President Roosevelt’s Communica
tion to National Law Makers.
SUBJECTS OF IMPORTANCE
Control of the Trusts—Frnritls of Va
rious Kinds—The Isthmian Canal
and l’anania Revolution—The Mer
chant Marine—Our lusulnr Posses
sions—Foreign ltelutions.
President Roosevelt’s annual message to
congress deals largely with a few impor
tant questions, leaving those of minor in
terest to the annual reports of the execu
tive department heads.
This first subject to receive attention at
the hands of the president is that of the
trusts in connection with the operations
of the department of commerce and labor
and the bureau of corporations. Of the
results which this bureau will accomplish
be says:
“The preliminary work of the bureau of
corporations in the department has shown
the wisdom of its creation. Publicity in
corporate afTairs w ill tend to do away with
ignorance, and will afford facts upon which
intelligent action may be taken. System
atic, intelligent investigation Is already de
veloping facts the knowledge of which is
essential to a right understanding of the
needs and duties of the business world.
The corporation which is honestly and
fuirly organized, whose managers in the
conduct of its business recognize their
obligation to deal squarely with their
stockholders, their competitors and the
public, has nothing to fear from such
supervision. The purpose of this bureau
is not to embarrass or assail Ugitimate
business, but to aid in bringing about a
better industrial condition—a condition
under which there shall be obedience to
law and recognition of public obligation
by ail corporations, great or small.'’
Capital and Labor.
On the subject of capital and labor the
president says:
“The consistent policy of the national
government, so far as it has the power,
is to hold in check the unscrupulous man,
whether employer or employe; but to re
fuse to weaken individual initiative or to
hamper or cramp the industrial develop
ment of the country. We recognize that
this is an era of federation and combina
tion, in which great capitalistic corpora
tions and labor unions have become fac
tors of tremendous importance in all in
dustrial centers'. Hearty recognition is
given the far-reachmg. beneficent work
which has been accomplished through both
rorporation.s and unions, and the line as
between different corporations, as between
different unions, is diuftn as it is between
different individuals; that is, it is drawn
on conduct, the effort being to treat both
organized capital and organized labor
alike; asking nothing save that the inter
est of each shall be brought into harmony
with the interest of the general public, and
that the conduct of each shall conform to
the fundamental rules of obedience to
law, of individual freedom, and of Justice
and fair dealing towards all. Whenever
either corporation, labor union, or individ
ual disregards the law or acts in a spirit
of arbitrary or tyrannous interference w ith
the rights of others, w hether corporations
or Individuals, then where the federal gov
ernment has jurisdiction, It will see to it
that the misconduct is stopped, paying
not the slightest heed to the position or
power of the corporation, the union or the
Individual, but only to one vital fact—that
is, the question whether or not the conduct
of the individual or aggregate of individ
uals is in accordance with the law of the
land. Every man must be guaranteed his
liberty and his right to do as he likes with
his property or his labor, so long as he does
not infringe the rights of others. No man
is above the law and no man Is below it;
nor do we ask any man’s permission when
we require him to obey it Obedience to
the law Is demanded as a right; not asked
as a favor “
The Merchant Mnrlne.
The president does not believe that any
financial legislation Is needed or advisable
at this time. On the subject of the mer
chant marine he asks that a commission
consisting: of the secretary of the navy,
postmaster general and secretary of com
merce and labor be appointed to investi
gate its n«eds and report to congress de
sirable legislation. He believes in stop
ping undesirable immigration, but makes
no specific recommendations. He refers
to the naturalization frauds being perpe
trated in the large cities especially, and
asks that a way be found to stop them.
He recommends that appropriations made
for the purpose of enabling the attorney
general to prosecute the violations of tile
anti-trust laws be extended to Include all
violations of national laws, including nat
uralization frauds, the postal and public
land frauds.
He refers to steps now- being taken by
the state department for making bribery
in extraditable offt-nse, and in connection
with this the president says:
“The exposures and prosecutions of ofTl
clal corruption In St. Louis, Mo., and other
cities and states have resulted in a num
ber ot givers and takers of bribes becoming
fugitives in foreign lands. Bribery has
not been included in extradition treaties
heretofore, as the necessity for It has not
arisen. While there may have been as
much official corruption in former years,
there has been more developed and brought
to light in the immediate past than in iho
?receding century of our country's history.
t should be the policy of the I'nited States
to leave no place on earth where a cor
rupt man fleeing from this country can
rest In peace. There Is no reason why
bribery should not be included In all trea
ties as extraditable."
The AlnsUnn Ilotmilary.
In connection with the Alaskan boundary
decision the president reviews the history
of the case leading up to the appointment
of the tribunal, its sessions and decision,
pronounces the result entirely satisfac
tory, and says:
“The award is self-executing on the vital
points. To make It effective as regards
the others, it only remains for the two
governments to appoint, each on its own
behalf, one or more scientific experts, who
shall, with all convenient speed, proceed
together to lay down the boundary line
in accordance with the decision of the ma
jority of the tribunal. I recommend that
the congress make adequate provision for
the appointment, compensation and ex
psenses of the. members to serve on this
joint boundary commission on the part of
the United States.”
A review of the Venezuelan case is given
and its amicable adjustment tlTrough the
efforts of this country, and the statement
made that the adjustment by arbitration
of this dispute has materially helped the
cause of International arbitration. He says
our relations with Turkey are friendly,
and claims against that government are in
process of adjustment, lie calls attention
to the signing of a new commercial treaty
w-ith China on Octobers which should give
to otlr commerce an impetus in that em
pire, though he says the full measure of
development cannot be looked for until the
) present abnormal conditions are settled.
He strongly advocates the extension of
the rural free delivery system as rapidly
as possible. He recommends government
assistance for the Louisiana Purchase and
Lewis and Clark expositions, and such leg
islation as will tend to the fuller develop
ment of Alaska, especially in regard to the
land laws.
Insular Possessions.
In connection with our insular posses
sions ho recommends an appropriation tor
the bunding ot iigtur.ousts »n xiawau and
tne payment for those a.rtauy ount oy
the is,and government. He asks that the
governor ot Jlawau be empowered to dis
charge ofticiUiS appointed by him without
submitting the matter to the legislature.
He reports steady progress being made
in both Porto Kico and the Philippines, and
asks tor the latter new tariit arrange
ments,
He believes that new laws are needed In
connection with the administration ot the*
public lands, and wants them lie.d, so tar
as i>ossibie, tor the homo builder. He re
ports steady progress being made in irri
gation in the w est under the irrigation law',
and does not believe new legislation along
this ime- is" needed now. He urges the con
tinuation of the work oi lorest preserva
tion, and the reservation of the public
lands lying about the headwaters of the
western streams.
He notes the increase in the number of
government employes under the civil serv
ice rules, and pronounces the results ad
vantageous to the government. In con
nection with the army he recommends the
procuring of suitable maneuver grounds In
different sections of the country, and some
provision that will enable the department
to recognize rm rlt in making promotions
where such are deserved. For the navy he
wants a naval base established in the Phil
ippines without unnecessary delay, and
recommends the establishment of a naval 1
general staff along lines similar to those
of the army.
The I Kt It 111 in II Canal.
More attention is given the Isthmian
canal and the Panama revolution than to
any other subject. The legislation leading
up to the present condition is discussed
and reviewed. He sees no necessity for
reverting to the Nicaraguan route, and
pronounces present conditions ripe for the
building of the Panama canal, and In this
connection says:
‘‘When the congress directed that we
should take the Panama route under treaty
with Colombia, the essence of the condi
tion of course, referred not to the govern
ment which controlled that route, but to
the route itsell; to the territory across
which the route lay. not to the namtrwhich
for the moment the territory bore on the
map. The purpose of the law was to au
thorize the president to make a treaty
with the power in actual control of the
isthmus, of Panama. This purpose has
been fulfilled.”
He reviews the relations of this govern
ment with Colombia relative to the mat
ter of transit across the isthmus lrom the
time of the signing of the treaty guaran
teeing right of way of transit across the
isthmus to the citizens of this country,
1846, down to the present time. For an in
terpretation of the meaning of the treaty
he quotes from the state papers of previous
government* officials, including Secretary
Cass and Secretary Seward. Says we are
under obligations to the world to build the
canal; notes the repudiation of the canal
treaty by Colombia and says:
"Nevertheless the government cf Colom
b'a not merely r pudiated the treaty, but
repudiated it in such manner as to make
it evident by the time the Colombian con
gress adjourned that not the scantiest hope
remained of ever getting a satisfactory
treaty from them. The government of
Colombia made the treaty, and yet when
the Colombian congress was called to rat
fy it the vote against ratification was
unanimous. It does not appear that the
government made any real effort to secure
ratitication.”
Tin* I’nnuma ilevolntlon.
He reviews the incidents of the i’anama
revolution, and says the action of the
United States was in accordance with the
terms of the treaty guaranteeing peace
able transit across the isthmus, and could
not have been otherwise. He reviews at
considerable length the disturbances that
have occurred in Panama since 1847, and
the efforts of the United States to preserve
the rights guaranteed its citizens by treaty
and says:
"In short, the experience of over half a
century has shown Colombia to be utterly
incapable of keeping order on the isthmus.
Only the active interference of the United
Stales has enabled her to preserve so much
as a semblance of sovereignty. Had it
not been for the exercise by the United
States of the police power in her Interest,
her connection with the isthmus would
have been sundered long ago. In 1856, in
I860, In 1873, in 1885, in IflOl, and again in
1!»02, sailors and marines from United
States warships were forced to land in or
der to patrol the isthmus, to protect life
and property, and to see that the transit
across the isthmus was kept open. In 1861,
in 1862, in 1885, and in lduti, the Colombian
government asked that the United States
government would land troops to protect
its Interests and maintain order on the
isthmus."
Considering the canal question in all its
phases, and the inability of Colombia to
maintain order on the isthmus, and its
repudiation of tlie canal treaty w hich w ould
have guaranteed permanent peace there,
the president says:
"Under such circumstances the govern
ment of the United States would have been
guilty of folly and weakness, amounting
in their sum to a crime against the nation,
had it acted otherwise than it did when
the revolution of November 3 last took
place In Panama. This great enterprise of
building the interoceanic canal cannot be
held up to gratify the whims, or out of
respect to the governmental impotence,
or to the even more sinister and evil polit
ical peculiarities, of people who, though
they dwell afar off, yet, against the wish
of the actual dwellers on the isthmus, as
sert an unreal supremacy over the terri
tory. The possession of a territory fraught
with such peculiar capacities as the Isth
mus In question carries with it obligations
to mankind. The course of events has
shown that this canal cannot be built by
private enterprise, or by any other nation
than our own; therefore it must be built
by the United States."
Tlir Xnv ( nnnl Treaty.
lie refers to the new canal treaty recent
ly made with Panama, which he submits
with the message, and says of It:
"By the provisions ot the treaty the
United States guarantees and will main
tain the independence of the republic of
Panama. There is granted to the United
States in perpetuity the use, occupation
and control ot a strip ten miles wide and
extending three nautical miles into ~te
sea at either terminal, with all lands lying
outside of the sne necessary for the con
struction ot the Canal or for its auxiliary
works, and with the islands in the bay of
Panama. The cities of Panama and Colon
are not embraced in the canal zone, but
the United States assumes their sanitation
and, in case of need, the maintenance of
order therein; the United States enjoys
within the granted limits all the rights,
power and authority which it would pos
sess were it the sovereign of the territory
to the exclusion of the exercise of sover
eign rights by the republic. Veil railway
and canal property rights belonging to
Panama and needed for the canal pass to
the United States, including any property
of the respective companies in the cities
of Panama and Colon; the works, property
and personnel of the canal and railways
are exempted from taxation as well in the
cities of Panama and Colon as in the canal
zone and its dependencies. Free immigra
tion of the personnel and importation of
supplies for me construction and operation
of the canal are granted. Provision is
made for the use of military force and the
building of fortifications by the United
States lor the protection of the transit.
In other details, particularly as to the ac
quisition of the Interests of the New Pan
ama Canal company and the Panama rail
way by the United States and the con
demnation of private property for the
uses of the canai, the stipulations of the
Hav-Herran treaty are closely followed,
while the compensation to be given for
these enlarg< d grants remains tne same,
being $10,000,000 payable on exchange ot
ratifications; and, beginning nine year*
from that date, an annual payment ol
$!U>U,uoo during the life ot the convention '
Littli Rock Conference Appointments.
Bishop Hoss, at the close of the
Little Rock conference of the M. 13.
Church, South, held at El Dorado,
announced the following appoint
mcnts:
Little Rock District—J. H. Dye
presiding elder; First Church, Walker
Lewis; Winfield Memorial, T. Y. Ram
sey ; Hunter Memorial, J. D. Ham
mons; Asbury, A. B. Few; Lonoke,
Horace Jewell; Benton, J. M. Work
man; Henderson Mission, F. E. Dod
son; Carlisle and DeVail’s Bluff, J.
W. Harrell; Hazen circuit, L. E. N.
Hundley; Austin circuit, W. W. Chris
tie; England, J. A. Henderson; Mabel
vale, W. H. Woodfin; Bryant circuit,
S. F. Brown; Oak Hill circuit, Hugh
Reverley; Des Arc, J. H. McKelvey;
Hickory Plains circuit, L. M. Powell;
Tomberlin, Maumclle circuit supply,
B. F. Martin; T. O. Rorie, orphanage
Little Rock; students in Vanderbilt
University, Forney Hutchinson and
A. E. Townsend; chaplain penitenti
ary, F. N. Brewer; president Galloway
college, C. C. Godden; editor Arkan
sas Methodist, J. E. Godbey; assist
ant editor, A. H. Godbey.
Pine Bluff District—E. M. Pipkin,
presiding elder; First Church, J. M.
Hawley; Lake Side, W. C. Watson;
Riverside, J. R. Dickerson; Altheimer,
S. W. Rainey; Swan Lake, C. W.
Drake; Stuttgart, L. B. Hawley; De
Witt, L. M. Daily; Roe circuit, M. O.
Barnett: St. Charles circuit, A. M.
Keeth; Gillett, J. D. May; Bayou Meto’
G. L. Galloway, supply; Sheridan cir
cuit, W. F. Lassiter; Rison circuit,
B. F. Scott; Kingsland circuit, R. A.
McClintock; Rowell circuit, David
Bolls; Star City circuit, C. C. Green;
Sulphur Springs circuit, J. M. Rogers,
supply; Douglass and Grady circuit,
W. J. Rogers; Sherrill circuit, E. L.
Beard; Redfield circuit, P. S. Herron,
Stuttgart; Hendrix Academy, C. M.
Acker.
Montfcello District — Cadesnian
Pope, presiding elder; Monticello, M.
B. Corrigan; Mt. Pleasant circuit, W.
C. Hilliard; Tillar circuit, E. F. Wil
son; Collins circuit, R. T. Davis; La
cey circuit, C. R. Shelton; Portland
and Wilmot, A. T. Galloway; Arkan
sas City and Dumas, W. C. Cannon;
Lake Village and Eudora, J. F. Town
send; Hamburg station. A. M. Robert
son; Hamburg circuit, C. L. Williams:
Parkdale, J. C. Hooks, supply; Pales
tine circuit, J. H. Bradford; Warren
station, W. P. Whaley; Jersey circuit.
J. A. Foster; Snyder circuit, M. P.
Timberlake, supply; Watson circuit
C. W. Warren; New Edinburg circuit.
S. C. Vinson, supply; C.tossett, A. M.
Shaw.
Camden District—J. H. Riggin, pre
siding elder; Atlanta circuit, J. Z.
Burleson; Bearden and Thornton cir
cuit, F. F. Harrell; Buena Vista cir
cuit; J. W. Vantrease; Camden sta
tion, W. F. Evans; El Dorado station,
J. A. Sage; El Dorado circuit, J. M. G.
Douglass; Fordyce, C. J. Greene;
Hampton circuit, F. R. Canfield;
Junction City station, H. D. McKin
non ; Lewisville and Stamps, J. L.
Cannon; Magnolia station, A. O.
Evans; Magnolia circuit, T. J. Rey
nolds, supply; Onal.uska and Eagle
Mills, J. It. Harvey; Smackover cir
cuit, M. J. Rogers; Stevens and Wal
do, J. H. Cummins; Walnut Hills, G.
W. Musgrave; Victoria, J. D. Dunn.
Texarkana District—B. A. Few. pre
siding elder; First church, James
Thomas; Fairview, J. R. Saunders;
DeQueen. W. A. Steele; Mena station,
F. P. Doak; Loekesburg circuit, S. C.
Dean; Richmond and Ashdown, W.
M. Crowson; Horatio circuit, A. D.
Jenkins; Texarkana circuit, -;
Umpire circuit, T. H. Crowder; Mt.
Ida circuit, W. F. Campbell; Bright
Star circuit, F. W. Harvey; Janssen
circuit. W. W. Mills; Cherry Hill cir
cuit. F. B. Williams; Wilton circuit,
A. C. Benson; Foreman and Arkinda,
J. R. Rushing; Mena circuit, A. R.
Bevans; Gillham circuit, J. H. Callo
way; supply, Roberts and Garland
City, H. L. Simpson.
Prescott District—T. II. Ware, pre
siding elder; Prescott, R. W. McKay;
Pike City and Antoine, S. K. Burnett;
Bengen circuit, L. J. Ridluegg; Chid
ester circuit, L. W. Evans; supply,
Center Point, J. A. Parker; Carolina
circuit, G. W. Logan; Deann circuit,
R. L. Reese; Emmett circuit, R. G.
Rowland; C. D. McWain, supply; Ful
ton circuit, E. S. McMillan; Gurdor.
circuit, H. M. Bruce; Hope §fcaticin, T,
J. Scott; Mineral Springs, £5. A. Hill;
Murfreesboro circuit, L. J. Johnston;
Nathan, W. J. Davis; Nashville, C. O.
Steele; Spring Hill circuit, B. A.
White; Washington circuit, J. F. Law
less; Delight circuit, W. A. Lewis,
supply.
Arkadelphla District—J. R Cason,
presiding elder; Arkadelphia station,
R. R. Moore; Clark circuit, D. D. War
lick; Social Hill circuit, J. D. White
side; Malvern station, T. O. Owen;
Princeton circuit, J- J. Mallard, Holly
Springs circuit, A. Turrentine; Dalark
circuit, J. W. Berry; Traskwood cir
cuit, J. F. Taylor; Central Avenue,
Hot Springs, Lewis Powell; Malvern
Avenue, Hot Springs, Win, Nelson:
3outh Hot Spriags, W. R. Harrison;
Park Avenue, /• L. Leonard; Hot
Springs circuit. H. M. Harris, supply;
Oma circuit, J L. McKinley, supply;
Okolona circuit# J- W. White; Amity
circuit, J. J. Colson; Lono circuit, J.
J. Menefee; V. P. Arkttiuaa Methodist
College, . 3. Hawking
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