text: import os
  from typing import List, Tuple, Optional
  
  import torch
  
  import torchaudio
  from torchaudio._internal import module_utils as _mod_utils
  from torchaudio.utils.sox_utils import list_effects
  
  
  @_mod_utils.requires_module('torchaudio._torchaudio')
  def init_sox_effects():
      """Initialize resources required to use sox effects.
  
      Note:
          You do not need to call this function manually. It is called automatically.
  
      Once initialized, you do not need to call this function again across the multiple uses of
      sox effects though it is safe to do so as long as :func:`shutdown_sox_effects` is not called yet.
      Once :func:`shutdown_sox_effects` is called, you can no longer use SoX effects and initializing
      again will result in error.
      """
      torch.ops.torchaudio.sox_effects_initialize_sox_effects()
  
  
  @_mod_utils.requires_module("torchaudio._torchaudio")
  def shutdown_sox_effects():
      """Clean up resources required to use sox effects.
  
      Note:
          You do not need to call this function manually. It is called automatically.
  
      It is safe to call this function multiple times.
      Once :py:func:`shutdown_sox_effects` is called, you can no longer use SoX effects and
      initializing again will result in error.
      """
      torch.ops.torchaudio.sox_effects_shutdown_sox_effects()
  
  
  @_mod_utils.requires_module('torchaudio._torchaudio')
  def effect_names() -> List[str]:
      """Gets list of valid sox effect names
  
      Returns:
          List[str]: list of available effect names.
  
      Example
          >>> torchaudio.sox_effects.effect_names()
          ['allpass', 'band', 'bandpass', ... ]
      """
      return list(list_effects().keys())
  
  
  @_mod_utils.requires_module('torchaudio._torchaudio')
  def apply_effects_tensor(
          tensor: torch.Tensor,
          sample_rate: int,
          effects: List[List[str]],
          channels_first: bool = True,
  ) -> Tuple[torch.Tensor, int]:
      """Apply sox effects to given Tensor
  
      Note:
          This function works in the way very similar to ``sox`` command, however there are slight
          differences. For example, ``sox`` command adds certain effects automatically (such as
          ``rate`` effect after ``speed`` and ``pitch`` and other effects), but this function does
          only applies the given effects. (Therefore, to actually apply ``speed`` effect, you also
          need to give ``rate`` effect with desired sampling rate.)
  
      Args:
          tensor (torch.Tensor): Input 2D Tensor.
          sample_rate (int): Sample rate
          effects (List[List[str]]): List of effects.
          channels_first (bool): Indicates if the input Tensor's dimension is
              ``[channels, time]`` or ``[time, channels]``
  
      Returns:
          Tuple[torch.Tensor, int]: Resulting Tensor and sample rate.
          The resulting Tensor has the same ``dtype`` as the input Tensor, and
          the same channels order. The shape of the Tensor can be different based on the
          effects applied. Sample rate can also be different based on the effects applied.
  
      Example - Basic usage
          >>>
          >>> # Defines the effects to apply
          >>> effects = [
          ...     ['gain', '-n'],  # normalises to 0dB
          ...     ['pitch', '5'],  # 5 cent pitch shift
          ...     ['rate', '8000'],  # resample to 8000 Hz
          ... ]
          >>>
          >>> # Generate pseudo wave:
          >>> # normalized, channels first, 2ch, sampling rate 16000, 1 second
          >>> sample_rate = 16000
          >>> waveform = 2 * torch.rand([2, sample_rate * 1]) - 1
          >>> waveform.shape
          torch.Size([2, 16000])
          >>> waveform
          tensor([[ 0.3138,  0.7620, -0.9019,  ..., -0.7495, -0.4935,  0.5442],
                  [-0.0832,  0.0061,  0.8233,  ..., -0.5176, -0.9140, -0.2434]])
          >>>
          >>> # Apply effects
          >>> waveform, sample_rate = apply_effects_tensor(
          ...     wave_form, sample_rate, effects, channels_first=True)
          >>>
          >>> # Check the result
          >>> # The new waveform is sampling rate 8000, 1 second.
          >>> # normalization and channel order are preserved
          >>> waveform.shape
          torch.Size([2, 8000])
          >>> waveform
          tensor([[ 0.5054, -0.5518, -0.4800,  ..., -0.0076,  0.0096, -0.0110],
                  [ 0.1331,  0.0436, -0.3783,  ..., -0.0035,  0.0012,  0.0008]])
          >>> sample_rate
          8000
  
      Example - Torchscript-able transform
          >>>
          >>> # Use `apply_effects_tensor` in `torch.nn.Module` and dump it to file,
          >>> # then run sox effect via Torchscript runtime.
          >>>
          >>> class SoxEffectTransform(torch.nn.Module):
          ...     effects: List[List[str]]
          ...
          ...     def __init__(self, effects: List[List[str]]):
          ...         super().__init__()
          ...         self.effects = effects
          ...
          ...     def forward(self, tensor: torch.Tensor, sample_rate: int):
          ...         return sox_effects.apply_effects_tensor(
          ...             tensor, sample_rate, self.effects)
          ...
          ...
          >>> # Create transform object
          >>> effects = [
          ...     ["lowpass", "-1", "300"],  # apply single-pole lowpass filter
          ...     ["rate", "8000"],  # change sample rate to 8000
          ... ]
          >>> transform = SoxEffectTensorTransform(effects, input_sample_rate)
          >>>
          >>> # Dump it to file and load
          >>> path = 'sox_effect.zip'
          >>> torch.jit.script(trans).save(path)
          >>> transform = torch.jit.load(path)
          >>>
          >>>> # Run transform
          >>> waveform, input_sample_rate = torchaudio.load("input.wav")
          >>> waveform, sample_rate = transform(waveform, input_sample_rate)
          >>> assert sample_rate == 8000
      """
      return torch.ops.torchaudio.sox_effects_apply_effects_tensor(
          tensor, sample_rate, effects, channels_first)
  
  
  @_mod_utils.requires_module('torchaudio._torchaudio')
  def apply_effects_file(
          path: str,
          effects: List[List[str]],
          normalize: bool = True,
          channels_first: bool = True,
          format: Optional[str] = None,
  ) -> Tuple[torch.Tensor, int]:
      """Apply sox effects to the audio file and load the resulting data as Tensor
  
      Note:
          This function works in the way very similar to ``sox`` command, however there are slight
          differences. For example, ``sox`` commnad adds certain effects automatically (such as
          ``rate`` effect after ``speed``, ``pitch`` etc), but this function only applies the given
          effects. Therefore, to actually apply ``speed`` effect, you also need to give ``rate``
          effect with desired sampling rate, because internally, ``speed`` effects only alter sampling
          rate and leave samples untouched.
  
      Args:
          path (path-like object or file-like object):
              Source of audio data. When the function is not compiled by TorchScript,
              (e.g. ``torch.jit.script``), the following types are accepted:
  
                    * ``path-like``: file path
                    * ``file-like``: Object with ``read(size: int) -> bytes`` method,
                      which returns byte string of at most ``size`` length.
  
              When the function is compiled by TorchScript, only ``str`` type is allowed.
  
              Note: This argument is intentionally annotated as ``str`` only for
              TorchScript compiler compatibility.
          effects (List[List[str]]): List of effects.
          normalize (bool):
              When ``True``, this function always return ``float32``, and sample values are
              normalized to ``[-1.0, 1.0]``.
              If input file is integer WAV, giving ``False`` will change the resulting Tensor type to
              integer type. This argument has no effect for formats other
              than integer WAV type.
          channels_first (bool): When True, the returned Tensor has dimension ``[channel, time]``.
              Otherwise, the returned Tensor's dimension is ``[time, channel]``.
          format (str, optional):
              Override the format detection with the given format.
              Providing the argument might help when libsox can not infer the format
              from header or extension,
  
      Returns:
          Tuple[torch.Tensor, int]: Resulting Tensor and sample rate.
          If ``normalize=True``, the resulting Tensor is always ``float32`` type.
          If ``normalize=False`` and the input audio file is of integer WAV file, then the
          resulting Tensor has corresponding integer type. (Note 24 bit integer type is not supported)
          If ``channels_first=True``, the resulting Tensor has dimension ``[channel, time]``,
          otherwise ``[time, channel]``.
  
      Example - Basic usage
          >>>
          >>> # Defines the effects to apply
          >>> effects = [
          ...     ['gain', '-n'],  # normalises to 0dB
          ...     ['pitch', '5'],  # 5 cent pitch shift
          ...     ['rate', '8000'],  # resample to 8000 Hz
          ... ]
          >>>
          >>> # Apply effects and load data with channels_first=True
          >>> waveform, sample_rate = apply_effects_file("data.wav", effects, channels_first=True)
          >>>
          >>> # Check the result
          >>> waveform.shape
          torch.Size([2, 8000])
          >>> waveform
          tensor([[ 5.1151e-03,  1.8073e-02,  2.2188e-02,  ...,  1.0431e-07,
                   -1.4761e-07,  1.8114e-07],
                  [-2.6924e-03,  2.1860e-03,  1.0650e-02,  ...,  6.4122e-07,
                   -5.6159e-07,  4.8103e-07]])
          >>> sample_rate
          8000
  
      Example - Apply random speed perturbation to dataset
          >>>
          >>> # Load data from file, apply random speed perturbation
          >>> class RandomPerturbationFile(torch.utils.data.Dataset):
          ...     \"\"\"Given flist, apply random speed perturbation
          ...
          ...     Suppose all the input files are at least one second long.
          ...     \"\"\"
          ...     def __init__(self, flist: List[str], sample_rate: int):
          ...         super().__init__()
          ...         self.flist = flist
          ...         self.sample_rate = sample_rate
          ...
          ...     def __getitem__(self, index):
          ...         speed = 0.5 + 1.5 * random.randn()
          ...         effects = [
          ...             ['gain', '-n', '-10'],  # apply 10 db attenuation
          ...             ['remix', '-'],  # merge all the channels
          ...             ['speed', f'{speed:.5f}'],  # duration is now 0.5 ~ 2.0 seconds.
          ...             ['rate', f'{self.sample_rate}'],
          ...             ['pad', '0', '1.5'],  # add 1.5 seconds silence at the end
          ...             ['trim', '0', '2'],  # get the first 2 seconds
          ...         ]
          ...         waveform, _ = torchaudio.sox_effects.apply_effects_file(
          ...             self.flist[index], effects)
          ...         return waveform
          ...
          ...     def __len__(self):
          ...         return len(self.flist)
          ...
          >>> dataset = RandomPerturbationFile(file_list, sample_rate=8000)
          >>> loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(dataset, batch_size=32)
          >>> for batch in loader:
          >>>     pass
      """
      if not torch.jit.is_scripting():
          if hasattr(path, 'read'):
              return torchaudio._torchaudio.apply_effects_fileobj(
                  path, effects, normalize, channels_first, format)
          path = os.fspath(path)
      return torch.ops.torchaudio.sox_effects_apply_effects_file(
          path, effects, normalize, channels_first, format)
  