I
(c. K Burton Iiolm^s. Courtesy Travelogue Bureau.
Ferry cn the Peiho River.
J
TIENTSIN, enTlofl tho panorama
city of China, came into pub
lic notice again recently be
cause of disorders in which
Americans and Japanese were involv
ed. To walk about Tientsin is'to trav
el, says a bulletin of the National
Geographic society. An afternoon’s
stroll from the native to the British,
Preach, Italian, Russian and other for
eign quarters gives the sensation of a
magic tour through Peking, London,
Paris, Rome and I’etrograd. And the
windmills among tho salt mounds just
outside the city add a touch of Holland.
This panorama city lias had a tem
pestuous history. There n group of
American and other foreign residents—
Herbert C. Hoover among them—de
fended themselves for a mouth against
the fanatic boxers in 1000.
Since then the native city has been
known as Cheng-11, or “Town Without
Walls,” because the ancient barriers
were demolished during the siege. Of
the 500 doughty foreigners more than
fifty were killed and many others
wounded before military aid came.
Tientsin was the scene of another
famous siege, that of the Taiping reb
els In 1853. I-'ollowers of Hung Sin
Tsuan, who had professed Christianity
and set himself up in Nanking as the
“Heavenly King,” marched toward
Peking. Hut the Waterloo of the “long
haired rebels” so called because they
would not plait their queues and thus
signify loyalty to the Mauchus, came
ut Tientsin.
“Chinese" Gordon’s Victory.
The success of the campaign against
the revolutionists was due principally
to the gallant “Chinese” Gordon, Gen.
Charles George Gordon, and ius “ever
victorious army.” Hut the fact would
not be suspected from reading the im
perial edict issued by the former con
cubine olio had elevated herself to
Kmpr< --s I lou nger. The edict set forth
tlint “this glorious victory is entirely
due to the bountiful protection of heav
en, to the ever-pre-ent help of our an
cestors and to the foresight of the em
press regent.” A tribute is paid to the
Chinese generals, “who have been
-—
combed by the wind and batlied in the
rain, and one of them was awarded
the decoration of the double-eyed pea
coek’s feather.
< 'ommamling the native force at Tien
t‘in was Seng-ko-lln-sm, a Mongol gei*
oral, who later distinguished himself
b'ss c reditably. In I860 be sought to
defend Tientsin against a foreign ex
pedition by erecting an immense mud
rampant outside the city. Tientsin
was captured and held for two years
by the British and French and the
n ude defense is known in the foreign
quarters as “Seng-ko-ltn-sln’s folly.”
The region about Tientsin was
known as ('lii-elmu, under the llsia dyn
asty, whose rulers, 4,000 years ago,
already had court astronomers who
could predict eclipses. Later it was
caled Ya-chou, in the Chou dynasty,
marked by the western wars waged by
Mu-Wang ugainst the ‘‘Dog Barbari
ans,” thought to lie ancestors of tlio
11 ups. Tientsin dates hack at least
to tin* fourteenth century.
Immense Sait Industry.
The -alt industry in the neighbor
hood of Tientsin is prodigious. Wind
mills nro used to pump salt water into
tin* Adds along tin* Ilailn river, where
tin* widely-known Chang-lu salt is
made. Before the war nearly ”0,000
tons were produced annually. But
Tientsin is important commercially in
u.un.v respect.4. It is n rice market,
and Siberia's ten formerly was shipped
through here. Exports were as varied
us the needs of the dozen or so nations
which had separate settlements along
five miles of the river front, and its
imports were its diverse as the com
modifies those nations had to yx
The TViiio and Tiuifhn rivers con
verge tit Tientsin. From the latter f.i
the Yangtsze-Kiang extends the Brand
canal, that remarkable specimen of
ancienr engineering, mentioned by Con
fucius. wliich originally was more than
1 non miles long.
Tientsin lias mope people than P> *s
ton. It is the principal city of Chih
li and 5s SC miles southeast of Peking
by rail.
(g> hJ Burton Holme*. 0?ottrt€«J’ Travelogue Uuitau.
Street Scene in Tientsin.
COULD NOT SEE INTO FUTURE
Men of Genius Had Little Idea What
Their Inventions Might Mea«
to the World.
It appear* Mint it is not infrequent
ly the ease that great inventor* do not
comprehend the significance of the
thing* they have produced. Here are
two examples:
When Hertz first began to obtain
satisfactory results from his now fa
mous researches into the possibility of
£ transmitting electric waves certain
men of science suggested that some
day similar vibrations might serve to
transmit messages through space.
Ilerlz laughed at the hypothesis and
assured all comers that his experi
ments were for laboratories only. Now,
after a few short years, it is hard to
find a single Issue of a daily newspa
per that does not record some note
worthy example of the use of wireless
telegraphy.
Levassor was the great engineer
who sketched the automobile with
ruch skill that hi* design has not been
materially changed to this day. After
Levassor accomplished his historic
trip from Paris to Bordeaux and ro
turn nt the dizzy speed of about 1T>
miles 2i 11 hour his admirers gave him :
u banquet. During the Ususts one of
them, stirred by the spirit of the oc
casion, rose and enthusiastically called
on the assembly to drink to the ni»- j
proachiug day wlton carriages should j
travel at the speed of 00 miles an j
hour. Levussor turned to his nearest I
neighbor and asked In a quick under- |
tone:
“Why is it that after every banquet i
some people feel called on to make j
fools of themselves?’’
Only One Foundation.
Men best prove their right to rights
by making good in little things, liights
are those tilings that grow out of uni
i versa I justice. In the last analysis
they are beyond price. Some folks
«ay they have bought the right to
certain tilings. That is only because
custom has commercialized them. Such
rights savor of monopoly and are as
unstable as the dollars with which
they are purchased. Right that rests
i upon divine law may seem very tame.
J hut after all it's the only right that
r abides amidst the rise and full of em
1 pices and the changing customs of
! men. To such rights every man i;
heir.—Exchange.
DRAG ROADS AT PROPER TIME
Fully as Important as It Is That High
ways Should Be Done Right
Keep Ruts From Forming.
(Prepared by the Pnitcd States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
It is fully ns Important that a road
be dragged at the right time as it is
that the dragging he properly done.
Furthermore, the difficulties involved
iu prescribing definite rules for deter
mining when dragging should he done
are equally as great as those already
encountered In attempting to define
how it should be done. Only very gen
eral statements concerning this fea
ture of the work can properly lie made
here, and much must be left to the ex
perienced judgment of those who de
cide when the dragging of any particu
lar road is to he started and when it
is to be stopped.
The rule frequently cited that all
earth roads should lie dragged imme
diately after every rain, is in many
cases entirely impracticable and is ulso
r
T
.; ; . v
23**-W -•••': v-<:
Drag on a North Carolina Road.
very misleading because of the condi
tions which it fails to contemplate. It
Is true that there are many road sur
faces composed of earth or earthy ma
lt rial which do not become very muddy
under traffic, even during long rainy
seasons, and since such surfaces usu
' ally tend to hnrden very rapidly ns
soon ns the weather clears up, it may
he desirable to drag roads of this kind
immediately after a rain. Such roads,
however, would not ordinarily need to
ho dragged after every rain, because
of the strong tendency that they nat
urally possess of holding their shape.
On the other hand, many varieties ol
clay and soil tend to become very
muddy under only light traffic after
very moderate rains, and, it is evident
that roads constructed of such ma
terials could not always be success
fully dragged immediately after a rain.
Sometimes, in fact, it may he neces
sary to wait until several consecutive
clear days have elapsed after a long
rainy spell before the road is sufficient
ly dried out to keep ruts from forming
almost as rapidly as they can be filled
; by dragging.
Well-constructed sand-clay topsoil
| roads should not often become muddy
I after they are once well compacted.
They may become seriously rutted,
! however, under heavy traffic, during
| rainy weather, and are almost sure to
need dragging several times each year.
Such roads should ordinarily he drag
ged as soon after a rain as prac
ticable as otherwise the surface soon
1 becomes dry and hard, so that it Is
j accessary to do considerably more
Iragging In order to fill the ruts. Fur
ihermore, the material which the drag
moves will not compact readily unless
it contains a considerable amount ol
moisture.
Gravel roads can bo effectively main
lamed with a road drag only when the
gravel composing the surface Is fine
grained and contains u considerable
quantity of clay earth. Gravel road
surfaces In which this condition pre
vails not infrequently get badly out of
sliape during wet weather, and may
sometimes require considerably more
attention than well-constructed sand
clay topsoil roads. The time for drag
ging gravel roads is unquestionably
while they are wet. In fact, the best
results are sometimes obtained by do
ing the dragging after the road has be
come thoroughly soaked and while It
Is still mining.
In general, it may be said that the
best time to drag any type of road Is
when the material composing the sur
face contains sufficient moisture to
compact readily after it has been
moved by the drag and is not suffi
ciently wet for the traffic following the
drag to produce mud.
Change in Road Sentiment.
When vve consider the fact that such
a large proportion of our population
are owners of automobiles It Is not
difficult to understand the change In
sentiment in regard to road building
that has recently developed.
Big Saving in Hauiing.
If our main highways were improved
with permanent surface, we would
certainly save 8 or 9 cents per tou
mile In hauling the immense interstate
commerce that each year originates
from agriculture, tmue and forest
Concerning Wraps for Children.
<>n very little <*nil«ir«'n designers
sometimes like to put clothes that
■nuke them look like fascinating min
iatures of their mothers. There is n
wonderful appeal in these little repli
cas of grown-up garments, something
droll and something that brings out
tire sweet promise that makes little
girls so lovable. As the little lady
progresses Into the dapper stage this
mimicry of grown-ups is abandoned
because she requires things made es
pecially for her in her “pin-feather"
stage. It takes the little, downy chick
to look lovely while she apes her
mother and to make us wish to have
tlie world an easy place for her to live
in when she grows up.
For a girl of ten—or thereabout—
the checked coat shown in the picture
lias been designed with thought only
of her and hey needs. It is in black
and gray, and is a very childish look
ing and crisp garment, as buoyant as
' a hair how. It hangs straight at the
; front, has roomy sleeves with wide
fims, fastens with two large button*,
and lias a giiille that is Joined at the
ends wiili a buckle. Having traveled
this far in a quiet and dignified man
ner the designer grew playful in mak
ing tlie accessories. The pockets are
queer and just make-believe and tHe
cellar plays pranks. It takes on a
band of plain gray cloth at the back
and becomes rovers at the front by
means of an unexpected side-step, to
which attention is called by two little
buttons. It is a coat to please a
little girl and every one who sees
her.
The very little girl has a demure
and correct coat on with a full body
gathered to a fitted yoke. The pointed
collar finished with .a tassel at the
1 nek suggests a hood and looks very
little-girlish, hut a muffler collar of
silk has a very grown-up air. Design
ing clothes for children is not as sim
ple as it looks, but there are people
who are gifted with a special knack
for doing it.
Dress Hats Approved by Fashion.
If the feminine mind ever needed
convincing that pretty and strictly
feminine clothes add a world of joy
to life, it is thoroughly made up on
that point now. During the war
women got themselves into business
clothes and uniforms, turned their
backs on everything that hinted of
frivolity and “tended to their knitting,”
dressed in the quietest and most mat
ter-of-fact way. Rut the minute it
was over they welcomed everything
that is beautiful and cheerful in ap
parel and are spending more money
for clothes Ilian ever before, to the
benelit of everybody.
Of course millinery reflects more
quickly than anything else the moods
of the public, for several reasons. A
glance at the group of hats pictured
here reveals picturesque shapes, love
ly colors, blossoms, ribbons, exquisite
materials, till telling the story of mid
summer as clearly as can be. At the
top of the group there is a wide
brimmed black hat of braid with a
portion of the brim cut away and tilled
In with malines. Flowers ore set
against the crown and ribbon encir
cles it; one gets a glimpse of them
through the nudities in the brim.
Just below at the left, a lovely leg
join has Its tinner brim and crown I
| veiled with georgette. Velvet ribbob !
| in ti pastel blue is drawn over the !
| erown and fulls in long ends tit the j
buck mill Minn 11 garden (lowers are 1
j clustered against this nr.tire back- j
. ground. You can imagine how pleas
! ing they are. At the right another ; 1
leghorn is simply trimmed with very j '
! 'vide pink satin ribbon tied in a full ; '
| bow with short ends, at the back. I *
'lbe last lint Is a black shape with '
mihui crown and hair braid brim and 1
has a sasli of narrow sapphire blue 1
ribbon with clusters of small flowers
set against it. 1
(
Ruffles and Frills for Waists.
If one's happiness depends on ruf
fles and sheer frills, says Vogue, there (
is a gay waist of net. \\ hich is ohe of
the newest materials for the warm
weathei blouses. It is in a deep cream I
tone and ripples around the neck Into 1
a mflle edged with cream Venetian i
lace. The sleeves at the cuffs nre made t
Willi a double ruffle, one of the plain t
not, the other of net edged with lace. I
Cream crocheted buttons fasten the l
front. t
UorlituKaral
s
©s|i\
>PRAY controls grape rot
/ines Should Be Sprayed With Bor
deaux Mixture in Spring as Buds
Begin to Swell.
By JOHN II CARMODY, Kentucky Ex
periment Station.)
Frequent complaint is reaching the
experiment station regarding a disease
hat is attacking the grapes. Upon in
rest igation this trouble is usually
round to he due to a parasitic fungus
known as black rot.
Tills is by no means a new trouble,
is it is very general in till of the see
linns where the grape is grown. P.lack
rot first shows itself upon the berries
and leaves. Usually tlie berries are
most seriously affected and tlie dis
ease manifests itself upon the latter
by small, clear-cut brown spots These
spots gradually enlarge until all of the
berries on the stem ore affected. It
is a noticeable fact that the diseased
berries do not shed but continue to
i-»
m
Barrel Pump Suitable for Spraying
Fruit, Garden or Home Orchard.
ling to the \ine long after tire grape
season is past. It is needless to say
that tills serves as a means whereby
ilie disease is carried over from one
season to another.
Fortunately for the persons inter
■sttd in grape culture this trouble can
lie readily kept In control. Where
only a few vines are grown the prac
tice of bagging the bundles In orde*
to ward off t lie spore may be used.
The bunches should lie covered early
in (lie season after the blooming sea
son is over. The ordinary paper sacks
do very well. The principal point to
keep in mind is to pin the top of the
bag securely so that It will exdude
the entrance of the spores, it Is also
a good plan to clean the vineyard of
any old litter, such as leaves and
pruned canes, as soon as convenient.
Spraying with bordeaux mixture is
perhaps one of the most reliable
means of control. Where the trouble
is known to exist the vines should be
thoroughly sprayed in tile spring Just
as the buds are swelling. This appli
cation should be repeated several times
during the summer. 'The number of
applications will depend somewhat on
tin* nature of the season. If the sea
son happens to he dry n fewer num
ber of applications will be needed
than if the season is warm and moist
llordeaux mixture for this purpose
may be prepared as follows: Dissolve
four pounds of copper sulphate (blue
stone) and four pounds of stone lime
separately in 2o gallons of water. Then
pour the two together into a oOgaltor*
barrel and stir thoroughly. The best
way to dissolve the copper sulphate is
to suspend it in a elotli bag in water
over night. Care should be taken not
to let it come in contact with any
metal. Pumps should be brass lined
where bordeaux is to lie used.
PARTIAL SHADE FOR BERRIES
In Southern Limits of Their Range
Currants and Gooseberries Do
Better If Shaded.
Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
Currants and gooseberries common*
y do better, especially In the soutb
■rn limits of their range, if grown
there there Is parliul shade. Thin
omotinu's can he provided by plani
ng them between fruit trees. Itasp
icrrlcs and blackberries are sometimes
limited between trees, but the practice
s not advisable unless tlie soil is nutu
all.v moist and fertile.
CALL APPLE KING OF FRUITS
•ianter Should Avail Himself of Sug
gestions of Experienced Men in
His Community.
Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
In selecting varieties of fruits for
loitie planting, the planter should avail
luiself of the suggestions of experi
nectl fruit growers 'n his community,
ho county agent, th» experiment sta
lon or extension division of the col
■ge i f agriculture of Ills state, or the
,’iiitctl States deparimeut of ngricul
are.