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  /*! @file
   *  A pin tool that intercepts exception and verifies the exception context.
   *  It works in pair with the win_exception_context application, that raises two 
   *  exceptions. The context of the second exception should have a predefined FP 
   *  state: all FPn and XMMn registers have value <n> in their first byte. 
   *  This is verified by the tool.
   */
  
  #include <stdio.h>
  #include <string>
  #include <iostream>
  #include <memory.h>
  #include "pin.H"
  
  using namespace std;
  
  
  /*
   * Verify the FP state of the exception context
   */
  KNOB<BOOL> KnobCheckFp(KNOB_MODE_WRITEONCE, "pintool", "checkfp", "0", "Check FP state");
  
  
  
  
  
  /*!
   * Exit with the specified error message
   */
  static void Abort(const char * msg)
  {
      cerr << msg << endl;
      exit(1);
  }
  
  /*!
   * Check to see that FP/XMM registers in the specified context have predefined
   * values assigned by the application: FPn and XMMn registers have value <n> in 
   * their first byte. 
   */
  static bool CheckMyFpContext(const CONTEXT * pContext)
  {
  	unsigned char fpContextSpaceForXsave[sizeof (FPSTATE)+ FPSTATE_ALIGNMENT];
      FPSTATE *fpState= 
  		reinterpret_cast<FPSTATE *>
  		(( reinterpret_cast<ADDRINT>(fpContextSpaceForXsave) + (FPSTATE_ALIGNMENT - 1)) & (-1*FPSTATE_ALIGNMENT));
  
      PIN_GetContextFPState(pContext, fpState);
  
      for (unsigned i = 0;  i < 8;  ++i)
      {
          if (fpState->fxsave_legacy._sts[i]._raw._lo != i)
              return false;
          if (fpState->fxsave_legacy._sts[i]._raw._hi != 0)
              return false;
      }
  
      unsigned numXmms = sizeof(fpState->fxsave_legacy._xmms) / sizeof(fpState->fxsave_legacy._xmms[0]);
      for (unsigned i = 0;  i < numXmms;  ++i)
      {
          if (fpState->fxsave_legacy._xmms[i]._vec64[0] != i)
              return false;
          if (fpState->fxsave_legacy._xmms[i]._vec64[1] != 0)
              return false;
      }
  
      return true;
  }
  
  static int hadException = FALSE;
  static void OnException(THREADID threadIndex, 
                    CONTEXT_CHANGE_REASON reason, 
                    const CONTEXT *ctxtFrom,
                    CONTEXT *ctxtTo,
                    INT32 info, 
                    VOID *v)
  {
      if (reason == CONTEXT_CHANGE_REASON_EXCEPTION)
      {
  		hadException = TRUE;
          static bool first = true;
  
          if (first)
          {
              first = false;
          }
          else
          {
              if (KnobCheckFp && !CheckMyFpContext(ctxtFrom))
              {
                  Abort("Tool: Mismatch in the FP context");
              }
          }
      }
  }
  
  VOID Fini(INT32 code, VOID *v)
  {
  	if (!hadException)
  	{
  		Abort("Did not detect exception");
  		exit(-1);
  	}
  }
  
  int main(INT32 argc, CHAR **argv)
  {
      if (PIN_Init(argc, argv))
      {
          Abort("Tool: Invalid arguments");
      }
  
      PIN_AddContextChangeFunction(OnException, 0);
  
  	PIN_AddFiniFunction(Fini, 0);
  
      // Never returns
      PIN_StartProgram();
  
      return 0;
  }
  