FARM
ANIMALS
AVOID SPREAD OF INFECTION
Thorough Disinfection Is Essential to
and Efficient in Preventing
Contagion.
In any outbreak of infectious dis
ease among animals thorough disin
fection of the premises is essential to
preventing the spread of the conta
gion. Certain substances, such as
fresh slaked lime or unslaked lime in
powder form, chloride of lime, car
bolic acid, corrosive sublimate, for
malin, formaldehyde gas, and com
pound solution of cresol possess the
power of destroying bacteria with
which they come in contact. To make
the use of such substances of value,
however, the work must bo done with
the utmost thoroughness.
In the disinfection of stables and
premises the following directions :
should be carefully observed:
1. Sweep ceilings, side walls, stall
partitions, floors, and other surfaces
until free from cobwebs and dust.
2. Remove all accumulations of
filth by scraping, and if woodwork has
become decayed, porous, or absorbent,
It should be removed, burned, and re
placed with new material.
3. If the floor is of earth, remove
4 inches from the surface, and in
places where it shows staining with
urine a sufficient depth should be re
placed to expose fresh earth.
4. All refuse and material from sta
ble and barnyard should be removed
to a place not accessible to slaked
lime.
5. The entire interior of the stable,
especially the feeding troughs and
drains, Bhould be saturated with a dis
infectant. as a 3 pet cent solution of
compound solution of cresol (U. S. I\),
which would be four ounces of the
compound to every gallon of water.
The best method of applying the dis
infectant is by means of a strong
spray pump, such as those used by
orchardsists.
This method is efficient in disin
fection against most of the conta
gious and Infectious diseases of ani
mals, and should be applied immedi
ately following any outbreak, and, as
a matter of precaution, it may be used
once or twice yearly.
AID TO VETERINARY’S WORK
Device Illustrated by Means of Which
Horse's Mouth Is Held Open Dur
ing Examination,
Two pairs of pivoted Jaws are
equipped with teeth plates to cover
the teeth of a horse. One of the jaws
terminates in a set of fixed teeth,
which may become engaged with a
Holding Horse’s Mouth Open.
latch affixed to the other Jaw. A strap
holds the device in position on the
head of the animal Hy means of the
teeth and latch, tho horse's mouth
may be held open during a veter
inary's examination. — Popular Me
chanics.
TELL SHEEP’S AGE BY TEETH
When Purchasing an Animal One
Should See to It That None of
Molars Are Missing.
A lamb lias eight small first-teeth
on the lower Jaw. When the animal
reaches the age of about one year, tho
middle pair are replaced by two per
manent teeth, at tho age of about
two the teeth on either shlo of these
permanent teeth are also replaced
with a permanent pair; at the age of
three the next tooth on either side
gives way to a permanent tooth; and
at about the age of four, the last or
back teeth are replaced in like man
ner.
Briefly, then, a sheep with one
pair of permanent teeth is a yearling;
sheep with two pairs is a two-year
old; with three pairs, a three-year
odl; and with four pairs, a four-year
old.
After a sheep is four years old, one
! cannot tell by the teeth about tbe
age However, one who is purchasing
a sheep should see to it that it has
not lost any teeth, or that the teeth
have not become long and shoe-peggy
In appearance
Have Some Sheep.
A nice herd of sheep will fit in al
most any farm equation. Look up
u' *iros an,i cons of the question
very carefully and we believe that you
wi 1 include them in your next year’s
schedule. If you have not the cash or
Inclination to start with an entire
purebred flock, buy the best ewes you
can and grade up with a purebred
ram.
CAUSES FOR SMALL LITTERS
One Reason Which Contributes to
Trouble More Than Any Other Is
Breeding Young Sows.
Can you tell me why my brood
sows only bring between three and six
pigs per litter?”
Replying to this question Prof. G.
W Barnes, live stock specialist of the
I niversity of Arizona agricultural ex
tension service, says:
"If you have studied hog conditions
in the United States you will find that
about four pigs per litter is the aver
age; and I can point to you men in
Arizona who are actually raising for
market two and three pigs to the lit
Digs?- . -s
Well-Developed Sow With Profitable
Litter.
ter, yet the coat of maintenance of
the brood sow is practically the same
whether she brings two pigs or ten
pigs per litter, which means that the
farmers are losing a large percentage
of profit by keeping such brood sows
in their herds.
“There are several reasons why
brood sows bring small litters, and 1
firmly believe that the one which con
tributes to the trouble more than any
other is the practice of breeding sows
too young. It is no uncommon thing
to find sows weighing less than one
hundred pounds with pigs. Usually
you find them with only two pigs. The
young sows which you intend to keep
for brood sows should never be bred
under nine months of age, and it is
much better to wait until they are
twelve or fourteen months old. Then
if they are not full developed, wait a
few months longer. Your brood sowr
is good for six or eight years, and, if
by waiting a few months in the be
ginning before starting her on her life
work, you can Increase the size of her
litters, you have certainly made good
wages for those months. Another
thing which contributes to no slight
extent to cause small litters is the
lack of exercise.
WEANLING PIGS GROW FAST
Greatest Gains for Feed Consumed
Are Made in Early Life—Lard
Hogs Becoming Unpopular.
Tho prevalent opinion seems to be
that swine were designed to eat up
tho corn crop and grow into 300
pound porkers. Under certain cir
cumstances there is a better profit in
selling weanlings than in feeding
them up to tho usual market weights.
Exact trials at many experiment
stations show that the greatest gains
for feed consumed are made in early
life and that as the animals grow old
er it takes more feed to produce a
pound of pork.
Tho sucking pig grows very fast
and converts nearly all of its rations
into meat. If tho sow is fed liberally
she, too, will make some gains while
supporting her brood. Tho weanling
weighing 25 to 10 pounds is almost
clear gain and will often bring ten
cents a pound at this age.
On the same principle the 150-pound
pig will make more profitable re
turns on feed consumed than if left
until it weighs 250 pounds. There is
an increasing number of farmers who
prefer to sell light "bacon hogs" and
fewer who continue to feed “lard
hogs" up to the extra fat classes that
were popular a score of years ago.
Trade with the merchants
who advertise in The Journal.
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are usually suffering from some stom
ach or bowel disorder. To relieve the
Sick Babies
little sufferer, use — « ■— ar-<a~-»
McGEE S
BABY ELIXIR
A Soothing Remedy Sor Baby’s Stomach
Babies that are feverish, restless, cross or fretful from bad diges
tion sick stomach, diarrhoea or the teething period, improve
rapidly and become comfortable and contented under the correct
ing influence of McGee's Baby Elixir; a pure, wholesome, harm
less remedy, containing no opium, morphine or other injurious
drug It ouickly checks feverishness, vomiting, diarrhoea and in
flammation of the bowels, and makes the baby healthy and happy.
Price 25c per bottle
JAS. F. BALLARD, Proprietor, ST. LOUIS, MO.
FOR SALE BY THF NEWARK DRUG CO
EXPERIMENT IN GOOD ROADS
Road to Chevy Chase '‘Text Book in
Concrete. Brick and Stone”—Ex
perts Are Interested.
There is here a text book in con
crete, brick and stone- the road to
Chevy Chase, built by the plans and
under the direction of the office of ]
public roads of the United States and
for the sole purpose of informing the
public and the members of congress
interested in the improvement of the
public highways upon the methods and
cost of construction, types of roads,
adaptability of material and economy
| of maintenance.
Thousands of people travel over
this road, which is built In many sec
tions of different types, every day, and
hundreds of practical road builders
from all parts of the country have in
i spectod it from time to time and have
Sand and Gravel Piled on Subgrade
Rnady for Use, Experimental Con
ite Road, Chevy Chase, Md.
marveled at the excellence of the
| work.
Manufacturers who have supplied
bituminous materials for the treat
ment of the road have detached their
special experts for this service and
the traffic over the road has demon
strated under carefully observed con
ditions the relative value of the sev
eral types of road making up this great
highway.
The Chevy Chase road is experi
; mental. It consists of different types
' of pavement—bituminous macadam
laid by the penetration method, sur
face treatments of waterbound ma
cadam, asphaltic surfaces on concrete
foundations, bituminous surfaced con
| crete, plain and oil cement concrete
\ and vitrified brick, all of which are
j under daily observation by expert
road builders to ascertain which of the
types is best suited to the traffic and
I which is condemned by practical test
! under the same conditions of climate,
soil, rainfall, heat and cold and like
traffic requirements. It would be just
the same to the office of public roads
which has written this open book in
! concrete, brick and stone whether any
pai;t of it or all parts of it should fail,
failure in materials used, in construc
tion, in durability, in cost, in mainte
nance—the test is the thing.
Road building is a science now% and
efficiency is the only test of quality.
In the stones used in the construc
tion of the Chevy Chase road, their
specific gravity, their weight per cubic
foot, their water absorption, their per
centage of wear, their hardness and
toughness are all determined by the
most careful scientific tests. Patrol
men are constantly employed on this
road to keep account of whatever de
fects in materials and construction
may develop and exact data as to the
cost of maintenance.
The Chevy Chase road was fortu
nately placed for the reason that all
of its sections of types have been sub
jected to precisely the same sort of
traffic year in and year out and the
section or type that has not stood the
strain has been as Important an object
lesson to road builders as the section
or type that has maintained itself un
j der like strain. The road, as a whole,
i is a great experiment conducted by the
most competent engineers to demou
j strate the most practical things.
Good Stretches Useless.
Local control in road building means
a good patch where the officials are
up to date, and a poor stretch where
the localjauthorities are slack in their
road work—and the poor stretches of
road make the good stretches useless.
Up-to-Date Roads.
We have the spectacle in most
states of pioneer roads for twentieth
century farmers whose equipment in
fanning consists of modern machinery
and modes of travel. When, oh when,
\ will he put the up-to-date mode of
travel on an up-to-date road!
Drag Improves Surface.
Is your road to town rough and
hard to travel over? A split-log or
iron drag drawn over the road after
each rain helps to give r good sur
face and does not cost much.
FIXING BAD SPOTS IN ROADS
Temporary Expedients for Making
Them Passable—Should Be Em
ployed Only in Emergencies.
(From Weekly News Letter. United St:vtes
Department of Agriculture.)
Temporary repairs to roads are, or
at least should be, confined to emer
gency measures. In proportion to the
results obtained, temporary work is al
ways expensive and is never justified
by ordinary conditions. Unusual con
ditions, however, often occur to plague
the road man. For example, the clos
ing of a main highway to traffic be
cause of construction, repair or wash
outs may suddenly throw a heavy traf
fic for a short time on a little-used and
probably unimproved byway. Cdearly,
in such a case temporary expedients
are legitimate.
The most common troubles met with
in a case of this kind are mudholes
and ruts if the soil is heavy, and dust
and looso sand if the soil is light or
sandy.
On a clay or gumbo road mudholes
usually cause the most troublo. As
water is absolutely necessary for the
existence of a mudhole, any treatment,
whether temporary or permanent in
character, must provide for getting rid
of the water. The first step is, there
fore, to dig a trench to the side and
allow the water and mud to drain. If
necessary, open up also the side
ditches. Furthermore, remove all of
the soft mud left in the mudhole. The
bottom of the trench should be filled
with broken stone or coarse gravel so
as to provide a drain to prevent any
further accumulation of water. Gravel
is the best material for filling the old
mudhole. If gravel is not available,
use the best earth at hand, tamping it
down in three or four-inch layers. If
possible, spread a little gravel or sand
over the new fill, which should be
made slightly higher than the adjoin
ing road surface. The best treatment
of all, however, is to keep the drain
age in good condition. Serious mud
holes will then rarely develop.
Don’t try to fill a mudhole without
first draining out the water and re
moving the soft mud. Don’t try to fill
it with large stones, because if this is
done there will soon be two mudholes
instead of one. Don’t try to fill a mud
hole with sods or similar material
which absorb water readily.
On an earth or gravel road ruts are
best treated with the drag. Don't bo
afraid of dragging too often during a
rainy spell. If a thin coat of sand or
gravel be spread over the road sur
face when it has been softened by rain
and then worked in by traffic and a
liberal use of the drag, a poor earth
road can be much improved and made
to carry a surprisingly heavy traffic
for a short time.
In contrast to the clay or gumbo
road, the sand road gives least trouble
r
Experimental Concrete Road.
during wet weather. On sandy roads
anything that wrill prevent the free
movement of the sand particles will
he of value. As long as the road is
damp, the surface tension of the capil
lary wmter acts as a binder and holds
the separate grains of sand in place.
All efforts should, therefore, be direct
ed toward preventing the sandy places
from drying out, or to adding some
binder. The addition of clay furnishes
a positive binder and is really the best
and most permanent treatment. The
addition of any fibrous material such
as straw, spent tan bark, sage brush
or pine needles is of value and, when
spread on the road and covered with
a thin coat of sand or allowed to work
into the surface, will make an almost
impassable sand road fairly good for a
time. But the best way to treat a bad
place, whether on a clay or a sand
road, is to treat it before it gets bad.
Immediate attention to small injuries
will prevent later prolonged attention
and extensive repairs to serious dam
ages.
Rubbing Eases Pain
Rubbing sends the liniment
tingling through the flesh and
! quickly gtop3 pain. Demand a
liniment that you can rub with.
The best rubbing liniment is
MUSTANG
LINIMENT
i ft i
Good for the Ailments of
Horses, Mules, v Cattle,’ Etc.
Qoodfor your own Aches},
Pains, Rheumatism, Sprains,
; Cuts, Burns, Etc.
25c. 50c. $1.' At all Dealers.
/
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For Irfnnts nrd Children.
Mothers Know That
Genuine Castoria
TAX ASSESSOR’S NOTICE
Notice is hereby given that 1
will attend in person, or by de
puty, at the hereinafter men
tined places in the various
townships of Independence
County, Arkansas, for the pur
pose of taking lists of the Per
sonal Property of each resident
of the county, and the per cap
ita of all such persons as are
liable by law to pay same for
the year 1916, on days and
dates as follows to-wit:
Relief township, at Covers
ton school house, Thursday,
June 22.
Liberty township, at Floral,
Friday and Saturday, June 2.‘!
and 24.
Fairview township, at Pleas
ant Plains, Monday and Tues
day, June 26 and 27.
Salado township, at Salado,
Wednesdav and Thursday,
June 28 and 29.
White River township, .T
Sulphur Rock, Friday and Sat
urday, June 30, and July 1.
Big Bottom township,at New
ark, Monday, Wednesday and
Thursday, July 3, 5 and 6.
Magness township, at Mag
ncss, Friday and Saturday,July
7 and 8.
Ruddell township, at Court
House, to and including Mon
day, July 24. After which time
a penalty of one dollar will at
tach to those failing to list.
Important to School Direc
tors—The law requires you to
file a list of all the personal
and poll tax payers of your re
spective districts, and the pen
ally for failing to do so is $10.
Please furnish me such list on
(lie first day of assessing at
your precinct.
A 'sess in person, if possible,
as no person can list your pro
per!; unless they can swear to
tlie correal ness of the same.
Each person will be expected
to give correct number of the
school district in which they
live.
Where 1 have more thanone
day in a township, 1 reserve
the right to leave soon after
noon of the last day there, in
order to reach the next town
ship. S. 1). LINDSEY,
Assessor of Independence
County, Ark., May 1, 191G.
sickly Children
child with worms is pale,
■ s and unhealthy. Its appe
trr !-« variable. It starts in the
■■■ ! and frequently grinds the
teeth when sleeping. A certain
remedy for worms is
White’s Cream
Vermifuge
It destroys the worms and
strengthens the internal organs
that have been weakened by
these pests. Pale, sickly chil*
di' ii pick up quickly and soon
become healthy, active and
cheerful under its excellent
correc ting influence. Price 25c.
JAS. F. BALLARD, Prop.
SI. tOIJIS, MO.
tvsc-... ________
sgsinnntin 1
NEWARK DRUG COMPANY
•j:;lii!mmBiianBi81iijiHMBMil(Rli;rli;! xismwimi
ADAMS BROTHERS
Cotton and Corn Buyers
General Merchandise
To the 1 :ar mers: We want your produceand will
pay the highest market price in cash or trade
NEWARK, ARKANSAS
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' IS YOUR LAND TITLE GOOD? |
It' you hLive never had the title to your
land examined and the title abstracted
you should have it attended to at once—
you insure your property against tire. Now
have your land title abstracted against
LOSS BY
Independence County
Abstract Company
S. A. Moore, Manager Ilatesville, Arkansas jj
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