text: /*
   * Copyright (c) 1983, 1993
   *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   *
   * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   * are met:
   * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
   * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
   *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
   *    without specific prior written permission.
   *
   * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
   * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
   * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
   * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
   * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
   * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
   * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
   * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
   * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
   * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
   * SUCH DAMAGE.
   *
   * $FreeBSD: src/sbin/ifconfig/ifconfig.c,v 1.113.2.4 2006/02/09 10:48:43 yar Exp $
   */
  
  #include <sys/param.h>
  #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  #include <sys/socket.h>
  #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  #include <sys/time.h>
  #include <sys/module.h>
  #include <sys/linker.h>
  #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  
  #include <net/ethernet.h>
  #include <net/if.h>
  #include <net/if_var.h>
  #include <net/if_dl.h>
  #include <net/if_types.h>
  #include <net/route.h>
  
  /* IP */
  #include <netinet/in.h>
  #include <netinet/in_var.h>
  #include <arpa/inet.h>
  #include <netdb.h>
  
  #include <ctype.h>
  #include <err.h>
  #include <errno.h>
  #include <fcntl.h>
  #include <stdio.h>
  #include <stdlib.h>
  #include <string.h>
  #include <unistd.h>
  
  #include "ifconfig.h"
  
  /*
   * Since "struct ifreq" is composed of various union members, callers
   * should pay special attention to interpret the value.
   * (.e.g. little/big endian difference in the structure.)
   */
  struct	ifreq ifr;
  
  char	name[IFNAMSIZ];
  int	flags;
  int	setaddr;
  int	setmask;
  int	doalias;
  int	clearaddr;
  int	newaddr = 1;
  int	verbose;
  int	noload;
  
  int	supmedia = 0;
  int	printkeys = 0;		/* Print keying material for interfaces. */
  int	printifname = 0;	/* Print the name of the created interface. */
  
  static	int ifconfig(int argc, char *const *argv, int iscreate,
  		     const struct afswtch *afp);
  static	void status(const struct afswtch *afp, int addrcount,
  		    struct sockaddr_dl *sdl, struct if_msghdr *ifm,
  		    struct ifa_msghdr *ifam);
  static	void tunnel_status(int s);
  static	void usage(void) __dead2;
  
  static struct afswtch *af_getbyname(const char *name);
  static struct afswtch *af_getbyfamily(int af);
  static void af_other_status(int);
  static void printifnamemaybe(void);
  
  static struct option *opts = NULL;
  
  void
  opt_register(struct option *p)
  {
  	p->next = opts;
  	opts = p;
  }
  
  static void
  usage(void)
  {
  	char options[1024];
  	struct option *p;
  
  	/* XXX not right but close enough for now */
  	options[0] = '\0';
  	for (p = opts; p != NULL; p = p->next) {
  		strlcat(options, p->opt_usage, sizeof(options));
  		strlcat(options, " ", sizeof(options));
  	}
  
  	fprintf(stderr,
  	"usage: ifconfig %s[-n] interface address_family [address [dest_address]]\n"
  	"                [parameters]\n"
  	"       ifconfig [-n] interface create\n"
  	"       ifconfig [-n] interface destroy\n"
  	"       ifconfig -a %s[-d] [-m] [-u] [-v] [address_family]\n"
  	"       ifconfig -l [-d] [-u] [address_family]\n"
  	"       ifconfig %s[-d] [-m] [-u] [-v]\n",
  		options, options, options);
  	exit(1);
  }
  
  static void printifnamemaybe(void)
  {
  	if (printifname)
  		printf("%s\n", name);
  }
  
  int
  main(int argc, char *argv[])
  {
  	int c, all, namesonly, downonly, uponly;
  	int need_nl = 0, count = 0;
  	const struct afswtch *afp = NULL;
  	int addrcount, ifindex;
  	struct if_msghdr *ifm, *nextifm;
  	struct ifa_msghdr *ifam;
  	struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
  	char *buf, *lim, *next;
  	size_t needed;
  	int mib[6];
  	char options[1024];
  	const char *ifname;
  	struct option *p;
  	size_t iflen;
  
  	all = downonly = uponly = namesonly = verbose = noload = 0;
  
  	/*
  	 * Ensure we print interface name when expected to,
  	 * even if we terminate early due to error.
  	 */
  	atexit(printifnamemaybe);
  
  	/* Parse leading line options */
  	strlcpy(options, "adklmnuv", sizeof(options));
  	for (p = opts; p != NULL; p = p->next)
  		strlcat(options, p->opt, sizeof(options));
  	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, options)) != -1) {
  		switch (c) {
  		case 'a':	/* scan all interfaces */
  			all++;
  			break;
  		case 'd':	/* restrict scan to "down" interfaces */
  			downonly++;
  			break;
  		case 'k':
  			printkeys++;
  			break;
  		case 'l':	/* scan interface names only */
  			namesonly++;
  			break;
  		case 'm':	/* show media choices in status */
  			supmedia = 1;
  			break;
  		case 'n':	/* suppress module loading */
  			noload++;
  			break;
  		case 'u':	/* restrict scan to "up" interfaces */
  			uponly++;
  			break;
  		case 'v':
  			verbose++;
  			break;
  		default:
  			for (p = opts; p != NULL; p = p->next)
  				if (p->opt[0] == c) {
  					p->cb(optarg);
  					break;
  				}
  			if (p == NULL)
  				usage();
  			break;
  		}
  	}
  	argc -= optind;
  	argv += optind;
  
  	/* -l cannot be used with -a or -m */
  	if (namesonly && (all || supmedia))
  		usage();
  
  	/* nonsense.. */
  	if (uponly && downonly)
  		usage();
  
  	/* no arguments is equivalent to '-a' */
  	if (!namesonly && argc < 1)
  		all = 1;
  
  	/* -a and -l allow an address family arg to limit the output */
  	if (all || namesonly) {
  		if (argc > 1)
  			usage();
  
  		ifname = NULL;
  		ifindex = 0;
  		if (argc == 1) {
  			afp = af_getbyname(*argv);
  			if (afp == NULL)
  				usage();
  			if (afp->af_name != NULL)
  				argc--, argv++;
  			/* leave with afp non-zero */
  		}
  	} else {
  		/* not listing, need an argument */
  		if (argc < 1)
  			usage();
  
  		ifname = *argv;
  		argc--, argv++;
  
  		/* check and maybe load support for this interface */
  		ifmaybeload(ifname);
  
  		ifindex = if_nametoindex(ifname);
  		if (ifindex == 0) {
  			/*
  			 * NOTE:  We must special-case the `create' command
  			 * right here as we would otherwise fail when trying
  			 * to find the interface.
  			 */
  			if (argc > 0 && (strcmp(argv[0], "create") == 0 ||
  			    strcmp(argv[0], "plumb") == 0)) {
  				iflen = strlcpy(name, ifname, sizeof(name));
  				if (iflen >= sizeof(name))
  					errx(1, "%s: cloning name too long",
  					    ifname);
  				ifconfig(argc, argv, 1, NULL);
  				return (0);
  			}
  			errx(1, "interface %s does not exist", ifname);
  		}
  	}
  
  	/* Check for address family */
  	if (argc > 0) {
  		afp = af_getbyname(*argv);
  		if (afp != NULL)
  			argc--, argv++;
  	}
  
  retry:
  	mib[0] = CTL_NET;
  	mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
  	mib[2] = 0;
  	mib[3] = 0;			/* address family */
  	mib[4] = NET_RT_IFLIST;
  	mib[5] = ifindex;		/* interface index */
  
  	/* if particular family specified, only ask about it */
  	if (afp != NULL)
  		mib[3] = afp->af_af;
  
  	if (sysctl(mib, 6, NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
  		errx(1, "iflist-sysctl-estimate");
  	if ((buf = malloc(needed)) == NULL)
  		errx(1, "malloc");
  	if (sysctl(mib, 6, buf, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0) {
  		if (errno == ENOMEM && count++ < 10) {
  			warnx("Routing table grew, retrying");
  			free(buf);
  			sleep(1);
  			goto retry;
  		}
  		errx(1, "actual retrieval of interface table");
  	}
  	lim = buf + needed;
  
  	next = buf;
  	while (next < lim) {
  		int name_len;
  
  		ifm = (struct if_msghdr *)next;
  
  		if (ifm->ifm_type == RTM_IFINFO) {
  #ifdef notyet
  			if (ifm->ifm_data.ifi_datalen == 0)
  				ifm->ifm_data.ifi_datalen = sizeof(struct if_data);
  			sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)((char *)ifm + sizeof(struct if_msghdr) -
  			    sizeof(struct if_data) + ifm->ifm_data.ifi_datalen);
  #else
  			sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)(ifm + 1);
  #endif
  			flags = ifm->ifm_flags;
  		} else {
  			fprintf(stderr, "out of sync parsing NET_RT_IFLIST\n");
  			fprintf(stderr, "expected %d, got %d\n", RTM_IFINFO,
  				ifm->ifm_type);
  			fprintf(stderr, "msglen = %d\n", ifm->ifm_msglen);
  			fprintf(stderr, "buf:%p, next:%p, lim:%p\n", buf, next,
  				lim);
  			exit(1);
  		}
  
  		next += ifm->ifm_msglen;
  		ifam = NULL;
  		addrcount = 0;
  		while (next < lim) {
  			nextifm = (struct if_msghdr *)next;
  
  			if (nextifm->ifm_type != RTM_NEWADDR)
  				break;
  
  			if (ifam == NULL)
  				ifam = (struct ifa_msghdr *)nextifm;
  
  			addrcount++;
  			next += nextifm->ifm_msglen;
  		}
  
  		if (sizeof(name) <= sdl->sdl_nlen)
  			name_len = sizeof(name) - 1;
  		else
  			name_len = sdl->sdl_nlen;
  
  		memcpy(name, sdl->sdl_data, name_len);
  		name[name_len] = '\0';
  
  		if (all || namesonly) {
  			if (uponly)
  				if ((flags & IFF_UP) == 0)
  					continue; /* not up */
  			if (downonly)
  				if (flags & IFF_UP)
  					continue; /* not down */
  			if (namesonly) {
  				if (afp == NULL || afp->af_af != AF_LINK ||
  				    sdl->sdl_type == IFT_ETHER) {
  					if (need_nl)
  						putchar(' ');
  					fputs(name, stdout);
  					need_nl++;
  				}
  				continue;
  			}
  		}
  
  		if (argc > 0)
  			ifconfig(argc, argv, 0, afp);
  		else
  			status(afp, addrcount, sdl, ifm, ifam);
  	}
  	free(buf);
  
  	if (namesonly && need_nl > 0)
  		putchar('\n');
  
  	return (0);
  }
  
  static struct afswtch *afs = NULL;
  
  void
  af_register(struct afswtch *p)
  {
  	p->af_next = afs;
  	afs = p;
  }
  
  static struct afswtch *
  af_getbyname(const char *name)
  {
  	struct afswtch *afp;
  
  	for (afp = afs; afp !=  NULL; afp = afp->af_next)
  		if (strcmp(afp->af_name, name) == 0)
  			return afp;
  	return NULL;
  }
  
  static struct afswtch *
  af_getbyfamily(int af)
  {
  	struct afswtch *afp;
  
  	for (afp = afs; afp != NULL; afp = afp->af_next)
  		if (afp->af_af == af)
  			return afp;
  	return NULL;
  }
  
  static void
  af_other_status(int s)
  {
  	struct afswtch *afp;
  	uint8_t afmask[howmany(AF_MAX, NBBY)];
  
  	memset(afmask, 0, sizeof(afmask));
  	for (afp = afs; afp != NULL; afp = afp->af_next) {
  		if (afp->af_other_status == NULL)
  			continue;
  		if (afp->af_af != AF_UNSPEC && isset(afmask, afp->af_af))
  			continue;
  		afp->af_other_status(s);
  		setbit(afmask, afp->af_af);
  	}
  }
  
  static void
  af_all_tunnel_status(int s)
  {
  	struct afswtch *afp;
  	uint8_t afmask[howmany(AF_MAX, NBBY)];
  
  	memset(afmask, 0, sizeof(afmask));
  	for (afp = afs; afp != NULL; afp = afp->af_next) {
  		if (afp->af_status_tunnel == NULL)
  			continue;
  		if (afp->af_af != AF_UNSPEC && isset(afmask, afp->af_af))
  			continue;
  		afp->af_status_tunnel(s);
  		setbit(afmask, afp->af_af);
  	}
  }
  
  static struct cmd *cmds = NULL;
  
  void
  cmd_register(struct cmd *p)
  {
  	p->c_next = cmds;
  	cmds = p;
  }
  
  static const struct cmd *
  cmd_lookup(const char *name, int iscreate)
  {
  	const struct cmd *p;
  
  	for (p = cmds; p != NULL; p = p->c_next)
  		if (strcmp(name, p->c_name) == 0) {
  			if (iscreate) {
  				if (p->c_iscloneop)
  					return p;
  			} else {
  				if (!p->c_iscloneop)
  					return p;
  			}
  		}
  	return NULL;
  }
  
  struct callback {
  	callback_func *cb_func;
  	void	*cb_arg;
  	struct callback *cb_next;
  };
  static struct callback *callbacks = NULL;
  
  void
  callback_register(callback_func *func, void *arg)
  {
  	struct callback *cb;
  
  	cb = malloc(sizeof(struct callback));
  	if (cb == NULL)
  		errx(1, "unable to allocate memory for callback");
  	cb->cb_func = func;
  	cb->cb_arg = arg;
  	cb->cb_next = callbacks;
  	callbacks = cb;
  }
  
  /* specially-handled commands */
  static void setifaddr(const char *, int, int, const struct afswtch *);
  static const struct cmd setifaddr_cmd = DEF_CMD("ifaddr", 0, setifaddr);
  
  static void setifdstaddr(const char *, int, int, const struct afswtch *);
  static const struct cmd setifdstaddr_cmd =
  	DEF_CMD("ifdstaddr", 0, setifdstaddr);
  
  static int
  ifconfig(int argc, char *const *argv, int iscreate,
  	 const struct afswtch *uafp)
  {
  	const struct afswtch *afp, *nafp;
  	struct callback *cb;
  	int s;
  
  	strlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, name, sizeof ifr.ifr_name);
  	afp = uafp != NULL ? uafp : af_getbyname("inet");
  top:
  	ifr.ifr_addr.sa_family =
  		afp->af_af == AF_LINK || afp->af_af == AF_UNSPEC ?
  		AF_LOCAL : afp->af_af;
  
  	if ((s = socket(ifr.ifr_addr.sa_family, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0 &&
  	    (uafp != NULL || errno != EAFNOSUPPORT ||
  	     (s = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0))
  		err(1, "socket(family %u,SOCK_DGRAM)", ifr.ifr_addr.sa_family);
  
  	while (argc > 0) {
  		const struct cmd *p;
  
  		p = cmd_lookup(*argv, iscreate);
  
  		if (iscreate && p == NULL) {
  			/*
  			 * Push the clone create callback so the new
  			 * device is created and can be used for any
  			 * remaining arguments.
  			 */
  			cb = callbacks;
  			if (cb == NULL)
  				errx(1, "internal error, no callback");
  			callbacks = cb->cb_next;
  			cb->cb_func(s, cb->cb_arg);
  			iscreate = 0;
  
  			/*
  			 * After cloning, make sure we have an up-to-date name
  			 * in ifr_name.
  			 */
  			strlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, name, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
  
  			/*
  			 * Handle any address family spec that
  			 * immediately follows and potentially
  			 * recreate the socket.
  			 */
  			nafp = af_getbyname(*argv);
  			if (nafp != NULL) {
  				argc--, argv++;
  				if (nafp != afp) {
  					close(s);
  					afp = nafp;
  					goto top;
  				}
  			}
  			/*
  			 * Look for a normal parameter.
  			 */
  			continue;
  		}
  		if (p == NULL) {
  			/*
  			 * Not a recognized command, choose between setting
  			 * the interface address and the dst address.
  			 */
  			p = (setaddr ? &setifdstaddr_cmd : &setifaddr_cmd);
  		}
  		if (p->c_u.c_func || p->c_u.c_func2) {
  			if (p->c_parameter == NEXTARG) {
  				if (argv[1] == NULL)
  					errx(1, "'%s' requires argument",
  					    p->c_name);
  				p->c_u.c_func(argv[1], 0, s, afp);
  				argc--, argv++;
  			} else if (p->c_parameter == OPTARG) {
  				p->c_u.c_func(argv[1], 0, s, afp);
  				if (argv[1] != NULL)
  					argc--, argv++;
  			} else if (p->c_parameter == NEXTARG2) {
  				if (argc < 3)
  					errx(1, "'%s' requires 2 arguments",
  					    p->c_name);
  				p->c_u.c_func2(argv[1], argv[2], s, afp);
  				argc -= 2, argv += 2;
  			} else
  				p->c_u.c_func(*argv, p->c_parameter, s, afp);
  		}
  		argc--, argv++;
  	}
  
  	/*
  	 * Do any post argument processing required by the address family.
  	 */
  	if (afp->af_postproc != NULL)
  		afp->af_postproc(s, afp);
  	/*
  	 * Do deferred callbacks registered while processing
  	 * command-line arguments.
  	 */
  	for (cb = callbacks; cb != NULL; cb = cb->cb_next)
  		cb->cb_func(s, cb->cb_arg);
  	/*
  	 * Do deferred operations.
  	 */
  	if (clearaddr) {
  		if (afp->af_ridreq == NULL || afp->af_difaddr == 0) {
  			warnx("interface %s cannot change %s addresses!",
  			      name, afp->af_name);
  			clearaddr = 0;
  		}
  	}
  	if (clearaddr) {
  		int ret;
  		strlcpy(afp->af_ridreq, name, sizeof ifr.ifr_name);
  		ret = ioctl(s, afp->af_difaddr, afp->af_ridreq);
  		if (ret < 0) {
  			if (errno == EADDRNOTAVAIL && (doalias >= 0)) {
  				/* means no previous address for interface */
  			} else
  				Perror("ioctl (SIOCDIFADDR)");
  		}
  	}
  	if (newaddr) {
  		if (afp->af_addreq == NULL || afp->af_aifaddr == 0) {
  			warnx("interface %s cannot change %s addresses!",
  			      name, afp->af_name);
  			newaddr = 0;
  		}
  	}
  	if (newaddr && (setaddr || setmask)) {
  		strlcpy(afp->af_addreq, name, sizeof ifr.ifr_name);
  		if (ioctl(s, afp->af_aifaddr, afp->af_addreq) < 0)
  			Perror("ioctl (SIOCAIFADDR)");
  	}
  
  	close(s);
  	return (0);
  }
  
  /*ARGSUSED*/
  static void
  setifaddr(const char *addr, int param, int s, const struct afswtch *afp)
  {
  	if (afp->af_getaddr == NULL)
  		return;
  	/*
  	 * Delay the ioctl to set the interface addr until flags are all set.
  	 * The address interpretation may depend on the flags,
  	 * and the flags may change when the address is set.
  	 */
  	setaddr++;
  	if (doalias == 0 && afp->af_af != AF_LINK)
  		clearaddr = 1;
  	afp->af_getaddr(addr, (doalias >= 0 ? ADDR : RIDADDR));
  }
  
  static void
  settunnel(const char *src, const char *dst, int s, const struct afswtch *afp)
  {
  	struct addrinfo *srcres, *dstres;
  	int ecode;
  
  	if (afp->af_settunnel == NULL) {
  		warn("address family %s does not support tunnel setup",
  			afp->af_name);
  		return;
  	}
  
  	if ((ecode = getaddrinfo(src, NULL, NULL, &srcres)) != 0)
  		errx(1, "error in parsing address string: %s",
  		    gai_strerror(ecode));
  
  	if ((ecode = getaddrinfo(dst, NULL, NULL, &dstres)) != 0)
  		errx(1, "error in parsing address string: %s",
  		    gai_strerror(ecode));
  
  	if (srcres->ai_addr->sa_family != dstres->ai_addr->sa_family)
  		errx(1,
  		    "source and destination address families do not match");
  
  	afp->af_settunnel(s, srcres, dstres);
  
  	freeaddrinfo(srcres);
  	freeaddrinfo(dstres);
  }
  
  /* ARGSUSED */
  static void
  deletetunnel(const char *vname, int param, int s, const struct afswtch *afp)
  {
  
  	if (ioctl(s, SIOCDIFPHYADDR, &ifr) < 0)
  		err(1, "SIOCDIFPHYADDR");
  }
  
  static void
  setifnetmask(const char *addr, int dummy __unused, int s,
      const struct afswtch *afp)
  {
  	if (afp->af_getaddr != NULL) {
  		setmask++;
  		afp->af_getaddr(addr, MASK);
  	}
  }
  
  static void
  setifbroadaddr(const char *addr, int dummy __unused, int s,
      const struct afswtch *afp)
  {
  	if (afp->af_getaddr != NULL)
  		afp->af_getaddr(addr, DSTADDR);
  }
  
  static void
  notealias(const char *addr, int param, int s, const struct afswtch *afp)
  {
  #define rqtosa(x) (&(((struct ifreq *)(afp->x))->ifr_addr))
  	if (setaddr && doalias == 0 && param < 0)
  		if (afp->af_addreq != NULL && afp->af_ridreq != NULL)
  			bcopy((caddr_t)rqtosa(af_addreq),
  			      (caddr_t)rqtosa(af_ridreq),
  			      rqtosa(af_addreq)->sa_len);
  	doalias = param;
  	if (param < 0) {
  		clearaddr = 1;
  		newaddr = 0;
  	} else
  		clearaddr = 0;
  #undef rqtosa
  }
  
  /*ARGSUSED*/
  static void
  setifdstaddr(const char *addr, int param __unused, int s,
      const struct afswtch *afp)
  {
  	if (afp->af_getaddr != NULL)
  		afp->af_getaddr(addr, DSTADDR);
  }
  
  /*
   * Note: doing an SIOCIGIFFLAGS scribbles on the union portion
   * of the ifreq structure, which may confuse other parts of ifconfig.
   * Make a private copy so we can avoid that.
   */
  static void
  setifflags(const char *vname, int value, int s, const struct afswtch *afp)
  {
  	struct ifreq		my_ifr;
  
  	bcopy((char *)&ifr, (char *)&my_ifr, sizeof(struct ifreq));
  
  	if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFFLAGS, (caddr_t)&my_ifr) < 0) {
  		Perror("ioctl (SIOCGIFFLAGS)");
  	}
  	strlcpy(my_ifr.ifr_name, name, sizeof (my_ifr.ifr_name));
  	flags = (my_ifr.ifr_flags & 0xffff) | (my_ifr.ifr_flagshigh << 16);
  
  	if (value < 0) {
  		value = -value;
  		flags &= ~value;
  	} else
  		flags |= value;
  	my_ifr.ifr_flags = flags & 0xffff;
  	my_ifr.ifr_flagshigh = flags >> 16;
  	if (ioctl(s, SIOCSIFFLAGS, (caddr_t)&my_ifr) < 0)
  		Perror(vname);
  }
  
  void
  setifcap(const char *vname, int value, int s, const struct afswtch *afp)
  {
  
  	if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFCAP, (caddr_t)&ifr) < 0) {
  		Perror("ioctl (SIOCGIFCAP)");
  	}
  	flags = ifr.ifr_curcap;
  	if (value < 0) {
  		value = -value;
  		flags &= ~value;
  	} else
  		flags |= value;
  	ifr.ifr_reqcap = flags;
  	if (ioctl(s, SIOCSIFCAP, (caddr_t)&ifr) < 0)
  		Perror(vname);
  }
  
  static void
  setifmetric(const char *val, int dummy __unused, int s,
      const struct afswtch *afp)
  {
  	strlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, name, sizeof (ifr.ifr_name));
  	ifr.ifr_metric = atoi(val);
  	if (ioctl(s, SIOCSIFMETRIC, (caddr_t)&ifr) < 0)
  		err(1, "ioctl SIOCSIFMETRIC (set metric)");
  }
  
  static void
  setifmtu(const char *val, int dummy __unused, int s,
      const struct afswtch *afp)
  {
  	strlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, name, sizeof (ifr.ifr_name));
  	ifr.ifr_mtu = atoi(val);
  	if (ioctl(s, SIOCSIFMTU, (caddr_t)&ifr) < 0)
  		err(1, "ioctl SIOCSIFMTU (set mtu)");
  }
  
  static void
  setiftsolen(const char *val, int dummy __unused, int s,
      const struct afswtch *afp)
  {
  	strlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, name, sizeof (ifr.ifr_name));
  	ifr.ifr_tsolen = atoi(val);
  	if (ioctl(s, SIOCSIFTSOLEN, (caddr_t)&ifr) < 0)
  		err(1, "ioctl SIOCSIFTSOLEN (set tsolen)");
  }
  
  static void
  setifname(const char *val, int dummy __unused, int s,
      const struct afswtch *afp)
  {
  	char *newname;
  
  	strlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, name, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
  
  	newname = strdup(val);
  	if (newname == NULL)
  		err(1, "no memory to set ifname");
  	ifr.ifr_data = newname;
  	if (ioctl(s, SIOCSIFNAME, (caddr_t)&ifr) < 0) {
  		free(newname);
  		err(1, "ioctl SIOCSIFNAME (set name)");
  	}
  	printifname = 1;
  	strlcpy(name, newname, sizeof(name));
  	free(newname);
  }
  
  static void
  setifpollcpu(const char *val, int dummy __unused, int s,
      const struct afswtch *afp)
  {
  	warnx("pollcpu is deprecated, use polling or npolling instead");
  	setifflags("npolling", IFF_NPOLLING, s, afp);
  }
  
  /*
   * Expand the compacted form of addresses as returned via the
   * configuration read via sysctl().
   */
  static void
  rt_xaddrs(caddr_t cp, caddr_t cplim, struct rt_addrinfo *rtinfo)
  {
  	struct sockaddr *sa;
  	int i;
  
  	memset(rtinfo->rti_info, 0, sizeof(rtinfo->rti_info));
  	for (i = 0; (i < RTAX_MAX) && (cp < cplim); i++) {
  		if ((rtinfo->rti_addrs & (1 << i)) == 0)
  			continue;
  		rtinfo->rti_info[i] = sa = (struct sockaddr *)cp;
  		RT_ADVANCE(cp, sa);
  	}
  }
  
  #define	IFFBITS \
  "\020\1UP\2BROADCAST\3DEBUG\4LOOPBACK\5POINTOPOINT\6SMART\7RUNNING" \
  "\10NOARP\11PROMISC\12ALLMULTI\14SIMPLEX\15LINK0\16LINK1\17LINK2" \
  "\20MULTICAST\22PPROMISC\23MONITOR\24STATICARP\25NPOLLING\26IDIRECT"
  
  #define	IFCAPBITS \
  "\020\1RXCSUM\2TXCSUM\3NETCONS\4VLAN_MTU\5VLAN_HWTAGGING\6JUMBO_MTU\7RSS" \
  "\10VLAN_HWCSUM\11TSO"
  
  /*
   * Print the status of the interface.  If an address family was
   * specified, show only it; otherwise, show them all.
   */
  static void
  status(const struct afswtch *afp, int addrcount, struct	sockaddr_dl *sdl,
      struct if_msghdr *ifm, struct ifa_msghdr *ifam)
  {
  	struct	rt_addrinfo info;
  	int allfamilies, s;
  	struct ifstat ifs;
  
  	if (afp == NULL) {
  		allfamilies = 1;
  		ifr.ifr_addr.sa_family = AF_LOCAL;
  	} else {
  		allfamilies = 0;
  		ifr.ifr_addr.sa_family =
  		    afp->af_af == AF_LINK ? AF_LOCAL : afp->af_af;
  	}
  	strlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, name, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
  
  	s = socket(ifr.ifr_addr.sa_family, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
  	if (s < 0)
  		err(1, "socket(family %u,SOCK_DGRAM)", ifr.ifr_addr.sa_family);
  
  	printf("%s: ", name);
  	printb("flags", flags, IFFBITS);
  	if (ifm->ifm_data.ifi_metric)
  		printf(" metric %ld", ifm->ifm_data.ifi_metric);
  	if (ifm->ifm_data.ifi_mtu)
  		printf(" mtu %ld", ifm->ifm_data.ifi_mtu);
  	putchar('\n');
  
  	if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFCAP, (caddr_t)&ifr) == 0) {
  		if (ifr.ifr_curcap != 0) {
  			printb("\toptions", ifr.ifr_curcap, IFCAPBITS);
  			putchar('\n');
  		}
  		if (supmedia && ifr.ifr_reqcap != 0) {
  			printb("\tcapabilities", ifr.ifr_reqcap, IFCAPBITS);
  			putchar('\n');
  			if (ifr.ifr_reqcap & IFCAP_TSO) {
  				if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFTSOLEN,
  				    (caddr_t)&ifr) == 0) {
  					printf("\ttsolen %d", ifr.ifr_tsolen);
  					putchar('\n');
  				}
  			}
  		}
  	}
  
  	tunnel_status(s);
  
  	while (addrcount > 0) {
  		info.rti_addrs = ifam->ifam_addrs;
  		/* Expand the compacted addresses */
  		rt_xaddrs((char *)(ifam + 1), ifam->ifam_msglen + (char *)ifam,
  			  &info);
  
  		if (allfamilies) {
  			const struct afswtch *p;
  			p = af_getbyfamily(info.rti_info[RTAX_IFA]->sa_family);
  			if (p != NULL && p->af_status != NULL)
  				p->af_status(s, &info);
  		} else if (afp->af_af == info.rti_info[RTAX_IFA]->sa_family)
  			afp->af_status(s, &info);
  		addrcount--;
  		ifam = (struct ifa_msghdr *)((char *)ifam + ifam->ifam_msglen);
  	}
  	if (allfamilies || afp->af_af == AF_LINK) {
  		const struct afswtch *lafp;
  
  		/*
  		 * Hack; the link level address is received separately
  		 * from the routing information so any address is not
  		 * handled above.  Cobble together an entry and invoke
  		 * the status method specially.
  		 */
  		lafp = af_getbyname("lladdr");
  		if (lafp != NULL) {
  			info.rti_info[RTAX_IFA] = (struct sockaddr *)sdl;
  			lafp->af_status(s, &info);
  		}
  	}
  	if (allfamilies)
  		af_other_status(s);
  	else if (afp->af_other_status != NULL)
  		afp->af_other_status(s);
  
  	strlcpy(ifs.ifs_name, name, sizeof ifs.ifs_name);
  	if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFSTATUS, &ifs) == 0)
  		printf("%s", ifs.ascii);
  
  	close(s);
  	return;
  }
  
  static void
  tunnel_status(int s)
  {
  	af_all_tunnel_status(s);
  }
  
  void
  Perror(const char *cmd)
  {
  	switch (errno) {
  
  	case ENXIO:
  		errx(1, "%s: no such interface", cmd);
  		break;
  
  	case EPERM:
  		errx(1, "%s: permission denied", cmd);
  		break;
  
  	default:
  		err(1, "%s", cmd);
  	}
  }
  
  /*
   * Print a value a la the %pb%i format of the kernel's kprintf()
   */
  void
  printb(const char *s, unsigned v, const char *bits)
  {
  	int i, any = 0;
  	char c;
  
  	if (bits && *bits == 8)
  		printf("%s=%o", s, v);
  	else
  		printf("%s=%x", s, v);
  	bits++;
  	if (bits) {
  		putchar('<');
  		while ((i = *bits++) != '\0') {
  			if (v & (1 << (i-1))) {
  				if (any)
  					putchar(',');
  				any = 1;
  				for (; (c = *bits) > 32; bits++)
  					putchar(c);
  			} else
  				for (; *bits > 32; bits++)
  					;
  		}
  		putchar('>');
  	}
  }
  
  void
  ifmaybeload(const char *name)
  {
  #define MOD_PREFIX_LEN		3	/* "if_" */
  	struct module_stat mstat;
  	int fileid, modid;
  	char ifkind[IFNAMSIZ + MOD_PREFIX_LEN], ifname[IFNAMSIZ], *dp;
  	const char *cp;
  
  	/* loading suppressed by the user */
  	if (noload)
  		return;
  
  	/* trim the interface number off the end */
  	strlcpy(ifname, name, sizeof(ifname));
  	for (dp = ifname; *dp != 0; dp++)
  		if (isdigit(*dp)) {
  			*dp = 0;
  			break;
  		}
  
  	/* turn interface and unit into module name */
  	strlcpy(ifkind, "if_", sizeof(ifkind));
  	strlcat(ifkind, ifname, sizeof(ifkind));
  
  	/* scan files in kernel */
  	mstat.version = sizeof(struct module_stat);
  	for (fileid = kldnext(0); fileid > 0; fileid = kldnext(fileid)) {
  		/* scan modules in file */
  		for (modid = kldfirstmod(fileid); modid > 0;
  		     modid = modfnext(modid)) {
  			if (modstat(modid, &mstat) < 0)
  				continue;
  			/* strip bus name if present */
  			if ((cp = strchr(mstat.name, '/')) != NULL) {
  				cp++;
  			} else {
  				cp = mstat.name;
  			}
  			/* already loaded? */
  			if (strcmp(ifname, cp) == 0 ||
  			    strcmp(ifkind, cp) == 0)
  				return;
  		}
  	}
  
  	/* not present, we should try to load it */
  	kldload(ifkind);
  }
  
  static struct cmd basic_cmds[] = {
  	DEF_CMD("up",		IFF_UP,		setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("down",		-IFF_UP,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("arp",		-IFF_NOARP,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("-arp",		IFF_NOARP,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("debug",	IFF_DEBUG,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("-debug",	-IFF_DEBUG,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("promisc",	IFF_PPROMISC,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("-promisc",	-IFF_PPROMISC,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("add",		IFF_UP,		notealias),
  	DEF_CMD("alias",	IFF_UP,		notealias),
  	DEF_CMD("-alias",	-IFF_UP,	notealias),
  	DEF_CMD("delete",	-IFF_UP,	notealias),
  	DEF_CMD("remove",	-IFF_UP,	notealias),
  #ifdef notdef
  #define	EN_SWABIPS	0x1000
  	DEF_CMD("swabips",	EN_SWABIPS,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("-swabips",	-EN_SWABIPS,	setifflags),
  #endif
  	DEF_CMD_ARG("netmask",			setifnetmask),
  	DEF_CMD_ARG("metric",			setifmetric),
  	DEF_CMD_ARG("broadcast",		setifbroadaddr),
  	DEF_CMD_ARG2("tunnel",			settunnel),
  	DEF_CMD("-tunnel", 0,			deletetunnel),
  	DEF_CMD("deletetunnel", 0,		deletetunnel),
  	DEF_CMD("link0",	IFF_LINK0,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("-link0",	-IFF_LINK0,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("link1",	IFF_LINK1,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("-link1",	-IFF_LINK1,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("link2",	IFF_LINK2,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("-link2",	-IFF_LINK2,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("monitor",	IFF_MONITOR,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("-monitor",	-IFF_MONITOR,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("staticarp",	IFF_STATICARP,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("-staticarp",	-IFF_STATICARP,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("polling",	IFF_NPOLLING,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("-polling",	-IFF_NPOLLING,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("npolling",	IFF_NPOLLING,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("-npolling",	-IFF_NPOLLING,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("rxcsum",	IFCAP_RXCSUM,	setifcap),
  	DEF_CMD("-rxcsum",	-IFCAP_RXCSUM,	setifcap),
  	DEF_CMD("txcsum",	IFCAP_TXCSUM,	setifcap),
  	DEF_CMD("-txcsum",	-IFCAP_TXCSUM,	setifcap),
  	DEF_CMD("netcons",	IFCAP_NETCONS,	setifcap),
  	DEF_CMD("-netcons",	-IFCAP_NETCONS,	setifcap),
  	DEF_CMD("rss",		IFCAP_RSS,	setifcap),
  	DEF_CMD("-rss",		-IFCAP_RSS,	setifcap),
  	DEF_CMD("tso",		IFCAP_TSO,	setifcap),
  	DEF_CMD("-tso",		-IFCAP_TSO,	setifcap),
  	DEF_CMD("normal",	-IFF_LINK0,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("compress",	IFF_LINK0,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD("noicmp",	IFF_LINK1,	setifflags),
  	DEF_CMD_ARG("mtu",			setifmtu),
  	DEF_CMD_ARG("name",			setifname),
  	DEF_CMD_ARG("pollcpu",			setifpollcpu),
  	DEF_CMD_ARG("tsolen",			setiftsolen)
  };
  
  static __constructor(101) void
  ifconfig_ctor(void)
  {
  	size_t i;
  
  	for (i = 0; i < nitems(basic_cmds);  i++)
  		cmd_register(&basic_cmds[i]);
  }
  