text: // Copyright (c) 2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
  // Copyright (c) 2009-2013 The Bitcoin developers
  // Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
  // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
  
  #include "rpcserver.h"
  #include "main.h"
  #include "sync.h"
  #include "checkpoints.h"
  #include "auxpow.h"
  
  #include <stdint.h>
  
  #include "json/json_spirit_value.h"
  
  using namespace json_spirit;
  using namespace std;
  
  // from rpcraw.cpp
  void TxToJSON(const CTransaction& tx, const uint256 hashBlock, Object& entry);
  
  void ScriptPubKeyToJSON(const CScript& scriptPubKey, Object& out, bool fIncludeHex);
  
  double GetDifficulty(const CBlockIndex* blockindex, int algo)
  {
      unsigned int nBits;
  
      // Floating point number that is a multiple of the minimum difficulty,
      // minimum difficulty = 1.0.
      if (blockindex == NULL)
      {
          CBlockIndex* tip = chainActive.Tip();
          if (tip == NULL)
              nBits = Params().ProofOfWorkLimit(ALGO_SHA256D).GetCompact();
          else
          {
              blockindex = GetLastBlockIndexForAlgo(tip, algo);
              if (blockindex == NULL)
                  nBits = Params().ProofOfWorkLimit(algo).GetCompact();
              else
                  nBits = blockindex->nBits;
          }
      }
      else
          nBits = blockindex->nBits;
  
      int nShift = (nBits >> 24) & 0xff;
  
      double dDiff =
          (double)0x0000ffff / (double)(nBits & 0x00ffffff);
  
      while (nShift < 29)
      {
          dDiff *= 256.0;
          nShift++;
      }
      while (nShift > 29)
      {
          dDiff /= 256.0;
          nShift--;
      }
  
      return dDiff;
  }
  
  
  Object blockToJSON(const CBlock& block, const CBlockIndex* blockindex)
  {
      Object result;
      result.push_back(Pair("hash", block.GetHash().GetHex()));
      CMerkleTx txGen(block.vtx[0]);
      txGen.SetMerkleBranch(&block);
      result.push_back(Pair("confirmations", (int)txGen.GetDepthInMainChain()));
      result.push_back(Pair("size", (int)::GetSerializeSize(block, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION)));
      result.push_back(Pair("height", blockindex->nHeight));
      result.push_back(Pair("version", block.nVersion));
      int algo = block.GetAlgo();
      result.push_back(Pair("pow_algo_id", algo));
      result.push_back(Pair("pow_algo", GetAlgoName(algo)));
      result.push_back(Pair("pow_hash", block.GetPoWHash(algo).GetHex()));
      result.push_back(Pair("merkleroot", block.hashMerkleRoot.GetHex()));
      if (block.nVersion & BLOCK_VERSION_AUXPOW) {
          // this block includes auxpow
          Object auxpow;
          auxpow.push_back(Pair("size", (int)::GetSerializeSize(*block.auxpow, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION)));
  
          Object coinbasetx;
          TxToJSON(*block.auxpow, 0, coinbasetx);
          auxpow.push_back(Pair("coinbasetx", Value(coinbasetx)));
  
          Array coinbaseMerkle;
          BOOST_FOREACH(const uint256 &hash, block.auxpow->vMerkleBranch)
              coinbaseMerkle.push_back(hash.GetHex());
          auxpow.push_back(Pair("coinbaseMerkleBranch", coinbaseMerkle));
          auxpow.push_back(Pair("coinbaseIndex", block.auxpow->nIndex));
  
          Array chainMerkle;
          BOOST_FOREACH(const uint256 &hash, block.auxpow->vChainMerkleBranch)
              chainMerkle.push_back(hash.GetHex());
          auxpow.push_back(Pair("chainMerkleBranch", chainMerkle));
          auxpow.push_back(Pair("chainIndex", (boost::uint64_t)block.auxpow->nChainIndex));
  
          Object parent_block;
          parent_block.push_back(Pair("hash", block.auxpow->parentBlockHeader.GetHash().GetHex()));
          parent_block.push_back(Pair("version", (boost::uint64_t)block.auxpow->parentBlockHeader.nVersion));
          parent_block.push_back(Pair("previousblockhash", block.auxpow->parentBlockHeader.hashPrevBlock.GetHex()));
          parent_block.push_back(Pair("merkleroot", block.auxpow->parentBlockHeader.hashMerkleRoot.GetHex()));
          parent_block.push_back(Pair("time", (boost::int64_t)block.auxpow->parentBlockHeader.nTime));
          parent_block.push_back(Pair("bits", HexBits(block.auxpow->parentBlockHeader.nBits)));
          parent_block.push_back(Pair("nonce", (boost::uint64_t)block.auxpow->parentBlockHeader.nNonce));
          auxpow.push_back(Pair("parent_block", Value(parent_block)));
          result.push_back(Pair("auxpow", Value(auxpow)));
      }
      Array txs;
      BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction&tx, block.vtx)
          txs.push_back(tx.GetHash().GetHex());
      result.push_back(Pair("tx", txs));
      result.push_back(Pair("time", block.GetBlockTime()));
      result.push_back(Pair("nonce", (uint64_t)block.nNonce));
      result.push_back(Pair("bits", HexBits(block.nBits)));
      result.push_back(Pair("difficulty", GetDifficulty(blockindex, miningAlgo)));
      result.push_back(Pair("chainwork", blockindex->nChainWork.GetHex()));
  
      if (blockindex->pprev)
          result.push_back(Pair("previousblockhash", blockindex->pprev->GetBlockHash().GetHex()));
      CBlockIndex *pnext = chainActive.Next(blockindex);
      if (pnext)
          result.push_back(Pair("nextblockhash", pnext->GetBlockHash().GetHex()));
      return result;
  }
  
  
  Value getblockcount(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
  {
      if (fHelp || params.size() != 0)
          throw runtime_error(
              "getblockcount\n"
              "\nReturns the number of blocks in the longest block chain.\n"
              "\nResult:\n"
              "n    (numeric) The current block count\n"
              "\nExamples:\n"
              + HelpExampleCli("getblockcount", "")
              + HelpExampleRpc("getblockcount", "")
          );
  
      return chainActive.Height();
  }
  
  Value getbestblockhash(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
  {
      if (fHelp || params.size() != 0)
          throw runtime_error(
              "getbestblockhash\n"
              "\nReturns the hash of the best (tip) block in the longest block chain.\n"
              "\nResult\n"
              "\"hex\"      (string) the block hash hex encoded\n"
              "\nExamples\n"
              + HelpExampleCli("getbestblockhash", "")
              + HelpExampleRpc("getbestblockhash", "")
          );
  
      return chainActive.Tip()->GetBlockHash().GetHex();
  }
  
  Value getdifficulty(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
  {
      if (fHelp || params.size() != 0)
          throw runtime_error(
              "getdifficulty\n"
              "\nReturns the proof-of-work difficulty as a multiple of the minimum difficulty.\n"
              "\nResult:\n"
              "n.nnn       (numeric) the proof-of-work difficulty as a multiple of the minimum difficulty.\n"
              "\nExamples:\n"
              + HelpExampleCli("getdifficulty", "")
              + HelpExampleRpc("getdifficulty", "")
          );
  
      return GetDifficulty(NULL, miningAlgo);
  }
  
  
  Value getrawmempool(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
  {
      if (fHelp || params.size() > 1)
          throw runtime_error(
              "getrawmempool ( verbose )\n"
              "\nReturns all transaction ids in memory pool as a json array of string transaction ids.\n"
              "\nArguments:\n"
              "1. verbose           (boolean, optional, default=false) true for a json object, false for array of transaction ids\n"
              "\nResult: (for verbose = false):\n"
              "[                     (json array of string)\n"
              "  \"transactionid\"     (string) The transaction id\n"
              "  ,...\n"
              "]\n"
              "\nResult: (for verbose = true):\n"
              "{                           (json object)\n"
              "  \"transactionid\" : {       (json object)\n"
              "    \"size\" : n,             (numeric) transaction size in bytes\n"
              "    \"fee\" : n,              (numeric) transaction fee in myriadcoins\n"
              "    \"time\" : n,             (numeric) local time transaction entered pool in seconds since 1 Jan 1970 GMT\n"
              "    \"height\" : n,           (numeric) block height when transaction entered pool\n"
              "    \"startingpriority\" : n, (numeric) priority when transaction entered pool\n"
              "    \"currentpriority\" : n,  (numeric) transaction priority now\n"
              "    \"depends\" : [           (array) unconfirmed transactions used as inputs for this transaction\n"
              "        \"transactionid\",    (string) parent transaction id\n"
              "       ... ]\n"
              "  }, ...\n"
              "]\n"
              "\nExamples\n"
              + HelpExampleCli("getrawmempool", "true")
              + HelpExampleRpc("getrawmempool", "true")
          );
  
      bool fVerbose = false;
      if (params.size() > 0)
          fVerbose = params[0].get_bool();
  
      if (fVerbose)
      {
          LOCK(mempool.cs);
          Object o;
          BOOST_FOREACH(const PAIRTYPE(uint256, CTxMemPoolEntry)& entry, mempool.mapTx)
          {
              const uint256& hash = entry.first;
              const CTxMemPoolEntry& e = entry.second;
              Object info;
              info.push_back(Pair("size", (int)e.GetTxSize()));
              info.push_back(Pair("fee", ValueFromAmount(e.GetFee())));
              info.push_back(Pair("time", e.GetTime()));
              info.push_back(Pair("height", (int)e.GetHeight()));
              info.push_back(Pair("startingpriority", e.GetPriority(e.GetHeight())));
              info.push_back(Pair("currentpriority", e.GetPriority(chainActive.Height())));
              const CTransaction& tx = e.GetTx();
              set<string> setDepends;
              BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
              {
                  if (mempool.exists(txin.prevout.hash))
                      setDepends.insert(txin.prevout.hash.ToString());
              }
              Array depends(setDepends.begin(), setDepends.end());
              info.push_back(Pair("depends", depends));
              o.push_back(Pair(hash.ToString(), info));
          }
          return o;
      }
      else
      {
          vector<uint256> vtxid;
          mempool.queryHashes(vtxid);
  
          Array a;
          BOOST_FOREACH(const uint256& hash, vtxid)
              a.push_back(hash.ToString());
  
          return a;
      }
  }
  
  Value getblockhash(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
  {
      if (fHelp || params.size() != 1)
          throw runtime_error(
              "getblockhash index\n"
              "\nReturns hash of block in best-block-chain at index provided.\n"
              "\nArguments:\n"
              "1. index         (numeric, required) The block index\n"
              "\nResult:\n"
              "\"hash\"         (string) The block hash\n"
              "\nExamples:\n"
              + HelpExampleCli("getblockhash", "1000")
              + HelpExampleRpc("getblockhash", "1000")
          );
  
      int nHeight = params[0].get_int();
      if (nHeight < 0 || nHeight > chainActive.Height())
          throw runtime_error("Block number out of range.");
  
      CBlockIndex* pblockindex = chainActive[nHeight];
      return pblockindex->GetBlockHash().GetHex();
  }
  
  Value getblock(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
  {
      if (fHelp || params.size() < 1 || params.size() > 2)
          throw runtime_error(
              "getblock \"hash\" ( verbose )\n"
              "\nIf verbose is false, returns a string that is serialized, hex-encoded data for block 'hash'.\n"
              "If verbose is true, returns an Object with information about block <hash>.\n"
              "\nArguments:\n"
              "1. \"hash\"          (string, required) The block hash\n"
              "2. verbose           (boolean, optional, default=true) true for a json object, false for the hex encoded data\n"
              "\nResult (for verbose = true):\n"
              "{\n"
              "  \"hash\" : \"hash\",     (string) the block hash (same as provided)\n"
              "  \"confirmations\" : n,   (numeric) The number of confirmations\n"
              "  \"size\" : n,            (numeric) The block size\n"
              "  \"height\" : n,          (numeric) The block height or index\n"
              "  \"version\" : n,         (numeric) The block version\n"
              "  \"merkleroot\" : \"xxxx\", (string) The merkle root\n"
              "  \"tx\" : [               (array of string) The transaction ids\n"
              "     \"transactionid\"     (string) The transaction id\n"
              "     ,...\n"
              "  ],\n"
              "  \"time\" : ttt,          (numeric) The block time in seconds since epoch (Jan 1 1970 GMT)\n"
              "  \"nonce\" : n,           (numeric) The nonce\n"
              "  \"bits\" : \"1d00ffff\", (string) The bits\n"
              "  \"difficulty\" : x.xxx,  (numeric) The difficulty\n"
              "  \"previousblockhash\" : \"hash\",  (string) The hash of the previous block\n"
              "  \"nextblockhash\" : \"hash\"       (string) The hash of the next block\n"
              "}\n"
              "\nResult (for verbose=false):\n"
              "\"data\"             (string) A string that is serialized, hex-encoded data for block 'hash'.\n"
              "\nExamples:\n"
              + HelpExampleCli("getblock", "\"00000000c937983704a73af28acdec37b049d214adbda81d7e2a3dd146f6ed09\"")
              + HelpExampleRpc("getblock", "\"00000000c937983704a73af28acdec37b049d214adbda81d7e2a3dd146f6ed09\"")
          );
  
      std::string strHash = params[0].get_str();
      uint256 hash(strHash);
  
      bool fVerbose = true;
      if (params.size() > 1)
          fVerbose = params[1].get_bool();
  
      if (mapBlockIndex.count(hash) == 0)
          throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY, "Block not found");
  
      CBlock block;
      CBlockIndex* pblockindex = mapBlockIndex[hash];
      ReadBlockFromDisk(block, pblockindex);
  
      if (!fVerbose)
      {
          CDataStream ssBlock(SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
          ssBlock << block;
          std::string strHex = HexStr(ssBlock.begin(), ssBlock.end());
          return strHex;
      }
  
      return blockToJSON(block, pblockindex);
  }
  
  Value gettxoutsetinfo(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
  {
      if (fHelp || params.size() != 0)
          throw runtime_error(
              "gettxoutsetinfo\n"
              "\nReturns statistics about the unspent transaction output set.\n"
              "Note this call may take some time.\n"
              "\nResult:\n"
              "{\n"
              "  \"height\":n,     (numeric) The current block height (index)\n"
              "  \"bestblock\": \"hex\",   (string) the best block hash hex\n"
              "  \"transactions\": n,      (numeric) The number of transactions\n"
              "  \"txouts\": n,            (numeric) The number of output transactions\n"
              "  \"bytes_serialized\": n,  (numeric) The serialized size\n"
              "  \"hash_serialized\": \"hash\",   (string) The serialized hash\n"
              "  \"total_amount\": x.xxx          (numeric) The total amount\n"
              "}\n"
              "\nExamples:\n"
              + HelpExampleCli("gettxoutsetinfo", "")
              + HelpExampleRpc("gettxoutsetinfo", "")
          );
  
      Object ret;
  
      CCoinsStats stats;
      if (pcoinsTip->GetStats(stats)) {
          ret.push_back(Pair("height", (int64_t)stats.nHeight));
          ret.push_back(Pair("bestblock", stats.hashBlock.GetHex()));
          ret.push_back(Pair("transactions", (int64_t)stats.nTransactions));
          ret.push_back(Pair("txouts", (int64_t)stats.nTransactionOutputs));
          ret.push_back(Pair("bytes_serialized", (int64_t)stats.nSerializedSize));
          ret.push_back(Pair("hash_serialized", stats.hashSerialized.GetHex()));
          ret.push_back(Pair("total_amount", ValueFromAmount(stats.nTotalAmount)));
      }
      return ret;
  }
  
  Value gettxout(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
  {
      if (fHelp || params.size() < 2 || params.size() > 3)
          throw runtime_error(
              "gettxout \"txid\" n ( includemempool )\n"
              "\nReturns details about an unspent transaction output.\n"
              "\nArguments:\n"
              "1. \"txid\"       (string, required) The transaction id\n"
              "2. n              (numeric, required) vout value\n"
              "3. includemempool  (boolean, optional) Whether to included the mem pool\n"
              "\nResult:\n"
              "{\n"
              "  \"bestblock\" : \"hash\",    (string) the block hash\n"
              "  \"confirmations\" : n,       (numeric) The number of confirmations\n"
              "  \"value\" : x.xxx,           (numeric) The transaction value in btc\n"
              "  \"scriptPubKey\" : {         (json object)\n"
              "     \"asm\" : \"code\",       (string) \n"
              "     \"hex\" : \"hex\",        (string) \n"
              "     \"reqSigs\" : n,          (numeric) Number of required signatures\n"
              "     \"type\" : \"pubkeyhash\", (string) The type, eg pubkeyhash\n"
              "     \"addresses\" : [          (array of string) array of myriad addresses\n"
              "        \"myriadcoinaddress\"   (string) myriad address\n"
              "        ,...\n"
              "     ]\n"
              "  },\n"
              "  \"version\" : n,            (numeric) The version\n"
              "  \"coinbase\" : true|false   (boolean) Coinbase or not\n"
              "}\n"
  
              "\nExamples:\n"
              "\nGet unspent transactions\n"
              + HelpExampleCli("listunspent", "") +
              "\nView the details\n"
              + HelpExampleCli("gettxout", "\"txid\" 1") +
              "\nAs a json rpc call\n"
              + HelpExampleRpc("gettxout", "\"txid\", 1")
          );
  
      Object ret;
  
      std::string strHash = params[0].get_str();
      uint256 hash(strHash);
      int n = params[1].get_int();
      bool fMempool = true;
      if (params.size() > 2)
          fMempool = params[2].get_bool();
  
      CCoins coins;
      if (fMempool) {
          LOCK(mempool.cs);
          CCoinsViewMemPool view(*pcoinsTip, mempool);
          if (!view.GetCoins(hash, coins))
              return Value::null;
          mempool.pruneSpent(hash, coins); // TODO: this should be done by the CCoinsViewMemPool
      } else {
          if (!pcoinsTip->GetCoins(hash, coins))
              return Value::null;
      }
      if (n<0 || (unsigned int)n>=coins.vout.size() || coins.vout[n].IsNull())
          return Value::null;
  
      std::map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator it = mapBlockIndex.find(pcoinsTip->GetBestBlock());
      CBlockIndex *pindex = it->second;
      ret.push_back(Pair("bestblock", pindex->GetBlockHash().GetHex()));
      if ((unsigned int)coins.nHeight == MEMPOOL_HEIGHT)
          ret.push_back(Pair("confirmations", 0));
      else
          ret.push_back(Pair("confirmations", pindex->nHeight - coins.nHeight + 1));
      ret.push_back(Pair("value", ValueFromAmount(coins.vout[n].nValue)));
      Object o;
      ScriptPubKeyToJSON(coins.vout[n].scriptPubKey, o, true);
      ret.push_back(Pair("scriptPubKey", o));
      ret.push_back(Pair("version", coins.nVersion));
      ret.push_back(Pair("coinbase", coins.fCoinBase));
  
      return ret;
  }
  
  Value verifychain(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
  {
      if (fHelp || params.size() > 2)
          throw runtime_error(
              "verifychain ( checklevel numblocks )\n"
              "\nVerifies blockchain database.\n"
              "\nArguments:\n"
              "1. checklevel   (numeric, optional, 0-4, default=3) How thorough the block verification is.\n"
              "2. numblocks    (numeric, optional, default=288, 0=all) The number of blocks to check.\n"
              "\nResult:\n"
              "true|false       (boolean) Verified or not\n"
              "\nExamples:\n"
              + HelpExampleCli("verifychain", "")
              + HelpExampleRpc("verifychain", "")
          );
  
      int nCheckLevel = GetArg("-checklevel", 3);
      int nCheckDepth = GetArg("-checkblocks", 288);
      if (params.size() > 0)
          nCheckLevel = params[0].get_int();
      if (params.size() > 1)
          nCheckDepth = params[1].get_int();
  
      return VerifyDB(nCheckLevel, nCheckDepth);
  }
  
  Value getblockchaininfo(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
  {
      if (fHelp || params.size() != 0)
          throw runtime_error(
              "getblockchaininfo\n"
              "Returns an object containing various state info regarding block chain processing.\n"
              "\nResult:\n"
              "{\n"
              "  \"chain\": \"xxxx\",        (string) current chain (main, testnet3, regtest)\n"
              "  \"blocks\": xxxxxx,         (numeric) the current number of blocks processed in the server\n"
              "  \"bestblockhash\": \"...\", (string) the hash of the currently best block\n"
              "  \"difficulty\": xxxxxx,     (numeric) the current difficulty\n"
              "  \"verificationprogress\": xxxx, (numeric) estimate of verification progress [0..1]\n"
              "  \"chainwork\": \"xxxx\"     (string) total amount of work in active chain, in hexadecimal\n"
              "}\n"
              "\nExamples:\n"
              + HelpExampleCli("getblockchaininfo", "")
              + HelpExampleRpc("getblockchaininfo", "")
          );
  
      proxyType proxy;
      GetProxy(NET_IPV4, proxy);
  
      Object obj;
      std::string chain = Params().DataDir();
      if(chain.empty())
          chain = "main";
      obj.push_back(Pair("chain",         chain));
      obj.push_back(Pair("blocks",        (int)chainActive.Height()));
      obj.push_back(Pair("bestblockhash", chainActive.Tip()->GetBlockHash().GetHex()));
      obj.push_back(Pair("difficulty",    (double)GetDifficulty(NULL, miningAlgo)));
      obj.push_back(Pair("verificationprogress", Checkpoints::GuessVerificationProgress(chainActive.Tip())));
      obj.push_back(Pair("chainwork",     chainActive.Tip()->nChainWork.GetHex()));
      return obj;
  }
  