text: from ._compat import filename_to_ui
  from ._compat import get_text_stderr
  from .utils import echo
  
  
  def _join_param_hints(param_hint):
      if isinstance(param_hint, (tuple, list)):
          return " / ".join(repr(x) for x in param_hint)
      return param_hint
  
  
  class ClickException(Exception):
      """An exception that Click can handle and show to the user."""
  
      #: The exit code for this exception.
      exit_code = 1
  
      def __init__(self, message):
          super().__init__(message)
          self.message = message
  
      def format_message(self):
          return self.message
  
      def __str__(self):
          return self.message
  
      def show(self, file=None):
          if file is None:
              file = get_text_stderr()
          echo(f"Error: {self.format_message()}", file=file)
  
  
  class UsageError(ClickException):
      """An internal exception that signals a usage error.  This typically
      aborts any further handling.
  
      :param message: the error message to display.
      :param ctx: optionally the context that caused this error.  Click will
                  fill in the context automatically in some situations.
      """
  
      exit_code = 2
  
      def __init__(self, message, ctx=None):
          super().__init__(message)
          self.ctx = ctx
          self.cmd = self.ctx.command if self.ctx else None
  
      def show(self, file=None):
          if file is None:
              file = get_text_stderr()
          color = None
          hint = ""
          if self.cmd is not None and self.cmd.get_help_option(self.ctx) is not None:
              hint = (
                  f"Try '{self.ctx.command_path}"
                  f" {self.ctx.help_option_names[0]}' for help.\n"
              )
          if self.ctx is not None:
              color = self.ctx.color
              echo(f"{self.ctx.get_usage()}\n{hint}", file=file, color=color)
          echo(f"Error: {self.format_message()}", file=file, color=color)
  
  
  class BadParameter(UsageError):
      """An exception that formats out a standardized error message for a
      bad parameter.  This is useful when thrown from a callback or type as
      Click will attach contextual information to it (for instance, which
      parameter it is).
  
      .. versionadded:: 2.0
  
      :param param: the parameter object that caused this error.  This can
                    be left out, and Click will attach this info itself
                    if possible.
      :param param_hint: a string that shows up as parameter name.  This
                         can be used as alternative to `param` in cases
                         where custom validation should happen.  If it is
                         a string it's used as such, if it's a list then
                         each item is quoted and separated.
      """
  
      def __init__(self, message, ctx=None, param=None, param_hint=None):
          super().__init__(message, ctx)
          self.param = param
          self.param_hint = param_hint
  
      def format_message(self):
          if self.param_hint is not None:
              param_hint = self.param_hint
          elif self.param is not None:
              param_hint = self.param.get_error_hint(self.ctx)
          else:
              return f"Invalid value: {self.message}"
          param_hint = _join_param_hints(param_hint)
  
          return f"Invalid value for {param_hint}: {self.message}"
  
  
  class MissingParameter(BadParameter):
      """Raised if click required an option or argument but it was not
      provided when invoking the script.
  
      .. versionadded:: 4.0
  
      :param param_type: a string that indicates the type of the parameter.
                         The default is to inherit the parameter type from
                         the given `param`.  Valid values are ``'parameter'``,
                         ``'option'`` or ``'argument'``.
      """
  
      def __init__(
          self, message=None, ctx=None, param=None, param_hint=None, param_type=None
      ):
          super().__init__(message, ctx, param, param_hint)
          self.param_type = param_type
  
      def format_message(self):
          if self.param_hint is not None:
              param_hint = self.param_hint
          elif self.param is not None:
              param_hint = self.param.get_error_hint(self.ctx)
          else:
              param_hint = None
          param_hint = _join_param_hints(param_hint)
  
          param_type = self.param_type
          if param_type is None and self.param is not None:
              param_type = self.param.param_type_name
  
          msg = self.message
          if self.param is not None:
              msg_extra = self.param.type.get_missing_message(self.param)
              if msg_extra:
                  if msg:
                      msg += f".  {msg_extra}"
                  else:
                      msg = msg_extra
  
          hint_str = f" {param_hint}" if param_hint else ""
          return f"Missing {param_type}{hint_str}.{' ' if msg else ''}{msg or ''}"
  
      def __str__(self):
          if self.message is None:
              param_name = self.param.name if self.param else None
              return f"missing parameter: {param_name}"
          else:
              return self.message
  
  
  class NoSuchOption(UsageError):
      """Raised if click attempted to handle an option that does not
      exist.
  
      .. versionadded:: 4.0
      """
  
      def __init__(self, option_name, message=None, possibilities=None, ctx=None):
          if message is None:
              message = f"no such option: {option_name}"
  
          super().__init__(message, ctx)
          self.option_name = option_name
          self.possibilities = possibilities
  
      def format_message(self):
          bits = [self.message]
          if self.possibilities:
              if len(self.possibilities) == 1:
                  bits.append(f"Did you mean {self.possibilities[0]}?")
              else:
                  possibilities = sorted(self.possibilities)
                  bits.append(f"(Possible options: {', '.join(possibilities)})")
          return "  ".join(bits)
  
  
  class BadOptionUsage(UsageError):
      """Raised if an option is generally supplied but the use of the option
      was incorrect.  This is for instance raised if the number of arguments
      for an option is not correct.
  
      .. versionadded:: 4.0
  
      :param option_name: the name of the option being used incorrectly.
      """
  
      def __init__(self, option_name, message, ctx=None):
          super().__init__(message, ctx)
          self.option_name = option_name
  
  
  class BadArgumentUsage(UsageError):
      """Raised if an argument is generally supplied but the use of the argument
      was incorrect.  This is for instance raised if the number of values
      for an argument is not correct.
  
      .. versionadded:: 6.0
      """
  
  
  class FileError(ClickException):
      """Raised if a file cannot be opened."""
  
      def __init__(self, filename, hint=None):
          ui_filename = filename_to_ui(filename)
          if hint is None:
              hint = "unknown error"
  
          super().__init__(hint)
          self.ui_filename = ui_filename
          self.filename = filename
  
      def format_message(self):
          return f"Could not open file {self.ui_filename}: {self.message}"
  
  
  class Abort(RuntimeError):
      """An internal signalling exception that signals Click to abort."""
  
  
  class Exit(RuntimeError):
      """An exception that indicates that the application should exit with some
      status code.
  
      :param code: the status code to exit with.
      """
  
      __slots__ = ("exit_code",)
  
      def __init__(self, code=0):
          self.exit_code = code
  