text: 
  # Version: 0.20
  
  """The Versioneer - like a rocketeer, but for versions.
  
  The Versioneer
  ==============
  
  * like a rocketeer, but for versions!
  * https://github.com/python-versioneer/python-versioneer
  * Brian Warner
  * License: Public Domain
  * Compatible with: Python 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9 and pypy3
  * [![Latest Version][pypi-image]][pypi-url]
  * [![Build Status][travis-image]][travis-url]
  
  This is a tool for managing a recorded version number in distutils-based
  python projects. The goal is to remove the tedious and error-prone "update
  the embedded version string" step from your release process. Making a new
  release should be as easy as recording a new tag in your version-control
  system, and maybe making new tarballs.
  
  
  ## Quick Install
  
  * `pip install versioneer` to somewhere in your $PATH
  * add a `[versioneer]` section to your setup.cfg (see [Install](INSTALL.md))
  * run `versioneer install` in your source tree, commit the results
  * Verify version information with `python setup.py version`
  
  ## Version Identifiers
  
  Source trees come from a variety of places:
  
  * a version-control system checkout (mostly used by developers)
  * a nightly tarball, produced by build automation
  * a snapshot tarball, produced by a web-based VCS browser, like github's
    "tarball from tag" feature
  * a release tarball, produced by "setup.py sdist", distributed through PyPI
  
  Within each source tree, the version identifier (either a string or a number,
  this tool is format-agnostic) can come from a variety of places:
  
  * ask the VCS tool itself, e.g. "git describe" (for checkouts), which knows
    about recent "tags" and an absolute revision-id
  * the name of the directory into which the tarball was unpacked
  * an expanded VCS keyword ($Id$, etc)
  * a `_version.py` created by some earlier build step
  
  For released software, the version identifier is closely related to a VCS
  tag. Some projects use tag names that include more than just the version
  string (e.g. "myproject-1.2" instead of just "1.2"), in which case the tool
  needs to strip the tag prefix to extract the version identifier. For
  unreleased software (between tags), the version identifier should provide
  enough information to help developers recreate the same tree, while also
  giving them an idea of roughly how old the tree is (after version 1.2, before
  version 1.3). Many VCS systems can report a description that captures this,
  for example `git describe --tags --dirty --always` reports things like
  "0.7-1-g574ab98-dirty" to indicate that the checkout is one revision past the
  0.7 tag, has a unique revision id of "574ab98", and is "dirty" (it has
  uncommitted changes).
  
  The version identifier is used for multiple purposes:
  
  * to allow the module to self-identify its version: `myproject.__version__`
  * to choose a name and prefix for a 'setup.py sdist' tarball
  
  ## Theory of Operation
  
  Versioneer works by adding a special `_version.py` file into your source
  tree, where your `__init__.py` can import it. This `_version.py` knows how to
  dynamically ask the VCS tool for version information at import time.
  
  `_version.py` also contains `$Revision$` markers, and the installation
  process marks `_version.py` to have this marker rewritten with a tag name
  during the `git archive` command. As a result, generated tarballs will
  contain enough information to get the proper version.
  
  To allow `setup.py` to compute a version too, a `versioneer.py` is added to
  the top level of your source tree, next to `setup.py` and the `setup.cfg`
  that configures it. This overrides several distutils/setuptools commands to
  compute the version when invoked, and changes `setup.py build` and `setup.py
  sdist` to replace `_version.py` with a small static file that contains just
  the generated version data.
  
  ## Installation
  
  See [INSTALL.md](./INSTALL.md) for detailed installation instructions.
  
  ## Version-String Flavors
  
  Code which uses Versioneer can learn about its version string at runtime by
  importing `_version` from your main `__init__.py` file and running the
  `get_versions()` function. From the "outside" (e.g. in `setup.py`), you can
  import the top-level `versioneer.py` and run `get_versions()`.
  
  Both functions return a dictionary with different flavors of version
  information:
  
  * `['version']`: A condensed version string, rendered using the selected
    style. This is the most commonly used value for the project's version
    string. The default "pep440" style yields strings like `0.11`,
    `0.11+2.g1076c97`, or `0.11+2.g1076c97.dirty`. See the "Styles" section
    below for alternative styles.
  
  * `['full-revisionid']`: detailed revision identifier. For Git, this is the
    full SHA1 commit id, e.g. "1076c978a8d3cfc70f408fe5974aa6c092c949ac".
  
  * `['date']`: Date and time of the latest `HEAD` commit. For Git, it is the
    commit date in ISO 8601 format. This will be None if the date is not
    available.
  
  * `['dirty']`: a boolean, True if the tree has uncommitted changes. Note that
    this is only accurate if run in a VCS checkout, otherwise it is likely to
    be False or None
  
  * `['error']`: if the version string could not be computed, this will be set
    to a string describing the problem, otherwise it will be None. It may be
    useful to throw an exception in setup.py if this is set, to avoid e.g.
    creating tarballs with a version string of "unknown".
  
  Some variants are more useful than others. Including `full-revisionid` in a
  bug report should allow developers to reconstruct the exact code being tested
  (or indicate the presence of local changes that should be shared with the
  developers). `version` is suitable for display in an "about" box or a CLI
  `--version` output: it can be easily compared against release notes and lists
  of bugs fixed in various releases.
  
  The installer adds the following text to your `__init__.py` to place a basic
  version in `YOURPROJECT.__version__`:
  
      from ._version import get_versions
      __version__ = get_versions()['version']
      del get_versions
  
  ## Styles
  
  The setup.cfg `style=` configuration controls how the VCS information is
  rendered into a version string.
  
  The default style, "pep440", produces a PEP440-compliant string, equal to the
  un-prefixed tag name for actual releases, and containing an additional "local
  version" section with more detail for in-between builds. For Git, this is
  TAG[+DISTANCE.gHEX[.dirty]] , using information from `git describe --tags
  --dirty --always`. For example "0.11+2.g1076c97.dirty" indicates that the
  tree is like the "1076c97" commit but has uncommitted changes (".dirty"), and
  that this commit is two revisions ("+2") beyond the "0.11" tag. For released
  software (exactly equal to a known tag), the identifier will only contain the
  stripped tag, e.g. "0.11".
  
  Other styles are available. See [details.md](details.md) in the Versioneer
  source tree for descriptions.
  
  ## Debugging
  
  Versioneer tries to avoid fatal errors: if something goes wrong, it will tend
  to return a version of "0+unknown". To investigate the problem, run `setup.py
  version`, which will run the version-lookup code in a verbose mode, and will
  display the full contents of `get_versions()` (including the `error` string,
  which may help identify what went wrong).
  
  ## Known Limitations
  
  Some situations are known to cause problems for Versioneer. This details the
  most significant ones. More can be found on Github
  [issues page](https://github.com/python-versioneer/python-versioneer/issues).
  
  ### Subprojects
  
  Versioneer has limited support for source trees in which `setup.py` is not in
  the root directory (e.g. `setup.py` and `.git/` are *not* siblings). The are
  two common reasons why `setup.py` might not be in the root:
  
  * Source trees which contain multiple subprojects, such as
    [Buildbot](https://github.com/buildbot/buildbot), which contains both
    "master" and "slave" subprojects, each with their own `setup.py`,
    `setup.cfg`, and `tox.ini`. Projects like these produce multiple PyPI
    distributions (and upload multiple independently-installable tarballs).
  * Source trees whose main purpose is to contain a C library, but which also
    provide bindings to Python (and perhaps other languages) in subdirectories.
  
  Versioneer will look for `.git` in parent directories, and most operations
  should get the right version string. However `pip` and `setuptools` have bugs
  and implementation details which frequently cause `pip install .` from a
  subproject directory to fail to find a correct version string (so it usually
  defaults to `0+unknown`).
  
  `pip install --editable .` should work correctly. `setup.py install` might
  work too.
  
  Pip-8.1.1 is known to have this problem, but hopefully it will get fixed in
  some later version.
  
  [Bug #38](https://github.com/python-versioneer/python-versioneer/issues/38) is tracking
  this issue. The discussion in
  [PR #61](https://github.com/python-versioneer/python-versioneer/pull/61) describes the
  issue from the Versioneer side in more detail.
  [pip PR#3176](https://github.com/pypa/pip/pull/3176) and
  [pip PR#3615](https://github.com/pypa/pip/pull/3615) contain work to improve
  pip to let Versioneer work correctly.
  
  Versioneer-0.16 and earlier only looked for a `.git` directory next to the
  `setup.cfg`, so subprojects were completely unsupported with those releases.
  
  ### Editable installs with setuptools <= 18.5
  
  `setup.py develop` and `pip install --editable .` allow you to install a
  project into a virtualenv once, then continue editing the source code (and
  test) without re-installing after every change.
  
  "Entry-point scripts" (`setup(entry_points={"console_scripts": ..})`) are a
  convenient way to specify executable scripts that should be installed along
  with the python package.
  
  These both work as expected when using modern setuptools. When using
  setuptools-18.5 or earlier, however, certain operations will cause
  `pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound` errors when running the entrypoint
  script, which must be resolved by re-installing the package. This happens
  when the install happens with one version, then the egg_info data is
  regenerated while a different version is checked out. Many setup.py commands
  cause egg_info to be rebuilt (including `sdist`, `wheel`, and installing into
  a different virtualenv), so this can be surprising.
  
  [Bug #83](https://github.com/python-versioneer/python-versioneer/issues/83) describes
  this one, but upgrading to a newer version of setuptools should probably
  resolve it.
  
  
  ## Updating Versioneer
  
  To upgrade your project to a new release of Versioneer, do the following:
  
  * install the new Versioneer (`pip install -U versioneer` or equivalent)
  * edit `setup.cfg`, if necessary, to include any new configuration settings
    indicated by the release notes. See [UPGRADING](./UPGRADING.md) for details.
  * re-run `versioneer install` in your source tree, to replace
    `SRC/_version.py`
  * commit any changed files
  
  ## Future Directions
  
  This tool is designed to make it easily extended to other version-control
  systems: all VCS-specific components are in separate directories like
  src/git/ . The top-level `versioneer.py` script is assembled from these
  components by running make-versioneer.py . In the future, make-versioneer.py
  will take a VCS name as an argument, and will construct a version of
  `versioneer.py` that is specific to the given VCS. It might also take the
  configuration arguments that are currently provided manually during
  installation by editing setup.py . Alternatively, it might go the other
  direction and include code from all supported VCS systems, reducing the
  number of intermediate scripts.
  
  ## Similar projects
  
  * [setuptools_scm](https://github.com/pypa/setuptools_scm/) - a non-vendored build-time
    dependency
  * [minver](https://github.com/jbweston/miniver) - a lightweight reimplementation of
    versioneer
  * [versioningit](https://github.com/jwodder/versioningit) - a PEP 518-based setuptools
    plugin
  
  ## License
  
  To make Versioneer easier to embed, all its code is dedicated to the public
  domain. The `_version.py` that it creates is also in the public domain.
  Specifically, both are released under the Creative Commons "Public Domain
  Dedication" license (CC0-1.0), as described in
  https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ .
  
  [pypi-image]: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/versioneer.svg
  [pypi-url]: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/versioneer/
  [travis-image]:
  https://img.shields.io/travis/com/python-versioneer/python-versioneer.svg
  [travis-url]: https://travis-ci.com/github/python-versioneer/python-versioneer
  
  """
  
  import configparser
  import errno
  import json
  import os
  import re
  import subprocess
  import sys
  
  
  class VersioneerConfig:  # pylint: disable=too-few-public-methods # noqa
      """Container for Versioneer configuration parameters."""
  
  
  def get_root():
      """Get the project root directory.
  
      We require that all commands are run from the project root, i.e. the
      directory that contains setup.py, setup.cfg, and versioneer.py .
      """
      root = os.path.realpath(os.path.abspath(os.getcwd()))
      setup_py = os.path.join(root, "setup.py")
      versioneer_py = os.path.join(root, "versioneer.py")
      if not (os.path.exists(setup_py) or os.path.exists(versioneer_py)):
          # allow 'python path/to/setup.py COMMAND'
          root = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0])))
          setup_py = os.path.join(root, "setup.py")
          versioneer_py = os.path.join(root, "versioneer.py")
      if not (os.path.exists(setup_py) or os.path.exists(versioneer_py)):
          err = ("Versioneer was unable to run the project root directory. "
                 "Versioneer requires setup.py to be executed from "
                 "its immediate directory (like 'python setup.py COMMAND'), "
                 "or in a way that lets it use sys.argv[0] to find the root "
                 "(like 'python path/to/setup.py COMMAND').")
          raise VersioneerBadRootError(err)
      try:
          # Certain runtime workflows (setup.py install/develop in a setuptools
          # tree) execute all dependencies in a single python process, so
          # "versioneer" may be imported multiple times, and python's shared
          # module-import table will cache the first one. So we can't use
          # os.path.dirname(__file__), as that will find whichever
          # versioneer.py was first imported, even in later projects.
          my_path = os.path.realpath(os.path.abspath(__file__))
          me_dir = os.path.normcase(os.path.splitext(my_path)[0])
          vsr_dir = os.path.normcase(os.path.splitext(versioneer_py)[0])
          if me_dir != vsr_dir:
              print("Warning: build in %s is using versioneer.py from %s"
                    % (os.path.dirname(my_path), versioneer_py))
      except NameError:
          pass
      return root
  
  
  def get_config_from_root(root):
      """Read the project setup.cfg file to determine Versioneer config."""
      # This might raise EnvironmentError (if setup.cfg is missing), or
      # configparser.NoSectionError (if it lacks a [versioneer] section), or
      # configparser.NoOptionError (if it lacks "VCS="). See the docstring at
      # the top of versioneer.py for instructions on writing your setup.cfg .
      setup_cfg = os.path.join(root, "setup.cfg")
      parser = configparser.ConfigParser()
      with open(setup_cfg, "r") as cfg_file:
          parser.read_file(cfg_file)
      VCS = parser.get("versioneer", "VCS")  # mandatory
  
      # Dict-like interface for non-mandatory entries
      section = parser["versioneer"]
  
      # pylint:disable=attribute-defined-outside-init # noqa
      cfg = VersioneerConfig()
      cfg.VCS = VCS
      cfg.style = section.get("style", "")
      cfg.versionfile_source = section.get("versionfile_source")
      cfg.versionfile_build = section.get("versionfile_build")
      cfg.tag_prefix = section.get("tag_prefix")
      if cfg.tag_prefix in ("''", '""'):
          cfg.tag_prefix = ""
      cfg.parentdir_prefix = section.get("parentdir_prefix")
      cfg.verbose = section.get("verbose")
      return cfg
  
  
  class NotThisMethod(Exception):
      """Exception raised if a method is not valid for the current scenario."""
  
  
  # these dictionaries contain VCS-specific tools
  LONG_VERSION_PY = {}
  HANDLERS = {}
  
  
  def register_vcs_handler(vcs, method):  # decorator
      """Create decorator to mark a method as the handler of a VCS."""
      def decorate(f):
          """Store f in HANDLERS[vcs][method]."""
          HANDLERS.setdefault(vcs, {})[method] = f
          return f
      return decorate
  
  
  # pylint:disable=too-many-arguments,consider-using-with # noqa
  def run_command(commands, args, cwd=None, verbose=False, hide_stderr=False,
                  env=None):
      """Call the given command(s)."""
      assert isinstance(commands, list)
      process = None
      for command in commands:
          try:
              dispcmd = str([command] + args)
              # remember shell=False, so use git.cmd on windows, not just git
              process = subprocess.Popen([command] + args, cwd=cwd, env=env,
                                         stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
                                         stderr=(subprocess.PIPE if hide_stderr
                                                 else None))
              break
          except EnvironmentError:
              e = sys.exc_info()[1]
              if e.errno == errno.ENOENT:
                  continue
              if verbose:
                  print("unable to run %s" % dispcmd)
                  print(e)
              return None, None
      else:
          if verbose:
              print("unable to find command, tried %s" % (commands,))
          return None, None
      stdout = process.communicate()[0].strip().decode()
      if process.returncode != 0:
          if verbose:
              print("unable to run %s (error)" % dispcmd)
              print("stdout was %s" % stdout)
          return None, process.returncode
      return stdout, process.returncode
  
  
  LONG_VERSION_PY['git'] = r'''
  # This file helps to compute a version number in source trees obtained from
  # git-archive tarball (such as those provided by githubs download-from-tag
  # feature). Distribution tarballs (built by setup.py sdist) and build
  # directories (produced by setup.py build) will contain a much shorter file
  # that just contains the computed version number.
  
  # This file is released into the public domain. Generated by
  # versioneer-0.20 (https://github.com/python-versioneer/python-versioneer)
  
  """Git implementation of _version.py."""
  
  import errno
  import os
  import re
  import subprocess
  import sys
  
  
  def get_keywords():
      """Get the keywords needed to look up the version information."""
      # these strings will be replaced by git during git-archive.
      # setup.py/versioneer.py will grep for the variable names, so they must
      # each be defined on a line of their own. _version.py will just call
      # get_keywords().
      git_refnames = "%(DOLLAR)sFormat:%%d%(DOLLAR)s"
      git_full = "%(DOLLAR)sFormat:%%H%(DOLLAR)s"
      git_date = "%(DOLLAR)sFormat:%%ci%(DOLLAR)s"
      keywords = {"refnames": git_refnames, "full": git_full, "date": git_date}
      return keywords
  
  
  class VersioneerConfig:  # pylint: disable=too-few-public-methods
      """Container for Versioneer configuration parameters."""
  
  
  def get_config():
      """Create, populate and return the VersioneerConfig() object."""
      # these strings are filled in when 'setup.py versioneer' creates
      # _version.py
      cfg = VersioneerConfig()
      cfg.VCS = "git"
      cfg.style = "%(STYLE)s"
      cfg.tag_prefix = "%(TAG_PREFIX)s"
      cfg.parentdir_prefix = "%(PARENTDIR_PREFIX)s"
      cfg.versionfile_source = "%(VERSIONFILE_SOURCE)s"
      cfg.verbose = False
      return cfg
  
  
  class NotThisMethod(Exception):
      """Exception raised if a method is not valid for the current scenario."""
  
  
  LONG_VERSION_PY = {}
  HANDLERS = {}
  
  
  def register_vcs_handler(vcs, method):  # decorator
      """Create decorator to mark a method as the handler of a VCS."""
      def decorate(f):
          """Store f in HANDLERS[vcs][method]."""
          if vcs not in HANDLERS:
              HANDLERS[vcs] = {}
          HANDLERS[vcs][method] = f
          return f
      return decorate
  
  
  # pylint:disable=too-many-arguments,consider-using-with # noqa
  def run_command(commands, args, cwd=None, verbose=False, hide_stderr=False,
                  env=None):
      """Call the given command(s)."""
      assert isinstance(commands, list)
      process = None
      for command in commands:
          try:
              dispcmd = str([command] + args)
              # remember shell=False, so use git.cmd on windows, not just git
              process = subprocess.Popen([command] + args, cwd=cwd, env=env,
                                         stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
                                         stderr=(subprocess.PIPE if hide_stderr
                                                 else None))
              break
          except EnvironmentError:
              e = sys.exc_info()[1]
              if e.errno == errno.ENOENT:
                  continue
              if verbose:
                  print("unable to run %%s" %% dispcmd)
                  print(e)
              return None, None
      else:
          if verbose:
              print("unable to find command, tried %%s" %% (commands,))
          return None, None
      stdout = process.communicate()[0].strip().decode()
      if process.returncode != 0:
          if verbose:
              print("unable to run %%s (error)" %% dispcmd)
              print("stdout was %%s" %% stdout)
          return None, process.returncode
      return stdout, process.returncode
  
  
  def versions_from_parentdir(parentdir_prefix, root, verbose):
      """Try to determine the version from the parent directory name.
  
      Source tarballs conventionally unpack into a directory that includes both
      the project name and a version string. We will also support searching up
      two directory levels for an appropriately named parent directory
      """
      rootdirs = []
  
      for _ in range(3):
          dirname = os.path.basename(root)
          if dirname.startswith(parentdir_prefix):
              return {"version": dirname[len(parentdir_prefix):],
                      "full-revisionid": None,
                      "dirty": False, "error": None, "date": None}
          rootdirs.append(root)
          root = os.path.dirname(root)  # up a level
  
      if verbose:
          print("Tried directories %%s but none started with prefix %%s" %%
                (str(rootdirs), parentdir_prefix))
      raise NotThisMethod("rootdir doesn't start with parentdir_prefix")
  
  
  @register_vcs_handler("git", "get_keywords")
  def git_get_keywords(versionfile_abs):
      """Extract version information from the given file."""
      # the code embedded in _version.py can just fetch the value of these
      # keywords. When used from setup.py, we don't want to import _version.py,
      # so we do it with a regexp instead. This function is not used from
      # _version.py.
      keywords = {}
      try:
          with open(versionfile_abs, "r") as fobj:
              for line in fobj:
                  if line.strip().startswith("git_refnames ="):
                      mo = re.search(r'=\s*"(.*)"', line)
                      if mo:
                          keywords["refnames"] = mo.group(1)
                  if line.strip().startswith("git_full ="):
                      mo = re.search(r'=\s*"(.*)"', line)
                      if mo:
                          keywords["full"] = mo.group(1)
                  if line.strip().startswith("git_date ="):
                      mo = re.search(r'=\s*"(.*)"', line)
                      if mo:
                          keywords["date"] = mo.group(1)
      except EnvironmentError:
          pass
      return keywords
  
  
  @register_vcs_handler("git", "keywords")
  def git_versions_from_keywords(keywords, tag_prefix, verbose):
      """Get version information from git keywords."""
      if "refnames" not in keywords:
          raise NotThisMethod("Short version file found")
      date = keywords.get("date")
      if date is not None:
          # Use only the last line.  Previous lines may contain GPG signature
          # information.
          date = date.splitlines()[-1]
  
          # git-2.2.0 added "%%cI", which expands to an ISO-8601 -compliant
          # datestamp. However we prefer "%%ci" (which expands to an "ISO-8601
          # -like" string, which we must then edit to make compliant), because
          # it's been around since git-1.5.3, and it's too difficult to
          # discover which version we're using, or to work around using an
          # older one.
          date = date.strip().replace(" ", "T", 1).replace(" ", "", 1)
      refnames = keywords["refnames"].strip()
      if refnames.startswith("$Format"):
          if verbose:
              print("keywords are unexpanded, not using")
          raise NotThisMethod("unexpanded keywords, not a git-archive tarball")
      refs = {r.strip() for r in refnames.strip("()").split(",")}
      # starting in git-1.8.3, tags are listed as "tag: foo-1.0" instead of
      # just "foo-1.0". If we see a "tag: " prefix, prefer those.
      TAG = "tag: "
      tags = {r[len(TAG):] for r in refs if r.startswith(TAG)}
      if not tags:
          # Either we're using git < 1.8.3, or there really are no tags. We use
          # a heuristic: assume all version tags have a digit. The old git %%d
          # expansion behaves like git log --decorate=short and strips out the
          # refs/heads/ and refs/tags/ prefixes that would let us distinguish
          # between branches and tags. By ignoring refnames without digits, we
          # filter out many common branch names like "release" and
          # "stabilization", as well as "HEAD" and "master".
          tags = {r for r in refs if re.search(r'\d', r)}
          if verbose:
              print("discarding '%%s', no digits" %% ",".join(refs - tags))
      if verbose:
          print("likely tags: %%s" %% ",".join(sorted(tags)))
      for ref in sorted(tags):
          # sorting will prefer e.g. "2.0" over "2.0rc1"
          if ref.startswith(tag_prefix):
              r = ref[len(tag_prefix):]
              # Filter out refs that exactly match prefix or that don't start
              # with a number once the prefix is stripped (mostly a concern
              # when prefix is '')
              if not re.match(r'\d', r):
                  continue
              if verbose:
                  print("picking %%s" %% r)
              return {"version": r,
                      "full-revisionid": keywords["full"].strip(),
                      "dirty": False, "error": None,
                      "date": date}
      # no suitable tags, so version is "0+unknown", but full hex is still there
      if verbose:
          print("no suitable tags, using unknown + full revision id")
      return {"version": "0+unknown",
              "full-revisionid": keywords["full"].strip(),
              "dirty": False, "error": "no suitable tags", "date": None}
  
  
  @register_vcs_handler("git", "pieces_from_vcs")
  def git_pieces_from_vcs(tag_prefix, root, verbose, runner=run_command):
      """Get version from 'git describe' in the root of the source tree.
  
      This only gets called if the git-archive 'subst' keywords were *not*
      expanded, and _version.py hasn't already been rewritten with a short
      version string, meaning we're inside a checked out source tree.
      """
      GITS = ["git"]
      if sys.platform == "win32":
          GITS = ["git.cmd", "git.exe"]
  
      _, rc = runner(GITS, ["rev-parse", "--git-dir"], cwd=root,
                     hide_stderr=True)
      if rc != 0:
          if verbose:
              print("Directory %%s not under git control" %% root)
          raise NotThisMethod("'git rev-parse --git-dir' returned error")
  
      # if there is a tag matching tag_prefix, this yields TAG-NUM-gHEX[-dirty]
      # if there isn't one, this yields HEX[-dirty] (no NUM)
      describe_out, rc = runner(GITS, ["describe", "--tags", "--dirty",
                                       "--always", "--long",
                                       "--match", "%%s*" %% tag_prefix],
                                cwd=root)
      # --long was added in git-1.5.5
      if describe_out is None:
          raise NotThisMethod("'git describe' failed")
      describe_out = describe_out.strip()
      full_out, rc = runner(GITS, ["rev-parse", "HEAD"], cwd=root)
      if full_out is None:
          raise NotThisMethod("'git rev-parse' failed")
      full_out = full_out.strip()
  
      pieces = {}
      pieces["long"] = full_out
      pieces["short"] = full_out[:7]  # maybe improved later
      pieces["error"] = None
  
      branch_name, rc = runner(GITS, ["rev-parse", "--abbrev-ref", "HEAD"],
                               cwd=root)
      # --abbrev-ref was added in git-1.6.3
      if rc != 0 or branch_name is None:
          raise NotThisMethod("'git rev-parse --abbrev-ref' returned error")
      branch_name = branch_name.strip()
  
      if branch_name == "HEAD":
          # If we aren't exactly on a branch, pick a branch which represents
          # the current commit. If all else fails, we are on a branchless
          # commit.
          branches, rc = runner(GITS, ["branch", "--contains"], cwd=root)
          # --contains was added in git-1.5.4
          if rc != 0 or branches is None:
              raise NotThisMethod("'git branch --contains' returned error")
          branches = branches.split("\n")
  
          # Remove the first line if we're running detached
          if "(" in branches[0]:
              branches.pop(0)
  
          # Strip off the leading "* " from the list of branches.
          branches = [branch[2:] for branch in branches]
          if "master" in branches:
              branch_name = "master"
          elif not branches:
              branch_name = None
          else:
              # Pick the first branch that is returned. Good or bad.
              branch_name = branches[0]
  
      pieces["branch"] = branch_name
  
      # parse describe_out. It will be like TAG-NUM-gHEX[-dirty] or HEX[-dirty]
      # TAG might have hyphens.
      git_describe = describe_out
  
      # look for -dirty suffix
      dirty = git_describe.endswith("-dirty")
      pieces["dirty"] = dirty
      if dirty:
          git_describe = git_describe[:git_describe.rindex("-dirty")]
  
      # now we have TAG-NUM-gHEX or HEX
  
      if "-" in git_describe:
          # TAG-NUM-gHEX
          mo = re.search(r'^(.+)-(\d+)-g([0-9a-f]+)$', git_describe)
          if not mo:
              # unparseable. Maybe git-describe is misbehaving?
              pieces["error"] = ("unable to parse git-describe output: '%%s'"
                                 %% describe_out)
              return pieces
  
          # tag
          full_tag = mo.group(1)
          if not full_tag.startswith(tag_prefix):
              if verbose:
                  fmt = "tag '%%s' doesn't start with prefix '%%s'"
                  print(fmt %% (full_tag, tag_prefix))
              pieces["error"] = ("tag '%%s' doesn't start with prefix '%%s'"
                                 %% (full_tag, tag_prefix))
              return pieces
          pieces["closest-tag"] = full_tag[len(tag_prefix):]
  
          # distance: number of commits since tag
          pieces["distance"] = int(mo.group(2))
  
          # commit: short hex revision ID
          pieces["short"] = mo.group(3)
  
      else:
          # HEX: no tags
          pieces["closest-tag"] = None
          count_out, rc = runner(GITS, ["rev-list", "HEAD", "--count"], cwd=root)
          pieces["distance"] = int(count_out)  # total number of commits
  
      # commit date: see ISO-8601 comment in git_versions_from_keywords()
      date = runner(GITS, ["show", "-s", "--format=%%ci", "HEAD"], cwd=root)[0].strip()
      # Use only the last line.  Previous lines may contain GPG signature
      # information.
      date = date.splitlines()[-1]
      pieces["date"] = date.strip().replace(" ", "T", 1).replace(" ", "", 1)
  
      return pieces
  
  
  def plus_or_dot(pieces):
      """Return a + if we don't already have one, else return a ."""
      if "+" in pieces.get("closest-tag", ""):
          return "."
      return "+"
  
  
  def render_pep440(pieces):
      """Build up version string, with post-release "local version identifier".
  
      Our goal: TAG[+DISTANCE.gHEX[.dirty]] . Note that if you
      get a tagged build and then dirty it, you'll get TAG+0.gHEX.dirty
  
      Exceptions:
      1: no tags. git_describe was just HEX. 0+untagged.DISTANCE.gHEX[.dirty]
      """
      if pieces["closest-tag"]:
          rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
          if pieces["distance"] or pieces["dirty"]:
              rendered += plus_or_dot(pieces)
              rendered += "%%d.g%%s" %% (pieces["distance"], pieces["short"])
              if pieces["dirty"]:
                  rendered += ".dirty"
      else:
          # exception #1
          rendered = "0+untagged.%%d.g%%s" %% (pieces["distance"],
                                            pieces["short"])
          if pieces["dirty"]:
              rendered += ".dirty"
      return rendered
  
  
  def render_pep440_branch(pieces):
      """TAG[[.dev0]+DISTANCE.gHEX[.dirty]] .
  
      The ".dev0" means not master branch. Note that .dev0 sorts backwards
      (a feature branch will appear "older" than the master branch).
  
      Exceptions:
      1: no tags. 0[.dev0]+untagged.DISTANCE.gHEX[.dirty]
      """
      if pieces["closest-tag"]:
          rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
          if pieces["distance"] or pieces["dirty"]:
              if pieces["branch"] != "master":
                  rendered += ".dev0"
              rendered += plus_or_dot(pieces)
              rendered += "%%d.g%%s" %% (pieces["distance"], pieces["short"])
              if pieces["dirty"]:
                  rendered += ".dirty"
      else:
          # exception #1
          rendered = "0"
          if pieces["branch"] != "master":
              rendered += ".dev0"
          rendered += "+untagged.%%d.g%%s" %% (pieces["distance"],
                                            pieces["short"])
          if pieces["dirty"]:
              rendered += ".dirty"
      return rendered
  
  
  def render_pep440_pre(pieces):
      """TAG[.post0.devDISTANCE] -- No -dirty.
  
      Exceptions:
      1: no tags. 0.post0.devDISTANCE
      """
      if pieces["closest-tag"]:
          rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
          if pieces["distance"]:
              rendered += ".post0.dev%%d" %% pieces["distance"]
      else:
          # exception #1
          rendered = "0.post0.dev%%d" %% pieces["distance"]
      return rendered
  
  
  def render_pep440_post(pieces):
      """TAG[.postDISTANCE[.dev0]+gHEX] .
  
      The ".dev0" means dirty. Note that .dev0 sorts backwards
      (a dirty tree will appear "older" than the corresponding clean one),
      but you shouldn't be releasing software with -dirty anyways.
  
      Exceptions:
      1: no tags. 0.postDISTANCE[.dev0]
      """
      if pieces["closest-tag"]:
          rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
          if pieces["distance"] or pieces["dirty"]:
              rendered += ".post%%d" %% pieces["distance"]
              if pieces["dirty"]:
                  rendered += ".dev0"
              rendered += plus_or_dot(pieces)
              rendered += "g%%s" %% pieces["short"]
      else:
          # exception #1
          rendered = "0.post%%d" %% pieces["distance"]
          if pieces["dirty"]:
              rendered += ".dev0"
          rendered += "+g%%s" %% pieces["short"]
      return rendered
  
  
  def render_pep440_post_branch(pieces):
      """TAG[.postDISTANCE[.dev0]+gHEX[.dirty]] .
  
      The ".dev0" means not master branch.
  
      Exceptions:
      1: no tags. 0.postDISTANCE[.dev0]+gHEX[.dirty]
      """
      if pieces["closest-tag"]:
          rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
          if pieces["distance"] or pieces["dirty"]:
              rendered += ".post%%d" %% pieces["distance"]
              if pieces["branch"] != "master":
                  rendered += ".dev0"
              rendered += plus_or_dot(pieces)
              rendered += "g%%s" %% pieces["short"]
              if pieces["dirty"]:
                  rendered += ".dirty"
      else:
          # exception #1
          rendered = "0.post%%d" %% pieces["distance"]
          if pieces["branch"] != "master":
              rendered += ".dev0"
          rendered += "+g%%s" %% pieces["short"]
          if pieces["dirty"]:
              rendered += ".dirty"
      return rendered
  
  
  def render_pep440_old(pieces):
      """TAG[.postDISTANCE[.dev0]] .
  
      The ".dev0" means dirty.
  
      Exceptions:
      1: no tags. 0.postDISTANCE[.dev0]
      """
      if pieces["closest-tag"]:
          rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
          if pieces["distance"] or pieces["dirty"]:
              rendered += ".post%%d" %% pieces["distance"]
              if pieces["dirty"]:
                  rendered += ".dev0"
      else:
          # exception #1
          rendered = "0.post%%d" %% pieces["distance"]
          if pieces["dirty"]:
              rendered += ".dev0"
      return rendered
  
  
  def render_git_describe(pieces):
      """TAG[-DISTANCE-gHEX][-dirty].
  
      Like 'git describe --tags --dirty --always'.
  
      Exceptions:
      1: no tags. HEX[-dirty]  (note: no 'g' prefix)
      """
      if pieces["closest-tag"]:
          rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
          if pieces["distance"]:
              rendered += "-%%d-g%%s" %% (pieces["distance"], pieces["short"])
      else:
          # exception #1
          rendered = pieces["short"]
      if pieces["dirty"]:
          rendered += "-dirty"
      return rendered
  
  
  def render_git_describe_long(pieces):
      """TAG-DISTANCE-gHEX[-dirty].
  
      Like 'git describe --tags --dirty --always -long'.
      The distance/hash is unconditional.
  
      Exceptions:
      1: no tags. HEX[-dirty]  (note: no 'g' prefix)
      """
      if pieces["closest-tag"]:
          rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
          rendered += "-%%d-g%%s" %% (pieces["distance"], pieces["short"])
      else:
          # exception #1
          rendered = pieces["short"]
      if pieces["dirty"]:
          rendered += "-dirty"
      return rendered
  
  
  def render(pieces, style):
      """Render the given version pieces into the requested style."""
      if pieces["error"]:
          return {"version": "unknown",
                  "full-revisionid": pieces.get("long"),
                  "dirty": None,
                  "error": pieces["error"],
                  "date": None}
  
      if not style or style == "default":
          style = "pep440"  # the default
  
      if style == "pep440":
          rendered = render_pep440(pieces)
      elif style == "pep440-branch":
          rendered = render_pep440_branch(pieces)
      elif style == "pep440-pre":
          rendered = render_pep440_pre(pieces)
      elif style == "pep440-post":
          rendered = render_pep440_post(pieces)
      elif style == "pep440-post-branch":
          rendered = render_pep440_post_branch(pieces)
      elif style == "pep440-old":
          rendered = render_pep440_old(pieces)
      elif style == "git-describe":
          rendered = render_git_describe(pieces)
      elif style == "git-describe-long":
          rendered = render_git_describe_long(pieces)
      else:
          raise ValueError("unknown style '%%s'" %% style)
  
      return {"version": rendered, "full-revisionid": pieces["long"],
              "dirty": pieces["dirty"], "error": None,
              "date": pieces.get("date")}
  
  
  def get_versions():
      """Get version information or return default if unable to do so."""
      # I am in _version.py, which lives at ROOT/VERSIONFILE_SOURCE. If we have
      # __file__, we can work backwards from there to the root. Some
      # py2exe/bbfreeze/non-CPython implementations don't do __file__, in which
      # case we can only use expanded keywords.
  
      cfg = get_config()
      verbose = cfg.verbose
  
      try:
          return git_versions_from_keywords(get_keywords(), cfg.tag_prefix,
                                            verbose)
      except NotThisMethod:
          pass
  
      try:
          root = os.path.realpath(__file__)
          # versionfile_source is the relative path from the top of the source
          # tree (where the .git directory might live) to this file. Invert
          # this to find the root from __file__.
          for _ in cfg.versionfile_source.split('/'):
              root = os.path.dirname(root)
      except NameError:
          return {"version": "0+unknown", "full-revisionid": None,
                  "dirty": None,
                  "error": "unable to find root of source tree",
                  "date": None}
  
      try:
          pieces = git_pieces_from_vcs(cfg.tag_prefix, root, verbose)
          return render(pieces, cfg.style)
      except NotThisMethod:
          pass
  
      try:
          if cfg.parentdir_prefix:
              return versions_from_parentdir(cfg.parentdir_prefix, root, verbose)
      except NotThisMethod:
          pass
  
      return {"version": "0+unknown", "full-revisionid": None,
              "dirty": None,
              "error": "unable to compute version", "date": None}
  '''
  
  
  @register_vcs_handler("git", "get_keywords")
  def git_get_keywords(versionfile_abs):
      """Extract version information from the given file."""
      # the code embedded in _version.py can just fetch the value of these
      # keywords. When used from setup.py, we don't want to import _version.py,
      # so we do it with a regexp instead. This function is not used from
      # _version.py.
      keywords = {}
      try:
          with open(versionfile_abs, "r") as fobj:
              for line in fobj:
                  if line.strip().startswith("git_refnames ="):
                      mo = re.search(r'=\s*"(.*)"', line)
                      if mo:
                          keywords["refnames"] = mo.group(1)
                  if line.strip().startswith("git_full ="):
                      mo = re.search(r'=\s*"(.*)"', line)
                      if mo:
                          keywords["full"] = mo.group(1)
                  if line.strip().startswith("git_date ="):
                      mo = re.search(r'=\s*"(.*)"', line)
                      if mo:
                          keywords["date"] = mo.group(1)
      except EnvironmentError:
          pass
      return keywords
  
  
  @register_vcs_handler("git", "keywords")
  def git_versions_from_keywords(keywords, tag_prefix, verbose):
      """Get version information from git keywords."""
      if "refnames" not in keywords:
          raise NotThisMethod("Short version file found")
      date = keywords.get("date")
      if date is not None:
          # Use only the last line.  Previous lines may contain GPG signature
          # information.
          date = date.splitlines()[-1]
  
          # git-2.2.0 added "%cI", which expands to an ISO-8601 -compliant
          # datestamp. However we prefer "%ci" (which expands to an "ISO-8601
          # -like" string, which we must then edit to make compliant), because
          # it's been around since git-1.5.3, and it's too difficult to
          # discover which version we're using, or to work around using an
          # older one.
          date = date.strip().replace(" ", "T", 1).replace(" ", "", 1)
      refnames = keywords["refnames"].strip()
      if refnames.startswith("$Format"):
          if verbose:
              print("keywords are unexpanded, not using")
          raise NotThisMethod("unexpanded keywords, not a git-archive tarball")
      refs = {r.strip() for r in refnames.strip("()").split(",")}
      # starting in git-1.8.3, tags are listed as "tag: foo-1.0" instead of
      # just "foo-1.0". If we see a "tag: " prefix, prefer those.
      TAG = "tag: "
      tags = {r[len(TAG):] for r in refs if r.startswith(TAG)}
      if not tags:
          # Either we're using git < 1.8.3, or there really are no tags. We use
          # a heuristic: assume all version tags have a digit. The old git %d
          # expansion behaves like git log --decorate=short and strips out the
          # refs/heads/ and refs/tags/ prefixes that would let us distinguish
          # between branches and tags. By ignoring refnames without digits, we
          # filter out many common branch names like "release" and
          # "stabilization", as well as "HEAD" and "master".
          tags = {r for r in refs if re.search(r'\d', r)}
          if verbose:
              print("discarding '%s', no digits" % ",".join(refs - tags))
      if verbose:
          print("likely tags: %s" % ",".join(sorted(tags)))
      for ref in sorted(tags):
          # sorting will prefer e.g. "2.0" over "2.0rc1"
          if ref.startswith(tag_prefix):
              r = ref[len(tag_prefix):]
              # Filter out refs that exactly match prefix or that don't start
              # with a number once the prefix is stripped (mostly a concern
              # when prefix is '')
              if not re.match(r'\d', r):
                  continue
              if verbose:
                  print("picking %s" % r)
              return {"version": r,
                      "full-revisionid": keywords["full"].strip(),
                      "dirty": False, "error": None,
                      "date": date}
      # no suitable tags, so version is "0+unknown", but full hex is still there
      if verbose:
          print("no suitable tags, using unknown + full revision id")
      return {"version": "0+unknown",
              "full-revisionid": keywords["full"].strip(),
              "dirty": False, "error": "no suitable tags", "date": None}
  
  
  @register_vcs_handler("git", "pieces_from_vcs")
  def git_pieces_from_vcs(tag_prefix, root, verbose, runner=run_command):
      """Get version from 'git describe' in the root of the source tree.
  
      This only gets called if the git-archive 'subst' keywords were *not*
      expanded, and _version.py hasn't already been rewritten with a short
      version string, meaning we're inside a checked out source tree.
      """
      GITS = ["git"]
      if sys.platform == "win32":
          GITS = ["git.cmd", "git.exe"]
  
      _, rc = runner(GITS, ["rev-parse", "--git-dir"], cwd=root,
                     hide_stderr=True)
      if rc != 0:
          if verbose:
              print("Directory %s not under git control" % root)
          raise NotThisMethod("'git rev-parse --git-dir' returned error")
  
      # if there is a tag matching tag_prefix, this yields TAG-NUM-gHEX[-dirty]
      # if there isn't one, this yields HEX[-dirty] (no NUM)
      describe_out, rc = runner(GITS, ["describe", "--tags", "--dirty",
                                       "--always", "--long",
                                       "--match", "%s*" % tag_prefix],
                                cwd=root)
      # --long was added in git-1.5.5
      if describe_out is None:
          raise NotThisMethod("'git describe' failed")
      describe_out = describe_out.strip()
      full_out, rc = runner(GITS, ["rev-parse", "HEAD"], cwd=root)
      if full_out is None:
          raise NotThisMethod("'git rev-parse' failed")
      full_out = full_out.strip()
  
      pieces = {}
      pieces["long"] = full_out
      pieces["short"] = full_out[:7]  # maybe improved later
      pieces["error"] = None
  
      branch_name, rc = runner(GITS, ["rev-parse", "--abbrev-ref", "HEAD"],
                               cwd=root)
      # --abbrev-ref was added in git-1.6.3
      if rc != 0 or branch_name is None:
          raise NotThisMethod("'git rev-parse --abbrev-ref' returned error")
      branch_name = branch_name.strip()
  
      if branch_name == "HEAD":
          # If we aren't exactly on a branch, pick a branch which represents
          # the current commit. If all else fails, we are on a branchless
          # commit.
          branches, rc = runner(GITS, ["branch", "--contains"], cwd=root)
          # --contains was added in git-1.5.4
          if rc != 0 or branches is None:
              raise NotThisMethod("'git branch --contains' returned error")
          branches = branches.split("\n")
  
          # Remove the first line if we're running detached
          if "(" in branches[0]:
              branches.pop(0)
  
          # Strip off the leading "* " from the list of branches.
          branches = [branch[2:] for branch in branches]
          if "master" in branches:
              branch_name = "master"
          elif not branches:
              branch_name = None
          else:
              # Pick the first branch that is returned. Good or bad.
              branch_name = branches[0]
  
      pieces["branch"] = branch_name
  
      # parse describe_out. It will be like TAG-NUM-gHEX[-dirty] or HEX[-dirty]
      # TAG might have hyphens.
      git_describe = describe_out
  
      # look for -dirty suffix
      dirty = git_describe.endswith("-dirty")
      pieces["dirty"] = dirty
      if dirty:
          git_describe = git_describe[:git_describe.rindex("-dirty")]
  
      # now we have TAG-NUM-gHEX or HEX
  
      if "-" in git_describe:
          # TAG-NUM-gHEX
          mo = re.search(r'^(.+)-(\d+)-g([0-9a-f]+)$', git_describe)
          if not mo:
              # unparseable. Maybe git-describe is misbehaving?
              pieces["error"] = ("unable to parse git-describe output: '%s'"
                                 % describe_out)
              return pieces
  
          # tag
          full_tag = mo.group(1)
          if not full_tag.startswith(tag_prefix):
              if verbose:
                  fmt = "tag '%s' doesn't start with prefix '%s'"
                  print(fmt % (full_tag, tag_prefix))
              pieces["error"] = ("tag '%s' doesn't start with prefix '%s'"
                                 % (full_tag, tag_prefix))
              return pieces
          pieces["closest-tag"] = full_tag[len(tag_prefix):]
  
          # distance: number of commits since tag
          pieces["distance"] = int(mo.group(2))
  
          # commit: short hex revision ID
          pieces["short"] = mo.group(3)
  
      else:
          # HEX: no tags
          pieces["closest-tag"] = None
          count_out, rc = runner(GITS, ["rev-list", "HEAD", "--count"], cwd=root)
          pieces["distance"] = int(count_out)  # total number of commits
  
      # commit date: see ISO-8601 comment in git_versions_from_keywords()
      date = runner(GITS, ["show", "-s", "--format=%ci", "HEAD"], cwd=root)[0].strip()
      # Use only the last line.  Previous lines may contain GPG signature
      # information.
      date = date.splitlines()[-1]
      pieces["date"] = date.strip().replace(" ", "T", 1).replace(" ", "", 1)
  
      return pieces
  
  
  def do_vcs_install(manifest_in, versionfile_source, ipy):
      """Git-specific installation logic for Versioneer.
  
      For Git, this means creating/changing .gitattributes to mark _version.py
      for export-subst keyword substitution.
      """
      GITS = ["git"]
      if sys.platform == "win32":
          GITS = ["git.cmd", "git.exe"]
      files = [manifest_in, versionfile_source]
      if ipy:
          files.append(ipy)
      try:
          my_path = __file__
          if my_path.endswith(".pyc") or my_path.endswith(".pyo"):
              my_path = os.path.splitext(my_path)[0] + ".py"
          versioneer_file = os.path.relpath(my_path)
      except NameError:
          versioneer_file = "versioneer.py"
      files.append(versioneer_file)
      present = False
      try:
          with open(".gitattributes", "r") as fobj:
              for line in fobj:
                  if line.strip().startswith(versionfile_source):
                      if "export-subst" in line.strip().split()[1:]:
                          present = True
                          break
      except EnvironmentError:
          pass
      if not present:
          with open(".gitattributes", "a+") as fobj:
              fobj.write(f"{versionfile_source} export-subst\n")
          files.append(".gitattributes")
      run_command(GITS, ["add", "--"] + files)
  
  
  def versions_from_parentdir(parentdir_prefix, root, verbose):
      """Try to determine the version from the parent directory name.
  
      Source tarballs conventionally unpack into a directory that includes both
      the project name and a version string. We will also support searching up
      two directory levels for an appropriately named parent directory
      """
      rootdirs = []
  
      for _ in range(3):
          dirname = os.path.basename(root)
          if dirname.startswith(parentdir_prefix):
              return {"version": dirname[len(parentdir_prefix):],
                      "full-revisionid": None,
                      "dirty": False, "error": None, "date": None}
          rootdirs.append(root)
          root = os.path.dirname(root)  # up a level
  
      if verbose:
          print("Tried directories %s but none started with prefix %s" %
                (str(rootdirs), parentdir_prefix))
      raise NotThisMethod("rootdir doesn't start with parentdir_prefix")
  
  
  SHORT_VERSION_PY = """
  # This file was generated by 'versioneer.py' (0.20) from
  # revision-control system data, or from the parent directory name of an
  # unpacked source archive. Distribution tarballs contain a pre-generated copy
  # of this file.
  
  import json
  
  version_json = '''
  %s
  '''  # END VERSION_JSON
  
  
  def get_versions():
      return json.loads(version_json)
  """
  
  
  def versions_from_file(filename):
      """Try to determine the version from _version.py if present."""
      try:
          with open(filename) as f:
              contents = f.read()
      except EnvironmentError:
          raise NotThisMethod("unable to read _version.py")
      mo = re.search(r"version_json = '''\n(.*)'''  # END VERSION_JSON",
                     contents, re.M | re.S)
      if not mo:
          mo = re.search(r"version_json = '''\r\n(.*)'''  # END VERSION_JSON",
                         contents, re.M | re.S)
      if not mo:
          raise NotThisMethod("no version_json in _version.py")
      return json.loads(mo.group(1))
  
  
  def write_to_version_file(filename, versions):
      """Write the given version number to the given _version.py file."""
      os.unlink(filename)
      contents = json.dumps(versions, sort_keys=True,
                            indent=1, separators=(",", ": "))
      with open(filename, "w") as f:
          f.write(SHORT_VERSION_PY % contents)
  
      print("set %s to '%s'" % (filename, versions["version"]))
  
  
  def plus_or_dot(pieces):
      """Return a + if we don't already have one, else return a ."""
      if "+" in pieces.get("closest-tag", ""):
          return "."
      return "+"
  
  
  def render_pep440(pieces):
      """Build up version string, with post-release "local version identifier".
  
      Our goal: TAG[+DISTANCE.gHEX[.dirty]] . Note that if you
      get a tagged build and then dirty it, you'll get TAG+0.gHEX.dirty
  
      Exceptions:
      1: no tags. git_describe was just HEX. 0+untagged.DISTANCE.gHEX[.dirty]
      """
      if pieces["closest-tag"]:
          rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
          if pieces["distance"] or pieces["dirty"]:
              rendered += plus_or_dot(pieces)
              rendered += "%d.g%s" % (pieces["distance"], pieces["short"])
              if pieces["dirty"]:
                  rendered += ".dirty"
      else:
          # exception #1
          rendered = "0+untagged.%d.g%s" % (pieces["distance"],
                                            pieces["short"])
          if pieces["dirty"]:
              rendered += ".dirty"
      return rendered
  
  
  def render_pep440_branch(pieces):
      """TAG[[.dev0]+DISTANCE.gHEX[.dirty]] .
  
      The ".dev0" means not master branch. Note that .dev0 sorts backwards
      (a feature branch will appear "older" than the master branch).
  
      Exceptions:
      1: no tags. 0[.dev0]+untagged.DISTANCE.gHEX[.dirty]
      """
      if pieces["closest-tag"]:
          rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
          if pieces["distance"] or pieces["dirty"]:
              if pieces["branch"] != "master":
                  rendered += ".dev0"
              rendered += plus_or_dot(pieces)
              rendered += "%d.g%s" % (pieces["distance"], pieces["short"])
              if pieces["dirty"]:
                  rendered += ".dirty"
      else:
          # exception #1
          rendered = "0"
          if pieces["branch"] != "master":
              rendered += ".dev0"
          rendered += "+untagged.%d.g%s" % (pieces["distance"],
                                            pieces["short"])
          if pieces["dirty"]:
              rendered += ".dirty"
      return rendered
  
  
  def render_pep440_pre(pieces):
      """TAG[.post0.devDISTANCE] -- No -dirty.
  
      Exceptions:
      1: no tags. 0.post0.devDISTANCE
      """
      if pieces["closest-tag"]:
          rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
          if pieces["distance"]:
              rendered += ".post0.dev%d" % pieces["distance"]
      else:
          # exception #1
          rendered = "0.post0.dev%d" % pieces["distance"]
      return rendered
  
  
  def render_pep440_post(pieces):
      """TAG[.postDISTANCE[.dev0]+gHEX] .
  
      The ".dev0" means dirty. Note that .dev0 sorts backwards
      (a dirty tree will appear "older" than the corresponding clean one),
      but you shouldn't be releasing software with -dirty anyways.
  
      Exceptions:
      1: no tags. 0.postDISTANCE[.dev0]
      """
      if pieces["closest-tag"]:
          rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
          if pieces["distance"] or pieces["dirty"]:
              rendered += ".post%d" % pieces["distance"]
              if pieces["dirty"]:
                  rendered += ".dev0"
              rendered += plus_or_dot(pieces)
              rendered += "g%s" % pieces["short"]
      else:
          # exception #1
          rendered = "0.post%d" % pieces["distance"]
          if pieces["dirty"]:
              rendered += ".dev0"
          rendered += "+g%s" % pieces["short"]
      return rendered
  
  
  def render_pep440_post_branch(pieces):
      """TAG[.postDISTANCE[.dev0]+gHEX[.dirty]] .
  
      The ".dev0" means not master branch.
  
      Exceptions:
      1: no tags. 0.postDISTANCE[.dev0]+gHEX[.dirty]
      """
      if pieces["closest-tag"]:
          rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
          if pieces["distance"] or pieces["dirty"]:
              rendered += ".post%d" % pieces["distance"]
              if pieces["branch"] != "master":
                  rendered += ".dev0"
              rendered += plus_or_dot(pieces)
              rendered += "g%s" % pieces["short"]
              if pieces["dirty"]:
                  rendered += ".dirty"
      else:
          # exception #1
          rendered = "0.post%d" % pieces["distance"]
          if pieces["branch"] != "master":
              rendered += ".dev0"
          rendered += "+g%s" % pieces["short"]
          if pieces["dirty"]:
              rendered += ".dirty"
      return rendered
  
  
  def render_pep440_old(pieces):
      """TAG[.postDISTANCE[.dev0]] .
  
      The ".dev0" means dirty.
  
      Exceptions:
      1: no tags. 0.postDISTANCE[.dev0]
      """
      if pieces["closest-tag"]:
          rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
          if pieces["distance"] or pieces["dirty"]:
              rendered += ".post%d" % pieces["distance"]
              if pieces["dirty"]:
                  rendered += ".dev0"
      else:
          # exception #1
          rendered = "0.post%d" % pieces["distance"]
          if pieces["dirty"]:
              rendered += ".dev0"
      return rendered
  
  
  def render_git_describe(pieces):
      """TAG[-DISTANCE-gHEX][-dirty].
  
      Like 'git describe --tags --dirty --always'.
  
      Exceptions:
      1: no tags. HEX[-dirty]  (note: no 'g' prefix)
      """
      if pieces["closest-tag"]:
          rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
          if pieces["distance"]:
              rendered += "-%d-g%s" % (pieces["distance"], pieces["short"])
      else:
          # exception #1
          rendered = pieces["short"]
      if pieces["dirty"]:
          rendered += "-dirty"
      return rendered
  
  
  def render_git_describe_long(pieces):
      """TAG-DISTANCE-gHEX[-dirty].
  
      Like 'git describe --tags --dirty --always -long'.
      The distance/hash is unconditional.
  
      Exceptions:
      1: no tags. HEX[-dirty]  (note: no 'g' prefix)
      """
      if pieces["closest-tag"]:
          rendered = pieces["closest-tag"]
          rendered += "-%d-g%s" % (pieces["distance"], pieces["short"])
      else:
          # exception #1
          rendered = pieces["short"]
      if pieces["dirty"]:
          rendered += "-dirty"
      return rendered
  
  
  def render(pieces, style):
      """Render the given version pieces into the requested style."""
      if pieces["error"]:
          return {"version": "unknown",
                  "full-revisionid": pieces.get("long"),
                  "dirty": None,
                  "error": pieces["error"],
                  "date": None}
  
      if not style or style == "default":
          style = "pep440"  # the default
  
      if style == "pep440":
          rendered = render_pep440(pieces)
      elif style == "pep440-branch":
          rendered = render_pep440_branch(pieces)
      elif style == "pep440-pre":
          rendered = render_pep440_pre(pieces)
      elif style == "pep440-post":
          rendered = render_pep440_post(pieces)
      elif style == "pep440-post-branch":
          rendered = render_pep440_post_branch(pieces)
      elif style == "pep440-old":
          rendered = render_pep440_old(pieces)
      elif style == "git-describe":
          rendered = render_git_describe(pieces)
      elif style == "git-describe-long":
          rendered = render_git_describe_long(pieces)
      else:
          raise ValueError("unknown style '%s'" % style)
  
      return {"version": rendered, "full-revisionid": pieces["long"],
              "dirty": pieces["dirty"], "error": None,
              "date": pieces.get("date")}
  
  
  class VersioneerBadRootError(Exception):
      """The project root directory is unknown or missing key files."""
  
  
  def get_versions(verbose=False):
      """Get the project version from whatever source is available.
  
      Returns dict with two keys: 'version' and 'full'.
      """
      if "versioneer" in sys.modules:
          # see the discussion in cmdclass.py:get_cmdclass()
          del sys.modules["versioneer"]
  
      root = get_root()
      cfg = get_config_from_root(root)
  
      assert cfg.VCS is not None, "please set [versioneer]VCS= in setup.cfg"
      handlers = HANDLERS.get(cfg.VCS)
      assert handlers, "unrecognized VCS '%s'" % cfg.VCS
      verbose = verbose or cfg.verbose
      assert cfg.versionfile_source is not None, \
          "please set versioneer.versionfile_source"
      assert cfg.tag_prefix is not None, "please set versioneer.tag_prefix"
  
      versionfile_abs = os.path.join(root, cfg.versionfile_source)
  
      # extract version from first of: _version.py, VCS command (e.g. 'git
      # describe'), parentdir. This is meant to work for developers using a
      # source checkout, for users of a tarball created by 'setup.py sdist',
      # and for users of a tarball/zipball created by 'git archive' or github's
      # download-from-tag feature or the equivalent in other VCSes.
  
      get_keywords_f = handlers.get("get_keywords")
      from_keywords_f = handlers.get("keywords")
      if get_keywords_f and from_keywords_f:
          try:
              keywords = get_keywords_f(versionfile_abs)
              ver = from_keywords_f(keywords, cfg.tag_prefix, verbose)
              if verbose:
                  print("got version from expanded keyword %s" % ver)
              return ver
          except NotThisMethod:
              pass
  
      try:
          ver = versions_from_file(versionfile_abs)
          if verbose:
              print("got version from file %s %s" % (versionfile_abs, ver))
          return ver
      except NotThisMethod:
          pass
  
      from_vcs_f = handlers.get("pieces_from_vcs")
      if from_vcs_f:
          try:
              pieces = from_vcs_f(cfg.tag_prefix, root, verbose)
              ver = render(pieces, cfg.style)
              if verbose:
                  print("got version from VCS %s" % ver)
              return ver
          except NotThisMethod:
              pass
  
      try:
          if cfg.parentdir_prefix:
              ver = versions_from_parentdir(cfg.parentdir_prefix, root, verbose)
              if verbose:
                  print("got version from parentdir %s" % ver)
              return ver
      except NotThisMethod:
          pass
  
      if verbose:
          print("unable to compute version")
  
      return {"version": "0+unknown", "full-revisionid": None,
              "dirty": None, "error": "unable to compute version",
              "date": None}
  
  
  def get_version():
      """Get the short version string for this project."""
      return get_versions()["version"]
  
  
  def get_cmdclass(cmdclass=None):
      """Get the custom setuptools/distutils subclasses used by Versioneer.
  
      If the package uses a different cmdclass (e.g. one from numpy), it
      should be provide as an argument.
      """
      if "versioneer" in sys.modules:
          del sys.modules["versioneer"]
          # this fixes the "python setup.py develop" case (also 'install' and
          # 'easy_install .'), in which subdependencies of the main project are
          # built (using setup.py bdist_egg) in the same python process. Assume
          # a main project A and a dependency B, which use different versions
          # of Versioneer. A's setup.py imports A's Versioneer, leaving it in
          # sys.modules by the time B's setup.py is executed, causing B to run
          # with the wrong versioneer. Setuptools wraps the sub-dep builds in a
          # sandbox that restores sys.modules to it's pre-build state, so the
          # parent is protected against the child's "import versioneer". By
          # removing ourselves from sys.modules here, before the child build
          # happens, we protect the child from the parent's versioneer too.
          # Also see https://github.com/python-versioneer/python-versioneer/issues/52
  
      cmds = {} if cmdclass is None else cmdclass.copy()
  
      # we add "version" to both distutils and setuptools
      from distutils.core import Command
  
      class cmd_version(Command):
          description = "report generated version string"
          user_options = []
          boolean_options = []
  
          def initialize_options(self):
              pass
  
          def finalize_options(self):
              pass
  
          def run(self):
              vers = get_versions(verbose=True)
              print("Version: %s" % vers["version"])
              print(" full-revisionid: %s" % vers.get("full-revisionid"))
              print(" dirty: %s" % vers.get("dirty"))
              print(" date: %s" % vers.get("date"))
              if vers["error"]:
                  print(" error: %s" % vers["error"])
      cmds["version"] = cmd_version
  
      # we override "build_py" in both distutils and setuptools
      #
      # most invocation pathways end up running build_py:
      #  distutils/build -> build_py
      #  distutils/install -> distutils/build ->..
      #  setuptools/bdist_wheel -> distutils/install ->..
      #  setuptools/bdist_egg -> distutils/install_lib -> build_py
      #  setuptools/install -> bdist_egg ->..
      #  setuptools/develop -> ?
      #  pip install:
      #   copies source tree to a tempdir before running egg_info/etc
      #   if .git isn't copied too, 'git describe' will fail
      #   then does setup.py bdist_wheel, or sometimes setup.py install
      #  setup.py egg_info -> ?
  
      # we override different "build_py" commands for both environments
      if 'build_py' in cmds:
          _build_py = cmds['build_py']
      elif "setuptools" in sys.modules:
          from setuptools.command.build_py import build_py as _build_py
      else:
          from distutils.command.build_py import build_py as _build_py
  
      class cmd_build_py(_build_py):
          def run(self):
              root = get_root()
              cfg = get_config_from_root(root)
              versions = get_versions()
              _build_py.run(self)
              # now locate _version.py in the new build/ directory and replace
              # it with an updated value
              if cfg.versionfile_build:
                  target_versionfile = os.path.join(self.build_lib,
                                                    cfg.versionfile_build)
                  print("UPDATING %s" % target_versionfile)
                  write_to_version_file(target_versionfile, versions)
      cmds["build_py"] = cmd_build_py
  
      if 'build_ext' in cmds:
          _build_ext = cmds['build_ext']
      elif "setuptools" in sys.modules:
          from setuptools.command.build_ext import build_ext as _build_ext
      else:
          from distutils.command.build_ext import build_ext as _build_ext
  
      class cmd_build_ext(_build_ext):
          def run(self):
              root = get_root()
              cfg = get_config_from_root(root)
              versions = get_versions()
              _build_ext.run(self)
              if self.inplace:
                  # build_ext --inplace will only build extensions in
                  # build/lib<..> dir with no _version.py to write to.
                  # As in place builds will already have a _version.py
                  # in the module dir, we do not need to write one.
                  return
              # now locate _version.py in the new build/ directory and replace
              # it with an updated value
              target_versionfile = os.path.join(self.build_lib,
                                                cfg.versionfile_build)
              print("UPDATING %s" % target_versionfile)
              write_to_version_file(target_versionfile, versions)
      cmds["build_ext"] = cmd_build_ext
  
      if "cx_Freeze" in sys.modules:  # cx_freeze enabled?
          from cx_Freeze.dist import build_exe as _build_exe
          # nczeczulin reports that py2exe won't like the pep440-style string
          # as FILEVERSION, but it can be used for PRODUCTVERSION, e.g.
          # setup(console=[{
          #   "version": versioneer.get_version().split("+", 1)[0], # FILEVERSION
          #   "product_version": versioneer.get_version(),
          #   ...
  
          class cmd_build_exe(_build_exe):
              def run(self):
                  root = get_root()
                  cfg = get_config_from_root(root)
                  versions = get_versions()
                  target_versionfile = cfg.versionfile_source
                  print("UPDATING %s" % target_versionfile)
                  write_to_version_file(target_versionfile, versions)
  
                  _build_exe.run(self)
                  os.unlink(target_versionfile)
                  with open(cfg.versionfile_source, "w") as f:
                      LONG = LONG_VERSION_PY[cfg.VCS]
                      f.write(LONG %
                              {"DOLLAR": "$",
                               "STYLE": cfg.style,
                               "TAG_PREFIX": cfg.tag_prefix,
                               "PARENTDIR_PREFIX": cfg.parentdir_prefix,
                               "VERSIONFILE_SOURCE": cfg.versionfile_source,
                               })
          cmds["build_exe"] = cmd_build_exe
          del cmds["build_py"]
  
      if 'py2exe' in sys.modules:  # py2exe enabled?
          from py2exe.distutils_buildexe import py2exe as _py2exe
  
          class cmd_py2exe(_py2exe):
              def run(self):
                  root = get_root()
                  cfg = get_config_from_root(root)
                  versions = get_versions()
                  target_versionfile = cfg.versionfile_source
                  print("UPDATING %s" % target_versionfile)
                  write_to_version_file(target_versionfile, versions)
  
                  _py2exe.run(self)
                  os.unlink(target_versionfile)
                  with open(cfg.versionfile_source, "w") as f:
                      LONG = LONG_VERSION_PY[cfg.VCS]
                      f.write(LONG %
                              {"DOLLAR": "$",
                               "STYLE": cfg.style,
                               "TAG_PREFIX": cfg.tag_prefix,
                               "PARENTDIR_PREFIX": cfg.parentdir_prefix,
                               "VERSIONFILE_SOURCE": cfg.versionfile_source,
                               })
          cmds["py2exe"] = cmd_py2exe
  
      # we override different "sdist" commands for both environments
      if 'sdist' in cmds:
          _sdist = cmds['sdist']
      elif "setuptools" in sys.modules:
          from setuptools.command.sdist import sdist as _sdist
      else:
          from distutils.command.sdist import sdist as _sdist
  
      class cmd_sdist(_sdist):
          def run(self):
              versions = get_versions()
              # pylint:disable=attribute-defined-outside-init # noqa
              self._versioneer_generated_versions = versions
              # unless we update this, the command will keep using the old
              # version
              self.distribution.metadata.version = versions["version"]
              return _sdist.run(self)
  
          def make_release_tree(self, base_dir, files):
              root = get_root()
              cfg = get_config_from_root(root)
              _sdist.make_release_tree(self, base_dir, files)
              # now locate _version.py in the new base_dir directory
              # (remembering that it may be a hardlink) and replace it with an
              # updated value
              target_versionfile = os.path.join(base_dir, cfg.versionfile_source)
              print("UPDATING %s" % target_versionfile)
              write_to_version_file(target_versionfile,
                                    self._versioneer_generated_versions)
      cmds["sdist"] = cmd_sdist
  
      return cmds
  
  
  CONFIG_ERROR = """
  setup.cfg is missing the necessary Versioneer configuration. You need
  a section like:
  
   [versioneer]
   VCS = git
   style = pep440
   versionfile_source = src/myproject/_version.py
   versionfile_build = myproject/_version.py
   tag_prefix =
   parentdir_prefix = myproject-
  
  You will also need to edit your setup.py to use the results:
  
   import versioneer
   setup(version=versioneer.get_version(),
         cmdclass=versioneer.get_cmdclass(), ...)
  
  Please read the docstring in ./versioneer.py for configuration instructions,
  edit setup.cfg, and re-run the installer or 'python versioneer.py setup'.
  """
  
  SAMPLE_CONFIG = """
  # See the docstring in versioneer.py for instructions. Note that you must
  # re-run 'versioneer.py setup' after changing this section, and commit the
  # resulting files.
  
  [versioneer]
  #VCS = git
  #style = pep440
  #versionfile_source =
  #versionfile_build =
  #tag_prefix =
  #parentdir_prefix =
  
  """
  
  OLD_SNIPPET = """
  from ._version import get_versions
  __version__ = get_versions()['version']
  del get_versions
  """
  
  INIT_PY_SNIPPET = """
  from . import {0}
  __version__ = {0}.get_versions()['version']
  """
  
  
  def do_setup():
      """Do main VCS-independent setup function for installing Versioneer."""
      root = get_root()
      try:
          cfg = get_config_from_root(root)
      except (EnvironmentError, configparser.NoSectionError,
              configparser.NoOptionError) as e:
          if isinstance(e, (EnvironmentError, configparser.NoSectionError)):
              print("Adding sample versioneer config to setup.cfg",
                    file=sys.stderr)
              with open(os.path.join(root, "setup.cfg"), "a") as f:
                  f.write(SAMPLE_CONFIG)
          print(CONFIG_ERROR, file=sys.stderr)
          return 1
  
      print(" creating %s" % cfg.versionfile_source)
      with open(cfg.versionfile_source, "w") as f:
          LONG = LONG_VERSION_PY[cfg.VCS]
          f.write(LONG % {"DOLLAR": "$",
                          "STYLE": cfg.style,
                          "TAG_PREFIX": cfg.tag_prefix,
                          "PARENTDIR_PREFIX": cfg.parentdir_prefix,
                          "VERSIONFILE_SOURCE": cfg.versionfile_source,
                          })
  
      ipy = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(cfg.versionfile_source),
                         "__init__.py")
      if os.path.exists(ipy):
          try:
              with open(ipy, "r") as f:
                  old = f.read()
          except EnvironmentError:
              old = ""
          module = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(cfg.versionfile_source))[0]
          snippet = INIT_PY_SNIPPET.format(module)
          if OLD_SNIPPET in old:
              print(" replacing boilerplate in %s" % ipy)
              with open(ipy, "w") as f:
                  f.write(old.replace(OLD_SNIPPET, snippet))
          elif snippet not in old:
              print(" appending to %s" % ipy)
              with open(ipy, "a") as f:
                  f.write(snippet)
          else:
              print(" %s unmodified" % ipy)
      else:
          print(" %s doesn't exist, ok" % ipy)
          ipy = None
  
      # Make sure both the top-level "versioneer.py" and versionfile_source
      # (PKG/_version.py, used by runtime code) are in MANIFEST.in, so
      # they'll be copied into source distributions. Pip won't be able to
      # install the package without this.
      manifest_in = os.path.join(root, "MANIFEST.in")
      simple_includes = set()
      try:
          with open(manifest_in, "r") as f:
              for line in f:
                  if line.startswith("include "):
                      for include in line.split()[1:]:
                          simple_includes.add(include)
      except EnvironmentError:
          pass
      # That doesn't cover everything MANIFEST.in can do
      # (https://docs.python.org/2/distutils/sourcedist.html#commands), so
      # it might give some false negatives. Appending redundant 'include'
      # lines is safe, though.
      if "versioneer.py" not in simple_includes:
          print(" appending 'versioneer.py' to MANIFEST.in")
          with open(manifest_in, "a") as f:
              f.write("include versioneer.py\n")
      else:
          print(" 'versioneer.py' already in MANIFEST.in")
      if cfg.versionfile_source not in simple_includes:
          print(" appending versionfile_source ('%s') to MANIFEST.in" %
                cfg.versionfile_source)
          with open(manifest_in, "a") as f:
              f.write("include %s\n" % cfg.versionfile_source)
      else:
          print(" versionfile_source already in MANIFEST.in")
  
      # Make VCS-specific changes. For git, this means creating/changing
      # .gitattributes to mark _version.py for export-subst keyword
      # substitution.
      do_vcs_install(manifest_in, cfg.versionfile_source, ipy)
      return 0
  
  
  def scan_setup_py():
      """Validate the contents of setup.py against Versioneer's expectations."""
      found = set()
      setters = False
      errors = 0
      with open("setup.py", "r") as f:
          for line in f.readlines():
              if "import versioneer" in line:
                  found.add("import")
              if "versioneer.get_cmdclass()" in line:
                  found.add("cmdclass")
              if "versioneer.get_version()" in line:
                  found.add("get_version")
              if "versioneer.VCS" in line:
                  setters = True
              if "versioneer.versionfile_source" in line:
                  setters = True
      if len(found) != 3:
          print("")
          print("Your setup.py appears to be missing some important items")
          print("(but I might be wrong). Please make sure it has something")
          print("roughly like the following:")
          print("")
          print(" import versioneer")
          print(" setup( version=versioneer.get_version(),")
          print("        cmdclass=versioneer.get_cmdclass(),  ...)")
          print("")
          errors += 1
      if setters:
          print("You should remove lines like 'versioneer.VCS = ' and")
          print("'versioneer.versionfile_source = ' . This configuration")
          print("now lives in setup.cfg, and should be removed from setup.py")
          print("")
          errors += 1
      return errors
  
  
  if __name__ == "__main__":
      cmd = sys.argv[1]
      if cmd == "setup":
          errors = do_setup()
          errors += scan_setup_py()
          if errors:
              sys.exit(1)
  