r*ijE KUSKO TIMES
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Entered ae »econQ-cia^3 matter AUt
^ust 29th, 1923, at the postoffice at
Tofotna, Alaska, unda^, the Act of
3, 187ft,
Takotnii. Alaska;.August 22, lft.'fl. -
(}NTR0L *)F MOHHL ITOES
AIM OF RESEARCH BODY
(Fairbanks _News^Miner.),
That unwelcom^. ubiquitous little
animal, the mosquito. ,*vill, be ,a less
less frequent, summer guest if the ef
forts of the Fairbanks Exploration
Copipany an,' thq ^Bureau, of Ento
mology prove fruitful. An investiga
tion is being carried .on .this -summer
unjler the dir ctaon -of Dr. George S.
TulIoch,.of H.n vard University, to de
termine- the tofcsibilifcy t pf- .'dnosquito
control in this,,section of Alaska. Dr.
Tullech conducted a similar investiga
tion in JJass.'.i.vhusetts when- \\e -was
■oiysuiting antv nologi »t for. the ■ state.
Before.-aqy -control measures ean be
recommended, ha kinds and.numbers,
of ( mosquitoes mustr be determined,
th^ir habits, tome life histories. In
short, the biology of the .local .species
mi^st be studio-' and analy etrz. before
remedial measuves cao-ie/instituted.
In his labors wry at Fox., Df; ;TuI
loch has mosquitoes of all kinds and
descriptions in ill stages of develop-,
inept. Already he has found fourteen
'Jt$ in jwwnfort t- alt points in
A1 -»lt« in t<in^.$HK-jrpipfager
cabin plane. Large baggage
compartment separate from the ,
cabin. Equipment for water ,
landings*
?
Slgl -seeing trip; ,e»y tjmv
J5.W pa., n*ssen„jr.
For Hates tp ^!cska Ppbifcs,,
WIRE
Robert H. Romig
\ ifiEKT.,
Anchorage, Alaska
different species thriving in this vi
cirity—two large species and twelve
small The laboratory is a miniature
weather station. Daily temperature
and humidity records are kept and
conditions as nearly as possible ap
proximating the out-of-doors are
maintained. Beside hi? studies of the
local species, Dr* T'ulloph is experi
menting with regellants and combat-1
ive solutions. Definite findings and
conclusions, of course, will not be
available ..before fall.
Under a microscopic lens the high-,
ly despised mosquito becomes quite a
fascinating little insect. Its anatomy
is as intricate as it. is delicate. Its
life history .reads luike a story.
Mating takes place in the fall. The
males then die and. the females hiber
nate. Being„ cold-blooded animals,
■they can adapt themselves, to their
surroundings. They may even freeze,
but the spring sunshine will put life
into the magain.
It is generally believed by hiolo- j
gists that the female requires animal
blood before she can lay eggs. After ■
filling the intestinal tract with blood,
■it takes about a week for digestion to I
take place. Eggs arp then laid in 1
“rafts’ ’on the surface of the water, j
(This is true of the species most j
common here; other species lay t.heir
eggs on damp leaves or grass.) The J
“raft” is about the size of a finger,;
and usually contains 300 to 400 eggs.
After ayling their eggs the female
dies.
Wiggly, caterpillar-like larvae
emerge from the eggs. On the tail of
the larva is a hreathing tube and
every few moments the larva goes to
the surface of the water, head down,
to get a supply of air. When the
outer shell of the larva becomes too
^small for the growing organism in
■?ide of it. a new shell is secreted and
the old one “molts.” Th(s takes place
four times before the larva passes on
to the pupa stage The latter form
is rather round and has two little
horns on the head for breathing.
From the pupa emerges the adult
mosquito.
me cmei airterence between a
male and female mosquito is that the!
antennae and stinger of the male are!
feathery and the male never bites. In i
fact, we never see a male mosquito, i
for they do not .come near humans.!
The stinger of th efemale is smooth j
and yellowish. It is enclosed by a •
sheath which folds back during the:
stinging process. You have perhaps j
noticed, if you were that patient!
when a mosquito was biting you, that!
the stinger appeared bent. The fore-1
intestine of the insect is ^divided into
three sections. The middle section
pumps the blood, and the two outer
sections, composed of a fungus plant
supbstance—an instance of a plant
within an animal—secrete a fluifld
which injected into the blood stream
of the human or animal being stung,
prevents coagulation of the blood
being sucked by the mosquito. It is
this saliva-like secretion that poisons
the skin and causes irritation and
itching.
Two to four generations of mos
quitoes breed in a season. On a.basis
of two generations, two . mosquitoes
could produce upwards q£.,64,POb,000
offspring in a single seasqp., But Na
ture has control methotjs .qf her.own.
Mosquitoes must hay® .water in the
egg, larva and pupa^ stage, and the
evaporation of pools-and swamps be
>G«o. W. Albrecht
Manager ,
t Chan. E. Taylor
Counsel
Alaska Insurance Agency
[Every known kind of Insurance* «bqt only
one quality—THE BEST;*.
jTheeheapast possible rates consistent with absolute safety, Surety t
* and Fidelity Bonds.
FAIRBANKS, ALASKA
r^*jf:KUsto Times. ^ ,.k >
• ■ H 1 . i'. _iiiiBHnBnsi
fore complete development destroys
thousands of them. There are some
species of mosquitoes that do not bite
in the adult stage, but in the larva
Stage destroys the larvae of the bit-;
ing mosquito.
The.dragon fly in its nymphal stage'
eats mosquito larvae and the, adult j
dragon fly, alsp destroys the ad,nit1
.mosquito. In pools where dragon fly.
nymphs, are found are found in num
bers, mosquitoes are seldom , found. ,
Among other, predacious animals
which prey^on mosquitoes are beetles, i
red water mites and swallows.
Some mosquitoes fly long distances
or are carried by the wind. Others
never wander more thai) 200 or 300
yards from their breeding place. In
considering control m$a§ures this is
an important factor and, is one of
most difficult phases of the .problem
on which to obtain accurate data. JDr..,
Tulloch has also ^ound that,,certain
species of mosquitoes in this vicinity
prefer acid water to alkaline. A p.osi-'
tive segregation .of this kind would
aid materially in coping with the'
problem.
When we see swarmsj upon swarms j
of mosquitoes and think of ...the i
streams and pools, in this part, .of the
90untry that are veritable mosquito
incubators,, the task Dr. Tulloch and.
his assistants have before therp seem^
an impossible one.. But the,samq pest
has gone down, to defeatJbefore the
onslaughts of scientists in other parts
of the world, and we , have hope that,
eventually mosquitoes in this section
will be. as scarce as . the proverbial
hen’s teeth.
PILOT GILLAM A HERO,
Pilot Harold Gillam, of the Giliam
Airways, flew thq members of the
Cordova Chamber, of Commerce to
Fairbanks, recently. It happened he 1
arrived the, same day as Post and;
Gatty, says th^ Fairbanks News- j
Miner., Jusct a few minutes after the
arrival of the ’roundrthe-world fliers!
at the Nordalf Hotel Pilot Gillam
was standing, in the hotel lobby. A;
lady came up to hjm, threw her arms!
around him and saifl, “Are you the!
flier?” . i
Naturally,, Gillam,- thinking of his
flight from Cordoba, said “Yes.” j
Then, with a great big hug and a kiss, ]
the kind old lady said: ,“My, but you
are a brave boy to attempt this long
flight around the .world- , I am really j
proud of you!” •
And she wouldn’t, l^t Gillam pxplain
that he wa? not Post. ..
Rastus: “Here.^m.;.- telegram from
de boss in Africa. „ .He,,.says he. is
Sending us soipe. lionv tails." j
Circus owner’s wife: “Lions’ tails,
Rastus? What. . are you talking
about?” |
Rastus: “Wellr read it yourself. It
says plain, ‘Just captured two lions, j
Sending details by, mail.’ ”
McGRATH
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