text: /*
   * Copyright (c) 1997, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   *
   * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   *
   * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
   * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
   * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
   * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
   * accompanied this code).
   *
   * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
   * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
   * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
   *
   * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
   * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
   * questions.
   *
   */
  
  #ifndef SHARE_VM_UTILITIES_GLOBALDEFINITIONS_HPP
  #define SHARE_VM_UTILITIES_GLOBALDEFINITIONS_HPP
  
  #include "utilities/compilerWarnings.hpp"
  #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
  #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  
  #include COMPILER_HEADER(utilities/globalDefinitions)
  
  // Defaults for macros that might be defined per compiler.
  #ifndef NOINLINE
  #define NOINLINE
  #endif
  #ifndef ALWAYSINLINE
  #define ALWAYSINLINE inline
  #endif
  
  #ifndef ATTRIBUTE_ALIGNED
  #define ATTRIBUTE_ALIGNED(x)
  #endif
  
  // This file holds all globally used constants & types, class (forward)
  // declarations and a few frequently used utility functions.
  
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Printf-style formatters for fixed- and variable-width types as pointers and
  // integers.  These are derived from the definitions in inttypes.h.  If the platform
  // doesn't provide appropriate definitions, they should be provided in
  // the compiler-specific definitions file (e.g., globalDefinitions_gcc.hpp)
  
  #define BOOL_TO_STR(_b_) ((_b_) ? "true" : "false")
  
  // Format 32-bit quantities.
  #define INT32_FORMAT           "%" PRId32
  #define UINT32_FORMAT          "%" PRIu32
  #define INT32_FORMAT_W(width)  "%" #width PRId32
  #define UINT32_FORMAT_W(width) "%" #width PRIu32
  
  #define PTR32_FORMAT           "0x%08" PRIx32
  #define PTR32_FORMAT_W(width)  "0x%" #width PRIx32
  
  // Format 64-bit quantities.
  #define INT64_FORMAT           "%" PRId64
  #define UINT64_FORMAT          "%" PRIu64
  #define UINT64_FORMAT_X        "%" PRIx64
  #define INT64_FORMAT_W(width)  "%" #width PRId64
  #define UINT64_FORMAT_W(width) "%" #width PRIu64
  
  #define PTR64_FORMAT           "0x%016" PRIx64
  
  // Format jlong, if necessary
  #ifndef JLONG_FORMAT
  #define JLONG_FORMAT           INT64_FORMAT
  #endif
  #ifndef JULONG_FORMAT
  #define JULONG_FORMAT          UINT64_FORMAT
  #endif
  #ifndef JULONG_FORMAT_X
  #define JULONG_FORMAT_X        UINT64_FORMAT_X
  #endif
  
  // Format pointers which change size between 32- and 64-bit.
  #ifdef  _LP64
  #define INTPTR_FORMAT "0x%016" PRIxPTR
  #define PTR_FORMAT    "0x%016" PRIxPTR
  #else   // !_LP64
  #define INTPTR_FORMAT "0x%08"  PRIxPTR
  #define PTR_FORMAT    "0x%08"  PRIxPTR
  #endif  // _LP64
  
  // Format pointers without leading zeros
  #define INTPTRNZ_FORMAT "0x%"  PRIxPTR
  
  #define INTPTR_FORMAT_W(width)   "%" #width PRIxPTR
  
  #define SSIZE_FORMAT             "%"   PRIdPTR
  #define SIZE_FORMAT              "%"   PRIuPTR
  #define SIZE_FORMAT_HEX          "0x%" PRIxPTR
  #define SSIZE_FORMAT_W(width)    "%"   #width PRIdPTR
  #define SIZE_FORMAT_W(width)     "%"   #width PRIuPTR
  #define SIZE_FORMAT_HEX_W(width) "0x%" #width PRIxPTR
  
  #define INTX_FORMAT           "%" PRIdPTR
  #define UINTX_FORMAT          "%" PRIuPTR
  #define INTX_FORMAT_W(width)  "%" #width PRIdPTR
  #define UINTX_FORMAT_W(width) "%" #width PRIuPTR
  
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Constants
  
  const int LogBytesPerShort   = 1;
  const int LogBytesPerInt     = 2;
  #ifdef _LP64
  const int LogBytesPerWord    = 3;
  #else
  const int LogBytesPerWord    = 2;
  #endif
  const int LogBytesPerLong    = 3;
  
  const int BytesPerShort      = 1 << LogBytesPerShort;
  const int BytesPerInt        = 1 << LogBytesPerInt;
  const int BytesPerWord       = 1 << LogBytesPerWord;
  const int BytesPerLong       = 1 << LogBytesPerLong;
  
  const int LogBitsPerByte     = 3;
  const int LogBitsPerShort    = LogBitsPerByte + LogBytesPerShort;
  const int LogBitsPerInt      = LogBitsPerByte + LogBytesPerInt;
  const int LogBitsPerWord     = LogBitsPerByte + LogBytesPerWord;
  const int LogBitsPerLong     = LogBitsPerByte + LogBytesPerLong;
  
  const int BitsPerByte        = 1 << LogBitsPerByte;
  const int BitsPerShort       = 1 << LogBitsPerShort;
  const int BitsPerInt         = 1 << LogBitsPerInt;
  const int BitsPerWord        = 1 << LogBitsPerWord;
  const int BitsPerLong        = 1 << LogBitsPerLong;
  
  const int WordAlignmentMask  = (1 << LogBytesPerWord) - 1;
  const int LongAlignmentMask  = (1 << LogBytesPerLong) - 1;
  
  const int WordsPerLong       = 2;       // Number of stack entries for longs
  
  const int oopSize            = sizeof(char*); // Full-width oop
  extern int heapOopSize;                       // Oop within a java object
  const int wordSize           = sizeof(char*);
  const int longSize           = sizeof(jlong);
  const int jintSize           = sizeof(jint);
  const int size_tSize         = sizeof(size_t);
  
  const int BytesPerOop        = BytesPerWord;  // Full-width oop
  
  extern int LogBytesPerHeapOop;                // Oop within a java object
  extern int LogBitsPerHeapOop;
  extern int BytesPerHeapOop;
  extern int BitsPerHeapOop;
  
  const int BitsPerJavaInteger = 32;
  const int BitsPerJavaLong    = 64;
  const int BitsPerSize_t      = size_tSize * BitsPerByte;
  
  // Size of a char[] needed to represent a jint as a string in decimal.
  const int jintAsStringSize = 12;
  
  // In fact this should be
  // log2_intptr(sizeof(class JavaThread)) - log2_intptr(64);
  // see os::set_memory_serialize_page()
  #ifdef _LP64
  const int SerializePageShiftCount = 4;
  #else
  const int SerializePageShiftCount = 3;
  #endif
  
  // An opaque struct of heap-word width, so that HeapWord* can be a generic
  // pointer into the heap.  We require that object sizes be measured in
  // units of heap words, so that that
  //   HeapWord* hw;
  //   hw += oop(hw)->foo();
  // works, where foo is a method (like size or scavenge) that returns the
  // object size.
  class HeapWord {
    friend class VMStructs;
   private:
    char* i;
  #ifndef PRODUCT
   public:
    char* value() { return i; }
  #endif
  };
  
  // Analogous opaque struct for metadata allocated from
  // metaspaces.
  class MetaWord {
   private:
    char* i;
  };
  
  // HeapWordSize must be 2^LogHeapWordSize.
  const int HeapWordSize        = sizeof(HeapWord);
  #ifdef _LP64
  const int LogHeapWordSize     = 3;
  #else
  const int LogHeapWordSize     = 2;
  #endif
  const int HeapWordsPerLong    = BytesPerLong / HeapWordSize;
  const int LogHeapWordsPerLong = LogBytesPerLong - LogHeapWordSize;
  
  // The minimum number of native machine words necessary to contain "byte_size"
  // bytes.
  inline size_t heap_word_size(size_t byte_size) {
    return (byte_size + (HeapWordSize-1)) >> LogHeapWordSize;
  }
  
  //-------------------------------------------
  // Constant for jlong (standardized by C++11)
  
  // Build a 64bit integer constant
  #define CONST64(x)  (x ## LL)
  #define UCONST64(x) (x ## ULL)
  
  const jlong min_jlong = CONST64(0x8000000000000000);
  const jlong max_jlong = CONST64(0x7fffffffffffffff);
  
  const size_t K                  = 1024;
  const size_t M                  = K*K;
  const size_t G                  = M*K;
  const size_t HWperKB            = K / sizeof(HeapWord);
  
  // Constants for converting from a base unit to milli-base units.  For
  // example from seconds to milliseconds and microseconds
  
  const int MILLIUNITS    = 1000;         // milli units per base unit
  const int MICROUNITS    = 1000000;      // micro units per base unit
  const int NANOUNITS     = 1000000000;   // nano units per base unit
  
  const jlong NANOSECS_PER_SEC      = CONST64(1000000000);
  const jint  NANOSECS_PER_MILLISEC = 1000000;
  
  inline const char* proper_unit_for_byte_size(size_t s) {
  #ifdef _LP64
    if (s >= 10*G) {
      return "G";
    }
  #endif
    if (s >= 10*M) {
      return "M";
    } else if (s >= 10*K) {
      return "K";
    } else {
      return "B";
    }
  }
  
  template <class T>
  inline T byte_size_in_proper_unit(T s) {
  #ifdef _LP64
    if (s >= 10*G) {
      return (T)(s/G);
    }
  #endif
    if (s >= 10*M) {
      return (T)(s/M);
    } else if (s >= 10*K) {
      return (T)(s/K);
    } else {
      return s;
    }
  }
  
  inline const char* exact_unit_for_byte_size(size_t s) {
  #ifdef _LP64
    if (s >= G && (s % G) == 0) {
      return "G";
    }
  #endif
    if (s >= M && (s % M) == 0) {
      return "M";
    }
    if (s >= K && (s % K) == 0) {
      return "K";
    }
    return "B";
  }
  
  inline size_t byte_size_in_exact_unit(size_t s) {
  #ifdef _LP64
    if (s >= G && (s % G) == 0) {
      return s / G;
    }
  #endif
    if (s >= M && (s % M) == 0) {
      return s / M;
    }
    if (s >= K && (s % K) == 0) {
      return s / K;
    }
    return s;
  }
  
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // VM type definitions
  
  // intx and uintx are the 'extended' int and 'extended' unsigned int types;
  // they are 32bit wide on a 32-bit platform, and 64bit wide on a 64bit platform.
  
  typedef intptr_t  intx;
  typedef uintptr_t uintx;
  
  const intx  min_intx  = (intx)1 << (sizeof(intx)*BitsPerByte-1);
  const intx  max_intx  = (uintx)min_intx - 1;
  const uintx max_uintx = (uintx)-1;
  
  // Table of values:
  //      sizeof intx         4               8
  // min_intx             0x80000000      0x8000000000000000
  // max_intx             0x7FFFFFFF      0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
  // max_uintx            0xFFFFFFFF      0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
  
  typedef unsigned int uint;   NEEDS_CLEANUP
  
  
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Java type definitions
  
  // All kinds of 'plain' byte addresses
  typedef   signed char s_char;
  typedef unsigned char u_char;
  typedef u_char*       address;
  typedef uintptr_t     address_word; // unsigned integer which will hold a pointer
                                      // except for some implementations of a C++
                                      // linkage pointer to function. Should never
                                      // need one of those to be placed in this
                                      // type anyway.
  
  //  Utility functions to "portably" (?) bit twiddle pointers
  //  Where portable means keep ANSI C++ compilers quiet
  
  inline address       set_address_bits(address x, int m)       { return address(intptr_t(x) | m); }
  inline address       clear_address_bits(address x, int m)     { return address(intptr_t(x) & ~m); }
  
  //  Utility functions to "portably" make cast to/from function pointers.
  
  inline address_word  mask_address_bits(address x, int m)      { return address_word(x) & m; }
  inline address_word  castable_address(address x)              { return address_word(x) ; }
  inline address_word  castable_address(void* x)                { return address_word(x) ; }
  
  // Pointer subtraction.
  // The idea here is to avoid ptrdiff_t, which is signed and so doesn't have
  // the range we might need to find differences from one end of the heap
  // to the other.
  // A typical use might be:
  //     if (pointer_delta(end(), top()) >= size) {
  //       // enough room for an object of size
  //       ...
  // and then additions like
  //       ... top() + size ...
  // are safe because we know that top() is at least size below end().
  inline size_t pointer_delta(const volatile void* left,
                              const volatile void* right,
                              size_t element_size) {
    return (((uintptr_t) left) - ((uintptr_t) right)) / element_size;
  }
  
  // A version specialized for HeapWord*'s.
  inline size_t pointer_delta(const HeapWord* left, const HeapWord* right) {
    return pointer_delta(left, right, sizeof(HeapWord));
  }
  // A version specialized for MetaWord*'s.
  inline size_t pointer_delta(const MetaWord* left, const MetaWord* right) {
    return pointer_delta(left, right, sizeof(MetaWord));
  }
  
  //
  // ANSI C++ does not allow casting from one pointer type to a function pointer
  // directly without at best a warning. This macro accomplishes it silently
  // In every case that is present at this point the value be cast is a pointer
  // to a C linkage function. In some case the type used for the cast reflects
  // that linkage and a picky compiler would not complain. In other cases because
  // there is no convenient place to place a typedef with extern C linkage (i.e
  // a platform dependent header file) it doesn't. At this point no compiler seems
  // picky enough to catch these instances (which are few). It is possible that
  // using templates could fix these for all cases. This use of templates is likely
  // so far from the middle of the road that it is likely to be problematic in
  // many C++ compilers.
  //
  #define CAST_TO_FN_PTR(func_type, value) (reinterpret_cast<func_type>(value))
  #define CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(new_type, func_ptr) ((new_type)((address_word)(func_ptr)))
  
  // Unsigned byte types for os and stream.hpp
  
  // Unsigned one, two, four and eigth byte quantities used for describing
  // the .class file format. See JVM book chapter 4.
  
  typedef jubyte  u1;
  typedef jushort u2;
  typedef juint   u4;
  typedef julong  u8;
  
  const jubyte  max_jubyte  = (jubyte)-1;  // 0xFF       largest jubyte
  const jushort max_jushort = (jushort)-1; // 0xFFFF     largest jushort
  const juint   max_juint   = (juint)-1;   // 0xFFFFFFFF largest juint
  const julong  max_julong  = (julong)-1;  // 0xFF....FF largest julong
  
  typedef jbyte  s1;
  typedef jshort s2;
  typedef jint   s4;
  typedef jlong  s8;
  
  const jbyte min_jbyte = -(1 << 7);       // smallest jbyte
  const jbyte max_jbyte = (1 << 7) - 1;    // largest jbyte
  const jshort min_jshort = -(1 << 15);    // smallest jshort
  const jshort max_jshort = (1 << 15) - 1; // largest jshort
  
  const jint min_jint = (jint)1 << (sizeof(jint)*BitsPerByte-1); // 0x80000000 == smallest jint
  const jint max_jint = (juint)min_jint - 1;                     // 0x7FFFFFFF == largest jint
  
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // JVM spec restrictions
  
  const int max_method_code_size = 64*K - 1;  // JVM spec, 2nd ed. section 4.8.1 (p.134)
  
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Default and minimum StringTableSize values
  
  const int defaultStringTableSize = NOT_LP64(1024) LP64_ONLY(65536);
  const int minimumStringTableSize = 128;
  
  const int defaultSymbolTableSize = 20011;
  const int minimumSymbolTableSize = 1009;
  
  
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // HotSwap - for JVMTI   aka Class File Replacement and PopFrame
  //
  // Determines whether on-the-fly class replacement and frame popping are enabled.
  
  #define HOTSWAP
  
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Object alignment, in units of HeapWords.
  //
  // Minimum is max(BytesPerLong, BytesPerDouble, BytesPerOop) / HeapWordSize, so jlong, jdouble and
  // reference fields can be naturally aligned.
  
  extern int MinObjAlignment;
  extern int MinObjAlignmentInBytes;
  extern int MinObjAlignmentInBytesMask;
  
  extern int LogMinObjAlignment;
  extern int LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes;
  
  const int LogKlassAlignmentInBytes = 3;
  const int LogKlassAlignment        = LogKlassAlignmentInBytes - LogHeapWordSize;
  const int KlassAlignmentInBytes    = 1 << LogKlassAlignmentInBytes;
  const int KlassAlignment           = KlassAlignmentInBytes / HeapWordSize;
  
  // Maximal size of heap where unscaled compression can be used. Also upper bound
  // for heap placement: 4GB.
  const  uint64_t UnscaledOopHeapMax = (uint64_t(max_juint) + 1);
  // Maximal size of heap where compressed oops can be used. Also upper bound for heap
  // placement for zero based compression algorithm: UnscaledOopHeapMax << LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes.
  extern uint64_t OopEncodingHeapMax;
  
  // Maximal size of compressed class space. Above this limit compression is not possible.
  // Also upper bound for placement of zero based class space. (Class space is further limited
  // to be < 3G, see arguments.cpp.)
  const  uint64_t KlassEncodingMetaspaceMax = (uint64_t(max_juint) + 1) << LogKlassAlignmentInBytes;
  
  // Machine dependent stuff
  
  // The maximum size of the code cache.  Can be overridden by targets.
  #define CODE_CACHE_SIZE_LIMIT (2*G)
  // Allow targets to reduce the default size of the code cache.
  #define CODE_CACHE_DEFAULT_LIMIT CODE_CACHE_SIZE_LIMIT
  
  #include CPU_HEADER(globalDefinitions)
  
  // To assure the IRIW property on processors that are not multiple copy
  // atomic, sync instructions must be issued between volatile reads to
  // assure their ordering, instead of after volatile stores.
  // (See "A Tutorial Introduction to the ARM and POWER Relaxed Memory Models"
  // by Luc Maranget, Susmit Sarkar and Peter Sewell, INRIA/Cambridge)
  #ifdef CPU_NOT_MULTIPLE_COPY_ATOMIC
  const bool support_IRIW_for_not_multiple_copy_atomic_cpu = true;
  #else
  const bool support_IRIW_for_not_multiple_copy_atomic_cpu = false;
  #endif
  
  // The expected size in bytes of a cache line, used to pad data structures.
  #ifndef DEFAULT_CACHE_LINE_SIZE
    #define DEFAULT_CACHE_LINE_SIZE 64
  #endif
  
  
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Utility macros for compilers
  // used to silence compiler warnings
  
  #define Unused_Variable(var) var
  
  
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Miscellaneous
  
  // 6302670 Eliminate Hotspot __fabsf dependency
  // All fabs() callers should call this function instead, which will implicitly
  // convert the operand to double, avoiding a dependency on __fabsf which
  // doesn't exist in early versions of Solaris 8.
  inline double fabsd(double value) {
    return fabs(value);
  }
  
  // Returns numerator/denominator as percentage value from 0 to 100. If denominator
  // is zero, return 0.0.
  template<typename T>
  inline double percent_of(T numerator, T denominator) {
    return denominator != 0 ? (double)numerator / denominator * 100.0 : 0.0;
  }
  
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Special casts
  // Cast floats into same-size integers and vice-versa w/o changing bit-pattern
  typedef union {
    jfloat f;
    jint i;
  } FloatIntConv;
  
  typedef union {
    jdouble d;
    jlong l;
    julong ul;
  } DoubleLongConv;
  
  inline jint    jint_cast    (jfloat  x)  { return ((FloatIntConv*)&x)->i; }
  inline jfloat  jfloat_cast  (jint    x)  { return ((FloatIntConv*)&x)->f; }
  
  inline jlong   jlong_cast   (jdouble x)  { return ((DoubleLongConv*)&x)->l;  }
  inline julong  julong_cast  (jdouble x)  { return ((DoubleLongConv*)&x)->ul; }
  inline jdouble jdouble_cast (jlong   x)  { return ((DoubleLongConv*)&x)->d;  }
  
  inline jint low (jlong value)                    { return jint(value); }
  inline jint high(jlong value)                    { return jint(value >> 32); }
  
  // the fancy casts are a hopefully portable way
  // to do unsigned 32 to 64 bit type conversion
  inline void set_low (jlong* value, jint low )    { *value &= (jlong)0xffffffff << 32;
                                                     *value |= (jlong)(julong)(juint)low; }
  
  inline void set_high(jlong* value, jint high)    { *value &= (jlong)(julong)(juint)0xffffffff;
                                                     *value |= (jlong)high       << 32; }
  
  inline jlong jlong_from(jint h, jint l) {
    jlong result = 0; // initialization to avoid warning
    set_high(&result, h);
    set_low(&result,  l);
    return result;
  }
  
  union jlong_accessor {
    jint  words[2];
    jlong long_value;
  };
  
  void basic_types_init(); // cannot define here; uses assert
  
  
  // NOTE: replicated in SA in vm/agent/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/BasicType.java
  enum BasicType {
    T_BOOLEAN     =  4,
    T_CHAR        =  5,
    T_FLOAT       =  6,
    T_DOUBLE      =  7,
    T_BYTE        =  8,
    T_SHORT       =  9,
    T_INT         = 10,
    T_LONG        = 11,
    T_OBJECT      = 12,
    T_ARRAY       = 13,
    T_VOID        = 14,
    T_ADDRESS     = 15,
    T_NARROWOOP   = 16,
    T_METADATA    = 17,
    T_NARROWKLASS = 18,
    T_CONFLICT    = 19, // for stack value type with conflicting contents
    T_ILLEGAL     = 99
  };
  
  inline bool is_java_primitive(BasicType t) {
    return T_BOOLEAN <= t && t <= T_LONG;
  }
  
  inline bool is_subword_type(BasicType t) {
    // these guys are processed exactly like T_INT in calling sequences:
    return (t == T_BOOLEAN || t == T_CHAR || t == T_BYTE || t == T_SHORT);
  }
  
  inline bool is_signed_subword_type(BasicType t) {
    return (t == T_BYTE || t == T_SHORT);
  }
  
  inline bool is_reference_type(BasicType t) {
    return (t == T_OBJECT || t == T_ARRAY);
  }
  
  // Convert a char from a classfile signature to a BasicType
  inline BasicType char2type(char c) {
    switch( c ) {
    case 'B': return T_BYTE;
    case 'C': return T_CHAR;
    case 'D': return T_DOUBLE;
    case 'F': return T_FLOAT;
    case 'I': return T_INT;
    case 'J': return T_LONG;
    case 'S': return T_SHORT;
    case 'Z': return T_BOOLEAN;
    case 'V': return T_VOID;
    case 'L': return T_OBJECT;
    case '[': return T_ARRAY;
    }
    return T_ILLEGAL;
  }
  
  extern char type2char_tab[T_CONFLICT+1];     // Map a BasicType to a jchar
  inline char type2char(BasicType t) { return (uint)t < T_CONFLICT+1 ? type2char_tab[t] : 0; }
  extern int type2size[T_CONFLICT+1];         // Map BasicType to result stack elements
  extern const char* type2name_tab[T_CONFLICT+1];     // Map a BasicType to a jchar
  inline const char* type2name(BasicType t) { return (uint)t < T_CONFLICT+1 ? type2name_tab[t] : NULL; }
  extern BasicType name2type(const char* name);
  
  // Auxiliary math routines
  // least common multiple
  extern size_t lcm(size_t a, size_t b);
  
  
  // NOTE: replicated in SA in vm/agent/sun/jvm/hotspot/runtime/BasicType.java
  enum BasicTypeSize {
    T_BOOLEAN_size     = 1,
    T_CHAR_size        = 1,
    T_FLOAT_size       = 1,
    T_DOUBLE_size      = 2,
    T_BYTE_size        = 1,
    T_SHORT_size       = 1,
    T_INT_size         = 1,
    T_LONG_size        = 2,
    T_OBJECT_size      = 1,
    T_ARRAY_size       = 1,
    T_NARROWOOP_size   = 1,
    T_NARROWKLASS_size = 1,
    T_VOID_size        = 0
  };
  
  
  // maps a BasicType to its instance field storage type:
  // all sub-word integral types are widened to T_INT
  extern BasicType type2field[T_CONFLICT+1];
  extern BasicType type2wfield[T_CONFLICT+1];
  
  
  // size in bytes
  enum ArrayElementSize {
    T_BOOLEAN_aelem_bytes     = 1,
    T_CHAR_aelem_bytes        = 2,
    T_FLOAT_aelem_bytes       = 4,
    T_DOUBLE_aelem_bytes      = 8,
    T_BYTE_aelem_bytes        = 1,
    T_SHORT_aelem_bytes       = 2,
    T_INT_aelem_bytes         = 4,
    T_LONG_aelem_bytes        = 8,
  #ifdef _LP64
    T_OBJECT_aelem_bytes      = 8,
    T_ARRAY_aelem_bytes       = 8,
  #else
    T_OBJECT_aelem_bytes      = 4,
    T_ARRAY_aelem_bytes       = 4,
  #endif
    T_NARROWOOP_aelem_bytes   = 4,
    T_NARROWKLASS_aelem_bytes = 4,
    T_VOID_aelem_bytes        = 0
  };
  
  extern int _type2aelembytes[T_CONFLICT+1]; // maps a BasicType to nof bytes used by its array element
  #ifdef ASSERT
  extern int type2aelembytes(BasicType t, bool allow_address = false); // asserts
  #else
  inline int type2aelembytes(BasicType t, bool allow_address = false) { return _type2aelembytes[t]; }
  #endif
  
  
  // JavaValue serves as a container for arbitrary Java values.
  
  class JavaValue {
  
   public:
    typedef union JavaCallValue {
      jfloat   f;
      jdouble  d;
      jint     i;
      jlong    l;
      jobject  h;
    } JavaCallValue;
  
   private:
    BasicType _type;
    JavaCallValue _value;
  
   public:
    JavaValue(BasicType t = T_ILLEGAL) { _type = t; }
  
    JavaValue(jfloat value) {
      _type    = T_FLOAT;
      _value.f = value;
    }
  
    JavaValue(jdouble value) {
      _type    = T_DOUBLE;
      _value.d = value;
    }
  
   jfloat get_jfloat() const { return _value.f; }
   jdouble get_jdouble() const { return _value.d; }
   jint get_jint() const { return _value.i; }
   jlong get_jlong() const { return _value.l; }
   jobject get_jobject() const { return _value.h; }
   JavaCallValue* get_value_addr() { return &_value; }
   BasicType get_type() const { return _type; }
  
   void set_jfloat(jfloat f) { _value.f = f;}
   void set_jdouble(jdouble d) { _value.d = d;}
   void set_jint(jint i) { _value.i = i;}
   void set_jlong(jlong l) { _value.l = l;}
   void set_jobject(jobject h) { _value.h = h;}
   void set_type(BasicType t) { _type = t; }
  
   jboolean get_jboolean() const { return (jboolean) (_value.i);}
   jbyte get_jbyte() const { return (jbyte) (_value.i);}
   jchar get_jchar() const { return (jchar) (_value.i);}
   jshort get_jshort() const { return (jshort) (_value.i);}
  
  };
  
  
  #define STACK_BIAS      0
  // V9 Sparc CPU's running in 64 Bit mode use a stack bias of 7ff
  // in order to extend the reach of the stack pointer.
  #if defined(SPARC) && defined(_LP64)
  #undef STACK_BIAS
  #define STACK_BIAS      0x7ff
  #endif
  
  
  // TosState describes the top-of-stack state before and after the execution of
  // a bytecode or method. The top-of-stack value may be cached in one or more CPU
  // registers. The TosState corresponds to the 'machine representation' of this cached
  // value. There's 4 states corresponding to the JAVA types int, long, float & double
  // as well as a 5th state in case the top-of-stack value is actually on the top
  // of stack (in memory) and thus not cached. The atos state corresponds to the itos
  // state when it comes to machine representation but is used separately for (oop)
  // type specific operations (e.g. verification code).
  
  enum TosState {         // describes the tos cache contents
    btos = 0,             // byte, bool tos cached
    ztos = 1,             // byte, bool tos cached
    ctos = 2,             // char tos cached
    stos = 3,             // short tos cached
    itos = 4,             // int tos cached
    ltos = 5,             // long tos cached
    ftos = 6,             // float tos cached
    dtos = 7,             // double tos cached
    atos = 8,             // object cached
    vtos = 9,             // tos not cached
    number_of_states,
    ilgl                  // illegal state: should not occur
  };
  
  
  inline TosState as_TosState(BasicType type) {
    switch (type) {
      case T_BYTE   : return btos;
      case T_BOOLEAN: return ztos;
      case T_CHAR   : return ctos;
      case T_SHORT  : return stos;
      case T_INT    : return itos;
      case T_LONG   : return ltos;
      case T_FLOAT  : return ftos;
      case T_DOUBLE : return dtos;
      case T_VOID   : return vtos;
      case T_ARRAY  : // fall through
      case T_OBJECT : return atos;
      default       : return ilgl;
    }
  }
  
  inline BasicType as_BasicType(TosState state) {
    switch (state) {
      case btos : return T_BYTE;
      case ztos : return T_BOOLEAN;
      case ctos : return T_CHAR;
      case stos : return T_SHORT;
      case itos : return T_INT;
      case ltos : return T_LONG;
      case ftos : return T_FLOAT;
      case dtos : return T_DOUBLE;
      case atos : return T_OBJECT;
      case vtos : return T_VOID;
      default   : return T_ILLEGAL;
    }
  }
  
  
  // Helper function to convert BasicType info into TosState
  // Note: Cannot define here as it uses global constant at the time being.
  TosState as_TosState(BasicType type);
  
  
  // JavaThreadState keeps track of which part of the code a thread is executing in. This
  // information is needed by the safepoint code.
  //
  // There are 4 essential states:
  //
  //  _thread_new         : Just started, but not executed init. code yet (most likely still in OS init code)
  //  _thread_in_native   : In native code. This is a safepoint region, since all oops will be in jobject handles
  //  _thread_in_vm       : Executing in the vm
  //  _thread_in_Java     : Executing either interpreted or compiled Java code (or could be in a stub)
  //
  // Each state has an associated xxxx_trans state, which is an intermediate state used when a thread is in
  // a transition from one state to another. These extra states makes it possible for the safepoint code to
  // handle certain thread_states without having to suspend the thread - making the safepoint code faster.
  //
  // Given a state, the xxxx_trans state can always be found by adding 1.
  //
  enum JavaThreadState {
    _thread_uninitialized     =  0, // should never happen (missing initialization)
    _thread_new               =  2, // just starting up, i.e., in process of being initialized
    _thread_new_trans         =  3, // corresponding transition state (not used, included for completness)
    _thread_in_native         =  4, // running in native code
    _thread_in_native_trans   =  5, // corresponding transition state
    _thread_in_vm             =  6, // running in VM
    _thread_in_vm_trans       =  7, // corresponding transition state
    _thread_in_Java           =  8, // running in Java or in stub code
    _thread_in_Java_trans     =  9, // corresponding transition state (not used, included for completness)
    _thread_blocked           = 10, // blocked in vm
    _thread_blocked_trans     = 11, // corresponding transition state
    _thread_max_state         = 12  // maximum thread state+1 - used for statistics allocation
  };
  
  
  
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // 'Forward' declarations of frequently used classes
  // (in order to reduce interface dependencies & reduce
  // number of unnecessary compilations after changes)
  
  class ClassFileStream;
  
  class Event;
  
  class Thread;
  class  VMThread;
  class  JavaThread;
  class Threads;
  
  class VM_Operation;
  class VMOperationQueue;
  
  class CodeBlob;
  class  CompiledMethod;
  class   nmethod;
  class RuntimeBlob;
  class  OSRAdapter;
  class  I2CAdapter;
  class  C2IAdapter;
  class CompiledIC;
  class relocInfo;
  class ScopeDesc;
  class PcDesc;
  
  class Recompiler;
  class Recompilee;
  class RecompilationPolicy;
  class RFrame;
  class  CompiledRFrame;
  class  InterpretedRFrame;
  
  class vframe;
  class   javaVFrame;
  class     interpretedVFrame;
  class     compiledVFrame;
  class     deoptimizedVFrame;
  class   externalVFrame;
  class     entryVFrame;
  
  class RegisterMap;
  
  class Mutex;
  class Monitor;
  class BasicLock;
  class BasicObjectLock;
  
  class PeriodicTask;
  
  class JavaCallWrapper;
  
  class   oopDesc;
  class   metaDataOopDesc;
  
  class NativeCall;
  
  class zone;
  
  class StubQueue;
  
  class outputStream;
  
  class ResourceArea;
  
  class DebugInformationRecorder;
  class ScopeValue;
  class CompressedStream;
  class   DebugInfoReadStream;
  class   DebugInfoWriteStream;
  class LocationValue;
  class ConstantValue;
  class IllegalValue;
  
  class PrivilegedElement;
  class MonitorArray;
  
  class MonitorInfo;
  
  class OffsetClosure;
  class OopMapCache;
  class InterpreterOopMap;
  class OopMapCacheEntry;
  class OSThread;
  
  typedef int (*OSThreadStartFunc)(void*);
  
  class Space;
  
  class JavaValue;
  class methodHandle;
  class JavaCallArguments;
  
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Special constants for debugging
  
  const jint     badInt           = -3;                       // generic "bad int" value
  const intptr_t badAddressVal    = -2;                       // generic "bad address" value
  const intptr_t badOopVal        = -1;                       // generic "bad oop" value
  const intptr_t badHeapOopVal    = (intptr_t) CONST64(0x2BAD4B0BBAADBABE); // value used to zap heap after GC
  const int      badStackSegVal   = 0xCA;                     // value used to zap stack segments
  const int      badHandleValue   = 0xBC;                     // value used to zap vm handle area
  const int      badResourceValue = 0xAB;                     // value used to zap resource area
  const int      freeBlockPad     = 0xBA;                     // value used to pad freed blocks.
  const int      uninitBlockPad   = 0xF1;                     // value used to zap newly malloc'd blocks.
  const juint    uninitMetaWordVal= 0xf7f7f7f7;               // value used to zap newly allocated metachunk
  const juint    badHeapWordVal   = 0xBAADBABE;               // value used to zap heap after GC
  const juint    badMetaWordVal   = 0xBAADFADE;               // value used to zap metadata heap after GC
  const int      badCodeHeapNewVal= 0xCC;                     // value used to zap Code heap at allocation
  const int      badCodeHeapFreeVal = 0xDD;                   // value used to zap Code heap at deallocation
  
  
  // (These must be implemented as #defines because C++ compilers are
  // not obligated to inline non-integral constants!)
  #define       badAddress        ((address)::badAddressVal)
  #define       badOop            (cast_to_oop(::badOopVal))
  #define       badHeapWord       (::badHeapWordVal)
  
  // Default TaskQueue size is 16K (32-bit) or 128K (64-bit)
  #define TASKQUEUE_SIZE (NOT_LP64(1<<14) LP64_ONLY(1<<17))
  
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Utility functions for bitfield manipulations
  
  const intptr_t AllBits    = ~0; // all bits set in a word
  const intptr_t NoBits     =  0; // no bits set in a word
  const jlong    NoLongBits =  0; // no bits set in a long
  const intptr_t OneBit     =  1; // only right_most bit set in a word
  
  // get a word with the n.th or the right-most or left-most n bits set
  // (note: #define used only so that they can be used in enum constant definitions)
  #define nth_bit(n)        (((n) >= BitsPerWord) ? 0 : (OneBit << (n)))
  #define right_n_bits(n)   (nth_bit(n) - 1)
  #define left_n_bits(n)    (right_n_bits(n) << (((n) >= BitsPerWord) ? 0 : (BitsPerWord - (n))))
  
  // bit-operations using a mask m
  inline void   set_bits    (intptr_t& x, intptr_t m) { x |= m; }
  inline void clear_bits    (intptr_t& x, intptr_t m) { x &= ~m; }
  inline intptr_t mask_bits      (intptr_t  x, intptr_t m) { return x & m; }
  inline jlong    mask_long_bits (jlong     x, jlong    m) { return x & m; }
  inline bool mask_bits_are_true (intptr_t flags, intptr_t mask) { return (flags & mask) == mask; }
  
  // bit-operations using the n.th bit
  inline void    set_nth_bit(intptr_t& x, int n) { set_bits  (x, nth_bit(n)); }
  inline void  clear_nth_bit(intptr_t& x, int n) { clear_bits(x, nth_bit(n)); }
  inline bool is_set_nth_bit(intptr_t  x, int n) { return mask_bits (x, nth_bit(n)) != NoBits; }
  
  // returns the bitfield of x starting at start_bit_no with length field_length (no sign-extension!)
  inline intptr_t bitfield(intptr_t x, int start_bit_no, int field_length) {
    return mask_bits(x >> start_bit_no, right_n_bits(field_length));
  }
  
  
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Utility functions for integers
  
  // Avoid use of global min/max macros which may cause unwanted double
  // evaluation of arguments.
  #ifdef max
  #undef max
  #endif
  
  #ifdef min
  #undef min
  #endif
  
  // It is necessary to use templates here. Having normal overloaded
  // functions does not work because it is necessary to provide both 32-
  // and 64-bit overloaded functions, which does not work, and having
  // explicitly-typed versions of these routines (i.e., MAX2I, MAX2L)
  // will be even more error-prone than macros.
  template<class T> inline T MAX2(T a, T b)           { return (a > b) ? a : b; }
  template<class T> inline T MIN2(T a, T b)           { return (a < b) ? a : b; }
  template<class T> inline T MAX3(T a, T b, T c)      { return MAX2(MAX2(a, b), c); }
  template<class T> inline T MIN3(T a, T b, T c)      { return MIN2(MIN2(a, b), c); }
  template<class T> inline T MAX4(T a, T b, T c, T d) { return MAX2(MAX3(a, b, c), d); }
  template<class T> inline T MIN4(T a, T b, T c, T d) { return MIN2(MIN3(a, b, c), d); }
  
  template<class T> inline T ABS(T x)                 { return (x > 0) ? x : -x; }
  
  // true if x is a power of 2, false otherwise
  inline bool is_power_of_2(intptr_t x) {
    return ((x != NoBits) && (mask_bits(x, x - 1) == NoBits));
  }
  
  // long version of is_power_of_2
  inline bool is_power_of_2_long(jlong x) {
    return ((x != NoLongBits) && (mask_long_bits(x, x - 1) == NoLongBits));
  }
  
  // Returns largest i such that 2^i <= x.
  // If x < 0, the function returns 31 on a 32-bit machine and 63 on a 64-bit machine.
  // If x == 0, the function returns -1.
  inline int log2_intptr(intptr_t x) {
    int i = -1;
    uintptr_t p = 1;
    while (p != 0 && p <= (uintptr_t)x) {
      // p = 2^(i+1) && p <= x (i.e., 2^(i+1) <= x)
      i++; p *= 2;
    }
    // p = 2^(i+1) && x < p (i.e., 2^i <= x < 2^(i+1))
    // If p = 0, overflow has occurred and i = 31 or i = 63 (depending on the machine word size).
    return i;
  }
  
  //* largest i such that 2^i <= x
  //  A negative value of 'x' will return '63'
  inline int log2_long(jlong x) {
    int i = -1;
    julong p =  1;
    while (p != 0 && p <= (julong)x) {
      // p = 2^(i+1) && p <= x (i.e., 2^(i+1) <= x)
      i++; p *= 2;
    }
    // p = 2^(i+1) && x < p (i.e., 2^i <= x < 2^(i+1))
    // (if p = 0 then overflow occurred and i = 63)
    return i;
  }
  
  //* the argument must be exactly a power of 2
  inline int exact_log2(intptr_t x) {
    assert(is_power_of_2(x), "x must be a power of 2: " INTPTR_FORMAT, x);
    return log2_intptr(x);
  }
  
  //* the argument must be exactly a power of 2
  inline int exact_log2_long(jlong x) {
    assert(is_power_of_2_long(x), "x must be a power of 2: " JLONG_FORMAT, x);
    return log2_long(x);
  }
  
  inline bool is_odd (intx x) { return x & 1;      }
  inline bool is_even(intx x) { return !is_odd(x); }
  
  // "to" should be greater than "from."
  inline intx byte_size(void* from, void* to) {
    return (address)to - (address)from;
  }
  
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Avoid non-portable casts with these routines (DEPRECATED)
  
  // NOTE: USE Bytes class INSTEAD WHERE POSSIBLE
  //       Bytes is optimized machine-specifically and may be much faster then the portable routines below.
  
  // Given sequence of four bytes, build into a 32-bit word
  // following the conventions used in class files.
  // On the 386, this could be realized with a simple address cast.
  //
  
  // This routine takes eight bytes:
  inline u8 build_u8_from( u1 c1, u1 c2, u1 c3, u1 c4, u1 c5, u1 c6, u1 c7, u1 c8 ) {
    return  (( u8(c1) << 56 )  &  ( u8(0xff) << 56 ))
         |  (( u8(c2) << 48 )  &  ( u8(0xff) << 48 ))
         |  (( u8(c3) << 40 )  &  ( u8(0xff) << 40 ))
         |  (( u8(c4) << 32 )  &  ( u8(0xff) << 32 ))
         |  (( u8(c5) << 24 )  &  ( u8(0xff) << 24 ))
         |  (( u8(c6) << 16 )  &  ( u8(0xff) << 16 ))
         |  (( u8(c7) <<  8 )  &  ( u8(0xff) <<  8 ))
         |  (( u8(c8) <<  0 )  &  ( u8(0xff) <<  0 ));
  }
  
  // This routine takes four bytes:
  inline u4 build_u4_from( u1 c1, u1 c2, u1 c3, u1 c4 ) {
    return  (( u4(c1) << 24 )  &  0xff000000)
         |  (( u4(c2) << 16 )  &  0x00ff0000)
         |  (( u4(c3) <<  8 )  &  0x0000ff00)
         |  (( u4(c4) <<  0 )  &  0x000000ff);
  }
  
  // And this one works if the four bytes are contiguous in memory:
  inline u4 build_u4_from( u1* p ) {
    return  build_u4_from( p[0], p[1], p[2], p[3] );
  }
  
  // Ditto for two-byte ints:
  inline u2 build_u2_from( u1 c1, u1 c2 ) {
    return  u2((( u2(c1) <<  8 )  &  0xff00)
            |  (( u2(c2) <<  0 )  &  0x00ff));
  }
  
  // And this one works if the two bytes are contiguous in memory:
  inline u2 build_u2_from( u1* p ) {
    return  build_u2_from( p[0], p[1] );
  }
  
  // Ditto for floats:
  inline jfloat build_float_from( u1 c1, u1 c2, u1 c3, u1 c4 ) {
    u4 u = build_u4_from( c1, c2, c3, c4 );
    return  *(jfloat*)&u;
  }
  
  inline jfloat build_float_from( u1* p ) {
    u4 u = build_u4_from( p );
    return  *(jfloat*)&u;
  }
  
  
  // now (64-bit) longs
  
  inline jlong build_long_from( u1 c1, u1 c2, u1 c3, u1 c4, u1 c5, u1 c6, u1 c7, u1 c8 ) {
    return  (( jlong(c1) << 56 )  &  ( jlong(0xff) << 56 ))
         |  (( jlong(c2) << 48 )  &  ( jlong(0xff) << 48 ))
         |  (( jlong(c3) << 40 )  &  ( jlong(0xff) << 40 ))
         |  (( jlong(c4) << 32 )  &  ( jlong(0xff) << 32 ))
         |  (( jlong(c5) << 24 )  &  ( jlong(0xff) << 24 ))
         |  (( jlong(c6) << 16 )  &  ( jlong(0xff) << 16 ))
         |  (( jlong(c7) <<  8 )  &  ( jlong(0xff) <<  8 ))
         |  (( jlong(c8) <<  0 )  &  ( jlong(0xff) <<  0 ));
  }
  
  inline jlong build_long_from( u1* p ) {
    return  build_long_from( p[0], p[1], p[2], p[3], p[4], p[5], p[6], p[7] );
  }
  
  
  // Doubles, too!
  inline jdouble build_double_from( u1 c1, u1 c2, u1 c3, u1 c4, u1 c5, u1 c6, u1 c7, u1 c8 ) {
    jlong u = build_long_from( c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 );
    return  *(jdouble*)&u;
  }
  
  inline jdouble build_double_from( u1* p ) {
    jlong u = build_long_from( p );
    return  *(jdouble*)&u;
  }
  
  
  // Portable routines to go the other way:
  
  inline void explode_short_to( u2 x, u1& c1, u1& c2 ) {
    c1 = u1(x >> 8);
    c2 = u1(x);
  }
  
  inline void explode_short_to( u2 x, u1* p ) {
    explode_short_to( x, p[0], p[1]);
  }
  
  inline void explode_int_to( u4 x, u1& c1, u1& c2, u1& c3, u1& c4 ) {
    c1 = u1(x >> 24);
    c2 = u1(x >> 16);
    c3 = u1(x >>  8);
    c4 = u1(x);
  }
  
  inline void explode_int_to( u4 x, u1* p ) {
    explode_int_to( x, p[0], p[1], p[2], p[3]);
  }
  
  
  // Pack and extract shorts to/from ints:
  
  inline int extract_low_short_from_int(jint x) {
    return x & 0xffff;
  }
  
  inline int extract_high_short_from_int(jint x) {
    return (x >> 16) & 0xffff;
  }
  
  inline int build_int_from_shorts( jushort low, jushort high ) {
    return ((int)((unsigned int)high << 16) | (unsigned int)low);
  }
  
  // Convert pointer to intptr_t, for use in printing pointers.
  inline intptr_t p2i(const void * p) {
    return (intptr_t) p;
  }
  
  // swap a & b
  template<class T> static void swap(T& a, T& b) {
    T tmp = a;
    a = b;
    b = tmp;
  }
  
  #define ARRAY_SIZE(array) (sizeof(array)/sizeof((array)[0]))
  
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Sum and product which can never overflow: they wrap, just like the
  // Java operations.  Note that we don't intend these to be used for
  // general-purpose arithmetic: their purpose is to emulate Java
  // operations.
  
  // The goal of this code to avoid undefined or implementation-defined
  // behavior.  The use of an lvalue to reference cast is explicitly
  // permitted by Lvalues and rvalues [basic.lval].  [Section 3.10 Para
  // 15 in C++03]
  #define JAVA_INTEGER_OP(OP, NAME, TYPE, UNSIGNED_TYPE)  \
  inline TYPE NAME (TYPE in1, TYPE in2) {                 \
    UNSIGNED_TYPE ures = static_cast<UNSIGNED_TYPE>(in1); \
    ures OP ## = static_cast<UNSIGNED_TYPE>(in2);         \
    return reinterpret_cast<TYPE&>(ures);                 \
  }
  
  JAVA_INTEGER_OP(+, java_add, jint, juint)
  JAVA_INTEGER_OP(-, java_subtract, jint, juint)
  JAVA_INTEGER_OP(*, java_multiply, jint, juint)
  JAVA_INTEGER_OP(+, java_add, jlong, julong)
  JAVA_INTEGER_OP(-, java_subtract, jlong, julong)
  JAVA_INTEGER_OP(*, java_multiply, jlong, julong)
  
  #undef JAVA_INTEGER_OP
  
  // Dereference vptr
  // All C++ compilers that we know of have the vtbl pointer in the first
  // word.  If there are exceptions, this function needs to be made compiler
  // specific.
  static inline void* dereference_vptr(const void* addr) {
    return *(void**)addr;
  }
  
  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // String type aliases used by command line flag declarations and
  // processing utilities.
  
  typedef const char* ccstr;
  typedef const char* ccstrlist;   // represents string arguments which accumulate
  
  #endif // SHARE_VM_UTILITIES_GLOBALDEFINITIONS_HPP
  