text: # Part 1 - Basic Functions
  
  def add_numbers(x, y):
      return x + y
  
  
  add_numbers(1, 2)
  print(f"The product of 1 and 2 is {add_numbers(1, 2)}")
  
  # Function Scope
  x = 1
  y = 2
  
  def add_numbers(x, y):
      print(f"Inside the function, x = {x} and y = {y}")
      return x + y
  
  print(f"Outside the function, x = {x} and y = {y}")
  print(f"The product of 5 and 6 is {add_numbers(5, 6)}")
  
  # Positional vs Keyword Arguments
  def calculate_numbers(x, y, operation="add"):
      if operation == "add":
          return x + y
      elif operation == "subtract":
          return x - y
  calculate_numbers(2, 3)
  calculate_numbers(2, 3, "subtract")
  calculate_numbers(2, 3, operation="subtract")