.—
|: vY SHIPPERS FREQUENTLY MEET
WITH LOSS IN EARLY SHIPMENTS
Tight Baling and Close Packing of Hay Cause Heating.
;Prr|..ar»d by ihe United States Department
of Agriculture.)
Every year when new liny* begins to
be marketed, reports from several cen
tral western hay markets show' that
much of tlie new hay arriving is hot
and out of condition, and must be sold
at a heavy discount under the price
quoted for No. l hay. There are a
number of causes, but the bureau of
markets and crop estimates of the
United States Department of Agricul
ture believes the principal one is that
the hay is baled and shipped before
It has cured sufficiently and while It
contains too much moisture.
Baling Newly Cut Hay Is Risky.
It is the custom in some sections to
bnle the buy from the windrow or
cock In order to avoid the expense of
stacking 01 putting in the mow. It
Is almost always true that the first
new hay si ipped to the various mark
ets is baled in this way. In most of
the timothy-producing sections weather
conditions are such that It is not safe
to allow the hay to remain long in
either the windrow or cock, if the
best quality of hay is to be obtained.
Local showers or heavy dews, followed
by a hot sun, will soon cause it to
bleach and deteriorate. It is, there
fore, tlie practice to bale just as soon
as. In the Judgment of the producer
or shipper, the hav can be safely
shipped. Tliis is frequently entirely
too soon for tlie conditions under which
It Is marketed.
The movement of hay from a dry
to a humid section, or from a cool to
a wanner one. increases the proba
bility of heating. Tight baling and
close packing in the cars are con
tributing causes, and apply to alfalfa
and prairie hay as well as to timothy.
Higher Prices Invite Early Shipment.
The easiest way to avoid the losses
caused by bay getting out of condition
Is net to ship new hay until it has gone
through tlie “sweat" and becomes
properly cured in the mow or stack.
The premiums usually offered for early
shipments of new hay are very in
vitlug. however. The first new hay,
if in good condition, often sells near
the price of old hay which, as the sea
son draws to a close, is frequently
high. Tlie new hay is heavier, too,
and the shipper profits from the sale
of the water In it, even though it sells
below the price of old hay. The
chance of getting these premiums
causes many shipi>ers to take the risk
of the losses that continually occur.
It is very doubtful, however, if the
premiums equal the losses during the
first week or two of the movement.
While the shipment of new hay is
not advised until it is cured so as to
contain not more than 14 or 15 per cent
moisture, a few suggestions are offered
by the Department of Agriculture,
which, if followed, will tend to eliml
r
Harvesting Hay.
nnte some of the losses frequently
Incurred. The principal ones are:
Press the hay in the bale as loosely
as possible to get the minimum weight
In the car.
Load hay in cars wifli air space
about the bales; standing the hales
on end is considered a good prac
tice.
Ship first hay to near-by markets
only.
Hay shipped into low or humid ter
ritories should lie drier than when
shipped into dry or high sections.
Provide ventilation for ears when
possible.
Bill tars so that no delay will occur
In handling or unloading at destina
tion.
SOWING TURNIPS TO
FOLLOW VEGETABLES
Excellent Crop to Utilize Waste
Spaces in Garden.
Reasonably Rich Soil !• Essential,
Finely Raked and Leveled Off
to Avoid Water Collecting
in Little Pools.
(Prepared by Ihe Vnlted Statea Department
of Agrli ultur#.)
An a crop to utilize garden space
after early vegetables have been har
vested. nothing is better than the
turnip. Turnips should be planted in
most parts of the country about July
2f>, hut in the extreme South ms lute
as the last of August and can be left
tn the ground until after several light
frosts or all winter in the South. They
ore useful us a table vegetable and to
« limited extent will supply the place
<>f potatoes. It is the general opinion
of specialists of the United States De
partment of Agriculture that the Amer
ican public could consume many more
turnips than It does.
Kor field sowing, turnips are usually
broadcast. The particular require
ment is a reasonably rich soil finely
raked and leveled off to avoid water
collecting in pools. The seed should
be sowed sparingly. One homely rule
In to take the quantity which seems
sufficient and divide It in half. After
the seeds have been scattered on the
surface of the ground, they should be
well raked in. This may be done by
dragging a piece of brush over the
ground The surface should be well
smoothed. It Is a good plan to sow
turnips just after a rain, giving them
opportunity to sprout before a crust
forms. After sowing they will need
little attentlon^'ntil harvest.
entloi^ur
lorrOn C
’ t hU^orai
Com£Hin Garden Error.
One of thUvorainon faults in garden
ing Is making rows of plants too close
together and leaving the plants too
close in the row. This causes plants
to suffer for moisture and the lack of
plant food. Give more distance.
Net Good as Fertilizer.
Sawdust i* not a good fertilizer and
should not be spaded into the gardon
until it has rotted so that it almost
disintegrates. It is a favorite breeding
place for certain kinds of insects.
Uurn It and use tl.c- as', is.
SERUM DOES NOT ELIMINATE
Clean-Up of Hog Cholera Cannot Be
Expected Through Use of This
Modern Treatment.
Some persons think that the use of
hog cholera serum has become so
general that we are far on the wny
| toward the elimination of the disease,
i but, according to the United States
j department of Agriculture, a clean-up
of cholera can not be expected through
the use of this method. Besides, only
a small percentage of the hogs in the
country are treated each year and
there is also almost a complete turn
over of the swine population each
year. Every 12 months we start with
a uew lot of pigs and the tight against
disease must start at the beginning
| again.
About fiOO.OOO.OOO cubic centimeters
I of serum are used every year, which
j means that, counting 50 cubic centi
| meters for each hog. only about 10,
1000,000 hogs are treated. In recent
years there have been around 70,000,
000 hogs in the country on January 1,
according to federal crop estimators,
which means many more hogs in the
spring and summer. If all these hogs
were treated cholera would not he
eliminated. It would simply he made
Impotent to kill many hogs for one
season and would begin to kill again
the next season If serum were not
used. Serum treatment, like Insur
ance, can not he allowed to lapse.
PUREBRED SURELY PAID WELL
Lambs From Registered Sire Brought
More Money Than Thoee From
Scrub In Miseouri.
In the sheep flock the purebred sire
Is a money maker. In one experiment
at (he Missouri College of Agriculture
the lambs from a purebred ram brought
03 per cent more money than lambs
of the same r.ge fed In the same way
but sired by >, scrub. The lambs from
Ihe purebred ram weiged more at
thgee months of age than the lambs
sired by the Inferior ram at four
months of age.
Dressing Asparagus Bed.
Give the asparagus bed a good
dressing of manure. It will hasten the
appearance of the “glass” and make
it more tender. The custom of salting
the bed may be omitted. It does not
produce any noticeable vaults one
way or the c-.her.
A PATRON OF
THE ARTS
:: And a Loyal Patron She Was, Only the Art She Sup
i; ported Was but Deception
i: By ELEANOR PORTER
! ► Author of “ Pollyanna," ** Just David,” Etc. ”
< ► Copyright by Eleanor H. Porter.
TUTUS. LIVINGSTONE adored art—
Art with a capital A, not the
kind whose sign-manual Is the milk
lng-stool or a berlbboned picture
frame. The family had lived for some
time in n shabby-genteel house on
Beacon Hill, ever since, indeed, Mrs.
Livingstone had insisted on her hus
band's leaving the town of his birth
and moving to Boston—the center of
Art (according to Mrs. Livingstone).
Here she attended the Symphony
concerts (on twenty-five cent tickets),
and prattled knowingly of Mozart and
Beethoven; and here she listened to
Patti or Bernhardt from the third bal
cony of the Boston theatre.
To be sure, she occasionally read a
novel or a book of poems a trifle less
ancient in character, but never unless
the world had rung with the author’s
praises for at least a score of years.
The stamp of Time’s approvnl was
absolutely necessary to the aspirant
after Mrs. Livingstone's approbation.
Indeed, there was only one of the
present-day celebrities who Interested
the good lady at all, but that one at
tracted with a power that compen
sated for any lack In the others.
Of course he was famous—he had
been for thirty years. She called him
the “Inimitable One,” and set him up
.'IN ^
“Isn’t This House Owned by a Very
Famous Man?”
In lier heart and groveled Joyfully at
his feet. She bought each of his books
when published, whether she had
shoes to her feet or clothes to her
back.
Mrs. Livingstone's husband was only
an ordinary being who knew nothing
whatever of Art; and It was a relief
to her—and perhaps to him, poor man
—when he departed this life, und left
her to an artistic widowhood with
anything but an artistic income—if
size counts in Art. But one must eat,
and one must wear clothes (in chilly,
civilized Boston, at least), and Mrs.
Livingstone suddenly realized that
something must be done toward sup
plying these necessities of life for her
self and tier jftung daughter, Mabel.
It was at about this time that there
came a sharp ring at the doorbell, and
a stout man with small, but very
bright black eyes asked to see Mrs.
Livingstone.
“I have come, my dear madam, on
a matter of business.” said lie suave
ly ; "and though I am a stranger to
you, you certainly are not one to me.
I said ‘business,’ madam, yet 1 and
the one for whom 1 am speaking are
so anxious that you should look favor
ably upon our proposition that I had
almost said that I had come to ask a
favor.”
Mrs. Livingstone reluxeil from the
forbidding aspect she had ussumed,
and looked mildly Interested.
"A gentleman wishes to leave his
house in your charge, madam. The
house is advertised for sale, and from
time to time parties may wish to see
It. lie would like it to be in the care
of someone who will understand how
to show it to the best advantage, you
see."’
Mrs. Livingstone's back straight
ened. und her chin rose perceptibly.
Had she come to tills—a common care
taker? And yet—there was Mabel.
Something must certainly be done.
“Who is this man?” she asked ag
gressively ; and then she almost
started from her chair as the name
fell from the other's lips—it was that
bcrue by the Inimitable One.
“That man!" she exclaimed breath
lessly. “That famous creature with
the world ut his feet!”
The stout gentleman opposite smiled,
and Ids little eyes narrowed to mere
silts of light. He had counted on this.
His employer was Indeed famous—
very famous, though perhaps not In
•Lt; way '.his good lady supposed. It I
was uot the first time he find traded
on this convenient similarity of names.
“I thought, madam, we had made no
mistake. I was sure you would deem
It a privilege. And as for us, your
keen appreciative sense of the fitness
of things will—er—will make It a
favor to us If you comply with our
request,” said he, tloundering In help
less confusion for a moment.
But Mrs. Livingstone did not notice.
She went through the rest of that in
terview in a dazed, ecstatic wonder.
She only knew at- its conclusion that
she was to go up to Vermont to care
for His house, to live in the rooms
that He had lived in, to rest where
He had rested, to walk where He had
walked, to see what He had seen.
And she was to receive pay—money
for this blissful privilege. Incredible 1
It did not take Mrs. Livingstone
long to make all necessary arrange
ments.
As they stepped from the train to
the platform at the little country sta
tion, Mrs. Livingstone looked about
her with awed interest. He had been
here! The Jouncing yellow stage
coach became a hallowed golden char
iot, and the ride to the house a sacred
pilgrimage.
“Only think, Mabel, He walked here,
and sat here," said the woman ador
ingly, suiting the action to the word
and sinking into a grent Morris chair.
Mabel sniffed her dlsduin.
“I presume so; hut I should like to
know where he ate—maybe he left
something!”
Mrs. Livingstone rose in despairing
resignation.
The next few days were a dream of
bliss to Mrs. Livingstone. The house
was a handsome mansion set well
back from the street, and surrounded
by beautiful grounds which were kept
in order by a man who came two or
three times a week to attend to them.
Mrs. Livingstone had but herself and
Mabel to care for, and she performed
the work of the house as a liigli
priestess might have attended upon
the altars of her gods. It was on the
fifth day iha£ a growing wonder in the
mind of Mrs. Advlng&pne f(,l,nd voice.
“Mabel, thepe isn't one of ilis "urks
in the housi>—not one. I've ueefi
everywhere ftiid ihe woman plaint
ively.
"Well, mother,” laughed the girl
saucily, “flint’s the most sensible thing
I ever knew of the man. I don't won
der he didn’t want them round—1
shouldn’t!”
"Mabel!"
"Well, I shouldn’t!” And Mabel
laughed wickedly while her mother
sighed at the outspoken heresy. It
was plain that Mabel had no soul.
Mrs. Livingstone was furthermore
surprised at her idol’s taste in art;
some of the pictures on the wall were
a distinct shook to her.
The house was to be sold completely
furnished, with the exception of the
books and pictures. The price was
high, and there were hut few prospec
tive purchasers. Occasionally people
came to see the property; such Mrs.
Livingstone conducted about the house
with reverent impressiveness,
"It is something to buy a house
owned by so famous a man,” she insin
uated gently one day, after vainly
trying to awaken a proper enthusiasm
in a prim little woman who was talk
ing of purchasing.
“Indeed!” replied the other, frigidly.
"Do you think so? I must confess It
is somewhat of a drawback to me."
And from that time Mrs. Livingstone
wore an injured air—the young moth
er's baby bad been snubbed—griev
ously snubbed.
Toward ttie last of the summer a
wild plan entered Mrs. Livingstone’s
brain; and after some days of trem
bling consideration, she determined to
carry it out. The moruLng mull bore a
letter from her to the Inimitable One
through his publishers. She had
learned that he was to be in Boston,
and she had written to heg him to
come up to his old home and see if it
was being cared for to his satisfac
tion. The moments dragged as though
weighted with lend until the answer
came. When at last it was in her
hands, she twisted a hairpin under
the flap of the envelope and tore out
tire letter with shaking fingers.
It was from the Inimitable tine's
private secretary. The Inimitable One
did not understand her letter—he was
the owner of no house In Vermont;
there was doubtless some mistake.
That was all. The communication
was wholly eulgmatic.
The letter fluttered to the floor, and
Mrs. Livingstone’s dazed eyes rested
on the gardener In the lawn below.
In u moment she was at his side.
"I’eter, Isn't this house owned by a
very famous man?”
"Indade It is, ma’am.”
"Who Is he?” she demunded shortly,
holding her breath until that familiar
nume borne by the Inimitable tine
passed the other's lips.
“Well, Peter, isn't he the writer?
What does he do for a living?” she
fullered, still mystified.
"Do? He fights, ma’am. Ue'a the
big prizefighter that won-” He.
was talking to empty air. The womsu
hsd <V«
MAKE PREPARATION FOR CANNING
BEFORE FRUITS BEGIN TO RIPEI<
Be Sure Your Rubber Rings Are Good.
(r i rj;an:u uy inr i miru cinica
of Aff it culture.)
Many a family that is fond of .straw
berry preserves or raspberry short
cake during tiie winter months finds
itself in the fall without any of these
delicious small fruits on its canned
fruit shelves. The fruit ripens so rap
idly that the housewife, oftentimes, is
caught unprepared—without Jars, tops,
rubbers or some other canning neces
sity—and the crop is gone before she
can procure them.,
Seaton Is Short.
The season of any of the small
! fruits is very short, and full prepara
tion for the canning should be made
before even the first of the fruits be
gins to ripen.
If you are going to get a new cun
ner this year—and one certainly sim
plifies the work—the time to get it i*
now. i! inru can or a wasn noiier
Ik to be used for processing the cans,
see that the false bottom used last
year is In perfect condition or make
a new one.
Wash Cans Thoroughly.
All cans and their tops should be
washed carefully ns they are emptied
and before they are stored. If they
were not, now is (he time to put then*
into immaculate condition. Every par
ticle of foreign matter inside or out
side should be removed and the flanges
around the top scrubbed with a brush.
Then the whole can and its top should
tie boiled in soda water. If pickles
have been In the ,1ar. extra care must
be taken. After boiling, the open jar
should be placed in the sunshine out
of doors for several days. A large
part of the losses in canning Is caused
by the jars not being absolutely dean.
BUY BAKING POWDER
IN SMALL QUANTITY
Estimate Time Cne-Pound Can
Will Last in Cooking.
Many Pantry Supplies May" Be’ Re
plenished Before Stock Is Ex
hausted—Making Estimates
With Other Foods.
! (rrefjkrvd by (lie United Suites Department
of Agriculture.)
Baking powder often runs short at
i u crucial moment when one has a cake
half-mixed, thinking there Is plenty of
It on hand. Of course, the far-sighted
housekeeper plans to replenish each
of her pantry supplies before the stock
is exhausted, but she generally buys
baking powder in small quantity so
as to have it fresh.
A pound can of baking powder can
he bought at regular intervals If one
knows approximately how many ten
spooonfuls It contains and how many
teaspoonfuls are needed for the cook
ing during any given period. The ex
perimental kitchen of the I'nited States
iTepartmerit of Agriculture lias deter
mined, by scientific weighing and
measuring, that there will he a vari
ation between 125 and 150 teaspoons
in a one-pound can of baking powder.
Tilts is assuming an average weight
of .‘t.H grains for a 5 e. c. or standard
teaspoon.
in a home where hot biscuits are
made every morning, possibly four
teaspoonfuls of baking powder would
fie the average amount daily to leaven
a pint of flour; if a cake was made
on Saturday calling for three tcaspoou
fuls of baking powder and perhaps
cookies earlier in the week, requiring
two teaspoonfuls of baking powder, a
minimum of about 33 teaspoonfuls a
week would be required. The pound
can therefore should last from three
to five weeks, but if extra baking,
not counted in this estimate, is nec
essary, it would be well to replenish
the baking powder once a month.
Similar estimates with other foods
can to made by the Individual house
wife. The rule that three teaspoon
fuis make one tablespoonful Is suffi
ciently accurate for practical pur
poses, sav specialists in home econoin-/
ics in the United States Department
of Agriculture. It may be Interesting
to the housewife to measure for her
self the number of cups of coffee she
is likely to obtain from a pound, reck
oning one tablespoonful per cup.
Knowing how many cups are made
every day she can easily compute
the amount of coffee needed during
the week or month.
Chocolate Almonds.
Blanch Jordan aimouds, dry them
between towels, then strew over a
huking sheet uud place In a medium
liot oven until delicately browned.
When cold dip one at a time iuto
melted chocolate. Drop them on a
clean baking sheet lo harden.
Cleaning Hint.
Use one-half cupful of keroseue oil
In a pailful of water to wash your
window sxsl.es and sills. Wash glass
M Uii emiMvfris and vie ter.
LEVER PRESS VERY HELPFUL
Pressure Needed in Making Cheei
Can Be Regulated by Use of
Pole and Pall.
For those who make their ow»
cheese following Is described n slmpl
method of pressing the curd.
The lever slick should be
twelve feet long, while the weight
consist of a pall containing rocks or
earth. The box upon which the mold
is placed is set about three feet frn?i»
a wall, post, or tree, on which the
WirrP3Xuv'w)|v-ir
T
Pressure Is Variable at Will.
is nailed. One end of the stick I*
placed under the slut. Have u hoard
block about half a foot square to place
or. the mold and rest the stick on this.
Do not apply full pressure at first.
The pressure can he roguluted by
hanging the pail nbout halfway be
tween the mold and the end of the
stick. When more pressure should
be applied draw the pall to the 'ml
of tlie stick.—Mrs. C. N. T. in Power
Farming.
Of IHTEREST TO
THE HOUSEWIFE
Never allow sliver
washed over night.
to stand un
The best polish for brass is a solu
tion of salt and vinegar.
• • •
Salad oil added to putty prevent*
it from hardening and cracking.
• * *
When cooking very sour fruits add*
very iitle salt, and less sugar will b#
necessary.
* • •
If you buy oranges in quantity, storw
them (In their own papers) so they do
not touch.
• • •
A delicious Havoc Is giveu a roasting;
hum by basting it with a few table
spoonfuls of grnpejulce.
• « *
In dark cellarways paint the lowest
cellar step white and It Is easy to know
when the bottom Is reached.
• • •
When putting curtains on brass win
dow rods put a thimble over the end of
the rod and the curtain will slip ew
smoothly.
• * •
To keep small rugs lying sinootJkg-*
sew a small brass ring on each earner
of the rug and slip the ring over a tacit
in the floor.
• • •
A tablespoonful of sugar added to
the water for basting roust beef win
give n rhb hrown color and iuiproTW
i (be flavor. • *