text: #!/usr/bin/env python3
  
  import ply.lex as lex
  import ply.yacc as yacc
  import sys
  import argparse
  import keyword
  import logging
  import binascii
  import os
  import sys
  
  log = logging.getLogger('vppapigen')
  
  # Ensure we don't leave temporary files around
  sys.dont_write_bytecode = True
  
  #
  # VPP API language
  #
  
  # Global dictionary of new types (including enums)
  global_types = {}
  
  seen_imports = {}
  
  
  def global_type_add(name, obj):
      '''Add new type to the dictionary of types '''
      type_name = 'vl_api_' + name + '_t'
      if type_name in global_types:
          raise KeyError("Attempted redefinition of {!r} with {!r}.".format(
              name, obj))
      global_types[type_name] = obj
  
  
  # All your trace are belong to us!
  def exception_handler(exception_type, exception, traceback):
      print("%s: %s" % (exception_type.__name__, exception))
  
  
  #
  # Lexer
  #
  class VPPAPILexer(object):
      def __init__(self, filename):
          self.filename = filename
  
      reserved = {
          'service': 'SERVICE',
          'rpc': 'RPC',
          'returns': 'RETURNS',
          'null': 'NULL',
          'stream': 'STREAM',
          'events': 'EVENTS',
          'define': 'DEFINE',
          'typedef': 'TYPEDEF',
          'enum': 'ENUM',
          'typeonly': 'TYPEONLY',
          'manual_print': 'MANUAL_PRINT',
          'manual_endian': 'MANUAL_ENDIAN',
          'dont_trace': 'DONT_TRACE',
          'autoreply': 'AUTOREPLY',
          'option': 'OPTION',
          'u8': 'U8',
          'u16': 'U16',
          'u32': 'U32',
          'u64': 'U64',
          'i8': 'I8',
          'i16': 'I16',
          'i32': 'I32',
          'i64': 'I64',
          'f64': 'F64',
          'bool': 'BOOL',
          'string': 'STRING',
          'import': 'IMPORT',
          'true': 'TRUE',
          'false': 'FALSE',
          'union': 'UNION',
      }
  
      tokens = ['STRING_LITERAL',
                'ID', 'NUM'] + list(reserved.values())
  
      t_ignore_LINE_COMMENT = '//.*'
  
      def t_FALSE(self, t):
          r'false'
          t.value = False
          return t
  
      def t_TRUE(self, t):
          r'false'
          t.value = True
          return t
  
      def t_NUM(self, t):
          r'0[xX][0-9a-fA-F]+|-?\d+\.?\d*'
          base = 16 if t.value.startswith('0x') else 10
          if '.' in t.value:
              t.value = float(t.value)
          else:
              t.value = int(t.value, base)
          return t
  
      def t_ID(self, t):
          r'[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*'
          # Check for reserved words
          t.type = VPPAPILexer.reserved.get(t.value, 'ID')
          return t
  
      # C string
      def t_STRING_LITERAL(self, t):
          r'\"([^\\\n]|(\\.))*?\"'
          t.value = str(t.value).replace("\"", "")
          return t
  
      # C or C++ comment (ignore)
      def t_comment(self, t):
          r'(/\*(.|\n)*?\*/)|(//.*)'
          t.lexer.lineno += t.value.count('\n')
  
      # Error handling rule
      def t_error(self, t):
          raise ParseError("Illegal character '{}' ({})"
                           "in {}: line {}".format(t.value[0],
                                                   hex(ord(t.value[0])),
                                                   self.filename,
                                                   t.lexer.lineno))
          t.lexer.skip(1)
  
      # Define a rule so we can track line numbers
      def t_newline(self, t):
          r'\n+'
          t.lexer.lineno += len(t.value)
  
      literals = ":{}[];=.,"
  
      # A string containing ignored characters (spaces and tabs)
      t_ignore = ' \t'
  
  
  def crc_block_combine(block, crc):
      s = str(block).encode()
      return binascii.crc32(s, crc) & 0xffffffff
  
  
  def vla_is_last_check(name, block):
      vla = False
      for i, b in enumerate(block):
          if isinstance(b, Array) and b.vla:
              vla = True
              if i + 1 < len(block):
                  raise ValueError(
                      'VLA field "{}" must be the last field in message "{}"'
                      .format(b.fieldname, name))
          elif b.fieldtype.startswith('vl_api_'):
              if global_types[b.fieldtype].vla:
                  vla = True
                  if i + 1 < len(block):
                      raise ValueError(
                          'VLA field "{}" must be the last '
                          'field in message "{}"'
                          .format(b.fieldname, name))
          elif b.fieldtype == 'string' and b.length == 0:
              vla = True
              if i + 1 < len(block):
                  raise ValueError(
                      'VLA field "{}" must be the last '
                      'field in message "{}"'
                      .format(b.fieldname, name))
      return vla
  
  
  class Service():
      def __init__(self, caller, reply, events=None, stream=False):
          self.caller = caller
          self.reply = reply
          self.stream = stream
          self.events = [] if events is None else events
  
  
  class Typedef():
      def __init__(self, name, flags, block):
          self.name = name
          self.flags = flags
          self.block = block
          self.crc = str(block).encode()
          self.manual_print = False
          self.manual_endian = False
          for f in flags:
              if f == 'manual_print':
                  self.manual_print = True
              elif f == 'manual_endian':
                  self.manual_endian = True
  
          global_type_add(name, self)
  
          self.vla = vla_is_last_check(name, block)
  
      def __repr__(self):
          return self.name + str(self.flags) + str(self.block)
  
  
  class Using():
      def __init__(self, name, flags, alias):
          self.name = name
          self.vla = False
          self.block = []
          self.manual_print = True
          self.manual_endian = True
  
          self.manual_print = False
          self.manual_endian = False
          for f in flags:
              if f == 'manual_print':
                  self.manual_print = True
              elif f == 'manual_endian':
                  self.manual_endian = True
  
          if isinstance(alias, Array):
              a = {'type': alias.fieldtype,
                   'length': alias.length}
          else:
              a = {'type': alias.fieldtype}
          self.alias = a
          self.crc = str(alias).encode()
          global_type_add(name, self)
  
      def __repr__(self):
          return self.name + str(self.alias)
  
  
  class Union():
      def __init__(self, name, flags, block):
          self.type = 'Union'
          self.manual_print = False
          self.manual_endian = False
          self.name = name
  
          for f in flags:
              if f == 'manual_print':
                  self.manual_print = True
              elif f == 'manual_endian':
                  self.manual_endian = True
  
          self.block = block
          self.crc = str(block).encode()
          self.vla = vla_is_last_check(name, block)
  
          global_type_add(name, self)
  
      def __repr__(self):
          return str(self.block)
  
  
  class Define():
      def __init__(self, name, flags, block):
          self.name = name
          self.flags = flags
          self.block = block
          self.dont_trace = False
          self.manual_print = False
          self.manual_endian = False
          self.autoreply = False
          self.singular = False
          self.options = {}
          for f in flags:
              if f == 'dont_trace':
                  self.dont_trace = True
              elif f == 'manual_print':
                  self.manual_print = True
              elif f == 'manual_endian':
                  self.manual_endian = True
              elif f == 'autoreply':
                  self.autoreply = True
  
          for b in block:
              if isinstance(b, Option):
                  if b[1] == 'singular' and b[2] == 'true':
                      self.singular = True
                  else:
                      self.options[b.option] = b.value
                  block.remove(b)
  
          self.vla = vla_is_last_check(name, block)
          self.crc = str(block).encode()
  
      def __repr__(self):
          return self.name + str(self.flags) + str(self.block)
  
  
  class Enum():
      def __init__(self, name, block, enumtype='u32'):
          self.name = name
          self.enumtype = enumtype
          self.vla = False
  
          count = 0
          for i, b in enumerate(block):
              if type(b) is list:
                  count = b[1]
              else:
                  count += 1
                  block[i] = [b, count]
  
          self.block = block
          self.crc = str(block).encode()
          global_type_add(name, self)
  
      def __repr__(self):
          return self.name + str(self.block)
  
  
  class Import():
  
      def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
          if args[0] not in seen_imports:
              instance = super().__new__(cls)
              instance._initialized = False
              seen_imports[args[0]] = instance
  
          return seen_imports[args[0]]
  
      def __init__(self, filename):
          if self._initialized:
              return
          else:
              self.filename = filename
              # Deal with imports
              parser = VPPAPI(filename=filename)
              dirlist = dirlist_get()
              f = filename
              for dir in dirlist:
                  f = os.path.join(dir, filename)
                  if os.path.exists(f):
                      break
              if sys.version[0] == '2':
                  with open(f) as fd:
                      self.result = parser.parse_file(fd, None)
              else:
                  with open(f, encoding='utf-8') as fd:
                      self.result = parser.parse_file(fd, None)
              self._initialized = True
  
      def __repr__(self):
          return self.filename
  
  
  class Option():
      def __init__(self, option, value):
          self.type = 'Option'
          self.option = option
          self.value = value
          self.crc = str(option).encode()
  
      def __repr__(self):
          return str(self.option)
  
      def __getitem__(self, index):
          return self.option[index]
  
  
  class Array():
      def __init__(self, fieldtype, name, length, modern_vla=False):
          self.type = 'Array'
          self.fieldtype = fieldtype
          self.fieldname = name
          self.modern_vla = modern_vla
          if type(length) is str:
              self.lengthfield = length
              self.length = 0
              self.vla = True
          else:
              self.length = length
              self.lengthfield = None
              self.vla = False
  
      def __repr__(self):
          return str([self.fieldtype, self.fieldname, self.length,
                      self.lengthfield])
  
  
  class Field():
      def __init__(self, fieldtype, name, limit=None):
          self.type = 'Field'
          self.fieldtype = fieldtype
  
          if self.fieldtype == 'string':
              raise ValueError("The string type {!r} is an "
                               "array type ".format(name))
  
          if name in keyword.kwlist:
              raise ValueError("Fieldname {!r} is a python keyword and is not "
                               "accessible via the python API. ".format(name))
          self.fieldname = name
          self.limit = limit
  
      def __repr__(self):
          return str([self.fieldtype, self.fieldname])
  
  
  class Coord(object):
      """ Coordinates of a syntactic element. Consists of:
              - File name
              - Line number
              - (optional) column number, for the Lexer
      """
      __slots__ = ('file', 'line', 'column', '__weakref__')
  
      def __init__(self, file, line, column=None):
          self.file = file
          self.line = line
          self.column = column
  
      def __str__(self):
          str = "%s:%s" % (self.file, self.line)
          if self.column:
              str += ":%s" % self.column
          return str
  
  
  class ParseError(Exception):
      pass
  
  
  #
  # Grammar rules
  #
  class VPPAPIParser(object):
      tokens = VPPAPILexer.tokens
  
      def __init__(self, filename, logger):
          self.filename = filename
          self.logger = logger
          self.fields = []
  
      def _parse_error(self, msg, coord):
          raise ParseError("%s: %s" % (coord, msg))
  
      def _parse_warning(self, msg, coord):
          if self.logger:
              self.logger.warning("%s: %s" % (coord, msg))
  
      def _coord(self, lineno, column=None):
          return Coord(
                  file=self.filename,
                  line=lineno, column=column)
  
      def _token_coord(self, p, token_idx):
          """ Returns the coordinates for the YaccProduction object 'p' indexed
              with 'token_idx'. The coordinate includes the 'lineno' and
              'column'. Both follow the lex semantic, starting from 1.
          """
          last_cr = p.lexer.lexdata.rfind('\n', 0, p.lexpos(token_idx))
          if last_cr < 0:
              last_cr = -1
          column = (p.lexpos(token_idx) - (last_cr))
          return self._coord(p.lineno(token_idx), column)
  
      def p_slist(self, p):
          '''slist : stmt
                   | slist stmt'''
          if len(p) == 2:
              p[0] = [p[1]]
          else:
              p[0] = p[1] + [p[2]]
  
      def p_stmt(self, p):
          '''stmt : define
                  | typedef
                  | option
                  | import
                  | enum
                  | union
                  | service'''
          p[0] = p[1]
  
      def p_import(self, p):
          '''import : IMPORT STRING_LITERAL ';' '''
          p[0] = Import(p[2])
  
      def p_service(self, p):
          '''service : SERVICE '{' service_statements '}' ';' '''
          p[0] = p[3]
  
      def p_service_statements(self, p):
          '''service_statements : service_statement
                          | service_statements service_statement'''
          if len(p) == 2:
              p[0] = [p[1]]
          else:
              p[0] = p[1] + [p[2]]
  
      def p_service_statement(self, p):
          '''service_statement : RPC ID RETURNS NULL ';'
                               | RPC ID RETURNS ID ';'
                               | RPC ID RETURNS STREAM ID ';'
                               | RPC ID RETURNS ID EVENTS event_list ';' '''
          if p[2] == p[4]:
              # Verify that caller and reply differ
              self._parse_error(
                  'Reply ID ({}) should not be equal to Caller ID'.format(p[2]),
                  self._token_coord(p, 1))
          if len(p) == 8:
              p[0] = Service(p[2], p[4], p[6])
          elif len(p) == 7:
              p[0] = Service(p[2], p[5], stream=True)
          else:
              p[0] = Service(p[2], p[4])
  
      def p_event_list(self, p):
          '''event_list : events
                        | event_list events '''
          if len(p) == 2:
              p[0] = [p[1]]
          else:
              p[0] = p[1] + [p[2]]
  
      def p_event(self, p):
          '''events : ID
                    | ID ',' '''
          p[0] = p[1]
  
      def p_enum(self, p):
          '''enum : ENUM ID '{' enum_statements '}' ';' '''
          p[0] = Enum(p[2], p[4])
  
      def p_enum_type(self, p):
          ''' enum : ENUM ID ':' enum_size '{' enum_statements '}' ';' '''
          if len(p) == 9:
              p[0] = Enum(p[2], p[6], enumtype=p[4])
          else:
              p[0] = Enum(p[2], p[4])
  
      def p_enum_size(self, p):
          ''' enum_size : U8
                        | U16
                        | U32 '''
          p[0] = p[1]
  
      def p_define(self, p):
          '''define : DEFINE ID '{' block_statements_opt '}' ';' '''
          self.fields = []
          p[0] = Define(p[2], [], p[4])
  
      def p_define_flist(self, p):
          '''define : flist DEFINE ID '{' block_statements_opt '}' ';' '''
          # Legacy typedef
          if 'typeonly' in p[1]:
              self._parse_error('legacy typedef. use typedef: {} {}[{}];'
                                .format(p[1], p[2], p[4]),
                                self._token_coord(p, 1))
          else:
              p[0] = Define(p[3], p[1], p[5])
  
      def p_flist(self, p):
          '''flist : flag
                   | flist flag'''
          if len(p) == 2:
              p[0] = [p[1]]
          else:
              p[0] = p[1] + [p[2]]
  
      def p_flag(self, p):
          '''flag : MANUAL_PRINT
                  | MANUAL_ENDIAN
                  | DONT_TRACE
                  | TYPEONLY
                  | AUTOREPLY'''
          if len(p) == 1:
              return
          p[0] = p[1]
  
      def p_typedef(self, p):
          '''typedef : TYPEDEF ID '{' block_statements_opt '}' ';' '''
          p[0] = Typedef(p[2], [], p[4])
  
      def p_typedef_flist(self, p):
          '''typedef : flist TYPEDEF ID '{' block_statements_opt '}' ';' '''
          p[0] = Typedef(p[3], p[1], p[5])
  
      def p_typedef_alias(self, p):
          '''typedef : TYPEDEF declaration '''
          p[0] = Using(p[2].fieldname, [], p[2])
  
      def p_typedef_alias_flist(self, p):
          '''typedef : flist TYPEDEF declaration '''
          p[0] = Using(p[3].fieldname, p[1], p[3])
  
      def p_block_statements_opt(self, p):
          '''block_statements_opt : block_statements '''
          p[0] = p[1]
  
      def p_block_statements(self, p):
          '''block_statements : block_statement
                              | block_statements block_statement'''
          if len(p) == 2:
              p[0] = [p[1]]
          else:
              p[0] = p[1] + [p[2]]
  
      def p_block_statement(self, p):
          '''block_statement : declaration
                             | option '''
          p[0] = p[1]
  
      def p_enum_statements(self, p):
          '''enum_statements : enum_statement
                             | enum_statements enum_statement'''
          if len(p) == 2:
              p[0] = [p[1]]
          else:
              p[0] = p[1] + [p[2]]
  
      def p_enum_statement(self, p):
          '''enum_statement : ID '=' NUM ','
                            | ID ',' '''
          if len(p) == 5:
              p[0] = [p[1], p[3]]
          else:
              p[0] = p[1]
  
      def p_field_options(self, p):
          '''field_options : field_option
                             | field_options field_option'''
          if len(p) == 2:
              p[0] = p[1]
          else:
              p[0] = {**p[1], **p[2]}
  
      def p_field_option(self, p):
          '''field_option : ID
                          | ID '=' assignee ','
                          | ID '=' assignee
  
          '''
          if len(p) == 2:
              p[0] = {p[1]: None}
          else:
              p[0] = {p[1]: p[3]}
  
      def p_declaration(self, p):
          '''declaration : type_specifier ID ';'
                         | type_specifier ID '[' field_options ']' ';' '''
          if len(p) == 7:
              p[0] = Field(p[1], p[2], p[4])
          elif len(p) == 4:
              p[0] = Field(p[1], p[2])
          else:
              self._parse_error('ERROR')
          self.fields.append(p[2])
  
      def p_declaration_array_vla(self, p):
          '''declaration : type_specifier ID '[' ']' ';' '''
          p[0] = Array(p[1], p[2], 0, modern_vla=True)
  
      def p_declaration_array(self, p):
          '''declaration : type_specifier ID '[' NUM ']' ';'
                         | type_specifier ID '[' ID ']' ';' '''
  
          if len(p) != 7:
              return self._parse_error(
                  'array: %s' % p.value,
                  self._coord(lineno=p.lineno))
  
          # Make this error later
          if type(p[4]) is int and p[4] == 0:
              # XXX: Line number is wrong
              self._parse_warning('Old Style VLA: {} {}[{}];'
                                  .format(p[1], p[2], p[4]),
                                  self._token_coord(p, 1))
  
          if type(p[4]) is str and p[4] not in self.fields:
              # Verify that length field exists
              self._parse_error('Missing length field: {} {}[{}];'
                                .format(p[1], p[2], p[4]),
                                self._token_coord(p, 1))
          p[0] = Array(p[1], p[2], p[4])
  
      def p_option(self, p):
          '''option : OPTION ID '=' assignee ';' '''
          p[0] = Option(p[2], p[4])
  
      def p_assignee(self, p):
          '''assignee : NUM
                      | TRUE
                      | FALSE
                      | STRING_LITERAL '''
          p[0] = p[1]
  
      def p_type_specifier(self, p):
          '''type_specifier : U8
                            | U16
                            | U32
                            | U64
                            | I8
                            | I16
                            | I32
                            | I64
                            | F64
                            | BOOL
                            | STRING'''
          p[0] = p[1]
  
      # Do a second pass later to verify that user defined types are defined
      def p_typedef_specifier(self, p):
          '''type_specifier : ID '''
          if p[1] not in global_types:
              self._parse_error('Undefined type: {}'.format(p[1]),
                                self._token_coord(p, 1))
          p[0] = p[1]
  
      def p_union(self, p):
          '''union : UNION ID '{' block_statements_opt '}' ';' '''
          p[0] = Union(p[2], [], p[4])
  
      def p_union_flist(self, p):
          '''union : flist UNION ID '{' block_statements_opt '}' ';' '''
          p[0] = Union(p[3], p[1], p[5])
  
      # Error rule for syntax errors
      def p_error(self, p):
          if p:
              self._parse_error(
                  'before: %s' % p.value,
                  self._coord(lineno=p.lineno))
          else:
              self._parse_error('At end of input', self.filename)
  
  
  class VPPAPI(object):
  
      def __init__(self, debug=False, filename='', logger=None):
          self.lexer = lex.lex(module=VPPAPILexer(filename), debug=debug)
          self.parser = yacc.yacc(module=VPPAPIParser(filename, logger),
                                  write_tables=False, debug=debug)
          self.logger = logger
  
      def parse_string(self, code, debug=0, lineno=1):
          self.lexer.lineno = lineno
          return self.parser.parse(code, lexer=self.lexer, debug=debug)
  
      def parse_file(self, fd, debug=0):
          data = fd.read()
          return self.parse_string(data, debug=debug)
  
      def autoreply_block(self, name):
          block = [Field('u32', 'context'),
                   Field('i32', 'retval')]
          return Define(name + '_reply', [], block)
  
      def process(self, objs):
          s = {}
          s['Option'] = {}
          s['Define'] = []
          s['Service'] = []
          s['types'] = []
          s['Import'] = []
          crc = 0
          for o in objs:
              tname = o.__class__.__name__
              try:
                  crc = binascii.crc32(o.crc, crc)
              except AttributeError:
                  pass
              if isinstance(o, Define):
                  s[tname].append(o)
                  if o.autoreply:
                      s[tname].append(self.autoreply_block(o.name))
              elif isinstance(o, Option):
                  s[tname][o[1]] = o[2]
              elif type(o) is list:
                  for o2 in o:
                      if isinstance(o2, Service):
                          s['Service'].append(o2)
              elif (isinstance(o, Enum) or
                    isinstance(o, Typedef) or
                    isinstance(o, Using) or
                    isinstance(o, Union)):
                  s['types'].append(o)
              else:
                  if tname not in s:
                      raise ValueError('Unknown class type: {} {}'
                                       .format(tname, o))
                  s[tname].append(o)
  
          msgs = {d.name: d for d in s['Define']}
          svcs = {s.caller: s for s in s['Service']}
          replies = {s.reply: s for s in s['Service']}
          seen_services = {}
  
          s['file_crc'] = crc
  
          for service in svcs:
              if service not in msgs:
                  raise ValueError(
                      'Service definition refers to unknown message'
                      ' definition: {}'.format(service))
              if svcs[service].reply != 'null' and \
                 svcs[service].reply not in msgs:
                  raise ValueError('Service definition refers to unknown message'
                                   ' definition in reply: {}'
                                   .format(svcs[service].reply))
              if service in replies:
                  raise ValueError('Service definition refers to message'
                                   ' marked as reply: {}'.format(service))
              for event in svcs[service].events:
                  if event not in msgs:
                      raise ValueError('Service definition refers to unknown '
                                       'event: {} in message: {}'
                                       .format(event, service))
                  seen_services[event] = True
  
          # Create services implicitly
          for d in msgs:
              if d in seen_services:
                  continue
              if msgs[d].singular is True:
                  continue
              if d.endswith('_reply'):
                  if d[:-6] in svcs:
                      continue
                  if d[:-6] not in msgs:
                      raise ValueError('{} missing calling message'
                                       .format(d))
                  continue
              if d.endswith('_dump'):
                  if d in svcs:
                      continue
                  if d[:-5]+'_details' in msgs:
                      s['Service'].append(Service(d, d[:-5]+'_details',
                                                  stream=True))
                  else:
                      raise ValueError('{} missing details message'
                                       .format(d))
                  continue
  
              if d.endswith('_details'):
                  if d[:-8]+'_dump' not in msgs:
                      raise ValueError('{} missing dump message'
                                       .format(d))
                  continue
  
              if d in svcs:
                  continue
              if d+'_reply' in msgs:
                  s['Service'].append(Service(d, d+'_reply'))
              else:
                  raise ValueError(
                      '{} missing reply message ({}) or service definition'
                      .format(d, d+'_reply'))
  
          return s
  
      def process_imports(self, objs, in_import, result):
          imported_objs = []
          for o in objs:
              # Only allow the following object types from imported file
              if in_import and not (isinstance(o, Enum) or
                                    isinstance(o, Union) or
                                    isinstance(o, Typedef) or
                                    isinstance(o, Import) or
                                    isinstance(o, Using)):
                  continue
              if isinstance(o, Import):
                  result.append(o)
                  result = self.process_imports(o.result, True, result)
              else:
                  result.append(o)
          return result
  
  
  # Add message ids to each message.
  def add_msg_id(s):
      for o in s:
          o.block.insert(0, Field('u16', '_vl_msg_id'))
      return s
  
  
  dirlist = []
  
  
  def dirlist_add(dirs):
      global dirlist
      if dirs:
          dirlist = dirlist + dirs
  
  
  def dirlist_get():
      return dirlist
  
  
  def foldup_blocks(block, crc):
      for b in block:
          # Look up CRC in user defined types
          if b.fieldtype.startswith('vl_api_'):
              # Recursively
              t = global_types[b.fieldtype]
              try:
                  crc = crc_block_combine(t.block, crc)
                  return foldup_blocks(t.block, crc)
              except AttributeError:
                  pass
      return crc
  
  
  def foldup_crcs(s):
      for f in s:
          f.crc = foldup_blocks(f.block,
                                binascii.crc32(f.crc))
  
  
  #
  # Main
  #
  def main():
      if sys.version_info < (3, 5,):
          log.exception('vppapigen requires a supported version of python. '
                        'Please use version 3.5 or greater. '
                        'Using {}'.format(sys.version))
          return 1
  
      cliparser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='VPP API generator')
      cliparser.add_argument('--pluginpath', default=""),
      cliparser.add_argument('--includedir', action='append'),
      cliparser.add_argument('--outputdir', action='store'),
      cliparser.add_argument('--input',
                             type=argparse.FileType('r', encoding='UTF-8'),
                             default=sys.stdin)
      cliparser.add_argument('--output', nargs='?',
                             type=argparse.FileType('w', encoding='UTF-8'),
                             default=sys.stdout)
  
      cliparser.add_argument('output_module', nargs='?', default='C')
      cliparser.add_argument('--debug', action='store_true')
      cliparser.add_argument('--show-name', nargs=1)
      args = cliparser.parse_args()
  
      dirlist_add(args.includedir)
      if not args.debug:
          sys.excepthook = exception_handler
  
      # Filename
      if args.show_name:
          filename = args.show_name[0]
      elif args.input != sys.stdin:
          filename = args.input.name
      else:
          filename = ''
  
      if args.debug:
          logging.basicConfig(stream=sys.stdout, level=logging.WARNING)
      else:
          logging.basicConfig()
  
      parser = VPPAPI(debug=args.debug, filename=filename, logger=log)
      parsed_objects = parser.parse_file(args.input, log)
  
      # Build a list of objects. Hash of lists.
      result = []
  
      if args.output_module == 'C':
          s = parser.process(parsed_objects)
      else:
          result = parser.process_imports(parsed_objects, False, result)
          s = parser.process(result)
  
      # Add msg_id field
      s['Define'] = add_msg_id(s['Define'])
  
      # Fold up CRCs
      foldup_crcs(s['Define'])
  
      #
      # Debug
      if args.debug:
          import pprint
          pp = pprint.PrettyPrinter(indent=4, stream=sys.stderr)
          for t in s['Define']:
              pp.pprint([t.name, t.flags, t.block])
          for t in s['types']:
              pp.pprint([t.name, t.block])
  
      #
      # Generate representation
      #
      from importlib.machinery import SourceFileLoader
  
      # Default path
      pluginpath = ''
      if not args.pluginpath:
          cand = []
          cand.append(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)))
          cand.append(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) +
                      '/../share/vpp/')
          for c in cand:
              c += '/'
              if os.path.isfile('{}vppapigen_{}.py'
                                .format(c, args.output_module.lower())):
                  pluginpath = c
                  break
      else:
          pluginpath = args.pluginpath + '/'
      if pluginpath == '':
          log.exception('Output plugin not found')
          return 1
      module_path = '{}vppapigen_{}.py'.format(pluginpath,
                                               args.output_module.lower())
  
      try:
          plugin = SourceFileLoader(args.output_module,
                                    module_path).load_module()
      except Exception as err:
          log.exception('Error importing output plugin: {}, {}'
                        .format(module_path, err))
          return 1
  
      result = plugin.run(args, filename, s)
      if result:
          print(result, file=args.output)
      else:
          log.exception('Running plugin failed: {} {}'
                        .format(filename, result))
          return 1
      return 0
  
  
  if __name__ == '__main__':
      sys.exit(main())
  