S3
TO PREVENT DETERIORATION EVERY FARM
I IMPLEMENT IS ENTITLED TO PROTECTiO
* *****. W;: |
The Broad Road That Leads to Poverty.
(Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
Probably you tlo not believe that
“the Pins of the fathers are visited
upon the sons, even to the third and
fourth generations."
You wouldn't believe, perhaps, that
h ving your plows and harrows in
fenee corners this winter without even
cr* using them may be a sign (bat
spells poverty instead of prosperity
fur your grandson, it may not. but—
well, listen to a story.
Two young men, brothers-in-law7,
took their wives, cows, horses, and
j>!< ws into a new land in 1840. As
pioneer farmers, they began with
eonal opportunities. Sixty-seven years
niter ihe writer had occasion to go
over the two farms. The grandsons of
the pioneers were operating them. One
f irm was a good one and the men who
operated it, while not rich, were com
fortable and contented. The other was
a run-down, poor farm and its owners
w. re constantly hard put to make ends
meet.
The original owner of the run-down
fans had been dead a great many years,
but the man who pioneered on the
prosperous farm was alive. 93 years
old. physically active, mentally sharp
a briar. The Writer, nr. ble to see
why there should be so much dlffer
i nee between two farms that were
equally fertile to begin with. us!;i*d
tlie old man how it come about.
Jimmie Was Careless.
"1 don't know—well, I reckon 1 do
too," tie began. “Jimmie was a good
man, but he was mighty careless
When he finished laying by his corn,
he left his plow in the furrow and
hung his gear on tlie beam or leaned
tin tn against a stump. When lie start
ed plowing tin* next spring, he had to
d;g his collar and hames out of the
dirt, all muddy and rotten, and his
plow was rusty and wouldn’t scour.”
Now, of course, this old gentleman
was wrong in thinking that lack <,f
shelter for his implements was the
■ ause of his brother's failure, but he
bad pointed out an effect that was
indicative of the cause, just as hi;
own well-kept Implement sheds were
indicative of tin* cause of his own
access. The brother’s rust-pitted mold
board merely went to show that he
v.-i a poor farmer till around.
The United States department of
a rrlctilture corroborates the t< stlmor.y
of the old gentleman in its general
■['plication. Good farmers, says tin
pertinent, take care of their Itnple
lent . They may not always find it
convenient or profitable to build ex
per,-ave sheds for their tools, hut they
ill manage to protect them from
• : dure in one w ay or another.
Plow Is Neglected.
In this <lay of complicated machin
ery most fanners probably give little
'I. j.'ht to the can of so simple an
hut lenient as a plow. But, says the
department, more effort lias been ex
pended in the slow process of develop
ing this seemingly simple (<><>1 than
in that of any other implement en tin
farm, [t is the hasle tillage tool, the
f indumenta! farm implement, it Is
richly entitled to In* properly eared
f -r when not In use.
When laid by, say the Implement
exports. ih<* plow should, if possible,
be stored in a dry place, away from
Contact with the ground. In any ease
the bright parts should always In*
coaled with grease to prevent rust,
ttfloe the mold board and share have
became pitted with rust, an effleien*
,1<>h of plowing cannot lx* done until
the corroded parts again have ac
•l’llred a polish by use.
The department of agriculture, .of
'•nurse, does not stop with the plow
in its admonition in this regard. Har
rows .,]s0 relatively simple but tre
'■'endously important implements, are,
next to plows, most generally neglect
ed. Many fanners who would not neg
lect an expensive harvesting machine,
say tin* experts, are careless as to
barrows and other implements of tin
type. But these, also, represent capital
Invested and a larger return is pos
sihlo jf they are properly eared foi
at the end of the season.
Support Harrow’s Teeth.
If harrows are stored under n shed
*he teeth should be supported by
knocks and boards so that they wl.i
not become embedded in the ground. AH
accumulations of earth and trash
should be removed. This is especially
applicable to wooden frame harqows.
The earthly accumulations retain mois
ture and accelerate decay. When the
wooden parts have dried out sufficient
ly, they should he painted to prevent
cason checking and splitting. As the
harrow works in wet earth and close
to the ground, deterioration is rapid
once cheeking has started.
If the disk harrow is stored in a
shed or other lloorless building, the
disk gangs should he run upon boards
so the disks will not become embedded
in the ground. Whether housed or not,
the Implement should he carefully
cleaned of all accumulations of soil
and the disks should he greased with
a heavy grease to prevent ust. The
paint, particularly on the wooden
parts, should he renewed frequently.
Care of Mowers.
Mowers, more generally than plows
an 1 harrows, are put under shelter,
but many of them spend the winter
at the edge of the meadow where the
las t cutting of hay was made, and in
must cases they are not properly
greased even when sheltered. Get the
m.i'wer under shelter, if possible. In
air case, clean the knife liar, wipe it
with a greasy rag. and store in a dry
plaf e. Place a block of wood or other
sin port under the mid-point of the
to: _'iie. so that it will not acquire a
permanent sag. If the mower is stored
! with the cutter bar in a vertical posl
ti< n, place a block of wood under the
•la e to take the weight off the frame.
\i; accumulations of vegetable matter
ami dirt should be removed and all
boa rings and other bright parts of the
hi:, bine oiled or greased. Much the
si ic rules apply to reapers and
bln iers.
The time to care for each implement
Is when its work Is finished. Pressure
of other work, however, frequently
makes this inconvenient, but nothing
sh >uld be allowed to interfere with
gc.iing all machinery greased, and.
if possible, under cover before the
beginning of winter. Then, as early
in the winter as you ran find time for
it, go over every piece and see wlial
repairs are needed. If new parts have
to be ordered, order them at once. A
great deal of valuable time is lost
overy spring waiting for repair parts
to arrive from the city.
Cost of Machine Shed.
It should he borne in mind that the
, *'■ not
ne ssarilv entail the expense of build
in : costly Implement sheds, l’he over
Ii, .ji] cost of such structure often far
eeeds any possible depreciation of im
plements through exposure to the
weather. Put such housing space as is
available, ami grease and paint should
ho used without stint. Any farm im
plement. with hearings and bright
parts well protected with heavy grease,
is better off out in the weather than
standing in a shed without protection
grease or oil.
'he United States department of
(culture has two bulletins---I’ann
1 Pulletln 946 and Farmers’ bulletin
_devoted to the repair and adjust
lit of farm Implements. Willi all
dements safely sheltered for the
ltor, you have time to write for
so bulletins and to use the infornm
, they contain in putting 'our 'm'
ments and machines in the best pos
le condition for next crop season.
I
Evorv short cut in one’s work that
lessens man or team labor is a direct
maker of l'foiits.
* * *
The best time to sow
i hi i lie early spring, any
{ nary to May.
sweet clover is
time from Jan
!
Almost e
cultivate u
harvest.
very (fanner can plant and
larger acreage than he can
* * *
Rainy
put the
sou son.
(luys are excellent times to
tractor In shape for the next
typical Englishman of Serious Mind
Wants Friendship of United States
Lynn Harold Hough, President of Northwestern University
The typical Englishman of serious and informed
mind believes very profoundly in Anglo-American
friendship. Many men. such as Mr. Fislur, the presi
dent of the English board of education, have been
ready to express their belief that it is the hope of the
world.
There is widespread anxiety about the economic
situation. With a great debt to America and the balance
of trade the wrong way, many Englishmen arc very
grave as they speak of the outcome. In England, with
a population of more than 10,000,000, there is the pos
sibility of producing food for something like 10,000,000. The rest of the
food must, m the long run, come from exchange for English products
which otln r countries desire. And a wrong balance cf trade in this situa
tion is a serious matter.
Some men with a dash of adventure in their estimate of the situation
take the view that the dangers are overestimated and that England will
quickly recuperate.
It is probable that a matter about which little has been said will in
fluence tin* actual outcome. England ha - had a long and successful experi
ence in international hanking, and before even resourceful Americans
learn the psychological trick of it Britain will probably be competing
with America on more even terms. And this is to the advantage of
America.
Xo business man able to look into the future would want to break
down England's fundamental economic strength, even if such a thing were
possible.
Physical and Mental Condition of Our
Soldiers Was the Deciding Factor
By LIEUT. COL. T. L. HUSTON
War as a genera! proposition is all that Genera! Sherman said it was,
but like everything else in this world it has a better side. And thfi. brighter
side in the recent world-wide conflict was the general boom in all forms of
athletics for which it was responsible and which in the years to come, par
ticularly in America and the nations allied with her, will insure a man
hood more fit physically and mentally to carry on with the world’s work
than ever before.
There is no question that the physical and mental condition of the
American troops was the deciding factor in the war and that our boys
were able to throw into the balance the fighting power which broke the
deadlock, sent the Kuns reeling back and ultimately brought about their
complete defeat. And the reason that the Americans, many of them but
hastily trained troops, were able to make such a splendid showing was
because of their athletic bringing up—their physical fitness, their ability
to think quickly and to act individually in emergencies. And these quali
ties they acquired on the hall lots, the gridiron and otheg fields where
brain, muscle and brawn were put to the test.
In a way. before we went “over there” we realized what American
sport.', particularly baseball, had done for the youth of the United States.
Today we appreciate fully that- it supplied most of our fighters with the
physical asset which enabled them to do those things which caused the
German military machine to gasp in amazement from the outset. The
American army heads and the directors of V. M. C. A. and other agencies
which operated for the welfare of the men in the camps here and abroad
thoroughly appreciated the value of outdoor games, boxing and general
athletic stunts, and from the moment the men began their military train
ing athletics was made a part of the regular routine.
More Foreign Trade, More Horne-Owned
Ships, Better-Run Home Industry
By A. L. FERGUSOX, U. S. Chamber of Commerce
Europe is clamoring for America's aid in her rehabilitation, and until
her demands are satisfied wo cannot look for lower prices in this country.
We—the chamber—are now going after foreign trade in earnest. We have
appointed a special merchant marine committee to see to it that German
liners are run to Davy Jones’ looker and that the Stars and Stripes wave
from the masts of the world’s merchant marine—likewise we are concern
ing ourselves in the readjustment of public utilities—the street car, the
electric light situation and the railroads.
We are going to entertain the representatives of England, Belgium,
France and Italy here, and foreign trade questions will be thrashed out
with them. We want to see an American fleet on every side. Why, the
Pacific today is merely a Japanese lake! And as for the Atlantic, look
at the Georg-1 Washington, the Martha Washington, the President Grant,
the President Lincoln, all' German ships, so German that you’ve got to
have an interpreter to get a stateroom.
That is the. situation that the national chamber*of commerce is out
to rectify—we want more foreign trade, more homo-owned ships, better
run home industries.
There must bo a feeling of ’motherhood between America and Great
Britain; among all the allies. Commercial leaders of England must come
nere and our big business men must go there. In that way an understand
ing will be reached that will mean much for both nations. Peace has
brought its great problems of readjustment, and the situation must be met
by the nations tor the good of the nations.
Representative Martin Dies of Texas—I wish the fanners of this
i country and the taxpayers of our land might have a return of the old
j Democratic and Republican theory that government is not created to sup
I port the people, but that it is a creature to be supported by the people.
: We are leading them to believe that the government can support them and
lift them by their boot straps out of their financial difficulties when, as
honest men, we should say to them that all that the government can do
is to protect their life and their liberty and tax them to support the gov
ernment
NEW DEPARTURES
IN THE TROUSSEAUX
Tlie little eoiniinny of fine fabrics
for underthings which women usually
consider when the trousseau must be
planned include batiste, nainsook,
wash silk, satin and crepe-de-chine.
But crepe georgette had only to knock
at the door and it was admitted to
this charming company; the sheerest
anil daintiest, but the least practical
member of i;. However, it is there i
among the others and destined to stay,
for in spite of its delicacy it is not
fragile. This is one of tlie new de
partures in the styles for underthings.
Another is the use of colors Instead of
white in materials and printed as well
as plain patterns.
For the purpose of decorating, lin- '
gerie laces ribbons and needle work of
various kinds have not found any ri
vals. I.ittle chiffon roses find a place
on the sheerest garments and narrow
ribbons are used in frills and shir
rings on them. But these are for lux
urious and little-used garments. On
those that are more dependable,
rosettes and hows that can he pinned
on and ribbons that can he easily
taken out or put In, with the usual
lingerie laces and stitchery, are used.
Not all undergarments arc frilly and
lacy there arc many very plain
things, simplp and tailored, that con
tent themselves with hem-stitching and
perhaps a single print little bow for
decoration.
I»nt not to this class belong the
(light dress and envelope chemise
shown in the picture. Batiste and all
the silks available for undergarments
are to be had in printed designs sim
ilar to that used for these two pretty
garments that are the glory of the
trousseau. Here they tire made of
(lowered wash silk, with frills of lace
about the neck and sleeve openings
and frills of ribbon about the bottom.
Pretty bow knots made of shirred ril»
bon, having chiffon roses set in them,
are set on the front of both the night
dress and the chemise. Light [link is
the favorite color for undergarments
; but other colors are used. The sheer
I est fabrics arc not often chosen in
white, but cottons and silks that are
to be often laundered are better in
, white than In colors. Batiste in light
pink stands tubbing well and has
made an important place* for Itself in
! American made* lingerie.
Silk anil cotton, chamois nr wash
able kill gloves, arc preferred f W
gloves that must he often c leaned, and
they are the inly practical kinds for
i business women, or others who must
wear them every day. Chamoisette—
doth that looks like1 chamois skin—
Is made in all tin- glove* colors and
white, and it is the most satisfactory
material for everyday wear, tlloves
made of it should he washed in luke
warm water with a bland soap, rinsed
and hung up to dry. If stitched with
black it is better to wasli in cold wa
ter; squeeze as dry as possible in a
soft towel and dry quickly to keep the
black from running. Pieces of turk
ish towel stuffed into gloves of this
kind wid help to prevent the color
from spreading while* they are drying,
and also prevent drying in streuks,
which sometimes happens when the
gloves are hung up to dry without
this precaution. With glovt-s as with
stockings, it is hest to have several
pairs* and wear them in rotation, wash
ing them when soiled. Three pairs
will insure -lean gloves for a week,
even in the smoke-laden air of cities.
Cotton and silk gloves may be very
successfully darned, using a glove
darner in tin* fingers. Double linger
lips in silk gloves* are worth tin* extra
price they bring, for it is more diffi
cult to darn silk gloves titan cotton
ones.
How to Care for Kid Gloves.
There are right and wrong ways of
putting on gloves. The right way
does not injure them; the wrong way
weakens and tears the skin or fabric
in u very short time. Black kid gloves
should be kept in paraffin or oiled
paper. A black glove is a white skin
painted. This paint will harden and
dry if not properly cared for. All
gloves should ho kept away from salt
or damp air as much as possible.
They should he kept dry, but away
from heat. Time and great care
should bo taken in putting them on
the first time, so that the seams may
not he stretched.
After »1k> gloves have been cleaned
with petrol or benzine, and they are
tpiile dry. place them on the hand and
stroke firmly with a bone saltspoou.
beginning at the linger tips and work
ing down to the wrist. This smooths
and polishes the kid. and the gloves
keep clean much longer.
Use cotton thread for mending kid
gloves, ae silk thread will cut the kid.
Do not use the over stitch, as it al
ways shows so plainly. Take a stitch
on one side of the seam and then a
stitch on the opposite side, and draw
them together, 'l'his keeps the regu
lar seam intact and conceals the fact
that the glove is mended.
To Keep Evening Gloves Clean.
To keep evening gloves clean in a
street car or train draw a pair of
loose white silk or lisle gloves over
i the kid. The outer gloves may he
j easily drawn off and slipped into
. muff or pocket.
(hit off the hand part o? long gloves,
i The arm part is perfectly good. Take
it to a glove factory, and have a short
! pair of gloves, that match in color,
! sewed on the arm part, or you can do
it yourself, using a feather or em
broidery stitch.
Cleaning Kid Gloves.
Mending the Gloves.
Long Gloves, Cut Off.