text: // Copyright 2017 syzkaller project authors. All rights reserved.
  // Use of this source code is governed by Apache 2 LICENSE that can be found in the LICENSE file.
  
  #include <sys/utsname.h>
  
  static unsigned host_kernel_version();
  static void dump_cpu_state(int cpufd, char* vm_mem);
  
  static int test_one(int text_type, const char* text, int text_size, int flags, unsigned reason, bool check_rax)
  {
  	printf("=== testing text %d, text size 0x%x, flags 0x%x\n", text_type, text_size, flags);
  	int kvmfd = open("/dev/kvm", O_RDWR);
  	if (kvmfd == -1) {
  		if (errno == ENOENT) {
  			printf("/dev/kvm is not present\n");
  			return -1;
  		}
  		if (errno == EPERM || errno == EACCES) {
  			printf("no permissions to open /dev/kvm\n");
  			return -1;
  		}
  		printf("failed to open /dev/kvm (%d)\n", errno);
  		return 1;
  	}
  	int vmfd = ioctl(kvmfd, KVM_CREATE_VM, 0);
  	if (vmfd == -1) {
  		printf("KVM_CREATE_VM failed (%d)\n", errno);
  		return 1;
  	}
  	int cpufd = ioctl(vmfd, KVM_CREATE_VCPU, 0);
  	if (cpufd == -1) {
  		printf("KVM_CREATE_VCPU failed (%d)\n", errno);
  		return 1;
  	}
  	int cpu_mem_size = ioctl(kvmfd, KVM_GET_VCPU_MMAP_SIZE, 0);
  	if (cpu_mem_size <= 0) {
  		printf("KVM_GET_VCPU_MMAP_SIZE failed (%d)\n", errno);
  		return 1;
  	}
  	struct kvm_run* cpu_mem = (struct kvm_run*)mmap(0, cpu_mem_size,
  							PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, cpufd, 0);
  	if (cpu_mem == MAP_FAILED) {
  		printf("cpu mmap failed (%d)\n", errno);
  		return 1;
  	}
  	int vm_mem_size = 96 << 10;
  	void* vm_mem = mmap(0, vm_mem_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
  	if (vm_mem == MAP_FAILED) {
  		printf("mmap failed (%d)\n", errno);
  		return 1;
  	}
  	struct kvm_text kvm_text;
  	kvm_text.typ = text_type;
  	kvm_text.text = text;
  	kvm_text.size = text_size;
  	if (syz_kvm_setup_cpu(vmfd, cpufd, (uintptr_t)vm_mem, (uintptr_t)&kvm_text, 1, flags, 0, 0)) {
  		printf("syz_kvm_setup_cpu failed (%d)\n", errno);
  		return 1;
  	}
  	if (ioctl(cpufd, KVM_RUN, 0)) {
  		printf("KVM_RUN failed (%d)\n", errno);
  		return 1;
  	}
  	struct kvm_regs regs;
  	if (ioctl(cpufd, KVM_GET_REGS, &regs)) {
  		printf("KVM_GET_REGS failed (%d)\n", errno);
  		dump_cpu_state(cpufd, (char*)vm_mem);
  		return 1;
  	}
  	if (cpu_mem->exit_reason != reason) {
  		printf("KVM_RUN exit reason %d, expect %d\n", cpu_mem->exit_reason, reason);
  		if (cpu_mem->exit_reason == KVM_EXIT_FAIL_ENTRY)
  			printf("hardware exit reason 0x%llx\n",
  			       cpu_mem->fail_entry.hardware_entry_failure_reason);
  		dump_cpu_state(cpufd, (char*)vm_mem);
  		return 1;
  	}
  	if (check_rax && regs.rax != 0xbadc0de) {
  		printf("wrong result: rax=0x%llx\n", (long long)regs.rax);
  		dump_cpu_state(cpufd, (char*)vm_mem);
  		return 1;
  	}
  	munmap(vm_mem, vm_mem_size);
  	munmap(cpu_mem, cpu_mem_size);
  	close(cpufd);
  	close(vmfd);
  	close(kvmfd);
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int test_kvm()
  {
  	int res;
  
  	unsigned ver = host_kernel_version();
  	printf("host kernel version %u\n", ver);
  
  	// TODO: test VM mode.
  	//const char text16_vm[] = "\x48\xc7\xc3\xde\xc0\xad\x0b\x90\x90\x48\xc7\xc0\xef\xcd\xab\x00\xf4";
  	//if (res = test_one(64, text16_vm, sizeof(text16_vm) - 1, KVM_SETUP_VM, KVM_EXIT_HLT, true))
  	//	return res;
  
  	/// TODO: test code executed in interrupt handlers.
  	//const char text32_div0[] = "\x31\xc0\xf7\xf0";
  	//if (res = test_one(32, text32_div0, sizeof(text32_div0)-1, 0, KVM_EXIT_HLT, true))
  	//	return res;
  
  	const char text8[] = "\x66\xb8\xde\xc0\xad\x0b";
  	if ((res = test_one(8, text8, sizeof(text8) - 1, 0, KVM_EXIT_HLT, true)))
  		return res;
  	if ((res = test_one(8, text8, sizeof(text8) - 1, KVM_SETUP_VIRT86, KVM_EXIT_SHUTDOWN, true)))
  		return res;
  	if ((res = test_one(8, text8, sizeof(text8) - 1, KVM_SETUP_VIRT86 | KVM_SETUP_PAGING, KVM_EXIT_SHUTDOWN, true)))
  		return res;
  
  	const char text16[] = "\x66\xb8\xde\xc0\xad\x0b";
  	if ((res = test_one(16, text16, sizeof(text16) - 1, 0, KVM_EXIT_HLT, true)))
  		return res;
  	if ((res = test_one(16, text16, sizeof(text16) - 1, KVM_SETUP_CPL3, KVM_EXIT_SHUTDOWN, true)))
  		return res;
  
  	const char text32[] = "\xb8\xde\xc0\xad\x0b";
  	if ((res = test_one(32, text32, sizeof(text32) - 1, 0, KVM_EXIT_HLT, true)))
  		return res;
  	if ((res = test_one(32, text32, sizeof(text32) - 1, KVM_SETUP_PAGING, KVM_EXIT_HLT, true)))
  		return res;
  	if ((res = test_one(32, text32, sizeof(text32) - 1, KVM_SETUP_CPL3, KVM_EXIT_SHUTDOWN, true)))
  		return res;
  
  	const char text64[] = "\x90\xb8\xde\xc0\xad\x0b";
  	if ((res = test_one(64, text64, sizeof(text64) - 1, 0, KVM_EXIT_HLT, true)))
  		return res;
  	if ((res = test_one(64, text64, sizeof(text64) - 1, KVM_SETUP_PAGING, KVM_EXIT_HLT, true)))
  		return res;
  	if ((res = test_one(64, text64, sizeof(text64) - 1, KVM_SETUP_CPL3, KVM_EXIT_SHUTDOWN, true)))
  		return res;
  
  	const char text64_sysenter[] = "\xb8\xde\xc0\xad\x0b\x0f\x34";
  	if ((res = test_one(64, text64_sysenter, sizeof(text64_sysenter) - 1, KVM_SETUP_CPL3, KVM_EXIT_SHUTDOWN, true)))
  		return res;
  
  	// Note: SMM does not work on 3.13 kernels.
  	if (ver >= 404) {
  		const char text8_smm[] = "\x66\xb8\xde\xc0\xad\x0b";
  		if ((res = test_one(8, text8_smm, sizeof(text8_smm) - 1, KVM_SETUP_SMM, KVM_EXIT_HLT, true)))
  			return res;
  		if ((res = test_one(8, text8_smm, sizeof(text8_smm) - 1, KVM_SETUP_SMM | KVM_SETUP_PROTECTED, KVM_EXIT_HLT, true)))
  			return res;
  
  		//const char text32_smm[] = "\xb8\xde\xc0\xad\x0b";
  		if ((res = test_one(32, text8_smm, sizeof(text8_smm) - 1, KVM_SETUP_SMM, KVM_EXIT_HLT, true)))
  			return res;
  
  		// Also ensure that we are actually in SMM.
  		// If we do MOV to RAX and then RSM, RAX will be restored to host value so RAX check will fail.
  		// So instead we execute just RSM, if we are in SMM we will get KVM_EXIT_HLT,
  		// otherwise KVM_EXIT_INTERNAL_ERROR.
  		const char text_rsm[] = "\x0f\xaa";
  		if ((res = test_one(8, text_rsm, sizeof(text_rsm) - 1, KVM_SETUP_SMM, KVM_EXIT_HLT, false)))
  			return res;
  		if ((res = test_one(32, text_rsm, sizeof(text_rsm) - 1, KVM_SETUP_SMM, KVM_EXIT_HLT, false)))
  			return res;
  	}
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static unsigned host_kernel_version()
  {
  	struct utsname name;
  	if (uname(&name)) {
  		printf("uname failed (%d)\n", errno);
  		doexit(1);
  	}
  	unsigned major = atoi(name.release);
  	unsigned minor = 0;
  	if (strchr(name.release, '.'))
  		minor = atoi(strchr(name.release, '.') + 1);
  	return major * 100 + minor;
  }
  
  static void dump_seg(const char* name, struct kvm_segment* seg)
  {
  	printf("%s: base=0x%llx limit=0x%x sel=0x%x type=%d p=%d dpl=%d, db=%d s=%d l=%d g=%d\n",
  	       name, seg->base, seg->limit, seg->selector, seg->type, seg->present, seg->dpl, seg->db, seg->s, seg->l, seg->g);
  }
  
  static void dump_cpu_state(int cpufd, char* vm_mem)
  {
  	struct kvm_sregs sregs;
  	if (ioctl(cpufd, KVM_GET_SREGS, &sregs)) {
  		printf("KVM_GET_SREGS failed (%d)\n", errno);
  		return;
  	}
  	struct kvm_regs regs;
  	if (ioctl(cpufd, KVM_GET_REGS, &regs)) {
  		printf("KVM_GET_REGS failed (%d)\n", errno);
  		return;
  	}
  	printf("RIP=0x%llx RAX=0x%llx RDX=0x%llx RCX=0x%llx RBX=0x%llx CF=%d ZF=%d\n",
  	       regs.rip, regs.rax, regs.rdx, regs.rcx, regs.rbx, !!(regs.rflags & (1 << 0)), !!(regs.rflags & (1 << 6)));
  	printf("CR0=0x%llx CR2=0x%llx CR4=0x%llx EFER=0x%llx\n",
  	       sregs.cr0, sregs.cr2, sregs.cr4, sregs.efer);
  	dump_seg("CS", &sregs.cs);
  	dump_seg("SS", &sregs.ss);
  	dump_seg("DS", &sregs.ds);
  
  	if (false) {
  		printf("memory:\n");
  		for (int i = 0; i < 0x80; i++)
  			printf("0x%02x: 0x%02x\n", i, ((unsigned char*)vm_mem)[i]);
  	}
  
  	if (false) {
  		printf("vmcs:\n");
  		const int vmcs_size = 0x1000;
  		for (int i = 0; i < vmcs_size / 8; i += 4) {
  			printf("0x%04x: 0x%016llx 0x%016llx 0x%016llx 0x%016llx\n", i,
  			       ((long long*)vm_mem)[i], ((long long*)vm_mem)[i + 1], ((long long*)vm_mem)[i + 2], ((long long*)vm_mem)[i + 3]);
  		}
  	}
  }
  