text: #ifndef Py_ABSTRACTOBJECT_H
  #define Py_ABSTRACTOBJECT_H
  #ifdef __cplusplus
  extern "C" {
  #endif
  
  #ifdef PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN
  #define PyObject_CallFunction _PyObject_CallFunction_SizeT
  #define PyObject_CallMethod _PyObject_CallMethod_SizeT
  #endif
  
  /* Abstract Object Interface (many thanks to Jim Fulton) */
  
  /*
     PROPOSAL: A Generic Python Object Interface for Python C Modules
  
  Problem
  
    Python modules written in C that must access Python objects must do
    so through routines whose interfaces are described by a set of
    include files.  Unfortunately, these routines vary according to the
    object accessed.  To use these routines, the C programmer must check
    the type of the object being used and must call a routine based on
    the object type.  For example, to access an element of a sequence,
    the programmer must determine whether the sequence is a list or a
    tuple:
  
      if(is_tupleobject(o))
        e=gettupleitem(o,i)
      else if(is_listitem(o))
        e=getlistitem(o,i)
  
    If the programmer wants to get an item from another type of object
    that provides sequence behavior, there is no clear way to do it
    correctly.
  
    The persistent programmer may peruse object.h and find that the
    _typeobject structure provides a means of invoking up to (currently
    about) 41 special operators.  So, for example, a routine can get an
    item from any object that provides sequence behavior. However, to
    use this mechanism, the programmer must make their code dependent on
    the current Python implementation.
  
    Also, certain semantics, especially memory management semantics, may
    differ by the type of object being used.  Unfortunately, these
    semantics are not clearly described in the current include files.
    An abstract interface providing more consistent semantics is needed.
  
  Proposal
  
    I propose the creation of a standard interface (with an associated
    library of routines and/or macros) for generically obtaining the
    services of Python objects.  This proposal can be viewed as one
    components of a Python C interface consisting of several components.
  
    From the viewpoint of C access to Python services, we have (as
    suggested by Guido in off-line discussions):
  
    - "Very high level layer": two or three functions that let you exec or
      eval arbitrary Python code given as a string in a module whose name is
      given, passing C values in and getting C values out using
      mkvalue/getargs style format strings.  This does not require the user
      to declare any variables of type "PyObject *".  This should be enough
      to write a simple application that gets Python code from the user,
      execs it, and returns the output or errors.  (Error handling must also
      be part of this API.)
  
    - "Abstract objects layer": which is the subject of this proposal.
      It has many functions operating on objects, and lest you do many
      things from C that you can also write in Python, without going
      through the Python parser.
  
    - "Concrete objects layer": This is the public type-dependent
      interface provided by the standard built-in types, such as floats,
      strings, and lists.  This interface exists and is currently
      documented by the collection of include files provided with the
      Python distributions.
  
    From the point of view of Python accessing services provided by C
    modules:
  
    - "Python module interface": this interface consist of the basic
      routines used to define modules and their members.  Most of the
      current extensions-writing guide deals with this interface.
  
    - "Built-in object interface": this is the interface that a new
      built-in type must provide and the mechanisms and rules that a
      developer of a new built-in type must use and follow.
  
    This proposal is a "first-cut" that is intended to spur
    discussion. See especially the lists of notes.
  
    The Python C object interface will provide four protocols: object,
    numeric, sequence, and mapping.  Each protocol consists of a
    collection of related operations.  If an operation that is not
    provided by a particular type is invoked, then a standard exception,
    NotImplementedError is raised with an operation name as an argument.
    In addition, for convenience this interface defines a set of
    constructors for building objects of built-in types.  This is needed
    so new objects can be returned from C functions that otherwise treat
    objects generically.
  
  Memory Management
  
    For all of the functions described in this proposal, if a function
    retains a reference to a Python object passed as an argument, then the
    function will increase the reference count of the object.  It is
    unnecessary for the caller to increase the reference count of an
    argument in anticipation of the object's retention.
  
    All Python objects returned from functions should be treated as new
    objects.  Functions that return objects assume that the caller will
    retain a reference and the reference count of the object has already
    been incremented to account for this fact.  A caller that does not
    retain a reference to an object that is returned from a function
    must decrement the reference count of the object (using
    DECREF(object)) to prevent memory leaks.
  
    Note that the behavior mentioned here is different from the current
    behavior for some objects (e.g. lists and tuples) when certain
    type-specific routines are called directly (e.g. setlistitem).  The
    proposed abstraction layer will provide a consistent memory
    management interface, correcting for inconsistent behavior for some
    built-in types.
  
  Protocols
  
  xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx*/
  
  /*  Object Protocol: */
  
       /* Implemented elsewhere:
  
       int PyObject_Print(PyObject *o, FILE *fp, int flags);
  
       Print an object, o, on file, fp.  Returns -1 on
       error.  The flags argument is used to enable certain printing
       options. The only option currently supported is Py_Print_RAW.
  
       (What should be said about Py_Print_RAW?)
  
         */
  
       /* Implemented elsewhere:
  
       int PyObject_HasAttrString(PyObject *o, char *attr_name);
  
       Returns 1 if o has the attribute attr_name, and 0 otherwise.
       This is equivalent to the Python expression:
       hasattr(o,attr_name).
  
       This function always succeeds.
  
         */
  
       /* Implemented elsewhere:
  
       PyObject* PyObject_GetAttrString(PyObject *o, char *attr_name);
  
       Retrieve an attributed named attr_name form object o.
       Returns the attribute value on success, or NULL on failure.
       This is the equivalent of the Python expression: o.attr_name.
  
         */
  
       /* Implemented elsewhere:
  
       int PyObject_HasAttr(PyObject *o, PyObject *attr_name);
  
       Returns 1 if o has the attribute attr_name, and 0 otherwise.
       This is equivalent to the Python expression:
       hasattr(o,attr_name).
  
       This function always succeeds.
  
         */
  
       /* Implemented elsewhere:
  
       PyObject* PyObject_GetAttr(PyObject *o, PyObject *attr_name);
  
       Retrieve an attributed named attr_name form object o.
       Returns the attribute value on success, or NULL on failure.
       This is the equivalent of the Python expression: o.attr_name.
  
         */
  
  
       /* Implemented elsewhere:
  
       int PyObject_SetAttrString(PyObject *o, char *attr_name, PyObject *v);
  
       Set the value of the attribute named attr_name, for object o,
       to the value v. Raise an exception and return -1 on failure; return 0 on
       success.  This is the equivalent of the Python statement o.attr_name=v.
  
         */
  
       /* Implemented elsewhere:
  
       int PyObject_SetAttr(PyObject *o, PyObject *attr_name, PyObject *v);
  
       Set the value of the attribute named attr_name, for object o,
       to the value v. Raise an exception and return -1 on failure; return 0 on
       success.  This is the equivalent of the Python statement o.attr_name=v.
  
         */
  
       /* implemented as a macro:
  
       int PyObject_DelAttrString(PyObject *o, char *attr_name);
  
       Delete attribute named attr_name, for object o. Returns
       -1 on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python
       statement: del o.attr_name.
  
         */
  #define  PyObject_DelAttrString(O,A) PyObject_SetAttrString((O),(A),NULL)
  
       /* implemented as a macro:
  
       int PyObject_DelAttr(PyObject *o, PyObject *attr_name);
  
       Delete attribute named attr_name, for object o. Returns -1
       on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python
       statement: del o.attr_name.
  
         */
  #define  PyObject_DelAttr(O,A) PyObject_SetAttr((O),(A),NULL)
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_Cmp(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2, int *result);
  
         /*
       Compare the values of o1 and o2 using a routine provided by
       o1, if one exists, otherwise with a routine provided by o2.
       The result of the comparison is returned in result.  Returns
       -1 on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python
       statement: result=cmp(o1,o2).
  
         */
  
       /* Implemented elsewhere:
  
       int PyObject_Compare(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
       Compare the values of o1 and o2 using a routine provided by
       o1, if one exists, otherwise with a routine provided by o2.
       Returns the result of the comparison on success.  On error,
       the value returned is undefined. This is equivalent to the
       Python expression: cmp(o1,o2).
  
         */
  
       /* Implemented elsewhere:
  
       PyObject *PyObject_Repr(PyObject *o);
  
       Compute the string representation of object, o.  Returns the
       string representation on success, NULL on failure.  This is
       the equivalent of the Python expression: repr(o).
  
       Called by the repr() built-in function and by reverse quotes.
  
         */
  
       /* Implemented elsewhere:
  
       PyObject *PyObject_Str(PyObject *o);
  
       Compute the string representation of object, o.  Returns the
       string representation on success, NULL on failure.  This is
       the equivalent of the Python expression: str(o).)
  
       Called by the str() built-in function and by the print
       statement.
  
         */
  
       /* Implemented elsewhere:
  
       PyObject *PyObject_Unicode(PyObject *o);
  
       Compute the unicode representation of object, o.  Returns the
       unicode representation on success, NULL on failure.  This is
       the equivalent of the Python expression: unistr(o).)
  
       Called by the unistr() built-in function.
  
         */
  
         /* Declared elsewhere
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyCallable_Check(PyObject *o);
  
       Determine if the object, o, is callable.  Return 1 if the
       object is callable and 0 otherwise.
  
       This function always succeeds.
  
         */
  
  
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_Call(PyObject *callable_object,
                                           PyObject *args, PyObject *kw);
  
         /*
       Call a callable Python object, callable_object, with
       arguments and keywords arguments.  The 'args' argument can not be
       NULL, but the 'kw' argument can be NULL.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_CallObject(PyObject *callable_object,
                                                 PyObject *args);
  
         /*
       Call a callable Python object, callable_object, with
       arguments given by the tuple, args.  If no arguments are
       needed, then args may be NULL.  Returns the result of the
       call on success, or NULL on failure.  This is the equivalent
       of the Python expression: apply(o,args).
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_CallFunction(PyObject *callable_object,
                                                   char *format, ...);
  
         /*
       Call a callable Python object, callable_object, with a
       variable number of C arguments. The C arguments are described
       using a mkvalue-style format string. The format may be NULL,
       indicating that no arguments are provided.  Returns the
       result of the call on success, or NULL on failure.  This is
       the equivalent of the Python expression: apply(o,args).
  
         */
  
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_CallMethod(PyObject *o, char *m,
                                                 char *format, ...);
  
         /*
       Call the method named m of object o with a variable number of
       C arguments.  The C arguments are described by a mkvalue
       format string.  The format may be NULL, indicating that no
       arguments are provided. Returns the result of the call on
       success, or NULL on failure.  This is the equivalent of the
       Python expression: o.method(args).
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _PyObject_CallFunction_SizeT(PyObject *callable,
                                                           char *format, ...);
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _PyObject_CallMethod_SizeT(PyObject *o,
                                                         char *name,
                                                         char *format, ...);
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(PyObject *callable,
                                                          ...);
  
         /*
       Call a callable Python object, callable_object, with a
       variable number of C arguments.  The C arguments are provided
       as PyObject * values, terminated by a NULL.  Returns the
       result of the call on success, or NULL on failure.  This is
       the equivalent of the Python expression: apply(o,args).
         */
  
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_CallMethodObjArgs(PyObject *o,
                                                        PyObject *m, ...);
  
         /*
       Call the method named m of object o with a variable number of
       C arguments.  The C arguments are provided as PyObject *
       values, terminated by NULL.  Returns the result of the call
       on success, or NULL on failure.  This is the equivalent of
       the Python expression: o.method(args).
         */
  
  
       /* Implemented elsewhere:
  
       long PyObject_Hash(PyObject *o);
  
       Compute and return the hash, hash_value, of an object, o.  On
       failure, return -1.  This is the equivalent of the Python
       expression: hash(o).
  
         */
  
  
       /* Implemented elsewhere:
  
       int PyObject_IsTrue(PyObject *o);
  
       Returns 1 if the object, o, is considered to be true, 0 if o is
       considered to be false and -1 on failure. This is equivalent to the
       Python expression: not not o
  
         */
  
       /* Implemented elsewhere:
  
       int PyObject_Not(PyObject *o);
  
       Returns 0 if the object, o, is considered to be true, 1 if o is
       considered to be false and -1 on failure. This is equivalent to the
       Python expression: not o
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_Type(PyObject *o);
  
         /*
       On success, returns a type object corresponding to the object
       type of object o. On failure, returns NULL.  This is
       equivalent to the Python expression: type(o).
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) PyObject_Size(PyObject *o);
  
         /*
       Return the size of object o.  If the object, o, provides
       both sequence and mapping protocols, the sequence size is
       returned. On error, -1 is returned.  This is the equivalent
       to the Python expression: len(o).
  
         */
  
         /* For DLL compatibility */
  #undef PyObject_Length
       PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) PyObject_Length(PyObject *o);
  #define PyObject_Length PyObject_Size
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) _PyObject_LengthHint(PyObject *o, Py_ssize_t);
  
         /*
       Guess the size of object o using len(o) or o.__length_hint__().
       If neither of those return a non-negative value, then return the
       default value.  If one of the calls fails, this function returns -1.
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_GetItem(PyObject *o, PyObject *key);
  
         /*
       Return element of o corresponding to the object, key, or NULL
       on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python expression:
       o[key].
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_SetItem(PyObject *o, PyObject *key, PyObject *v);
  
         /*
       Map the object key to the value v.  Raise an exception and return -1
       on failure; return 0 on success.  This is the equivalent of the Python
       statement o[key]=v.
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_DelItemString(PyObject *o, char *key);
  
         /*
       Remove the mapping for object, key, from the object *o.
       Returns -1 on failure.  This is equivalent to
       the Python statement: del o[key].
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_DelItem(PyObject *o, PyObject *key);
  
         /*
       Delete the mapping for key from *o.  Returns -1 on failure.
       This is the equivalent of the Python statement: del o[key].
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_AsCharBuffer(PyObject *obj,
                                            const char **buffer,
                                            Py_ssize_t *buffer_len);
  
         /*
        Takes an arbitrary object which must support the (character,
        single segment) buffer interface and returns a pointer to a
        read-only memory location useable as character based input
        for subsequent processing.
  
        0 is returned on success.  buffer and buffer_len are only
        set in case no error occurs. Otherwise, -1 is returned and
        an exception set.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_CheckReadBuffer(PyObject *obj);
  
        /*
        Checks whether an arbitrary object supports the (character,
        single segment) buffer interface.  Returns 1 on success, 0
        on failure.
  
        */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_AsReadBuffer(PyObject *obj,
                                            const void **buffer,
                                            Py_ssize_t *buffer_len);
  
         /*
        Same as PyObject_AsCharBuffer() except that this API expects
        (readable, single segment) buffer interface and returns a
        pointer to a read-only memory location which can contain
        arbitrary data.
  
        0 is returned on success.  buffer and buffer_len are only
        set in case no error occurs.  Otherwise, -1 is returned and
        an exception set.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_AsWriteBuffer(PyObject *obj,
                                             void **buffer,
                                             Py_ssize_t *buffer_len);
  
         /*
        Takes an arbitrary object which must support the (writeable,
        single segment) buffer interface and returns a pointer to a
        writeable memory location in buffer of size buffer_len.
  
        0 is returned on success.  buffer and buffer_len are only
        set in case no error occurs. Otherwise, -1 is returned and
        an exception set.
  
         */
  
      /* new buffer API */
  
  #define PyObject_CheckBuffer(obj) \
      (((obj)->ob_type->tp_as_buffer != NULL) &&                          \
       (PyType_HasFeature((obj)->ob_type, Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_NEWBUFFER)) && \
       ((obj)->ob_type->tp_as_buffer->bf_getbuffer != NULL))
  
      /* Return 1 if the getbuffer function is available, otherwise
         return 0 */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_GetBuffer(PyObject *obj, Py_buffer *view,
                                          int flags);
  
      /* This is a C-API version of the getbuffer function call.  It checks
         to make sure object has the required function pointer and issues the
         call.  Returns -1 and raises an error on failure and returns 0 on
         success
      */
  
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(void *) PyBuffer_GetPointer(Py_buffer *view, Py_ssize_t *indices);
  
      /* Get the memory area pointed to by the indices for the buffer given.
         Note that view->ndim is the assumed size of indices
      */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyBuffer_SizeFromFormat(const char *);
  
      /* Return the implied itemsize of the data-format area from a
         struct-style description */
  
  
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyBuffer_ToContiguous(void *buf, Py_buffer *view,
                                             Py_ssize_t len, char fort);
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyBuffer_FromContiguous(Py_buffer *view, void *buf,
                                               Py_ssize_t len, char fort);
  
  
      /* Copy len bytes of data from the contiguous chunk of memory
         pointed to by buf into the buffer exported by obj.  Return
         0 on success and return -1 and raise a PyBuffer_Error on
         error (i.e. the object does not have a buffer interface or
         it is not working).
  
         If fort is 'F' and the object is multi-dimensional,
         then the data will be copied into the array in
         Fortran-style (first dimension varies the fastest).  If
         fort is 'C', then the data will be copied into the array
         in C-style (last dimension varies the fastest).  If fort
         is 'A', then it does not matter and the copy will be made
         in whatever way is more efficient.
  
      */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_CopyData(PyObject *dest, PyObject *src);
  
      /* Copy the data from the src buffer to the buffer of destination
       */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyBuffer_IsContiguous(Py_buffer *view, char fort);
  
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyBuffer_FillContiguousStrides(int ndims,
                                                      Py_ssize_t *shape,
                                                      Py_ssize_t *strides,
                                                      int itemsize,
                                                      char fort);
  
      /*  Fill the strides array with byte-strides of a contiguous
          (Fortran-style if fort is 'F' or C-style otherwise)
          array of the given shape with the given number of bytes
          per element.
      */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyBuffer_FillInfo(Py_buffer *view, PyObject *o, void *buf,
                                         Py_ssize_t len, int readonly,
                                         int flags);
  
      /* Fills in a buffer-info structure correctly for an exporter
         that can only share a contiguous chunk of memory of
         "unsigned bytes" of the given length. Returns 0 on success
         and -1 (with raising an error) on error.
       */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyBuffer_Release(Py_buffer *view);
  
         /* Releases a Py_buffer obtained from getbuffer ParseTuple's s*.
      */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_Format(PyObject* obj,
                                              PyObject *format_spec);
         /*
       Takes an arbitrary object and returns the result of
       calling obj.__format__(format_spec).
         */
  
  /* Iterators */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyObject_GetIter(PyObject *);
       /* Takes an object and returns an iterator for it.
      This is typically a new iterator but if the argument
      is an iterator, this returns itself. */
  
  #define PyIter_Check(obj) \
      (PyType_HasFeature((obj)->ob_type, Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_ITER) && \
       (obj)->ob_type->tp_iternext != NULL && \
       (obj)->ob_type->tp_iternext != &_PyObject_NextNotImplemented)
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyIter_Next(PyObject *);
       /* Takes an iterator object and calls its tp_iternext slot,
      returning the next value.  If the iterator is exhausted,
      this returns NULL without setting an exception.
      NULL with an exception means an error occurred. */
  
  /*  Number Protocol:*/
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyNumber_Check(PyObject *o);
  
         /*
       Returns 1 if the object, o, provides numeric protocols, and
       false otherwise.
  
       This function always succeeds.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_Add(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the result of adding o1 and o2, or null on failure.
       This is the equivalent of the Python expression: o1+o2.
  
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_Subtract(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the result of subtracting o2 from o1, or null on
       failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python expression:
       o1-o2.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_Multiply(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the result of multiplying o1 and o2, or null on
       failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python expression:
       o1*o2.
  
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_Divide(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the result of dividing o1 by o2, or null on failure.
       This is the equivalent of the Python expression: o1/o2.
  
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_FloorDivide(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the result of dividing o1 by o2 giving an integral result,
       or null on failure.
       This is the equivalent of the Python expression: o1//o2.
  
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_TrueDivide(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the result of dividing o1 by o2 giving a float result,
       or null on failure.
       This is the equivalent of the Python expression: o1/o2.
  
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_Remainder(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the remainder of dividing o1 by o2, or null on
       failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python expression:
       o1%o2.
  
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_Divmod(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       See the built-in function divmod.  Returns NULL on failure.
       This is the equivalent of the Python expression:
       divmod(o1,o2).
  
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_Power(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2,
                                            PyObject *o3);
  
         /*
       See the built-in function pow.  Returns NULL on failure.
       This is the equivalent of the Python expression:
       pow(o1,o2,o3), where o3 is optional.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_Negative(PyObject *o);
  
         /*
       Returns the negation of o on success, or null on failure.
       This is the equivalent of the Python expression: -o.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_Positive(PyObject *o);
  
         /*
       Returns the (what?) of o on success, or NULL on failure.
       This is the equivalent of the Python expression: +o.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_Absolute(PyObject *o);
  
         /*
       Returns the absolute value of o, or null on failure.  This is
       the equivalent of the Python expression: abs(o).
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_Invert(PyObject *o);
  
         /*
       Returns the bitwise negation of o on success, or NULL on
       failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python expression:
       ~o.
  
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_Lshift(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the result of left shifting o1 by o2 on success, or
       NULL on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python
       expression: o1 << o2.
  
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_Rshift(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the result of right shifting o1 by o2 on success, or
       NULL on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python
       expression: o1 >> o2.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_And(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the result of bitwise and of o1 and o2 on success, or
       NULL on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python
       expression: o1&o2.
  
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_Xor(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the bitwise exclusive or of o1 by o2 on success, or
       NULL on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python
       expression: o1^o2.
  
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_Or(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the result of bitwise or on o1 and o2 on success, or
       NULL on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python
       expression: o1|o2.
  
         */
  
       /* Implemented elsewhere:
  
       int PyNumber_Coerce(PyObject **p1, PyObject **p2);
  
       This function takes the addresses of two variables of type
       PyObject*.
  
       If the objects pointed to by *p1 and *p2 have the same type,
       increment their reference count and return 0 (success).
       If the objects can be converted to a common numeric type,
       replace *p1 and *p2 by their converted value (with 'new'
       reference counts), and return 0.
       If no conversion is possible, or if some other error occurs,
       return -1 (failure) and don't increment the reference counts.
       The call PyNumber_Coerce(&o1, &o2) is equivalent to the Python
       statement o1, o2 = coerce(o1, o2).
  
         */
  
  #define PyIndex_Check(obj) \
     ((obj)->ob_type->tp_as_number != NULL && \
      PyType_HasFeature((obj)->ob_type, Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_INDEX) && \
      (obj)->ob_type->tp_as_number->nb_index != NULL)
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_Index(PyObject *o);
  
         /*
       Returns the object converted to a Python long or int
       or NULL with an error raised on failure.
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) PyNumber_AsSsize_t(PyObject *o, PyObject *exc);
  
         /*
       Returns the Integral instance converted to an int. The
       instance is expected to be int or long or have an __int__
       method. Steals integral's reference. error_format will be
       used to create the TypeError if integral isn't actually an
       Integral instance. error_format should be a format string
       that can accept a char* naming integral's type.
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _PyNumber_ConvertIntegralToInt(
           PyObject *integral,
           const char* error_format);
  
         /*
      Returns the object converted to Py_ssize_t by going through
      PyNumber_Index first.  If an overflow error occurs while
      converting the int-or-long to Py_ssize_t, then the second argument
      is the error-type to return.  If it is NULL, then the overflow error
      is cleared and the value is clipped.
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_Int(PyObject *o);
  
         /*
       Returns the o converted to an integer object on success, or
       NULL on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python
       expression: int(o).
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_Long(PyObject *o);
  
         /*
       Returns the o converted to a long integer object on success,
       or NULL on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python
       expression: long(o).
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_Float(PyObject *o);
  
         /*
       Returns the o converted to a float object on success, or NULL
       on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python expression:
       float(o).
         */
  
  /*  In-place variants of (some of) the above number protocol functions */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_InPlaceAdd(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the result of adding o2 to o1, possibly in-place, or null
       on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python expression:
       o1 += o2.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_InPlaceSubtract(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the result of subtracting o2 from o1, possibly in-place or
       null on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python expression:
       o1 -= o2.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_InPlaceMultiply(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the result of multiplying o1 by o2, possibly in-place, or
       null on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python expression:
       o1 *= o2.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_InPlaceDivide(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the result of dividing o1 by o2, possibly in-place, or null
       on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python expression:
       o1 /= o2.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_InPlaceFloorDivide(PyObject *o1,
                                                         PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the result of dividing o1 by o2 giving an integral result,
       possibly in-place, or null on failure.
       This is the equivalent of the Python expression:
       o1 /= o2.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_InPlaceTrueDivide(PyObject *o1,
                                                        PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the result of dividing o1 by o2 giving a float result,
       possibly in-place, or null on failure.
       This is the equivalent of the Python expression:
       o1 /= o2.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_InPlaceRemainder(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the remainder of dividing o1 by o2, possibly in-place, or
       null on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python expression:
       o1 %= o2.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_InPlacePower(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2,
                                                   PyObject *o3);
  
         /*
       Returns the result of raising o1 to the power of o2, possibly
       in-place, or null on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python
       expression: o1 **= o2, or pow(o1, o2, o3) if o3 is present.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_InPlaceLshift(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the result of left shifting o1 by o2, possibly in-place, or
       null on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python expression:
       o1 <<= o2.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_InPlaceRshift(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the result of right shifting o1 by o2, possibly in-place or
       null on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python expression:
       o1 >>= o2.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_InPlaceAnd(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the result of bitwise and of o1 and o2, possibly in-place,
       or null on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python
       expression: o1 &= o2.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_InPlaceXor(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the bitwise exclusive or of o1 by o2, possibly in-place, or
       null on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python expression:
       o1 ^= o2.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_InPlaceOr(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Returns the result of bitwise or of o1 and o2, possibly in-place,
       or null on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python
       expression: o1 |= o2.
  
         */
  
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyNumber_ToBase(PyObject *n, int base);
  
         /*
       Returns the integer n converted to a string with a base, with a base
       marker of 0b, 0o or 0x prefixed if applicable.
       If n is not an int object, it is converted with PyNumber_Index first.
         */
  
  
  /*  Sequence protocol:*/
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PySequence_Check(PyObject *o);
  
         /*
       Return 1 if the object provides sequence protocol, and zero
       otherwise.
  
       This function always succeeds.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) PySequence_Size(PyObject *o);
  
         /*
       Return the size of sequence object o, or -1 on failure.
  
         */
  
         /* For DLL compatibility */
  #undef PySequence_Length
       PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) PySequence_Length(PyObject *o);
  #define PySequence_Length PySequence_Size
  
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PySequence_Concat(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Return the concatenation of o1 and o2 on success, and NULL on
       failure.   This is the equivalent of the Python
       expression: o1+o2.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PySequence_Repeat(PyObject *o, Py_ssize_t count);
  
         /*
       Return the result of repeating sequence object o count times,
       or NULL on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python
       expression: o1*count.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PySequence_GetItem(PyObject *o, Py_ssize_t i);
  
         /*
       Return the ith element of o, or NULL on failure. This is the
       equivalent of the Python expression: o[i].
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PySequence_GetSlice(PyObject *o, Py_ssize_t i1, Py_ssize_t i2);
  
         /*
       Return the slice of sequence object o between i1 and i2, or
       NULL on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python
       expression: o[i1:i2].
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PySequence_SetItem(PyObject *o, Py_ssize_t i, PyObject *v);
  
         /*
       Assign object v to the ith element of o.  Raise an exception and return
       -1 on failure; return 0 on success.  This is the equivalent of the
       Python statement o[i]=v.
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PySequence_DelItem(PyObject *o, Py_ssize_t i);
  
         /*
       Delete the ith element of object v.  Returns
       -1 on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python
       statement: del o[i].
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PySequence_SetSlice(PyObject *o, Py_ssize_t i1, Py_ssize_t i2,
                                          PyObject *v);
  
         /*
       Assign the sequence object, v, to the slice in sequence
       object, o, from i1 to i2.  Raise an exception and return
       -1 on failure; return 0 on success.  This is the
       equivalent of the Python statement: o[i1:i2]=v.
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PySequence_DelSlice(PyObject *o, Py_ssize_t i1, Py_ssize_t i2);
  
         /*
       Delete the slice in sequence object, o, from i1 to i2.
       Returns -1 on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python
       statement: del o[i1:i2].
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PySequence_Tuple(PyObject *o);
  
         /*
       Returns the sequence, o, as a tuple on success, and NULL on failure.
       This is equivalent to the Python expression: tuple(o)
         */
  
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PySequence_List(PyObject *o);
         /*
       Returns the sequence, o, as a list on success, and NULL on failure.
       This is equivalent to the Python expression: list(o)
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PySequence_Fast(PyObject *o, const char* m);
         /*
       Return the sequence, o, as a list, unless it's already a
       tuple or list.  Use PySequence_Fast_GET_ITEM to access the
       members of this list, and PySequence_Fast_GET_SIZE to get its length.
  
       Returns NULL on failure.  If the object does not support iteration,
       raises a TypeError exception with m as the message text.
         */
  
  #define PySequence_Fast_GET_SIZE(o) \
      (PyList_Check(o) ? PyList_GET_SIZE(o) : PyTuple_GET_SIZE(o))
         /*
       Return the size of o, assuming that o was returned by
       PySequence_Fast and is not NULL.
         */
  
  #define PySequence_Fast_GET_ITEM(o, i)\
       (PyList_Check(o) ? PyList_GET_ITEM(o, i) : PyTuple_GET_ITEM(o, i))
         /*
       Return the ith element of o, assuming that o was returned by
       PySequence_Fast, and that i is within bounds.
         */
  
  #define PySequence_ITEM(o, i)\
      ( Py_TYPE(o)->tp_as_sequence->sq_item(o, i) )
         /* Assume tp_as_sequence and sq_item exist and that i does not
        need to be corrected for a negative index
         */
  
  #define PySequence_Fast_ITEMS(sf) \
      (PyList_Check(sf) ? ((PyListObject *)(sf))->ob_item \
                        : ((PyTupleObject *)(sf))->ob_item)
      /* Return a pointer to the underlying item array for
         an object retured by PySequence_Fast */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) PySequence_Count(PyObject *o, PyObject *value);
  
         /*
       Return the number of occurrences on value on o, that is,
       return the number of keys for which o[key]==value.  On
       failure, return -1.  This is equivalent to the Python
       expression: o.count(value).
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PySequence_Contains(PyObject *seq, PyObject *ob);
         /*
       Return -1 if error; 1 if ob in seq; 0 if ob not in seq.
       Use __contains__ if possible, else _PySequence_IterSearch().
         */
  
  #define PY_ITERSEARCH_COUNT    1
  #define PY_ITERSEARCH_INDEX    2
  #define PY_ITERSEARCH_CONTAINS 3
       PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) _PySequence_IterSearch(PyObject *seq,
                                          PyObject *obj, int operation);
      /*
        Iterate over seq.  Result depends on the operation:
        PY_ITERSEARCH_COUNT:  return # of times obj appears in seq; -1 if
          error.
        PY_ITERSEARCH_INDEX:  return 0-based index of first occurrence of
          obj in seq; set ValueError and return -1 if none found;
          also return -1 on error.
        PY_ITERSEARCH_CONTAINS:  return 1 if obj in seq, else 0; -1 on
          error.
      */
  
  /* For DLL-level backwards compatibility */
  #undef PySequence_In
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PySequence_In(PyObject *o, PyObject *value);
  
  /* For source-level backwards compatibility */
  #define PySequence_In PySequence_Contains
  
         /*
       Determine if o contains value.  If an item in o is equal to
       X, return 1, otherwise return 0.  On error, return -1.  This
       is equivalent to the Python expression: value in o.
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) PySequence_Index(PyObject *o, PyObject *value);
  
         /*
       Return the first index for which o[i]=value.  On error,
       return -1.    This is equivalent to the Python
       expression: o.index(value).
         */
  
  /* In-place versions of some of the above Sequence functions. */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PySequence_InPlaceConcat(PyObject *o1, PyObject *o2);
  
         /*
       Append o2 to o1, in-place when possible. Return the resulting
       object, which could be o1, or NULL on failure.  This is the
       equivalent of the Python expression: o1 += o2.
  
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PySequence_InPlaceRepeat(PyObject *o, Py_ssize_t count);
  
         /*
       Repeat o1 by count, in-place when possible. Return the resulting
       object, which could be o1, or NULL on failure.  This is the
       equivalent of the Python expression: o1 *= count.
  
         */
  
  /*  Mapping protocol:*/
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyMapping_Check(PyObject *o);
  
         /*
       Return 1 if the object provides mapping protocol, and zero
       otherwise.
  
       This function always succeeds.
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) PyMapping_Size(PyObject *o);
  
         /*
       Returns the number of keys in object o on success, and -1 on
       failure.  For objects that do not provide sequence protocol,
       this is equivalent to the Python expression: len(o).
         */
  
         /* For DLL compatibility */
  #undef PyMapping_Length
       PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) PyMapping_Length(PyObject *o);
  #define PyMapping_Length PyMapping_Size
  
  
       /* implemented as a macro:
  
       int PyMapping_DelItemString(PyObject *o, char *key);
  
       Remove the mapping for object, key, from the object *o.
       Returns -1 on failure.  This is equivalent to
       the Python statement: del o[key].
         */
  #define PyMapping_DelItemString(O,K) PyObject_DelItemString((O),(K))
  
       /* implemented as a macro:
  
       int PyMapping_DelItem(PyObject *o, PyObject *key);
  
       Remove the mapping for object, key, from the object *o.
       Returns -1 on failure.  This is equivalent to
       the Python statement: del o[key].
         */
  #define PyMapping_DelItem(O,K) PyObject_DelItem((O),(K))
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyMapping_HasKeyString(PyObject *o, char *key);
  
         /*
       On success, return 1 if the mapping object has the key, key,
       and 0 otherwise.  This is equivalent to the Python expression:
       o.has_key(key).
  
       This function always succeeds.
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyMapping_HasKey(PyObject *o, PyObject *key);
  
         /*
       Return 1 if the mapping object has the key, key,
       and 0 otherwise.  This is equivalent to the Python expression:
       o.has_key(key).
  
       This function always succeeds.
  
         */
  
       /* Implemented as macro:
  
       PyObject *PyMapping_Keys(PyObject *o);
  
       On success, return a list of the keys in object o.  On
       failure, return NULL. This is equivalent to the Python
       expression: o.keys().
         */
  #define PyMapping_Keys(O) PyObject_CallMethod(O,"keys",NULL)
  
       /* Implemented as macro:
  
       PyObject *PyMapping_Values(PyObject *o);
  
       On success, return a list of the values in object o.  On
       failure, return NULL. This is equivalent to the Python
       expression: o.values().
         */
  #define PyMapping_Values(O) PyObject_CallMethod(O,"values",NULL)
  
       /* Implemented as macro:
  
       PyObject *PyMapping_Items(PyObject *o);
  
       On success, return a list of the items in object o, where
       each item is a tuple containing a key-value pair.  On
       failure, return NULL. This is equivalent to the Python
       expression: o.items().
  
         */
  #define PyMapping_Items(O) PyObject_CallMethod(O,"items",NULL)
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyMapping_GetItemString(PyObject *o, char *key);
  
         /*
       Return element of o corresponding to the object, key, or NULL
       on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python expression:
       o[key].
         */
  
       PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyMapping_SetItemString(PyObject *o, char *key,
                                              PyObject *value);
  
         /*
       Map the object, key, to the value, v.  Returns
       -1 on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python
       statement: o[key]=v.
        */
  
  
  PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_IsInstance(PyObject *object, PyObject *typeorclass);
        /* isinstance(object, typeorclass) */
  
  PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyObject_IsSubclass(PyObject *object, PyObject *typeorclass);
        /* issubclass(object, typeorclass) */
  
  
  PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyObject_RealIsInstance(PyObject *inst, PyObject *cls);
  
  PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyObject_RealIsSubclass(PyObject *derived, PyObject *cls);
  
  
  /* For internal use by buffer API functions */
  PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_add_one_to_index_F(int nd, Py_ssize_t *index,
                                          const Py_ssize_t *shape);
  PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_add_one_to_index_C(int nd, Py_ssize_t *index,
                                          const Py_ssize_t *shape);
  
  
  #ifdef __cplusplus
  }
  #endif
  #endif /* Py_ABSTRACTOBJECT_H */
  