text: # coding: utf-8
  
  from __future__ import unicode_literals
  
  import itertools
  import json
  import os.path
  import random
  import re
  import traceback
  
  from .common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
  from ..compat import (
      compat_chr,
      compat_HTTPError,
      compat_parse_qs,
      compat_str,
      compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus,
      compat_urllib_parse_urlencode,
      compat_urllib_parse_urlparse,
      compat_urlparse,
  )
  from ..jsinterp import JSInterpreter
  from ..utils import (
      ExtractorError,
      clean_html,
      dict_get,
      float_or_none,
      int_or_none,
      mimetype2ext,
      parse_codecs,
      parse_duration,
      qualities,
      remove_start,
      smuggle_url,
      str_or_none,
      str_to_int,
      try_get,
      unescapeHTML,
      unified_strdate,
      unsmuggle_url,
      update_url_query,
      url_or_none,
      urlencode_postdata,
      urljoin,
  )
  
  
  def parse_qs(url):
      return compat_urlparse.parse_qs(compat_urlparse.urlparse(url).query)
  
  
  class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
      """Provide base functions for Youtube extractors"""
      _LOGIN_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin'
      _TWOFACTOR_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/signin/challenge'
  
      _LOOKUP_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/lookup'
      _CHALLENGE_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/sl/challenge'
      _TFA_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/_/signin/challenge?hl=en&TL={0}'
  
      _NETRC_MACHINE = 'youtube'
      # If True it will raise an error if no login info is provided
      _LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
  
      _PLAYLIST_ID_RE = r'(?:(?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|PU|OLAK5uy_)[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}|RDMM)'
  
      def _login(self):
          """
          Attempt to log in to YouTube.
          True is returned if successful or skipped.
          False is returned if login failed.
  
          If _LOGIN_REQUIRED is set and no authentication was provided, an error is raised.
          """
          username, password = self._get_login_info()
          # No authentication to be performed
          if username is None:
              if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED and self._downloader.params.get('cookiefile') is None:
                  raise ExtractorError('No login info available, needed for using %s.' % self.IE_NAME, expected=True)
              return True
  
          login_page = self._download_webpage(
              self._LOGIN_URL, None,
              note='Downloading login page',
              errnote='unable to fetch login page', fatal=False)
          if login_page is False:
              return
  
          login_form = self._hidden_inputs(login_page)
  
          def req(url, f_req, note, errnote):
              data = login_form.copy()
              data.update({
                  'pstMsg': 1,
                  'checkConnection': 'youtube',
                  'checkedDomains': 'youtube',
                  'hl': 'en',
                  'deviceinfo': '[null,null,null,[],null,"US",null,null,[],"GlifWebSignIn",null,[null,null,[]]]',
                  'f.req': json.dumps(f_req),
                  'flowName': 'GlifWebSignIn',
                  'flowEntry': 'ServiceLogin',
                  # TODO: reverse actual botguard identifier generation algo
                  'bgRequest': '["identifier",""]',
              })
              return self._download_json(
                  url, None, note=note, errnote=errnote,
                  transform_source=lambda s: re.sub(r'^[^[]*', '', s),
                  fatal=False,
                  data=urlencode_postdata(data), headers={
                      'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8',
                      'Google-Accounts-XSRF': 1,
                  })
  
          def warn(message):
              self._downloader.report_warning(message)
  
          lookup_req = [
              username,
              None, [], None, 'US', None, None, 2, False, True,
              [
                  None, None,
                  [2, 1, None, 1,
                   'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn',
                   None, [], 4],
                  1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
              ],
              username,
          ]
  
          lookup_results = req(
              self._LOOKUP_URL, lookup_req,
              'Looking up account info', 'Unable to look up account info')
  
          if lookup_results is False:
              return False
  
          user_hash = try_get(lookup_results, lambda x: x[0][2], compat_str)
          if not user_hash:
              warn('Unable to extract user hash')
              return False
  
          challenge_req = [
              user_hash,
              None, 1, None, [1, None, None, None, [password, None, True]],
              [
                  None, None, [2, 1, None, 1, 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fsignin%3Fnext%3D%252F%26action_handle_signin%3Dtrue%26hl%3Den%26app%3Ddesktop%26feature%3Dsign_in_button&hl=en&service=youtube&uilel=3&requestPath=%2FServiceLogin&Page=PasswordSeparationSignIn', None, [], 4],
                  1, [None, None, []], None, None, None, True
              ]]
  
          challenge_results = req(
              self._CHALLENGE_URL, challenge_req,
              'Logging in', 'Unable to log in')
  
          if challenge_results is False:
              return
  
          login_res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
          if login_res:
              login_msg = try_get(login_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
              warn(
                  'Unable to login: %s' % 'Invalid password'
                  if login_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else login_msg)
              return False
  
          res = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[0][-1], list)
          if not res:
              warn('Unable to extract result entry')
              return False
  
          login_challenge = try_get(res, lambda x: x[0][0], list)
          if login_challenge:
              challenge_str = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
              if challenge_str == 'TWO_STEP_VERIFICATION':
                  # SEND_SUCCESS - TFA code has been successfully sent to phone
                  # QUOTA_EXCEEDED - reached the limit of TFA codes
                  status = try_get(login_challenge, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
                  if status == 'QUOTA_EXCEEDED':
                      warn('Exceeded the limit of TFA codes, try later')
                      return False
  
                  tl = try_get(challenge_results, lambda x: x[1][2], compat_str)
                  if not tl:
                      warn('Unable to extract TL')
                      return False
  
                  tfa_code = self._get_tfa_info('2-step verification code')
  
                  if not tfa_code:
                      warn(
                          'Two-factor authentication required. Provide it either interactively or with --twofactor <code>'
                          '(Note that only TOTP (Google Authenticator App) codes work at this time.)')
                      return False
  
                  tfa_code = remove_start(tfa_code, 'G-')
  
                  tfa_req = [
                      user_hash, None, 2, None,
                      [
                          9, None, None, None, None, None, None, None,
                          [None, tfa_code, True, 2]
                      ]]
  
                  tfa_results = req(
                      self._TFA_URL.format(tl), tfa_req,
                      'Submitting TFA code', 'Unable to submit TFA code')
  
                  if tfa_results is False:
                      return False
  
                  tfa_res = try_get(tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][5], list)
                  if tfa_res:
                      tfa_msg = try_get(tfa_res, lambda x: x[5], compat_str)
                      warn(
                          'Unable to finish TFA: %s' % 'Invalid TFA code'
                          if tfa_msg == 'INCORRECT_ANSWER_ENTERED' else tfa_msg)
                      return False
  
                  check_cookie_url = try_get(
                      tfa_results, lambda x: x[0][-1][2], compat_str)
              else:
                  CHALLENGES = {
                      'LOGIN_CHALLENGE': "This device isn't recognized. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
                      'USERNAME_RECOVERY': 'Please provide additional information to aid in the recovery process.',
                      'REAUTH': "There is something unusual about your activity. For your security, Google wants to make sure it's really you.",
                  }
                  challenge = CHALLENGES.get(
                      challenge_str,
                      '%s returned error %s.' % (self.IE_NAME, challenge_str))
                  warn('%s\nGo to https://accounts.google.com/, login and solve a challenge.' % challenge)
                  return False
          else:
              check_cookie_url = try_get(res, lambda x: x[2], compat_str)
  
          if not check_cookie_url:
              warn('Unable to extract CheckCookie URL')
              return False
  
          check_cookie_results = self._download_webpage(
              check_cookie_url, None, 'Checking cookie', fatal=False)
  
          if check_cookie_results is False:
              return False
  
          if 'https://myaccount.google.com/' not in check_cookie_results:
              warn('Unable to log in')
              return False
  
          return True
  
      def _initialize_consent(self):
          cookies = self._get_cookies('https://www.youtube.com/')
          if cookies.get('__Secure-3PSID'):
              return
          consent_id = None
          consent = cookies.get('CONSENT')
          if consent:
              if 'YES' in consent.value:
                  return
              consent_id = self._search_regex(
                  r'PENDING\+(\d+)', consent.value, 'consent', default=None)
          if not consent_id:
              consent_id = random.randint(100, 999)
          self._set_cookie('.youtube.com', 'CONSENT', 'YES+cb.20210328-17-p0.en+FX+%s' % consent_id)
  
      def _real_initialize(self):
          self._initialize_consent()
          if self._downloader is None:
              return
          if not self._login():
              return
  
      _DEFAULT_API_DATA = {
          'context': {
              'client': {
                  'clientName': 'WEB',
                  'clientVersion': '2.20201021.03.00',
              }
          },
      }
  
      _YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE = r'(?:window\s*\[\s*["\']ytInitialData["\']\s*\]|ytInitialData)\s*=\s*({.+?})\s*;'
      _YT_INITIAL_PLAYER_RESPONSE_RE = r'ytInitialPlayerResponse\s*=\s*({.+?})\s*;'
      _YT_INITIAL_BOUNDARY_RE = r'(?:var\s+meta|</script|\n)'
  
      def _call_api(self, ep, query, video_id, fatal=True):
          data = self._DEFAULT_API_DATA.copy()
          data.update(query)
  
          return self._download_json(
              'https://www.youtube.com/youtubei/v1/%s' % ep, video_id=video_id,
              note='Downloading API JSON', errnote='Unable to download API page',
              data=json.dumps(data).encode('utf8'), fatal=fatal,
              headers={'content-type': 'application/json'},
              query={'key': 'AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8'})
  
      def _extract_yt_initial_data(self, video_id, webpage):
          return self._parse_json(
              self._search_regex(
                  (r'%s\s*%s' % (self._YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE, self._YT_INITIAL_BOUNDARY_RE),
                   self._YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE), webpage, 'yt initial data'),
              video_id)
  
      def _extract_ytcfg(self, video_id, webpage):
          return self._parse_json(
              self._search_regex(
                  r'ytcfg\.set\s*\(\s*({.+?})\s*\)\s*;', webpage, 'ytcfg',
                  default='{}'), video_id, fatal=False) or {}
  
      def _extract_video(self, renderer):
          video_id = renderer['videoId']
          title = try_get(
              renderer,
              (lambda x: x['title']['runs'][0]['text'],
               lambda x: x['title']['simpleText']), compat_str)
          description = try_get(
              renderer, lambda x: x['descriptionSnippet']['runs'][0]['text'],
              compat_str)
          duration = parse_duration(try_get(
              renderer, lambda x: x['lengthText']['simpleText'], compat_str))
          view_count_text = try_get(
              renderer, lambda x: x['viewCountText']['simpleText'], compat_str) or ''
          view_count = str_to_int(self._search_regex(
              r'^([\d,]+)', re.sub(r'\s', '', view_count_text),
              'view count', default=None))
          uploader = try_get(
              renderer,
              (lambda x: x['ownerText']['runs'][0]['text'],
               lambda x: x['shortBylineText']['runs'][0]['text']), compat_str)
          return {
              '_type': 'url',
              'ie_key': YoutubeIE.ie_key(),
              'id': video_id,
              'url': video_id,
              'title': title,
              'description': description,
              'duration': duration,
              'view_count': view_count,
              'uploader': uploader,
          }
  
  
  class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
      IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com'
      _INVIDIOUS_SITES = (
          # invidious-redirect websites
          r'(?:www\.)?redirect\.invidious\.io',
          r'(?:(?:www|dev)\.)?invidio\.us',
          # Invidious instances taken from https://github.com/iv-org/documentation/blob/master/Invidious-Instances.md
          r'(?:(?:www|no)\.)?invidiou\.sh',
          r'(?:(?:www|fi)\.)?invidious\.snopyta\.org',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.kabi\.tk',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.13ad\.de',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.mastodon\.host',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.zapashcanon\.fr',
          r'(?:www\.)?(?:invidious(?:-us)?|piped)\.kavin\.rocks',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.tinfoil-hat\.net',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.himiko\.cloud',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.reallyancient\.tech',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.tube',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidiou\.site',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.site',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.xyz',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.nixnet\.xyz',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.048596\.xyz',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.drycat\.fr',
          r'(?:www\.)?inv\.skyn3t\.in',
          r'(?:www\.)?tube\.poal\.co',
          r'(?:www\.)?tube\.connect\.cafe',
          r'(?:www\.)?vid\.wxzm\.sx',
          r'(?:www\.)?vid\.mint\.lgbt',
          r'(?:www\.)?vid\.puffyan\.us',
          r'(?:www\.)?yewtu\.be',
          r'(?:www\.)?yt\.elukerio\.org',
          r'(?:www\.)?yt\.lelux\.fi',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.ggc-project\.de',
          r'(?:www\.)?yt\.maisputain\.ovh',
          r'(?:www\.)?ytprivate\.com',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.13ad\.de',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.toot\.koeln',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.fdn\.fr',
          r'(?:www\.)?watch\.nettohikari\.com',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.namazso\.eu',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.silkky\.cloud',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.exonip\.de',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.riverside\.rocks',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.blamefran\.net',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.moomoo\.de',
          r'(?:www\.)?ytb\.trom\.tf',
          r'(?:www\.)?yt\.cyberhost\.uk',
          r'(?:www\.)?kgg2m7yk5aybusll\.onion',
          r'(?:www\.)?qklhadlycap4cnod\.onion',
          r'(?:www\.)?axqzx4s6s54s32yentfqojs3x5i7faxza6xo3ehd4bzzsg2ii4fv2iid\.onion',
          r'(?:www\.)?c7hqkpkpemu6e7emz5b4vyz7idjgdvgaaa3dyimmeojqbgpea3xqjoid\.onion',
          r'(?:www\.)?fz253lmuao3strwbfbmx46yu7acac2jz27iwtorgmbqlkurlclmancad\.onion',
          r'(?:www\.)?invidious\.l4qlywnpwqsluw65ts7md3khrivpirse744un3x7mlskqauz5pyuzgqd\.onion',
          r'(?:www\.)?owxfohz4kjyv25fvlqilyxast7inivgiktls3th44jhk3ej3i7ya\.b32\.i2p',
          r'(?:www\.)?4l2dgddgsrkf2ous66i6seeyi6etzfgrue332grh2n7madpwopotugyd\.onion',
          r'(?:www\.)?w6ijuptxiku4xpnnaetxvnkc5vqcdu7mgns2u77qefoixi63vbvnpnqd\.onion',
          r'(?:www\.)?kbjggqkzv65ivcqj6bumvp337z6264huv5kpkwuv6gu5yjiskvan7fad\.onion',
          r'(?:www\.)?grwp24hodrefzvjjuccrkw3mjq4tzhaaq32amf33dzpmuxe7ilepcmad\.onion',
          r'(?:www\.)?hpniueoejy4opn7bc4ftgazyqjoeqwlvh2uiku2xqku6zpoa4bf5ruid\.onion',
      )
      _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)^
                       (
                           (?:https?://|//)                                    # http(s):// or protocol-independent URL
                           (?:(?:(?:(?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie|kids)?\.com|
                              (?:www\.)?deturl\.com/www\.youtube\.com|
                              (?:www\.)?pwnyoutube\.com|
                              (?:www\.)?hooktube\.com|
                              (?:www\.)?yourepeat\.com|
                              tube\.majestyc\.net|
                              %(invidious)s|
                              youtube\.googleapis\.com)/                        # the various hostnames, with wildcard subdomains
                           (?:.*?\#/)?                                          # handle anchor (#/) redirect urls
                           (?:                                                  # the various things that can precede the ID:
                               (?:(?:v|embed|e)/(?!videoseries))                # v/ or embed/ or e/
                               |(?:                                             # or the v= param in all its forms
                                   (?:(?:watch|movie)(?:_popup)?(?:\.php)?/?)?  # preceding watch(_popup|.php) or nothing (like /?v=xxxx)
                                   (?:\?|\#!?)                                  # the params delimiter ? or # or #!
                                   (?:.*?[&;])??                                # any other preceding param (like /?s=tuff&v=xxxx or ?s=tuff&amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY)
                                   v=
                               )
                           ))
                           |(?:
                              youtu\.be|                                        # just youtu.be/xxxx
                              vid\.plus|                                        # or vid.plus/xxxx
                              zwearz\.com/watch|                                # or zwearz.com/watch/xxxx
                              %(invidious)s
                           )/
                           |(?:www\.)?cleanvideosearch\.com/media/action/yt/watch\?videoId=
                           )
                       )?                                                       # all until now is optional -> you can pass the naked ID
                       (?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})                                # here is it! the YouTube video ID
                       (?(1).+)?                                                # if we found the ID, everything can follow
                       $""" % {
          'invidious': '|'.join(_INVIDIOUS_SITES),
      }
      _PLAYER_INFO_RE = (
          r'/s/player/(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]{8,})/player',
          r'/(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]{8,})/player(?:_ias\.vflset(?:/[a-zA-Z]{2,3}_[a-zA-Z]{2,3})?|-plasma-ias-(?:phone|tablet)-[a-z]{2}_[A-Z]{2}\.vflset)/base\.js$',
          r'\b(?P<id>vfl[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)\b.*?\.js$',
      )
      _SUBTITLE_FORMATS = ('srv1', 'srv2', 'srv3', 'ttml', 'vtt')
  
      _GEO_BYPASS = False
  
      IE_NAME = 'youtube'
      _TESTS = [
          {
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&t=1s&end=9',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
                  'ext': 'mp4',
                  'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
                  'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
                  'uploader_id': 'phihag',
                  'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
                  'channel_id': 'UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
                  'channel_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCLqxVugv74EIW3VWh2NOa3Q',
                  'upload_date': '20121002',
                  'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
                  'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
                  'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
                  'duration': 10,
                  'view_count': int,
                  'like_count': int,
                  'dislike_count': int,
                  'start_time': 1,
                  'end_time': 9,
              }
          },
          {
              'url': '//www.YouTube.com/watch?v=yZIXLfi8CZQ',
              'note': 'Embed-only video (#1746)',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'yZIXLfi8CZQ',
                  'ext': 'mp4',
                  'upload_date': '20120608',
                  'title': 'Principal Sexually Assaults A Teacher - Episode 117 - 8th June 2012',
                  'description': 'md5:09b78bd971f1e3e289601dfba15ca4f7',
                  'uploader': 'SET India',
                  'uploader_id': 'setindia',
                  'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/setindia',
                  'age_limit': 18,
              },
              'skip': 'Private video',
          },
          {
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc&v=yZIXLfi8CZQ',
              'note': 'Use the first video ID in the URL',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'BaW_jenozKc',
                  'ext': 'mp4',
                  'title': 'youtube-dl test video "\'/\\ä↭𝕐',
                  'uploader': 'Philipp Hagemeister',
                  'uploader_id': 'phihag',
                  'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/phihag',
                  'upload_date': '20121002',
                  'description': 'test chars:  "\'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de .',
                  'categories': ['Science & Technology'],
                  'tags': ['youtube-dl'],
                  'duration': 10,
                  'view_count': int,
                  'like_count': int,
                  'dislike_count': int,
              },
              'params': {
                  'skip_download': True,
              },
          },
          {
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9LDPn-MO4I',
              'note': '256k DASH audio (format 141) via DASH manifest',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'a9LDPn-MO4I',
                  'ext': 'm4a',
                  'upload_date': '20121002',
                  'uploader_id': '8KVIDEO',
                  'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/8KVIDEO',
                  'description': '',
                  'uploader': '8KVIDEO',
                  'title': 'UHDTV TEST 8K VIDEO.mp4'
              },
              'params': {
                  'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
                  'format': '141',
              },
              'skip': 'format 141 not served anymore',
          },
          # DASH manifest with encrypted signature
          {
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IB3lcPjvWLA',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'IB3lcPjvWLA',
                  'ext': 'm4a',
                  'title': 'Afrojack, Spree Wilson - The Spark (Official Music Video) ft. Spree Wilson',
                  'description': 'md5:8f5e2b82460520b619ccac1f509d43bf',
                  'duration': 244,
                  'uploader': 'AfrojackVEVO',
                  'uploader_id': 'AfrojackVEVO',
                  'upload_date': '20131011',
                  'abr': 129.495,
              },
              'params': {
                  'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
                  'format': '141/bestaudio[ext=m4a]',
              },
          },
          # Controversy video
          {
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4XJQO3qol8',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'T4XJQO3qol8',
                  'ext': 'mp4',
                  'duration': 219,
                  'upload_date': '20100909',
                  'uploader': 'Amazing Atheist',
                  'uploader_id': 'TheAmazingAtheist',
                  'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheAmazingAtheist',
                  'title': 'Burning Everyone\'s Koran',
                  'description': 'SUBSCRIBE: http://www.youtube.com/saturninefilms \r\n\r\nEven Obama has taken a stand against freedom on this issue: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/09/09/obama-gma-interview-quran_n_710282.html',
              }
          },
          # Normal age-gate video (No vevo, embed allowed), available via embed page
          {
              'url': 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=HtVdAasjOgU',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'HtVdAasjOgU',
                  'ext': 'mp4',
                  'title': 'The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt - The Sword Of Destiny Trailer',
                  'description': r're:(?s).{100,}About the Game\n.*?The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt.{100,}',
                  'duration': 142,
                  'uploader': 'The Witcher',
                  'uploader_id': 'WitcherGame',
                  'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/WitcherGame',
                  'upload_date': '20140605',
                  'age_limit': 18,
              },
          },
          {
              # Age-gated video only available with authentication (unavailable
              # via embed page workaround)
              'url': 'XgnwCQzjau8',
              'only_matching': True,
          },
          # video_info is None (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4421)
          # YouTube Red ad is not captured for creator
          {
              'url': '__2ABJjxzNo',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': '__2ABJjxzNo',
                  'ext': 'mp4',
                  'duration': 266,
                  'upload_date': '20100430',
                  'uploader_id': 'deadmau5',
                  'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/deadmau5',
                  'creator': 'deadmau5',
                  'description': 'md5:6cbcd3a92ce1bc676fc4d6ab4ace2336',
                  'uploader': 'deadmau5',
                  'title': 'Deadmau5 - Some Chords (HD)',
                  'alt_title': 'Some Chords',
              },
              'expected_warnings': [
                  'DASH manifest missing',
              ]
          },
          # Olympics (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4431)
          {
              'url': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'lqQg6PlCWgI',
                  'ext': 'mp4',
                  'duration': 6085,
                  'upload_date': '20150827',
                  'uploader_id': 'olympic',
                  'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/olympic',
                  'description': 'HO09  - Women -  GER-AUS - Hockey - 31 July 2012 - London 2012 Olympic Games',
                  'uploader': 'Olympic',
                  'title': 'Hockey - Women -  GER-AUS - London 2012 Olympic Games',
              },
              'params': {
                  'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
              }
          },
          # Non-square pixels
          {
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_b-2C3KPAM0',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': '_b-2C3KPAM0',
                  'ext': 'mp4',
                  'stretched_ratio': 16 / 9.,
                  'duration': 85,
                  'upload_date': '20110310',
                  'uploader_id': 'AllenMeow',
                  'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/AllenMeow',
                  'description': 'made by Wacom from Korea | 字幕&加油添醋 by TY\'s Allen | 感謝heylisa00cavey1001同學熱情提供梗及翻譯',
                  'uploader': '孫ᄋᄅ',
                  'title': '[A-made] 變態妍字幕版 太妍 我就是這樣的人',
              },
          },
          # url_encoded_fmt_stream_map is empty string
          {
              'url': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'qEJwOuvDf7I',
                  'ext': 'webm',
                  'title': 'Обсуждение судебной практики по выборам 14 сентября 2014 года в Санкт-Петербурге',
                  'description': '',
                  'upload_date': '20150404',
                  'uploader_id': 'spbelect',
                  'uploader': 'Наблюдатели Петербурга',
              },
              'params': {
                  'skip_download': 'requires avconv',
              },
              'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
          },
          # Extraction from multiple DASH manifests (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/6097)
          {
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FIl7x6_3R5Y',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'FIl7x6_3R5Y',
                  'ext': 'webm',
                  'title': 'md5:7b81415841e02ecd4313668cde88737a',
                  'description': 'md5:116377fd2963b81ec4ce64b542173306',
                  'duration': 220,
                  'upload_date': '20150625',
                  'uploader_id': 'dorappi2000',
                  'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/dorappi2000',
                  'uploader': 'dorappi2000',
                  'formats': 'mincount:31',
              },
              'skip': 'not actual anymore',
          },
          # DASH manifest with segment_list
          {
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/CsmdDsKjzN8',
              'md5': '8ce563a1d667b599d21064e982ab9e31',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'CsmdDsKjzN8',
                  'ext': 'mp4',
                  'upload_date': '20150501',  # According to '<meta itemprop="datePublished"', but in other places it's 20150510
                  'uploader': 'Airtek',
                  'description': 'Retransmisión en directo de la XVIII media maratón de Zaragoza.',
                  'uploader_id': 'UCzTzUmjXxxacNnL8I3m4LnQ',
                  'title': 'Retransmisión XVIII Media maratón Zaragoza 2015',
              },
              'params': {
                  'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
                  'format': '135',  # bestvideo
              },
              'skip': 'This live event has ended.',
          },
          {
              # Multifeed videos (multiple cameras), URL is for Main Camera
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jvGDaLqkpTg',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'jvGDaLqkpTg',
                  'title': 'Tom Clancy Free Weekend Rainbow Whatever',
                  'description': 'md5:e03b909557865076822aa169218d6a5d',
              },
              'playlist': [{
                  'info_dict': {
                      'id': 'jvGDaLqkpTg',
                      'ext': 'mp4',
                      'title': 'Tom Clancy Free Weekend Rainbow Whatever (Main Camera)',
                      'description': 'md5:e03b909557865076822aa169218d6a5d',
                      'duration': 10643,
                      'upload_date': '20161111',
                      'uploader': 'Team PGP',
                      'uploader_id': 'UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
                      'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
                  },
              }, {
                  'info_dict': {
                      'id': '3AKt1R1aDnw',
                      'ext': 'mp4',
                      'title': 'Tom Clancy Free Weekend Rainbow Whatever (Camera 2)',
                      'description': 'md5:e03b909557865076822aa169218d6a5d',
                      'duration': 10991,
                      'upload_date': '20161111',
                      'uploader': 'Team PGP',
                      'uploader_id': 'UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
                      'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
                  },
              }, {
                  'info_dict': {
                      'id': 'RtAMM00gpVc',
                      'ext': 'mp4',
                      'title': 'Tom Clancy Free Weekend Rainbow Whatever (Camera 3)',
                      'description': 'md5:e03b909557865076822aa169218d6a5d',
                      'duration': 10995,
                      'upload_date': '20161111',
                      'uploader': 'Team PGP',
                      'uploader_id': 'UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
                      'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
                  },
              }, {
                  'info_dict': {
                      'id': '6N2fdlP3C5U',
                      'ext': 'mp4',
                      'title': 'Tom Clancy Free Weekend Rainbow Whatever (Camera 4)',
                      'description': 'md5:e03b909557865076822aa169218d6a5d',
                      'duration': 10990,
                      'upload_date': '20161111',
                      'uploader': 'Team PGP',
                      'uploader_id': 'UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
                      'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UChORY56LMMETTuGjXaJXvLg',
                  },
              }],
              'params': {
                  'skip_download': True,
              },
          },
          {
              # Multifeed video with comma in title (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVfLd0zydlo',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'gVfLd0zydlo',
                  'title': 'DevConf.cz 2016 Day 2 Workshops 1 14:00 - 15:30',
              },
              'playlist_count': 2,
              'skip': 'Not multifeed anymore',
          },
          {
              'url': 'https://vid.plus/FlRa-iH7PGw',
              'only_matching': True,
          },
          {
              'url': 'https://zwearz.com/watch/9lWxNJF-ufM/electra-woman-dyna-girl-official-trailer-grace-helbig.html',
              'only_matching': True,
          },
          {
              # Title with JS-like syntax "};" (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
              # Also tests cut-off URL expansion in video description (see
              # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/1892,
              # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8164)
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsguqyKfVQg',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'lsguqyKfVQg',
                  'ext': 'mp4',
                  'title': '{dark walk}; Loki/AC/Dishonored; collab w/Elflover21',
                  'alt_title': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
                  'description': 'md5:8085699c11dc3f597ce0410b0dcbb34a',
                  'duration': 133,
                  'upload_date': '20151119',
                  'uploader_id': 'IronSoulElf',
                  'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/IronSoulElf',
                  'uploader': 'IronSoulElf',
                  'creator': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
                  'track': 'Dark Walk - Position Music',
                  'artist': 'Todd Haberman,  Daniel Law Heath and Aaron Kaplan',
                  'album': 'Position Music - Production Music Vol. 143 - Dark Walk',
              },
              'params': {
                  'skip_download': True,
              },
          },
          {
              # Tags with '};' (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7468)
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ms7iBXnlUO8',
              'only_matching': True,
          },
          {
              # Video with yt:stretch=17:0
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q39EVAstoRM',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'Q39EVAstoRM',
                  'ext': 'mp4',
                  'title': 'Clash Of Clans#14 Dicas De Ataque Para CV 4',
                  'description': 'md5:ee18a25c350637c8faff806845bddee9',
                  'upload_date': '20151107',
                  'uploader_id': 'UCCr7TALkRbo3EtFzETQF1LA',
                  'uploader': 'CH GAMER DROID',
              },
              'params': {
                  'skip_download': True,
              },
              'skip': 'This video does not exist.',
          },
          {
              # Video with incomplete 'yt:stretch=16:'
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FRhJzUSJbGI',
              'only_matching': True,
          },
          {
              # Video licensed under Creative Commons
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M4gD1WSo5mA',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'M4gD1WSo5mA',
                  'ext': 'mp4',
                  'title': 'md5:e41008789470fc2533a3252216f1c1d1',
                  'description': 'md5:a677553cf0840649b731a3024aeff4cc',
                  'duration': 721,
                  'upload_date': '20150127',
                  'uploader_id': 'BerkmanCenter',
                  'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/BerkmanCenter',
                  'uploader': 'The Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society',
                  'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
              },
              'params': {
                  'skip_download': True,
              },
          },
          {
              # Channel-like uploader_url
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQcmzGIKrzg',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'eQcmzGIKrzg',
                  'ext': 'mp4',
                  'title': 'Democratic Socialism and Foreign Policy | Bernie Sanders',
                  'description': 'md5:13a2503d7b5904ef4b223aa101628f39',
                  'duration': 4060,
                  'upload_date': '20151119',
                  'uploader': 'Bernie Sanders',
                  'uploader_id': 'UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
                  'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCH1dpzjCEiGAt8CXkryhkZg',
                  'license': 'Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)',
              },
              'params': {
                  'skip_download': True,
              },
          },
          {
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&amp;amp;v=V36LpHqtcDY',
              'only_matching': True,
          },
          {
              # YouTube Red paid video (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/10059)
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1Ko8UG-Tdo',
              'only_matching': True,
          },
          {
              # Rental video preview
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYr8q0y5Jfg',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'uGpuVWrhIzE',
                  'ext': 'mp4',
                  'title': 'Piku - Trailer',
                  'description': 'md5:c36bd60c3fd6f1954086c083c72092eb',
                  'upload_date': '20150811',
                  'uploader': 'FlixMatrix',
                  'uploader_id': 'FlixMatrixKaravan',
                  'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/FlixMatrixKaravan',
                  'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
              },
              'params': {
                  'skip_download': True,
              },
              'skip': 'This video is not available.',
          },
          {
              # YouTube Red video with episode data
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqKdEhx-dD4',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'iqKdEhx-dD4',
                  'ext': 'mp4',
                  'title': 'Isolation - Mind Field (Ep 1)',
                  'description': 'md5:f540112edec5d09fc8cc752d3d4ba3cd',
                  'duration': 2085,
                  'upload_date': '20170118',
                  'uploader': 'Vsauce',
                  'uploader_id': 'Vsauce',
                  'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/Vsauce',
                  'series': 'Mind Field',
                  'season_number': 1,
                  'episode_number': 1,
              },
              'params': {
                  'skip_download': True,
              },
              'expected_warnings': [
                  'Skipping DASH manifest',
              ],
          },
          {
              # The following content has been identified by the YouTube community
              # as inappropriate or offensive to some audiences.
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6SJNVb0GnPI',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': '6SJNVb0GnPI',
                  'ext': 'mp4',
                  'title': 'Race Differences in Intelligence',
                  'description': 'md5:5d161533167390427a1f8ee89a1fc6f1',
                  'duration': 965,
                  'upload_date': '20140124',
                  'uploader': 'New Century Foundation',
                  'uploader_id': 'UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
                  'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCEJYpZGqgUob0zVVEaLhvVg',
              },
              'params': {
                  'skip_download': True,
              },
              'skip': 'This video has been removed for violating YouTube\'s policy on hate speech.',
          },
          {
              # itag 212
              'url': '1t24XAntNCY',
              'only_matching': True,
          },
          {
              # geo restricted to JP
              'url': 'sJL6WA-aGkQ',
              'only_matching': True,
          },
          {
              'url': 'https://invidio.us/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc',
              'only_matching': True,
          },
          {
              'url': 'https://redirect.invidious.io/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc',
              'only_matching': True,
          },
          {
              # from https://nitter.pussthecat.org/YouTube/status/1360363141947944964#m
              'url': 'https://redirect.invidious.io/Yh0AhrY9GjA',
              'only_matching': True,
          },
          {
              # DRM protected
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7_qI6_mIXc',
              'only_matching': True,
          },
          {
              # Video with unsupported adaptive stream type formats
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z4Vy8R84T1U',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'Z4Vy8R84T1U',
                  'ext': 'mp4',
                  'title': 'saman SMAN 53 Jakarta(Sancety) opening COFFEE4th at SMAN 53 Jakarta',
                  'description': 'md5:d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e',
                  'duration': 433,
                  'upload_date': '20130923',
                  'uploader': 'Amelia Putri Harwita',
                  'uploader_id': 'UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
                  'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCpOxM49HJxmC1qCalXyB3_Q',
                  'formats': 'maxcount:10',
              },
              'params': {
                  'skip_download': True,
                  'youtube_include_dash_manifest': False,
              },
              'skip': 'not actual anymore',
          },
          {
              # Youtube Music Auto-generated description
              'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/watch?v=MgNrAu2pzNs',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'MgNrAu2pzNs',
                  'ext': 'mp4',
                  'title': 'Voyeur Girl',
                  'description': 'md5:7ae382a65843d6df2685993e90a8628f',
                  'upload_date': '20190312',
                  'uploader': 'Stephen - Topic',
                  'uploader_id': 'UC-pWHpBjdGG69N9mM2auIAA',
                  'artist': 'Stephen',
                  'track': 'Voyeur Girl',
                  'album': 'it\'s too much love to know my dear',
                  'release_date': '20190313',
                  'release_year': 2019,
              },
              'params': {
                  'skip_download': True,
              },
          },
          {
              'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/watch?v=3b8nCWDgZ6Q',
              'only_matching': True,
          },
          {
              # invalid -> valid video id redirection
              'url': 'DJztXj2GPfl',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'DJztXj2GPfk',
                  'ext': 'mp4',
                  'title': 'Panjabi MC - Mundian To Bach Ke (The Dictator Soundtrack)',
                  'description': 'md5:bf577a41da97918e94fa9798d9228825',
                  'upload_date': '20090125',
                  'uploader': 'Prochorowka',
                  'uploader_id': 'Prochorowka',
                  'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/Prochorowka',
                  'artist': 'Panjabi MC',
                  'track': 'Beware of the Boys (Mundian to Bach Ke) - Motivo Hi-Lectro Remix',
                  'album': 'Beware of the Boys (Mundian To Bach Ke)',
              },
              'params': {
                  'skip_download': True,
              },
              'skip': 'Video unavailable',
          },
          {
              # empty description results in an empty string
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x41yOUIvK2k',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'x41yOUIvK2k',
                  'ext': 'mp4',
                  'title': 'IMG 3456',
                  'description': '',
                  'upload_date': '20170613',
                  'uploader_id': 'ElevageOrVert',
                  'uploader': 'ElevageOrVert',
              },
              'params': {
                  'skip_download': True,
              },
          },
          {
              # with '};' inside yt initial data (see [1])
              # see [2] for an example with '};' inside ytInitialPlayerResponse
              # 1. https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/27093
              # 2. https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/27216
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHqg6qOn4no',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'CHqg6qOn4no',
                  'ext': 'mp4',
                  'title': 'Part 77   Sort a list of simple types in c#',
                  'description': 'md5:b8746fa52e10cdbf47997903f13b20dc',
                  'upload_date': '20130831',
                  'uploader_id': 'kudvenkat',
                  'uploader': 'kudvenkat',
              },
              'params': {
                  'skip_download': True,
              },
          },
          {
              # another example of '};' in ytInitialData
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVfgbahppCY',
              'only_matching': True,
          },
          {
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch_popup?v=63RmMXCd_bQ',
              'only_matching': True,
          },
          {
              # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/pull/28094
              'url': 'OtqTfy26tG0',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'OtqTfy26tG0',
                  'ext': 'mp4',
                  'title': 'Burn Out',
                  'description': 'md5:8d07b84dcbcbfb34bc12a56d968b6131',
                  'upload_date': '20141120',
                  'uploader': 'The Cinematic Orchestra - Topic',
                  'uploader_id': 'UCIzsJBIyo8hhpFm1NK0uLgw',
                  'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCIzsJBIyo8hhpFm1NK0uLgw',
                  'artist': 'The Cinematic Orchestra',
                  'track': 'Burn Out',
                  'album': 'Every Day',
                  'release_data': None,
                  'release_year': None,
              },
              'params': {
                  'skip_download': True,
              },
          },
          {
              # controversial video, only works with bpctr when authenticated with cookies
              'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nGC3D_FkCmg',
              'only_matching': True,
          },
          {
              # restricted location, https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/28685
              'url': 'cBvYw8_A0vQ',
              'info_dict': {
                  'id': 'cBvYw8_A0vQ',
                  'ext': 'mp4',
                  'title': '4K Ueno Okachimachi  Street  Scenes  上野御徒町歩き',
                  'description': 'md5:ea770e474b7cd6722b4c95b833c03630',
                  'upload_date': '20201120',
                  'uploader': 'Walk around Japan',
                  'uploader_id': 'UC3o_t8PzBmXf5S9b7GLx1Mw',
                  'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UC3o_t8PzBmXf5S9b7GLx1Mw',
              },
              'params': {
                  'skip_download': True,
              },
          },
      ]
      _formats = {
          '5': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 400, 'height': 240, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
          '6': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 450, 'height': 270, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
          '13': {'ext': '3gp', 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
          '17': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 176, 'height': 144, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
          '18': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 96, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
          '22': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
          '34': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
          '35': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
          # itag 36 videos are either 320x180 (BaW_jenozKc) or 320x240 (__2ABJjxzNo), abr varies as well
          '36': {'ext': '3gp', 'width': 320, 'acodec': 'aac', 'vcodec': 'mp4v'},
          '37': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
          '38': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 4096, 'height': 3072, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
          '43': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 640, 'height': 360, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
          '44': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
          '45': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1280, 'height': 720, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
          '46': {'ext': 'webm', 'width': 1920, 'height': 1080, 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
          '59': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
          '78': {'ext': 'mp4', 'width': 854, 'height': 480, 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264'},
  
  
          # 3D videos
          '82': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
          '83': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
          '84': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
          '85': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -20},
          '100': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
          '101': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
          '102': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': '3D', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'abr': 192, 'vcodec': 'vp8', 'preference': -20},
  
          # Apple HTTP Live Streaming
          '91': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
          '92': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
          '93': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
          '94': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
          '95': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
          '96': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
          '132': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
          '151': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 72, 'format_note': 'HLS', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 24, 'vcodec': 'h264', 'preference': -10},
  
          # DASH mp4 video
          '133': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
          '134': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
          '135': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
          '136': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
          '137': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
          '138': {'ext': 'mp4', 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},  # Height can vary (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/4559)
          '160': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
          '212': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
          '264': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
          '298': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
          '299': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264', 'fps': 60},
          '266': {'ext': 'mp4', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'h264'},
  
          # Dash mp4 audio
          '139': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 48, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
          '140': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 128, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
          '141': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'abr': 256, 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
          '256': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
          '258': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'aac', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
          '325': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'dtse', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
          '328': {'ext': 'm4a', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'ec-3', 'container': 'm4a_dash'},
  
          # Dash webm
          '167': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'width': 640, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
          '168': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
          '169': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'width': 1280, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
          '170': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'width': 1920, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
          '218': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
          '219': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'width': 854, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp8'},
          '278': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 144, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'container': 'webm', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
          '242': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 240, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
          '243': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 360, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
          '244': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
          '245': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
          '246': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 480, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
          '247': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
          '248': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
          '271': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
          # itag 272 videos are either 3840x2160 (e.g. RtoitU2A-3E) or 7680x4320 (sLprVF6d7Ug)
          '272': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
          '302': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 720, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
          '303': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1080, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
          '308': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 1440, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
          '313': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9'},
          '315': {'ext': 'webm', 'height': 2160, 'format_note': 'DASH video', 'vcodec': 'vp9', 'fps': 60},
  
          # Dash webm audio
          '171': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 128},
          '172': {'ext': 'webm', 'acodec': 'vorbis', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'abr': 256},
  
          # Dash webm audio with opus inside
          '249': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 50},
          '250': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 70},
          '251': {'ext': 'webm', 'format_note': 'DASH audio', 'acodec': 'opus', 'abr': 160},
  
          # RTMP (unnamed)
          '_rtmp': {'protocol': 'rtmp'},
  
          # av01 video only formats sometimes served with "unknown" codecs
          '394': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
          '395': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
          '396': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
          '397': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
      }
  
      @classmethod
      def suitable(cls, url):
          # Hack for lazy extractors until more generic solution is implemented
          # (see #28780)
          from .youtube import parse_qs
          qs = parse_qs(url)
          if qs.get('list', [None])[0]:
              return False
          return super(YoutubeIE, cls).suitable(url)
  
      def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
          super(YoutubeIE, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
          self._code_cache = {}
          self._player_cache = {}
  
      def _signature_cache_id(self, example_sig):
          """ Return a string representation of a signature """
          return '.'.join(compat_str(len(part)) for part in example_sig.split('.'))
  
      @classmethod
      def _extract_player_info(cls, player_url):
          for player_re in cls._PLAYER_INFO_RE:
              id_m = re.search(player_re, player_url)
              if id_m:
                  break
          else:
              raise ExtractorError('Cannot identify player %r' % player_url)
          return id_m.group('id')
  
      def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, example_sig):
          player_id = self._extract_player_info(player_url)
  
          # Read from filesystem cache
          func_id = 'js_%s_%s' % (
              player_id, self._signature_cache_id(example_sig))
          assert os.path.basename(func_id) == func_id
  
          cache_spec = self._downloader.cache.load('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id)
          if cache_spec is not None:
              return lambda s: ''.join(s[i] for i in cache_spec)
  
          if player_id not in self._code_cache:
              self._code_cache[player_id] = self._download_webpage(
                  player_url, video_id,
                  note='Downloading player ' + player_id,
                  errnote='Download of %s failed' % player_url)
          code = self._code_cache[player_id]
          res = self._parse_sig_js(code)
  
          test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
          cache_res = res(test_string)
          cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
  
          self._downloader.cache.store('youtube-sigfuncs', func_id, cache_spec)
          return res
  
      def _print_sig_code(self, func, example_sig):
          def gen_sig_code(idxs):
              def _genslice(start, end, step):
                  starts = '' if start == 0 else str(start)
                  ends = (':%d' % (end + step)) if end + step >= 0 else ':'
                  steps = '' if step == 1 else (':%d' % step)
                  return 's[%s%s%s]' % (starts, ends, steps)
  
              step = None
              # Quelch pyflakes warnings - start will be set when step is set
              start = '(Never used)'
              for i, prev in zip(idxs[1:], idxs[:-1]):
                  if step is not None:
                      if i - prev == step:
                          continue
                      yield _genslice(start, prev, step)
                      step = None
                      continue
                  if i - prev in [-1, 1]:
                      step = i - prev
                      start = prev
                      continue
                  else:
                      yield 's[%d]' % prev
              if step is None:
                  yield 's[%d]' % i
              else:
                  yield _genslice(start, i, step)
  
          test_string = ''.join(map(compat_chr, range(len(example_sig))))
          cache_res = func(test_string)
          cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
          expr_code = ' + '.join(gen_sig_code(cache_spec))
          signature_id_tuple = '(%s)' % (
              ', '.join(compat_str(len(p)) for p in example_sig.split('.')))
          code = ('if tuple(len(p) for p in s.split(\'.\')) == %s:\n'
                  '    return %s\n') % (signature_id_tuple, expr_code)
          self.to_screen('Extracted signature function:\n' + code)
  
      def _parse_sig_js(self, jscode):
          funcname = self._search_regex(
              (r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
               r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
               r'\bm=(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2})\(decodeURIComponent\(h\.s\)\)',
               r'\bc&&\(c=(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2})\(decodeURIComponent\(c\)\)',
               r'(?:\b|[^a-zA-Z0-9$])(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2})\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\);[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2}\.[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2}\(a,\d+\)',
               r'(?:\b|[^a-zA-Z0-9$])(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2})\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
               r'(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
               # Obsolete patterns
               r'(["\'])signature\1\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
               r'\.sig\|\|(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
               r'yt\.akamaized\.net/\)\s*\|\|\s*.*?\s*[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?:encodeURIComponent\s*\()?\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
               r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
               r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
               r'\bc\s*&&\s*a\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
               r'\bc\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
               r'\bc\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\('),
              jscode, 'Initial JS player signature function name', group='sig')
  
          jsi = JSInterpreter(jscode)
          initial_function = jsi.extract_function(funcname)
          return lambda s: initial_function([s])
  
      def _decrypt_signature(self, s, video_id, player_url):
          """Turn the encrypted s field into a working signature"""
  
          if player_url is None:
              raise ExtractorError('Cannot decrypt signature without player_url')
  
          if player_url.startswith('//'):
              player_url = 'https:' + player_url
          elif not re.match(r'https?://', player_url):
              player_url = compat_urlparse.urljoin(
                  'https://www.youtube.com', player_url)
          try:
              player_id = (player_url, self._signature_cache_id(s))
              if player_id not in self._player_cache:
                  func = self._extract_signature_function(
                      video_id, player_url, s
                  )
                  self._player_cache[player_id] = func
              func = self._player_cache[player_id]
              if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_print_sig_code'):
                  self._print_sig_code(func, s)
              return func(s)
          except Exception as e:
              tb = traceback.format_exc()
              raise ExtractorError(
                  'Signature extraction failed: ' + tb, cause=e)
  
      def _mark_watched(self, video_id, player_response):
          playback_url = url_or_none(try_get(
              player_response,
              lambda x: x['playbackTracking']['videostatsPlaybackUrl']['baseUrl']))
          if not playback_url:
              return
          parsed_playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlparse(playback_url)
          qs = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(parsed_playback_url.query)
  
          # cpn generation algorithm is reverse engineered from base.js.
          # In fact it works even with dummy cpn.
          CPN_ALPHABET = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789-_'
          cpn = ''.join((CPN_ALPHABET[random.randint(0, 256) & 63] for _ in range(0, 16)))
  
          qs.update({
              'ver': ['2'],
              'cpn': [cpn],
          })
          playback_url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(
              parsed_playback_url._replace(query=compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(qs, True)))
  
          self._download_webpage(
              playback_url, video_id, 'Marking watched',
              'Unable to mark watched', fatal=False)
  
      @staticmethod
      def _extract_urls(webpage):
          # Embedded YouTube player
          entries = [
              unescapeHTML(mobj.group('url'))
              for mobj in re.finditer(r'''(?x)
              (?:
                  <iframe[^>]+?src=|
                  data-video-url=|
                  <embed[^>]+?src=|
                  embedSWF\(?:\s*|
                  <object[^>]+data=|
                  new\s+SWFObject\(
              )
              (["\'])
                  (?P<url>(?:https?:)?//(?:www\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com/
                  (?:embed|v|p)/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}.*?)
              \1''', webpage)]
  
          # lazyYT YouTube embed
          entries.extend(list(map(
              unescapeHTML,
              re.findall(r'class="lazyYT" data-youtube-id="([^"]+)"', webpage))))
  
          # Wordpress "YouTube Video Importer" plugin
          matches = re.findall(r'''(?x)<div[^>]+
              class=(?P<q1>[\'"])[^\'"]*\byvii_single_video_player\b[^\'"]*(?P=q1)[^>]+
              data-video_id=(?P<q2>[\'"])([^\'"]+)(?P=q2)''', webpage)
          entries.extend(m[-1] for m in matches)
  
          return entries
  
      @staticmethod
      def _extract_url(webpage):
          urls = YoutubeIE._extract_urls(webpage)
          return urls[0] if urls else None
  
      @classmethod
      def extract_id(cls, url):
          mobj = re.match(cls._VALID_URL, url, re.VERBOSE)
          if mobj is None:
              raise ExtractorError('Invalid URL: %s' % url)
          video_id = mobj.group(2)
          return video_id
  
      def _extract_chapters_from_json(self, data, video_id, duration):
          chapters_list = try_get(
              data,
              lambda x: x['playerOverlays']
                         ['playerOverlayRenderer']
                         ['decoratedPlayerBarRenderer']
                         ['decoratedPlayerBarRenderer']
                         ['playerBar']
                         ['chapteredPlayerBarRenderer']
                         ['chapters'],
              list)
          if not chapters_list:
              return
  
          def chapter_time(chapter):
              return float_or_none(
                  try_get(
                      chapter,
                      lambda x: x['chapterRenderer']['timeRangeStartMillis'],
                      int),
                  scale=1000)
          chapters = []
          for next_num, chapter in enumerate(chapters_list, start=1):
              start_time = chapter_time(chapter)
              if start_time is None:
                  continue
              end_time = (chapter_time(chapters_list[next_num])
                          if next_num < len(chapters_list) else duration)
              if end_time is None:
                  continue
              title = try_get(
                  chapter, lambda x: x['chapterRenderer']['title']['simpleText'],
                  compat_str)
              chapters.append({
                  'start_time': start_time,
                  'end_time': end_time,
                  'title': title,
              })
          return chapters
  
      def _extract_yt_initial_variable(self, webpage, regex, video_id, name):
          return self._parse_json(self._search_regex(
              (r'%s\s*%s' % (regex, self._YT_INITIAL_BOUNDARY_RE),
               regex), webpage, name, default='{}'), video_id, fatal=False)
  
      def _real_extract(self, url):
          url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
          video_id = self._match_id(url)
          base_url = self.http_scheme() + '//www.youtube.com/'
          webpage_url = base_url + 'watch?v=' + video_id
          webpage = self._download_webpage(
              webpage_url + '&bpctr=9999999999&has_verified=1', video_id, fatal=False)
  
          player_response = None
          if webpage:
              player_response = self._extract_yt_initial_variable(
                  webpage, self._YT_INITIAL_PLAYER_RESPONSE_RE,
                  video_id, 'initial player response')
          if not player_response:
              player_response = self._call_api(
                  'player', {'videoId': video_id}, video_id)
  
          playability_status = player_response.get('playabilityStatus') or {}
          if playability_status.get('reason') == 'Sign in to confirm your age':
              video_info = self._download_webpage(
                  base_url + 'get_video_info', video_id,
                  'Refetching age-gated info webpage',
                  'unable to download video info webpage', query={
                      'video_id': video_id,
                      'eurl': 'https://youtube.googleapis.com/v/' + video_id,
                      'html5': 1,
                      # See https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/29333#issuecomment-864049544
                      'c': 'TVHTML5',
                      'cver': '6.20180913',
                  }, fatal=False)
              if video_info:
                  pr = self._parse_json(
                      try_get(
                          compat_parse_qs(video_info),
                          lambda x: x['player_response'][0], compat_str) or '{}',
                      video_id, fatal=False)
                  if pr and isinstance(pr, dict):
                      player_response = pr
  
          trailer_video_id = try_get(
              playability_status,
              lambda x: x['errorScreen']['playerLegacyDesktopYpcTrailerRenderer']['trailerVideoId'],
              compat_str)
          if trailer_video_id:
              return self.url_result(
                  trailer_video_id, self.ie_key(), trailer_video_id)
  
          def get_text(x):
              if not x:
                  return
              text = x.get('simpleText')
              if text and isinstance(text, compat_str):
                  return text
              runs = x.get('runs')
              if not isinstance(runs, list):
                  return
              return ''.join([r['text'] for r in runs if isinstance(r.get('text'), compat_str)])
  
          search_meta = (
              lambda x: self._html_search_meta(x, webpage, default=None)) \
              if webpage else lambda x: None
  
          video_details = player_response.get('videoDetails') or {}
          microformat = try_get(
              player_response,
              lambda x: x['microformat']['playerMicroformatRenderer'],
              dict) or {}
          video_title = video_details.get('title') \
              or get_text(microformat.get('title')) \
              or search_meta(['og:title', 'twitter:title', 'title'])
          video_description = video_details.get('shortDescription')
  
          if not smuggled_data.get('force_singlefeed', False):
              if not self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
                  multifeed_metadata_list = try_get(
                      player_response,
                      lambda x: x['multicamera']['playerLegacyMulticameraRenderer']['metadataList'],
                      compat_str)
                  if multifeed_metadata_list:
                      entries = []
                      feed_ids = []
                      for feed in multifeed_metadata_list.split(','):
                          # Unquote should take place before split on comma (,) since textual
                          # fields may contain comma as well (see
                          # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
                          feed_data = compat_parse_qs(
                              compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(feed))
  
                          def feed_entry(name):
                              return try_get(
                                  feed_data, lambda x: x[name][0], compat_str)
  
                          feed_id = feed_entry('id')
                          if not feed_id:
                              continue
                          feed_title = feed_entry('title')
                          title = video_title
                          if feed_title:
                              title += ' (%s)' % feed_title
                          entries.append({
                              '_type': 'url_transparent',
                              'ie_key': 'Youtube',
                              'url': smuggle_url(
                                  base_url + 'watch?v=' + feed_data['id'][0],
                                  {'force_singlefeed': True}),
                              'title': title,
                          })
                          feed_ids.append(feed_id)
                      self.to_screen(
                          'Downloading multifeed video (%s) - add --no-playlist to just download video %s'
                          % (', '.join(feed_ids), video_id))
                      return self.playlist_result(
                          entries, video_id, video_title, video_description)
              else:
                  self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
  
          formats = []
          itags = []
          itag_qualities = {}
          player_url = None
          q = qualities(['tiny', 'small', 'medium', 'large', 'hd720', 'hd1080', 'hd1440', 'hd2160', 'hd2880', 'highres'])
          streaming_data = player_response.get('streamingData') or {}
          streaming_formats = streaming_data.get('formats') or []
          streaming_formats.extend(streaming_data.get('adaptiveFormats') or [])
          for fmt in streaming_formats:
              if fmt.get('targetDurationSec') or fmt.get('drmFamilies'):
                  continue
  
              itag = str_or_none(fmt.get('itag'))
              quality = fmt.get('quality')
              if itag and quality:
                  itag_qualities[itag] = quality
              # FORMAT_STREAM_TYPE_OTF(otf=1) requires downloading the init fragment
              # (adding `&sq=0` to the URL) and parsing emsg box to determine the
              # number of fragment that would subsequently requested with (`&sq=N`)
              if fmt.get('type') == 'FORMAT_STREAM_TYPE_OTF':
                  continue
  
              fmt_url = fmt.get('url')
              if not fmt_url:
                  sc = compat_parse_qs(fmt.get('signatureCipher'))
                  fmt_url = url_or_none(try_get(sc, lambda x: x['url'][0]))
                  encrypted_sig = try_get(sc, lambda x: x['s'][0])
                  if not (sc and fmt_url and encrypted_sig):
                      continue
                  if not player_url:
                      if not webpage:
                          continue
                      player_url = self._search_regex(
                          r'"(?:PLAYER_JS_URL|jsUrl)"\s*:\s*"([^"]+)"',
                          webpage, 'player URL', fatal=False)
                  if not player_url:
                      continue
                  signature = self._decrypt_signature(sc['s'][0], video_id, player_url)
                  sp = try_get(sc, lambda x: x['sp'][0]) or 'signature'
                  fmt_url += '&' + sp + '=' + signature
  
              if itag:
                  itags.append(itag)
              tbr = float_or_none(
                  fmt.get('averageBitrate') or fmt.get('bitrate'), 1000)
              dct = {
                  'asr': int_or_none(fmt.get('audioSampleRate')),
                  'filesize': int_or_none(fmt.get('contentLength')),
                  'format_id': itag,
                  'format_note': fmt.get('qualityLabel') or quality,
                  'fps': int_or_none(fmt.get('fps')),
                  'height': int_or_none(fmt.get('height')),
                  'quality': q(quality),
                  'tbr': tbr,
                  'url': fmt_url,
                  'width': fmt.get('width'),
              }
              mimetype = fmt.get('mimeType')
              if mimetype:
                  mobj = re.match(
                      r'((?:[^/]+)/(?:[^;]+))(?:;\s*codecs="([^"]+)")?', mimetype)
                  if mobj:
                      dct['ext'] = mimetype2ext(mobj.group(1))
                      dct.update(parse_codecs(mobj.group(2)))
              no_audio = dct.get('acodec') == 'none'
              no_video = dct.get('vcodec') == 'none'
              if no_audio:
                  dct['vbr'] = tbr
              if no_video:
                  dct['abr'] = tbr
              if no_audio or no_video:
                  dct['downloader_options'] = {
                      # Youtube throttles chunks >~10M
                      'http_chunk_size': 10485760,
                  }
                  if dct.get('ext'):
                      dct['container'] = dct['ext'] + '_dash'
              formats.append(dct)
  
          hls_manifest_url = streaming_data.get('hlsManifestUrl')
          if hls_manifest_url:
              for f in self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                      hls_manifest_url, video_id, 'mp4', fatal=False):
                  itag = self._search_regex(
                      r'/itag/(\d+)', f['url'], 'itag', default=None)
                  if itag:
                      f['format_id'] = itag
                  formats.append(f)
  
          if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
              dash_manifest_url = streaming_data.get('dashManifestUrl')
              if dash_manifest_url:
                  for f in self._extract_mpd_formats(
                          dash_manifest_url, video_id, fatal=False):
                      itag = f['format_id']
                      if itag in itags:
                          continue
                      if itag in itag_qualities:
                          f['quality'] = q(itag_qualities[itag])
                      filesize = int_or_none(self._search_regex(
                          r'/clen/(\d+)', f.get('fragment_base_url')
                          or f['url'], 'file size', default=None))
                      if filesize:
                          f['filesize'] = filesize
                      formats.append(f)
  
          if not formats:
              if streaming_data.get('licenseInfos'):
                  raise ExtractorError(
                      'This video is DRM protected.', expected=True)
              pemr = try_get(
                  playability_status,
                  lambda x: x['errorScreen']['playerErrorMessageRenderer'],
                  dict) or {}
              reason = get_text(pemr.get('reason')) or playability_status.get('reason')
              subreason = pemr.get('subreason')
              if subreason:
                  subreason = clean_html(get_text(subreason))
                  if subreason == 'The uploader has not made this video available in your country.':
                      countries = microformat.get('availableCountries')
                      if not countries:
                          regions_allowed = search_meta('regionsAllowed')
                          countries = regions_allowed.split(',') if regions_allowed else None
                      self.raise_geo_restricted(
                          subreason, countries)
                  reason += '\n' + subreason
              if reason:
                  raise ExtractorError(reason, expected=True)
  
          self._sort_formats(formats)
  
          keywords = video_details.get('keywords') or []
          if not keywords and webpage:
              keywords = [
                  unescapeHTML(m.group('content'))
                  for m in re.finditer(self._meta_regex('og:video:tag'), webpage)]
          for keyword in keywords:
              if keyword.startswith('yt:stretch='):
                  mobj = re.search(r'(\d+)\s*:\s*(\d+)', keyword)
                  if mobj:
                      # NB: float is intentional for forcing float division
                      w, h = (float(v) for v in mobj.groups())
                      if w > 0 and h > 0:
                          ratio = w / h
                          for f in formats:
                              if f.get('vcodec') != 'none':
                                  f['stretched_ratio'] = ratio
                          break
  
          thumbnails = []
          for container in (video_details, microformat):
              for thumbnail in (try_get(
                      container,
                      lambda x: x['thumbnail']['thumbnails'], list) or []):
                  thumbnail_url = thumbnail.get('url')
                  if not thumbnail_url:
                      continue
                  thumbnails.append({
                      'height': int_or_none(thumbnail.get('height')),
                      'url': thumbnail_url,
                      'width': int_or_none(thumbnail.get('width')),
                  })
              if thumbnails:
                  break
          else:
              thumbnail = search_meta(['og:image', 'twitter:image'])
              if thumbnail:
                  thumbnails = [{'url': thumbnail}]
  
          category = microformat.get('category') or search_meta('genre')
          channel_id = video_details.get('channelId') \
              or microformat.get('externalChannelId') \
              or search_meta('channelId')
          duration = int_or_none(
              video_details.get('lengthSeconds')
              or microformat.get('lengthSeconds')) \
              or parse_duration(search_meta('duration'))
          is_live = video_details.get('isLive')
          owner_profile_url = microformat.get('ownerProfileUrl')
  
          info = {
              'id': video_id,
              'title': self._live_title(video_title) if is_live else video_title,
              'formats': formats,
              'thumbnails': thumbnails,
              'description': video_description,
              'upload_date': unified_strdate(
                  microformat.get('uploadDate')
                  or search_meta('uploadDate')),
              'uploader': video_details['author'],
              'uploader_id': self._search_regex(r'/(?:channel|user)/([^/?&#]+)', owner_profile_url, 'uploader id') if owner_profile_url else None,
              'uploader_url': owner_profile_url,
              'channel_id': channel_id,
              'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/' + channel_id if channel_id else None,
              'duration': duration,
              'view_count': int_or_none(
                  video_details.get('viewCount')
                  or microformat.get('viewCount')
                  or search_meta('interactionCount')),
              'average_rating': float_or_none(video_details.get('averageRating')),
              'age_limit': 18 if (
                  microformat.get('isFamilySafe') is False
                  or search_meta('isFamilyFriendly') == 'false'
                  or search_meta('og:restrictions:age') == '18+') else 0,
              'webpage_url': webpage_url,
              'categories': [category] if category else None,
              'tags': keywords,
              'is_live': is_live,
          }
  
          pctr = try_get(
              player_response,
              lambda x: x['captions']['playerCaptionsTracklistRenderer'], dict)
          if pctr:
              def process_language(container, base_url, lang_code, query):
                  lang_subs = []
                  for fmt in self._SUBTITLE_FORMATS:
                      query.update({
                          'fmt': fmt,
                      })
                      lang_subs.append({
                          'ext': fmt,
                          'url': update_url_query(base_url, query),
                      })
                  container[lang_code] = lang_subs
  
              subtitles = {}
              for caption_track in (pctr.get('captionTracks') or []):
                  base_url = caption_track.get('baseUrl')
                  if not base_url:
                      continue
                  if caption_track.get('kind') != 'asr':
                      lang_code = caption_track.get('languageCode')
                      if not lang_code:
                          continue
  
                      name = caption_track.get('name')
                      if not name:
                          process_language(
                              subtitles, base_url, lang_code, {})
                          continue
                      name_text = name.get('simpleText')
                      if not name_text:
                          process_language(
                              subtitles, base_url, lang_code, {})
                          continue
  
                      if len(name_text.split(' - ', 1)) != 2:
                          process_language(
                              subtitles, base_url, lang_code, {})
                          continue
  
                      suffix = name_text.split(' - ', 1)[1]
  
                      process_language(
                          subtitles, base_url, lang_code + '-' + suffix, {})
                      continue
                  automatic_captions = {}
                  for translation_language in (pctr.get('translationLanguages') or []):
                      translation_language_code = translation_language.get('languageCode')
                      if not translation_language_code:
                          continue
                      process_language(
                          automatic_captions, base_url, translation_language_code,
                          {'tlang': translation_language_code})
                  info['automatic_captions'] = automatic_captions
              info['subtitles'] = subtitles
  
          parsed_url = compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url)
          for component in [parsed_url.fragment, parsed_url.query]:
              query = compat_parse_qs(component)
              for k, v in query.items():
                  for d_k, s_ks in [('start', ('start', 't')), ('end', ('end',))]:
                      d_k += '_time'
                      if d_k not in info and k in s_ks:
                          info[d_k] = parse_duration(query[k][0])
  
          if video_description:
              mobj = re.search(r'(?s)(?P<track>[^·\n]+)·(?P<artist>[^\n]+)\n+(?P<album>[^\n]+)(?:.+?℗\s*(?P<release_year>\d{4})(?!\d))?(?:.+?Released on\s*:\s*(?P<release_date>\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}))?(.+?\nArtist\s*:\s*(?P<clean_artist>[^\n]+))?.+\nAuto-generated by YouTube\.\s*$', video_description)
              if mobj:
                  release_year = mobj.group('release_year')
                  release_date = mobj.group('release_date')
                  if release_date:
                      release_date = release_date.replace('-', '')
                      if not release_year:
                          release_year = release_date[:4]
                  info.update({
                      'album': mobj.group('album'.strip()),
                      'artist': mobj.group('clean_artist') or ', '.join(a.strip() for a in mobj.group('artist').split('·')),
                      'track': mobj.group('track').strip(),
                      'release_date': release_date,
                      'release_year': int_or_none(release_year),
                  })
  
          initial_data = None
          if webpage:
              initial_data = self._extract_yt_initial_variable(
                  webpage, self._YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE, video_id,
                  'yt initial data')
          if not initial_data:
              initial_data = self._call_api(
                  'next', {'videoId': video_id}, video_id, fatal=False)
  
          if initial_data:
              chapters = self._extract_chapters_from_json(
                  initial_data, video_id, duration)
              if not chapters:
                  for engagment_pannel in (initial_data.get('engagementPanels') or []):
                      contents = try_get(
                          engagment_pannel, lambda x: x['engagementPanelSectionListRenderer']['content']['macroMarkersListRenderer']['contents'],
                          list)
                      if not contents:
                          continue
  
                      def chapter_time(mmlir):
                          return parse_duration(
                              get_text(mmlir.get('timeDescription')))
  
                      chapters = []
                      for next_num, content in enumerate(contents, start=1):
                          mmlir = content.get('macroMarkersListItemRenderer') or {}
                          start_time = chapter_time(mmlir)
                          end_time = chapter_time(try_get(
                              contents, lambda x: x[next_num]['macroMarkersListItemRenderer'])) \
                              if next_num < len(contents) else duration
                          if start_time is None or end_time is None:
                              continue
                          chapters.append({
                              'start_time': start_time,
                              'end_time': end_time,
                              'title': get_text(mmlir.get('title')),
                          })
                      if chapters:
                          break
              if chapters:
                  info['chapters'] = chapters
  
              contents = try_get(
                  initial_data,
                  lambda x: x['contents']['twoColumnWatchNextResults']['results']['results']['contents'],
                  list) or []
              for content in contents:
                  vpir = content.get('videoPrimaryInfoRenderer')
                  if vpir:
                      stl = vpir.get('superTitleLink')
                      if stl:
                          stl = get_text(stl)
                          if try_get(
                                  vpir,
                                  lambda x: x['superTitleIcon']['iconType']) == 'LOCATION_PIN':
                              info['location'] = stl
                          else:
                              mobj = re.search(r'(.+?)\s*S(\d+)\s*•\s*E(\d+)', stl)
                              if mobj:
                                  info.update({
                                      'series': mobj.group(1),
                                      'season_number': int(mobj.group(2)),
                                      'episode_number': int(mobj.group(3)),
                                  })
                      for tlb in (try_get(
                              vpir,
                              lambda x: x['videoActions']['menuRenderer']['topLevelButtons'],
                              list) or []):
                          tbr = tlb.get('toggleButtonRenderer') or {}
                          for getter, regex in [(
                                  lambda x: x['defaultText']['accessibility']['accessibilityData'],
                                  r'(?P<count>[\d,]+)\s*(?P<type>(?:dis)?like)'), ([
                                      lambda x: x['accessibility'],
                                      lambda x: x['accessibilityData']['accessibilityData'],
                                  ], r'(?P<type>(?:dis)?like) this video along with (?P<count>[\d,]+) other people')]:
                              label = (try_get(tbr, getter, dict) or {}).get('label')
                              if label:
                                  mobj = re.match(regex, label)
                                  if mobj:
                                      info[mobj.group('type') + '_count'] = str_to_int(mobj.group('count'))
                                      break
                      sbr_tooltip = try_get(
                          vpir, lambda x: x['sentimentBar']['sentimentBarRenderer']['tooltip'])
                      if sbr_tooltip:
                          like_count, dislike_count = sbr_tooltip.split(' / ')
                          info.update({
                              'like_count': str_to_int(like_count),
                              'dislike_count': str_to_int(dislike_count),
                          })
                  vsir = content.get('videoSecondaryInfoRenderer')
                  if vsir:
                      info['channel'] = get_text(try_get(
                          vsir,
                          lambda x: x['owner']['videoOwnerRenderer']['title'],
                          dict))
                      rows = try_get(
                          vsir,
                          lambda x: x['metadataRowContainer']['metadataRowContainerRenderer']['rows'],
                          list) or []
                      multiple_songs = False
                      for row in rows:
                          if try_get(row, lambda x: x['metadataRowRenderer']['hasDividerLine']) is True:
                              multiple_songs = True
                              break
                      for row in rows:
                          mrr = row.get('metadataRowRenderer') or {}
                          mrr_title = mrr.get('title')
                          if not mrr_title:
                              continue
                          mrr_title = get_text(mrr['title'])
                          mrr_contents_text = get_text(mrr['contents'][0])
                          if mrr_title == 'License':
                              info['license'] = mrr_contents_text
                          elif not multiple_songs:
                              if mrr_title == 'Album':
                                  info['album'] = mrr_contents_text
                              elif mrr_title == 'Artist':
                                  info['artist'] = mrr_contents_text
                              elif mrr_title == 'Song':
                                  info['track'] = mrr_contents_text
  
          for s_k, d_k in [('artist', 'creator'), ('track', 'alt_title')]:
              v = info.get(s_k)
              if v:
                  info[d_k] = v
  
          self.mark_watched(video_id, player_response)
  
          return info
  
  
  class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
      IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com tab'
      _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
                      https?://
                          (?:\w+\.)?
                          (?:
                              youtube(?:kids)?\.com|
                              invidio\.us
                          )/
                          (?:
                              (?:channel|c|user|feed|hashtag)/|
                              (?:playlist|watch)\?.*?\blist=|
                              (?!(?:watch|embed|v|e)\b)
                          )
                          (?P<id>[^/?\#&]+)
                      '''
      IE_NAME = 'youtube:tab'
  
      _TESTS = [{
          # playlists, multipage
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/ИгорьКлейнер/playlists?view=1&flow=grid',
          'playlist_mincount': 94,
          'info_dict': {
              'id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
              'title': 'Игорь Клейнер - Playlists',
              'description': 'md5:be97ee0f14ee314f1f002cf187166ee2',
          },
      }, {
          # playlists, multipage, different order
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/igorkle1/playlists?view=1&sort=dd',
          'playlist_mincount': 94,
          'info_dict': {
              'id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
              'title': 'Игорь Клейнер - Playlists',
              'description': 'md5:be97ee0f14ee314f1f002cf187166ee2',
          },
      }, {
          # playlists, series
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/3blue1brown/playlists?view=50&sort=dd&shelf_id=3',
          'playlist_mincount': 5,
          'info_dict': {
              'id': 'UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
              'title': '3Blue1Brown - Playlists',
              'description': 'md5:e1384e8a133307dd10edee76e875d62f',
          },
      }, {
          # playlists, singlepage
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/ThirstForScience/playlists',
          'playlist_mincount': 4,
          'info_dict': {
              'id': 'UCAEtajcuhQ6an9WEzY9LEMQ',
              'title': 'ThirstForScience - Playlists',
              'description': 'md5:609399d937ea957b0f53cbffb747a14c',
          }
      }, {
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/ChristophLaimer/playlists',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          # basic, single video playlist
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
          'info_dict': {
              'uploader_id': 'UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
              'uploader': 'Sergey M.',
              'id': 'PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
              'title': 'youtube-dl public playlist',
          },
          'playlist_count': 1,
      }, {
          # empty playlist
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFodcLWhDpGCYnngnHtQ-Xf',
          'info_dict': {
              'uploader_id': 'UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
              'uploader': 'Sergey M.',
              'id': 'PL4lCao7KL_QFodcLWhDpGCYnngnHtQ-Xf',
              'title': 'youtube-dl empty playlist',
          },
          'playlist_count': 0,
      }, {
          # Home tab
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/featured',
          'info_dict': {
              'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
              'title': 'lex will - Home',
              'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
          },
          'playlist_mincount': 2,
      }, {
          # Videos tab
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/videos',
          'info_dict': {
              'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
              'title': 'lex will - Videos',
              'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
          },
          'playlist_mincount': 975,
      }, {
          # Videos tab, sorted by popular
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/videos?view=0&sort=p&flow=grid',
          'info_dict': {
              'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
              'title': 'lex will - Videos',
              'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
          },
          'playlist_mincount': 199,
      }, {
          # Playlists tab
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/playlists',
          'info_dict': {
              'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
              'title': 'lex will - Playlists',
              'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
          },
          'playlist_mincount': 17,
      }, {
          # Community tab
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/community',
          'info_dict': {
              'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
              'title': 'lex will - Community',
              'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
          },
          'playlist_mincount': 18,
      }, {
          # Channels tab
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/channels',
          'info_dict': {
              'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
              'title': 'lex will - Channels',
              'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
          },
          'playlist_mincount': 138,
      }, {
          'url': 'https://invidio.us/channel/UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/channel/UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/channel/UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          'note': 'Playlist with deleted videos (#651). As a bonus, the video #51 is also twice in this list.',
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
          'info_dict': {
              'title': '29C3: Not my department',
              'id': 'PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
              'uploader': 'Christiaan008',
              'uploader_id': 'UCEPzS1rYsrkqzSLNp76nrcg',
          },
          'playlist_count': 96,
      }, {
          'note': 'Large playlist',
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
          'info_dict': {
              'title': 'Uploads from Cauchemar',
              'id': 'UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
              'uploader': 'Cauchemar',
              'uploader_id': 'UCBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
          },
          'playlist_mincount': 1123,
      }, {
          # even larger playlist, 8832 videos
          'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/user/NASAgovVideo/videos',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          'note': 'Buggy playlist: the webpage has a "Load more" button but it doesn\'t have more videos',
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
          'info_dict': {
              'title': 'Uploads from Interstellar Movie',
              'id': 'UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
              'uploader': 'Interstellar Movie',
              'uploader_id': 'UCXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
          },
          'playlist_mincount': 21,
      }, {
          # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/21844
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
          'info_dict': {
              'title': 'Data Analysis with Dr Mike Pound',
              'id': 'PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
              'uploader_id': 'UC9-y-6csu5WGm29I7JiwpnA',
              'uploader': 'Computerphile',
          },
          'playlist_mincount': 11,
      }, {
          'url': 'https://invidio.us/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          # Playlist URL that does not actually serve a playlist
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4',
          'info_dict': {
              'id': 'FqZTN594JQw',
              'ext': 'webm',
              'title': "Smiley's People 01 detective, Adventure Series, Action",
              'uploader': 'STREEM',
              'uploader_id': 'UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
              'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/UCyPhqAZgwYWZfxElWVbVJng',
              'upload_date': '20150526',
              'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
              'description': 'md5:507cdcb5a49ac0da37a920ece610be80',
              'categories': ['People & Blogs'],
              'tags': list,
              'view_count': int,
              'like_count': int,
              'dislike_count': int,
          },
          'params': {
              'skip_download': True,
          },
          'skip': 'This video is not available.',
          'add_ie': [YoutubeIE.ie_key()],
      }, {
          'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/watch?v=Agk7R8I8o5U&list=PUZ6jURNr1WQZCNHF0ao-c0g',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuAGGZNfUkU&list=RDMM',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCoMdktPbSTixAyNGwb-UYkQ/live',
          'info_dict': {
              'id': '9Auq9mYxFEE',
              'ext': 'mp4',
              'title': 'Watch Sky News live',
              'uploader': 'Sky News',
              'uploader_id': 'skynews',
              'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/skynews',
              'upload_date': '20191102',
              'description': 'md5:78de4e1c2359d0ea3ed829678e38b662',
              'categories': ['News & Politics'],
              'tags': list,
              'like_count': int,
              'dislike_count': int,
          },
          'params': {
              'skip_download': True,
          },
      }, {
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/user/TheYoungTurks/live',
          'info_dict': {
              'id': 'a48o2S1cPoo',
              'ext': 'mp4',
              'title': 'The Young Turks - Live Main Show',
              'uploader': 'The Young Turks',
              'uploader_id': 'TheYoungTurks',
              'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/TheYoungTurks',
              'upload_date': '20150715',
              'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
              'description': 'md5:438179573adcdff3c97ebb1ee632b891',
              'categories': ['News & Politics'],
              'tags': ['Cenk Uygur (TV Program Creator)', 'The Young Turks (Award-Winning Work)', 'Talk Show (TV Genre)'],
              'like_count': int,
              'dislike_count': int,
          },
          'params': {
              'skip_download': True,
          },
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1yBKRuGpC1tSM73A0ZjYjQ/live',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/CommanderVideoHq/live',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/trending',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          # needs auth
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/library',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          # needs auth
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/history',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          # needs auth
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/subscriptions',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          # needs auth
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/watch_later',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          # no longer available?
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/recommended',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          # inline playlist with not always working continuations
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UC6u0Tct-Fo&list=PL36D642111D65BE7C',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/course?list=ECUl4u3cNGP61MdtwGTqZA0MreSaDybji8',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/course',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/zsecurity',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/NASAgovVideo/videos',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/TheYoungTurks/live',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/hashtag/cctv9',
          'info_dict': {
              'id': 'cctv9',
              'title': '#cctv9',
          },
          'playlist_mincount': 350,
      }, {
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?list=PLW4dVinRY435CBE_JD3t-0SRXKfnZHS1P&feature=youtu.be&v=M9cJMXmQ_ZU',
          'only_matching': True,
      }]
  
      @classmethod
      def suitable(cls, url):
          return False if YoutubeIE.suitable(url) else super(
              YoutubeTabIE, cls).suitable(url)
  
      def _extract_channel_id(self, webpage):
          channel_id = self._html_search_meta(
              'channelId', webpage, 'channel id', default=None)
          if channel_id:
              return channel_id
          channel_url = self._html_search_meta(
              ('og:url', 'al:ios:url', 'al:android:url', 'al:web:url',
               'twitter:url', 'twitter:app:url:iphone', 'twitter:app:url:ipad',
               'twitter:app:url:googleplay'), webpage, 'channel url')
          return self._search_regex(
              r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/channel/([^/?#&])+',
              channel_url, 'channel id')
  
      @staticmethod
      def _extract_grid_item_renderer(item):
          assert isinstance(item, dict)
          for key, renderer in item.items():
              if not key.startswith('grid') or not key.endswith('Renderer'):
                  continue
              if not isinstance(renderer, dict):
                  continue
              return renderer
  
      def _grid_entries(self, grid_renderer):
          for item in grid_renderer['items']:
              if not isinstance(item, dict):
                  continue
              renderer = self._extract_grid_item_renderer(item)
              if not isinstance(renderer, dict):
                  continue
              title = try_get(
                  renderer, (lambda x: x['title']['runs'][0]['text'],
                             lambda x: x['title']['simpleText']), compat_str)
              # playlist
              playlist_id = renderer.get('playlistId')
              if playlist_id:
                  yield self.url_result(
                      'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s' % playlist_id,
                      ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=playlist_id,
                      video_title=title)
                  continue
              # video
              video_id = renderer.get('videoId')
              if video_id:
                  yield self._extract_video(renderer)
                  continue
              # channel
              channel_id = renderer.get('channelId')
              if channel_id:
                  title = try_get(
                      renderer, lambda x: x['title']['simpleText'], compat_str)
                  yield self.url_result(
                      'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s' % channel_id,
                      ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_title=title)
                  continue
              # generic endpoint URL support
              ep_url = urljoin('https://www.youtube.com/', try_get(
                  renderer, lambda x: x['navigationEndpoint']['commandMetadata']['webCommandMetadata']['url'],
                  compat_str))
              if ep_url:
                  for ie in (YoutubeTabIE, YoutubePlaylistIE, YoutubeIE):
                      if ie.suitable(ep_url):
                          yield self.url_result(
                              ep_url, ie=ie.ie_key(), video_id=ie._match_id(ep_url), video_title=title)
                          break
  
      def _shelf_entries_from_content(self, shelf_renderer):
          content = shelf_renderer.get('content')
          if not isinstance(content, dict):
              return
          renderer = content.get('gridRenderer')
          if renderer:
              # TODO: add support for nested playlists so each shelf is processed
              # as separate playlist
              # TODO: this includes only first N items
              for entry in self._grid_entries(renderer):
                  yield entry
          renderer = content.get('horizontalListRenderer')
          if renderer:
              # TODO
              pass
  
      def _shelf_entries(self, shelf_renderer, skip_channels=False):
          ep = try_get(
              shelf_renderer, lambda x: x['endpoint']['commandMetadata']['webCommandMetadata']['url'],
              compat_str)
          shelf_url = urljoin('https://www.youtube.com', ep)
          if shelf_url:
              # Skipping links to another channels, note that checking for
              # endpoint.commandMetadata.webCommandMetadata.webPageTypwebPageType == WEB_PAGE_TYPE_CHANNEL
              # will not work
              if skip_channels and '/channels?' in shelf_url:
                  return
              title = try_get(
                  shelf_renderer, lambda x: x['title']['runs'][0]['text'], compat_str)
              yield self.url_result(shelf_url, video_title=title)
          # Shelf may not contain shelf URL, fallback to extraction from content
          for entry in self._shelf_entries_from_content(shelf_renderer):
              yield entry
  
      def _playlist_entries(self, video_list_renderer):
          for content in video_list_renderer['contents']:
              if not isinstance(content, dict):
                  continue
              renderer = content.get('playlistVideoRenderer') or content.get('playlistPanelVideoRenderer')
              if not isinstance(renderer, dict):
                  continue
              video_id = renderer.get('videoId')
              if not video_id:
                  continue
              yield self._extract_video(renderer)
  
      def _video_entry(self, video_renderer):
          video_id = video_renderer.get('videoId')
          if video_id:
              return self._extract_video(video_renderer)
  
      def _post_thread_entries(self, post_thread_renderer):
          post_renderer = try_get(
              post_thread_renderer, lambda x: x['post']['backstagePostRenderer'], dict)
          if not post_renderer:
              return
          # video attachment
          video_renderer = try_get(
              post_renderer, lambda x: x['backstageAttachment']['videoRenderer'], dict)
          video_id = None
          if video_renderer:
              entry = self._video_entry(video_renderer)
              if entry:
                  yield entry
          # inline video links
          runs = try_get(post_renderer, lambda x: x['contentText']['runs'], list) or []
          for run in runs:
              if not isinstance(run, dict):
                  continue
              ep_url = try_get(
                  run, lambda x: x['navigationEndpoint']['urlEndpoint']['url'], compat_str)
              if not ep_url:
                  continue
              if not YoutubeIE.suitable(ep_url):
                  continue
              ep_video_id = YoutubeIE._match_id(ep_url)
              if video_id == ep_video_id:
                  continue
              yield self.url_result(ep_url, ie=YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=video_id)
  
      def _post_thread_continuation_entries(self, post_thread_continuation):
          contents = post_thread_continuation.get('contents')
          if not isinstance(contents, list):
              return
          for content in contents:
              renderer = content.get('backstagePostThreadRenderer')
              if not isinstance(renderer, dict):
                  continue
              for entry in self._post_thread_entries(renderer):
                  yield entry
  
      def _rich_grid_entries(self, contents):
          for content in contents:
              video_renderer = try_get(content, lambda x: x['richItemRenderer']['content']['videoRenderer'], dict)
              if video_renderer:
                  entry = self._video_entry(video_renderer)
                  if entry:
                      yield entry
  
      @staticmethod
      def _build_continuation_query(continuation, ctp=None):
          query = {
              'ctoken': continuation,
              'continuation': continuation,
          }
          if ctp:
              query['itct'] = ctp
          return query
  
      @staticmethod
      def _extract_next_continuation_data(renderer):
          next_continuation = try_get(
              renderer, lambda x: x['continuations'][0]['nextContinuationData'], dict)
          if not next_continuation:
              return
          continuation = next_continuation.get('continuation')
          if not continuation:
              return
          ctp = next_continuation.get('clickTrackingParams')
          return YoutubeTabIE._build_continuation_query(continuation, ctp)
  
      @classmethod
      def _extract_continuation(cls, renderer):
          next_continuation = cls._extract_next_continuation_data(renderer)
          if next_continuation:
              return next_continuation
          contents = []
          for key in ('contents', 'items'):
              contents.extend(try_get(renderer, lambda x: x[key], list) or [])
          for content in contents:
              if not isinstance(content, dict):
                  continue
              continuation_ep = try_get(
                  content, lambda x: x['continuationItemRenderer']['continuationEndpoint'],
                  dict)
              if not continuation_ep:
                  continue
              continuation = try_get(
                  continuation_ep, lambda x: x['continuationCommand']['token'], compat_str)
              if not continuation:
                  continue
              ctp = continuation_ep.get('clickTrackingParams')
              return YoutubeTabIE._build_continuation_query(continuation, ctp)
  
      def _entries(self, tab, item_id, webpage):
          tab_content = try_get(tab, lambda x: x['content'], dict)
          if not tab_content:
              return
          slr_renderer = try_get(tab_content, lambda x: x['sectionListRenderer'], dict)
          if slr_renderer:
              is_channels_tab = tab.get('title') == 'Channels'
              continuation = None
              slr_contents = try_get(slr_renderer, lambda x: x['contents'], list) or []
              for slr_content in slr_contents:
                  if not isinstance(slr_content, dict):
                      continue
                  is_renderer = try_get(slr_content, lambda x: x['itemSectionRenderer'], dict)
                  if not is_renderer:
                      continue
                  isr_contents = try_get(is_renderer, lambda x: x['contents'], list) or []
                  for isr_content in isr_contents:
                      if not isinstance(isr_content, dict):
                          continue
                      renderer = isr_content.get('playlistVideoListRenderer')
                      if renderer:
                          for entry in self._playlist_entries(renderer):
                              yield entry
                          continuation = self._extract_continuation(renderer)
                          continue
                      renderer = isr_content.get('gridRenderer')
                      if renderer:
                          for entry in self._grid_entries(renderer):
                              yield entry
                          continuation = self._extract_continuation(renderer)
                          continue
                      renderer = isr_content.get('shelfRenderer')
                      if renderer:
                          for entry in self._shelf_entries(renderer, not is_channels_tab):
                              yield entry
                          continue
                      renderer = isr_content.get('backstagePostThreadRenderer')
                      if renderer:
                          for entry in self._post_thread_entries(renderer):
                              yield entry
                          continuation = self._extract_continuation(renderer)
                          continue
                      renderer = isr_content.get('videoRenderer')
                      if renderer:
                          entry = self._video_entry(renderer)
                          if entry:
                              yield entry
  
                  if not continuation:
                      continuation = self._extract_continuation(is_renderer)
              if not continuation:
                  continuation = self._extract_continuation(slr_renderer)
          else:
              rich_grid_renderer = tab_content.get('richGridRenderer')
              if not rich_grid_renderer:
                  return
              for entry in self._rich_grid_entries(rich_grid_renderer.get('contents') or []):
                  yield entry
              continuation = self._extract_continuation(rich_grid_renderer)
  
          ytcfg = self._extract_ytcfg(item_id, webpage)
          client_version = try_get(
              ytcfg, lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CLIENT_VERSION'], compat_str) or '2.20210407.08.00'
  
          headers = {
              'x-youtube-client-name': '1',
              'x-youtube-client-version': client_version,
              'content-type': 'application/json',
          }
  
          context = try_get(ytcfg, lambda x: x['INNERTUBE_CONTEXT'], dict) or {
              'client': {
                  'clientName': 'WEB',
                  'clientVersion': client_version,
              }
          }
          visitor_data = try_get(context, lambda x: x['client']['visitorData'], compat_str)
  
          identity_token = self._extract_identity_token(ytcfg, webpage)
          if identity_token:
              headers['x-youtube-identity-token'] = identity_token
  
          data = {
              'context': context,
          }
  
          for page_num in itertools.count(1):
              if not continuation:
                  break
              if visitor_data:
                  headers['x-goog-visitor-id'] = visitor_data
              data['continuation'] = continuation['continuation']
              data['clickTracking'] = {
                  'clickTrackingParams': continuation['itct']
              }
              count = 0
              retries = 3
              while count <= retries:
                  try:
                      # Downloading page may result in intermittent 5xx HTTP error
                      # that is usually worked around with a retry
                      response = self._download_json(
                          'https://www.youtube.com/youtubei/v1/browse?key=AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8',
                          None, 'Downloading page %d%s' % (page_num, ' (retry #%d)' % count if count else ''),
                          headers=headers, data=json.dumps(data).encode('utf8'))
                      break
                  except ExtractorError as e:
                      if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and e.cause.code in (500, 503):
                          count += 1
                          if count <= retries:
                              continue
                      raise
              if not response:
                  break
  
              visitor_data = try_get(
                  response, lambda x: x['responseContext']['visitorData'], compat_str) or visitor_data
  
              continuation_contents = try_get(
                  response, lambda x: x['continuationContents'], dict)
              if continuation_contents:
                  continuation_renderer = continuation_contents.get('playlistVideoListContinuation')
                  if continuation_renderer:
                      for entry in self._playlist_entries(continuation_renderer):
                          yield entry
                      continuation = self._extract_continuation(continuation_renderer)
                      continue
                  continuation_renderer = continuation_contents.get('gridContinuation')
                  if continuation_renderer:
                      for entry in self._grid_entries(continuation_renderer):
                          yield entry
                      continuation = self._extract_continuation(continuation_renderer)
                      continue
                  continuation_renderer = continuation_contents.get('itemSectionContinuation')
                  if continuation_renderer:
                      for entry in self._post_thread_continuation_entries(continuation_renderer):
                          yield entry
                      continuation = self._extract_continuation(continuation_renderer)
                      continue
  
              on_response_received = dict_get(response, ('onResponseReceivedActions', 'onResponseReceivedEndpoints'))
              continuation_items = try_get(
                  on_response_received, lambda x: x[0]['appendContinuationItemsAction']['continuationItems'], list)
              if continuation_items:
                  continuation_item = continuation_items[0]
                  if not isinstance(continuation_item, dict):
                      continue
                  renderer = self._extract_grid_item_renderer(continuation_item)
                  if renderer:
                      grid_renderer = {'items': continuation_items}
                      for entry in self._grid_entries(grid_renderer):
                          yield entry
                      continuation = self._extract_continuation(grid_renderer)
                      continue
                  renderer = continuation_item.get('playlistVideoRenderer') or continuation_item.get('itemSectionRenderer')
                  if renderer:
                      video_list_renderer = {'contents': continuation_items}
                      for entry in self._playlist_entries(video_list_renderer):
                          yield entry
                      continuation = self._extract_continuation(video_list_renderer)
                      continue
                  renderer = continuation_item.get('backstagePostThreadRenderer')
                  if renderer:
                      continuation_renderer = {'contents': continuation_items}
                      for entry in self._post_thread_continuation_entries(continuation_renderer):
                          yield entry
                      continuation = self._extract_continuation(continuation_renderer)
                      continue
                  renderer = continuation_item.get('richItemRenderer')
                  if renderer:
                      for entry in self._rich_grid_entries(continuation_items):
                          yield entry
                      continuation = self._extract_continuation({'contents': continuation_items})
                      continue
  
              break
  
      @staticmethod
      def _extract_selected_tab(tabs):
          for tab in tabs:
              if try_get(tab, lambda x: x['tabRenderer']['selected'], bool):
                  return tab['tabRenderer']
          else:
              raise ExtractorError('Unable to find selected tab')
  
      @staticmethod
      def _extract_uploader(data):
          uploader = {}
          sidebar_renderer = try_get(
              data, lambda x: x['sidebar']['playlistSidebarRenderer']['items'], list)
          if sidebar_renderer:
              for item in sidebar_renderer:
                  if not isinstance(item, dict):
                      continue
                  renderer = item.get('playlistSidebarSecondaryInfoRenderer')
                  if not isinstance(renderer, dict):
                      continue
                  owner = try_get(
                      renderer, lambda x: x['videoOwner']['videoOwnerRenderer']['title']['runs'][0], dict)
                  if owner:
                      uploader['uploader'] = owner.get('text')
                      uploader['uploader_id'] = try_get(
                          owner, lambda x: x['navigationEndpoint']['browseEndpoint']['browseId'], compat_str)
                      uploader['uploader_url'] = urljoin(
                          'https://www.youtube.com/',
                          try_get(owner, lambda x: x['navigationEndpoint']['browseEndpoint']['canonicalBaseUrl'], compat_str))
          return uploader
  
      @staticmethod
      def _extract_alert(data):
          alerts = []
          for alert in try_get(data, lambda x: x['alerts'], list) or []:
              if not isinstance(alert, dict):
                  continue
              alert_text = try_get(
                  alert, lambda x: x['alertRenderer']['text'], dict)
              if not alert_text:
                  continue
              text = try_get(
                  alert_text,
                  (lambda x: x['simpleText'], lambda x: x['runs'][0]['text']),
                  compat_str)
              if text:
                  alerts.append(text)
          return '\n'.join(alerts)
  
      def _extract_from_tabs(self, item_id, webpage, data, tabs):
          selected_tab = self._extract_selected_tab(tabs)
          renderer = try_get(
              data, lambda x: x['metadata']['channelMetadataRenderer'], dict)
          playlist_id = item_id
          title = description = None
          if renderer:
              channel_title = renderer.get('title') or item_id
              tab_title = selected_tab.get('title')
              title = channel_title or item_id
              if tab_title:
                  title += ' - %s' % tab_title
              description = renderer.get('description')
              playlist_id = renderer.get('externalId')
          else:
              renderer = try_get(
                  data, lambda x: x['metadata']['playlistMetadataRenderer'], dict)
              if renderer:
                  title = renderer.get('title')
              else:
                  renderer = try_get(
                      data, lambda x: x['header']['hashtagHeaderRenderer'], dict)
                  if renderer:
                      title = try_get(renderer, lambda x: x['hashtag']['simpleText'])
          playlist = self.playlist_result(
              self._entries(selected_tab, item_id, webpage),
              playlist_id=playlist_id, playlist_title=title,
              playlist_description=description)
          playlist.update(self._extract_uploader(data))
          return playlist
  
      def _extract_from_playlist(self, item_id, url, data, playlist):
          title = playlist.get('title') or try_get(
              data, lambda x: x['titleText']['simpleText'], compat_str)
          playlist_id = playlist.get('playlistId') or item_id
          # Inline playlist rendition continuation does not always work
          # at Youtube side, so delegating regular tab-based playlist URL
          # processing whenever possible.
          playlist_url = urljoin(url, try_get(
              playlist, lambda x: x['endpoint']['commandMetadata']['webCommandMetadata']['url'],
              compat_str))
          if playlist_url and playlist_url != url:
              return self.url_result(
                  playlist_url, ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=playlist_id,
                  video_title=title)
          return self.playlist_result(
              self._playlist_entries(playlist), playlist_id=playlist_id,
              playlist_title=title)
  
      def _extract_identity_token(self, ytcfg, webpage):
          if ytcfg:
              token = try_get(ytcfg, lambda x: x['ID_TOKEN'], compat_str)
              if token:
                  return token
          return self._search_regex(
              r'\bID_TOKEN["\']\s*:\s*["\'](.+?)["\']', webpage,
              'identity token', default=None)
  
      def _real_extract(self, url):
          item_id = self._match_id(url)
          url = compat_urlparse.urlunparse(
              compat_urlparse.urlparse(url)._replace(netloc='www.youtube.com'))
          # Handle both video/playlist URLs
          qs = parse_qs(url)
          video_id = qs.get('v', [None])[0]
          playlist_id = qs.get('list', [None])[0]
          if video_id and playlist_id:
              if self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
                  self.to_screen('Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
                  return self.url_result(video_id, ie=YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=video_id)
              self.to_screen('Downloading playlist %s - add --no-playlist to just download video %s' % (playlist_id, video_id))
          webpage = self._download_webpage(url, item_id)
          data = self._extract_yt_initial_data(item_id, webpage)
          tabs = try_get(
              data, lambda x: x['contents']['twoColumnBrowseResultsRenderer']['tabs'], list)
          if tabs:
              return self._extract_from_tabs(item_id, webpage, data, tabs)
          playlist = try_get(
              data, lambda x: x['contents']['twoColumnWatchNextResults']['playlist']['playlist'], dict)
          if playlist:
              return self._extract_from_playlist(item_id, url, data, playlist)
          # Fallback to video extraction if no playlist alike page is recognized.
          # First check for the current video then try the v attribute of URL query.
          video_id = try_get(
              data, lambda x: x['currentVideoEndpoint']['watchEndpoint']['videoId'],
              compat_str) or video_id
          if video_id:
              return self.url_result(video_id, ie=YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=video_id)
          # Capture and output alerts
          alert = self._extract_alert(data)
          if alert:
              raise ExtractorError(alert, expected=True)
          # Failed to recognize
          raise ExtractorError('Unable to recognize tab page')
  
  
  class YoutubePlaylistIE(InfoExtractor):
      IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com playlists'
      _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)(?:
                          (?:https?://)?
                          (?:\w+\.)?
                          (?:
                              (?:
                                  youtube(?:kids)?\.com|
                                  invidio\.us
                              )
                              /.*?\?.*?\blist=
                          )?
                          (?P<id>%(playlist_id)s)
                       )''' % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
      IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlist'
      _TESTS = [{
          'note': 'issue #673',
          'url': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
          'info_dict': {
              'title': '[OLD]Team Fortress 2 (Class-based LP)',
              'id': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
              'uploader': 'Wickydoo',
              'uploader_id': 'UCKSpbfbl5kRQpTdL7kMc-1Q',
          },
          'playlist_mincount': 29,
      }, {
          'url': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
          'info_dict': {
              'title': 'YDL_safe_search',
              'id': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbY9oDN3drwC3cMbJggS7dKl',
          },
          'playlist_count': 2,
          'skip': 'This playlist is private',
      }, {
          'note': 'embedded',
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?list=PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
          'playlist_count': 4,
          'info_dict': {
              'title': 'JODA15',
              'id': 'PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
              'uploader': 'milan',
              'uploader_id': 'UCEI1-PVPcYXjB73Hfelbmaw',
          }
      }, {
          'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/embed/_xDOZElKyNU?list=PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
          'playlist_mincount': 982,
          'info_dict': {
              'title': '2018 Chinese New Singles (11/6 updated)',
              'id': 'PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
              'uploader': 'LBK',
              'uploader_id': 'UC21nz3_MesPLqtDqwdvnoxA',
          }
      }, {
          'url': 'TLGGrESM50VT6acwMjAyMjAxNw',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          # music album playlist
          'url': 'OLAK5uy_m4xAFdmMC5rX3Ji3g93pQe3hqLZw_9LhM',
          'only_matching': True,
      }]
  
      @classmethod
      def suitable(cls, url):
          if YoutubeTabIE.suitable(url):
              return False
          # Hack for lazy extractors until more generic solution is implemented
          # (see #28780)
          from .youtube import parse_qs
          qs = parse_qs(url)
          if qs.get('v', [None])[0]:
              return False
          return super(YoutubePlaylistIE, cls).suitable(url)
  
      def _real_extract(self, url):
          playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
          qs = parse_qs(url)
          if not qs:
              qs = {'list': playlist_id}
          return self.url_result(
              update_url_query('https://www.youtube.com/playlist', qs),
              ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=playlist_id)
  
  
  class YoutubeYtBeIE(InfoExtractor):
      _VALID_URL = r'https?://youtu\.be/(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})/*?.*?\blist=(?P<playlist_id>%(playlist_id)s)' % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
      _TESTS = [{
          'url': 'https://youtu.be/yeWKywCrFtk?list=PL2qgrgXsNUG5ig9cat4ohreBjYLAPC0J5',
          'info_dict': {
              'id': 'yeWKywCrFtk',
              'ext': 'mp4',
              'title': 'Small Scale Baler and Braiding Rugs',
              'uploader': 'Backus-Page House Museum',
              'uploader_id': 'backuspagemuseum',
              'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/backuspagemuseum',
              'upload_date': '20161008',
              'description': 'md5:800c0c78d5eb128500bffd4f0b4f2e8a',
              'categories': ['Nonprofits & Activism'],
              'tags': list,
              'like_count': int,
              'dislike_count': int,
          },
          'params': {
              'noplaylist': True,
              'skip_download': True,
          },
      }, {
          'url': 'https://youtu.be/uWyaPkt-VOI?list=PL9D9FC436B881BA21',
          'only_matching': True,
      }]
  
      def _real_extract(self, url):
          mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
          video_id = mobj.group('id')
          playlist_id = mobj.group('playlist_id')
          return self.url_result(
              update_url_query('https://www.youtube.com/watch', {
                  'v': video_id,
                  'list': playlist_id,
                  'feature': 'youtu.be',
              }), ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=playlist_id)
  
  
  class YoutubeYtUserIE(InfoExtractor):
      _VALID_URL = r'ytuser:(?P<id>.+)'
      _TESTS = [{
          'url': 'ytuser:phihag',
          'only_matching': True,
      }]
  
      def _real_extract(self, url):
          user_id = self._match_id(url)
          return self.url_result(
              'https://www.youtube.com/user/%s' % user_id,
              ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key(), video_id=user_id)
  
  
  class YoutubeFavouritesIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
      IE_NAME = 'youtube:favorites'
      IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com favourite videos, ":ytfav" for short (requires authentication)'
      _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/my_favorites|:ytfav(?:ou?rites)?'
      _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
      _TESTS = [{
          'url': ':ytfav',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          'url': ':ytfavorites',
          'only_matching': True,
      }]
  
      def _real_extract(self, url):
          return self.url_result(
              'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=LL',
              ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key())
  
  
  class YoutubeSearchIE(SearchInfoExtractor, YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
      IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches'
      # there doesn't appear to be a real limit, for example if you search for
      # 'python' you get more than 8.000.000 results
      _MAX_RESULTS = float('inf')
      IE_NAME = 'youtube:search'
      _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearch'
      _SEARCH_PARAMS = None
      _TESTS = []
  
      def _entries(self, query, n):
          data = {
              'context': {
                  'client': {
                      'clientName': 'WEB',
                      'clientVersion': '2.20201021.03.00',
                  }
              },
              'query': query,
          }
          if self._SEARCH_PARAMS:
              data['params'] = self._SEARCH_PARAMS
          total = 0
          for page_num in itertools.count(1):
              search = self._download_json(
                  'https://www.youtube.com/youtubei/v1/search?key=AIzaSyAO_FJ2SlqU8Q4STEHLGCilw_Y9_11qcW8',
                  video_id='query "%s"' % query,
                  note='Downloading page %s' % page_num,
                  errnote='Unable to download API page', fatal=False,
                  data=json.dumps(data).encode('utf8'),
                  headers={'content-type': 'application/json'})
              if not search:
                  break
              slr_contents = try_get(
                  search,
                  (lambda x: x['contents']['twoColumnSearchResultsRenderer']['primaryContents']['sectionListRenderer']['contents'],
                   lambda x: x['onResponseReceivedCommands'][0]['appendContinuationItemsAction']['continuationItems']),
                  list)
              if not slr_contents:
                  break
              for slr_content in slr_contents:
                  isr_contents = try_get(
                      slr_content,
                      lambda x: x['itemSectionRenderer']['contents'],
                      list)
                  if not isr_contents:
                      continue
                  for content in isr_contents:
                      if not isinstance(content, dict):
                          continue
                      video = content.get('videoRenderer')
                      if not isinstance(video, dict):
                          continue
                      video_id = video.get('videoId')
                      if not video_id:
                          continue
                      yield self._extract_video(video)
                      total += 1
                      if total == n:
                          return
              token = try_get(
                  slr_contents,
                  lambda x: x[-1]['continuationItemRenderer']['continuationEndpoint']['continuationCommand']['token'],
                  compat_str)
              if not token:
                  break
              data['continuation'] = token
  
      def _get_n_results(self, query, n):
          """Get a specified number of results for a query"""
          return self.playlist_result(self._entries(query, n), query)
  
  
  class YoutubeSearchDateIE(YoutubeSearchIE):
      IE_NAME = YoutubeSearchIE.IE_NAME + ':date'
      _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearchdate'
      IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com searches, newest videos first'
      _SEARCH_PARAMS = 'CAI%3D'
  
  
  r"""
  class YoutubeSearchURLIE(YoutubeSearchIE):
      IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com search URLs'
      IE_NAME = 'youtube:search_url'
      _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/results\?(.*?&)?(?:search_query|q)=(?P<query>[^&]+)(?:[&]|$)'
      _TESTS = [{
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?baz=bar&search_query=youtube-dl+test+video&filters=video&lclk=video',
          'playlist_mincount': 5,
          'info_dict': {
              'title': 'youtube-dl test video',
          }
      }, {
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/results?q=test&sp=EgQIBBgB',
          'only_matching': True,
      }]
  
      def _real_extract(self, url):
          mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
          query = compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(mobj.group('query'))
          webpage = self._download_webpage(url, query)
          return self.playlist_result(self._process_page(webpage), playlist_title=query)
  """
  
  
  class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(YoutubeTabIE):
      """
      Base class for feed extractors
      Subclasses must define the _FEED_NAME property.
      """
      _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
  
      @property
      def IE_NAME(self):
          return 'youtube:%s' % self._FEED_NAME
  
      def _real_initialize(self):
          self._login()
  
      def _real_extract(self, url):
          return self.url_result(
              'https://www.youtube.com/feed/%s' % self._FEED_NAME,
              ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key())
  
  
  class YoutubeWatchLaterIE(InfoExtractor):
      IE_NAME = 'youtube:watchlater'
      IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch later list, ":ytwatchlater" for short (requires authentication)'
      _VALID_URL = r':ytwatchlater'
      _TESTS = [{
          'url': ':ytwatchlater',
          'only_matching': True,
      }]
  
      def _real_extract(self, url):
          return self.url_result(
              'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=WL', ie=YoutubeTabIE.ie_key())
  
  
  class YoutubeRecommendedIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
      IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com recommended videos, ":ytrec" for short (requires authentication)'
      _VALID_URL = r':ytrec(?:ommended)?'
      _FEED_NAME = 'recommended'
      _TESTS = [{
          'url': ':ytrec',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          'url': ':ytrecommended',
          'only_matching': True,
      }]
  
  
  class YoutubeSubscriptionsIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
      IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com subscriptions feed, "ytsubs" keyword (requires authentication)'
      _VALID_URL = r':ytsubs(?:criptions)?'
      _FEED_NAME = 'subscriptions'
      _TESTS = [{
          'url': ':ytsubs',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          'url': ':ytsubscriptions',
          'only_matching': True,
      }]
  
  
  class YoutubeHistoryIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
      IE_DESC = 'Youtube watch history, ":ythistory" for short (requires authentication)'
      _VALID_URL = r':ythistory'
      _FEED_NAME = 'history'
      _TESTS = [{
          'url': ':ythistory',
          'only_matching': True,
      }]
  
  
  class YoutubeTruncatedURLIE(InfoExtractor):
      IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_url'
      IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
      _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
          (?:https?://)?
          (?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/
          (?:watch\?(?:
              feature=[a-z_]+|
              annotation_id=annotation_[^&]+|
              x-yt-cl=[0-9]+|
              hl=[^&]*|
              t=[0-9]+
          )?
          |
              attribution_link\?a=[^&]+
          )
          $
      '''
  
      _TESTS = [{
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?annotation_id=annotation_3951667041',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?x-yt-cl=84503534',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?hl=en-GB',
          'only_matching': True,
      }, {
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=2372',
          'only_matching': True,
      }]
  
      def _real_extract(self, url):
          raise ExtractorError(
              'Did you forget to quote the URL? Remember that & is a meta '
              'character in most shells, so you want to put the URL in quotes, '
              'like  youtube-dl '
              '"https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo&v=BaW_jenozKc" '
              ' or simply  youtube-dl BaW_jenozKc  .',
              expected=True)
  
  
  class YoutubeTruncatedIDIE(InfoExtractor):
      IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_id'
      IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
      _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{1,10})$'
  
      _TESTS = [{
          'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N_708QY7Ob',
          'only_matching': True,
      }]
  
      def _real_extract(self, url):
          video_id = self._match_id(url)
          raise ExtractorError(
              'Incomplete YouTube ID %s. URL %s looks truncated.' % (video_id, url),
              expected=True)
  