text: --
  -- TIMESTAMPTZ
  --
  
  CREATE TABLE TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL (d1 timestamp(2) with time zone);
  
  -- Test shorthand input values
  -- We can't just "select" the results since they aren't constants; test for
  -- equality instead.  We can do that by running the test inside a transaction
  -- block, within which the value of 'now' shouldn't change.  We also check
  -- that 'now' *does* change over a reasonable interval such as 100 msec.
  -- NOTE: it is possible for this part of the test to fail if the transaction
  -- block is entered exactly at local midnight; then 'now' and 'today' have
  -- the same values and the counts will come out different.
  
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('now');
  SELECT pg_sleep(0.1);
  
  BEGIN;
  
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('now');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('today');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('yesterday');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('tomorrow');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('tomorrow EST');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('tomorrow zulu');
  
  SELECT count(*) AS One FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL WHERE d1 = timestamp with time zone 'today';
  SELECT count(*) AS One FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL WHERE d1 = timestamp with time zone 'tomorrow';
  SELECT count(*) AS One FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL WHERE d1 = timestamp with time zone 'yesterday';
  SELECT count(*) AS One FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL WHERE d1 = timestamp(2) with time zone 'now';
  
  COMMIT;
  
  DELETE FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL;
  
  -- verify uniform transaction time within transaction block
  BEGIN;
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('now');
  SELECT pg_sleep(0.1);
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('now');
  SELECT pg_sleep(0.1);
  SELECT count(*) AS two FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL WHERE d1 = timestamp(2) with time zone 'now';
  COMMIT;
  
  DELETE FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL;
  
  -- Special values
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('-infinity');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('infinity');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('epoch');
  
  -- Postgres v6.0 standard output format
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Mon Feb 10 17:32:01 1997 PST');
  
  -- Variations on Postgres v6.1 standard output format
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Mon Feb 10 17:32:01.000001 1997 PST');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Mon Feb 10 17:32:01.999999 1997 PST');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Mon Feb 10 17:32:01.4 1997 PST');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Mon Feb 10 17:32:01.5 1997 PST');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Mon Feb 10 17:32:01.6 1997 PST');
  
  -- ISO 8601 format
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('1997-01-02');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('1997-01-02 03:04:05');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('1997-02-10 17:32:01-08');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('1997-02-10 17:32:01-0800');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('1997-02-10 17:32:01 -08:00');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('19970210 173201 -0800');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('1997-06-10 17:32:01 -07:00');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('2001-09-22T18:19:20');
  
  -- POSIX format (note that the timezone abbrev is just decoration here)
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('2000-03-15 08:14:01 GMT+8');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('2000-03-15 13:14:02 GMT-1');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('2000-03-15 12:14:03 GMT-2');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('2000-03-15 03:14:04 PST+8');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('2000-03-15 02:14:05 MST+7:00');
  
  -- Variations for acceptable input formats
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 10 17:32:01 1997 -0800');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 10 17:32:01 1997');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 10 5:32PM 1997');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('1997/02/10 17:32:01-0800');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('1997-02-10 17:32:01 PST');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb-10-1997 17:32:01 PST');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('02-10-1997 17:32:01 PST');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('19970210 173201 PST');
  set datestyle to ymd;
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('97FEB10 5:32:01PM UTC');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('97/02/10 17:32:01 UTC');
  reset datestyle;
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('1997.041 17:32:01 UTC');
  
  -- timestamps at different timezones
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('19970210 173201 America/New_York');
  SELECT '19970210 173201' AT TIME ZONE 'America/New_York';
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('19970710 173201 America/New_York');
  SELECT '19970710 173201' AT TIME ZONE 'America/New_York';
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('19970710 173201 America/Does_not_exist');
  SELECT '19970710 173201' AT TIME ZONE 'America/Does_not_exist';
  
  -- Daylight saving time for timestamps beyond 32-bit time_t range.
  SELECT '20500710 173201 Europe/Helsinki'::timestamptz; -- DST
  SELECT '20500110 173201 Europe/Helsinki'::timestamptz; -- non-DST
  
  SELECT '205000-07-10 17:32:01 Europe/Helsinki'::timestamptz; -- DST
  SELECT '205000-01-10 17:32:01 Europe/Helsinki'::timestamptz; -- non-DST
  
  -- Check date conversion and date arithmetic
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('1997-06-10 18:32:01 PDT');
  
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 10 17:32:01 1997');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 11 17:32:01 1997');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 12 17:32:01 1997');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 13 17:32:01 1997');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 14 17:32:01 1997');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 15 17:32:01 1997');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 1997');
  
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 0097 BC');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 0097');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 0597');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 1097');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 1697');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 1797');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 1897');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 1997');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 2097');
  
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 28 17:32:01 1996');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 29 17:32:01 1996');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Mar 01 17:32:01 1996');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Dec 30 17:32:01 1996');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Dec 31 17:32:01 1996');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Jan 01 17:32:01 1997');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 28 17:32:01 1997');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 29 17:32:01 1997');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Mar 01 17:32:01 1997');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Dec 30 17:32:01 1997');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Dec 31 17:32:01 1997');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Dec 31 17:32:01 1999');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Jan 01 17:32:01 2000');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Dec 31 17:32:01 2000');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Jan 01 17:32:01 2001');
  
  -- Currently unsupported syntax and ranges
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 -0097');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 5097 BC');
  
  -- Alternative field order that we've historically supported (sort of)
  -- with regular and POSIXy timezone specs
  SELECT 'Wed Jul 11 10:51:14 America/New_York 2001'::timestamptz;
  SELECT 'Wed Jul 11 10:51:14 GMT-4 2001'::timestamptz;
  SELECT 'Wed Jul 11 10:51:14 GMT+4 2001'::timestamptz;
  SELECT 'Wed Jul 11 10:51:14 PST-03:00 2001'::timestamptz;
  SELECT 'Wed Jul 11 10:51:14 PST+03:00 2001'::timestamptz;
  
  SELECT '' AS "64", d1 FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL;
  
  -- Check behavior at the lower boundary of the timestamp range
  SELECT '4714-11-24 00:00:00+00 BC'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '4714-11-23 16:00:00-08 BC'::timestamptz;
  SELECT 'Sun Nov 23 16:00:00 4714 PST BC'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '4714-11-23 23:59:59+00 BC'::timestamptz;  -- out of range
  -- The upper boundary differs between integer and float timestamps, so no check
  
  -- Demonstrate functions and operators
  SELECT '' AS "48", d1 FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL
     WHERE d1 > timestamp with time zone '1997-01-02';
  
  SELECT '' AS "15", d1 FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL
     WHERE d1 < timestamp with time zone '1997-01-02';
  
  SELECT '' AS one, d1 FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL
     WHERE d1 = timestamp with time zone '1997-01-02';
  
  SELECT '' AS "63", d1 FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL
     WHERE d1 != timestamp with time zone '1997-01-02';
  
  SELECT '' AS "16", d1 FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL
     WHERE d1 <= timestamp with time zone '1997-01-02';
  
  SELECT '' AS "49", d1 FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL
     WHERE d1 >= timestamp with time zone '1997-01-02';
  
  SELECT '' AS "54", d1 - timestamp with time zone '1997-01-02' AS diff
     FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL WHERE d1 BETWEEN '1902-01-01' AND '2038-01-01';
  
  SELECT '' AS date_trunc_week, date_trunc( 'week', timestamp with time zone '2004-02-29 15:44:17.71393' ) AS week_trunc;
  
  SELECT '' AS date_trunc_at_tz, date_trunc('day', timestamp with time zone '2001-02-16 20:38:40+00', 'Australia/Sydney') as sydney_trunc;  -- zone name
  SELECT '' AS date_trunc_at_tz, date_trunc('day', timestamp with time zone '2001-02-16 20:38:40+00', 'GMT') as gmt_trunc;  -- fixed-offset abbreviation
  SELECT '' AS date_trunc_at_tz, date_trunc('day', timestamp with time zone '2001-02-16 20:38:40+00', 'VET') as vet_trunc;  -- variable-offset abbreviation
  
  -- Test casting within a BETWEEN qualifier
  SELECT '' AS "54", d1 - timestamp with time zone '1997-01-02' AS diff
    FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL
    WHERE d1 BETWEEN timestamp with time zone '1902-01-01' AND timestamp with time zone '2038-01-01';
  
  SELECT '' AS "54", d1 as timestamptz,
     date_part( 'year', d1) AS year, date_part( 'month', d1) AS month,
     date_part( 'day', d1) AS day, date_part( 'hour', d1) AS hour,
     date_part( 'minute', d1) AS minute, date_part( 'second', d1) AS second
     FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL WHERE d1 BETWEEN '1902-01-01' AND '2038-01-01';
  
  SELECT '' AS "54", d1 as timestamptz,
     date_part( 'quarter', d1) AS quarter, date_part( 'msec', d1) AS msec,
     date_part( 'usec', d1) AS usec
     FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL WHERE d1 BETWEEN '1902-01-01' AND '2038-01-01';
  
  SELECT '' AS "54", d1 as timestamptz,
     date_part( 'isoyear', d1) AS isoyear, date_part( 'week', d1) AS week,
     date_part( 'dow', d1) AS dow
     FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL WHERE d1 BETWEEN '1902-01-01' AND '2038-01-01';
  
  -- TO_CHAR()
  SELECT '' AS to_char_1, to_char(d1, 'DAY Day day DY Dy dy MONTH Month month RM MON Mon mon')
     FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL;
  
  SELECT '' AS to_char_2, to_char(d1, 'FMDAY FMDay FMday FMMONTH FMMonth FMmonth FMRM')
     FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL;
  
  SELECT '' AS to_char_3, to_char(d1, 'Y,YYY YYYY YYY YY Y CC Q MM WW DDD DD D J')
     FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL;
  
  SELECT '' AS to_char_4, to_char(d1, 'FMY,YYY FMYYYY FMYYY FMYY FMY FMCC FMQ FMMM FMWW FMDDD FMDD FMD FMJ')
     FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL;
  
  SELECT '' AS to_char_5, to_char(d1, 'HH HH12 HH24 MI SS SSSS')
     FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL;
  
  SELECT '' AS to_char_6, to_char(d1, E'"HH:MI:SS is" HH:MI:SS "\\"text between quote marks\\""')
     FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL;
  
  SELECT '' AS to_char_7, to_char(d1, 'HH24--text--MI--text--SS')
     FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL;
  
  SELECT '' AS to_char_8, to_char(d1, 'YYYYTH YYYYth Jth')
     FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL;
  
  SELECT '' AS to_char_9, to_char(d1, 'YYYY A.D. YYYY a.d. YYYY bc HH:MI:SS P.M. HH:MI:SS p.m. HH:MI:SS pm')
     FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL;
  
  SELECT '' AS to_char_10, to_char(d1, 'IYYY IYY IY I IW IDDD ID')
     FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL;
  
  SELECT '' AS to_char_11, to_char(d1, 'FMIYYY FMIYY FMIY FMI FMIW FMIDDD FMID')
     FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TBL;
  
  -- Check OF, TZH, TZM with various zone offsets, particularly fractional hours
  SET timezone = '00:00';
  SELECT to_char(now(), 'OF') as "OF", to_char(now(), 'TZH:TZM') as "TZH:TZM";
  SET timezone = '+02:00';
  SELECT to_char(now(), 'OF') as "OF", to_char(now(), 'TZH:TZM') as "TZH:TZM";
  SET timezone = '-13:00';
  SELECT to_char(now(), 'OF') as "OF", to_char(now(), 'TZH:TZM') as "TZH:TZM";
  SET timezone = '-00:30';
  SELECT to_char(now(), 'OF') as "OF", to_char(now(), 'TZH:TZM') as "TZH:TZM";
  SET timezone = '00:30';
  SELECT to_char(now(), 'OF') as "OF", to_char(now(), 'TZH:TZM') as "TZH:TZM";
  SET timezone = '-04:30';
  SELECT to_char(now(), 'OF') as "OF", to_char(now(), 'TZH:TZM') as "TZH:TZM";
  SET timezone = '04:30';
  SELECT to_char(now(), 'OF') as "OF", to_char(now(), 'TZH:TZM') as "TZH:TZM";
  SET timezone = '-04:15';
  SELECT to_char(now(), 'OF') as "OF", to_char(now(), 'TZH:TZM') as "TZH:TZM";
  SET timezone = '04:15';
  SELECT to_char(now(), 'OF') as "OF", to_char(now(), 'TZH:TZM') as "TZH:TZM";
  RESET timezone;
  
  CREATE TABLE TIMESTAMPTZ_TST (a int , b timestamptz);
  
  -- Test year field value with len > 4
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TST VALUES(1, 'Sat Mar 12 23:58:48 1000 IST');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TST VALUES(2, 'Sat Mar 12 23:58:48 10000 IST');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TST VALUES(3, 'Sat Mar 12 23:58:48 100000 IST');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TST VALUES(3, '10000 Mar 12 23:58:48 IST');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TST VALUES(4, '100000312 23:58:48 IST');
  INSERT INTO TIMESTAMPTZ_TST VALUES(4, '1000000312 23:58:48 IST');
  --Verify data
  SELECT * FROM TIMESTAMPTZ_TST ORDER BY a;
  --Cleanup
  DROP TABLE TIMESTAMPTZ_TST;
  
  -- test timestamptz constructors
  set TimeZone to 'America/New_York';
  
  -- numeric timezone
  SELECT make_timestamptz(1973, 07, 15, 08, 15, 55.33);
  SELECT make_timestamptz(1973, 07, 15, 08, 15, 55.33, '+2');
  SELECT make_timestamptz(1973, 07, 15, 08, 15, 55.33, '-2');
  WITH tzs (tz) AS (VALUES
      ('+1'), ('+1:'), ('+1:0'), ('+100'), ('+1:00'), ('+01:00'),
      ('+10'), ('+1000'), ('+10:'), ('+10:0'), ('+10:00'), ('+10:00:'),
      ('+10:00:1'), ('+10:00:01'),
      ('+10:00:10'))
       SELECT make_timestamptz(2010, 2, 27, 3, 45, 00, tz), tz FROM tzs;
  
  -- these should fail
  SELECT make_timestamptz(1973, 07, 15, 08, 15, 55.33, '2');
  SELECT make_timestamptz(2014, 12, 10, 10, 10, 10, '+16');
  SELECT make_timestamptz(2014, 12, 10, 10, 10, 10, '-16');
  
  -- should be true
  SELECT make_timestamptz(1973, 07, 15, 08, 15, 55.33, '+2') = '1973-07-15 08:15:55.33+02'::timestamptz;
  
  -- full timezone names
  SELECT make_timestamptz(2014, 12, 10, 0, 0, 0, 'Europe/Prague') = timestamptz '2014-12-10 00:00:00 Europe/Prague';
  SELECT make_timestamptz(2014, 12, 10, 0, 0, 0, 'Europe/Prague') AT TIME ZONE 'UTC';
  SELECT make_timestamptz(1846, 12, 10, 0, 0, 0, 'Asia/Manila') AT TIME ZONE 'UTC';
  SELECT make_timestamptz(1881, 12, 10, 0, 0, 0, 'Europe/Paris') AT TIME ZONE 'UTC';
  SELECT make_timestamptz(1910, 12, 24, 0, 0, 0, 'Nehwon/Lankhmar');
  
  -- abbreviations
  SELECT make_timestamptz(2008, 12, 10, 10, 10, 10, 'EST');
  SELECT make_timestamptz(2008, 12, 10, 10, 10, 10, 'EDT');
  SELECT make_timestamptz(2014, 12, 10, 10, 10, 10, 'PST8PDT');
  
  RESET TimeZone;
  
  --
  -- Test behavior with a dynamic (time-varying) timezone abbreviation.
  -- These tests rely on the knowledge that MSK (Europe/Moscow standard time)
  -- moved forwards in Mar 2011 and backwards again in Oct 2014.
  --
  
  SET TimeZone to 'UTC';
  
  SELECT '2011-03-27 00:00:00 Europe/Moscow'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2011-03-27 01:00:00 Europe/Moscow'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2011-03-27 01:59:59 Europe/Moscow'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2011-03-27 02:00:00 Europe/Moscow'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2011-03-27 02:00:01 Europe/Moscow'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2011-03-27 02:59:59 Europe/Moscow'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2011-03-27 03:00:00 Europe/Moscow'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2011-03-27 03:00:01 Europe/Moscow'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2011-03-27 04:00:00 Europe/Moscow'::timestamptz;
  
  SELECT '2011-03-27 00:00:00 MSK'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2011-03-27 01:00:00 MSK'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2011-03-27 01:59:59 MSK'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2011-03-27 02:00:00 MSK'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2011-03-27 02:00:01 MSK'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2011-03-27 02:59:59 MSK'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2011-03-27 03:00:00 MSK'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2011-03-27 03:00:01 MSK'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2011-03-27 04:00:00 MSK'::timestamptz;
  
  SELECT '2014-10-26 00:00:00 Europe/Moscow'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2014-10-26 00:59:59 Europe/Moscow'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2014-10-26 01:00:00 Europe/Moscow'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2014-10-26 01:00:01 Europe/Moscow'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2014-10-26 02:00:00 Europe/Moscow'::timestamptz;
  
  SELECT '2014-10-26 00:00:00 MSK'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2014-10-26 00:59:59 MSK'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2014-10-26 01:00:00 MSK'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2014-10-26 01:00:01 MSK'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2014-10-26 02:00:00 MSK'::timestamptz;
  
  SELECT '2011-03-27 00:00:00'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  SELECT '2011-03-27 01:00:00'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  SELECT '2011-03-27 01:59:59'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  SELECT '2011-03-27 02:00:00'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  SELECT '2011-03-27 02:00:01'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  SELECT '2011-03-27 02:59:59'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  SELECT '2011-03-27 03:00:00'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  SELECT '2011-03-27 03:00:01'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  SELECT '2011-03-27 04:00:00'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  
  SELECT '2011-03-27 00:00:00'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  SELECT '2011-03-27 01:00:00'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  SELECT '2011-03-27 01:59:59'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  SELECT '2011-03-27 02:00:00'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  SELECT '2011-03-27 02:00:01'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  SELECT '2011-03-27 02:59:59'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  SELECT '2011-03-27 03:00:00'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  SELECT '2011-03-27 03:00:01'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  SELECT '2011-03-27 04:00:00'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  
  SELECT '2014-10-26 00:00:00'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  SELECT '2014-10-26 00:59:59'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  SELECT '2014-10-26 01:00:00'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  SELECT '2014-10-26 01:00:01'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  SELECT '2014-10-26 02:00:00'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  
  SELECT '2014-10-26 00:00:00'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  SELECT '2014-10-26 00:59:59'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  SELECT '2014-10-26 01:00:00'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  SELECT '2014-10-26 01:00:01'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  SELECT '2014-10-26 02:00:00'::timestamp AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  
  SELECT make_timestamptz(2014, 10, 26, 0, 0, 0, 'MSK');
  SELECT make_timestamptz(2014, 10, 26, 1, 0, 0, 'MSK');
  
  SELECT to_timestamp(         0);          -- 1970-01-01 00:00:00+00
  SELECT to_timestamp( 946684800);          -- 2000-01-01 00:00:00+00
  SELECT to_timestamp(1262349296.7890123);  -- 2010-01-01 12:34:56.789012+00
  -- edge cases
  SELECT to_timestamp(-210866803200);       --   4714-11-24 00:00:00+00 BC
  -- upper limit varies between integer and float timestamps, so hard to test
  -- nonfinite values
  SELECT to_timestamp(' Infinity'::float);
  SELECT to_timestamp('-Infinity'::float);
  SELECT to_timestamp('NaN'::float);
  
  
  SET TimeZone to 'Europe/Moscow';
  
  SELECT '2011-03-26 21:00:00 UTC'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2011-03-26 22:00:00 UTC'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2011-03-26 22:59:59 UTC'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2011-03-26 23:00:00 UTC'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2011-03-26 23:00:01 UTC'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2011-03-26 23:59:59 UTC'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2011-03-27 00:00:00 UTC'::timestamptz;
  
  SELECT '2014-10-25 21:00:00 UTC'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2014-10-25 21:59:59 UTC'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2014-10-25 22:00:00 UTC'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2014-10-25 22:00:01 UTC'::timestamptz;
  SELECT '2014-10-25 23:00:00 UTC'::timestamptz;
  
  RESET TimeZone;
  
  SELECT '2011-03-26 21:00:00 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  SELECT '2011-03-26 22:00:00 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  SELECT '2011-03-26 22:59:59 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  SELECT '2011-03-26 23:00:00 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  SELECT '2011-03-26 23:00:01 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  SELECT '2011-03-26 23:59:59 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  SELECT '2011-03-27 00:00:00 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  
  SELECT '2014-10-25 21:00:00 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  SELECT '2014-10-25 21:59:59 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  SELECT '2014-10-25 22:00:00 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  SELECT '2014-10-25 22:00:01 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  SELECT '2014-10-25 23:00:00 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'Europe/Moscow';
  
  SELECT '2011-03-26 21:00:00 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  SELECT '2011-03-26 22:00:00 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  SELECT '2011-03-26 22:59:59 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  SELECT '2011-03-26 23:00:00 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  SELECT '2011-03-26 23:00:01 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  SELECT '2011-03-26 23:59:59 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  SELECT '2011-03-27 00:00:00 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  
  SELECT '2014-10-25 21:00:00 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  SELECT '2014-10-25 21:59:59 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  SELECT '2014-10-25 22:00:00 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  SELECT '2014-10-25 22:00:01 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  SELECT '2014-10-25 23:00:00 UTC'::timestamptz AT TIME ZONE 'MSK';
  
  --
  -- Test that AT TIME ZONE isn't misoptimized when using an index (bug #14504)
  --
  create temp table tmptz (f1 timestamptz primary key);
  insert into tmptz values ('2017-01-18 00:00+00');
  explain (costs off)
  select * from tmptz where f1 at time zone 'utc' = '2017-01-18 00:00';
  select * from tmptz where f1 at time zone 'utc' = '2017-01-18 00:00';
  