text: /*
     cx231xx-video.c - driver for Conexant Cx23100/101/102
  		     USB video capture devices
  
     Copyright (C) 2008 <srinivasa.deevi at conexant dot com>
  	Based on em28xx driver
  	Based on cx23885 driver
  	Based on cx88 driver
  
     This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
     it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
     the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
     (at your option) any later version.
  
     This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
     but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
     GNU General Public License for more details.
  
     You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
     along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
     Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
   */
  
  #include "cx231xx.h"
  #include <linux/init.h>
  #include <linux/list.h>
  #include <linux/module.h>
  #include <linux/kernel.h>
  #include <linux/bitmap.h>
  #include <linux/i2c.h>
  #include <linux/mm.h>
  #include <linux/mutex.h>
  #include <linux/slab.h>
  
  #include <media/v4l2-common.h>
  #include <media/v4l2-ioctl.h>
  #include <media/v4l2-event.h>
  #include <media/drv-intf/msp3400.h>
  #include <media/tuner.h>
  
  #include "dvb_frontend.h"
  
  #include "cx231xx-vbi.h"
  
  #define CX231XX_VERSION "0.0.3"
  
  #define DRIVER_AUTHOR   "Srinivasa Deevi <srinivasa.deevi@conexant.com>"
  #define DRIVER_DESC     "Conexant cx231xx based USB video device driver"
  
  #define cx231xx_videodbg(fmt, arg...) do {\
  	if (video_debug) \
  		printk(KERN_INFO "%s %s :"fmt, \
  			 dev->name, __func__ , ##arg); } while (0)
  
  static unsigned int isoc_debug;
  module_param(isoc_debug, int, 0644);
  MODULE_PARM_DESC(isoc_debug, "enable debug messages [isoc transfers]");
  
  #define cx231xx_isocdbg(fmt, arg...) \
  do {\
  	if (isoc_debug) { \
  		printk(KERN_INFO "%s %s :"fmt, \
  			 dev->name, __func__ , ##arg); \
  	} \
    } while (0)
  
  MODULE_AUTHOR(DRIVER_AUTHOR);
  MODULE_DESCRIPTION(DRIVER_DESC);
  MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
  MODULE_VERSION(CX231XX_VERSION);
  
  static unsigned int card[]     = {[0 ... (CX231XX_MAXBOARDS - 1)] = UNSET };
  static unsigned int video_nr[] = {[0 ... (CX231XX_MAXBOARDS - 1)] = UNSET };
  static unsigned int vbi_nr[]   = {[0 ... (CX231XX_MAXBOARDS - 1)] = UNSET };
  static unsigned int radio_nr[] = {[0 ... (CX231XX_MAXBOARDS - 1)] = UNSET };
  
  module_param_array(card, int, NULL, 0444);
  module_param_array(video_nr, int, NULL, 0444);
  module_param_array(vbi_nr, int, NULL, 0444);
  module_param_array(radio_nr, int, NULL, 0444);
  
  MODULE_PARM_DESC(card, "card type");
  MODULE_PARM_DESC(video_nr, "video device numbers");
  MODULE_PARM_DESC(vbi_nr, "vbi device numbers");
  MODULE_PARM_DESC(radio_nr, "radio device numbers");
  
  static unsigned int video_debug;
  module_param(video_debug, int, 0644);
  MODULE_PARM_DESC(video_debug, "enable debug messages [video]");
  
  /* supported video standards */
  static struct cx231xx_fmt format[] = {
  	{
  	 .name = "16bpp YUY2, 4:2:2, packed",
  	 .fourcc = V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV,
  	 .depth = 16,
  	 .reg = 0,
  	 },
  };
  
  
  static int cx231xx_enable_analog_tuner(struct cx231xx *dev)
  {
  #ifdef CONFIG_MEDIA_CONTROLLER
  	struct media_device *mdev = dev->media_dev;
  	struct media_entity  *entity, *decoder = NULL, *source;
  	struct media_link *link, *found_link = NULL;
  	int ret, active_links = 0;
  
  	if (!mdev)
  		return 0;
  
  	/*
  	 * This will find the tuner that is connected into the decoder.
  	 * Technically, this is not 100% correct, as the device may be
  	 * using an analog input instead of the tuner. However, as we can't
  	 * do DVB streaming while the DMA engine is being used for V4L2,
  	 * this should be enough for the actual needs.
  	 */
  	media_device_for_each_entity(entity, mdev) {
  		if (entity->function == MEDIA_ENT_F_ATV_DECODER) {
  			decoder = entity;
  			break;
  		}
  	}
  	if (!decoder)
  		return 0;
  
  	list_for_each_entry(link, &decoder->links, list) {
  		if (link->sink->entity == decoder) {
  			found_link = link;
  			if (link->flags & MEDIA_LNK_FL_ENABLED)
  				active_links++;
  			break;
  		}
  	}
  
  	if (active_links == 1 || !found_link)
  		return 0;
  
  	source = found_link->source->entity;
  	list_for_each_entry(link, &source->links, list) {
  		struct media_entity *sink;
  		int flags = 0;
  
  		sink = link->sink->entity;
  
  		if (sink == entity)
  			flags = MEDIA_LNK_FL_ENABLED;
  
  		ret = media_entity_setup_link(link, flags);
  		if (ret) {
  			dev_err(dev->dev,
  				"Couldn't change link %s->%s to %s. Error %d\n",
  				source->name, sink->name,
  				flags ? "enabled" : "disabled",
  				ret);
  			return ret;
  		} else
  			dev_dbg(dev->dev,
  				"link %s->%s was %s\n",
  				source->name, sink->name,
  				flags ? "ENABLED" : "disabled");
  	}
  #endif
  	return 0;
  }
  
  /* ------------------------------------------------------------------
  	Video buffer and parser functions
     ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
  
  /*
   * Announces that a buffer were filled and request the next
   */
  static inline void buffer_filled(struct cx231xx *dev,
  				 struct cx231xx_dmaqueue *dma_q,
  				 struct cx231xx_buffer *buf)
  {
  	/* Advice that buffer was filled */
  	cx231xx_isocdbg("[%p/%d] wakeup\n", buf, buf->vb.i);
  	buf->vb.state = VIDEOBUF_DONE;
  	buf->vb.field_count++;
  	v4l2_get_timestamp(&buf->vb.ts);
  
  	if (dev->USE_ISO)
  		dev->video_mode.isoc_ctl.buf = NULL;
  	else
  		dev->video_mode.bulk_ctl.buf = NULL;
  
  	list_del(&buf->vb.queue);
  	wake_up(&buf->vb.done);
  }
  
  static inline void print_err_status(struct cx231xx *dev, int packet, int status)
  {
  	char *errmsg = "Unknown";
  
  	switch (status) {
  	case -ENOENT:
  		errmsg = "unlinked synchronuously";
  		break;
  	case -ECONNRESET:
  		errmsg = "unlinked asynchronuously";
  		break;
  	case -ENOSR:
  		errmsg = "Buffer error (overrun)";
  		break;
  	case -EPIPE:
  		errmsg = "Stalled (device not responding)";
  		break;
  	case -EOVERFLOW:
  		errmsg = "Babble (bad cable?)";
  		break;
  	case -EPROTO:
  		errmsg = "Bit-stuff error (bad cable?)";
  		break;
  	case -EILSEQ:
  		errmsg = "CRC/Timeout (could be anything)";
  		break;
  	case -ETIME:
  		errmsg = "Device does not respond";
  		break;
  	}
  	if (packet < 0) {
  		cx231xx_isocdbg("URB status %d [%s].\n", status, errmsg);
  	} else {
  		cx231xx_isocdbg("URB packet %d, status %d [%s].\n",
  				packet, status, errmsg);
  	}
  }
  
  /*
   * video-buf generic routine to get the next available buffer
   */
  static inline void get_next_buf(struct cx231xx_dmaqueue *dma_q,
  				struct cx231xx_buffer **buf)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_video_mode *vmode =
  	    container_of(dma_q, struct cx231xx_video_mode, vidq);
  	struct cx231xx *dev = container_of(vmode, struct cx231xx, video_mode);
  
  	char *outp;
  
  	if (list_empty(&dma_q->active)) {
  		cx231xx_isocdbg("No active queue to serve\n");
  		if (dev->USE_ISO)
  			dev->video_mode.isoc_ctl.buf = NULL;
  		else
  			dev->video_mode.bulk_ctl.buf = NULL;
  		*buf = NULL;
  		return;
  	}
  
  	/* Get the next buffer */
  	*buf = list_entry(dma_q->active.next, struct cx231xx_buffer, vb.queue);
  
  	/* Cleans up buffer - Useful for testing for frame/URB loss */
  	outp = videobuf_to_vmalloc(&(*buf)->vb);
  	memset(outp, 0, (*buf)->vb.size);
  
  	if (dev->USE_ISO)
  		dev->video_mode.isoc_ctl.buf = *buf;
  	else
  		dev->video_mode.bulk_ctl.buf = *buf;
  
  	return;
  }
  
  /*
   * Controls the isoc copy of each urb packet
   */
  static inline int cx231xx_isoc_copy(struct cx231xx *dev, struct urb *urb)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_dmaqueue *dma_q = urb->context;
  	int i;
  	unsigned char *p_buffer;
  	u32 bytes_parsed = 0, buffer_size = 0;
  	u8 sav_eav = 0;
  
  	if (!dev)
  		return 0;
  
  	if (dev->state & DEV_DISCONNECTED)
  		return 0;
  
  	if (urb->status < 0) {
  		print_err_status(dev, -1, urb->status);
  		if (urb->status == -ENOENT)
  			return 0;
  	}
  
  	for (i = 0; i < urb->number_of_packets; i++) {
  		int status = urb->iso_frame_desc[i].status;
  
  		if (status < 0) {
  			print_err_status(dev, i, status);
  			if (urb->iso_frame_desc[i].status != -EPROTO)
  				continue;
  		}
  
  		if (urb->iso_frame_desc[i].actual_length <= 0) {
  			/* cx231xx_isocdbg("packet %d is empty",i); - spammy */
  			continue;
  		}
  		if (urb->iso_frame_desc[i].actual_length >
  		    dev->video_mode.max_pkt_size) {
  			cx231xx_isocdbg("packet bigger than packet size");
  			continue;
  		}
  
  		/*  get buffer pointer and length */
  		p_buffer = urb->transfer_buffer + urb->iso_frame_desc[i].offset;
  		buffer_size = urb->iso_frame_desc[i].actual_length;
  		bytes_parsed = 0;
  
  		if (dma_q->is_partial_line) {
  			/* Handle the case of a partial line */
  			sav_eav = dma_q->last_sav;
  		} else {
  			/* Check for a SAV/EAV overlapping
  				the buffer boundary */
  			sav_eav =
  			    cx231xx_find_boundary_SAV_EAV(p_buffer,
  							  dma_q->partial_buf,
  							  &bytes_parsed);
  		}
  
  		sav_eav &= 0xF0;
  		/* Get the first line if we have some portion of an SAV/EAV from
  		   the last buffer or a partial line  */
  		if (sav_eav) {
  			bytes_parsed += cx231xx_get_video_line(dev, dma_q,
  				sav_eav,	/* SAV/EAV */
  				p_buffer + bytes_parsed,	/* p_buffer */
  				buffer_size - bytes_parsed);/* buf size */
  		}
  
  		/* Now parse data that is completely in this buffer */
  		/* dma_q->is_partial_line = 0;  */
  
  		while (bytes_parsed < buffer_size) {
  			u32 bytes_used = 0;
  
  			sav_eav = cx231xx_find_next_SAV_EAV(
  				p_buffer + bytes_parsed,	/* p_buffer */
  				buffer_size - bytes_parsed,	/* buf size */
  				&bytes_used);/* bytes used to get SAV/EAV */
  
  			bytes_parsed += bytes_used;
  
  			sav_eav &= 0xF0;
  			if (sav_eav && (bytes_parsed < buffer_size)) {
  				bytes_parsed += cx231xx_get_video_line(dev,
  					dma_q, sav_eav,	/* SAV/EAV */
  					p_buffer + bytes_parsed,/* p_buffer */
  					buffer_size - bytes_parsed);/*buf size*/
  			}
  		}
  
  		/* Save the last four bytes of the buffer so we can check the
  		   buffer boundary condition next time */
  		memcpy(dma_q->partial_buf, p_buffer + buffer_size - 4, 4);
  		bytes_parsed = 0;
  
  	}
  	return 1;
  }
  
  static inline int cx231xx_bulk_copy(struct cx231xx *dev, struct urb *urb)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_dmaqueue *dma_q = urb->context;
  	unsigned char *p_buffer;
  	u32 bytes_parsed = 0, buffer_size = 0;
  	u8 sav_eav = 0;
  
  	if (!dev)
  		return 0;
  
  	if (dev->state & DEV_DISCONNECTED)
  		return 0;
  
  	if (urb->status < 0) {
  		print_err_status(dev, -1, urb->status);
  		if (urb->status == -ENOENT)
  			return 0;
  	}
  
  	if (1) {
  
  		/*  get buffer pointer and length */
  		p_buffer = urb->transfer_buffer;
  		buffer_size = urb->actual_length;
  		bytes_parsed = 0;
  
  		if (dma_q->is_partial_line) {
  			/* Handle the case of a partial line */
  			sav_eav = dma_q->last_sav;
  		} else {
  			/* Check for a SAV/EAV overlapping
  				the buffer boundary */
  			sav_eav =
  			    cx231xx_find_boundary_SAV_EAV(p_buffer,
  							  dma_q->partial_buf,
  							  &bytes_parsed);
  		}
  
  		sav_eav &= 0xF0;
  		/* Get the first line if we have some portion of an SAV/EAV from
  		   the last buffer or a partial line  */
  		if (sav_eav) {
  			bytes_parsed += cx231xx_get_video_line(dev, dma_q,
  				sav_eav,	/* SAV/EAV */
  				p_buffer + bytes_parsed,	/* p_buffer */
  				buffer_size - bytes_parsed);/* buf size */
  		}
  
  		/* Now parse data that is completely in this buffer */
  		/* dma_q->is_partial_line = 0;  */
  
  		while (bytes_parsed < buffer_size) {
  			u32 bytes_used = 0;
  
  			sav_eav = cx231xx_find_next_SAV_EAV(
  				p_buffer + bytes_parsed,	/* p_buffer */
  				buffer_size - bytes_parsed,	/* buf size */
  				&bytes_used);/* bytes used to get SAV/EAV */
  
  			bytes_parsed += bytes_used;
  
  			sav_eav &= 0xF0;
  			if (sav_eav && (bytes_parsed < buffer_size)) {
  				bytes_parsed += cx231xx_get_video_line(dev,
  					dma_q, sav_eav,	/* SAV/EAV */
  					p_buffer + bytes_parsed,/* p_buffer */
  					buffer_size - bytes_parsed);/*buf size*/
  			}
  		}
  
  		/* Save the last four bytes of the buffer so we can check the
  		   buffer boundary condition next time */
  		memcpy(dma_q->partial_buf, p_buffer + buffer_size - 4, 4);
  		bytes_parsed = 0;
  
  	}
  	return 1;
  }
  
  
  u8 cx231xx_find_boundary_SAV_EAV(u8 *p_buffer, u8 *partial_buf,
  				 u32 *p_bytes_used)
  {
  	u32 bytes_used;
  	u8 boundary_bytes[8];
  	u8 sav_eav = 0;
  
  	*p_bytes_used = 0;
  
  	/* Create an array of the last 4 bytes of the last buffer and the first
  	   4 bytes of the current buffer. */
  
  	memcpy(boundary_bytes, partial_buf, 4);
  	memcpy(boundary_bytes + 4, p_buffer, 4);
  
  	/* Check for the SAV/EAV in the boundary buffer */
  	sav_eav = cx231xx_find_next_SAV_EAV((u8 *)&boundary_bytes, 8,
  					    &bytes_used);
  
  	if (sav_eav) {
  		/* found a boundary SAV/EAV.  Updates the bytes used to reflect
  		   only those used in the new buffer */
  		*p_bytes_used = bytes_used - 4;
  	}
  
  	return sav_eav;
  }
  
  u8 cx231xx_find_next_SAV_EAV(u8 *p_buffer, u32 buffer_size, u32 *p_bytes_used)
  {
  	u32 i;
  	u8 sav_eav = 0;
  
  	/*
  	 * Don't search if the buffer size is less than 4.  It causes a page
  	 * fault since buffer_size - 4 evaluates to a large number in that
  	 * case.
  	 */
  	if (buffer_size < 4) {
  		*p_bytes_used = buffer_size;
  		return 0;
  	}
  
  	for (i = 0; i < (buffer_size - 3); i++) {
  
  		if ((p_buffer[i] == 0xFF) &&
  		    (p_buffer[i + 1] == 0x00) && (p_buffer[i + 2] == 0x00)) {
  
  			*p_bytes_used = i + 4;
  			sav_eav = p_buffer[i + 3];
  			return sav_eav;
  		}
  	}
  
  	*p_bytes_used = buffer_size;
  	return 0;
  }
  
  u32 cx231xx_get_video_line(struct cx231xx *dev,
  			   struct cx231xx_dmaqueue *dma_q, u8 sav_eav,
  			   u8 *p_buffer, u32 buffer_size)
  {
  	u32 bytes_copied = 0;
  	int current_field = -1;
  
  	switch (sav_eav) {
  	case SAV_ACTIVE_VIDEO_FIELD1:
  		/* looking for skipped line which occurred in PAL 720x480 mode.
  		   In this case, there will be no active data contained
  		   between the SAV and EAV */
  		if ((buffer_size > 3) && (p_buffer[0] == 0xFF) &&
  		    (p_buffer[1] == 0x00) && (p_buffer[2] == 0x00) &&
  		    ((p_buffer[3] == EAV_ACTIVE_VIDEO_FIELD1) ||
  		     (p_buffer[3] == EAV_ACTIVE_VIDEO_FIELD2) ||
  		     (p_buffer[3] == EAV_VBLANK_FIELD1) ||
  		     (p_buffer[3] == EAV_VBLANK_FIELD2)))
  			return bytes_copied;
  		current_field = 1;
  		break;
  
  	case SAV_ACTIVE_VIDEO_FIELD2:
  		/* looking for skipped line which occurred in PAL 720x480 mode.
  		   In this case, there will be no active data contained between
  		   the SAV and EAV */
  		if ((buffer_size > 3) && (p_buffer[0] == 0xFF) &&
  		    (p_buffer[1] == 0x00) && (p_buffer[2] == 0x00) &&
  		    ((p_buffer[3] == EAV_ACTIVE_VIDEO_FIELD1) ||
  		     (p_buffer[3] == EAV_ACTIVE_VIDEO_FIELD2) ||
  		     (p_buffer[3] == EAV_VBLANK_FIELD1)       ||
  		     (p_buffer[3] == EAV_VBLANK_FIELD2)))
  			return bytes_copied;
  		current_field = 2;
  		break;
  	}
  
  	dma_q->last_sav = sav_eav;
  
  	bytes_copied = cx231xx_copy_video_line(dev, dma_q, p_buffer,
  					       buffer_size, current_field);
  
  	return bytes_copied;
  }
  
  u32 cx231xx_copy_video_line(struct cx231xx *dev,
  			    struct cx231xx_dmaqueue *dma_q, u8 *p_line,
  			    u32 length, int field_number)
  {
  	u32 bytes_to_copy;
  	struct cx231xx_buffer *buf;
  	u32 _line_size = dev->width * 2;
  
  	if (dma_q->current_field != field_number)
  		cx231xx_reset_video_buffer(dev, dma_q);
  
  	/* get the buffer pointer */
  	if (dev->USE_ISO)
  		buf = dev->video_mode.isoc_ctl.buf;
  	else
  		buf = dev->video_mode.bulk_ctl.buf;
  
  	/* Remember the field number for next time */
  	dma_q->current_field = field_number;
  
  	bytes_to_copy = dma_q->bytes_left_in_line;
  	if (bytes_to_copy > length)
  		bytes_to_copy = length;
  
  	if (dma_q->lines_completed >= dma_q->lines_per_field) {
  		dma_q->bytes_left_in_line -= bytes_to_copy;
  		dma_q->is_partial_line = (dma_q->bytes_left_in_line == 0) ?
  					  0 : 1;
  		return 0;
  	}
  
  	dma_q->is_partial_line = 1;
  
  	/* If we don't have a buffer, just return the number of bytes we would
  	   have copied if we had a buffer. */
  	if (!buf) {
  		dma_q->bytes_left_in_line -= bytes_to_copy;
  		dma_q->is_partial_line = (dma_q->bytes_left_in_line == 0)
  					 ? 0 : 1;
  		return bytes_to_copy;
  	}
  
  	/* copy the data to video buffer */
  	cx231xx_do_copy(dev, dma_q, p_line, bytes_to_copy);
  
  	dma_q->pos += bytes_to_copy;
  	dma_q->bytes_left_in_line -= bytes_to_copy;
  
  	if (dma_q->bytes_left_in_line == 0) {
  		dma_q->bytes_left_in_line = _line_size;
  		dma_q->lines_completed++;
  		dma_q->is_partial_line = 0;
  
  		if (cx231xx_is_buffer_done(dev, dma_q) && buf) {
  			buffer_filled(dev, dma_q, buf);
  
  			dma_q->pos = 0;
  			buf = NULL;
  			dma_q->lines_completed = 0;
  		}
  	}
  
  	return bytes_to_copy;
  }
  
  void cx231xx_reset_video_buffer(struct cx231xx *dev,
  				struct cx231xx_dmaqueue *dma_q)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_buffer *buf;
  
  	/* handle the switch from field 1 to field 2 */
  	if (dma_q->current_field == 1) {
  		if (dma_q->lines_completed >= dma_q->lines_per_field)
  			dma_q->field1_done = 1;
  		else
  			dma_q->field1_done = 0;
  	}
  
  	if (dev->USE_ISO)
  		buf = dev->video_mode.isoc_ctl.buf;
  	else
  		buf = dev->video_mode.bulk_ctl.buf;
  
  	if (buf == NULL) {
  		/* first try to get the buffer */
  		get_next_buf(dma_q, &buf);
  
  		dma_q->pos = 0;
  		dma_q->field1_done = 0;
  		dma_q->current_field = -1;
  	}
  
  	/* reset the counters */
  	dma_q->bytes_left_in_line = dev->width << 1;
  	dma_q->lines_completed = 0;
  }
  
  int cx231xx_do_copy(struct cx231xx *dev, struct cx231xx_dmaqueue *dma_q,
  		    u8 *p_buffer, u32 bytes_to_copy)
  {
  	u8 *p_out_buffer = NULL;
  	u32 current_line_bytes_copied = 0;
  	struct cx231xx_buffer *buf;
  	u32 _line_size = dev->width << 1;
  	void *startwrite;
  	int offset, lencopy;
  
  	if (dev->USE_ISO)
  		buf = dev->video_mode.isoc_ctl.buf;
  	else
  		buf = dev->video_mode.bulk_ctl.buf;
  
  	if (buf == NULL)
  		return -1;
  
  	p_out_buffer = videobuf_to_vmalloc(&buf->vb);
  
  	current_line_bytes_copied = _line_size - dma_q->bytes_left_in_line;
  
  	/* Offset field 2 one line from the top of the buffer */
  	offset = (dma_q->current_field == 1) ? 0 : _line_size;
  
  	/* Offset for field 2 */
  	startwrite = p_out_buffer + offset;
  
  	/* lines already completed in the current field */
  	startwrite += (dma_q->lines_completed * _line_size * 2);
  
  	/* bytes already completed in the current line */
  	startwrite += current_line_bytes_copied;
  
  	lencopy = dma_q->bytes_left_in_line > bytes_to_copy ?
  		  bytes_to_copy : dma_q->bytes_left_in_line;
  
  	if ((u8 *)(startwrite + lencopy) > (u8 *)(p_out_buffer + buf->vb.size))
  		return 0;
  
  	/* The below copies the UYVY data straight into video buffer */
  	cx231xx_swab((u16 *) p_buffer, (u16 *) startwrite, (u16) lencopy);
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  void cx231xx_swab(u16 *from, u16 *to, u16 len)
  {
  	u16 i;
  
  	if (len <= 0)
  		return;
  
  	for (i = 0; i < len / 2; i++)
  		to[i] = (from[i] << 8) | (from[i] >> 8);
  }
  
  u8 cx231xx_is_buffer_done(struct cx231xx *dev, struct cx231xx_dmaqueue *dma_q)
  {
  	u8 buffer_complete = 0;
  
  	/* Dual field stream */
  	buffer_complete = ((dma_q->current_field == 2) &&
  			   (dma_q->lines_completed >= dma_q->lines_per_field) &&
  			    dma_q->field1_done);
  
  	return buffer_complete;
  }
  
  /* ------------------------------------------------------------------
  	Videobuf operations
     ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
  
  static int
  buffer_setup(struct videobuf_queue *vq, unsigned int *count, unsigned int *size)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = vq->priv_data;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  
  	*size = (fh->dev->width * fh->dev->height * dev->format->depth + 7)>>3;
  	if (0 == *count)
  		*count = CX231XX_DEF_BUF;
  
  	if (*count < CX231XX_MIN_BUF)
  		*count = CX231XX_MIN_BUF;
  
  
  	cx231xx_enable_analog_tuner(dev);
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  /* This is called *without* dev->slock held; please keep it that way */
  static void free_buffer(struct videobuf_queue *vq, struct cx231xx_buffer *buf)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = vq->priv_data;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	unsigned long flags = 0;
  
  	BUG_ON(in_interrupt());
  
  	/* We used to wait for the buffer to finish here, but this didn't work
  	   because, as we were keeping the state as VIDEOBUF_QUEUED,
  	   videobuf_queue_cancel marked it as finished for us.
  	   (Also, it could wedge forever if the hardware was misconfigured.)
  
  	   This should be safe; by the time we get here, the buffer isn't
  	   queued anymore. If we ever start marking the buffers as
  	   VIDEOBUF_ACTIVE, it won't be, though.
  	 */
  	spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->video_mode.slock, flags);
  	if (dev->USE_ISO) {
  		if (dev->video_mode.isoc_ctl.buf == buf)
  			dev->video_mode.isoc_ctl.buf = NULL;
  	} else {
  		if (dev->video_mode.bulk_ctl.buf == buf)
  			dev->video_mode.bulk_ctl.buf = NULL;
  	}
  	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->video_mode.slock, flags);
  
  	videobuf_vmalloc_free(&buf->vb);
  	buf->vb.state = VIDEOBUF_NEEDS_INIT;
  }
  
  static int
  buffer_prepare(struct videobuf_queue *vq, struct videobuf_buffer *vb,
  	       enum v4l2_field field)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = vq->priv_data;
  	struct cx231xx_buffer *buf =
  	    container_of(vb, struct cx231xx_buffer, vb);
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	int rc = 0, urb_init = 0;
  
  	/* The only currently supported format is 16 bits/pixel */
  	buf->vb.size = (fh->dev->width * fh->dev->height * dev->format->depth
  			+ 7) >> 3;
  	if (0 != buf->vb.baddr && buf->vb.bsize < buf->vb.size)
  		return -EINVAL;
  
  	buf->vb.width = dev->width;
  	buf->vb.height = dev->height;
  	buf->vb.field = field;
  
  	if (VIDEOBUF_NEEDS_INIT == buf->vb.state) {
  		rc = videobuf_iolock(vq, &buf->vb, NULL);
  		if (rc < 0)
  			goto fail;
  	}
  
  	if (dev->USE_ISO) {
  		if (!dev->video_mode.isoc_ctl.num_bufs)
  			urb_init = 1;
  	} else {
  		if (!dev->video_mode.bulk_ctl.num_bufs)
  			urb_init = 1;
  	}
  	dev_dbg(dev->dev,
  		"urb_init=%d dev->video_mode.max_pkt_size=%d\n",
  		urb_init, dev->video_mode.max_pkt_size);
  	if (urb_init) {
  		dev->mode_tv = 0;
  		if (dev->USE_ISO)
  			rc = cx231xx_init_isoc(dev, CX231XX_NUM_PACKETS,
  				       CX231XX_NUM_BUFS,
  				       dev->video_mode.max_pkt_size,
  				       cx231xx_isoc_copy);
  		else
  			rc = cx231xx_init_bulk(dev, CX231XX_NUM_PACKETS,
  				       CX231XX_NUM_BUFS,
  				       dev->video_mode.max_pkt_size,
  				       cx231xx_bulk_copy);
  		if (rc < 0)
  			goto fail;
  	}
  
  	buf->vb.state = VIDEOBUF_PREPARED;
  
  	return 0;
  
  fail:
  	free_buffer(vq, buf);
  	return rc;
  }
  
  static void buffer_queue(struct videobuf_queue *vq, struct videobuf_buffer *vb)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_buffer *buf =
  	    container_of(vb, struct cx231xx_buffer, vb);
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = vq->priv_data;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	struct cx231xx_dmaqueue *vidq = &dev->video_mode.vidq;
  
  	buf->vb.state = VIDEOBUF_QUEUED;
  	list_add_tail(&buf->vb.queue, &vidq->active);
  
  }
  
  static void buffer_release(struct videobuf_queue *vq,
  			   struct videobuf_buffer *vb)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_buffer *buf =
  	    container_of(vb, struct cx231xx_buffer, vb);
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = vq->priv_data;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = (struct cx231xx *)fh->dev;
  
  	cx231xx_isocdbg("cx231xx: called buffer_release\n");
  
  	free_buffer(vq, buf);
  }
  
  static struct videobuf_queue_ops cx231xx_video_qops = {
  	.buf_setup = buffer_setup,
  	.buf_prepare = buffer_prepare,
  	.buf_queue = buffer_queue,
  	.buf_release = buffer_release,
  };
  
  /*********************  v4l2 interface  **************************************/
  
  void video_mux(struct cx231xx *dev, int index)
  {
  	if (is_model_avermedia_h837_series(dev->model))
  		return;
  	dev->video_input = index;
  	dev->ctl_ainput = INPUT(index)->amux;
  
  	cx231xx_set_video_input_mux(dev, index);
  
  	cx25840_call(dev, video, s_routing, INPUT(index)->vmux, 0, 0);
  
  	cx231xx_set_audio_input(dev, dev->ctl_ainput);
  
  	dev_dbg(dev->dev, "video_mux : %d\n", index);
  
  	/* do mode control overrides if required */
  	cx231xx_do_mode_ctrl_overrides(dev);
  }
  
  /* Usage lock check functions */
  static int res_get(struct cx231xx_fh *fh)
  {
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	int rc = 0;
  
  	/* This instance already has stream_on */
  	if (fh->stream_on)
  		return rc;
  
  	if (fh->type == V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE) {
  		if (dev->stream_on)
  			return -EBUSY;
  		dev->stream_on = 1;
  	} else if (fh->type == V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_CAPTURE) {
  		if (dev->vbi_stream_on)
  			return -EBUSY;
  		dev->vbi_stream_on = 1;
  	} else
  		return -EINVAL;
  
  	fh->stream_on = 1;
  
  	return rc;
  }
  
  static int res_check(struct cx231xx_fh *fh)
  {
  	return fh->stream_on;
  }
  
  static void res_free(struct cx231xx_fh *fh)
  {
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  
  	fh->stream_on = 0;
  
  	if (fh->type == V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE)
  		dev->stream_on = 0;
  	if (fh->type == V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_CAPTURE)
  		dev->vbi_stream_on = 0;
  }
  
  static int check_dev(struct cx231xx *dev)
  {
  	if (dev->state & DEV_DISCONNECTED) {
  		dev_err(dev->dev, "v4l2 ioctl: device not present\n");
  		return -ENODEV;
  	}
  	return 0;
  }
  
  /* ------------------------------------------------------------------
  	IOCTL vidioc handling
     ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
  
  static int vidioc_g_fmt_vid_cap(struct file *file, void *priv,
  				struct v4l2_format *f)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  
  	f->fmt.pix.width = dev->width;
  	f->fmt.pix.height = dev->height;
  	f->fmt.pix.pixelformat = dev->format->fourcc;
  	f->fmt.pix.bytesperline = (dev->width * dev->format->depth + 7) >> 3;
  	f->fmt.pix.sizeimage = f->fmt.pix.bytesperline * dev->height;
  	f->fmt.pix.colorspace = V4L2_COLORSPACE_SMPTE170M;
  
  	f->fmt.pix.field = V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED;
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static struct cx231xx_fmt *format_by_fourcc(unsigned int fourcc)
  {
  	unsigned int i;
  
  	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(format); i++)
  		if (format[i].fourcc == fourcc)
  			return &format[i];
  
  	return NULL;
  }
  
  static int vidioc_try_fmt_vid_cap(struct file *file, void *priv,
  				  struct v4l2_format *f)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	unsigned int width = f->fmt.pix.width;
  	unsigned int height = f->fmt.pix.height;
  	unsigned int maxw = norm_maxw(dev);
  	unsigned int maxh = norm_maxh(dev);
  	struct cx231xx_fmt *fmt;
  
  	fmt = format_by_fourcc(f->fmt.pix.pixelformat);
  	if (!fmt) {
  		cx231xx_videodbg("Fourcc format (%08x) invalid.\n",
  				 f->fmt.pix.pixelformat);
  		return -EINVAL;
  	}
  
  	/* width must even because of the YUYV format
  	   height must be even because of interlacing */
  	v4l_bound_align_image(&width, 48, maxw, 1, &height, 32, maxh, 1, 0);
  
  	f->fmt.pix.width = width;
  	f->fmt.pix.height = height;
  	f->fmt.pix.pixelformat = fmt->fourcc;
  	f->fmt.pix.bytesperline = (width * fmt->depth + 7) >> 3;
  	f->fmt.pix.sizeimage = f->fmt.pix.bytesperline * height;
  	f->fmt.pix.colorspace = V4L2_COLORSPACE_SMPTE170M;
  	f->fmt.pix.field = V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED;
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int vidioc_s_fmt_vid_cap(struct file *file, void *priv,
  				struct v4l2_format *f)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	int rc;
  	struct cx231xx_fmt *fmt;
  	struct v4l2_subdev_format format = {
  		.which = V4L2_SUBDEV_FORMAT_ACTIVE,
  	};
  
  	rc = check_dev(dev);
  	if (rc < 0)
  		return rc;
  
  	vidioc_try_fmt_vid_cap(file, priv, f);
  
  	fmt = format_by_fourcc(f->fmt.pix.pixelformat);
  	if (!fmt)
  		return -EINVAL;
  
  	if (videobuf_queue_is_busy(&fh->vb_vidq)) {
  		dev_err(dev->dev, "%s: queue busy\n", __func__);
  		return -EBUSY;
  	}
  
  	if (dev->stream_on && !fh->stream_on) {
  		dev_err(dev->dev,
  			"%s: device in use by another fh\n", __func__);
  		return -EBUSY;
  	}
  
  	/* set new image size */
  	dev->width = f->fmt.pix.width;
  	dev->height = f->fmt.pix.height;
  	dev->format = fmt;
  
  	v4l2_fill_mbus_format(&format.format, &f->fmt.pix, MEDIA_BUS_FMT_FIXED);
  	call_all(dev, pad, set_fmt, NULL, &format);
  	v4l2_fill_pix_format(&f->fmt.pix, &format.format);
  
  	return rc;
  }
  
  static int vidioc_g_std(struct file *file, void *priv, v4l2_std_id *id)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  
  	*id = dev->norm;
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int vidioc_s_std(struct file *file, void *priv, v4l2_std_id norm)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	struct v4l2_subdev_format format = {
  		.which = V4L2_SUBDEV_FORMAT_ACTIVE,
  	};
  	int rc;
  
  	rc = check_dev(dev);
  	if (rc < 0)
  		return rc;
  
  	if (dev->norm == norm)
  		return 0;
  
  	if (videobuf_queue_is_busy(&fh->vb_vidq))
  		return -EBUSY;
  
  	dev->norm = norm;
  
  	/* Adjusts width/height, if needed */
  	dev->width = 720;
  	dev->height = (dev->norm & V4L2_STD_625_50) ? 576 : 480;
  
  	call_all(dev, video, s_std, dev->norm);
  
  	/* We need to reset basic properties in the decoder related to
  	   resolution (since a standard change effects things like the number
  	   of lines in VACT, etc) */
  	format.format.code = MEDIA_BUS_FMT_FIXED;
  	format.format.width = dev->width;
  	format.format.height = dev->height;
  	call_all(dev, pad, set_fmt, NULL, &format);
  
  	/* do mode control overrides */
  	cx231xx_do_mode_ctrl_overrides(dev);
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static const char *iname[] = {
  	[CX231XX_VMUX_COMPOSITE1] = "Composite1",
  	[CX231XX_VMUX_SVIDEO]     = "S-Video",
  	[CX231XX_VMUX_TELEVISION] = "Television",
  	[CX231XX_VMUX_CABLE]      = "Cable TV",
  	[CX231XX_VMUX_DVB]        = "DVB",
  };
  
  void cx231xx_v4l2_create_entities(struct cx231xx *dev)
  {
  #if defined(CONFIG_MEDIA_CONTROLLER)
  	int ret, i;
  
  	/* Create entities for each input connector */
  	for (i = 0; i < MAX_CX231XX_INPUT; i++) {
  		struct media_entity *ent = &dev->input_ent[i];
  
  		if (!INPUT(i)->type)
  			break;
  
  		ent->name = iname[INPUT(i)->type];
  		ent->flags = MEDIA_ENT_FL_CONNECTOR;
  		dev->input_pad[i].flags = MEDIA_PAD_FL_SOURCE;
  
  		switch (INPUT(i)->type) {
  		case CX231XX_VMUX_COMPOSITE1:
  			ent->function = MEDIA_ENT_F_CONN_COMPOSITE;
  			break;
  		case CX231XX_VMUX_SVIDEO:
  			ent->function = MEDIA_ENT_F_CONN_SVIDEO;
  			break;
  		case CX231XX_VMUX_TELEVISION:
  		case CX231XX_VMUX_CABLE:
  		case CX231XX_VMUX_DVB:
  			/* The DVB core will handle it */
  			if (dev->tuner_type == TUNER_ABSENT)
  				continue;
  			/* fall though */
  		default: /* just to shut up a gcc warning */
  			ent->function = MEDIA_ENT_F_CONN_RF;
  			break;
  		}
  
  		ret = media_entity_pads_init(ent, 1, &dev->input_pad[i]);
  		if (ret < 0)
  			pr_err("failed to initialize input pad[%d]!\n", i);
  
  		ret = media_device_register_entity(dev->media_dev, ent);
  		if (ret < 0)
  			pr_err("failed to register input entity %d!\n", i);
  	}
  #endif
  }
  
  int cx231xx_enum_input(struct file *file, void *priv,
  			     struct v4l2_input *i)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	u32 gen_stat;
  	unsigned int n;
  	int ret;
  
  	n = i->index;
  	if (n >= MAX_CX231XX_INPUT)
  		return -EINVAL;
  	if (0 == INPUT(n)->type)
  		return -EINVAL;
  
  	i->index = n;
  	i->type = V4L2_INPUT_TYPE_CAMERA;
  
  	strcpy(i->name, iname[INPUT(n)->type]);
  
  	if ((CX231XX_VMUX_TELEVISION == INPUT(n)->type) ||
  	    (CX231XX_VMUX_CABLE == INPUT(n)->type))
  		i->type = V4L2_INPUT_TYPE_TUNER;
  
  	i->std = dev->vdev.tvnorms;
  
  	/* If they are asking about the active input, read signal status */
  	if (n == dev->video_input) {
  		ret = cx231xx_read_i2c_data(dev, VID_BLK_I2C_ADDRESS,
  					    GEN_STAT, 2, &gen_stat, 4);
  		if (ret > 0) {
  			if ((gen_stat & FLD_VPRES) == 0x00)
  				i->status |= V4L2_IN_ST_NO_SIGNAL;
  			if ((gen_stat & FLD_HLOCK) == 0x00)
  				i->status |= V4L2_IN_ST_NO_H_LOCK;
  		}
  	}
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  int cx231xx_g_input(struct file *file, void *priv, unsigned int *i)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  
  	*i = dev->video_input;
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  int cx231xx_s_input(struct file *file, void *priv, unsigned int i)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	int rc;
  
  	dev->mode_tv = 0;
  	rc = check_dev(dev);
  	if (rc < 0)
  		return rc;
  
  	if (i >= MAX_CX231XX_INPUT)
  		return -EINVAL;
  	if (0 == INPUT(i)->type)
  		return -EINVAL;
  
  	video_mux(dev, i);
  
  	if (INPUT(i)->type == CX231XX_VMUX_TELEVISION ||
  	    INPUT(i)->type == CX231XX_VMUX_CABLE) {
  		/* There's a tuner, so reset the standard and put it on the
  		   last known frequency (since it was probably powered down
  		   until now */
  		call_all(dev, video, s_std, dev->norm);
  	}
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  int cx231xx_g_tuner(struct file *file, void *priv, struct v4l2_tuner *t)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	int rc;
  
  	rc = check_dev(dev);
  	if (rc < 0)
  		return rc;
  
  	if (0 != t->index)
  		return -EINVAL;
  
  	strcpy(t->name, "Tuner");
  
  	t->type = V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV;
  	t->capability = V4L2_TUNER_CAP_NORM;
  	t->rangehigh = 0xffffffffUL;
  	t->signal = 0xffff;	/* LOCKED */
  	call_all(dev, tuner, g_tuner, t);
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  int cx231xx_s_tuner(struct file *file, void *priv, const struct v4l2_tuner *t)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	int rc;
  
  	rc = check_dev(dev);
  	if (rc < 0)
  		return rc;
  
  	if (0 != t->index)
  		return -EINVAL;
  #if 0
  	call_all(dev, tuner, s_tuner, t);
  #endif
  	return 0;
  }
  
  int cx231xx_g_frequency(struct file *file, void *priv,
  			      struct v4l2_frequency *f)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  
  	if (f->tuner)
  		return -EINVAL;
  
  	f->frequency = dev->ctl_freq;
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  int cx231xx_s_frequency(struct file *file, void *priv,
  			      const struct v4l2_frequency *f)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	struct v4l2_frequency new_freq = *f;
  	int rc;
  	u32 if_frequency = 5400000;
  
  	dev_dbg(dev->dev,
  		"Enter vidioc_s_frequency()f->frequency=%d;f->type=%d\n",
  		f->frequency, f->type);
  
  	rc = check_dev(dev);
  	if (rc < 0)
  		return rc;
  
  	if (0 != f->tuner)
  		return -EINVAL;
  
  	/* set pre channel change settings in DIF first */
  	rc = cx231xx_tuner_pre_channel_change(dev);
  
  	call_all(dev, tuner, s_frequency, f);
  	call_all(dev, tuner, g_frequency, &new_freq);
  	dev->ctl_freq = new_freq.frequency;
  
  	/* set post channel change settings in DIF first */
  	rc = cx231xx_tuner_post_channel_change(dev);
  
  	if (dev->tuner_type == TUNER_NXP_TDA18271) {
  		if (dev->norm & (V4L2_STD_MN | V4L2_STD_NTSC_443))
  			if_frequency = 5400000;  /*5.4MHz	*/
  		else if (dev->norm & V4L2_STD_B)
  			if_frequency = 6000000;  /*6.0MHz	*/
  		else if (dev->norm & (V4L2_STD_PAL_DK | V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK))
  			if_frequency = 6900000;  /*6.9MHz	*/
  		else if (dev->norm & V4L2_STD_GH)
  			if_frequency = 7100000;  /*7.1MHz	*/
  		else if (dev->norm & V4L2_STD_PAL_I)
  			if_frequency = 7250000;  /*7.25MHz	*/
  		else if (dev->norm & V4L2_STD_SECAM_L)
  			if_frequency = 6900000;  /*6.9MHz	*/
  		else if (dev->norm & V4L2_STD_SECAM_LC)
  			if_frequency = 1250000;  /*1.25MHz	*/
  
  		dev_dbg(dev->dev,
  			"if_frequency is set to %d\n", if_frequency);
  		cx231xx_set_Colibri_For_LowIF(dev, if_frequency, 1, 1);
  
  		update_HH_register_after_set_DIF(dev);
  	}
  
  	dev_dbg(dev->dev, "Set New FREQUENCY to %d\n", f->frequency);
  
  	return rc;
  }
  
  #ifdef CONFIG_VIDEO_ADV_DEBUG
  
  int cx231xx_g_chip_info(struct file *file, void *fh,
  			struct v4l2_dbg_chip_info *chip)
  {
  	switch (chip->match.addr) {
  	case 0:	/* Cx231xx - internal registers */
  		return 0;
  	case 1:	/* AFE - read byte */
  		strlcpy(chip->name, "AFE (byte)", sizeof(chip->name));
  		return 0;
  	case 2:	/* Video Block - read byte */
  		strlcpy(chip->name, "Video (byte)", sizeof(chip->name));
  		return 0;
  	case 3:	/* I2S block - read byte */
  		strlcpy(chip->name, "I2S (byte)", sizeof(chip->name));
  		return 0;
  	case 4: /* AFE - read dword */
  		strlcpy(chip->name, "AFE (dword)", sizeof(chip->name));
  		return 0;
  	case 5: /* Video Block - read dword */
  		strlcpy(chip->name, "Video (dword)", sizeof(chip->name));
  		return 0;
  	case 6: /* I2S Block - read dword */
  		strlcpy(chip->name, "I2S (dword)", sizeof(chip->name));
  		return 0;
  	}
  	return -EINVAL;
  }
  
  int cx231xx_g_register(struct file *file, void *priv,
  			     struct v4l2_dbg_register *reg)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	int ret;
  	u8 value[4] = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
  	u32 data = 0;
  
  	switch (reg->match.addr) {
  	case 0:	/* Cx231xx - internal registers */
  		ret = cx231xx_read_ctrl_reg(dev, VRT_GET_REGISTER,
  				(u16)reg->reg, value, 4);
  		reg->val = value[0] | value[1] << 8 |
  			value[2] << 16 | value[3] << 24;
  		reg->size = 4;
  		break;
  	case 1:	/* AFE - read byte */
  		ret = cx231xx_read_i2c_data(dev, AFE_DEVICE_ADDRESS,
  				(u16)reg->reg, 2, &data, 1);
  		reg->val = data;
  		reg->size = 1;
  		break;
  	case 2:	/* Video Block - read byte */
  		ret = cx231xx_read_i2c_data(dev, VID_BLK_I2C_ADDRESS,
  				(u16)reg->reg, 2, &data, 1);
  		reg->val = data;
  		reg->size = 1;
  		break;
  	case 3:	/* I2S block - read byte */
  		ret = cx231xx_read_i2c_data(dev, I2S_BLK_DEVICE_ADDRESS,
  				(u16)reg->reg, 1, &data, 1);
  		reg->val = data;
  		reg->size = 1;
  		break;
  	case 4: /* AFE - read dword */
  		ret = cx231xx_read_i2c_data(dev, AFE_DEVICE_ADDRESS,
  				(u16)reg->reg, 2, &data, 4);
  		reg->val = data;
  		reg->size = 4;
  		break;
  	case 5: /* Video Block - read dword */
  		ret = cx231xx_read_i2c_data(dev, VID_BLK_I2C_ADDRESS,
  				(u16)reg->reg, 2, &data, 4);
  		reg->val = data;
  		reg->size = 4;
  		break;
  	case 6: /* I2S Block - read dword */
  		ret = cx231xx_read_i2c_data(dev, I2S_BLK_DEVICE_ADDRESS,
  				(u16)reg->reg, 1, &data, 4);
  		reg->val = data;
  		reg->size = 4;
  		break;
  	default:
  		return -EINVAL;
  	}
  	return ret < 0 ? ret : 0;
  }
  
  int cx231xx_s_register(struct file *file, void *priv,
  			     const struct v4l2_dbg_register *reg)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	int ret;
  	u8 data[4] = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
  
  	switch (reg->match.addr) {
  	case 0:	/* cx231xx internal registers */
  		data[0] = (u8) reg->val;
  		data[1] = (u8) (reg->val >> 8);
  		data[2] = (u8) (reg->val >> 16);
  		data[3] = (u8) (reg->val >> 24);
  		ret = cx231xx_write_ctrl_reg(dev, VRT_SET_REGISTER,
  				(u16)reg->reg, data, 4);
  		break;
  	case 1:	/* AFE - write byte */
  		ret = cx231xx_write_i2c_data(dev, AFE_DEVICE_ADDRESS,
  				(u16)reg->reg, 2, reg->val, 1);
  		break;
  	case 2:	/* Video Block - write byte */
  		ret = cx231xx_write_i2c_data(dev, VID_BLK_I2C_ADDRESS,
  				(u16)reg->reg, 2, reg->val, 1);
  		break;
  	case 3:	/* I2S block - write byte */
  		ret = cx231xx_write_i2c_data(dev, I2S_BLK_DEVICE_ADDRESS,
  				(u16)reg->reg, 1, reg->val, 1);
  		break;
  	case 4: /* AFE - write dword */
  		ret = cx231xx_write_i2c_data(dev, AFE_DEVICE_ADDRESS,
  				(u16)reg->reg, 2, reg->val, 4);
  		break;
  	case 5: /* Video Block - write dword */
  		ret = cx231xx_write_i2c_data(dev, VID_BLK_I2C_ADDRESS,
  				(u16)reg->reg, 2, reg->val, 4);
  		break;
  	case 6: /* I2S block - write dword */
  		ret = cx231xx_write_i2c_data(dev, I2S_BLK_DEVICE_ADDRESS,
  				(u16)reg->reg, 1, reg->val, 4);
  		break;
  	default:
  		return -EINVAL;
  	}
  	return ret < 0 ? ret : 0;
  }
  #endif
  
  static int vidioc_cropcap(struct file *file, void *priv,
  			  struct v4l2_cropcap *cc)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	bool is_50hz = dev->norm & V4L2_STD_625_50;
  
  	if (cc->type != V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE)
  		return -EINVAL;
  
  	cc->bounds.left = 0;
  	cc->bounds.top = 0;
  	cc->bounds.width = dev->width;
  	cc->bounds.height = dev->height;
  	cc->defrect = cc->bounds;
  	cc->pixelaspect.numerator = is_50hz ? 54 : 11;
  	cc->pixelaspect.denominator = is_50hz ? 59 : 10;
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int vidioc_streamon(struct file *file, void *priv,
  			   enum v4l2_buf_type type)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	int rc;
  
  	rc = check_dev(dev);
  	if (rc < 0)
  		return rc;
  
  	rc = res_get(fh);
  
  	if (likely(rc >= 0))
  		rc = videobuf_streamon(&fh->vb_vidq);
  
  	call_all(dev, video, s_stream, 1);
  
  	return rc;
  }
  
  static int vidioc_streamoff(struct file *file, void *priv,
  			    enum v4l2_buf_type type)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	int rc;
  
  	rc = check_dev(dev);
  	if (rc < 0)
  		return rc;
  
  	if (type != fh->type)
  		return -EINVAL;
  
  	cx25840_call(dev, video, s_stream, 0);
  
  	videobuf_streamoff(&fh->vb_vidq);
  	res_free(fh);
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  int cx231xx_querycap(struct file *file, void *priv,
  			   struct v4l2_capability *cap)
  {
  	struct video_device *vdev = video_devdata(file);
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  
  	strlcpy(cap->driver, "cx231xx", sizeof(cap->driver));
  	strlcpy(cap->card, cx231xx_boards[dev->model].name, sizeof(cap->card));
  	usb_make_path(dev->udev, cap->bus_info, sizeof(cap->bus_info));
  
  	if (vdev->vfl_type == VFL_TYPE_RADIO)
  		cap->device_caps = V4L2_CAP_RADIO;
  	else {
  		cap->device_caps = V4L2_CAP_READWRITE | V4L2_CAP_STREAMING;
  		if (vdev->vfl_type == VFL_TYPE_VBI)
  			cap->device_caps |= V4L2_CAP_VBI_CAPTURE;
  		else
  			cap->device_caps |= V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
  	}
  	if (dev->tuner_type != TUNER_ABSENT)
  		cap->device_caps |= V4L2_CAP_TUNER;
  	cap->capabilities = cap->device_caps | V4L2_CAP_READWRITE |
  		V4L2_CAP_VBI_CAPTURE | V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_CAPTURE |
  		V4L2_CAP_STREAMING | V4L2_CAP_DEVICE_CAPS;
  	if (video_is_registered(&dev->radio_dev))
  		cap->capabilities |= V4L2_CAP_RADIO;
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int vidioc_enum_fmt_vid_cap(struct file *file, void *priv,
  				   struct v4l2_fmtdesc *f)
  {
  	if (unlikely(f->index >= ARRAY_SIZE(format)))
  		return -EINVAL;
  
  	strlcpy(f->description, format[f->index].name, sizeof(f->description));
  	f->pixelformat = format[f->index].fourcc;
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  /* RAW VBI ioctls */
  
  static int vidioc_g_fmt_vbi_cap(struct file *file, void *priv,
  				struct v4l2_format *f)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  
  	f->fmt.vbi.sampling_rate = 6750000 * 4;
  	f->fmt.vbi.samples_per_line = VBI_LINE_LENGTH;
  	f->fmt.vbi.sample_format = V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY;
  	f->fmt.vbi.offset = 0;
  	f->fmt.vbi.start[0] = (dev->norm & V4L2_STD_625_50) ?
  	    PAL_VBI_START_LINE : NTSC_VBI_START_LINE;
  	f->fmt.vbi.count[0] = (dev->norm & V4L2_STD_625_50) ?
  	    PAL_VBI_LINES : NTSC_VBI_LINES;
  	f->fmt.vbi.start[1] = (dev->norm & V4L2_STD_625_50) ?
  	    PAL_VBI_START_LINE + 312 : NTSC_VBI_START_LINE + 263;
  	f->fmt.vbi.count[1] = f->fmt.vbi.count[0];
  	memset(f->fmt.vbi.reserved, 0, sizeof(f->fmt.vbi.reserved));
  
  	return 0;
  
  }
  
  static int vidioc_try_fmt_vbi_cap(struct file *file, void *priv,
  				  struct v4l2_format *f)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  
  	f->fmt.vbi.sampling_rate = 6750000 * 4;
  	f->fmt.vbi.samples_per_line = VBI_LINE_LENGTH;
  	f->fmt.vbi.sample_format = V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY;
  	f->fmt.vbi.offset = 0;
  	f->fmt.vbi.flags = 0;
  	f->fmt.vbi.start[0] = (dev->norm & V4L2_STD_625_50) ?
  	    PAL_VBI_START_LINE : NTSC_VBI_START_LINE;
  	f->fmt.vbi.count[0] = (dev->norm & V4L2_STD_625_50) ?
  	    PAL_VBI_LINES : NTSC_VBI_LINES;
  	f->fmt.vbi.start[1] = (dev->norm & V4L2_STD_625_50) ?
  	    PAL_VBI_START_LINE + 312 : NTSC_VBI_START_LINE + 263;
  	f->fmt.vbi.count[1] = f->fmt.vbi.count[0];
  	memset(f->fmt.vbi.reserved, 0, sizeof(f->fmt.vbi.reserved));
  
  	return 0;
  
  }
  
  static int vidioc_s_fmt_vbi_cap(struct file *file, void *priv,
  				  struct v4l2_format *f)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  
  	if (dev->vbi_stream_on && !fh->stream_on) {
  		dev_err(dev->dev,
  			"%s device in use by another fh\n", __func__);
  		return -EBUSY;
  	}
  	return vidioc_try_fmt_vbi_cap(file, priv, f);
  }
  
  static int vidioc_reqbufs(struct file *file, void *priv,
  			  struct v4l2_requestbuffers *rb)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	int rc;
  
  	rc = check_dev(dev);
  	if (rc < 0)
  		return rc;
  
  	return videobuf_reqbufs(&fh->vb_vidq, rb);
  }
  
  static int vidioc_querybuf(struct file *file, void *priv, struct v4l2_buffer *b)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	int rc;
  
  	rc = check_dev(dev);
  	if (rc < 0)
  		return rc;
  
  	return videobuf_querybuf(&fh->vb_vidq, b);
  }
  
  static int vidioc_qbuf(struct file *file, void *priv, struct v4l2_buffer *b)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	int rc;
  
  	rc = check_dev(dev);
  	if (rc < 0)
  		return rc;
  
  	return videobuf_qbuf(&fh->vb_vidq, b);
  }
  
  static int vidioc_dqbuf(struct file *file, void *priv, struct v4l2_buffer *b)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = priv;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	int rc;
  
  	rc = check_dev(dev);
  	if (rc < 0)
  		return rc;
  
  	return videobuf_dqbuf(&fh->vb_vidq, b, file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
  }
  
  /* ----------------------------------------------------------- */
  /* RADIO ESPECIFIC IOCTLS                                      */
  /* ----------------------------------------------------------- */
  
  static int radio_g_tuner(struct file *file, void *priv, struct v4l2_tuner *t)
  {
  	struct cx231xx *dev = ((struct cx231xx_fh *)priv)->dev;
  
  	if (t->index)
  		return -EINVAL;
  
  	strcpy(t->name, "Radio");
  
  	call_all(dev, tuner, g_tuner, t);
  
  	return 0;
  }
  static int radio_s_tuner(struct file *file, void *priv, const struct v4l2_tuner *t)
  {
  	struct cx231xx *dev = ((struct cx231xx_fh *)priv)->dev;
  
  	if (t->index)
  		return -EINVAL;
  
  	call_all(dev, tuner, s_tuner, t);
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  /*
   * cx231xx_v4l2_open()
   * inits the device and starts isoc transfer
   */
  static int cx231xx_v4l2_open(struct file *filp)
  {
  	int radio = 0, errCode = 0;
  	struct video_device *vdev = video_devdata(filp);
  	struct cx231xx *dev = video_drvdata(filp);
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh;
  	enum v4l2_buf_type fh_type = 0;
  
  	switch (vdev->vfl_type) {
  	case VFL_TYPE_GRABBER:
  		fh_type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
  		break;
  	case VFL_TYPE_VBI:
  		fh_type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_CAPTURE;
  		break;
  	case VFL_TYPE_RADIO:
  		radio = 1;
  		break;
  	}
  
  	cx231xx_videodbg("open dev=%s type=%s users=%d\n",
  			 video_device_node_name(vdev), v4l2_type_names[fh_type],
  			 dev->users);
  
  	errCode = cx231xx_set_mode(dev, CX231XX_ANALOG_MODE);
  	if (errCode < 0) {
  		dev_err(dev->dev,
  			"Device locked on digital mode. Can't open analog\n");
  		return -EBUSY;
  	}
  
  	fh = kzalloc(sizeof(struct cx231xx_fh), GFP_KERNEL);
  	if (!fh)
  		return -ENOMEM;
  	if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&dev->lock)) {
  		kfree(fh);
  		return -ERESTARTSYS;
  	}
  	fh->dev = dev;
  	fh->type = fh_type;
  	filp->private_data = fh;
  	v4l2_fh_init(&fh->fh, vdev);
  
  	if (fh->type == V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE && dev->users == 0) {
  		/* Power up in Analog TV mode */
  		if (dev->board.external_av)
  			cx231xx_set_power_mode(dev,
  				 POLARIS_AVMODE_ENXTERNAL_AV);
  		else
  			cx231xx_set_power_mode(dev, POLARIS_AVMODE_ANALOGT_TV);
  
  #if 0
  		cx231xx_set_mode(dev, CX231XX_ANALOG_MODE);
  #endif
  
  		/* set video alternate setting */
  		cx231xx_set_video_alternate(dev);
  
  		/* Needed, since GPIO might have disabled power of
  		   some i2c device */
  		cx231xx_config_i2c(dev);
  
  		/* device needs to be initialized before isoc transfer */
  		dev->video_input = dev->video_input > 2 ? 2 : dev->video_input;
  
  	}
  	if (radio) {
  		cx231xx_videodbg("video_open: setting radio device\n");
  
  		/* cx231xx_start_radio(dev); */
  
  		call_all(dev, tuner, s_radio);
  	}
  
  	dev->users++;
  
  	if (fh->type == V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE)
  		videobuf_queue_vmalloc_init(&fh->vb_vidq, &cx231xx_video_qops,
  					    NULL, &dev->video_mode.slock,
  					    fh->type, V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED,
  					    sizeof(struct cx231xx_buffer),
  					    fh, &dev->lock);
  	if (fh->type == V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_CAPTURE) {
  		/* Set the required alternate setting  VBI interface works in
  		   Bulk mode only */
  		cx231xx_set_alt_setting(dev, INDEX_VANC, 0);
  
  		videobuf_queue_vmalloc_init(&fh->vb_vidq, &cx231xx_vbi_qops,
  					    NULL, &dev->vbi_mode.slock,
  					    fh->type, V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_TB,
  					    sizeof(struct cx231xx_buffer),
  					    fh, &dev->lock);
  	}
  	mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
  	v4l2_fh_add(&fh->fh);
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  /*
   * cx231xx_realease_resources()
   * unregisters the v4l2,i2c and usb devices
   * called when the device gets disconected or at module unload
  */
  void cx231xx_release_analog_resources(struct cx231xx *dev)
  {
  
  	/*FIXME: I2C IR should be disconnected */
  
  	if (video_is_registered(&dev->radio_dev))
  		video_unregister_device(&dev->radio_dev);
  	if (video_is_registered(&dev->vbi_dev)) {
  		dev_info(dev->dev, "V4L2 device %s deregistered\n",
  			video_device_node_name(&dev->vbi_dev));
  		video_unregister_device(&dev->vbi_dev);
  	}
  	if (video_is_registered(&dev->vdev)) {
  		dev_info(dev->dev, "V4L2 device %s deregistered\n",
  			video_device_node_name(&dev->vdev));
  
  		if (dev->board.has_417)
  			cx231xx_417_unregister(dev);
  
  		video_unregister_device(&dev->vdev);
  	}
  	v4l2_ctrl_handler_free(&dev->ctrl_handler);
  	v4l2_ctrl_handler_free(&dev->radio_ctrl_handler);
  }
  
  /*
   * cx231xx_close()
   * stops streaming and deallocates all resources allocated by the v4l2
   * calls and ioctls
   */
  static int cx231xx_close(struct file *filp)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = filp->private_data;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  
  	cx231xx_videodbg("users=%d\n", dev->users);
  
  	cx231xx_videodbg("users=%d\n", dev->users);
  	if (res_check(fh))
  		res_free(fh);
  
  	/*
  	 * To workaround error number=-71 on EP0 for VideoGrabber,
  	 *	 need exclude following.
  	 * FIXME: It is probably safe to remove most of these, as we're
  	 * now avoiding the alternate setting for INDEX_VANC
  	 */
  	if (!dev->board.no_alt_vanc)
  		if (fh->type == V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_CAPTURE) {
  			videobuf_stop(&fh->vb_vidq);
  			videobuf_mmap_free(&fh->vb_vidq);
  
  			/* the device is already disconnect,
  			   free the remaining resources */
  			if (dev->state & DEV_DISCONNECTED) {
  				if (atomic_read(&dev->devlist_count) > 0) {
  					cx231xx_release_resources(dev);
  					fh->dev = NULL;
  					return 0;
  				}
  				return 0;
  			}
  
  			/* do this before setting alternate! */
  			cx231xx_uninit_vbi_isoc(dev);
  
  			/* set alternate 0 */
  			if (!dev->vbi_or_sliced_cc_mode)
  				cx231xx_set_alt_setting(dev, INDEX_VANC, 0);
  			else
  				cx231xx_set_alt_setting(dev, INDEX_HANC, 0);
  
  			v4l2_fh_del(&fh->fh);
  			v4l2_fh_exit(&fh->fh);
  			kfree(fh);
  			dev->users--;
  			wake_up_interruptible(&dev->open);
  			return 0;
  		}
  
  	v4l2_fh_del(&fh->fh);
  	dev->users--;
  	if (!dev->users) {
  		videobuf_stop(&fh->vb_vidq);
  		videobuf_mmap_free(&fh->vb_vidq);
  
  		/* the device is already disconnect,
  		   free the remaining resources */
  		if (dev->state & DEV_DISCONNECTED) {
  			cx231xx_release_resources(dev);
  			fh->dev = NULL;
  			return 0;
  		}
  
  		/* Save some power by putting tuner to sleep */
  		call_all(dev, core, s_power, 0);
  
  		/* do this before setting alternate! */
  		if (dev->USE_ISO)
  			cx231xx_uninit_isoc(dev);
  		else
  			cx231xx_uninit_bulk(dev);
  		cx231xx_set_mode(dev, CX231XX_SUSPEND);
  
  		/* set alternate 0 */
  		cx231xx_set_alt_setting(dev, INDEX_VIDEO, 0);
  	}
  	v4l2_fh_exit(&fh->fh);
  	kfree(fh);
  	wake_up_interruptible(&dev->open);
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int cx231xx_v4l2_close(struct file *filp)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = filp->private_data;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	int rc;
  
  	mutex_lock(&dev->lock);
  	rc = cx231xx_close(filp);
  	mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
  	return rc;
  }
  
  /*
   * cx231xx_v4l2_read()
   * will allocate buffers when called for the first time
   */
  static ssize_t
  cx231xx_v4l2_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buf, size_t count,
  		  loff_t *pos)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = filp->private_data;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	int rc;
  
  	rc = check_dev(dev);
  	if (rc < 0)
  		return rc;
  
  	if ((fh->type == V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE) ||
  	    (fh->type == V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_CAPTURE)) {
  		rc = res_get(fh);
  
  		if (unlikely(rc < 0))
  			return rc;
  
  		if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&dev->lock))
  			return -ERESTARTSYS;
  		rc = videobuf_read_stream(&fh->vb_vidq, buf, count, pos, 0,
  					    filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK);
  		mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
  		return rc;
  	}
  	return 0;
  }
  
  /*
   * cx231xx_v4l2_poll()
   * will allocate buffers when called for the first time
   */
  static unsigned int cx231xx_v4l2_poll(struct file *filp, poll_table *wait)
  {
  	unsigned long req_events = poll_requested_events(wait);
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = filp->private_data;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	unsigned res = 0;
  	int rc;
  
  	rc = check_dev(dev);
  	if (rc < 0)
  		return POLLERR;
  
  	rc = res_get(fh);
  
  	if (unlikely(rc < 0))
  		return POLLERR;
  
  	if (v4l2_event_pending(&fh->fh))
  		res |= POLLPRI;
  	else
  		poll_wait(filp, &fh->fh.wait, wait);
  
  	if (!(req_events & (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM)))
  		return res;
  
  	if ((V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE == fh->type) ||
  	    (V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_CAPTURE == fh->type)) {
  		mutex_lock(&dev->lock);
  		res |= videobuf_poll_stream(filp, &fh->vb_vidq, wait);
  		mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
  		return res;
  	}
  	return res | POLLERR;
  }
  
  /*
   * cx231xx_v4l2_mmap()
   */
  static int cx231xx_v4l2_mmap(struct file *filp, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
  {
  	struct cx231xx_fh *fh = filp->private_data;
  	struct cx231xx *dev = fh->dev;
  	int rc;
  
  	rc = check_dev(dev);
  	if (rc < 0)
  		return rc;
  
  	rc = res_get(fh);
  
  	if (unlikely(rc < 0))
  		return rc;
  
  	if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&dev->lock))
  		return -ERESTARTSYS;
  	rc = videobuf_mmap_mapper(&fh->vb_vidq, vma);
  	mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
  
  	cx231xx_videodbg("vma start=0x%08lx, size=%ld, ret=%d\n",
  			 (unsigned long)vma->vm_start,
  			 (unsigned long)vma->vm_end -
  			 (unsigned long)vma->vm_start, rc);
  
  	return rc;
  }
  
  static const struct v4l2_file_operations cx231xx_v4l_fops = {
  	.owner   = THIS_MODULE,
  	.open    = cx231xx_v4l2_open,
  	.release = cx231xx_v4l2_close,
  	.read    = cx231xx_v4l2_read,
  	.poll    = cx231xx_v4l2_poll,
  	.mmap    = cx231xx_v4l2_mmap,
  	.unlocked_ioctl   = video_ioctl2,
  };
  
  static const struct v4l2_ioctl_ops video_ioctl_ops = {
  	.vidioc_querycap               = cx231xx_querycap,
  	.vidioc_enum_fmt_vid_cap       = vidioc_enum_fmt_vid_cap,
  	.vidioc_g_fmt_vid_cap          = vidioc_g_fmt_vid_cap,
  	.vidioc_try_fmt_vid_cap        = vidioc_try_fmt_vid_cap,
  	.vidioc_s_fmt_vid_cap          = vidioc_s_fmt_vid_cap,
  	.vidioc_g_fmt_vbi_cap          = vidioc_g_fmt_vbi_cap,
  	.vidioc_try_fmt_vbi_cap        = vidioc_try_fmt_vbi_cap,
  	.vidioc_s_fmt_vbi_cap          = vidioc_s_fmt_vbi_cap,
  	.vidioc_cropcap                = vidioc_cropcap,
  	.vidioc_reqbufs                = vidioc_reqbufs,
  	.vidioc_querybuf               = vidioc_querybuf,
  	.vidioc_qbuf                   = vidioc_qbuf,
  	.vidioc_dqbuf                  = vidioc_dqbuf,
  	.vidioc_s_std                  = vidioc_s_std,
  	.vidioc_g_std                  = vidioc_g_std,
  	.vidioc_enum_input             = cx231xx_enum_input,
  	.vidioc_g_input                = cx231xx_g_input,
  	.vidioc_s_input                = cx231xx_s_input,
  	.vidioc_streamon               = vidioc_streamon,
  	.vidioc_streamoff              = vidioc_streamoff,
  	.vidioc_g_tuner                = cx231xx_g_tuner,
  	.vidioc_s_tuner                = cx231xx_s_tuner,
  	.vidioc_g_frequency            = cx231xx_g_frequency,
  	.vidioc_s_frequency            = cx231xx_s_frequency,
  #ifdef CONFIG_VIDEO_ADV_DEBUG
  	.vidioc_g_chip_info            = cx231xx_g_chip_info,
  	.vidioc_g_register             = cx231xx_g_register,
  	.vidioc_s_register             = cx231xx_s_register,
  #endif
  	.vidioc_subscribe_event = v4l2_ctrl_subscribe_event,
  	.vidioc_unsubscribe_event = v4l2_event_unsubscribe,
  };
  
  static struct video_device cx231xx_vbi_template;
  
  static const struct video_device cx231xx_video_template = {
  	.fops         = &cx231xx_v4l_fops,
  	.release      = video_device_release_empty,
  	.ioctl_ops    = &video_ioctl_ops,
  	.tvnorms      = V4L2_STD_ALL,
  };
  
  static const struct v4l2_file_operations radio_fops = {
  	.owner   = THIS_MODULE,
  	.open   = cx231xx_v4l2_open,
  	.release = cx231xx_v4l2_close,
  	.poll = v4l2_ctrl_poll,
  	.unlocked_ioctl = video_ioctl2,
  };
  
  static const struct v4l2_ioctl_ops radio_ioctl_ops = {
  	.vidioc_querycap    = cx231xx_querycap,
  	.vidioc_g_tuner     = radio_g_tuner,
  	.vidioc_s_tuner     = radio_s_tuner,
  	.vidioc_g_frequency = cx231xx_g_frequency,
  	.vidioc_s_frequency = cx231xx_s_frequency,
  #ifdef CONFIG_VIDEO_ADV_DEBUG
  	.vidioc_g_chip_info = cx231xx_g_chip_info,
  	.vidioc_g_register  = cx231xx_g_register,
  	.vidioc_s_register  = cx231xx_s_register,
  #endif
  	.vidioc_subscribe_event = v4l2_ctrl_subscribe_event,
  	.vidioc_unsubscribe_event = v4l2_event_unsubscribe,
  };
  
  static struct video_device cx231xx_radio_template = {
  	.name      = "cx231xx-radio",
  	.fops      = &radio_fops,
  	.ioctl_ops = &radio_ioctl_ops,
  };
  
  /******************************** usb interface ******************************/
  
  static void cx231xx_vdev_init(struct cx231xx *dev,
  		struct video_device *vfd,
  		const struct video_device *template,
  		const char *type_name)
  {
  	*vfd = *template;
  	vfd->v4l2_dev = &dev->v4l2_dev;
  	vfd->release = video_device_release_empty;
  	vfd->lock = &dev->lock;
  
  	snprintf(vfd->name, sizeof(vfd->name), "%s %s", dev->name, type_name);
  
  	video_set_drvdata(vfd, dev);
  	if (dev->tuner_type == TUNER_ABSENT) {
  		v4l2_disable_ioctl(vfd, VIDIOC_G_FREQUENCY);
  		v4l2_disable_ioctl(vfd, VIDIOC_S_FREQUENCY);
  		v4l2_disable_ioctl(vfd, VIDIOC_G_TUNER);
  		v4l2_disable_ioctl(vfd, VIDIOC_S_TUNER);
  	}
  }
  
  int cx231xx_register_analog_devices(struct cx231xx *dev)
  {
  	int ret;
  
  	dev_info(dev->dev, "v4l2 driver version %s\n", CX231XX_VERSION);
  
  	/* set default norm */
  	dev->norm = V4L2_STD_PAL;
  	dev->width = norm_maxw(dev);
  	dev->height = norm_maxh(dev);
  	dev->interlaced = 0;
  
  	/* Analog specific initialization */
  	dev->format = &format[0];
  
  	/* Set the initial input */
  	video_mux(dev, dev->video_input);
  
  	call_all(dev, video, s_std, dev->norm);
  
  	v4l2_ctrl_handler_init(&dev->ctrl_handler, 10);
  	v4l2_ctrl_handler_init(&dev->radio_ctrl_handler, 5);
  
  	if (dev->sd_cx25840) {
  		v4l2_ctrl_add_handler(&dev->ctrl_handler,
  				dev->sd_cx25840->ctrl_handler, NULL);
  		v4l2_ctrl_add_handler(&dev->radio_ctrl_handler,
  				dev->sd_cx25840->ctrl_handler,
  				v4l2_ctrl_radio_filter);
  	}
  
  	if (dev->ctrl_handler.error)
  		return dev->ctrl_handler.error;
  	if (dev->radio_ctrl_handler.error)
  		return dev->radio_ctrl_handler.error;
  
  	/* enable vbi capturing */
  	/* write code here...  */
  
  	/* allocate and fill video video_device struct */
  	cx231xx_vdev_init(dev, &dev->vdev, &cx231xx_video_template, "video");
  #if defined(CONFIG_MEDIA_CONTROLLER)
  	dev->video_pad.flags = MEDIA_PAD_FL_SINK;
  	ret = media_entity_pads_init(&dev->vdev.entity, 1, &dev->video_pad);
  	if (ret < 0)
  		dev_err(dev->dev, "failed to initialize video media entity!\n");
  #endif
  	dev->vdev.ctrl_handler = &dev->ctrl_handler;
  	/* register v4l2 video video_device */
  	ret = video_register_device(&dev->vdev, VFL_TYPE_GRABBER,
  				    video_nr[dev->devno]);
  	if (ret) {
  		dev_err(dev->dev,
  			"unable to register video device (error=%i).\n",
  			ret);
  		return ret;
  	}
  
  	dev_info(dev->dev, "Registered video device %s [v4l2]\n",
  		video_device_node_name(&dev->vdev));
  
  	/* Initialize VBI template */
  	cx231xx_vbi_template = cx231xx_video_template;
  	strcpy(cx231xx_vbi_template.name, "cx231xx-vbi");
  
  	/* Allocate and fill vbi video_device struct */
  	cx231xx_vdev_init(dev, &dev->vbi_dev, &cx231xx_vbi_template, "vbi");
  
  #if defined(CONFIG_MEDIA_CONTROLLER)
  	dev->vbi_pad.flags = MEDIA_PAD_FL_SINK;
  	ret = media_entity_pads_init(&dev->vbi_dev.entity, 1, &dev->vbi_pad);
  	if (ret < 0)
  		dev_err(dev->dev, "failed to initialize vbi media entity!\n");
  #endif
  	dev->vbi_dev.ctrl_handler = &dev->ctrl_handler;
  	/* register v4l2 vbi video_device */
  	ret = video_register_device(&dev->vbi_dev, VFL_TYPE_VBI,
  				    vbi_nr[dev->devno]);
  	if (ret < 0) {
  		dev_err(dev->dev, "unable to register vbi device\n");
  		return ret;
  	}
  
  	dev_info(dev->dev, "Registered VBI device %s\n",
  		video_device_node_name(&dev->vbi_dev));
  
  	if (cx231xx_boards[dev->model].radio.type == CX231XX_RADIO) {
  		cx231xx_vdev_init(dev, &dev->radio_dev,
  				&cx231xx_radio_template, "radio");
  		dev->radio_dev.ctrl_handler = &dev->radio_ctrl_handler;
  		ret = video_register_device(&dev->radio_dev, VFL_TYPE_RADIO,
  					    radio_nr[dev->devno]);
  		if (ret < 0) {
  			dev_err(dev->dev,
  				"can't register radio device\n");
  			return ret;
  		}
  		dev_info(dev->dev, "Registered radio device as %s\n",
  			video_device_node_name(&dev->radio_dev));
  	}
  
  	return 0;
  }
  