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When You Feel- Bad
Stomach and Bowels out of order, appetite poor and
general disinclination for work,
HERBINE
Is the Remedy You Need
It creates energy by cleansing the system of bilious impurities
and restoring activity in the torpid liver. Take a dose when you
go to bed. You will feel bright and vigorous next morning. It’s
a fine purifying and regulating medicine. Prlc® 50 cent®.
JAS. F. BALLARD, Proprietor
ST. LOUIS, MO.
For sale at Union Saw Mill Co. Store.
Orcharding and
Gardening
Eight Studies In Handling the Or
chard and Garden.
EDITOR’S NOTE.
The Extension Division of the Uni
versity of Arkansas, In co-operation
v,-ith the United States Department of
Agriculture, will offer this year,
through this paper, a free correspond
ence course In "Orcharding and Gar
dening," consisting of four lessons in
each subject. These lessons wild ap
pear In this paper at Intervals of six
weeks. Those who wish to take this
course should write to the Director of
the Extension Division of the Univer
sity of Arkansas, at Fayetteville, stat
ing name, age, occupation, and stating
that he tor she) proposes to carry the
work through for the eight lessons. A
farmers' bulletin will be sent to sup
plement lesson No. 1, and later for
each lesson, if the question blank be
returned for the preceding lesson.
These blanks will be sent with each
bulletin. Preceding lessons will be
sent on request. The lessons on "Or
chard," “Orchard Management," "Har
vesting and Marketing," and "Fighting
Insects and Diseases.”
ORCHARD AND GARDEN CROPS
No. 4. Fighting Insects and Diseases.
By J. S. Knox, Extension Horticultur
ist, University of Arkansas.
The man who expects to grow a
first class crop of fruit under pres
ent conditions must be prepared to
fight the various kinds of insects and
diseases that attack the crop. Every
year there are thousands of orchards
over the country being killed or dam
aged to such an extent that they will
nevey yield a profitable crop to the
owner, just because he has not used
the proper precautions to keep these
diseases and insects under control.
Kinds of Insects: All of the or
I chard insects come under one of two
heads. First there is a typo of insect
which takes its food supply from the
plant by means of a sharp beak or
proboscis like that of the mosquito.
In order to control insects of this
type it is necessary to spray witn
some strong solution which when it
comes in contact with the body of the
insect will stop up the breathing pores
and thus cause death. Insects belong
ing to this scale are Ran Jose Scale,
Aphids of various types, Oyster Shell
Scale. Harlequin or cabbage bugs and
some of the Squash bugs. The sec
ond kind of insects take their food
supply by eating portions of the fruit
or leaves and this type of insect is
killed by spraying with a poison soon
as lead arsenate or Paris green. This
kind of insect is much more apt to be
noticed than the other because the
damage it does Is much easier seen
than is that of the sucking insect.
However, either type of insect can
and often does enough damage to pre
vent the growing of first class fruit.
This is especially true In orchards
where no effort, is made to control
them. Among the insects which take
their food by eating the fruit or the
leaves are (odling moth, canker
worms, webb worms, caterpillar, cur
culios and others.
Kinds of Diseases: There are hun
dreds of different diseases that attack
the different kinds of plants, but only
a comparatively small number do any
serious damage to the fruit crop and
often two or three of these can be
controlled by the same kind of spray
material. Among the most serious
diseases attacking the fruit crop are
blotch, scab, bitter rot. rust, brown
rot of stone fruits, and black rot and
mildew of grapes. The most serious
diseases of the tree Itself are cankers,
rust, blight, leaf spots, crown gall, 1
1 root rot.
Spray Materials: There are as
many different kinds of spray ma
terial on the market as there are dis
eases to control, yet there are com
part ively few of these which are used
to any great extent in our orchards.
Lead arsenate either in the form of
paste or powder is the principal poi
son used. However, Paris Green is
used to a considerable extern, in some
instances. Bordeaux mixture, which
is a solution made of lime and cop
per sulphate or blue stone, is one of
the best fungicides, and lime sulphur,
a solution of lime and sulphur of dif
ferent proportions, is used both as an
insectitude and as a fungicide. Coal
oil emulsion is a solution of coal oil,
soap and water of varying proportions
is also quite commonly used as an
insecticide as well as are various
kinds of tobacco preparations.
Spraying: For best results spray
ing must be thoroughly done. The
spray is only a preventive at best and
does not replace or cure damage al
ready done. It protects only the part
of the fruit or tree which is covered
by the solution, hence the importance
of thoroughness. If one leaves only
a portion of a twig uncovered when
spraying for San Jose scale, this
small limb will be the means of
spreading the scale over the whole
tree before the year is over and pos
sibly get it started on other trees.
Sometimes several sprayings may be
necessary in order to eradicate a dis
ease or insect and this is not infre
quently the case with the most com
mon of the orchard pests. Some of the
orehardists spray from five to eight
times each year for scab, bitter rot,
codling moth, etc. In order to have
the desired effect, the spraying must
be done at the proper time. Often a
day’s difference in time makes a big
diffrenee in the results obtained, so
promptness as well as thoroughness
counts in the spraying business. The
thing that appeals to every orchardist,
however, is that by doing the work
thoroughly and promptly he can grow
a crop of fruit that is a credit to any
section.
Made Right at Home.
Dorothy lives in Kenwood avenue
and is spending a part of the fourth
year of a busy existence in kindergar
ten. Returning home one afternoon
after an entertaining talk by her
teacher, Dorothy hurried to the home
of her grandma nearby and informed
that person of how clothes are made.
“You see, grandma,’’ said the ex
cited and well informed miss, "we
don't have to go across a big ocean to
get our clothes. All the nice, warm
things we wear are right here at
home waiting for us. All you have to
do is to go out and get a sheep, for all
our warm clothes are made right from
the fleas of a sheep.”—Indianapolis
News.
The Uses and Abuses
of Fertilizers
■ — -. -.. . —
A Sfrlm of SI* Art loir* Whirl,
Should Ur of \nluHhle AHalMtuiace
to AicricolturlKtH and IlortU-ultur
IsU of ArhatiKaa—11y Prof. R. J.
H. De l.onch, Director of Georgia
Experiment Station.
2. INTELLIGENT USE OF FERTI
LIZERS IN GERMANY.
l
All state institutions have fostered
the fertilizer trade since its origin in
the early fifties. State organizations
of all kinds have taken a lively partln
the building up of the trade, and in lat- !
er years the states have taken it for
granted that the trade is profitable to :
farmers and merchants alike, and
have therefore framed laws to regu
late its manufacture and sale. In every
state where fertilizer is sold in appre
ciable quantities laws have been
passed exacting certain requirements
of the manufacturer, because farmers
who are not able to analyze such ma
terials for themselves would be the
sufferers. Besides the trade, over-am
bitious, would forget its obligation to
the consumer and offer for i.ale in
ferior material under the name of fer
tilizers. We may say without fear of
successful contradiction that the states
themselves are largely responsible for
the rise and volume of the fertilizer
trade.
It has long been recognized that
Germany leads the world in many
lines of science. This is perhaps true
in regard to the use of fertilizers In
early years. Germany discovered that
mineral salts applied to growing
crops increased the yields immensely,
and gave time and stuoy to the under
lying causes, and has suggested to the
other parts of the world many valu
able lessons on her findings. Von
Liebig through his studies and lec
tures on modern agriculture has made
known much of the work of Germany
in the early history of the use of com
mercial fertilizers. Liebig says that
Kuhlmann, a German agricultural
scientist, applied salammoniac to a
meadow in the year 1845 and 1846.
and found that on a hectare (2Vfe
acres) he gathered 8,140 pounds of
hay more than on tlie same kind of
meadow wh^re he did not use the sal
ammoniac. He secured this result by
using about 200 pounds of sal-am
moniac to the acre.
In commenting upon this Von Liebig
has the following to say: “It is quite
certain, that in the action of the gua
no, which produced the crop next high
est after the Chili saltpeter, an un
mistakable part was played by the
ammonia contained In it. On the
other hand, however, the experiments
with carbonate and nitrate of ammonia
show' that a quantity of ammonia, or
nitrogen, equivalent to that in 20
pounds of guano and employed under
the same conditions, was almost with
out effect.”
A little further along he says: “The
most recent observations on the com
portment of the soil towards the food
of plants show how slight is the
knowledge we possess of their mode
of nourishment, and of the part which
the soil, by its physical condition,
plays in it. The comportment of the
salts of ammonia, of chloride of so
dium, and of nitrate of soda, towards !
the earthly phosphates in the soil,
may perhaps assist us in throwing
some light on their action, or one of i
♦ heir actions, on the growth of plants." |
This statement was made because it :
w'as always found that when common [
salt was added to certain mineral ma- >
nures, greater yield was obtained, and
Von Liebig came to the conclusion
that this was due to the relation of
this added material to the liberation
of potash in the soils.
Only a short time after the war be
tween the States the German potash
beds were olscovered and by rapid
leaps and bounds this material gained
in favor with planters as well as ex
perimenters. The necessity for find
ing a combination to liberate the pot
ash In the soils was now removed
and thorough satisfaction was found
in the use of the nitrate of soda and
the potash salts, and here the indus
try stood for a long time. Liebig do *s
claim, however,thatTribasicphosphate
of lime crept into the formula and was
found efficient. This fact is very sig
nificant and happened to be discov
ered by a constant srudy of the use of
the nitrate of soda and potash salts.
Liebig thought that these two plant
food materials had the power of dis
solving phosphoric acid in the form nr
earthly phosphates, and these in turn
added greatly to the yield of farm
crops.
We have here many hints of what
afterwards really developed to be
facts—namely that the three great
elements of plant food that should be
applied to the soil for good crop yields
are phosphoric acid, ammonia and
potash. For many years these three
elements have been the essential ele
ments of plant flood m a fertilizer for
mula.
Today Germany applies more min
eral salts per acre to her crops than
any other nation in the world, and
partly as a consequence gets higher
yields of farm crops than any other
nation. It is significant that theae
two facts are so closely related, but
it must be remembered that Germany
has learned the lesson of good tillage
—deep plowing, the proper use of veg
etable matter in the soil, and the dan
gerous practice of continuous cropping
with any single crop. It is also to De
remembered that the lands on which
the most money can be cleared with
out any Kinds of fertilizers are the
lands that will give greatest profits
with fertilizers.
LODGE DIRLCIORY
ROWLAND LODGE No. 594 F. &. A.
M.meets every second and fourth Satur
day evenings at?:3C o'clock. Visiting
Masons always welcome.
L. M. Despain, W. M.
C. A. Berry, Sec'y.
HOWARD CHAPTER. No. 19.2. R. A.
M. meets every first and third Thurs
day evening at Masonic hall. Visiting
companions welcome.
L. G. Gibson, H. P.
D. F. Collett, Secy.
HUTTIG CHAPTER No. 320, Order of
the Eastern Star, meets every first and
third Friday evening at 7:30 o'clock.
Visiting brothers and sisters welcome.
Mrs. J. A. Brignac, W. M.
Mrs. L. G. Gibson, Sec'y.
HUTTIG LODGE No. 348 I. O. 0. F.
meets every Tuesday evening. Visiting
brethern cordially invited to attend.
E. L. Ware, N. G.
Harlan Sehon, Secy.
HUTTIG Rt-BEKAH LODGE No. 66,
meets every Monday night at 7:30 o'clock
Visitors are invited.
Mrs. Lou Milstead, N. G.
Miss Murray Pilkinton, Secy.
SWEET BAY CAMP No. 4 11 W. 0. W.
meets every first and third Saturday eve
nings. Visitors made welcome.
C. A. McCormick, C. C.
J. C. Bridges, Clerk.
RAILROAD TIMt TABLE.
St. Louis. Iron Mountain & Southern
LITTLE ROCK A MONROE RY.
South North
5:25 a. m.. . Huttig 3:25 p. m
7:55 a. m.Monroe 1:00 p.m
local. *
Leaves Arrives
11:55 p. m. Huttig f. 12:15 p. m.
St. Louis, Iron Mountain &, Southern
FARMERVILLE & SOUTHERN RY.
North South
4:42 a. m. Huttig 3:54 p. m
3:15 a.m. Farmerville 5:20 p. m
local, t
10:15 a.m. Huttig 2:25 p.m.
tArrives Monday, Wednesday, and Fri
day from Monroe and goes to Farmer
ville.
*Arrives Tuesday. Thursday and Satur
day from Farmerville and goes to Mon
roe
DRS. MAGEE & MAYFIELD
Physicians and Surgeons
At Company Hospital
Office Hours—8 to 12 a. m., 1 to Co m
Sunday*—9 to 11 a. m., 3 to 3 p. p m.
Residence Phone 12; office 18
HUTTIG - ARKANSAS
Consider That
Proverbial
“Ounce of Prevention”
The United States has “the grippe.” Papers everywhere
declare as much, and health authorities are urging people to take
every precaution for their health.
February and March are the most dangerous
months of the year. Rain, snow and slush mean colds,
grippe and pneumonia. Guard well your health and
that of your family. We can supply you with
Clothing and
Footwear
of all kinds, and to be not only well dressed, but safe
ly dressed may mean much to you.
The Time to Save
Time is in the Beginning
You can clip off several days from the 1916 calendar
right now, Mr. Farmer, tuck ’em away in
your lock-box and use them at
leisure next fall
Making needed repairs about your place just now will prepare you
for tackling Spring work as soon as Spring shows its
head—and every day you save in the Spring
brings your finished labors just that
much earlier in the fall
We have ’most anything you could need for these little odd jobs,
and they don’t cost much. Anyway, it’s economy to re
pair an article while the damage is slight, rather
than to wait until it gets beyond repair
and a new one is necessary. We
will be glad to begin
Serving You Right Now
and we believe we can merit your patronage throughout the year
ft
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WHERE QUALITY COUNTS”
DEALERS IN EVERYTHING 8
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