text: /*
   * libev event processing core, watcher management
   *
   * Copyright (c) 2007-2020 Marc Alexander Lehmann <libev@schmorp.de>
   * All rights reserved.
   *
   * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
   * tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
   *
   *   1.  Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
   *       this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   *
   *   2.  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   *       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
   *
   * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
   * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
   * CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO
   * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPE-
   * CIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
   * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
   * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
   * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTH-
   * ERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
   * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
   *
   * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
   * the GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 or any later version,
   * in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable instead of
   * the above. If you wish to allow the use of your version of this file
   * only under the terms of the GPL and not to allow others to use your
   * version of this file under the BSD license, indicate your decision
   * by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
   * and other provisions required by the GPL. If you do not delete the
   * provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
   * either the BSD or the GPL.
   */
  
  /* this big block deduces configuration from config.h */
  #ifndef EV_STANDALONE
  # ifdef EV_CONFIG_H
  #  include EV_CONFIG_H
  # else
  #  include "config.h"
  # endif
  
  # if HAVE_FLOOR
  #  ifndef EV_USE_FLOOR
  #   define EV_USE_FLOOR 1
  #  endif
  # endif
  
  # if HAVE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
  #  ifndef EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
  #   define EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL 1
  #   ifndef EV_USE_REALTIME
  #    define EV_USE_REALTIME  0
  #   endif
  #   ifndef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
  #    define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 1
  #   endif
  #  endif
  # elif !defined EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
  #  define EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL 0
  # endif
  
  # if HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME
  #  ifndef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
  #   define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 1
  #  endif
  #  ifndef EV_USE_REALTIME
  #   define EV_USE_REALTIME  0
  #  endif
  # else
  #  ifndef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
  #   define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 0
  #  endif
  #  ifndef EV_USE_REALTIME
  #   define EV_USE_REALTIME  0
  #  endif
  # endif
  
  # if HAVE_NANOSLEEP
  #  ifndef EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
  #    define EV_USE_NANOSLEEP EV_FEATURE_OS
  #  endif
  # else
  #   undef EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
  #   define EV_USE_NANOSLEEP 0
  # endif
  
  # if HAVE_SELECT && HAVE_SYS_SELECT_H
  #  ifndef EV_USE_SELECT
  #   define EV_USE_SELECT EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
  #  endif
  # else
  #  undef EV_USE_SELECT
  #  define EV_USE_SELECT 0
  # endif
  
  # if HAVE_POLL && HAVE_POLL_H
  #  ifndef EV_USE_POLL
  #   define EV_USE_POLL EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
  #  endif
  # else
  #  undef EV_USE_POLL
  #  define EV_USE_POLL 0
  # endif
   
  # if HAVE_EPOLL_CTL && HAVE_SYS_EPOLL_H
  #  ifndef EV_USE_EPOLL
  #   define EV_USE_EPOLL EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
  #  endif
  # else
  #  undef EV_USE_EPOLL
  #  define EV_USE_EPOLL 0
  # endif
  
  # if HAVE_LINUX_AIO_ABI_H
  #  ifndef EV_USE_LINUXAIO
  #   define EV_USE_LINUXAIO 0 /* was: EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS, always off by default */
  #  endif
  # else
  #  undef EV_USE_LINUXAIO
  #  define EV_USE_LINUXAIO 0
  # endif
  
  # if HAVE_LINUX_FS_H && HAVE_SYS_TIMERFD_H && HAVE_KERNEL_RWF_T
  #  ifndef EV_USE_IOURING
  #   define EV_USE_IOURING EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
  #  endif
  # else
  #  undef EV_USE_IOURING
  #  define EV_USE_IOURING 0
  # endif
  
  # if HAVE_KQUEUE && HAVE_SYS_EVENT_H
  #  ifndef EV_USE_KQUEUE
  #   define EV_USE_KQUEUE EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
  #  endif
  # else
  #  undef EV_USE_KQUEUE
  #  define EV_USE_KQUEUE 0
  # endif
   
  # if HAVE_PORT_H && HAVE_PORT_CREATE
  #  ifndef EV_USE_PORT
  #   define EV_USE_PORT EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
  #  endif
  # else
  #  undef EV_USE_PORT
  #  define EV_USE_PORT 0
  # endif
  
  # if HAVE_INOTIFY_INIT && HAVE_SYS_INOTIFY_H
  #  ifndef EV_USE_INOTIFY
  #   define EV_USE_INOTIFY EV_FEATURE_OS
  #  endif
  # else
  #  undef EV_USE_INOTIFY
  #  define EV_USE_INOTIFY 0
  # endif
  
  # if HAVE_SIGNALFD && HAVE_SYS_SIGNALFD_H
  #  ifndef EV_USE_SIGNALFD
  #   define EV_USE_SIGNALFD EV_FEATURE_OS
  #  endif
  # else
  #  undef EV_USE_SIGNALFD
  #  define EV_USE_SIGNALFD 0
  # endif
  
  # if HAVE_EVENTFD
  #  ifndef EV_USE_EVENTFD
  #   define EV_USE_EVENTFD EV_FEATURE_OS
  #  endif
  # else
  #  undef EV_USE_EVENTFD
  #  define EV_USE_EVENTFD 0
  # endif
  
  # if HAVE_SYS_TIMERFD_H
  #  ifndef EV_USE_TIMERFD
  #   define EV_USE_TIMERFD EV_FEATURE_OS
  #  endif
  # else
  #  undef EV_USE_TIMERFD
  #  define EV_USE_TIMERFD 0
  # endif
  
  #endif
  
  /* OS X, in its infinite idiocy, actually HARDCODES
   * a limit of 1024 into their select. Where people have brains,
   * OS X engineers apparently have a vacuum. Or maybe they were
   * ordered to have a vacuum, or they do anything for money.
   * This might help. Or not.
   * Note that this must be defined early, as other include files
   * will rely on this define as well.
   */
  #define _DARWIN_UNLIMITED_SELECT 1
  
  #include <stdlib.h>
  #include <string.h>
  #include <fcntl.h>
  #include <stddef.h>
  
  #include <stdio.h>
  
  #include <assert.h>
  #include <errno.h>
  #include <sys/types.h>
  #include <time.h>
  #include <limits.h>
  
  #include <signal.h>
  
  #ifdef EV_H
  # include EV_H
  #else
  # include "ev.h"
  #endif
  
  #if EV_NO_THREADS
  # undef EV_NO_SMP
  # define EV_NO_SMP 1
  # undef ECB_NO_THREADS
  # define ECB_NO_THREADS 1
  #endif
  #if EV_NO_SMP
  # undef EV_NO_SMP
  # define ECB_NO_SMP 1
  #endif
  
  #ifndef _WIN32
  # include <sys/time.h>
  # include <sys/wait.h>
  # include <unistd.h>
  #else
  # include <io.h>
  # define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
  # include <winsock2.h>
  # include <windows.h>
  # ifndef EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET
  #  define EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET 1
  # endif
  # undef EV_AVOID_STDIO
  #endif
  
  /* this block tries to deduce configuration from header-defined symbols and defaults */
  
  /* try to deduce the maximum number of signals on this platform */
  #if defined EV_NSIG
  /* use what's provided */
  #elif defined NSIG
  # define EV_NSIG (NSIG)
  #elif defined _NSIG
  # define EV_NSIG (_NSIG)
  #elif defined SIGMAX
  # define EV_NSIG (SIGMAX+1)
  #elif defined SIG_MAX
  # define EV_NSIG (SIG_MAX+1)
  #elif defined _SIG_MAX
  # define EV_NSIG (_SIG_MAX+1)
  #elif defined MAXSIG
  # define EV_NSIG (MAXSIG+1)
  #elif defined MAX_SIG
  # define EV_NSIG (MAX_SIG+1)
  #elif defined SIGARRAYSIZE
  # define EV_NSIG (SIGARRAYSIZE) /* Assume ary[SIGARRAYSIZE] */
  #elif defined _sys_nsig
  # define EV_NSIG (_sys_nsig) /* Solaris 2.5 */
  #else
  # define EV_NSIG (8 * sizeof (sigset_t) + 1)
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_FLOOR
  # define EV_USE_FLOOR 0
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
  # if __linux && __GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ < 17
  #  define EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL EV_FEATURE_OS
  # else
  #  define EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #if !(_POSIX_TIMERS > 0)
  # ifndef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
  #  define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 0
  # endif
  # ifndef EV_USE_REALTIME
  #  define EV_USE_REALTIME 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
  # if defined _POSIX_MONOTONIC_CLOCK && _POSIX_MONOTONIC_CLOCK >= 0
  #  define EV_USE_MONOTONIC EV_FEATURE_OS
  # else
  #  define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_REALTIME
  # define EV_USE_REALTIME !EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
  # if _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 199309L
  #  define EV_USE_NANOSLEEP EV_FEATURE_OS
  # else
  #  define EV_USE_NANOSLEEP 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_SELECT
  # define EV_USE_SELECT EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_POLL
  # ifdef _WIN32
  #  define EV_USE_POLL 0
  # else
  #  define EV_USE_POLL EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_EPOLL
  # if __linux && (__GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 4))
  #  define EV_USE_EPOLL EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
  # else
  #  define EV_USE_EPOLL 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_KQUEUE
  # define EV_USE_KQUEUE 0
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_PORT
  # define EV_USE_PORT 0
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_LINUXAIO
  # if __linux /* libev currently assumes linux/aio_abi.h is always available on linux */
  #  define EV_USE_LINUXAIO 0 /* was: 1, always off by default */
  # else
  #  define EV_USE_LINUXAIO 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_IOURING
  # if __linux /* later checks might disable again */
  #  define EV_USE_IOURING 1
  # else
  #  define EV_USE_IOURING 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_INOTIFY
  # if __linux && (__GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 4))
  #  define EV_USE_INOTIFY EV_FEATURE_OS
  # else
  #  define EV_USE_INOTIFY 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_PID_HASHSIZE
  # define EV_PID_HASHSIZE EV_FEATURE_DATA ? 16 : 1
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE
  # define EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE EV_FEATURE_DATA ? 16 : 1
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_EVENTFD
  # if __linux && (__GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 7))
  #  define EV_USE_EVENTFD EV_FEATURE_OS
  # else
  #  define EV_USE_EVENTFD 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_SIGNALFD
  # if __linux && (__GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 7))
  #  define EV_USE_SIGNALFD EV_FEATURE_OS
  # else
  #  define EV_USE_SIGNALFD 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_TIMERFD
  # if __linux && (__GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 8))
  #  define EV_USE_TIMERFD EV_FEATURE_OS
  # else
  #  define EV_USE_TIMERFD 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #if 0 /* debugging */
  # define EV_VERIFY 3
  # define EV_USE_4HEAP 1
  # define EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT 1
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_VERIFY
  # define EV_VERIFY (EV_FEATURE_API ? 1 : 0)
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_4HEAP
  # define EV_USE_4HEAP EV_FEATURE_DATA
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT
  # define EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT EV_FEATURE_DATA
  #endif
  
  #ifdef __ANDROID__
  /* supposedly, android doesn't typedef fd_mask */
  # undef EV_USE_SELECT
  # define EV_USE_SELECT 0
  /* supposedly, we need to include syscall.h, not sys/syscall.h, so just disable */
  # undef EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
  # define EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL 0
  #endif
  
  /* aix's poll.h seems to cause lots of trouble */
  #ifdef _AIX
  /* AIX has a completely broken poll.h header */
  # undef EV_USE_POLL
  # define EV_USE_POLL 0
  #endif
  
  /* on linux, we can use a (slow) syscall to avoid a dependency on pthread, */
  /* which makes programs even slower. might work on other unices, too. */
  #if EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
  # include <sys/syscall.h>
  # ifdef SYS_clock_gettime
  #  define clock_gettime(id, ts) syscall (SYS_clock_gettime, (id), (ts))
  #  undef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
  #  define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 1
  #  define EV_NEED_SYSCALL 1
  # else
  #  undef EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
  #  define EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  /* this block fixes any misconfiguration where we know we run into trouble otherwise */
  
  #ifndef CLOCK_MONOTONIC
  # undef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
  # define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 0
  #endif
  
  #ifndef CLOCK_REALTIME
  # undef EV_USE_REALTIME
  # define EV_USE_REALTIME 0
  #endif
  
  #if !EV_STAT_ENABLE
  # undef EV_USE_INOTIFY
  # define EV_USE_INOTIFY 0
  #endif
  
  #if __linux && EV_USE_IOURING
  # include <linux/version.h>
  # if LINUX_VERSION_CODE < KERNEL_VERSION(4,14,0)
  #  undef EV_USE_IOURING
  #  define EV_USE_IOURING 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #if !EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
  /* hp-ux has it in sys/time.h, which we unconditionally include above */
  # if !defined _WIN32 && !defined __hpux
  #  include <sys/select.h>
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #if EV_USE_LINUXAIO
  # include <sys/syscall.h>
  # if SYS_io_getevents && EV_USE_EPOLL /* linuxaio backend requires epoll backend */
  #  define EV_NEED_SYSCALL 1
  # else
  #  undef EV_USE_LINUXAIO
  #  define EV_USE_LINUXAIO 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #if EV_USE_IOURING
  # include <sys/syscall.h>
  # if !SYS_io_uring_register && __linux && !__alpha
  #  define SYS_io_uring_setup    425
  #  define SYS_io_uring_enter    426
  #  define SYS_io_uring_register 427
  # endif
  # if SYS_io_uring_setup && EV_USE_EPOLL /* iouring backend requires epoll backend */
  #  define EV_NEED_SYSCALL 1
  # else
  #  undef EV_USE_IOURING
  #  define EV_USE_IOURING 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
  # include <sys/statfs.h>
  # include <sys/inotify.h>
  /* some very old inotify.h headers don't have IN_DONT_FOLLOW */
  # ifndef IN_DONT_FOLLOW
  #  undef EV_USE_INOTIFY
  #  define EV_USE_INOTIFY 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #if EV_USE_EVENTFD
  /* our minimum requirement is glibc 2.7 which has the stub, but not the full header */
  # include <stdint.h>
  # ifndef EFD_NONBLOCK
  #  define EFD_NONBLOCK O_NONBLOCK
  # endif
  # ifndef EFD_CLOEXEC
  #  ifdef O_CLOEXEC
  #   define EFD_CLOEXEC O_CLOEXEC
  #  else
  #   define EFD_CLOEXEC 02000000
  #  endif
  # endif
  EV_CPP(extern "C") int (eventfd) (unsigned int initval, int flags);
  #endif
  
  #if EV_USE_SIGNALFD
  /* our minimum requirement is glibc 2.7 which has the stub, but not the full header */
  # include <stdint.h>
  # ifndef SFD_NONBLOCK
  #  define SFD_NONBLOCK O_NONBLOCK
  # endif
  # ifndef SFD_CLOEXEC
  #  ifdef O_CLOEXEC
  #   define SFD_CLOEXEC O_CLOEXEC
  #  else
  #   define SFD_CLOEXEC 02000000
  #  endif
  # endif
  EV_CPP (extern "C") int (signalfd) (int fd, const sigset_t *mask, int flags);
  
  struct signalfd_siginfo
  {
    uint32_t ssi_signo;
    char pad[128 - sizeof (uint32_t)];
  };
  #endif
  
  /* for timerfd, libev core requires TFD_TIMER_CANCEL_ON_SET &c */
  #if EV_USE_TIMERFD
  # include <sys/timerfd.h>
  /* timerfd is only used for periodics */
  # if !(defined (TFD_TIMER_CANCEL_ON_SET) && defined (TFD_CLOEXEC) && defined (TFD_NONBLOCK)) || !EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
  #  undef EV_USE_TIMERFD
  #  define EV_USE_TIMERFD 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  #if EV_VERIFY >= 3
  # define EV_FREQUENT_CHECK ev_verify (EV_A)
  #else
  # define EV_FREQUENT_CHECK do { } while (0)
  #endif
  
  /*
   * This is used to work around floating point rounding problems.
   * This value is good at least till the year 4000.
   */
  #define MIN_INTERVAL  0.0001220703125 /* 1/2**13, good till 4000 */
  /*#define MIN_INTERVAL  0.00000095367431640625 /* 1/2**20, good till 2200 */
  
  #define MIN_TIMEJUMP   1. /* minimum timejump that gets detected (if monotonic clock available) */
  #define MAX_BLOCKTIME  59.743 /* never wait longer than this time (to detect time jumps) */
  #define MAX_BLOCKTIME2 1500001.07 /* same, but when timerfd is used to detect jumps, also safe delay to not overflow */
  
  /* find a portable timestamp that is "always" in the future but fits into time_t.
   * this is quite hard, and we are mostly guessing - we handle 32 bit signed/unsigned time_t,
   * and sizes larger than 32 bit, and maybe the unlikely floating point time_t */
  #define EV_TSTAMP_HUGE \
    (sizeof (time_t) >= 8     ? 10000000000000.  \
     : 0 < (time_t)4294967295 ?     4294967295.  \
     :                              2147483647.) \
  
  #ifndef EV_TS_CONST
  # define EV_TS_CONST(nv) nv
  # define EV_TS_TO_MSEC(a) a * 1e3 + 0.9999
  # define EV_TS_FROM_USEC(us) us * 1e-6
  # define EV_TV_SET(tv,t) do { tv.tv_sec = (long)t; tv.tv_usec = (long)((t - tv.tv_sec) * 1e6); } while (0)
  # define EV_TS_SET(ts,t) do { ts.tv_sec = (long)t; ts.tv_nsec = (long)((t - ts.tv_sec) * 1e9); } while (0)
  # define EV_TV_GET(tv) ((tv).tv_sec + (tv).tv_usec * 1e-6)
  # define EV_TS_GET(ts) ((ts).tv_sec + (ts).tv_nsec * 1e-9)
  #endif
  
  /* the following is ecb.h embedded into libev - use update_ev_c to update from an external copy */
  /* ECB.H BEGIN */
  /*
   * libecb - http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/libecb
   *
   * Copyright (©) 2009-2015,2018-2020 Marc Alexander Lehmann <libecb@schmorp.de>
   * Copyright (©) 2011 Emanuele Giaquinta
   * All rights reserved.
   *
   * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
   * tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
   *
   *   1.  Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
   *       this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   *
   *   2.  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   *       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
   *
   * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
   * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
   * CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO
   * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPE-
   * CIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
   * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
   * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
   * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTH-
   * ERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
   * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
   *
   * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
   * the GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 or any later version,
   * in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable instead of
   * the above. If you wish to allow the use of your version of this file
   * only under the terms of the GPL and not to allow others to use your
   * version of this file under the BSD license, indicate your decision
   * by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
   * and other provisions required by the GPL. If you do not delete the
   * provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
   * either the BSD or the GPL.
   */
  
  #ifndef ECB_H
  #define ECB_H
  
  /* 16 bits major, 16 bits minor */
  #define ECB_VERSION 0x00010008
  
  #include <string.h> /* for memcpy */
  
  #if defined (_WIN32) && !defined (__MINGW32__)
    typedef   signed char   int8_t;
    typedef unsigned char  uint8_t;
    typedef   signed char   int_fast8_t;
    typedef unsigned char  uint_fast8_t;
    typedef   signed short  int16_t;
    typedef unsigned short uint16_t;
    typedef   signed int    int_fast16_t;
    typedef unsigned int   uint_fast16_t;
    typedef   signed int    int32_t;
    typedef unsigned int   uint32_t;
    typedef   signed int    int_fast32_t;
    typedef unsigned int   uint_fast32_t;
    #if __GNUC__
      typedef   signed long long int64_t;
      typedef unsigned long long uint64_t;
    #else /* _MSC_VER || __BORLANDC__ */
      typedef   signed __int64   int64_t;
      typedef unsigned __int64   uint64_t;
    #endif
    typedef  int64_t  int_fast64_t;
    typedef uint64_t uint_fast64_t;
    #ifdef _WIN64
      #define ECB_PTRSIZE 8
      typedef uint64_t uintptr_t;
      typedef  int64_t  intptr_t;
    #else
      #define ECB_PTRSIZE 4
      typedef uint32_t uintptr_t;
      typedef  int32_t  intptr_t;
    #endif
  #else
    #include <inttypes.h>
    #if (defined INTPTR_MAX ? INTPTR_MAX : ULONG_MAX) > 0xffffffffU
      #define ECB_PTRSIZE 8
    #else
      #define ECB_PTRSIZE 4
    #endif
  #endif
  
  #define ECB_GCC_AMD64 (__amd64 || __amd64__ || __x86_64 || __x86_64__)
  #define ECB_MSVC_AMD64 (_M_AMD64 || _M_X64)
  
  #ifndef ECB_OPTIMIZE_SIZE
    #if __OPTIMIZE_SIZE__
      #define ECB_OPTIMIZE_SIZE 1
    #else
      #define ECB_OPTIMIZE_SIZE 0
    #endif
  #endif
  
  /* work around x32 idiocy by defining proper macros */
  #if ECB_GCC_AMD64 || ECB_MSVC_AMD64
    #if _ILP32
      #define ECB_AMD64_X32 1
    #else
      #define ECB_AMD64 1
    #endif
  #endif
  
  /* many compilers define _GNUC_ to some versions but then only implement
   * what their idiot authors think are the "more important" extensions,
   * causing enormous grief in return for some better fake benchmark numbers.
   * or so.
   * we try to detect these and simply assume they are not gcc - if they have
   * an issue with that they should have done it right in the first place.
   */
  #if !defined __GNUC_MINOR__ || defined __INTEL_COMPILER || defined __SUNPRO_C || defined __SUNPRO_CC || defined __llvm__ || defined __clang__
    #define ECB_GCC_VERSION(major,minor) 0
  #else
    #define ECB_GCC_VERSION(major,minor) (__GNUC__ > (major) || (__GNUC__ == (major) && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= (minor)))
  #endif
  
  #define ECB_CLANG_VERSION(major,minor) (__clang_major__ > (major) || (__clang_major__ == (major) && __clang_minor__ >= (minor)))
  
  #if __clang__ && defined __has_builtin
    #define ECB_CLANG_BUILTIN(x) __has_builtin (x)
  #else
    #define ECB_CLANG_BUILTIN(x) 0
  #endif
  
  #if __clang__ && defined __has_extension
    #define ECB_CLANG_EXTENSION(x) __has_extension (x)
  #else
    #define ECB_CLANG_EXTENSION(x) 0
  #endif
  
  #define ECB_CPP   (__cplusplus+0)
  #define ECB_CPP11 (__cplusplus >= 201103L)
  #define ECB_CPP14 (__cplusplus >= 201402L)
  #define ECB_CPP17 (__cplusplus >= 201703L)
  
  #if ECB_CPP
    #define ECB_C            0
    #define ECB_STDC_VERSION 0
  #else
    #define ECB_C            1
    #define ECB_STDC_VERSION __STDC_VERSION__
  #endif
  
  #define ECB_C99   (ECB_STDC_VERSION >= 199901L)
  #define ECB_C11   (ECB_STDC_VERSION >= 201112L)
  #define ECB_C17   (ECB_STDC_VERSION >= 201710L)
  
  #if ECB_CPP
    #define ECB_EXTERN_C extern "C"
    #define ECB_EXTERN_C_BEG ECB_EXTERN_C {
    #define ECB_EXTERN_C_END }
  #else
    #define ECB_EXTERN_C extern
    #define ECB_EXTERN_C_BEG
    #define ECB_EXTERN_C_END
  #endif
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  /* ECB_NO_THREADS - ecb is not used by multiple threads, ever */
  /* ECB_NO_SMP     - ecb might be used in multiple threads, but only on a single cpu */
  
  #if ECB_NO_THREADS
    #define ECB_NO_SMP 1
  #endif
  
  #if ECB_NO_SMP
    #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE do { } while (0)
  #endif
  
  /* http://www-01.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/SSGH3R_13.1.0/com.ibm.xlcpp131.aix.doc/compiler_ref/compiler_builtins.html */
  #if __xlC__ && ECB_CPP
    #include <builtins.h>
  #endif
  
  #if 1400 <= _MSC_VER
    #include <intrin.h> /* fence functions _ReadBarrier, also bit search functions _BitScanReverse */
  #endif
  
  #ifndef ECB_MEMORY_FENCE
    #if ECB_GCC_VERSION(2,5) || defined __INTEL_COMPILER || (__llvm__ && __GNUC__) || __SUNPRO_C >= 0x5110 || __SUNPRO_CC >= 0x5110
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELAXED __asm__ __volatile__ ("" : : : "memory")
      #if __i386 || __i386__
        #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ ("lock; orb $0, -1(%%esp)" : : : "memory")
        #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE __asm__ __volatile__ (""                        : : : "memory")
        #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE __asm__ __volatile__ (""                        : : : "memory")
      #elif ECB_GCC_AMD64
        #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ ("mfence"   : : : "memory")
        #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE __asm__ __volatile__ (""         : : : "memory")
        #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE __asm__ __volatile__ (""         : : : "memory")
      #elif __powerpc__ || __ppc__ || __powerpc64__ || __ppc64__
        #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ ("sync"     : : : "memory")
      #elif defined __ARM_ARCH_2__ \
        || defined __ARM_ARCH_3__  || defined __ARM_ARCH_3M__  \
        || defined __ARM_ARCH_4__  || defined __ARM_ARCH_4T__  \
        || defined __ARM_ARCH_5__  || defined __ARM_ARCH_5E__  \
        || defined __ARM_ARCH_5T__ || defined __ARM_ARCH_5TE__ \
        || defined __ARM_ARCH_5TEJ__
        /* should not need any, unless running old code on newer cpu - arm doesn't support that */
      #elif defined __ARM_ARCH_6__  || defined __ARM_ARCH_6J__  \
         || defined __ARM_ARCH_6K__ || defined __ARM_ARCH_6ZK__ \
         || defined __ARM_ARCH_6T2__
        #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ ("mcr p15,0,%0,c7,c10,5" : : "r" (0) : "memory")
      #elif defined __ARM_ARCH_7__  || defined __ARM_ARCH_7A__  \
         || defined __ARM_ARCH_7R__ || defined __ARM_ARCH_7M__
        #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ ("dmb"      : : : "memory")
      #elif __aarch64__
        #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ ("dmb ish"  : : : "memory")
      #elif (__sparc || __sparc__) && !(__sparc_v8__ || defined __sparcv8)
        #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ ("membar #LoadStore | #LoadLoad | #StoreStore | #StoreLoad" : : : "memory")
        #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE __asm__ __volatile__ ("membar #LoadStore | #LoadLoad"                            : : : "memory")
        #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE __asm__ __volatile__ ("membar #LoadStore             | #StoreStore")
      #elif defined __s390__ || defined __s390x__
        #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ ("bcr 15,0" : : : "memory")
      #elif defined __mips__
        /* GNU/Linux emulates sync on mips1 architectures, so we force its use */
        /* anybody else who still uses mips1 is supposed to send in their version, with detection code. */
        #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ (".set mips2; sync; .set mips0" : : : "memory")
      #elif defined __alpha__
        #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ ("mb"       : : : "memory")
      #elif defined __hppa__
        #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ (""         : : : "memory")
        #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE __asm__ __volatile__ ("")
      #elif defined __ia64__
        #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ ("mf"       : : : "memory")
      #elif defined __m68k__
        #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ (""         : : : "memory")
      #elif defined __m88k__
        #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ ("tb1 0,%%r0,128" : : : "memory")
      #elif defined __sh__
        #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __asm__ __volatile__ (""         : : : "memory")
      #endif
    #endif
  #endif
  
  #ifndef ECB_MEMORY_FENCE
    #if ECB_GCC_VERSION(4,7)
      /* see comment below (stdatomic.h) about the C11 memory model. */
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __atomic_thread_fence (__ATOMIC_SEQ_CST)
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE __atomic_thread_fence (__ATOMIC_ACQUIRE)
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE __atomic_thread_fence (__ATOMIC_RELEASE)
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELAXED __atomic_thread_fence (__ATOMIC_RELAXED)
  
    #elif ECB_CLANG_EXTENSION(c_atomic)
      /* see comment below (stdatomic.h) about the C11 memory model. */
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __c11_atomic_thread_fence (__ATOMIC_SEQ_CST)
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE __c11_atomic_thread_fence (__ATOMIC_ACQUIRE)
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE __c11_atomic_thread_fence (__ATOMIC_RELEASE)
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELAXED __c11_atomic_thread_fence (__ATOMIC_RELAXED)
  
    #elif ECB_GCC_VERSION(4,4) || defined __INTEL_COMPILER || defined __clang__
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __sync_synchronize ()
    #elif _MSC_VER >= 1500 /* VC++ 2008 */
      /* apparently, microsoft broke all the memory barrier stuff in Visual Studio 2008... */
      #pragma intrinsic(_ReadBarrier,_WriteBarrier,_ReadWriteBarrier)
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         _ReadWriteBarrier (); MemoryBarrier()
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE _ReadWriteBarrier (); MemoryBarrier() /* according to msdn, _ReadBarrier is not a load fence */
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE _WriteBarrier (); MemoryBarrier()
    #elif _MSC_VER >= 1400 /* VC++ 2005 */
      #pragma intrinsic(_ReadBarrier,_WriteBarrier,_ReadWriteBarrier)
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         _ReadWriteBarrier ()
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE _ReadWriteBarrier () /* according to msdn, _ReadBarrier is not a load fence */
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE _WriteBarrier ()
    #elif defined _WIN32
      #include <WinNT.h>
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         MemoryBarrier () /* actually just xchg on x86... scary */
    #elif __SUNPRO_C >= 0x5110 || __SUNPRO_CC >= 0x5110
      #include <mbarrier.h>
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __machine_rw_barrier  ()
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE __machine_acq_barrier ()
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE __machine_rel_barrier ()
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELAXED __compiler_barrier ()
    #elif __xlC__
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         __sync ()
    #endif
  #endif
  
  #ifndef ECB_MEMORY_FENCE
    #if ECB_C11 && !defined __STDC_NO_ATOMICS__
      /* we assume that these memory fences work on all variables/all memory accesses, */
      /* not just C11 atomics and atomic accesses */
      #include <stdatomic.h>
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE         atomic_thread_fence (memory_order_seq_cst)
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE atomic_thread_fence (memory_order_acquire)
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE atomic_thread_fence (memory_order_release)
    #endif
  #endif
  
  #ifndef ECB_MEMORY_FENCE
    #if !ECB_AVOID_PTHREADS
      /*
       * if you get undefined symbol references to pthread_mutex_lock,
       * or failure to find pthread.h, then you should implement
       * the ECB_MEMORY_FENCE operations for your cpu/compiler
       * OR provide pthread.h and link against the posix thread library
       * of your system.
       */
      #include <pthread.h>
      #define ECB_NEEDS_PTHREADS 1
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_NEEDS_PTHREADS 1
  
      static pthread_mutex_t ecb_mf_lock = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
      #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE do { pthread_mutex_lock (&ecb_mf_lock); pthread_mutex_unlock (&ecb_mf_lock); } while (0)
    #endif
  #endif
  
  #if !defined ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE && defined ECB_MEMORY_FENCE
    #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE ECB_MEMORY_FENCE
  #endif
  
  #if !defined ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE && defined ECB_MEMORY_FENCE
    #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE ECB_MEMORY_FENCE
  #endif
  
  #if !defined ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELAXED && defined ECB_MEMORY_FENCE
    #define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELAXED ECB_MEMORY_FENCE /* very heavy-handed */
  #endif
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  #if ECB_CPP
    #define ecb_inline static inline
  #elif ECB_GCC_VERSION(2,5)
    #define ecb_inline static __inline__
  #elif ECB_C99
    #define ecb_inline static inline
  #else
    #define ecb_inline static
  #endif
  
  #if ECB_GCC_VERSION(3,3)
    #define ecb_restrict __restrict__
  #elif ECB_C99
    #define ecb_restrict restrict
  #else
    #define ecb_restrict
  #endif
  
  typedef int ecb_bool;
  
  #define ECB_CONCAT_(a, b) a ## b
  #define ECB_CONCAT(a, b) ECB_CONCAT_(a, b)
  #define ECB_STRINGIFY_(a) # a
  #define ECB_STRINGIFY(a) ECB_STRINGIFY_(a)
  #define ECB_STRINGIFY_EXPR(expr) ((expr), ECB_STRINGIFY_ (expr))
  
  #define ecb_function_ ecb_inline
  
  #if ECB_GCC_VERSION(3,1) || ECB_CLANG_VERSION(2,8)
    #define ecb_attribute(attrlist)        __attribute__ (attrlist)
  #else
    #define ecb_attribute(attrlist)
  #endif
  
  #if ECB_GCC_VERSION(3,1) || ECB_CLANG_BUILTIN(__builtin_constant_p)
    #define ecb_is_constant(expr)          __builtin_constant_p (expr)
  #else
    /* possible C11 impl for integral types
    typedef struct ecb_is_constant_struct ecb_is_constant_struct;
    #define ecb_is_constant(expr)          _Generic ((1 ? (struct ecb_is_constant_struct *)0 : (void *)((expr) - (expr)), ecb_is_constant_struct *: 0, default: 1)) */
  
    #define ecb_is_constant(expr)          0
  #endif
  
  #if ECB_GCC_VERSION(3,1) || ECB_CLANG_BUILTIN(__builtin_expect)
    #define ecb_expect(expr,value)         __builtin_expect ((expr),(value))
  #else
    #define ecb_expect(expr,value)         (expr)
  #endif
  
  #if ECB_GCC_VERSION(3,1) || ECB_CLANG_BUILTIN(__builtin_prefetch)
    #define ecb_prefetch(addr,rw,locality) __builtin_prefetch (addr, rw, locality)
  #else
    #define ecb_prefetch(addr,rw,locality)
  #endif
  
  /* no emulation for ecb_decltype */
  #if ECB_CPP11
    // older implementations might have problems with decltype(x)::type, work around it
    template<class T> struct ecb_decltype_t { typedef T type; };
    #define ecb_decltype(x) ecb_decltype_t<decltype (x)>::type
  #elif ECB_GCC_VERSION(3,0) || ECB_CLANG_VERSION(2,8)
    #define ecb_decltype(x) __typeof__ (x)
  #endif
  
  #if _MSC_VER >= 1300
    #define ecb_deprecated __declspec (deprecated)
  #else
    #define ecb_deprecated ecb_attribute ((__deprecated__))
  #endif
  
  #if _MSC_VER >= 1500
    #define ecb_deprecated_message(msg) __declspec (deprecated (msg))
  #elif ECB_GCC_VERSION(4,5)
    #define ecb_deprecated_message(msg) ecb_attribute ((__deprecated__ (msg))
  #else
    #define ecb_deprecated_message(msg) ecb_deprecated
  #endif
  
  #if _MSC_VER >= 1400
    #define ecb_noinline __declspec (noinline)
  #else
    #define ecb_noinline ecb_attribute ((__noinline__))
  #endif
  
  #define ecb_unused     ecb_attribute ((__unused__))
  #define ecb_const      ecb_attribute ((__const__))
  #define ecb_pure       ecb_attribute ((__pure__))
  
  #if ECB_C11 || __IBMC_NORETURN
    /* http://www-01.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/SSGH3R_13.1.0/com.ibm.xlcpp131.aix.doc/language_ref/noreturn.html */
    #define ecb_noreturn   _Noreturn
  #elif ECB_CPP11
    #define ecb_noreturn   [[noreturn]]
  #elif _MSC_VER >= 1200
    /* http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/k6ktzx3s.aspx */
    #define ecb_noreturn   __declspec (noreturn)
  #else
    #define ecb_noreturn   ecb_attribute ((__noreturn__))
  #endif
  
  #if ECB_GCC_VERSION(4,3)
    #define ecb_artificial ecb_attribute ((__artificial__))
    #define ecb_hot        ecb_attribute ((__hot__))
    #define ecb_cold       ecb_attribute ((__cold__))
  #else
    #define ecb_artificial
    #define ecb_hot
    #define ecb_cold
  #endif
  
  /* put around conditional expressions if you are very sure that the  */
  /* expression is mostly true or mostly false. note that these return */
  /* booleans, not the expression.                                     */
  #define ecb_expect_false(expr) ecb_expect (!!(expr), 0)
  #define ecb_expect_true(expr)  ecb_expect (!!(expr), 1)
  /* for compatibility to the rest of the world */
  #define ecb_likely(expr)   ecb_expect_true  (expr)
  #define ecb_unlikely(expr) ecb_expect_false (expr)
  
  /* count trailing zero bits and count # of one bits */
  #if ECB_GCC_VERSION(3,4) \
      || (ECB_CLANG_BUILTIN(__builtin_clz) && ECB_CLANG_BUILTIN(__builtin_clzll) \
          && ECB_CLANG_BUILTIN(__builtin_ctz) && ECB_CLANG_BUILTIN(__builtin_ctzll) \
          && ECB_CLANG_BUILTIN(__builtin_popcount))
    /* we assume int == 32 bit, long == 32 or 64 bit and long long == 64 bit */
    #define ecb_ld32(x)      (__builtin_clz      (x) ^ 31)
    #define ecb_ld64(x)      (__builtin_clzll    (x) ^ 63)
    #define ecb_ctz32(x)      __builtin_ctz      (x)
    #define ecb_ctz64(x)      __builtin_ctzll    (x)
    #define ecb_popcount32(x) __builtin_popcount (x)
    /* no popcountll */
  #else
    ecb_function_ ecb_const int ecb_ctz32 (uint32_t x);
    ecb_function_ ecb_const int
    ecb_ctz32 (uint32_t x)
    {
  #if 1400 <= _MSC_VER && (_M_IX86 || _M_X64 || _M_IA64 || _M_ARM)
      unsigned long r;
      _BitScanForward (&r, x);
      return (int)r;
  #else
      int r = 0;
  
      x &= ~x + 1; /* this isolates the lowest bit */
  
  #if ECB_branchless_on_i386
      r += !!(x & 0xaaaaaaaa) << 0;
      r += !!(x & 0xcccccccc) << 1;
      r += !!(x & 0xf0f0f0f0) << 2;
      r += !!(x & 0xff00ff00) << 3;
      r += !!(x & 0xffff0000) << 4;
  #else
      if (x & 0xaaaaaaaa) r +=  1;
      if (x & 0xcccccccc) r +=  2;
      if (x & 0xf0f0f0f0) r +=  4;
      if (x & 0xff00ff00) r +=  8;
      if (x & 0xffff0000) r += 16;
  #endif
  
      return r;
  #endif
    }
  
    ecb_function_ ecb_const int ecb_ctz64 (uint64_t x);
    ecb_function_ ecb_const int
    ecb_ctz64 (uint64_t x)
    {
  #if 1400 <= _MSC_VER && (_M_X64 || _M_IA64 || _M_ARM)
      unsigned long r;
      _BitScanForward64 (&r, x);
      return (int)r;
  #else
      int shift = x & 0xffffffff ? 0 : 32;
      return ecb_ctz32 (x >> shift) + shift;
  #endif
    }
  
    ecb_function_ ecb_const int ecb_popcount32 (uint32_t x);
    ecb_function_ ecb_const int
    ecb_popcount32 (uint32_t x)
    {
      x -=  (x >> 1) & 0x55555555;
      x  = ((x >> 2) & 0x33333333) + (x & 0x33333333);
      x  = ((x >> 4) + x) & 0x0f0f0f0f;
      x *= 0x01010101;
  
      return x >> 24;
    }
  
    ecb_function_ ecb_const int ecb_ld32 (uint32_t x);
    ecb_function_ ecb_const int ecb_ld32 (uint32_t x)
    {
  #if 1400 <= _MSC_VER && (_M_IX86 || _M_X64 || _M_IA64 || _M_ARM)
      unsigned long r;
      _BitScanReverse (&r, x);
      return (int)r;
  #else
      int r = 0;
  
      if (x >> 16) { x >>= 16; r += 16; }
      if (x >>  8) { x >>=  8; r +=  8; }
      if (x >>  4) { x >>=  4; r +=  4; }
      if (x >>  2) { x >>=  2; r +=  2; }
      if (x >>  1) {           r +=  1; }
  
      return r;
  #endif
    }
  
    ecb_function_ ecb_const int ecb_ld64 (uint64_t x);
    ecb_function_ ecb_const int ecb_ld64 (uint64_t x)
    {
  #if 1400 <= _MSC_VER && (_M_X64 || _M_IA64 || _M_ARM)
      unsigned long r;
      _BitScanReverse64 (&r, x);
      return (int)r;
  #else
      int r = 0;
  
      if (x >> 32) { x >>= 32; r += 32; }
  
      return r + ecb_ld32 (x);
  #endif
    }
  #endif
  
  ecb_function_ ecb_const ecb_bool ecb_is_pot32 (uint32_t x);
  ecb_function_ ecb_const ecb_bool ecb_is_pot32 (uint32_t x) { return !(x & (x - 1)); }
  ecb_function_ ecb_const ecb_bool ecb_is_pot64 (uint64_t x);
  ecb_function_ ecb_const ecb_bool ecb_is_pot64 (uint64_t x) { return !(x & (x - 1)); }
  
  ecb_function_ ecb_const uint8_t  ecb_bitrev8  (uint8_t  x);
  ecb_function_ ecb_const uint8_t  ecb_bitrev8  (uint8_t  x)
  {
    return (  (x * 0x0802U & 0x22110U)
            | (x * 0x8020U & 0x88440U)) * 0x10101U >> 16;
  }
  
  ecb_function_ ecb_const uint16_t ecb_bitrev16 (uint16_t x);
  ecb_function_ ecb_const uint16_t ecb_bitrev16 (uint16_t x)
  {
    x = ((x >>  1) &     0x5555) | ((x &     0x5555) <<  1);
    x = ((x >>  2) &     0x3333) | ((x &     0x3333) <<  2);
    x = ((x >>  4) &     0x0f0f) | ((x &     0x0f0f) <<  4);
    x = ( x >>  8              ) | ( x               <<  8);
  
    return x;
  }
  
  ecb_function_ ecb_const uint32_t ecb_bitrev32 (uint32_t x);
  ecb_function_ ecb_const uint32_t ecb_bitrev32 (uint32_t x)
  {
    x = ((x >>  1) & 0x55555555) | ((x & 0x55555555) <<  1);
    x = ((x >>  2) & 0x33333333) | ((x & 0x33333333) <<  2);
    x = ((x >>  4) & 0x0f0f0f0f) | ((x & 0x0f0f0f0f) <<  4);
    x = ((x >>  8) & 0x00ff00ff) | ((x & 0x00ff00ff) <<  8);
    x = ( x >> 16              ) | ( x               << 16);
  
    return x;
  }
  
  /* popcount64 is only available on 64 bit cpus as gcc builtin */
  /* so for this version we are lazy */
  ecb_function_ ecb_const int ecb_popcount64 (uint64_t x);
  ecb_function_ ecb_const int
  ecb_popcount64 (uint64_t x)
  {
    return ecb_popcount32 (x) + ecb_popcount32 (x >> 32);
  }
  
  ecb_inline ecb_const uint8_t  ecb_rotl8  (uint8_t  x, unsigned int count);
  ecb_inline ecb_const uint8_t  ecb_rotr8  (uint8_t  x, unsigned int count);
  ecb_inline ecb_const uint16_t ecb_rotl16 (uint16_t x, unsigned int count);
  ecb_inline ecb_const uint16_t ecb_rotr16 (uint16_t x, unsigned int count);
  ecb_inline ecb_const uint32_t ecb_rotl32 (uint32_t x, unsigned int count);
  ecb_inline ecb_const uint32_t ecb_rotr32 (uint32_t x, unsigned int count);
  ecb_inline ecb_const uint64_t ecb_rotl64 (uint64_t x, unsigned int count);
  ecb_inline ecb_const uint64_t ecb_rotr64 (uint64_t x, unsigned int count);
  
  ecb_inline ecb_const uint8_t  ecb_rotl8  (uint8_t  x, unsigned int count) { return (x >> ( 8 - count)) | (x << count); }
  ecb_inline ecb_const uint8_t  ecb_rotr8  (uint8_t  x, unsigned int count) { return (x << ( 8 - count)) | (x >> count); }
  ecb_inline ecb_const uint16_t ecb_rotl16 (uint16_t x, unsigned int count) { return (x >> (16 - count)) | (x << count); }
  ecb_inline ecb_const uint16_t ecb_rotr16 (uint16_t x, unsigned int count) { return (x << (16 - count)) | (x >> count); }
  ecb_inline ecb_const uint32_t ecb_rotl32 (uint32_t x, unsigned int count) { return (x >> (32 - count)) | (x << count); }
  ecb_inline ecb_const uint32_t ecb_rotr32 (uint32_t x, unsigned int count) { return (x << (32 - count)) | (x >> count); }
  ecb_inline ecb_const uint64_t ecb_rotl64 (uint64_t x, unsigned int count) { return (x >> (64 - count)) | (x << count); }
  ecb_inline ecb_const uint64_t ecb_rotr64 (uint64_t x, unsigned int count) { return (x << (64 - count)) | (x >> count); }
  
  #if ECB_CPP
  
  inline uint8_t  ecb_ctz (uint8_t  v) { return ecb_ctz32 (v); }
  inline uint16_t ecb_ctz (uint16_t v) { return ecb_ctz32 (v); }
  inline uint32_t ecb_ctz (uint32_t v) { return ecb_ctz32 (v); }
  inline uint64_t ecb_ctz (uint64_t v) { return ecb_ctz64 (v); }
  
  inline bool ecb_is_pot (uint8_t  v) { return ecb_is_pot32 (v); }
  inline bool ecb_is_pot (uint16_t v) { return ecb_is_pot32 (v); }
  inline bool ecb_is_pot (uint32_t v) { return ecb_is_pot32 (v); }
  inline bool ecb_is_pot (uint64_t v) { return ecb_is_pot64 (v); }
  
  inline int ecb_ld (uint8_t  v) { return ecb_ld32 (v); }
  inline int ecb_ld (uint16_t v) { return ecb_ld32 (v); }
  inline int ecb_ld (uint32_t v) { return ecb_ld32 (v); }
  inline int ecb_ld (uint64_t v) { return ecb_ld64 (v); }
  
  inline int ecb_popcount (uint8_t  v) { return ecb_popcount32 (v); }
  inline int ecb_popcount (uint16_t v) { return ecb_popcount32 (v); }
  inline int ecb_popcount (uint32_t v) { return ecb_popcount32 (v); }
  inline int ecb_popcount (uint64_t v) { return ecb_popcount64 (v); }
  
  inline uint8_t  ecb_bitrev (uint8_t  v) { return ecb_bitrev8  (v); }
  inline uint16_t ecb_bitrev (uint16_t v) { return ecb_bitrev16 (v); }
  inline uint32_t ecb_bitrev (uint32_t v) { return ecb_bitrev32 (v); }
  
  inline uint8_t  ecb_rotl (uint8_t  v, unsigned int count) { return ecb_rotl8  (v, count); }
  inline uint16_t ecb_rotl (uint16_t v, unsigned int count) { return ecb_rotl16 (v, count); }
  inline uint32_t ecb_rotl (uint32_t v, unsigned int count) { return ecb_rotl32 (v, count); }
  inline uint64_t ecb_rotl (uint64_t v, unsigned int count) { return ecb_rotl64 (v, count); }
  
  inline uint8_t  ecb_rotr (uint8_t  v, unsigned int count) { return ecb_rotr8  (v, count); }
  inline uint16_t ecb_rotr (uint16_t v, unsigned int count) { return ecb_rotr16 (v, count); }
  inline uint32_t ecb_rotr (uint32_t v, unsigned int count) { return ecb_rotr32 (v, count); }
  inline uint64_t ecb_rotr (uint64_t v, unsigned int count) { return ecb_rotr64 (v, count); }
  
  #endif
  
  #if ECB_GCC_VERSION(4,3) || (ECB_CLANG_BUILTIN(__builtin_bswap32) && ECB_CLANG_BUILTIN(__builtin_bswap64))
    #if ECB_GCC_VERSION(4,8) || ECB_CLANG_BUILTIN(__builtin_bswap16)
    #define ecb_bswap16(x)  __builtin_bswap16 (x)
    #else
    #define ecb_bswap16(x) (__builtin_bswap32 (x) >> 16)
    #endif
    #define ecb_bswap32(x)  __builtin_bswap32 (x)
    #define ecb_bswap64(x)  __builtin_bswap64 (x)
  #elif _MSC_VER
    #include <stdlib.h>
    #define ecb_bswap16(x) ((uint16_t)_byteswap_ushort ((uint16_t)(x)))
    #define ecb_bswap32(x) ((uint32_t)_byteswap_ulong  ((uint32_t)(x)))
    #define ecb_bswap64(x) ((uint64_t)_byteswap_uint64 ((uint64_t)(x)))
  #else
    ecb_function_ ecb_const uint16_t ecb_bswap16 (uint16_t x);
    ecb_function_ ecb_const uint16_t
    ecb_bswap16 (uint16_t x)
    {
      return ecb_rotl16 (x, 8);
    }
  
    ecb_function_ ecb_const uint32_t ecb_bswap32 (uint32_t x);
    ecb_function_ ecb_const uint32_t
    ecb_bswap32 (uint32_t x)
    {
      return (((uint32_t)ecb_bswap16 (x)) << 16) | ecb_bswap16 (x >> 16);
    }
  
    ecb_function_ ecb_const uint64_t ecb_bswap64 (uint64_t x);
    ecb_function_ ecb_const uint64_t
    ecb_bswap64 (uint64_t x)
    {
      return (((uint64_t)ecb_bswap32 (x)) << 32) | ecb_bswap32 (x >> 32);
    }
  #endif
  
  #if ECB_GCC_VERSION(4,5) || ECB_CLANG_BUILTIN(__builtin_unreachable)
    #define ecb_unreachable() __builtin_unreachable ()
  #else
    /* this seems to work fine, but gcc always emits a warning for it :/ */
    ecb_inline ecb_noreturn void ecb_unreachable (void);
    ecb_inline ecb_noreturn void ecb_unreachable (void) { }
  #endif
  
  /* try to tell the compiler that some condition is definitely true */
  #define ecb_assume(cond) if (!(cond)) ecb_unreachable (); else 0
  
  ecb_inline ecb_const uint32_t ecb_byteorder_helper (void);
  ecb_inline ecb_const uint32_t
  ecb_byteorder_helper (void)
  {
    /* the union code still generates code under pressure in gcc, */
    /* but less than using pointers, and always seems to */
    /* successfully return a constant. */
    /* the reason why we have this horrible preprocessor mess */
    /* is to avoid it in all cases, at least on common architectures */
    /* or when using a recent enough gcc version (>= 4.6) */
  #if (defined __BYTE_ORDER__ && __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__) \
      || ((__i386 || __i386__ || _M_IX86 || ECB_GCC_AMD64 || ECB_MSVC_AMD64) && !__VOS__)
    #define ECB_LITTLE_ENDIAN 1
    return 0x44332211;
  #elif (defined __BYTE_ORDER__ && __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__) \
        || ((__AARCH64EB__ || __MIPSEB__ || __ARMEB__) && !__VOS__)
    #define ECB_BIG_ENDIAN 1
    return 0x11223344;
  #else
    union
    {
      uint8_t c[4];
      uint32_t u;
    } u = { 0x11, 0x22, 0x33, 0x44 };
    return u.u;
  #endif
  }
  
  ecb_inline ecb_const ecb_bool ecb_big_endian    (void);
  ecb_inline ecb_const ecb_bool ecb_big_endian    (void) { return ecb_byteorder_helper () == 0x11223344; }
  ecb_inline ecb_const ecb_bool ecb_little_endian (void);
  ecb_inline ecb_const ecb_bool ecb_little_endian (void) { return ecb_byteorder_helper () == 0x44332211; }
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  /* unaligned load/store */
  
  ecb_inline uint_fast16_t ecb_be_u16_to_host (uint_fast16_t v) { return ecb_little_endian () ? ecb_bswap16 (v) : v; }
  ecb_inline uint_fast32_t ecb_be_u32_to_host (uint_fast32_t v) { return ecb_little_endian () ? ecb_bswap32 (v) : v; }
  ecb_inline uint_fast64_t ecb_be_u64_to_host (uint_fast64_t v) { return ecb_little_endian () ? ecb_bswap64 (v) : v; }
  
  ecb_inline uint_fast16_t ecb_le_u16_to_host (uint_fast16_t v) { return ecb_big_endian    () ? ecb_bswap16 (v) : v; }
  ecb_inline uint_fast32_t ecb_le_u32_to_host (uint_fast32_t v) { return ecb_big_endian    () ? ecb_bswap32 (v) : v; }
  ecb_inline uint_fast64_t ecb_le_u64_to_host (uint_fast64_t v) { return ecb_big_endian    () ? ecb_bswap64 (v) : v; }
  
  ecb_inline uint_fast16_t ecb_peek_u16_u (const void *ptr) { uint16_t v; memcpy (&v, ptr, sizeof (v)); return v; }
  ecb_inline uint_fast32_t ecb_peek_u32_u (const void *ptr) { uint32_t v; memcpy (&v, ptr, sizeof (v)); return v; }
  ecb_inline uint_fast64_t ecb_peek_u64_u (const void *ptr) { uint64_t v; memcpy (&v, ptr, sizeof (v)); return v; }
  
  ecb_inline uint_fast16_t ecb_peek_be_u16_u (const void *ptr) { return ecb_be_u16_to_host (ecb_peek_u16_u (ptr)); }
  ecb_inline uint_fast32_t ecb_peek_be_u32_u (const void *ptr) { return ecb_be_u32_to_host (ecb_peek_u32_u (ptr)); }
  ecb_inline uint_fast64_t ecb_peek_be_u64_u (const void *ptr) { return ecb_be_u64_to_host (ecb_peek_u64_u (ptr)); }
  
  ecb_inline uint_fast16_t ecb_peek_le_u16_u (const void *ptr) { return ecb_le_u16_to_host (ecb_peek_u16_u (ptr)); }
  ecb_inline uint_fast32_t ecb_peek_le_u32_u (const void *ptr) { return ecb_le_u32_to_host (ecb_peek_u32_u (ptr)); }
  ecb_inline uint_fast64_t ecb_peek_le_u64_u (const void *ptr) { return ecb_le_u64_to_host (ecb_peek_u64_u (ptr)); }
  
  ecb_inline uint_fast16_t ecb_host_to_be_u16 (uint_fast16_t v) { return ecb_little_endian () ? ecb_bswap16 (v) : v; }
  ecb_inline uint_fast32_t ecb_host_to_be_u32 (uint_fast32_t v) { return ecb_little_endian () ? ecb_bswap32 (v) : v; }
  ecb_inline uint_fast64_t ecb_host_to_be_u64 (uint_fast64_t v) { return ecb_little_endian () ? ecb_bswap64 (v) : v; }
  
  ecb_inline uint_fast16_t ecb_host_to_le_u16 (uint_fast16_t v) { return ecb_big_endian    () ? ecb_bswap16 (v) : v; }
  ecb_inline uint_fast32_t ecb_host_to_le_u32 (uint_fast32_t v) { return ecb_big_endian    () ? ecb_bswap32 (v) : v; }
  ecb_inline uint_fast64_t ecb_host_to_le_u64 (uint_fast64_t v) { return ecb_big_endian    () ? ecb_bswap64 (v) : v; }
  
  ecb_inline void ecb_poke_u16_u (void *ptr, uint16_t v) { memcpy (ptr, &v, sizeof (v)); }
  ecb_inline void ecb_poke_u32_u (void *ptr, uint32_t v) { memcpy (ptr, &v, sizeof (v)); }
  ecb_inline void ecb_poke_u64_u (void *ptr, uint64_t v) { memcpy (ptr, &v, sizeof (v)); }
  
  ecb_inline void ecb_poke_be_u16_u (void *ptr, uint_fast16_t v) { ecb_poke_u16_u (ptr, ecb_host_to_be_u16 (v)); }
  ecb_inline void ecb_poke_be_u32_u (void *ptr, uint_fast32_t v) { ecb_poke_u32_u (ptr, ecb_host_to_be_u32 (v)); }
  ecb_inline void ecb_poke_be_u64_u (void *ptr, uint_fast64_t v) { ecb_poke_u64_u (ptr, ecb_host_to_be_u64 (v)); }
  
  ecb_inline void ecb_poke_le_u16_u (void *ptr, uint_fast16_t v) { ecb_poke_u16_u (ptr, ecb_host_to_le_u16 (v)); }
  ecb_inline void ecb_poke_le_u32_u (void *ptr, uint_fast32_t v) { ecb_poke_u32_u (ptr, ecb_host_to_le_u32 (v)); }
  ecb_inline void ecb_poke_le_u64_u (void *ptr, uint_fast64_t v) { ecb_poke_u64_u (ptr, ecb_host_to_le_u64 (v)); }
  
  #if ECB_CPP
  
  inline uint8_t  ecb_bswap (uint8_t  v) { return v; }
  inline uint16_t ecb_bswap (uint16_t v) { return ecb_bswap16 (v); }
  inline uint32_t ecb_bswap (uint32_t v) { return ecb_bswap32 (v); }
  inline uint64_t ecb_bswap (uint64_t v) { return ecb_bswap64 (v); }
  
  template<typename T> inline T ecb_be_to_host (T v) { return ecb_little_endian () ? ecb_bswap (v) : v; }
  template<typename T> inline T ecb_le_to_host (T v) { return ecb_big_endian    () ? ecb_bswap (v) : v; }
  template<typename T> inline T ecb_peek       (const void *ptr) { return *(const T *)ptr; }
  template<typename T> inline T ecb_peek_be    (const void *ptr) { return ecb_be_to_host (ecb_peek  <T> (ptr)); }
  template<typename T> inline T ecb_peek_le    (const void *ptr) { return ecb_le_to_host (ecb_peek  <T> (ptr)); }
  template<typename T> inline T ecb_peek_u     (const void *ptr) { T v; memcpy (&v, ptr, sizeof (v)); return v; }
  template<typename T> inline T ecb_peek_be_u  (const void *ptr) { return ecb_be_to_host (ecb_peek_u<T> (ptr)); }
  template<typename T> inline T ecb_peek_le_u  (const void *ptr) { return ecb_le_to_host (ecb_peek_u<T> (ptr)); }
  
  template<typename T> inline T ecb_host_to_be (T v) { return ecb_little_endian () ? ecb_bswap (v) : v; }
  template<typename T> inline T ecb_host_to_le (T v) { return ecb_big_endian    () ? ecb_bswap (v) : v; }
  template<typename T> inline void ecb_poke      (void *ptr, T v) { *(T *)ptr = v; }
  template<typename T> inline void ecb_poke_be   (void *ptr, T v) { return ecb_poke  <T> (ptr, ecb_host_to_be (v)); }
  template<typename T> inline void ecb_poke_le   (void *ptr, T v) { return ecb_poke  <T> (ptr, ecb_host_to_le (v)); }
  template<typename T> inline void ecb_poke_u    (void *ptr, T v) { memcpy (ptr, &v, sizeof (v)); }
  template<typename T> inline void ecb_poke_be_u (void *ptr, T v) { return ecb_poke_u<T> (ptr, ecb_host_to_be (v)); }
  template<typename T> inline void ecb_poke_le_u (void *ptr, T v) { return ecb_poke_u<T> (ptr, ecb_host_to_le (v)); }
  
  #endif
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  #if ECB_GCC_VERSION(3,0) || ECB_C99
    #define ecb_mod(m,n) ((m) % (n) + ((m) % (n) < 0 ? (n) : 0))
  #else
    #define ecb_mod(m,n) ((m) < 0 ? ((n) - 1 - ((-1 - (m)) % (n))) : ((m) % (n)))
  #endif
  
  #if ECB_CPP
    template<typename T>
    static inline T ecb_div_rd (T val, T div)
    {
      return val < 0 ? - ((-val + div - 1) / div) : (val          ) / div;
    }
    template<typename T>
    static inline T ecb_div_ru (T val, T div)
    {
      return val < 0 ? - ((-val          ) / div) : (val + div - 1) / div;
    }
  #else
    #define ecb_div_rd(val,div) ((val) < 0 ? - ((-(val) + (div) - 1) / (div)) : ((val)            ) / (div))
    #define ecb_div_ru(val,div) ((val) < 0 ? - ((-(val)            ) / (div)) : ((val) + (div) - 1) / (div))
  #endif
  
  #if ecb_cplusplus_does_not_suck
    /* does not work for local types (http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2657.htm) */
    template<typename T, int N>
    static inline int ecb_array_length (const T (&arr)[N])
    {
      return N;
    }
  #else
    #define ecb_array_length(name) (sizeof (name) / sizeof (name [0]))
  #endif
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  ecb_function_ ecb_const uint32_t ecb_binary16_to_binary32 (uint32_t x);
  ecb_function_ ecb_const uint32_t
  ecb_binary16_to_binary32 (uint32_t x)
  {
    unsigned int s = (x & 0x8000) << (31 - 15);
    int          e = (x >> 10) & 0x001f;
    unsigned int m =  x        & 0x03ff;
  
    if (ecb_expect_false (e == 31))
      /* infinity or NaN */
      e = 255 - (127 - 15);
    else if (ecb_expect_false (!e))
      {
        if (ecb_expect_true (!m))
          /* zero, handled by code below by forcing e to 0 */
          e = 0 - (127 - 15);
        else
          {
            /* subnormal, renormalise */
            unsigned int s = 10 - ecb_ld32 (m);
  
            m = (m << s) & 0x3ff; /* mask implicit bit */
            e -= s - 1;
          }
      }
  
    /* e and m now are normalised, or zero, (or inf or nan) */
    e += 127 - 15;
  
    return s | (e << 23) | (m << (23 - 10));
  }
  
  ecb_function_ ecb_const uint16_t ecb_binary32_to_binary16 (uint32_t x);
  ecb_function_ ecb_const uint16_t
  ecb_binary32_to_binary16 (uint32_t x)
  {
    unsigned int s =  (x >> 16) & 0x00008000; /* sign bit, the easy part */
    unsigned int e = ((x >> 23) & 0x000000ff) - (127 - 15); /* the desired exponent */
    unsigned int m =   x        & 0x007fffff;
  
    x &= 0x7fffffff;
  
    /* if it's within range of binary16 normals, use fast path */
    if (ecb_expect_true (0x38800000 <= x && x <= 0x477fefff))
      {
        /* mantissa round-to-even */
        m += 0x00000fff + ((m >> (23 - 10)) & 1);
  
        /* handle overflow */
        if (ecb_expect_false (m >= 0x00800000))
          {
            m >>= 1;
            e +=  1;
          }
  
        return s | (e << 10) | (m >> (23 - 10));
      }
  
    /* handle large numbers and infinity */
    if (ecb_expect_true (0x477fefff < x && x <= 0x7f800000))
      return s | 0x7c00;
  
    /* handle zero, subnormals and small numbers */
    if (ecb_expect_true (x < 0x38800000))
      {
        /* zero */
        if (ecb_expect_true (!x))
          return s;
  
        /* handle subnormals */
  
        /* too small, will be zero */
        if (e < (14 - 24)) /* might not be sharp, but is good enough */
          return s;
  
        m |= 0x00800000; /* make implicit bit explicit */
  
        /* very tricky - we need to round to the nearest e (+10) bit value */
        {
          unsigned int bits = 14 - e;
          unsigned int half = (1 << (bits - 1)) - 1;
          unsigned int even = (m >> bits) & 1;
  
          /* if this overflows, we will end up with a normalised number */
          m = (m + half + even) >> bits;
        }
  
        return s | m;
      }
  
    /* handle NaNs, preserve leftmost nan bits, but make sure we don't turn them into infinities */
    m >>= 13;
  
    return s | 0x7c00 | m | !m;
  }
  
  /*******************************************************************************/
  /* floating point stuff, can be disabled by defining ECB_NO_LIBM */
  
  /* basically, everything uses "ieee pure-endian" floating point numbers */
  /* the only noteworthy exception is ancient armle, which uses order 43218765 */
  #if 0 \
      || __i386 || __i386__ \
      || ECB_GCC_AMD64 \
      || __powerpc__ || __ppc__ || __powerpc64__ || __ppc64__ \
      || defined __s390__ || defined __s390x__ \
      || defined __mips__ \
      || defined __alpha__ \
      || defined __hppa__ \
      || defined __ia64__ \
      || defined __m68k__ \
      || defined __m88k__ \
      || defined __sh__ \
      || defined _M_IX86 || defined ECB_MSVC_AMD64 || defined _M_IA64 \
      || (defined __arm__ && (defined __ARM_EABI__ || defined __EABI__ || defined __VFP_FP__ || defined _WIN32_WCE || defined __ANDROID__)) \
      || defined __aarch64__
    #define ECB_STDFP 1
  #else
    #define ECB_STDFP 0
  #endif
  
  #ifndef ECB_NO_LIBM
  
    #include <math.h> /* for frexp*, ldexp*, INFINITY, NAN */
  
    /* only the oldest of old doesn't have this one. solaris. */
    #ifdef INFINITY
      #define ECB_INFINITY INFINITY
    #else
      #define ECB_INFINITY HUGE_VAL
    #endif
  
    #ifdef NAN
      #define ECB_NAN NAN
    #else
      #define ECB_NAN ECB_INFINITY
    #endif
  
    #if ECB_C99 || _XOPEN_VERSION >= 600 || _POSIX_VERSION >= 200112L
      #define ecb_ldexpf(x,e) ldexpf ((x), (e))
      #define ecb_frexpf(x,e) frexpf ((x), (e))
    #else
      #define ecb_ldexpf(x,e) (float) ldexp ((double) (x), (e))
      #define ecb_frexpf(x,e) (float) frexp ((double) (x), (e))
    #endif
  
    /* convert a float to ieee single/binary32 */
    ecb_function_ ecb_const uint32_t ecb_float_to_binary32 (float x);
    ecb_function_ ecb_const uint32_t
    ecb_float_to_binary32 (float x)
    {
      uint32_t r;
  
      #if ECB_STDFP
        memcpy (&r, &x, 4);
      #else
        /* slow emulation, works for anything but -0 */
        uint32_t m;
        int e;
  
        if (x == 0e0f                    ) return 0x00000000U;
        if (x > +3.40282346638528860e+38f) return 0x7f800000U;
        if (x < -3.40282346638528860e+38f) return 0xff800000U;
        if (x != x                       ) return 0x7fbfffffU;
  
        m = ecb_frexpf (x, &e) * 0x1000000U;
  
        r = m & 0x80000000U;
  
        if (r)
          m = -m;
  
        if (e <= -126)
          {
            m &= 0xffffffU;
            m >>= (-125 - e);
            e = -126;
          }
  
        r |= (e + 126) << 23;
        r |= m & 0x7fffffU;
      #endif
  
      return r;
    }
  
    /* converts an ieee single/binary32 to a float */
    ecb_function_ ecb_const float ecb_binary32_to_float (uint32_t x);
    ecb_function_ ecb_const float
    ecb_binary32_to_float (uint32_t x)
    {
      float r;
  
      #if ECB_STDFP
        memcpy (&r, &x, 4);
      #else
        /* emulation, only works for normals and subnormals and +0 */
        int neg = x >> 31;
        int e = (x >> 23) & 0xffU;
  
        x &= 0x7fffffU;
  
        if (e)
          x |= 0x800000U;
        else
          e = 1;
  
        /* we distrust ldexpf a bit and do the 2**-24 scaling by an extra multiply */
        r = ecb_ldexpf (x * (0.5f / 0x800000U), e - 126);
  
        r = neg ? -r : r;
      #endif
  
      return r;
    }
  
    /* convert a double to ieee double/binary64 */
    ecb_function_ ecb_const uint64_t ecb_double_to_binary64 (double x);
    ecb_function_ ecb_const uint64_t
    ecb_double_to_binary64 (double x)
    {
      uint64_t r;
  
      #if ECB_STDFP
        memcpy (&r, &x, 8);
      #else
        /* slow emulation, works for anything but -0 */
        uint64_t m;
        int e;
  
        if (x == 0e0                     ) return 0x0000000000000000U;
        if (x > +1.79769313486231470e+308) return 0x7ff0000000000000U;
        if (x < -1.79769313486231470e+308) return 0xfff0000000000000U;
        if (x != x                       ) return 0X7ff7ffffffffffffU;
  
        m = frexp (x, &e) * 0x20000000000000U;
  
        r = m & 0x8000000000000000;;
  
        if (r)
          m = -m;
  
        if (e <= -1022)
          {
            m &= 0x1fffffffffffffU;
            m >>= (-1021 - e);
            e = -1022;
          }
  
        r |= ((uint64_t)(e + 1022)) << 52;
        r |= m & 0xfffffffffffffU;
      #endif
  
      return r;
    }
  
    /* converts an ieee double/binary64 to a double */
    ecb_function_ ecb_const double ecb_binary64_to_double (uint64_t x);
    ecb_function_ ecb_const double
    ecb_binary64_to_double (uint64_t x)
    {
      double r;
  
      #if ECB_STDFP
        memcpy (&r, &x, 8);
      #else
        /* emulation, only works for normals and subnormals and +0 */
        int neg = x >> 63;
        int e = (x >> 52) & 0x7ffU;
  
        x &= 0xfffffffffffffU;
  
        if (e)
          x |= 0x10000000000000U;
        else
          e = 1;
  
        /* we distrust ldexp a bit and do the 2**-53 scaling by an extra multiply */
        r = ldexp (x * (0.5 / 0x10000000000000U), e - 1022);
  
        r = neg ? -r : r;
      #endif
  
      return r;
    }
  
    /* convert a float to ieee half/binary16 */
    ecb_function_ ecb_const uint16_t ecb_float_to_binary16 (float x);
    ecb_function_ ecb_const uint16_t
    ecb_float_to_binary16 (float x)
    {
      return ecb_binary32_to_binary16 (ecb_float_to_binary32 (x));
    }
  
    /* convert an ieee half/binary16 to float */
    ecb_function_ ecb_const float ecb_binary16_to_float (uint16_t x);
    ecb_function_ ecb_const float
    ecb_binary16_to_float (uint16_t x)
    {
      return ecb_binary32_to_float (ecb_binary16_to_binary32 (x));
    }
  
  #endif
  
  #endif
  
  /* ECB.H END */
  
  #if ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_NEEDS_PTHREADS
  /* if your architecture doesn't need memory fences, e.g. because it is
   * single-cpu/core, or if you use libev in a project that doesn't use libev
   * from multiple threads, then you can define ECB_NO_THREADS when compiling
   * libev, in which cases the memory fences become nops.
   * alternatively, you can remove this #error and link against libpthread,
   * which will then provide the memory fences.
   */
  # error "memory fences not defined for your architecture, please report"
  #endif
  
  #ifndef ECB_MEMORY_FENCE
  # define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE do { } while (0)
  # define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE ECB_MEMORY_FENCE
  # define ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE ECB_MEMORY_FENCE
  #endif
  
  #define inline_size        ecb_inline
  
  #if EV_FEATURE_CODE
  # define inline_speed      ecb_inline
  #else
  # define inline_speed      ecb_noinline static
  #endif
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  /* raw syscall wrappers */
  
  #if EV_NEED_SYSCALL
  
  #include <sys/syscall.h>
  
  /*
   * define some syscall wrappers for common architectures
   * this is mostly for nice looks during debugging, not performance.
   * our syscalls return < 0, not == -1, on error. which is good
   * enough for linux aio.
   * TODO: arm is also common nowadays, maybe even mips and x86
   * TODO: after implementing this, it suddenly looks like overkill, but its hard to remove...
   */
  #if __GNUC__ && __linux && ECB_AMD64 && !EV_FEATURE_CODE
    /* the costly errno access probably kills this for size optimisation */
  
    #define ev_syscall(nr,narg,arg1,arg2,arg3,arg4,arg5,arg6)            \
      ({                                                                 \
          long res;                                                      \
          register unsigned long r6 __asm__ ("r9" );                     \
          register unsigned long r5 __asm__ ("r8" );                     \
          register unsigned long r4 __asm__ ("r10");                     \
          register unsigned long r3 __asm__ ("rdx");                     \
          register unsigned long r2 __asm__ ("rsi");                     \
          register unsigned long r1 __asm__ ("rdi");                     \
          if (narg >= 6) r6 = (unsigned long)(arg6);                     \
          if (narg >= 5) r5 = (unsigned long)(arg5);                     \
          if (narg >= 4) r4 = (unsigned long)(arg4);                     \
          if (narg >= 3) r3 = (unsigned long)(arg3);                     \
          if (narg >= 2) r2 = (unsigned long)(arg2);                     \
          if (narg >= 1) r1 = (unsigned long)(arg1);                     \
          __asm__ __volatile__ (                                         \
            "syscall\n\t"                                                \
            : "=a" (res)                                                 \
            : "0" (nr), "r" (r1), "r" (r2), "r" (r3), "r" (r4), "r" (r5) \
            : "cc", "r11", "cx", "memory");                              \
          errno = -res;                                                  \
          res;                                                           \
      })
  
  #endif
  
  #ifdef ev_syscall
    #define ev_syscall0(nr)                               ev_syscall (nr, 0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,   0)
    #define ev_syscall1(nr,arg1)                          ev_syscall (nr, 1, arg1,    0,    0,    0,    0,   0)
    #define ev_syscall2(nr,arg1,arg2)                     ev_syscall (nr, 2, arg1, arg2,    0,    0,    0,   0)
    #define ev_syscall3(nr,arg1,arg2,arg3)                ev_syscall (nr, 3, arg1, arg2, arg3,    0,    0,   0)
    #define ev_syscall4(nr,arg1,arg2,arg3,arg4)           ev_syscall (nr, 3, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4,    0,   0)
    #define ev_syscall5(nr,arg1,arg2,arg3,arg4,arg5)      ev_syscall (nr, 5, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5,   0)
    #define ev_syscall6(nr,arg1,arg2,arg3,arg4,arg5,arg6) ev_syscall (nr, 6, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5,arg6)
  #else
    #define ev_syscall0(nr)                               syscall (nr)
    #define ev_syscall1(nr,arg1)                          syscall (nr, arg1)
    #define ev_syscall2(nr,arg1,arg2)                     syscall (nr, arg1, arg2)
    #define ev_syscall3(nr,arg1,arg2,arg3)                syscall (nr, arg1, arg2, arg3)
    #define ev_syscall4(nr,arg1,arg2,arg3,arg4)           syscall (nr, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4)
    #define ev_syscall5(nr,arg1,arg2,arg3,arg4,arg5)      syscall (nr, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5)
    #define ev_syscall6(nr,arg1,arg2,arg3,arg4,arg5,arg6) syscall (nr, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5,arg6)
  #endif
  
  #endif
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  #define NUMPRI (EV_MAXPRI - EV_MINPRI + 1)
  
  #if EV_MINPRI == EV_MAXPRI
  # define ABSPRI(w) (((W)w), 0)
  #else
  # define ABSPRI(w) (((W)w)->priority - EV_MINPRI)
  #endif
  
  #define EMPTY /* required for microsofts broken pseudo-c compiler */
  
  typedef ev_watcher *W;
  typedef ev_watcher_list *WL;
  typedef ev_watcher_time *WT;
  
  #define ev_active(w) ((W)(w))->active
  #define ev_at(w) ((WT)(w))->at
  
  #if EV_USE_REALTIME
  /* sig_atomic_t is used to avoid per-thread variables or locking but still */
  /* giving it a reasonably high chance of working on typical architectures */
  static EV_ATOMIC_T have_realtime; /* did clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME) work? */
  #endif
  
  #if EV_USE_MONOTONIC
  static EV_ATOMIC_T have_monotonic; /* did clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC) work? */
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE
  # define EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE(fd) _get_osfhandle (fd)
  #endif
  #ifndef EV_WIN32_HANDLE_TO_FD
  # define EV_WIN32_HANDLE_TO_FD(handle) _open_osfhandle (handle, 0)
  #endif
  #ifndef EV_WIN32_CLOSE_FD
  # define EV_WIN32_CLOSE_FD(fd) close (fd)
  #endif
  
  #ifdef _WIN32
  # include "ev_win32.c"
  #endif
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  #if EV_USE_LINUXAIO
  # include <linux/aio_abi.h> /* probably only needed for aio_context_t */
  #endif
  
  /* define a suitable floor function (only used by periodics atm) */
  
  #if EV_USE_FLOOR
  # include <math.h>
  # define ev_floor(v) floor (v)
  #else
  
  #include <float.h>
  
  /* a floor() replacement function, should be independent of ev_tstamp type */
  ecb_noinline
  static ev_tstamp
  ev_floor (ev_tstamp v)
  {
    /* the choice of shift factor is not terribly important */
  #if FLT_RADIX != 2 /* assume FLT_RADIX == 10 */
    const ev_tstamp shift = sizeof (unsigned long) >= 8 ? 10000000000000000000. : 1000000000.;
  #else
    const ev_tstamp shift = sizeof (unsigned long) >= 8 ? 18446744073709551616. : 4294967296.;
  #endif
  
    /* special treatment for negative arguments */
    if (ecb_expect_false (v < 0.))
      {
        ev_tstamp f = -ev_floor (-v);
  
        return f - (f == v ? 0 : 1);
      }
  
    /* argument too large for an unsigned long? then reduce it */
    if (ecb_expect_false (v >= shift))
      {
        ev_tstamp f;
  
        if (v == v - 1.)
          return v; /* very large numbers are assumed to be integer */
  
        f = shift * ev_floor (v * (1. / shift));
        return f + ev_floor (v - f);
      }
  
    /* fits into an unsigned long */
    return (unsigned long)v;
  }
  
  #endif
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  #ifdef __linux
  # include <sys/utsname.h>
  #endif
  
  ecb_noinline ecb_cold
  static unsigned int
  ev_linux_version (void)
  {
  #ifdef __linux
    unsigned int v = 0;
    struct utsname buf;
    int i;
    char *p = buf.release;
  
    if (uname (&buf))
      return 0;
  
    for (i = 3+1; --i; )
      {
        unsigned int c = 0;
  
        for (;;)
          {
            if (*p >= '0' && *p <= '9')
              c = c * 10 + *p++ - '0';
            else
              {
                p += *p == '.';
                break;
              }
          }
  
        v = (v << 8) | c;
      }
  
    return v;
  #else
    return 0;
  #endif
  }
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  #if EV_AVOID_STDIO
  ecb_noinline ecb_cold
  static void
  ev_printerr (const char *msg)
  {
    write (STDERR_FILENO, msg, strlen (msg));
  }
  #endif
  
  static void (*syserr_cb)(const char *msg) EV_NOEXCEPT;
  
  ecb_cold
  void
  ev_set_syserr_cb (void (*cb)(const char *msg) EV_NOEXCEPT) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    syserr_cb = cb;
  }
  
  ecb_noinline ecb_cold
  static void
  ev_syserr (const char *msg)
  {
    if (!msg)
      msg = "(libev) system error";
  
    if (syserr_cb)
      syserr_cb (msg);
    else
      {
  #if EV_AVOID_STDIO
        ev_printerr (msg);
        ev_printerr (": ");
        ev_printerr (strerror (errno));
        ev_printerr ("\n");
  #else
        perror (msg);
  #endif
        abort ();
      }
  }
  
  static void *
  ev_realloc_emul (void *ptr, long size) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    /* some systems, notably openbsd and darwin, fail to properly
     * implement realloc (x, 0) (as required by both ansi c-89 and
     * the single unix specification, so work around them here.
     * recently, also (at least) fedora and debian started breaking it,
     * despite documenting it otherwise.
     */
  
    if (size)
      return realloc (ptr, size);
  
    free (ptr);
    return 0;
  }
  
  static void *(*alloc)(void *ptr, long size) EV_NOEXCEPT = ev_realloc_emul;
  
  ecb_cold
  void
  ev_set_allocator (void *(*cb)(void *ptr, long size) EV_NOEXCEPT) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    alloc = cb;
  }
  
  inline_speed void *
  ev_realloc (void *ptr, long size)
  {
    ptr = alloc (ptr, size);
  
    if (!ptr && size)
      {
  #if EV_AVOID_STDIO
        ev_printerr ("(libev) memory allocation failed, aborting.\n");
  #else
        fprintf (stderr, "(libev) cannot allocate %ld bytes, aborting.", size);
  #endif
        abort ();
      }
  
    return ptr;
  }
  
  #define ev_malloc(size) ev_realloc (0, (size))
  #define ev_free(ptr)    ev_realloc ((ptr), 0)
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  /* set in reify when reification needed */
  #define EV_ANFD_REIFY 1
  
  /* file descriptor info structure */
  typedef struct
  {
    WL head;
    unsigned char events; /* the events watched for */
    unsigned char reify;  /* flag set when this ANFD needs reification (EV_ANFD_REIFY, EV__IOFDSET) */
    unsigned char emask;  /* some backends store the actual kernel mask in here */
    unsigned char eflags; /* flags field for use by backends */
  #if EV_USE_EPOLL
    unsigned int egen;    /* generation counter to counter epoll bugs */
  #endif
  #if EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET || EV_USE_IOCP
    SOCKET handle;
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_IOCP
    OVERLAPPED or, ow;
  #endif
  } ANFD;
  
  /* stores the pending event set for a given watcher */
  typedef struct
  {
    W w;
    int events; /* the pending event set for the given watcher */
  } ANPENDING;
  
  #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
  /* hash table entry per inotify-id */
  typedef struct
  {
    WL head;
  } ANFS;
  #endif
  
  /* Heap Entry */
  #if EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT
    /* a heap element */
    typedef struct {
      ev_tstamp at;
      WT w;
    } ANHE;
  
    #define ANHE_w(he)        (he).w     /* access watcher, read-write */
    #define ANHE_at(he)       (he).at    /* access cached at, read-only */
    #define ANHE_at_cache(he) (he).at = (he).w->at /* update at from watcher */
  #else
    /* a heap element */
    typedef WT ANHE;
  
    #define ANHE_w(he)        (he)
    #define ANHE_at(he)       (he)->at
    #define ANHE_at_cache(he)
  #endif
  
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
  
    struct ev_loop
    {
      ev_tstamp ev_rt_now;
      #define ev_rt_now ((loop)->ev_rt_now)
      #define VAR(name,decl) decl;
        #include "ev_vars.h"
      #undef VAR
    };
    #include "ev_wrap.h"
  
    static struct ev_loop default_loop_struct;
    EV_API_DECL struct ev_loop *ev_default_loop_ptr = 0; /* needs to be initialised to make it a definition despite extern */
  
  #else
  
    EV_API_DECL ev_tstamp ev_rt_now = EV_TS_CONST (0.); /* needs to be initialised to make it a definition despite extern */
    #define VAR(name,decl) static decl;
      #include "ev_vars.h"
    #undef VAR
  
    static int ev_default_loop_ptr;
  
  #endif
  
  #if EV_FEATURE_API
  # define EV_RELEASE_CB if (ecb_expect_false (release_cb)) release_cb (EV_A)
  # define EV_ACQUIRE_CB if (ecb_expect_false (acquire_cb)) acquire_cb (EV_A)
  # define EV_INVOKE_PENDING invoke_cb (EV_A)
  #else
  # define EV_RELEASE_CB (void)0
  # define EV_ACQUIRE_CB (void)0
  # define EV_INVOKE_PENDING ev_invoke_pending (EV_A)
  #endif
  
  #define EVBREAK_RECURSE 0x80
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  #ifndef EV_HAVE_EV_TIME
  ev_tstamp
  ev_time (void) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
  #if EV_USE_REALTIME
    if (ecb_expect_true (have_realtime))
      {
        struct timespec ts;
        clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts);
        return EV_TS_GET (ts);
      }
  #endif
  
    {
      struct timeval tv;
      gettimeofday (&tv, 0);
      return EV_TV_GET (tv);
    }
  }
  #endif
  
  inline_size ev_tstamp
  get_clock (void)
  {
  #if EV_USE_MONOTONIC
    if (ecb_expect_true (have_monotonic))
      {
        struct timespec ts;
        clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts);
        return EV_TS_GET (ts);
      }
  #endif
  
    return ev_time ();
  }
  
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
  ev_tstamp
  ev_now (EV_P) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    return ev_rt_now;
  }
  #endif
  
  ev_tstamp
  ev_monotonic_now (EV_P) EV_THROW
  {
    return mn_now;
  }
  
  ev_tstamp
  ev_monotonic_time (void) EV_THROW
  {
    return get_clock();
  }
  
  void
  ev_sleep (ev_tstamp delay) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    if (delay > EV_TS_CONST (0.))
      {
  #if EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
        struct timespec ts;
  
        EV_TS_SET (ts, delay);
        nanosleep (&ts, 0);
  #elif defined _WIN32
        /* maybe this should round up, as ms is very low resolution */
        /* compared to select (µs) or nanosleep (ns) */
        Sleep ((unsigned long)(EV_TS_TO_MSEC (delay)));
  #else
        struct timeval tv;
  
        /* here we rely on sys/time.h + sys/types.h + unistd.h providing select */
        /* something not guaranteed by newer posix versions, but guaranteed */
        /* by older ones */
        EV_TV_SET (tv, delay);
        select (0, 0, 0, 0, &tv);
  #endif
      }
  }
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  #define MALLOC_ROUND 4096 /* prefer to allocate in chunks of this size, must be 2**n and >> 4 longs */
  
  /* find a suitable new size for the given array, */
  /* hopefully by rounding to a nice-to-malloc size */
  inline_size int
  array_nextsize (int elem, int cur, int cnt)
  {
    int ncur = cur + 1;
  
    do
      ncur <<= 1;
    while (cnt > ncur);
  
    /* if size is large, round to MALLOC_ROUND - 4 * longs to accommodate malloc overhead */
    if (elem * ncur > MALLOC_ROUND - sizeof (void *) * 4)
      {
        ncur *= elem;
        ncur = (ncur + elem + (MALLOC_ROUND - 1) + sizeof (void *) * 4) & ~(MALLOC_ROUND - 1);
        ncur = ncur - sizeof (void *) * 4;
        ncur /= elem;
      }
  
    return ncur;
  }
  
  ecb_noinline ecb_cold
  static void *
  array_realloc (int elem, void *base, int *cur, int cnt)
  {
    *cur = array_nextsize (elem, *cur, cnt);
    return ev_realloc (base, elem * *cur);
  }
  
  #define array_needsize_noinit(base,offset,count)
  
  #define array_needsize_zerofill(base,offset,count)	\
    memset ((void *)(base + offset), 0, sizeof (*(base)) * (count))
  
  #define array_needsize(type,base,cur,cnt,init)			\
    if (ecb_expect_false ((cnt) > (cur)))				\
      {								\
        ecb_unused int ocur_ = (cur);				\
        (base) = (type *)array_realloc				\
           (sizeof (type), (base), &(cur), (cnt));		\
        init ((base), ocur_, ((cur) - ocur_));			\
      }
  
  #if 0
  #define array_slim(type,stem)					\
    if (stem ## max < array_roundsize (stem ## cnt >> 2))		\
      {								\
        stem ## max = array_roundsize (stem ## cnt >> 1);		\
        base = (type *)ev_realloc (base, sizeof (type) * (stem ## max));\
        fprintf (stderr, "slimmed down " # stem " to %d\n", stem ## max);/*D*/\
      }
  #endif
  
  #define array_free(stem, idx) \
    ev_free (stem ## s idx); stem ## cnt idx = stem ## max idx = 0; stem ## s idx = 0
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  /* dummy callback for pending events */
  ecb_noinline
  static void
  pendingcb (EV_P_ ev_prepare *w, int revents)
  {
  }
  
  ecb_noinline
  void
  ev_feed_event (EV_P_ void *w, int revents) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    W w_ = (W)w;
    int pri = ABSPRI (w_);
  
    if (ecb_expect_false (w_->pending))
      pendings [pri][w_->pending - 1].events |= revents;
    else
      {
        w_->pending = ++pendingcnt [pri];
        array_needsize (ANPENDING, pendings [pri], pendingmax [pri], w_->pending, array_needsize_noinit);
        pendings [pri][w_->pending - 1].w      = w_;
        pendings [pri][w_->pending - 1].events = revents;
      }
  
    pendingpri = NUMPRI - 1;
  }
  
  inline_speed void
  feed_reverse (EV_P_ W w)
  {
    array_needsize (W, rfeeds, rfeedmax, rfeedcnt + 1, array_needsize_noinit);
    rfeeds [rfeedcnt++] = w;
  }
  
  inline_size void
  feed_reverse_done (EV_P_ int revents)
  {
    do
      ev_feed_event (EV_A_ rfeeds [--rfeedcnt], revents);
    while (rfeedcnt);
  }
  
  inline_speed void
  queue_events (EV_P_ W *events, int eventcnt, int type)
  {
    int i;
  
    for (i = 0; i < eventcnt; ++i)
      ev_feed_event (EV_A_ events [i], type);
  }
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  inline_speed void
  fd_event_nocheck (EV_P_ int fd, int revents)
  {
    ANFD *anfd = anfds + fd;
    ev_io *w;
  
    for (w = (ev_io *)anfd->head; w; w = (ev_io *)((WL)w)->next)
      {
        int ev = w->events & revents;
  
        if (ev)
          ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, ev);
      }
  }
  
  /* do not submit kernel events for fds that have reify set */
  /* because that means they changed while we were polling for new events */
  inline_speed void
  fd_event (EV_P_ int fd, int revents)
  {
    ANFD *anfd = anfds + fd;
  
    if (ecb_expect_true (!anfd->reify))
      fd_event_nocheck (EV_A_ fd, revents);
  }
  
  void
  ev_feed_fd_event (EV_P_ int fd, int revents) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    if (fd >= 0 && fd < anfdmax)
      fd_event_nocheck (EV_A_ fd, revents);
  }
  
  /* make sure the external fd watch events are in-sync */
  /* with the kernel/libev internal state */
  inline_size void
  fd_reify (EV_P)
  {
    int i;
  
    /* most backends do not modify the fdchanges list in backend_modfiy.
     * except io_uring, which has fixed-size buffers which might force us
     * to handle events in backend_modify, causing fdchanges to be amended,
     * which could result in an endless loop.
     * to avoid this, we do not dynamically handle fds that were added
     * during fd_reify. that means that for those backends, fdchangecnt
     * might be non-zero during poll, which must cause them to not block.
     * to not put too much of a burden on other backends, this detail
     * needs to be handled in the backend.
     */
    int changecnt = fdchangecnt;
  
  #if EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET || EV_USE_IOCP
    for (i = 0; i < changecnt; ++i)
      {
        int fd = fdchanges [i];
        ANFD *anfd = anfds + fd;
  
        if (anfd->reify & EV__IOFDSET && anfd->head)
          {
            SOCKET handle = EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE (fd);
  
            if (handle != anfd->handle)
              {
                unsigned long arg;
  
                assert (("libev: only socket fds supported in this configuration", ioctlsocket (handle, FIONREAD, &arg) == 0));
  
                /* handle changed, but fd didn't - we need to do it in two steps */
                backend_modify (EV_A_ fd, anfd->events, 0);
                anfd->events = 0;
                anfd->handle = handle;
              }
          }
      }
  #endif
  
    for (i = 0; i < changecnt; ++i)
      {
        int fd = fdchanges [i];
        ANFD *anfd = anfds + fd;
        ev_io *w;
  
        unsigned char o_events = anfd->events;
        unsigned char o_reify  = anfd->reify;
  
        anfd->reify = 0;
  
        /*if (ecb_expect_true (o_reify & EV_ANFD_REIFY)) probably a deoptimisation */
          {
            anfd->events = 0;
  
            for (w = (ev_io *)anfd->head; w; w = (ev_io *)((WL)w)->next)
              anfd->events |= (unsigned char)w->events;
  
            if (o_events != anfd->events)
              o_reify = EV__IOFDSET; /* actually |= */
          }
  
        if (o_reify & EV__IOFDSET)
          backend_modify (EV_A_ fd, o_events, anfd->events);
      }
  
    /* normally, fdchangecnt hasn't changed. if it has, then new fds have been added.
     * this is a rare case (see beginning comment in this function), so we copy them to the
     * front and hope the backend handles this case.
     */
    if (ecb_expect_false (fdchangecnt != changecnt))
      memmove (fdchanges, fdchanges + changecnt, (fdchangecnt - changecnt) * sizeof (*fdchanges));
  
    fdchangecnt -= changecnt;
  }
  
  /* something about the given fd changed */
  inline_size
  void
  fd_change (EV_P_ int fd, int flags)
  {
    unsigned char reify = anfds [fd].reify;
    anfds [fd].reify = reify | flags;
  
    if (ecb_expect_true (!reify))
      {
        ++fdchangecnt;
        array_needsize (int, fdchanges, fdchangemax, fdchangecnt, array_needsize_noinit);
        fdchanges [fdchangecnt - 1] = fd;
      }
  }
  
  /* the given fd is invalid/unusable, so make sure it doesn't hurt us anymore */
  inline_speed ecb_cold void
  fd_kill (EV_P_ int fd)
  {
    ev_io *w;
  
    while ((w = (ev_io *)anfds [fd].head))
      {
        ev_io_stop (EV_A_ w);
        ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_ERROR | EV_READ | EV_WRITE);
      }
  }
  
  /* check whether the given fd is actually valid, for error recovery */
  inline_size ecb_cold int
  fd_valid (int fd)
  {
  #ifdef _WIN32
    return EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE (fd) != -1;
  #else
    return fcntl (fd, F_GETFD) != -1;
  #endif
  }
  
  /* called on EBADF to verify fds */
  ecb_noinline ecb_cold
  static void
  fd_ebadf (EV_P)
  {
    int fd;
  
    for (fd = 0; fd < anfdmax; ++fd)
      if (anfds [fd].events)
        if (!fd_valid (fd) && errno == EBADF)
          fd_kill (EV_A_ fd);
  }
  
  /* called on ENOMEM in select/poll to kill some fds and retry */
  ecb_noinline ecb_cold
  static void
  fd_enomem (EV_P)
  {
    int fd;
  
    for (fd = anfdmax; fd--; )
      if (anfds [fd].events)
        {
          fd_kill (EV_A_ fd);
          break;
        }
  }
  
  /* usually called after fork if backend needs to re-arm all fds from scratch */
  ecb_noinline
  static void
  fd_rearm_all (EV_P)
  {
    int fd;
  
    for (fd = 0; fd < anfdmax; ++fd)
      if (anfds [fd].events)
        {
          anfds [fd].events = 0;
          anfds [fd].emask  = 0;
          fd_change (EV_A_ fd, EV__IOFDSET | EV_ANFD_REIFY);
        }
  }
  
  /* used to prepare libev internal fd's */
  /* this is not fork-safe */
  inline_speed void
  fd_intern (int fd)
  {
  #ifdef _WIN32
    unsigned long arg = 1;
    ioctlsocket (EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE (fd), FIONBIO, &arg);
  #else
    fcntl (fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
    fcntl (fd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK);
  #endif
  }
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  /*
   * the heap functions want a real array index. array index 0 is guaranteed to not
   * be in-use at any time. the first heap entry is at array [HEAP0]. DHEAP gives
   * the branching factor of the d-tree.
   */
  
  /*
   * at the moment we allow libev the luxury of two heaps,
   * a small-code-size 2-heap one and a ~1.5kb larger 4-heap
   * which is more cache-efficient.
   * the difference is about 5% with 50000+ watchers.
   */
  #if EV_USE_4HEAP
  
  #define DHEAP 4
  #define HEAP0 (DHEAP - 1) /* index of first element in heap */
  #define HPARENT(k) ((((k) - HEAP0 - 1) / DHEAP) + HEAP0)
  #define UPHEAP_DONE(p,k) ((p) == (k))
  
  /* away from the root */
  inline_speed void
  downheap (ANHE *heap, int N, int k)
  {
    ANHE he = heap [k];
    ANHE *E = heap + N + HEAP0;
  
    for (;;)
      {
        ev_tstamp minat;
        ANHE *minpos;
        ANHE *pos = heap + DHEAP * (k - HEAP0) + HEAP0 + 1;
  
        /* find minimum child */
        if (ecb_expect_true (pos + DHEAP - 1 < E))
          {
            /* fast path */                               (minpos = pos + 0), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
            if (               minat > ANHE_at (pos [1])) (minpos = pos + 1), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
            if (               minat > ANHE_at (pos [2])) (minpos = pos + 2), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
            if (               minat > ANHE_at (pos [3])) (minpos = pos + 3), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
          }
        else if (pos < E)
          {
            /* slow path */                               (minpos = pos + 0), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
            if (pos + 1 < E && minat > ANHE_at (pos [1])) (minpos = pos + 1), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
            if (pos + 2 < E && minat > ANHE_at (pos [2])) (minpos = pos + 2), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
            if (pos + 3 < E && minat > ANHE_at (pos [3])) (minpos = pos + 3), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
          }
        else
          break;
  
        if (ANHE_at (he) <= minat)
          break;
  
        heap [k] = *minpos;
        ev_active (ANHE_w (*minpos)) = k;
  
        k = minpos - heap;
      }
  
    heap [k] = he;
    ev_active (ANHE_w (he)) = k;
  }
  
  #else /* not 4HEAP */
  
  #define HEAP0 1
  #define HPARENT(k) ((k) >> 1)
  #define UPHEAP_DONE(p,k) (!(p))
  
  /* away from the root */
  inline_speed void
  downheap (ANHE *heap, int N, int k)
  {
    ANHE he = heap [k];
  
    for (;;)
      {
        int c = k << 1;
  
        if (c >= N + HEAP0)
          break;
  
        c += c + 1 < N + HEAP0 && ANHE_at (heap [c]) > ANHE_at (heap [c + 1])
             ? 1 : 0;
  
        if (ANHE_at (he) <= ANHE_at (heap [c]))
          break;
  
        heap [k] = heap [c];
        ev_active (ANHE_w (heap [k])) = k;
  
        k = c;
      }
  
    heap [k] = he;
    ev_active (ANHE_w (he)) = k;
  }
  #endif
  
  /* towards the root */
  inline_speed void
  upheap (ANHE *heap, int k)
  {
    ANHE he = heap [k];
  
    for (;;)
      {
        int p = HPARENT (k);
  
        if (UPHEAP_DONE (p, k) || ANHE_at (heap [p]) <= ANHE_at (he))
          break;
  
        heap [k] = heap [p];
        ev_active (ANHE_w (heap [k])) = k;
        k = p;
      }
  
    heap [k] = he;
    ev_active (ANHE_w (he)) = k;
  }
  
  /* move an element suitably so it is in a correct place */
  inline_size void
  adjustheap (ANHE *heap, int N, int k)
  {
    if (k > HEAP0 && ANHE_at (heap [k]) <= ANHE_at (heap [HPARENT (k)]))
      upheap (heap, k);
    else
      downheap (heap, N, k);
  }
  
  /* rebuild the heap: this function is used only once and executed rarely */
  inline_size void
  reheap (ANHE *heap, int N)
  {
    int i;
  
    /* we don't use floyds algorithm, upheap is simpler and is more cache-efficient */
    /* also, this is easy to implement and correct for both 2-heaps and 4-heaps */
    for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
      upheap (heap, i + HEAP0);
  }
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  /* associate signal watchers to a signal */
  typedef struct
  {
    EV_ATOMIC_T pending;
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
    EV_P;
  #endif
    WL head;
  } ANSIG;
  
  static ANSIG signals [EV_NSIG - 1];
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  #if EV_SIGNAL_ENABLE || EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
  
  static int
  evpipe_alloc(EV_P)
  {
    int fds [2];
  
  # if EV_USE_EVENTFD
    fds [0] = -1;
    fds [1] = eventfd (0, EFD_NONBLOCK | EFD_CLOEXEC);
    if (fds [1] < 0 && errno == EINVAL)
      fds [1] = eventfd (0, 0);
  
    if (fds [1] < 0)
  # endif
      {
        if (pipe(fds))
           return -1;
        fd_intern (fds [0]);
      }
  
    evpipe [0] = fds [0];
  
    if (evpipe [1] < 0)
      evpipe [1] = fds [1]; /* first call, set write fd */
    else
      {
        /* on subsequent calls, do not change evpipe [1] */
        /* so that evpipe_write can always rely on its value. */
        /* this branch does not do anything sensible on windows, */
        /* so must not be executed on windows */
        dup2 (fds [1], evpipe [1]);
        close (fds [1]);
      }
  
    fd_intern (evpipe [1]);
    return 1;
  }
  
  ecb_noinline ecb_cold
  static void
  evpipe_init (EV_P)
  {
    if (!ev_is_active (&pipe_w))
      {
        while (evpipe_alloc(loop) == -1)
          ev_syserr("(libev) error creating signal/async pipe");
        ev_io_set (&pipe_w, evpipe [0] < 0 ? evpipe [1] : evpipe [0], EV_READ);
        ev_io_start (EV_A_ &pipe_w);
        ev_unref (EV_A); /* watcher should not keep loop alive */
      }
  }
  
  inline_speed void
  evpipe_write (EV_P_ EV_ATOMIC_T *flag)
  {
    ECB_MEMORY_FENCE; /* push out the write before this function was called, acquire flag */
  
    if (ecb_expect_true (*flag))
      return;
  
    *flag = 1;
    ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE; /* make sure flag is visible before the wakeup */
  
    pipe_write_skipped = 1;
  
    ECB_MEMORY_FENCE; /* make sure pipe_write_skipped is visible before we check pipe_write_wanted */
  
    if (pipe_write_wanted)
      {
        int old_errno;
  
        pipe_write_skipped = 0;
        ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE;
  
        old_errno = errno; /* save errno because write will clobber it */
  
  #if EV_USE_EVENTFD
        if (evpipe [0] < 0)
          {
            uint64_t counter = 1;
            write (evpipe [1], &counter, sizeof (uint64_t));
          }
        else
  #endif
          {
  #ifdef _WIN32
            WSABUF buf;
            DWORD sent;
            buf.buf = (char *)&buf;
            buf.len = 1;
            WSASend (EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE (evpipe [1]), &buf, 1, &sent, 0, 0, 0);
  #else
            write (evpipe [1], &(evpipe [1]), 1);
  #endif
          }
  
        errno = old_errno;
      }
  }
  
  /* called whenever the libev signal pipe */
  /* got some events (signal, async) */
  static void
  pipecb (EV_P_ ev_io *iow, int revents)
  {
    int i;
  
    if (revents & EV_READ)
      {
  #if EV_USE_EVENTFD
        if (evpipe [0] < 0)
          {
            uint64_t counter;
            read (evpipe [1], &counter, sizeof (uint64_t));
          }
        else
  #endif
          {
            char dummy[4];
  #ifdef _WIN32
            WSABUF buf;
            DWORD recvd;
            DWORD flags = 0;
            buf.buf = dummy;
            buf.len = sizeof (dummy);
            WSARecv (EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE (evpipe [0]), &buf, 1, &recvd, &flags, 0, 0);
  #else
            read (evpipe [0], &dummy, sizeof (dummy));
  #endif
          }
      }
  
    pipe_write_skipped = 0;
  
    ECB_MEMORY_FENCE; /* push out skipped, acquire flags */
  
  #if EV_SIGNAL_ENABLE
    if (sig_pending)
      {
        sig_pending = 0;
  
        ECB_MEMORY_FENCE;
  
        for (i = EV_NSIG - 1; i--; )
          if (ecb_expect_false (signals [i].pending))
            ev_feed_signal_event (EV_A_ i + 1);
      }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
    if (async_pending)
      {
        async_pending = 0;
  
        ECB_MEMORY_FENCE;
  
        for (i = asynccnt; i--; )
          if (asyncs [i]->sent)
            {
              asyncs [i]->sent = 0;
              ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE;
              ev_feed_event (EV_A_ asyncs [i], EV_ASYNC);
            }
      }
  #endif
  }
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  void
  ev_feed_signal (int signum) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
    EV_P;
    ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE;
    EV_A = signals [signum - 1].loop;
  
    if (!EV_A)
      return;
  #endif
  
    signals [signum - 1].pending = 1;
    evpipe_write (EV_A_ &sig_pending);
  }
  
  static void
  ev_sighandler (int signum)
  {
  #ifdef _WIN32
    signal (signum, ev_sighandler);
  #endif
  
    ev_feed_signal (signum);
  }
  
  ecb_noinline
  void
  ev_feed_signal_event (EV_P_ int signum) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    WL w;
  
    if (ecb_expect_false (signum <= 0 || signum >= EV_NSIG))
      return;
  
    --signum;
  
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
    /* it is permissible to try to feed a signal to the wrong loop */
    /* or, likely more useful, feeding a signal nobody is waiting for */
  
    if (ecb_expect_false (signals [signum].loop != EV_A))
      return;
  #endif
  
    signals [signum].pending = 0;
    ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE;
  
    for (w = signals [signum].head; w; w = w->next)
      ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_SIGNAL);
  }
  
  #if EV_USE_SIGNALFD
  static void
  sigfdcb (EV_P_ ev_io *iow, int revents)
  {
    struct signalfd_siginfo si[2], *sip; /* these structs are big */
  
    for (;;)
      {
        ssize_t res = read (sigfd, si, sizeof (si));
  
        /* not ISO-C, as res might be -1, but works with SuS */
        for (sip = si; (char *)sip < (char *)si + res; ++sip)
          ev_feed_signal_event (EV_A_ sip->ssi_signo);
  
        if (res < (ssize_t)sizeof (si))
          break;
      }
  }
  #endif
  
  #endif
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  #if EV_CHILD_ENABLE
  static WL childs [EV_PID_HASHSIZE];
  
  static ev_signal childev;
  
  #ifndef WIFCONTINUED
  # define WIFCONTINUED(status) 0
  #endif
  
  /* handle a single child status event */
  inline_speed void
  child_reap (EV_P_ int chain, int pid, int status)
  {
    ev_child *w;
    int traced = WIFSTOPPED (status) || WIFCONTINUED (status);
  
    for (w = (ev_child *)childs [chain & ((EV_PID_HASHSIZE) - 1)]; w; w = (ev_child *)((WL)w)->next)
      {
        if ((w->pid == pid || !w->pid)
            && (!traced || (w->flags & 1)))
          {
            ev_set_priority (w, EV_MAXPRI); /* need to do it *now*, this *must* be the same prio as the signal watcher itself */
            w->rpid    = pid;
            w->rstatus = status;
            ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_CHILD);
          }
      }
  }
  
  #ifndef WCONTINUED
  # define WCONTINUED 0
  #endif
  
  /* called on sigchld etc., calls waitpid */
  static void
  childcb (EV_P_ ev_signal *sw, int revents)
  {
    int pid, status;
  
    /* some systems define WCONTINUED but then fail to support it (linux 2.4) */
    if (0 >= (pid = waitpid (-1, &status, WNOHANG | WUNTRACED | WCONTINUED)))
      if (!WCONTINUED
          || errno != EINVAL
          || 0 >= (pid = waitpid (-1, &status, WNOHANG | WUNTRACED)))
        return;
  
    /* make sure we are called again until all children have been reaped */
    /* we need to do it this way so that the callback gets called before we continue */
    ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)sw, EV_SIGNAL);
  
    child_reap (EV_A_ pid, pid, status);
    if ((EV_PID_HASHSIZE) > 1)
      child_reap (EV_A_ 0, pid, status); /* this might trigger a watcher twice, but feed_event catches that */
  }
  
  #endif
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  #if EV_USE_TIMERFD
  
  static void periodics_reschedule (EV_P);
  
  static void
  timerfdcb (EV_P_ ev_io *iow, int revents)
  {
    struct itimerspec its = { 0 };
  
    its.it_value.tv_sec = ev_rt_now + (int)MAX_BLOCKTIME2;
    timerfd_settime (timerfd, TFD_TIMER_ABSTIME | TFD_TIMER_CANCEL_ON_SET, &its, 0);
  
    ev_rt_now = ev_time ();
    /* periodics_reschedule only needs ev_rt_now */
    /* but maybe in the future we want the full treatment. */
    /*
    now_floor = EV_TS_CONST (0.);
    time_update (EV_A_ EV_TSTAMP_HUGE);
    */
  #if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
    periodics_reschedule (EV_A);
  #endif
  }
  
  ecb_noinline ecb_cold
  static void
  evtimerfd_init (EV_P)
  {
    if (!ev_is_active (&timerfd_w))
      {
        timerfd = timerfd_create (CLOCK_REALTIME, TFD_NONBLOCK | TFD_CLOEXEC);
  
        if (timerfd >= 0)
          {
            fd_intern (timerfd); /* just to be sure */
  
            ev_io_init (&timerfd_w, timerfdcb, timerfd, EV_READ);
            ev_set_priority (&timerfd_w, EV_MINPRI);
            ev_io_start (EV_A_ &timerfd_w);
            ev_unref (EV_A); /* watcher should not keep loop alive */
  
            /* (re-) arm timer */
            timerfdcb (EV_A_ 0, 0);
          }
      }
  }
  
  #endif
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  #if EV_USE_IOCP
  # include "ev_iocp.c"
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_PORT
  # include "ev_port.c"
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_KQUEUE
  # include "ev_kqueue.c"
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_EPOLL
  # include "ev_epoll.c"
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_LINUXAIO
  # include "ev_linuxaio.c"
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_IOURING
  # include "ev_iouring.c"
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_POLL
  # include "ev_poll.c"
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_SELECT
  # include "ev_select.c"
  #endif
  
  ecb_cold int
  ev_version_major (void) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    return EV_VERSION_MAJOR;
  }
  
  ecb_cold int
  ev_version_minor (void) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    return EV_VERSION_MINOR;
  }
  
  /* return true if we are running with elevated privileges and should ignore env variables */
  inline_size ecb_cold int
  enable_secure (void)
  {
  #ifdef _WIN32
    return 0;
  #else
    return getuid () != geteuid ()
        || getgid () != getegid ();
  #endif
  }
  
  ecb_cold
  unsigned int
  ev_supported_backends (void) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    unsigned int flags = 0;
  
    if (EV_USE_PORT                                      ) flags |= EVBACKEND_PORT;
    if (EV_USE_KQUEUE                                    ) flags |= EVBACKEND_KQUEUE;
    if (EV_USE_EPOLL                                     ) flags |= EVBACKEND_EPOLL;
    if (EV_USE_LINUXAIO                                  ) flags |= EVBACKEND_LINUXAIO;
    if (EV_USE_IOURING && ev_linux_version () >= 0x050601) flags |= EVBACKEND_IOURING; /* 5.6.1+ */
    if (EV_USE_POLL                                      ) flags |= EVBACKEND_POLL;
    if (EV_USE_SELECT                                    ) flags |= EVBACKEND_SELECT;
  
    return flags;
  }
  
  ecb_cold
  unsigned int
  ev_recommended_backends (void) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    unsigned int flags = ev_supported_backends ();
  
  #if !defined(__NetBSD__) && !defined(__FreeBSD__)
    /* kqueue is borked on everything but netbsd apparently */
    /* it usually doesn't work correctly on anything but sockets and pipes */
    flags &= ~EVBACKEND_KQUEUE;
  #endif
  #ifdef __APPLE__
    /* only select works correctly on that "unix-certified" platform */
    flags &= ~EVBACKEND_KQUEUE; /* horribly broken, even for sockets */
    flags &= ~EVBACKEND_POLL;   /* poll is based on kqueue from 10.5 onwards */
  #endif
  #ifdef __FreeBSD__
    flags &= ~EVBACKEND_POLL;   /* poll return value is unusable (http://forums.freebsd.org/archive/index.php/t-10270.html) */
  #endif
  
    /* TODO: linuxaio is very experimental */
  #if !EV_RECOMMEND_LINUXAIO
    flags &= ~EVBACKEND_LINUXAIO;
  #endif
    /* TODO: iouring is super experimental */
  #if !EV_RECOMMEND_IOURING
    flags &= ~EVBACKEND_IOURING;
  #endif
  
    return flags;
  }
  
  ecb_cold
  unsigned int
  ev_embeddable_backends (void) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    int flags = EVBACKEND_EPOLL | EVBACKEND_KQUEUE | EVBACKEND_PORT | EVBACKEND_IOURING;
  
    /* epoll embeddability broken on all linux versions up to at least 2.6.23 */
    if (ev_linux_version () < 0x020620) /* disable it on linux < 2.6.32 */
      flags &= ~EVBACKEND_EPOLL;
  
    /* EVBACKEND_LINUXAIO is theoretically embeddable, but suffers from a performance overhead */
  
    return flags;
  }
  
  unsigned int
  ev_backend (EV_P) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    return backend;
  }
  
  #if EV_FEATURE_API
  unsigned int
  ev_iteration (EV_P) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    return loop_count;
  }
  
  unsigned int
  ev_depth (EV_P) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    return loop_depth;
  }
  
  void
  ev_set_io_collect_interval (EV_P_ ev_tstamp interval) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    io_blocktime = interval;
  }
  
  void
  ev_set_timeout_collect_interval (EV_P_ ev_tstamp interval) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    timeout_blocktime = interval;
  }
  
  void
  ev_set_userdata (EV_P_ void *data) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    userdata = data;
  }
  
  void *
  ev_userdata (EV_P) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    return userdata;
  }
  
  void
  ev_set_invoke_pending_cb (EV_P_ ev_loop_callback invoke_pending_cb) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    invoke_cb = invoke_pending_cb;
  }
  
  void
  ev_set_loop_release_cb (EV_P_ void (*release)(EV_P) EV_NOEXCEPT, void (*acquire)(EV_P) EV_NOEXCEPT) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    release_cb = release;
    acquire_cb = acquire;
  }
  #endif
  
  /* initialise a loop structure, must be zero-initialised */
  ecb_noinline ecb_cold
  static void
  loop_init (EV_P_ unsigned int flags) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    if (!backend)
      {
        origflags = flags;
  
  #if EV_USE_REALTIME
        if (!have_realtime)
          {
            struct timespec ts;
  
            if (!clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts))
              have_realtime = 1;
          }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_USE_MONOTONIC
        if (!have_monotonic)
          {
            struct timespec ts;
  
            if (!clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts))
              have_monotonic = 1;
          }
  #endif
  
        /* pid check not overridable via env */
  #ifndef _WIN32
        if (flags & EVFLAG_FORKCHECK)
          curpid = getpid ();
  #endif
  
        if (!(flags & EVFLAG_NOENV)
            && !enable_secure ()
            && getenv ("LIBEV_FLAGS"))
          flags = atoi (getenv ("LIBEV_FLAGS"));
  
        ev_rt_now          = ev_time ();
        mn_now             = get_clock ();
        now_floor          = mn_now;
        rtmn_diff          = ev_rt_now - mn_now;
  #if EV_FEATURE_API
        invoke_cb          = ev_invoke_pending;
  #endif
  
        io_blocktime       = 0.;
        timeout_blocktime  = 0.;
        backend            = 0;
        backend_fd         = -1;
        sig_pending        = 0;
  #if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
        async_pending      = 0;
  #endif
        pipe_write_skipped = 0;
        pipe_write_wanted  = 0;
        evpipe [0]         = -1;
        evpipe [1]         = -1;
  #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
        fs_fd              = flags & EVFLAG_NOINOTIFY ? -1 : -2;
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_SIGNALFD
        sigfd              = flags & EVFLAG_SIGNALFD  ? -2 : -1;
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_TIMERFD
        timerfd            = flags & EVFLAG_NOTIMERFD ? -1 : -2;
  #endif
  
        if (!(flags & EVBACKEND_MASK))
          flags |= ev_recommended_backends ();
  
        if (flags & EVFLAG_ALLOCFD)
          if (evpipe_alloc(EV_A) < 0)
            return;
  
  #if EV_USE_IOCP
        if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_IOCP    )) backend = iocp_init      (EV_A_ flags);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_PORT
        if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_PORT    )) backend = port_init      (EV_A_ flags);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_KQUEUE
        if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_KQUEUE  )) backend = kqueue_init    (EV_A_ flags);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_IOURING
        if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_IOURING )) backend = iouring_init   (EV_A_ flags);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_LINUXAIO
        if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_LINUXAIO)) backend = linuxaio_init  (EV_A_ flags);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_EPOLL
        if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_EPOLL   )) backend = epoll_init     (EV_A_ flags);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_POLL
        if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_POLL    )) backend = poll_init      (EV_A_ flags);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_SELECT
        if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_SELECT  )) backend = select_init    (EV_A_ flags);
  #endif
  
        ev_prepare_init (&pending_w, pendingcb);
  
  #if EV_SIGNAL_ENABLE || EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
        ev_init (&pipe_w, pipecb);
        ev_set_priority (&pipe_w, EV_MAXPRI);
        if (flags & EVFLAG_ALLOCFD)
          {
            ev_io_set (&pipe_w, evpipe [0] < 0 ? evpipe [1] : evpipe [0], EV_READ);
            ev_io_start (EV_A_ &pipe_w);
            ev_unref (EV_A);
          }
  #endif
      }
  }
  
  /* free up a loop structure */
  ecb_cold
  void
  ev_loop_destroy (EV_P)
  {
    int i;
  
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
    /* mimic free (0) */
    if (!EV_A)
      return;
  #endif
  
  #if EV_CLEANUP_ENABLE
    /* queue cleanup watchers (and execute them) */
    if (ecb_expect_false (cleanupcnt))
      {
        queue_events (EV_A_ (W *)cleanups, cleanupcnt, EV_CLEANUP);
        EV_INVOKE_PENDING;
      }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_CHILD_ENABLE
    if (ev_is_default_loop (EV_A) && ev_is_active (&childev))
      {
        ev_ref (EV_A); /* child watcher */
        ev_signal_stop (EV_A_ &childev);
      }
  #endif
  
    if (ev_is_active (&pipe_w))
      {
        /*ev_ref (EV_A);*/
        /*ev_io_stop (EV_A_ &pipe_w);*/
  
        if (evpipe [0] >= 0) EV_WIN32_CLOSE_FD (evpipe [0]);
        if (evpipe [1] >= 0) EV_WIN32_CLOSE_FD (evpipe [1]);
      }
  
  #if EV_USE_SIGNALFD
    if (ev_is_active (&sigfd_w))
      close (sigfd);
  #endif
  
  #if EV_USE_TIMERFD
    if (ev_is_active (&timerfd_w))
      close (timerfd);
  #endif
  
  #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
    if (fs_fd >= 0)
      close (fs_fd);
  #endif
  
    if (backend_fd >= 0)
      close (backend_fd);
  
  #if EV_USE_IOCP
    if (backend == EVBACKEND_IOCP    ) iocp_destroy     (EV_A);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_PORT
    if (backend == EVBACKEND_PORT    ) port_destroy     (EV_A);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_KQUEUE
    if (backend == EVBACKEND_KQUEUE  ) kqueue_destroy   (EV_A);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_IOURING
    if (backend == EVBACKEND_IOURING ) iouring_destroy  (EV_A);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_LINUXAIO
    if (backend == EVBACKEND_LINUXAIO) linuxaio_destroy (EV_A);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_EPOLL
    if (backend == EVBACKEND_EPOLL   ) epoll_destroy    (EV_A);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_POLL
    if (backend == EVBACKEND_POLL    ) poll_destroy     (EV_A);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_SELECT
    if (backend == EVBACKEND_SELECT  ) select_destroy   (EV_A);
  #endif
  
    for (i = NUMPRI; i--; )
      {
        array_free (pending, [i]);
  #if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
        array_free (idle, [i]);
  #endif
      }
  
    ev_free (anfds); anfds = 0; anfdmax = 0;
  
    /* have to use the microsoft-never-gets-it-right macro */
    array_free (rfeed, EMPTY);
    array_free (fdchange, EMPTY);
    array_free (timer, EMPTY);
  #if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
    array_free (periodic, EMPTY);
  #endif
  #if EV_FORK_ENABLE
    array_free (fork, EMPTY);
  #endif
  #if EV_CLEANUP_ENABLE
    array_free (cleanup, EMPTY);
  #endif
    array_free (prepare, EMPTY);
    array_free (check, EMPTY);
  #if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
    array_free (async, EMPTY);
  #endif
  
    backend = 0;
  
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
    if (ev_is_default_loop (EV_A))
  #endif
      ev_default_loop_ptr = 0;
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
    else
      ev_free (EV_A);
  #endif
  }
  
  #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
  inline_size void infy_fork (EV_P);
  #endif
  
  inline_size void
  loop_fork (EV_P)
  {
  #if EV_USE_PORT
    if (backend == EVBACKEND_PORT    ) port_fork     (EV_A);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_KQUEUE
    if (backend == EVBACKEND_KQUEUE  ) kqueue_fork   (EV_A);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_IOURING
    if (backend == EVBACKEND_IOURING ) iouring_fork  (EV_A);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_LINUXAIO
    if (backend == EVBACKEND_LINUXAIO) linuxaio_fork (EV_A);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_EPOLL
    if (backend == EVBACKEND_EPOLL   ) epoll_fork    (EV_A);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
    infy_fork (EV_A);
  #endif
  
    if (postfork != 2)
      {
        #if EV_USE_SIGNALFD
          /* surprisingly, nothing needs to be done for signalfd, accoridng to docs, it does the right thing on fork */
        #endif
  
        #if EV_USE_TIMERFD
          if (ev_is_active (&timerfd_w))
            {
              ev_ref (EV_A);
              ev_io_stop (EV_A_ &timerfd_w);
  
              close (timerfd);
              timerfd = -2;
  
              evtimerfd_init (EV_A);
              /* reschedule periodics, in case we missed something */
              ev_feed_event (EV_A_ &timerfd_w, EV_CUSTOM);
            }
        #endif
  
        #if EV_SIGNAL_ENABLE || EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
          if (ev_is_active (&pipe_w))
            {
              /* pipe_write_wanted must be false now, so modifying fd vars should be safe */
  
              ev_ref (EV_A);
              ev_io_stop (EV_A_ &pipe_w);
  
              if (evpipe [0] >= 0)
                EV_WIN32_CLOSE_FD (evpipe [0]);
  
              evpipe_init (EV_A);
              /* iterate over everything, in case we missed something before */
              ev_feed_event (EV_A_ &pipe_w, EV_CUSTOM);
            }
        #endif
      }
  
    postfork = 0;
  }
  
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
  
  ecb_cold
  struct ev_loop *
  ev_loop_new (unsigned int flags) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    EV_P = (struct ev_loop *)ev_malloc (sizeof (struct ev_loop));
  
    memset (EV_A, 0, sizeof (struct ev_loop));
    loop_init (EV_A_ flags);
  
    if (ev_backend (EV_A))
      return EV_A;
  
    ev_free (EV_A);
    return 0;
  }
  
  #endif /* multiplicity */
  
  #if EV_VERIFY
  ecb_noinline ecb_cold
  static void
  verify_watcher (EV_P_ W w)
  {
    assert (("libev: watcher has invalid priority", ABSPRI (w) >= 0 && ABSPRI (w) < NUMPRI));
  
    if (w->pending)
      assert (("libev: pending watcher not on pending queue", pendings [ABSPRI (w)][w->pending - 1].w == w));
  }
  
  ecb_noinline ecb_cold
  static void
  verify_heap (EV_P_ ANHE *heap, int N)
  {
    int i;
  
    for (i = HEAP0; i < N + HEAP0; ++i)
      {
        assert (("libev: active index mismatch in heap", ev_active (ANHE_w (heap [i])) == i));
        assert (("libev: heap condition violated", i == HEAP0 || ANHE_at (heap [HPARENT (i)]) <= ANHE_at (heap [i])));
        assert (("libev: heap at cache mismatch", ANHE_at (heap [i]) == ev_at (ANHE_w (heap [i]))));
  
        verify_watcher (EV_A_ (W)ANHE_w (heap [i]));
      }
  }
  
  ecb_noinline ecb_cold
  static void
  array_verify (EV_P_ W *ws, int cnt)
  {
    while (cnt--)
      {
        assert (("libev: active index mismatch", ev_active (ws [cnt]) == cnt + 1));
        verify_watcher (EV_A_ ws [cnt]);
      }
  }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_FEATURE_API
  void ecb_cold
  ev_verify (EV_P) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
  #if EV_VERIFY
    int i;
    WL w, w2;
  
    assert (activecnt >= -1);
  
    assert (fdchangemax >= fdchangecnt);
    for (i = 0; i < fdchangecnt; ++i)
      assert (("libev: negative fd in fdchanges", fdchanges [i] >= 0));
  
    assert (anfdmax >= 0);
    for (i = 0; i < anfdmax; ++i)
      {
        int j = 0;
  
        for (w = w2 = anfds [i].head; w; w = w->next)
          {
            verify_watcher (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
            if (j++ & 1)
              {
                assert (("libev: io watcher list contains a loop", w != w2));
                w2 = w2->next;
              }
  
            assert (("libev: inactive fd watcher on anfd list", ev_active (w) == 1));
            assert (("libev: fd mismatch between watcher and anfd", ((ev_io *)w)->fd == i));
          }
      }
  
    assert (timermax >= timercnt);
    verify_heap (EV_A_ timers, timercnt);
  
  #if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
    assert (periodicmax >= periodiccnt);
    verify_heap (EV_A_ periodics, periodiccnt);
  #endif
  
    for (i = NUMPRI; i--; )
      {
        assert (pendingmax [i] >= pendingcnt [i]);
  #if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
        assert (idleall >= 0);
        assert (idlemax [i] >= idlecnt [i]);
        array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)idles [i], idlecnt [i]);
  #endif
      }
  
  #if EV_FORK_ENABLE
    assert (forkmax >= forkcnt);
    array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)forks, forkcnt);
  #endif
  
  #if EV_CLEANUP_ENABLE
    assert (cleanupmax >= cleanupcnt);
    array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)cleanups, cleanupcnt);
  #endif
  
  #if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
    assert (asyncmax >= asynccnt);
    array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)asyncs, asynccnt);
  #endif
  
  #if EV_PREPARE_ENABLE
    assert (preparemax >= preparecnt);
    array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)prepares, preparecnt);
  #endif
  
  #if EV_CHECK_ENABLE
    assert (checkmax >= checkcnt);
    array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)checks, checkcnt);
  #endif
  
  # if 0
  #if EV_CHILD_ENABLE
    for (w = (ev_child *)childs [chain & ((EV_PID_HASHSIZE) - 1)]; w; w = (ev_child *)((WL)w)->next)
    for (signum = EV_NSIG; signum--; ) if (signals [signum].pending)
  #endif
  # endif
  #endif
  }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
  ecb_cold
  struct ev_loop *
  #else
  int
  #endif
  ev_default_loop (unsigned int flags) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    if (!ev_default_loop_ptr)
      {
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
        EV_P = ev_default_loop_ptr = &default_loop_struct;
  #else
        ev_default_loop_ptr = 1;
  #endif
  
        loop_init (EV_A_ flags);
  
        if (ev_backend (EV_A))
          {
  #if EV_CHILD_ENABLE
            ev_signal_init (&childev, childcb, SIGCHLD);
            ev_set_priority (&childev, EV_MAXPRI);
            ev_signal_start (EV_A_ &childev);
            ev_unref (EV_A); /* child watcher should not keep loop alive */
  #endif
          }
        else
          ev_default_loop_ptr = 0;
      }
  
    return ev_default_loop_ptr;
  }
  
  void
  ev_loop_fork (EV_P) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    postfork = 1;
  }
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  void
  ev_invoke (EV_P_ void *w, int revents)
  {
    EV_CB_INVOKE ((W)w, revents);
  }
  
  unsigned int
  ev_pending_count (EV_P) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    int pri;
    unsigned int count = 0;
  
    for (pri = NUMPRI; pri--; )
      count += pendingcnt [pri];
  
    return count;
  }
  
  ecb_noinline
  void
  ev_invoke_pending (EV_P)
  {
    pendingpri = NUMPRI;
  
    do
      {
        --pendingpri;
  
        /* pendingpri possibly gets modified in the inner loop */
        while (pendingcnt [pendingpri])
          {
            ANPENDING *p = pendings [pendingpri] + --pendingcnt [pendingpri];
  
            p->w->pending = 0;
            EV_CB_INVOKE (p->w, p->events);
            EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
          }
      }
    while (pendingpri);
  }
  
  #if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
  /* make idle watchers pending. this handles the "call-idle */
  /* only when higher priorities are idle" logic */
  inline_size void
  idle_reify (EV_P)
  {
    if (ecb_expect_false (idleall))
      {
        int pri;
  
        for (pri = NUMPRI; pri--; )
          {
            if (pendingcnt [pri])
              break;
  
            if (idlecnt [pri])
              {
                queue_events (EV_A_ (W *)idles [pri], idlecnt [pri], EV_IDLE);
                break;
              }
          }
      }
  }
  #endif
  
  /* make timers pending */
  inline_size void
  timers_reify (EV_P)
  {
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    if (timercnt && ANHE_at (timers [HEAP0]) < mn_now)
      {
        do
          {
            ev_timer *w = (ev_timer *)ANHE_w (timers [HEAP0]);
  
            /*assert (("libev: inactive timer on timer heap detected", ev_is_active (w)));*/
  
            /* first reschedule or stop timer */
            if (w->repeat)
              {
                ev_at (w) += w->repeat;
                if (ev_at (w) < mn_now)
                  ev_at (w) = mn_now;
  
                assert (("libev: negative ev_timer repeat value found while processing timers", w->repeat > EV_TS_CONST (0.)));
  
                ANHE_at_cache (timers [HEAP0]);
                downheap (timers, timercnt, HEAP0);
              }
            else
              ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ w); /* nonrepeating: stop timer */
  
            EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
            feed_reverse (EV_A_ (W)w);
          }
        while (timercnt && ANHE_at (timers [HEAP0]) < mn_now);
  
        feed_reverse_done (EV_A_ EV_TIMER);
      }
  }
  
  #if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
  
  ecb_noinline
  static void
  periodic_recalc (EV_P_ ev_periodic *w)
  {
    ev_tstamp interval = w->interval > MIN_INTERVAL ? w->interval : MIN_INTERVAL;
    ev_tstamp at = w->offset + interval * ev_floor ((ev_rt_now - w->offset) / interval);
  
    /* the above almost always errs on the low side */
    while (at <= ev_rt_now)
      {
        ev_tstamp nat = at + w->interval;
  
        /* when resolution fails us, we use ev_rt_now */
        if (ecb_expect_false (nat == at))
          {
            at = ev_rt_now;
            break;
          }
  
        at = nat;
      }
  
    ev_at (w) = at;
  }
  
  /* make periodics pending */
  inline_size void
  periodics_reify (EV_P)
  {
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    while (periodiccnt && ANHE_at (periodics [HEAP0]) < ev_rt_now)
      {
        do
          {
            ev_periodic *w = (ev_periodic *)ANHE_w (periodics [HEAP0]);
  
            /*assert (("libev: inactive timer on periodic heap detected", ev_is_active (w)));*/
  
            /* first reschedule or stop timer */
            if (w->reschedule_cb)
              {
                ev_at (w) = w->reschedule_cb (w, ev_rt_now);
  
                assert (("libev: ev_periodic reschedule callback returned time in the past", ev_at (w) >= ev_rt_now));
  
                ANHE_at_cache (periodics [HEAP0]);
                downheap (periodics, periodiccnt, HEAP0);
              }
            else if (w->interval)
              {
                periodic_recalc (EV_A_ w);
                ANHE_at_cache (periodics [HEAP0]);
                downheap (periodics, periodiccnt, HEAP0);
              }
            else
              ev_periodic_stop (EV_A_ w); /* nonrepeating: stop timer */
  
            EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
            feed_reverse (EV_A_ (W)w);
          }
        while (periodiccnt && ANHE_at (periodics [HEAP0]) < ev_rt_now);
  
        feed_reverse_done (EV_A_ EV_PERIODIC);
      }
  }
  
  /* simply recalculate all periodics */
  /* TODO: maybe ensure that at least one event happens when jumping forward? */
  ecb_noinline ecb_cold
  static void
  periodics_reschedule (EV_P)
  {
    int i;
  
    /* adjust periodics after time jump */
    for (i = HEAP0; i < periodiccnt + HEAP0; ++i)
      {
        ev_periodic *w = (ev_periodic *)ANHE_w (periodics [i]);
  
        if (w->reschedule_cb)
          ev_at (w) = w->reschedule_cb (w, ev_rt_now);
        else if (w->interval)
          periodic_recalc (EV_A_ w);
  
        ANHE_at_cache (periodics [i]);
      }
  
    reheap (periodics, periodiccnt);
  }
  #endif
  
  /* adjust all timers by a given offset */
  ecb_noinline ecb_cold
  static void
  timers_reschedule (EV_P_ ev_tstamp adjust)
  {
    int i;
  
    for (i = 0; i < timercnt; ++i)
      {
        ANHE *he = timers + i + HEAP0;
        ANHE_w (*he)->at += adjust;
        ANHE_at_cache (*he);
      }
  }
  
  /* fetch new monotonic and realtime times from the kernel */
  /* also detect if there was a timejump, and act accordingly */
  inline_speed void
  time_update (EV_P_ ev_tstamp max_block)
  {
  #if EV_USE_MONOTONIC
    if (ecb_expect_true (have_monotonic))
      {
        int i;
        ev_tstamp odiff = rtmn_diff;
  
        mn_now = get_clock ();
  
        /* only fetch the realtime clock every 0.5*MIN_TIMEJUMP seconds */
        /* interpolate in the meantime */
        if (ecb_expect_true (mn_now - now_floor < EV_TS_CONST (MIN_TIMEJUMP * .5)))
          {
            ev_rt_now = rtmn_diff + mn_now;
            return;
          }
  
        now_floor = mn_now;
        ev_rt_now = ev_time ();
  
        /* loop a few times, before making important decisions.
         * on the choice of "4": one iteration isn't enough,
         * in case we get preempted during the calls to
         * ev_time and get_clock. a second call is almost guaranteed
         * to succeed in that case, though. and looping a few more times
         * doesn't hurt either as we only do this on time-jumps or
         * in the unlikely event of having been preempted here.
         */
        for (i = 4; --i; )
          {
            ev_tstamp diff;
            rtmn_diff = ev_rt_now - mn_now;
  
            diff = odiff - rtmn_diff;
  
            if (ecb_expect_true ((diff < EV_TS_CONST (0.) ? -diff : diff) < EV_TS_CONST (MIN_TIMEJUMP)))
              return; /* all is well */
  
            ev_rt_now = ev_time ();
            mn_now    = get_clock ();
            now_floor = mn_now;
          }
  
        /* no timer adjustment, as the monotonic clock doesn't jump */
        /* timers_reschedule (EV_A_ rtmn_diff - odiff) */
  # if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
        periodics_reschedule (EV_A);
  # endif
      }
    else
  #endif
      {
        ev_rt_now = ev_time ();
  
        if (ecb_expect_false (mn_now > ev_rt_now || ev_rt_now > mn_now + max_block + EV_TS_CONST (MIN_TIMEJUMP)))
          {
            /* adjust timers. this is easy, as the offset is the same for all of them */
            timers_reschedule (EV_A_ ev_rt_now - mn_now);
  #if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
            periodics_reschedule (EV_A);
  #endif
          }
  
        mn_now = ev_rt_now;
      }
  }
  
  int
  ev_run (EV_P_ int flags)
  {
  #if EV_FEATURE_API
    ++loop_depth;
  #endif
  
    assert (("libev: ev_loop recursion during release detected", loop_done != EVBREAK_RECURSE));
  
    loop_done = EVBREAK_CANCEL;
  
    EV_INVOKE_PENDING; /* in case we recurse, ensure ordering stays nice and clean */
  
    do
      {
  #if EV_VERIFY >= 2
        ev_verify (EV_A);
  #endif
  
  #ifndef _WIN32
        if (ecb_expect_false (curpid)) /* penalise the forking check even more */
          if (ecb_expect_false (getpid () != curpid))
            {
              curpid = getpid ();
              postfork = 1;
            }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_FORK_ENABLE
        /* we might have forked, so queue fork handlers */
        if (ecb_expect_false (postfork))
          if (forkcnt)
            {
              queue_events (EV_A_ (W *)forks, forkcnt, EV_FORK);
              EV_INVOKE_PENDING;
            }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_PREPARE_ENABLE
        /* queue prepare watchers (and execute them) */
        if (ecb_expect_false (preparecnt))
          {
            queue_events (EV_A_ (W *)prepares, preparecnt, EV_PREPARE);
            EV_INVOKE_PENDING;
          }
  #endif
  
        if (ecb_expect_false (loop_done))
          break;
  
        /* we might have forked, so reify kernel state if necessary */
        if (ecb_expect_false (postfork))
          loop_fork (EV_A);
  
        /* update fd-related kernel structures */
        fd_reify (EV_A);
  
        /* calculate blocking time */
        {
          ev_tstamp waittime  = 0.;
          ev_tstamp sleeptime = 0.;
  
          /* remember old timestamp for io_blocktime calculation */
          ev_tstamp prev_mn_now = mn_now;
  
          /* update time to cancel out callback processing overhead */
          time_update (EV_A_ EV_TS_CONST (EV_TSTAMP_HUGE));
  
          /* from now on, we want a pipe-wake-up */
          pipe_write_wanted = 1;
  
          ECB_MEMORY_FENCE; /* make sure pipe_write_wanted is visible before we check for potential skips */
  
          if (ecb_expect_true (!(flags & EVRUN_NOWAIT || idleall || !activecnt || pipe_write_skipped)))
            {
              waittime = EV_TS_CONST (MAX_BLOCKTIME);
  
  #if EV_USE_MONOTONIC
              if (ecb_expect_true (have_monotonic))
                {
  #if EV_USE_TIMERFD
                  /* sleep a lot longer when we can reliably detect timejumps */
                  if (ecb_expect_true (timerfd != -1))
                    waittime = EV_TS_CONST (MAX_BLOCKTIME2);
  #endif
  #if !EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
                  /* without periodics but with monotonic clock there is no need */
                  /* for any time jump detection, so sleep longer */
                  waittime = EV_TS_CONST (MAX_BLOCKTIME2);
  #endif
                }
  #endif
  
              if (timercnt)
                {
                  ev_tstamp to = ANHE_at (timers [HEAP0]) - mn_now;
                  if (waittime > to) waittime = to;
                }
  
  #if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
              if (periodiccnt)
                {
                  ev_tstamp to = ANHE_at (periodics [HEAP0]) - ev_rt_now;
                  if (waittime > to) waittime = to;
                }
  #endif
  
              /* don't let timeouts decrease the waittime below timeout_blocktime */
              if (ecb_expect_false (waittime < timeout_blocktime))
                waittime = timeout_blocktime;
  
              /* now there are two more special cases left, either we have
               * already-expired timers, so we should not sleep, or we have timers
               * that expire very soon, in which case we need to wait for a minimum
               * amount of time for some event loop backends.
               */
              if (ecb_expect_false (waittime < backend_mintime))
                waittime = waittime <= EV_TS_CONST (0.)
                   ? EV_TS_CONST (0.)
                   : backend_mintime;
  
              /* extra check because io_blocktime is commonly 0 */
              if (ecb_expect_false (io_blocktime))
                {
                  sleeptime = io_blocktime - (mn_now - prev_mn_now);
  
                  if (sleeptime > waittime - backend_mintime)
                    sleeptime = waittime - backend_mintime;
  
                  if (ecb_expect_true (sleeptime > EV_TS_CONST (0.)))
                    {
                      ev_sleep (sleeptime);
                      waittime -= sleeptime;
                    }
                }
            }
  
  #if EV_FEATURE_API
          ++loop_count;
  #endif
          assert ((loop_done = EVBREAK_RECURSE, 1)); /* assert for side effect */
          backend_poll (EV_A_ waittime);
          assert ((loop_done = EVBREAK_CANCEL, 1)); /* assert for side effect */
  
          pipe_write_wanted = 0; /* just an optimisation, no fence needed */
  
          ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_ACQUIRE;
          if (pipe_write_skipped)
            {
              assert (("libev: pipe_w not active, but pipe not written", ev_is_active (&pipe_w)));
              ev_feed_event (EV_A_ &pipe_w, EV_CUSTOM);
            }
  
          /* update ev_rt_now, do magic */
          time_update (EV_A_ waittime + sleeptime);
        }
  
        /* queue pending timers and reschedule them */
        timers_reify (EV_A); /* relative timers called last */
  #if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
        periodics_reify (EV_A); /* absolute timers called first */
  #endif
  
  #if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
        /* queue idle watchers unless other events are pending */
        idle_reify (EV_A);
  #endif
  
  #if EV_CHECK_ENABLE
        /* queue check watchers, to be executed first */
        if (ecb_expect_false (checkcnt))
          queue_events (EV_A_ (W *)checks, checkcnt, EV_CHECK);
  #endif
  
        EV_INVOKE_PENDING;
      }
    while (ecb_expect_true (
      activecnt
      && !loop_done
      && !(flags & (EVRUN_ONCE | EVRUN_NOWAIT))
    ));
  
    if (loop_done == EVBREAK_ONE)
      loop_done = EVBREAK_CANCEL;
  
  #if EV_FEATURE_API
    --loop_depth;
  #endif
  
    return activecnt;
  }
  
  void
  ev_break (EV_P_ int how) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    loop_done = how;
  }
  
  void
  ev_ref (EV_P) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    ++activecnt;
  }
  
  void
  ev_unref (EV_P) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    --activecnt;
  }
  
  int
  ev_activecnt (EV_P) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    return activecnt;
  }
  
  void
  ev_now_update (EV_P) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    time_update (EV_A_ EV_TSTAMP_HUGE);
  }
  
  void
  ev_suspend (EV_P) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    ev_now_update (EV_A);
  }
  
  void
  ev_resume (EV_P) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    ev_tstamp mn_prev = mn_now;
  
    ev_now_update (EV_A);
    timers_reschedule (EV_A_ mn_now - mn_prev);
  #if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
    /* TODO: really do this? */
    periodics_reschedule (EV_A);
  #endif
  }
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  /* singly-linked list management, used when the expected list length is short */
  
  inline_size void
  wlist_add (WL *head, WL elem)
  {
    elem->next = *head;
    *head = elem;
  }
  
  inline_size void
  wlist_del (WL *head, WL elem)
  {
    while (*head)
      {
        if (ecb_expect_true (*head == elem))
          {
            *head = elem->next;
            break;
          }
  
        head = &(*head)->next;
      }
  }
  
  /* internal, faster, version of ev_clear_pending */
  inline_speed void
  clear_pending (EV_P_ W w)
  {
    if (w->pending)
      {
        pendings [ABSPRI (w)][w->pending - 1].w = (W)&pending_w;
        w->pending = 0;
      }
  }
  
  int
  ev_clear_pending (EV_P_ void *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    W w_ = (W)w;
    int pending = w_->pending;
  
    if (ecb_expect_true (pending))
      {
        ANPENDING *p = pendings [ABSPRI (w_)] + pending - 1;
        p->w = (W)&pending_w;
        w_->pending = 0;
        return p->events;
      }
    else
      return 0;
  }
  
  inline_size void
  pri_adjust (EV_P_ W w)
  {
    int pri = ev_priority (w);
    pri = pri < EV_MINPRI ? EV_MINPRI : pri;
    pri = pri > EV_MAXPRI ? EV_MAXPRI : pri;
    ev_set_priority (w, pri);
  }
  
  inline_speed void
  ev_start (EV_P_ W w, int active)
  {
    pri_adjust (EV_A_ w);
    w->active = active;
    ev_ref (EV_A);
  }
  
  inline_size void
  ev_stop (EV_P_ W w)
  {
    ev_unref (EV_A);
    w->active = 0;
  }
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  ecb_noinline
  void
  ev_io_start (EV_P_ ev_io *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    int fd = w->fd;
  
    if (ecb_expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    assert (("libev: ev_io_start called with negative fd", fd >= 0));
    assert (("libev: ev_io_start called with illegal event mask", !(w->events & ~(EV__IOFDSET | EV_READ | EV_WRITE))));
  
  #if EV_VERIFY >= 2
    assert (("libev: ev_io_start called on watcher with invalid fd", fd_valid (fd)));
  #endif
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
    array_needsize (ANFD, anfds, anfdmax, fd + 1, array_needsize_zerofill);
    wlist_add (&anfds[fd].head, (WL)w);
  
    /* common bug, apparently */
    assert (("libev: ev_io_start called with corrupted watcher", ((WL)w)->next != (WL)w));
  
    fd_change (EV_A_ fd, w->events & EV__IOFDSET | EV_ANFD_REIFY);
    w->events &= ~EV__IOFDSET;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  ecb_noinline
  void
  ev_io_stop (EV_P_ ev_io *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (ecb_expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    assert (("libev: ev_io_stop called with illegal fd (must stay constant after start!)", w->fd >= 0 && w->fd < anfdmax));
  
  #if EV_VERIFY >= 2
    assert (("libev: ev_io_stop called on watcher with invalid fd", fd_valid (w->fd)));
  #endif
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    wlist_del (&anfds[w->fd].head, (WL)w);
    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    fd_change (EV_A_ w->fd, EV_ANFD_REIFY);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  /*
   * Modelled after fd_kill(), which is called when the library detects an
   * invalid fd. Feeding events into stopped watchers is ok.
   * Since every watcher is stopped, the select/poll/epoll/whatever
   * backend is properly updated.
   */
  ecb_noinline
  void
  ev_io_closing (EV_P_ int fd) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    ev_io *w;
    if (fd < 0 || fd >= anfdmax)
      return;
  
    fd_kill(EV_A_ fd);
  }
  
  ecb_noinline
  void
  ev_timer_start (EV_P_ ev_timer *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    if (ecb_expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    ev_at (w) += mn_now;
  
    assert (("libev: ev_timer_start called with negative timer repeat value", w->repeat >= 0.));
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    ++timercnt;
    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, timercnt + HEAP0 - 1);
    array_needsize (ANHE, timers, timermax, ev_active (w) + 1, array_needsize_noinit);
    ANHE_w (timers [ev_active (w)]) = (WT)w;
    ANHE_at_cache (timers [ev_active (w)]);
    upheap (timers, ev_active (w));
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    /*assert (("libev: internal timer heap corruption", timers [ev_active (w)] == (WT)w));*/
  }
  
  ecb_noinline
  void
  ev_timer_stop (EV_P_ ev_timer *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (ecb_expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    {
      int active = ev_active (w);
  
      assert (("libev: internal timer heap corruption", ANHE_w (timers [active]) == (WT)w));
  
      --timercnt;
  
      if (ecb_expect_true (active < timercnt + HEAP0))
        {
          timers [active] = timers [timercnt + HEAP0];
          adjustheap (timers, timercnt, active);
        }
    }
  
    ev_at (w) -= mn_now;
  
    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  ecb_noinline
  void
  ev_timer_again (EV_P_ ev_timer *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    if (ev_is_active (w))
      {
        if (w->repeat)
          {
            ev_at (w) = mn_now + w->repeat;
            ANHE_at_cache (timers [ev_active (w)]);
            adjustheap (timers, timercnt, ev_active (w));
          }
        else
          ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ w);
      }
    else if (w->repeat)
      {
        ev_at (w) = w->repeat;
        ev_timer_start (EV_A_ w);
      }
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  ev_tstamp
  ev_timer_remaining (EV_P_ ev_timer *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    return ev_at (w) - (ev_is_active (w) ? mn_now : EV_TS_CONST (0.));
  }
  
  #if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
  ecb_noinline
  void
  ev_periodic_start (EV_P_ ev_periodic *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    if (ecb_expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
  #if EV_USE_TIMERFD
    if (timerfd == -2)
      evtimerfd_init (EV_A);
  #endif
  
    if (w->reschedule_cb)
      ev_at (w) = w->reschedule_cb (w, ev_rt_now);
    else if (w->interval)
      {
        assert (("libev: ev_periodic_start called with negative interval value", w->interval >= 0.));
        periodic_recalc (EV_A_ w);
      }
    else
      ev_at (w) = w->offset;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    ++periodiccnt;
    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, periodiccnt + HEAP0 - 1);
    array_needsize (ANHE, periodics, periodicmax, ev_active (w) + 1, array_needsize_noinit);
    ANHE_w (periodics [ev_active (w)]) = (WT)w;
    ANHE_at_cache (periodics [ev_active (w)]);
    upheap (periodics, ev_active (w));
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    /*assert (("libev: internal periodic heap corruption", ANHE_w (periodics [ev_active (w)]) == (WT)w));*/
  }
  
  ecb_noinline
  void
  ev_periodic_stop (EV_P_ ev_periodic *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (ecb_expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    {
      int active = ev_active (w);
  
      assert (("libev: internal periodic heap corruption", ANHE_w (periodics [active]) == (WT)w));
  
      --periodiccnt;
  
      if (ecb_expect_true (active < periodiccnt + HEAP0))
        {
          periodics [active] = periodics [periodiccnt + HEAP0];
          adjustheap (periodics, periodiccnt, active);
        }
    }
  
    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  ecb_noinline
  void
  ev_periodic_again (EV_P_ ev_periodic *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    /* TODO: use adjustheap and recalculation */
    ev_periodic_stop (EV_A_ w);
    ev_periodic_start (EV_A_ w);
  }
  #endif
  
  #ifndef SA_RESTART
  # define SA_RESTART 0
  #endif
  
  #if EV_SIGNAL_ENABLE
  
  ecb_noinline
  void
  ev_signal_start (EV_P_ ev_signal *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    if (ecb_expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    assert (("libev: ev_signal_start called with illegal signal number", w->signum > 0 && w->signum < EV_NSIG));
  
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
    assert (("libev: a signal must not be attached to two different loops",
             !signals [w->signum - 1].loop || signals [w->signum - 1].loop == loop));
  
    signals [w->signum - 1].loop = EV_A;
    ECB_MEMORY_FENCE_RELEASE;
  #endif
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
  #if EV_USE_SIGNALFD
    if (sigfd == -2)
      {
        sigfd = signalfd (-1, &sigfd_set, SFD_NONBLOCK | SFD_CLOEXEC);
        if (sigfd < 0 && errno == EINVAL)
          sigfd = signalfd (-1, &sigfd_set, 0); /* retry without flags */
  
        if (sigfd >= 0)
          {
            fd_intern (sigfd); /* doing it twice will not hurt */
  
            sigemptyset (&sigfd_set);
  
            ev_io_init (&sigfd_w, sigfdcb, sigfd, EV_READ);
            ev_set_priority (&sigfd_w, EV_MAXPRI);
            ev_io_start (EV_A_ &sigfd_w);
            ev_unref (EV_A); /* signalfd watcher should not keep loop alive */
          }
      }
  
    if (sigfd >= 0)
      {
        /* TODO: check .head */
        sigaddset (&sigfd_set, w->signum);
        sigprocmask (SIG_BLOCK, &sigfd_set, 0);
  
        signalfd (sigfd, &sigfd_set, 0);
      }
  #endif
  
    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
    wlist_add (&signals [w->signum - 1].head, (WL)w);
  
    if (!((WL)w)->next)
  # if EV_USE_SIGNALFD
      if (sigfd < 0) /*TODO*/
  # endif
        {
  # ifdef _WIN32
          evpipe_init (EV_A);
  
          signal (w->signum, ev_sighandler);
  # else
          struct sigaction sa;
  
          evpipe_init (EV_A);
  
          sa.sa_handler = ev_sighandler;
          sigfillset (&sa.sa_mask);
          sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART; /* if restarting works we save one iteration */
          sigaction (w->signum, &sa, 0);
  
          if (origflags & EVFLAG_NOSIGMASK)
            {
              sigemptyset (&sa.sa_mask);
              sigaddset (&sa.sa_mask, w->signum);
              sigprocmask (SIG_UNBLOCK, &sa.sa_mask, 0);
            }
  #endif
        }
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  ecb_noinline
  void
  ev_signal_stop (EV_P_ ev_signal *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (ecb_expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    wlist_del (&signals [w->signum - 1].head, (WL)w);
    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    if (!signals [w->signum - 1].head)
      {
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
        signals [w->signum - 1].loop = 0; /* unattach from signal */
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_SIGNALFD
        if (sigfd >= 0)
          {
            sigset_t ss;
  
            sigemptyset (&ss);
            sigaddset (&ss, w->signum);
            sigdelset (&sigfd_set, w->signum);
  
            signalfd (sigfd, &sigfd_set, 0);
            sigprocmask (SIG_UNBLOCK, &ss, 0);
          }
        else
  #endif
          signal (w->signum, SIG_DFL);
      }
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  #endif
  
  #if EV_CHILD_ENABLE
  
  void
  ev_child_start (EV_P_ ev_child *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
    assert (("libev: child watchers are only supported in the default loop", loop == ev_default_loop_ptr));
  #endif
    if (ecb_expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
    wlist_add (&childs [w->pid & ((EV_PID_HASHSIZE) - 1)], (WL)w);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void
  ev_child_stop (EV_P_ ev_child *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (ecb_expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    wlist_del (&childs [w->pid & ((EV_PID_HASHSIZE) - 1)], (WL)w);
    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  #endif
  
  #if EV_STAT_ENABLE
  
  # ifdef _WIN32
  #  undef lstat
  #  define lstat(a,b) _stati64 (a,b)
  # endif
  
  #define DEF_STAT_INTERVAL  5.0074891
  #define NFS_STAT_INTERVAL 30.1074891 /* for filesystems potentially failing inotify */
  #define MIN_STAT_INTERVAL  0.1074891
  
  ecb_noinline static void stat_timer_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w_, int revents);
  
  #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
  
  /* the * 2 is to allow for alignment padding, which for some reason is >> 8 */
  # define EV_INOTIFY_BUFSIZE (sizeof (struct inotify_event) * 2 + NAME_MAX)
  
  ecb_noinline
  static void
  infy_add (EV_P_ ev_stat *w)
  {
    w->wd = inotify_add_watch (fs_fd, w->path,
                               IN_ATTRIB | IN_DELETE_SELF | IN_MOVE_SELF | IN_MODIFY
                               | IN_CREATE | IN_DELETE | IN_MOVED_FROM | IN_MOVED_TO
                               | IN_DONT_FOLLOW | IN_MASK_ADD);
  
    if (w->wd >= 0)
      {
        struct statfs sfs;
  
        /* now local changes will be tracked by inotify, but remote changes won't */
        /* unless the filesystem is known to be local, we therefore still poll */
        /* also do poll on <2.6.25, but with normal frequency */
  
        if (!fs_2625)
          w->timer.repeat = w->interval ? w->interval : DEF_STAT_INTERVAL;
        else if (!statfs (w->path, &sfs)
                 && (sfs.f_type == 0x1373 /* devfs */
                     || sfs.f_type == 0x4006 /* fat */
                     || sfs.f_type == 0x4d44 /* msdos */
                     || sfs.f_type == 0xEF53 /* ext2/3 */
                     || sfs.f_type == 0x72b6 /* jffs2 */
                     || sfs.f_type == 0x858458f6 /* ramfs */
                     || sfs.f_type == 0x5346544e /* ntfs */
                     || sfs.f_type == 0x3153464a /* jfs */
                     || sfs.f_type == 0x9123683e /* btrfs */
                     || sfs.f_type == 0x52654973 /* reiser3 */
                     || sfs.f_type == 0x01021994 /* tmpfs */
                     || sfs.f_type == 0x58465342 /* xfs */))
          w->timer.repeat = 0.; /* filesystem is local, kernel new enough */
        else
          w->timer.repeat = w->interval ? w->interval : NFS_STAT_INTERVAL; /* remote, use reduced frequency */
      }
    else
      {
        /* can't use inotify, continue to stat */
        w->timer.repeat = w->interval ? w->interval : DEF_STAT_INTERVAL;
  
        /* if path is not there, monitor some parent directory for speedup hints */
        /* note that exceeding the hardcoded path limit is not a correctness issue, */
        /* but an efficiency issue only */
        if ((errno == ENOENT || errno == EACCES) && strlen (w->path) < 4096)
          {
            char path [4096];
            strcpy (path, w->path);
  
            do
              {
                int mask = IN_MASK_ADD | IN_DELETE_SELF | IN_MOVE_SELF
                         | (errno == EACCES ? IN_ATTRIB : IN_CREATE | IN_MOVED_TO);
  
                char *pend = strrchr (path, '/');
  
                if (!pend || pend == path)
                  break;
  
                *pend = 0;
                w->wd = inotify_add_watch (fs_fd, path, mask);
              }
            while (w->wd < 0 && (errno == ENOENT || errno == EACCES));
          }
      }
  
    if (w->wd >= 0)
      wlist_add (&fs_hash [w->wd & ((EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE) - 1)].head, (WL)w);
  
    /* now re-arm timer, if required */
    if (ev_is_active (&w->timer)) ev_ref (EV_A);
    ev_timer_again (EV_A_ &w->timer);
    if (ev_is_active (&w->timer)) ev_unref (EV_A);
  }
  
  ecb_noinline
  static void
  infy_del (EV_P_ ev_stat *w)
  {
    int slot;
    int wd = w->wd;
  
    if (wd < 0)
      return;
  
    w->wd = -2;
    slot = wd & ((EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE) - 1);
    wlist_del (&fs_hash [slot].head, (WL)w);
  
    /* remove this watcher, if others are watching it, they will rearm */
    inotify_rm_watch (fs_fd, wd);
  }
  
  ecb_noinline
  static void
  infy_wd (EV_P_ int slot, int wd, struct inotify_event *ev)
  {
    if (slot < 0)
      /* overflow, need to check for all hash slots */
      for (slot = 0; slot < (EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE); ++slot)
        infy_wd (EV_A_ slot, wd, ev);
    else
      {
        WL w_;
  
        for (w_ = fs_hash [slot & ((EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE) - 1)].head; w_; )
          {
            ev_stat *w = (ev_stat *)w_;
            w_ = w_->next; /* lets us remove this watcher and all before it */
  
            if (w->wd == wd || wd == -1)
              {
                if (ev->mask & (IN_IGNORED | IN_UNMOUNT | IN_DELETE_SELF))
                  {
                    wlist_del (&fs_hash [slot & ((EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE) - 1)].head, (WL)w);
                    w->wd = -1;
                    infy_add (EV_A_ w); /* re-add, no matter what */
                  }
  
                stat_timer_cb (EV_A_ &w->timer, 0);
              }
          }
      }
  }
  
  static void
  infy_cb (EV_P_ ev_io *w, int revents)
  {
    char buf [EV_INOTIFY_BUFSIZE];
    int ofs;
    int len = read (fs_fd, buf, sizeof (buf));
  
    for (ofs = 0; ofs < len; )
      {
        struct inotify_event *ev = (struct inotify_event *)(buf + ofs);
        infy_wd (EV_A_ ev->wd, ev->wd, ev);
        ofs += sizeof (struct inotify_event) + ev->len;
      }
  }
  
  inline_size ecb_cold
  void
  ev_check_2625 (EV_P)
  {
    /* kernels < 2.6.25 are borked
     * http://www.ussg.indiana.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0711.3/1208.html
     */
    if (ev_linux_version () < 0x020619)
      return;
  
    fs_2625 = 1;
  }
  
  inline_size int
  infy_newfd (void)
  {
  #if defined IN_CLOEXEC && defined IN_NONBLOCK
    int fd = inotify_init1 (IN_CLOEXEC | IN_NONBLOCK);
    if (fd >= 0)
      return fd;
  #endif
    return inotify_init ();
  }
  
  inline_size void
  infy_init (EV_P)
  {
    if (fs_fd != -2)
      return;
  
    fs_fd = -1;
  
    ev_check_2625 (EV_A);
  
    fs_fd = infy_newfd ();
  
    if (fs_fd >= 0)
      {
        fd_intern (fs_fd);
        ev_io_init (&fs_w, infy_cb, fs_fd, EV_READ);
        ev_set_priority (&fs_w, EV_MAXPRI);
        ev_io_start (EV_A_ &fs_w);
        ev_unref (EV_A);
      }
  }
  
  inline_size void
  infy_fork (EV_P)
  {
    int slot;
  
    if (fs_fd < 0)
      return;
  
    ev_ref (EV_A);
    ev_io_stop (EV_A_ &fs_w);
    close (fs_fd);
    fs_fd = infy_newfd ();
  
    if (fs_fd >= 0)
      {
        fd_intern (fs_fd);
        ev_io_set (&fs_w, fs_fd, EV_READ);
        ev_io_start (EV_A_ &fs_w);
        ev_unref (EV_A);
      }
  
    for (slot = 0; slot < (EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE); ++slot)
      {
        WL w_ = fs_hash [slot].head;
        fs_hash [slot].head = 0;
  
        while (w_)
          {
            ev_stat *w = (ev_stat *)w_;
            w_ = w_->next; /* lets us add this watcher */
  
            w->wd = -1;
  
            if (fs_fd >= 0)
              infy_add (EV_A_ w); /* re-add, no matter what */
            else
              {
                w->timer.repeat = w->interval ? w->interval : DEF_STAT_INTERVAL;
                if (ev_is_active (&w->timer)) ev_ref (EV_A);
                ev_timer_again (EV_A_ &w->timer);
                if (ev_is_active (&w->timer)) ev_unref (EV_A);
              }
          }
      }
  }
  
  #endif
  
  #ifdef _WIN32
  # define EV_LSTAT(p,b) _stati64 (p, b)
  #else
  # define EV_LSTAT(p,b) lstat (p, b)
  #endif
  
  void
  ev_stat_stat (EV_P_ ev_stat *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    if (lstat (w->path, &w->attr) < 0)
      w->attr.st_nlink = 0;
    else if (!w->attr.st_nlink)
      w->attr.st_nlink = 1;
  }
  
  ecb_noinline
  static void
  stat_timer_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w_, int revents)
  {
    ev_stat *w = (ev_stat *)(((char *)w_) - offsetof (ev_stat, timer));
  
    ev_statdata prev = w->attr;
    ev_stat_stat (EV_A_ w);
  
    /* memcmp doesn't work on netbsd, they.... do stuff to their struct stat */
    if (
      prev.st_dev      != w->attr.st_dev
      || prev.st_ino   != w->attr.st_ino
      || prev.st_mode  != w->attr.st_mode
      || prev.st_nlink != w->attr.st_nlink
      || prev.st_uid   != w->attr.st_uid
      || prev.st_gid   != w->attr.st_gid
      || prev.st_rdev  != w->attr.st_rdev
      || prev.st_size  != w->attr.st_size
      || prev.st_atime != w->attr.st_atime
      || prev.st_mtime != w->attr.st_mtime
      || prev.st_ctime != w->attr.st_ctime
  # if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIM
      || prev.st_atim.tv_nsec != w->attr.st_atim.tv_nsec
      || prev.st_mtim.tv_nsec != w->attr.st_mtim.tv_nsec
      || prev.st_ctim.tv_nsec != w->attr.st_ctim.tv_nsec
  # elif HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_MTIMENSEC
      || prev.st_atimensec != w->attr.st_atimensec
      || prev.st_mtimensec != w->attr.st_mtimensec
      || prev.st_ctimensec != w->attr.st_ctimensec
  # endif
    ) {
        /* we only update w->prev on actual differences */
        /* in case we test more often than invoke the callback, */
        /* to ensure that prev is always different to attr */
        w->prev = prev;
  
        #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
          if (fs_fd >= 0)
            {
              infy_del (EV_A_ w);
              infy_add (EV_A_ w);
              ev_stat_stat (EV_A_ w); /* avoid race... */
            }
        #endif
  
        ev_feed_event (EV_A_ w, EV_STAT);
      }
  }
  
  void
  ev_stat_start (EV_P_ ev_stat *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    if (ecb_expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    ev_stat_stat (EV_A_ w);
  
    if (w->interval < MIN_STAT_INTERVAL && w->interval)
      w->interval = MIN_STAT_INTERVAL;
  
    ev_timer_init (&w->timer, stat_timer_cb, 0., w->interval ? w->interval : DEF_STAT_INTERVAL);
    ev_set_priority (&w->timer, ev_priority (w));
  
  #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
    infy_init (EV_A);
  
    if (fs_fd >= 0)
      infy_add (EV_A_ w);
    else
  #endif
      {
        ev_timer_again (EV_A_ &w->timer);
        ev_unref (EV_A);
      }
  
    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void
  ev_stat_stop (EV_P_ ev_stat *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (ecb_expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
  #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
    infy_del (EV_A_ w);
  #endif
  
    if (ev_is_active (&w->timer))
      {
        ev_ref (EV_A);
        ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ &w->timer);
      }
  
    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
  void
  ev_idle_start (EV_P_ ev_idle *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    if (ecb_expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    pri_adjust (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    {
      int active = ++idlecnt [ABSPRI (w)];
  
      ++idleall;
      ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, active);
  
      array_needsize (ev_idle *, idles [ABSPRI (w)], idlemax [ABSPRI (w)], active, array_needsize_noinit);
      idles [ABSPRI (w)][active - 1] = w;
    }
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void
  ev_idle_stop (EV_P_ ev_idle *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (ecb_expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    {
      int active = ev_active (w);
  
      idles [ABSPRI (w)][active - 1] = idles [ABSPRI (w)][--idlecnt [ABSPRI (w)]];
      ev_active (idles [ABSPRI (w)][active - 1]) = active;
  
      ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
      --idleall;
    }
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_PREPARE_ENABLE
  void
  ev_prepare_start (EV_P_ ev_prepare *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    if (ecb_expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, ++preparecnt);
    array_needsize (ev_prepare *, prepares, preparemax, preparecnt, array_needsize_noinit);
    prepares [preparecnt - 1] = w;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void
  ev_prepare_stop (EV_P_ ev_prepare *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (ecb_expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    {
      int active = ev_active (w);
  
      prepares [active - 1] = prepares [--preparecnt];
      ev_active (prepares [active - 1]) = active;
    }
  
    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_CHECK_ENABLE
  void
  ev_check_start (EV_P_ ev_check *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    if (ecb_expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, ++checkcnt);
    array_needsize (ev_check *, checks, checkmax, checkcnt, array_needsize_noinit);
    checks [checkcnt - 1] = w;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void
  ev_check_stop (EV_P_ ev_check *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (ecb_expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    {
      int active = ev_active (w);
  
      checks [active - 1] = checks [--checkcnt];
      ev_active (checks [active - 1]) = active;
    }
  
    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_EMBED_ENABLE
  ecb_noinline
  void
  ev_embed_sweep (EV_P_ ev_embed *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    ev_run (w->other, EVRUN_NOWAIT);
  }
  
  static void
  embed_io_cb (EV_P_ ev_io *io, int revents)
  {
    ev_embed *w = (ev_embed *)(((char *)io) - offsetof (ev_embed, io));
  
    if (ev_cb (w))
      ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_EMBED);
    else
      ev_run (w->other, EVRUN_NOWAIT);
  }
  
  static void
  embed_prepare_cb (EV_P_ ev_prepare *prepare, int revents)
  {
    ev_embed *w = (ev_embed *)(((char *)prepare) - offsetof (ev_embed, prepare));
  
    {
      EV_P = w->other;
  
      while (fdchangecnt)
        {
          fd_reify (EV_A);
          ev_run (EV_A_ EVRUN_NOWAIT);
        }
    }
  }
  
  #if EV_FORK_ENABLE
  static void
  embed_fork_cb (EV_P_ ev_fork *fork_w, int revents)
  {
    ev_embed *w = (ev_embed *)(((char *)fork_w) - offsetof (ev_embed, fork));
  
    ev_embed_stop (EV_A_ w);
  
    {
      EV_P = w->other;
  
      ev_loop_fork (EV_A);
      ev_run (EV_A_ EVRUN_NOWAIT);
    }
  
    ev_embed_start (EV_A_ w);
  }
  #endif
  
  #if 0
  static void
  embed_idle_cb (EV_P_ ev_idle *idle, int revents)
  {
    ev_idle_stop (EV_A_ idle);
  }
  #endif
  
  void
  ev_embed_start (EV_P_ ev_embed *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    if (ecb_expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    {
      EV_P = w->other;
      assert (("libev: loop to be embedded is not embeddable", backend & ev_embeddable_backends ()));
      ev_io_init (&w->io, embed_io_cb, backend_fd, EV_READ);
    }
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    ev_set_priority (&w->io, ev_priority (w));
    ev_io_start (EV_A_ &w->io);
  
    ev_prepare_init (&w->prepare, embed_prepare_cb);
    ev_set_priority (&w->prepare, EV_MINPRI);
    ev_prepare_start (EV_A_ &w->prepare);
  
  #if EV_FORK_ENABLE
    ev_fork_init (&w->fork, embed_fork_cb);
    ev_fork_start (EV_A_ &w->fork);
  #endif
  
    /*ev_idle_init (&w->idle, e,bed_idle_cb);*/
  
    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void
  ev_embed_stop (EV_P_ ev_embed *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (ecb_expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    ev_io_stop      (EV_A_ &w->io);
    ev_prepare_stop (EV_A_ &w->prepare);
  #if EV_FORK_ENABLE
    ev_fork_stop    (EV_A_ &w->fork);
  #endif
  
    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_FORK_ENABLE
  void
  ev_fork_start (EV_P_ ev_fork *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    if (ecb_expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, ++forkcnt);
    array_needsize (ev_fork *, forks, forkmax, forkcnt, array_needsize_noinit);
    forks [forkcnt - 1] = w;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void
  ev_fork_stop (EV_P_ ev_fork *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (ecb_expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    {
      int active = ev_active (w);
  
      forks [active - 1] = forks [--forkcnt];
      ev_active (forks [active - 1]) = active;
    }
  
    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_CLEANUP_ENABLE
  void
  ev_cleanup_start (EV_P_ ev_cleanup *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    if (ecb_expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, ++cleanupcnt);
    array_needsize (ev_cleanup *, cleanups, cleanupmax, cleanupcnt, array_needsize_noinit);
    cleanups [cleanupcnt - 1] = w;
  
    /* cleanup watchers should never keep a refcount on the loop */
    ev_unref (EV_A);
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void
  ev_cleanup_stop (EV_P_ ev_cleanup *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (ecb_expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
    ev_ref (EV_A);
  
    {
      int active = ev_active (w);
  
      cleanups [active - 1] = cleanups [--cleanupcnt];
      ev_active (cleanups [active - 1]) = active;
    }
  
    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
  void
  ev_async_start (EV_P_ ev_async *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    if (ecb_expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    w->sent = 0;
  
    evpipe_init (EV_A);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, ++asynccnt);
    array_needsize (ev_async *, asyncs, asyncmax, asynccnt, array_needsize_noinit);
    asyncs [asynccnt - 1] = w;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void
  ev_async_stop (EV_P_ ev_async *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (ecb_expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    {
      int active = ev_active (w);
  
      asyncs [active - 1] = asyncs [--asynccnt];
      ev_active (asyncs [active - 1]) = active;
    }
  
    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void
  ev_async_send (EV_P_ ev_async *w) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    w->sent = 1;
    evpipe_write (EV_A_ &async_pending);
  }
  #endif
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  struct ev_once
  {
    ev_io io;
    ev_timer to;
    void (*cb)(int revents, void *arg);
    void *arg;
  };
  
  static void
  once_cb (EV_P_ struct ev_once *once, int revents)
  {
    void (*cb)(int revents, void *arg) = once->cb;
    void *arg = once->arg;
  
    ev_io_stop    (EV_A_ &once->io);
    ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ &once->to);
    ev_free (once);
  
    cb (revents, arg);
  }
  
  static void
  once_cb_io (EV_P_ ev_io *w, int revents)
  {
    struct ev_once *once = (struct ev_once *)(((char *)w) - offsetof (struct ev_once, io));
  
    once_cb (EV_A_ once, revents | ev_clear_pending (EV_A_ &once->to));
  }
  
  static void
  once_cb_to (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
  {
    struct ev_once *once = (struct ev_once *)(((char *)w) - offsetof (struct ev_once, to));
  
    once_cb (EV_A_ once, revents | ev_clear_pending (EV_A_ &once->io));
  }
  
  void
  ev_once (EV_P_ int fd, int events, ev_tstamp timeout, void (*cb)(int revents, void *arg), void *arg) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    struct ev_once *once = (struct ev_once *)ev_malloc (sizeof (struct ev_once));
  
    once->cb  = cb;
    once->arg = arg;
  
    ev_init (&once->io, once_cb_io);
    if (fd >= 0)
      {
        ev_io_set (&once->io, fd, events);
        ev_io_start (EV_A_ &once->io);
      }
  
    ev_init (&once->to, once_cb_to);
    if (timeout >= 0.)
      {
        ev_timer_set (&once->to, timeout, 0.);
        ev_timer_start (EV_A_ &once->to);
      }
  }
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  #if EV_WALK_ENABLE
  ecb_cold
  void
  ev_walk (EV_P_ int types, void (*cb)(EV_P_ int type, void *w)) EV_NOEXCEPT
  {
    int i, j;
    ev_watcher_list *wl, *wn;
  
    if (types & (EV_IO | EV_EMBED))
      for (i = 0; i < anfdmax; ++i)
        for (wl = anfds [i].head; wl; )
          {
            wn = wl->next;
  
  #if EV_EMBED_ENABLE
            if (ev_cb ((ev_io *)wl) == embed_io_cb)
              {
                if (types & EV_EMBED)
                  cb (EV_A_ EV_EMBED, ((char *)wl) - offsetof (struct ev_embed, io));
              }
            else
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
            if (ev_cb ((ev_io *)wl) == infy_cb)
              ;
            else
  #endif
            if ((ev_io *)wl != &pipe_w)
              if (types & EV_IO)
                cb (EV_A_ EV_IO, wl);
  
            wl = wn;
          }
  
    if (types & (EV_TIMER | EV_STAT))
      for (i = timercnt + HEAP0; i-- > HEAP0; )
  #if EV_STAT_ENABLE
        /*TODO: timer is not always active*/
        if (ev_cb ((ev_timer *)ANHE_w (timers [i])) == stat_timer_cb)
          {
            if (types & EV_STAT)
              cb (EV_A_ EV_STAT, ((char *)ANHE_w (timers [i])) - offsetof (struct ev_stat, timer));
          }
        else
  #endif
        if (types & EV_TIMER)
          cb (EV_A_ EV_TIMER, ANHE_w (timers [i]));
  
  #if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
    if (types & EV_PERIODIC)
      for (i = periodiccnt + HEAP0; i-- > HEAP0; )
        cb (EV_A_ EV_PERIODIC, ANHE_w (periodics [i]));
  #endif
  
  #if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
    if (types & EV_IDLE)
      for (j = NUMPRI; j--; )
        for (i = idlecnt [j]; i--; )
          cb (EV_A_ EV_IDLE, idles [j][i]);
  #endif
  
  #if EV_FORK_ENABLE
    if (types & EV_FORK)
      for (i = forkcnt; i--; )
        if (ev_cb (forks [i]) != embed_fork_cb)
          cb (EV_A_ EV_FORK, forks [i]);
  #endif
  
  #if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
    if (types & EV_ASYNC)
      for (i = asynccnt; i--; )
        cb (EV_A_ EV_ASYNC, asyncs [i]);
  #endif
  
  #if EV_PREPARE_ENABLE
    if (types & EV_PREPARE)
      for (i = preparecnt; i--; )
  # if EV_EMBED_ENABLE
        if (ev_cb (prepares [i]) != embed_prepare_cb)
  # endif
          cb (EV_A_ EV_PREPARE, prepares [i]);
  #endif
  
  #if EV_CHECK_ENABLE
    if (types & EV_CHECK)
      for (i = checkcnt; i--; )
        cb (EV_A_ EV_CHECK, checks [i]);
  #endif
  
  #if EV_SIGNAL_ENABLE
    if (types & EV_SIGNAL)
      for (i = 0; i < EV_NSIG - 1; ++i)
        for (wl = signals [i].head; wl; )
          {
            wn = wl->next;
            cb (EV_A_ EV_SIGNAL, wl);
            wl = wn;
          }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_CHILD_ENABLE
    if (types & EV_CHILD)
      for (i = (EV_PID_HASHSIZE); i--; )
        for (wl = childs [i]; wl; )
          {
            wn = wl->next;
            cb (EV_A_ EV_CHILD, wl);
            wl = wn;
          }
  #endif
  /* EV_STAT     0x00001000 /* stat data changed */
  /* EV_EMBED    0x00010000 /* embedded event loop needs sweep */
  }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
    #include "ev_wrap.h"
  #endif
  
  