text: from time import time
  
  N = 100_000_000
  
  def calculate_pi(n_terms: int) -> float:
      numerator = 4.0
      denominator = 1.0
      operation = 1.0
      pi = 0.0
      for _ in range(n_terms):
          pi += operation * (numerator / denominator)
          denominator += 2.0
          operation *= -1.0
      return pi
  
  
  if __name__ == "__main__":
      start = time()
      pi = calculate_pi(N)
      end = time()
      print(f"π = {pi}")
      print(f"Time elapsed: {round((end - start), 2)} seconds!")
  