text: // Copyright (c) 2014-2020, The Monero Project
  //
  // All rights reserved.
  //
  // Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are
  // permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
  //
  // 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of
  //    conditions and the following disclaimer.
  //
  // 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list
  //    of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other
  //    materials provided with the distribution.
  //
  // 3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors may be
  //    used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific
  //    prior written permission.
  //
  // THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY
  // EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
  // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL
  // THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
  // SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
  // PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
  // INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
  // STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF
  // THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  
  #include <boost/range/adaptor/transformed.hpp>
  #include <boost/algorithm/string.hpp>
  #include "common/command_line.h"
  #include "common/varint.h"
  #include "cryptonote_core/tx_pool.h"
  #include "cryptonote_core/cryptonote_core.h"
  #include "cryptonote_core/blockchain.h"
  #include "blockchain_db/blockchain_db.h"
  #include "version.h"
  
  #undef MONERO_DEFAULT_LOG_CATEGORY
  #define MONERO_DEFAULT_LOG_CATEGORY "bcutil"
  
  namespace po = boost::program_options;
  using namespace epee;
  using namespace cryptonote;
  
  int main(int argc, char* argv[])
  {
    TRY_ENTRY();
  
    epee::string_tools::set_module_name_and_folder(argv[0]);
  
    uint32_t log_level = 0;
  
    tools::on_startup();
  
    boost::filesystem::path output_file_path;
  
    po::options_description desc_cmd_only("Command line options");
    po::options_description desc_cmd_sett("Command line options and settings options");
    const command_line::arg_descriptor<std::string> arg_log_level  = {"log-level",  "0-4 or categories", ""};
    const command_line::arg_descriptor<std::string> arg_txid  = {"txid", "Get min depth for this txid", ""};
    const command_line::arg_descriptor<uint64_t> arg_height  = {"height", "Get min depth for all txes at this height", 0};
    const command_line::arg_descriptor<bool> arg_include_coinbase  = {"include-coinbase", "Include coinbase in the average", false};
  
    command_line::add_arg(desc_cmd_sett, cryptonote::arg_data_dir);
    command_line::add_arg(desc_cmd_sett, cryptonote::arg_testnet_on);
    command_line::add_arg(desc_cmd_sett, cryptonote::arg_stagenet_on);
    command_line::add_arg(desc_cmd_sett, arg_log_level);
    command_line::add_arg(desc_cmd_sett, arg_txid);
    command_line::add_arg(desc_cmd_sett, arg_height);
    command_line::add_arg(desc_cmd_sett, arg_include_coinbase);
    command_line::add_arg(desc_cmd_only, command_line::arg_help);
  
    po::options_description desc_options("Allowed options");
    desc_options.add(desc_cmd_only).add(desc_cmd_sett);
  
    po::variables_map vm;
    bool r = command_line::handle_error_helper(desc_options, [&]()
    {
      auto parser = po::command_line_parser(argc, argv).options(desc_options);
      po::store(parser.run(), vm);
      po::notify(vm);
      return true;
    });
    if (! r)
      return 1;
  
    if (command_line::get_arg(vm, command_line::arg_help))
    {
      std::cout << "PhiBlock '" << MONERO_RELEASE_NAME << "' (v" << MONERO_VERSION_FULL << ")" << ENDL << ENDL;
      std::cout << desc_options << std::endl;
      return 1;
    }
  
    mlog_configure(mlog_get_default_log_path("phiblock-blockchain-depth.log"), true);
    if (!command_line::is_arg_defaulted(vm, arg_log_level))
      mlog_set_log(command_line::get_arg(vm, arg_log_level).c_str());
    else
      mlog_set_log(std::string(std::to_string(log_level) + ",bcutil:INFO").c_str());
  
    LOG_PRINT_L0("Starting...");
  
    std::string opt_data_dir = command_line::get_arg(vm, cryptonote::arg_data_dir);
    bool opt_testnet = command_line::get_arg(vm, cryptonote::arg_testnet_on);
    bool opt_stagenet = command_line::get_arg(vm, cryptonote::arg_stagenet_on);
    network_type net_type = opt_testnet ? TESTNET : opt_stagenet ? STAGENET : MAINNET;
    std::string opt_txid_string = command_line::get_arg(vm, arg_txid);
    uint64_t opt_height = command_line::get_arg(vm, arg_height);
    bool opt_include_coinbase = command_line::get_arg(vm, arg_include_coinbase);
  
    if (!opt_txid_string.empty() && opt_height)
    {
      std::cerr << "txid and height cannot be given at the same time" << std::endl;
      return 1;
    }
    crypto::hash opt_txid = crypto::null_hash;
    if (!opt_txid_string.empty())
    {
      if (!epee::string_tools::hex_to_pod(opt_txid_string, opt_txid))
      {
        std::cerr << "Invalid txid" << std::endl;
        return 1;
      }
    }
  
    // If we wanted to use the memory pool, we would set up a fake_core.
  
    // Use Blockchain instead of lower-level BlockchainDB for two reasons:
    // 1. Blockchain has the init() method for easy setup
    // 2. exporter needs to use get_current_blockchain_height(), get_block_id_by_height(), get_block_by_hash()
    //
    // cannot match blockchain_storage setup above with just one line,
    // e.g.
    //   Blockchain* core_storage = new Blockchain(NULL);
    // because unlike blockchain_storage constructor, which takes a pointer to
    // tx_memory_pool, Blockchain's constructor takes tx_memory_pool object.
    LOG_PRINT_L0("Initializing source blockchain (BlockchainDB)");
    std::unique_ptr<Blockchain> core_storage;
    tx_memory_pool m_mempool(*core_storage);
    core_storage.reset(new Blockchain(m_mempool));
    BlockchainDB *db = new_db();
    if (db == NULL)
    {
      LOG_ERROR("Failed to initialize a database");
      throw std::runtime_error("Failed to initialize a database");
    }
    LOG_PRINT_L0("database: LMDB");
  
    const std::string filename = (boost::filesystem::path(opt_data_dir) / db->get_db_name()).string();
    LOG_PRINT_L0("Loading blockchain from folder " << filename << " ...");
  
    try
    {
      db->open(filename, DBF_RDONLY);
    }
    catch (const std::exception& e)
    {
      LOG_PRINT_L0("Error opening database: " << e.what());
      return 1;
    }
    r = core_storage->init(db, net_type);
  
    CHECK_AND_ASSERT_MES(r, 1, "Failed to initialize source blockchain storage");
    LOG_PRINT_L0("Source blockchain storage initialized OK");
  
    std::vector<crypto::hash> start_txids;
    if (!opt_txid_string.empty())
    {
      start_txids.push_back(opt_txid);
    }
    else
    {
      const cryptonote::blobdata bd = db->get_block_blob_from_height(opt_height);
      cryptonote::block b;
      if (!cryptonote::parse_and_validate_block_from_blob(bd, b))
      {
        LOG_PRINT_L0("Bad block from db");
        return 1;
      }
      for (const crypto::hash &txid: b.tx_hashes)
        start_txids.push_back(txid);
      if (opt_include_coinbase)
        start_txids.push_back(cryptonote::get_transaction_hash(b.miner_tx));
    }
  
    if (start_txids.empty())
    {
      LOG_PRINT_L0("No transaction(s) to check");
      return 1;
    }
  
    std::vector<uint64_t> depths;
    for (const crypto::hash &start_txid: start_txids)
    {
      uint64_t depth = 0;
      bool coinbase = false;
  
      LOG_PRINT_L0("Checking depth for txid " << start_txid);
      std::vector<crypto::hash> txids(1, start_txid);
      while (!coinbase)
      {
        LOG_PRINT_L0("Considering "<< txids.size() << " transaction(s) at depth " << depth);
        std::vector<crypto::hash> new_txids;
        for (const crypto::hash &txid: txids)
        {
          cryptonote::blobdata bd;
          if (!db->get_pruned_tx_blob(txid, bd))
          {
            LOG_PRINT_L0("Failed to get txid " << txid << " from db");
            return 1;
          }
          cryptonote::transaction tx;
          if (!cryptonote::parse_and_validate_tx_base_from_blob(bd, tx))
          {
            LOG_PRINT_L0("Bad tx: " << txid);
            return 1;
          }
          for (size_t ring = 0; ring < tx.vin.size(); ++ring)
          {
            if (tx.vin[ring].type() == typeid(cryptonote::txin_gen))
            {
              MDEBUG(txid << " is a coinbase transaction");
              coinbase = true;
              goto done;
            }
            if (tx.vin[ring].type() == typeid(cryptonote::txin_to_key))
            {
              const cryptonote::txin_to_key &txin = boost::get<cryptonote::txin_to_key>(tx.vin[ring]);
              const uint64_t amount = txin.amount;
              auto absolute_offsets = cryptonote::relative_output_offsets_to_absolute(txin.key_offsets);
              for (uint64_t offset: absolute_offsets)
              {
                const output_data_t od = db->get_output_key(amount, offset);
                const crypto::hash block_hash = db->get_block_hash_from_height(od.height);
                bd = db->get_block_blob(block_hash);
                cryptonote::block b;
                if (!cryptonote::parse_and_validate_block_from_blob(bd, b))
                {
                  LOG_PRINT_L0("Bad block from db");
                  return 1;
                }
                // find the tx which created this output
                bool found = false;
                for (size_t out = 0; out < b.miner_tx.vout.size(); ++out)
                {
                  if (b.miner_tx.vout[out].target.type() == typeid(cryptonote::txout_to_key))
                  {
                    const auto &txout = boost::get<cryptonote::txout_to_key>(b.miner_tx.vout[out].target);
                    if (txout.key == od.pubkey)
                    {
                      found = true;
                      new_txids.push_back(cryptonote::get_transaction_hash(b.miner_tx));
                      MDEBUG("adding txid: " << cryptonote::get_transaction_hash(b.miner_tx));
                      break;
                    }
                  }
                  else
                  {
                    LOG_PRINT_L0("Bad vout type in txid " << cryptonote::get_transaction_hash(b.miner_tx));
                    return 1;
                  }
                }
                for (const crypto::hash &block_txid: b.tx_hashes)
                {
                  if (found)
                    break;
                  if (!db->get_pruned_tx_blob(block_txid, bd))
                  {
                    LOG_PRINT_L0("Failed to get txid " << block_txid << " from db");
                    return 1;
                  }
                  cryptonote::transaction tx2;
                  if (!cryptonote::parse_and_validate_tx_base_from_blob(bd, tx2))
                  {
                    LOG_PRINT_L0("Bad tx: " << block_txid);
                    return 1;
                  }
                  for (size_t out = 0; out < tx2.vout.size(); ++out)
                  {
                    if (tx2.vout[out].target.type() == typeid(cryptonote::txout_to_key))
                    {
                      const auto &txout = boost::get<cryptonote::txout_to_key>(tx2.vout[out].target);
                      if (txout.key == od.pubkey)
                      {
                        found = true;
                        new_txids.push_back(block_txid);
                        MDEBUG("adding txid: " << block_txid);
                        break;
                      }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                      LOG_PRINT_L0("Bad vout type in txid " << block_txid);
                      return 1;
                    }
                  }
                }
                if (!found)
                {
                  LOG_PRINT_L0("Output originating transaction not found");
                  return 1;
                }
              }
            }
            else
            {
              LOG_PRINT_L0("Bad vin type in txid " << txid);
              return 1;
            }
          }
        }
        if (!coinbase)
        {
          std::swap(txids, new_txids);
          ++depth;
        }
      }
  done:
      LOG_PRINT_L0("Min depth for txid " << start_txid << ": " << depth);
      depths.push_back(depth);
    }
  
    uint64_t cumulative_depth = 0;
    for (uint64_t depth: depths)
      cumulative_depth += depth;
    LOG_PRINT_L0("Average min depth for " << start_txids.size() << " transaction(s): " << cumulative_depth/(float)depths.size());
    LOG_PRINT_L0("Median min depth for " << start_txids.size() << " transaction(s): " << epee::misc_utils::median(depths));
  
    core_storage->deinit();
    return 0;
  
    CATCH_ENTRY("Depth query error", 1);
  }
  