text: /*
   * Driver interaction with generic Linux Wireless Extensions
   * Copyright (c) 2003-2015, Jouni Malinen <j@w1.fi>
   *
   * This software may be distributed under the terms of the BSD license.
   * See README for more details.
   *
   * This file implements a driver interface for the Linux Wireless Extensions.
   * When used with WE-18 or newer, this interface can be used as-is with number
   * of drivers. In addition to this, some of the common functions in this file
   * can be used by other driver interface implementations that use generic WE
   * ioctls, but require private ioctls for some of the functionality.
   */
  
  #include "includes.h"
  #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  #include <sys/types.h>
  #include <sys/stat.h>
  #include <fcntl.h>
  #include <net/if_arp.h>
  #include <dirent.h>
  
  #include "linux_wext.h"
  #include "common.h"
  #include "eloop.h"
  #include "common/ieee802_11_defs.h"
  #include "common/wpa_common.h"
  #include "priv_netlink.h"
  #include "netlink.h"
  #include "linux_ioctl.h"
  #include "rfkill.h"
  #include "driver.h"
  #include "driver_wext.h"
  
  static int wpa_driver_wext_flush_pmkid(void *priv);
  static int wpa_driver_wext_get_range(void *priv);
  static int wpa_driver_wext_finish_drv_init(struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv);
  static void wpa_driver_wext_disconnect(struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv);
  static int wpa_driver_wext_set_auth_alg(void *priv, int auth_alg);
  
  
  int wpa_driver_wext_set_auth_param(struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv,
  				   int idx, u32 value)
  {
  	struct iwreq iwr;
  	int ret = 0;
  
  	os_memset(&iwr, 0, sizeof(iwr));
  	os_strlcpy(iwr.ifr_name, drv->ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
  	iwr.u.param.flags = idx & IW_AUTH_INDEX;
  	iwr.u.param.value = value;
  
  	if (ioctl(drv->ioctl_sock, SIOCSIWAUTH, &iwr) < 0) {
  		if (errno != EOPNOTSUPP) {
  			wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: SIOCSIWAUTH(param %d "
  				   "value 0x%x) failed: %s)",
  				   idx, value, strerror(errno));
  		}
  		ret = errno == EOPNOTSUPP ? -2 : -1;
  	}
  
  	return ret;
  }
  
  
  /**
   * wpa_driver_wext_get_bssid - Get BSSID, SIOCGIWAP
   * @priv: Pointer to private wext data from wpa_driver_wext_init()
   * @bssid: Buffer for BSSID
   * Returns: 0 on success, -1 on failure
   */
  int wpa_driver_wext_get_bssid(void *priv, u8 *bssid)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	struct iwreq iwr;
  	int ret = 0;
  
  	os_memset(&iwr, 0, sizeof(iwr));
  	os_strlcpy(iwr.ifr_name, drv->ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
  
  	if (ioctl(drv->ioctl_sock, SIOCGIWAP, &iwr) < 0) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "ioctl[SIOCGIWAP]: %s", strerror(errno));
  		ret = -1;
  	}
  	os_memcpy(bssid, iwr.u.ap_addr.sa_data, ETH_ALEN);
  
  	return ret;
  }
  
  
  /**
   * wpa_driver_wext_set_bssid - Set BSSID, SIOCSIWAP
   * @priv: Pointer to private wext data from wpa_driver_wext_init()
   * @bssid: BSSID
   * Returns: 0 on success, -1 on failure
   */
  int wpa_driver_wext_set_bssid(void *priv, const u8 *bssid)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	struct iwreq iwr;
  	int ret = 0;
  
  	os_memset(&iwr, 0, sizeof(iwr));
  	os_strlcpy(iwr.ifr_name, drv->ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
  	iwr.u.ap_addr.sa_family = ARPHRD_ETHER;
  	if (bssid)
  		os_memcpy(iwr.u.ap_addr.sa_data, bssid, ETH_ALEN);
  	else
  		os_memset(iwr.u.ap_addr.sa_data, 0, ETH_ALEN);
  
  	if (ioctl(drv->ioctl_sock, SIOCSIWAP, &iwr) < 0) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "ioctl[SIOCSIWAP]: %s", strerror(errno));
  		ret = -1;
  	}
  
  	return ret;
  }
  
  
  /**
   * wpa_driver_wext_get_ssid - Get SSID, SIOCGIWESSID
   * @priv: Pointer to private wext data from wpa_driver_wext_init()
   * @ssid: Buffer for the SSID; must be at least 32 bytes long
   * Returns: SSID length on success, -1 on failure
   */
  int wpa_driver_wext_get_ssid(void *priv, u8 *ssid)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	struct iwreq iwr;
  	int ret = 0;
  
  	os_memset(&iwr, 0, sizeof(iwr));
  	os_strlcpy(iwr.ifr_name, drv->ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
  	iwr.u.essid.pointer = (caddr_t) ssid;
  	iwr.u.essid.length = SSID_MAX_LEN;
  
  	if (ioctl(drv->ioctl_sock, SIOCGIWESSID, &iwr) < 0) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "ioctl[SIOCGIWESSID]: %s",
  			   strerror(errno));
  		ret = -1;
  	} else {
  		ret = iwr.u.essid.length;
  		if (ret > SSID_MAX_LEN)
  			ret = SSID_MAX_LEN;
  		/* Some drivers include nul termination in the SSID, so let's
  		 * remove it here before further processing. WE-21 changes this
  		 * to explicitly require the length _not_ to include nul
  		 * termination. */
  		if (ret > 0 && ssid[ret - 1] == '\0' &&
  		    drv->we_version_compiled < 21)
  			ret--;
  	}
  
  	return ret;
  }
  
  
  /**
   * wpa_driver_wext_set_ssid - Set SSID, SIOCSIWESSID
   * @priv: Pointer to private wext data from wpa_driver_wext_init()
   * @ssid: SSID
   * @ssid_len: Length of SSID (0..32)
   * Returns: 0 on success, -1 on failure
   */
  int wpa_driver_wext_set_ssid(void *priv, const u8 *ssid, size_t ssid_len)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	struct iwreq iwr;
  	int ret = 0;
  	char buf[33];
  
  	if (ssid_len > SSID_MAX_LEN)
  		return -1;
  
  	os_memset(&iwr, 0, sizeof(iwr));
  	os_strlcpy(iwr.ifr_name, drv->ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
  	/* flags: 1 = ESSID is active, 0 = not (promiscuous) */
  	iwr.u.essid.flags = (ssid_len != 0);
  	os_memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
  	os_memcpy(buf, ssid, ssid_len);
  	iwr.u.essid.pointer = (caddr_t) buf;
  	if (drv->we_version_compiled < 21) {
  		/* For historic reasons, set SSID length to include one extra
  		 * character, C string nul termination, even though SSID is
  		 * really an octet string that should not be presented as a C
  		 * string. Some Linux drivers decrement the length by one and
  		 * can thus end up missing the last octet of the SSID if the
  		 * length is not incremented here. WE-21 changes this to
  		 * explicitly require the length _not_ to include nul
  		 * termination. */
  		if (ssid_len)
  			ssid_len++;
  	}
  	iwr.u.essid.length = ssid_len;
  
  	if (ioctl(drv->ioctl_sock, SIOCSIWESSID, &iwr) < 0) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "ioctl[SIOCSIWESSID]: %s",
  			   strerror(errno));
  		ret = -1;
  	}
  
  	return ret;
  }
  
  
  /**
   * wpa_driver_wext_set_freq - Set frequency/channel, SIOCSIWFREQ
   * @priv: Pointer to private wext data from wpa_driver_wext_init()
   * @freq: Frequency in MHz
   * Returns: 0 on success, -1 on failure
   */
  int wpa_driver_wext_set_freq(void *priv, int freq)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	struct iwreq iwr;
  	int ret = 0;
  
  	os_memset(&iwr, 0, sizeof(iwr));
  	os_strlcpy(iwr.ifr_name, drv->ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
  	iwr.u.freq.m = freq * 100000;
  	iwr.u.freq.e = 1;
  
  	if (ioctl(drv->ioctl_sock, SIOCSIWFREQ, &iwr) < 0) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "ioctl[SIOCSIWFREQ]: %s",
  			   strerror(errno));
  		ret = -1;
  	}
  
  	return ret;
  }
  
  
  static void
  wpa_driver_wext_event_wireless_custom(void *ctx, char *custom)
  {
  	union wpa_event_data data;
  
  	wpa_printf(MSG_MSGDUMP, "WEXT: Custom wireless event: '%s'",
  		   custom);
  
  	os_memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
  	/* Host AP driver */
  	if (os_strncmp(custom, "MLME-MICHAELMICFAILURE.indication", 33) == 0) {
  		data.michael_mic_failure.unicast =
  			os_strstr(custom, " unicast ") != NULL;
  		/* TODO: parse parameters(?) */
  		wpa_supplicant_event(ctx, EVENT_MICHAEL_MIC_FAILURE, &data);
  	} else if (os_strncmp(custom, "ASSOCINFO(ReqIEs=", 17) == 0) {
  		char *spos;
  		int bytes;
  		u8 *req_ies = NULL, *resp_ies = NULL;
  
  		spos = custom + 17;
  
  		bytes = strspn(spos, "0123456789abcdefABCDEF");
  		if (!bytes || (bytes & 1))
  			return;
  		bytes /= 2;
  
  		req_ies = os_malloc(bytes);
  		if (req_ies == NULL ||
  		    hexstr2bin(spos, req_ies, bytes) < 0)
  			goto done;
  		data.assoc_info.req_ies = req_ies;
  		data.assoc_info.req_ies_len = bytes;
  
  		spos += bytes * 2;
  
  		data.assoc_info.resp_ies = NULL;
  		data.assoc_info.resp_ies_len = 0;
  
  		if (os_strncmp(spos, " RespIEs=", 9) == 0) {
  			spos += 9;
  
  			bytes = strspn(spos, "0123456789abcdefABCDEF");
  			if (!bytes || (bytes & 1))
  				goto done;
  			bytes /= 2;
  
  			resp_ies = os_malloc(bytes);
  			if (resp_ies == NULL ||
  			    hexstr2bin(spos, resp_ies, bytes) < 0)
  				goto done;
  			data.assoc_info.resp_ies = resp_ies;
  			data.assoc_info.resp_ies_len = bytes;
  		}
  
  		wpa_supplicant_event(ctx, EVENT_ASSOCINFO, &data);
  
  	done:
  		os_free(resp_ies);
  		os_free(req_ies);
  #ifdef CONFIG_PEERKEY
  	} else if (os_strncmp(custom, "STKSTART.request=", 17) == 0) {
  		if (hwaddr_aton(custom + 17, data.stkstart.peer)) {
  			wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: unrecognized "
  				   "STKSTART.request '%s'", custom + 17);
  			return;
  		}
  		wpa_supplicant_event(ctx, EVENT_STKSTART, &data);
  #endif /* CONFIG_PEERKEY */
  	}
  }
  
  
  static int wpa_driver_wext_event_wireless_michaelmicfailure(
  	void *ctx, const char *ev, size_t len)
  {
  	const struct iw_michaelmicfailure *mic;
  	union wpa_event_data data;
  
  	if (len < sizeof(*mic))
  		return -1;
  
  	mic = (const struct iw_michaelmicfailure *) ev;
  
  	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "Michael MIC failure wireless event: "
  		   "flags=0x%x src_addr=" MACSTR, mic->flags,
  		   MAC2STR(mic->src_addr.sa_data));
  
  	os_memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
  	data.michael_mic_failure.unicast = !(mic->flags & IW_MICFAILURE_GROUP);
  	wpa_supplicant_event(ctx, EVENT_MICHAEL_MIC_FAILURE, &data);
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  
  static int wpa_driver_wext_event_wireless_pmkidcand(
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv, const char *ev, size_t len)
  {
  	const struct iw_pmkid_cand *cand;
  	union wpa_event_data data;
  	const u8 *addr;
  
  	if (len < sizeof(*cand))
  		return -1;
  
  	cand = (const struct iw_pmkid_cand *) ev;
  	addr = (const u8 *) cand->bssid.sa_data;
  
  	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "PMKID candidate wireless event: "
  		   "flags=0x%x index=%d bssid=" MACSTR, cand->flags,
  		   cand->index, MAC2STR(addr));
  
  	os_memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
  	os_memcpy(data.pmkid_candidate.bssid, addr, ETH_ALEN);
  	data.pmkid_candidate.index = cand->index;
  	data.pmkid_candidate.preauth = cand->flags & IW_PMKID_CAND_PREAUTH;
  	wpa_supplicant_event(drv->ctx, EVENT_PMKID_CANDIDATE, &data);
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  
  static int wpa_driver_wext_event_wireless_assocreqie(
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv, const char *ev, int len)
  {
  	if (len < 0)
  		return -1;
  
  	wpa_hexdump(MSG_DEBUG, "AssocReq IE wireless event", (const u8 *) ev,
  		    len);
  	os_free(drv->assoc_req_ies);
  	drv->assoc_req_ies = os_malloc(len);
  	if (drv->assoc_req_ies == NULL) {
  		drv->assoc_req_ies_len = 0;
  		return -1;
  	}
  	os_memcpy(drv->assoc_req_ies, ev, len);
  	drv->assoc_req_ies_len = len;
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  
  static int wpa_driver_wext_event_wireless_assocrespie(
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv, const char *ev, int len)
  {
  	if (len < 0)
  		return -1;
  
  	wpa_hexdump(MSG_DEBUG, "AssocResp IE wireless event", (const u8 *) ev,
  		    len);
  	os_free(drv->assoc_resp_ies);
  	drv->assoc_resp_ies = os_malloc(len);
  	if (drv->assoc_resp_ies == NULL) {
  		drv->assoc_resp_ies_len = 0;
  		return -1;
  	}
  	os_memcpy(drv->assoc_resp_ies, ev, len);
  	drv->assoc_resp_ies_len = len;
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  
  static void wpa_driver_wext_event_assoc_ies(struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv)
  {
  	union wpa_event_data data;
  
  	if (drv->assoc_req_ies == NULL && drv->assoc_resp_ies == NULL)
  		return;
  
  	os_memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
  	if (drv->assoc_req_ies) {
  		data.assoc_info.req_ies = drv->assoc_req_ies;
  		data.assoc_info.req_ies_len = drv->assoc_req_ies_len;
  	}
  	if (drv->assoc_resp_ies) {
  		data.assoc_info.resp_ies = drv->assoc_resp_ies;
  		data.assoc_info.resp_ies_len = drv->assoc_resp_ies_len;
  	}
  
  	wpa_supplicant_event(drv->ctx, EVENT_ASSOCINFO, &data);
  
  	os_free(drv->assoc_req_ies);
  	drv->assoc_req_ies = NULL;
  	os_free(drv->assoc_resp_ies);
  	drv->assoc_resp_ies = NULL;
  }
  
  
  static void wpa_driver_wext_event_wireless(struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv,
  					   char *data, int len)
  {
  	struct iw_event iwe_buf, *iwe = &iwe_buf;
  	char *pos, *end, *custom, *buf;
  
  	pos = data;
  	end = data + len;
  
  	while (pos + IW_EV_LCP_LEN <= end) {
  		/* Event data may be unaligned, so make a local, aligned copy
  		 * before processing. */
  		os_memcpy(&iwe_buf, pos, IW_EV_LCP_LEN);
  		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "Wireless event: cmd=0x%x len=%d",
  			   iwe->cmd, iwe->len);
  		if (iwe->len <= IW_EV_LCP_LEN)
  			return;
  
  		custom = pos + IW_EV_POINT_LEN;
  		if (drv->we_version_compiled > 18 &&
  		    (iwe->cmd == IWEVMICHAELMICFAILURE ||
  		     iwe->cmd == IWEVCUSTOM ||
  		     iwe->cmd == IWEVASSOCREQIE ||
  		     iwe->cmd == IWEVASSOCRESPIE ||
  		     iwe->cmd == IWEVPMKIDCAND)) {
  			/* WE-19 removed the pointer from struct iw_point */
  			char *dpos = (char *) &iwe_buf.u.data.length;
  			int dlen = dpos - (char *) &iwe_buf;
  			os_memcpy(dpos, pos + IW_EV_LCP_LEN,
  				  sizeof(struct iw_event) - dlen);
  		} else {
  			os_memcpy(&iwe_buf, pos, sizeof(struct iw_event));
  			custom += IW_EV_POINT_OFF;
  		}
  
  		switch (iwe->cmd) {
  		case SIOCGIWAP:
  			wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "Wireless event: new AP: "
  				   MACSTR,
  				   MAC2STR((u8 *) iwe->u.ap_addr.sa_data));
  			if (is_zero_ether_addr(
  				    (const u8 *) iwe->u.ap_addr.sa_data) ||
  			    os_memcmp(iwe->u.ap_addr.sa_data,
  				      "\x44\x44\x44\x44\x44\x44", ETH_ALEN) ==
  			    0) {
  				os_free(drv->assoc_req_ies);
  				drv->assoc_req_ies = NULL;
  				os_free(drv->assoc_resp_ies);
  				drv->assoc_resp_ies = NULL;
  				wpa_supplicant_event(drv->ctx, EVENT_DISASSOC,
  						     NULL);
  			
  			} else {
  				wpa_driver_wext_event_assoc_ies(drv);
  				wpa_supplicant_event(drv->ctx, EVENT_ASSOC,
  						     NULL);
  			}
  			break;
  		case IWEVMICHAELMICFAILURE:
  			if (custom + iwe->u.data.length > end) {
  				wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: Invalid "
  					   "IWEVMICHAELMICFAILURE length");
  				return;
  			}
  			wpa_driver_wext_event_wireless_michaelmicfailure(
  				drv->ctx, custom, iwe->u.data.length);
  			break;
  		case IWEVCUSTOM:
  			if (custom + iwe->u.data.length > end) {
  				wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: Invalid "
  					   "IWEVCUSTOM length");
  				return;
  			}
  			buf = dup_binstr(custom, iwe->u.data.length);
  			if (buf == NULL)
  				return;
  			wpa_driver_wext_event_wireless_custom(drv->ctx, buf);
  			os_free(buf);
  			break;
  		case SIOCGIWSCAN:
  			drv->scan_complete_events = 1;
  			eloop_cancel_timeout(wpa_driver_wext_scan_timeout,
  					     drv, drv->ctx);
  			wpa_supplicant_event(drv->ctx, EVENT_SCAN_RESULTS,
  					     NULL);
  			break;
  		case IWEVASSOCREQIE:
  			if (custom + iwe->u.data.length > end) {
  				wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: Invalid "
  					   "IWEVASSOCREQIE length");
  				return;
  			}
  			wpa_driver_wext_event_wireless_assocreqie(
  				drv, custom, iwe->u.data.length);
  			break;
  		case IWEVASSOCRESPIE:
  			if (custom + iwe->u.data.length > end) {
  				wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: Invalid "
  					   "IWEVASSOCRESPIE length");
  				return;
  			}
  			wpa_driver_wext_event_wireless_assocrespie(
  				drv, custom, iwe->u.data.length);
  			break;
  		case IWEVPMKIDCAND:
  			if (custom + iwe->u.data.length > end) {
  				wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: Invalid "
  					   "IWEVPMKIDCAND length");
  				return;
  			}
  			wpa_driver_wext_event_wireless_pmkidcand(
  				drv, custom, iwe->u.data.length);
  			break;
  		}
  
  		pos += iwe->len;
  	}
  }
  
  
  static void wpa_driver_wext_event_link(struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv,
  				       char *buf, size_t len, int del)
  {
  	union wpa_event_data event;
  
  	os_memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));
  	if (len > sizeof(event.interface_status.ifname))
  		len = sizeof(event.interface_status.ifname) - 1;
  	os_memcpy(event.interface_status.ifname, buf, len);
  	event.interface_status.ievent = del ? EVENT_INTERFACE_REMOVED :
  		EVENT_INTERFACE_ADDED;
  
  	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "RTM_%sLINK, IFLA_IFNAME: Interface '%s' %s",
  		   del ? "DEL" : "NEW",
  		   event.interface_status.ifname,
  		   del ? "removed" : "added");
  
  	if (os_strcmp(drv->ifname, event.interface_status.ifname) == 0) {
  		if (del) {
  			if (drv->if_removed) {
  				wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: if_removed "
  					   "already set - ignore event");
  				return;
  			}
  			drv->if_removed = 1;
  		} else {
  			if (if_nametoindex(drv->ifname) == 0) {
  				wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: Interface %s "
  					   "does not exist - ignore "
  					   "RTM_NEWLINK",
  					   drv->ifname);
  				return;
  			}
  			if (!drv->if_removed) {
  				wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: if_removed "
  					   "already cleared - ignore event");
  				return;
  			}
  			drv->if_removed = 0;
  		}
  	}
  
  	wpa_supplicant_event(drv->ctx, EVENT_INTERFACE_STATUS, &event);
  }
  
  
  static int wpa_driver_wext_own_ifname(struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv,
  				      u8 *buf, size_t len)
  {
  	int attrlen, rta_len;
  	struct rtattr *attr;
  
  	attrlen = len;
  	attr = (struct rtattr *) buf;
  
  	rta_len = RTA_ALIGN(sizeof(struct rtattr));
  	while (RTA_OK(attr, attrlen)) {
  		if (attr->rta_type == IFLA_IFNAME) {
  			if (os_strcmp(((char *) attr) + rta_len, drv->ifname)
  			    == 0)
  				return 1;
  			else
  				break;
  		}
  		attr = RTA_NEXT(attr, attrlen);
  	}
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  
  static int wpa_driver_wext_own_ifindex(struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv,
  				       int ifindex, u8 *buf, size_t len)
  {
  	if (drv->ifindex == ifindex || drv->ifindex2 == ifindex)
  		return 1;
  
  	if (drv->if_removed && wpa_driver_wext_own_ifname(drv, buf, len)) {
  		drv->ifindex = if_nametoindex(drv->ifname);
  		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: Update ifindex for a removed "
  			   "interface");
  		wpa_driver_wext_finish_drv_init(drv);
  		return 1;
  	}
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  
  static void wpa_driver_wext_event_rtm_newlink(void *ctx, struct ifinfomsg *ifi,
  					      u8 *buf, size_t len)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = ctx;
  	int attrlen, rta_len;
  	struct rtattr *attr;
  	char namebuf[IFNAMSIZ];
  
  	if (!wpa_driver_wext_own_ifindex(drv, ifi->ifi_index, buf, len)) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "Ignore event for foreign ifindex %d",
  			   ifi->ifi_index);
  		return;
  	}
  
  	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "RTM_NEWLINK: operstate=%d ifi_flags=0x%x "
  		   "(%s%s%s%s)",
  		   drv->operstate, ifi->ifi_flags,
  		   (ifi->ifi_flags & IFF_UP) ? "[UP]" : "",
  		   (ifi->ifi_flags & IFF_RUNNING) ? "[RUNNING]" : "",
  		   (ifi->ifi_flags & IFF_LOWER_UP) ? "[LOWER_UP]" : "",
  		   (ifi->ifi_flags & IFF_DORMANT) ? "[DORMANT]" : "");
  
  	if (!drv->if_disabled && !(ifi->ifi_flags & IFF_UP)) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: Interface down");
  		drv->if_disabled = 1;
  		wpa_supplicant_event(drv->ctx, EVENT_INTERFACE_DISABLED, NULL);
  	}
  
  	if (drv->if_disabled && (ifi->ifi_flags & IFF_UP)) {
  		if (if_indextoname(ifi->ifi_index, namebuf) &&
  		    linux_iface_up(drv->ioctl_sock, drv->ifname) == 0) {
  			wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: Ignore interface up "
  				   "event since interface %s is down",
  				   namebuf);
  		} else if (if_nametoindex(drv->ifname) == 0) {
  			wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: Ignore interface up "
  				   "event since interface %s does not exist",
  				   drv->ifname);
  		} else if (drv->if_removed) {
  			wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: Ignore interface up "
  				   "event since interface %s is marked "
  				   "removed", drv->ifname);
  		} else {
  			wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: Interface up");
  			drv->if_disabled = 0;
  			wpa_supplicant_event(drv->ctx, EVENT_INTERFACE_ENABLED,
  					     NULL);
  		}
  	}
  
  	/*
  	 * Some drivers send the association event before the operup event--in
  	 * this case, lifting operstate in wpa_driver_wext_set_operstate()
  	 * fails. This will hit us when wpa_supplicant does not need to do
  	 * IEEE 802.1X authentication
  	 */
  	if (drv->operstate == 1 &&
  	    (ifi->ifi_flags & (IFF_LOWER_UP | IFF_DORMANT)) == IFF_LOWER_UP &&
  	    !(ifi->ifi_flags & IFF_RUNNING))
  		netlink_send_oper_ifla(drv->netlink, drv->ifindex,
  				       -1, IF_OPER_UP);
  
  	attrlen = len;
  	attr = (struct rtattr *) buf;
  
  	rta_len = RTA_ALIGN(sizeof(struct rtattr));
  	while (RTA_OK(attr, attrlen)) {
  		if (attr->rta_type == IFLA_WIRELESS) {
  			wpa_driver_wext_event_wireless(
  				drv, ((char *) attr) + rta_len,
  				attr->rta_len - rta_len);
  		} else if (attr->rta_type == IFLA_IFNAME) {
  			wpa_driver_wext_event_link(drv,
  						   ((char *) attr) + rta_len,
  						   attr->rta_len - rta_len, 0);
  		}
  		attr = RTA_NEXT(attr, attrlen);
  	}
  }
  
  
  static void wpa_driver_wext_event_rtm_dellink(void *ctx, struct ifinfomsg *ifi,
  					      u8 *buf, size_t len)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = ctx;
  	int attrlen, rta_len;
  	struct rtattr *attr;
  
  	attrlen = len;
  	attr = (struct rtattr *) buf;
  
  	rta_len = RTA_ALIGN(sizeof(struct rtattr));
  	while (RTA_OK(attr, attrlen)) {
  		if (attr->rta_type == IFLA_IFNAME) {
  			wpa_driver_wext_event_link(drv,
  						   ((char *) attr) + rta_len,
  						   attr->rta_len - rta_len, 1);
  		}
  		attr = RTA_NEXT(attr, attrlen);
  	}
  }
  
  
  static void wpa_driver_wext_rfkill_blocked(void *ctx)
  {
  	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: RFKILL blocked");
  	/*
  	 * This may be for any interface; use ifdown event to disable
  	 * interface.
  	 */
  }
  
  
  static void wpa_driver_wext_rfkill_unblocked(void *ctx)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = ctx;
  	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: RFKILL unblocked");
  	if (linux_set_iface_flags(drv->ioctl_sock, drv->ifname, 1)) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: Could not set interface UP "
  			   "after rfkill unblock");
  		return;
  	}
  	/* rtnetlink ifup handler will report interface as enabled */
  }
  
  
  static void wext_get_phy_name(struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv)
  {
  	/* Find phy (radio) to which this interface belongs */
  	char buf[90], *pos;
  	int f, rv;
  
  	drv->phyname[0] = '\0';
  	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf) - 1, "/sys/class/net/%s/phy80211/name",
  		 drv->ifname);
  	f = open(buf, O_RDONLY);
  	if (f < 0) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "Could not open file %s: %s",
  			   buf, strerror(errno));
  		return;
  	}
  
  	rv = read(f, drv->phyname, sizeof(drv->phyname) - 1);
  	close(f);
  	if (rv < 0) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "Could not read file %s: %s",
  			   buf, strerror(errno));
  		return;
  	}
  
  	drv->phyname[rv] = '\0';
  	pos = os_strchr(drv->phyname, '\n');
  	if (pos)
  		*pos = '\0';
  	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "wext: interface %s phy: %s",
  		   drv->ifname, drv->phyname);
  }
  
  
  /**
   * wpa_driver_wext_init - Initialize WE driver interface
   * @ctx: context to be used when calling wpa_supplicant functions,
   * e.g., wpa_supplicant_event()
   * @ifname: interface name, e.g., wlan0
   * Returns: Pointer to private data, %NULL on failure
   */
  void * wpa_driver_wext_init(void *ctx, const char *ifname)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv;
  	struct netlink_config *cfg;
  	struct rfkill_config *rcfg;
  	char path[128];
  	struct stat buf;
  
  	drv = os_zalloc(sizeof(*drv));
  	if (drv == NULL)
  		return NULL;
  	drv->ctx = ctx;
  	os_strlcpy(drv->ifname, ifname, sizeof(drv->ifname));
  
  	os_snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/sys/class/net/%s/phy80211", ifname);
  	if (stat(path, &buf) == 0) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: cfg80211-based driver detected");
  		drv->cfg80211 = 1;
  		wext_get_phy_name(drv);
  	}
  
  	drv->ioctl_sock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
  	if (drv->ioctl_sock < 0) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "socket(PF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM): %s",
  			   strerror(errno));
  		goto err1;
  	}
  
  	cfg = os_zalloc(sizeof(*cfg));
  	if (cfg == NULL)
  		goto err1;
  	cfg->ctx = drv;
  	cfg->newlink_cb = wpa_driver_wext_event_rtm_newlink;
  	cfg->dellink_cb = wpa_driver_wext_event_rtm_dellink;
  	drv->netlink = netlink_init(cfg);
  	if (drv->netlink == NULL) {
  		os_free(cfg);
  		goto err2;
  	}
  
  	rcfg = os_zalloc(sizeof(*rcfg));
  	if (rcfg == NULL)
  		goto err3;
  	rcfg->ctx = drv;
  	os_strlcpy(rcfg->ifname, ifname, sizeof(rcfg->ifname));
  	rcfg->blocked_cb = wpa_driver_wext_rfkill_blocked;
  	rcfg->unblocked_cb = wpa_driver_wext_rfkill_unblocked;
  	drv->rfkill = rfkill_init(rcfg);
  	if (drv->rfkill == NULL) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: RFKILL status not available");
  		os_free(rcfg);
  	}
  
  	drv->mlme_sock = -1;
  
  	if (wpa_driver_wext_finish_drv_init(drv) < 0)
  		goto err3;
  
  	wpa_driver_wext_set_auth_param(drv, IW_AUTH_WPA_ENABLED, 1);
  
  	return drv;
  
  err3:
  	rfkill_deinit(drv->rfkill);
  	netlink_deinit(drv->netlink);
  err2:
  	close(drv->ioctl_sock);
  err1:
  	os_free(drv);
  	return NULL;
  }
  
  
  static void wpa_driver_wext_send_rfkill(void *eloop_ctx, void *timeout_ctx)
  {
  	wpa_supplicant_event(timeout_ctx, EVENT_INTERFACE_DISABLED, NULL);
  }
  
  
  static int wext_hostap_ifname(struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv,
  			      const char *ifname)
  {
  	char buf[200], *res;
  	int type;
  	FILE *f;
  
  	if (strcmp(ifname, ".") == 0 || strcmp(ifname, "..") == 0)
  		return -1;
  
  	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/sys/class/net/%s/device/net/%s/type",
  		 drv->ifname, ifname);
  
  	f = fopen(buf, "r");
  	if (!f)
  		return -1;
  	res = fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f);
  	fclose(f);
  
  	type = res ? atoi(res) : -1;
  	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: hostap ifname %s type %d", ifname, type);
  
  	if (type == ARPHRD_IEEE80211) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG,
  			   "WEXT: Found hostap driver wifi# interface (%s)",
  			   ifname);
  		wpa_driver_wext_alternative_ifindex(drv, ifname);
  		return 0;
  	}
  	return -1;
  }
  
  
  static int wext_add_hostap(struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv)
  {
  	char buf[200];
  	int n;
  	struct dirent **names;
  	int ret = -1;
  
  	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/sys/class/net/%s/device/net", drv->ifname);
  	n = scandir(buf, &names, NULL, alphasort);
  	if (n < 0)
  		return -1;
  
  	while (n--) {
  		if (ret < 0 && wext_hostap_ifname(drv, names[n]->d_name) == 0)
  			ret = 0;
  		free(names[n]);
  	}
  	free(names);
  
  	return ret;
  }
  
  
  static void wext_check_hostap(struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv)
  {
  	char buf[200], *pos;
  	ssize_t res;
  
  	/*
  	 * Host AP driver may use both wlan# and wifi# interface in wireless
  	 * events. Since some of the versions included WE-18 support, let's add
  	 * the alternative ifindex also from driver_wext.c for the time being.
  	 * This may be removed at some point once it is believed that old
  	 * versions of the driver are not in use anymore. However, it looks like
  	 * the wifi# interface is still used in the current kernel tree, so it
  	 * may not really be possible to remove this before the Host AP driver
  	 * gets removed from the kernel.
  	 */
  
  	/* First, try to see if driver information is available from sysfs */
  	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/sys/class/net/%s/device/driver",
  		 drv->ifname);
  	res = readlink(buf, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
  	if (res > 0) {
  		buf[res] = '\0';
  		pos = strrchr(buf, '/');
  		if (pos)
  			pos++;
  		else
  			pos = buf;
  		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: Driver: %s", pos);
  		if (os_strncmp(pos, "hostap", 6) == 0 &&
  		    wext_add_hostap(drv) == 0)
  			return;
  	}
  
  	/* Second, use the old design with hardcoded ifname */
  	if (os_strncmp(drv->ifname, "wlan", 4) == 0) {
  		char ifname2[IFNAMSIZ + 1];
  		os_strlcpy(ifname2, drv->ifname, sizeof(ifname2));
  		os_memcpy(ifname2, "wifi", 4);
  		wpa_driver_wext_alternative_ifindex(drv, ifname2);
  	}
  }
  
  
  static int wpa_driver_wext_finish_drv_init(struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv)
  {
  	int send_rfkill_event = 0;
  
  	if (linux_set_iface_flags(drv->ioctl_sock, drv->ifname, 1) < 0) {
  		if (rfkill_is_blocked(drv->rfkill)) {
  			wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: Could not yet enable "
  				   "interface '%s' due to rfkill",
  				   drv->ifname);
  			drv->if_disabled = 1;
  			send_rfkill_event = 1;
  		} else {
  			wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "WEXT: Could not set "
  				   "interface '%s' UP", drv->ifname);
  			return -1;
  		}
  	}
  
  	/*
  	 * Make sure that the driver does not have any obsolete PMKID entries.
  	 */
  	wpa_driver_wext_flush_pmkid(drv);
  
  	if (wpa_driver_wext_set_mode(drv, 0) < 0) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "Could not configure driver to use "
  			   "managed mode");
  		/* Try to use it anyway */
  	}
  
  	wpa_driver_wext_get_range(drv);
  
  	/*
  	 * Unlock the driver's BSSID and force to a random SSID to clear any
  	 * previous association the driver might have when the supplicant
  	 * starts up.
  	 */
  	wpa_driver_wext_disconnect(drv);
  
  	drv->ifindex = if_nametoindex(drv->ifname);
  
  	wext_check_hostap(drv);
  
  	netlink_send_oper_ifla(drv->netlink, drv->ifindex,
  			       1, IF_OPER_DORMANT);
  
  	if (send_rfkill_event) {
  		eloop_register_timeout(0, 0, wpa_driver_wext_send_rfkill,
  				       drv, drv->ctx);
  	}
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  
  /**
   * wpa_driver_wext_deinit - Deinitialize WE driver interface
   * @priv: Pointer to private wext data from wpa_driver_wext_init()
   *
   * Shut down driver interface and processing of driver events. Free
   * private data buffer if one was allocated in wpa_driver_wext_init().
   */
  void wpa_driver_wext_deinit(void *priv)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  
  	wpa_driver_wext_set_auth_param(drv, IW_AUTH_WPA_ENABLED, 0);
  
  	eloop_cancel_timeout(wpa_driver_wext_scan_timeout, drv, drv->ctx);
  
  	/*
  	 * Clear possibly configured driver parameters in order to make it
  	 * easier to use the driver after wpa_supplicant has been terminated.
  	 */
  	wpa_driver_wext_disconnect(drv);
  
  	netlink_send_oper_ifla(drv->netlink, drv->ifindex, 0, IF_OPER_UP);
  	netlink_deinit(drv->netlink);
  	rfkill_deinit(drv->rfkill);
  
  	if (drv->mlme_sock >= 0)
  		eloop_unregister_read_sock(drv->mlme_sock);
  
  	(void) linux_set_iface_flags(drv->ioctl_sock, drv->ifname, 0);
  
  	close(drv->ioctl_sock);
  	if (drv->mlme_sock >= 0)
  		close(drv->mlme_sock);
  	os_free(drv->assoc_req_ies);
  	os_free(drv->assoc_resp_ies);
  	os_free(drv);
  }
  
  
  /**
   * wpa_driver_wext_scan_timeout - Scan timeout to report scan completion
   * @eloop_ctx: Unused
   * @timeout_ctx: ctx argument given to wpa_driver_wext_init()
   *
   * This function can be used as registered timeout when starting a scan to
   * generate a scan completed event if the driver does not report this.
   */
  void wpa_driver_wext_scan_timeout(void *eloop_ctx, void *timeout_ctx)
  {
  	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "Scan timeout - try to get results");
  	wpa_supplicant_event(timeout_ctx, EVENT_SCAN_RESULTS, NULL);
  }
  
  
  /**
   * wpa_driver_wext_scan - Request the driver to initiate scan
   * @priv: Pointer to private wext data from wpa_driver_wext_init()
   * @param: Scan parameters (specific SSID to scan for (ProbeReq), etc.)
   * Returns: 0 on success, -1 on failure
   */
  int wpa_driver_wext_scan(void *priv, struct wpa_driver_scan_params *params)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	struct iwreq iwr;
  	int ret = 0, timeout;
  	struct iw_scan_req req;
  	const u8 *ssid = params->ssids[0].ssid;
  	size_t ssid_len = params->ssids[0].ssid_len;
  
  	if (ssid_len > IW_ESSID_MAX_SIZE) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: too long SSID (%lu)",
  			   __FUNCTION__, (unsigned long) ssid_len);
  		return -1;
  	}
  
  	os_memset(&iwr, 0, sizeof(iwr));
  	os_strlcpy(iwr.ifr_name, drv->ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
  
  	if (ssid && ssid_len) {
  		os_memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
  		req.essid_len = ssid_len;
  		req.bssid.sa_family = ARPHRD_ETHER;
  		os_memset(req.bssid.sa_data, 0xff, ETH_ALEN);
  		os_memcpy(req.essid, ssid, ssid_len);
  		iwr.u.data.pointer = (caddr_t) &req;
  		iwr.u.data.length = sizeof(req);
  		iwr.u.data.flags = IW_SCAN_THIS_ESSID;
  	}
  
  	if (ioctl(drv->ioctl_sock, SIOCSIWSCAN, &iwr) < 0) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "ioctl[SIOCSIWSCAN]: %s",
  			   strerror(errno));
  		ret = -1;
  	}
  
  	/* Not all drivers generate "scan completed" wireless event, so try to
  	 * read results after a timeout. */
  	timeout = 10;
  	if (drv->scan_complete_events) {
  		/*
  		 * The driver seems to deliver SIOCGIWSCAN events to notify
  		 * when scan is complete, so use longer timeout to avoid race
  		 * conditions with scanning and following association request.
  		 */
  		timeout = 30;
  	}
  	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "Scan requested (ret=%d) - scan timeout %d "
  		   "seconds", ret, timeout);
  	eloop_cancel_timeout(wpa_driver_wext_scan_timeout, drv, drv->ctx);
  	eloop_register_timeout(timeout, 0, wpa_driver_wext_scan_timeout, drv,
  			       drv->ctx);
  
  	return ret;
  }
  
  
  static u8 * wpa_driver_wext_giwscan(struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv,
  				    size_t *len)
  {
  	struct iwreq iwr;
  	u8 *res_buf;
  	size_t res_buf_len;
  
  	res_buf_len = IW_SCAN_MAX_DATA;
  	for (;;) {
  		res_buf = os_malloc(res_buf_len);
  		if (res_buf == NULL)
  			return NULL;
  		os_memset(&iwr, 0, sizeof(iwr));
  		os_strlcpy(iwr.ifr_name, drv->ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
  		iwr.u.data.pointer = res_buf;
  		iwr.u.data.length = res_buf_len;
  
  		if (ioctl(drv->ioctl_sock, SIOCGIWSCAN, &iwr) == 0)
  			break;
  
  		if (errno == E2BIG && res_buf_len < 65535) {
  			os_free(res_buf);
  			res_buf = NULL;
  			res_buf_len *= 2;
  			if (res_buf_len > 65535)
  				res_buf_len = 65535; /* 16-bit length field */
  			wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "Scan results did not fit - "
  				   "trying larger buffer (%lu bytes)",
  				   (unsigned long) res_buf_len);
  		} else {
  			wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "ioctl[SIOCGIWSCAN]: %s",
  				   strerror(errno));
  			os_free(res_buf);
  			return NULL;
  		}
  	}
  
  	if (iwr.u.data.length > res_buf_len) {
  		os_free(res_buf);
  		return NULL;
  	}
  	*len = iwr.u.data.length;
  
  	return res_buf;
  }
  
  
  /*
   * Data structure for collecting WEXT scan results. This is needed to allow
   * the various methods of reporting IEs to be combined into a single IE buffer.
   */
  struct wext_scan_data {
  	struct wpa_scan_res res;
  	u8 *ie;
  	size_t ie_len;
  	u8 ssid[SSID_MAX_LEN];
  	size_t ssid_len;
  	int maxrate;
  };
  
  
  static void wext_get_scan_mode(struct iw_event *iwe,
  			       struct wext_scan_data *res)
  {
  	if (iwe->u.mode == IW_MODE_ADHOC)
  		res->res.caps |= IEEE80211_CAP_IBSS;
  	else if (iwe->u.mode == IW_MODE_MASTER || iwe->u.mode == IW_MODE_INFRA)
  		res->res.caps |= IEEE80211_CAP_ESS;
  }
  
  
  static void wext_get_scan_ssid(struct iw_event *iwe,
  			       struct wext_scan_data *res, char *custom,
  			       char *end)
  {
  	int ssid_len = iwe->u.essid.length;
  	if (custom + ssid_len > end)
  		return;
  	if (iwe->u.essid.flags &&
  	    ssid_len > 0 &&
  	    ssid_len <= IW_ESSID_MAX_SIZE) {
  		os_memcpy(res->ssid, custom, ssid_len);
  		res->ssid_len = ssid_len;
  	}
  }
  
  
  static void wext_get_scan_freq(struct iw_event *iwe,
  			       struct wext_scan_data *res)
  {
  	int divi = 1000000, i;
  
  	if (iwe->u.freq.e == 0) {
  		/*
  		 * Some drivers do not report frequency, but a channel.
  		 * Try to map this to frequency by assuming they are using
  		 * IEEE 802.11b/g.  But don't overwrite a previously parsed
  		 * frequency if the driver sends both frequency and channel,
  		 * since the driver may be sending an A-band channel that we
  		 * don't handle here.
  		 */
  
  		if (res->res.freq)
  			return;
  
  		if (iwe->u.freq.m >= 1 && iwe->u.freq.m <= 13) {
  			res->res.freq = 2407 + 5 * iwe->u.freq.m;
  			return;
  		} else if (iwe->u.freq.m == 14) {
  			res->res.freq = 2484;
  			return;
  		}
  	}
  
  	if (iwe->u.freq.e > 6) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "Invalid freq in scan results (BSSID="
  			   MACSTR " m=%d e=%d)",
  			   MAC2STR(res->res.bssid), iwe->u.freq.m,
  			   iwe->u.freq.e);
  		return;
  	}
  
  	for (i = 0; i < iwe->u.freq.e; i++)
  		divi /= 10;
  	res->res.freq = iwe->u.freq.m / divi;
  }
  
  
  static void wext_get_scan_qual(struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv,
  			       struct iw_event *iwe,
  			       struct wext_scan_data *res)
  {
  	res->res.qual = iwe->u.qual.qual;
  	res->res.noise = iwe->u.qual.noise;
  	res->res.level = iwe->u.qual.level;
  	if (iwe->u.qual.updated & IW_QUAL_QUAL_INVALID)
  		res->res.flags |= WPA_SCAN_QUAL_INVALID;
  	if (iwe->u.qual.updated & IW_QUAL_LEVEL_INVALID)
  		res->res.flags |= WPA_SCAN_LEVEL_INVALID;
  	if (iwe->u.qual.updated & IW_QUAL_NOISE_INVALID)
  		res->res.flags |= WPA_SCAN_NOISE_INVALID;
  	if (iwe->u.qual.updated & IW_QUAL_DBM)
  		res->res.flags |= WPA_SCAN_LEVEL_DBM;
  	if ((iwe->u.qual.updated & IW_QUAL_DBM) ||
  	    ((iwe->u.qual.level != 0) &&
  	     (iwe->u.qual.level > drv->max_level))) {
  		if (iwe->u.qual.level >= 64)
  			res->res.level -= 0x100;
  		if (iwe->u.qual.noise >= 64)
  			res->res.noise -= 0x100;
  	}
  }
  
  
  static void wext_get_scan_encode(struct iw_event *iwe,
  				 struct wext_scan_data *res)
  {
  	if (!(iwe->u.data.flags & IW_ENCODE_DISABLED))
  		res->res.caps |= IEEE80211_CAP_PRIVACY;
  }
  
  
  static void wext_get_scan_rate(struct iw_event *iwe,
  			       struct wext_scan_data *res, char *pos,
  			       char *end)
  {
  	int maxrate;
  	char *custom = pos + IW_EV_LCP_LEN;
  	struct iw_param p;
  	size_t clen;
  
  	clen = iwe->len;
  	if (custom + clen > end)
  		return;
  	maxrate = 0;
  	while (((ssize_t) clen) >= (ssize_t) sizeof(struct iw_param)) {
  		/* Note: may be misaligned, make a local, aligned copy */
  		os_memcpy(&p, custom, sizeof(struct iw_param));
  		if (p.value > maxrate)
  			maxrate = p.value;
  		clen -= sizeof(struct iw_param);
  		custom += sizeof(struct iw_param);
  	}
  
  	/* Convert the maxrate from WE-style (b/s units) to
  	 * 802.11 rates (500000 b/s units).
  	 */
  	res->maxrate = maxrate / 500000;
  }
  
  
  static void wext_get_scan_iwevgenie(struct iw_event *iwe,
  				    struct wext_scan_data *res, char *custom,
  				    char *end)
  {
  	char *genie, *gpos, *gend;
  	u8 *tmp;
  
  	if (iwe->u.data.length == 0)
  		return;
  
  	gpos = genie = custom;
  	gend = genie + iwe->u.data.length;
  	if (gend > end) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_INFO, "IWEVGENIE overflow");
  		return;
  	}
  
  	tmp = os_realloc(res->ie, res->ie_len + gend - gpos);
  	if (tmp == NULL)
  		return;
  	os_memcpy(tmp + res->ie_len, gpos, gend - gpos);
  	res->ie = tmp;
  	res->ie_len += gend - gpos;
  }
  
  
  static void wext_get_scan_custom(struct iw_event *iwe,
  				 struct wext_scan_data *res, char *custom,
  				 char *end)
  {
  	size_t clen;
  	u8 *tmp;
  
  	clen = iwe->u.data.length;
  	if (custom + clen > end)
  		return;
  
  	if (clen > 7 && os_strncmp(custom, "wpa_ie=", 7) == 0) {
  		char *spos;
  		int bytes;
  		spos = custom + 7;
  		bytes = custom + clen - spos;
  		if (bytes & 1 || bytes == 0)
  			return;
  		bytes /= 2;
  		tmp = os_realloc(res->ie, res->ie_len + bytes);
  		if (tmp == NULL)
  			return;
  		res->ie = tmp;
  		if (hexstr2bin(spos, tmp + res->ie_len, bytes) < 0)
  			return;
  		res->ie_len += bytes;
  	} else if (clen > 7 && os_strncmp(custom, "rsn_ie=", 7) == 0) {
  		char *spos;
  		int bytes;
  		spos = custom + 7;
  		bytes = custom + clen - spos;
  		if (bytes & 1 || bytes == 0)
  			return;
  		bytes /= 2;
  		tmp = os_realloc(res->ie, res->ie_len + bytes);
  		if (tmp == NULL)
  			return;
  		res->ie = tmp;
  		if (hexstr2bin(spos, tmp + res->ie_len, bytes) < 0)
  			return;
  		res->ie_len += bytes;
  	} else if (clen > 4 && os_strncmp(custom, "tsf=", 4) == 0) {
  		char *spos;
  		int bytes;
  		u8 bin[8];
  		spos = custom + 4;
  		bytes = custom + clen - spos;
  		if (bytes != 16) {
  			wpa_printf(MSG_INFO, "Invalid TSF length (%d)", bytes);
  			return;
  		}
  		bytes /= 2;
  		if (hexstr2bin(spos, bin, bytes) < 0) {
  			wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: Invalid TSF value");
  			return;
  		}
  		res->res.tsf += WPA_GET_BE64(bin);
  	}
  }
  
  
  static int wext_19_iw_point(struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv, u16 cmd)
  {
  	return drv->we_version_compiled > 18 &&
  		(cmd == SIOCGIWESSID || cmd == SIOCGIWENCODE ||
  		 cmd == IWEVGENIE || cmd == IWEVCUSTOM);
  }
  
  
  static void wpa_driver_wext_add_scan_entry(struct wpa_scan_results *res,
  					   struct wext_scan_data *data)
  {
  	struct wpa_scan_res **tmp;
  	struct wpa_scan_res *r;
  	size_t extra_len;
  	u8 *pos, *end, *ssid_ie = NULL, *rate_ie = NULL;
  
  	/* Figure out whether we need to fake any IEs */
  	pos = data->ie;
  	end = pos + data->ie_len;
  	while (pos && pos + 1 < end) {
  		if (pos + 2 + pos[1] > end)
  			break;
  		if (pos[0] == WLAN_EID_SSID)
  			ssid_ie = pos;
  		else if (pos[0] == WLAN_EID_SUPP_RATES)
  			rate_ie = pos;
  		else if (pos[0] == WLAN_EID_EXT_SUPP_RATES)
  			rate_ie = pos;
  		pos += 2 + pos[1];
  	}
  
  	extra_len = 0;
  	if (ssid_ie == NULL)
  		extra_len += 2 + data->ssid_len;
  	if (rate_ie == NULL && data->maxrate)
  		extra_len += 3;
  
  	r = os_zalloc(sizeof(*r) + extra_len + data->ie_len);
  	if (r == NULL)
  		return;
  	os_memcpy(r, &data->res, sizeof(*r));
  	r->ie_len = extra_len + data->ie_len;
  	pos = (u8 *) (r + 1);
  	if (ssid_ie == NULL) {
  		/*
  		 * Generate a fake SSID IE since the driver did not report
  		 * a full IE list.
  		 */
  		*pos++ = WLAN_EID_SSID;
  		*pos++ = data->ssid_len;
  		os_memcpy(pos, data->ssid, data->ssid_len);
  		pos += data->ssid_len;
  	}
  	if (rate_ie == NULL && data->maxrate) {
  		/*
  		 * Generate a fake Supported Rates IE since the driver did not
  		 * report a full IE list.
  		 */
  		*pos++ = WLAN_EID_SUPP_RATES;
  		*pos++ = 1;
  		*pos++ = data->maxrate;
  	}
  	if (data->ie)
  		os_memcpy(pos, data->ie, data->ie_len);
  
  	tmp = os_realloc_array(res->res, res->num + 1,
  			       sizeof(struct wpa_scan_res *));
  	if (tmp == NULL) {
  		os_free(r);
  		return;
  	}
  	tmp[res->num++] = r;
  	res->res = tmp;
  }
  
  
  /**
   * wpa_driver_wext_get_scan_results - Fetch the latest scan results
   * @priv: Pointer to private wext data from wpa_driver_wext_init()
   * Returns: Scan results on success, -1 on failure
   */
  struct wpa_scan_results * wpa_driver_wext_get_scan_results(void *priv)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	size_t len;
  	int first;
  	u8 *res_buf;
  	struct iw_event iwe_buf, *iwe = &iwe_buf;
  	char *pos, *end, *custom;
  	struct wpa_scan_results *res;
  	struct wext_scan_data data;
  
  	res_buf = wpa_driver_wext_giwscan(drv, &len);
  	if (res_buf == NULL)
  		return NULL;
  
  	first = 1;
  
  	res = os_zalloc(sizeof(*res));
  	if (res == NULL) {
  		os_free(res_buf);
  		return NULL;
  	}
  
  	pos = (char *) res_buf;
  	end = (char *) res_buf + len;
  	os_memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
  
  	while (pos + IW_EV_LCP_LEN <= end) {
  		/* Event data may be unaligned, so make a local, aligned copy
  		 * before processing. */
  		os_memcpy(&iwe_buf, pos, IW_EV_LCP_LEN);
  		if (iwe->len <= IW_EV_LCP_LEN)
  			break;
  
  		custom = pos + IW_EV_POINT_LEN;
  		if (wext_19_iw_point(drv, iwe->cmd)) {
  			/* WE-19 removed the pointer from struct iw_point */
  			char *dpos = (char *) &iwe_buf.u.data.length;
  			int dlen = dpos - (char *) &iwe_buf;
  			os_memcpy(dpos, pos + IW_EV_LCP_LEN,
  				  sizeof(struct iw_event) - dlen);
  		} else {
  			os_memcpy(&iwe_buf, pos, sizeof(struct iw_event));
  			custom += IW_EV_POINT_OFF;
  		}
  
  		switch (iwe->cmd) {
  		case SIOCGIWAP:
  			if (!first)
  				wpa_driver_wext_add_scan_entry(res, &data);
  			first = 0;
  			os_free(data.ie);
  			os_memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
  			os_memcpy(data.res.bssid,
  				  iwe->u.ap_addr.sa_data, ETH_ALEN);
  			break;
  		case SIOCGIWMODE:
  			wext_get_scan_mode(iwe, &data);
  			break;
  		case SIOCGIWESSID:
  			wext_get_scan_ssid(iwe, &data, custom, end);
  			break;
  		case SIOCGIWFREQ:
  			wext_get_scan_freq(iwe, &data);
  			break;
  		case IWEVQUAL:
  			wext_get_scan_qual(drv, iwe, &data);
  			break;
  		case SIOCGIWENCODE:
  			wext_get_scan_encode(iwe, &data);
  			break;
  		case SIOCGIWRATE:
  			wext_get_scan_rate(iwe, &data, pos, end);
  			break;
  		case IWEVGENIE:
  			wext_get_scan_iwevgenie(iwe, &data, custom, end);
  			break;
  		case IWEVCUSTOM:
  			wext_get_scan_custom(iwe, &data, custom, end);
  			break;
  		}
  
  		pos += iwe->len;
  	}
  	os_free(res_buf);
  	res_buf = NULL;
  	if (!first)
  		wpa_driver_wext_add_scan_entry(res, &data);
  	os_free(data.ie);
  
  	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "Received %lu bytes of scan results (%lu BSSes)",
  		   (unsigned long) len, (unsigned long) res->num);
  
  	return res;
  }
  
  
  static int wpa_driver_wext_get_range(void *priv)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	struct iw_range *range;
  	struct iwreq iwr;
  	int minlen;
  	size_t buflen;
  
  	/*
  	 * Use larger buffer than struct iw_range in order to allow the
  	 * structure to grow in the future.
  	 */
  	buflen = sizeof(struct iw_range) + 500;
  	range = os_zalloc(buflen);
  	if (range == NULL)
  		return -1;
  
  	os_memset(&iwr, 0, sizeof(iwr));
  	os_strlcpy(iwr.ifr_name, drv->ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
  	iwr.u.data.pointer = (caddr_t) range;
  	iwr.u.data.length = buflen;
  
  	minlen = ((char *) &range->enc_capa) - (char *) range +
  		sizeof(range->enc_capa);
  
  	if (ioctl(drv->ioctl_sock, SIOCGIWRANGE, &iwr) < 0) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "ioctl[SIOCGIWRANGE]: %s",
  			   strerror(errno));
  		os_free(range);
  		return -1;
  	} else if (iwr.u.data.length >= minlen &&
  		   range->we_version_compiled >= 18) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "SIOCGIWRANGE: WE(compiled)=%d "
  			   "WE(source)=%d enc_capa=0x%x",
  			   range->we_version_compiled,
  			   range->we_version_source,
  			   range->enc_capa);
  		drv->has_capability = 1;
  		drv->we_version_compiled = range->we_version_compiled;
  		if (range->enc_capa & IW_ENC_CAPA_WPA) {
  			drv->capa.key_mgmt |= WPA_DRIVER_CAPA_KEY_MGMT_WPA |
  				WPA_DRIVER_CAPA_KEY_MGMT_WPA_PSK;
  		}
  		if (range->enc_capa & IW_ENC_CAPA_WPA2) {
  			drv->capa.key_mgmt |= WPA_DRIVER_CAPA_KEY_MGMT_WPA2 |
  				WPA_DRIVER_CAPA_KEY_MGMT_WPA2_PSK;
  		}
  		drv->capa.enc |= WPA_DRIVER_CAPA_ENC_WEP40 |
  			WPA_DRIVER_CAPA_ENC_WEP104;
  		drv->capa.enc |= WPA_DRIVER_CAPA_ENC_WEP128;
  		if (range->enc_capa & IW_ENC_CAPA_CIPHER_TKIP)
  			drv->capa.enc |= WPA_DRIVER_CAPA_ENC_TKIP;
  		if (range->enc_capa & IW_ENC_CAPA_CIPHER_CCMP)
  			drv->capa.enc |= WPA_DRIVER_CAPA_ENC_CCMP;
  		if (range->enc_capa & IW_ENC_CAPA_4WAY_HANDSHAKE)
  			drv->capa.flags |= WPA_DRIVER_FLAGS_4WAY_HANDSHAKE;
  		drv->capa.auth = WPA_DRIVER_AUTH_OPEN |
  			WPA_DRIVER_AUTH_SHARED |
  			WPA_DRIVER_AUTH_LEAP;
  		drv->capa.max_scan_ssids = 1;
  
  		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "  capabilities: key_mgmt 0x%x enc 0x%x "
  			   "flags 0x%llx",
  			   drv->capa.key_mgmt, drv->capa.enc,
  			   (unsigned long long) drv->capa.flags);
  	} else {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "SIOCGIWRANGE: too old (short) data - "
  			   "assuming WPA is not supported");
  	}
  
  	drv->max_level = range->max_qual.level;
  
  	os_free(range);
  	return 0;
  }
  
  
  static int wpa_driver_wext_set_psk(struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv,
  				   const u8 *psk)
  {
  	struct iw_encode_ext *ext;
  	struct iwreq iwr;
  	int ret;
  
  	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "%s", __FUNCTION__);
  
  	if (!(drv->capa.flags & WPA_DRIVER_FLAGS_4WAY_HANDSHAKE))
  		return 0;
  
  	if (!psk)
  		return 0;
  
  	os_memset(&iwr, 0, sizeof(iwr));
  	os_strlcpy(iwr.ifr_name, drv->ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
  
  	ext = os_zalloc(sizeof(*ext) + PMK_LEN);
  	if (ext == NULL)
  		return -1;
  
  	iwr.u.encoding.pointer = (caddr_t) ext;
  	iwr.u.encoding.length = sizeof(*ext) + PMK_LEN;
  	ext->key_len = PMK_LEN;
  	os_memcpy(&ext->key, psk, ext->key_len);
  	ext->alg = IW_ENCODE_ALG_PMK;
  
  	ret = ioctl(drv->ioctl_sock, SIOCSIWENCODEEXT, &iwr);
  	if (ret < 0)
  		wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "ioctl[SIOCSIWENCODEEXT] PMK: %s",
  			   strerror(errno));
  	os_free(ext);
  
  	return ret;
  }
  
  
  static int wpa_driver_wext_set_key_ext(void *priv, enum wpa_alg alg,
  				       const u8 *addr, int key_idx,
  				       int set_tx, const u8 *seq,
  				       size_t seq_len,
  				       const u8 *key, size_t key_len)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	struct iwreq iwr;
  	int ret = 0;
  	struct iw_encode_ext *ext;
  
  	if (seq_len > IW_ENCODE_SEQ_MAX_SIZE) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: Invalid seq_len %lu",
  			   __FUNCTION__, (unsigned long) seq_len);
  		return -1;
  	}
  
  	ext = os_zalloc(sizeof(*ext) + key_len);
  	if (ext == NULL)
  		return -1;
  	os_memset(&iwr, 0, sizeof(iwr));
  	os_strlcpy(iwr.ifr_name, drv->ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
  	iwr.u.encoding.flags = key_idx + 1;
  	iwr.u.encoding.flags |= IW_ENCODE_TEMP;
  	if (alg == WPA_ALG_NONE)
  		iwr.u.encoding.flags |= IW_ENCODE_DISABLED;
  	iwr.u.encoding.pointer = (caddr_t) ext;
  	iwr.u.encoding.length = sizeof(*ext) + key_len;
  
  	if (addr == NULL || is_broadcast_ether_addr(addr))
  		ext->ext_flags |= IW_ENCODE_EXT_GROUP_KEY;
  	if (set_tx)
  		ext->ext_flags |= IW_ENCODE_EXT_SET_TX_KEY;
  
  	ext->addr.sa_family = ARPHRD_ETHER;
  	if (addr)
  		os_memcpy(ext->addr.sa_data, addr, ETH_ALEN);
  	else
  		os_memset(ext->addr.sa_data, 0xff, ETH_ALEN);
  	if (key && key_len) {
  		os_memcpy(ext + 1, key, key_len);
  		ext->key_len = key_len;
  	}
  	switch (alg) {
  	case WPA_ALG_NONE:
  		ext->alg = IW_ENCODE_ALG_NONE;
  		break;
  	case WPA_ALG_WEP:
  		ext->alg = IW_ENCODE_ALG_WEP;
  		break;
  	case WPA_ALG_TKIP:
  		ext->alg = IW_ENCODE_ALG_TKIP;
  		break;
  	case WPA_ALG_CCMP:
  		ext->alg = IW_ENCODE_ALG_CCMP;
  		break;
  	case WPA_ALG_PMK:
  		ext->alg = IW_ENCODE_ALG_PMK;
  		break;
  #ifdef CONFIG_IEEE80211W
  	case WPA_ALG_IGTK:
  		ext->alg = IW_ENCODE_ALG_AES_CMAC;
  		break;
  #endif /* CONFIG_IEEE80211W */
  	default:
  		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: Unknown algorithm %d",
  			   __FUNCTION__, alg);
  		os_free(ext);
  		return -1;
  	}
  
  	if (seq && seq_len) {
  		ext->ext_flags |= IW_ENCODE_EXT_RX_SEQ_VALID;
  		os_memcpy(ext->rx_seq, seq, seq_len);
  	}
  
  	if (ioctl(drv->ioctl_sock, SIOCSIWENCODEEXT, &iwr) < 0) {
  		ret = errno == EOPNOTSUPP ? -2 : -1;
  		if (errno == ENODEV) {
  			/*
  			 * ndiswrapper seems to be returning incorrect error
  			 * code.. */
  			ret = -2;
  		}
  
  		wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "ioctl[SIOCSIWENCODEEXT]: %s",
  			   strerror(errno));
  	}
  
  	os_free(ext);
  	return ret;
  }
  
  
  /**
   * wpa_driver_wext_set_key - Configure encryption key
   * @priv: Pointer to private wext data from wpa_driver_wext_init()
   * @priv: Private driver interface data
   * @alg: Encryption algorithm (%WPA_ALG_NONE, %WPA_ALG_WEP,
   *	%WPA_ALG_TKIP, %WPA_ALG_CCMP); %WPA_ALG_NONE clears the key.
   * @addr: Address of the peer STA or ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff for
   *	broadcast/default keys
   * @key_idx: key index (0..3), usually 0 for unicast keys
   * @set_tx: Configure this key as the default Tx key (only used when
   *	driver does not support separate unicast/individual key
   * @seq: Sequence number/packet number, seq_len octets, the next
   *	packet number to be used for in replay protection; configured
   *	for Rx keys (in most cases, this is only used with broadcast
   *	keys and set to zero for unicast keys)
   * @seq_len: Length of the seq, depends on the algorithm:
   *	TKIP: 6 octets, CCMP: 6 octets
   * @key: Key buffer; TKIP: 16-byte temporal key, 8-byte Tx Mic key,
   *	8-byte Rx Mic Key
   * @key_len: Length of the key buffer in octets (WEP: 5 or 13,
   *	TKIP: 32, CCMP: 16)
   * Returns: 0 on success, -1 on failure
   *
   * This function uses SIOCSIWENCODEEXT by default, but tries to use
   * SIOCSIWENCODE if the extended ioctl fails when configuring a WEP key.
   */
  int wpa_driver_wext_set_key(const char *ifname, void *priv, enum wpa_alg alg,
  			    const u8 *addr, int key_idx,
  			    int set_tx, const u8 *seq, size_t seq_len,
  			    const u8 *key, size_t key_len)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	struct iwreq iwr;
  	int ret = 0;
  
  	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: alg=%d key_idx=%d set_tx=%d seq_len=%lu "
  		   "key_len=%lu",
  		   __FUNCTION__, alg, key_idx, set_tx,
  		   (unsigned long) seq_len, (unsigned long) key_len);
  
  	ret = wpa_driver_wext_set_key_ext(drv, alg, addr, key_idx, set_tx,
  					  seq, seq_len, key, key_len);
  	if (ret == 0)
  		return 0;
  
  	if (ret == -2 &&
  	    (alg == WPA_ALG_NONE || alg == WPA_ALG_WEP)) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "Driver did not support "
  			   "SIOCSIWENCODEEXT, trying SIOCSIWENCODE");
  		ret = 0;
  	} else {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "Driver did not support "
  			   "SIOCSIWENCODEEXT");
  		return ret;
  	}
  
  	os_memset(&iwr, 0, sizeof(iwr));
  	os_strlcpy(iwr.ifr_name, drv->ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
  	iwr.u.encoding.flags = key_idx + 1;
  	iwr.u.encoding.flags |= IW_ENCODE_TEMP;
  	if (alg == WPA_ALG_NONE)
  		iwr.u.encoding.flags |= IW_ENCODE_DISABLED;
  	iwr.u.encoding.pointer = (caddr_t) key;
  	iwr.u.encoding.length = key_len;
  
  	if (ioctl(drv->ioctl_sock, SIOCSIWENCODE, &iwr) < 0) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "ioctl[SIOCSIWENCODE]: %s",
  			   strerror(errno));
  		ret = -1;
  	}
  
  	if (set_tx && alg != WPA_ALG_NONE) {
  		os_memset(&iwr, 0, sizeof(iwr));
  		os_strlcpy(iwr.ifr_name, drv->ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
  		iwr.u.encoding.flags = key_idx + 1;
  		iwr.u.encoding.flags |= IW_ENCODE_TEMP;
  		iwr.u.encoding.pointer = (caddr_t) NULL;
  		iwr.u.encoding.length = 0;
  		if (ioctl(drv->ioctl_sock, SIOCSIWENCODE, &iwr) < 0) {
  			wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR,
  				   "ioctl[SIOCSIWENCODE] (set_tx): %s",
  				   strerror(errno));
  			ret = -1;
  		}
  	}
  
  	return ret;
  }
  
  
  static int wpa_driver_wext_set_countermeasures(void *priv,
  					       int enabled)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "%s", __FUNCTION__);
  	return wpa_driver_wext_set_auth_param(drv,
  					      IW_AUTH_TKIP_COUNTERMEASURES,
  					      enabled);
  }
  
  
  static int wpa_driver_wext_set_drop_unencrypted(void *priv,
  						int enabled)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "%s", __FUNCTION__);
  	drv->use_crypt = enabled;
  	return wpa_driver_wext_set_auth_param(drv, IW_AUTH_DROP_UNENCRYPTED,
  					      enabled);
  }
  
  
  static int wpa_driver_wext_mlme(struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv,
  				const u8 *addr, int cmd, int reason_code)
  {
  	struct iwreq iwr;
  	struct iw_mlme mlme;
  	int ret = 0;
  
  	os_memset(&iwr, 0, sizeof(iwr));
  	os_strlcpy(iwr.ifr_name, drv->ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
  	os_memset(&mlme, 0, sizeof(mlme));
  	mlme.cmd = cmd;
  	mlme.reason_code = reason_code;
  	mlme.addr.sa_family = ARPHRD_ETHER;
  	os_memcpy(mlme.addr.sa_data, addr, ETH_ALEN);
  	iwr.u.data.pointer = (caddr_t) &mlme;
  	iwr.u.data.length = sizeof(mlme);
  
  	if (ioctl(drv->ioctl_sock, SIOCSIWMLME, &iwr) < 0) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "ioctl[SIOCSIWMLME]: %s",
  			   strerror(errno));
  		ret = -1;
  	}
  
  	return ret;
  }
  
  
  static void wpa_driver_wext_disconnect(struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv)
  {
  	struct iwreq iwr;
  	const u8 null_bssid[ETH_ALEN] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
  	u8 ssid[SSID_MAX_LEN];
  	int i;
  
  	/*
  	 * Only force-disconnect when the card is in infrastructure mode,
  	 * otherwise the driver might interpret the cleared BSSID and random
  	 * SSID as an attempt to create a new ad-hoc network.
  	 */
  	os_memset(&iwr, 0, sizeof(iwr));
  	os_strlcpy(iwr.ifr_name, drv->ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
  	if (ioctl(drv->ioctl_sock, SIOCGIWMODE, &iwr) < 0) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "ioctl[SIOCGIWMODE]: %s",
  			   strerror(errno));
  		iwr.u.mode = IW_MODE_INFRA;
  	}
  
  	if (iwr.u.mode == IW_MODE_INFRA) {
  		/* Clear the BSSID selection */
  		if (wpa_driver_wext_set_bssid(drv, null_bssid) < 0) {
  			wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: Failed to clear BSSID "
  				   "selection on disconnect");
  		}
  
  		if (drv->cfg80211) {
  			/*
  			 * cfg80211 supports SIOCSIWMLME commands, so there is
  			 * no need for the random SSID hack, but clear the
  			 * SSID.
  			 */
  			if (wpa_driver_wext_set_ssid(drv, (u8 *) "", 0) < 0) {
  				wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: Failed to clear "
  					   "SSID on disconnect");
  			}
  			return;
  		}
  
  		/*
  		 * Set a random SSID to make sure the driver will not be trying
  		 * to associate with something even if it does not understand
  		 * SIOCSIWMLME commands (or tries to associate automatically
  		 * after deauth/disassoc).
  		 */
  		for (i = 0; i < SSID_MAX_LEN; i++)
  			ssid[i] = rand() & 0xFF;
  		if (wpa_driver_wext_set_ssid(drv, ssid, SSID_MAX_LEN) < 0) {
  			wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: Failed to set bogus "
  				   "SSID to disconnect");
  		}
  	}
  }
  
  
  static int wpa_driver_wext_deauthenticate(void *priv, const u8 *addr,
  					  int reason_code)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	int ret;
  	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "%s", __FUNCTION__);
  	ret = wpa_driver_wext_mlme(drv, addr, IW_MLME_DEAUTH, reason_code);
  	wpa_driver_wext_disconnect(drv);
  	return ret;
  }
  
  
  static int wpa_driver_wext_set_gen_ie(void *priv, const u8 *ie,
  				      size_t ie_len)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	struct iwreq iwr;
  	int ret = 0;
  
  	os_memset(&iwr, 0, sizeof(iwr));
  	os_strlcpy(iwr.ifr_name, drv->ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
  	iwr.u.data.pointer = (caddr_t) ie;
  	iwr.u.data.length = ie_len;
  
  	if (ioctl(drv->ioctl_sock, SIOCSIWGENIE, &iwr) < 0) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "ioctl[SIOCSIWGENIE]: %s",
  			   strerror(errno));
  		ret = -1;
  	}
  
  	return ret;
  }
  
  
  int wpa_driver_wext_cipher2wext(int cipher)
  {
  	switch (cipher) {
  	case WPA_CIPHER_NONE:
  		return IW_AUTH_CIPHER_NONE;
  	case WPA_CIPHER_WEP40:
  		return IW_AUTH_CIPHER_WEP40;
  	case WPA_CIPHER_TKIP:
  		return IW_AUTH_CIPHER_TKIP;
  	case WPA_CIPHER_CCMP:
  		return IW_AUTH_CIPHER_CCMP;
  	case WPA_CIPHER_WEP104:
  		return IW_AUTH_CIPHER_WEP104;
  	default:
  		return 0;
  	}
  }
  
  
  int wpa_driver_wext_keymgmt2wext(int keymgmt)
  {
  	switch (keymgmt) {
  	case WPA_KEY_MGMT_IEEE8021X:
  	case WPA_KEY_MGMT_IEEE8021X_NO_WPA:
  		return IW_AUTH_KEY_MGMT_802_1X;
  	case WPA_KEY_MGMT_PSK:
  		return IW_AUTH_KEY_MGMT_PSK;
  	default:
  		return 0;
  	}
  }
  
  
  static int
  wpa_driver_wext_auth_alg_fallback(struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv,
  				  struct wpa_driver_associate_params *params)
  {
  	struct iwreq iwr;
  	int ret = 0;
  
  	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "WEXT: Driver did not support "
  		   "SIOCSIWAUTH for AUTH_ALG, trying SIOCSIWENCODE");
  
  	os_memset(&iwr, 0, sizeof(iwr));
  	os_strlcpy(iwr.ifr_name, drv->ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
  	/* Just changing mode, not actual keys */
  	iwr.u.encoding.flags = 0;
  	iwr.u.encoding.pointer = (caddr_t) NULL;
  	iwr.u.encoding.length = 0;
  
  	/*
  	 * Note: IW_ENCODE_{OPEN,RESTRICTED} can be interpreted to mean two
  	 * different things. Here they are used to indicate Open System vs.
  	 * Shared Key authentication algorithm. However, some drivers may use
  	 * them to select between open/restricted WEP encrypted (open = allow
  	 * both unencrypted and encrypted frames; restricted = only allow
  	 * encrypted frames).
  	 */
  
  	if (!drv->use_crypt) {
  		iwr.u.encoding.flags |= IW_ENCODE_DISABLED;
  	} else {
  		if (params->auth_alg & WPA_AUTH_ALG_OPEN)
  			iwr.u.encoding.flags |= IW_ENCODE_OPEN;
  		if (params->auth_alg & WPA_AUTH_ALG_SHARED)
  			iwr.u.encoding.flags |= IW_ENCODE_RESTRICTED;
  	}
  
  	if (ioctl(drv->ioctl_sock, SIOCSIWENCODE, &iwr) < 0) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "ioctl[SIOCSIWENCODE]: %s",
  			   strerror(errno));
  		ret = -1;
  	}
  
  	return ret;
  }
  
  
  int wpa_driver_wext_associate(void *priv,
  			      struct wpa_driver_associate_params *params)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	int ret = 0;
  	int allow_unencrypted_eapol;
  	int value;
  
  	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "%s", __FUNCTION__);
  
  	if (drv->cfg80211) {
  		/*
  		 * Stop cfg80211 from trying to associate before we are done
  		 * with all parameters.
  		 */
  		if (wpa_driver_wext_set_ssid(drv, (u8 *) "", 0) < 0) {
  			wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG,
  				   "WEXT: Failed to clear SSID to stop pending cfg80211 association attempts (if any)");
  			/* continue anyway */
  		}
  	}
  
  	if (wpa_driver_wext_set_drop_unencrypted(drv, params->drop_unencrypted)
  	    < 0)
  		ret = -1;
  	if (wpa_driver_wext_set_auth_alg(drv, params->auth_alg) < 0)
  		ret = -1;
  	if (wpa_driver_wext_set_mode(drv, params->mode) < 0)
  		ret = -1;
  
  	/*
  	 * If the driver did not support SIOCSIWAUTH, fallback to
  	 * SIOCSIWENCODE here.
  	 */
  	if (drv->auth_alg_fallback &&
  	    wpa_driver_wext_auth_alg_fallback(drv, params) < 0)
  		ret = -1;
  
  	if (!params->bssid &&
  	    wpa_driver_wext_set_bssid(drv, NULL) < 0)
  		ret = -1;
  
  	/* TODO: should consider getting wpa version and cipher/key_mgmt suites
  	 * from configuration, not from here, where only the selected suite is
  	 * available */
  	if (wpa_driver_wext_set_gen_ie(drv, params->wpa_ie, params->wpa_ie_len)
  	    < 0)
  		ret = -1;
  	if (params->wpa_proto & WPA_PROTO_RSN)
  		value = IW_AUTH_WPA_VERSION_WPA2;
  	else if (params->wpa_proto & WPA_PROTO_WPA)
  		value = IW_AUTH_WPA_VERSION_WPA;
  	else
  		value = IW_AUTH_WPA_VERSION_DISABLED;
  	if (wpa_driver_wext_set_auth_param(drv,
  					   IW_AUTH_WPA_VERSION, value) < 0)
  		ret = -1;
  	value = wpa_driver_wext_cipher2wext(params->pairwise_suite);
  	if (wpa_driver_wext_set_auth_param(drv,
  					   IW_AUTH_CIPHER_PAIRWISE, value) < 0)
  		ret = -1;
  	value = wpa_driver_wext_cipher2wext(params->group_suite);
  	if (wpa_driver_wext_set_auth_param(drv,
  					   IW_AUTH_CIPHER_GROUP, value) < 0)
  		ret = -1;
  	value = wpa_driver_wext_keymgmt2wext(params->key_mgmt_suite);
  	if (wpa_driver_wext_set_auth_param(drv,
  					   IW_AUTH_KEY_MGMT, value) < 0)
  		ret = -1;
  	value = params->key_mgmt_suite != WPA_KEY_MGMT_NONE ||
  		params->pairwise_suite != WPA_CIPHER_NONE ||
  		params->group_suite != WPA_CIPHER_NONE ||
  		(params->wpa_proto & (WPA_PROTO_RSN | WPA_PROTO_WPA));
  	if (wpa_driver_wext_set_auth_param(drv,
  					   IW_AUTH_PRIVACY_INVOKED, value) < 0)
  		ret = -1;
  
  	/* Allow unencrypted EAPOL messages even if pairwise keys are set when
  	 * not using WPA. IEEE 802.1X specifies that these frames are not
  	 * encrypted, but WPA encrypts them when pairwise keys are in use. */
  	if (params->key_mgmt_suite == WPA_KEY_MGMT_IEEE8021X ||
  	    params->key_mgmt_suite == WPA_KEY_MGMT_PSK)
  		allow_unencrypted_eapol = 0;
  	else
  		allow_unencrypted_eapol = 1;
  
  	if (wpa_driver_wext_set_psk(drv, params->psk) < 0)
  		ret = -1;
  	if (wpa_driver_wext_set_auth_param(drv,
  					   IW_AUTH_RX_UNENCRYPTED_EAPOL,
  					   allow_unencrypted_eapol) < 0)
  		ret = -1;
  #ifdef CONFIG_IEEE80211W
  	switch (params->mgmt_frame_protection) {
  	case NO_MGMT_FRAME_PROTECTION:
  		value = IW_AUTH_MFP_DISABLED;
  		break;
  	case MGMT_FRAME_PROTECTION_OPTIONAL:
  		value = IW_AUTH_MFP_OPTIONAL;
  		break;
  	case MGMT_FRAME_PROTECTION_REQUIRED:
  		value = IW_AUTH_MFP_REQUIRED;
  		break;
  	};
  	if (wpa_driver_wext_set_auth_param(drv, IW_AUTH_MFP, value) < 0)
  		ret = -1;
  #endif /* CONFIG_IEEE80211W */
  	if (params->freq.freq &&
  	    wpa_driver_wext_set_freq(drv, params->freq.freq) < 0)
  		ret = -1;
  	if (!drv->cfg80211 &&
  	    wpa_driver_wext_set_ssid(drv, params->ssid, params->ssid_len) < 0)
  		ret = -1;
  	if (params->bssid &&
  	    wpa_driver_wext_set_bssid(drv, params->bssid) < 0)
  		ret = -1;
  	if (drv->cfg80211 &&
  	    wpa_driver_wext_set_ssid(drv, params->ssid, params->ssid_len) < 0)
  		ret = -1;
  
  	return ret;
  }
  
  
  static int wpa_driver_wext_set_auth_alg(void *priv, int auth_alg)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	int algs = 0, res;
  
  	if (auth_alg & WPA_AUTH_ALG_OPEN)
  		algs |= IW_AUTH_ALG_OPEN_SYSTEM;
  	if (auth_alg & WPA_AUTH_ALG_SHARED)
  		algs |= IW_AUTH_ALG_SHARED_KEY;
  	if (auth_alg & WPA_AUTH_ALG_LEAP)
  		algs |= IW_AUTH_ALG_LEAP;
  	if (algs == 0) {
  		/* at least one algorithm should be set */
  		algs = IW_AUTH_ALG_OPEN_SYSTEM;
  	}
  
  	res = wpa_driver_wext_set_auth_param(drv, IW_AUTH_80211_AUTH_ALG,
  					     algs);
  	drv->auth_alg_fallback = res == -2;
  	return res;
  }
  
  
  /**
   * wpa_driver_wext_set_mode - Set wireless mode (infra/adhoc), SIOCSIWMODE
   * @priv: Pointer to private wext data from wpa_driver_wext_init()
   * @mode: 0 = infra/BSS (associate with an AP), 1 = adhoc/IBSS
   * Returns: 0 on success, -1 on failure
   */
  int wpa_driver_wext_set_mode(void *priv, int mode)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	struct iwreq iwr;
  	int ret = -1;
  	unsigned int new_mode = mode ? IW_MODE_ADHOC : IW_MODE_INFRA;
  
  	os_memset(&iwr, 0, sizeof(iwr));
  	os_strlcpy(iwr.ifr_name, drv->ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
  	iwr.u.mode = new_mode;
  	if (ioctl(drv->ioctl_sock, SIOCSIWMODE, &iwr) == 0) {
  		ret = 0;
  		goto done;
  	}
  
  	if (errno != EBUSY) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "ioctl[SIOCSIWMODE]: %s",
  			   strerror(errno));
  		goto done;
  	}
  
  	/* mac80211 doesn't allow mode changes while the device is up, so if
  	 * the device isn't in the mode we're about to change to, take device
  	 * down, try to set the mode again, and bring it back up.
  	 */
  	if (ioctl(drv->ioctl_sock, SIOCGIWMODE, &iwr) < 0) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "ioctl[SIOCGIWMODE]: %s",
  			   strerror(errno));
  		goto done;
  	}
  
  	if (iwr.u.mode == new_mode) {
  		ret = 0;
  		goto done;
  	}
  
  	if (linux_set_iface_flags(drv->ioctl_sock, drv->ifname, 0) == 0) {
  		/* Try to set the mode again while the interface is down */
  		iwr.u.mode = new_mode;
  		if (ioctl(drv->ioctl_sock, SIOCSIWMODE, &iwr) < 0)
  			wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "ioctl[SIOCSIWMODE]: %s",
  				   strerror(errno));
  		else
  			ret = 0;
  
  		(void) linux_set_iface_flags(drv->ioctl_sock, drv->ifname, 1);
  	}
  
  done:
  	return ret;
  }
  
  
  static int wpa_driver_wext_pmksa(struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv,
  				 u32 cmd, const u8 *bssid, const u8 *pmkid)
  {
  	struct iwreq iwr;
  	struct iw_pmksa pmksa;
  	int ret = 0;
  
  	os_memset(&iwr, 0, sizeof(iwr));
  	os_strlcpy(iwr.ifr_name, drv->ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
  	os_memset(&pmksa, 0, sizeof(pmksa));
  	pmksa.cmd = cmd;
  	pmksa.bssid.sa_family = ARPHRD_ETHER;
  	if (bssid)
  		os_memcpy(pmksa.bssid.sa_data, bssid, ETH_ALEN);
  	if (pmkid)
  		os_memcpy(pmksa.pmkid, pmkid, IW_PMKID_LEN);
  	iwr.u.data.pointer = (caddr_t) &pmksa;
  	iwr.u.data.length = sizeof(pmksa);
  
  	if (ioctl(drv->ioctl_sock, SIOCSIWPMKSA, &iwr) < 0) {
  		if (errno != EOPNOTSUPP)
  			wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "ioctl[SIOCSIWPMKSA]: %s",
  				   strerror(errno));
  		ret = -1;
  	}
  
  	return ret;
  }
  
  
  static int wpa_driver_wext_add_pmkid(void *priv, const u8 *bssid,
  				     const u8 *pmkid)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	return wpa_driver_wext_pmksa(drv, IW_PMKSA_ADD, bssid, pmkid);
  }
  
  
  static int wpa_driver_wext_remove_pmkid(void *priv, const u8 *bssid,
  		 			const u8 *pmkid)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	return wpa_driver_wext_pmksa(drv, IW_PMKSA_REMOVE, bssid, pmkid);
  }
  
  
  static int wpa_driver_wext_flush_pmkid(void *priv)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	return wpa_driver_wext_pmksa(drv, IW_PMKSA_FLUSH, NULL, NULL);
  }
  
  
  int wpa_driver_wext_get_capa(void *priv, struct wpa_driver_capa *capa)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	if (!drv->has_capability)
  		return -1;
  	os_memcpy(capa, &drv->capa, sizeof(*capa));
  	return 0;
  }
  
  
  int wpa_driver_wext_alternative_ifindex(struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv,
  					const char *ifname)
  {
  	if (ifname == NULL) {
  		drv->ifindex2 = -1;
  		return 0;
  	}
  
  	drv->ifindex2 = if_nametoindex(ifname);
  	if (drv->ifindex2 <= 0)
  		return -1;
  
  	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "Added alternative ifindex %d (%s) for "
  		   "wireless events", drv->ifindex2, ifname);
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  
  int wpa_driver_wext_set_operstate(void *priv, int state)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  
  	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: operstate %d->%d (%s)",
  		   __func__, drv->operstate, state, state ? "UP" : "DORMANT");
  	drv->operstate = state;
  	return netlink_send_oper_ifla(drv->netlink, drv->ifindex, -1,
  				      state ? IF_OPER_UP : IF_OPER_DORMANT);
  }
  
  
  int wpa_driver_wext_get_version(struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv)
  {
  	return drv->we_version_compiled;
  }
  
  
  static const char * wext_get_radio_name(void *priv)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	return drv->phyname;
  }
  
  
  static int wpa_driver_wext_signal_poll(void *priv, struct wpa_signal_info *si)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	struct iw_statistics stats;
  	struct iwreq iwr;
  
  	os_memset(si, 0, sizeof(*si));
  	si->current_signal = -9999;
  	si->current_noise = 9999;
  	si->chanwidth = CHAN_WIDTH_UNKNOWN;
  
  	os_memset(&iwr, 0, sizeof(iwr));
  	os_strlcpy(iwr.ifr_name, drv->ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
  	iwr.u.data.pointer = (caddr_t) &stats;
  	iwr.u.data.length = sizeof(stats);
  	iwr.u.data.flags = 1;
  
  	if (ioctl(drv->ioctl_sock, SIOCGIWSTATS, &iwr) < 0) {
  		wpa_printf(MSG_ERROR, "WEXT: SIOCGIWSTATS: %s",
  			   strerror(errno));
  		return -1;
  	}
  
  	si->current_signal = stats.qual.level -
  		((stats.qual.updated & IW_QUAL_DBM) ? 0x100 : 0);
  	si->current_noise = stats.qual.noise -
  		((stats.qual.updated & IW_QUAL_DBM) ? 0x100 : 0);
  	return 0;
  }
  
  
  static int wpa_driver_wext_status(void *priv, char *buf, size_t buflen)
  {
  	struct wpa_driver_wext_data *drv = priv;
  	int res;
  	char *pos, *end;
  	unsigned char addr[ETH_ALEN];
  
  	pos = buf;
  	end = buf + buflen;
  
  	if (linux_get_ifhwaddr(drv->ioctl_sock, drv->ifname, addr))
  		return -1;
  
  	res = os_snprintf(pos, end - pos,
  			  "ifindex=%d\n"
  			  "ifname=%s\n"
  			  "addr=" MACSTR "\n",
  			  drv->ifindex,
  			  drv->ifname,
  			  MAC2STR(addr));
  	if (os_snprintf_error(end - pos, res))
  		return pos - buf;
  	pos += res;
  
  	return pos - buf;
  }
  
  const struct wpa_driver_ops wpa_driver_wext_ops = {
  	.name = "wext",
  	.desc = "Linux wireless extensions (generic)",
  	.get_bssid = wpa_driver_wext_get_bssid,
  	.get_ssid = wpa_driver_wext_get_ssid,
  	.set_key = wpa_driver_wext_set_key,
  	.set_countermeasures = wpa_driver_wext_set_countermeasures,
  	.scan2 = wpa_driver_wext_scan,
  	.get_scan_results2 = wpa_driver_wext_get_scan_results,
  	.deauthenticate = wpa_driver_wext_deauthenticate,
  	.associate = wpa_driver_wext_associate,
  	.init = wpa_driver_wext_init,
  	.deinit = wpa_driver_wext_deinit,
  	.add_pmkid = wpa_driver_wext_add_pmkid,
  	.remove_pmkid = wpa_driver_wext_remove_pmkid,
  	.flush_pmkid = wpa_driver_wext_flush_pmkid,
  	.get_capa = wpa_driver_wext_get_capa,
  	.set_operstate = wpa_driver_wext_set_operstate,
  	.get_radio_name = wext_get_radio_name,
  	.signal_poll = wpa_driver_wext_signal_poll,
  	.status = wpa_driver_wext_status,
  };
  