text: /*
   * Copyright (c) 1997, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   *
   * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   *
   * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
   * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
   * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
   * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
   * accompanied this code).
   *
   * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
   * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
   * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
   *
   * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
   * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
   * questions.
   *
   */
  
  #ifndef SHARE_RUNTIME_GLOBALS_HPP
  #define SHARE_RUNTIME_GLOBALS_HPP
  
  #include "compiler/compiler_globals.hpp"
  #include "gc/shared/gc_globals.hpp"
  #include "runtime/globals_shared.hpp"
  #include "utilities/align.hpp"
  #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
  #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  #include CPU_HEADER(globals)
  #include OS_HEADER(globals)
  #include OS_CPU_HEADER(globals)
  
  // develop flags are settable / visible only during development and are constant in the PRODUCT version
  // product flags are always settable / visible
  // notproduct flags are settable / visible only during development and are not declared in the PRODUCT version
  
  // A flag must be declared with one of the following types:
  // bool, int, uint, intx, uintx, size_t, ccstr, ccstrlist, double, or uint64_t.
  // The type "ccstr" and "ccstrlist" are an alias for "const char*" and is used
  // only in this file, because the macrology requires single-token type names.
  
  // Note: Diagnostic options not meant for VM tuning or for product modes.
  // They are to be used for VM quality assurance or field diagnosis
  // of VM bugs.  They are hidden so that users will not be encouraged to
  // try them as if they were VM ordinary execution options.  However, they
  // are available in the product version of the VM.  Under instruction
  // from support engineers, VM customers can turn them on to collect
  // diagnostic information about VM problems.  To use a VM diagnostic
  // option, you must first specify +UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions.
  // (This master switch also affects the behavior of -Xprintflags.)
  //
  // experimental flags are in support of features that are not
  //    part of the officially supported product, but are available
  //    for experimenting with. They could, for example, be performance
  //    features that may not have undergone full or rigorous QA, but which may
  //    help performance in some cases and released for experimentation
  //    by the community of users and developers. This flag also allows one to
  //    be able to build a fully supported product that nonetheless also
  //    ships with some unsupported, lightly tested, experimental features.
  //    Like the UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions flag above, there is a corresponding
  //    UnlockExperimentalVMOptions flag, which allows the control and
  //    modification of the experimental flags.
  //
  // Nota bene: neither diagnostic nor experimental options should be used casually,
  //    and they are not supported on production loads, except under explicit
  //    direction from support engineers.
  //
  // manageable flags are writeable external product flags.
  //    They are dynamically writeable through the JDK management interface
  //    (com.sun.management.HotSpotDiagnosticMXBean API) and also through JConsole.
  //    These flags are external exported interface (see CCC).  The list of
  //    manageable flags can be queried programmatically through the management
  //    interface.
  //
  //    A flag can be made as "manageable" only if
  //    - the flag is defined in a CCC as an external exported interface.
  //    - the VM implementation supports dynamic setting of the flag.
  //      This implies that the VM must *always* query the flag variable
  //      and not reuse state related to the flag state at any given time.
  //    - you want the flag to be queried programmatically by the customers.
  //
  // product_rw flags are writeable internal product flags.
  //    They are like "manageable" flags but for internal/private use.
  //    The list of product_rw flags are internal/private flags which
  //    may be changed/removed in a future release.  It can be set
  //    through the management interface to get/set value
  //    when the name of flag is supplied.
  //
  //    A flag can be made as "product_rw" only if
  //    - the VM implementation supports dynamic setting of the flag.
  //      This implies that the VM must *always* query the flag variable
  //      and not reuse state related to the flag state at any given time.
  //
  // Note that when there is a need to support develop flags to be writeable,
  // it can be done in the same way as product_rw.
  //
  // range is a macro that will expand to min and max arguments for range
  //    checking code if provided - see jvmFlagRangeList.hpp
  //
  // constraint is a macro that will expand to custom function call
  //    for constraint checking if provided - see jvmFlagConstraintList.hpp
  //
  // writeable is a macro that controls if and how the value can change during the runtime
  //
  // writeable(Always) is optional and allows the flag to have its value changed
  //    without any limitations at any time
  //
  // writeable(Once) flag value's can be only set once during the lifetime of VM
  //
  // writeable(CommandLineOnly) flag value's can be only set from command line
  //    (multiple times allowed)
  //
  
  // Default and minimum StringTable and SymbolTable size values
  // Must be powers of 2
  const size_t defaultStringTableSize = NOT_LP64(1024) LP64_ONLY(65536);
  const size_t minimumStringTableSize = 128;
  const size_t defaultSymbolTableSize = 32768; // 2^15
  const size_t minimumSymbolTableSize = 1024;
  
  #define RUNTIME_FLAGS(develop, \
                        develop_pd, \
                        product, \
                        product_pd, \
                        diagnostic, \
                        diagnostic_pd, \
                        experimental, \
                        notproduct, \
                        manageable, \
                        product_rw, \
                        lp64_product, \
                        range, \
                        constraint, \
                        writeable) \
                                                                              \
    lp64_product(bool, UseCompressedOops, false,                              \
            "Use 32-bit object references in 64-bit VM. "                     \
            "lp64_product means flag is always constant in 32 bit VM")        \
                                                                              \
    lp64_product(bool, UseCompressedClassPointers, false,                     \
            "Use 32-bit class pointers in 64-bit VM. "                        \
            "lp64_product means flag is always constant in 32 bit VM")        \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, CheckCompressedOops, true,                               \
            "Generate checks in encoding/decoding code in debug VM")          \
                                                                              \
    product(uintx, HeapSearchSteps, 3 PPC64_ONLY(+17),                        \
            "Heap allocation steps through preferred address regions to find" \
            " where it can allocate the heap. Number of steps to take per "   \
            "region.")                                                        \
            range(1, max_uintx)                                               \
                                                                              \
    lp64_product(intx, ObjectAlignmentInBytes, 8,                             \
            "Default object alignment in bytes, 8 is minimum")                \
            range(8, 256)                                                     \
            constraint(ObjectAlignmentInBytesConstraintFunc,AtParse)          \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, CleanChunkPoolAsync, true,                                  \
            "Clean the chunk pool asynchronously")                            \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(bool, ThreadLocalHandshakes,                                   \
            "Use thread-local polls instead of global poll for safepoints.")  \
            constraint(ThreadLocalHandshakesConstraintFunc,AfterErgo)         \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(uint, HandshakeTimeout, 0,                                     \
            "If nonzero set a timeout in milliseconds for handshakes")        \
                                                                              \
    experimental(bool, AlwaysSafeConstructors, false,                         \
            "Force safe construction, as if all fields are final.")           \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions, trueInDebug,                  \
            "Enable normal processing of flags relating to field diagnostics")\
                                                                              \
    experimental(bool, UnlockExperimentalVMOptions, false,                    \
            "Enable normal processing of flags relating to experimental "     \
            "features")                                                       \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, JavaMonitorsInStackTrace, true,                             \
            "Print information about Java monitor locks when the stacks are"  \
            "dumped")                                                         \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(bool, UseLargePages,                                           \
            "Use large page memory")                                          \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(bool, UseLargePagesIndividualAllocation,                       \
            "Allocate large pages individually for better affinity")          \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, LargePagesIndividualAllocationInjectError, false,           \
            "Fail large pages individual allocation")                         \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseLargePagesInMetaspace, false,                            \
            "Use large page memory in metaspace. "                            \
            "Only used if UseLargePages is enabled.")                         \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseNUMA, false,                                             \
            "Use NUMA if available")                                          \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseNUMAInterleaving, false,                                 \
            "Interleave memory across NUMA nodes if available")               \
                                                                              \
    product(size_t, NUMAInterleaveGranularity, 2*M,                           \
            "Granularity to use for NUMA interleaving on Windows OS")         \
            range(os::vm_allocation_granularity(), NOT_LP64(2*G) LP64_ONLY(8192*G)) \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, ForceNUMA, false,                                           \
            "Force NUMA optimizations on single-node/UMA systems")            \
                                                                              \
    product(uintx, NUMAChunkResizeWeight, 20,                                 \
            "Percentage (0-100) used to weight the current sample when "      \
            "computing exponentially decaying average for "                   \
            "AdaptiveNUMAChunkSizing")                                        \
            range(0, 100)                                                     \
                                                                              \
    product(size_t, NUMASpaceResizeRate, 1*G,                                 \
            "Do not reallocate more than this amount per collection")         \
            range(0, max_uintx)                                               \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseAdaptiveNUMAChunkSizing, true,                           \
            "Enable adaptive chunk sizing for NUMA")                          \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, NUMAStats, false,                                           \
            "Print NUMA stats in detailed heap information")                  \
                                                                              \
    product(uintx, NUMAPageScanRate, 256,                                     \
            "Maximum number of pages to include in the page scan procedure")  \
            range(0, max_uintx)                                               \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, UseSSE, 99,                                                 \
            "Highest supported SSE instructions set on x86/x64")              \
            range(0, 99)                                                      \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseAES, false,                                              \
            "Control whether AES instructions are used when available")       \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseFMA, false,                                              \
            "Control whether FMA instructions are used when available")       \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseSHA, false,                                              \
            "Control whether SHA instructions are used when available")       \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, UseGHASHIntrinsics, false,                               \
            "Use intrinsics for GHASH versions of crypto")                    \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseBASE64Intrinsics, false,                                 \
            "Use intrinsics for java.util.Base64")                            \
                                                                              \
    product(size_t, LargePageSizeInBytes, 0,                                  \
            "Large page size (0 to let VM choose the page size)")             \
            range(0, max_uintx)                                               \
                                                                              \
    product(size_t, LargePageHeapSizeThreshold, 128*M,                        \
            "Use large pages if maximum heap is at least this big")           \
            range(0, max_uintx)                                               \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, ForceTimeHighResolution, false,                             \
            "Using high time resolution (for Win32 only)")                    \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TracePcPatching, false,                                     \
            "Trace usage of frame::patch_pc")                                 \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TraceRelocator, false,                                      \
            "Trace the bytecode relocator")                                   \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TraceLongCompiles, false,                                   \
            "Print out every time compilation is longer than "                \
            "a given threshold")                                              \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, SafepointALot, false,                                    \
            "Generate a lot of safepoints. This works with "                  \
            "GuaranteedSafepointInterval")                                    \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, HandshakeALot, false,                                    \
            "Generate a lot of handshakes. This works with "                  \
            "GuaranteedSafepointInterval")                                    \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(bool, BackgroundCompilation,                                   \
            "A thread requesting compilation is not blocked during "          \
            "compilation")                                                    \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, PrintVMQWaitTime, false,                                    \
            "Print out the waiting time in VM operation queue")               \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, MethodFlushing, true,                                       \
            "Reclamation of zombie and not-entrant methods")                  \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, VerifyStack, false,                                         \
            "Verify stack of each thread when it is entering a runtime call") \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, ForceUnreachable, false,                                 \
            "Make all non code cache addresses to be unreachable by "         \
            "forcing use of 64bit literal fixups")                            \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, StressDerivedPointers, false,                            \
            "Force scavenge when a derived pointer is detected on stack "     \
            "after rtm call")                                                 \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TraceDerivedPointers, false,                                \
            "Trace traversal of derived pointers on stack")                   \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, TraceCodeBlobStacks, false,                              \
            "Trace stack-walk of codeblobs")                                  \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, PrintJNIResolving, false,                                   \
            "Used to implement -v:jni")                                       \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, PrintRewrites, false,                                    \
            "Print methods that are being rewritten")                         \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseInlineCaches, true,                                      \
            "Use Inline Caches for virtual calls ")                           \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, InlineArrayCopy, true,                                   \
            "Inline arraycopy native that is known to be part of "            \
            "base library DLL")                                               \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, InlineObjectHash, true,                                  \
            "Inline Object::hashCode() native that is known to be part "      \
            "of base library DLL")                                            \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, InlineNatives, true,                                     \
            "Inline natives that are known to be part of base library DLL")   \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, InlineMathNatives, true,                                 \
            "Inline SinD, CosD, etc.")                                        \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, InlineClassNatives, true,                                \
            "Inline Class.isInstance, etc")                                   \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, InlineThreadNatives, true,                               \
            "Inline Thread.currentThread, etc")                               \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, InlineUnsafeOps, true,                                   \
            "Inline memory ops (native methods) from Unsafe")                 \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, CriticalJNINatives, true,                                   \
            "Check for critical JNI entry points")                            \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, StressCriticalJNINatives, false,                         \
            "Exercise register saving code in critical natives")              \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, UseAESIntrinsics, false,                                 \
            "Use intrinsics for AES versions of crypto")                      \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, UseAESCTRIntrinsics, false,                              \
            "Use intrinsics for the paralleled version of AES/CTR crypto")    \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, UseSHA1Intrinsics, false,                                \
            "Use intrinsics for SHA-1 crypto hash function. "                 \
            "Requires that UseSHA is enabled.")                               \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, UseSHA256Intrinsics, false,                              \
            "Use intrinsics for SHA-224 and SHA-256 crypto hash functions. "  \
            "Requires that UseSHA is enabled.")                               \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, UseSHA512Intrinsics, false,                              \
            "Use intrinsics for SHA-384 and SHA-512 crypto hash functions. "  \
            "Requires that UseSHA is enabled.")                               \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, UseCRC32Intrinsics, false,                               \
            "use intrinsics for java.util.zip.CRC32")                         \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, UseCRC32CIntrinsics, false,                              \
            "use intrinsics for java.util.zip.CRC32C")                        \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, UseAdler32Intrinsics, false,                             \
            "use intrinsics for java.util.zip.Adler32")                       \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, UseVectorizedMismatchIntrinsic, false,                   \
            "Enables intrinsification of ArraysSupport.vectorizedMismatch()") \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(ccstrlist, DisableIntrinsic, "",                               \
           "do not expand intrinsics whose (internal) names appear here")     \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TraceCallFixup, false,                                      \
            "Trace all call fixups")                                          \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, DeoptimizeALot, false,                                      \
            "Deoptimize at every exit from the runtime system")               \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(ccstrlist, DeoptimizeOnlyAt, "",                               \
            "A comma separated list of bcis to deoptimize at")                \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, DeoptimizeRandom, false,                                    \
            "Deoptimize random frames on random exit from the runtime system")\
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, ZombieALot, false,                                       \
            "Create zombies (non-entrant) at exit from the runtime system")   \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, WalkStackALot, false,                                    \
            "Trace stack (no print) at every exit from the runtime system")   \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, Debugging, false,                                           \
            "Set when executing debug methods in debug.cpp "                  \
            "(to prevent triggering assertions)")                             \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, StrictSafepointChecks, trueInDebug,                      \
            "Enable strict checks that safepoints cannot happen for threads " \
            "that use NoSafepointVerifier")                                   \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, VerifyLastFrame, false,                                  \
            "Verify oops on last frame on entry to VM")                       \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, SafepointTimeout, false,                                    \
            "Time out and warn or fail after SafepointTimeoutDelay "          \
            "milliseconds if failed to reach safepoint")                      \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, AbortVMOnSafepointTimeout, false,                        \
            "Abort upon failure to reach safepoint (see SafepointTimeout)")   \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, AbortVMOnVMOperationTimeout, false,                      \
            "Abort upon failure to complete VM operation promptly")           \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(intx, AbortVMOnVMOperationTimeoutDelay, 1000,                  \
            "Delay in milliseconds for option AbortVMOnVMOperationTimeout")   \
            range(0, max_intx)                                                \
                                                                              \
    /* 50 retries * (5 * current_retry_count) millis = ~6.375 seconds */      \
    /* typically, at most a few retries are needed                    */      \
    product(intx, SuspendRetryCount, 50,                                      \
            "Maximum retry count for an external suspend request")            \
            range(0, max_intx)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, SuspendRetryDelay, 5,                                       \
            "Milliseconds to delay per retry (* current_retry_count)")        \
            range(0, max_intx)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, AssertOnSuspendWaitFailure, false,                          \
            "Assert/Guarantee on external suspend wait failure")              \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, TraceSuspendWaitFailures, false,                            \
            "Trace external suspend wait failures")                           \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, MaxFDLimit, true,                                           \
            "Bump the number of file descriptors to maximum in Solaris")      \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, LogEvents, true,                                         \
            "Enable the various ring buffer event logs")                      \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(uintx, LogEventsBufferEntries, 20,                             \
            "Number of ring buffer event logs")                               \
            range(1, NOT_LP64(1*K) LP64_ONLY(1*M))                            \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true,                        \
            "Enable the Java bytecode verifier for remote classes")           \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false,                        \
            "Enable the Java bytecode verifier for local classes")            \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, ForceFloatExceptions, trueInDebug,                          \
            "Force exceptions on FP stack under/overflow")                    \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, VerifyStackAtCalls, false,                                  \
            "Verify that the stack pointer is unchanged after calls")         \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TraceJavaAssertions, false,                                 \
            "Trace java language assertions")                                 \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, VerifyCodeCache, false,                                  \
            "Verify code cache on memory allocation/deallocation")            \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, UseMallocOnly, false,                                       \
            "Use only malloc/free for allocation (no resource area/arena)")   \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, PrintMallocStatistics, false,                               \
            "Print malloc/free statistics")                                   \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, ZapResourceArea, trueInDebug,                               \
            "Zap freed resource/arena space with 0xABABABAB")                 \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, ZapVMHandleArea, trueInDebug,                            \
            "Zap freed VM handle space with 0xBCBCBCBC")                      \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, ZapStackSegments, trueInDebug,                           \
            "Zap allocated/freed stack segments with 0xFADFADED")             \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, ZapUnusedHeapArea, trueInDebug,                             \
            "Zap unused heap space with 0xBAADBABE")                          \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, CheckZapUnusedHeapArea, false,                              \
            "Check zapping of unused heap space")                             \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, ZapFillerObjects, trueInDebug,                              \
            "Zap filler objects with 0xDEAFBABE")                             \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, PrintVMMessages, true,                                      \
            "Print VM messages on console")                                   \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(uintx, ErrorHandlerTest, 0,                                    \
            "If > 0, provokes an error after VM initialization; the value "   \
            "determines which error to provoke. See test_error_handler() "    \
            "in vmError.cpp.")                                                \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(uintx, TestCrashInErrorHandler, 0,                             \
            "If > 0, provokes an error inside VM error handler (a secondary " \
            "crash). see test_error_handler() in vmError.cpp")                \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, TestSafeFetchInErrorHandler, false,                      \
            "If true, tests SafeFetch inside error handler.")                 \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, TestUnresponsiveErrorHandler, false,                     \
            "If true, simulates an unresponsive error handler.")              \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, Verbose, false,                                             \
            "Print additional debugging information from other modes")        \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, PrintMiscellaneous, false,                                  \
            "Print uncategorized debugging information (requires +Verbose)")  \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, WizardMode, false,                                          \
            "Print much more debugging information")                          \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, ShowMessageBoxOnError, false,                               \
            "Keep process alive on VM fatal error")                           \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, CreateCoredumpOnCrash, true,                                \
            "Create core/mini dump on VM fatal error")                        \
                                                                              \
    product(uint64_t, ErrorLogTimeout, 2 * 60,                                \
            "Timeout, in seconds, to limit the time spent on writing an "     \
            "error log in case of a crash.")                                  \
            range(0, (uint64_t)max_jlong/1000)                                \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(bool, UseOSErrorReporting,                                     \
            "Let VM fatal error propagate to the OS (ie. WER on Windows)")    \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, SuppressFatalErrorMessage, false,                           \
            "Report NO fatal error message (avoid deadlock)")                 \
                                                                              \
    product(ccstrlist, OnError, "",                                           \
            "Run user-defined commands on fatal error; see VMError.cpp "      \
            "for examples")                                                   \
                                                                              \
    product(ccstrlist, OnOutOfMemoryError, "",                                \
            "Run user-defined commands on first java.lang.OutOfMemoryError")  \
                                                                              \
    manageable(bool, HeapDumpBeforeFullGC, false,                             \
            "Dump heap to file before any major stop-the-world GC")           \
                                                                              \
    manageable(bool, HeapDumpAfterFullGC, false,                              \
            "Dump heap to file after any major stop-the-world GC")            \
                                                                              \
    manageable(bool, HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError, false,                       \
            "Dump heap to file when java.lang.OutOfMemoryError is thrown")    \
                                                                              \
    manageable(ccstr, HeapDumpPath, NULL,                                     \
            "When HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError is on, the path (filename or "   \
            "directory) of the dump file (defaults to java_pid<pid>.hprof "   \
            "in the working directory)")                                      \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, BreakAtWarning, false,                                      \
            "Execute breakpoint upon encountering VM warning")                \
                                                                              \
    product(ccstr, NativeMemoryTracking, "off",                               \
            "Native memory tracking options")                                 \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, PrintNMTStatistics, false,                               \
            "Print native memory tracking summary data if it is on")          \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, LogCompilation, false,                                   \
            "Log compilation activity in detail to LogFile")                  \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, PrintCompilation, false,                                    \
            "Print compilations")                                             \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, PrintExtendedThreadInfo, false,                             \
            "Print more information in thread dump")                          \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, TraceNMethodInstalls, false,                             \
            "Trace nmethod installation")                                     \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(intx, ScavengeRootsInCode, 2,                                  \
            "0: do not allow scavengable oops in the code cache; "            \
            "1: allow scavenging from the code cache; "                       \
            "2: emit as many constants as the compiler can see")              \
            range(0, 2)                                                       \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, AlwaysRestoreFPU, false,                                    \
            "Restore the FPU control word after every JNI call (expensive)")  \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, PrintCompilation2, false,                                \
            "Print additional statistics per compilation")                    \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, PrintAdapterHandlers, false,                             \
            "Print code generated for i2c/c2i adapters")                      \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, VerifyAdapterCalls, trueInDebug,                         \
            "Verify that i2c/c2i adapters are called properly")               \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, VerifyAdapterSharing, false,                                \
            "Verify that the code for shared adapters is the equivalent")     \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, PrintAssembly, false,                                    \
            "Print assembly code (using external disassembler.so)")           \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(ccstr, PrintAssemblyOptions, NULL,                             \
            "Print options string passed to disassembler.so")                 \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, PrintNMethodStatistics, false,                           \
            "Print a summary statistic for the generated nmethods")           \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, PrintNMethods, false,                                    \
            "Print assembly code for nmethods when generated")                \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, PrintNativeNMethods, false,                              \
            "Print assembly code for native nmethods when generated")         \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, PrintDebugInfo, false,                                      \
            "Print debug information for all nmethods when generated")        \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, PrintRelocations, false,                                    \
            "Print relocation information for all nmethods when generated")   \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, PrintDependencies, false,                                   \
            "Print dependency information for all nmethods when generated")   \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, PrintExceptionHandlers, false,                              \
            "Print exception handler tables for all nmethods when generated") \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, StressCompiledExceptionHandlers, false,                     \
            "Exercise compiled exception handlers")                           \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, InterceptOSException, false,                                \
            "Start debugger when an implicit OS (e.g. NULL) "                 \
            "exception happens")                                              \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, PrintCodeCache, false,                                      \
            "Print the code cache memory usage when exiting")                 \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, PrintCodeCache2, false,                                     \
            "Print detailed usage information on the code cache when exiting")\
                                                                              \
    product(bool, PrintCodeCacheOnCompilation, false,                         \
            "Print the code cache memory usage each time a method is "        \
            "compiled")                                                       \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, PrintCodeHeapAnalytics, false,                           \
            "Print code heap usage statistics on exit and on full condition") \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, PrintStubCode, false,                                    \
            "Print generated stub code")                                      \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, StackTraceInThrowable, true,                                \
            "Collect backtrace in throwable when exception happens")          \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, OmitStackTraceInFastThrow, true,                            \
            "Omit backtraces for some 'hot' exceptions in optimized code")    \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, PrintWarnings, true,                                        \
            "Print JVM warnings to output stream")                            \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(uintx, WarnOnStalledSpinLock, 0,                               \
            "Print warnings for stalled SpinLocks")                           \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, RegisterFinalizersAtInit, true,                             \
            "Register finalizable objects at end of Object.<init> or "        \
            "after allocation")                                               \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, RegisterReferences, true,                                   \
            "Tell whether the VM should register soft/weak/final/phantom "    \
            "references")                                                     \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, IgnoreRewrites, false,                                      \
            "Suppress rewrites of bytecodes in the oopmap generator. "        \
            "This is unsafe!")                                                \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, PrintCodeCacheExtension, false,                             \
            "Print extension of code cache")                                  \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, UsePrivilegedStack, true,                                   \
            "Enable the security JVM functions")                              \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, ProtectionDomainVerification, true,                         \
            "Verify protection domain before resolution in system dictionary")\
                                                                              \
    product(bool, ClassUnloading, true,                                       \
            "Do unloading of classes")                                        \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, ClassUnloadingWithConcurrentMark, true,                     \
            "Do unloading of classes with a concurrent marking cycle")        \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, DisableStartThread, false,                                  \
            "Disable starting of additional Java threads "                    \
            "(for debugging only)")                                           \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, MemProfiling, false,                                        \
            "Write memory usage profiling to log file")                       \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, PrintSystemDictionaryAtExit, false,                      \
            "Print the system dictionary at exit")                            \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, DynamicallyResizeSystemDictionaries, true,               \
            "Dynamically resize system dictionaries as needed")               \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, AlwaysLockClassLoader, false,                               \
            "Require the VM to acquire the class loader lock before calling " \
            "loadClass() even for class loaders registering "                 \
            "as parallel capable")                                            \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, AllowParallelDefineClass, false,                            \
            "Allow parallel defineClass requests for class loaders "          \
            "registering as parallel capable")                                \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(bool, DontYieldALot,                                           \
            "Throw away obvious excess yield calls")                          \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, UseDetachedThreads, true,                                   \
            "Use detached threads that are recycled upon termination "        \
            "(for Solaris only)")                                             \
                                                                              \
    experimental(bool, DisablePrimordialThreadGuardPages, false,              \
                 "Disable the use of stack guard pages if the JVM is loaded " \
                 "on the primordial process thread")                          \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseLWPSynchronization, true,                                \
            "Use LWP-based instead of libthread-based synchronization "       \
            "(SPARC only)")                                                   \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, MonitorBound, 0, "Bound Monitor population")                \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    experimental(intx, MonitorUsedDeflationThreshold, 90,                     \
                  "Percentage of used monitors before triggering cleanup "    \
                  "safepoint which deflates monitors (0 is off). "            \
                  "The check is performed on GuaranteedSafepointInterval.")   \
                  range(0, 100)                                               \
                                                                              \
    experimental(intx, hashCode, 5,                                           \
                 "(Unstable) select hashCode generation algorithm")           \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, FilterSpuriousWakeups, true,                                \
            "When true prevents OS-level spurious, or premature, wakeups "    \
            "from Object.wait (Ignored for Windows)")                         \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, UsePthreads, false,                                         \
            "Use pthread-based instead of libthread-based synchronization "   \
            "(SPARC only)")                                                   \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, ReduceSignalUsage, false,                                   \
            "Reduce the use of OS signals in Java and/or the VM")             \
                                                                              \
    develop_pd(bool, ShareVtableStubs,                                        \
            "Share vtable stubs (smaller code but worse branch prediction")   \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, LoadLineNumberTables, true,                                 \
            "Tell whether the class file parser loads line number tables")    \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, LoadLocalVariableTables, true,                              \
            "Tell whether the class file parser loads local variable tables") \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, LoadLocalVariableTypeTables, true,                          \
            "Tell whether the class file parser loads local variable type"    \
            "tables")                                                         \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, AllowUserSignalHandlers, false,                             \
            "Do not complain if the application installs signal handlers "    \
            "(Solaris & Linux only)")                                         \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseSignalChaining, true,                                    \
            "Use signal-chaining to invoke signal handlers installed "        \
            "by the application (Solaris & Linux only)")                      \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, AllowJNIEnvProxy, false,                                    \
            "(Deprecated) Allow JNIEnv proxies for jdbx")                     \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, RestoreMXCSROnJNICalls, false,                              \
            "Restore MXCSR when returning from JNI calls")                    \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, CheckJNICalls, false,                                       \
            "Verify all arguments to JNI calls")                              \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseFastJNIAccessors, true,                                  \
            "Use optimized versions of Get<Primitive>Field")                  \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, MaxJNILocalCapacity, 65536,                                 \
            "Maximum allowable local JNI handle capacity to "                 \
            "EnsureLocalCapacity() and PushLocalFrame(), "                    \
            "where <= 0 is unlimited, default: 65536")                        \
            range(min_intx, max_intx)                                         \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, EagerXrunInit, false,                                       \
            "Eagerly initialize -Xrun libraries; allows startup profiling, "  \
            "but not all -Xrun libraries may support the state of the VM "    \
            "at this time")                                                   \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, PreserveAllAnnotations, false,                              \
            "Preserve RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations as well "                   \
            "as RuntimeVisibleAnnotations")                                   \
                                                                              \
    develop(uintx, PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount, 4,                      \
            "Number of OutOfMemoryErrors preallocated with backtrace")        \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseXMMForArrayCopy, false,                                  \
            "Use SSE2 MOVQ instruction for Arraycopy")                        \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, FieldsAllocationStyle, 1,                                   \
            "0 - type based with oops first, "                                \
            "1 - with oops last, "                                            \
            "2 - oops in super and sub classes are together")                 \
            range(0, 2)                                                       \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, CompactFields, true,                                        \
            "Allocate nonstatic fields in gaps between previous fields")      \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, PrintFieldLayout, false,                                 \
            "Print field layout for each class")                              \
                                                                              \
    /* Need to limit the extent of the padding to reasonable size.          */\
    /* 8K is well beyond the reasonable HW cache line size, even with       */\
    /* aggressive prefetching, while still leaving the room for segregating */\
    /* among the distinct pages.                                            */\
    product(intx, ContendedPaddingWidth, 128,                                 \
            "How many bytes to pad the fields/classes marked @Contended with")\
            range(0, 8192)                                                    \
            constraint(ContendedPaddingWidthConstraintFunc,AfterErgo)         \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, EnableContended, true,                                      \
            "Enable @Contended annotation support")                           \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, RestrictContended, true,                                    \
            "Restrict @Contended to trusted classes")                         \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseBiasedLocking, true,                                     \
            "Enable biased locking in JVM")                                   \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, BiasedLockingStartupDelay, 0,                               \
            "Number of milliseconds to wait before enabling biased locking")  \
            range(0, (intx)(max_jint-(max_jint%PeriodicTask::interval_gran))) \
            constraint(BiasedLockingStartupDelayFunc,AfterErgo)               \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, PrintBiasedLockingStatistics, false,                     \
            "Print statistics of biased locking in JVM")                      \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, BiasedLockingBulkRebiasThreshold, 20,                       \
            "Threshold of number of revocations per type to try to "          \
            "rebias all objects in the heap of that type")                    \
            range(0, max_intx)                                                \
            constraint(BiasedLockingBulkRebiasThresholdFunc,AfterErgo)        \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, BiasedLockingBulkRevokeThreshold, 40,                       \
            "Threshold of number of revocations per type to permanently "     \
            "revoke biases of all objects in the heap of that type")          \
            range(0, max_intx)                                                \
            constraint(BiasedLockingBulkRevokeThresholdFunc,AfterErgo)        \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, BiasedLockingDecayTime, 25000,                              \
            "Decay time (in milliseconds) to re-enable bulk rebiasing of a "  \
            "type after previous bulk rebias")                                \
            range(500, max_intx)                                              \
            constraint(BiasedLockingDecayTimeFunc,AfterErgo)                  \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, ExitOnOutOfMemoryError, false,                              \
            "JVM exits on the first occurrence of an out-of-memory error")    \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, CrashOnOutOfMemoryError, false,                             \
            "JVM aborts, producing an error log and core/mini dump, on the "  \
            "first occurrence of an out-of-memory error")                     \
                                                                              \
    /* tracing */                                                             \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, StressRewriter, false,                                      \
            "Stress linktime bytecode rewriting")                             \
                                                                              \
    product(ccstr, TraceJVMTI, NULL,                                          \
            "Trace flags for JVMTI functions and events")                     \
                                                                              \
    /* This option can change an EMCP method into an obsolete method. */      \
    /* This can affect tests that except specific methods to be EMCP. */      \
    /* This option should be used with caution.                       */      \
    product(bool, StressLdcRewrite, false,                                    \
            "Force ldc -> ldc_w rewrite during RedefineClasses")              \
                                                                              \
    /* change to false by default sometime after Mustang */                   \
    product(bool, VerifyMergedCPBytecodes, true,                              \
            "Verify bytecodes after RedefineClasses constant pool merging")   \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, AllowRedefinitionToAddDeleteMethods, false,                 \
            "(Deprecated) Allow redefinition to add and delete private "      \
            "static or final methods for compatibility with old releases")    \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TraceBytecodes, false,                                      \
            "Trace bytecode execution")                                       \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TraceICs, false,                                            \
            "Trace inline cache changes")                                     \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, TraceInvocationCounterOverflow, false,                   \
            "Trace method invocation counter overflow")                       \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TraceInlineCacheClearing, false,                            \
            "Trace clearing of inline caches in nmethods")                    \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TraceDependencies, false,                                   \
            "Trace dependencies")                                             \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, VerifyDependencies, trueInDebug,                            \
            "Exercise and verify the compilation dependency mechanism")       \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TraceNewOopMapGeneration, false,                            \
            "Trace OopMapGeneration")                                         \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TraceNewOopMapGenerationDetailed, false,                    \
            "Trace OopMapGeneration: print detailed cell states")             \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TimeOopMap, false,                                          \
            "Time calls to GenerateOopMap::compute_map() in sum")             \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TimeOopMap2, false,                                         \
            "Time calls to GenerateOopMap::compute_map() individually")       \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TraceOopMapRewrites, false,                                 \
            "Trace rewriting of method oops during oop map generation")       \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TraceICBuffer, false,                                       \
            "Trace usage of IC buffer")                                       \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TraceCompiledIC, false,                                     \
            "Trace changes of compiled IC")                                   \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, FLSVerifyDictionary, false,                                 \
            "Do lots of (expensive) FLS dictionary verification")             \
                                                                              \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, CheckMemoryInitialization, false,                        \
            "Check memory initialization")                                    \
                                                                              \
    product(uintx, ProcessDistributionStride, 4,                              \
            "Stride through processors when distributing processes")          \
            range(0, max_juint)                                               \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TraceFinalizerRegistration, false,                          \
            "Trace registration of final references")                         \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, IgnoreEmptyClassPaths, false,                               \
            "Ignore empty path elements in -classpath")                       \
                                                                              \
    product(size_t, InitialBootClassLoaderMetaspaceSize,                      \
            NOT_LP64(2200*K) LP64_ONLY(4*M),                                  \
            "Initial size of the boot class loader data metaspace")           \
            range(30*K, max_uintx/BytesPerWord)                               \
            constraint(InitialBootClassLoaderMetaspaceSizeConstraintFunc, AfterErgo)\
                                                                              \
    product(bool, PrintHeapAtSIGBREAK, true,                                  \
            "Print heap layout in response to SIGBREAK")                      \
                                                                              \
    manageable(bool, PrintClassHistogram, false,                              \
            "Print a histogram of class instances")                           \
                                                                              \
    experimental(double, ObjectCountCutOffPercent, 0.5,                       \
            "The percentage of the used heap that the instances of a class "  \
            "must occupy for the class to generate a trace event")            \
            range(0.0, 100.0)                                                 \
                                                                              \
    /* JVMTI heap profiling */                                                \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, TraceJVMTIObjectTagging, false,                          \
            "Trace JVMTI object tagging calls")                               \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, VerifyBeforeIteration, false,                            \
            "Verify memory system before JVMTI iteration")                    \
                                                                              \
    /* compiler interface */                                                  \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, CIPrintCompilerName, false,                                 \
            "when CIPrint is active, print the name of the active compiler")  \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, CIPrintCompileQueue, false,                              \
            "display the contents of the compile queue whenever a "           \
            "compilation is enqueued")                                        \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, CIPrintRequests, false,                                     \
            "display every request for compilation")                          \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, CITime, false,                                              \
            "collect timing information for compilation")                     \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, CITimeVerbose, false,                                       \
            "be more verbose in compilation timings")                         \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, CITimeEach, false,                                          \
            "display timing information after each successful compilation")   \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, CICountOSR, false,                                          \
            "use a separate counter when assigning ids to osr compilations")  \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, CICompileNatives, true,                                     \
            "compile native methods if supported by the compiler")            \
                                                                              \
    develop_pd(bool, CICompileOSR,                                            \
            "compile on stack replacement methods if supported by the "       \
            "compiler")                                                       \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, CIPrintMethodCodes, false,                                  \
            "print method bytecodes of the compiled code")                    \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, CIPrintTypeFlow, false,                                     \
            "print the results of ciTypeFlow analysis")                       \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, CITraceTypeFlow, false,                                     \
            "detailed per-bytecode tracing of ciTypeFlow analysis")           \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, OSROnlyBCI, -1,                                             \
            "OSR only at this bci.  Negative values mean exclude that bci")   \
                                                                              \
    /* compiler */                                                            \
                                                                              \
    /* notice: the max range value here is max_jint, not max_intx  */         \
    /* because of overflow issue                                   */         \
    product(intx, CICompilerCount, CI_COMPILER_COUNT,                         \
            "Number of compiler threads to run")                              \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
            constraint(CICompilerCountConstraintFunc, AfterErgo)              \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseDynamicNumberOfCompilerThreads, true,                    \
            "Dynamically choose the number of parallel compiler threads")     \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, ReduceNumberOfCompilerThreads, true,                     \
               "Reduce the number of parallel compiler threads when they "    \
               "are not used")                                                \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, TraceCompilerThreads, false,                             \
               "Trace creation and removal of compiler threads")              \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, InjectCompilerCreationFailure, false,                       \
            "Inject thread creation failures for "                            \
            "UseDynamicNumberOfCompilerThreads")                              \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, CompilationPolicyChoice, 0,                                 \
            "which compilation policy (0-2)")                                 \
            range(0, 2)                                                       \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, UseStackBanging, true,                                      \
            "use stack banging for stack overflow checks (required for "      \
            "proper StackOverflow handling; disable only to measure cost "    \
            "of stackbanging)")                                               \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, UseStrictFP, true,                                          \
            "use strict fp if modifier strictfp is set")                      \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, GenerateSynchronizationCode, true,                          \
            "generate locking/unlocking code for synchronized methods and "   \
            "monitors")                                                       \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, GenerateRangeChecks, true,                                  \
            "Generate range checks for array accesses")                       \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic_pd(bool, ImplicitNullChecks,                                   \
            "Generate code for implicit null checks")                         \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(bool, TrapBasedNullChecks,                                     \
            "Generate code for null checks that uses a cmp and trap "         \
            "instruction raising SIGTRAP.  This is only used if an access to" \
            "null (+offset) will not raise a SIGSEGV, i.e.,"                  \
            "ImplicitNullChecks don't work (PPC64).")                         \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, EnableThreadSMRExtraValidityChecks, true,                \
               "Enable Thread SMR extra validity checks")                     \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, EnableThreadSMRStatistics, trueInDebug,                  \
               "Enable Thread SMR Statistics")                                \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, Inline, true,                                               \
            "Enable inlining")                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, ClipInlining, true,                                         \
            "Clip inlining if aggregate method exceeds DesiredMethodLimit")   \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, UseCHA, true,                                               \
            "Enable CHA")                                                     \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseTypeProfile, true,                                       \
            "Check interpreter profile for historically monomorphic calls")   \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, PrintInlining, false,                                    \
            "Print inlining optimizations")                                   \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UsePopCountInstruction, false,                              \
            "Use population count instruction")                               \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, EagerInitialization, false,                                 \
            "Eagerly initialize classes if possible")                         \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, LogTouchedMethods, false,                                \
            "Log methods which have been ever touched in runtime")            \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, PrintTouchedMethodsAtExit, false,                        \
            "Print all methods that have been ever touched in runtime")       \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TraceMethodReplacement, false,                              \
            "Print when methods are replaced do to recompilation")            \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, PrintMethodFlushing, false,                                 \
            "Print the nmethods being flushed")                               \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, PrintMethodFlushingStatistics, false,                    \
            "print statistics about method flushing")                         \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(intx, HotMethodDetectionLimit, 100000,                         \
            "Number of compiled code invocations after which "                \
            "the method is considered as hot by the flusher")                 \
            range(1, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(intx, MinPassesBeforeFlush, 10,                                \
            "Minimum number of sweeper passes before an nmethod "             \
            "can be flushed")                                                 \
            range(0, max_intx)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseCodeAging, true,                                         \
            "Insert counter to detect warm methods")                          \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, StressCodeAging, false,                                  \
            "Start with counters compiled in")                                \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, StressCodeBuffers, false,                                   \
            "Exercise code buffer expansion and other rare state changes")    \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, DebugNonSafepoints, trueInDebug,                         \
            "Generate extra debugging information for non-safepoints in "     \
            "nmethods")                                                       \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, PrintVMOptions, false,                                      \
            "Print flags that appeared on the command line")                  \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions, false,                         \
            "Ignore unrecognized VM options")                                 \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, PrintCommandLineFlags, false,                               \
            "Print flags specified on command line or set by ergonomics")     \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, PrintFlagsInitial, false,                                   \
            "Print all VM flags before argument processing and exit VM")      \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, PrintFlagsFinal, false,                                     \
            "Print all VM flags after argument and ergonomic processing")     \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, PrintFlagsWithComments, false,                           \
            "Print all VM flags with default values and descriptions and "    \
            "exit")                                                           \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, PrintFlagsRanges, false,                                    \
            "Print VM flags and their ranges")                                \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, SerializeVMOutput, true,                                 \
            "Use a mutex to serialize output to tty and LogFile")             \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, DisplayVMOutput, true,                                   \
            "Display all VM output on the tty, independently of LogVMOutput") \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, LogVMOutput, false,                                      \
            "Save VM output to LogFile")                                      \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(ccstr, LogFile, NULL,                                          \
            "If LogVMOutput or LogCompilation is on, save VM output to "      \
            "this file [default: ./hotspot_pid%p.log] (%p replaced with pid)")\
                                                                              \
    product(ccstr, ErrorFile, NULL,                                           \
            "If an error occurs, save the error data to this file "           \
            "[default: ./hs_err_pid%p.log] (%p replaced with pid)")           \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, ExtensiveErrorReports,                                      \
            PRODUCT_ONLY(false) NOT_PRODUCT(true),                            \
            "Error reports are more extensive.")                              \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, false,                             \
            "If DisplayVMOutput is true, display all VM output to stderr")    \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, false,                             \
            "If DisplayVMOutput is true, display all VM output to stdout")    \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, ErrorFileToStderr, false,                                   \
            "If true, error data is printed to stderr instead of a file")     \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, ErrorFileToStdout, false,                                   \
            "If true, error data is printed to stdout instead of a file")     \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseHeavyMonitors, false,                                    \
            "use heavyweight instead of lightweight Java monitors")           \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, PrintStringTableStatistics, false,                          \
            "print statistics about the StringTable and SymbolTable")         \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, VerifyStringTableAtExit, false,                          \
            "verify StringTable contents at exit")                            \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, PrintSymbolTableSizeHistogram, false,                    \
            "print histogram of the symbol table")                            \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, ExitVMOnVerifyError, false,                              \
            "standard exit from VM if bytecode verify error "                 \
            "(only in debug mode)")                                           \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(ccstr, AbortVMOnException, NULL,                               \
            "Call fatal if this exception is thrown.  Example: "              \
            "java -XX:AbortVMOnException=java.lang.NullPointerException Foo") \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(ccstr, AbortVMOnExceptionMessage, NULL,                        \
            "Call fatal if the exception pointed by AbortVMOnException "      \
            "has this message")                                               \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, DebugVtables, false,                                        \
            "add debugging code to vtable dispatch")                          \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, PrintVtableStats, false,                                 \
            "print vtables stats at end of run")                              \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TraceCreateZombies, false,                                  \
            "trace creation of zombie nmethods")                              \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, IgnoreLockingAssertions, false,                          \
            "disable locking assertions (for speed)")                         \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, RangeCheckElimination, true,                                \
            "Eliminate range checks")                                         \
                                                                              \
    develop_pd(bool, UncommonNullCast,                                        \
            "track occurrences of null in casts; adjust compiler tactics")    \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TypeProfileCasts,  true,                                    \
            "treat casts like calls for purposes of type profiling")          \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TraceLivenessGen, false,                                    \
            "Trace the generation of liveness analysis information")          \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, TraceLivenessQuery, false,                               \
            "Trace queries of liveness analysis information")                 \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, CollectIndexSetStatistics, false,                        \
            "Collect information about IndexSets")                            \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, UseLoopSafepoints, true,                                    \
            "Generate Safepoint nodes in every loop")                         \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, FastAllocateSizeLimit, 128*K,                               \
            /* Note:  This value is zero mod 1<<13 for a cheap sparc set. */  \
            "Inline allocations larger than this in doublewords must go slow")\
                                                                              \
    product_pd(bool, CompactStrings,                                          \
            "Enable Strings to use single byte chars in backing store")       \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(uintx, TypeProfileLevel,                                       \
            "=XYZ, with Z: Type profiling of arguments at call; "             \
                       "Y: Type profiling of return value at call; "          \
                       "X: Type profiling of parameters to methods; "         \
            "X, Y and Z in 0=off ; 1=jsr292 only; 2=all methods")             \
            constraint(TypeProfileLevelConstraintFunc, AfterErgo)             \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, TypeProfileArgsLimit,     2,                                \
            "max number of call arguments to consider for type profiling")    \
            range(0, 16)                                                      \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, TypeProfileParmsLimit,    2,                                \
            "max number of incoming parameters to consider for type profiling"\
            ", -1 for all")                                                   \
            range(-1, 64)                                                     \
                                                                              \
    /* statistics */                                                          \
    develop(bool, CountCompiledCalls, false,                                  \
            "Count method invocations")                                       \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, CountRuntimeCalls, false,                                \
            "Count VM runtime calls")                                         \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, CountJNICalls, false,                                       \
            "Count jni method invocations")                                   \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, CountJVMCalls, false,                                    \
            "Count jvm method invocations")                                   \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, CountRemovableExceptions, false,                         \
            "Count exceptions that could be replaced by branches due to "     \
            "inlining")                                                       \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, ICMissHistogram, false,                                  \
            "Produce histogram of IC misses")                                 \
                                                                              \
    /* interpreter */                                                         \
    product_pd(bool, RewriteBytecodes,                                        \
            "Allow rewriting of bytecodes (bytecodes are not immutable)")     \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(bool, RewriteFrequentPairs,                                    \
            "Rewrite frequently used bytecode pairs into a single bytecode")  \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, PrintInterpreter, false,                                 \
            "Print the generated interpreter code")                           \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseInterpreter, true,                                       \
            "Use interpreter for non-compiled methods")                       \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, UseFastSignatureHandlers, true,                             \
            "Use fast signature handlers for native calls")                   \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseLoopCounter, true,                                       \
            "Increment invocation counter on backward branch")                \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(bool, UseOnStackReplacement,                                   \
            "Use on stack replacement, calls runtime if invoc. counter "      \
            "overflows in loop")                                              \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, TraceOnStackReplacement, false,                          \
            "Trace on stack replacement")                                     \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(bool, PreferInterpreterNativeStubs,                            \
            "Use always interpreter stubs for native methods invoked via "    \
            "interpreter")                                                    \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, CountBytecodes, false,                                      \
            "Count number of bytecodes executed")                             \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, PrintBytecodeHistogram, false,                              \
            "Print histogram of the executed bytecodes")                      \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, PrintBytecodePairHistogram, false,                          \
            "Print histogram of the executed bytecode pairs")                 \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, PrintSignatureHandlers, false,                           \
            "Print code generated for native method signature handlers")      \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, VerifyOops, false,                                          \
            "Do plausibility checks for oops")                                \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, CheckUnhandledOops, false,                                  \
            "Check for unhandled oops in VM code")                            \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, VerifyJNIFields, trueInDebug,                               \
            "Verify jfieldIDs for instance fields")                           \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, VerifyJNIEnvThread, false,                               \
            "Verify JNIEnv.thread == Thread::current() when entering VM "     \
            "from JNI")                                                       \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, VerifyFPU, false,                                           \
            "Verify FPU state (check for NaN's, etc.)")                       \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, VerifyThread, false,                                        \
            "Watch the thread register for corruption (SPARC only)")          \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, VerifyActivationFrameSize, false,                           \
            "Verify that activation frame didn't become smaller than its "    \
            "minimal size")                                                   \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TraceFrequencyInlining, false,                              \
            "Trace frequency based inlining")                                 \
                                                                              \
    develop_pd(bool, InlineIntrinsics,                                        \
            "Inline intrinsics that can be statically resolved")              \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(bool, ProfileInterpreter,                                      \
            "Profile at the bytecode level during interpretation")            \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TraceProfileInterpreter, false,                             \
            "Trace profiling at the bytecode level during interpretation. "   \
            "This outputs the profiling information collected to improve "    \
            "jit compilation.")                                               \
                                                                              \
    develop_pd(bool, ProfileTraps,                                            \
            "Profile deoptimization traps at the bytecode level")             \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, ProfileMaturityPercentage, 20,                              \
            "number of method invocations/branches (expressed as % of "       \
            "CompileThreshold) before using the method's profile")            \
            range(0, 100)                                                     \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, PrintMethodData, false,                                  \
            "Print the results of +ProfileInterpreter at end of run")         \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, VerifyDataPointer, trueInDebug,                             \
            "Verify the method data pointer during interpreter profiling")    \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, VerifyCompiledCode, false,                                  \
            "Include miscellaneous runtime verifications in nmethod code; "   \
            "default off because it disturbs nmethod size heuristics")        \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, CrashGCForDumpingJavaThread, false,                      \
            "Manually make GC thread crash then dump java stack trace;  "     \
            "Test only")                                                      \
                                                                              \
    /* compilation */                                                         \
    product(bool, UseCompiler, true,                                          \
            "Use Just-In-Time compilation")                                   \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseCounterDecay, true,                                      \
            "Adjust recompilation counters")                                  \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, CounterHalfLifeTime,    30,                                 \
            "Half-life time of invocation counters (in seconds)")             \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, CounterDecayMinIntervalLength,   500,                       \
            "The minimum interval (in milliseconds) between invocation of "   \
            "CounterDecay")                                                   \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, AlwaysCompileLoopMethods, false,                            \
            "When using recompilation, never interpret methods "              \
            "containing loops")                                               \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, DontCompileHugeMethods, true,                               \
            "Do not compile methods > HugeMethodLimit")                       \
                                                                              \
    /* Bytecode escape analysis estimation. */                                \
    product(bool, EstimateArgEscape, true,                                    \
            "Analyze bytecodes to estimate escape state of arguments")        \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, BCEATraceLevel, 0,                                          \
            "How much tracing to do of bytecode escape analysis estimates "   \
            "(0-3)")                                                          \
            range(0, 3)                                                       \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, MaxBCEAEstimateLevel, 5,                                    \
            "Maximum number of nested calls that are analyzed by BC EA")      \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, MaxBCEAEstimateSize, 150,                                   \
            "Maximum bytecode size of a method to be analyzed by BC EA")      \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx,  AllocatePrefetchStyle, 1,                                  \
            "0 = no prefetch, "                                               \
            "1 = generate prefetch instructions for each allocation, "        \
            "2 = use TLAB watermark to gate allocation prefetch, "            \
            "3 = generate one prefetch instruction per cache line")           \
            range(0, 3)                                                       \
                                                                              \
    product(intx,  AllocatePrefetchDistance, -1,                              \
            "Distance to prefetch ahead of allocation pointer. "              \
            "-1: use system-specific value (automatically determined")        \
            constraint(AllocatePrefetchDistanceConstraintFunc, AfterMemoryInit)\
                                                                              \
    product(intx,  AllocatePrefetchLines, 3,                                  \
            "Number of lines to prefetch ahead of array allocation pointer")  \
            range(1, 64)                                                      \
                                                                              \
    product(intx,  AllocateInstancePrefetchLines, 1,                          \
            "Number of lines to prefetch ahead of instance allocation "       \
            "pointer")                                                        \
            range(1, 64)                                                      \
                                                                              \
    product(intx,  AllocatePrefetchStepSize, 16,                              \
            "Step size in bytes of sequential prefetch instructions")         \
            range(1, 512)                                                     \
            constraint(AllocatePrefetchStepSizeConstraintFunc,AfterMemoryInit)\
                                                                              \
    product(intx,  AllocatePrefetchInstr, 0,                                  \
            "Select instruction to prefetch ahead of allocation pointer")     \
            constraint(AllocatePrefetchInstrConstraintFunc, AfterMemoryInit)  \
                                                                              \
    /* deoptimization */                                                      \
    develop(bool, TraceDeoptimization, false,                                 \
            "Trace deoptimization")                                           \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, PrintDeoptimizationDetails, false,                          \
            "Print more information about deoptimization")                    \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, DebugDeoptimization, false,                                 \
            "Tracing various information while debugging deoptimization")     \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, SelfDestructTimer, 0,                                       \
            "Will cause VM to terminate after a given time (in minutes) "     \
            "(0 means off)")                                                  \
            range(0, max_intx)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, MaxJavaStackTraceDepth, 1024,                               \
            "The maximum number of lines in the stack trace for Java "        \
            "exceptions (0 means all)")                                       \
            range(0, max_jint/2)                                              \
                                                                              \
    /* notice: the max range value here is max_jint, not max_intx  */         \
    /* because of overflow issue                                   */         \
    diagnostic(intx, GuaranteedSafepointInterval, 1000,                       \
            "Guarantee a safepoint (at least) every so many milliseconds "    \
            "(0 means none)")                                                 \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, SafepointTimeoutDelay, 10000,                               \
            "Delay in milliseconds for option SafepointTimeout")              \
    LP64_ONLY(range(0, max_intx/MICROUNITS))                                  \
    NOT_LP64(range(0, max_intx))                                              \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, NmethodSweepActivity, 10,                                   \
            "Removes cold nmethods from code cache if > 0. Higher values "    \
            "result in more aggressive sweeping")                             \
            range(0, 2000)                                                    \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, LogSweeper, false,                                       \
            "Keep a ring buffer of sweeper activity")                         \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(intx, SweeperLogEntries, 1024,                                 \
            "Number of records in the ring buffer of sweeper activity")       \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(intx, MemProfilingInterval, 500,                               \
            "Time between each invocation of the MemProfiler")                \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, MallocCatchPtr, -1,                                         \
            "Hit breakpoint when mallocing/freeing this pointer")             \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(ccstrlist, SuppressErrorAt, "",                                \
            "List of assertions (file:line) to muzzle")                       \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, StackPrintLimit, 100,                                       \
            "number of stack frames to print in VM-level stack dump")         \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(intx, MaxElementPrintSize, 256,                                \
            "maximum number of elements to print")                            \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(intx, MaxSubklassPrintSize, 4,                                 \
            "maximum number of subklasses to print when printing klass")      \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, MaxInlineLevel, 9,                                          \
            "maximum number of nested calls that are inlined")                \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, MaxRecursiveInlineLevel, 1,                                 \
            "maximum number of nested recursive calls that are inlined")      \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, MaxForceInlineLevel, 100,                                   \
            "maximum number of nested calls that are forced for inlining "    \
            "(using CompileCommand or marked w/ @ForceInline)")               \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(intx, InlineSmallCode,                                         \
            "Only inline already compiled methods if their code size is "     \
            "less than this")                                                 \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, MaxInlineSize, 35,                                          \
            "The maximum bytecode size of a method to be inlined")            \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(intx, FreqInlineSize,                                          \
            "The maximum bytecode size of a frequent method to be inlined")   \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, MaxTrivialSize, 6,                                          \
            "The maximum bytecode size of a trivial method to be inlined")    \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, MinInliningThreshold, 250,                                  \
            "The minimum invocation count a method needs to have to be "      \
            "inlined")                                                        \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, MethodHistogramCutoff, 100,                                 \
            "The cutoff value for method invocation histogram (+CountCalls)") \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, DontYieldALotInterval,    10,                               \
            "Interval between which yields will be dropped (milliseconds)")   \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(intx, DeoptimizeALotInterval,     5,                           \
            "Number of exits until DeoptimizeALot kicks in")                  \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(intx, ZombieALotInterval,     5,                               \
            "Number of exits until ZombieALot kicks in")                      \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(uintx, MallocMaxTestWords,     0,                              \
            "If non-zero, maximum number of words that malloc/realloc can "   \
            "allocate (for testing only)")                                    \
            range(0, max_uintx)                                               \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, TypeProfileWidth, 2,                                        \
            "Number of receiver types to record in call/cast profile")        \
            range(0, 8)                                                       \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, BciProfileWidth,      2,                                    \
            "Number of return bci's to record in ret profile")                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, PerMethodRecompilationCutoff, 400,                          \
            "After recompiling N times, stay in the interpreter (-1=>'Inf')") \
            range(-1, max_intx)                                               \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, PerBytecodeRecompilationCutoff, 200,                        \
            "Per-BCI limit on repeated recompilation (-1=>'Inf')")            \
            range(-1, max_intx)                                               \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, PerMethodTrapLimit,  100,                                   \
            "Limit on traps (of one kind) in a method (includes inlines)")    \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    experimental(intx, PerMethodSpecTrapLimit,  5000,                         \
            "Limit on speculative traps (of one kind) in a method "           \
            "(includes inlines)")                                             \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, PerBytecodeTrapLimit,  4,                                   \
            "Limit on traps (of one kind) at a particular BCI")               \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    experimental(intx, SpecTrapLimitExtraEntries,  3,                         \
            "Extra method data trap entries for speculation")                 \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, InlineFrequencyRatio,    20,                                \
            "Ratio of call site execution to caller method invocation")       \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic_pd(intx, InlineFrequencyCount,                                 \
            "Count of call site execution necessary to trigger frequent "     \
            "inlining")                                                       \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, InlineThrowCount,    50,                                    \
            "Force inlining of interpreted methods that throw this often")    \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, InlineThrowMaxSize,   200,                                  \
            "Force inlining of throwing methods smaller than this")           \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, ProfilerNodeSize,  1024,                                    \
            "Size in K to allocate for the Profile Nodes of each thread")     \
            range(0, 1024)                                                    \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(size_t, MetaspaceSize,                                         \
            "Initial threshold (in bytes) at which a garbage collection "     \
            "is done to reduce Metaspace usage")                              \
            constraint(MetaspaceSizeConstraintFunc,AfterErgo)                 \
                                                                              \
    product(size_t, MaxMetaspaceSize, max_uintx,                              \
            "Maximum size of Metaspaces (in bytes)")                          \
            constraint(MaxMetaspaceSizeConstraintFunc,AfterErgo)              \
                                                                              \
    product(size_t, CompressedClassSpaceSize, 1*G,                            \
            "Maximum size of class area in Metaspace when compressed "        \
            "class pointers are used")                                        \
            range(1*M, 3*G)                                                   \
                                                                              \
    manageable(uintx, MinHeapFreeRatio, 40,                                   \
            "The minimum percentage of heap free after GC to avoid expansion."\
            " For most GCs this applies to the old generation. In G1 and"     \
            " ParallelGC it applies to the whole heap.")                      \
            range(0, 100)                                                     \
            constraint(MinHeapFreeRatioConstraintFunc,AfterErgo)              \
                                                                              \
    manageable(uintx, MaxHeapFreeRatio, 70,                                   \
            "The maximum percentage of heap free after GC to avoid shrinking."\
            " For most GCs this applies to the old generation. In G1 and"     \
            " ParallelGC it applies to the whole heap.")                      \
            range(0, 100)                                                     \
            constraint(MaxHeapFreeRatioConstraintFunc,AfterErgo)              \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, ShrinkHeapInSteps, true,                                    \
            "When disabled, informs the GC to shrink the java heap directly"  \
            " to the target size at the next full GC rather than requiring"   \
            " smaller steps during multiple full GCs.")                       \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, SoftRefLRUPolicyMSPerMB, 1000,                              \
            "Number of milliseconds per MB of free space in the heap")        \
            range(0, max_intx)                                                \
            constraint(SoftRefLRUPolicyMSPerMBConstraintFunc,AfterMemoryInit) \
                                                                              \
    product(size_t, MinHeapDeltaBytes, ScaleForWordSize(128*K),               \
            "The minimum change in heap space due to GC (in bytes)")          \
            range(0, max_uintx)                                               \
                                                                              \
    product(size_t, MinMetaspaceExpansion, ScaleForWordSize(256*K),           \
            "The minimum expansion of Metaspace (in bytes)")                  \
            range(0, max_uintx)                                               \
                                                                              \
    product(uintx, MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio,    70,                              \
            "The maximum percentage of Metaspace free after GC to avoid "     \
            "shrinking")                                                      \
            range(0, 100)                                                     \
            constraint(MaxMetaspaceFreeRatioConstraintFunc,AfterErgo)         \
                                                                              \
    product(uintx, MinMetaspaceFreeRatio,    40,                              \
            "The minimum percentage of Metaspace free after GC to avoid "     \
            "expansion")                                                      \
            range(0, 99)                                                      \
            constraint(MinMetaspaceFreeRatioConstraintFunc,AfterErgo)         \
                                                                              \
    product(size_t, MaxMetaspaceExpansion, ScaleForWordSize(4*M),             \
            "The maximum expansion of Metaspace without full GC (in bytes)")  \
            range(0, max_uintx)                                               \
                                                                              \
    /* stack parameters */                                                    \
    product_pd(intx, StackYellowPages,                                        \
            "Number of yellow zone (recoverable overflows) pages of size "    \
            "4KB. If pages are bigger yellow zone is aligned up.")            \
            range(MIN_STACK_YELLOW_PAGES, (DEFAULT_STACK_YELLOW_PAGES+5))     \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(intx, StackRedPages,                                           \
            "Number of red zone (unrecoverable overflows) pages of size "     \
            "4KB. If pages are bigger red zone is aligned up.")               \
            range(MIN_STACK_RED_PAGES, (DEFAULT_STACK_RED_PAGES+2))           \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(intx, StackReservedPages,                                      \
            "Number of reserved zone (reserved to annotated methods) pages"   \
            " of size 4KB. If pages are bigger reserved zone is aligned up.") \
            range(MIN_STACK_RESERVED_PAGES, (DEFAULT_STACK_RESERVED_PAGES+10))\
                                                                              \
    product(bool, RestrictReservedStack, true,                                \
            "Restrict @ReservedStackAccess to trusted classes")               \
                                                                              \
    /* greater stack shadow pages can't generate instruction to bang stack */ \
    product_pd(intx, StackShadowPages,                                        \
            "Number of shadow zone (for overflow checking) pages of size "    \
            "4KB. If pages are bigger shadow zone is aligned up. "            \
            "This should exceed the depth of the VM and native call stack.")  \
            range(MIN_STACK_SHADOW_PAGES, (DEFAULT_STACK_SHADOW_PAGES+30))    \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(intx, ThreadStackSize,                                         \
            "Thread Stack Size (in Kbytes)")                                  \
            range(0, 1 * M)                                                   \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(intx, VMThreadStackSize,                                       \
            "Non-Java Thread Stack Size (in Kbytes)")                         \
            range(0, max_intx/(1 * K))                                        \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(intx, CompilerThreadStackSize,                                 \
            "Compiler Thread Stack Size (in Kbytes)")                         \
            range(0, max_intx/(1 * K))                                        \
                                                                              \
    develop_pd(size_t, JVMInvokeMethodSlack,                                  \
            "Stack space (bytes) required for JVM_InvokeMethod to complete")  \
                                                                              \
    /* code cache parameters                                    */            \
    develop_pd(uintx, CodeCacheSegmentSize,                                   \
            "Code cache segment size (in bytes) - smallest unit of "          \
            "allocation")                                                     \
            range(1, 1024)                                                    \
            constraint(CodeCacheSegmentSizeConstraintFunc, AfterErgo)         \
                                                                              \
    develop_pd(intx, CodeEntryAlignment,                                      \
            "Code entry alignment for generated code (in bytes)")             \
            constraint(CodeEntryAlignmentConstraintFunc, AfterErgo)           \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(intx, OptoLoopAlignment,                                       \
            "Align inner loops to zero relative to this modulus")             \
            range(1, 16)                                                      \
            constraint(OptoLoopAlignmentConstraintFunc, AfterErgo)            \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(uintx, InitialCodeCacheSize,                                   \
            "Initial code cache size (in bytes)")                             \
            range(os::vm_page_size(), max_uintx)                              \
                                                                              \
    develop_pd(uintx, CodeCacheMinimumUseSpace,                               \
            "Minimum code cache size (in bytes) required to start VM.")       \
            range(0, max_uintx)                                               \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, SegmentedCodeCache, false,                                  \
            "Use a segmented code cache")                                     \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize,                                  \
            "Reserved code cache size (in bytes) - maximum code cache size")  \
            range(os::vm_page_size(), max_uintx)                              \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(uintx, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize,                                \
            "Size of code heap with non-profiled methods (in bytes)")         \
            range(0, max_uintx)                                               \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(uintx, ProfiledCodeHeapSize,                                   \
            "Size of code heap with profiled methods (in bytes)")             \
            range(0, max_uintx)                                               \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(uintx, NonNMethodCodeHeapSize,                                 \
            "Size of code heap with non-nmethods (in bytes)")                 \
            range(os::vm_page_size(), max_uintx)                              \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(uintx, CodeCacheExpansionSize,                                 \
            "Code cache expansion size (in bytes)")                           \
            range(32*K, max_uintx)                                            \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic_pd(uintx, CodeCacheMinBlockLength,                             \
            "Minimum number of segments in a code cache block")               \
            range(1, 100)                                                     \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, ExitOnFullCodeCache, false,                              \
            "Exit the VM if we fill the code cache")                          \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseCodeCacheFlushing, true,                                 \
            "Remove cold/old nmethods from the code cache")                   \
                                                                              \
    product(uintx, StartAggressiveSweepingAt, 10,                             \
            "Start aggressive sweeping if X[%] of the code cache is free."    \
            "Segmented code cache: X[%] of the non-profiled heap."            \
            "Non-segmented code cache: X[%] of the total code cache")         \
            range(0, 100)                                                     \
                                                                              \
    /* AOT parameters */                                                      \
    product(bool, UseAOT, AOT_ONLY(true) NOT_AOT(false),                      \
            "Use AOT compiled files")                                         \
                                                                              \
    product(ccstrlist, AOTLibrary, NULL,                                      \
            "AOT library")                                                    \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, PrintAOT, false,                                            \
            "Print used AOT klasses and methods")                             \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(bool, PrintAOTStatistics, false,                               \
            "Print AOT statistics")                                           \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, UseAOTStrictLoading, false,                              \
            "Exit the VM if any of the AOT libraries has invalid config")     \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, CalculateClassFingerprint, false,                           \
            "Calculate class fingerprint")                                    \
                                                                              \
    /* interpreter debugging */                                               \
    develop(intx, BinarySwitchThreshold, 5,                                   \
            "Minimal number of lookupswitch entries for rewriting to binary " \
            "switch")                                                         \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, StopInterpreterAt, 0,                                       \
            "Stop interpreter execution at specified bytecode number")        \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, TraceBytecodesAt, 0,                                        \
            "Trace bytecodes starting with specified bytecode number")        \
                                                                              \
    /* compiler interface */                                                  \
    develop(intx, CIStart, 0,                                                 \
            "The id of the first compilation to permit")                      \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, CIStop, max_jint,                                           \
            "The id of the last compilation to permit")                       \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, CIStartOSR, 0,                                              \
            "The id of the first osr compilation to permit "                  \
            "(CICountOSR must be on)")                                        \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, CIStopOSR, max_jint,                                        \
            "The id of the last osr compilation to permit "                   \
            "(CICountOSR must be on)")                                        \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, CIBreakAtOSR, -1,                                           \
            "The id of osr compilation to break at")                          \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, CIBreakAt, -1,                                              \
            "The id of compilation to break at")                              \
                                                                              \
    product(ccstrlist, CompileOnly, "",                                       \
            "List of methods (pkg/class.name) to restrict compilation to")    \
                                                                              \
    product(ccstr, CompileCommandFile, NULL,                                  \
            "Read compiler commands from this file [.hotspot_compiler]")      \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(ccstr, CompilerDirectivesFile, NULL,                           \
            "Read compiler directives from this file")                        \
                                                                              \
    product(ccstrlist, CompileCommand, "",                                    \
            "Prepend to .hotspot_compiler; e.g. log,java/lang/String.<init>") \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, ReplayCompiles, false,                                      \
            "Enable replay of compilations from ReplayDataFile")              \
                                                                              \
    product(ccstr, ReplayDataFile, NULL,                                      \
            "File containing compilation replay information"                  \
            "[default: ./replay_pid%p.log] (%p replaced with pid)")           \
                                                                              \
     product(ccstr, InlineDataFile, NULL,                                     \
            "File containing inlining replay information"                     \
            "[default: ./inline_pid%p.log] (%p replaced with pid)")           \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, ReplaySuppressInitializers, 2,                              \
            "Control handling of class initialization during replay: "        \
            "0 - don't do anything special; "                                 \
            "1 - treat all class initializers as empty; "                     \
            "2 - treat class initializers for application classes as empty; " \
            "3 - allow all class initializers to run during bootstrap but "   \
            "    pretend they are empty after starting replay")               \
            range(0, 3)                                                       \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, ReplayIgnoreInitErrors, false,                              \
            "Ignore exceptions thrown during initialization for replay")      \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, DumpReplayDataOnError, true,                                \
            "Record replay data for crashing compiler threads")               \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, CICompilerCountPerCPU, false,                               \
            "1 compiler thread for log(N CPUs)")                              \
                                                                              \
    notproduct(intx, CICrashAt, -1,                                           \
            "id of compilation to trigger assert in compiler thread for "     \
            "the purpose of testing, e.g. generation of replay data")         \
    notproduct(bool, CIObjectFactoryVerify, false,                            \
            "enable potentially expensive verification in ciObjectFactory")   \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, AbortVMOnCompilationFailure, false,                      \
            "Abort VM when method had failed to compile.")                    \
                                                                              \
    /* Priorities */                                                          \
    product_pd(bool, UseThreadPriorities,  "Use native thread priorities")    \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, ThreadPriorityPolicy, 0,                                    \
            "0 : Normal.                                                     "\
            "    VM chooses priorities that are appropriate for normal       "\
            "    applications. On Solaris NORM_PRIORITY and above are mapped "\
            "    to normal native priority. Java priorities below "           \
            "    NORM_PRIORITY map to lower native priority values. On       "\
            "    Windows applications are allowed to use higher native       "\
            "    priorities. However, with ThreadPriorityPolicy=0, VM will   "\
            "    not use the highest possible native priority,               "\
            "    THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL, as it may interfere with     "\
            "    system threads. On Linux thread priorities are ignored      "\
            "    because the OS does not support static priority in          "\
            "    SCHED_OTHER scheduling class which is the only choice for   "\
            "    non-root, non-realtime applications.                        "\
            "1 : Aggressive.                                                 "\
            "    Java thread priorities map over to the entire range of      "\
            "    native thread priorities. Higher Java thread priorities map "\
            "    to higher native thread priorities. This policy should be   "\
            "    used with care, as sometimes it can cause performance       "\
            "    degradation in the application and/or the entire system. On "\
            "    Linux/BSD/macOS this policy requires root privilege or an   "\
            "    extended capability.")                                       \
            range(0, 1)                                                       \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, ThreadPriorityVerbose, false,                               \
            "Print priority changes")                                         \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, CompilerThreadPriority, -1,                                 \
            "The native priority at which compiler threads should run "       \
            "(-1 means no change)")                                           \
            range(min_jint, max_jint)                                         \
            constraint(CompilerThreadPriorityConstraintFunc, AfterErgo)       \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, VMThreadPriority, -1,                                       \
            "The native priority at which the VM thread should run "          \
            "(-1 means no change)")                                           \
            range(-1, 127)                                                    \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, JavaPriority1_To_OSPriority, -1,                            \
            "Map Java priorities to OS priorities")                           \
            range(-1, 127)                                                    \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, JavaPriority2_To_OSPriority, -1,                            \
            "Map Java priorities to OS priorities")                           \
            range(-1, 127)                                                    \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, JavaPriority3_To_OSPriority, -1,                            \
            "Map Java priorities to OS priorities")                           \
            range(-1, 127)                                                    \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, JavaPriority4_To_OSPriority, -1,                            \
            "Map Java priorities to OS priorities")                           \
            range(-1, 127)                                                    \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, JavaPriority5_To_OSPriority, -1,                            \
            "Map Java priorities to OS priorities")                           \
            range(-1, 127)                                                    \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, JavaPriority6_To_OSPriority, -1,                            \
            "Map Java priorities to OS priorities")                           \
            range(-1, 127)                                                    \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, JavaPriority7_To_OSPriority, -1,                            \
            "Map Java priorities to OS priorities")                           \
            range(-1, 127)                                                    \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, JavaPriority8_To_OSPriority, -1,                            \
            "Map Java priorities to OS priorities")                           \
            range(-1, 127)                                                    \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, JavaPriority9_To_OSPriority, -1,                            \
            "Map Java priorities to OS priorities")                           \
            range(-1, 127)                                                    \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, JavaPriority10_To_OSPriority,-1,                            \
            "Map Java priorities to OS priorities")                           \
            range(-1, 127)                                                    \
                                                                              \
    experimental(bool, UseCriticalJavaThreadPriority, false,                  \
            "Java thread priority 10 maps to critical scheduling priority")   \
                                                                              \
    experimental(bool, UseCriticalCompilerThreadPriority, false,              \
            "Compiler thread(s) run at critical scheduling priority")         \
                                                                              \
    experimental(bool, UseCriticalCMSThreadPriority, false,                   \
            "ConcurrentMarkSweep thread runs at critical scheduling priority")\
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, NewCodeParameter,      0,                                   \
            "Testing Only: Create a dedicated integer parameter before "      \
            "putback")                                                        \
                                                                              \
    /* new oopmap storage allocation */                                       \
    develop(intx, MinOopMapAllocation,     8,                                 \
            "Minimum number of OopMap entries in an OopMapSet")               \
                                                                              \
    /* Background Compilation */                                              \
    develop(intx, LongCompileThreshold,     50,                               \
            "Used with +TraceLongCompiles")                                   \
                                                                              \
    /* recompilation */                                                       \
    product_pd(intx, CompileThreshold,                                        \
            "number of interpreted method invocations before (re-)compiling") \
            constraint(CompileThresholdConstraintFunc, AfterErgo)             \
                                                                              \
    product(double, CompileThresholdScaling, 1.0,                             \
            "Factor to control when first compilation happens "               \
            "(both with and without tiered compilation): "                    \
            "values greater than 1.0 delay counter overflow, "                \
            "values between 0 and 1.0 rush counter overflow, "                \
            "value of 1.0 leaves compilation thresholds unchanged "           \
            "value of 0.0 is equivalent to -Xint. "                           \
            ""                                                                \
            "Flag can be set as per-method option. "                          \
            "If a value is specified for a method, compilation thresholds "   \
            "for that method are scaled by both the value of the global flag "\
            "and the value of the per-method flag.")                          \
            range(0.0, DBL_MAX)                                               \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier0InvokeNotifyFreqLog, 7,                                \
            "Interpreter (tier 0) invocation notification frequency")         \
            range(0, 30)                                                      \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier2InvokeNotifyFreqLog, 11,                               \
            "C1 without MDO (tier 2) invocation notification frequency")      \
            range(0, 30)                                                      \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog, 10,                               \
            "C1 with MDO profiling (tier 3) invocation notification "         \
            "frequency")                                                      \
            range(0, 30)                                                      \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier23InlineeNotifyFreqLog, 20,                             \
            "Inlinee invocation (tiers 2 and 3) notification frequency")      \
            range(0, 30)                                                      \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier0BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, 10,                             \
            "Interpreter (tier 0) invocation notification frequency")         \
            range(0, 30)                                                      \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier2BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, 14,                             \
            "C1 without MDO (tier 2) invocation notification frequency")      \
            range(0, 30)                                                      \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier3BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, 13,                             \
            "C1 with MDO profiling (tier 3) invocation notification "         \
            "frequency")                                                      \
            range(0, 30)                                                      \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier2CompileThreshold, 0,                                   \
            "threshold at which tier 2 compilation is invoked")               \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier2BackEdgeThreshold, 0,                                  \
            "Back edge threshold at which tier 2 compilation is invoked")     \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier3InvocationThreshold, 200,                              \
            "Compile if number of method invocations crosses this "           \
            "threshold")                                                      \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier3MinInvocationThreshold, 100,                           \
            "Minimum invocation to compile at tier 3")                        \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier3CompileThreshold, 2000,                                \
            "Threshold at which tier 3 compilation is invoked (invocation "   \
            "minimum must be satisfied)")                                     \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier3BackEdgeThreshold,  60000,                             \
            "Back edge threshold at which tier 3 OSR compilation is invoked") \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier3AOTInvocationThreshold, 10000,                         \
            "Compile if number of method invocations crosses this "           \
            "threshold if coming from AOT")                                   \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier3AOTMinInvocationThreshold, 1000,                       \
            "Minimum invocation to compile at tier 3 if coming from AOT")     \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier3AOTCompileThreshold, 15000,                            \
            "Threshold at which tier 3 compilation is invoked (invocation "   \
            "minimum must be satisfied) if coming from AOT")                  \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier3AOTBackEdgeThreshold,  120000,                         \
            "Back edge threshold at which tier 3 OSR compilation is invoked " \
            "if coming from AOT")                                             \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier4InvocationThreshold, 5000,                             \
            "Compile if number of method invocations crosses this "           \
            "threshold")                                                      \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier4MinInvocationThreshold, 600,                           \
            "Minimum invocation to compile at tier 4")                        \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier4CompileThreshold, 15000,                               \
            "Threshold at which tier 4 compilation is invoked (invocation "   \
            "minimum must be satisfied")                                      \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier4BackEdgeThreshold, 40000,                              \
            "Back edge threshold at which tier 4 OSR compilation is invoked") \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier3DelayOn, 5,                                            \
            "If C2 queue size grows over this amount per compiler thread "    \
            "stop compiling at tier 3 and start compiling at tier 2")         \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier3DelayOff, 2,                                           \
            "If C2 queue size is less than this amount per compiler thread "  \
            "allow methods compiled at tier 2 transition to tier 3")          \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier3LoadFeedback, 5,                                       \
            "Tier 3 thresholds will increase twofold when C1 queue size "     \
            "reaches this amount per compiler thread")                        \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier4LoadFeedback, 3,                                       \
            "Tier 4 thresholds will increase twofold when C2 queue size "     \
            "reaches this amount per compiler thread")                        \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, TieredCompileTaskTimeout, 50,                               \
            "Kill compile task if method was not used within "                \
            "given timeout in milliseconds")                                  \
            range(0, max_intx)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, TieredStopAtLevel, 4,                                       \
            "Stop at given compilation level")                                \
            range(0, 4)                                                       \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, Tier0ProfilingStartPercentage, 200,                         \
            "Start profiling in interpreter if the counters exceed tier 3 "   \
            "thresholds by the specified percentage")                         \
            range(0, max_jint)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(uintx, IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt, 50,                   \
            "Increase the compile threshold for C1 compilation if the code "  \
            "cache is filled by the specified percentage")                    \
            range(0, 99)                                                      \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, TieredRateUpdateMinTime, 1,                                 \
            "Minimum rate sampling interval (in milliseconds)")               \
            range(0, max_intx)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, TieredRateUpdateMaxTime, 25,                                \
            "Maximum rate sampling interval (in milliseconds)")               \
            range(0, max_intx)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(bool, TieredCompilation,                                       \
            "Enable tiered compilation")                                      \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, PrintTieredEvents, false,                                   \
            "Print tiered events notifications")                              \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(intx, OnStackReplacePercentage,                                \
            "NON_TIERED number of method invocations/branches (expressed as " \
            "% of CompileThreshold) before (re-)compiling OSR code")          \
            constraint(OnStackReplacePercentageConstraintFunc, AfterErgo)     \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, InterpreterProfilePercentage, 33,                           \
            "NON_TIERED number of method invocations/branches (expressed as " \
            "% of CompileThreshold) before profiling in the interpreter")     \
            range(0, 100)                                                     \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, MaxRecompilationSearchLength,    10,                        \
            "The maximum number of frames to inspect when searching for "     \
            "recompilee")                                                     \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, MaxInterpretedSearchLength,     3,                          \
            "The maximum number of interpreted frames to skip when searching "\
            "for recompilee")                                                 \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, DesiredMethodLimit,  8000,                                  \
            "The desired maximum method size (in bytecodes) after inlining")  \
                                                                              \
    develop(intx, HugeMethodLimit,  8000,                                     \
            "Don't compile methods larger than this if "                      \
            "+DontCompileHugeMethods")                                        \
                                                                              \
    /* Properties for Java libraries  */                                      \
                                                                              \
    product(uint64_t, MaxDirectMemorySize, 0,                                 \
            "Maximum total size of NIO direct-buffer allocations")            \
            range(0, max_jlong)                                               \
                                                                              \
    /* Flags used for temporary code during development  */                   \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, UseNewCode, false,                                       \
            "Testing Only: Use the new version while testing")                \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, UseNewCode2, false,                                      \
            "Testing Only: Use the new version while testing")                \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, UseNewCode3, false,                                      \
            "Testing Only: Use the new version while testing")                \
                                                                              \
    /* flags for performance data collection */                               \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UsePerfData, true,                                          \
            "Flag to disable jvmstat instrumentation for performance testing "\
            "and problem isolation purposes")                                 \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, PerfDataSaveToFile, false,                                  \
            "Save PerfData memory to hsperfdata_<pid> file on exit")          \
                                                                              \
    product(ccstr, PerfDataSaveFile, NULL,                                    \
            "Save PerfData memory to the specified absolute pathname. "       \
            "The string %p in the file name (if present) "                    \
            "will be replaced by pid")                                        \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, PerfDataSamplingInterval, 50,                               \
            "Data sampling interval (in milliseconds)")                       \
            range(PeriodicTask::min_interval, max_jint)                       \
            constraint(PerfDataSamplingIntervalFunc, AfterErgo)               \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, PerfDisableSharedMem, false,                                \
            "Store performance data in standard memory")                      \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, PerfDataMemorySize, 32*K,                                   \
            "Size of performance data memory region. Will be rounded "        \
            "up to a multiple of the native os page size.")                   \
            range(128, 32*64*K)                                               \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, PerfMaxStringConstLength, 1024,                             \
            "Maximum PerfStringConstant string length before truncation")     \
            range(32, 32*K)                                                   \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, PerfAllowAtExitRegistration, false,                         \
            "Allow registration of atexit() methods")                         \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, PerfBypassFileSystemCheck, false,                           \
            "Bypass Win32 file system criteria checks (Windows Only)")        \
                                                                              \
    product(intx, UnguardOnExecutionViolation, 0,                             \
            "Unguard page and retry on no-execute fault (Win32 only) "        \
            "0=off, 1=conservative, 2=aggressive")                            \
            range(0, 2)                                                       \
                                                                              \
    /* Serviceability Support */                                              \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, ManagementServer, false,                                    \
            "Create JMX Management Server")                                   \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, DisableAttachMechanism, false,                              \
            "Disable mechanism that allows tools to attach to this VM")       \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, StartAttachListener, false,                                 \
            "Always start Attach Listener at VM startup")                     \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, EnableDynamicAgentLoading, true,                            \
            "Allow tools to load agents with the attach mechanism")           \
                                                                              \
    manageable(bool, PrintConcurrentLocks, false,                             \
            "Print java.util.concurrent locks in thread dump")                \
                                                                              \
    /* Shared spaces */                                                       \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true,                                      \
            "Use shared spaces for metadata")                                 \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, VerifySharedSpaces, false,                                  \
            "Verify integrity of shared spaces")                              \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false,                                 \
            "Require shared spaces for metadata")                             \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, DumpSharedSpaces, false,                                    \
            "Special mode: JVM reads a class list, loads classes, builds "    \
            "shared spaces, and dumps the shared spaces to a file to be "     \
            "used in future JVM runs")                                        \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, DynamicDumpSharedSpaces, false,                             \
            "Dynamic archive")                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, PrintSharedArchiveAndExit, false,                           \
            "Print shared archive file contents")                             \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, PrintSharedDictionary, false,                               \
            "If PrintSharedArchiveAndExit is true, also print the shared "    \
            "dictionary")                                                     \
                                                                              \
    product(size_t, SharedBaseAddress, LP64_ONLY(32*G)                        \
            NOT_LP64(LINUX_ONLY(2*G) NOT_LINUX(0)),                           \
            "Address to allocate shared memory region for class data")        \
            range(0, SIZE_MAX)                                                \
                                                                              \
    product(ccstr, SharedArchiveConfigFile, NULL,                             \
            "Data to add to the CDS archive file")                            \
                                                                              \
    product(uintx, SharedSymbolTableBucketSize, 4,                            \
            "Average number of symbols per bucket in shared table")           \
            range(2, 246)                                                     \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, AllowArchivingWithJavaAgent, false,                      \
            "Allow Java agent to be run with CDS dumping")                    \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, PrintMethodHandleStubs, false,                           \
            "Print generated stub code for method handles")                   \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TraceMethodHandles, false,                                  \
            "trace internal method handle operations")                        \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, VerifyMethodHandles, trueInDebug,                        \
            "perform extra checks when constructing method handles")          \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, ShowHiddenFrames, false,                                 \
            "show method handle implementation frames (usually hidden)")      \
                                                                              \
    experimental(bool, TrustFinalNonStaticFields, false,                      \
            "trust final non-static declarations for constant folding")       \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, FoldStableValues, true,                                  \
            "Optimize loads from stable fields (marked w/ @Stable)")          \
                                                                              \
    develop(bool, TraceInvokeDynamic, false,                                  \
            "trace internal invoke dynamic operations")                       \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(int, UseBootstrapCallInfo, 1,                                  \
            "0: when resolving InDy or ConDy, force all BSM arguments to be " \
            "resolved before the bootstrap method is called; 1: when a BSM "  \
            "that may accept a BootstrapCallInfo is detected, use that API "  \
            "to pass BSM arguments, which allows the BSM to delay their "     \
            "resolution; 2+: stress test the BCI API by calling more BSMs "   \
            "via that API, instead of with the eagerly-resolved array.")      \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, PauseAtStartup,      false,                              \
            "Causes the VM to pause at startup time and wait for the pause "  \
            "file to be removed (default: ./vm.paused.<pid>)")                \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(ccstr, PauseAtStartupFile, NULL,                               \
            "The file to create and for whose removal to await when pausing " \
            "at startup. (default: ./vm.paused.<pid>)")                       \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, PauseAtExit, false,                                      \
            "Pause and wait for keypress on exit if a debugger is attached")  \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, ExtendedDTraceProbes,    false,                             \
            "Enable performance-impacting dtrace probes")                     \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, DTraceMethodProbes, false,                                  \
            "Enable dtrace probes for method-entry and method-exit")          \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, DTraceAllocProbes, false,                                   \
            "Enable dtrace probes for object allocation")                     \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, DTraceMonitorProbes, false,                                 \
            "Enable dtrace probes for monitor events")                        \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, RelaxAccessControlCheck, false,                             \
            "Relax the access control checks in the verifier")                \
                                                                              \
    product(uintx, StringTableSize, defaultStringTableSize,                   \
            "Number of buckets in the interned String table "                 \
            "(will be rounded to nearest higher power of 2)")                 \
            range(minimumStringTableSize, 16777216ul)                         \
                                                                              \
    experimental(uintx, SymbolTableSize, defaultSymbolTableSize,              \
            "Number of buckets in the JVM internal Symbol table")             \
            range(minimumSymbolTableSize, 111*defaultSymbolTableSize)         \
                                                                              \
    product(bool, UseStringDeduplication, false,                              \
            "Use string deduplication")                                       \
                                                                              \
    product(uintx, StringDeduplicationAgeThreshold, 3,                        \
            "A string must reach this age (or be promoted to an old region) " \
            "to be considered for deduplication")                             \
            range(1, markOopDesc::max_age)                                    \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, StringDeduplicationResizeALot, false,                    \
            "Force table resize every time the table is scanned")             \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, StringDeduplicationRehashALot, false,                    \
            "Force table rehash every time the table is scanned")             \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, WhiteBoxAPI, false,                                      \
            "Enable internal testing APIs")                                   \
                                                                              \
    experimental(intx, SurvivorAlignmentInBytes, 0,                           \
             "Default survivor space alignment in bytes")                     \
             constraint(SurvivorAlignmentInBytesConstraintFunc,AfterErgo)     \
                                                                              \
    product(ccstr, DumpLoadedClassList, NULL,                                 \
            "Dump the names all loaded classes, that could be stored into "   \
            "the CDS archive, in the specified file")                         \
                                                                              \
    product(ccstr, SharedClassListFile, NULL,                                 \
            "Override the default CDS class list")                            \
                                                                              \
    product(ccstr, SharedArchiveFile, NULL,                                   \
            "Override the default location of the CDS archive file")          \
                                                                              \
    product(ccstr, ArchiveClassesAtExit, NULL,                                \
            "The path and name of the dynamic archive file")                  \
                                                                              \
    product(ccstr, ExtraSharedClassListFile, NULL,                            \
            "Extra classlist for building the CDS archive file")              \
                                                                              \
    experimental(size_t, ArrayAllocatorMallocLimit,                           \
            SOLARIS_ONLY(64*K) NOT_SOLARIS((size_t)-1),                       \
            "Allocation less than this value will be allocated "              \
            "using malloc. Larger allocations will use mmap.")                \
                                                                              \
    experimental(bool, AlwaysAtomicAccesses, false,                           \
            "Accesses to all variables should always be atomic")              \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, UseUnalignedAccesses, false,                             \
            "Use unaligned memory accesses in Unsafe")                        \
                                                                              \
    product_pd(bool, PreserveFramePointer,                                    \
               "Use the FP register for holding the frame pointer "           \
               "and not as a general purpose register.")                      \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, CheckIntrinsics, true,                                   \
               "When a class C is loaded, check that "                        \
               "(1) all intrinsics defined by the VM for class C are present "\
               "in the loaded class file and are marked with the "            \
               "@HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate annotation, that "                 \
               "(2) there is an intrinsic registered for all loaded methods " \
               "that are annotated with the @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate "      \
               "annotation, and that "                                        \
               "(3) no orphan methods exist for class C (i.e., methods for "  \
               "which the VM declares an intrinsic but that are not declared "\
               "in the loaded class C. "                                      \
               "Check (3) is available only in debug builds.")                \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic_pd(intx, InitArrayShortSize,                                   \
            "Threshold small size (in bytes) for clearing arrays. "           \
            "Anything this size or smaller may get converted to discrete "    \
            "scalar stores.")                                                 \
            range(0, max_intx)                                                \
            constraint(InitArrayShortSizeConstraintFunc, AfterErgo)           \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, CompilerDirectivesIgnoreCompileCommands, false,          \
               "Disable backwards compatibility for compile commands.")       \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, CompilerDirectivesPrint, false,                          \
               "Print compiler directives on installation.")                  \
    diagnostic(int,  CompilerDirectivesLimit, 50,                             \
               "Limit on number of compiler directives.")                     \
                                                                              \
    product(ccstr, AllocateHeapAt, NULL,                                      \
            "Path to the directoy where a temporary file will be created "    \
            "to use as the backing store for Java Heap.")                     \
                                                                              \
    experimental(ccstr, AllocateOldGenAt, NULL,                               \
            "Path to the directoy where a temporary file will be "            \
            "created to use as the backing store for old generation."         \
            "File of size Xmx is pre-allocated for performance reason, so"    \
            "we need that much space available")                              \
                                                                              \
    develop(int, VerifyMetaspaceInterval, DEBUG_ONLY(500) NOT_DEBUG(0),       \
                 "Run periodic metaspace verifications (0 - none, "           \
                 "1 - always, >1 every nth interval)")                        \
                                                                              \
    diagnostic(bool, ShowRegistersOnAssert, true,                             \
            "On internal errors, include registers in error report.")         \
                                                                              \
    experimental(bool, UseSwitchProfiling, true,                              \
            "leverage profiling for table/lookup switch")                     \
                                                                              \
    JFR_ONLY(product(bool, FlightRecorder, false,                             \
            "(Deprecated) Enable Flight Recorder"))                                        \
                                                                              \
    JFR_ONLY(product(ccstr, FlightRecorderOptions, NULL,                      \
            "Flight Recorder options"))                                       \
                                                                              \
    JFR_ONLY(product(ccstr, StartFlightRecording, NULL,                       \
            "Start flight recording with options"))                           \
                                                                              \
    experimental(bool, UseFastUnorderedTimeStamps, false,                     \
            "Use platform unstable time where supported for timestamps only")
  
  // Interface macros
  #define DECLARE_PRODUCT_FLAG(type, name, value, doc)      extern "C" type name;
  #define DECLARE_PD_PRODUCT_FLAG(type, name, doc)          extern "C" type name;
  #define DECLARE_DIAGNOSTIC_FLAG(type, name, value, doc)   extern "C" type name;
  #define DECLARE_PD_DIAGNOSTIC_FLAG(type, name, doc)       extern "C" type name;
  #define DECLARE_EXPERIMENTAL_FLAG(type, name, value, doc) extern "C" type name;
  #define DECLARE_MANAGEABLE_FLAG(type, name, value, doc)   extern "C" type name;
  #define DECLARE_PRODUCT_RW_FLAG(type, name, value, doc)   extern "C" type name;
  #ifdef PRODUCT
  #define DECLARE_DEVELOPER_FLAG(type, name, value, doc)    const type name = value;
  #define DECLARE_PD_DEVELOPER_FLAG(type, name, doc)        const type name = pd_##name;
  #define DECLARE_NOTPRODUCT_FLAG(type, name, value, doc)   const type name = value;
  #else
  #define DECLARE_DEVELOPER_FLAG(type, name, value, doc)    extern "C" type name;
  #define DECLARE_PD_DEVELOPER_FLAG(type, name, doc)        extern "C" type name;
  #define DECLARE_NOTPRODUCT_FLAG(type, name, value, doc)   extern "C" type name;
  #endif // PRODUCT
  // Special LP64 flags, product only needed for now.
  #ifdef _LP64
  #define DECLARE_LP64_PRODUCT_FLAG(type, name, value, doc) extern "C" type name;
  #else
  #define DECLARE_LP64_PRODUCT_FLAG(type, name, value, doc) const type name = value;
  #endif // _LP64
  
  ALL_FLAGS(DECLARE_DEVELOPER_FLAG,     \
            DECLARE_PD_DEVELOPER_FLAG,  \
            DECLARE_PRODUCT_FLAG,       \
            DECLARE_PD_PRODUCT_FLAG,    \
            DECLARE_DIAGNOSTIC_FLAG,    \
            DECLARE_PD_DIAGNOSTIC_FLAG, \
            DECLARE_EXPERIMENTAL_FLAG,  \
            DECLARE_NOTPRODUCT_FLAG,    \
            DECLARE_MANAGEABLE_FLAG,    \
            DECLARE_PRODUCT_RW_FLAG,    \
            DECLARE_LP64_PRODUCT_FLAG,  \
            IGNORE_RANGE,               \
            IGNORE_CONSTRAINT,          \
            IGNORE_WRITEABLE)
  
  // Extensions
  
  #include "runtime/globals_ext.hpp"
  
  #endif // SHARE_RUNTIME_GLOBALS_HPP
  