text: #ifndef _ADAFRUIT_GFX_H
  #define _ADAFRUIT_GFX_H
  
  #if ARDUINO >= 100
  #include "Arduino.h"
  #include "Print.h"
  #else
  //#include "WProgram.h"
  #include "stdint.h"
  #include <String.h>
  #endif
  #include "gfxfont.h"
  
  /// A generic graphics superclass that can handle all sorts of drawing. At a
  /// minimum you can subclass and provide drawPixel(). At a maximum you can do a
  /// ton of overriding to optimize. Used for any/all Adafruit displays!
  #if ARDUINO >= 100
  class Adafruit_GFX : public Print {
  #else
  class Adafruit_GFX {
  #endif
  public:
    Adafruit_GFX(int16_t w, int16_t h); // Constructor
  
    /**********************************************************************/
    /*!
      @brief  Draw to the screen/framebuffer/etc.
      Must be overridden in subclass.
      @param  x    X coordinate in pixels
      @param  y    Y coordinate in pixels
      @param color  16-bit pixel color.
    */
    /**********************************************************************/
    virtual void drawPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t color) = 0;
  
    // TRANSACTION API / CORE DRAW API
    // These MAY be overridden by the subclass to provide device-specific
    // optimized code.  Otherwise 'generic' versions are used.
    virtual void startWrite(void);
    virtual void writePixel(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t color);
    virtual void writeFillRect(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t w, int16_t h,
                               uint16_t color);
    virtual void writeFastVLine(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t h, uint16_t color);
    virtual void writeFastHLine(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t w, uint16_t color);
    virtual void writeLine(int16_t x0, int16_t y0, int16_t x1, int16_t y1,
                           uint16_t color);
    virtual void endWrite(void);
  
    // CONTROL API
    // These MAY be overridden by the subclass to provide device-specific
    // optimized code.  Otherwise 'generic' versions are used.
    virtual void setRotation(uint8_t r);
    virtual void invertDisplay(bool i);
  
    // BASIC DRAW API
    // These MAY be overridden by the subclass to provide device-specific
    // optimized code.  Otherwise 'generic' versions are used.
  
    // It's good to implement those, even if using transaction API
    virtual void drawFastVLine(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t h, uint16_t color);
    virtual void drawFastHLine(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t w, uint16_t color);
    virtual void fillRect(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t w, int16_t h,
                          uint16_t color);
    virtual void fillScreen(uint16_t color);
    // Optional and probably not necessary to change
    virtual void drawLine(int16_t x0, int16_t y0, int16_t x1, int16_t y1,
                          uint16_t color);
    virtual void drawRect(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t w, int16_t h,
                          uint16_t color);
  
    // These exist only with Adafruit_GFX (no subclass overrides)
    void drawCircle(int16_t x0, int16_t y0, int16_t r, uint16_t color);
    void drawCircleHelper(int16_t x0, int16_t y0, int16_t r, uint8_t cornername,
                          uint16_t color);
    void fillCircle(int16_t x0, int16_t y0, int16_t r, uint16_t color);
    void fillCircleHelper(int16_t x0, int16_t y0, int16_t r, uint8_t cornername,
                          int16_t delta, uint16_t color);
    void drawTriangle(int16_t x0, int16_t y0, int16_t x1, int16_t y1, int16_t x2,
                      int16_t y2, uint16_t color);
    void fillTriangle(int16_t x0, int16_t y0, int16_t x1, int16_t y1, int16_t x2,
                      int16_t y2, uint16_t color);
    void drawRoundRect(int16_t x0, int16_t y0, int16_t w, int16_t h,
                       int16_t radius, uint16_t color);
    void fillRoundRect(int16_t x0, int16_t y0, int16_t w, int16_t h,
                       int16_t radius, uint16_t color);
    void drawBitmap(int16_t x, int16_t y, const uint8_t bitmap[], int16_t w,
                    int16_t h, uint16_t color);
    void drawBitmap(int16_t x, int16_t y, const uint8_t bitmap[], int16_t w,
                    int16_t h, uint16_t color, uint16_t bg);
    void drawBitmap(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint8_t *bitmap, int16_t w, int16_t h,
                    uint16_t color);
    void drawBitmap(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint8_t *bitmap, int16_t w, int16_t h,
                    uint16_t color, uint16_t bg);
    void drawXBitmap(int16_t x, int16_t y, const uint8_t bitmap[], int16_t w,
                     int16_t h, uint16_t color);
    void drawGrayscaleBitmap(int16_t x, int16_t y, const uint8_t bitmap[],
                             int16_t w, int16_t h);
    void drawGrayscaleBitmap(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint8_t *bitmap, int16_t w,
                             int16_t h);
    void drawGrayscaleBitmap(int16_t x, int16_t y, const uint8_t bitmap[],
                             const uint8_t mask[], int16_t w, int16_t h);
    void drawGrayscaleBitmap(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint8_t *bitmap, uint8_t *mask,
                             int16_t w, int16_t h);
    void drawRGBBitmap(int16_t x, int16_t y, const uint16_t bitmap[], int16_t w,
                       int16_t h);
    void drawRGBBitmap(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t *bitmap, int16_t w,
                       int16_t h);
    void drawRGBBitmap(int16_t x, int16_t y, const uint16_t bitmap[],
                       const uint8_t mask[], int16_t w, int16_t h);
    void drawRGBBitmap(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t *bitmap, uint8_t *mask,
                       int16_t w, int16_t h);
    void drawChar(int16_t x, int16_t y, unsigned char c, uint16_t color,
                  uint16_t bg, uint8_t size);
    void drawChar(int16_t x, int16_t y, unsigned char c, uint16_t color,
                  uint16_t bg, uint8_t size_x, uint8_t size_y);
    void getTextBounds(const char *string, int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t *x1,
                       int16_t *y1, uint16_t *w, uint16_t *h);
  #if ARDUINO > 100
    void getTextBounds(const __FlashStringHelper *s, int16_t x, int16_t y,
                       int16_t *x1, int16_t *y1, uint16_t *w, uint16_t *h);
  
    void getTextBounds(const String &str, int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t *x1,
                       int16_t *y1, uint16_t *w, uint16_t *h);
  #endif
    void setTextSize(uint8_t s);
    void setTextSize(uint8_t sx, uint8_t sy);
    void setFont(const GFXfont *f = NULL);
  
    /**********************************************************************/
    /*!
      @brief  Set text cursor location
      @param  x    X coordinate in pixels
      @param  y    Y coordinate in pixels
    */
    /**********************************************************************/
    void setCursor(int16_t x, int16_t y) {
      cursor_x = x;
      cursor_y = y;
    }
  
    /**********************************************************************/
    /*!
      @brief   Set text font color with transparant background
      @param   c   16-bit 5-6-5 Color to draw text with
      @note    For 'transparent' background, background and foreground
               are set to same color rather than using a separate flag.
    */
    /**********************************************************************/
    void setTextColor(uint16_t c) { textcolor = textbgcolor = c; }
  
    /**********************************************************************/
    /*!
      @brief   Set text font color with custom background color
      @param   c   16-bit 5-6-5 Color to draw text with
      @param   bg  16-bit 5-6-5 Color to draw background/fill with
    */
    /**********************************************************************/
    void setTextColor(uint16_t c, uint16_t bg) {
      textcolor = c;
      textbgcolor = bg;
    }
  
    /**********************************************************************/
    /*!
    @brief  Set whether text that is too long for the screen width should
            automatically wrap around to the next line (else clip right).
    @param  w  true for wrapping, false for clipping
    */
    /**********************************************************************/
    void setTextWrap(bool w) { wrap = w; }
  
    /**********************************************************************/
    /*!
      @brief  Enable (or disable) Code Page 437-compatible charset.
              There was an error in glcdfont.c for the longest time -- one
              character (#176, the 'light shade' block) was missing -- this
              threw off the index of every character that followed it.
              But a TON of code has been written with the erroneous
              character indices. By default, the library uses the original
              'wrong' behavior and old sketches will still work. Pass
              'true' to this function to use correct CP437 character values
              in your code.
      @param  x  true = enable (new behavior), false = disable (old behavior)
    */
    /**********************************************************************/
    void cp437(bool x = true) { _cp437 = x; }
  
  
  #if ARDUINO >= 100
    using Print::write;
    virtual size_t write(uint8_t);
  #else
    void print(const char* str) {
      while(*str != 0) {
          this->write(*str++);
      }
    }
    virtual size_t write(uint8_t);
  #endif
  
    /************************************************************************/
    /*!
      @brief      Get width of the display, accounting for current rotation
      @returns    Width in pixels
    */
    /************************************************************************/
    int16_t width(void) const { return _width; };
  
    /************************************************************************/
    /*!
      @brief      Get height of the display, accounting for current rotation
      @returns    Height in pixels
    */
    /************************************************************************/
    int16_t height(void) const { return _height; }
  
    /************************************************************************/
    /*!
      @brief      Get rotation setting for display
      @returns    0 thru 3 corresponding to 4 cardinal rotations
    */
    /************************************************************************/
    uint8_t getRotation(void) const { return rotation; }
  
    // get current cursor position (get rotation safe maximum values,
    // using: width() for x, height() for y)
    /************************************************************************/
    /*!
      @brief  Get text cursor X location
      @returns    X coordinate in pixels
    */
    /************************************************************************/
    int16_t getCursorX(void) const { return cursor_x; }
  
    /************************************************************************/
    /*!
      @brief      Get text cursor Y location
      @returns    Y coordinate in pixels
    */
    /************************************************************************/
    int16_t getCursorY(void) const { return cursor_y; };
  
  protected:
    void charBounds(unsigned char c, int16_t *x, int16_t *y, int16_t *minx,
                    int16_t *miny, int16_t *maxx, int16_t *maxy);
    int16_t WIDTH;        ///< This is the 'raw' display width - never changes
    int16_t HEIGHT;       ///< This is the 'raw' display height - never changes
    int16_t _width;       ///< Display width as modified by current rotation
    int16_t _height;      ///< Display height as modified by current rotation
    int16_t cursor_x;     ///< x location to start print()ing text
    int16_t cursor_y;     ///< y location to start print()ing text
    uint16_t textcolor;   ///< 16-bit background color for print()
    uint16_t textbgcolor; ///< 16-bit text color for print()
    uint8_t textsize_x;   ///< Desired magnification in X-axis of text to print()
    uint8_t textsize_y;   ///< Desired magnification in Y-axis of text to print()
    uint8_t rotation;     ///< Display rotation (0 thru 3)
    bool wrap;            ///< If set, 'wrap' text at right edge of display
    bool _cp437;          ///< If set, use correct CP437 charset (default is off)
    GFXfont *gfxFont;     ///< Pointer to special font
  };
  
  /// A simple drawn button UI element
  class Adafruit_GFX_Button {
  
  public:
    Adafruit_GFX_Button(void);
    // "Classic" initButton() uses center & size
    void initButton(Adafruit_GFX *gfx, int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t w,
                    uint16_t h, uint16_t outline, uint16_t fill,
                    uint16_t textcolor, char *label, uint8_t textsize);
    void initButton(Adafruit_GFX *gfx, int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t w,
                    uint16_t h, uint16_t outline, uint16_t fill,
                    uint16_t textcolor, char *label, uint8_t textsize_x,
                    uint8_t textsize_y);
    // New/alt initButton() uses upper-left corner & size
    void initButtonUL(Adafruit_GFX *gfx, int16_t x1, int16_t y1, uint16_t w,
                      uint16_t h, uint16_t outline, uint16_t fill,
                      uint16_t textcolor, char *label, uint8_t textsize);
    void initButtonUL(Adafruit_GFX *gfx, int16_t x1, int16_t y1, uint16_t w,
                      uint16_t h, uint16_t outline, uint16_t fill,
                      uint16_t textcolor, char *label, uint8_t textsize_x,
                      uint8_t textsize_y);
    void drawButton(bool inverted = false);
    bool contains(int16_t x, int16_t y);
  
    /**********************************************************************/
    /*!
      @brief    Sets button state, should be done by some touch function
      @param    p  True for pressed, false for not.
    */
    /**********************************************************************/
    void press(bool p) {
      laststate = currstate;
      currstate = p;
    }
  
    bool justPressed();
    bool justReleased();
  
    /**********************************************************************/
    /*!
      @brief    Query whether the button is currently pressed
      @returns  True if pressed
    */
    /**********************************************************************/
    bool isPressed(void) { return currstate; };
  
  private:
    Adafruit_GFX *_gfx;
    int16_t _x1, _y1; // Coordinates of top-left corner
    uint16_t _w, _h;
    uint8_t _textsize_x;
    uint8_t _textsize_y;
    uint16_t _outlinecolor, _fillcolor, _textcolor;
    char _label[10];
  
    bool currstate, laststate;
  };
  
  /// A GFX 1-bit canvas context for graphics
  class GFXcanvas1 : public Adafruit_GFX {
  public:
    GFXcanvas1(uint16_t w, uint16_t h);
    ~GFXcanvas1(void);
    void drawPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t color);
    void fillScreen(uint16_t color);
    void drawFastVLine(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t h, uint16_t color);
    void drawFastHLine(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t w, uint16_t color);
    bool getPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y) const;
    /**********************************************************************/
    /*!
      @brief    Get a pointer to the internal buffer memory
      @returns  A pointer to the allocated buffer
    */
    /**********************************************************************/
    uint8_t *getBuffer(void) const { return buffer; }
  
  protected:
    bool getRawPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y) const;
    void drawFastRawVLine(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t h, uint16_t color);
    void drawFastRawHLine(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t w, uint16_t color);
  
  private:
    uint8_t *buffer;
  
  #ifdef __AVR__
    // Bitmask tables of 0x80>>X and ~(0x80>>X), because X>>Y is slow on AVR
    static const uint8_t PROGMEM GFXsetBit[], GFXclrBit[];
  #endif
  };
  
  /// A GFX 8-bit canvas context for graphics
  class GFXcanvas8 : public Adafruit_GFX {
  public:
    GFXcanvas8(uint16_t w, uint16_t h);
    ~GFXcanvas8(void);
    void drawPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t color);
    void fillScreen(uint16_t color);
    void drawFastVLine(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t h, uint16_t color);
    void drawFastHLine(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t w, uint16_t color);
    uint8_t getPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y) const;
    /**********************************************************************/
    /*!
     @brief    Get a pointer to the internal buffer memory
     @returns  A pointer to the allocated buffer
    */
    /**********************************************************************/
    uint8_t *getBuffer(void) const { return buffer; }
  
  protected:
    uint8_t getRawPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y) const;
    void drawFastRawVLine(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t h, uint16_t color);
    void drawFastRawHLine(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t w, uint16_t color);
  
  private:
    uint8_t *buffer;
  };
  
  ///  A GFX 16-bit canvas context for graphics
  class GFXcanvas16 : public Adafruit_GFX {
  public:
    GFXcanvas16(uint16_t w, uint16_t h);
    ~GFXcanvas16(void);
    void drawPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t color);
    void fillScreen(uint16_t color);
    void byteSwap(void);
    void drawFastVLine(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t h, uint16_t color);
    void drawFastHLine(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t w, uint16_t color);
    uint16_t getPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y) const;
    /**********************************************************************/
    /*!
      @brief    Get a pointer to the internal buffer memory
      @returns  A pointer to the allocated buffer
    */
    /**********************************************************************/
    uint16_t *getBuffer(void) const { return buffer; }
  
  protected:
    uint16_t getRawPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y) const;
    void drawFastRawVLine(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t h, uint16_t color);
    void drawFastRawHLine(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t w, uint16_t color);
  
  private:
    uint16_t *buffer;
  };
  
  #endif // _ADAFRUIT_GFX_H
  