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; EDITORIAL PAGE
X , "
FORTS AS TRAPS
One of the quaniioug which will
bs asked, as never before, by
military authorities, as a conse
Queac^ ot th« present .war, might
be phrased 1a t&« glang of today—
or yesterday—-What is a fort?"
la the Ught of Went ©vents
cowtjy, mawlTt fortifications look
mo™ like traps for armies than
ald« 1q natioaal defeinae. They are
oKectlrfl if th# field force* of the
power whicfc holds them are strong
enough to keep Uiem open to
frleadlj troop#, for entrance or
egr<M^ that in, If they are not
»iUJ]y needed. But It is Plain that
they; cannot be defended upon to
stop, a powerful invading army or
to hold In check a sufficient Invest
ing fores for more than a week or
two. And when a, fort falls the
loa» of lis garrisoa la complete.
There la no Mirage.
Liege lasted, as to its. best forts,
for about two weeks. Xamur,
from which much was expected,
fell in three days. Its last fort to
yield went down In a week or bo
longer. Jdaubeuge, one of the great
frostier fortresses of France, was
battered Into helplessness in about
tea days.
la Ra«t Prussia the Russians
took Alienate in, & strong German
town, without muc& trouble and
then lost U erea mors quickly to
a German field army. Forts have
apparently counted little in Gali
cia. The liege gun Beema to have
beaten the best of the modern for
tifications. Jt Is Increasingly doubt
ful if even Pari* or Antwerp could
stand a siege for more than two
or three weeks.
Clearly, the fate of nations in
war will be determined, more than
ever before, ia th0 open field by
great vmiea. Cities and their for
tifications TT|ay easily become traps
for their defenders.
\ same old MEXICO
it is the same old Mexico, says
the Clerelaad Leader. Men in
high places come and go but
tlie country and thp people Temain
about as th^r were a year ago, a
daca.ee or a generation, when they
are tested a little below the sur
fa.se.
Carranza forbids generals of his
army to leave Mexico City, on pain
of death. They are not needed
there, and the only reason for this
sweeping and drastic order must
be fear of rebellion. He appoints
Villa a general of division, whlcl
will not satisfy that formidable
baadit.
Zapata, in his mountain strong
holds, offers to share the executive
authority of the republic with Car
ranea, on equal terms. This con
dition the "Fir»t Chief" naturall
considers preposterous. The sav
age bandit of Morelog says he will
accept nothing less. He would
like to talk matters over with Car
raaia if the latter were foolish
enough to visit him in his own ter
ritory.
Carranza says he is not the pro
visional president. He thinks that
If he vrerg acknowledged to hold
that office It might Interfere with
his election for a full term. That
is what Villa Is plainly determined
to prevent, if possible. Therefore
Villa calls the "First Chief" tie
kind of president that Ca-rransa
says he i» not.
All for personal preferment and
power, all for factional or parti
san success. It U a sorry pitcure
for a country which bas been
taught so recently the bitter les
sons Mexico has refused to learn.
Belgium has bees annexed by
the Germans and Galicia by the
Russians.. But the geographers
bare cat altered the maps yet.
Dr. Anna -Shaw wants cheaper
divorces. Can it be she has ac
quired a personal interest in the
®att?rt _ ; ( . r,
Some sort of honor should be
devised for the returned American
tourists who admit that they
neither had to ride in, a freight
car, walk 'steen miles in the rain,
live three weeks on a wiener, nor
undergo arrest on suspicion of be
ing a spy.
OUR eWflags
Colonial Emblems That Led Up
to the Stars and Stripes.
THE STORY OF OLD GLORY.
Twiee Haa the Design Boon Changed
Sine* th» Official Adoption of Our
Fir»t Flag In 1777—Tho Star* the
Distinctive Feature of Our Banner.
The Americau flag is a growth
rather thau a creation. Its history can
be traced back to the twelfth century,
or nearly 000 years prior to the first
"flag day," June 14, 1777.
During the first crusade In 1195
Pope Urban II. assigned to all of the
Christian nations as standards crosses
varying In color aud design, emblem
atic of the warfare in which they were
engaged. To the Scotch troops was
assigned the white saltire, known as
the white cross of St. Andrew, on a
blue field. The British used a yellow
cross, but a century and a quarter
later they adopted a red cross on a
white field, known as the red cross of
St. George
When James VI. of Scotland ascend
ed the throne of England as James I.
he combined the two Hags and Issued
a proclamation requiring all ships to
carry the new flag at their mainmasts.
At the same time the vessels of south
Britain were to carry at their fore
masts the red cross of St. George and
the ships of uorth Britain to carry
the white cross of St Andrew.
The new Hag was known as "king
colors," the "union colors," of the
"great union" and later as the "union
Jack" and was the one under which
the British made ail their permanent
settlements in America.
The people in the New England colo
nies were bitterly opposed to the cross
in the flag. ]n 1635 some of the troops
In Massachusetts declined to march
under this flag, and the military com
missioners were forced to design other
flags for their troops with the cross
left out. The desigu they adopted has
not been preserved. In 1632 a mint
was established in Boston. Money
coined in this mint had the pine tree
stamped on one side of it. The pine
tree design was also used on New
England flags, certainly by 1704 and
possibly as early as 1035.
At the outbreak of the Revolution
the American colonies had no flag com
mon to all of thein. In many cases the
merchant marine flag of England was
used with the pine tree substituted for
the union jack. Massachusetts adopt
ed the green pine, tree on a white
field wKh the motto. "An Appeal to
Heaven " Some of the southern states
had the rattlesnake flag with the mot
to "Don't Tread on Me" on a white or
yellow field. This flag had been used
by South Carolina as early as 1704.
In September, 1775, there was dis
played in the south what is by many
believed to be the first distinctively
American flag It was blue with a
white crescent and matched the dress
of the troops, who wore caps inscrib
ed "Liberty or Death."
The colonists desired to adopt a com
mon flag, but they had not yet declared
Independence and were not at first
seeking independence. They took the
British flag as they knew it and made
a new colonial flag by dividing the red
field with white stripes into thirteen al
ternate red an& white stripes. This 13
known as the Cambridge flag, because
It was first unfurled over Washington's
headquarters at Cambridge, Mass., on
Jsn. 1, 1776. It complied with the law
nt 1707 hv hiving the union lack on
Olympia Beer on draught at the
Board of Trade. This famous brew,
both on draft Mid In bottles is kept
constantly fresh. This is the Board
of Trade Bar where the celebrated
Rainier Beer M also kept In bot
tl«*. tt
Kand Laundry and all kinds of
work done on short notice. Apply
at Ninth and Main. 7-29-tf.
" " If!
Pacific Alaska Navigation Co.
"THE ADMIRAL LINE" s
SOUTHBOUND
S.S. ADMIRAL EVANS Sept. 23
l WESTBOUND
S. S. ADMIRAL WATSON Sept. 19
LEAVING SEATTLE ON THE 5th, 15th AND 25tli OF
EVERY MONTH AND ARRIVING IN SKAGWAY ON THE 9th,
lPth AND 20lii., WESTBOUND.
RETURNING FROM THE WESTWARD, SHOULD LEAVE
SKAGWAY, SOUTHBOUND, AFPRI.XIMATELif ON THE Otli,
19th., AND 20th.
Direct connection aud through service, Seattle to San Fran
cisco, on the Steamship Admiral Farragut and Adnclral Watson,
sailing from Seattle on a five-day schedule.
Special attention to Tourist Biu>»ness, both west and south
bound.
For information call at Ticket Office, or write.,
|Pacific"Alaska Navigation^©., Skagway, Alaska
It'; it also represented ttie thirteen col
onies by the thirteen stripes.
As the colonists gradually became
converted to the idea that Independ
ence from the mother country was nec
essary they began to modify the flag,
first by leaving off the union jack and
using only the thirteen horizontal
stripes. The modified flags were not al
ways red and white, but regularly con
sisted of combinations of two colors
selected from red, white, blue and yel
low. The final modification was the re
placement offthe union jack by the
white stars on a blue field.
The stars are the only distinctive fea
ture of the American flag. The charm
ing story which credits Betsy ttoas
with making the first flag of stars and
stripes is still accepted by historians.
When Washington suggested the sis
pointed star she demonstrated the ease
with which a five pointed star could be
made by folding a piece of paper and
producing oue with a slugle clip of the
scissors.
The official adoption of our first
flag was In 1777. Ou June 14 of that
year the Continental congress passed
an act providing that "the flag of the
thirteen United States be thirteen
stripes, alternate red and white; that
the Union be thirteen stars, white
on a blue field, representing a new
constellation." The thirteen stars were
arranged In a circle to symbolize the
perpetuity of the union of the states.
Vermont was admitted to the Union
In 1791, and Kentucky In 171)2. It
was felt that these two new states
ought to be recognized on the flag, so
In 1794 congress passed an act making
the flag fifteen stars and fifteen stripes.
This remained the flag of the United
States throughout the war of 1S12. un
til there were twenty states In the
Union In 1S16 an effort was again
made to modiry the flag so that all the
new states would be represented on It
To be continually adding stripes would
make the flag very awkward In shape
and appearance, so after arguing the
matter for two years congress decided
to return to the original thirteen stripes
and one star for each state.
HOW'S THIS
We offer One Hundred Dollars Re
ward for any case of catarrh that cai
not be oured hy Hall's Catarrh Cure
P. J. CHENEY & CO., Toledo. 0.
We, the undersigned have known
P. J. Cheney for the past IB years,
and believe him perfectly honorable
in all business transactions, and fin
ancially able to carry out any obliga
tions made by his firm. Waldlng, Kin
nan & Marvin, Wholesale arugglsts o
Toledo, 0.
Hall's Catarrh cure Is taken intern
ally, acting directly upon the blood
and mucous surfaces of the system.
Testimonials sent free. Price 75c.
per bottle. Sold by all druggists.
Take Hail's Family Pills I'or cons fl
oat 11oil
Pack Train
Restaurant
TONY STANICH, Proprietor
For 14 Ye»r» We Hire Senred only
The Best in the Markets
*»<! today it it tie
Most Popular Elating
House in the North
New Location
Broadway, between 3rd and 4th
The Delmonico of Alaska
"BEN" CDLBERTSON j
ExpressiDg and Cartage;
Phone 34, day 01 night, for
quick service
Office: The Pool Room
i
Wood, Coal and Ice delivarod on >
Short Notice. ' a
PROFESSIONAL CARDS.
Dentists.
Oil. L. S. KELLER.
Dentist.
Most Modern Methods.
Opci Evenings.
Office Hours: 9-12 a. m. 16 p. m.
Alaskau building - Broadway
3KAGWAY ALASKA
WILLIAM PALLISTER, M. 1>.
(Formerly of Seattle)
Specialist iu tlie treatment of
diseases ;uul deformities of tlie eye,
ear, nose ami throat*
Office; Goldstein Iiuilding, Ju
neau, Alaska.
Dr. Fallisfcr will ho in Atlin,
Sept. 21st.
W. II. STOUT.
A i t <■ r n e y A l Law.
Practices iu all courte
In Territory of Alaska
Ha!" j Alaska.
. h. M.
WIjI'o Puss Lodge
F. & A.M. No. 113
meets 2d aud 4th
| 11. vr* ——
month. Vlsltiiig brothers aro wel
come. Phil Abrahams, Secretary.
W. C. Wright, W. M.
Fraternal Order
Skigway Aerie
No 25, Frater
nal Order of
Wednesday night of each month at
their hall on Fifth avenue. Visiting
brothers cordially invited to attend.
Elmer Wheeler, W. P., J. M. Keller,
secretary.
B. 1\ O. ELKS
Skagway Lodg
No 431, B P. 0
B. meets every
1st and 3rd Thurs
days at S o'clock.
Visiting broth
era cordially welcome. Jas Ken
nedy, Ex. R. Geo. Magee Secretary.
Arctic Brotherhood.—
- - • |, Camp Skagway No. 1
B. meets every Tues
day evening at 8:00 p
m. stiarp. /Isitins' brothers cordial
ly weirome D. J. Rich, Arctic Chief
W R. Hillerj, Arctic Recorder.
Raleigh
Hotel
FIRE PROOF
v MANAGEMENT
Stock Rumsey of Nome
Joe Rumsey of Dawson
Reasonable Rates
[Every Convenience
1408 FOURTH AVENUE
Seattle
TIave you Been the Skagway
booster Pennants at Keller Bros,
["hey are classy glassy, sassy pen
ats. Get on? lor 70Ur home.
lO *
.yaue, ucoma, victori,
Vancouver Prince Rupert
Juneau, Petersburg, Wrangell, and Ketchikan
Leave Skaguuay
S.S. City of Seattle, Sept 17, 27, Oct, 9,21
S+S+ Spokane, Sept, 22, Oct* 4, 16, 28
Ami every six days following. Modern comfortable ships, ex
cellent service. Connects at Seattle with through passen
ger steamers.
CONGRESS, GOVERNOR, PRESIDENT AND QUEEN.
Sailing Tuesday, 10 a. m. and Friday, 5 p. m.
FOR SAN FRANCISCO, I.OS ANGELES, SAN DIEGO.
Through tickets sold and haggage checked to nil points in
United States and- Canada. For l'olders and full particulars,
address V. A. PETERSON, Agent
H. BRANDT, G. A. P. D. Phone 50. SKAGWAY
008 Second Ave., Seattle, Wash.
ALASKA STEAMSHIP CO.
FAST TIME TO SEATTLE 31-2 DAYS
Making but two stops (Juneau and Ketchikan)
THE OCEAN GOING STEAMSHIPS
s. s. Mariposa, Aug. 17,. sep. 4-23, Oct 11-29
S. S. ALAMEDA, Aug. 23, Sep. .10-29, Oct 17, Nov. 4
S. S. NORTHWESTERN. Sep. 18, Oct. 6-24, Nov. 11
ALSO THE POPULAR
S. S. JEFFERSON, Aug. 26. Sept. 8-20, Oct. 2-14-26
S. S. DOLPHIN, Sept. I-14-26, Oct. 8
Transfer to Tacoma, Vancouver and Victoria, without additional charge.
For Cordova and Westward Points
S.S.MARIPOSA. .... Aug. 28, Sep. 16. Oct 4-22
S. S. ALAMEDA, - Sep. 3-22, Oct. 10-28
S. S. NORTHWESTERN. Aug. 23. Sep. 11-29, Oct. 17 Nov. 4
All dates subject to change without notice
TELEPHONE NO. fi«. E. J. SHAW, Agent, SKAGWAY.
ijaWABl^f
mciFic.'/ "Princess" Steamers
V-i railway y
J/
\V AT
V
Leave Skagv/ay Every Thursday
AS ADVERTISED
P. SOPHIA, Sept. 17, Oct. 1-15-29
P. MAY, Sept. 24, Oct. 8-22, Nov. 5
Particulars and Reservations, " Rail or Sail," from
F. F.W. LOWLE, Gcn'l Agt. Phone 87 SKAGff AY
Steamship Humboldt'
THE ONLY INDEPENDENT STEAMSHIP OPERATING TO S. E. ALASKA
Sailings from Skagsvay to Seattle.
SEPTEMBER 23
&50 Round Trip to Seattle and Return
Sailing dates subject to change without notice.
THROUGH TICKETS HONORED
Seattle Office: Robert Browning, 5(h & Broadway.
716 Second Avenue. Tickets and all Ih/onnation.
p a
Travel East
OVER THE
"MILWAUKEE"
THE NEWEST AND SHORTEST LIXE TO THE EAST
Crossing the Cascade Mountains, the Kittitas Valley, the Col
umbia River, the Bitter Root 'Mountains and Montana Canyon,
traversing a country of surpassing scenic grandeur, historical
interest and wonderful development.
TWO FAST THROUGH TRAIN'S DAILY
"The Olympiad" and "The Colombian"
Th0 NEW ALL-STEEL TRAINS <o
BUTTE, MILES CITY, SIOUX CITY,
MINNEAPOLIS, ST. PAUL, MILWAUKEE and CHICAGO
For further information regarding fares, train service, res
ervations, etc, call on or address
E. J. SHAW
Agent, Alaska Steamship Co.
SKAGWAY, ALASKA.
City Ticket Office, Chicago, Mi'waukee & St. Paul Railway,
413 Hastings St. West, VANCOUVER, B. C.
SECOND AVE. AND CHERRY ST. SEATTLE