text: /*
   * Commandline option parsing functions
   *
   * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
   * Copyright (c) 2009 Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
   *
   * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
   * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
   * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
   * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
   * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
   * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
   *
   * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
   * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
   *
   * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
   * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
   * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
   * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
   * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
   * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
   * THE SOFTWARE.
   */
  
  #include <stdio.h>
  #include <string.h>
  
  #include "qemu-common.h"
  #include "qemu-error.h"
  #include "qemu-objects.h"
  #include "qemu-option.h"
  #include "qerror.h"
  
  /*
   * Extracts the name of an option from the parameter string (p points at the
   * first byte of the option name)
   *
   * The option name is delimited by delim (usually , or =) or the string end
   * and is copied into buf. If the option name is longer than buf_size, it is
   * truncated. buf is always zero terminated.
   *
   * The return value is the position of the delimiter/zero byte after the option
   * name in p.
   */
  const char *get_opt_name(char *buf, int buf_size, const char *p, char delim)
  {
      char *q;
  
      q = buf;
      while (*p != '\0' && *p != delim) {
          if (q && (q - buf) < buf_size - 1)
              *q++ = *p;
          p++;
      }
      if (q)
          *q = '\0';
  
      return p;
  }
  
  /*
   * Extracts the value of an option from the parameter string p (p points at the
   * first byte of the option value)
   *
   * This function is comparable to get_opt_name with the difference that the
   * delimiter is fixed to be comma which starts a new option. To specify an
   * option value that contains commas, double each comma.
   */
  const char *get_opt_value(char *buf, int buf_size, const char *p)
  {
      char *q;
  
      q = buf;
      while (*p != '\0') {
          if (*p == ',') {
              if (*(p + 1) != ',')
                  break;
              p++;
          }
          if (q && (q - buf) < buf_size - 1)
              *q++ = *p;
          p++;
      }
      if (q)
          *q = '\0';
  
      return p;
  }
  
  int get_next_param_value(char *buf, int buf_size,
                           const char *tag, const char **pstr)
  {
      const char *p;
      char option[128];
  
      p = *pstr;
      for(;;) {
          p = get_opt_name(option, sizeof(option), p, '=');
          if (*p != '=')
              break;
          p++;
          if (!strcmp(tag, option)) {
              *pstr = get_opt_value(buf, buf_size, p);
              if (**pstr == ',') {
                  (*pstr)++;
              }
              return strlen(buf);
          } else {
              p = get_opt_value(NULL, 0, p);
          }
          if (*p != ',')
              break;
          p++;
      }
      return 0;
  }
  
  int get_param_value(char *buf, int buf_size,
                      const char *tag, const char *str)
  {
      return get_next_param_value(buf, buf_size, tag, &str);
  }
  
  int check_params(char *buf, int buf_size,
                   const char * const *params, const char *str)
  {
      const char *p;
      int i;
  
      p = str;
      while (*p != '\0') {
          p = get_opt_name(buf, buf_size, p, '=');
          if (*p != '=') {
              return -1;
          }
          p++;
          for (i = 0; params[i] != NULL; i++) {
              if (!strcmp(params[i], buf)) {
                  break;
              }
          }
          if (params[i] == NULL) {
              return -1;
          }
          p = get_opt_value(NULL, 0, p);
          if (*p != ',') {
              break;
          }
          p++;
      }
      return 0;
  }
  
  /*
   * Searches an option list for an option with the given name
   */
  QEMUOptionParameter *get_option_parameter(QEMUOptionParameter *list,
      const char *name)
  {
      while (list && list->name) {
          if (!strcmp(list->name, name)) {
              return list;
          }
          list++;
      }
  
      return NULL;
  }
  
  static int parse_option_bool(const char *name, const char *value, bool *ret)
  {
      if (value != NULL) {
          if (!strcmp(value, "on")) {
              *ret = 1;
          } else if (!strcmp(value, "off")) {
              *ret = 0;
          } else {
              qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, name, "'on' or 'off'");
              return -1;
          }
      } else {
          *ret = 1;
      }
      return 0;
  }
  
  static int parse_option_number(const char *name, const char *value, uint64_t *ret)
  {
      char *postfix;
      uint64_t number;
  
      if (value != NULL) {
          number = strtoull(value, &postfix, 0);
          if (*postfix != '\0') {
              qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, name, "a number");
              return -1;
          }
          *ret = number;
      } else {
          qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, name, "a number");
          return -1;
      }
      return 0;
  }
  
  static int parse_option_size(const char *name, const char *value, uint64_t *ret)
  {
      char *postfix;
      double sizef;
  
      if (value != NULL) {
          sizef = strtod(value, &postfix);
          switch (*postfix) {
          case 'T':
              sizef *= 1024;
              /* fall through */
          case 'G':
              sizef *= 1024;
              /* fall through */
          case 'M':
              sizef *= 1024;
              /* fall through */
          case 'K':
          case 'k':
              sizef *= 1024;
              /* fall through */
          case 'b':
          case '\0':
              *ret = (uint64_t) sizef;
              break;
          default:
              qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, name, "a size");
              error_printf_unless_qmp("You may use k, M, G or T suffixes for "
                      "kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes and terabytes.\n");
              return -1;
          }
      } else {
          qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, name, "a size");
          return -1;
      }
      return 0;
  }
  
  /*
   * Sets the value of a parameter in a given option list. The parsing of the
   * value depends on the type of option:
   *
   * OPT_FLAG (uses value.n):
   *      If no value is given, the flag is set to 1.
   *      Otherwise the value must be "on" (set to 1) or "off" (set to 0)
   *
   * OPT_STRING (uses value.s):
   *      value is strdup()ed and assigned as option value
   *
   * OPT_SIZE (uses value.n):
   *      The value is converted to an integer. Suffixes for kilobytes etc. are
   *      allowed (powers of 1024).
   *
   * Returns 0 on succes, -1 in error cases
   */
  int set_option_parameter(QEMUOptionParameter *list, const char *name,
      const char *value)
  {
      bool flag;
  
      // Find a matching parameter
      list = get_option_parameter(list, name);
      if (list == NULL) {
          fprintf(stderr, "Unknown option '%s'\n", name);
          return -1;
      }
  
      // Process parameter
      switch (list->type) {
      case OPT_FLAG:
          if (parse_option_bool(name, value, &flag) == -1)
              return -1;
          list->value.n = flag;
          break;
  
      case OPT_STRING:
          if (value != NULL) {
              list->value.s = g_strdup(value);
          } else {
              fprintf(stderr, "Option '%s' needs a parameter\n", name);
              return -1;
          }
          break;
  
      case OPT_SIZE:
          if (parse_option_size(name, value, &list->value.n) == -1)
              return -1;
          break;
  
      default:
          fprintf(stderr, "Bug: Option '%s' has an unknown type\n", name);
          return -1;
      }
  
      return 0;
  }
  
  /*
   * Sets the given parameter to an integer instead of a string.
   * This function cannot be used to set string options.
   *
   * Returns 0 on success, -1 in error cases
   */
  int set_option_parameter_int(QEMUOptionParameter *list, const char *name,
      uint64_t value)
  {
      // Find a matching parameter
      list = get_option_parameter(list, name);
      if (list == NULL) {
          fprintf(stderr, "Unknown option '%s'\n", name);
          return -1;
      }
  
      // Process parameter
      switch (list->type) {
      case OPT_FLAG:
      case OPT_NUMBER:
      case OPT_SIZE:
          list->value.n = value;
          break;
  
      default:
          return -1;
      }
  
      return 0;
  }
  
  /*
   * Frees a option list. If it contains strings, the strings are freed as well.
   */
  void free_option_parameters(QEMUOptionParameter *list)
  {
      QEMUOptionParameter *cur = list;
  
      while (cur && cur->name) {
          if (cur->type == OPT_STRING) {
              g_free(cur->value.s);
          }
          cur++;
      }
  
      g_free(list);
  }
  
  /*
   * Count valid options in list
   */
  static size_t count_option_parameters(QEMUOptionParameter *list)
  {
      size_t num_options = 0;
  
      while (list && list->name) {
          num_options++;
          list++;
      }
  
      return num_options;
  }
  
  /*
   * Append an option list (list) to an option list (dest).
   *
   * If dest is NULL, a new copy of list is created.
   *
   * Returns a pointer to the first element of dest (or the newly allocated copy)
   */
  QEMUOptionParameter *append_option_parameters(QEMUOptionParameter *dest,
      QEMUOptionParameter *list)
  {
      size_t num_options, num_dest_options;
  
      num_options = count_option_parameters(dest);
      num_dest_options = num_options;
  
      num_options += count_option_parameters(list);
  
      dest = g_realloc(dest, (num_options + 1) * sizeof(QEMUOptionParameter));
      dest[num_dest_options].name = NULL;
  
      while (list && list->name) {
          if (get_option_parameter(dest, list->name) == NULL) {
              dest[num_dest_options++] = *list;
              dest[num_dest_options].name = NULL;
          }
          list++;
      }
  
      return dest;
  }
  
  /*
   * Parses a parameter string (param) into an option list (dest).
   *
   * list is the template option list. If dest is NULL, a new copy of list is
   * created. If list is NULL, this function fails.
   *
   * A parameter string consists of one or more parameters, separated by commas.
   * Each parameter consists of its name and possibly of a value. In the latter
   * case, the value is delimited by an = character. To specify a value which
   * contains commas, double each comma so it won't be recognized as the end of
   * the parameter.
   *
   * For more details of the parsing see above.
   *
   * Returns a pointer to the first element of dest (or the newly allocated copy)
   * or NULL in error cases
   */
  QEMUOptionParameter *parse_option_parameters(const char *param,
      QEMUOptionParameter *list, QEMUOptionParameter *dest)
  {
      QEMUOptionParameter *allocated = NULL;
      char name[256];
      char value[256];
      char *param_delim, *value_delim;
      char next_delim;
  
      if (list == NULL) {
          return NULL;
      }
  
      if (dest == NULL) {
          dest = allocated = append_option_parameters(NULL, list);
      }
  
      while (*param) {
  
          // Find parameter name and value in the string
          param_delim = strchr(param, ',');
          value_delim = strchr(param, '=');
  
          if (value_delim && (value_delim < param_delim || !param_delim)) {
              next_delim = '=';
          } else {
              next_delim = ',';
              value_delim = NULL;
          }
  
          param = get_opt_name(name, sizeof(name), param, next_delim);
          if (value_delim) {
              param = get_opt_value(value, sizeof(value), param + 1);
          }
          if (*param != '\0') {
              param++;
          }
  
          // Set the parameter
          if (set_option_parameter(dest, name, value_delim ? value : NULL)) {
              goto fail;
          }
      }
  
      return dest;
  
  fail:
      // Only free the list if it was newly allocated
      free_option_parameters(allocated);
      return NULL;
  }
  
  /*
   * Prints all options of a list that have a value to stdout
   */
  void print_option_parameters(QEMUOptionParameter *list)
  {
      while (list && list->name) {
          switch (list->type) {
              case OPT_STRING:
                   if (list->value.s != NULL) {
                       printf("%s='%s' ", list->name, list->value.s);
                   }
                  break;
              case OPT_FLAG:
                  printf("%s=%s ", list->name, list->value.n ? "on" : "off");
                  break;
              case OPT_SIZE:
              case OPT_NUMBER:
                  printf("%s=%" PRId64 " ", list->name, list->value.n);
                  break;
              default:
                  printf("%s=(unknown type) ", list->name);
                  break;
          }
          list++;
      }
  }
  
  /*
   * Prints an overview of all available options
   */
  void print_option_help(QEMUOptionParameter *list)
  {
      printf("Supported options:\n");
      while (list && list->name) {
          printf("%-16s %s\n", list->name,
              list->help ? list->help : "No description available");
          list++;
      }
  }
  
  /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
  
  struct QemuOpt {
      const char   *name;
      const char   *str;
  
      const QemuOptDesc *desc;
      union {
          bool boolean;
          uint64_t uint;
      } value;
  
      QemuOpts     *opts;
      QTAILQ_ENTRY(QemuOpt) next;
  };
  
  struct QemuOpts {
      char *id;
      QemuOptsList *list;
      Location loc;
      QTAILQ_HEAD(QemuOptHead, QemuOpt) head;
      QTAILQ_ENTRY(QemuOpts) next;
  };
  
  static QemuOpt *qemu_opt_find(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name)
  {
      QemuOpt *opt;
  
      QTAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(opt, &opts->head, QemuOptHead, next) {
          if (strcmp(opt->name, name) != 0)
              continue;
          return opt;
      }
      return NULL;
  }
  
  const char *qemu_opt_get(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name)
  {
      QemuOpt *opt = qemu_opt_find(opts, name);
      return opt ? opt->str : NULL;
  }
  
  bool qemu_opt_get_bool(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, bool defval)
  {
      QemuOpt *opt = qemu_opt_find(opts, name);
  
      if (opt == NULL)
          return defval;
      assert(opt->desc && opt->desc->type == QEMU_OPT_BOOL);
      return opt->value.boolean;
  }
  
  uint64_t qemu_opt_get_number(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, uint64_t defval)
  {
      QemuOpt *opt = qemu_opt_find(opts, name);
  
      if (opt == NULL)
          return defval;
      assert(opt->desc && opt->desc->type == QEMU_OPT_NUMBER);
      return opt->value.uint;
  }
  
  uint64_t qemu_opt_get_size(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, uint64_t defval)
  {
      QemuOpt *opt = qemu_opt_find(opts, name);
  
      if (opt == NULL)
          return defval;
      assert(opt->desc && opt->desc->type == QEMU_OPT_SIZE);
      return opt->value.uint;
  }
  
  static int qemu_opt_parse(QemuOpt *opt)
  {
      if (opt->desc == NULL)
          return 0;
      switch (opt->desc->type) {
      case QEMU_OPT_STRING:
          /* nothing */
          return 0;
      case QEMU_OPT_BOOL:
          return parse_option_bool(opt->name, opt->str, &opt->value.boolean);
      case QEMU_OPT_NUMBER:
          return parse_option_number(opt->name, opt->str, &opt->value.uint);
      case QEMU_OPT_SIZE:
          return parse_option_size(opt->name, opt->str, &opt->value.uint);
      default:
          abort();
      }
  }
  
  static void qemu_opt_del(QemuOpt *opt)
  {
      QTAILQ_REMOVE(&opt->opts->head, opt, next);
      g_free((/* !const */ char*)opt->name);
      g_free((/* !const */ char*)opt->str);
      g_free(opt);
  }
  
  static int opt_set(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, const char *value,
                     bool prepend)
  {
      QemuOpt *opt;
      const QemuOptDesc *desc = opts->list->desc;
      int i;
  
      for (i = 0; desc[i].name != NULL; i++) {
          if (strcmp(desc[i].name, name) == 0) {
              break;
          }
      }
      if (desc[i].name == NULL) {
          if (i == 0) {
              /* empty list -> allow any */;
          } else {
              qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER, name);
              return -1;
          }
      }
  
      opt = g_malloc0(sizeof(*opt));
      opt->name = g_strdup(name);
      opt->opts = opts;
      if (prepend) {
          QTAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&opts->head, opt, next);
      } else {
          QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&opts->head, opt, next);
      }
      if (desc[i].name != NULL) {
          opt->desc = desc+i;
      }
      if (value) {
          opt->str = g_strdup(value);
      }
      if (qemu_opt_parse(opt) < 0) {
          qemu_opt_del(opt);
          return -1;
      }
      return 0;
  }
  
  int qemu_opt_set(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, const char *value)
  {
      return opt_set(opts, name, value, false);
  }
  
  int qemu_opt_set_bool(QemuOpts *opts, const char *name, bool val)
  {
      QemuOpt *opt;
      const QemuOptDesc *desc = opts->list->desc;
      int i;
  
      for (i = 0; desc[i].name != NULL; i++) {
          if (strcmp(desc[i].name, name) == 0) {
              break;
          }
      }
      if (desc[i].name == NULL) {
          if (i == 0) {
              /* empty list -> allow any */;
          } else {
              qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER, name);
              return -1;
          }
      }
  
      opt = g_malloc0(sizeof(*opt));
      opt->name = g_strdup(name);
      opt->opts = opts;
      QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&opts->head, opt, next);
      if (desc[i].name != NULL) {
          opt->desc = desc+i;
      }
      opt->value.boolean = !!val;
      return 0;
  }
  
  int qemu_opt_foreach(QemuOpts *opts, qemu_opt_loopfunc func, void *opaque,
                       int abort_on_failure)
  {
      QemuOpt *opt;
      int rc = 0;
  
      QTAILQ_FOREACH(opt, &opts->head, next) {
          rc = func(opt->name, opt->str, opaque);
          if (abort_on_failure  &&  rc != 0)
              break;
      }
      return rc;
  }
  
  QemuOpts *qemu_opts_find(QemuOptsList *list, const char *id)
  {
      QemuOpts *opts;
  
      QTAILQ_FOREACH(opts, &list->head, next) {
          if (!opts->id) {
              if (!id) {
                  return opts;
              }
              continue;
          }
          if (strcmp(opts->id, id) != 0) {
              continue;
          }
          return opts;
      }
      return NULL;
  }
  
  static int id_wellformed(const char *id)
  {
      int i;
  
      if (!qemu_isalpha(id[0])) {
          return 0;
      }
      for (i = 1; id[i]; i++) {
          if (!qemu_isalnum(id[i]) && !strchr("-._", id[i])) {
              return 0;
          }
      }
      return 1;
  }
  
  QemuOpts *qemu_opts_create(QemuOptsList *list, const char *id, int fail_if_exists)
  {
      QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
  
      if (id) {
          if (!id_wellformed(id)) {
              qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "id", "an identifier");
              error_printf_unless_qmp("Identifiers consist of letters, digits, '-', '.', '_', starting with a letter.\n");
              return NULL;
          }
          opts = qemu_opts_find(list, id);
          if (opts != NULL) {
              if (fail_if_exists && !list->merge_lists) {
                  qerror_report(QERR_DUPLICATE_ID, id, list->name);
                  return NULL;
              } else {
                  return opts;
              }
          }
      } else if (list->merge_lists) {
          opts = qemu_opts_find(list, NULL);
          if (opts) {
              return opts;
          }
      }
      opts = g_malloc0(sizeof(*opts));
      if (id) {
          opts->id = g_strdup(id);
      }
      opts->list = list;
      loc_save(&opts->loc);
      QTAILQ_INIT(&opts->head);
      QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&list->head, opts, next);
      return opts;
  }
  
  void qemu_opts_reset(QemuOptsList *list)
  {
      QemuOpts *opts, *next_opts;
  
      QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(opts, &list->head, next, next_opts) {
          qemu_opts_del(opts);
      }
  }
  
  void qemu_opts_loc_restore(QemuOpts *opts)
  {
      loc_restore(&opts->loc);
  }
  
  int qemu_opts_set(QemuOptsList *list, const char *id,
                    const char *name, const char *value)
  {
      QemuOpts *opts;
  
      opts = qemu_opts_create(list, id, 1);
      if (opts == NULL) {
          return -1;
      }
      return qemu_opt_set(opts, name, value);
  }
  
  const char *qemu_opts_id(QemuOpts *opts)
  {
      return opts->id;
  }
  
  void qemu_opts_del(QemuOpts *opts)
  {
      QemuOpt *opt;
  
      for (;;) {
          opt = QTAILQ_FIRST(&opts->head);
          if (opt == NULL)
              break;
          qemu_opt_del(opt);
      }
      QTAILQ_REMOVE(&opts->list->head, opts, next);
      g_free(opts->id);
      g_free(opts);
  }
  
  int qemu_opts_print(QemuOpts *opts, void *dummy)
  {
      QemuOpt *opt;
  
      fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s:", opts->list->name,
              opts->id ? opts->id : "<noid>");
      QTAILQ_FOREACH(opt, &opts->head, next) {
          fprintf(stderr, " %s=\"%s\"", opt->name, opt->str);
      }
      fprintf(stderr, "\n");
      return 0;
  }
  
  static int opts_do_parse(QemuOpts *opts, const char *params,
                           const char *firstname, bool prepend)
  {
      char option[128], value[1024];
      const char *p,*pe,*pc;
  
      for (p = params; *p != '\0'; p++) {
          pe = strchr(p, '=');
          pc = strchr(p, ',');
          if (!pe || (pc && pc < pe)) {
              /* found "foo,more" */
              if (p == params && firstname) {
                  /* implicitly named first option */
                  pstrcpy(option, sizeof(option), firstname);
                  p = get_opt_value(value, sizeof(value), p);
              } else {
                  /* option without value, probably a flag */
                  p = get_opt_name(option, sizeof(option), p, ',');
                  if (strncmp(option, "no", 2) == 0) {
                      memmove(option, option+2, strlen(option+2)+1);
                      pstrcpy(value, sizeof(value), "off");
                  } else {
                      pstrcpy(value, sizeof(value), "on");
                  }
              }
          } else {
              /* found "foo=bar,more" */
              p = get_opt_name(option, sizeof(option), p, '=');
              if (*p != '=') {
                  break;
              }
              p++;
              p = get_opt_value(value, sizeof(value), p);
          }
          if (strcmp(option, "id") != 0) {
              /* store and parse */
              if (opt_set(opts, option, value, prepend) == -1) {
                  return -1;
              }
          }
          if (*p != ',') {
              break;
          }
      }
      return 0;
  }
  
  int qemu_opts_do_parse(QemuOpts *opts, const char *params, const char *firstname)
  {
      return opts_do_parse(opts, params, firstname, false);
  }
  
  static QemuOpts *opts_parse(QemuOptsList *list, const char *params,
                              int permit_abbrev, bool defaults)
  {
      const char *firstname;
      char value[1024], *id = NULL;
      const char *p;
      QemuOpts *opts;
  
      assert(!permit_abbrev || list->implied_opt_name);
      firstname = permit_abbrev ? list->implied_opt_name : NULL;
  
      if (strncmp(params, "id=", 3) == 0) {
          get_opt_value(value, sizeof(value), params+3);
          id = value;
      } else if ((p = strstr(params, ",id=")) != NULL) {
          get_opt_value(value, sizeof(value), p+4);
          id = value;
      }
      if (defaults) {
          if (!id && !QTAILQ_EMPTY(&list->head)) {
              opts = qemu_opts_find(list, NULL);
          } else {
              opts = qemu_opts_create(list, id, 0);
          }
      } else {
          opts = qemu_opts_create(list, id, 1);
      }
      if (opts == NULL)
          return NULL;
  
      if (opts_do_parse(opts, params, firstname, defaults) != 0) {
          qemu_opts_del(opts);
          return NULL;
      }
  
      return opts;
  }
  
  QemuOpts *qemu_opts_parse(QemuOptsList *list, const char *params,
                            int permit_abbrev)
  {
      return opts_parse(list, params, permit_abbrev, false);
  }
  
  void qemu_opts_set_defaults(QemuOptsList *list, const char *params,
                              int permit_abbrev)
  {
      QemuOpts *opts;
  
      opts = opts_parse(list, params, permit_abbrev, true);
      assert(opts);
  }
  
  static void qemu_opts_from_qdict_1(const char *key, QObject *obj, void *opaque)
  {
      char buf[32];
      const char *value;
      int n;
  
      if (!strcmp(key, "id")) {
          return;
      }
  
      switch (qobject_type(obj)) {
      case QTYPE_QSTRING:
          value = qstring_get_str(qobject_to_qstring(obj));
          break;
      case QTYPE_QINT:
          n = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%" PRId64,
                       qint_get_int(qobject_to_qint(obj)));
          assert(n < sizeof(buf));
          value = buf;
          break;
      case QTYPE_QFLOAT:
          n = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.17g",
                       qfloat_get_double(qobject_to_qfloat(obj)));
          assert(n < sizeof(buf));
          value = buf;
          break;
      case QTYPE_QBOOL:
          pstrcpy(buf, sizeof(buf),
                  qbool_get_int(qobject_to_qbool(obj)) ? "on" : "off");
          value = buf;
          break;
      default:
          return;
      }
      qemu_opt_set(opaque, key, value);
  }
  
  /*
   * Create QemuOpts from a QDict.
   * Use value of key "id" as ID if it exists and is a QString.
   * Only QStrings, QInts, QFloats and QBools are copied.  Entries with
   * other types are silently ignored.
   */
  QemuOpts *qemu_opts_from_qdict(QemuOptsList *list, const QDict *qdict)
  {
      QemuOpts *opts;
  
      opts = qemu_opts_create(list, qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "id"), 1);
      if (opts == NULL)
          return NULL;
  
      qdict_iter(qdict, qemu_opts_from_qdict_1, opts);
      return opts;
  }
  
  /*
   * Convert from QemuOpts to QDict.
   * The QDict values are of type QString.
   * TODO We'll want to use types appropriate for opt->desc->type, but
   * this is enough for now.
   */
  QDict *qemu_opts_to_qdict(QemuOpts *opts, QDict *qdict)
  {
      QemuOpt *opt;
      QObject *val;
  
      if (!qdict) {
          qdict = qdict_new();
      }
      if (opts->id) {
          qdict_put(qdict, "id", qstring_from_str(opts->id));
      }
      QTAILQ_FOREACH(opt, &opts->head, next) {
          val = QOBJECT(qstring_from_str(opt->str));
          qdict_put_obj(qdict, opt->name, val);
      }
      return qdict;
  }
  
  /* Validate parsed opts against descriptions where no
   * descriptions were provided in the QemuOptsList.
   */
  int qemu_opts_validate(QemuOpts *opts, const QemuOptDesc *desc)
  {
      QemuOpt *opt;
  
      assert(opts->list->desc[0].name == NULL);
  
      QTAILQ_FOREACH(opt, &opts->head, next) {
          int i;
  
          for (i = 0; desc[i].name != NULL; i++) {
              if (strcmp(desc[i].name, opt->name) == 0) {
                  break;
              }
          }
          if (desc[i].name == NULL) {
              qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER, opt->name);
              return -1;
          }
  
          opt->desc = &desc[i];
  
          if (qemu_opt_parse(opt) < 0) {
              return -1;
          }
      }
  
      return 0;
  }
  
  int qemu_opts_foreach(QemuOptsList *list, qemu_opts_loopfunc func, void *opaque,
                        int abort_on_failure)
  {
      Location loc;
      QemuOpts *opts;
      int rc = 0;
  
      loc_push_none(&loc);
      QTAILQ_FOREACH(opts, &list->head, next) {
          loc_restore(&opts->loc);
          rc |= func(opts, opaque);
          if (abort_on_failure  &&  rc != 0)
              break;
      }
      loc_pop(&loc);
      return rc;
  }
  