made of various kinds of
find leather are of very an
(date. Ropes of palm have
found in Egypt in the tombs
jfni-Hassan (about 3000 11. C.),
>n the w alls of these tombs is
fshow’n the process of prepar
fiiemp, gavs the Philadelphia
|>rd.
ne Rible tells us that Samson
r/s bound with ropes and t hat 1 he
ies sent by Joshua into Jericho
Jre let down in a basket, pre
linably by means of a rope.
At -Nimrod. Assyria, a carved
[slab showing the siege of a castle
I'Was found, on w hich a soldier was
represented h, the net of cutting
a rope to which a bucket for draw
ing water from a well outside tin*
fastle w;ills was attached.
The wire rope is generally con
sidered a modern invention, a pro
duct of modern skill, and it will
surprise many to learn that its
manufacture is really a rediscov
ered lost art.
ftAMWAYS OF POMPEII
1 Cables of Wire Such as Are
pposed to Be of Modern
Invention.
I Although tin* Assyrians prae
1 ticed the art of wire beating, no
•evidence has been found to indi
i eate that they used wire for mak
ing rope.
Hie excavations at I’ompeii
liave, however, brought to light a
piece of bronze wire rope nearly
15 feet long and about one inch in
•circumference. This rope is now
in the museo Horbouico at Naples.
(It consists of three strands laid
•spirally together, each strand
being made up of 15 wires twisted
'together, and its t-ons tract ion does
not. therefore, differ greatly from
that of wire ropes made to-day.
Pompeii was buried A. I >. TO.
1.NL5) years ago, but how long wire
ropes had then been known it is
impossible to tell, though, judging
by the knowledge shown in the
- -construction, it max be safeiv con
cluded that they had been known
for a considerable time.
As to the use of rope tramways,
I it is said that they were in use as
•early as 1(144.
HEARSE NOT SEEN AT NIGHT
Undertakers Make it a Point to Have
the Vehicle in Before
Dark.
‘Nobody gives us fallows credit
for having a I si bump of sensi
►ti#-iiess.” s.i i ;:n undertaker,
to it New York Tin; s man.
| *'lrul the fact is. we go to a good
deal of trouble to safeguard tin*
feelings of the general public.
For one thing, we try never to
keep our hearses in the street
sifter dark.
“Of course, in the ease of after
l-iioon funerals and long di>tantes
we cannot avoid getting home
late, but. even so. we make it it
point to get under cover as soon
sis possible after nightfall. And
we do that absolutely out of con
ideration for the public. Hy nine
Ipeople out of ten the sight of a
hearse in the street at night is
aken as a sure sign of impending
lenth and disaster.
“Even in the daytime it hearse
s :i gloomy affair, but to run up
igainst One at night is pretty sure
0 give t he most jovisi 1 fid low alive
1 depressing turn. I know how it
s myself. Accustomed as I am to
mndling hearses, I don’t like to
»uinp into one unexpectedly sit a
ark corner.
“Most men in the business feel
he same way, therefore, we strive
o be considerate. That we sin
jeed remarkably well is apparent
> anybody who will take the
•ouble to count the hearses he
as seen out at night. These are
» few that I'll wager the most
>nfirmed gadabout cannot recall
ore than three or four of them.”
Paris Educates Pupe.
|A school for dogs is the latest
“velopment of the educational
ovement. It has been estab
fhed in Paris with the object of
Melting, not letters, but polite
ly The schoolroom is furnished
|th chairs, tables and rugs, to
te the necessary “l«cnl color”
the surroundings. The dog
pupils are trained to welcomo vis
itors by jumping up, wagging the
tail and giving a low hark. When
the visitor leaves the dog accom
panies him to the door and bows
bis farewell by bending his head
to the floor.—Philadelphia Press.
Big Texas Ranches.
In Texas there are ranches of
more than 1,000,000acres each.
WOMEN CLERKS IN GERMANY
In Spite of Conservatism There Has
Been Steady Progress Made
by the Sex.
Women have become an in
dispensable factor in tlietlerman
postal telegraph and telephone
service, it seems, in spite of the
conservatism which prevented the
utiliation of feminine activities in
public work in Germany until
nearly half a century later than in
France and England. Fnited
States Consul Monaghan, of < 'hem
nitz, in a recent communication to
the Fnited States department of
commerce and labor, reviews
briefly the conditions and require
ments which are of interest as
showing the progress of women in
the fatherland.
It is not every woman who can
obtain a position in the German
postal service, so strict are the
government regulations respect
ing age, character, education and
health. A government medical ex
aminer pronounces upon tji'1
health, which must be perfect; 1 he
age must not exceed do or be un
der is. and a good common school
education is a primary requisite.
Possessing all these qualifica
tions, llit* woman candidate iseli
gibh* only to a position as assist
ant in the post office, and the
highest salary she can hope for is
$110 a year. In the telegraph and
telephone service, however, all
grades of positions are ojien to
women, though tin* rules of ad
mission are equally strict, and no
women with children are em
ployed. Four t housand women ai t*
now engaged in the telephone
service of t Ik* German empire, if
is stated. 1,000 of them being in
Berlin. The hours are light, rang
ing from six to eight hours a day.
"The highest pay which a worn
an can draw in German telephone
offices is :sdo7, which is said to af
ford a comfortable living in tier
many, but it is a low wage com
pared to that to be obtained in
England, where experienced tele
phone clerks get SOoo and chief su
pervisors are paid as high as f2.
oO. In < Jennany, however, it must
be noted that women on their
withdrawal from active labor
after the prescribed number of
years of faithful work are award
ed a government pension on the
same plane w ith the men.
LONG-HORNED CATTLE GONE
Breed Once So Common in Texas Dis
placed by Stock of Greater
Value.
There was a time when tie*
“Texas steer" bred of cattle cov
ered the grazing grounds of the
southwest. They were the de
scendants of the long horned cat
tie which the early Spanish ex
plorers and adventurers brought
from their homes across the seas.
Hundreds of thousands of them
ranged the unfenced pastures,
rendering little more than a small
tribute of hide and tallow to the
Mexican or beef to the Indian.
Finally, the cowboy came into ex
istence, and these wild denizens
of tin* plains were dragged from
their high estate and became tin*
subjects of sordid commerce, says
the Kansas <'ity Journal.
These cattle were rough in up
pea ranee and usually brown, dun
and black in color, there being no
deep reds and roans. Their horns,
however, were their really distin
guishing features. These were
certainly immense, often from four
to five feet across from tip to tip.
They were naturally wild brutes.
Some of them could never be
rounded up, but had to Ik* shot in
order 1 lu»t the others might be
got under some kind of control.
There were in every herd a few
fighters which the cowboys called
“mogsheads.” They would light
viciously among themselves or
with tin* other cattle and would
frequently gore the horses of the
cowboys to death.
The longhorns have now practi
cally all disappeared. Their place
has been taken by graded and thor
oughbred cattle of a much larger
size and value.
The Virtue of Patience,
hillun," said Uncle Itastus,
dar s a gran' lesson to la* learned
f in de foolish cutworm. He gits
up early in de ino'nin’ air goes
fofli an cals de little sproutin
melon vine. Ef he had sense
enough to stay in bod a while
longer <Je vine'd perduee a melon
an he might eat sump'n watt
while. Patience. Chilian, am a
'great virtue."—Brooklyn Eagle.
SOME FACTS ABOUT INDIGO
\s Dye Producer the Plant Was for a
Time Supplanted by Petro
leum Product.
Modern science has so utilized
one of the products of the coal
fields as almost completely to put
an end to the trading in two arti
•les that once formed a very im
portant part of the commerce of
the United States. The best dye
for blue was, of course, furnished
by the indigo plant, and it is even
now ust*d for the very finest of fab
rics, but the chemists and scien
tists were able to procure from
tin* byproducts of petroleum an
aniline dye which for almost all
ordinary purposes has supplanted
indigo. The natural indigo dye
being pushed aside by the com
mercial dye, which is capable of
being chemically prepared, has
practically killed the growing of
the indigo plant. Science, how
ever, is bound to protect those
who are dependent upon it for a
livelihood, so that, when what
seems to have been the destruc
tion of one industry through sci
entitic discovery has been accom
plished, the chemists immediate
ly produce some new methods
that are of commercial advantage.
For instance, the native dyers
in the east have discovered that
when natural indigo and the com
mercially prepared dye are mixed
in equal proport ions, the result of
the mixture gives a more valuable
and a brighter dye than that which
is a Horded by the dye of t he plant,
so that, by reason of this discov
ery, what seemed to have been the
inevitable ruin of the indigo cul
ture has been averted. The dis
< every has grea t ly encouraged t he
growth of the indigo plant recent
ly and has saved that article in
commerce.
In noticing this recent discov
ery a writer upon scientific sub
jects has said that the advance of
science has never been shown in
a more typical fashion than when,
diving into the history of modern
chemistry, we discover that many
product s formerly regarded as be
ing capable of format ion by plants
and animals alone have been suc
cessfully made in the laboratory
of the chemists. The latter proc
ess is named in science ••synthet
ical chemistry.” The expression
practically implies that com
pounds are built up by the chem
ist artificially. Synthesis is thus
t In* opposite of analysis, t he latter
process being that of taking a
product chemically to pieces, by
way of ascertaining its new com
position.
Speed of Elevators.
Without swift and safe elevators
a modern office building of 15 or
-0 stories would be nearly as use
less for business purposes as the
Washington monument or the
pyramid of Cheops. Some rapid
elevators give nervous persons
the impression that they are mov
ing with the velocity of a railway
train. In truth, however, tin
highest practicable speed for a
way elevator is said bv a writer in
the Architectural liecord to be 45(1
feet per minute, and for an express
elevator GOO to 700 feet per min
nte. In a very tall building a
greater speed is possible than ii
one of less height.
The Journal one year $1.
Real Estate Bargains
For Sale By
CRAIG & HENDERSON
No. 1. 80 acres good land l nr from
Newark, on railroad; 40 acres cleared;
23 in cultivation; good bottom land
and a bargain.
No. 2. 80 acres good bottom land 4
miles N.-K. Newark; half subject to
overflow, balance above high water;
40 acres in cultivation. Fine land and
a bargain.
No. 3. Nice fi room residence with
block and half of ground, 2 blocks
I north of Newark public school build
ing. Good orchard, barn and excellent
well of water. A bargain.
No. 5. 140 acres good land I mi. N.
of Paroquet; 50 acres in cultivation;
3 good houses on farm with good
! pumps; 60 acres in pasture; excellent
cotton land and good timber on land
j not in cultivation. Can be bought for
j ten dollars an acre.
No. 6. Half interest in 250 acres
cane pasture land i mile from Jack
sonport; under fence; finest cane land
on White river; very cheap.
No. 7. 48 acres i mile from Paro
quet; 35 acres rich river bottom land;
15 acres above overflow: good timber.
A bargain.
.vi. «. 40 acres goon limber laud
miles from Newark; good bottom
land and well timbered.
0.9. 4 beautiful resedence lots,
1 block from depot; valuable property.
No 10. 40 acres good timber land
2 miles from Newark; would make tine
cotton laud.
No. 11. 2 acres of land and good
4 room house in Paroquet, all under
fence and well improved. Big bargain.
No. 12. Nice 5 room residence and
1 lots near Methodist church; one of
the most beautiful places in Newark.
Very cheap.
No. 14. <i’> acres i mile from New
ark; good creek bottom land, j in cul
tivation; 2 good never failing springs:
1 2-room log house with brickchimuay,
and one 2-room box house.
No. 15. 160 acres tine land in the
| famous Big Bottom country; makes a
bale of cotton and 75 to 100 bushels of
j corn to the acre. Fine farm and in
;a few years will be worth Hi thousand
dollars, but if taken at once can be
| bought for about half that amount.
No. 17. Two nice residence lots one
block north of public school building;
nicest residence property in town and
a bargain.
No. 18. 400 acres tine Big Bottom
farming land: 200 acres in cultivation;
4 houses on place; makes a bale of cot
ton to the acre. Well improved farm
and a genuine bargain if taken at once.
No. 21. 279 acre farm adjoining
Paroquet, 40 acres in cultivation, 20
acres in pasture; one 0-room frame
and one 2-room box house on place.
Good well, two pumps, three barns,
two good orchards of 5o bearing trees;
land nut in cultivation has good tim
ber.
No. 22. 75 acre creek bottom farm,
with 55 acres in cultivation; one 4
room and one 2-room house; two good
barns and other out buildings. Makes
half bale of cotton and 80 bushels corn
to the acre; two miles from Newark.
No. 21. 87 acre creek bottom farm,
two miles from Newark with 07 acres
in cultivation; two 2-room houses
with good chimneys; everlasting wai
ter; makes half bale cotton to the
acre.
No. 24. 2') acres hair mile north ot
Newark, 15 acres in cultivation; excel
lent location for truck or poultry farm.
No. 25. 11 acres half mile north of
town; good 5-room house, barn, orch
ard, good out buildings and two wells.
No. 2<s. 140 acre farm, 80 acres in
cultivation; good timber on land not
in cultivation; three 2-room houses,
ifood well and spring, 21 acre orchard.
Located * miles north of Newark. 1
mile from Black River Academy, mile
from church and in good neighborhood.
Small creek runs through the farm.
No. 27. One block beautiful resi
dence lots just north of school build
ing. Very desirable property and a
bargain.
no. 59. 40 acres timber land 6 miles
southwest of Oil Trough store, good
I white oak timber; Price $00,
no. 40 80 acres timber lahd on
Departee creek, half river bottom and
half upland; line tract of land and
I has good timber on it.
no. 41. 55 acres bottom land on
Black river adjoining railroad; very
high and seldom overflows; all in tim
her, fine piece of land and a bargain.
no. 45. 80 acres Big Bottom land
24 miles from Newark; 60 acres in cul
tivation, 5 acres in alfalfa; grows bale
of cotton to the acre.
no. 57. 2 acres nicest residence
property in north part of town; good
well and garden on place.
No. 28. 12 acres tine Hi# Bottom
land,mile and a half from Newark,all
in cultivation: makes bale of cotton
per acre.
No. 29. 1(5 acres half mile north of
Magness; .‘1 room house, good barn and
orchard.
no. 30. 529 acres tine bottom land;
mile river-front on Black river; 300
acres under fence; 200 acres tine cane
land; valuable white oak timber on
land.
No. 31. Block of nicest residence
property in Newark, near schoo
building.
No. 32. Block nice residence prop
erty in west side Newark, 1 block from
school building.
no. 42. 8 acres timbered land 3 mi.
north of Newark; good hill land and
nice location for small fruit farm.
no. 33. Block residence property in
north part of town; 80 bearing apple
trees on place; choice residence prop
erty.
no. .‘U. 40 acres timbered land in
Big Bottom, half mile east of Akron.
Very cheap.
No. 3.1. 99 acres 2 miles north of
Newark, 70 acres in cultivation, 2-sto
ry 5-room house, good outbuildings,
barns, 20 acre pasture and line young
orchard.
no. :iti. Nice 5-room residence 2
blocks from depot, very desirable lo
cation.
no. as. 4u acres timbered land on
Village creek, 2 miles from Newport;
fine land; valuable white oak timtter
on place.
uality guaranteed
H, J nsurpassed fit
bsolute satisfaction
I_ eacling styles
| nestimabie worth
”1” estifying values
% ear after year ^ brings cheer
To millions of homes afar and near.
Big and litfle folks sing the praise
Of ^3^ Shoes so wonderfully made
_BV
ST. LOUIS.
We sell Shoes.
Men and Women looking for their
Money's worth, buy them.
FRED. D. WHITING.
Brutally Tortured.
A ease ciune to light that for
persistent and unmerciful torture
has perhaps never been equaled.
Joe Golohick of Colusa, Calif,
writes : “For 15 years I endured
insufferable pain from rheuma
tism and nothing relieved me
though I tried everything known.
I came across Electric Bitters and
it's the greatest medicine of earth
for that trouble. A few bottles
of it completely relieved and cured
me.” Just as good tor liver and
kidney troubles and general de
bility. Only 50 cents. Satisfac
tion guaranteed by J. I. Sturdi
vant. Druggist.
-♦ -
Deeds of trust and legal blanks
for sale at The Journal office.