text: /* apps/apps.c */
  /* Copyright (C) 1995-1998 Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)
   * All rights reserved.
   *
   * This package is an SSL implementation written
   * by Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com).
   * The implementation was written so as to conform with Netscapes SSL.
   * 
   * This library is free for commercial and non-commercial use as long as
   * the following conditions are aheared to.  The following conditions
   * apply to all code found in this distribution, be it the RC4, RSA,
   * lhash, DES, etc., code; not just the SSL code.  The SSL documentation
   * included with this distribution is covered by the same copyright terms
   * except that the holder is Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).
   * 
   * Copyright remains Eric Young's, and as such any Copyright notices in
   * the code are not to be removed.
   * If this package is used in a product, Eric Young should be given attribution
   * as the author of the parts of the library used.
   * This can be in the form of a textual message at program startup or
   * in documentation (online or textual) provided with the package.
   * 
   * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   * are met:
   * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the copyright
   *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
   * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
   *    must display the following acknowledgement:
   *    "This product includes cryptographic software written by
   *     Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)"
   *    The word 'cryptographic' can be left out if the rouines from the library
   *    being used are not cryptographic related :-).
   * 4. If you include any Windows specific code (or a derivative thereof) from 
   *    the apps directory (application code) you must include an acknowledgement:
   *    "This product includes software written by Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com)"
   * 
   * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY ERIC YOUNG ``AS IS'' AND
   * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
   * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
   * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
   * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
   * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
   * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
   * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
   * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
   * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
   * SUCH DAMAGE.
   * 
   * The licence and distribution terms for any publically available version or
   * derivative of this code cannot be changed.  i.e. this code cannot simply be
   * copied and put under another distribution licence
   * [including the GNU Public Licence.]
   */
  /* ====================================================================
   * Copyright (c) 1998-2001 The OpenSSL Project.  All rights reserved.
   *
   * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   * are met:
   *
   * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 
   *
   * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
   *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
   *    distribution.
   *
   * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this
   *    software must display the following acknowledgment:
   *    "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
   *    for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit. (http://www.openssl.org/)"
   *
   * 4. The names "OpenSSL Toolkit" and "OpenSSL Project" must not be used to
   *    endorse or promote products derived from this software without
   *    prior written permission. For written permission, please contact
   *    openssl-core@openssl.org.
   *
   * 5. Products derived from this software may not be called "OpenSSL"
   *    nor may "OpenSSL" appear in their names without prior written
   *    permission of the OpenSSL Project.
   *
   * 6. Redistributions of any form whatsoever must retain the following
   *    acknowledgment:
   *    "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
   *    for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit (http://www.openssl.org/)"
   *
   * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE OpenSSL PROJECT ``AS IS'' AND ANY
   * EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
   * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
   * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE OpenSSL PROJECT OR
   * ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
   * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
   * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
   * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
   * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
   * STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
   * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
   * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
   * ====================================================================
   *
   * This product includes cryptographic software written by Eric Young
   * (eay@cryptsoft.com).  This product includes software written by Tim
   * Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).
   *
   */
  
  #include <stdio.h>
  #include <stdlib.h>
  #include <string.h>
  #include <sys/types.h>
  #include <sys/stat.h>
  #include <ctype.h>
  #include <openssl/err.h>
  #include <openssl/x509.h>
  #include <openssl/x509v3.h>
  #include <openssl/pem.h>
  #include <openssl/pkcs12.h>
  #include <openssl/ui.h>
  #include <openssl/safestack.h>
  #ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE
  #include <openssl/engine.h>
  #endif
  
  #define NON_MAIN
  #include "apps.h"
  #undef NON_MAIN
  
  typedef struct {
  	char *name;
  	unsigned long flag;
  	unsigned long mask;
  } NAME_EX_TBL;
  
  static UI_METHOD *ui_method = NULL;
  
  static int set_table_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg, const NAME_EX_TBL *in_tbl);
  static int set_multi_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg, const NAME_EX_TBL *in_tbl);
  
  #if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RC4) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA)
  /* Looks like this stuff is worth moving into separate function */
  static EVP_PKEY *
  load_netscape_key(BIO *err, BIO *key, const char *file,
  		const char *key_descrip, int format);
  #endif
  
  int app_init(long mesgwin);
  #ifdef undef /* never finished - probably never will be :-) */
  int args_from_file(char *file, int *argc, char **argv[])
  	{
  	FILE *fp;
  	int num,i;
  	unsigned int len;
  	static char *buf=NULL;
  	static char **arg=NULL;
  	char *p;
  	struct stat stbuf;
  
  	if (stat(file,&stbuf) < 0) return(0);
  
  	fp=fopen(file,"r");
  	if (fp == NULL)
  		return(0);
  
  	*argc=0;
  	*argv=NULL;
  
  	len=(unsigned int)stbuf.st_size;
  	if (buf != NULL) OPENSSL_free(buf);
  	buf=(char *)OPENSSL_malloc(len+1);
  	if (buf == NULL) return(0);
  
  	len=fread(buf,1,len,fp);
  	if (len <= 1) return(0);
  	buf[len]='\0';
  
  	i=0;
  	for (p=buf; *p; p++)
  		if (*p == '\n') i++;
  	if (arg != NULL) OPENSSL_free(arg);
  	arg=(char **)OPENSSL_malloc(sizeof(char *)*(i*2));
  
  	*argv=arg;
  	num=0;
  	p=buf;
  	for (;;)
  		{
  		if (!*p) break;
  		if (*p == '#') /* comment line */
  			{
  			while (*p && (*p != '\n')) p++;
  			continue;
  			}
  		/* else we have a line */
  		*(arg++)=p;
  		num++;
  		while (*p && ((*p != ' ') && (*p != '\t') && (*p != '\n')))
  			p++;
  		if (!*p) break;
  		if (*p == '\n')
  			{
  			*(p++)='\0';
  			continue;
  			}
  		/* else it is a tab or space */
  		p++;
  		while (*p && ((*p == ' ') || (*p == '\t') || (*p == '\n')))
  			p++;
  		if (!*p) break;
  		if (*p == '\n')
  			{
  			p++;
  			continue;
  			}
  		*(arg++)=p++;
  		num++;
  		while (*p && (*p != '\n')) p++;
  		if (!*p) break;
  		/* else *p == '\n' */
  		*(p++)='\0';
  		}
  	*argc=num;
  	return(1);
  	}
  #endif
  
  int str2fmt(char *s)
  	{
  	if 	((*s == 'D') || (*s == 'd'))
  		return(FORMAT_ASN1);
  	else if ((*s == 'T') || (*s == 't'))
  		return(FORMAT_TEXT);
  	else if ((*s == 'P') || (*s == 'p'))
  		return(FORMAT_PEM);
  	else if ((*s == 'N') || (*s == 'n'))
  		return(FORMAT_NETSCAPE);
  	else if ((*s == 'S') || (*s == 's'))
  		return(FORMAT_SMIME);
  	else if ((*s == '1')
  		|| (strcmp(s,"PKCS12") == 0) || (strcmp(s,"pkcs12") == 0)
  		|| (strcmp(s,"P12") == 0) || (strcmp(s,"p12") == 0))
  		return(FORMAT_PKCS12);
  	else if ((*s == 'E') || (*s == 'e'))
  		return(FORMAT_ENGINE);
  	else
  		return(FORMAT_UNDEF);
  	}
  
  #if defined(OPENSSL_SYS_MSDOS) || defined(OPENSSL_SYS_WIN32) || defined(OPENSSL_SYS_WIN16)
  void program_name(char *in, char *out, int size)
  	{
  	int i,n;
  	char *p=NULL;
  
  	n=strlen(in);
  	/* find the last '/', '\' or ':' */
  	for (i=n-1; i>0; i--)
  		{
  		if ((in[i] == '/') || (in[i] == '\\') || (in[i] == ':'))
  			{
  			p= &(in[i+1]);
  			break;
  			}
  		}
  	if (p == NULL)
  		p=in;
  	n=strlen(p);
  	/* strip off trailing .exe if present. */
  	if ((n > 4) && (p[n-4] == '.') &&
  		((p[n-3] == 'e') || (p[n-3] == 'E')) &&
  		((p[n-2] == 'x') || (p[n-2] == 'X')) &&
  		((p[n-1] == 'e') || (p[n-1] == 'E')))
  		n-=4;
  	if (n > size-1)
  		n=size-1;
  
  	for (i=0; i<n; i++)
  		{
  		if ((p[i] >= 'A') && (p[i] <= 'Z'))
  			out[i]=p[i]-'A'+'a';
  		else
  			out[i]=p[i];
  		}
  	out[n]='\0';
  	}
  #else
  #ifdef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  void program_name(char *in, char *out, int size)
  	{
  	char *p=in, *q;
  	char *chars=":]>";
  
  	while(*chars != '\0')
  		{
  		q=strrchr(p,*chars);
  		if (q > p)
  			p = q + 1;
  		chars++;
  		}
  
  	q=strrchr(p,'.');
  	if (q == NULL)
  		q = p + strlen(p);
  	strncpy(out,p,size-1);
  	if (q-p >= size)
  		{
  		out[size-1]='\0';
  		}
  	else
  		{
  		out[q-p]='\0';
  		}
  	}
  #else
  void program_name(char *in, char *out, int size)
  	{
  	char *p;
  
  	p=strrchr(in,'/');
  	if (p != NULL)
  		p++;
  	else
  		p=in;
  	BUF_strlcpy(out,p,size);
  	}
  #endif
  #endif
  
  #ifdef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  int VMS_strcasecmp(const char *str1, const char *str2)
  	{
  	while (*str1 && *str2)
  		{
  		int res = toupper(*str1) - toupper(*str2);
  		if (res) return res < 0 ? -1 : 1;
  		}
  	if (*str1)
  		return 1;
  	if (*str2)
  		return -1;
  	return 0;
  	}
  #endif
  
  int chopup_args(ARGS *arg, char *buf, int *argc, char **argv[])
  	{
  	int num,len,i;
  	char *p;
  
  	*argc=0;
  	*argv=NULL;
  
  	len=strlen(buf);
  	i=0;
  	if (arg->count == 0)
  		{
  		arg->count=20;
  		arg->data=(char **)OPENSSL_malloc(sizeof(char *)*arg->count);
  		}
  	for (i=0; i<arg->count; i++)
  		arg->data[i]=NULL;
  
  	num=0;
  	p=buf;
  	for (;;)
  		{
  		/* first scan over white space */
  		if (!*p) break;
  		while (*p && ((*p == ' ') || (*p == '\t') || (*p == '\n')))
  			p++;
  		if (!*p) break;
  
  		/* The start of something good :-) */
  		if (num >= arg->count)
  			{
  			arg->count+=20;
  			arg->data=(char **)OPENSSL_realloc(arg->data,
  				sizeof(char *)*arg->count);
  			if (argc == 0) return(0);
  			}
  		arg->data[num++]=p;
  
  		/* now look for the end of this */
  		if ((*p == '\'') || (*p == '\"')) /* scan for closing quote */
  			{
  			i= *(p++);
  			arg->data[num-1]++; /* jump over quote */
  			while (*p && (*p != i))
  				p++;
  			*p='\0';
  			}
  		else
  			{
  			while (*p && ((*p != ' ') &&
  				(*p != '\t') && (*p != '\n')))
  				p++;
  
  			if (*p == '\0')
  				p--;
  			else
  				*p='\0';
  			}
  		p++;
  		}
  	*argc=num;
  	*argv=arg->data;
  	return(1);
  	}
  
  #ifndef APP_INIT
  int app_init(long mesgwin)
  	{
  	return(1);
  	}
  #endif
  
  
  int dump_cert_text (BIO *out, X509 *x)
  {
  	char *p;
  
  	p=X509_NAME_oneline(X509_get_subject_name(x),NULL,0);
  	BIO_puts(out,"subject=");
  	BIO_puts(out,p);
  	OPENSSL_free(p);
  
  	p=X509_NAME_oneline(X509_get_issuer_name(x),NULL,0);
  	BIO_puts(out,"\nissuer=");
  	BIO_puts(out,p);
  	BIO_puts(out,"\n");
  	OPENSSL_free(p);
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int ui_open(UI *ui)
  	{
  	return UI_method_get_opener(UI_OpenSSL())(ui);
  	}
  static int ui_read(UI *ui, UI_STRING *uis)
  	{
  	if (UI_get_input_flags(uis) & UI_INPUT_FLAG_DEFAULT_PWD
  		&& UI_get0_user_data(ui))
  		{
  		switch(UI_get_string_type(uis))
  			{
  		case UIT_PROMPT:
  		case UIT_VERIFY:
  			{
  			const char *password =
  				((PW_CB_DATA *)UI_get0_user_data(ui))->password;
  			if (password && password[0] != '\0')
  				{
  				UI_set_result(ui, uis, password);
  				return 1;
  				}
  			}
  		default:
  			break;
  			}
  		}
  	return UI_method_get_reader(UI_OpenSSL())(ui, uis);
  	}
  static int ui_write(UI *ui, UI_STRING *uis)
  	{
  	if (UI_get_input_flags(uis) & UI_INPUT_FLAG_DEFAULT_PWD
  		&& UI_get0_user_data(ui))
  		{
  		switch(UI_get_string_type(uis))
  			{
  		case UIT_PROMPT:
  		case UIT_VERIFY:
  			{
  			const char *password =
  				((PW_CB_DATA *)UI_get0_user_data(ui))->password;
  			if (password && password[0] != '\0')
  				return 1;
  			}
  		default:
  			break;
  			}
  		}
  	return UI_method_get_writer(UI_OpenSSL())(ui, uis);
  	}
  static int ui_close(UI *ui)
  	{
  	return UI_method_get_closer(UI_OpenSSL())(ui);
  	}
  int setup_ui_method(void)
  	{
  	ui_method = UI_create_method("OpenSSL application user interface");
  	UI_method_set_opener(ui_method, ui_open);
  	UI_method_set_reader(ui_method, ui_read);
  	UI_method_set_writer(ui_method, ui_write);
  	UI_method_set_closer(ui_method, ui_close);
  	return 0;
  	}
  void destroy_ui_method(void)
  	{
  	if(ui_method)
  		{
  		UI_destroy_method(ui_method);
  		ui_method = NULL;
  		}
  	}
  int password_callback(char *buf, int bufsiz, int verify,
  	PW_CB_DATA *cb_tmp)
  	{
  	UI *ui = NULL;
  	int res = 0;
  	const char *prompt_info = NULL;
  	const char *password = NULL;
  	PW_CB_DATA *cb_data = (PW_CB_DATA *)cb_tmp;
  
  	if (cb_data)
  		{
  		if (cb_data->password)
  			password = cb_data->password;
  		if (cb_data->prompt_info)
  			prompt_info = cb_data->prompt_info;
  		}
  
  	if (password)
  		{
  		res = strlen(password);
  		if (res > bufsiz)
  			res = bufsiz;
  		memcpy(buf, password, res);
  		return res;
  		}
  
  	ui = UI_new_method(ui_method);
  	if (ui)
  		{
  		int ok = 0;
  		char *buff = NULL;
  		int ui_flags = 0;
  		char *prompt = NULL;
  
  		prompt = UI_construct_prompt(ui, "pass phrase",
  			cb_data->prompt_info);
  
  		ui_flags |= UI_INPUT_FLAG_DEFAULT_PWD;
  		UI_ctrl(ui, UI_CTRL_PRINT_ERRORS, 1, 0, 0);
  
  		if (ok >= 0)
  			ok = UI_add_input_string(ui,prompt,ui_flags,buf,
  				PW_MIN_LENGTH,BUFSIZ-1);
  		if (ok >= 0 && verify)
  			{
  			buff = (char *)OPENSSL_malloc(bufsiz);
  			ok = UI_add_verify_string(ui,prompt,ui_flags,buff,
  				PW_MIN_LENGTH,BUFSIZ-1, buf);
  			}
  		if (ok >= 0)
  			do
  				{
  				ok = UI_process(ui);
  				}
  			while (ok < 0 && UI_ctrl(ui, UI_CTRL_IS_REDOABLE, 0, 0, 0));
  
  		if (buff)
  			{
  			OPENSSL_cleanse(buff,(unsigned int)bufsiz);
  			OPENSSL_free(buff);
  			}
  
  		if (ok >= 0)
  			res = strlen(buf);
  		if (ok == -1)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(bio_err, "User interface error\n");
  			ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
  			OPENSSL_cleanse(buf,(unsigned int)bufsiz);
  			res = 0;
  			}
  		if (ok == -2)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(bio_err,"aborted!\n");
  			OPENSSL_cleanse(buf,(unsigned int)bufsiz);
  			res = 0;
  			}
  		UI_free(ui);
  		OPENSSL_free(prompt);
  		}
  	return res;
  	}
  
  static char *app_get_pass(BIO *err, char *arg, int keepbio);
  
  int app_passwd(BIO *err, char *arg1, char *arg2, char **pass1, char **pass2)
  {
  	int same;
  	if(!arg2 || !arg1 || strcmp(arg1, arg2)) same = 0;
  	else same = 1;
  	if(arg1) {
  		*pass1 = app_get_pass(err, arg1, same);
  		if(!*pass1) return 0;
  	} else if(pass1) *pass1 = NULL;
  	if(arg2) {
  		*pass2 = app_get_pass(err, arg2, same ? 2 : 0);
  		if(!*pass2) return 0;
  	} else if(pass2) *pass2 = NULL;
  	return 1;
  }
  
  static char *app_get_pass(BIO *err, char *arg, int keepbio)
  {
  	char *tmp, tpass[APP_PASS_LEN];
  	static BIO *pwdbio = NULL;
  	int i;
  	if(!strncmp(arg, "pass:", 5)) return BUF_strdup(arg + 5);
  	if(!strncmp(arg, "env:", 4)) {
  		tmp = getenv(arg + 4);
  		if(!tmp) {
  			BIO_printf(err, "Can't read environment variable %s\n", arg + 4);
  			return NULL;
  		}
  		return BUF_strdup(tmp);
  	}
  	if(!keepbio || !pwdbio) {
  		if(!strncmp(arg, "file:", 5)) {
  			pwdbio = BIO_new_file(arg + 5, "r");
  			if(!pwdbio) {
  				BIO_printf(err, "Can't open file %s\n", arg + 5);
  				return NULL;
  			}
  		} else if(!strncmp(arg, "fd:", 3)) {
  			BIO *btmp;
  			i = atoi(arg + 3);
  			if(i >= 0) pwdbio = BIO_new_fd(i, BIO_NOCLOSE);
  			if((i < 0) || !pwdbio) {
  				BIO_printf(err, "Can't access file descriptor %s\n", arg + 3);
  				return NULL;
  			}
  			/* Can't do BIO_gets on an fd BIO so add a buffering BIO */
  			btmp = BIO_new(BIO_f_buffer());
  			pwdbio = BIO_push(btmp, pwdbio);
  		} else if(!strcmp(arg, "stdin")) {
  			pwdbio = BIO_new_fp(stdin, BIO_NOCLOSE);
  			if(!pwdbio) {
  				BIO_printf(err, "Can't open BIO for stdin\n");
  				return NULL;
  			}
  		} else {
  			BIO_printf(err, "Invalid password argument \"%s\"\n", arg);
  			return NULL;
  		}
  	}
  	i = BIO_gets(pwdbio, tpass, APP_PASS_LEN);
  	if(keepbio != 1) {
  		BIO_free_all(pwdbio);
  		pwdbio = NULL;
  	}
  	if(i <= 0) {
  		BIO_printf(err, "Error reading password from BIO\n");
  		return NULL;
  	}
  	tmp = strchr(tpass, '\n');
  	if(tmp) *tmp = 0;
  	return BUF_strdup(tpass);
  }
  
  int add_oid_section(BIO *err, CONF *conf)
  {	
  	char *p;
  	STACK_OF(CONF_VALUE) *sktmp;
  	CONF_VALUE *cnf;
  	int i;
  	if(!(p=NCONF_get_string(conf,NULL,"oid_section")))
  		{
  		ERR_clear_error();
  		return 1;
  		}
  	if(!(sktmp = NCONF_get_section(conf, p))) {
  		BIO_printf(err, "problem loading oid section %s\n", p);
  		return 0;
  	}
  	for(i = 0; i < sk_CONF_VALUE_num(sktmp); i++) {
  		cnf = sk_CONF_VALUE_value(sktmp, i);
  		if(OBJ_create(cnf->value, cnf->name, cnf->name) == NID_undef) {
  			BIO_printf(err, "problem creating object %s=%s\n",
  							 cnf->name, cnf->value);
  			return 0;
  		}
  	}
  	return 1;
  }
  
  X509 *load_cert(BIO *err, const char *file, int format,
  	const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *cert_descrip)
  	{
  	ASN1_HEADER *ah=NULL;
  	BUF_MEM *buf=NULL;
  	X509 *x=NULL;
  	BIO *cert;
  
  	if ((cert=BIO_new(BIO_s_file())) == NULL)
  		{
  		ERR_print_errors(err);
  		goto end;
  		}
  
  	if (file == NULL)
  		{
  		setvbuf(stdin, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
  		BIO_set_fp(cert,stdin,BIO_NOCLOSE);
  		}
  	else
  		{
  		if (BIO_read_filename(cert,file) <= 0)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(err, "Error opening %s %s\n",
  				cert_descrip, file);
  			ERR_print_errors(err);
  			goto end;
  			}
  		}
  
  	if 	(format == FORMAT_ASN1)
  		x=d2i_X509_bio(cert,NULL);
  	else if (format == FORMAT_NETSCAPE)
  		{
  		unsigned char *p,*op;
  		int size=0,i;
  
  		/* We sort of have to do it this way because it is sort of nice
  		 * to read the header first and check it, then
  		 * try to read the certificate */
  		buf=BUF_MEM_new();
  		for (;;)
  			{
  			if ((buf == NULL) || (!BUF_MEM_grow(buf,size+1024*10)))
  				goto end;
  			i=BIO_read(cert,&(buf->data[size]),1024*10);
  			size+=i;
  			if (i == 0) break;
  			if (i < 0)
  				{
  				perror("reading certificate");
  				goto end;
  				}
  			}
  		p=(unsigned char *)buf->data;
  		op=p;
  
  		/* First load the header */
  		if ((ah=d2i_ASN1_HEADER(NULL,&p,(long)size)) == NULL)
  			goto end;
  		if ((ah->header == NULL) || (ah->header->data == NULL) ||
  			(strncmp(NETSCAPE_CERT_HDR,(char *)ah->header->data,
  			ah->header->length) != 0))
  			{
  			BIO_printf(err,"Error reading header on certificate\n");
  			goto end;
  			}
  		/* header is ok, so now read the object */
  		p=op;
  		ah->meth=X509_asn1_meth();
  		if ((ah=d2i_ASN1_HEADER(&ah,&p,(long)size)) == NULL)
  			goto end;
  		x=(X509 *)ah->data;
  		ah->data=NULL;
  		}
  	else if (format == FORMAT_PEM)
  		x=PEM_read_bio_X509_AUX(cert,NULL,
  			(pem_password_cb *)password_callback, NULL);
  	else if (format == FORMAT_PKCS12)
  		{
  		PKCS12 *p12 = d2i_PKCS12_bio(cert, NULL);
  
  		PKCS12_parse(p12, NULL, NULL, &x, NULL);
  		PKCS12_free(p12);
  		p12 = NULL;
  		}
  	else	{
  		BIO_printf(err,"bad input format specified for %s\n",
  			cert_descrip);
  		goto end;
  		}
  end:
  	if (x == NULL)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(err,"unable to load certificate\n");
  		ERR_print_errors(err);
  		}
  	if (ah != NULL) ASN1_HEADER_free(ah);
  	if (cert != NULL) BIO_free(cert);
  	if (buf != NULL) BUF_MEM_free(buf);
  	return(x);
  	}
  
  EVP_PKEY *load_key(BIO *err, const char *file, int format, int maybe_stdin,
  	const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *key_descrip)
  	{
  	BIO *key=NULL;
  	EVP_PKEY *pkey=NULL;
  	PW_CB_DATA cb_data;
  
  	cb_data.password = pass;
  	cb_data.prompt_info = file;
  
  	if (file == NULL && (!maybe_stdin || format == FORMAT_ENGINE))
  		{
  		BIO_printf(err,"no keyfile specified\n");
  		goto end;
  		}
  #ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE
  	if (format == FORMAT_ENGINE)
  		{
  		if (!e)
  			BIO_printf(bio_err,"no engine specified\n");
  		else
  			pkey = ENGINE_load_private_key(e, file,
  				ui_method, &cb_data);
  		goto end;
  		}
  #endif
  	key=BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
  	if (key == NULL)
  		{
  		ERR_print_errors(err);
  		goto end;
  		}
  	if (file == NULL && maybe_stdin)
  		{
  		setvbuf(stdin, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
  		BIO_set_fp(key,stdin,BIO_NOCLOSE);
  		}
  	else
  		if (BIO_read_filename(key,file) <= 0)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(err, "Error opening %s %s\n",
  				key_descrip, file);
  			ERR_print_errors(err);
  			goto end;
  			}
  	if (format == FORMAT_ASN1)
  		{
  		pkey=d2i_PrivateKey_bio(key, NULL);
  		}
  	else if (format == FORMAT_PEM)
  		{
  		pkey=PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(key,NULL,
  			(pem_password_cb *)password_callback, &cb_data);
  		}
  #if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RC4) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA)
  	else if (format == FORMAT_NETSCAPE || format == FORMAT_IISSGC)
  		pkey = load_netscape_key(err, key, file, key_descrip, format);
  #endif
  	else if (format == FORMAT_PKCS12)
  		{
  		PKCS12 *p12 = d2i_PKCS12_bio(key, NULL);
  
  		PKCS12_parse(p12, pass, &pkey, NULL, NULL);
  		PKCS12_free(p12);
  		p12 = NULL;
  		}
  	else
  		{
  		BIO_printf(err,"bad input format specified for key file\n");
  		goto end;
  		}
   end:
  	if (key != NULL) BIO_free(key);
  	if (pkey == NULL)
  		BIO_printf(err,"unable to load %s\n", key_descrip);
  	return(pkey);
  	}
  
  EVP_PKEY *load_pubkey(BIO *err, const char *file, int format, int maybe_stdin,
  	const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *key_descrip)
  	{
  	BIO *key=NULL;
  	EVP_PKEY *pkey=NULL;
  	PW_CB_DATA cb_data;
  
  	cb_data.password = pass;
  	cb_data.prompt_info = file;
  
  	if (file == NULL && (!maybe_stdin || format == FORMAT_ENGINE))
  		{
  		BIO_printf(err,"no keyfile specified\n");
  		goto end;
  		}
  #ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE
  	if (format == FORMAT_ENGINE)
  		{
  		if (!e)
  			BIO_printf(bio_err,"no engine specified\n");
  		else
  			pkey = ENGINE_load_public_key(e, file,
  				ui_method, &cb_data);
  		goto end;
  		}
  #endif
  	key=BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
  	if (key == NULL)
  		{
  		ERR_print_errors(err);
  		goto end;
  		}
  	if (file == NULL && maybe_stdin)
  		{
  		setvbuf(stdin, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
  		BIO_set_fp(key,stdin,BIO_NOCLOSE);
  		}
  	else
  		if (BIO_read_filename(key,file) <= 0)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(err, "Error opening %s %s\n",
  				key_descrip, file);
  			ERR_print_errors(err);
  			goto end;
  		}
  	if (format == FORMAT_ASN1)
  		{
  		pkey=d2i_PUBKEY_bio(key, NULL);
  		}
  	else if (format == FORMAT_PEM)
  		{
  		pkey=PEM_read_bio_PUBKEY(key,NULL,
  			(pem_password_cb *)password_callback, &cb_data);
  		}
  #if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RC4) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA)
  	else if (format == FORMAT_NETSCAPE || format == FORMAT_IISSGC)
  		pkey = load_netscape_key(err, key, file, key_descrip, format);
  #endif
  	else
  		{
  		BIO_printf(err,"bad input format specified for key file\n");
  		goto end;
  		}
   end:
  	if (key != NULL) BIO_free(key);
  	if (pkey == NULL)
  		BIO_printf(err,"unable to load %s\n", key_descrip);
  	return(pkey);
  	}
  
  #if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RC4) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA)
  static EVP_PKEY *
  load_netscape_key(BIO *err, BIO *key, const char *file,
  		const char *key_descrip, int format)
  	{
  	EVP_PKEY *pkey;
  	BUF_MEM *buf;
  	RSA	*rsa;
  	const unsigned char *p;
  	int size, i;
  
  	buf=BUF_MEM_new();
  	pkey = EVP_PKEY_new();
  	size = 0;
  	if (buf == NULL || pkey == NULL)
  		goto error;
  	for (;;)
  		{
  		if (!BUF_MEM_grow_clean(buf,size+1024*10))
  			goto error;
  		i = BIO_read(key, &(buf->data[size]), 1024*10);
  		size += i;
  		if (i == 0)
  			break;
  		if (i < 0)
  			{
  				BIO_printf(err, "Error reading %s %s",
  					key_descrip, file);
  				goto error;
  			}
  		}
  	p=(unsigned char *)buf->data;
  	rsa = d2i_RSA_NET(NULL,&p,(long)size,NULL,
  		(format == FORMAT_IISSGC ? 1 : 0));
  	if (rsa == NULL)
  		goto error;
  	BUF_MEM_free(buf);
  	EVP_PKEY_set1_RSA(pkey, rsa);
  	return pkey;
  error:
  	BUF_MEM_free(buf);
  	EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
  	return NULL;
  	}
  #endif /* ndef OPENSSL_NO_RC4 */
  
  STACK_OF(X509) *load_certs(BIO *err, const char *file, int format,
  	const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *cert_descrip)
  	{
  	BIO *certs;
  	int i;
  	STACK_OF(X509) *othercerts = NULL;
  	STACK_OF(X509_INFO) *allcerts = NULL;
  	X509_INFO *xi;
  	PW_CB_DATA cb_data;
  
  	cb_data.password = pass;
  	cb_data.prompt_info = file;
  
  	if((certs = BIO_new(BIO_s_file())) == NULL)
  		{
  		ERR_print_errors(err);
  		goto end;
  		}
  
  	if (file == NULL)
  		BIO_set_fp(certs,stdin,BIO_NOCLOSE);
  	else
  		{
  		if (BIO_read_filename(certs,file) <= 0)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(err, "Error opening %s %s\n",
  				cert_descrip, file);
  			ERR_print_errors(err);
  			goto end;
  			}
  		}
  
  	if      (format == FORMAT_PEM)
  		{
  		othercerts = sk_X509_new_null();
  		if(!othercerts)
  			{
  			sk_X509_free(othercerts);
  			othercerts = NULL;
  			goto end;
  			}
  		allcerts = PEM_X509_INFO_read_bio(certs, NULL,
  				(pem_password_cb *)password_callback, &cb_data);
  		for(i = 0; i < sk_X509_INFO_num(allcerts); i++)
  			{
  			xi = sk_X509_INFO_value (allcerts, i);
  			if (xi->x509)
  				{
  				sk_X509_push(othercerts, xi->x509);
  				xi->x509 = NULL;
  				}
  			}
  		goto end;
  		}
  	else	{
  		BIO_printf(err,"bad input format specified for %s\n",
  			cert_descrip);
  		goto end;
  		}
  end:
  	if (othercerts == NULL)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(err,"unable to load certificates\n");
  		ERR_print_errors(err);
  		}
  	if (allcerts) sk_X509_INFO_pop_free(allcerts, X509_INFO_free);
  	if (certs != NULL) BIO_free(certs);
  	return(othercerts);
  	}
  
  
  #define X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK		(0xfL << 16)
  /* Return error for unknown extensions */
  #define X509V3_EXT_DEFAULT		0
  /* Print error for unknown extensions */
  #define X509V3_EXT_ERROR_UNKNOWN	(1L << 16)
  /* ASN1 parse unknown extensions */
  #define X509V3_EXT_PARSE_UNKNOWN	(2L << 16)
  /* BIO_dump unknown extensions */
  #define X509V3_EXT_DUMP_UNKNOWN		(3L << 16)
  
  #define X509_FLAG_CA (X509_FLAG_NO_ISSUER | X509_FLAG_NO_PUBKEY | \
  			 X509_FLAG_NO_HEADER | X509_FLAG_NO_VERSION)
  
  int set_cert_ex(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg)
  {
  	static const NAME_EX_TBL cert_tbl[] = {
  		{ "compatible", X509_FLAG_COMPAT, 0xffffffffl},
  		{ "ca_default", X509_FLAG_CA, 0xffffffffl},
  		{ "no_header", X509_FLAG_NO_HEADER, 0},
  		{ "no_version", X509_FLAG_NO_VERSION, 0},
  		{ "no_serial", X509_FLAG_NO_SERIAL, 0},
  		{ "no_signame", X509_FLAG_NO_SIGNAME, 0},
  		{ "no_validity", X509_FLAG_NO_VALIDITY, 0},
  		{ "no_subject", X509_FLAG_NO_SUBJECT, 0},
  		{ "no_issuer", X509_FLAG_NO_ISSUER, 0},
  		{ "no_pubkey", X509_FLAG_NO_PUBKEY, 0},
  		{ "no_extensions", X509_FLAG_NO_EXTENSIONS, 0},
  		{ "no_sigdump", X509_FLAG_NO_SIGDUMP, 0},
  		{ "no_aux", X509_FLAG_NO_AUX, 0},
  		{ "no_attributes", X509_FLAG_NO_ATTRIBUTES, 0},
  		{ "ext_default", X509V3_EXT_DEFAULT, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
  		{ "ext_error", X509V3_EXT_ERROR_UNKNOWN, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
  		{ "ext_parse", X509V3_EXT_PARSE_UNKNOWN, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
  		{ "ext_dump", X509V3_EXT_DUMP_UNKNOWN, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
  		{ NULL, 0, 0}
  	};
  	return set_multi_opts(flags, arg, cert_tbl);
  }
  
  int set_name_ex(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg)
  {
  	static const NAME_EX_TBL ex_tbl[] = {
  		{ "esc_2253", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_2253, 0},
  		{ "esc_ctrl", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_CTRL, 0},
  		{ "esc_msb", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_MSB, 0},
  		{ "use_quote", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_QUOTE, 0},
  		{ "utf8", ASN1_STRFLGS_UTF8_CONVERT, 0},
  		{ "ignore_type", ASN1_STRFLGS_IGNORE_TYPE, 0},
  		{ "show_type", ASN1_STRFLGS_SHOW_TYPE, 0},
  		{ "dump_all", ASN1_STRFLGS_DUMP_ALL, 0},
  		{ "dump_nostr", ASN1_STRFLGS_DUMP_UNKNOWN, 0},
  		{ "dump_der", ASN1_STRFLGS_DUMP_DER, 0},
  		{ "compat", XN_FLAG_COMPAT, 0xffffffffL},
  		{ "sep_comma_plus", XN_FLAG_SEP_COMMA_PLUS, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
  		{ "sep_comma_plus_space", XN_FLAG_SEP_CPLUS_SPC, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
  		{ "sep_semi_plus_space", XN_FLAG_SEP_SPLUS_SPC, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
  		{ "sep_multiline", XN_FLAG_SEP_MULTILINE, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
  		{ "dn_rev", XN_FLAG_DN_REV, 0},
  		{ "nofname", XN_FLAG_FN_NONE, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
  		{ "sname", XN_FLAG_FN_SN, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
  		{ "lname", XN_FLAG_FN_LN, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
  		{ "align", XN_FLAG_FN_ALIGN, 0},
  		{ "oid", XN_FLAG_FN_OID, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
  		{ "space_eq", XN_FLAG_SPC_EQ, 0},
  		{ "dump_unknown", XN_FLAG_DUMP_UNKNOWN_FIELDS, 0},
  		{ "RFC2253", XN_FLAG_RFC2253, 0xffffffffL},
  		{ "oneline", XN_FLAG_ONELINE, 0xffffffffL},
  		{ "multiline", XN_FLAG_MULTILINE, 0xffffffffL},
  		{ "ca_default", XN_FLAG_MULTILINE, 0xffffffffL},
  		{ NULL, 0, 0}
  	};
  	return set_multi_opts(flags, arg, ex_tbl);
  }
  
  int set_ext_copy(int *copy_type, const char *arg)
  {
  	if (!strcasecmp(arg, "none"))
  		*copy_type = EXT_COPY_NONE;
  	else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "copy"))
  		*copy_type = EXT_COPY_ADD;
  	else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "copyall"))
  		*copy_type = EXT_COPY_ALL;
  	else
  		return 0;
  	return 1;
  }
  
  int copy_extensions(X509 *x, X509_REQ *req, int copy_type)
  {
  	STACK_OF(X509_EXTENSION) *exts = NULL;
  	X509_EXTENSION *ext, *tmpext;
  	ASN1_OBJECT *obj;
  	int i, idx, ret = 0;
  	if (!x || !req || (copy_type == EXT_COPY_NONE))
  		return 1;
  	exts = X509_REQ_get_extensions(req);
  
  	for(i = 0; i < sk_X509_EXTENSION_num(exts); i++) {
  		ext = sk_X509_EXTENSION_value(exts, i);
  		obj = X509_EXTENSION_get_object(ext);
  		idx = X509_get_ext_by_OBJ(x, obj, -1);
  		/* Does extension exist? */
  		if (idx != -1) {
  			/* If normal copy don't override existing extension */
  			if (copy_type == EXT_COPY_ADD)
  				continue;
  			/* Delete all extensions of same type */
  			do {
  				tmpext = X509_get_ext(x, idx);
  				X509_delete_ext(x, idx);
  				X509_EXTENSION_free(tmpext);
  				idx = X509_get_ext_by_OBJ(x, obj, -1);
  			} while (idx != -1);
  		}
  		if (!X509_add_ext(x, ext, -1))
  			goto end;
  	}
  
  	ret = 1;
  
  	end:
  
  	sk_X509_EXTENSION_pop_free(exts, X509_EXTENSION_free);
  
  	return ret;
  }
  		
  		
  			
  
  static int set_multi_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg, const NAME_EX_TBL *in_tbl)
  {
  	STACK_OF(CONF_VALUE) *vals;
  	CONF_VALUE *val;
  	int i, ret = 1;
  	if(!arg) return 0;
  	vals = X509V3_parse_list(arg);
  	for (i = 0; i < sk_CONF_VALUE_num(vals); i++) {
  		val = sk_CONF_VALUE_value(vals, i);
  		if (!set_table_opts(flags, val->name, in_tbl))
  			ret = 0;
  	}
  	sk_CONF_VALUE_pop_free(vals, X509V3_conf_free);
  	return ret;
  }
  
  static int set_table_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg, const NAME_EX_TBL *in_tbl)
  {
  	char c;
  	const NAME_EX_TBL *ptbl;
  	c = arg[0];
  
  	if(c == '-') {
  		c = 0;
  		arg++;
  	} else if (c == '+') {
  		c = 1;
  		arg++;
  	} else c = 1;
  
  	for(ptbl = in_tbl; ptbl->name; ptbl++) {
  		if(!strcasecmp(arg, ptbl->name)) {
  			*flags &= ~ptbl->mask;
  			if(c) *flags |= ptbl->flag;
  			else *flags &= ~ptbl->flag;
  			return 1;
  		}
  	}
  	return 0;
  }
  
  void print_name(BIO *out, char *title, X509_NAME *nm, unsigned long lflags)
  {
  	char *buf;
  	char mline = 0;
  	int indent = 0;
  
  	if(title) BIO_puts(out, title);
  	if((lflags & XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK) == XN_FLAG_SEP_MULTILINE) {
  		mline = 1;
  		indent = 4;
  	}
  	if(lflags == XN_FLAG_COMPAT) {
  		buf = X509_NAME_oneline(nm, 0, 0);
  		BIO_puts(out, buf);
  		BIO_puts(out, "\n");
  		OPENSSL_free(buf);
  	} else {
  		if(mline) BIO_puts(out, "\n");
  		X509_NAME_print_ex(out, nm, indent, lflags);
  		BIO_puts(out, "\n");
  	}
  }
  
  X509_STORE *setup_verify(BIO *bp, char *CAfile, char *CApath)
  {
  	X509_STORE *store;
  	X509_LOOKUP *lookup;
  	if(!(store = X509_STORE_new())) goto end;
  	lookup=X509_STORE_add_lookup(store,X509_LOOKUP_file());
  	if (lookup == NULL) goto end;
  	if (CAfile) {
  		if(!X509_LOOKUP_load_file(lookup,CAfile,X509_FILETYPE_PEM)) {
  			BIO_printf(bp, "Error loading file %s\n", CAfile);
  			goto end;
  		}
  	} else X509_LOOKUP_load_file(lookup,NULL,X509_FILETYPE_DEFAULT);
  		
  	lookup=X509_STORE_add_lookup(store,X509_LOOKUP_hash_dir());
  	if (lookup == NULL) goto end;
  	if (CApath) {
  		if(!X509_LOOKUP_add_dir(lookup,CApath,X509_FILETYPE_PEM)) {
  			BIO_printf(bp, "Error loading directory %s\n", CApath);
  			goto end;
  		}
  	} else X509_LOOKUP_add_dir(lookup,NULL,X509_FILETYPE_DEFAULT);
  
  	ERR_clear_error();
  	return store;
  	end:
  	X509_STORE_free(store);
  	return NULL;
  }
  
  #ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE
  /* Try to load an engine in a shareable library */
  static ENGINE *try_load_engine(BIO *err, const char *engine, int debug)
  	{
  	ENGINE *e = ENGINE_by_id("dynamic");
  	if (e)
  		{
  		if (!ENGINE_ctrl_cmd_string(e, "SO_PATH", engine, 0)
  			|| !ENGINE_ctrl_cmd_string(e, "LOAD", NULL, 0))
  			{
  			ENGINE_free(e);
  			e = NULL;
  			}
  		}
  	return e;
  	}
  
  ENGINE *setup_engine(BIO *err, const char *engine, int debug)
          {
          ENGINE *e = NULL;
  
          if (engine)
                  {
  		if(strcmp(engine, "auto") == 0)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(err,"enabling auto ENGINE support\n");
  			ENGINE_register_all_complete();
  			return NULL;
  			}
  		if((e = ENGINE_by_id(engine)) == NULL
  			&& (e = try_load_engine(err, engine, debug)) == NULL)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(err,"invalid engine \"%s\"\n", engine);
  			ERR_print_errors(err);
  			return NULL;
  			}
  		if (debug)
  			{
  			ENGINE_ctrl(e, ENGINE_CTRL_SET_LOGSTREAM,
  				0, err, 0);
  			}
                  ENGINE_ctrl_cmd(e, "SET_USER_INTERFACE", 0, ui_method, 0, 1);
  		if(!ENGINE_set_default(e, ENGINE_METHOD_ALL))
  			{
  			BIO_printf(err,"can't use that engine\n");
  			ERR_print_errors(err);
  			ENGINE_free(e);
  			return NULL;
  			}
  
  		BIO_printf(err,"engine \"%s\" set.\n", ENGINE_get_id(e));
  
  		/* Free our "structural" reference. */
  		ENGINE_free(e);
  		}
          return e;
          }
  #endif
  
  int load_config(BIO *err, CONF *cnf)
  	{
  	if (!cnf)
  		cnf = config;
  	if (!cnf)
  		return 1;
  
  	OPENSSL_load_builtin_modules();
  
  	if (CONF_modules_load(cnf, NULL, 0) <= 0)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(err, "Error configuring OpenSSL\n");
  		ERR_print_errors(err);
  		return 0;
  		}
  	return 1;
  	}
  
  char *make_config_name()
  	{
  	const char *t=X509_get_default_cert_area();
  	size_t len;
  	char *p;
  
  	len=strlen(t)+strlen(OPENSSL_CONF)+2;
  	p=OPENSSL_malloc(len);
  	BUF_strlcpy(p,t,len);
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	BUF_strlcat(p,"/",len);
  #endif
  	BUF_strlcat(p,OPENSSL_CONF,len);
  
  	return p;
  	}
  
  static unsigned long index_serial_hash(const char **a)
  	{
  	const char *n;
  
  	n=a[DB_serial];
  	while (*n == '0') n++;
  	return(lh_strhash(n));
  	}
  
  static int index_serial_cmp(const char **a, const char **b)
  	{
  	const char *aa,*bb;
  
  	for (aa=a[DB_serial]; *aa == '0'; aa++);
  	for (bb=b[DB_serial]; *bb == '0'; bb++);
  	return(strcmp(aa,bb));
  	}
  
  static int index_name_qual(char **a)
  	{ return(a[0][0] == 'V'); }
  
  static unsigned long index_name_hash(const char **a)
  	{ return(lh_strhash(a[DB_name])); }
  
  int index_name_cmp(const char **a, const char **b)
  	{ return(strcmp(a[DB_name],
  	     b[DB_name])); }
  
  static IMPLEMENT_LHASH_HASH_FN(index_serial_hash,const char **)
  static IMPLEMENT_LHASH_COMP_FN(index_serial_cmp,const char **)
  static IMPLEMENT_LHASH_HASH_FN(index_name_hash,const char **)
  static IMPLEMENT_LHASH_COMP_FN(index_name_cmp,const char **)
  
  #undef BSIZE
  #define BSIZE 256
  
  BIGNUM *load_serial(char *serialfile, int create, ASN1_INTEGER **retai)
  	{
  	BIO *in=NULL;
  	BIGNUM *ret=NULL;
  	MS_STATIC char buf[1024];
  	ASN1_INTEGER *ai=NULL;
  
  	ai=ASN1_INTEGER_new();
  	if (ai == NULL) goto err;
  
  	if ((in=BIO_new(BIO_s_file())) == NULL)
  		{
  		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
  		goto err;
  		}
  
  	if (BIO_read_filename(in,serialfile) <= 0)
  		{
  		if (!create)
  			{
  			perror(serialfile);
  			goto err;
  			}
  		else
  			{
  			ret=BN_new();
  			if (ret == NULL || !rand_serial(ret, ai))
  				BIO_printf(bio_err, "Out of memory\n");
  			}
  		}
  	else
  		{
  		if (!a2i_ASN1_INTEGER(in,ai,buf,1024))
  			{
  			BIO_printf(bio_err,"unable to load number from %s\n",
  				serialfile);
  			goto err;
  			}
  		ret=ASN1_INTEGER_to_BN(ai,NULL);
  		if (ret == NULL)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(bio_err,"error converting number from bin to BIGNUM\n");
  			goto err;
  			}
  		}
  
  	if (ret && retai)
  		{
  		*retai = ai;
  		ai = NULL;
  		}
   err:
  	if (in != NULL) BIO_free(in);
  	if (ai != NULL) ASN1_INTEGER_free(ai);
  	return(ret);
  	}
  
  int save_serial(char *serialfile, char *suffix, BIGNUM *serial, ASN1_INTEGER **retai)
  	{
  	char buf[1][BSIZE];
  	BIO *out = NULL;
  	int ret=0;
  	ASN1_INTEGER *ai=NULL;
  	int j;
  
  	if (suffix == NULL)
  		j = strlen(serialfile);
  	else
  		j = strlen(serialfile) + strlen(suffix) + 1;
  	if (j >= BSIZE)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,"file name too long\n");
  		goto err;
  		}
  
  	if (suffix == NULL)
  		BUF_strlcpy(buf[0], serialfile, BSIZE);
  	else
  		{
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  		j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.%s", serialfile, suffix);
  #else
  		j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-%s", serialfile, suffix);
  #endif
  		}
  #ifdef RL_DEBUG
  	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: writing \"%s\"\n", buf[0]);
  #endif
  	out=BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
  	if (out == NULL)
  		{
  		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
  		goto err;
  		}
  	if (BIO_write_filename(out,buf[0]) <= 0)
  		{
  		perror(serialfile);
  		goto err;
  		}
  
  	if ((ai=BN_to_ASN1_INTEGER(serial,NULL)) == NULL)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,"error converting serial to ASN.1 format\n");
  		goto err;
  		}
  	i2a_ASN1_INTEGER(out,ai);
  	BIO_puts(out,"\n");
  	ret=1;
  	if (retai)
  		{
  		*retai = ai;
  		ai = NULL;
  		}
  err:
  	if (out != NULL) BIO_free_all(out);
  	if (ai != NULL) ASN1_INTEGER_free(ai);
  	return(ret);
  	}
  
  int rotate_serial(char *serialfile, char *new_suffix, char *old_suffix)
  	{
  	char buf[5][BSIZE];
  	int i,j;
  	struct stat sb;
  
  	i = strlen(serialfile) + strlen(old_suffix);
  	j = strlen(serialfile) + strlen(new_suffix);
  	if (i > j) j = i;
  	if (j + 1 >= BSIZE)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,"file name too long\n");
  		goto err;
  		}
  
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.%s",
  		serialfile, new_suffix);
  #else
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-%s",
  		serialfile, new_suffix);
  #endif
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s.%s",
  		serialfile, old_suffix);
  #else
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s-%s",
  		serialfile, old_suffix);
  #endif
  	if (stat(serialfile,&sb) < 0)
  		{
  		if (errno != ENOENT 
  #ifdef ENOTDIR
  			&& errno != ENOTDIR)
  #endif
  			goto err;
  		}
  	else
  		{
  #ifdef RL_DEBUG
  		BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
  			serialfile, buf[1]);
  #endif
  		if (rename(serialfile,buf[1]) < 0)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(bio_err,
  				"unable to rename %s to %s\n",
  				serialfile, buf[1]);
  			perror("reason");
  			goto err;
  			}
  		}
  #ifdef RL_DEBUG
  	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
  		buf[0],serialfile);
  #endif
  	if (rename(buf[0],serialfile) < 0)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,
  			"unable to rename %s to %s\n",
  			buf[0],serialfile);
  		perror("reason");
  		rename(buf[1],serialfile);
  		goto err;
  		}
  	return 1;
   err:
  	return 0;
  	}
  
  int rand_serial(BIGNUM *b, ASN1_INTEGER *ai)
  	{
  	BIGNUM *btmp;
  	int ret = 0;
  	if (b)
  		btmp = b;
  	else
  		btmp = BN_new();
  
  	if (!btmp)
  		return 0;
  
  	if (!BN_pseudo_rand(btmp, SERIAL_RAND_BITS, 0, 0))
  		goto error;
  	if (ai && !BN_to_ASN1_INTEGER(btmp, ai))
  		goto error;
  
  	ret = 1;
  	
  	error:
  
  	if (!b)
  		BN_free(btmp);
  	
  	return ret;
  	}
  
  CA_DB *load_index(char *dbfile, DB_ATTR *db_attr)
  	{
  	CA_DB *retdb = NULL;
  	TXT_DB *tmpdb = NULL;
  	BIO *in = BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
  	CONF *dbattr_conf = NULL;
  	char buf[1][BSIZE];
  	long errorline= -1;
  
  	if (in == NULL)
  		{
  		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
  		goto err;
  		}
  	if (BIO_read_filename(in,dbfile) <= 0)
  		{
  		perror(dbfile);
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,"unable to open '%s'\n",dbfile);
  		goto err;
  		}
  	if ((tmpdb = TXT_DB_read(in,DB_NUMBER)) == NULL)
  		{
  		if (tmpdb != NULL) TXT_DB_free(tmpdb);
  		goto err;
  		}
  
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.attr", dbfile);
  #else
  	BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-attr", dbfile);
  #endif
  	dbattr_conf = NCONF_new(NULL);
  	if (NCONF_load(dbattr_conf,buf[0],&errorline) <= 0)
  		{
  		if (errorline > 0)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(bio_err,
  				"error on line %ld of db attribute file '%s'\n"
  				,errorline,buf[0]);
  			goto err;
  			}
  		else
  			{
  			NCONF_free(dbattr_conf);
  			dbattr_conf = NULL;
  			}
  		}
  
  	if ((retdb = OPENSSL_malloc(sizeof(CA_DB))) == NULL)
  		{
  		fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
  		goto err;
  		}
  
  	retdb->db = tmpdb;
  	tmpdb = NULL;
  	if (db_attr)
  		retdb->attributes = *db_attr;
  	else
  		{
  		retdb->attributes.unique_subject = 1;
  		}
  
  	if (dbattr_conf)
  		{
  		char *p = NCONF_get_string(dbattr_conf,NULL,"unique_subject");
  		if (p)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG[load_index]: unique_subject = \"%s\"\n", p);
  			switch(*p)
  				{
  			case 'f': /* false */
  			case 'F': /* FALSE */
  			case 'n': /* no */
  			case 'N': /* NO */
  				retdb->attributes.unique_subject = 0;
  				break;
  			case 't': /* true */
  			case 'T': /* TRUE */
  			case 'y': /* yes */
  			case 'Y': /* YES */
  			default:
  				retdb->attributes.unique_subject = 1;
  				break;
  				}
  			}
  		}
  
   err:
  	if (dbattr_conf) NCONF_free(dbattr_conf);
  	if (tmpdb) TXT_DB_free(tmpdb);
  	if (in) BIO_free_all(in);
  	return retdb;
  	}
  
  int index_index(CA_DB *db)
  	{
  	if (!TXT_DB_create_index(db->db, DB_serial, NULL,
  				LHASH_HASH_FN(index_serial_hash),
  				LHASH_COMP_FN(index_serial_cmp)))
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,
  		  "error creating serial number index:(%ld,%ld,%ld)\n",
  		  			db->db->error,db->db->arg1,db->db->arg2);
  			return 0;
  		}
  
  	if (db->attributes.unique_subject
  		&& !TXT_DB_create_index(db->db, DB_name, index_name_qual,
  			LHASH_HASH_FN(index_name_hash),
  			LHASH_COMP_FN(index_name_cmp)))
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,"error creating name index:(%ld,%ld,%ld)\n",
  			db->db->error,db->db->arg1,db->db->arg2);
  		return 0;
  		}
  	return 1;
  	}
  
  int save_index(char *dbfile, char *suffix, CA_DB *db)
  	{
  	char buf[3][BSIZE];
  	BIO *out = BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
  	int j;
  
  	if (out == NULL)
  		{
  		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
  		goto err;
  		}
  
  	j = strlen(dbfile) + strlen(suffix);
  	if (j + 6 >= BSIZE)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,"file name too long\n");
  		goto err;
  		}
  
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[2], sizeof buf[2], "%s.attr", dbfile);
  #else
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[2], sizeof buf[2], "%s-attr", dbfile);
  #endif
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s.attr.%s", dbfile, suffix);
  #else
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s-attr-%s", dbfile, suffix);
  #endif
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.%s", dbfile, suffix);
  #else
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-%s", dbfile, suffix);
  #endif
  #ifdef RL_DEBUG
  	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: writing \"%s\"\n", buf[0]);
  #endif
  	if (BIO_write_filename(out,buf[0]) <= 0)
  		{
  		perror(dbfile);
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,"unable to open '%s'\n", dbfile);
  		goto err;
  		}
  	j=TXT_DB_write(out,db->db);
  	if (j <= 0) goto err;
  			
  	BIO_free(out);
  
  	out = BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
  #ifdef RL_DEBUG
  	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: writing \"%s\"\n", buf[1]);
  #endif
  	if (BIO_write_filename(out,buf[1]) <= 0)
  		{
  		perror(buf[2]);
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,"unable to open '%s'\n", buf[2]);
  		goto err;
  		}
  	BIO_printf(out,"unique_subject = %s\n",
  		db->attributes.unique_subject ? "yes" : "no");
  	BIO_free(out);
  
  	return 1;
   err:
  	return 0;
  	}
  
  int rotate_index(char *dbfile, char *new_suffix, char *old_suffix)
  	{
  	char buf[5][BSIZE];
  	int i,j;
  	struct stat sb;
  
  	i = strlen(dbfile) + strlen(old_suffix);
  	j = strlen(dbfile) + strlen(new_suffix);
  	if (i > j) j = i;
  	if (j + 6 >= BSIZE)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,"file name too long\n");
  		goto err;
  		}
  
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[4], sizeof buf[4], "%s.attr", dbfile);
  #else
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[4], sizeof buf[4], "%s-attr", dbfile);
  #endif
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[2], sizeof buf[2], "%s.attr.%s",
  		dbfile, new_suffix);
  #else
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[2], sizeof buf[2], "%s-attr-%s",
  		dbfile, new_suffix);
  #endif
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.%s",
  		dbfile, new_suffix);
  #else
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-%s",
  		dbfile, new_suffix);
  #endif
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s.%s",
  		dbfile, old_suffix);
  #else
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s-%s",
  		dbfile, old_suffix);
  #endif
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[3], sizeof buf[3], "%s.attr.%s",
  		dbfile, old_suffix);
  #else
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[3], sizeof buf[3], "%s-attr-%s",
  		dbfile, old_suffix);
  #endif
  	if (stat(dbfile,&sb) < 0)
  		{
  		if (errno != ENOENT 
  #ifdef ENOTDIR
  			&& errno != ENOTDIR)
  #endif
  			goto err;
  		}
  	else
  		{
  #ifdef RL_DEBUG
  		BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
  			dbfile, buf[1]);
  #endif
  		if (rename(dbfile,buf[1]) < 0)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(bio_err,
  				"unable to rename %s to %s\n",
  				dbfile, buf[1]);
  			perror("reason");
  			goto err;
  			}
  		}
  #ifdef RL_DEBUG
  	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
  		buf[0],dbfile);
  #endif
  	if (rename(buf[0],dbfile) < 0)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,
  			"unable to rename %s to %s\n",
  			buf[0],dbfile);
  		perror("reason");
  		rename(buf[1],dbfile);
  		goto err;
  		}
  	if (stat(buf[4],&sb) < 0)
  		{
  		if (errno != ENOENT 
  #ifdef ENOTDIR
  			&& errno != ENOTDIR)
  #endif
  			goto err;
  		}
  	else
  		{
  #ifdef RL_DEBUG
  		BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
  			buf[4],buf[3]);
  #endif
  		if (rename(buf[4],buf[3]) < 0)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(bio_err,
  				"unable to rename %s to %s\n",
  				buf[4], buf[3]);
  			perror("reason");
  			rename(dbfile,buf[0]);
  			rename(buf[1],dbfile);
  			goto err;
  			}
  		}
  #ifdef RL_DEBUG
  	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
  		buf[2],buf[4]);
  #endif
  	if (rename(buf[2],buf[4]) < 0)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,
  			"unable to rename %s to %s\n",
  			buf[2],buf[4]);
  		perror("reason");
  		rename(buf[3],buf[4]);
  		rename(dbfile,buf[0]);
  		rename(buf[1],dbfile);
  		goto err;
  		}
  	return 1;
   err:
  	return 0;
  	}
  
  void free_index(CA_DB *db)
  	{
  	if (db)
  		{
  		if (db->db) TXT_DB_free(db->db);
  		OPENSSL_free(db);
  		}
  	}
  
  /* This code MUST COME AFTER anything that uses rename() */
  #ifdef OPENSSL_SYS_WIN32
  int WIN32_rename(char *from, char *to)
  	{
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_WINCE
  	/* Windows rename gives an error if 'to' exists, so delete it
  	 * first and ignore file not found errror
  	 */
  	if((remove(to) != 0) && (errno != ENOENT))
  		return -1;
  #undef rename
  	return rename(from, to);
  #else
  	/* convert strings to UNICODE */
  	{
  	BOOL result = FALSE;
  	WCHAR* wfrom;
  	WCHAR* wto;
  	int i;
  	wfrom = malloc((strlen(from)+1)*2);
  	wto = malloc((strlen(to)+1)*2);
  	if (wfrom != NULL && wto != NULL)
  		{
  		for (i=0; i<(int)strlen(from)+1; i++)
  			wfrom[i] = (short)from[i];
  		for (i=0; i<(int)strlen(to)+1; i++)
  			wto[i] = (short)to[i];
  		result = MoveFile(wfrom, wto);
  		}
  	if (wfrom != NULL)
  		free(wfrom);
  	if (wto != NULL)
  		free(wto);
  	return result;
  	}
  #endif
  	}
  #endif
  