text: // Tencent is pleased to support the open source community by making RapidJSON available.
  //
  // Copyright (C) 2015 THL A29 Limited, a Tencent company, and Milo Yip. All rights reserved.
  //
  // Licensed under the MIT License (the "License"); you may not use this file except
  // in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
  //
  // http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
  //
  // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed
  // under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR
  // CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
  // specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
  
  #include "unittest.h"
  
  #include "rapidjson/reader.h"
  #include "rapidjson/internal/dtoa.h"
  #include "rapidjson/internal/itoa.h"
  #include "rapidjson/memorystream.h"
  
  #include <limits>
  
  using namespace rapidjson;
  
  RAPIDJSON_DIAG_PUSH
  #ifdef __GNUC__
  RAPIDJSON_DIAG_OFF(effc++)
  RAPIDJSON_DIAG_OFF(float-equal)
  RAPIDJSON_DIAG_OFF(missing-noreturn)
  #if __GNUC__ >= 7
  RAPIDJSON_DIAG_OFF(dangling-else)
  #endif
  #endif // __GNUC__
  
  #ifdef __clang__
  RAPIDJSON_DIAG_OFF(variadic-macros)
  RAPIDJSON_DIAG_OFF(c++98-compat-pedantic)
  #endif
  
  template<bool expect>
  struct ParseBoolHandler : BaseReaderHandler<UTF8<>, ParseBoolHandler<expect> > {
      ParseBoolHandler() : step_(0) {}
      bool Default() { ADD_FAILURE(); return false; }
      // gcc 4.8.x generates warning in EXPECT_EQ(bool, bool) on this gtest version.
      // Workaround with EXPECT_TRUE().
      bool Bool(bool b) { /*EXPECT_EQ(expect, b); */EXPECT_TRUE(expect == b);  ++step_; return true; }
  
      unsigned step_;
  };
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseTrue) {
      StringStream s("true");
      ParseBoolHandler<true> h;
      Reader reader;
      reader.Parse(s, h);
      EXPECT_EQ(1u, h.step_);
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseFalse) {
      StringStream s("false");
      ParseBoolHandler<false> h;
      Reader reader;
      reader.Parse(s, h);
      EXPECT_EQ(1u, h.step_);
  }
  
  struct ParseIntHandler : BaseReaderHandler<UTF8<>, ParseIntHandler> {
      ParseIntHandler() : step_(0), actual_() {}
      bool Default() { ADD_FAILURE(); return false; }
      bool Int(int i) { actual_ = i; step_++; return true; }
  
      unsigned step_;
      int actual_;
  };
  
  struct ParseUintHandler : BaseReaderHandler<UTF8<>, ParseUintHandler> {
      ParseUintHandler() : step_(0), actual_() {}
      bool Default() { ADD_FAILURE(); return false; }
      bool Uint(unsigned i) { actual_ = i; step_++; return true; }
  
      unsigned step_;
      unsigned actual_;
  };
  
  struct ParseInt64Handler : BaseReaderHandler<UTF8<>, ParseInt64Handler> {
      ParseInt64Handler() : step_(0), actual_() {}
      bool Default() { ADD_FAILURE(); return false; }
      bool Int64(int64_t i) { actual_ = i; step_++; return true; }
  
      unsigned step_;
      int64_t actual_;
  };
  
  struct ParseUint64Handler : BaseReaderHandler<UTF8<>, ParseUint64Handler> {
      ParseUint64Handler() : step_(0), actual_() {}
      bool Default() { ADD_FAILURE(); return false; }
      bool Uint64(uint64_t i) { actual_ = i; step_++; return true; }
  
      unsigned step_;
      uint64_t actual_;
  };
  
  struct ParseDoubleHandler : BaseReaderHandler<UTF8<>, ParseDoubleHandler> {
      ParseDoubleHandler() : step_(0), actual_() {}
      bool Default() { ADD_FAILURE(); return false; }
      bool Double(double d) { actual_ = d; step_++; return true; }
  
      unsigned step_;
      double actual_;
  };
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseNumber_Integer) {
  #define TEST_INTEGER(Handler, str, x) \
      { \
          StringStream s(str); \
          Handler h; \
          Reader reader; \
          reader.Parse(s, h); \
          EXPECT_EQ(1u, h.step_); \
          EXPECT_EQ(x, h.actual_); \
      }
  
      TEST_INTEGER(ParseUintHandler, "0", 0u);
      TEST_INTEGER(ParseUintHandler, "123", 123u);
      TEST_INTEGER(ParseUintHandler, "2147483648", 2147483648u);       // 2^31 - 1 (cannot be stored in int)
      TEST_INTEGER(ParseUintHandler, "4294967295", 4294967295u);
  
      TEST_INTEGER(ParseIntHandler, "-123", -123);
      TEST_INTEGER(ParseIntHandler, "-2147483648", static_cast<int32_t>(0x80000000));     // -2^31 (min of int)
  
      TEST_INTEGER(ParseUint64Handler, "4294967296", RAPIDJSON_UINT64_C2(1, 0));   // 2^32 (max of unsigned + 1, force to use uint64_t)
      TEST_INTEGER(ParseUint64Handler, "18446744073709551615", RAPIDJSON_UINT64_C2(0xFFFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFFFF));   // 2^64 - 1 (max of uint64_t)
  
      TEST_INTEGER(ParseInt64Handler, "-2147483649", static_cast<int64_t>(RAPIDJSON_UINT64_C2(0xFFFFFFFF, 0x7FFFFFFF)));   // -2^31 -1 (min of int - 1, force to use int64_t)
      TEST_INTEGER(ParseInt64Handler, "-9223372036854775808", static_cast<int64_t>(RAPIDJSON_UINT64_C2(0x80000000, 0x00000000)));       // -2^63 (min of int64_t)
  
      // Random test for uint32_t/int32_t
      {
          union {
              uint32_t u;
              int32_t i;
          }u;
          Random r;
  
          for (unsigned i = 0; i < 100000; i++) {
              u.u = r();
  
              char buffer[32];
              *internal::u32toa(u.u, buffer) = '\0';
              TEST_INTEGER(ParseUintHandler, buffer, u.u);
  
              if (u.i < 0) {
                  *internal::i32toa(u.i, buffer) = '\0';
                  TEST_INTEGER(ParseIntHandler, buffer, u.i);
              }
          }
      }
  
      // Random test for uint64_t/int64_t
      {
          union {
              uint64_t u;
              int64_t i;
          }u;
          Random r;
  
          for (unsigned i = 0; i < 100000; i++) {
              u.u = uint64_t(r()) << 32;
              u.u |= r();
  
              char buffer[32];
              if (u.u > uint64_t(4294967295u)) {
                  *internal::u64toa(u.u, buffer) = '\0';
                  TEST_INTEGER(ParseUint64Handler, buffer, u.u);
              }
  
              if (u.i < -int64_t(2147483648u)) {
                  *internal::i64toa(u.i, buffer) = '\0';
                  TEST_INTEGER(ParseInt64Handler, buffer, u.i);
              }
          }
      }
  #undef TEST_INTEGER
  }
  
  template<bool fullPrecision>
  static void TestParseDouble() {
  #define TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, str, x) \
      { \
          StringStream s(str); \
          ParseDoubleHandler h; \
          Reader reader; \
          ASSERT_EQ(kParseErrorNone, reader.Parse<fullPrecision ? kParseFullPrecisionFlag : 0>(s, h).Code()); \
          EXPECT_EQ(1u, h.step_); \
          internal::Double e(x), a(h.actual_); \
          if (fullPrecision) { \
              EXPECT_EQ(e.Uint64Value(), a.Uint64Value()); \
              if (e.Uint64Value() != a.Uint64Value()) \
                  printf("  String: %s\n  Actual: %.17g\nExpected: %.17g\n", str, h.actual_, x); \
          } \
          else { \
              EXPECT_EQ(e.Sign(), a.Sign()); /* for 0.0 != -0.0 */ \
              EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(x, h.actual_); \
          } \
      }
  
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "0.0", 0.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "-0.0", -0.0); // For checking issue #289
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "0e100", 0.0); // For checking issue #1249
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1.0", 1.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "-1.0", -1.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1.5", 1.5);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "-1.5", -1.5);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "3.1416", 3.1416);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1E10", 1E10);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1e10", 1e10);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1E+10", 1E+10);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1E-10", 1E-10);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "-1E10", -1E10);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "-1e10", -1e10);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "-1E+10", -1E+10);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "-1E-10", -1E-10);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1.234E+10", 1.234E+10);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1.234E-10", 1.234E-10);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1.79769e+308", 1.79769e+308);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "2.22507e-308", 2.22507e-308);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "-1.79769e+308", -1.79769e+308);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "-2.22507e-308", -2.22507e-308);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "4.9406564584124654e-324", 4.9406564584124654e-324); // minimum denormal
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "2.2250738585072009e-308", 2.2250738585072009e-308); // Max subnormal double
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "2.2250738585072014e-308", 2.2250738585072014e-308); // Min normal positive double
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1.7976931348623157e+308", 1.7976931348623157e+308); // Max double
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1e-10000", 0.0);                                    // must underflow
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "18446744073709551616", 18446744073709551616.0);     // 2^64 (max of uint64_t + 1, force to use double)
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "-9223372036854775809", -9223372036854775809.0);     // -2^63 - 1(min of int64_t + 1, force to use double)
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "0.9868011474609375", 0.9868011474609375);           // https://github.com/Tencent/rapidjson/issues/120
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "123e34", 123e34);                                   // Fast Path Cases In Disguise
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "45913141877270640000.0", 45913141877270640000.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "2.2250738585072011e-308", 2.2250738585072011e-308); // http://www.exploringbinary.com/php-hangs-on-numeric-value-2-2250738585072011e-308/
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1e-00011111111111", 0.0);                           // Issue #313
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "-1e-00011111111111", -0.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1e-214748363", 0.0);                                  // Maximum supported negative exponent
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1e-214748364", 0.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1e-21474836311", 0.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1.00000000001e-2147483638", 0.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "0.017976931348623157e+310", 1.7976931348623157e+308); // Max double in another form
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "128.74836467836484838364836483643636483648e-336", 0.0); // Issue #1251
  
      // Since
      // abs((2^-1022 - 2^-1074) - 2.2250738585072012e-308) = 3.109754131239141401123495768877590405345064751974375599... x 10^-324
      // abs((2^-1022) - 2.2250738585072012e-308) = 1.830902327173324040642192159804623318305533274168872044... x 10 ^ -324
      // So 2.2250738585072012e-308 should round to 2^-1022 = 2.2250738585072014e-308
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "2.2250738585072012e-308", 2.2250738585072014e-308); // http://www.exploringbinary.com/java-hangs-when-converting-2-2250738585072012e-308/
  
      // More closer to normal/subnormal boundary
      // boundary = 2^-1022 - 2^-1075 = 2.225073858507201136057409796709131975934819546351645648... x 10^-308
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "2.22507385850720113605740979670913197593481954635164564e-308", 2.2250738585072009e-308);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "2.22507385850720113605740979670913197593481954635164565e-308", 2.2250738585072014e-308);
  
      // 1.0 is in (1.0 - 2^-54, 1.0 + 2^-53)
      // 1.0 - 2^-54 = 0.999999999999999944488848768742172978818416595458984375
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "0.999999999999999944488848768742172978818416595458984375", 1.0); // round to even
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "0.999999999999999944488848768742172978818416595458984374", 0.99999999999999989); // previous double
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "0.999999999999999944488848768742172978818416595458984376", 1.0); // next double
      // 1.0 + 2^-53 = 1.00000000000000011102230246251565404236316680908203125
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1.00000000000000011102230246251565404236316680908203125", 1.0); // round to even
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1.00000000000000011102230246251565404236316680908203124", 1.0); // previous double
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1.00000000000000011102230246251565404236316680908203126", 1.00000000000000022); // next double
  
      // Numbers from https://github.com/floitsch/double-conversion/blob/master/test/cctest/test-strtod.cc
  
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "72057594037927928.0", 72057594037927928.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "72057594037927936.0", 72057594037927936.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "72057594037927932.0", 72057594037927936.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "7205759403792793199999e-5", 72057594037927928.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "7205759403792793200001e-5", 72057594037927936.0);
  
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "9223372036854774784.0", 9223372036854774784.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "9223372036854775808.0", 9223372036854775808.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "9223372036854775296.0", 9223372036854775808.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "922337203685477529599999e-5", 9223372036854774784.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "922337203685477529600001e-5", 9223372036854775808.0);
  
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "10141204801825834086073718800384", 10141204801825834086073718800384.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "10141204801825835211973625643008", 10141204801825835211973625643008.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "10141204801825834649023672221696", 10141204801825835211973625643008.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1014120480182583464902367222169599999e-5", 10141204801825834086073718800384.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1014120480182583464902367222169600001e-5", 10141204801825835211973625643008.0);
  
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "5708990770823838890407843763683279797179383808", 5708990770823838890407843763683279797179383808.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "5708990770823839524233143877797980545530986496", 5708990770823839524233143877797980545530986496.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "5708990770823839207320493820740630171355185152", 5708990770823839524233143877797980545530986496.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "5708990770823839207320493820740630171355185151999e-3", 5708990770823838890407843763683279797179383808.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "5708990770823839207320493820740630171355185152001e-3", 5708990770823839524233143877797980545530986496.0);
  
      {
          char n1e308[310];   // '1' followed by 308 '0'
          n1e308[0] = '1';
          for (int i = 1; i < 309; i++)
              n1e308[i] = '0';
          n1e308[309] = '\0';
          TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, n1e308, 1E308);
      }
  
      // Cover trimming
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision,
  "2.22507385850720113605740979670913197593481954635164564802342610972482222202107694551652952390813508"
  "7914149158913039621106870086438694594645527657207407820621743379988141063267329253552286881372149012"
  "9811224514518898490572223072852551331557550159143974763979834118019993239625482890171070818506906306"
  "6665599493827577257201576306269066333264756530000924588831643303777979186961204949739037782970490505"
  "1080609940730262937128958950003583799967207254304360284078895771796150945516748243471030702609144621"
  "5722898802581825451803257070188608721131280795122334262883686223215037756666225039825343359745688844"
  "2390026549819838548794829220689472168983109969836584681402285424333066033985088644580400103493397042"
  "7567186443383770486037861622771738545623065874679014086723327636718751234567890123456789012345678901"
  "e-308",
      2.2250738585072014e-308);
  
      {
          static const unsigned count = 100; // Tested with 1000000 locally
          Random r;
          Reader reader; // Reusing reader to prevent heap allocation
  
          // Exhaustively test different exponents with random significant
          for (uint64_t exp = 0; exp < 2047; exp++) {
              ;
              for (unsigned i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                  // Need to call r() in two statements for cross-platform coherent sequence.
                  uint64_t u = (exp << 52) | uint64_t(r() & 0x000FFFFF) << 32;
                  u |= uint64_t(r());
                  internal::Double d = internal::Double(u);
  
                  char buffer[32];
                  *internal::dtoa(d.Value(), buffer) = '\0';
  
                  StringStream s(buffer);
                  ParseDoubleHandler h;
                  ASSERT_EQ(kParseErrorNone, reader.Parse<fullPrecision ? kParseFullPrecisionFlag : 0>(s, h).Code());
                  EXPECT_EQ(1u, h.step_);
                  internal::Double a(h.actual_);
                  if (fullPrecision) {
                      EXPECT_EQ(d.Uint64Value(), a.Uint64Value());
                      if (d.Uint64Value() != a.Uint64Value())
                          printf("  String: %s\n  Actual: %.17g\nExpected: %.17g\n", buffer, h.actual_, d.Value());
                  }
                  else {
                      EXPECT_EQ(d.Sign(), a.Sign()); // for 0.0 != -0.0
                      EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(d.Value(), h.actual_);
                  }
              }
          }
      }
  
      // Issue #340
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "7.450580596923828e-9", 7.450580596923828e-9);
      {
          internal::Double d(1.0);
          for (int i = 0; i < 324; i++) {
              char buffer[32];
              *internal::dtoa(d.Value(), buffer) = '\0';
  
              StringStream s(buffer);
              ParseDoubleHandler h;
              Reader reader;
              ASSERT_EQ(kParseErrorNone, reader.Parse<fullPrecision ? kParseFullPrecisionFlag : 0>(s, h).Code());
              EXPECT_EQ(1u, h.step_);
              internal::Double a(h.actual_);
              if (fullPrecision) {
                  EXPECT_EQ(d.Uint64Value(), a.Uint64Value());
                  if (d.Uint64Value() != a.Uint64Value())
                      printf("  String: %s\n  Actual: %.17g\nExpected: %.17g\n", buffer, h.actual_, d.Value());
              }
              else {
                  EXPECT_EQ(d.Sign(), a.Sign()); // for 0.0 != -0.0
                  EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(d.Value(), h.actual_);
              }
  
  
              d = d.Value() * 0.5;
          }
      }
  
      // Issue 1249
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "0e100", 0.0);
  
      // Issue 1251
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "128.74836467836484838364836483643636483648e-336", 0.0);
  
      // Issue 1256
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision,
          "6223372036854775296.1701512723685473547372536854755293372036854685477"
          "529752233737201701512337200972013723685473123372036872036854236854737"
          "247372368372367752975258547752975254729752547372368737201701512354737"
          "83723677529752585477247372368372368547354737253685475529752",
          6223372036854775808.0);
  
  #if 0
      // Test (length + exponent) overflow
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "0e+2147483647", 0.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "0e-2147483648", 0.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1e-2147483648", 0.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "0e+9223372036854775807", 0.0);
      TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "0e-9223372036854775808", 0.0);
  #endif
  
      if (fullPrecision)
      {
          TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1e-325", 0.0);
          TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1e-324", 0.0);
          TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "2e-324", 0.0);
          TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "2.4703282292062327e-324", 0.0);
          TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "2.4703282292062328e-324", 5e-324);
          TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "2.48e-324",5e-324);
          TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "2.5e-324", 5e-324);
  
          // Slightly above max-normal
          TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision, "1.7976931348623158e+308", 1.7976931348623158e+308);
  
          TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision,
              "17976931348623157081452742373170435679807056752584499659891747680315726"
              "07800285387605895586327668781715404589535143824642343213268894641827684"
              "67546703537516986049910576551282076245490090389328944075868508455133942"
              "30458323690322294816580855933212334827479782620414472316873817718091929"
              "9881250404026184124858368",
              (std::numeric_limits<double>::max)());
  
          TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision,
              "243546080556034731077856379609316893158278902575447060151047"
              "212703405344938119816206067372775299130836050315842578309818"
              "316450894337978612745889730079163798234256495613858256849283"
              "467066859489192118352020514036083287319232435355752493038825"
              "828481044358810649108367633313557305310641892225870327827273"
              "41408256.000000",
              2.4354608055603473e+307);
          // 9007199254740991 * 2^971 (max normal)
          TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision,
              "1.797693134862315708145274237317043567980705675258449965989174768031572607800285"
              "38760589558632766878171540458953514382464234321326889464182768467546703537516986"
              "04991057655128207624549009038932894407586850845513394230458323690322294816580855"
              "9332123348274797826204144723168738177180919299881250404026184124858368e+308",
              1.797693134862315708e+308 //        0x1.fffffffffffffp1023
              );
  #if 0
          // TODO:
          // Should work at least in full-precision mode...
          TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision,
              "0.00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "0000000000000000000024703282292062327208828439643411068618252"
              "9901307162382212792841250337753635104375932649918180817996189"
              "8982823477228588654633283551779698981993873980053909390631503"
              "5659515570226392290858392449105184435931802849936536152500319"
              "3704576782492193656236698636584807570015857692699037063119282"
              "7955855133292783433840935197801553124659726357957462276646527"
              "2827220056374006485499977096599470454020828166226237857393450"
              "7363390079677619305775067401763246736009689513405355374585166"
              "6113422376667860416215968046191446729184030053005753084904876"
              "5391711386591646239524912623653881879636239373280423891018672"
              "3484976682350898633885879256283027559956575244555072551893136"
              "9083625477918694866799496832404970582102851318545139621383772"
              "2826145437693412532098591327667236328125",
              0.0);
  #endif
          // 9007199254740991 * 2^-1074 = (2^53 - 1) * 2^-1074
          TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision,
              "4.450147717014402272114819593418263951869639092703291296046852219449644444042153"
              "89103305904781627017582829831782607924221374017287738918929105531441481564124348"
              "67599762821265346585071045737627442980259622449029037796981144446145705102663115"
              "10031828794952795966823603998647925096578034214163701381261333311989876551545144"
              "03152612538132666529513060001849177663286607555958373922409899478075565940981010"
              "21612198814605258742579179000071675999344145086087205681577915435923018910334964"
              "86942061405218289243144579760516365090360651414037721744226256159024466852576737"
              "24464300755133324500796506867194913776884780053099639677097589658441378944337966"
              "21993967316936280457084866613206797017728916080020698679408551343728867675409720"
              "757232455434770912461317493580281734466552734375e-308",
              4.450147717014402272e-308 //        0x1.fffffffffffffp-1022
              );
          // 9007199254740990 * 2^-1074
          TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision,
              "4.450147717014401778049173752171719775300846224481918930987049605124880018456471"
              "39035755177760751831052846195619008686241717547743167145836439860405887584484471"
              "19639655002484083577939142623582164522087943959208000909794783876158397872163051"
              "22622675229968408654350206725478309956546318828765627255022767720818849892988457"
              "26333908582101604036318532842699932130356061901518261174396928478121372742040102"
              "17446565569357687263889031732270082446958029584739170416643195242132750803227473"
              "16608838720742955671061336566907126801014814608027120593609275183716632624844904"
              "31985250929886016737037234388448352929102742708402644340627409931664203093081360"
              "70794835812045179006047003875039546061891526346421705014598610179523165038319441"
              "51446491086954182492263498716056346893310546875e-308",
              4.450147717014401778e-308 //        0x1.ffffffffffffep-1022
              );
          // half way between the two numbers above.
          // round to nearest even.
          TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision,
              "4.450147717014402025081996672794991863585242658592605113516950912287262231249312"
              "64069530541271189424317838013700808305231545782515453032382772695923684574304409"
              "93619708911874715081505094180604803751173783204118519353387964161152051487413083"
              "16327252012460602310586905362063117526562176521464664318142050516404363222266800"
              "64743260560117135282915796422274554896821334728738317548403413978098469341510556"
              "19529382191981473003234105366170879223151087335413188049110555339027884856781219"
              "01775450062980622457102958163711745945687733011032421168917765671370549738710820"
              "78224775842509670618916870627821633352993761380751142008862499795052791018709663"
              "46394401564490729731565935244123171539810221213221201847003580761626016356864581"
              "1358486831521563686919762403704226016998291015625e-308",
              4.450147717014401778e-308 //        0x1.ffffffffffffep-1022
              );
          TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision,
              "4.450147717014402025081996672794991863585242658592605113516950912287262231249312"
              "64069530541271189424317838013700808305231545782515453032382772695923684574304409"
              "93619708911874715081505094180604803751173783204118519353387964161152051487413083"
              "16327252012460602310586905362063117526562176521464664318142050516404363222266800"
              "64743260560117135282915796422274554896821334728738317548403413978098469341510556"
              "19529382191981473003234105366170879223151087335413188049110555339027884856781219"
              "01775450062980622457102958163711745945687733011032421168917765671370549738710820"
              "78224775842509670618916870627821633352993761380751142008862499795052791018709663"
              "46394401564490729731565935244123171539810221213221201847003580761626016356864581"
              "13584868315215636869197624037042260169982910156250000000000000000000000000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e-308",
              4.450147717014401778e-308 //        0x1.ffffffffffffep-1022
              );
  #if 0
          // ... round up
          // TODO:
          // Should work at least in full-precision mode...
          TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision,
              "4.450147717014402025081996672794991863585242658592605113516950912287262231249312"
              "64069530541271189424317838013700808305231545782515453032382772695923684574304409"
              "93619708911874715081505094180604803751173783204118519353387964161152051487413083"
              "16327252012460602310586905362063117526562176521464664318142050516404363222266800"
              "64743260560117135282915796422274554896821334728738317548403413978098469341510556"
              "19529382191981473003234105366170879223151087335413188049110555339027884856781219"
              "01775450062980622457102958163711745945687733011032421168917765671370549738710820"
              "78224775842509670618916870627821633352993761380751142008862499795052791018709663"
              "46394401564490729731565935244123171539810221213221201847003580761626016356864581"
              "13584868315215636869197624037042260169982910156250000000000000000000000000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001e-308",
              4.450147717014402272e-308 //        0x1.fffffffffffffp-1022
              );
  #endif
          // ... round down
          TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision,
              "4.450147717014402025081996672794991863585242658592605113516950912287262231249312"
              "64069530541271189424317838013700808305231545782515453032382772695923684574304409"
              "93619708911874715081505094180604803751173783204118519353387964161152051487413083"
              "16327252012460602310586905362063117526562176521464664318142050516404363222266800"
              "64743260560117135282915796422274554896821334728738317548403413978098469341510556"
              "19529382191981473003234105366170879223151087335413188049110555339027884856781219"
              "01775450062980622457102958163711745945687733011032421168917765671370549738710820"
              "78224775842509670618916870627821633352993761380751142008862499795052791018709663"
              "46394401564490729731565935244123171539810221213221201847003580761626016356864581"
              "13584868315215636869197624037042260169982910156249999999999999999999999999999999"
              "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
              "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999e-308",
              4.450147717014401778e-308 //        0x1.ffffffffffffep-1022
              );
          // Slightly below half way between max-normal and infinity.
          // Should round down.
          TEST_DOUBLE(fullPrecision,
              "1.797693134862315807937289714053034150799341327100378269361737789804449682927647"
              "50946649017977587207096330286416692887910946555547851940402630657488671505820681"
              "90890200070838367627385484581771153176447573027006985557136695962284291481986083"
              "49364752927190741684443655107043427115596995080930428801779041744977919999999999"
              "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
              "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
              "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
              "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
              "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
              "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
              "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
              "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
              "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
              "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
              "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
              "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999e+308",
              1.797693134862315708e+308 //        0x1.fffffffffffffp1023
              );
      }
  
  #undef TEST_DOUBLE
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseNumber_NormalPrecisionDouble) {
      TestParseDouble<false>();
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseNumber_FullPrecisionDouble) {
      TestParseDouble<true>();
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseNumber_NormalPrecisionError) {
      static unsigned count = 1000000;
      Random r;
  
      double ulpSum = 0.0;
      double ulpMax = 0.0;
      for (unsigned i = 0; i < count; i++) {
          internal::Double e, a;
          do {
              // Need to call r() in two statements for cross-platform coherent sequence.
              uint64_t u = uint64_t(r()) << 32;
              u |= uint64_t(r());
              e = u;
          } while (e.IsNan() || e.IsInf() || !e.IsNormal());
  
          char buffer[32];
          *internal::dtoa(e.Value(), buffer) = '\0';
  
          StringStream s(buffer);
          ParseDoubleHandler h;
          Reader reader;
          ASSERT_EQ(kParseErrorNone, reader.Parse(s, h).Code());
          EXPECT_EQ(1u, h.step_);
  
          a = h.actual_;
          uint64_t bias1 = e.ToBias();
          uint64_t bias2 = a.ToBias();
          double ulp = static_cast<double>(bias1 >= bias2 ? bias1 - bias2 : bias2 - bias1);
          ulpMax = (std::max)(ulpMax, ulp);
          ulpSum += ulp;
      }
      printf("ULP Average = %g, Max = %g \n", ulpSum / count, ulpMax);
  }
  
  template<bool fullPrecision>
  static void TestParseNumberError() {
  #define TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(errorCode, str, errorOffset, streamPos) \
      { \
          char buffer[2048]; \
          ASSERT_LT(std::strlen(str), 2048u); \
          sprintf(buffer, "%s", str); \
          InsituStringStream s(buffer); \
          BaseReaderHandler<> h; \
          Reader reader; \
          EXPECT_FALSE(reader.Parse<fullPrecision ? kParseFullPrecisionFlag : 0>(s, h)); \
          EXPECT_EQ(errorCode, reader.GetParseErrorCode());\
          EXPECT_EQ(errorOffset, reader.GetErrorOffset());\
          EXPECT_EQ(streamPos, s.Tell());\
      }
  
      // Number too big to be stored in double.
      {
          char n1e309[311];   // '1' followed by 309 '0'
          n1e309[0] = '1';
          for (int i = 1; i < 310; i++)
              n1e309[i] = '0';
          n1e309[310] = '\0';
          TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberTooBig, n1e309, 0u, 310u);
      }
      TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberTooBig, "1e309", 0u, 5u);
  
      // Miss fraction part in number.
      TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberMissFraction, "1.", 2u, 2u);
      TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberMissFraction, "1.a", 2u, 2u);
  
      // Miss exponent in number.
      TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberMissExponent, "1e", 2u, 2u);
      TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberMissExponent, "1e_", 2u, 2u);
  
      // Issue 849
      TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberTooBig, "1.8e308", 0u, 7u);
      TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberTooBig, "5e308", 0u, 5u);
      TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberTooBig, "1e309", 0u, 5u);
      TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberTooBig, "1.0e310", 0u, 7u);
      TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberTooBig, "1.00e310", 0u, 8u);
      TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberTooBig, "-1.8e308", 0u, 8u);
      TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberTooBig, "-1e309", 0u, 6u);
  
      // Issue 1253
      TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberTooBig, "2e308", 0u, 5u);
  
      // Issue 1259
      TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberTooBig,
          "88474320368547737236837236775298547354737253685475547552933720368546854775297525"
          "29337203685468547770151233720097201372368547312337203687203685423685123372036872"
          "03685473724737236837236775297525854775297525472975254737236873720170151235473783"
          "7236737247372368772473723683723456789012E66", 0u, 283u);
  
  #if 0
      // Test (length + exponent) overflow
      TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberTooBig, "1e+2147483647", 0u, 13u);
      TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberTooBig, "1e+9223372036854775807", 0u, 22u);
      TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberTooBig, "1e+10000", 0u, 8u);
      TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberTooBig, "1e+50000", 0u, 8u);
  #endif
  
      // 9007199254740992 * 2^971 ("infinity")
      TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberTooBig,
          "1.797693134862315907729305190789024733617976978942306572734300811577326758055009"
          "63132708477322407536021120113879871393357658789768814416622492847430639474124377"
          "76789342486548527630221960124609411945308295208500576883815068234246288147391311"
          "0540827237163350510684586298239947245938479716304835356329624224137216e+308", 0u, 315u);
  
      // TODO:
      // These tests (currently) fail in normal-precision mode
      if (fullPrecision)
      {
          // Half way between max-normal and infinity
          // Should round to infinity in nearest-even mode.
          TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberTooBig,
              "1.797693134862315807937289714053034150799341327100378269361737789804449682927647"
              "50946649017977587207096330286416692887910946555547851940402630657488671505820681"
              "90890200070838367627385484581771153176447573027006985557136695962284291481986083"
              "49364752927190741684443655107043427115596995080930428801779041744977920000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000e+308", 0u, 1125u);
          // ...round up
          TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberTooBig,
              "1.797693134862315807937289714053034150799341327100378269361737789804449682927647"
              "50946649017977587207096330286416692887910946555547851940402630657488671505820681"
              "90890200070838367627385484581771153176447573027006985557136695962284291481986083"
              "49364752927190741684443655107043427115596995080930428801779041744977920000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
              "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001e+308", 0u, 1205u);
      }
  
      TEST_NUMBER_ERROR(kParseErrorNumberTooBig,
          "10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
          "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
          "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
          "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001", 0u, 310u);
  
  #undef TEST_NUMBER_ERROR
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseNumberError_NormalPrecisionDouble) {
      TestParseNumberError<false>();
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseNumberError_FullPrecisionDouble) {
      TestParseNumberError<true>();
  }
  
  template <typename Encoding>
  struct ParseStringHandler : BaseReaderHandler<Encoding, ParseStringHandler<Encoding> > {
      ParseStringHandler() : str_(0), length_(0), copy_() {}
      ~ParseStringHandler() { EXPECT_TRUE(str_ != 0); if (copy_) free(const_cast<typename Encoding::Ch*>(str_)); }
  
      ParseStringHandler(const ParseStringHandler&);
      ParseStringHandler& operator=(const ParseStringHandler&);
  
      bool Default() { ADD_FAILURE(); return false; }
      bool String(const typename Encoding::Ch* str, size_t length, bool copy) {
          EXPECT_EQ(0, str_);
          if (copy) {
              str_ = static_cast<typename Encoding::Ch*>(malloc((length + 1) * sizeof(typename Encoding::Ch)));
              memcpy(const_cast<typename Encoding::Ch*>(str_), str, (length + 1) * sizeof(typename Encoding::Ch));
          }
          else
              str_ = str;
          length_ = length;
          copy_ = copy;
          return true;
      }
  
      const typename Encoding::Ch* str_;
      size_t length_;
      bool copy_;
  };
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseString) {
  #define TEST_STRING(Encoding, e, x) \
      { \
          Encoding::Ch* buffer = StrDup(x); \
          GenericInsituStringStream<Encoding> is(buffer); \
          ParseStringHandler<Encoding> h; \
          GenericReader<Encoding, Encoding> reader; \
          reader.Parse<kParseInsituFlag | kParseValidateEncodingFlag>(is, h); \
          EXPECT_EQ(0, StrCmp<Encoding::Ch>(e, h.str_)); \
          EXPECT_EQ(StrLen(e), h.length_); \
          free(buffer); \
          GenericStringStream<Encoding> s(x); \
          ParseStringHandler<Encoding> h2; \
          GenericReader<Encoding, Encoding> reader2; \
          reader2.Parse(s, h2); \
          EXPECT_EQ(0, StrCmp<Encoding::Ch>(e, h2.str_)); \
          EXPECT_EQ(StrLen(e), h2.length_); \
      }
  
      // String constant L"\xXX" can only specify character code in bytes, which is not endianness-neutral.
      // And old compiler does not support u"" and U"" string literal. So here specify string literal by array of Ch.
      // In addition, GCC 4.8 generates -Wnarrowing warnings when character code >= 128 are assigned to signed integer types.
      // Therefore, utype is added for declaring unsigned array, and then cast it to Encoding::Ch.
  #define ARRAY(...) { __VA_ARGS__ }
  #define TEST_STRINGARRAY(Encoding, utype, array, x) \
      { \
          static const utype ue[] = array; \
          static const Encoding::Ch* e = reinterpret_cast<const Encoding::Ch *>(&ue[0]); \
          TEST_STRING(Encoding, e, x); \
      }
  
  #define TEST_STRINGARRAY2(Encoding, utype, earray, xarray) \
      { \
          static const utype ue[] = earray; \
          static const utype xe[] = xarray; \
          static const Encoding::Ch* e = reinterpret_cast<const Encoding::Ch *>(&ue[0]); \
          static const Encoding::Ch* x = reinterpret_cast<const Encoding::Ch *>(&xe[0]); \
          TEST_STRING(Encoding, e, x); \
      }
  
      TEST_STRING(UTF8<>, "", "\"\"");
      TEST_STRING(UTF8<>, "Hello", "\"Hello\"");
      TEST_STRING(UTF8<>, "Hello\nWorld", "\"Hello\\nWorld\"");
      TEST_STRING(UTF8<>, "\"\\/\b\f\n\r\t", "\"\\\"\\\\/\\b\\f\\n\\r\\t\"");
      TEST_STRING(UTF8<>, "\x24", "\"\\u0024\"");         // Dollar sign U+0024
      TEST_STRING(UTF8<>, "\xC2\xA2", "\"\\u00A2\"");     // Cents sign U+00A2
      TEST_STRING(UTF8<>, "\xE2\x82\xAC", "\"\\u20AC\""); // Euro sign U+20AC
      TEST_STRING(UTF8<>, "\xF0\x9D\x84\x9E", "\"\\uD834\\uDD1E\"");  // G clef sign U+1D11E
  
      // UTF16
      TEST_STRING(UTF16<>, L"", L"\"\"");
      TEST_STRING(UTF16<>, L"Hello", L"\"Hello\"");
      TEST_STRING(UTF16<>, L"Hello\nWorld", L"\"Hello\\nWorld\"");
      TEST_STRING(UTF16<>, L"\"\\/\b\f\n\r\t", L"\"\\\"\\\\/\\b\\f\\n\\r\\t\"");
      TEST_STRINGARRAY(UTF16<>, wchar_t, ARRAY(0x0024, 0x0000), L"\"\\u0024\"");
      TEST_STRINGARRAY(UTF16<>, wchar_t, ARRAY(0x00A2, 0x0000), L"\"\\u00A2\"");  // Cents sign U+00A2
      TEST_STRINGARRAY(UTF16<>, wchar_t, ARRAY(0x20AC, 0x0000), L"\"\\u20AC\"");  // Euro sign U+20AC
      TEST_STRINGARRAY(UTF16<>, wchar_t, ARRAY(0xD834, 0xDD1E, 0x0000), L"\"\\uD834\\uDD1E\"");   // G clef sign U+1D11E
  
      // UTF32
      TEST_STRINGARRAY2(UTF32<>, unsigned, ARRAY('\0'), ARRAY('\"', '\"', '\0'));
      TEST_STRINGARRAY2(UTF32<>, unsigned, ARRAY('H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '\0'), ARRAY('\"', 'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '\"', '\0'));
      TEST_STRINGARRAY2(UTF32<>, unsigned, ARRAY('H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '\n', 'W', 'o', 'r', 'l', 'd', '\0'), ARRAY('\"', 'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '\\', 'n', 'W', 'o', 'r', 'l', 'd', '\"', '\0'));
      TEST_STRINGARRAY2(UTF32<>, unsigned, ARRAY('\"', '\\', '/', '\b', '\f', '\n', '\r', '\t', '\0'), ARRAY('\"', '\\', '\"', '\\', '\\', '/', '\\', 'b', '\\', 'f', '\\', 'n', '\\', 'r', '\\', 't', '\"', '\0'));
      TEST_STRINGARRAY2(UTF32<>, unsigned, ARRAY(0x00024, 0x0000), ARRAY('\"', '\\', 'u', '0', '0', '2', '4', '\"', '\0'));
      TEST_STRINGARRAY2(UTF32<>, unsigned, ARRAY(0x000A2, 0x0000), ARRAY('\"', '\\', 'u', '0', '0', 'A', '2', '\"', '\0'));   // Cents sign U+00A2
      TEST_STRINGARRAY2(UTF32<>, unsigned, ARRAY(0x020AC, 0x0000), ARRAY('\"', '\\', 'u', '2', '0', 'A', 'C', '\"', '\0'));   // Euro sign U+20AC
      TEST_STRINGARRAY2(UTF32<>, unsigned, ARRAY(0x1D11E, 0x0000), ARRAY('\"', '\\', 'u', 'D', '8', '3', '4', '\\', 'u', 'D', 'D', '1', 'E', '\"', '\0'));    // G clef sign U+1D11E
  
  #undef TEST_STRINGARRAY
  #undef ARRAY
  #undef TEST_STRING
  
      // Support of null character in string
      {
          StringStream s("\"Hello\\u0000World\"");
          const char e[] = "Hello\0World";
          ParseStringHandler<UTF8<> > h;
          Reader reader;
          reader.Parse(s, h);
          EXPECT_EQ(0, memcmp(e, h.str_, h.length_ + 1));
          EXPECT_EQ(11u, h.length_);
      }
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseString_Transcoding) {
      const char* x = "\"Hello\"";
      const wchar_t* e = L"Hello";
      GenericStringStream<UTF8<> > is(x);
      GenericReader<UTF8<>, UTF16<> > reader;
      ParseStringHandler<UTF16<> > h;
      reader.Parse(is, h);
      EXPECT_EQ(0, StrCmp<UTF16<>::Ch>(e, h.str_));
      EXPECT_EQ(StrLen(e), h.length_);
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseString_TranscodingWithValidation) {
      const char* x = "\"Hello\"";
      const wchar_t* e = L"Hello";
      GenericStringStream<UTF8<> > is(x);
      GenericReader<UTF8<>, UTF16<> > reader;
      ParseStringHandler<UTF16<> > h;
      reader.Parse<kParseValidateEncodingFlag>(is, h);
      EXPECT_EQ(0, StrCmp<UTF16<>::Ch>(e, h.str_));
      EXPECT_EQ(StrLen(e), h.length_);
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseString_NonDestructive) {
      StringStream s("\"Hello\\nWorld\"");
      ParseStringHandler<UTF8<> > h;
      Reader reader;
      reader.Parse(s, h);
      EXPECT_EQ(0, StrCmp("Hello\nWorld", h.str_));
      EXPECT_EQ(11u, h.length_);
  }
  
  template <typename Encoding>
  ParseErrorCode TestString(const typename Encoding::Ch* str) {
      GenericStringStream<Encoding> s(str);
      BaseReaderHandler<Encoding> h;
      GenericReader<Encoding, Encoding> reader;
      reader.template Parse<kParseValidateEncodingFlag>(s, h);
      return reader.GetParseErrorCode();
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseString_Error) {
  #define TEST_STRING_ERROR(errorCode, str, errorOffset, streamPos)\
  {\
      GenericStringStream<UTF8<> > s(str);\
      BaseReaderHandler<UTF8<> > h;\
      GenericReader<UTF8<> , UTF8<> > reader;\
      reader.Parse<kParseValidateEncodingFlag>(s, h);\
      EXPECT_EQ(errorCode, reader.GetParseErrorCode());\
      EXPECT_EQ(errorOffset, reader.GetErrorOffset());\
      EXPECT_EQ(streamPos, s.Tell());\
  }
  
  #define ARRAY(...) { __VA_ARGS__ }
  #define TEST_STRINGENCODING_ERROR(Encoding, TargetEncoding, utype, array) \
      { \
          static const utype ue[] = array; \
          static const Encoding::Ch* e = reinterpret_cast<const Encoding::Ch *>(&ue[0]); \
          EXPECT_EQ(kParseErrorStringInvalidEncoding, TestString<Encoding>(e));\
          /* decode error */\
          GenericStringStream<Encoding> s(e);\
          BaseReaderHandler<TargetEncoding> h;\
          GenericReader<Encoding, TargetEncoding> reader;\
          reader.Parse(s, h);\
          EXPECT_EQ(kParseErrorStringInvalidEncoding, reader.GetParseErrorCode());\
      }
  
      // Invalid escape character in string.
      TEST_STRING_ERROR(kParseErrorStringEscapeInvalid, "[\"\\a\"]", 2u, 3u);
  
      // Incorrect hex digit after \\u escape in string.
      TEST_STRING_ERROR(kParseErrorStringUnicodeEscapeInvalidHex, "[\"\\uABCG\"]", 2u, 7u);
  
      // Quotation in \\u escape in string (Issue #288)
      TEST_STRING_ERROR(kParseErrorStringUnicodeEscapeInvalidHex, "[\"\\uaaa\"]", 2u, 7u);
      TEST_STRING_ERROR(kParseErrorStringUnicodeEscapeInvalidHex, "[\"\\uD800\\uFFF\"]", 2u, 13u);
  
      // The surrogate pair in string is invalid.
      TEST_STRING_ERROR(kParseErrorStringUnicodeSurrogateInvalid, "[\"\\uD800X\"]", 2u, 8u);
      TEST_STRING_ERROR(kParseErrorStringUnicodeSurrogateInvalid, "[\"\\uD800\\uFFFF\"]", 2u, 14u);
  
      // Missing a closing quotation mark in string.
      TEST_STRING_ERROR(kParseErrorStringMissQuotationMark, "[\"Test]", 7u, 7u);
  
      // http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/ucs/examples/UTF-8-test.txt
  
      // 3  Malformed sequences
  
      // 3.1 Unexpected continuation bytes
      {
           char e[] = { '[', '\"', 0, '\"', ']', '\0' };
           for (unsigned char c = 0x80u; c <= 0xBFu; c++) {
              e[2] = static_cast<char>(c);
              ParseErrorCode error = TestString<UTF8<> >(e);
              EXPECT_EQ(kParseErrorStringInvalidEncoding, error);
              if (error != kParseErrorStringInvalidEncoding)
                  std::cout << static_cast<unsigned>(c) << std::endl;
           }
      }
  
      // 3.2 Lonely start characters, 3.5 Impossible bytes
      {
          char e[] = { '[', '\"', 0, ' ', '\"', ']', '\0' };
          for (unsigned c = 0xC0u; c <= 0xFFu; c++) {
              e[2] = static_cast<char>(c);
              unsigned streamPos;
              if (c <= 0xC1u)
                  streamPos = 3; // 0xC0 - 0xC1
              else if (c <= 0xDFu)
                  streamPos = 4; // 0xC2 - 0xDF
              else if (c <= 0xEFu)
                  streamPos = 5; // 0xE0 - 0xEF
              else if (c <= 0xF4u)
                  streamPos = 6; // 0xF0 - 0xF4
              else
                  streamPos = 3; // 0xF5 - 0xFF
              TEST_STRING_ERROR(kParseErrorStringInvalidEncoding, e, 2u, streamPos);
          }
      }
  
      // 4  Overlong sequences
  
      // 4.1  Examples of an overlong ASCII character
      TEST_STRINGENCODING_ERROR(UTF8<>, UTF16<>, unsigned char, ARRAY('[', '\"', 0xC0u, 0xAFu, '\"', ']', '\0'));
      TEST_STRINGENCODING_ERROR(UTF8<>, UTF16<>, unsigned char, ARRAY('[', '\"', 0xE0u, 0x80u, 0xAFu, '\"', ']', '\0'));
      TEST_STRINGENCODING_ERROR(UTF8<>, UTF16<>, unsigned char, ARRAY('[', '\"', 0xF0u, 0x80u, 0x80u, 0xAFu, '\"', ']', '\0'));
  
      // 4.2  Maximum overlong sequences
      TEST_STRINGENCODING_ERROR(UTF8<>, UTF16<>, unsigned char, ARRAY('[', '\"', 0xC1u, 0xBFu, '\"', ']', '\0'));
      TEST_STRINGENCODING_ERROR(UTF8<>, UTF16<>, unsigned char, ARRAY('[', '\"', 0xE0u, 0x9Fu, 0xBFu, '\"', ']', '\0'));
      TEST_STRINGENCODING_ERROR(UTF8<>, UTF16<>, unsigned char, ARRAY('[', '\"', 0xF0u, 0x8Fu, 0xBFu, 0xBFu, '\"', ']', '\0'));
  
      // 4.3  Overlong representation of the NUL character
      TEST_STRINGENCODING_ERROR(UTF8<>, UTF16<>, unsigned char, ARRAY('[', '\"', 0xC0u, 0x80u, '\"', ']', '\0'));
      TEST_STRINGENCODING_ERROR(UTF8<>, UTF16<>, unsigned char, ARRAY('[', '\"', 0xE0u, 0x80u, 0x80u, '\"', ']', '\0'));
      TEST_STRINGENCODING_ERROR(UTF8<>, UTF16<>, unsigned char, ARRAY('[', '\"', 0xF0u, 0x80u, 0x80u, 0x80u, '\"', ']', '\0'));
  
      // 5  Illegal code positions
  
      // 5.1 Single UTF-16 surrogates
      TEST_STRINGENCODING_ERROR(UTF8<>, UTF16<>, unsigned char, ARRAY('[', '\"', 0xEDu, 0xA0u, 0x80u, '\"', ']', '\0'));
      TEST_STRINGENCODING_ERROR(UTF8<>, UTF16<>, unsigned char, ARRAY('[', '\"', 0xEDu, 0xADu, 0xBFu, '\"', ']', '\0'));
      TEST_STRINGENCODING_ERROR(UTF8<>, UTF16<>, unsigned char, ARRAY('[', '\"', 0xEDu, 0xAEu, 0x80u, '\"', ']', '\0'));
      TEST_STRINGENCODING_ERROR(UTF8<>, UTF16<>, unsigned char, ARRAY('[', '\"', 0xEDu, 0xAFu, 0xBFu, '\"', ']', '\0'));
      TEST_STRINGENCODING_ERROR(UTF8<>, UTF16<>, unsigned char, ARRAY('[', '\"', 0xEDu, 0xB0u, 0x80u, '\"', ']', '\0'));
      TEST_STRINGENCODING_ERROR(UTF8<>, UTF16<>, unsigned char, ARRAY('[', '\"', 0xEDu, 0xBEu, 0x80u, '\"', ']', '\0'));
      TEST_STRINGENCODING_ERROR(UTF8<>, UTF16<>, unsigned char, ARRAY('[', '\"', 0xEDu, 0xBFu, 0xBFu, '\"', ']', '\0'));
  
      // Malform UTF-16 sequences
      TEST_STRINGENCODING_ERROR(UTF16<>, UTF8<>, wchar_t, ARRAY('[', '\"', 0xDC00, 0xDC00, '\"', ']', '\0'));
      TEST_STRINGENCODING_ERROR(UTF16<>, UTF8<>, wchar_t, ARRAY('[', '\"', 0xD800, 0xD800, '\"', ']', '\0'));
  
      // Malform UTF-32 sequence
      TEST_STRINGENCODING_ERROR(UTF32<>, UTF8<>, unsigned, ARRAY('[', '\"', 0x110000, '\"', ']', '\0'));
  
      // Malform ASCII sequence
      TEST_STRINGENCODING_ERROR(ASCII<>, UTF8<>, char, ARRAY('[', '\"', char(0x80u), '\"', ']', '\0'));
      TEST_STRINGENCODING_ERROR(ASCII<>, UTF8<>, char, ARRAY('[', '\"', char(0x01u), '\"', ']', '\0'));
      TEST_STRINGENCODING_ERROR(ASCII<>, UTF8<>, char, ARRAY('[', '\"', char(0x1Cu), '\"', ']', '\0'));
  
  #undef ARRAY
  #undef TEST_STRINGARRAY_ERROR
  }
  
  template <unsigned count>
  struct ParseArrayHandler : BaseReaderHandler<UTF8<>, ParseArrayHandler<count> > {
      ParseArrayHandler() : step_(0) {}
  
      bool Default() { ADD_FAILURE(); return false; }
      bool Uint(unsigned i) { EXPECT_EQ(step_, i); step_++; return true; }
      bool StartArray() { EXPECT_EQ(0u, step_); step_++; return true; }
      bool EndArray(SizeType) { step_++; return true; }
  
      unsigned step_;
  };
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseEmptyArray) {
      char *json = StrDup("[ ] ");
      InsituStringStream s(json);
      ParseArrayHandler<0> h;
      Reader reader;
      reader.Parse(s, h);
      EXPECT_EQ(2u, h.step_);
      free(json);
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseArray) {
      char *json = StrDup("[1, 2, 3, 4]");
      InsituStringStream s(json);
      ParseArrayHandler<4> h;
      Reader reader;
      reader.Parse(s, h);
      EXPECT_EQ(6u, h.step_);
      free(json);
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseArray_Error) {
  #define TEST_ARRAY_ERROR(errorCode, str, errorOffset) \
      { \
          unsigned streamPos = errorOffset; \
          char buffer[1001]; \
          strncpy(buffer, str, 1000); \
          InsituStringStream s(buffer); \
          BaseReaderHandler<> h; \
          GenericReader<UTF8<>, UTF8<>, CrtAllocator> reader; \
          EXPECT_FALSE(reader.Parse(s, h)); \
          EXPECT_EQ(errorCode, reader.GetParseErrorCode());\
          EXPECT_EQ(errorOffset, reader.GetErrorOffset());\
          EXPECT_EQ(streamPos, s.Tell());\
      }
  
      // Missing a comma or ']' after an array element.
      TEST_ARRAY_ERROR(kParseErrorArrayMissCommaOrSquareBracket, "[1", 2u);
      TEST_ARRAY_ERROR(kParseErrorArrayMissCommaOrSquareBracket, "[1}", 2u);
      TEST_ARRAY_ERROR(kParseErrorArrayMissCommaOrSquareBracket, "[1 2]", 3u);
  
      // Array cannot have a trailing comma (without kParseTrailingCommasFlag);
      // a value must follow a comma
      TEST_ARRAY_ERROR(kParseErrorValueInvalid, "[1,]", 3u);
  
  #undef TEST_ARRAY_ERROR
  }
  
  struct ParseObjectHandler : BaseReaderHandler<UTF8<>, ParseObjectHandler> {
      ParseObjectHandler() : step_(0) {}
  
      bool Default() { ADD_FAILURE(); return false; }
      bool Null() { EXPECT_EQ(8u, step_); step_++; return true; }
      bool Bool(bool b) {
          switch(step_) {
              case 4: EXPECT_TRUE(b); step_++; return true;
              case 6: EXPECT_FALSE(b); step_++; return true;
              default: ADD_FAILURE(); return false;
          }
      }
      bool Int(int i) {
          switch(step_) {
              case 10: EXPECT_EQ(123, i); step_++; return true;
              case 15: EXPECT_EQ(1, i); step_++; return true;
              case 16: EXPECT_EQ(2, i); step_++; return true;
              case 17: EXPECT_EQ(3, i); step_++; return true;
              default: ADD_FAILURE(); return false;
          }
      }
      bool Uint(unsigned i) { return Int(static_cast<int>(i)); }
      bool Double(double d) { EXPECT_EQ(12u, step_); EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(3.1416, d); step_++; return true; }
      bool String(const char* str, size_t, bool) {
          switch(step_) {
              case 1: EXPECT_STREQ("hello", str); step_++; return true;
              case 2: EXPECT_STREQ("world", str); step_++; return true;
              case 3: EXPECT_STREQ("t", str); step_++; return true;
              case 5: EXPECT_STREQ("f", str); step_++; return true;
              case 7: EXPECT_STREQ("n", str); step_++; return true;
              case 9: EXPECT_STREQ("i", str); step_++; return true;
              case 11: EXPECT_STREQ("pi", str); step_++; return true;
              case 13: EXPECT_STREQ("a", str); step_++; return true;
              default: ADD_FAILURE(); return false;
          }
      }
      bool StartObject() { EXPECT_EQ(0u, step_); step_++; return true; }
      bool EndObject(SizeType memberCount) { EXPECT_EQ(19u, step_); EXPECT_EQ(7u, memberCount); step_++; return true; }
      bool StartArray() { EXPECT_EQ(14u, step_); step_++; return true; }
      bool EndArray(SizeType elementCount) { EXPECT_EQ(18u, step_); EXPECT_EQ(3u, elementCount); step_++; return true; }
  
      unsigned step_;
  };
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseObject) {
      const char* json = "{ \"hello\" : \"world\", \"t\" : true , \"f\" : false, \"n\": null, \"i\":123, \"pi\": 3.1416, \"a\":[1, 2, 3] } ";
  
      // Insitu
      {
          char* json2 = StrDup(json);
          InsituStringStream s(json2);
          ParseObjectHandler h;
          Reader reader;
          reader.Parse<kParseInsituFlag>(s, h);
          EXPECT_EQ(20u, h.step_);
          free(json2);
      }
  
      // Normal
      {
          StringStream s(json);
          ParseObjectHandler h;
          Reader reader;
          reader.Parse(s, h);
          EXPECT_EQ(20u, h.step_);
      }
  }
  
  struct ParseEmptyObjectHandler : BaseReaderHandler<UTF8<>, ParseEmptyObjectHandler> {
      ParseEmptyObjectHandler() : step_(0) {}
  
      bool Default() { ADD_FAILURE(); return false; }
      bool StartObject() { EXPECT_EQ(0u, step_); step_++; return true; }
      bool EndObject(SizeType) { EXPECT_EQ(1u, step_); step_++; return true; }
  
      unsigned step_;
  };
  
  TEST(Reader, Parse_EmptyObject) {
      StringStream s("{ } ");
      ParseEmptyObjectHandler h;
      Reader reader;
      reader.Parse(s, h);
      EXPECT_EQ(2u, h.step_);
  }
  
  struct ParseMultipleRootHandler : BaseReaderHandler<UTF8<>, ParseMultipleRootHandler> {
      ParseMultipleRootHandler() : step_(0) {}
  
      bool Default() { ADD_FAILURE(); return false; }
      bool StartObject() { EXPECT_EQ(0u, step_); step_++; return true; }
      bool EndObject(SizeType) { EXPECT_EQ(1u, step_); step_++; return true; }
      bool StartArray() { EXPECT_EQ(2u, step_); step_++; return true; }
      bool EndArray(SizeType) { EXPECT_EQ(3u, step_); step_++; return true; }
  
      unsigned step_;
  };
  
  template <unsigned parseFlags>
  void TestMultipleRoot() {
      StringStream s("{}[] a");
      ParseMultipleRootHandler h;
      Reader reader;
      EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse<parseFlags>(s, h));
      EXPECT_EQ(2u, h.step_);
      EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse<parseFlags>(s, h));
      EXPECT_EQ(4u, h.step_);
      EXPECT_EQ(' ', s.Take());
      EXPECT_EQ('a', s.Take());
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, Parse_MultipleRoot) {
      TestMultipleRoot<kParseStopWhenDoneFlag>();
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseIterative_MultipleRoot) {
      TestMultipleRoot<kParseIterativeFlag | kParseStopWhenDoneFlag>();
  }
  
  template <unsigned parseFlags>
  void TestInsituMultipleRoot() {
      char* buffer = strdup("{}[] a");
      InsituStringStream s(buffer);
      ParseMultipleRootHandler h;
      Reader reader;
      EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse<kParseInsituFlag | parseFlags>(s, h));
      EXPECT_EQ(2u, h.step_);
      EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse<kParseInsituFlag | parseFlags>(s, h));
      EXPECT_EQ(4u, h.step_);
      EXPECT_EQ(' ', s.Take());
      EXPECT_EQ('a', s.Take());
      free(buffer);
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseInsitu_MultipleRoot) {
      TestInsituMultipleRoot<kParseStopWhenDoneFlag>();
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseInsituIterative_MultipleRoot) {
      TestInsituMultipleRoot<kParseIterativeFlag | kParseStopWhenDoneFlag>();
  }
  
  #define TEST_ERROR(errorCode, str, errorOffset) \
      { \
          unsigned streamPos = errorOffset; \
          char buffer[1001]; \
          strncpy(buffer, str, 1000); \
          InsituStringStream s(buffer); \
          BaseReaderHandler<> h; \
          Reader reader; \
          EXPECT_FALSE(reader.Parse(s, h)); \
          EXPECT_EQ(errorCode, reader.GetParseErrorCode());\
          EXPECT_EQ(errorOffset, reader.GetErrorOffset());\
          EXPECT_EQ(streamPos, s.Tell());\
      }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseDocument_Error) {
      // The document is empty.
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorDocumentEmpty, "", 0u);
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorDocumentEmpty, " ", 1u);
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorDocumentEmpty, " \n", 2u);
  
      // The document root must not follow by other values.
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorDocumentRootNotSingular, "[] 0", 3u);
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorDocumentRootNotSingular, "{} 0", 3u);
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorDocumentRootNotSingular, "null []", 5u);
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorDocumentRootNotSingular, "0 {}", 2u);
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseValue_Error) {
      // Invalid value.
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorValueInvalid, "nulL", 3u);
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorValueInvalid, "truE", 3u);
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorValueInvalid, "falsE", 4u);
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorValueInvalid, "a]", 0u);
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorValueInvalid, ".1", 0u);
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseObject_Error) {
      // Missing a name for object member.
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorObjectMissName, "{1}", 1u);
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorObjectMissName, "{:1}", 1u);
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorObjectMissName, "{null:1}", 1u);
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorObjectMissName, "{true:1}", 1u);
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorObjectMissName, "{false:1}", 1u);
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorObjectMissName, "{1:1}", 1u);
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorObjectMissName, "{[]:1}", 1u);
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorObjectMissName, "{{}:1}", 1u);
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorObjectMissName, "{xyz:1}", 1u);
  
      // Missing a colon after a name of object member.
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorObjectMissColon, "{\"a\" 1}", 5u);
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorObjectMissColon, "{\"a\",1}", 4u);
  
      // Must be a comma or '}' after an object member
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorObjectMissCommaOrCurlyBracket, "{\"a\":1]", 6u);
  
      // Object cannot have a trailing comma (without kParseTrailingCommasFlag);
      // an object member name must follow a comma
      TEST_ERROR(kParseErrorObjectMissName, "{\"a\":1,}", 7u);
  
      // This tests that MemoryStream is checking the length in Peek().
      {
          MemoryStream ms("{\"a\"", 1);
          BaseReaderHandler<> h;
          Reader reader;
          EXPECT_FALSE(reader.Parse<kParseStopWhenDoneFlag>(ms, h));
          EXPECT_EQ(kParseErrorObjectMissName, reader.GetParseErrorCode());
      }
  }
  
  #undef TEST_ERROR
  
  TEST(Reader, SkipWhitespace) {
      StringStream ss(" A \t\tB\n \n\nC\r\r \rD \t\n\r E");
      const char* expected = "ABCDE";
      for (size_t i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
          SkipWhitespace(ss);
          EXPECT_EQ(expected[i], ss.Take());
      }
  }
  
  // Test implementing a stream without copy stream optimization.
  // Clone from GenericStringStream except that copy constructor is disabled.
  template <typename Encoding>
  class CustomStringStream {
  public:
      typedef typename Encoding::Ch Ch;
  
      CustomStringStream(const Ch *src) : src_(src), head_(src) {}
  
      Ch Peek() const { return *src_; }
      Ch Take() { return *src_++; }
      size_t Tell() const { return static_cast<size_t>(src_ - head_); }
  
      Ch* PutBegin() { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false); return 0; }
      void Put(Ch) { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false); }
      void Flush() { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false); }
      size_t PutEnd(Ch*) { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false); return 0; }
  
  private:
      // Prohibit copy constructor & assignment operator.
      CustomStringStream(const CustomStringStream&);
      CustomStringStream& operator=(const CustomStringStream&);
  
      const Ch* src_;     //!< Current read position.
      const Ch* head_;    //!< Original head of the string.
  };
  
  // If the following code is compiled, it should generate compilation error as predicted.
  // Because CustomStringStream<> is not copyable via making copy constructor private.
  #if 0
  namespace rapidjson {
  
  template <typename Encoding>
  struct StreamTraits<CustomStringStream<Encoding> > {
      enum { copyOptimization = 1 };
  };
  
  } // namespace rapidjson
  #endif
  
  TEST(Reader, CustomStringStream) {
      const char* json = "{ \"hello\" : \"world\", \"t\" : true , \"f\" : false, \"n\": null, \"i\":123, \"pi\": 3.1416, \"a\":[1, 2, 3] } ";
      CustomStringStream<UTF8<char> > s(json);
      ParseObjectHandler h;
      Reader reader;
      reader.Parse(s, h);
      EXPECT_EQ(20u, h.step_);
  }
  
  #include <sstream>
  
  class IStreamWrapper {
  public:
      typedef char Ch;
  
      IStreamWrapper(std::istream& is) : is_(is) {}
  
      Ch Peek() const {
          int c = is_.peek();
          return c == std::char_traits<char>::eof() ? '\0' : static_cast<Ch>(c);
      }
  
      Ch Take() {
          int c = is_.get();
          return c == std::char_traits<char>::eof() ? '\0' : static_cast<Ch>(c);
      }
  
      size_t Tell() const { return static_cast<size_t>(is_.tellg()); }
  
      Ch* PutBegin() { assert(false); return 0; }
      void Put(Ch) { assert(false); }
      void Flush() { assert(false); }
      size_t PutEnd(Ch*) { assert(false); return 0; }
  
  private:
      IStreamWrapper(const IStreamWrapper&);
      IStreamWrapper& operator=(const IStreamWrapper&);
  
      std::istream& is_;
  };
  
  TEST(Reader, Parse_IStreamWrapper_StringStream) {
      const char* json = "[1,2,3,4]";
  
      std::stringstream ss(json);
      IStreamWrapper is(ss);
  
      Reader reader;
      ParseArrayHandler<4> h;
      reader.Parse(is, h);
      EXPECT_FALSE(reader.HasParseError());
  }
  
  // Test iterative parsing.
  
  #define TESTERRORHANDLING(text, errorCode, offset)\
  {\
      unsigned streamPos = offset; \
      StringStream json(text); \
      BaseReaderHandler<> handler; \
      Reader reader; \
      reader.Parse<kParseIterativeFlag>(json, handler); \
      EXPECT_TRUE(reader.HasParseError()); \
      EXPECT_EQ(errorCode, reader.GetParseErrorCode()); \
      EXPECT_EQ(offset, reader.GetErrorOffset()); \
      EXPECT_EQ(streamPos, json.Tell()); \
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, IterativeParsing_ErrorHandling) {
      TESTERRORHANDLING("{\"a\": a}", kParseErrorValueInvalid, 6u);
  
      TESTERRORHANDLING("", kParseErrorDocumentEmpty, 0u);
      TESTERRORHANDLING("{}{}", kParseErrorDocumentRootNotSingular, 2u);
  
      TESTERRORHANDLING("{1}", kParseErrorObjectMissName, 1u);
      TESTERRORHANDLING("{\"a\", 1}", kParseErrorObjectMissColon, 4u);
      TESTERRORHANDLING("{\"a\"}", kParseErrorObjectMissColon, 4u);
      TESTERRORHANDLING("{\"a\": 1", kParseErrorObjectMissCommaOrCurlyBracket, 7u);
      TESTERRORHANDLING("[1 2 3]", kParseErrorArrayMissCommaOrSquareBracket, 3u);
      TESTERRORHANDLING("{\"a: 1", kParseErrorStringMissQuotationMark, 6u);
      TESTERRORHANDLING("{\"a\":}", kParseErrorValueInvalid, 5u);
      TESTERRORHANDLING("{\"a\":]", kParseErrorValueInvalid, 5u);
      TESTERRORHANDLING("[1,2,}", kParseErrorValueInvalid, 5u);
      TESTERRORHANDLING("[}]", kParseErrorValueInvalid, 1u);
      TESTERRORHANDLING("[,]", kParseErrorValueInvalid, 1u);
      TESTERRORHANDLING("[1,,]", kParseErrorValueInvalid, 3u);
  
      // Trailing commas are not allowed without kParseTrailingCommasFlag
      TESTERRORHANDLING("{\"a\": 1,}", kParseErrorObjectMissName, 8u);
      TESTERRORHANDLING("[1,2,3,]", kParseErrorValueInvalid, 7u);
  
      // Any JSON value can be a valid root element in RFC7159.
      TESTERRORHANDLING("\"ab", kParseErrorStringMissQuotationMark, 3u);
      TESTERRORHANDLING("truE", kParseErrorValueInvalid, 3u);
      TESTERRORHANDLING("False", kParseErrorValueInvalid, 0u);
      TESTERRORHANDLING("true, false", kParseErrorDocumentRootNotSingular, 4u);
      TESTERRORHANDLING("false, false", kParseErrorDocumentRootNotSingular, 5u);
      TESTERRORHANDLING("nulL", kParseErrorValueInvalid, 3u);
      TESTERRORHANDLING("null , null", kParseErrorDocumentRootNotSingular, 5u);
      TESTERRORHANDLING("1a", kParseErrorDocumentRootNotSingular, 1u);
  }
  
  template<typename Encoding = UTF8<> >
  struct IterativeParsingReaderHandler {
      typedef typename Encoding::Ch Ch;
  
      const static uint32_t LOG_NULL        = 0x10000000;
      const static uint32_t LOG_BOOL        = 0x20000000;
      const static uint32_t LOG_INT         = 0x30000000;
      const static uint32_t LOG_UINT        = 0x40000000;
      const static uint32_t LOG_INT64       = 0x50000000;
      const static uint32_t LOG_UINT64      = 0x60000000;
      const static uint32_t LOG_DOUBLE      = 0x70000000;
      const static uint32_t LOG_STRING      = 0x80000000;
      const static uint32_t LOG_STARTOBJECT = 0x90000000;
      const static uint32_t LOG_KEY         = 0xA0000000;
      const static uint32_t LOG_ENDOBJECT   = 0xB0000000;
      const static uint32_t LOG_STARTARRAY  = 0xC0000000;
      const static uint32_t LOG_ENDARRAY    = 0xD0000000;
  
      const static size_t LogCapacity = 256;
      uint32_t Logs[LogCapacity];
      size_t LogCount;
  
      IterativeParsingReaderHandler() : LogCount(0) {
      }
  
      bool Null() { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(LogCount < LogCapacity); Logs[LogCount++] = LOG_NULL; return true; }
  
      bool Bool(bool) { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(LogCount < LogCapacity); Logs[LogCount++] = LOG_BOOL; return true; }
  
      bool Int(int) { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(LogCount < LogCapacity); Logs[LogCount++] = LOG_INT; return true; }
  
      bool Uint(unsigned) { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(LogCount < LogCapacity); Logs[LogCount++] = LOG_INT; return true; }
  
      bool Int64(int64_t) { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(LogCount < LogCapacity); Logs[LogCount++] = LOG_INT64; return true; }
  
      bool Uint64(uint64_t) { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(LogCount < LogCapacity); Logs[LogCount++] = LOG_UINT64; return true; }
  
      bool Double(double) { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(LogCount < LogCapacity); Logs[LogCount++] = LOG_DOUBLE; return true; }
  
      bool RawNumber(const Ch*, SizeType, bool) { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(LogCount < LogCapacity); Logs[LogCount++] = LOG_STRING; return true; }
  
      bool String(const Ch*, SizeType, bool) { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(LogCount < LogCapacity); Logs[LogCount++] = LOG_STRING; return true; }
  
      bool StartObject() { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(LogCount < LogCapacity); Logs[LogCount++] = LOG_STARTOBJECT; return true; }
  
      bool Key (const Ch*, SizeType, bool) { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(LogCount < LogCapacity); Logs[LogCount++] = LOG_KEY; return true; }
  
      bool EndObject(SizeType c) {
          RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(LogCount < LogCapacity);
          RAPIDJSON_ASSERT((static_cast<uint32_t>(c) & 0xF0000000) == 0);
          Logs[LogCount++] = LOG_ENDOBJECT | static_cast<uint32_t>(c);
          return true;
      }
  
      bool StartArray() { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(LogCount < LogCapacity); Logs[LogCount++] = LOG_STARTARRAY; return true; }
  
      bool EndArray(SizeType c) {
          RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(LogCount < LogCapacity);
          RAPIDJSON_ASSERT((static_cast<uint32_t>(c) & 0xF0000000) == 0);
          Logs[LogCount++] = LOG_ENDARRAY | static_cast<uint32_t>(c);
          return true;
      }
  };
  
  TEST(Reader, IterativeParsing_General) {
      {
          StringStream is("[1, {\"k\": [1, 2]}, null, false, true, \"string\", 1.2]");
          Reader reader;
          IterativeParsingReaderHandler<> handler;
  
          ParseResult r = reader.Parse<kParseIterativeFlag>(is, handler);
  
          EXPECT_FALSE(r.IsError());
          EXPECT_FALSE(reader.HasParseError());
  
          uint32_t e[] = {
              handler.LOG_STARTARRAY,
              handler.LOG_INT,
              handler.LOG_STARTOBJECT,
              handler.LOG_KEY,
              handler.LOG_STARTARRAY,
              handler.LOG_INT,
              handler.LOG_INT,
              handler.LOG_ENDARRAY | 2,
              handler.LOG_ENDOBJECT | 1,
              handler.LOG_NULL,
              handler.LOG_BOOL,
              handler.LOG_BOOL,
              handler.LOG_STRING,
              handler.LOG_DOUBLE,
              handler.LOG_ENDARRAY | 7
          };
  
          EXPECT_EQ(sizeof(e) / sizeof(int), handler.LogCount);
  
          for (size_t i = 0; i < handler.LogCount; ++i) {
              EXPECT_EQ(e[i], handler.Logs[i]) << "i = " << i;
          }
      }
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, IterativeParsing_Count) {
      {
          StringStream is("[{}, {\"k\": 1}, [1], []]");
          Reader reader;
          IterativeParsingReaderHandler<> handler;
  
          ParseResult r = reader.Parse<kParseIterativeFlag>(is, handler);
  
          EXPECT_FALSE(r.IsError());
          EXPECT_FALSE(reader.HasParseError());
  
          uint32_t e[] = {
              handler.LOG_STARTARRAY,
              handler.LOG_STARTOBJECT,
              handler.LOG_ENDOBJECT | 0,
              handler.LOG_STARTOBJECT,
              handler.LOG_KEY,
              handler.LOG_INT,
              handler.LOG_ENDOBJECT | 1,
              handler.LOG_STARTARRAY,
              handler.LOG_INT,
              handler.LOG_ENDARRAY | 1,
              handler.LOG_STARTARRAY,
              handler.LOG_ENDARRAY | 0,
              handler.LOG_ENDARRAY | 4
          };
  
          EXPECT_EQ(sizeof(e) / sizeof(int), handler.LogCount);
  
          for (size_t i = 0; i < handler.LogCount; ++i) {
              EXPECT_EQ(e[i], handler.Logs[i]) << "i = " << i;
          }
      }
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, IterativePullParsing_General) {
      {
          IterativeParsingReaderHandler<> handler;
          uint32_t e[] = {
              handler.LOG_STARTARRAY,
              handler.LOG_INT,
              handler.LOG_STARTOBJECT,
              handler.LOG_KEY,
              handler.LOG_STARTARRAY,
              handler.LOG_INT,
              handler.LOG_INT,
              handler.LOG_ENDARRAY | 2,
              handler.LOG_ENDOBJECT | 1,
              handler.LOG_NULL,
              handler.LOG_BOOL,
              handler.LOG_BOOL,
              handler.LOG_STRING,
              handler.LOG_DOUBLE,
              handler.LOG_ENDARRAY | 7
          };
  
          StringStream is("[1, {\"k\": [1, 2]}, null, false, true, \"string\", 1.2]");
          Reader reader;
  
          reader.IterativeParseInit();
          while (!reader.IterativeParseComplete()) {
              size_t oldLogCount = handler.LogCount;
              EXPECT_TRUE(oldLogCount < sizeof(e) / sizeof(int)) << "overrun";
  
              EXPECT_TRUE(reader.IterativeParseNext<kParseDefaultFlags>(is, handler)) << "parse fail";
              EXPECT_EQ(handler.LogCount, oldLogCount + 1) << "handler should be invoked exactly once each time";
              EXPECT_EQ(e[oldLogCount], handler.Logs[oldLogCount]) << "wrong event returned";
          }
  
          EXPECT_FALSE(reader.HasParseError());
          EXPECT_EQ(sizeof(e) / sizeof(int), handler.LogCount) << "handler invoked wrong number of times";
  
          // The handler should not be invoked when the JSON has been fully read, but it should not fail
          size_t oldLogCount = handler.LogCount;
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.IterativeParseNext<kParseDefaultFlags>(is, handler)) << "parse-next past complete is allowed";
          EXPECT_EQ(handler.LogCount, oldLogCount) << "parse-next past complete should not invoke handler";
          EXPECT_FALSE(reader.HasParseError()) << "parse-next past complete should not generate parse error";
      }
  }
  
  // Test iterative parsing on kParseErrorTermination.
  struct HandlerTerminateAtStartObject : public IterativeParsingReaderHandler<> {
      bool StartObject() { return false; }
  };
  
  struct HandlerTerminateAtStartArray : public IterativeParsingReaderHandler<> {
      bool StartArray() { return false; }
  };
  
  struct HandlerTerminateAtEndObject : public IterativeParsingReaderHandler<> {
      bool EndObject(SizeType) { return false; }
  };
  
  struct HandlerTerminateAtEndArray : public IterativeParsingReaderHandler<> {
      bool EndArray(SizeType) { return false; }
  };
  
  TEST(Reader, IterativeParsing_ShortCircuit) {
      {
          HandlerTerminateAtStartObject handler;
          Reader reader;
          StringStream is("[1, {}]");
  
          ParseResult r = reader.Parse<kParseIterativeFlag>(is, handler);
  
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.HasParseError());
          EXPECT_EQ(kParseErrorTermination, r.Code());
          EXPECT_EQ(4u, r.Offset());
      }
  
      {
          HandlerTerminateAtStartArray handler;
          Reader reader;
          StringStream is("{\"a\": []}");
  
          ParseResult r = reader.Parse<kParseIterativeFlag>(is, handler);
  
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.HasParseError());
          EXPECT_EQ(kParseErrorTermination, r.Code());
          EXPECT_EQ(6u, r.Offset());
      }
  
      {
          HandlerTerminateAtEndObject handler;
          Reader reader;
          StringStream is("[1, {}]");
  
          ParseResult r = reader.Parse<kParseIterativeFlag>(is, handler);
  
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.HasParseError());
          EXPECT_EQ(kParseErrorTermination, r.Code());
          EXPECT_EQ(5u, r.Offset());
      }
  
      {
          HandlerTerminateAtEndArray handler;
          Reader reader;
          StringStream is("{\"a\": []}");
  
          ParseResult r = reader.Parse<kParseIterativeFlag>(is, handler);
  
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.HasParseError());
          EXPECT_EQ(kParseErrorTermination, r.Code());
          EXPECT_EQ(7u, r.Offset());
      }
  }
  
  // For covering BaseReaderHandler default functions
  TEST(Reader, BaseReaderHandler_Default) {
      BaseReaderHandler<> h;
      Reader reader;
      StringStream is("[null, true, -1, 1, -1234567890123456789, 1234567890123456789, 3.14, \"s\", { \"a\" : 1 }]");
      EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse(is, h));
  }
  
  template <int e>
  struct TerminateHandler {
      bool Null() { return e != 0; }
      bool Bool(bool) { return e != 1; }
      bool Int(int) { return e != 2; }
      bool Uint(unsigned) { return e != 3; }
      bool Int64(int64_t) { return e != 4; }
      bool Uint64(uint64_t) { return e != 5;  }
      bool Double(double) { return e != 6; }
      bool RawNumber(const char*, SizeType, bool) { return e != 7; }
      bool String(const char*, SizeType, bool) { return e != 8; }
      bool StartObject() { return e != 9; }
      bool Key(const char*, SizeType, bool)  { return e != 10; }
      bool EndObject(SizeType) { return e != 11; }
      bool StartArray() { return e != 12; }
      bool EndArray(SizeType) { return e != 13; }
  };
  
  #define TEST_TERMINATION(e, json)\
  {\
      Reader reader;\
      TerminateHandler<e> h;\
      StringStream is(json);\
      EXPECT_FALSE(reader.Parse(is, h));\
      EXPECT_EQ(kParseErrorTermination, reader.GetParseErrorCode());\
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseTerminationByHandler) {
      TEST_TERMINATION(0, "[null");
      TEST_TERMINATION(1, "[true");
      TEST_TERMINATION(1, "[false");
      TEST_TERMINATION(2, "[-1");
      TEST_TERMINATION(3, "[1");
      TEST_TERMINATION(4, "[-1234567890123456789");
      TEST_TERMINATION(5, "[1234567890123456789");
      TEST_TERMINATION(6, "[0.5]");
      // RawNumber() is never called
      TEST_TERMINATION(8, "[\"a\"");
      TEST_TERMINATION(9, "[{");
      TEST_TERMINATION(10, "[{\"a\"");
      TEST_TERMINATION(11, "[{}");
      TEST_TERMINATION(11, "[{\"a\":1}"); // non-empty object
      TEST_TERMINATION(12, "{\"a\":[");
      TEST_TERMINATION(13, "{\"a\":[]");
      TEST_TERMINATION(13, "{\"a\":[1]"); // non-empty array
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseComments) {
      const char* json =
      "// Here is a one-line comment.\n"
      "{// And here's another one\n"
      "   /*And here's an in-line one.*/\"hello\" : \"world\","
      "   \"t\" :/* And one with '*' symbol*/true ,"
      "/* A multiline comment\n"
      "   goes here*/"
      "   \"f\" : false, \"n\": null, \"i\":123, \"pi\": 3.1416, \"a\":[1, 2, 3]"
      "}/*And the last one to be sure */";
  
      StringStream s(json);
      ParseObjectHandler h;
      Reader reader;
      EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse<kParseCommentsFlag>(s, h));
      EXPECT_EQ(20u, h.step_);
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseEmptyInlineComment) {
      const char* json = "{/**/\"hello\" : \"world\", \"t\" : true, \"f\" : false, \"n\": null, \"i\":123, \"pi\": 3.1416, \"a\":[1, 2, 3] }";
  
      StringStream s(json);
      ParseObjectHandler h;
      Reader reader;
      EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse<kParseCommentsFlag>(s, h));
      EXPECT_EQ(20u, h.step_);
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseEmptyOnelineComment) {
      const char* json = "{//\n\"hello\" : \"world\", \"t\" : true, \"f\" : false, \"n\": null, \"i\":123, \"pi\": 3.1416, \"a\":[1, 2, 3] }";
  
      StringStream s(json);
      ParseObjectHandler h;
      Reader reader;
      EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse<kParseCommentsFlag>(s, h));
      EXPECT_EQ(20u, h.step_);
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseMultipleCommentsInARow) {
      const char* json =
      "{/* first comment *//* second */\n"
      "/* third */ /*fourth*/// last one\n"
      "\"hello\" : \"world\", \"t\" : true, \"f\" : false, \"n\": null, \"i\":123, \"pi\": 3.1416, \"a\":[1, 2, 3] }";
  
      StringStream s(json);
      ParseObjectHandler h;
      Reader reader;
      EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse<kParseCommentsFlag>(s, h));
      EXPECT_EQ(20u, h.step_);
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, InlineCommentsAreDisabledByDefault) {
      {
          const char* json = "{/* Inline comment. */\"hello\" : \"world\", \"t\" : true, \"f\" : false, \"n\": null, \"i\":123, \"pi\": 3.1416, \"a\":[1, 2, 3] }";
  
          StringStream s(json);
          ParseObjectHandler h;
          Reader reader;
          EXPECT_FALSE(reader.Parse<kParseDefaultFlags>(s, h));
      }
  
      {
          const char* json =
          "{\"hello\" : /* Multiline comment starts here\n"
          " continues here\n"
          " and ends here */\"world\", \"t\" :true , \"f\" : false, \"n\": null, \"i\":123, \"pi\": 3.1416, \"a\":[1, 2, 3] }";
  
          StringStream s(json);
          ParseObjectHandler h;
          Reader reader;
          EXPECT_FALSE(reader.Parse<kParseDefaultFlags>(s, h));
      }
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, OnelineCommentsAreDisabledByDefault) {
      const char* json = "{// One-line comment\n\"hello\" : \"world\", \"t\" : true , \"f\" : false, \"n\": null, \"i\":123, \"pi\": 3.1416, \"a\":[1, 2, 3] }";
  
      StringStream s(json);
      ParseObjectHandler h;
      Reader reader;
      EXPECT_FALSE(reader.Parse<kParseDefaultFlags>(s, h));
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, EofAfterOneLineComment) {
      const char* json = "{\"hello\" : \"world\" // EOF is here -->\0 \n}";
  
      StringStream s(json);
      ParseObjectHandler h;
      Reader reader;
      EXPECT_FALSE(reader.Parse<kParseCommentsFlag>(s, h));
      EXPECT_EQ(kParseErrorObjectMissCommaOrCurlyBracket, reader.GetParseErrorCode());
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, IncompleteMultilineComment) {
      const char* json = "{\"hello\" : \"world\" /* EOF is here -->\0 */}";
  
      StringStream s(json);
      ParseObjectHandler h;
      Reader reader;
      EXPECT_FALSE(reader.Parse<kParseCommentsFlag>(s, h));
      EXPECT_EQ(kParseErrorUnspecificSyntaxError, reader.GetParseErrorCode());
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, IncompleteMultilineComment2) {
      const char* json = "{\"hello\" : \"world\" /* *\0 */}";
  
      StringStream s(json);
      ParseObjectHandler h;
      Reader reader;
      EXPECT_FALSE(reader.Parse<kParseCommentsFlag>(s, h));
      EXPECT_EQ(kParseErrorUnspecificSyntaxError, reader.GetParseErrorCode());
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, UnrecognizedComment) {
      const char* json = "{\"hello\" : \"world\" /! }";
  
      StringStream s(json);
      ParseObjectHandler h;
      Reader reader;
      EXPECT_FALSE(reader.Parse<kParseCommentsFlag>(s, h));
      EXPECT_EQ(kParseErrorUnspecificSyntaxError, reader.GetParseErrorCode());
  }
  
  struct NumbersAsStringsHandler {
      bool Null() { return true; }
      bool Bool(bool) { return true; }
      bool Int(int) { return true; }
      bool Uint(unsigned) { return true; }
      bool Int64(int64_t) { return true; }
      bool Uint64(uint64_t) { return true;  }
      bool Double(double) { return true; }
      // 'str' is not null-terminated
      bool RawNumber(const char* str, SizeType length, bool) {
          EXPECT_TRUE(str != 0);
          EXPECT_TRUE(expected_len_ == length);
          EXPECT_TRUE(strncmp(str, expected_, length) == 0);
          return true;
      }
      bool String(const char*, SizeType, bool) { return true; }
      bool StartObject() { return true; }
      bool Key(const char*, SizeType, bool) { return true; }
      bool EndObject(SizeType) { return true; }
      bool StartArray() { return true; }
      bool EndArray(SizeType) { return true; }
  
      NumbersAsStringsHandler(const char* expected)
          : expected_(expected)
          , expected_len_(strlen(expected)) {}
  
      const char* expected_;
      size_t expected_len_;
  };
  
  TEST(Reader, NumbersAsStrings) {
      {
          const char* json = "{ \"pi\": 3.1416 } ";
          StringStream s(json);
          NumbersAsStringsHandler h("3.1416");
          Reader reader;
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse<kParseNumbersAsStringsFlag>(s, h));
      }
      {
          char* json = StrDup("{ \"pi\": 3.1416 } ");
          InsituStringStream s(json);
          NumbersAsStringsHandler h("3.1416");
          Reader reader;
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse<kParseInsituFlag|kParseNumbersAsStringsFlag>(s, h));
          free(json);
      }
      {
          const char* json = "{ \"gigabyte\": 1.0e9 } ";
          StringStream s(json);
          NumbersAsStringsHandler h("1.0e9");
          Reader reader;
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse<kParseNumbersAsStringsFlag>(s, h));
      }
      {
          char* json = StrDup("{ \"gigabyte\": 1.0e9 } ");
          InsituStringStream s(json);
          NumbersAsStringsHandler h("1.0e9");
          Reader reader;
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse<kParseInsituFlag|kParseNumbersAsStringsFlag>(s, h));
          free(json);
      }
      {
          const char* json = "{ \"pi\": 314.159e-2 } ";
          StringStream s(json);
          NumbersAsStringsHandler h("314.159e-2");
          Reader reader;
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse<kParseNumbersAsStringsFlag>(s, h));
      }
      {
          char* json = StrDup("{ \"gigabyte\": 314.159e-2 } ");
          InsituStringStream s(json);
          NumbersAsStringsHandler h("314.159e-2");
          Reader reader;
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse<kParseInsituFlag|kParseNumbersAsStringsFlag>(s, h));
          free(json);
      }
      {
          const char* json = "{ \"negative\": -1.54321 } ";
          StringStream s(json);
          NumbersAsStringsHandler h("-1.54321");
          Reader reader;
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse<kParseNumbersAsStringsFlag>(s, h));
      }
      {
          char* json = StrDup("{ \"negative\": -1.54321 } ");
          InsituStringStream s(json);
          NumbersAsStringsHandler h("-1.54321");
          Reader reader;
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse<kParseInsituFlag|kParseNumbersAsStringsFlag>(s, h));
          free(json);
      }
      {
          const char* json = "{ \"pi\": 314.159e-2 } ";
          std::stringstream ss(json);
          IStreamWrapper s(ss);
          NumbersAsStringsHandler h("314.159e-2");
          Reader reader;
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse<kParseNumbersAsStringsFlag>(s, h));
      }
  }
  
  template <unsigned extraFlags>
  void TestTrailingCommas() {
      {
          StringStream s("[1,2,3,]");
          ParseArrayHandler<3> h;
          Reader reader;
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse<extraFlags|kParseTrailingCommasFlag>(s, h));
          EXPECT_EQ(5u, h.step_);
      }
      {
          const char* json = "{ \"hello\" : \"world\", \"t\" : true , \"f\" : false,"
                  "\"n\": null, \"i\":123, \"pi\": 3.1416, \"a\":[1, 2, 3],}";
          StringStream s(json);
          ParseObjectHandler h;
          Reader reader;
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse<extraFlags|kParseTrailingCommasFlag>(s, h));
          EXPECT_EQ(20u, h.step_);
      }
      {
          // whitespace around trailing commas
          const char* json = "{ \"hello\" : \"world\", \"t\" : true , \"f\" : false,"
                  "\"n\": null, \"i\":123, \"pi\": 3.1416, \"a\":[1, 2, 3\n,\n]\n,\n} ";
          StringStream s(json);
          ParseObjectHandler h;
          Reader reader;
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse<extraFlags|kParseTrailingCommasFlag>(s, h));
          EXPECT_EQ(20u, h.step_);
      }
      {
          // comments around trailing commas
          const char* json = "{ \"hello\" : \"world\", \"t\" : true , \"f\" : false, \"n\": null,"
                  "\"i\":123, \"pi\": 3.1416, \"a\":[1, 2, 3/*test*/,/*test*/]/*test*/,/*test*/}";
          StringStream s(json);
          ParseObjectHandler h;
          Reader reader;
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse<extraFlags|kParseTrailingCommasFlag|kParseCommentsFlag>(s, h));
          EXPECT_EQ(20u, h.step_);
      }
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, TrailingCommas) {
      TestTrailingCommas<kParseNoFlags>();
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, TrailingCommasIterative) {
      TestTrailingCommas<kParseIterativeFlag>();
  }
  
  template <unsigned extraFlags>
  void TestMultipleTrailingCommaErrors() {
      // only a single trailing comma is allowed.
      {
          StringStream s("[1,2,3,,]");
          ParseArrayHandler<3> h;
          Reader reader;
          ParseResult r = reader.Parse<extraFlags|kParseTrailingCommasFlag>(s, h);
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.HasParseError());
          EXPECT_EQ(kParseErrorValueInvalid, r.Code());
          EXPECT_EQ(7u, r.Offset());
      }
      {
          const char* json = "{ \"hello\" : \"world\", \"t\" : true , \"f\" : false,"
                  "\"n\": null, \"i\":123, \"pi\": 3.1416, \"a\":[1, 2, 3,],,}";
          StringStream s(json);
          ParseObjectHandler h;
          Reader reader;
          ParseResult r = reader.Parse<extraFlags|kParseTrailingCommasFlag>(s, h);
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.HasParseError());
          EXPECT_EQ(kParseErrorObjectMissName, r.Code());
          EXPECT_EQ(95u, r.Offset());
      }
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, MultipleTrailingCommaErrors) {
      TestMultipleTrailingCommaErrors<kParseNoFlags>();
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, MultipleTrailingCommaErrorsIterative) {
      TestMultipleTrailingCommaErrors<kParseIterativeFlag>();
  }
  
  template <unsigned extraFlags>
  void TestEmptyExceptForCommaErrors() {
      // not allowed even with trailing commas enabled; the
      // trailing comma must follow a value.
      {
          StringStream s("[,]");
          ParseArrayHandler<3> h;
          Reader reader;
          ParseResult r = reader.Parse<extraFlags|kParseTrailingCommasFlag>(s, h);
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.HasParseError());
          EXPECT_EQ(kParseErrorValueInvalid, r.Code());
          EXPECT_EQ(1u, r.Offset());
      }
      {
          StringStream s("{,}");
          ParseObjectHandler h;
          Reader reader;
          ParseResult r = reader.Parse<extraFlags|kParseTrailingCommasFlag>(s, h);
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.HasParseError());
          EXPECT_EQ(kParseErrorObjectMissName, r.Code());
          EXPECT_EQ(1u, r.Offset());
      }
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, EmptyExceptForCommaErrors) {
      TestEmptyExceptForCommaErrors<kParseNoFlags>();
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, EmptyExceptForCommaErrorsIterative) {
      TestEmptyExceptForCommaErrors<kParseIterativeFlag>();
  }
  
  template <unsigned extraFlags>
  void TestTrailingCommaHandlerTermination() {
      {
          HandlerTerminateAtEndArray h;
          Reader reader;
          StringStream s("[1,2,3,]");
          ParseResult r = reader.Parse<extraFlags|kParseTrailingCommasFlag>(s, h);
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.HasParseError());
          EXPECT_EQ(kParseErrorTermination, r.Code());
          EXPECT_EQ(7u, r.Offset());
      }
      {
          HandlerTerminateAtEndObject h;
          Reader reader;
          StringStream s("{\"t\": true, \"f\": false,}");
          ParseResult r = reader.Parse<extraFlags|kParseTrailingCommasFlag>(s, h);
          EXPECT_TRUE(reader.HasParseError());
          EXPECT_EQ(kParseErrorTermination, r.Code());
          EXPECT_EQ(23u, r.Offset());
      }
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, TrailingCommaHandlerTermination) {
      TestTrailingCommaHandlerTermination<kParseNoFlags>();
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, TrailingCommaHandlerTerminationIterative) {
      TestTrailingCommaHandlerTermination<kParseIterativeFlag>();
  }
  
  TEST(Reader, ParseNanAndInfinity) {
  #define TEST_NAN_INF(str, x) \
      { \
          { \
              StringStream s(str); \
              ParseDoubleHandler h; \
              Reader reader; \
              ASSERT_EQ(kParseErrorNone, reader.Parse<kParseNanAndInfFlag>(s, h).Code()); \
              EXPECT_EQ(1u, h.step_); \
              internal::Double e(x), a(h.actual_); \
              EXPECT_EQ(e.IsNan(), a.IsNan()); \
              EXPECT_EQ(e.IsInf(), a.IsInf()); \
              if (!e.IsNan()) \
                  EXPECT_EQ(e.Sign(), a.Sign()); \
          } \
          { \
              const char* json = "{ \"naninfdouble\": " str " } "; \
              StringStream s(json); \
              NumbersAsStringsHandler h(str); \
              Reader reader; \
              EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse<kParseNumbersAsStringsFlag|kParseNanAndInfFlag>(s, h)); \
          } \
          { \
              char* json = StrDup("{ \"naninfdouble\": " str " } "); \
              InsituStringStream s(json); \
              NumbersAsStringsHandler h(str); \
              Reader reader; \
              EXPECT_TRUE(reader.Parse<kParseInsituFlag|kParseNumbersAsStringsFlag|kParseNanAndInfFlag>(s, h)); \
              free(json); \
          } \
      }
  #define TEST_NAN_INF_ERROR(errorCode, str, errorOffset) \
      { \
          unsigned streamPos = errorOffset; \
          char buffer[1001]; \
          strncpy(buffer, str, 1000); \
          InsituStringStream s(buffer); \
          BaseReaderHandler<> h; \
          Reader reader; \
          EXPECT_FALSE(reader.Parse<kParseNanAndInfFlag>(s, h)); \
          EXPECT_EQ(errorCode, reader.GetParseErrorCode());\
          EXPECT_EQ(errorOffset, reader.GetErrorOffset());\
          EXPECT_EQ(streamPos, s.Tell());\
      }
  
      double nan = std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN();
      double inf = std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity();
  
      TEST_NAN_INF("NaN", nan);
      TEST_NAN_INF("-NaN", nan);
      TEST_NAN_INF("Inf", inf);
      TEST_NAN_INF("Infinity", inf);
      TEST_NAN_INF("-Inf", -inf);
      TEST_NAN_INF("-Infinity", -inf);
      TEST_NAN_INF_ERROR(kParseErrorValueInvalid, "NInf", 1u);
      TEST_NAN_INF_ERROR(kParseErrorValueInvalid, "NaInf", 2u);
      TEST_NAN_INF_ERROR(kParseErrorValueInvalid, "INan", 1u);
      TEST_NAN_INF_ERROR(kParseErrorValueInvalid, "InNan", 2u);
      TEST_NAN_INF_ERROR(kParseErrorValueInvalid, "nan", 1u);
      TEST_NAN_INF_ERROR(kParseErrorValueInvalid, "-nan", 1u);
      TEST_NAN_INF_ERROR(kParseErrorValueInvalid, "NAN", 1u);
      TEST_NAN_INF_ERROR(kParseErrorValueInvalid, "-Infinty", 6u);
  
  #undef TEST_NAN_INF_ERROR
  #undef TEST_NAN_INF
  }
  
  RAPIDJSON_DIAG_POP
  