text: #!/usr/bin/env python
  
  """This example demonstrates the flow for retrieving a refresh token.
  
  In order for this example to work your application's redirect URI must be set to
  http://localhost:8080.
  
  This tool can be used to conveniently create refresh tokens for later use with your web
  application OAuth2 credentials.
  
  """
  import random
  import socket
  import sys
  
  import praw
  
  
  def receive_connection():
      """Wait for and then return a connected socket..
  
      Opens a TCP connection on port 8080, and waits for a single client.
  
      """
      server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
      server.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
      server.bind(("localhost", 8080))
      server.listen(1)
      client = server.accept()[0]
      server.close()
      return client
  
  
  def send_message(client, message):
      """Send message to client and close the connection."""
      print(message)
      client.send(f"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n{message}".encode("utf-8"))
      client.close()
  
  
  def main():
      """Provide the program's entry point when directly executed."""
      print(
          "Go here while logged into the account you want to create a token for:"
          " https://www.reddit.com/prefs/apps/"
      )
      print(
          "Click the create an app button. Put something in the name field and select the"
          " script radio button."
      )
      print("Put http://localhost:8080 in the redirect uri field and click create app")
      client_id = input(
          "Enter the client ID, it's the line just under Personal use script at the top: "
      )
      client_secret = input("Enter the client secret, it's the line next to secret: ")
      commaScopes = input(
          "Now enter a comma separated list of scopes, or all for all tokens: "
      )
  
      if commaScopes.lower() == "all":
          scopes = ["*"]
      else:
          scopes = commaScopes.strip().split(",")
  
      reddit = praw.Reddit(
          client_id=client_id.strip(),
          client_secret=client_secret.strip(),
          redirect_uri="http://localhost:8080",
          user_agent="praw_refresh_token_example",
      )
      state = str(random.randint(0, 65000))
      url = reddit.auth.url(scopes, state, "permanent")
      print(f"Now open this url in your browser: {url}")
      sys.stdout.flush()
  
      client = receive_connection()
      data = client.recv(1024).decode("utf-8")
      param_tokens = data.split(" ", 2)[1].split("?", 1)[1].split("&")
      params = {
          key: value for (key, value) in [token.split("=") for token in param_tokens]
      }
  
      if state != params["state"]:
          send_message(
              client,
              f"State mismatch. Expected: {state} Received: {params['state']}",
          )
          return 1
      elif "error" in params:
          send_message(client, params["error"])
          return 1
  
      refresh_token = reddit.auth.authorize(params["code"])
      send_message(client, f"Refresh token: {refresh_token}")
      return 0
  
  
  if __name__ == "__main__":
      sys.exit(main())
  