text: /*
   * Copyright (c) 1999-2000 Image Power, Inc. and the University of
   *   British Columbia.
   * Copyright (c) 2001-2002 Michael David Adams.
   * All rights reserved.
   */
  
  /* __START_OF_JASPER_LICENSE__
   * 
   * JasPer License Version 2.0
   * 
   * Copyright (c) 2001-2006 Michael David Adams
   * Copyright (c) 1999-2000 Image Power, Inc.
   * Copyright (c) 1999-2000 The University of British Columbia
   * 
   * All rights reserved.
   * 
   * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person (the
   * "User") obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
   * files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
   * including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
   * publish, distribute, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
   * persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
   * following conditions:
   * 
   * 1.  The above copyright notices and this permission notice (which
   * includes the disclaimer below) shall be included in all copies or
   * substantial portions of the Software.
   * 
   * 2.  The name of a copyright holder shall not be used to endorse or
   * promote products derived from the Software without specific prior
   * written permission.
   * 
   * THIS DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY CONSTITUTES AN ESSENTIAL PART OF THIS
   * LICENSE.  NO USE OF THE SOFTWARE IS AUTHORIZED HEREUNDER EXCEPT UNDER
   * THIS DISCLAIMER.  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS
   * "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
   * BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A
   * PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.  IN NO
   * EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, OR ANY SPECIAL
   * INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING
   * FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
   * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
   * WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.  NO ASSURANCES ARE
   * PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS THAT THE SOFTWARE DOES NOT INFRINGE
   * THE PATENT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS OF ANY OTHER ENTITY.
   * EACH COPYRIGHT HOLDER DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY TO THE USER FOR CLAIMS
   * BROUGHT BY ANY OTHER ENTITY BASED ON INFRINGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL
   * PROPERTY RIGHTS OR OTHERWISE.  AS A CONDITION TO EXERCISING THE RIGHTS
   * GRANTED HEREUNDER, EACH USER HEREBY ASSUMES SOLE RESPONSIBILITY TO SECURE
   * ANY OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS NEEDED, IF ANY.  THE SOFTWARE
   * IS NOT FAULT-TOLERANT AND IS NOT INTENDED FOR USE IN MISSION-CRITICAL
   * SYSTEMS, SUCH AS THOSE USED IN THE OPERATION OF NUCLEAR FACILITIES,
   * AIRCRAFT NAVIGATION OR COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS, AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL
   * SYSTEMS, DIRECT LIFE SUPPORT MACHINES, OR WEAPONS SYSTEMS, IN WHICH
   * THE FAILURE OF THE SOFTWARE OR SYSTEM COULD LEAD DIRECTLY TO DEATH,
   * PERSONAL INJURY, OR SEVERE PHYSICAL OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE ("HIGH
   * RISK ACTIVITIES").  THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ANY
   * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR HIGH RISK ACTIVITIES.
   * 
   * __END_OF_JASPER_LICENSE__
   */
  
  /*
   * Tier 1 Encoder
   *
   * $Id: jpc_t1enc.c,v 1.1 2008/10/17 06:15:00 scuri Exp $
   */
  
  /******************************************************************************\
  * Includes.
  \******************************************************************************/
  
  #include <stdio.h>
  #include <stdlib.h>
  #include <assert.h>
  
  #include "jasper/jas_fix.h"
  #include "jasper/jas_malloc.h"
  #include "jasper/jas_math.h"
  
  #include "jpc_t1enc.h"
  #include "jpc_t1cod.h"
  #include "jpc_enc.h"
  #include "jpc_cod.h"
  #include "jpc_math.h"
  
  static int jpc_encsigpass(jpc_mqenc_t *mqenc, int bitpos, int orient, int,
    jas_matrix_t *flags, jas_matrix_t *data, int term, long *nmsedec);
  
  static int jpc_encrefpass(jpc_mqenc_t *mqenc, int bitpos, int, jas_matrix_t *flags,
    jas_matrix_t *data, int term, long *nmsedec);
  
  static int jpc_encclnpass(jpc_mqenc_t *mqenc, int bitpos, int orient, int,
    int, jas_matrix_t *flags, jas_matrix_t *data, int term, long *nmsedec);
  
  static int jpc_encrawsigpass(jpc_bitstream_t *out, int bitpos, int,
    jas_matrix_t *flags, jas_matrix_t *data, int term, long *nmsedec);
  
  static int jpc_encrawrefpass(jpc_bitstream_t *out, int bitpos, int,
    jas_matrix_t *flags, jas_matrix_t *data, int term, long *nmsedec);
  
  /******************************************************************************\
  * Code for encoding code blocks.
  \******************************************************************************/
  
  /* Encode all of the code blocks associated with the current tile. */
  int jpc_enc_enccblks(jpc_enc_t *enc)
  {
  	jpc_enc_tcmpt_t *tcmpt;
  	jpc_enc_tcmpt_t *endcomps;
  	jpc_enc_rlvl_t *lvl;
  	jpc_enc_rlvl_t *endlvls;
  	jpc_enc_band_t *band;
  	jpc_enc_band_t *endbands;
  	jpc_enc_cblk_t *cblk;
  	jpc_enc_cblk_t *endcblks;
  	int i;
  	int j;
  	int mx;
  	int bmx;
  	int v;
  	jpc_enc_tile_t *tile;
  	uint_fast32_t prcno;
  	jpc_enc_prc_t *prc;
  
  	tile = enc->curtile;
  
  	endcomps = &tile->tcmpts[tile->numtcmpts];
  	for (tcmpt = tile->tcmpts; tcmpt != endcomps; ++tcmpt) {
  		endlvls = &tcmpt->rlvls[tcmpt->numrlvls];
  		for (lvl = tcmpt->rlvls; lvl != endlvls; ++lvl) {
  
        // GeoJasper: dima - progress
        jas_do_progress( (int) lvl, (int) (endlvls-1), "jpc: encode" );
        if (jas_test_abort() == 1) return -1;      
  
        if (!lvl->bands) {
  				continue;
  			}
  			endbands = &lvl->bands[lvl->numbands];
  			for (band = lvl->bands; band != endbands; ++band) {
  				if (!band->data) {
  					continue;
  				}
  				for (prcno = 0, prc = band->prcs; prcno < lvl->numprcs; ++prcno, ++prc) {
  					if (!prc->cblks) {
  						continue;
  					}
  					bmx = 0;
  					endcblks = &prc->cblks[prc->numcblks];
  					for (cblk = prc->cblks; cblk != endcblks; ++cblk) {
  						mx = 0;
  						for (i = 0; i < jas_matrix_numrows(cblk->data); ++i) {
  							for (j = 0; j < jas_matrix_numcols(cblk->data); ++j) {
  								v = abs(jas_matrix_get(cblk->data, i, j));
  								if (v > mx) {
  									mx = v;
  								}
  							}
  						}
  						if (mx > bmx) {
  							bmx = mx;
  						}
  						cblk->numbps = JAS_MAX(jpc_firstone(mx) + 1 - JPC_NUMEXTRABITS, 0);
  					}
  
  					for (cblk = prc->cblks; cblk != endcblks; ++cblk) {
  						cblk->numimsbs = band->numbps - cblk->numbps;
  						assert(cblk->numimsbs >= 0);
  					}
  
  					for (cblk = prc->cblks; cblk != endcblks; ++cblk) {
  						if (jpc_enc_enccblk(enc, cblk->stream, tcmpt, band, cblk)) {
  							return -1;
  						}
  					}
  				}
  			}
  		}
  	}
  	return 0;
  }
  
  int getthebyte(jas_stream_t *in, long off)
  {
  	int c;
  	long oldpos;
  	oldpos = jas_stream_tell(in);
  	assert(oldpos >= 0);
  	jas_stream_seek(in, off, SEEK_SET);
  	c = jas_stream_peekc(in);
  	jas_stream_seek(in, oldpos, SEEK_SET);
  	return c;
  }
  
  /* Encode a single code block. */
  int jpc_enc_enccblk(jpc_enc_t *enc, jas_stream_t *out, jpc_enc_tcmpt_t *tcmpt, jpc_enc_band_t *band, jpc_enc_cblk_t *cblk)
  {
  	jpc_enc_pass_t *pass;
  	jpc_enc_pass_t *endpasses;
  	int bitpos;
  	int n;
  	int adjust;
  	int ret;
  	int passtype;
  	int t;
  	jpc_bitstream_t *bout;
  	jpc_enc_pass_t *termpass;
  	jpc_enc_rlvl_t *rlvl;
  	int vcausal;
  	int segsym;
  	int termmode;
  	int c;
  
  	bout = 0;
  	rlvl = band->rlvl;
  
  	cblk->stream = jas_stream_memopen(0, 0);
  	assert(cblk->stream);
  	cblk->mqenc = jpc_mqenc_create(JPC_NUMCTXS, cblk->stream);
  	assert(cblk->mqenc);
  	jpc_mqenc_setctxs(cblk->mqenc, JPC_NUMCTXS, jpc_mqctxs);
  
  	cblk->numpasses = (cblk->numbps > 0) ? (3 * cblk->numbps - 2) : 0;
  	if (cblk->numpasses > 0) {
  		cblk->passes = jas_malloc(cblk->numpasses * sizeof(jpc_enc_pass_t));
  		assert(cblk->passes);
  	} else {
  		cblk->passes = 0;
  	}
  	endpasses = &cblk->passes[cblk->numpasses];
  	for (pass = cblk->passes; pass != endpasses; ++pass) {
  		pass->start = 0;
  		pass->end = 0;
  		pass->term = JPC_ISTERMINATED(pass - cblk->passes, 0, cblk->numpasses, (tcmpt->cblksty & JPC_COX_TERMALL) != 0, (tcmpt->cblksty & JPC_COX_LAZY) != 0);
  		pass->type = JPC_SEGTYPE(pass - cblk->passes, 0, (tcmpt->cblksty & JPC_COX_LAZY) != 0);
  		pass->lyrno = -1;
  if (pass == endpasses - 1) {
  assert(pass->term == 1);
  	pass->term = 1;
  }
  	}
  
  	cblk->flags = jas_matrix_create(jas_matrix_numrows(cblk->data) + 2,
  	  jas_matrix_numcols(cblk->data) + 2);
  	assert(cblk->flags);
  
  
  	bitpos = cblk->numbps - 1;
  	pass = cblk->passes;
  	n = cblk->numpasses;
  	while (--n >= 0) {
  
  		if (pass->type == JPC_SEG_MQ) {
  			/* NOP */
  		} else {
  			assert(pass->type == JPC_SEG_RAW);
  			if (!bout) {
  				bout = jpc_bitstream_sopen(cblk->stream, "w");
  				assert(bout);
  			}
  		}
  
  #if 1
  		passtype = (pass - cblk->passes + 2) % 3;
  #else
  		passtype = JPC_PASSTYPE(pass - cblk->passes + 2);
  #endif
  		pass->start = jas_stream_tell(cblk->stream);
  #if 0
  assert(jas_stream_tell(cblk->stream) == jas_stream_getrwcount(cblk->stream));
  #endif
  		assert(bitpos >= 0);
  		vcausal = (tcmpt->cblksty & JPC_COX_VSC) != 0;
  		segsym = (tcmpt->cblksty & JPC_COX_SEGSYM) != 0;
  		if (pass->term) {
  			termmode = ((tcmpt->cblksty & JPC_COX_PTERM) ?
  			  JPC_MQENC_PTERM : JPC_MQENC_DEFTERM) + 1;
  		} else {
  			termmode = 0;
  		}
  		switch (passtype) {
  		case JPC_SIGPASS:
  			ret = (pass->type == JPC_SEG_MQ) ? jpc_encsigpass(cblk->mqenc,
  			  bitpos, band->orient, vcausal, cblk->flags,
  			  cblk->data, termmode, &pass->nmsedec) :
  			  jpc_encrawsigpass(bout, bitpos, vcausal, cblk->flags,
  			  cblk->data, termmode, &pass->nmsedec);
  			break;
  		case JPC_REFPASS:
  			ret = (pass->type == JPC_SEG_MQ) ? jpc_encrefpass(cblk->mqenc,
  			  bitpos, vcausal, cblk->flags, cblk->data, termmode,
  			  &pass->nmsedec) : jpc_encrawrefpass(bout, bitpos,
  			  vcausal, cblk->flags, cblk->data, termmode,
  			  &pass->nmsedec);
  			break;
  		case JPC_CLNPASS:
  			assert(pass->type == JPC_SEG_MQ);
  			ret = jpc_encclnpass(cblk->mqenc, bitpos, band->orient,
  			  vcausal, segsym, cblk->flags, cblk->data, termmode,
  			  &pass->nmsedec);
  			break;
  		default:
  			assert(0);
  			break;
  		}
  
  		if (pass->type == JPC_SEG_MQ) {
  			if (pass->term) {
  				jpc_mqenc_init(cblk->mqenc);
  			}
  			jpc_mqenc_getstate(cblk->mqenc, &pass->mqencstate);
  			pass->end = jas_stream_tell(cblk->stream);
  			if (tcmpt->cblksty & JPC_COX_RESET) {
  				jpc_mqenc_setctxs(cblk->mqenc, JPC_NUMCTXS, jpc_mqctxs);
  			}
  		} else {
  			if (pass->term) {
  				if (jpc_bitstream_pending(bout)) {
  					jpc_bitstream_outalign(bout, 0x2a);
  				}
  				jpc_bitstream_close(bout);
  				bout = 0;
  				pass->end = jas_stream_tell(cblk->stream);
  			} else {
  				pass->end = jas_stream_tell(cblk->stream) +
  				  jpc_bitstream_pending(bout);
  /* NOTE - This will not work.  need to adjust by # of pending output bytes */
  			}
  		}
  #if 0
  /* XXX - This assertion fails sometimes when various coding modes are used.
  This seems to be harmless, but why does it happen at all? */
  assert(jas_stream_tell(cblk->stream) == jas_stream_getrwcount(cblk->stream));
  #endif
  
  		pass->wmsedec = jpc_fixtodbl(band->rlvl->tcmpt->synweight) *
  		  jpc_fixtodbl(band->rlvl->tcmpt->synweight) *
  		  jpc_fixtodbl(band->synweight) *
  		  jpc_fixtodbl(band->synweight) *
  		  jpc_fixtodbl(band->absstepsize) * jpc_fixtodbl(band->absstepsize) *
  		  ((double) (1 << bitpos)) * ((double)(1 << bitpos)) *
  		  jpc_fixtodbl(pass->nmsedec);
  		pass->cumwmsedec = pass->wmsedec;
  		if (pass != cblk->passes) {
  			pass->cumwmsedec += pass[-1].cumwmsedec;
  		}
  		if (passtype == JPC_CLNPASS) {
  			--bitpos;
  		}
  		++pass;
  	}
  
  #if 0
  dump_passes(cblk->passes, cblk->numpasses, cblk);
  #endif
  
  	n = 0;
  	endpasses = &cblk->passes[cblk->numpasses];
  	for (pass = cblk->passes; pass != endpasses; ++pass) {
  		if (pass->start < n) {
  			pass->start = n;
  		}
  		if (pass->end < n) {
  			pass->end = n;
  		}
  		if (!pass->term) {
  			termpass = pass;
  			while (termpass - pass < cblk->numpasses &&
  			  !termpass->term) {
  				++termpass;
  			}
  			if (pass->type == JPC_SEG_MQ) {
  				t = (pass->mqencstate.lastbyte == 0xff) ? 1 : 0;
  				if (pass->mqencstate.ctreg >= 5) {
  					adjust = 4 + t;
  				} else {
  					adjust = 5 + t;
  				}
  				pass->end += adjust;
  			}
  			if (pass->end > termpass->end) {
  				pass->end = termpass->end;
  			}
  			if ((c = getthebyte(cblk->stream, pass->end - 1)) == EOF) {
  				abort();
  			}
  			if (c == 0xff) {
  				++pass->end;
  			}
  			n = JAS_MAX(n, pass->end);
  		} else {
  			n = JAS_MAX(n, pass->end);
  		}
  	}
  
  #if 0
  dump_passes(cblk->passes, cblk->numpasses, cblk);
  #endif
  
  	if (bout) {
  		jpc_bitstream_close(bout);
  	}
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  /******************************************************************************\
  * Code for significance pass.
  \******************************************************************************/
  
  #define	sigpass_step(fp, frowstep, dp, bitpos, one, nmsedec, orient, mqenc, vcausalflag) \
  { \
  	int f; \
  	int v; \
  	f = *(fp); \
  	if ((f & JPC_OTHSIGMSK) && !(f & (JPC_SIG | JPC_VISIT))) { \
  		v = (abs(*(dp)) & (one)) ? 1 : 0; \
  		jpc_mqenc_setcurctx(mqenc, JPC_GETZCCTXNO(f, (orient))); \
  		jpc_mqenc_putbit(mqenc, v); \
  		if (v) { \
  			*(nmsedec) += JPC_GETSIGNMSEDEC(abs(*(dp)), (bitpos) + JPC_NUMEXTRABITS); \
  			v = ((*(dp) < 0) ? 1 : 0); \
  			jpc_mqenc_setcurctx(mqenc, JPC_GETSCCTXNO(f)); \
  			jpc_mqenc_putbit(mqenc, v ^ JPC_GETSPB(f)); \
  			JPC_UPDATEFLAGS4(fp, frowstep, v, vcausalflag); \
  			*(fp) |= JPC_SIG; \
  		} \
  		*(fp) |= JPC_VISIT; \
  	} \
  }
  
  static int jpc_encsigpass(jpc_mqenc_t *mqenc, int bitpos, int orient, int vcausalflag,
    jas_matrix_t *flags, jas_matrix_t *data, int term, long *nmsedec)
  {
  	int i;
  	int j;
  	int one;
  	int vscanlen;
  	int width;
  	int height;
  	int frowstep;
  	int drowstep;
  	int fstripestep;
  	int dstripestep;
  	jpc_fix_t *fstripestart;
  	jpc_fix_t *dstripestart;
  	jpc_fix_t *fp;
  	jpc_fix_t *dp;
  	jpc_fix_t *fvscanstart;
  	jpc_fix_t *dvscanstart;
  	int k;
  
  	*nmsedec = 0;
  	width = jas_matrix_numcols(data);
  	height = jas_matrix_numrows(data);
  	frowstep = jas_matrix_rowstep(flags);
  	drowstep = jas_matrix_rowstep(data);
  	fstripestep = frowstep << 2;
  	dstripestep = drowstep << 2;
  
  	one = 1 << (bitpos + JPC_NUMEXTRABITS);
  
  	fstripestart = jas_matrix_getref(flags, 1, 1);
  	dstripestart = jas_matrix_getref(data, 0, 0);
  	for (i = height; i > 0; i -= 4, fstripestart += fstripestep,
  	  dstripestart += dstripestep) {
  		fvscanstart = fstripestart;
  		dvscanstart = dstripestart;
  		vscanlen = JAS_MIN(i, 4);
  		for (j = width; j > 0; --j, ++fvscanstart, ++dvscanstart) {
  			fp = fvscanstart;
  			dp = dvscanstart;
  			k = vscanlen;
  
  			sigpass_step(fp, frowstep, dp, bitpos, one,
  			  nmsedec, orient, mqenc, vcausalflag);
  			if (--k <= 0) {
  				continue;
  			}
  			fp += frowstep;
  			dp += drowstep;
  			sigpass_step(fp, frowstep, dp, bitpos, one,
  			  nmsedec, orient, mqenc, 0);
  			if (--k <= 0) {
  				continue;
  			}
  			fp += frowstep;
  			dp += drowstep;
  			sigpass_step(fp, frowstep, dp, bitpos, one,
  			  nmsedec, orient, mqenc, 0);
  			if (--k <= 0) {
  				continue;
  			}
  			fp += frowstep;
  			dp += drowstep;
  			sigpass_step(fp, frowstep, dp, bitpos, one,
  			  nmsedec, orient, mqenc, 0);
  
  		}
  	}
  
  	if (term) {
  		jpc_mqenc_flush(mqenc, term - 1);
  	}
  
  	return jpc_mqenc_error(mqenc) ? (-1) : 0;
  }
  
  #define	rawsigpass_step(fp, frowstep, dp, bitpos, one, nmsedec, out, vcausalflag) \
  { \
  	jpc_fix_t f = *(fp); \
  	jpc_fix_t v; \
  	if ((f & JPC_OTHSIGMSK) && !(f & (JPC_SIG | JPC_VISIT))) { \
  		v = (abs(*(dp)) & (one)) ? 1 : 0; \
  		if ((jpc_bitstream_putbit((out), v)) == EOF) { \
  			return -1; \
  		} \
  		if (v) { \
  			*(nmsedec) += JPC_GETSIGNMSEDEC(abs(*(dp)), (bitpos) + JPC_NUMEXTRABITS); \
  			v = ((*(dp) < 0) ? 1 : 0); \
  			if (jpc_bitstream_putbit(out, v) == EOF) { \
  				return -1; \
  			} \
  			JPC_UPDATEFLAGS4(fp, frowstep, v, vcausalflag); \
  			*(fp) |= JPC_SIG; \
  		} \
  		*(fp) |= JPC_VISIT; \
  	} \
  }
  
  static int jpc_encrawsigpass(jpc_bitstream_t *out, int bitpos, int vcausalflag, jas_matrix_t *flags,
    jas_matrix_t *data, int term, long *nmsedec)
  {
  	int i;
  	int j;
  	int k;
  	int one;
  	int vscanlen;
  	int width;
  	int height;
  	int frowstep;
  	int drowstep;
  	int fstripestep;
  	int dstripestep;
  	jpc_fix_t *fstripestart;
  	jpc_fix_t *dstripestart;
  	jpc_fix_t *fp;
  	jpc_fix_t *dp;
  	jpc_fix_t *fvscanstart;
  	jpc_fix_t *dvscanstart;
  
  	*nmsedec = 0;
  	width = jas_matrix_numcols(data);
  	height = jas_matrix_numrows(data);
  	frowstep = jas_matrix_rowstep(flags);
  	drowstep = jas_matrix_rowstep(data);
  	fstripestep = frowstep << 2;
  	dstripestep = drowstep << 2;
  
  	one = 1 << (bitpos + JPC_NUMEXTRABITS);
  
  	fstripestart = jas_matrix_getref(flags, 1, 1);
  	dstripestart = jas_matrix_getref(data, 0, 0);
  	for (i = height; i > 0; i -= 4, fstripestart += fstripestep,
  	  dstripestart += dstripestep) {
  		fvscanstart = fstripestart;
  		dvscanstart = dstripestart;
  		vscanlen = JAS_MIN(i, 4);
  		for (j = width; j > 0; --j, ++fvscanstart, ++dvscanstart) {
  			fp = fvscanstart;
  			dp = dvscanstart;
  			k = vscanlen;
  
  			rawsigpass_step(fp, frowstep, dp, bitpos, one,
  			  nmsedec, out, vcausalflag);
  			if (--k <= 0) {
  				continue;
  			}
  			fp += frowstep;
  			dp += drowstep;
  
  			rawsigpass_step(fp, frowstep, dp, bitpos, one,
  			  nmsedec, out, 0);
  			if (--k <= 0) {
  				continue;
  			}
  			fp += frowstep;
  			dp += drowstep;
  
  			rawsigpass_step(fp, frowstep, dp, bitpos, one,
  			  nmsedec, out, 0);
  			if (--k <= 0) {
  				continue;
  			}
  			fp += frowstep;
  			dp += drowstep;
  
  			rawsigpass_step(fp, frowstep, dp, bitpos, one,
  			  nmsedec, out, 0);
  			if (--k <= 0) {
  				continue;
  			}
  			fp += frowstep;
  			dp += drowstep;
  
  		}
  	}
  
  	if (term) {
  		jpc_bitstream_outalign(out, 0x2a);
  	}
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  /******************************************************************************\
  * Code for refinement pass.
  \******************************************************************************/
  
  #define	refpass_step(fp, dp, bitpos, one, nmsedec, mqenc, vcausalflag) \
  { \
  	int v; \
  	if (((*(fp)) & (JPC_SIG | JPC_VISIT)) == JPC_SIG) { \
  		(d) = *(dp); \
  		*(nmsedec) += JPC_GETREFNMSEDEC(abs(d), (bitpos) + JPC_NUMEXTRABITS); \
  		jpc_mqenc_setcurctx((mqenc), JPC_GETMAGCTXNO(*(fp))); \
  		v = (abs(d) & (one)) ? 1 : 0; \
  		jpc_mqenc_putbit((mqenc), v); \
  		*(fp) |= JPC_REFINE; \
  	} \
  }
  
  static int jpc_encrefpass(jpc_mqenc_t *mqenc, int bitpos, int vcausalflag, jas_matrix_t *flags, jas_matrix_t *data,
    int term, long *nmsedec)
  {
  	int i;
  	int j;
  	int one;
  	int vscanlen;
  	int d;
  	int width;
  	int height;
  	int frowstep;
  	int drowstep;
  	int fstripestep;
  	int dstripestep;
  	jpc_fix_t *fstripestart;
  	jpc_fix_t *dstripestart;
  	jpc_fix_t *fvscanstart;
  	jpc_fix_t *dvscanstart;
  	jpc_fix_t *dp;
  	jpc_fix_t *fp;
  int k;
  
  	*nmsedec = 0;
  	width = jas_matrix_numcols(data);
  	height = jas_matrix_numrows(data);
  	frowstep = jas_matrix_rowstep(flags);
  	drowstep = jas_matrix_rowstep(data);
  	fstripestep = frowstep << 2;
  	dstripestep = drowstep << 2;
  
  	one = 1 << (bitpos + JPC_NUMEXTRABITS);
  
  	fstripestart = jas_matrix_getref(flags, 1, 1);
  	dstripestart = jas_matrix_getref(data, 0, 0);
  	for (i = height; i > 0; i -= 4, fstripestart += fstripestep,
  	  dstripestart += dstripestep) {
  		fvscanstart = fstripestart;
  		dvscanstart = dstripestart;
  		vscanlen = JAS_MIN(i, 4);
  		for (j = width; j > 0; --j, ++fvscanstart, ++dvscanstart) {
  			fp = fvscanstart;
  			dp = dvscanstart;
  			k = vscanlen;
  
  			refpass_step(fp, dp, bitpos, one, nmsedec,
  			  mqenc, vcausalflag);
  			if (--k <= 0) {
  				continue;
  			}
  			fp += frowstep;
  			dp += drowstep;
  			refpass_step(fp, dp, bitpos, one, nmsedec,
  			  mqenc, 0);
  			if (--k <= 0) {
  				continue;
  			}
  			fp += frowstep;
  			dp += drowstep;
  			refpass_step(fp, dp, bitpos, one, nmsedec,
  			  mqenc, 0);
  			if (--k <= 0) {
  				continue;
  			}
  			fp += frowstep;
  			dp += drowstep;
  			refpass_step(fp, dp, bitpos, one, nmsedec,
  			  mqenc, 0);
  
  		}
  	}
  
  	if (term) {
  		jpc_mqenc_flush(mqenc, term - 1);
  	}
  
  	return jpc_mqenc_error(mqenc) ? (-1) : 0;
  }
  
  #define	rawrefpass_step(fp, dp, bitpos, one, nmsedec, out, vcausalflag) \
  { \
  	jpc_fix_t d; \
  	jpc_fix_t v; \
  	if (((*(fp)) & (JPC_SIG | JPC_VISIT)) == JPC_SIG) { \
  		d = *(dp); \
  		*(nmsedec) += JPC_GETREFNMSEDEC(abs(d), (bitpos) + JPC_NUMEXTRABITS); \
  		v = (abs(d) & (one)) ? 1 : 0; \
  		if (jpc_bitstream_putbit((out), v) == EOF) { \
  			return -1; \
  		} \
  		*(fp) |= JPC_REFINE; \
  	} \
  }
  
  static int jpc_encrawrefpass(jpc_bitstream_t *out, int bitpos, int vcausalflag, jas_matrix_t *flags,
    jas_matrix_t *data, int term, long *nmsedec)
  {
  	int i;
  	int j;
  	int k;
  	int one;
  	int vscanlen;
  	int width;
  	int height;
  	int frowstep;
  	int drowstep;
  	int fstripestep;
  	int dstripestep;
  	jpc_fix_t *fstripestart;
  	jpc_fix_t *dstripestart;
  	jpc_fix_t *fvscanstart;
  	jpc_fix_t *dvscanstart;
  	jpc_fix_t *dp;
  	jpc_fix_t *fp;
  
  	*nmsedec = 0;
  	width = jas_matrix_numcols(data);
  	height = jas_matrix_numrows(data);
  	frowstep = jas_matrix_rowstep(flags);
  	drowstep = jas_matrix_rowstep(data);
  	fstripestep = frowstep << 2;
  	dstripestep = drowstep << 2;
  
  	one = 1 << (bitpos + JPC_NUMEXTRABITS);
  
  	fstripestart = jas_matrix_getref(flags, 1, 1);
  	dstripestart = jas_matrix_getref(data, 0, 0);
  	for (i = height; i > 0; i -= 4, fstripestart += fstripestep,
  	  dstripestart += dstripestep) {
  		fvscanstart = fstripestart;
  		dvscanstart = dstripestart;
  		vscanlen = JAS_MIN(i, 4);
  		for (j = width; j > 0; --j, ++fvscanstart, ++dvscanstart) {
  			fp = fvscanstart;
  			dp = dvscanstart;
  			k = vscanlen;
  
  			rawrefpass_step(fp, dp, bitpos, one, nmsedec,
  			  out, vcausalflag);
  			if (--k <= 0) {
  				continue;
  			}
  			fp += frowstep;
  			dp += drowstep;
  			rawrefpass_step(fp, dp, bitpos, one, nmsedec,
  			  out, vcausalflag);
  			if (--k <= 0) {
  				continue;
  			}
  			fp += frowstep;
  			dp += drowstep;
  			rawrefpass_step(fp, dp, bitpos, one, nmsedec,
  			  out, vcausalflag);
  			if (--k <= 0) {
  				continue;
  			}
  			fp += frowstep;
  			dp += drowstep;
  			rawrefpass_step(fp, dp, bitpos, one, nmsedec,
  			  out, vcausalflag);
  
  		}
  	}
  
  	if (term) {
  		jpc_bitstream_outalign(out, 0x2a);
  	}
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  /******************************************************************************\
  * Code for cleanup pass.
  \******************************************************************************/
  
  #define	clnpass_step(fp, frowstep, dp, bitpos, one, orient, nmsedec, mqenc, label1, label2, vcausalflag) \
  { \
  	int f; \
  	int v; \
  label1 \
  	f = *(fp); \
  	if (!(f & (JPC_SIG | JPC_VISIT))) { \
  		jpc_mqenc_setcurctx(mqenc, JPC_GETZCCTXNO(f, (orient))); \
  		v = (abs(*(dp)) & (one)) ? 1 : 0; \
  		jpc_mqenc_putbit((mqenc), v); \
  		if (v) { \
  label2 \
  			f = *(fp); \
  			/* Coefficient is significant. */ \
  			*(nmsedec) += JPC_GETSIGNMSEDEC(abs(*(dp)), (bitpos) + JPC_NUMEXTRABITS); \
  			jpc_mqenc_setcurctx((mqenc), JPC_GETSCCTXNO(f)); \
  			v = ((*(dp) < 0) ? 1 : 0); \
  			jpc_mqenc_putbit((mqenc), v ^ JPC_GETSPB(f)); \
  			JPC_UPDATEFLAGS4((fp), (frowstep), v, vcausalflag); \
  			*(fp) |= JPC_SIG; \
  		} \
  	} \
  	*(fp) &= ~JPC_VISIT; \
  }
  
  static int jpc_encclnpass(jpc_mqenc_t *mqenc, int bitpos, int orient, int vcausalflag, int segsymflag, jas_matrix_t *flags,
    jas_matrix_t *data, int term, long *nmsedec)
  {
  	int i;
  	int j;
  	int k;
  	int vscanlen;
  	int v;
  	int runlen;
  	jpc_fix_t *fp;
  	int width;
  	int height;
  	jpc_fix_t *dp;
  	int one;
  	int frowstep;
  	int drowstep;
  	int fstripestep;
  	int dstripestep;
  	jpc_fix_t *fstripestart;
  	jpc_fix_t *dstripestart;
  	jpc_fix_t *fvscanstart;
  	jpc_fix_t *dvscanstart;
  
  	*nmsedec = 0;
  	width = jas_matrix_numcols(data);
  	height = jas_matrix_numrows(data);
  	frowstep = jas_matrix_rowstep(flags);
  	drowstep = jas_matrix_rowstep(data);
  	fstripestep = frowstep << 2;
  	dstripestep = drowstep << 2;
  
  	one = 1 << (bitpos + JPC_NUMEXTRABITS);
  
  	fstripestart = jas_matrix_getref(flags, 1, 1);
  	dstripestart = jas_matrix_getref(data, 0, 0);
  	for (i = height; i > 0; i -= 4, fstripestart += fstripestep,
  	  dstripestart += dstripestep) {
  		fvscanstart = fstripestart;
  		dvscanstart = dstripestart;
  		vscanlen = JAS_MIN(i, 4);
  		for (j = width; j > 0; --j, ++fvscanstart, ++dvscanstart) {
  
  			fp = fvscanstart;
  			if (vscanlen >= 4 && !((*fp) & (JPC_SIG | JPC_VISIT |
  			  JPC_OTHSIGMSK)) && (fp += frowstep, !((*fp) & (JPC_SIG |
  			  JPC_VISIT | JPC_OTHSIGMSK))) && (fp += frowstep, !((*fp) &
  			  (JPC_SIG | JPC_VISIT | JPC_OTHSIGMSK))) && (fp += frowstep,
  			  !((*fp) & (JPC_SIG | JPC_VISIT | JPC_OTHSIGMSK)))) {
  				dp = dvscanstart;
  				for (k = 0; k < vscanlen; ++k) {
  					v = (abs(*dp) & one) ? 1 : 0;
  					if (v) {
  						break;
  					}
  					dp += drowstep;
  				}
  				runlen = k;
  				if (runlen >= 4) {
  					jpc_mqenc_setcurctx(mqenc, JPC_AGGCTXNO);
  					jpc_mqenc_putbit(mqenc, 0);
  					continue;
  				}
  				jpc_mqenc_setcurctx(mqenc, JPC_AGGCTXNO);
  				jpc_mqenc_putbit(mqenc, 1);
  				jpc_mqenc_setcurctx(mqenc, JPC_UCTXNO);
  				jpc_mqenc_putbit(mqenc, runlen >> 1);
  				jpc_mqenc_putbit(mqenc, runlen & 1);
  				fp = fvscanstart + frowstep * runlen;
  				dp = dvscanstart + drowstep * runlen;
  				k = vscanlen - runlen;
  				switch (runlen) {
  				case 0:
  					goto clnpass_partial0;
  					break;
  				case 1:
  					goto clnpass_partial1;
  					break;
  				case 2:
  					goto clnpass_partial2;
  					break;
  				case 3:
  					goto clnpass_partial3;
  					break;
  				}
  			} else {
  				runlen = 0;
  				fp = fvscanstart;
  				dp = dvscanstart;
  				k = vscanlen;
  				goto clnpass_full0;
  			}
  			clnpass_step(fp, frowstep, dp, bitpos, one,
  			  orient, nmsedec, mqenc, clnpass_full0:, clnpass_partial0:, vcausalflag);
  			if (--k <= 0) {
  				continue;
  			}
  			fp += frowstep;
  			dp += drowstep;
  			clnpass_step(fp, frowstep, dp, bitpos, one,
  				orient, nmsedec, mqenc, ;, clnpass_partial1:, 0);
  			if (--k <= 0) {
  				continue;
  			}
  			fp += frowstep;
  			dp += drowstep;
  			clnpass_step(fp, frowstep, dp, bitpos, one,
  				orient, nmsedec, mqenc, ;, clnpass_partial2:, 0);
  			if (--k <= 0) {
  				continue;
  			}
  			fp += frowstep;
  			dp += drowstep;
  			clnpass_step(fp, frowstep, dp, bitpos, one,
  				orient, nmsedec, mqenc, ;, clnpass_partial3:, 0);
  		}
  	}
  
  	if (segsymflag) {
  		jpc_mqenc_setcurctx(mqenc, JPC_UCTXNO);
  		jpc_mqenc_putbit(mqenc, 1);
  		jpc_mqenc_putbit(mqenc, 0);
  		jpc_mqenc_putbit(mqenc, 1);
  		jpc_mqenc_putbit(mqenc, 0);
  	}
  
  	if (term) {
  		jpc_mqenc_flush(mqenc, term - 1);
  	}
  
  	return jpc_mqenc_error(mqenc) ? (-1) : 0;
  }
  