text: #include <iostream>
  #include <thread>
  #include <sstream>
  using namespace std;
  
  void threadPro(int a, string b, double c)
  {
      cout << a << " " << b << " " << c << endl;
  }
  
  int main(void)
  {
      string str = "123";
      stringstream ss(str);
  	int result;
  	ss >> result;
  
      cout << result - 1 << endl;
  }