text: """
  This module contains all the 2D line class which can draw with a
  variety of line styles, markers and colors.
  """
  
  # TODO: expose cap and join style attrs
  from __future__ import (absolute_import, division, print_function,
                          unicode_literals)
  
  import six
  
  import warnings
  
  import numpy as np
  from numpy import ma
  from . import artist, colors as mcolors
  from .artist import Artist
  from .cbook import (iterable, is_string_like, is_numlike, ls_mapper_r,
                      pts_to_prestep, pts_to_poststep, pts_to_midstep, ls_mapper,
                      is_hashable)
  
  from .path import Path
  from .transforms import Bbox, TransformedPath, IdentityTransform
  
  from matplotlib import rcParams
  from .artist import allow_rasterization
  from matplotlib import docstring
  from matplotlib.markers import MarkerStyle
  # Imported here for backward compatibility, even though they don't
  # really belong.
  from matplotlib.markers import TICKLEFT, TICKRIGHT, TICKUP, TICKDOWN
  from matplotlib.markers import (
      CARETLEFT, CARETRIGHT, CARETUP, CARETDOWN,
      CARETLEFTBASE, CARETRIGHTBASE, CARETUPBASE, CARETDOWNBASE)
  
  from matplotlib import _path
  
  
  def _get_dash_pattern(style):
      """Convert linestyle -> dash pattern
  
      """
      # go from short hand -> full strings
      if is_string_like(style) and is_hashable(style):
          style = ls_mapper.get(style, style)
      # un-dashed styles
      if style in ['solid', 'None']:
          offset, dashes = None, None
      # dashed styles
      elif style in ['dashed', 'dashdot', 'dotted']:
          offset = 0
          dashes = tuple(rcParams['lines.{}_pattern'.format(style)])
      #
      elif isinstance(style, tuple):
          offset, dashes = style
      else:
          raise ValueError('Unrecognized linestyle: %s' % str(style))
  
      # normalize offset to be positive and shorter than the dash cycle
      if dashes is not None and offset is not None:
          dsum = sum(dashes)
          if dsum:
              offset %= dsum
  
      return offset, dashes
  
  
  def _scale_dashes(offset, dashes, lw):
      if not rcParams['lines.scale_dashes']:
          return offset, dashes
      scale = max(2.0, lw)
      scaled_offset = scaled_dashes = None
      if offset is not None:
          scaled_offset = offset * scale
      if dashes is not None:
          scaled_dashes = [x * scale if x is not None else None
                           for x in dashes]
  
      return scaled_offset, scaled_dashes
  
  
  def segment_hits(cx, cy, x, y, radius):
      """
      Determine if any line segments are within radius of a
      point. Returns the list of line segments that are within that
      radius.
      """
      # Process single points specially
      if len(x) < 2:
          res, = np.nonzero((cx - x) ** 2 + (cy - y) ** 2 <= radius ** 2)
          return res
  
      # We need to lop the last element off a lot.
      xr, yr = x[:-1], y[:-1]
  
      # Only look at line segments whose nearest point to C on the line
      # lies within the segment.
      dx, dy = x[1:] - xr, y[1:] - yr
      Lnorm_sq = dx ** 2 + dy ** 2  # Possibly want to eliminate Lnorm==0
      u = ((cx - xr) * dx + (cy - yr) * dy) / Lnorm_sq
      candidates = (u >= 0) & (u <= 1)
      #if any(candidates): print "candidates",xr[candidates]
  
      # Note that there is a little area near one side of each point
      # which will be near neither segment, and another which will
      # be near both, depending on the angle of the lines.  The
      # following radius test eliminates these ambiguities.
      point_hits = (cx - x) ** 2 + (cy - y) ** 2 <= radius ** 2
      #if any(point_hits): print "points",xr[candidates]
      candidates = candidates & ~(point_hits[:-1] | point_hits[1:])
  
      # For those candidates which remain, determine how far they lie away
      # from the line.
      px, py = xr + u * dx, yr + u * dy
      line_hits = (cx - px) ** 2 + (cy - py) ** 2 <= radius ** 2
      #if any(line_hits): print "lines",xr[candidates]
      line_hits = line_hits & candidates
      points, = point_hits.ravel().nonzero()
      lines, = line_hits.ravel().nonzero()
      #print points,lines
      return np.concatenate((points, lines))
  
  
  def _mark_every_path(markevery, tpath, affine, ax_transform):
      """
      Helper function that sorts out how to deal the input
      `markevery` and returns the points where markers should be drawn.
  
      Takes in the `markevery` value and the line path and returns the
      sub-sampled path.
      """
      # pull out the two bits of data we want from the path
      codes, verts = tpath.codes, tpath.vertices
  
      def _slice_or_none(in_v, slc):
          '''
          Helper function to cope with `codes` being an
          ndarray or `None`
          '''
          if in_v is None:
              return None
          return in_v[slc]
  
      # if just a float, assume starting at 0.0 and make a tuple
      if isinstance(markevery, float):
          markevery = (0.0, markevery)
      # if just an int, assume starting at 0 and make a tuple
      elif isinstance(markevery, int):
          markevery = (0, markevery)
  
      if isinstance(markevery, tuple):
          if len(markevery) != 2:
              raise ValueError('`markevery` is a tuple but its '
                  'len is not 2; '
                  'markevery=%s' % (markevery,))
          start, step = markevery
          # if step is an int, old behavior
          if isinstance(step, int):
              #tuple of 2 int is for backwards compatibility,
              if not(isinstance(start, int)):
                  raise ValueError('`markevery` is a tuple with '
                      'len 2 and second element is an int, but '
                      'the first element is not an int; '
                      'markevery=%s' % (markevery,))
              # just return, we are done here
  
              return Path(verts[slice(start, None, step)],
                          _slice_or_none(codes, slice(start, None, step)))
  
          elif isinstance(step, float):
              if not (isinstance(start, int) or
                      isinstance(start, float)):
                  raise ValueError('`markevery` is a tuple with '
                      'len 2 and second element is a float, but '
                      'the first element is not a float or an '
                      'int; '
                      'markevery=%s' % (markevery,))
              #calc cumulative distance along path (in display
              # coords):
              disp_coords = affine.transform(tpath.vertices)
              delta = np.empty((len(disp_coords), 2),
                               dtype=float)
              delta[0, :] = 0.0
              delta[1:, :] = (disp_coords[1:, :] -
                                  disp_coords[:-1, :])
              delta = np.sum(delta**2, axis=1)
              delta = np.sqrt(delta)
              delta = np.cumsum(delta)
              #calc distance between markers along path based on
              # the axes bounding box diagonal being a distance
              # of unity:
              scale = ax_transform.transform(
                  np.array([[0, 0], [1, 1]]))
              scale = np.diff(scale, axis=0)
              scale = np.sum(scale**2)
              scale = np.sqrt(scale)
              marker_delta = np.arange(start * scale,
                                       delta[-1],
                                       step * scale)
              #find closest actual data point that is closest to
              # the theoretical distance along the path:
              inds = np.abs(delta[np.newaxis, :] -
                              marker_delta[:, np.newaxis])
              inds = inds.argmin(axis=1)
              inds = np.unique(inds)
              # return, we are done here
              return Path(verts[inds],
                          _slice_or_none(codes, inds))
          else:
              raise ValueError('`markevery` is a tuple with '
                  'len 2, but its second element is not an int '
                  'or a float; '
                  'markevery=%s' % (markevery,))
  
      elif isinstance(markevery, slice):
          # mazol tov, it's already a slice, just return
          return Path(verts[markevery],
                      _slice_or_none(codes, markevery))
  
      elif iterable(markevery):
          #fancy indexing
          try:
              return Path(verts[markevery],
                      _slice_or_none(codes, markevery))
  
          except (ValueError, IndexError):
              raise ValueError('`markevery` is iterable but '
                  'not a valid form of numpy fancy indexing; '
                  'markevery=%s' % (markevery,))
      else:
          raise ValueError('Value of `markevery` is not '
              'recognized; '
              'markevery=%s' % (markevery,))
  
  
  class Line2D(Artist):
      """
      A line - the line can have both a solid linestyle connecting all
      the vertices, and a marker at each vertex.  Additionally, the
      drawing of the solid line is influenced by the drawstyle, e.g., one
      can create "stepped" lines in various styles.
  
  
      """
      lineStyles = _lineStyles = {  # hidden names deprecated
          '-':    '_draw_solid',
          '--':   '_draw_dashed',
          '-.':   '_draw_dash_dot',
          ':':    '_draw_dotted',
          'None': '_draw_nothing',
          ' ':    '_draw_nothing',
          '':     '_draw_nothing',
      }
  
      _drawStyles_l = {
          'default':    '_draw_lines',
          'steps-mid':  '_draw_steps_mid',
          'steps-pre':  '_draw_steps_pre',
          'steps-post': '_draw_steps_post',
      }
  
      _drawStyles_s = {
          'steps': '_draw_steps_pre',
      }
  
      drawStyles = {}
      drawStyles.update(_drawStyles_l)
      drawStyles.update(_drawStyles_s)
      # Need a list ordered with long names first:
      drawStyleKeys = (list(six.iterkeys(_drawStyles_l)) +
                       list(six.iterkeys(_drawStyles_s)))
  
      # Referenced here to maintain API.  These are defined in
      # MarkerStyle
      markers = MarkerStyle.markers
      filled_markers = MarkerStyle.filled_markers
      fillStyles = MarkerStyle.fillstyles
  
      zorder = 2
      validCap = ('butt', 'round', 'projecting')
      validJoin = ('miter', 'round', 'bevel')
  
      def __str__(self):
          if self._label != "":
              return "Line2D(%s)" % (self._label)
          elif self._x is None:
              return "Line2D()"
          elif len(self._x) > 3:
              return "Line2D((%g,%g),(%g,%g),...,(%g,%g))"\
                  % (self._x[0], self._y[0], self._x[0],
                     self._y[0], self._x[-1], self._y[-1])
          else:
              return "Line2D(%s)"\
                  % (",".join(["(%g,%g)" % (x, y) for x, y
                               in zip(self._x, self._y)]))
  
      def __init__(self, xdata, ydata,
                   linewidth=None,  # all Nones default to rc
                   linestyle=None,
                   color=None,
                   marker=None,
                   markersize=None,
                   markeredgewidth=None,
                   markeredgecolor=None,
                   markerfacecolor=None,
                   markerfacecoloralt='none',
                   fillstyle=None,
                   antialiased=None,
                   dash_capstyle=None,
                   solid_capstyle=None,
                   dash_joinstyle=None,
                   solid_joinstyle=None,
                   pickradius=5,
                   drawstyle=None,
                   markevery=None,
                   **kwargs
                   ):
          """
          Create a :class:`~matplotlib.lines.Line2D` instance with *x*
          and *y* data in sequences *xdata*, *ydata*.
  
          The kwargs are :class:`~matplotlib.lines.Line2D` properties:
  
          %(Line2D)s
  
          See :meth:`set_linestyle` for a decription of the line styles,
          :meth:`set_marker` for a description of the markers, and
          :meth:`set_drawstyle` for a description of the draw styles.
  
          """
          Artist.__init__(self)
  
          #convert sequences to numpy arrays
          if not iterable(xdata):
              raise RuntimeError('xdata must be a sequence')
          if not iterable(ydata):
              raise RuntimeError('ydata must be a sequence')
  
          if linewidth is None:
              linewidth = rcParams['lines.linewidth']
  
          if linestyle is None:
              linestyle = rcParams['lines.linestyle']
          if marker is None:
              marker = rcParams['lines.marker']
          if color is None:
              color = rcParams['lines.color']
  
          if markersize is None:
              markersize = rcParams['lines.markersize']
          if antialiased is None:
              antialiased = rcParams['lines.antialiased']
          if dash_capstyle is None:
              dash_capstyle = rcParams['lines.dash_capstyle']
          if dash_joinstyle is None:
              dash_joinstyle = rcParams['lines.dash_joinstyle']
          if solid_capstyle is None:
              solid_capstyle = rcParams['lines.solid_capstyle']
          if solid_joinstyle is None:
              solid_joinstyle = rcParams['lines.solid_joinstyle']
  
          if is_string_like(linestyle):
              ds, ls = self._split_drawstyle_linestyle(linestyle)
              if ds is not None and drawstyle is not None and ds != drawstyle:
                  raise ValueError("Inconsistent drawstyle ({0!r}) and "
                                   "linestyle ({1!r})".format(drawstyle,
                                                              linestyle)
                                   )
              linestyle = ls
  
              if ds is not None:
                  drawstyle = ds
  
          if drawstyle is None:
              drawstyle = 'default'
  
          self._dashcapstyle = None
          self._dashjoinstyle = None
          self._solidjoinstyle = None
          self._solidcapstyle = None
          self.set_dash_capstyle(dash_capstyle)
          self.set_dash_joinstyle(dash_joinstyle)
          self.set_solid_capstyle(solid_capstyle)
          self.set_solid_joinstyle(solid_joinstyle)
  
          self._linestyles = None
          self._drawstyle = None
          self._linewidth = linewidth
  
          # scaled dash + offset
          self._dashSeq = None
          self._dashOffset = 0
          # unscaled dash + offset
          # this is needed scaling the dash pattern by linewidth
          self._us_dashSeq = None
          self._us_dashOffset = 0
  
          self.set_linestyle(linestyle)
          self.set_drawstyle(drawstyle)
          self.set_linewidth(linewidth)
  
          self._color = None
          self.set_color(color)
          self._marker = MarkerStyle()
          self.set_marker(marker)
  
          self._markevery = None
          self._markersize = None
          self._antialiased = None
  
          self.set_markevery(markevery)
          self.set_antialiased(antialiased)
          self.set_markersize(markersize)
  
          self._markeredgecolor = None
          self._markeredgewidth = None
          self._markerfacecolor = None
          self._markerfacecoloralt = None
  
          self.set_markerfacecolor(markerfacecolor)
          self.set_markerfacecoloralt(markerfacecoloralt)
          self.set_markeredgecolor(markeredgecolor)
          self.set_markeredgewidth(markeredgewidth)
  
          self.set_fillstyle(fillstyle)
  
          self.verticalOffset = None
  
          # update kwargs before updating data to give the caller a
          # chance to init axes (and hence unit support)
          self.update(kwargs)
          self.pickradius = pickradius
          self.ind_offset = 0
          if is_numlike(self._picker):
              self.pickradius = self._picker
  
          self._xorig = np.asarray([])
          self._yorig = np.asarray([])
          self._invalidx = True
          self._invalidy = True
          self._x = None
          self._y = None
          self._xy = None
          self._path = None
          self._transformed_path = None
          self._subslice = False
          self._x_filled = None  # used in subslicing; only x is needed
  
          self.set_data(xdata, ydata)
  
      def __getstate__(self):
          state = super(Line2D, self).__getstate__()
          # _linefunc will be restored on draw time.
          state.pop('_lineFunc', None)
          return state
  
      def contains(self, mouseevent):
          """
          Test whether the mouse event occurred on the line.  The pick
          radius determines the precision of the location test (usually
          within five points of the value).  Use
          :meth:`~matplotlib.lines.Line2D.get_pickradius` or
          :meth:`~matplotlib.lines.Line2D.set_pickradius` to view or
          modify it.
  
          Returns *True* if any values are within the radius along with
          ``{'ind': pointlist}``, where *pointlist* is the set of points
          within the radius.
  
          TODO: sort returned indices by distance
          """
          if six.callable(self._contains):
              return self._contains(self, mouseevent)
  
          if not is_numlike(self.pickradius):
              raise ValueError("pick radius should be a distance")
  
          # Make sure we have data to plot
          if self._invalidy or self._invalidx:
              self.recache()
          if len(self._xy) == 0:
              return False, {}
  
          # Convert points to pixels
          transformed_path = self._get_transformed_path()
          path, affine = transformed_path.get_transformed_path_and_affine()
          path = affine.transform_path(path)
          xy = path.vertices
          xt = xy[:, 0]
          yt = xy[:, 1]
  
          # Convert pick radius from points to pixels
          if self.figure is None:
              warnings.warn('no figure set when check if mouse is on line')
              pixels = self.pickradius
          else:
              pixels = self.figure.dpi / 72. * self.pickradius
  
          # the math involved in checking for containment (here and inside of
          # segment_hits) assumes that it is OK to overflow.  In case the
          # application has set the error flags such that an exception is raised
          # on overflow, we temporarily set the appropriate error flags here and
          # set them back when we are finished.
          olderrflags = np.seterr(all='ignore')
          try:
              # Check for collision
              if self._linestyle in ['None', None]:
                  # If no line, return the nearby point(s)
                  d = (xt - mouseevent.x) ** 2 + (yt - mouseevent.y) ** 2
                  ind, = np.nonzero(np.less_equal(d, pixels ** 2))
              else:
                  # If line, return the nearby segment(s)
                  ind = segment_hits(mouseevent.x, mouseevent.y, xt, yt, pixels)
          finally:
              np.seterr(**olderrflags)
  
          ind += self.ind_offset
  
          # Debugging message
          if False and self._label != '':
              print("Checking line", self._label,
                    "at", mouseevent.x, mouseevent.y)
              print('xt', xt)
              print('yt', yt)
              #print 'dx,dy', (xt-mouseevent.x)**2., (yt-mouseevent.y)**2.
              print('ind', ind)
  
          # Return the point(s) within radius
          return len(ind) > 0, dict(ind=ind)
  
      def get_pickradius(self):
          """return the pick radius used for containment tests"""
          return self.pickradius
  
      def set_pickradius(self, d):
          """Sets the pick radius used for containment tests
  
          ACCEPTS: float distance in points
          """
          self.pickradius = d
  
      def get_fillstyle(self):
          """
          return the marker fillstyle
          """
          return self._marker.get_fillstyle()
  
      def set_fillstyle(self, fs):
          """
          Set the marker fill style; 'full' means fill the whole marker.
          'none' means no filling; other options are for half-filled markers.
  
          ACCEPTS: ['full' | 'left' | 'right' | 'bottom' | 'top' | 'none']
          """
          self._marker.set_fillstyle(fs)
          self.stale = True
  
      def set_markevery(self, every):
          """Set the markevery property to subsample the plot when using markers.
  
          e.g., if `every=5`, every 5-th marker will be plotted.
  
          ACCEPTS: [None | int | length-2 tuple of int | slice |
          list/array of int | float | length-2 tuple of float]
  
          Parameters
          ----------
          every: None | int | length-2 tuple of int | slice | list/array of int |
          float | length-2 tuple of float
              Which markers to plot.
  
              - every=None, every point will be plotted.
              - every=N, every N-th marker will be plotted starting with
                marker 0.
              - every=(start, N), every N-th marker, starting at point
                start, will be plotted.
              - every=slice(start, end, N), every N-th marker, starting at
                point start, upto but not including point end, will be plotted.
              - every=[i, j, m, n], only markers at points i, j, m, and n
                will be plotted.
              - every=0.1, (i.e. a float) then markers will be spaced at
                approximately equal distances along the line; the distance
                along the line between markers is determined by multiplying the
                display-coordinate distance of the axes bounding-box diagonal
                by the value of every.
              - every=(0.5, 0.1) (i.e. a length-2 tuple of float), the
                same functionality as every=0.1 is exhibited but the first
                marker will be 0.5 multiplied by the
                display-cordinate-diagonal-distance along the line.
  
          Notes
          -----
          Setting the markevery property will only show markers at actual data
          points.  When using float arguments to set the markevery property
          on irregularly spaced data, the markers will likely not appear evenly
          spaced because the actual data points do not coincide with the
          theoretical spacing between markers.
  
          When using a start offset to specify the first marker, the offset will
          be from the first data point which may be different from the first
          the visible data point if the plot is zoomed in.
  
          If zooming in on a plot when using float arguments then the actual
          data points that have markers will change because the distance between
          markers is always determined from the display-coordinates
          axes-bounding-box-diagonal regardless of the actual axes data limits.
  
          """
          if self._markevery != every:
              self.stale = True
          self._markevery = every
  
      def get_markevery(self):
          """return the markevery setting"""
          return self._markevery
  
      def set_picker(self, p):
          """Sets the event picker details for the line.
  
          ACCEPTS: float distance in points or callable pick function
          ``fn(artist, event)``
          """
          if six.callable(p):
              self._contains = p
          else:
              self.pickradius = p
          self._picker = p
  
      def get_window_extent(self, renderer):
          bbox = Bbox([[0, 0], [0, 0]])
          trans_data_to_xy = self.get_transform().transform
          bbox.update_from_data_xy(trans_data_to_xy(self.get_xydata()),
                                   ignore=True)
          # correct for marker size, if any
          if self._marker:
              ms = (self._markersize / 72.0 * self.figure.dpi) * 0.5
              bbox = bbox.padded(ms)
          return bbox
  
      @Artist.axes.setter
      def axes(self, ax):
          # call the set method from the base-class property
          Artist.axes.fset(self, ax)
          if ax is not None:
              # connect unit-related callbacks
              if ax.xaxis is not None:
                  self._xcid = ax.xaxis.callbacks.connect('units',
                                                          self.recache_always)
              if ax.yaxis is not None:
                  self._ycid = ax.yaxis.callbacks.connect('units',
                                                          self.recache_always)
  
      def set_data(self, *args):
          """
          Set the x and y data
  
          ACCEPTS: 2D array (rows are x, y) or two 1D arrays
          """
          if len(args) == 1:
              x, y = args[0]
          else:
              x, y = args
  
          self.set_xdata(x)
          self.set_ydata(y)
  
      def recache_always(self):
          self.recache(always=True)
  
      def recache(self, always=False):
          if always or self._invalidx:
              xconv = self.convert_xunits(self._xorig)
              if ma.isMaskedArray(self._xorig):
                  x = ma.asarray(xconv, np.float_).filled(np.nan)
              else:
                  x = np.asarray(xconv, np.float_)
              x = x.ravel()
          else:
              x = self._x
          if always or self._invalidy:
              yconv = self.convert_yunits(self._yorig)
              if ma.isMaskedArray(self._yorig):
                  y = ma.asarray(yconv, np.float_).filled(np.nan)
              else:
                  y = np.asarray(yconv, np.float_)
              y = y.ravel()
          else:
              y = self._y
  
          if len(x) == 1 and len(y) > 1:
              x = x * np.ones(y.shape, np.float_)
          if len(y) == 1 and len(x) > 1:
              y = y * np.ones(x.shape, np.float_)
  
          if len(x) != len(y):
              raise RuntimeError('xdata and ydata must be the same length')
  
          self._xy = np.empty((len(x), 2), dtype=np.float_)
          self._xy[:, 0] = x
          self._xy[:, 1] = y
  
          self._x = self._xy[:, 0]  # just a view
          self._y = self._xy[:, 1]  # just a view
  
          self._subslice = False
          if (self.axes and len(x) > 1000 and self._is_sorted(x) and
                  self.axes.name == 'rectilinear' and
                  self.axes.get_xscale() == 'linear' and
                  self._markevery is None and
                  self.get_clip_on() is True):
              self._subslice = True
              nanmask = np.isnan(x)
              if nanmask.any():
                  self._x_filled = self._x.copy()
                  indices = np.arange(len(x))
                  self._x_filled[nanmask] = np.interp(indices[nanmask],
                          indices[~nanmask], self._x[~nanmask])
              else:
                  self._x_filled = self._x
  
          if self._path is not None:
              interpolation_steps = self._path._interpolation_steps
          else:
              interpolation_steps = 1
          self._path = Path(self._xy, None, interpolation_steps)
          self._transformed_path = None
          self._invalidx = False
          self._invalidy = False
  
      def _transform_path(self, subslice=None):
          """
          Puts a TransformedPath instance at self._transformed_path;
          all invalidation of the transform is then handled by the
          TransformedPath instance.
          """
          # Masked arrays are now handled by the Path class itself
          if subslice is not None:
              _steps = self._path._interpolation_steps
              _path = Path(self._xy[subslice, :], _interpolation_steps=_steps)
          else:
              _path = self._path
          self._transformed_path = TransformedPath(_path, self.get_transform())
  
      def _get_transformed_path(self):
          """
          Return the :class:`~matplotlib.transforms.TransformedPath` instance
          of this line.
          """
          if self._transformed_path is None:
              self._transform_path()
          return self._transformed_path
  
      def set_transform(self, t):
          """
          set the Transformation instance used by this artist
  
          ACCEPTS: a :class:`matplotlib.transforms.Transform` instance
          """
          Artist.set_transform(self, t)
          self._invalidx = True
          self._invalidy = True
          self.stale = True
  
      def _is_sorted(self, x):
          """return True if x is sorted in ascending order"""
          # We don't handle the monotonically decreasing case.
          return _path.is_sorted(x)
  
      @allow_rasterization
      def draw(self, renderer):
          """draw the Line with `renderer` unless visibility is False"""
          if not self.get_visible():
              return
  
          if self._invalidy or self._invalidx:
              self.recache()
          self.ind_offset = 0  # Needed for contains() method.
          if self._subslice and self.axes:
              x0, x1 = self.axes.get_xbound()
              i0, = self._x_filled.searchsorted([x0], 'left')
              i1, = self._x_filled.searchsorted([x1], 'right')
              subslice = slice(max(i0 - 1, 0), i1 + 1)
              self.ind_offset = subslice.start
              self._transform_path(subslice)
  
          transf_path = self._get_transformed_path()
  
          if self.get_path_effects():
              from matplotlib.patheffects import PathEffectRenderer
              renderer = PathEffectRenderer(self.get_path_effects(), renderer)
  
          renderer.open_group('line2d', self.get_gid())
          funcname = self._lineStyles.get(self._linestyle, '_draw_nothing')
          if funcname != '_draw_nothing':
              tpath, affine = transf_path.get_transformed_path_and_affine()
              if len(tpath.vertices):
                  self._lineFunc = getattr(self, funcname)
                  funcname = self.drawStyles.get(self._drawstyle, '_draw_lines')
                  drawFunc = getattr(self, funcname)
                  gc = renderer.new_gc()
                  self._set_gc_clip(gc)
  
                  ln_color_rgba = self._get_rgba_ln_color()
                  gc.set_foreground(ln_color_rgba, isRGBA=True)
                  gc.set_alpha(ln_color_rgba[3])
  
                  gc.set_antialiased(self._antialiased)
                  gc.set_linewidth(self._linewidth)
  
                  if self.is_dashed():
                      cap = self._dashcapstyle
                      join = self._dashjoinstyle
                  else:
                      cap = self._solidcapstyle
                      join = self._solidjoinstyle
                  gc.set_joinstyle(join)
                  gc.set_capstyle(cap)
                  gc.set_snap(self.get_snap())
                  if self.get_sketch_params() is not None:
                      gc.set_sketch_params(*self.get_sketch_params())
  
                  drawFunc(renderer, gc, tpath, affine.frozen())
                  gc.restore()
  
          if self._marker and self._markersize > 0:
              gc = renderer.new_gc()
              self._set_gc_clip(gc)
              rgbaFace = self._get_rgba_face()
              rgbaFaceAlt = self._get_rgba_face(alt=True)
              edgecolor = self.get_markeredgecolor()
              if is_string_like(edgecolor) and edgecolor.lower() == 'none':
                  gc.set_linewidth(0)
                  gc.set_foreground(rgbaFace, isRGBA=True)
              else:
                  gc.set_foreground(edgecolor)
                  gc.set_linewidth(self._markeredgewidth)
                  mec = self._markeredgecolor
                  if (is_string_like(mec) and mec == 'auto' and
                          rgbaFace is not None):
                      gc.set_alpha(rgbaFace[3])
                  else:
                      gc.set_alpha(self.get_alpha())
  
              marker = self._marker
              tpath, affine = transf_path.get_transformed_points_and_affine()
              if len(tpath.vertices):
                  # subsample the markers if markevery is not None
                  markevery = self.get_markevery()
                  if markevery is not None:
                      subsampled = _mark_every_path(markevery, tpath,
                                                    affine, self.axes.transAxes)
                  else:
                      subsampled = tpath
  
                  snap = marker.get_snap_threshold()
                  if type(snap) == float:
                      snap = renderer.points_to_pixels(self._markersize) >= snap
                  gc.set_snap(snap)
                  gc.set_joinstyle(marker.get_joinstyle())
                  gc.set_capstyle(marker.get_capstyle())
                  marker_path = marker.get_path()
                  marker_trans = marker.get_transform()
                  w = renderer.points_to_pixels(self._markersize)
                  if marker.get_marker() != ',':
                      # Don't scale for pixels, and don't stroke them
                      marker_trans = marker_trans.scale(w)
                  else:
                      gc.set_linewidth(0)
  
                  renderer.draw_markers(gc, marker_path, marker_trans,
                                        subsampled, affine.frozen(),
                                        rgbaFace)
  
                  alt_marker_path = marker.get_alt_path()
                  if alt_marker_path:
                      alt_marker_trans = marker.get_alt_transform()
                      alt_marker_trans = alt_marker_trans.scale(w)
                      if (is_string_like(mec) and mec == 'auto' and
                              rgbaFaceAlt is not None):
                          gc.set_alpha(rgbaFaceAlt[3])
                      else:
                          gc.set_alpha(self.get_alpha())
  
                      renderer.draw_markers(
                              gc, alt_marker_path, alt_marker_trans, subsampled,
                              affine.frozen(), rgbaFaceAlt)
  
              gc.restore()
  
          renderer.close_group('line2d')
          self.stale = False
  
      def get_antialiased(self):
          return self._antialiased
  
      def get_color(self):
          return self._color
  
      def get_drawstyle(self):
          return self._drawstyle
  
      def get_linestyle(self):
          return self._linestyle
  
      def get_linewidth(self):
          return self._linewidth
  
      def get_marker(self):
          return self._marker.get_marker()
  
      def get_markeredgecolor(self):
          mec = self._markeredgecolor
          if (is_string_like(mec) and mec == 'auto'):
              if rcParams['_internal.classic_mode']:
                  if self._marker.get_marker() in ('.', ','):
                      return self._color
                  if self._marker.is_filled() and self.get_fillstyle() != 'none':
                       return 'k'  # Bad hard-wired default...
              return self._color
          else:
              return mec
  
      def get_markeredgewidth(self):
          return self._markeredgewidth
  
      def _get_markerfacecolor(self, alt=False):
          if alt:
              fc = self._markerfacecoloralt
          else:
              fc = self._markerfacecolor
  
          if (is_string_like(fc) and fc.lower() == 'auto'):
              if self.get_fillstyle() == 'none':
                  return 'none'
              else:
                  return self._color
          else:
              return fc
  
      def get_markerfacecolor(self):
          return self._get_markerfacecolor(alt=False)
  
      def get_markerfacecoloralt(self):
          return self._get_markerfacecolor(alt=True)
  
      def get_markersize(self):
          return self._markersize
  
      def get_data(self, orig=True):
          """
          Return the xdata, ydata.
  
          If *orig* is *True*, return the original data.
          """
          return self.get_xdata(orig=orig), self.get_ydata(orig=orig)
  
      def get_xdata(self, orig=True):
          """
          Return the xdata.
  
          If *orig* is *True*, return the original data, else the
          processed data.
          """
          if orig:
              return self._xorig
          if self._invalidx:
              self.recache()
          return self._x
  
      def get_ydata(self, orig=True):
          """
          Return the ydata.
  
          If *orig* is *True*, return the original data, else the
          processed data.
          """
          if orig:
              return self._yorig
          if self._invalidy:
              self.recache()
          return self._y
  
      def get_path(self):
          """
          Return the :class:`~matplotlib.path.Path` object associated
          with this line.
          """
          if self._invalidy or self._invalidx:
              self.recache()
          return self._path
  
      def get_xydata(self):
          """
          Return the *xy* data as a Nx2 numpy array.
          """
          if self._invalidy or self._invalidx:
              self.recache()
          return self._xy
  
      def set_antialiased(self, b):
          """
          True if line should be drawin with antialiased rendering
  
          ACCEPTS: [True | False]
          """
          if self._antialiased != b:
              self.stale = True
          self._antialiased = b
  
      def set_color(self, color):
          """
          Set the color of the line
  
          ACCEPTS: any matplotlib color
          """
          self._color = color
          self.stale = True
  
      def set_drawstyle(self, drawstyle):
          """
          Set the drawstyle of the plot
  
          'default' connects the points with lines. The steps variants
          produce step-plots. 'steps' is equivalent to 'steps-pre' and
          is maintained for backward-compatibility.
  
          ACCEPTS: ['default' | 'steps' | 'steps-pre' | 'steps-mid' |
                    'steps-post']
          """
          if drawstyle is None:
              drawstyle = 'default'
          if drawstyle not in self.drawStyles:
              raise ValueError('Unrecognized drawstyle ' +
                               ' '.join(self.drawStyleKeys))
          if self._drawstyle != drawstyle:
              self.stale = True
          self._drawstyle = drawstyle
  
      def set_linewidth(self, w):
          """
          Set the line width in points
  
          ACCEPTS: float value in points
          """
          w = float(w)
  
          if self._linewidth != w:
              self.stale = True
          self._linewidth = w
          # rescale the dashes + offset
          self._dashOffset, self._dashSeq = _scale_dashes(
              self._us_dashOffset, self._us_dashSeq, self._linewidth)
  
      def _split_drawstyle_linestyle(self, ls):
          '''Split drawstyle from linestyle string
  
          If `ls` is only a drawstyle default to returning a linestyle
          of '-'.
  
          Parameters
          ----------
          ls : str
              The linestyle to be processed
  
          Returns
          -------
          ret_ds : str or None
              If the linestyle string does not contain a drawstyle prefix
              return None, otherwise return it.
  
          ls : str
              The linestyle with the drawstyle (if any) stripped.
          '''
          ret_ds = None
          for ds in self.drawStyleKeys:  # long names are first in the list
              if ls.startswith(ds):
                  ret_ds = ds
                  if len(ls) > len(ds):
                      ls = ls[len(ds):]
                  else:
                      ls = '-'
                  break
  
          return ret_ds, ls
  
      def set_linestyle(self, ls):
          """
          Set the linestyle of the line (also accepts drawstyles,
          e.g., ``'steps--'``)
  
  
          ===========================   =================
          linestyle                     description
          ===========================   =================
          ``'-'`` or ``'solid'``        solid line
          ``'--'`` or  ``'dashed'``     dashed line
          ``'-.'`` or  ``'dashdot'``    dash-dotted line
          ``':'`` or ``'dotted'``       dotted line
          ``'None'``                    draw nothing
          ``' '``                       draw nothing
          ``''``                        draw nothing
          ===========================   =================
  
          'steps' is equivalent to 'steps-pre' and is maintained for
          backward-compatibility.
  
          Alternatively a dash tuple of the following form can be provided::
  
              (offset, onoffseq),
  
          where ``onoffseq`` is an even length tuple of on and off ink
          in points.
  
  
          ACCEPTS: ['solid' | 'dashed', 'dashdot', 'dotted' |
                     (offset, on-off-dash-seq) |
                     ``'-'`` | ``'--'`` | ``'-.'`` | ``':'`` | ``'None'`` |
                     ``' '`` | ``''``]
  
          .. seealso::
  
              :meth:`set_drawstyle`
                 To set the drawing style (stepping) of the plot.
  
          Parameters
          ----------
          ls : { ``'-'``,  ``'--'``, ``'-.'``, ``':'``} and more see description
              The line style.
          """
          if is_string_like(ls):
              ds, ls = self._split_drawstyle_linestyle(ls)
              if ds is not None:
                  self.set_drawstyle(ds)
  
              if ls in [' ', '', 'none']:
                  ls = 'None'
  
              if ls not in self._lineStyles:
                  try:
                      ls = ls_mapper_r[ls]
                  except KeyError:
                      raise ValueError(("You passed in an invalid linestyle, "
                                        "`{0}`.  See "
                                        "docs of Line2D.set_linestyle for "
                                        "valid values.").format(ls))
              self._linestyle = ls
          else:
              self._linestyle = '--'
  
          # get the unscaled dashes
          self._us_dashOffset, self._us_dashSeq = _get_dash_pattern(ls)
          # compute the linewidth scaled dashes
          self._dashOffset, self._dashSeq = _scale_dashes(
              self._us_dashOffset, self._us_dashSeq, self._linewidth)
  
      @docstring.dedent_interpd
      def set_marker(self, marker):
          """
          Set the line marker
  
          ACCEPTS: :mod:`A valid marker style <matplotlib.markers>`
  
          Parameters
          ----------
  
          marker: marker style
              See `~matplotlib.markers` for full description of possible
              argument
  
          """
          self._marker.set_marker(marker)
          self.stale = True
  
      def set_markeredgecolor(self, ec):
          """
          Set the marker edge color
  
          ACCEPTS: any matplotlib color
          """
          if ec is None:
              ec = 'auto'
          if self._markeredgecolor != ec:
              self.stale = True
          self._markeredgecolor = ec
  
      def set_markeredgewidth(self, ew):
          """
          Set the marker edge width in points
  
          ACCEPTS: float value in points
          """
          if ew is None:
              ew = rcParams['lines.markeredgewidth']
          if self._markeredgewidth != ew:
              self.stale = True
          self._markeredgewidth = ew
  
      def set_markerfacecolor(self, fc):
          """
          Set the marker face color.
  
          ACCEPTS: any matplotlib color
          """
          if fc is None:
              fc = 'auto'
          if self._markerfacecolor != fc:
              self.stale = True
          self._markerfacecolor = fc
  
      def set_markerfacecoloralt(self, fc):
          """
          Set the alternate marker face color.
  
          ACCEPTS: any matplotlib color
          """
          if fc is None:
              fc = 'auto'
          if self._markerfacecoloralt != fc:
              self.stale = True
          self._markerfacecoloralt = fc
  
      def set_markersize(self, sz):
          """
          Set the marker size in points
  
          ACCEPTS: float
          """
          sz = float(sz)
          if self._markersize != sz:
              self.stale = True
          self._markersize = sz
  
      def set_xdata(self, x):
          """
          Set the data np.array for x
  
          ACCEPTS: 1D array
          """
          self._xorig = x
          self._invalidx = True
          self.stale = True
  
      def set_ydata(self, y):
          """
          Set the data np.array for y
  
          ACCEPTS: 1D array
          """
          self._yorig = y
          self._invalidy = True
          self.stale = True
  
      def set_dashes(self, seq):
          """
          Set the dash sequence, sequence of dashes with on off ink in
          points.  If seq is empty or if seq = (None, None), the
          linestyle will be set to solid.
  
          ACCEPTS: sequence of on/off ink in points
          """
          if seq == (None, None) or len(seq) == 0:
              self.set_linestyle('-')
          else:
              self.set_linestyle((0, seq))
  
      def _draw_lines(self, renderer, gc, path, trans):
          self._lineFunc(renderer, gc, path, trans)
  
      def _draw_steps_pre(self, renderer, gc, path, trans):
          steps = np.vstack(pts_to_prestep(*self._xy.T)).T
  
          path = Path(steps)
          path = path.transformed(self.get_transform())
          self._lineFunc(renderer, gc, path, IdentityTransform())
  
      def _draw_steps_post(self, renderer, gc, path, trans):
          steps = np.vstack(pts_to_poststep(*self._xy.T)).T
  
          path = Path(steps)
          path = path.transformed(self.get_transform())
          self._lineFunc(renderer, gc, path, IdentityTransform())
  
      def _draw_steps_mid(self, renderer, gc, path, trans):
          steps = np.vstack(pts_to_midstep(*self._xy.T)).T
  
          path = Path(steps)
          path = path.transformed(self.get_transform())
          self._lineFunc(renderer, gc, path, IdentityTransform())
  
      def _draw_solid(self, renderer, gc, path, trans):
          gc.set_linestyle('solid')
          gc.set_dashes(self._dashOffset, self._dashSeq)
          renderer.draw_path(gc, path, trans)
  
      def _draw_dashed(self, renderer, gc, path, trans):
          gc.set_linestyle('dashed')
          gc.set_dashes(self._dashOffset, self._dashSeq)
          renderer.draw_path(gc, path, trans)
  
      def _draw_dash_dot(self, renderer, gc, path, trans):
          gc.set_linestyle('dashdot')
          gc.set_dashes(self._dashOffset, self._dashSeq)
          renderer.draw_path(gc, path, trans)
  
      def _draw_dotted(self, renderer, gc, path, trans):
          gc.set_linestyle('dotted')
          gc.set_dashes(self._dashOffset, self._dashSeq)
          renderer.draw_path(gc, path, trans)
  
      def update_from(self, other):
          """copy properties from other to self"""
          Artist.update_from(self, other)
          self._linestyle = other._linestyle
          self._linewidth = other._linewidth
          self._color = other._color
          self._markersize = other._markersize
          self._markerfacecolor = other._markerfacecolor
          self._markerfacecoloralt = other._markerfacecoloralt
          self._markeredgecolor = other._markeredgecolor
          self._markeredgewidth = other._markeredgewidth
          self._dashSeq = other._dashSeq
          self._us_dashSeq = other._us_dashSeq
          self._dashOffset = other._dashOffset
          self._us_dashOffset = other._us_dashOffset
          self._dashcapstyle = other._dashcapstyle
          self._dashjoinstyle = other._dashjoinstyle
          self._solidcapstyle = other._solidcapstyle
          self._solidjoinstyle = other._solidjoinstyle
  
          self._linestyle = other._linestyle
          self._marker = MarkerStyle(other._marker.get_marker(),
                                     other._marker.get_fillstyle())
          self._drawstyle = other._drawstyle
  
      def _get_rgba_face(self, alt=False):
          facecolor = self._get_markerfacecolor(alt=alt)
          if is_string_like(facecolor) and facecolor.lower() == 'none':
              rgbaFace = None
          else:
              rgbaFace = mcolors.to_rgba(facecolor, self._alpha)
          return rgbaFace
  
      def _get_rgba_ln_color(self, alt=False):
          return mcolors.to_rgba(self._color, self._alpha)
  
      # some aliases....
      def set_aa(self, val):
          'alias for set_antialiased'
          self.set_antialiased(val)
  
      def set_c(self, val):
          'alias for set_color'
          self.set_color(val)
  
      def set_ls(self, val):
          """alias for set_linestyle"""
          self.set_linestyle(val)
  
      def set_lw(self, val):
          """alias for set_linewidth"""
          self.set_linewidth(val)
  
      def set_mec(self, val):
          """alias for set_markeredgecolor"""
          self.set_markeredgecolor(val)
  
      def set_mew(self, val):
          """alias for set_markeredgewidth"""
          self.set_markeredgewidth(val)
  
      def set_mfc(self, val):
          """alias for set_markerfacecolor"""
          self.set_markerfacecolor(val)
  
      def set_mfcalt(self, val):
          """alias for set_markerfacecoloralt"""
          self.set_markerfacecoloralt(val)
  
      def set_ms(self, val):
          """alias for set_markersize"""
          self.set_markersize(val)
  
      def get_aa(self):
          """alias for get_antialiased"""
          return self.get_antialiased()
  
      def get_c(self):
          """alias for get_color"""
          return self.get_color()
  
      def get_ls(self):
          """alias for get_linestyle"""
          return self.get_linestyle()
  
      def get_lw(self):
          """alias for get_linewidth"""
          return self.get_linewidth()
  
      def get_mec(self):
          """alias for get_markeredgecolor"""
          return self.get_markeredgecolor()
  
      def get_mew(self):
          """alias for get_markeredgewidth"""
          return self.get_markeredgewidth()
  
      def get_mfc(self):
          """alias for get_markerfacecolor"""
          return self.get_markerfacecolor()
  
      def get_mfcalt(self, alt=False):
          """alias for get_markerfacecoloralt"""
          return self.get_markerfacecoloralt()
  
      def get_ms(self):
          """alias for get_markersize"""
          return self.get_markersize()
  
      def set_dash_joinstyle(self, s):
          """
          Set the join style for dashed linestyles
          ACCEPTS: ['miter' | 'round' | 'bevel']
          """
          s = s.lower()
          if s not in self.validJoin:
              raise ValueError('set_dash_joinstyle passed "%s";\n' % (s,)
                               + 'valid joinstyles are %s' % (self.validJoin,))
          if self._dashjoinstyle != s:
              self.stale = True
          self._dashjoinstyle = s
  
      def set_solid_joinstyle(self, s):
          """
          Set the join style for solid linestyles
          ACCEPTS: ['miter' | 'round' | 'bevel']
          """
          s = s.lower()
          if s not in self.validJoin:
              raise ValueError('set_solid_joinstyle passed "%s";\n' % (s,)
                               + 'valid joinstyles are %s' % (self.validJoin,))
  
          if self._solidjoinstyle != s:
              self.stale = True
          self._solidjoinstyle = s
  
      def get_dash_joinstyle(self):
          """
          Get the join style for dashed linestyles
          """
          return self._dashjoinstyle
  
      def get_solid_joinstyle(self):
          """
          Get the join style for solid linestyles
          """
          return self._solidjoinstyle
  
      def set_dash_capstyle(self, s):
          """
          Set the cap style for dashed linestyles
  
          ACCEPTS: ['butt' | 'round' | 'projecting']
          """
          s = s.lower()
          if s not in self.validCap:
              raise ValueError('set_dash_capstyle passed "%s";\n' % (s,)
                               + 'valid capstyles are %s' % (self.validCap,))
          if self._dashcapstyle != s:
              self.stale = True
          self._dashcapstyle = s
  
      def set_solid_capstyle(self, s):
          """
          Set the cap style for solid linestyles
  
          ACCEPTS: ['butt' | 'round' |  'projecting']
          """
          s = s.lower()
          if s not in self.validCap:
              raise ValueError('set_solid_capstyle passed "%s";\n' % (s,)
                               + 'valid capstyles are %s' % (self.validCap,))
          if self._solidcapstyle != s:
              self.stale = True
          self._solidcapstyle = s
  
      def get_dash_capstyle(self):
          """
          Get the cap style for dashed linestyles
          """
          return self._dashcapstyle
  
      def get_solid_capstyle(self):
          """
          Get the cap style for solid linestyles
          """
          return self._solidcapstyle
  
      def is_dashed(self):
          'return True if line is dashstyle'
          return self._linestyle in ('--', '-.', ':')
  
  
  class VertexSelector(object):
      """
      Manage the callbacks to maintain a list of selected vertices for
      :class:`matplotlib.lines.Line2D`. Derived classes should override
      :meth:`~matplotlib.lines.VertexSelector.process_selected` to do
      something with the picks.
  
      Here is an example which highlights the selected verts with red
      circles::
  
          import numpy as np
          import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
          import matplotlib.lines as lines
  
          class HighlightSelected(lines.VertexSelector):
              def __init__(self, line, fmt='ro', **kwargs):
                  lines.VertexSelector.__init__(self, line)
                  self.markers, = self.axes.plot([], [], fmt, **kwargs)
  
              def process_selected(self, ind, xs, ys):
                  self.markers.set_data(xs, ys)
                  self.canvas.draw()
  
          fig = plt.figure()
          ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
          x, y = np.random.rand(2, 30)
          line, = ax.plot(x, y, 'bs-', picker=5)
  
          selector = HighlightSelected(line)
          plt.show()
  
      """
      def __init__(self, line):
          """
          Initialize the class with a :class:`matplotlib.lines.Line2D`
          instance.  The line should already be added to some
          :class:`matplotlib.axes.Axes` instance and should have the
          picker property set.
          """
          if line.axes is None:
              raise RuntimeError('You must first add the line to the Axes')
  
          if line.get_picker() is None:
              raise RuntimeError('You must first set the picker property '
                                 'of the line')
  
          self.axes = line.axes
          self.line = line
          self.canvas = self.axes.figure.canvas
          self.cid = self.canvas.mpl_connect('pick_event', self.onpick)
  
          self.ind = set()
  
      def process_selected(self, ind, xs, ys):
          """
          Default "do nothing" implementation of the
          :meth:`process_selected` method.
  
          *ind* are the indices of the selected vertices.  *xs* and *ys*
          are the coordinates of the selected vertices.
          """
          pass
  
      def onpick(self, event):
          """When the line is picked, update the set of selected indicies."""
          if event.artist is not self.line:
              return
  
          for i in event.ind:
              if i in self.ind:
                  self.ind.remove(i)
              else:
                  self.ind.add(i)
  
          ind = list(self.ind)
          ind.sort()
          xdata, ydata = self.line.get_data()
          self.process_selected(ind, xdata[ind], ydata[ind])
  
  
  lineStyles = Line2D._lineStyles
  lineMarkers = MarkerStyle.markers
  drawStyles = Line2D.drawStyles
  fillStyles = MarkerStyle.fillstyles
  
  docstring.interpd.update(Line2D=artist.kwdoc(Line2D))
  
  # You can not set the docstring of an instancemethod,
  # but you can on the underlying function.  Go figure.
  docstring.dedent_interpd(Line2D.__init__)
  