text: from .models import db
  
  def get_all(model):
      data = model.query.all()
      return data
  
  
  def add_instance(model, **kwargs):
      instance = model(**kwargs)
      db.session.add(instance)
      commit_changes()
  
  
  def delete_instance(model, id):
      model.query.filter_by(id=id).delete()
      commit_changes()
  
  
  def edit_instance(model, id, **kwargs):
      instance = model.query.filter_by(id=id).all()[0]
      for attr, new_value in kwargs:
          setattr(instance, attr, new_value)
      commit_changes()
  
  
  def commit_changes():
      db.session.commit()