text: /* See LICENSE for license details. */
  #include <X11/XKBlib.h>
  #include <X11/Xatom.h>
  #include <X11/Xft/Xft.h>
  #include <X11/Xlib.h>
  #include <X11/Xresource.h>
  #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  #include <X11/keysym.h>
  #include <errno.h>
  #include <libgen.h>
  #include <limits.h>
  #include <locale.h>
  #include <math.h>
  #include <signal.h>
  #include <sys/select.h>
  #include <time.h>
  #include <unistd.h>
  
  char* argv0;
  #include "arg.h"
  #include "hb.h"
  #include "st.h"
  #include "win.h"
  
  /* types used in config.h */
  typedef struct {
      uint mod;
      KeySym keysym;
      void (*func)(const Arg*);
      const Arg arg;
  } Shortcut;
  
  typedef struct {
      uint mod;
      uint button;
      void (*func)(const Arg*);
      const Arg arg;
      uint release;
      int altscrn; /* 0: don't care, -1: not alt screen, 1: alt screen */
  } MouseShortcut;
  
  typedef struct {
      KeySym k;
      uint mask;
      char* s;
      /* three-valued logic variables: 0 indifferent, 1 on, -1 off */
      signed char appkey; /* application keypad */
      signed char appcursor; /* application cursor */
  } Key;
  
  /* Xresources preferences */
  enum resource_type { STRING = 0,
      INTEGER = 1,
      FLOAT = 2 };
  
  typedef struct {
      char* name;
      enum resource_type type;
      void* dst;
  } ResourcePref;
  
  /* X modifiers */
  #define XK_ANY_MOD UINT_MAX
  #define XK_NO_MOD 0
  #define XK_SWITCH_MOD (1 << 13)
  
  /* function definitions used in config.h */
  static void clipcopy(const Arg*);
  static void clippaste(const Arg*);
  static void numlock(const Arg*);
  static void selpaste(const Arg*);
  static void zoom(const Arg*);
  static void zoomabs(const Arg*);
  static void zoomreset(const Arg*);
  static void ttysend(const Arg*);
  
  /* config.h for applying patches and the configuration. */
  #include "config.h"
  
  /* XEMBED messages */
  #define XEMBED_FOCUS_IN 4
  #define XEMBED_FOCUS_OUT 5
  
  /* macros */
  #define IS_SET(flag) ((win.mode & (flag)) != 0)
  #define TRUERED(x) (((x)&0xff0000) >> 8)
  #define TRUEGREEN(x) (((x)&0xff00))
  #define TRUEBLUE(x) (((x)&0xff) << 8)
  
  typedef XftDraw* Draw;
  typedef XftColor Color;
  typedef XftGlyphFontSpec GlyphFontSpec;
  
  /* Purely graphic info */
  typedef struct {
      int tw, th; /* tty width and height */
      int w, h; /* window width and height */
      int hborderpx, vborderpx;
      int ch; /* char height */
      int cw; /* char width  */
      int mode; /* window state/mode flags */
      int cursor; /* cursor style */
  } TermWindow;
  
  typedef struct {
      Display* dpy;
      Colormap cmap;
      Window win;
      Drawable buf;
      GlyphFontSpec* specbuf; /* font spec buffer used for rendering */
      Atom xembed, wmdeletewin, netwmname, netwmpid;
      struct {
          XIM xim;
          XIC xic;
          XPoint spot;
          XVaNestedList spotlist;
      } ime;
      Draw draw;
      Visual* vis;
      XSetWindowAttributes attrs;
      int scr;
      int isfixed; /* is fixed geometry? */
      int depth; /* bit depth */
      int l, t; /* left and top offset */
      int gm; /* geometry mask */
  } XWindow;
  
  typedef struct {
      Atom xtarget;
      char *primary, *clipboard;
      struct timespec tclick1;
      struct timespec tclick2;
  } XSelection;
  
  /* Font structure */
  #define Font Font_
  typedef struct {
      int height;
      int width;
      int ascent;
      int descent;
      int badslant;
      int badweight;
      short lbearing;
      short rbearing;
      XftFont* match;
      FcFontSet* set;
      FcPattern* pattern;
  } Font;
  
  /* Drawing Context */
  typedef struct {
      Color* col;
      size_t collen;
      Font font, bfont, ifont, ibfont;
      GC gc;
  } DC;
  
  static inline ushort sixd_to_16bit(int);
  static int xmakeglyphfontspecs(XftGlyphFontSpec*, const Glyph*, int, int,
      int);
  static void xdrawglyphfontspecs(const XftGlyphFontSpec*, Glyph, int, int, int);
  static void xdrawglyph(Glyph, int, int);
  static void xclear(int, int, int, int);
  static int xgeommasktogravity(int);
  static int ximopen(Display*);
  static void ximinstantiate(Display*, XPointer, XPointer);
  static void ximdestroy(XIM, XPointer, XPointer);
  static int xicdestroy(XIC, XPointer, XPointer);
  static void xinit(int, int);
  static void cresize(int, int);
  static void xresize(int, int);
  static void xhints(void);
  static int xloadcolor(int, const char*, Color*);
  static int xloadfont(Font*, FcPattern*);
  static void xloadsparefont();
  static void xloadfonts(char*, double);
  static void xunloadfont(Font*);
  static void xunloadfonts(void);
  static void xsetenv(void);
  static void xseturgency(int);
  static int evcol(XEvent*);
  static int evrow(XEvent*);
  
  static void expose(XEvent*);
  static void visibility(XEvent*);
  static void unmap(XEvent*);
  static void kpress(XEvent*);
  static void cmessage(XEvent*);
  static void resize(XEvent*);
  static void focus(XEvent*);
  static uint buttonmask(uint);
  static int mouseaction(XEvent*, uint);
  static void brelease(XEvent*);
  static void bpress(XEvent*);
  static void bmotion(XEvent*);
  static void propnotify(XEvent*);
  static void selnotify(XEvent*);
  static void selclear_(XEvent*);
  static void selrequest(XEvent*);
  static void setsel(char*, Time);
  static void mousesel(XEvent*, int);
  static void mousereport(XEvent*);
  static char* kmap(KeySym, uint);
  static int match(uint, uint);
  
  static void run(void);
  static void usage(void);
  
  static void (*handler[LASTEvent])(XEvent*) = {
      [KeyPress] = kpress,
      [ClientMessage] = cmessage,
      [ConfigureNotify] = resize,
      [VisibilityNotify] = visibility,
      [UnmapNotify] = unmap,
      [Expose] = expose,
      [FocusIn] = focus,
      [FocusOut] = focus,
      [MotionNotify] = bmotion,
      [ButtonPress] = bpress,
      [ButtonRelease] = brelease,
      /*
       * Uncomment if you want the selection to disappear when you select
       * something different in another window.
       */
      /*  [SelectionClear] = selclear_, */
      [SelectionNotify] = selnotify,
      /*
       * PropertyNotify is only turned on when there is some INCR transfer
       * happening for the selection retrieval.
       */
      [PropertyNotify] = propnotify,
      [SelectionRequest] = selrequest,
  };
  
  /* Globals */
  static DC dc;
  static XWindow xw;
  static XSelection xsel;
  static TermWindow win;
  
  /* Font Ring Cache */
  enum { FRC_NORMAL,
      FRC_ITALIC,
      FRC_BOLD,
      FRC_ITALICBOLD };
  
  typedef struct {
      XftFont* font;
      int flags;
      Rune unicodep;
  } Fontcache;
  
  /* Fontcache is an array now. A new font will be appended to the array. */
  static Fontcache* frc = NULL;
  static int frclen = 0;
  static int frccap = 0;
  static char* usedfont = NULL;
  static double usedfontsize = 0;
  static double defaultfontsize = 0;
  
  static char* opt_alpha = NULL;
  static char* opt_class = NULL;
  static char** opt_cmd = NULL;
  static char* opt_embed = NULL;
  static char* opt_font = NULL;
  static char* opt_io = NULL;
  static char* opt_line = NULL;
  static char* opt_name = NULL;
  static char* opt_title = NULL;
  
  static int oldbutton = 3; /* button event on startup: 3 = release */
  
  void clipcopy(const Arg* dummy)
  {
      Atom clipboard;
  
      free(xsel.clipboard);
      xsel.clipboard = NULL;
  
      if (xsel.primary != NULL) {
          xsel.clipboard = xstrdup(xsel.primary);
          clipboard = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "CLIPBOARD", 0);
          XSetSelectionOwner(xw.dpy, clipboard, xw.win, CurrentTime);
      }
  }
  void xloadsparefont()
  {
      FcPattern *fontpattern, *match;
      FcResult result;
  
      /* add font2 to font cache as first 4 entries */
      if (font2[0] == '-')
          fontpattern = XftXlfdParse(font2, False, False);
      else
          fontpattern = FcNameParse((FcChar8*)font2);
      if (fontpattern) {
          /* Allocate memory for the new cache entries. */
          frccap += 4;
          frc = xrealloc(frc, frccap * sizeof(Fontcache));
          /* add Normal */
          match = FcFontMatch(NULL, fontpattern, &result);
          if (match)
              frc[frclen].font = XftFontOpenPattern(xw.dpy, match);
          if (frc[frclen].font) {
              frc[frclen].flags = FRC_NORMAL;
              frclen++;
          } else
              FcPatternDestroy(match);
          /* add Italic */
          FcPatternDel(fontpattern, FC_SLANT);
          FcPatternAddInteger(fontpattern, FC_SLANT, FC_SLANT_ITALIC);
          match = FcFontMatch(NULL, fontpattern, &result);
          if (match)
              frc[frclen].font = XftFontOpenPattern(xw.dpy, match);
          if (frc[frclen].font) {
              frc[frclen].flags = FRC_ITALIC;
              frclen++;
          } else
              FcPatternDestroy(match);
          /* add Italic Bold */
          FcPatternDel(fontpattern, FC_WEIGHT);
          FcPatternAddInteger(fontpattern, FC_WEIGHT, FC_WEIGHT_BOLD);
          match = FcFontMatch(NULL, fontpattern, &result);
          if (match)
              frc[frclen].font = XftFontOpenPattern(xw.dpy, match);
          if (frc[frclen].font) {
              frc[frclen].flags = FRC_ITALICBOLD;
              frclen++;
          } else
              FcPatternDestroy(match);
          /* add Bold */
          FcPatternDel(fontpattern, FC_SLANT);
          FcPatternAddInteger(fontpattern, FC_SLANT, FC_SLANT_ROMAN);
          match = FcFontMatch(NULL, fontpattern, &result);
          if (match)
              frc[frclen].font = XftFontOpenPattern(xw.dpy, match);
          if (frc[frclen].font) {
              frc[frclen].flags = FRC_BOLD;
              frclen++;
          } else
              FcPatternDestroy(match);
          FcPatternDestroy(fontpattern);
      }
  }
  
  void clippaste(const Arg* dummy)
  {
      Atom clipboard;
  
      clipboard = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "CLIPBOARD", 0);
      XConvertSelection(xw.dpy, clipboard, xsel.xtarget, clipboard, xw.win,
          CurrentTime);
  }
  
  void selpaste(const Arg* dummy)
  {
      XConvertSelection(xw.dpy, XA_PRIMARY, xsel.xtarget, XA_PRIMARY, xw.win,
          CurrentTime);
  }
  
  void numlock(const Arg* dummy) { win.mode ^= MODE_NUMLOCK; }
  
  void zoom(const Arg* arg)
  {
      Arg larg;
  
      larg.f = usedfontsize + arg->f;
      zoomabs(&larg);
  }
  
  void zoomabs(const Arg* arg)
  {
      xunloadfonts();
      xloadfonts(usedfont, arg->f);
      xloadsparefont();
      cresize(0, 0);
      redraw();
      xhints();
  }
  
  void zoomreset(const Arg* arg)
  {
      Arg larg;
  
      if (defaultfontsize > 0) {
          larg.f = defaultfontsize;
          zoomabs(&larg);
      }
  }
  
  void ttysend(const Arg* arg) { ttywrite(arg->s, strlen(arg->s), 1); }
  
  int evcol(XEvent* e)
  {
      int x = e->xbutton.x - win.hborderpx;
      LIMIT(x, 0, win.tw - 1);
      return x / win.cw;
  }
  
  int evrow(XEvent* e)
  {
      int y = e->xbutton.y - win.vborderpx;
      LIMIT(y, 0, win.th - 1);
      return y / win.ch;
  }
  
  void mousesel(XEvent* e, int done)
  {
      int type, seltype = SEL_REGULAR;
      uint state = e->xbutton.state & ~(Button1Mask | forcemousemod);
  
      for (type = 1; type < LEN(selmasks); ++type) {
          if (match(selmasks[type], state)) {
              seltype = type;
              break;
          }
      }
      selextend(evcol(e), evrow(e), seltype, done);
      if (done)
          setsel(getsel(), e->xbutton.time);
  }
  
  void mousereport(XEvent* e)
  {
      int len, x = evcol(e), y = evrow(e), button = e->xbutton.button,
               state = e->xbutton.state;
      char buf[40];
      static int ox, oy;
  
      /* from urxvt */
      if (e->xbutton.type == MotionNotify) {
          if (x == ox && y == oy)
              return;
          if (!IS_SET(MODE_MOUSEMOTION) && !IS_SET(MODE_MOUSEMANY))
              return;
          /* MOUSE_MOTION: no reporting if no button is pressed */
          if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSEMOTION) && oldbutton == 3)
              return;
  
          button = oldbutton + 32;
          ox = x;
          oy = y;
      } else {
          if (!IS_SET(MODE_MOUSESGR) && e->xbutton.type == ButtonRelease) {
              button = 3;
          } else {
              button -= Button1;
              if (button >= 3)
                  button += 64 - 3;
          }
          if (e->xbutton.type == ButtonPress) {
              oldbutton = button;
              ox = x;
              oy = y;
          } else if (e->xbutton.type == ButtonRelease) {
              oldbutton = 3;
              /* MODE_MOUSEX10: no button release reporting */
              if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSEX10))
                  return;
              if (button == 64 || button == 65)
                  return;
          }
      }
  
      if (!IS_SET(MODE_MOUSEX10)) {
          button += ((state & ShiftMask) ? 4 : 0) + ((state & Mod4Mask) ? 8 : 0) + ((state & ControlMask) ? 16 : 0);
      }
  
      if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSESGR)) {
          len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "\033[<%d;%d;%d%c", button, x + 1, y + 1,
              e->xbutton.type == ButtonRelease ? 'm' : 'M');
      } else if (x < 223 && y < 223) {
          len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "\033[M%c%c%c", 32 + button, 32 + x + 1,
              32 + y + 1);
      } else {
          return;
      }
  
      ttywrite(buf, len, 0);
  }
  
  uint buttonmask(uint button)
  {
      return button == Button1
          ? Button1Mask
          : button == Button2
          ? Button2Mask
          : button == Button3
          ? Button3Mask
          : button == Button4
          ? Button4Mask
          : button == Button5 ? Button5Mask
                              : 0;
  }
  
  int mouseaction(XEvent* e, uint release)
  {
      MouseShortcut* ms;
  
      /* ignore Button<N>mask for Button<N> - it's set on release */
      uint state = e->xbutton.state & ~buttonmask(e->xbutton.button);
  
      for (ms = mshortcuts; ms < mshortcuts + LEN(mshortcuts); ms++) {
          if (ms->release == release && ms->button == e->xbutton.button && (!ms->altscrn || (ms->altscrn == (tisaltscr() ? 1 : -1))) && (match(ms->mod, state) || /* exact or forced */
                  match(ms->mod, state & ~forcemousemod))) {
              ms->func(&(ms->arg));
              return 1;
          }
      }
  
      return 0;
  }
  
  void bpress(XEvent* e)
  {
      struct timespec now;
      int snap;
  
      if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSE) && !(e->xbutton.state & forcemousemod)) {
          mousereport(e);
          return;
      }
  
      if (mouseaction(e, 0))
          return;
  
      if (e->xbutton.button == Button1) {
          /*
       * If the user clicks below predefined timeouts specific
       * snapping behaviour is exposed.
       */
          clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
          if (TIMEDIFF(now, xsel.tclick2) <= tripleclicktimeout) {
              snap = SNAP_LINE;
          } else if (TIMEDIFF(now, xsel.tclick1) <= doubleclicktimeout) {
              snap = SNAP_WORD;
          } else {
              snap = 0;
          }
          xsel.tclick2 = xsel.tclick1;
          xsel.tclick1 = now;
  
          selstart(evcol(e), evrow(e), snap);
      }
  }
  
  void propnotify(XEvent* e)
  {
      XPropertyEvent* xpev;
      Atom clipboard = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "CLIPBOARD", 0);
  
      xpev = &e->xproperty;
      if (xpev->state == PropertyNewValue && (xpev->atom == XA_PRIMARY || xpev->atom == clipboard)) {
          selnotify(e);
      }
  }
  
  void selnotify(XEvent* e)
  {
      ulong nitems, ofs, rem;
      int format;
      uchar *data, *last, *repl;
      Atom type, incratom, property = None;
  
      incratom = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "INCR", 0);
  
      ofs = 0;
      if (e->type == SelectionNotify)
          property = e->xselection.property;
      else if (e->type == PropertyNotify)
          property = e->xproperty.atom;
  
      if (property == None)
          return;
  
      do {
          if (XGetWindowProperty(xw.dpy, xw.win, property, ofs, BUFSIZ / 4, False,
                  AnyPropertyType, &type, &format, &nitems, &rem,
                  &data)) {
              fprintf(stderr, "Clipboard allocation failed\n");
              return;
          }
  
          if (e->type == PropertyNotify && nitems == 0 && rem == 0) {
              /*
         * If there is some PropertyNotify with no data, then
         * this is the signal of the selection owner that all
         * data has been transferred. We won't need to receive
         * PropertyNotify events anymore.
         */
              MODBIT(xw.attrs.event_mask, 0, PropertyChangeMask);
              XChangeWindowAttributes(xw.dpy, xw.win, CWEventMask, &xw.attrs);
          }
  
          if (type == incratom) {
              /*
         * Activate the PropertyNotify events so we receive
         * when the selection owner does send us the next
         * chunk of data.
         */
              MODBIT(xw.attrs.event_mask, 1, PropertyChangeMask);
              XChangeWindowAttributes(xw.dpy, xw.win, CWEventMask, &xw.attrs);
  
              /*
         * Deleting the property is the transfer start signal.
         */
              XDeleteProperty(xw.dpy, xw.win, (int)property);
              continue;
          }
  
          /*
       * As seen in getsel:
       * Line endings are inconsistent in the terminal and GUI world
       * copy and pasting. When receiving some selection data,
       * replace all '\n' with '\r'.
       * FIXME: Fix the computer world.
       */
          repl = data;
          last = data + nitems * format / 8;
          while ((repl = memchr(repl, '\n', last - repl))) {
              *repl++ = '\r';
          }
  
          if (IS_SET(MODE_BRCKTPASTE) && ofs == 0)
              ttywrite("\033[200~", 6, 0);
          ttywrite((char*)data, nitems * format / 8, 1);
          if (IS_SET(MODE_BRCKTPASTE) && rem == 0)
              ttywrite("\033[201~", 6, 0);
          XFree(data);
          /* number of 32-bit chunks returned */
          ofs += nitems * format / 32;
      } while (rem > 0);
  
      /*
     * Deleting the property again tells the selection owner to send the
     * next data chunk in the property.
     */
      XDeleteProperty(xw.dpy, xw.win, (int)property);
  }
  
  void xclipcopy(void) { clipcopy(NULL); }
  
  void selclear_(XEvent* e) { selclear(); }
  
  void selrequest(XEvent* e)
  {
      XSelectionRequestEvent* xsre;
      XSelectionEvent xev;
      Atom xa_targets, string, clipboard;
      char* seltext;
  
      xsre = (XSelectionRequestEvent*)e;
      xev.type = SelectionNotify;
      xev.requestor = xsre->requestor;
      xev.selection = xsre->selection;
      xev.target = xsre->target;
      xev.time = xsre->time;
      if (xsre->property == None)
          xsre->property = xsre->target;
  
      /* reject */
      xev.property = None;
  
      xa_targets = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "TARGETS", 0);
      if (xsre->target == xa_targets) {
          /* respond with the supported type */
          string = xsel.xtarget;
          XChangeProperty(xsre->display, xsre->requestor, xsre->property, XA_ATOM, 32,
              PropModeReplace, (uchar*)&string, 1);
          xev.property = xsre->property;
      } else if (xsre->target == xsel.xtarget || xsre->target == XA_STRING) {
          /*
       * xith XA_STRING non ascii characters may be incorrect in the
       * requestor. It is not our problem, use utf8.
       */
          clipboard = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "CLIPBOARD", 0);
          if (xsre->selection == XA_PRIMARY) {
              seltext = xsel.primary;
          } else if (xsre->selection == clipboard) {
              seltext = xsel.clipboard;
          } else {
              fprintf(stderr, "Unhandled clipboard selection 0x%lx\n", xsre->selection);
              return;
          }
          if (seltext != NULL) {
              XChangeProperty(xsre->display, xsre->requestor, xsre->property,
                  xsre->target, 8, PropModeReplace, (uchar*)seltext,
                  strlen(seltext));
              xev.property = xsre->property;
          }
      }
  
      /* all done, send a notification to the listener */
      if (!XSendEvent(xsre->display, xsre->requestor, 1, 0, (XEvent*)&xev))
          fprintf(stderr, "Error sending SelectionNotify event\n");
  }
  
  void setsel(char* str, Time t)
  {
      if (!str)
          return;
  
      free(xsel.primary);
      xsel.primary = str;
  
      XSetSelectionOwner(xw.dpy, XA_PRIMARY, xw.win, t);
      if (XGetSelectionOwner(xw.dpy, XA_PRIMARY) != xw.win)
          selclear();
  }
  
  void xsetsel(char* str) { setsel(str, CurrentTime); }
  
  void brelease(XEvent* e)
  {
      if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSE) && !(e->xbutton.state & forcemousemod)) {
          mousereport(e);
          return;
      }
  
      if (mouseaction(e, 1))
          return;
      if (e->xbutton.button == Button1)
          mousesel(e, 1);
  }
  
  void bmotion(XEvent* e)
  {
      if (IS_SET(MODE_MOUSE) && !(e->xbutton.state & forcemousemod)) {
          mousereport(e);
          return;
      }
  
      mousesel(e, 0);
  }
  
  void cresize(int width, int height)
  {
      int col, row;
  
      if (width != 0)
          win.w = width;
      if (height != 0)
          win.h = height;
  
      col = (win.w - 2 * borderpx) / win.cw;
      row = (win.h - 2 * borderpx) / win.ch;
      col = MAX(1, col);
      row = MAX(1, row);
  
      win.hborderpx = (win.w - col * win.cw) / 2;
      win.vborderpx = (win.h - row * win.ch) / 2;
  
      tresize(col, row);
      xresize(col, row);
      ttyresize(win.tw, win.th);
  }
  
  void xresize(int col, int row)
  {
      win.tw = col * win.cw;
      win.th = row * win.ch;
  
      XFreePixmap(xw.dpy, xw.buf);
      // xw.buf =
      // XCreatePixmap(xw.dpy, xw.win, win.w, win.h, DefaultDepth(xw.dpy, xw.scr));
      xw.buf = XCreatePixmap(xw.dpy, xw.win, win.w, win.h,
          xw.depth);
  
      XftDrawChange(xw.draw, xw.buf);
      xclear(0, 0, win.w, win.h);
  
      /* resize to new width */
      xw.specbuf = xrealloc(xw.specbuf, col * sizeof(GlyphFontSpec));
  }
  
  ushort sixd_to_16bit(int x) { return x == 0 ? 0 : 0x3737 + 0x2828 * x; }
  
  int xloadcolor(int i, const char* name, Color* ncolor)
  {
      XRenderColor color = { .alpha = 0xffff };
  
      if (!name) {
          if (BETWEEN(i, 16, 255)) { /* 256 color */
              if (i < 6 * 6 * 6 + 16) { /* same colors as xterm */
                  color.red = sixd_to_16bit(((i - 16) / 36) % 6);
                  color.green = sixd_to_16bit(((i - 16) / 6) % 6);
                  color.blue = sixd_to_16bit(((i - 16) / 1) % 6);
              } else { /* greyscale */
                  color.red = 0x0808 + 0x0a0a * (i - (6 * 6 * 6 + 16));
                  color.green = color.blue = color.red;
              }
              return XftColorAllocValue(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, &color, ncolor);
          } else
              name = colorname[i];
      }
  
      return XftColorAllocName(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, name, ncolor);
  }
  
  void xloadcols(void)
  {
      int i;
      static int loaded;
      Color* cp;
  
      if (loaded) {
          for (cp = dc.col; cp < &dc.col[dc.collen]; ++cp)
              XftColorFree(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, cp);
      } else {
          dc.collen = MAX(LEN(colorname), 256);
          dc.col = xmalloc(dc.collen * sizeof(Color));
      }
  
      for (i = 0; i < dc.collen; i++)
          if (!xloadcolor(i, NULL, &dc.col[i])) {
              if (colorname[i])
                  die("could not allocate color '%s'\n", colorname[i]);
              else
                  die("could not allocate color %d\n", i);
          }
  
      /* set alpha value of bg color */
      if (opt_alpha)
          alpha = strtof(opt_alpha, NULL);
      dc.col[defaultbg].color.alpha = (unsigned short)(0xffff * alpha);
      dc.col[defaultbg].pixel &= 0x00FFFFFF;
      dc.col[defaultbg].pixel |= (unsigned char)(0xff * alpha) << 24;
      loaded = 1;
  }
  
  int xsetcolorname(int x, const char* name)
  {
      Color ncolor;
  
      if (!BETWEEN(x, 0, dc.collen))
          return 1;
  
      if (!xloadcolor(x, name, &ncolor))
          return 1;
  
      XftColorFree(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, &dc.col[x]);
      dc.col[x] = ncolor;
  
      return 0;
  }
  
  /*
   * Absolute coordinates.
   */
  void xclear(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)
  {
      XftDrawRect(xw.draw, &dc.col[IS_SET(MODE_REVERSE) ? defaultfg : defaultbg],
          x1, y1, x2 - x1, y2 - y1);
  }
  
  void xhints(void)
  {
      XClassHint class = { opt_name ? opt_name : "st", opt_class ? opt_class : "St" };
      XWMHints wm = { .flags = InputHint, .input = 1 };
      XSizeHints* sizeh;
  
      sizeh = XAllocSizeHints();
  
      sizeh->flags = PSize | PResizeInc | PBaseSize | PMinSize;
      sizeh->height = win.h;
      sizeh->width = win.w;
      sizeh->height_inc = 1;
      sizeh->width_inc = 1;
      sizeh->base_height = 2 * borderpx;
      sizeh->base_width = 2 * borderpx;
      sizeh->min_height = win.ch + 2 * borderpx;
      sizeh->min_width = win.cw + 2 * borderpx;
      if (xw.isfixed) {
          sizeh->flags |= PMaxSize;
          sizeh->min_width = sizeh->max_width = win.w;
          sizeh->min_height = sizeh->max_height = win.h;
      }
      if (xw.gm & (XValue | YValue)) {
          sizeh->flags |= USPosition | PWinGravity;
          sizeh->x = xw.l;
          sizeh->y = xw.t;
          sizeh->win_gravity = xgeommasktogravity(xw.gm);
      }
  
      XSetWMProperties(xw.dpy, xw.win, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, sizeh, &wm, &class);
      XFree(sizeh);
  }
  
  int xgeommasktogravity(int mask)
  {
      switch (mask & (XNegative | YNegative)) {
      case 0:
          return NorthWestGravity;
      case XNegative:
          return NorthEastGravity;
      case YNegative:
          return SouthWestGravity;
      }
  
      return SouthEastGravity;
  }
  
  int xloadfont(Font* f, FcPattern* pattern)
  {
      FcPattern* configured;
      FcPattern* match;
      FcResult result;
      XGlyphInfo extents;
      int wantattr, haveattr;
  
      /*
     * Manually configure instead of calling XftMatchFont
     * so that we can use the configured pattern for
     * "missing glyph" lookups.
     */
      configured = FcPatternDuplicate(pattern);
      if (!configured)
          return 1;
  
      FcConfigSubstitute(NULL, configured, FcMatchPattern);
      XftDefaultSubstitute(xw.dpy, xw.scr, configured);
  
      match = FcFontMatch(NULL, configured, &result);
      if (!match) {
          FcPatternDestroy(configured);
          return 1;
      }
  
      if (!(f->match = XftFontOpenPattern(xw.dpy, match))) {
          FcPatternDestroy(configured);
          FcPatternDestroy(match);
          return 1;
      }
  
      if ((XftPatternGetInteger(pattern, "slant", 0, &wantattr) == XftResultMatch)) {
          /*
       * Check if xft was unable to find a font with the appropriate
       * slant but gave us one anyway. Try to mitigate.
       */
          if ((XftPatternGetInteger(f->match->pattern, "slant", 0, &haveattr) != XftResultMatch) || haveattr < wantattr) {
              f->badslant = 1;
              fputs("font slant does not match\n", stderr);
          }
      }
  
      if ((XftPatternGetInteger(pattern, "weight", 0, &wantattr) == XftResultMatch)) {
          if ((XftPatternGetInteger(f->match->pattern, "weight", 0, &haveattr) != XftResultMatch) || haveattr != wantattr) {
              f->badweight = 1;
              fputs("font weight does not match\n", stderr);
          }
      }
  
      XftTextExtentsUtf8(xw.dpy, f->match, (const FcChar8*)ascii_printable,
          strlen(ascii_printable), &extents);
  
      f->set = NULL;
      f->pattern = configured;
  
      f->ascent = f->match->ascent;
      f->descent = f->match->descent;
      f->lbearing = 0;
      f->rbearing = f->match->max_advance_width;
  
      f->height = f->ascent + f->descent;
      f->width = DIVCEIL(extents.xOff, strlen(ascii_printable));
  
      return 0;
  }
  
  void xloadfonts(char* fontstr, double fontsize)
  {
      FcPattern* pattern;
      double fontval;
  
      if (fontstr[0] == '-')
          pattern = XftXlfdParse(fontstr, False, False);
      else
          pattern = FcNameParse((FcChar8*)fontstr);
  
      if (!pattern)
          die("can't open font %s\n", fontstr);
  
      if (fontsize > 1) {
          FcPatternDel(pattern, FC_PIXEL_SIZE);
          FcPatternDel(pattern, FC_SIZE);
          FcPatternAddDouble(pattern, FC_PIXEL_SIZE, (double)fontsize);
          usedfontsize = fontsize;
      } else {
          if (FcPatternGetDouble(pattern, FC_PIXEL_SIZE, 0, &fontval) == FcResultMatch) {
              usedfontsize = fontval;
          } else if (FcPatternGetDouble(pattern, FC_SIZE, 0, &fontval) == FcResultMatch) {
              usedfontsize = -1;
          } else {
              /*
         * Default font size is 12, if none given. This is to
         * have a known usedfontsize value.
         */
              FcPatternAddDouble(pattern, FC_PIXEL_SIZE, 12);
              usedfontsize = 12;
          }
          defaultfontsize = usedfontsize;
      }
  
      if (xloadfont(&dc.font, pattern))
          die("can't open font %s\n", fontstr);
  
      if (usedfontsize < 0) {
          FcPatternGetDouble(dc.font.match->pattern, FC_PIXEL_SIZE, 0, &fontval);
          usedfontsize = fontval;
          if (fontsize == 0)
              defaultfontsize = fontval;
      }
  
      /* Setting character width and height. */
      win.cw = ceilf(dc.font.width * cwscale);
      win.ch = ceilf(dc.font.height * chscale);
  
      FcPatternDel(pattern, FC_SLANT);
      FcPatternAddInteger(pattern, FC_SLANT, FC_SLANT_ITALIC);
      if (xloadfont(&dc.ifont, pattern))
          die("can't open font %s\n", fontstr);
  
      FcPatternDel(pattern, FC_WEIGHT);
      FcPatternAddInteger(pattern, FC_WEIGHT, FC_WEIGHT_BOLD);
      if (xloadfont(&dc.ibfont, pattern))
          die("can't open font %s\n", fontstr);
  
      FcPatternDel(pattern, FC_SLANT);
      FcPatternAddInteger(pattern, FC_SLANT, FC_SLANT_ROMAN);
      if (xloadfont(&dc.bfont, pattern))
          die("can't open font %s\n", fontstr);
  
      FcPatternDestroy(pattern);
  }
  
  void xunloadfont(Font* f)
  {
      XftFontClose(xw.dpy, f->match);
      FcPatternDestroy(f->pattern);
      if (f->set)
          FcFontSetDestroy(f->set);
  }
  
  void xunloadfonts(void)
  {
      /* Clear Harfbuzz font cache. */
      hbunloadfonts();
  
      /* Free the loaded fonts in the font cache.  */
      while (frclen > 0)
          XftFontClose(xw.dpy, frc[--frclen].font);
  
      xunloadfont(&dc.font);
      xunloadfont(&dc.bfont);
      xunloadfont(&dc.ifont);
      xunloadfont(&dc.ibfont);
  }
  
  int ximopen(Display* dpy)
  {
      XIMCallback imdestroy = { .client_data = NULL, .callback = ximdestroy };
      XICCallback icdestroy = { .client_data = NULL, .callback = xicdestroy };
  
      xw.ime.xim = XOpenIM(xw.dpy, NULL, NULL, NULL);
      if (xw.ime.xim == NULL)
          return 0;
  
      if (XSetIMValues(xw.ime.xim, XNDestroyCallback, &imdestroy, NULL))
          fprintf(stderr, "XSetIMValues: "
                          "Could not set XNDestroyCallback.\n");
  
      xw.ime.spotlist = XVaCreateNestedList(0, XNSpotLocation, &xw.ime.spot, NULL);
  
      if (xw.ime.xic == NULL) {
          xw.ime.xic = XCreateIC(xw.ime.xim, XNInputStyle,
              XIMPreeditNothing | XIMStatusNothing, XNClientWindow,
              xw.win, XNDestroyCallback, &icdestroy, NULL);
      }
      if (xw.ime.xic == NULL)
          fprintf(stderr, "XCreateIC: Could not create input context.\n");
  
      return 1;
  }
  
  void ximinstantiate(Display* dpy, XPointer client, XPointer call)
  {
      if (ximopen(dpy))
          XUnregisterIMInstantiateCallback(xw.dpy, NULL, NULL, NULL, ximinstantiate,
              NULL);
  }
  
  void ximdestroy(XIM xim, XPointer client, XPointer call)
  {
      xw.ime.xim = NULL;
      XRegisterIMInstantiateCallback(xw.dpy, NULL, NULL, NULL, ximinstantiate,
          NULL);
      XFree(xw.ime.spotlist);
  }
  
  int xicdestroy(XIC xim, XPointer client, XPointer call)
  {
      xw.ime.xic = NULL;
      return 1;
  }
  
  void xinit(int cols, int rows)
  {
      XGCValues gcvalues;
      Cursor cursor;
      Window parent;
      pid_t thispid = getpid();
      XColor xmousefg, xmousebg;
      XWindowAttributes attr;
      XVisualInfo vis;
      xw.scr = XDefaultScreen(xw.dpy);
  
      if (!(opt_embed && (parent = strtol(opt_embed, NULL, 0)))) {
          parent = XRootWindow(xw.dpy, xw.scr);
          xw.depth = 32;
      } else {
          XGetWindowAttributes(xw.dpy, parent, &attr);
          xw.depth = attr.depth;
      }
  
      XMatchVisualInfo(xw.dpy, xw.scr, xw.depth, TrueColor, &vis);
      xw.vis = vis.visual;
  
      /* font */
      if (!FcInit())
          die("could not init fontconfig.\n");
  
      usedfont = (opt_font == NULL) ? font : opt_font;
      xloadfonts(usedfont, 0);
      xloadsparefont();
      /* colors */
      xw.cmap = XCreateColormap(xw.dpy, parent, xw.vis, None);
  
      xloadcols();
  
      /* adjust fixed window geometry */
      win.w = 2 * win.hborderpx + cols * win.cw;
      win.h = 2 * win.vborderpx + rows * win.ch;
      if (xw.gm & XNegative)
          xw.l += DisplayWidth(xw.dpy, xw.scr) - win.w - 2;
      if (xw.gm & YNegative)
          xw.t += DisplayHeight(xw.dpy, xw.scr) - win.h - 2;
  
      /* Events */
      xw.attrs.background_pixel = dc.col[defaultbg].pixel;
      xw.attrs.border_pixel = dc.col[defaultbg].pixel;
      xw.attrs.bit_gravity = NorthWestGravity;
      xw.attrs.event_mask = FocusChangeMask | KeyPressMask | KeyReleaseMask | ExposureMask | VisibilityChangeMask | StructureNotifyMask | ButtonMotionMask | ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask;
      xw.attrs.colormap = xw.cmap;
  
      xw.win = XCreateWindow(xw.dpy, parent, xw.l, xw.t, win.w, win.h, 0, xw.depth,
          InputOutput, xw.vis,
          CWBackPixel | CWBorderPixel | CWBitGravity | CWEventMask | CWColormap,
          &xw.attrs);
  
      memset(&gcvalues, 0, sizeof(gcvalues));
      gcvalues.graphics_exposures = False;
      xw.buf = XCreatePixmap(xw.dpy, xw.win, win.w, win.h, xw.depth);
      dc.gc = XCreateGC(xw.dpy, xw.buf, GCGraphicsExposures, &gcvalues);
      XSetForeground(xw.dpy, dc.gc, dc.col[defaultbg].pixel);
      XFillRectangle(xw.dpy, xw.buf, dc.gc, 0, 0, win.w, win.h);
  
      /* font spec buffer */
      xw.specbuf = xmalloc(cols * sizeof(GlyphFontSpec));
  
      /* Xft rendering context */
      xw.draw = XftDrawCreate(xw.dpy, xw.buf, xw.vis, xw.cmap);
  
      /* input methods */
      if (!ximopen(xw.dpy)) {
          XRegisterIMInstantiateCallback(xw.dpy, NULL, NULL, NULL, ximinstantiate,
              NULL);
      }
  
      /* white cursor, black outline */
      cursor = XCreateFontCursor(xw.dpy, mouseshape);
      XDefineCursor(xw.dpy, xw.win, cursor);
  
      if (XParseColor(xw.dpy, xw.cmap, colorname[mousefg], &xmousefg) == 0) {
          xmousefg.red = 0xffff;
          xmousefg.green = 0xffff;
          xmousefg.blue = 0xffff;
      }
  
      if (XParseColor(xw.dpy, xw.cmap, colorname[mousebg], &xmousebg) == 0) {
          xmousebg.red = 0x0000;
          xmousebg.green = 0x0000;
          xmousebg.blue = 0x0000;
      }
  
      XRecolorCursor(xw.dpy, cursor, &xmousefg, &xmousebg);
  
      xw.xembed = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "_XEMBED", False);
      xw.wmdeletewin = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
      xw.netwmname = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
      XSetWMProtocols(xw.dpy, xw.win, &xw.wmdeletewin, 1);
  
      xw.netwmpid = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "_NET_WM_PID", False);
      XChangeProperty(xw.dpy, xw.win, xw.netwmpid, XA_CARDINAL, 32, PropModeReplace,
          (uchar*)&thispid, 1);
  
      win.mode = MODE_NUMLOCK;
      resettitle();
      xhints();
      XMapWindow(xw.dpy, xw.win);
      XSync(xw.dpy, False);
  
      clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &xsel.tclick1);
      clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &xsel.tclick2);
      xsel.primary = NULL;
      xsel.clipboard = NULL;
      xsel.xtarget = XInternAtom(xw.dpy, "UTF8_STRING", 0);
      if (xsel.xtarget == None)
          xsel.xtarget = XA_STRING;
  }
  
  int xmakeglyphfontspecs(XftGlyphFontSpec* specs, const Glyph* glyphs, int len,
      int x, int y)
  {
      float winx = win.hborderpx + x * win.cw, winy = win.vborderpx + y * win.ch,
            xp, yp;
      ushort mode, prevmode = USHRT_MAX;
      Font* font = &dc.font;
      int frcflags = FRC_NORMAL;
      float runewidth = win.cw;
      Rune rune;
      FT_UInt glyphidx;
      FcResult fcres;
      FcPattern *fcpattern, *fontpattern;
      FcFontSet* fcsets[] = { NULL };
      FcCharSet* fccharset;
      int i, f, numspecs = 0;
  
      for (i = 0, xp = winx, yp = winy + font->ascent; i < len; ++i) {
          /* Fetch rune and mode for current glyph. */
          rune = glyphs[i].u;
          mode = glyphs[i].mode;
  
          /* Skip dummy wide-character spacing. */
          if (mode & ATTR_WDUMMY)
              continue;
  
          /* Determine font for glyph if different from previous glyph. */
          if (prevmode != mode) {
              prevmode = mode;
              font = &dc.font;
              frcflags = FRC_NORMAL;
              runewidth = win.cw * ((mode & ATTR_WIDE) ? 2.0f : 1.0f);
              if ((mode & ATTR_ITALIC) && (mode & ATTR_BOLD)) {
                  font = &dc.ibfont;
                  frcflags = FRC_ITALICBOLD;
              } else if (mode & ATTR_ITALIC) {
                  font = &dc.ifont;
                  frcflags = FRC_ITALIC;
              } else if (mode & ATTR_BOLD) {
                  font = &dc.bfont;
                  frcflags = FRC_BOLD;
              }
              yp = winy + font->ascent;
          }
  
          /* Lookup character index with default font. */
          glyphidx = XftCharIndex(xw.dpy, font->match, rune);
          if (glyphidx) {
              specs[numspecs].font = font->match;
              specs[numspecs].glyph = glyphidx;
              specs[numspecs].x = (short)xp;
              specs[numspecs].y = (short)yp;
              xp += runewidth;
              numspecs++;
              continue;
          }
  
          /* Fallback on font cache, search the font cache for match. */
          for (f = 0; f < frclen; f++) {
              glyphidx = XftCharIndex(xw.dpy, frc[f].font, rune);
              /* Everything correct. */
              if (glyphidx && frc[f].flags == frcflags)
                  break;
              /* We got a default font for a not found glyph. */
              if (!glyphidx && frc[f].flags == frcflags && frc[f].unicodep == rune) {
                  break;
              }
          }
  
          /* Nothing was found. Use fontconfig to find matching font. */
          if (f >= frclen) {
              if (!font->set)
                  font->set = FcFontSort(0, font->pattern, 1, 0, &fcres);
              fcsets[0] = font->set;
  
              /*
         * Nothing was found in the cache. Now use
         * some dozen of Fontconfig calls to get the
         * font for one single character.
         *
         * Xft and fontconfig are design failures.
         */
              fcpattern = FcPatternDuplicate(font->pattern);
              fccharset = FcCharSetCreate();
  
              FcCharSetAddChar(fccharset, rune);
              FcPatternAddCharSet(fcpattern, FC_CHARSET, fccharset);
              FcPatternAddBool(fcpattern, FC_SCALABLE, 1);
  
              FcConfigSubstitute(0, fcpattern, FcMatchPattern);
              FcDefaultSubstitute(fcpattern);
  
              fontpattern = FcFontSetMatch(0, fcsets, 1, fcpattern, &fcres);
  
              /* Allocate memory for the new cache entry. */
              if (frclen >= frccap) {
                  frccap += 16;
                  frc = xrealloc(frc, frccap * sizeof(Fontcache));
              }
  
              frc[frclen].font = XftFontOpenPattern(xw.dpy, fontpattern);
              if (!frc[frclen].font)
                  die("XftFontOpenPattern failed seeking fallback font: %s\n",
                      strerror(errno));
              frc[frclen].flags = frcflags;
              frc[frclen].unicodep = rune;
  
              glyphidx = XftCharIndex(xw.dpy, frc[frclen].font, rune);
  
              f = frclen;
              frclen++;
  
              FcPatternDestroy(fcpattern);
              FcCharSetDestroy(fccharset);
          }
  
          specs[numspecs].font = frc[f].font;
          specs[numspecs].glyph = glyphidx;
          specs[numspecs].x = (short)xp;
          specs[numspecs].y = (short)yp;
          xp += runewidth;
          numspecs++;
      }
  
      /* Harfbuzz transformation for ligatures. */
      hbtransform(specs, glyphs, len, x, y);
  
      return numspecs;
  }
  
  void xdrawglyphfontspecs(const XftGlyphFontSpec* specs, Glyph base, int len,
      int x, int y)
  {
      int charlen = len * ((base.mode & ATTR_WIDE) ? 2 : 1);
      int winx = win.hborderpx + x * win.cw, winy = win.vborderpx + y * win.ch,
          width = charlen * win.cw;
      Color *fg, *bg, *temp, revfg, revbg, truefg, truebg;
      XRenderColor colfg, colbg;
      XRectangle r;
  
      /* Fallback on color display for attributes not supported by the font */
      if (base.mode & ATTR_ITALIC && base.mode & ATTR_BOLD) {
          if (dc.ibfont.badslant || dc.ibfont.badweight)
              base.fg = defaultattr;
      } else if ((base.mode & ATTR_ITALIC && dc.ifont.badslant) || (base.mode & ATTR_BOLD && dc.bfont.badweight)) {
          base.fg = defaultattr;
      }
  
      if (IS_TRUECOL(base.fg)) {
          colfg.alpha = 0xffff;
          colfg.red = TRUERED(base.fg);
          colfg.green = TRUEGREEN(base.fg);
          colfg.blue = TRUEBLUE(base.fg);
          XftColorAllocValue(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, &colfg, &truefg);
          fg = &truefg;
      } else {
          fg = &dc.col[base.fg];
      }
  
      if (IS_TRUECOL(base.bg)) {
          colbg.alpha = 0xffff;
          colbg.green = TRUEGREEN(base.bg);
          colbg.red = TRUERED(base.bg);
          colbg.blue = TRUEBLUE(base.bg);
          XftColorAllocValue(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, &colbg, &truebg);
          bg = &truebg;
      } else {
          bg = &dc.col[base.bg];
      }
  
      /* Change basic system colors [0-7] to bright system colors [8-15] */
      if ((base.mode & ATTR_BOLD_FAINT) == ATTR_BOLD && BETWEEN(base.fg, 0, 7))
          fg = &dc.col[base.fg];
  
      if (IS_SET(MODE_REVERSE)) {
          if (fg == &dc.col[defaultfg]) {
              fg = &dc.col[defaultbg];
          } else {
              colfg.red = ~fg->color.red;
              colfg.green = ~fg->color.green;
              colfg.blue = ~fg->color.blue;
              colfg.alpha = fg->color.alpha;
              XftColorAllocValue(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, &colfg, &revfg);
              fg = &revfg;
          }
  
          if (bg == &dc.col[defaultbg]) {
              bg = &dc.col[defaultfg];
          } else {
              colbg.red = ~bg->color.red;
              colbg.green = ~bg->color.green;
              colbg.blue = ~bg->color.blue;
              colbg.alpha = bg->color.alpha;
              XftColorAllocValue(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, &colbg, &revbg);
              bg = &revbg;
          }
      }
  
      if ((base.mode & ATTR_BOLD_FAINT) == ATTR_FAINT) {
          colfg.red = fg->color.red / 2;
          colfg.green = fg->color.green / 2;
          colfg.blue = fg->color.blue / 2;
          colfg.alpha = fg->color.alpha;
          XftColorAllocValue(xw.dpy, xw.vis, xw.cmap, &colfg, &revfg);
          fg = &revfg;
      }
  
      if (base.mode & ATTR_REVERSE) {
          temp = fg;
          fg = bg;
          bg = temp;
      }
  
      if (base.mode & ATTR_BLINK && win.mode & MODE_BLINK)
          fg = bg;
  
      if (base.mode & ATTR_INVISIBLE)
          fg = bg;
  
      // gradient
      /* bg->color.alpha = grad_alpha * 0xffff * (win.h - y * win.ch) / win.h + stat_alpha * 0xffff; */
      // uncomment to invert the gradient
      // bg->color.alpha = grad_alpha * 0xffff * (y*win.ch) / win.h + stat_alpha * 0xffff;
      /* Intelligent cleaning up of the borders. */
      if (x == 0) {
          xclear(0, (y == 0) ? 0 : winy, win.vborderpx,
              winy + win.ch + ((winy + win.ch >= win.vborderpx + win.th) ? win.h : 0));
      }
      if (winx + width >= win.hborderpx + win.tw) {
          xclear(
              winx + width, (y == 0) ? 0 : winy, win.w,
              ((winy + win.ch >= win.vborderpx + win.th) ? win.h : (winy + win.ch)));
      }
      if (y == 0)
          xclear(winx, 0, winx + width, win.hborderpx);
      if (winy + win.ch >= win.vborderpx + win.th)
          xclear(winx, winy + win.ch, winx + width, win.h);
  
      /* Clean up the region we want to draw to. */
      XftDrawRect(xw.draw, bg, winx, winy, width, win.ch);
  
      /* Set the clip region because Xft is sometimes dirty. */
      r.x = 0;
      r.y = 0;
      r.height = win.ch;
      r.width = width;
      XftDrawSetClipRectangles(xw.draw, winx, winy, &r, 1);
  
      /* Render the glyphs. */
      XftDrawGlyphFontSpec(xw.draw, fg, specs, len);
  
      /* Render underline and strikethrough. */
      if (base.mode & ATTR_UNDERLINE) {
          XftDrawRect(xw.draw, fg, winx, winy + dc.font.ascent + 1, width, 1);
      }
  
      if (base.mode & ATTR_STRUCK) {
          XftDrawRect(xw.draw, fg, winx, winy + 2 * dc.font.ascent / 3, width, 1);
      }
  
      /* Reset clip to none. */
      XftDrawSetClip(xw.draw, 0);
  }
  
  void xdrawglyph(Glyph g, int x, int y)
  {
      int numspecs;
      XftGlyphFontSpec spec;
  
      numspecs = xmakeglyphfontspecs(&spec, &g, 1, x, y);
      xdrawglyphfontspecs(&spec, g, numspecs, x, y);
  }
  
  void xdrawcursor(int cx, int cy, Glyph g, int ox, int oy, Glyph og, Line line,
      int len)
  {
      Color drawcol;
  
      /* remove the old cursor */
      if (selected(ox, oy))
          og.mode ^= ATTR_REVERSE;
  
      /* Redraw the line where cursor was previously.
     * It will restore the ligatures broken by the cursor. */
      xdrawline(line, 0, oy, len);
  
      if (IS_SET(MODE_HIDE))
          return;
  
      /*
     * Select the right color for the right mode.
     */
      g.mode &= ATTR_BOLD | ATTR_ITALIC | ATTR_UNDERLINE | ATTR_STRUCK | ATTR_WIDE;
  
      if (IS_SET(MODE_REVERSE)) {
          g.mode |= ATTR_REVERSE;
          g.bg = defaultfg;
          if (selected(cx, cy)) {
              drawcol = dc.col[defaultcs];
              g.fg = defaultrcs;
          } else {
              drawcol = dc.col[defaultrcs];
              g.fg = defaultcs;
          }
      } else {
          if (selected(cx, cy)) {
              g.fg = defaultfg;
              g.bg = defaultrcs;
          } else {
              g.fg = defaultbg;
              g.bg = defaultcs;
          }
          drawcol = dc.col[g.bg];
      }
  
      /* draw the new one */
      if (IS_SET(MODE_FOCUSED)) {
          switch (win.cursor) {
          case 7: /* st extension: snowman (U+2603) */
              g.u = 0x2603;
          case 0: /* Blinking Block */
          case 1: /* Blinking Block (Default) */
          case 2: /* Steady Block */
              xdrawglyph(g, cx, cy);
              break;
          case 3: /* Blinking Underline */
          case 4: /* Steady Underline */
              XftDrawRect(xw.draw, &drawcol, win.hborderpx + cx * win.cw,
                  win.vborderpx + (cy + 1) * win.ch - cursorthickness, win.cw,
                  cursorthickness);
              break;
          case 5: /* Blinking bar */
          case 6: /* Steady bar */
              XftDrawRect(xw.draw, &drawcol, win.hborderpx + cx * win.cw,
                  win.vborderpx + cy * win.ch, cursorthickness, win.ch);
              break;
          }
      } else {
          XftDrawRect(xw.draw, &drawcol, win.hborderpx + cx * win.cw,
              win.vborderpx + cy * win.ch, win.cw - 1, 1);
          XftDrawRect(xw.draw, &drawcol, win.hborderpx + cx * win.cw,
              win.vborderpx + cy * win.ch, 1, win.ch - 1);
          XftDrawRect(xw.draw, &drawcol, win.hborderpx + (cx + 1) * win.cw - 1,
              win.vborderpx + cy * win.ch, 1, win.ch - 1);
          XftDrawRect(xw.draw, &drawcol, win.hborderpx + cx * win.cw,
              win.vborderpx + (cy + 1) * win.ch - 1, win.cw, 1);
      }
  }
  
  void xsetenv(void)
  {
      char buf[sizeof(long) * 8 + 1];
  
      snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%lu", xw.win);
      setenv("WINDOWID", buf, 1);
  }
  
  void xsettitle(char* p)
  {
      XTextProperty prop;
      DEFAULT(p, opt_title);
  
      Xutf8TextListToTextProperty(xw.dpy, &p, 1, XUTF8StringStyle, &prop);
      XSetWMName(xw.dpy, xw.win, &prop);
      XSetTextProperty(xw.dpy, xw.win, &prop, xw.netwmname);
      XFree(prop.value);
  }
  
  int xstartdraw(void) { return IS_SET(MODE_VISIBLE); }
  
  void xdrawline(Line line, int x1, int y1, int x2)
  {
      int i, x, ox, numspecs;
      Glyph base, new;
      XftGlyphFontSpec* specs = xw.specbuf;
  
      numspecs = xmakeglyphfontspecs(specs, &line[x1], x2 - x1, x1, y1);
      i = ox = 0;
      for (x = x1; x < x2 && i < numspecs; x++) {
          new = line[x];
          if (new.mode == ATTR_WDUMMY)
              continue;
          if (selected(x, y1))
              new.mode ^= ATTR_REVERSE;
          if (i > 0 && ATTRCMP(base, new)) {
              xdrawglyphfontspecs(specs, base, i, ox, y1);
              specs += i;
              numspecs -= i;
              i = 0;
          }
          if (i == 0) {
              ox = x;
              base = new;
          }
          i++;
      }
      if (i > 0)
          xdrawglyphfontspecs(specs, base, i, ox, y1);
  }
  
  void xfinishdraw(void)
  {
      XCopyArea(xw.dpy, xw.buf, xw.win, dc.gc, 0, 0, win.w, win.h, 0, 0);
      XSetForeground(xw.dpy, dc.gc,
          dc.col[IS_SET(MODE_REVERSE) ? defaultfg : defaultbg].pixel);
  }
  
  void xximspot(int x, int y)
  {
      if (xw.ime.xic == NULL)
          return;
  
      xw.ime.spot.x = borderpx + x * win.cw;
      xw.ime.spot.y = borderpx + (y + 1) * win.ch;
  
      XSetICValues(xw.ime.xic, XNPreeditAttributes, xw.ime.spotlist, NULL);
  }
  
  void expose(XEvent* ev) { redraw(); }
  
  void visibility(XEvent* ev)
  {
      XVisibilityEvent* e = &ev->xvisibility;
  
      MODBIT(win.mode, e->state != VisibilityFullyObscured, MODE_VISIBLE);
  }
  
  void unmap(XEvent* ev) { win.mode &= ~MODE_VISIBLE; }
  
  void xsetpointermotion(int set)
  {
      MODBIT(xw.attrs.event_mask, set, PointerMotionMask);
      XChangeWindowAttributes(xw.dpy, xw.win, CWEventMask, &xw.attrs);
  }
  
  void xsetmode(int set, unsigned int flags)
  {
      int mode = win.mode;
      MODBIT(win.mode, set, flags);
      if ((win.mode & MODE_REVERSE) != (mode & MODE_REVERSE))
          redraw();
  }
  
  int xsetcursor(int cursor)
  {
      DEFAULT(cursor, 1);
      if (!BETWEEN(cursor, 0, 6))
          return 1;
      win.cursor = cursor;
      return 0;
  }
  
  void xseturgency(int add)
  {
      XWMHints* h = XGetWMHints(xw.dpy, xw.win);
  
      MODBIT(h->flags, add, XUrgencyHint);
      XSetWMHints(xw.dpy, xw.win, h);
      XFree(h);
  }
  
  void xbell(void)
  {
      if (!(IS_SET(MODE_FOCUSED)))
          xseturgency(1);
      if (bellvolume)
          XkbBell(xw.dpy, xw.win, bellvolume, (Atom)NULL);
  }
  
  void focus(XEvent* ev)
  {
      XFocusChangeEvent* e = &ev->xfocus;
  
      if (e->mode == NotifyGrab)
          return;
  
      if (ev->type == FocusIn) {
          if (xw.ime.xic)
              XSetICFocus(xw.ime.xic);
          win.mode |= MODE_FOCUSED;
          xseturgency(0);
          if (IS_SET(MODE_FOCUS))
              ttywrite("\033[I", 3, 0);
      } else {
          if (xw.ime.xic)
              XUnsetICFocus(xw.ime.xic);
          win.mode &= ~MODE_FOCUSED;
          if (IS_SET(MODE_FOCUS))
              ttywrite("\033[O", 3, 0);
      }
  }
  
  int match(uint mask, uint state)
  {
      return mask == XK_ANY_MOD || mask == (state & ~ignoremod);
  }
  
  char* kmap(KeySym k, uint state)
  {
      Key* kp;
      int i;
  
      /* Check for mapped keys out of X11 function keys. */
      for (i = 0; i < LEN(mappedkeys); i++) {
          if (mappedkeys[i] == k)
              break;
      }
      if (i == LEN(mappedkeys)) {
          if ((k & 0xFFFF) < 0xFD00)
              return NULL;
      }
  
      for (kp = key; kp < key + LEN(key); kp++) {
          if (kp->k != k)
              continue;
  
          if (!match(kp->mask, state))
              continue;
  
          if (IS_SET(MODE_APPKEYPAD) ? kp->appkey < 0 : kp->appkey > 0)
              continue;
          if (IS_SET(MODE_NUMLOCK) && kp->appkey == 2)
              continue;
  
          if (IS_SET(MODE_APPCURSOR) ? kp->appcursor < 0 : kp->appcursor > 0)
              continue;
  
          return kp->s;
      }
  
      return NULL;
  }
  
  void kpress(XEvent* ev)
  {
      XKeyEvent* e = &ev->xkey;
      KeySym ksym;
      char buf[64], *customkey;
      int len;
      Rune c;
      Status status;
      Shortcut* bp;
  
      if (IS_SET(MODE_KBDLOCK))
          return;
  
      if (xw.ime.xic)
          len = XmbLookupString(xw.ime.xic, e, buf, sizeof buf, &ksym, &status);
      else
          len = XLookupString(e, buf, sizeof buf, &ksym, NULL);
      /* 1. shortcuts */
      for (bp = shortcuts; bp < shortcuts + LEN(shortcuts); bp++) {
          if (ksym == bp->keysym && match(bp->mod, e->state)) {
              bp->func(&(bp->arg));
              return;
          }
      }
  
      /* 2. custom keys from config.h */
      if ((customkey = kmap(ksym, e->state))) {
          ttywrite(customkey, strlen(customkey), 1);
          return;
      }
  
      /* 3. composed string from input method */
      if (len == 0)
          return;
      if (len == 1 && e->state & Mod1Mask) {
          if (IS_SET(MODE_8BIT)) {
              if (*buf < 0177) {
                  c = *buf | 0x80;
                  len = utf8encode(c, buf);
              }
          } else {
              buf[1] = buf[0];
              buf[0] = '\033';
              len = 2;
          }
      }
      ttywrite(buf, len, 1);
  }
  
  void cmessage(XEvent* e)
  {
      /*
     * See xembed specs
     *  http://standards.freedesktop.org/xembed-spec/xembed-spec-latest.html
     */
      if (e->xclient.message_type == xw.xembed && e->xclient.format == 32) {
          if (e->xclient.data.l[1] == XEMBED_FOCUS_IN) {
              win.mode |= MODE_FOCUSED;
              xseturgency(0);
          } else if (e->xclient.data.l[1] == XEMBED_FOCUS_OUT) {
              win.mode &= ~MODE_FOCUSED;
          }
      } else if (e->xclient.data.l[0] == xw.wmdeletewin) {
          ttyhangup();
          exit(0);
      }
  }
  
  void resize(XEvent* e)
  {
      if (e->xconfigure.width == win.w && e->xconfigure.height == win.h)
          return;
  
      cresize(e->xconfigure.width, e->xconfigure.height);
  }
  
  void run(void)
  {
      XEvent ev;
      int w = win.w, h = win.h;
      fd_set rfd;
      int xfd = XConnectionNumber(xw.dpy), xev, blinkset = 0, dodraw = 0;
      int ttyfd;
      struct timespec drawtimeout, *tv = NULL, now, last, lastblink;
      long deltatime;
  
      /* Waiting for window mapping */
      do {
          XNextEvent(xw.dpy, &ev);
          /*
       * This XFilterEvent call is required because of XOpenIM. It
       * does filter out the key event and some client message for
       * the input method too.
       */
          if (XFilterEvent(&ev, None))
              continue;
          if (ev.type == ConfigureNotify) {
              w = ev.xconfigure.width;
              h = ev.xconfigure.height;
          }
      } while (ev.type != MapNotify);
  
      ttyfd = ttynew(opt_line, shell, opt_io, opt_cmd);
      cresize(w, h);
  
      clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &last);
      lastblink = last;
  
      for (xev = actionfps;;) {
          FD_ZERO(&rfd);
          FD_SET(ttyfd, &rfd);
          FD_SET(xfd, &rfd);
  
          if (pselect(MAX(xfd, ttyfd) + 1, &rfd, NULL, NULL, tv, NULL) < 0) {
              if (errno == EINTR)
                  continue;
              die("select failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
          }
          if (FD_ISSET(ttyfd, &rfd)) {
              ttyread();
              if (blinktimeout) {
                  blinkset = tattrset(ATTR_BLINK);
                  if (!blinkset)
                      MODBIT(win.mode, 0, MODE_BLINK);
              }
          }
  
          if (FD_ISSET(xfd, &rfd))
              xev = actionfps;
  
          clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
          drawtimeout.tv_sec = 0;
          drawtimeout.tv_nsec = (1000 * 1E6) / xfps;
          tv = &drawtimeout;
  
          dodraw = 0;
          if (blinktimeout && TIMEDIFF(now, lastblink) > blinktimeout) {
              tsetdirtattr(ATTR_BLINK);
              win.mode ^= MODE_BLINK;
              lastblink = now;
              dodraw = 1;
          }
          deltatime = TIMEDIFF(now, last);
          if (deltatime > 1000 / (xev ? xfps : actionfps)) {
              dodraw = 1;
              last = now;
          }
  
          if (dodraw) {
              while (XPending(xw.dpy)) {
                  XNextEvent(xw.dpy, &ev);
                  if (XFilterEvent(&ev, None))
                      continue;
                  if (handler[ev.type])
                      (handler[ev.type])(&ev);
              }
  
              draw();
              XFlush(xw.dpy);
  
              if (xev && !FD_ISSET(xfd, &rfd))
                  xev--;
              if (!FD_ISSET(ttyfd, &rfd) && !FD_ISSET(xfd, &rfd)) {
                  if (blinkset) {
                      if (TIMEDIFF(now, lastblink) > blinktimeout) {
                          drawtimeout.tv_nsec = 1000;
                      } else {
                          drawtimeout.tv_nsec = (1E6 * (blinktimeout - TIMEDIFF(now, lastblink)));
                      }
                      drawtimeout.tv_sec = drawtimeout.tv_nsec / 1E9;
                      drawtimeout.tv_nsec %= (long)1E9;
                  } else {
                      tv = NULL;
                  }
              }
          }
      }
  }
  
  int resource_load(XrmDatabase db, char* name, enum resource_type rtype,
      void* dst)
  {
      char** sdst = dst;
      int* idst = dst;
      float* fdst = dst;
  
      char fullname[256];
      char fullclass[256];
      char* type;
      XrmValue ret;
  
      snprintf(fullname, sizeof(fullname), "%s.%s", opt_name ? opt_name : "st",
          name);
      snprintf(fullclass, sizeof(fullclass), "%s.%s", opt_class ? opt_class : "St",
          name);
      fullname[sizeof(fullname) - 1] = fullclass[sizeof(fullclass) - 1] = '\0';
  
      XrmGetResource(db, fullname, fullclass, &type, &ret);
      if (ret.addr == NULL || strncmp("String", type, 64))
          return 1;
  
      switch (rtype) {
      case STRING:
          *sdst = ret.addr;
          break;
      case INTEGER:
          *idst = strtoul(ret.addr, NULL, 10);
          break;
      case FLOAT:
          *fdst = strtof(ret.addr, NULL);
          break;
      }
      return 0;
  }
  
  void config_init(void)
  {
      char* resm;
      XrmDatabase db;
      ResourcePref* p;
  
      XrmInitialize();
      resm = XResourceManagerString(xw.dpy);
      if (!resm)
          return;
  
      db = XrmGetStringDatabase(resm);
      for (p = resources; p < resources + LEN(resources); p++)
          resource_load(db, p->name, p->type, p->dst);
  }
  
  void usage(void)
  {
      die("usage: %s [-aiv] [-c class] [-f font] [-g geometry]"
          " [-n name] [-o file]\n"
          "          [-T title] [-t title] [-w windowid]"
          " [[-e] command [args ...]]\n"
          "       %s [-aiv] [-c class] [-f font] [-g geometry]"
          " [-n name] [-o file]\n"
          "          [-T title] [-t title] [-w windowid] -l line"
          " [stty_args ...]\n",
          argv0, argv0);
  }
  
  int main(int argc, char* argv[])
  {
      xw.l = xw.t = 0;
      xw.isfixed = False;
      win.cursor = cursorshape;
  
      ARGBEGIN
      {
      case 'a':
          allowaltscreen = 0;
          break;
      case 'A':
          opt_alpha = EARGF(usage());
          break;
      case 'c':
          opt_class = EARGF(usage());
          break;
      case 'e':
          if (argc > 0)
              --argc, ++argv;
          goto run;
      case 'f':
          opt_font = EARGF(usage());
          break;
      case 'g':
          xw.gm = XParseGeometry(EARGF(usage()), &xw.l, &xw.t, &cols, &rows);
          break;
      case 'i':
          xw.isfixed = 1;
          break;
      case 'o':
          opt_io = EARGF(usage());
          break;
      case 'l':
          opt_line = EARGF(usage());
          break;
      case 'n':
          opt_name = EARGF(usage());
          break;
      case 't':
      case 'T':
          opt_title = EARGF(usage());
          break;
      case 'w':
          opt_embed = EARGF(usage());
          break;
      case 'v':
          die("%s " VERSION "\n", argv0);
          break;
      default:
          usage();
      }
      ARGEND;
  
  run:
      if (argc > 0) /* eat all remaining arguments */
          opt_cmd = argv;
  
      if (!opt_title)
          opt_title = (opt_line || !opt_cmd) ? "st" : opt_cmd[0];
  
      setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
      XSetLocaleModifiers("");
  
      if (!(xw.dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
          die("Can't open display\n");
  
      config_init();
      cols = MAX(cols, 1);
      rows = MAX(rows, 1);
      tnew(cols, rows);
      xinit(cols, rows);
      xsetenv();
      selinit();
      run();
  
      return 0;
  }
  