LIU
IN WANT
S1ARIE FVFRTON WOODRUFF cf^D
.1 I 1 I ' l .
T WASHINGTON last win
ter was presented the spec
tacle of an aged and bro
ken queen, with the blood
of many monarchs cours
ing through her veins, and
once accustomed to the
worshipful homage of hun
dreds of thousands of her
fellow-countrymen, com
ing in suppliant appeal to
this nation and seeking
reparation in a measure
for the taking away of her crown and
for her reduction from the rank of
the world s richest woman to penury.
I.iliuokalani, once queen of the Ha
waiian islands, asked congress that
she be given a sum of money that will
suffice for her declining years.
A woman of 70 years, weighed down
with many sorrows, the remnant of a
royal family that has almost disap
peared, she is a link between the old
forms of the world and the modern.
The conditions of life that knew her
kind are rapidly passing from even
the distant Pacific. Her kingdom,
where the motion of a monarch's fin
ger in her youth meant life or death,
has become a commercialized terri
tory of the United States. Her con
sort, is dead, she is childless and poor.
Queen Liliuokalani recently told her
story to a Boston newspaper man in
this manner:
“Sitting back of the city of Honolu
lu and watching over it like a grim
guardian is a huge mountain that takes
lrom the form of its extinct crater
the name of the ‘Punch Bowl.’ At the
foot of this mountain in one of the
spacious grass houses that made the
abodes of the old-time chiefs, I was
born in 1838.
My father was of the direct branch
of the royal family, though not at that
time in the line of succession. His
grandfather had founded the long line
of the Kamehameha kings, and his
aunt, the celebrated Queen Kapiolani.
had plucked the sacred berries from
the sides of the volcano, had descend
ed to the boiling lava and thrown them
into the molten mass, thereby forever
breaking the power of the fire god
dess, destroying at a stroke the old
pagan beliefs and opening the way t'ot
her people to accept Christianity.
“My direct parents had liitle to do
with my career after bringing me in
to the world, for I was immediately
adopted into the family of another
high chief in accordance with ancient
custom and was brought up there.
This was the custom in the olden days
in Hawaii, for it was held as a great
means of promoting peace and the
best of feeling among the tribes that
their children should be exchanged.
“So I grew up on the knee of my
foster father, Paki, knowing little of
my real parents, and played with my
foster sister, Bernice, who was after
ward Mrs. Charles R. Bishop.
“When I was of sufficient age I was
sent to the royal school maintained
especially for members of the fami
lies that were of regal blood. This
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and musicas was his young
er brother, the prince re
gent, and in the years that
followed there was great ac
tivity in Honolulu in social
and musical circles.
"In this connection I may
claim some credit, for the
songs of the people up to
tilts time had merely been
folk songs made popular by
the very singing of them.
It fell to my lot to reduce
many of these to writing,
and they have since gone
around the world and will
be handed down to the gen
's'
where I spent ihe whole of my married life,
but not to seclusion and peace. I was dragged
from my retirement under arrest and taken to
the palace in which as a member of the royal
family 1 had always felt a proprietorship. In
the very room which had been the throne room
while I was queen 1 was tried before a pro
visional court upon a charge of treason and
sentenced to a fine o! $.‘>.000 and imprisonment
lor eight years. I was actually made to serve
a part of this term in a bare cell in the castle,
arid was released only after 1 had been forced
to sign a release of all my rights under threats
of executing me and a score of my loyal friends
if I refused.
"It is at this point that the matter of my
present visit to Washington comes in. for it
was then and there that I lost all my
lands. Long before, in the days of
Kamehameha 111., all the lands of the
islands had been divided into three
parts. One part went to the chiefs
and the people, another part became
general public lands and a third part
became a trust fund or property for
the personal benefit and use of the
monarch and his successors to the
throne.
“At the time I was overthrown
through the influence of the I'nited
States government, 1 was enjoying
the benefits of these lands. It is true
that 1 had lost many of the powers
of the old sovereigns, but I had not
lost the financial benefits that accrued
to them. These vast estates of crown
lands were mine and the income from
them was mine. The area of this es
mie was (luring my incuniueuc.> auuui
1,000,000 acres. The income from it
amounted to $G5,000 a year, which
was mine in addition to the $20,000 a
year that I had as an allowance for
the support of my household.
“These lands are to-day worth $12,
000.000 and are the property of the
United States 'government. One trae..
ncia u) cut American ana ms w lie
whose names were Cooke, and the education
'hey gave us was not largely different from
that which might have been obtained in Amer
ica, and all the school sessions were conducted
entirely In English, so that at that time I as
well as the rest of the royal children learned
to speak the tongue we now have adopted.
' From this it will be seen that people from
the outside world were already getting some
thing of a hold upon the far Pacific islands.
Missionaries had introduced the Christian re
ligion long before, and it had been quite gen
erally adopted. The warm-hearted people of
the islands had welcomed the foreigner with
open arms, had extended to him bountiful hos
pitality, and had offered to him the plenty of
the islands, for there was always an easy
abundance for all. These outsiders had dropped
in from all the maritime nations of Europe,
from America, and from the far east. They
had tarried awhile and had come to so love
the sun-bathed islands that they had never
cared to leave them.
"One event in the long years at the boarding
school was coupled with my after life find
stands out above everything else. A high
board fence divided the royal school from a
school for boys, right next door, and while we
were all playing our Hawaiian games one
day in our shaded yard, a lusty lad some years
older than 1 and not of native blood climbed
upon the fence and looked over and smiled
direct down into my eyes, and I was greatly
embarrassed—and impressed. This same boy
1 came to know afterward as John O. Dominis.
“When T had grown into womanhood I went
to live with my sister, Bernice, then Mrs.
Bishop, and at once there commenced days of
joy and pleasure that were without end. The
young people of the royal family were informal
and accessible at that time and their enter
tainments were based upon nothing other than
pure pleasure. We had our own circle of in
timates and these were always arranging festi
vals, excursions, dances, musicals and all man
ner of entertainment. The Americans and Eu
ropeans, as strangers within the gates, were
often included in these and became the inti
mates of the royal family. Even in my girlhood
the outside influence was strongly felt on the
manner of entertainment.
"But not so In the homes of the native
chiefs, to whose hospitable plantations in the
interior excursions were
frequently made. To these
we went on horseback or
by. boat. There wasalways
the welcome to remain
weeks or months and the
throwing open of all his
possessions by the chief.
His retainers would drag
us about the country in
the old carts of the plan
tations and often we were
mired in a stream and
had to be taken off by
horsemen.
“The king himself.
It'ontcihoimjlvi ITT
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these excursions, and it was on one such that
in a fit of passion he shot and killed his sec
retary, a Mr. Neilson. The power of the kings
in those days is shown by the fact that his act
was never questioned. Not much happened in
my youth to mar the beautiful conception I
had of life and this event made a profound and
sad impression on my mind.
"It was in these days also that my lover.
Mr. Dominis, pressed his suit and after many
difficulties our marriage was at last celebrated.
"It was after one of these trips when the
sorrow of parting with the friends who had
been with us in our pleasures weighed heavily
upon me, that I wrote the words and music of
the song ‘Aloha oe,’ which is the native Ha
waiian for Love to you.’ The song was in
tended as a farewell and after I sang it once
to some of my intimates and they obtained
the score it gained popularity, and to-day is
played at the departing of every ship from
the harbor and accompanied by the Hawaiian
custom of the decking of the departing friends
with garlands of flowers.
“In 1S74 the throne became vacant with the
death of Kamehameha V., that direct line hav
ing no heir. In such emergencies it w-as the
custom that the legislative branch of the gov
ernment choose a successor by a direct vote of
^ts members. Only the eligibles of the royal
family, who had equal or nearly equal claim
upon the throne, were considered possibilities
in these emergencies.
“In this case my brother, Kalakaua, was
chosen to be king. He had long been an active
man in the government and had a wide person
al popularity. He was very fond of society
ri auuiio i iu;i ai i iu v v;iuc as a i * pc ui imioiv
peculiar to these islands.
"The Influence of the foreign element had
long been felt in the islands, and it increased
during my brother's reign. One after another
Americans had been taken into the cabinet as
advisers and these were usually men of abil
ity, but in the end their own selfish ambitions
overtopped their idea of duty and gratitude
to the king and they gave over his interests
for their own.
"The missionary party grew into a powerful
organization ihat kept forcing itself forward
until in the end it had practical control of the
government. It finally forced niton the king
and the Hawaiian people a constitution that
was favorable to its own interests and under
this constitution the king had virtually no
power, but was forced to sign whatever meas
ures the cabinet brought to him. It was known
as the bayonet constitution’ because of the
absolute foiling of it upon the king.
"It was this nominal rulership that 1 succeed
ed to at the death of my brother, which event
occurred in 1891 and which was the result of a
broken heart. Although I succeeded in ridding
myself of the old cabinet and getting a new
one after my accession I was newer able to gain
absolute control of the government because of
the limiting constitution and the activity of the
missionary party. Then finally came my be
trayal at the hands of Minister Stephens of the
United States and my final overthrow. I can
never come to see any excuse for the un
kind treatment to which 1 was subjected by
Minister Stephens, the accredited representa
tive of a friendly power.
‘‘I retired to my home at Washington place,
aujuiuiug U1IC IIUUUIUJU 1UU UU1 1& ULtlipiCU
by the naval station, including coaling
stations and wharves. Another is the site
of Camp Shafter, a permanent military
post, and a third is occupied by the post
of Waianae-uk on the island of Oahu.
"The armed forces of this government made
the overthrowing of my government ‘possible
and deprived me of these lands.
“My relinquishment of authority stated that
"I yield to the superior force of the United
States of America,’ and not to the forces of
revolutionists; and ‘now to avoid any collision
of armed forces and perhaps the loss of life,
I do. under this protest and impelled by said '
force, yield my authority until such time as the
government of the United States shall undo
the action of its representatives, and reinstate
me in the authority which I claim as the con
stitutional sovereign of the Hawaiian islands.’
This I did in 1893, when I was induced to sur
render my authority in order to avert blood
shed. That action was represented to me as
a proper temporary step.
“I am now reconciled to the change of gov
ernment in Hawaii, but I am too loyal to the
United States to be willing to be the occasion
of reproach to this great nation when future
historians shall tell how the government was
enriched by accepting, without compensation,
land it had assisted in taking from a weaker
sovereign. Hawaii has cost this nation noth
ing; but besides adding valuable lands to this
nation by its acquisition, it has been a source
of cash revenue amounting to dver $10,000,000.
“I do not want to end my days knowing that
my Hawaiian people will always feel that this
nation respects only the right of armed fore#,’’
BATTLE WITH INDIANS.
Crazy Snake and Negro Allies Bat
tling With Oklahoma Deputies
and Militia.
Oklahoma City.—Daybreak Sunday
morning saw a renewal in the vicin
ity of Hickory Ground, Okla., of Sat
urday’s fight with the followers of
“Crazy Snake,” or Chitti Harjo, the
Creek chief, when two deputy sher
iffs were killed, another wounded and
several Indians are believed to have
been shot. The day opened with de
sultory firing between 200 special of
ficers and nearly as many Indians.
Several Indians are reported wound
ed. State militia and armed officers
and citizens moved all day Sunday
toward the scene. One posse captur
ed the 22-year-old son of Crazy Snake
and compelled him to give the names
of all Indians who were in his fath
er’s house Saturday night when Mar
shal Edward Baum and Deputy Sher
iff Herman Odom were killed.
A dispatch from Stidman says that
a second engagement between officers
and Indians occurred near there at 'J
o'clock Sunday morning. In this 50
shots were exchanged and several In
dians wounded. Both the Indian^
and the negroes, many of the latter
being allied with the Creeks, took
their wounded into the hills. This
made it impossible to learn definitely
what the casualties wrere.
Deputies moved on the house of
Crazy Snake with the object of at
tacking. They found it deserted, but
removed the bodies of Baum and
Odom, who had been killed in tho
early fight. The bodies were taken
to Eufalia. There was evidence that.
Crazy Snake and the members of his
family had left hurriedly in the night.
The deputies captured a number of
the chief’s horses and a large quan
tity of ammunition.
Five partially formed companies of
state militia, ordered out by Gover
nor Haskell, started for the scene
early Sunday. They were in com
mand of Col. Roy Hoffman of Chand
ler. More than 125 men compose the
body and they have 60 rounds of am
munition. The companies from Okla
homa City, Chandler and Shawnee
met in Oklahoma City and went by
special train to Henrietta. There they
met the companies from Durant and
Muskogee.
Six men have been killed and a
dozen wounded since the trouble be
gan Thursday. This is the official
report and it is generally believed
many more of the negroes and Indians
are killed. Dr. M. Wallace of Huston,
Okla., who went to the Hickory hills
with the troops, declared more than
20 negroes were killed Thursday and
Saturday and were buried without
coffins in the vicinity where the sol
diers camped.
A desperate and decisive battle is
expected to have been fought by this
time and details are anxiously await
ed. Crazy Snake and his negro asso
ciates are apt to have been wiped out.
KEARSARGE GOES TO BOTTOM.
Twenty Lose Lives When Sloop Sinks
in Carribean.
New Orleans.—A report from Blue
fields, Nicaragua, gives the details of
the loss of the sloop Kearsarge on
the night of March 13, between Mon
key Point and Greytown, Nicaragua.
The report states that 20 people
perished when the boat went down.
The captain, cook, two sailors and
five passengers succeeded in reaching
the shore in a small boat.
The following is a list of passen
gers reported lost: Mrs. Sofia Carter,
Airs. Glida Hodgson, Airs. A. Cassano
va and daughter; Airs. Ersie Garo and
four children, Filimenia Blandford,
Alverda Howard and daughter. Airs.
Newball and three children, Airs. Te
resa Cassanova, all residing in Nica
ragua* and two Colombians whose
names are not known.
The Kearsarge was a small boat of
about 25 tons. It went to Bluefields
from St. Andrew's Island with a car
go of cocoanuts and took on 25 pas
sengers at Bluefields. it is stated,
bound for Bocas del Toro, Colon, and
Jamaica.
RECORDS ARE SMASHED.
Special Train Travels 900 Miles in
914 Minutes.
cflK ado.c..ito hrdlu rdlu dlu dlu uut
Chicago.—Frank L. Vanderlip, pres
ident of the National City Bank of.
New York, broke all American rail
road records, according to statements
made by New York Central officials,
in an effort to reach the bedside or
his dying mother here, but he lost
the race with death by exactly 28
minutes. Mr. Vanderlip in a special
train covered the distance from New
York to Englewood, a suburb of this
city, in 15 hours and five minutes
and when he leaped from the train
he was met with the announcement
that bis mother, Mrs. Charlotte E.
Vanderlip, had died at 2:30. The
strain of the past day almost caused
the banker to collapse. The special
trains of Mr. Vanderlip traveled 900
miles in 914 minutes.
To Improve Child Labor.
New Orleans.—In furtherance of
what is believed will be one of the
most important movements ever
launched for the improvement of child
labor conditions in the South, official
representatives from 11 Southern
states will meet in New Orleans this
week for a conference to extend over
a period of three days. The states to
be represented are Arkansas, Okla
homa, Missouri, Tennessee, Mississip
pi. Georgia, Florida, South Carolina,
North Carolina, Virginia and Ix>uis
iana.