text: /* Cydia Substrate - Powerful Code Insertion Platform
   * Copyright (C) 2008-2019  Jay Freeman (saurik)
  */
  
  /*
   *        Redistribution and use in source and binary
   * forms, with or without modification, are permitted
   * provided that the following conditions are met:
   *
   * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the
   *    above copyright notice, this list of conditions
   *    and the following disclaimer.
   * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the
   *    above copyright notice, this list of conditions
   *    and the following disclaimer in the documentation
   *    and/or other materials provided with the
   *    distribution.
   * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse
   *    or promote products derived from this software
   *    without specific prior written permission.
   *
   * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS''
   * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING,
   * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
   * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
   * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE
   * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
   * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
   * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
   * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
   * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
   * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR
   * TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
   * ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
   * ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  */
  
  #ifndef SUBSTRATE_H_
  #define SUBSTRATE_H_
  
  #ifdef __APPLE__
  #ifdef __cplusplus
  extern "C" {
  #endif
  #include <mach-o/nlist.h>
  #ifdef __cplusplus
  }
  #endif
  
  #include <objc/runtime.h>
  #include <objc/message.h>
  #endif
  
  #include <stdbool.h>
  #include <stdlib.h>
  
  #include <sys/types.h>
  
  #define _finline \
      inline __attribute__((__always_inline__))
  #define _disused \
      __attribute__((__unused__))
  
  #ifdef __cplusplus
  #define _default(value) = value
  #else
  #define _default(value)
  #endif
  
  #ifdef __cplusplus
  extern "C" {
  #endif
  
  typedef const struct MSImage *MSImageRef;
  
  #ifdef __APPLE__
  #ifndef __LP64__
  typedef struct mach_header MSImageHeader;
  #else
  typedef struct mach_header_64 MSImageHeader;
  #endif
  #else
  typedef void MSImageHeader;
  #endif
  
  MSImageRef MSMapImage(const char *file);
  const MSImageHeader *MSImageAddress(MSImageRef image);
  void MSCloseImage(MSImageRef);
  
  MSImageRef MSGetImageByName(const char *file);
  
  void *MSFindSymbol(MSImageRef image, const char *name);
  char *MSFindAddress(MSImageRef image, void **address);
  
  void MSHookFunction(void *symbol, void *replace, void **result);
  void MSHookMemory(void *target, const void *data, size_t size);
  
  #ifdef __APPLE__
  #ifdef __arm__
  __attribute__((__deprecated__))
  IMP MSHookMessage(Class _class, SEL sel, IMP imp, const char *prefix _default(NULL));
  #endif
  void MSHookMessageEx(Class _class, SEL sel, IMP imp, IMP *result);
  void MSHookClassPair(Class target, Class hook, Class old);
  #endif
  
  #ifdef __ANDROID__
  #include <jni.h>
  void MSJavaHookClassLoad(JNIEnv *jni, const char *name, void (*callback)(JNIEnv *, jclass, void *), void *data _default(NULL));
  void MSJavaHookMethod(JNIEnv *jni, jclass _class, jmethodID methodID, void *function, void **result);
  void MSJavaBlessClassLoader(JNIEnv *jni, jobject loader);
  
  typedef struct MSJavaObjectKey_ *MSJavaObjectKey;
  MSJavaObjectKey MSJavaCreateObjectKey();
  void MSJavaReleaseObjectKey(MSJavaObjectKey key);
  void *MSJavaGetObjectKey(JNIEnv *jni, jobject object, MSJavaObjectKey key);
  void MSJavaSetObjectKey(JNIEnv *jni, jobject object, MSJavaObjectKey key, void *value, void (*clean)(void *, JNIEnv *, void *) _default(NULL), void *data _default(NULL));
  #endif
  
  #ifdef __cplusplus
  }
  #endif
  
  #ifdef __APPLE__
  
  #define MSHookInterface(target, hook, base) \
  @class target; \
  @interface $ ## hook : base { target *$self; } @end \
  @implementation $ ## hook \
  + (void) initialize {} \
  @end \
  @interface hook : $ ## hook @end \
  @implementation hook (MS) + (void) load { \
      MSHookClassPair(objc_getClass(#target), self, class_getSuperclass(self)); \
  } @end
  
  #define MSSelf ((__typeof__($self)) self)
  
  #endif
  
  #ifdef __cplusplus
  
  #ifdef __APPLE__
  
  namespace etl {
  
  template <unsigned Case_>
  struct Case {
      static char value[Case_ + 1];
  };
  
  typedef Case<true> Yes;
  typedef Case<false> No;
  
  namespace be {
      template <typename Checked_>
      static Yes CheckClass_(void (Checked_::*)());
  
      template <typename Checked_>
      static No CheckClass_(...);
  }
  
  template <typename Type_>
  struct IsClass {
      void gcc32();
  
      static const bool value = (sizeof(be::CheckClass_<Type_>(0).value) == sizeof(Yes::value));
  };
  
  }
  
  #ifdef __arm__
  template <typename Type_>
  __attribute__((__deprecated__))
  static inline Type_ *MSHookMessage(Class _class, SEL sel, Type_ *imp, const char *prefix = NULL) {
      return reinterpret_cast<Type_ *>(MSHookMessage(_class, sel, reinterpret_cast<IMP>(imp), prefix));
  }
  #endif
  
  template <typename Type_>
  static inline void MSHookMessage(Class _class, SEL sel, Type_ *imp, Type_ **result) {
      return MSHookMessageEx(_class, sel, reinterpret_cast<IMP>(imp), reinterpret_cast<IMP *>(result));
  }
  
  template <typename Type_>
  static inline Type_ &MSHookIvar(id self, const char *name) {
      Ivar ivar(class_getInstanceVariable(object_getClass(self), name));
      void *pointer(ivar == NULL ? NULL : reinterpret_cast<char *>(
  #if __has_feature(objc_arc)
          (__bridge void *)
  #endif
      self) + ivar_getOffset(ivar));
      return *reinterpret_cast<Type_ *>(pointer);
  }
  
  #define MSAddMessage0(_class, type, arg0) \
      class_addMethod($ ## _class, @selector(arg0), (IMP) &$ ## _class ## $ ## arg0, type);
  #define MSAddMessage1(_class, type, arg0) \
      class_addMethod($ ## _class, @selector(arg0:), (IMP) &$ ## _class ## $ ## arg0 ## $, type);
  #define MSAddMessage2(_class, type, arg0, arg1) \
      class_addMethod($ ## _class, @selector(arg0:arg1:), (IMP) &$ ## _class ## $ ## arg0 ## $ ## arg1 ## $, type);
  #define MSAddMessage3(_class, type, arg0, arg1, arg2) \
      class_addMethod($ ## _class, @selector(arg0:arg1:arg2:), (IMP) &$ ## _class ## $ ## arg0 ## $ ## arg1 ## $ ## arg2 ## $, type);
  #define MSAddMessage4(_class, type, arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3) \
      class_addMethod($ ## _class, @selector(arg0:arg1:arg2:arg3:), (IMP) &$ ## _class ## $ ## arg0 ## $ ## arg1 ## $ ## arg2 ## $ ## arg3 ## $, type);
  #define MSAddMessage5(_class, type, arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4) \
      class_addMethod($ ## _class, @selector(arg0:arg1:arg2:arg3:arg4:), (IMP) &$ ## _class ## $ ## arg0 ## $ ## arg1 ## $ ## arg2 ## $ ## arg3 ## $ ## arg4 ## $, type);
  #define MSAddMessage6(_class, type, arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5) \
      class_addMethod($ ## _class, @selector(arg0:arg1:arg2:arg3:arg4:arg5:), (IMP) &$ ## _class ## $ ## arg0 ## $ ## arg1 ## $ ## arg2 ## $ ## arg3 ## $ ## arg4 ## $ ## arg5 ## $, type);
  #define MSAddMessage7(_class, type, arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, arg6) \
      class_addMethod($ ## _class, @selector(arg0:arg1:arg2:arg3:arg4:arg5:arg6:), (IMP) &$ ## _class ## $ ## arg0 ## $ ## arg1 ## $ ## arg2 ## $ ## arg3 ## $ ## arg4 ## $ ## arg5 ## $ $$ arg6 ## $, type);
  #define MSAddMessage8(_class, type, arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, arg6, arg7) \
      class_addMethod($ ## _class, @selector(arg0:arg1:arg2:arg3:arg4:arg5:arg6:arg7:), (IMP) &$ ## _class ## $ ## arg0 ## $ ## arg1 ## $ ## arg2 ## $ ## arg3 ## $ ## arg4 ## $ ## arg5 ## $ $$ arg6 ## $ ## arg7 ## $, type);
  
  #define MSHookMessage0(_class, arg0) \
      MSHookMessage($ ## _class, @selector(arg0), MSHake(_class ## $ ## arg0))
  #define MSHookMessage1(_class, arg0) \
      MSHookMessage($ ## _class, @selector(arg0:), MSHake(_class ## $ ## arg0 ## $))
  #define MSHookMessage2(_class, arg0, arg1) \
      MSHookMessage($ ## _class, @selector(arg0:arg1:), MSHake(_class ## $ ## arg0 ## $ ## arg1 ## $))
  #define MSHookMessage3(_class, arg0, arg1, arg2) \
      MSHookMessage($ ## _class, @selector(arg0:arg1:arg2:), MSHake(_class ## $ ## arg0 ## $ ## arg1 ## $ ## arg2 ## $))
  #define MSHookMessage4(_class, arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3) \
      MSHookMessage($ ## _class, @selector(arg0:arg1:arg2:arg3:), MSHake(_class ## $ ## arg0 ## $ ## arg1 ## $ ## arg2 ## $ ## arg3 ## $))
  #define MSHookMessage5(_class, arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4) \
      MSHookMessage($ ## _class, @selector(arg0:arg1:arg2:arg3:arg4:), MSHake(_class ## $ ## arg0 ## $ ## arg1 ## $ ## arg2 ## $ ## arg3 ## $ ## arg4 ## $))
  #define MSHookMessage6(_class, arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5) \
      MSHookMessage($ ## _class, @selector(arg0:arg1:arg2:arg3:arg4:arg5:), MSHake(_class ## $ ## arg0 ## $ ## arg1 ## $ ## arg2 ## $ ## arg3 ## $ ## arg4 ## $ ## arg5 ## $))
  #define MSHookMessage7(_class, arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, arg6) \
      MSHookMessage($ ## _class, @selector(arg0:arg1:arg2:arg3:arg4:arg5:arg6:), MSHake(_class ## $ ## arg0 ## $ ## arg1 ## $ ## arg2 ## $ ## arg3 ## $ ## arg4 ## $ ## arg5 ## $ ## arg6 ## $))
  #define MSHookMessage8(_class, arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, arg6, arg7) \
      MSHookMessage($ ## _class, @selector(arg0:arg1:arg2:arg3:arg4:arg5:arg6:arg7:), MSHake(_class ## $ ## arg0 ## $ ## arg1 ## $ ## arg2 ## $ ## arg3 ## $ ## arg4 ## $ ## arg5 ## $ ## arg6 ## $ ## arg7 ## $))
  
  #define MSRegister_(name, dollar, colon) \
      namespace { static class C_$ ## name ## $ ## dollar { public: _finline C_$ ## name ## $ ##dollar() { \
          MSHookMessage($ ## name, @selector(colon), MSHake(name ## $ ## dollar)); \
      } } V_$ ## name ## $ ## dollar; } \
  
  #define MSIgnore_(name, dollar, colon)
  
  #ifdef __arm64__
  #define MS_objc_msgSendSuper_stret objc_msgSendSuper
  #else
  #define MS_objc_msgSendSuper_stret objc_msgSendSuper_stret
  #endif
  
  #define MSMessage_(extra, type, _class, name, dollar, colon, call, args...) \
      static type _$ ## name ## $ ## dollar(Class _cls, type (*_old)(_class, SEL, ## args, ...), type (*_spr)(struct objc_super *, SEL, ## args, ...), _class self, SEL _cmd, ## args); \
      MSHook(type, name ## $ ## dollar, _class self, SEL _cmd, ## args) { \
          Class const _cls($ ## name); \
          type (* const _old)(_class, SEL, ## args, ...) = reinterpret_cast<type (* const)(_class, SEL, ## args, ...)>(_ ## name ## $ ## dollar); \
          typedef type (*msgSendSuper_t)(struct objc_super *, SEL, ## args, ...); \
          msgSendSuper_t const _spr(::etl::IsClass<type>::value ? reinterpret_cast<msgSendSuper_t>(&MS_objc_msgSendSuper_stret) : reinterpret_cast<msgSendSuper_t>(&objc_msgSendSuper)); \
          return _$ ## name ## $ ## dollar call; \
      } \
      extra(name, dollar, colon) \
      static _finline type _$ ## name ## $ ## dollar(Class _cls, type (*_old)(_class, SEL, ## args, ...), type (*_spr)(struct objc_super *, SEL, ## args, ...), _class self, SEL _cmd, ## args)
  
  /* for((x=1;x!=7;++x)){ echo -n "#define MSMessage${x}_(extra, type, _class, name";for((y=0;y!=x;++y));do echo -n ", sel$y";done;for((y=0;y!=x;++y));do echo -n ", type$y, arg$y";done;echo ") \\";echo -n "    MSMessage_(extra, type, _class, name,";for((y=0;y!=x;++y));do if [[ $y -ne 0 ]];then echo -n " ##";fi;echo -n " sel$y ## $";done;echo -n ", ";for((y=0;y!=x;++y));do echo -n "sel$y:";done;echo -n ", (_cls, _old, _spr, self, _cmd";for((y=0;y!=x;++y));do echo -n ", arg$y";done;echo -n ")";for((y=0;y!=x;++y));do echo -n ", type$y arg$y";done;echo ")";} */
  
  #define MSMessage0_(extra, type, _class, name, sel0) \
      MSMessage_(extra, type, _class, name, sel0, sel0, (_cls, _old, _spr, self, _cmd))
  #define MSMessage1_(extra, type, _class, name, sel0, type0, arg0) \
      MSMessage_(extra, type, _class, name, sel0 ## $, sel0:, (_cls, _old, _spr, self, _cmd, arg0), type0 arg0)
  #define MSMessage2_(extra, type, _class, name, sel0, sel1, type0, arg0, type1, arg1) \
      MSMessage_(extra, type, _class, name, sel0 ## $ ## sel1 ## $, sel0:sel1:, (_cls, _old, _spr, self, _cmd, arg0, arg1), type0 arg0, type1 arg1)
  #define MSMessage3_(extra, type, _class, name, sel0, sel1, sel2, type0, arg0, type1, arg1, type2, arg2) \
      MSMessage_(extra, type, _class, name, sel0 ## $ ## sel1 ## $ ## sel2 ## $, sel0:sel1:sel2:, (_cls, _old, _spr, self, _cmd, arg0, arg1, arg2), type0 arg0, type1 arg1, type2 arg2)
  #define MSMessage4_(extra, type, _class, name, sel0, sel1, sel2, sel3, type0, arg0, type1, arg1, type2, arg2, type3, arg3) \
      MSMessage_(extra, type, _class, name, sel0 ## $ ## sel1 ## $ ## sel2 ## $ ## sel3 ## $, sel0:sel1:sel2:sel3:, (_cls, _old, _spr, self, _cmd, arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3), type0 arg0, type1 arg1, type2 arg2, type3 arg3)
  #define MSMessage5_(extra, type, _class, name, sel0, sel1, sel2, sel3, sel4, type0, arg0, type1, arg1, type2, arg2, type3, arg3, type4, arg4) \
      MSMessage_(extra, type, _class, name, sel0 ## $ ## sel1 ## $ ## sel2 ## $ ## sel3 ## $ ## sel4 ## $, sel0:sel1:sel2:sel3:sel4:, (_cls, _old, _spr, self, _cmd, arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4), type0 arg0, type1 arg1, type2 arg2, type3 arg3, type4 arg4)
  #define MSMessage6_(extra, type, _class, name, sel0, sel1, sel2, sel3, sel4, sel5, type0, arg0, type1, arg1, type2, arg2, type3, arg3, type4, arg4, type5, arg5) \
      MSMessage_(extra, type, _class, name, sel0 ## $ ## sel1 ## $ ## sel2 ## $ ## sel3 ## $ ## sel4 ## $ ## sel5 ## $, sel0:sel1:sel2:sel3:sel4:sel5:, (_cls, _old, _spr, self, _cmd, arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5), type0 arg0, type1 arg1, type2 arg2, type3 arg3, type4 arg4, type5 arg5)
  #define MSMessage7_(extra, type, _class, name, sel0, sel1, sel2, sel3, sel4, sel5, sel6, type0, arg0, type1, arg1, type2, arg2, type3, arg3, type4, arg4, type5, arg5, type6, arg6) \
      MSMessage_(extra, type, _class, name, sel0 ## $ ## sel1 ## $ ## sel2 ## $ ## sel3 ## $ ## sel4 ## $ ## sel5 ## $ ## sel6 ## $, sel0:sel1:sel2:sel3:sel4:sel5:sel6:, (_cls, _old, _spr, self, _cmd, arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, arg6), type0 arg0, type1 arg1, type2 arg2, type3 arg3, type4 arg4, type5 arg5, type6 arg6)
  #define MSMessage8_(extra, type, _class, name, sel0, sel1, sel2, sel3, sel4, sel5, sel6, sel7, type0, arg0, type1, arg1, type2, arg2, type3, arg3, type4, arg4, type5, arg5, type6, arg6, type7, arg7) \
      MSMessage_(extra, type, _class, name, sel0 ## $ ## sel1 ## $ ## sel2 ## $ ## sel3 ## $ ## sel4 ## $ ## sel5 ## $ ## sel6 ## $ ## sel7 ## $, sel0:sel1:sel2:sel3:sel4:sel5:sel6:sel7:, (_cls, _old, _spr, self, _cmd, arg0, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, arg6, arg7), type0 arg0, type1 arg1, type2 arg2, type3 arg3, type4 arg4, type5 arg5, type6 arg6, type7 arg7)
  
  #define MSInstanceMessage0(type, _class, args...) MSMessage0_(MSIgnore_, type, _class *, _class, ## args)
  #define MSInstanceMessage1(type, _class, args...) MSMessage1_(MSIgnore_, type, _class *, _class, ## args)
  #define MSInstanceMessage2(type, _class, args...) MSMessage2_(MSIgnore_, type, _class *, _class, ## args)
  #define MSInstanceMessage3(type, _class, args...) MSMessage3_(MSIgnore_, type, _class *, _class, ## args)
  #define MSInstanceMessage4(type, _class, args...) MSMessage4_(MSIgnore_, type, _class *, _class, ## args)
  #define MSInstanceMessage5(type, _class, args...) MSMessage5_(MSIgnore_, type, _class *, _class, ## args)
  #define MSInstanceMessage6(type, _class, args...) MSMessage6_(MSIgnore_, type, _class *, _class, ## args)
  #define MSInstanceMessage7(type, _class, args...) MSMessage7_(MSIgnore_, type, _class *, _class, ## args)
  #define MSInstanceMessage8(type, _class, args...) MSMessage8_(MSIgnore_, type, _class *, _class, ## args)
  
  #define MSClassMessage0(type, _class, args...) MSMessage0_(MSIgnore_, type, Class, $ ## _class, ## args)
  #define MSClassMessage1(type, _class, args...) MSMessage1_(MSIgnore_, type, Class, $ ## _class, ## args)
  #define MSClassMessage2(type, _class, args...) MSMessage2_(MSIgnore_, type, Class, $ ## _class, ## args)
  #define MSClassMessage3(type, _class, args...) MSMessage3_(MSIgnore_, type, Class, $ ## _class, ## args)
  #define MSClassMessage4(type, _class, args...) MSMessage4_(MSIgnore_, type, Class, $ ## _class, ## args)
  #define MSClassMessage5(type, _class, args...) MSMessage5_(MSIgnore_, type, Class, $ ## _class, ## args)
  #define MSClassMessage6(type, _class, args...) MSMessage6_(MSIgnore_, type, Class, $ ## _class, ## args)
  #define MSClassMessage7(type, _class, args...) MSMessage7_(MSIgnore_, type, Class, $ ## _class, ## args)
  #define MSClassMessage8(type, _class, args...) MSMessage8_(MSIgnore_, type, Class, $ ## _class, ## args)
  
  #define MSInstanceMessageHook0(type, _class, args...) MSMessage0_(MSRegister_, type, _class *, _class, ## args)
  #define MSInstanceMessageHook1(type, _class, args...) MSMessage1_(MSRegister_, type, _class *, _class, ## args)
  #define MSInstanceMessageHook2(type, _class, args...) MSMessage2_(MSRegister_, type, _class *, _class, ## args)
  #define MSInstanceMessageHook3(type, _class, args...) MSMessage3_(MSRegister_, type, _class *, _class, ## args)
  #define MSInstanceMessageHook4(type, _class, args...) MSMessage4_(MSRegister_, type, _class *, _class, ## args)
  #define MSInstanceMessageHook5(type, _class, args...) MSMessage5_(MSRegister_, type, _class *, _class, ## args)
  #define MSInstanceMessageHook6(type, _class, args...) MSMessage6_(MSRegister_, type, _class *, _class, ## args)
  #define MSInstanceMessageHook7(type, _class, args...) MSMessage7_(MSRegister_, type, _class *, _class, ## args)
  #define MSInstanceMessageHook8(type, _class, args...) MSMessage8_(MSRegister_, type, _class *, _class, ## args)
  
  #define MSClassMessageHook0(type, _class, args...) MSMessage0_(MSRegister_, type, Class, $ ## _class, ## args)
  #define MSClassMessageHook1(type, _class, args...) MSMessage1_(MSRegister_, type, Class, $ ## _class, ## args)
  #define MSClassMessageHook2(type, _class, args...) MSMessage2_(MSRegister_, type, Class, $ ## _class, ## args)
  #define MSClassMessageHook3(type, _class, args...) MSMessage3_(MSRegister_, type, Class, $ ## _class, ## args)
  #define MSClassMessageHook4(type, _class, args...) MSMessage4_(MSRegister_, type, Class, $ ## _class, ## args)
  #define MSClassMessageHook5(type, _class, args...) MSMessage5_(MSRegister_, type, Class, $ ## _class, ## args)
  #define MSClassMessageHook6(type, _class, args...) MSMessage6_(MSRegister_, type, Class, $ ## _class, ## args)
  #define MSClassMessageHook7(type, _class, args...) MSMessage7_(MSRegister_, type, Class, $ ## _class, ## args)
  #define MSClassMessageHook8(type, _class, args...) MSMessage8_(MSRegister_, type, Class, $ ## _class, ## args)
  
  #define MSOldCall(args...) \
      _old(self, _cmd, ## args)
  #define MSSuperCall(args...) \
      _spr((struct objc_super[1]) {{self, class_getSuperclass(_cls)}}, _cmd, ## args)
  
  #define MSIvarHook(type, name) \
      type &name(MSHookIvar<type>(self, #name))
  
  #define MSClassHook(name) \
      @class name; \
      static Class $ ## name = objc_getClass(#name);
  #define MSMetaClassHook(name) \
      @class name; \
      static Class $$ ## name = object_getClass($ ## name);
  
  #endif/*__APPLE__*/
  
  template <typename Type_>
  static inline void MSHookFunction(Type_ *symbol, Type_ *replace, Type_ **result) {
      return MSHookFunction(
          reinterpret_cast<void *>(symbol),
          reinterpret_cast<void *>(replace),
          reinterpret_cast<void **>(result)
      );
  }
  
  template <typename Type_>
  static inline void MSHookFunction(Type_ *symbol, Type_ *replace) {
      return MSHookFunction(symbol, replace, reinterpret_cast<Type_ **>(NULL));
  }
  
  template <typename Type_>
  static inline void MSHookSymbol(Type_ *&value, const char *name, MSImageRef image = NULL) {
      value = reinterpret_cast<Type_ *>(MSFindSymbol(image, name));
  }
  
  template <typename Type_>
  static inline void MSHookFunction(const char *name, Type_ *replace, Type_ **result = NULL) {
      Type_ *symbol;
      MSHookSymbol(symbol, name);
      return MSHookFunction(symbol, replace, result);
  }
  
  template <typename Type_>
  static inline void MSHookFunction(MSImageRef image, const char *name, Type_ *replace, Type_ **result = NULL) {
      Type_ *symbol;
      MSHookSymbol(symbol, name, image);
      return MSHookFunction(symbol, replace, result);
  }
  
  template <typename Type_>
  static inline void MSHookMemory(Type_ *target, const void *data, size_t size) {
      return MSHookMemory(reinterpret_cast<void *>(target), data, size);
  }
  
  #endif
  
  // g++ versions before 4.7 define __cplusplus to 1
  // http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=1773
  #if __cplusplus >= 201103L || defined(__GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__)
  
  #ifdef __ANDROID__
  
  template <typename Type_, typename Kind_, typename... Args_>
  static inline void MSJavaHookMethod(JNIEnv *jni, jclass _class, jmethodID method, Type_ (*replace)(JNIEnv *, Kind_, Args_...), Type_ (**result)(JNIEnv *, Kind_, ...)) {
      return MSJavaHookMethod(
          jni, _class, method,
          reinterpret_cast<void *>(replace),
          reinterpret_cast<void **>(result)
      );
  }
  
  #endif
  
  #endif
  
  #ifdef __ANDROID__
  
  #ifdef __cplusplus
  
  static inline void MSAndroidGetPackage(JNIEnv *jni, jobject global, const char *name, jobject &local, jobject &loader) {
      jclass Context(jni->FindClass("android/content/Context"));
      jmethodID Context$createPackageContext(jni->GetMethodID(Context, "createPackageContext", "(Ljava/lang/String;I)Landroid/content/Context;"));
      jmethodID Context$getClassLoader(jni->GetMethodID(Context, "getClassLoader", "()Ljava/lang/ClassLoader;"));
  
      jstring string(jni->NewStringUTF(name));
      local = jni->CallObjectMethod(global, Context$createPackageContext, string, 3);
      loader = jni->CallObjectMethod(local, Context$getClassLoader);
  }
  
  static inline jclass MSJavaFindClass(JNIEnv *jni, jobject loader, const char *name) {
      jclass Class(jni->FindClass("java/lang/Class"));
      jmethodID Class$forName(jni->GetStaticMethodID(Class, "forName", "(Ljava/lang/String;ZLjava/lang/ClassLoader;)Ljava/lang/Class;"));
  
      jstring string(jni->NewStringUTF(name));
      jobject _class(jni->CallStaticObjectMethod(Class, Class$forName, string, JNI_TRUE, loader));
  
      if (jni->ExceptionCheck()) {
          jni->ExceptionClear();
          return NULL;
      }
  
      return reinterpret_cast<jclass>(_class);
  }
  
  _disused static void MSJavaCleanWeak(void *data, JNIEnv *jni, void *value) {
      jni->DeleteWeakGlobalRef(reinterpret_cast<jweak>(value));
  }
  
  #endif
  
  #endif
  
  #define MSHook(type, name, args...) \
      _disused static type (*_ ## name)(args); \
      static type $ ## name(args)
  
  #define MSJavaHook(type, name, arg0, args...) \
      _disused static type (*_ ## name)(JNIEnv *jni, arg0, ...); \
      static type $ ## name(JNIEnv *jni, arg0, ## args)
  
  #ifdef __cplusplus
  #define MSHake(name) \
      &$ ## name, &_ ## name
  #else
  #define MSHake(name) \
      &$ ## name, (void **) &_ ## name
  #endif
  
  #define SubstrateConcat_(lhs, rhs) \
      lhs ## rhs
  #define SubstrateConcat(lhs, rhs) \
      SubstrateConcat_(lhs, rhs)
  
  #define SubstrateStringize(value) \
      #value
  
  #ifdef __APPLE__
      #define SubstrateSection \
          __attribute__((__section__("__TEXT, __substrate")))
  #else
      #define SubstrateSection \
          __attribute__((__section__(".substrate")))
  #endif
  
  #ifdef __APPLE__
  #define MSFilterCFBundleID "Filter:CFBundleID"
  #define MSFilterObjC_Class "Filter:ObjC.Class"
  #endif
  
  #ifdef __ANDROID__
  #define MSFilterLibrary "Filter:Library"
  #endif
  
  #define MSFilterCFVersion "Filter:CFVersion"
  #define MSFilterExecutable "Filter:Executable"
  
  #define MSConfig(name, value) \
      extern const char SubstrateConcat(_substrate_, __LINE__)[] SubstrateSection; \
      const char SubstrateConcat(_substrate_, __LINE__)[] SubstrateSection = name "=" value;
  
  #define MSConfigValue(name, value) \
      char SubstrateConcat(_substrate_MSConfigValue_Invalid_, __LINE__)[((double)value, 0)]; \
      const char SubstrateConcat(_substrate_, __LINE__)[] SubstrateSection = name "=" SubstrateStringize(value);
  
  #define MSConfigRange(name, lo, hi) \
      char SubstrateConcat(_substrate_MSConfigRange_Invalid_, __LINE__)[(double)lo <= (double)hi ? 0 : -1]; \
      MSConfig(name, SubstrateStringize(lo) "," SubstrateStringize(hi))
  
  #ifdef __cplusplus
  #define MSInitialize \
      static void SubstrateConcat(_MSInitialize, __LINE__)(void); \
      namespace { static class SubstrateConcat($MSInitialize, __LINE__) { public: _finline SubstrateConcat($MSInitialize, __LINE__)() { \
          SubstrateConcat(_MSInitialize, __LINE__)(); \
      } } SubstrateConcat($MSInitialize, __LINE__); } \
      static void SubstrateConcat(_MSInitialize, __LINE__)()
  #else
  #define MSInitialize \
      __attribute__((__constructor__)) static void SubstrateConcat(_MSInitialize, __LINE__)(void)
  #endif
  
  #define Foundation_f "/System/Library/Frameworks/Foundation.framework/Foundation"
  #define UIKit_f "/System/Library/Frameworks/UIKit.framework/UIKit"
  #define JavaScriptCore_f "/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/JavaScriptCore.framework/JavaScriptCore"
  #define IOKit_f "/System/Library/Frameworks/IOKit.framework/IOKit"
  
  #endif//SUBSTRATE_H_
  