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GATT Library | wz449qx4880 | Secretariat Suggestions in connection with the preparation of a Draft Charter by the Drafting Committee | United Nations Economic and Social Council, January 20, 1947 | United Nations. Economic and Social Council and Preparatory Commission of the Conference on Trade and Employment Drafting Committee | 20/01/1947 | official documents | E/PC/T/C.6/W.2 and E/PC/T/C.6/W/1-25 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/wz449qx4880 | wz449qx4880_90230199.xml | GATT_155 | 1,385 | 9,225 | United Nations Nations Unies RESTRICTED
E/PC/T/C.6/W.2
ECONOMIC CONSEIL 20 January 1947
AND ECONOMIQUE ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
SOCIAL COUNCIL ET SOCIAL
DRAFTING COMMITTEE OF THE PREPARATORY COMMITTEE
OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT *
SECRETARIAT SUGGESTIONS IN CONNECTION THTE. .B .
ATION OF A DRAFT CHAPTER BY THE DRAFTING COMMITTEE Z iE,
With regard to the plaw of vork approved by the Drgftommi C-1ittee
at its initial meeting0 on 2 Januare, tho Socretariat submits herewith
-certain observations which it is hoped will be of assistance to the
Draftimg Coumittee inpthe greparation of a Draft Charter for submission
to the Second Session of the Preparatorm Comlittee ef th3 International
Conference on Trade and Employment.
On thempssu=ption that the Delegations will employ the Report
of the First Session of the Preparatory Committeeheirtbhei basic
working document, references in this text will be made mainly to
the Report. The word "Charter" used alone will refer to the appendix
to that Report.
The observations have been prepared under the same headings as
those of the Charter.
Chapter I. Purposes
CLapter II. Membership
Following the same reasoning that was accepted at the First
Session, .these two Chapters are temporarily left over to be
considered tog ether with Chapterw VI, hich refers to general
istdinntive dan organazstional questions.
/Cptater III. Page 2
Chapter 11I. Employment
Article 3
Title
It is suggested that the title of this ar icle whichh is similar to
that which appeared in the United States Draft Charter) may have. become
too narrow in the light oanthe bmenaddaing axmdments to the text approved.
in the course of the First Session. Besides stating the direct relation
of employment to the purposes of the Organization, this article now defines
the main objectives of employment policy and.pointe out the need for
internatioial action In this field.
Para;=-ph 1.
4tsh line - inert "a" between high"."of" and "
4th line from end - it is felt that the sentence would read better if
the vorls "of the Charter" were inserted afier "provistons" and "other
purposes and" and "Organization"' w.re deleted,
Pgragrah 1 (second sentence)
BMI(raoh 2 first )entence
Tn order to insure confwrmity Vith the expressions used in the first
sentences of Articles 3 and. 4, the phrases "measures.to sustaindemand and.
employment" (paragraph 1) and. "the achievement and maintenance of effective
demand anyd emploment" (paragraph 2) should be changed to, respyectivel.
"measures to sustain employment aand de.nd" and. "the achievement and.
maintenancp of emloyment and effective demand'. -
La~r~ra
pcr>Rranh 2 - _ -~ -- - -
lat and. 9th line in Paraarph 1, lt line in paragraph 2 - wording
zesuch as "Members recognize that, "They also recRnize" and._
"They agree that", is seemingly superfluous. If this view were
agreeabloe to the Drafting COMzz similar amendments wvuld ave to
be effeIIIc.ted. idArticles 5, 6, 7 and 9, of Chapter i.
* /Article 15- E/PC/T/C. 6/W. 2
Page 3
Article 4 -. - . -. -
Article 5
le 4 4d 2ine 4e l4, 4th line ar tt i cle 5 -.It.may bhatthe.-
Draft.g fcmttee will find "that the wor d s .'an to raiseestndards
of productivity" in Article 5.render it unnecessary to maintain the
word "productive" in Article 4. .(If this word is maintained, both-the
articles migb sbe interpreted aecovering the same ground.)
Article 5
2nd li ne - in order tostress the difference between Article 5,
which relates to development, and Article,.4- it may be found desirable-
to insert after "world's" acme such nwording as "huma and-material"
Otherwise, it might be thought that "resources" rmateeferred only to.terial
means of production. .
3rd line - It would" seem t hat the word "progressively would'be
better placed after "resources" in line 4.. Alternatively; the word-
"progressively" amight bodeemed redundant insofar b the leaning attached
to it naypbe considered covered by "develcn'".
. . -Arlicles 5, -. . - .
The fornula "Members-agree to" appears in various forms in these
artics s. Ths drafting would seem to be improved if "Member-! shall" were
employed instead throughout .
Chapter 1V Economic Development
. . .. Artlcle 10-
1st dine-d',ltembersrs recndie tht".
: K Article 11- * - *. -
P.. Aap . -
1st line. delete 'gree that they". : ; i-
. . . - ;
*: p Urap
* :
This paragraph might be rafted ak f ow: ;i'Thn, at
the request of any Member;eAl are'vic ciiig:'tIze re pl
for economic development ed, within its competence and resources, shall
provide such Member with technical assistance in cc.pleting and
carrying out its prograea."
~~~~~~~~~~~~/ws FWRrr E/PC/T/C.6/W.2
Page 4
However, the Economic and Employment Commission which is now in
session at Lake-Success, is devoting a. substantial part of its agenda
to the question related to economic development. The Commission will
consider, not only its own activities in that field but also the nature
of work of its sub-commission on Economic Development and the relation
of these activities to those of the Specialized Agencies.
The Commission is likely to complete its session by 1 February,
and one of the outcomes of its activities will be a report to the
Economic and Social Council on the whole question of economic development.
It can be arranged by the members of, the Drafting Committee to see the
report as soon as it is adopted by the Commission.
Furthermore, several Specialized Agencies are participating in the
work of the Economic and Employment Commission.
It is therefore suggested that the Drafting. Committee delay final
consideration of paragraph 3 until the results of the work of the
Economic and Employment Commission are made available.
Article 12
It is felt that paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 are consequences of the
principle, established in paragraph 1 and that the wording in the present
paragraph 3 could be improved. It is suggested that the article be
redrafted as follows:
"Means of Economic Development
Since progressive economic development is dependent on adequate
supplies of capital funds as well as materials, equipment, advanced
technology, trained workers and managerial skill, Members shall:
(a) not impose unreasonable impediments that would present other
Members from obtaining facilities for their economic development;
(b) co-operate within the limits of their power with the
appropriate international organizations of which they are members
in the provision of such facilities; and
/(c) in their E/PC/T/C.6/W.2:
Page 5-;
(c) in their treatment of otheM 1embers, business entities or
ptrsons supplying tre r± with facilities for their industrial and
general economic development not oylv conform to the provisions
of their relevant international obligations now in effect or which
they may undertake, pursuant to Peragraph (5) of Article 66 or
otherwise, but also in general take no unreasonable action
injurious to the interests of such other Members, business
entities or persons.
"i The Organization shall receive from any affectedeMbetor or with
the permission of that Member, from business entities or persons within
stc jurisdiction, complaints that action by another Member is
inconsistent with its obligations under Paragraph 1. In the event of
such complaint, the Organization may, at its discretion, request the
members concerned to enter into consultation with a view to reaching
tuallyal satisfactory. settlement and yae, lend its good offices to
this end."
ti4tcle 13
Since parsgphPas 1 and 2 of the present text of this article
estliabsh principles on which is based the procedure set out in paragprah 3
and with a view to clarifying the text, it is suggested that the article
might be presented as follows:
"Govmeeental Assistance to Econcmic Develomont
Special governmental assistance may be required in order to promote
the establishment or reconstruction of particular industries; and such
assistance may take the form of protective measures An unwise use of
/ .- :- such protection would impose undueu brdens on the economies of Members
and unwarranted restrictions on international trade and might increase
unnecesslyar the difficulties of adjustment for the economies of other.
countries. Therefore, "
/(a) (ssme as (a)(same.as 3(a) in Charter.Note,.third llne,delete-comma
after! "measures" - . seventh line, delete comma after "Members")
(b) (same as 3(b) in Charter ) .
(cm, ) (se a) s 3(c in Charter. Nfiftt hline, ot, delete "in"
itute "at"2'a".
' shouled bbnoted :hat'cer taiservntions 'reaemade at the First
Session hof rte rPepaatormmiy Cittre arw referredito In paragraphs 3, 4.
and 5 (page 8 off Chapter II of the Repor of" the First Session. |
GATT Library | dq649cn6170 | Secretariat Suggestions in Connection with the Preparation of a Draft Charter by the Drafting Committee (Articles 14, 24, 30, 31, 32, 34, 35 and 38) | United Nations Economic and Social Council, January 21, 1947 | United Nations. Economic and Social Council and Preparatory Commission of the Conference on Trade and Employment Drafting Committee | 21/01/1947 | official documents | E/PC/T/C.6/W.8 and E/PC/T/C.6/W/1-25 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/dq649cn6170 | dq649cn6170_90230208.xml | GATT_155 | 886 | 5,691 | United Nations
Nations Unies
E/PC/T/C .6/W.8
ECONOMIC CONSEIL 21 January 1947
AND ECONOMIQUE ORIGINAL: ENGLI
SOCIAL COUNCIL ET SOCIAL
DRAFTING COMMITTEE OF THE
PREPARATORY COMMITTEE OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
ON TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT
SECRETARIAT SUGGESTIONS IN CONNECTION WITH THE PREPARATION
OF A DRAFT CHARTER BY THE DRAFTING COMMITTEE
(Articles 14, 24, 30, 31, 32, 34, 35 and 38)
The Secretariat - submits herewith certain observations on Articles 14,
24, 30, 31, 32, 34, 35 and 38 that, it is hoped, will be of assistance
to the Drafting Committee in the preparation of a Draft Charter for
submission to the Second Session of the Preparatory Committee of the
International Conference on Trade and Employment. -
On the assumgtion that the Dele~ations will employ the Report of the
First Session ofmmhe Preparatory Cownittee as theiumbasic working doctrent,
referwnce s in this text .illbe Repe mainly tw the Be ort. The -ord
"Charter" used alone will refer to the appendix to that Report.
CHAPMB V
GPAL;I CL4OFICY
A4rticle 1
Paragraph 2 a (ii), - 5" lines :
Since paragraph (ii) refers only to the territoriesBb of theritish
Comolth of Nationcs (Cf. Anexure A, page 4 1),-.it pears that the
sentence startingE '"ach Membesr" hd oulbev gien as a new pgararaph
numbered, .:(thout indentation) so as .t m,oa it clear that it doe8s
~t foqm [art of (~i).
One country (Australia) suggested a special interpretation of
Article 14:2 (see Part II, page 9 of the Report, sub-paragraph viii, and
also Document E/PC/T/C.II/33).
/I p a s ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/ixt aper
SE E/PC/T/C. 6W.8
Page 2
it appears that antidumping and countervailing duties which (with
certain restrictions) are sanctioned under Article 17, are not compatible
v/ith Article 14 as drafted. It may be necessary to add in Article 14 the
following words (after "kind'" on line 2):
",other than antidumping and countervailing duties dealt with
in Article 17,". -
(It is proposed to raiae this point also with the Technicalomm Sub-Cittee.)
Alternatively, it might be possible to start Article 17 with a new
paragraph, indicating that the use of antidumping and countervailing duties
is permissible under the conditions s et outin the following fiaghhve praphs.
Article 24
Paragraph 1:
Reference should be made to Part II (page 10, paragraph (ii) and (iii)
at the top of the left-hand column) concerning suggestions made by the
delegations of two countries (Inudia, Cba).
apPara l1: (b):
Reference should be made toII Part (page 10, paragraph c d(i) an also
to Document E/PC/T/C.II/65, pages 5 and 6), accordiwng to hich three
delegates (those for Austraelia, Nw Zealand and the Union of South Africa)
thotht that the rule about reduction in margins of preferences should not
operate automatically.
Article 30
Parag1raph , line 4:
"which" may be changed to "that" (refers to subsidy and. not to product),
and the precemdimngcorma be deleted. -
Paragraph 2 and 3:
Each of these two paragraphs contains twice the expression "like products".
Reference should be made to Part II (page 16 of the Report, paragraph vii)
according to which words such asi "the like and, smilar product" may be
cDonsidered by the rafting Committee. (See alsoC.c Document E/PC/TII and
1'PV/1, pae 1 40)
/Pareqrh E/PC/T/C.6/W.8
Pag~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ac, e 3
nn morounssgp ragraphew vording of the first n lies of thi Pa H
=ebe considered:
m"If a system ffor the stabilization of the doestio price o a
pr~a podt sometimes results in the eale ofthat product
for eraxlport at ahja pdrice lower than the compabe pricecrge
for the Ilike pro,duct to bu rs in the domestic market this.
fact ms be determined by the Organization not to imply that
the export is subsidized under the terms of".
Attentionnumbhould be paid onsto the ccnsiderable mber of suggesti
and points raised by varioW elegates with reference to subsidies
(of. Part I8mo 16 a 17).
Article 31
Param' 1. lies 5 - 7:
The question of t1 tvophrases in brackets is explained in Part II
(page 17, paragraph la (ii) of ihe Report) and also :n Document
MAC/T/C II/ST/PV/6:
Article 32
Paragaph 3, line 2:
"for" to be replaced by "to"
Article 38
Reference should be made to Part II (parge 11, paagraph 5 (c) in
the right-mnband colu according to whichg two dBeleates (razil, Lebanon)
reserved themelves with regard to the wording of this Article. Both
reservations were dirensacted agat the proviersion rending the
establishment of new pre arrangementsgferentia subject too the apprval
rgby the enization in accordance with Article 66:2..
Article 34
22, &Egam:
Pragraph 2, line 5: 3. . :
2"e w"od 'he'to be deleted.
raph j/ara~, li1ne 31 E/PC/T/C.6/W.8
Page 4
Paragraph 2, line 11:
"If agreement" should start a new paragraph.
Paragraph 2, line 15:
The word "other" to be deleted.
Reference should be made to Part II (page 10, last paragraph in
right-hand column) according to which two delegates (those for Chile and
Cube) questioned the desirability of permitting action under the Article
without prior consultation.
Article 35
Paragraph 1, line 5:
It has been suggested informally by one delegation that the words
"antidumping and countervailing duties" be added after "formalities,".
It appears from the last few words of this paragraph that such an
addition does not add anything to the substance of this paragraph; the
addition serves only to amplify the enumeration given.
- - - - - - |
GATT Library | mz229ry9507 | Secretariat Suggestions in Connection with the Preparation of a Draft Charter by the Drafting Committee (Articles 25, 26, 27, 28 and 29) | United Nations Economic and Social Council, January 23, 1947 | United Nations. Economic and Social Council and Preparatory Commission of the Conference on Trade and Employment Drafting Committee | 23/01/1947 | official documents | E/PC/T/C.6/W.17 and E/PC/T/C.6/W/1-25 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/mz229ry9507 | mz229ry9507_90230217.xml | GATT_155 | 738 | 4,942 | United Nations Nations Unies RESTRICTED
ECONOMIC CONSEIL E/PC/T/C.6/W.17
AND ECONOMIQUE 23 Januuary 1947
SOCIAL COUNCIL ET SOC IAL ORIGINAL:ENLISH
DRAFTING COMMITTEE OF THE PREPARATORY COMMITTEE OF THE
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT ' -i
XUGGERIZA StIC CONNEC ION WITH TH PRE ARA ION E P~T
"H RRERAFT'CEEABT BY TH DRMMTING CO~AITEE
( 25,c-l27, 26,dr )8 an, 29
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.
The Secretrriat submvts herewith certain obser%ations on Articles
25, 20,_ , 28 and 29 t It is hoped, will be of assistance to the
Drafting Committee in thearpreparation of a Draft Chxter for submission
to the Second Scsmsionof theIreparatory Comittee of the International
Conference on Trade and Employment.
On the assumptwon thatAthe DelRgatitns vill employ the Beporb of
the First.-Sessimon of the Preparatory Comittee as their basic working
document, reference in this text wilI betmade mainly to the Repor#. The
wwrd 'Charter" used alone vill refer to the appendix to that Report.
Article 25
ParE~raph I, Lines 2 3
."theIr .eternal financial position and as a step towards the
um.storation f equilibri=U" From the remainder of the paragraph
appears that "financial positiexc angers to foreign 0--ohgm holdings and-
"equilibrium-tI bal,nc, of paymentw. -s so the following vordt
ay-be consideredd inheir foreagn exchange position end as a step
t ardV the.resum S ioneir ealilibrii-in thlor-b ,ofce of payments,"
Lub-Paragranb2 (a) .ine:4 - , . -
For clarton, the ord "monetary" may be added before "reserves".
It is suggested that the passage starting "Provided that
restrictions... Vter sub-paragraph 2 (a) (iii) be incorporated.in
that sub-paragraph and changed as follows:
/"Provided E/PC/T/C.6/W.l7
Page 2
"Prdnvided that such restrictions may be imposed" etc.
It is also suggested that the words "Provided that this period"
etc., be given not as a separate paragraph but added immediately
after "1 July l949".
Sub-Paragraph2 (e) ..
Cf. Paii,paget1 ,l2Alefthand cmn,n,a pgraQra(h Cchile&1e
and China proposed that the exception under paragraph 2 (e) should
not be confined to agricultural and fisheries products; Norway
considered it should cover only agricultural products.
> . . .. . .. . . . . .
Also page 12, paragraph (h): tho Netherlands and India suggested
that the words "for instance" be added after "domestic product"' in
sub-paraaph 2 (e) (ii).
Sumgsted New &ceptions Under Sub-Parairaph 2 (e)
~~~~~~~,-. Far .II......
Cf. Faxt II, page 12, paragraph C ) and (k): Brazil suggested
use of auantitative restrictions "to prevent sudden and intermittent
dvlptts" and "for the preservation of scarce natural resources".
With regard to the last--nticned exception, it vasarreed in London
"tmat the point miGht usefully be further examined at the Second Session
of the Prepaoatory Committee".
Also page 12, paragraph (m) concerning a sugGesticn by India (and,
it appears, some other countries) that countries be allowed to use q.r.
for the purpose of economic development.
Sub-Paragraph 2 (f)
Cf. Part II, page 12, left-hand coli-n, paragraph (g) China
wished, to delete, and India and the Netherlands to modify- the last
heree-sentences (fromrMreover"t of this sub-paragraph. @ printed
Report wrongly indicates 2 (c) instead of 2 ()
/Sub-_sragraph E/Pc/T/C.6/VW. 17
Page 3
Sub-Paragraph 2 (f), Suggestion by the Secretariat
It may be useful to move the three last sentences (from "Moreover")
to sub-peragrapb2. (e). For this purpose, (i) and (ii) under
sub-paragraph 2 (e) would have to be reversed (that is, the present (i)
would become (ii)) and the initial words of the sentences slightly changed.
Subparngraph 2 (e) (ii) would then end: "... marketed or produced.
However, any such restrictions shall not be such .. such consultations."
Article 26
Paragraph 3 (a), Line 7
"its" may be changed to "the Member's".
Cf. Part II, page 14, paragraph (v): China suggested other wording
of Article 26 permitting wider use of g.r. for balance of payments purposes
and elimination of the provision for complaints etc.
Article 27
Paragraph 4, Line 2
For clarity, the words "of this Article" may be added after "2 (d) ".
Article 28
Paragraph 1, Line 1
It appears that "this Section" may be changed to "Article 27".
Paragraph 1, Last Sub-Paragraph ("Provided that a Member" etc.)
It appears that this proviso should be Incorporated in sub-paragraph
(iv) and not start on a fresh line.
Paragraph 2. Line 3 from end
It nay be useful to put semi-colon after "Article 26" and delete
the following "and".
Paragraph 2, Line 6
"inconsistent with the exceptions provided under " could perhaps
be chanted to "inconsistent with the provisions of paragraph 1 of". |
GATT Library | nj939pm5748 | Section (a) Summary Record of the Ninth Meeting : Held at the Capitol, Havana, Cuba, on 12 December 1947 at 4.00 p.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 12, 1947 | Third Committee: Commercial Policy | 12/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.3/SR.9 and E/CONF.2/C.3/SR.1-16 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/nj939pm5748 | nj939pm5748_90190224.xml | GATT_155 | 2,954 | 19,166 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF. 2/C .3/SR . 9
ON DU 12 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
THIRD COMMITTE: COMMERCIAL POLICY
SECTION (a)
SUMMARY RECORD OF THE NINTH MEETING
Held at the Capitol, Havana, Cuba, on 12 December 1947 at 4.00 p.m.
Chairman: Mr. F. L. WILGRESS (Canada)
1: CONTINUATION OF DEBATE ON ARTICLE 17 (First Reading)
Mr. D'ASCOLI (Venezuela) stated that the debate had centred on two
categories of amendments to Article 17, namely (1) those which limited the
action of ITO to initiate tariff negotiations; and (2) those which aimed
at preserving the right of Member States to adjust their respective oustoms
tariff's.
Both groups of amendments had originated from the same preoccupation,
e.g., that countries might not be free to refuse negotiating on certain
articles in which they had a special interest, He felt that agreement
could be reached by embodying in the Chapter the principle that the
obligation to lower tariffs would not hinder the right of young countries
to safeguard their incipient industrial development by protective duties.
Industrial development of underdeveloped countries would redound to the
benefit of the more highly industrialized nations, since their purchasing
power would be increased and would provide larger world markets.
He quoted import statistics of certain countries, including Argentina,
Australia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay, etc. to
prove that the industrialization of underdeveloped countries was aIways
accompanied by a corresponding increased of imports.
Mr. BRIGNOLI (Argentina) considered that the arguments of the
representative of Venezuela were conclusive. The purpose of the'amendment
to paragraph 1of Article 17 (document 1l/Add.3) submitted by the
Argentine delegation was to strengthen the rights of Member States. He
believed that the principle would be endangered if negotiations for the
purpose of lowering tariffs and eliminating preferences were to be opened
at the request of the Organization; the imperative aspects of paragraph 1
of Article 17 should be removed.
/Mr. COOMBS E/CONF, 2/C .3 /SR,9
Page2
Mr. COOMBS (Australia) felt more and more convinced that the Article
failed to specify in detail a number of matters which were perfectly
clear to the countries represented at Geneva. There, it had been decided.
to avoid laying down precise rules regarding the conduct of negotiations
and. to allow them to be shaped by practical experience. This experience
had since been gained and the results could now be incorporated in greater
detail. For instance, it could be specified that negotiations could be
conducted on an item-by-item basis, and that each country was free to
reserve items in which it had a particular interest, from the negotiation,
provided a reasonable contribution was made to the reduction of tariffs.
The only standard laid down in the text, by which any contribution could
be assessed was in the second sentence of paragraph 2, and this, being
very general, permitted the Organization to take all relevant factors into
account. However, there was room for greater clarity and precision.
Article 17 could be improved by stating that negotiations would be
conducted on a selective basis and by elaborating the criteria by which
individual contributions were to be judged. He thought that the Sub-
Committee should examine the points of view expressed in the debate on the
precise degree of obligation covered by the Article.
Mr. GOMEZ (Brazil) believed that certain drafting changes were
essential, and his delegation would reserve their position until the final
discussion of the Article.
Mr. MUILLER (Chile) explained that the purpose of his delegation's
amendment was due to the necessity for some clarification concerning the
refusal of a country to grant the reductions established under Article 17.
A contradiction existed between the obligation to conduct negotiations
for tariff reductions and the sanctions imposed under Article 17. Clear
and precise wording should be found to cover the criteria on which sanctions
were to be based.
Mr. LLERAS (Colombia) thanked the Australian representative for his
suggested compromise solution, which he felt would be satisfactory to
the authors of the amendments.
The Australian representative had made it clear that due regard would
be paid to the economic position of underdeveloped countries including
the question of the balance of payments.
His delegation would not insist on their amendment dealing with
monetary depreciation, if it were clearly admitted that in cases of
currency depreciation a given country would be free to read just its
tariffs, and that the diminished incidence which would automatically
/follow from E/CONF. 2/C,3/SR.9
Page 3
follow from such,depreciation ,would constitute a tariff reduction.
Mr. COREA (Ceylon) stated that the amendment introduced by his
delegation had been clarified by the clear statement of the representative
of Australia. He wished however to have it confirmed :that if refusal, to
negotiate was, based on the fiscal nature of customs duties, it should not be
considered a. yalid reason for refusal by another party to negotiate. It must
be recognized that no reduction of duties could be considered which were
essentially of a fiscal nature, on which a country relied for its: revenue
and for purpose of economic development. He suggested, the addition,of a
paragraph to Article 17 which would make allowance for the nature of the
reasons why negotiations were refused. A country should not be penalized by
failure to reduce fiscal tariffs .
Mr. ALAMILA (Cuba) pointed out a typographical error in the amendment
submitted by his delegation (document C.3/1/Add.3), namely that the word.
"change" should be substituted for "exchange" in the thlrd line. The
amendments was based on the text of the second paragraph of the footnote
appearing on page 18 of the Geneva draft. His delegetion thought it necesarry
to state that agreement on tariff reductions should not affect any. previous
commitments except with the consent of the. parties. concerned, since, otherwise
the Article might be construed as an acceptance by all parties of the
annulmant of all former commitments. It was universaly recognized that
international comitments could not be modified without the consent of the
contracting parties.
Mr. SUETENS (Belgium) supported the suggestion of the Australian ,
representative. If more rules on the conduct of negotiations for tariff.
reductions were required., he hoped that they would be drafted in the proper
manner. Larochefoucauld had said that "man make promises in accordance with
their hopes and keep their promises in accordance with their fears ." The
text should, be so drafted that the same spirit which had prevailed at, the
time of drafting, would also prevail in its application.
Mr. DOMOND (Eaiti) explained that his amendMent would clarify the right
of states to initiate negotiations, and supported the representative of
Ceylon rewarding the right of a state to seek concessions even though it
night not itself grant tariff reductions, particularly on tariffs Which
were a source of fiscal revenue. .
Mr. HAIDER (Iraq) expressed his satisfaction with the, statements of
members who had taken part in the work at Geneva to the effect that the
precedents established there would be applicable to future negotiation
He could not agree with the representative of France that all preference,
new and old, should be eliminated, nor with the representative of Switzerland
/that no preferences E/C0NF . 2/C .3/SR . 9
Page 4
. that no preferences could be beneficial for development or expansion of
world trade. Preferences for development or customs unions should be
considered on the same basis as fiscal or protective tariffs. The first
sentence of Article 17 was restricted to those preferences enumerated in
Article 16 (2); the preferences in Articles 15 and 42, therefore, were not
subject to negotiation. It would be a contradiction to encourage preferences
for development and at the same time to provide for their elimination.
Mr. LAMVELT (Netherlands) said that the countries which had drafted
Article 17 and which represented 75 per cent of the world's trade had come
to the conclusion that preferences should be eliminated because they were
discriminatory and detrimental to world trade. With this the Netherlands
agreed and would continue to work toward that end. Many preferences had
already been abolished and the Benelux countries were prepared to renew their
attack on the remaining ones.
Benelux believed in low tariffs and their own tariff was among the
lowest in the world. The doubts expressed by some delegates about
sub-paragraph (b) which spoke of low and high tariffs were not justified;,
every country knew in which category it belonged.
The Netherlands could accept the present text of Article 17; it would
carefully watch any changes made.
Mr.MELANDER(Norway) was in general agreement with the statement of
the representative of Australia that some points could be clarified without
altering the substance. His amendment was a proposal to include the note
in the Geneva text as a new sub-paragraph of Article 17, in conformity with
the rule on interpretative notes made by the General Committee; it stated
that countries were free to conclude bilateral tariff negotiations. This
would cover the point made in the first part of the amendment of Uruguay.
Mr. ILORENTE (Philippines) likewise agreed with the text of Article 17,
and With the statements of the representatives of Australia and Colombia.
As had been observed by the representative of China, Article 17 did not
provide a time limit for the termination of preferences referred to in
Article 16 (2) and they might therefore become permanent. In order to make
the paragraph more flexible, he suggested the insertion of the word "gradual"
before "elimination." The preferences in existence between the Philippines
and the United States could not be immediately eliminated without
disastrous results.
Be stressed that the reduction of tariffs should be applicable rather
to high tariffs than to tariffs designed for revenue purposes or as a
protection of industries covered by Articles 13 and 40.
/Mr. RYDER E/CONF . 2/C .3/SR. 9
Page 5
Mr. RYDER (United States of America) stated that the requirement of
negotiations looking toward the substantial reduction of tariffs and
elimination of preferences was a fundamental feature of the Charter and that
his delegation would oppose any effort to do away with it; the intention
had always been that the negotiation would be on a selective basis, as could
be seen by the First Report of the Preparatory Committee and the negotiations
in Geneva; his delegation had no objection to amendments leading to a
clarification of the intent of the text provided the substance would not
be altered.
The CHAIRMAN suggested the following terms of reference for the
sub-committee: to examine the proposals and amendments relative to
Articles 16 and 17 (other than those relating to paragraphs 2 and 3 of
Article 16 which are to be referred to the joint sub-committee of Committees
II and III) with a view to reaching agreement on a text to be recommended
to the Committee.
Replying to a question by D'ASCOLI (Venezuela), the CHAIRMAN started
that the amendment submitted by Venezuela would be referred to the
sub-committee set up to study Articles 16 and 17; if the sub-committee found
it more appropriate that it be studied under another Article, it would so
report to the Committee.
The terms of reference were approved.
The CHAIRMAN suggested the following representation in the sub-committee:
Australia, China, Colombia, Cuba, Denmark, France, Netherlands, New Zealand,
Peru, United Kingdom, United States of Anmrica, Uruguay.
Mr.D'ASCOLI (Venezuela) thought a country of the Near East might be
represented and upon the suggestion of Mr. ENTEZAM (Iran) Turkey was added.
The composition of the sub-committee was approved.
Mr. AUGENTHALER (Czechoslovakia) supported the proposal of the
representative of Norway that a statement should be included in Article 17
to the effect that countries should be free to conduct bilateral negotiations
tending to reduction of customs tariffs; and also supported the amendments
tending to include the provision that a country whose currency was
depreciated should be allowed to raise its customs duties. The latter was
included in the original London report but the provision in the General
Agreement was not so far reaching.
There were two kinds of depreciation: one which was the last result of
an inflation, and one that was put into effect to stop the deflationary
process. The sub-committee should take this matter into consideration.
/Mr. LAROSA (Italy) E/CONF. 2/C .3/SR. 9
Page 6
Mr. LAROSA (Italy) reserved the right of his country to establish new
customs tariff to replace the present one, which dated back to 1922. A new
tariff was being worked on and would be established shortly on the lines of
the recommendations made by the League of nations.
Mr. BLUSZTAJN (Poland) asked that the subcommittee should consider the
situation of countries devastasted by the war, and allow them to make
certain changes necessary because of the disruption in their economic
structure. Some of those countries had temporarily suspended their customs
duties in order to facilitate imports. Some were members of the International
Monetary Fund, which had allowed them to delay notification of their initial
parity, and their currencies were inconvertible. The sub-committee should
take account of these special cases, and an adjustment of their tariffs should
be permitted.
There being no comments to paragraphs 2 and 3, the CHAIRMAN considered
the first reading of Article 17 concluded.
ARTICLE 18 (First Reading)
The CHAIRMAN suggested that the order outlined in the Agenda
(E/CONF.2/C.3/13) be followed.
Mr. LLERAS (Colombia) was in complete agreement Fith the principles
of Article 18. His amendment was submitted to facilitate the transition of
his country from its present situation to a non-discriminatory system
envisaged in the Charter. The reduction and abolition of internal taxes
levied on imports must be a gradual process, The text should be clarified
by specifying "internal charges of any kind other than those existing at
present."
Mr. TINOCO (Costa Rica) explained that his amendment was intended to
permit the adjustment of ad-valorem tariffs in the event of currency
depreciation.
Mr. SEACKLE (united kingdom ) stated that his amendment was to ensure the
true intent of the Article; imported goods should not be subjected, even
indirectly, to higher taxes than like goods domestically produced.
Mr.AUGENTZAGER (Czechoslovakia) supported the amendment of the
United Kingdom. Replying to the representative of Costa Rica, he stated
Article 18 did not prevent a country from raisings its internal taxes. The
rule was only that there a should be no discrimination between goods of
domestic and foreign origin.
Mr. DJEBBAPA (Syria) stated that the phraseology of Article 18 as to
like or substitutable products might lead to dangerous interpretations.
His amendment specified that products in respect to which concessions had
been granted, should be exempt from new internal taxation. Other items
/should be treated E/CONF.2/C. 3/SR.9
Page 7
should be treated in the same way as was the case in respect to customs
tariffs.
The CHAIRMAN felt that the principle embodied in Article 18 was that.
domestic industries should not be protected by means of internal taxation.
The proposal of Syria and Lebanon, therefore, would change the fundamental
principle contained in that Article.
Mr. CHANG (China) maintained his governmentts earlier reservation to
delete the second and third sentences of paragraph 1, Article 18. If the
purpose of those sentences was to safeguard concessions, other provisions
existed in the Charter, particularly Article 89, to cover possible evasions.
Mr. McCARTHY (Ireland) stated that the purpose of his amendments was to
take account of the practice in his country. One aimed at introducing the
principle of negotiation to paragraph 1, Article 18; and the intent of the
amendment to paragraph 3 was to permit mixing regulations at present in force
in his country.
Mr. SAHLIN (Sweden) stated that Sweden had a long-range agricultural
programme not intended to 'lead to expansion at the expense of imports.
For technical reasons the provision for subsidies could not be fully
utilized; it was necessary to regulate imports by duties, in some cases
by quantitative restrictions. The stress of the second sentence of
paragraph 1 should be on domestic production irrespective of the degree of
foreign material entering into that production; the amendment to that
sentence was a drafting change.
Mr. COREA (Ceylon) said that his attitude toward Article 18 depended upon
the action taken in regard to Articles 13 and 20. He thought the second part
of paragraph 1 of Article 18 completely negated the intent of the first part,
in that it seemed to discriminate in favour of substantial domestic
industry.
Mr. RYDER (United States of Ameri ca) thought a wrong interpretation
had been placed on that part of pararbaph 1. This actually was of great
importance to countries producing raw materials: substantial producers
could not put an internal tax on en imported similar product without also
putting the same tax on its product. In reply to a question by Mr. CHANG
(China), Mr. Ryder stated that if, for instance, synthetic rubber were not.
produced in substantial quantity, a country could not put a tax on imported
natural rubber in order to help build up a synthetic rubber industry.
Mr. CORE (Ceylon) asked whether that meant that in the case of
vegetable oils, if an existing internal tax on imports were to be
maintained, a similar tax would have to be enforced on the internal production,
to which Mr. RYDER (United States of America) replied in the affirmative.
/Mr. Corea did not E/CONF. 2/C.3/SR.9
Page8
Mr. Corea did not feel that this entirely clarified his point as to
discrimination Im favour of substantial production.
Mr. GONZALEZ (Uruguay) started that the amendments proposed by
Colombia, Ireland, Lebanon end Syria, and Uruguay were justified since any
reduction or any special treatment applied to internal taxation should be
the object of negotiation.
Mr. ROYER (France) supported the amendment of the representative of
China to delete the second part of paragraph 1 of Article 18.
The meeting rose at 7.20 p.m. |
GATT Library | yy929cc2591 | Service statistique | United Nations Economic and Social Council, April 14, 1947 | United Nations. Economic and Social Council and Seconde Session de la Commission Préparatoire de la Conférence du Commerce et de L'emploi de L'organisation des Nations Unies | 14/04/1947 | official documents | E/PC/T/INF/18 and E/PC/T/INF/1-22/REV. 1 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/yy929cc2591 | yy929cc2591_90200438.xml | GATT_155 | 223 | 1,581 | UNRESTRICTED UNITED NATIONS NATIONS UNIES
ECONOMIC CONSEIL E/PC/T/INF/18
AND ECONOMIQUE 14 avril 1947
SOCIAL COUNCIL ET SOCIAL
SECONDE SESSION DE LA COMMISSION PREPARATOIRE
DE LA CONFERENCE DU COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI
DE L'ORGANISATION DES NATIONS UNIES
SERVICE STATISTIQUE
Il est porté à la connaissance des Délégations que le Se-
crétariat a organisé un Service statistique pour les questions
qui doivent être examinées au caurs de la présente session.
Ce service dispose des ressources da la Bibliothèque des N
tions Unies, et sera à la disposition des délégations pour effec-
tuer des travaux de recherches et d'interprépation de renseigns-
ments concarnant:
1. La production des principles matières pramières et denrées
alimentaires;
2. La production industrielle;
3. Le commerce des différents pays par marchandises et selon
l'orientation des échanges;
4. La liste tarifaire;
5. Les transports;
6. Les prix de gros des principales marchandises;
7. La balance des paiements de certains pays;
8. Le revenu national de certains pays;
9. L'emploi et la chômage;
10. Les salaires;
11. Les cours de change;
12. Les chiffres de la population;
13. La densité de la population;
14. Tous autnes renseignements statistiques de base, provenant
de publications nationales et internationales.
Les Délégations sont priées de s'adresser, pour tous ren-
seignements concernant ce Service, à :
Miss D.P. Exlinger
M. G. Guillermin
M.E. Stadlin
Bureau 2i-0; Téléphone 2245-2246.
P.T.O. |
GATT Library | xq173yy5274 | Seventh Meeting : Held at the Capitol, Havana, Cuba, Saturday, 27 December 1947, 4.00 p.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 27, 1947 | Joint Sub-Committee of Committees II and VI | 27/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.26/A/W.4, E/CONF.2/C.2/D/W.1-3, C.23/A/W.1-3, and C.26/A/W.1-29 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/xq173yy5274 | xq173yy5274_90180359.xml | GATT_155 | 187 | 1,323 | RESTRICTED
United Nations Nations Unies E/CONF.2/C.2 & 6/
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE 27 December 1947
ON DU ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
JOINT SUB-COMMITTEE OF COMMITTEES II AND VI
SEVENTH MEETING
Held at the Capitol, Havana, Cuba,
Saturday, 27 December 1947, 4.00 p.m.
Chairman: Mr. H. C . COOMBS (Australia)
.1. The draft report of the Joint Sub-Committee on the Mexican
Amendment to Article 9 was approved.
2. Paragraph 3 of new Article 12A proposed by the Colombian delegation
was further discussed.
3. The principle of the paragraph was generally approved but there
was disagreement as to whether the principle was already embodied
in the Charter or whether it would be necessary to insert a new clause.
It was decided that at its next meeting the Joint Sub-Committee would
consider:
(a) written proposals by the delegates for Australia, China
and Mexico as to the place in the Charter where an additional
clause should be inserted.
(b) the suggestion made by the United States delegate that,
if it were neceseary to include an. additional clause, then
the question should be referred to Committee VI. |
GATT Library | ht816gz8386 | Short biography of the Hon. John J. Dedman M.P. Minister for Defence, Minister for Post-War reconstroution and Minister-in-Charge of Council for Scientific and Industral Research Commonwealth Government of Australia | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, November 27, 1947 | Department of Public Information Havana, Cuba and United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment | 27/11/1947 | press releases | PRESS RELEASE ITO/51 and ITO/48-73 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/ht816gz8386 | ht816gz8386_90200344.xml | GATT_155 | 208 | 1,365 | UNITED NATIONS COFERENCE ON TRADE AND EMPLOYMET
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC INFORMATION
HAVAN, CUBA
PRESS RELEASE ITO/51
27 November 1947
SHORT BIOGRAPHY OF THE HON. JOHN J. DEDMAN M.P.
MINISTER FOR DEFENCE, MINISTER FOR POST-WAR RECONSTROUTION
AND MINISTER-in-charge OF COUNCIL FOR SCIENTIFIC AND
INDUSTRAL RESEARCH COMNONWEALTH GOVERNMENT OF AUSTRALIA.
Mr, John J. Dedman was born in Penringghame, Scotland, on
2 June, 1896. He studied engineering at the Edinburgh University
and enlisted in the 1st World war in 1915, and after being
wounded in Egypt returned to England in 1916. After serving in
France he joined the Indian Army in 1917 - obtaining the rank of
Captain. He was engaged in the Afganistan war and was
responsible for inventing a hand grenade.
Mr, Dedman went to Australia in 1922 and was elected to
the Comonwealth Parliament in 1940. In 1941 he was appointed
to Cabinet as Minister for War Organisation of Industry and
Minister-in-charge of the Council for Scientific and Industrial
Research. He was also a member of war Cabinet, Full Cabinet and
Chairman of Production Executive. In 1946 Mr. Dedman was again
appointed to the Cabinet as Minister for Post-War Reconstruction,
Minister for Defence, and Minister-in-charge of the Council for
Scientific and Industrial Research, which portfolios he now holas |
GATT Library | wd692wf0089 | Sixth and Seventh Meetings, 28 and 29 January 1947, 2:45 p.m | United Nations Economic and Social Council, January 30, 1947 | United Nations. Economic and Social Council, Technical Sub-Committee, and Preparatory Commission of the Conference on Trade and Employment Drafting Committee | 30/01/1947 | official documents | E/PC/T/C.6/22 and E/PC/T/C.6/21-36/ADD.1 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/wd692wf0089 | wd692wf0089_90230057.xml | GATT_155 | 1,928 | 12,648 | United Nations Nations Unies RESTRICTED
ECONOMIC CONSEIL E/PC/T/C.6/22
AND ECONOMIQUE 30 January 1947
SOCIAL COUNCIL ET SOCIAL ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
TECHNICAL SUB-COMMITTEE
DRAFTING COMMITTEE OF THEE PREPARATORY COMMITTEE OF THE
UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT
Sixth andSeventh Meetings, 28 and 29 January 1947, 2:45 p.m.
CHAIRMAN: Mr. R. J. Shackle.
The summaries of the fourth and fifth meetings were, considered and
approved. No new changes were introduced. in the text of the Articles
concerned (Nos. 16 and 17), but instructions were given on certain points
concerning the final report of the Sub-Committee on these Articles.
Article 18 was discussed. The text provisionally adopted is shown
below with amendments underscored. The notes initiated by letters under
each paragraph refer to the corresponding items in documents
E/PC/T/C .2/54/Rev.1.
Article 18: Tariff Valuation.
Paragraph 1. "Members undertake to work toward the standard
standardization, insofar as practicable, of definition of value and
on procedures for determining the value of products subject to customs
duties or other charges or restrictions based upon or regulated in
any manner by value. With a view to furthering such co-operation, the
Organization is authorized to investigate and recommend to Members
-such bases and methods for determining the value of products as would
appear the best suited to the-needs of commerce and most capable of
widespread adoption."
(b) Withdrawn
Paragraph 2. -:"The Members recognize the validity of the
following general principles of tariff valuation, and they undertake
/to give effect E/PC/T/C .65/22
Page 2
to give effect to such principles, in respect of all products subject
to duties, charges or regulations based upon value, at the earliest
practicable date. Moreover, they undertake upon request by another
Member to review the operation of any of their laws or regulations
relating to value for duty in the light of these principles. The
Organization is authorized to request from Members reports on steps
taken by them in pursuance of the provision of this paragraph."
The additions to this paragraph were suggested by the United Kingdom
Delegation and approved by the Sub-Committee. It met the points raised
in London with the following exceptions:
(c) (d.) The Delegations of Belgium-Luxemburg, Czechoslovakia, the
Netherlands and. China favour a definite or transitional period for the
coming into force of this paragraph. (Canada withdrew its observation
on this point.)
(2) The basis for determining valuation suggested by the Belgium-
Luxemburg and Netherlands Delegations were considered by the
Sub-Committee too detailed to be included in this paragraph, with the
possible exception of (iv) which was deferred for consideration in
connection with paragraph 2 of Article 21.
Paragraph 2(a) - Alternative I, (U.S. original draft)
"The value for duty purposes of imported products should be based
on the actual value of the kind of imported merchandise on which
duty is assessed or the nearest ascertainable equivalent of such
Value and. should not be based on the value of products of
national Origin or on arbitrary or fictitious valuations."
Paragraph 2(a) - Alternative II (Draft by Canada, after modification).
"The value for duty of imported products should be. based on the
actual value at which, in the ordinary course of trade, the,
identically similar imported merchandise on which duty is assessed
is at the material tine sold or offered for sale in comparable
/quantities E/PC /T/C .6/22
Page 3
quantities and under similar conditions of sale, or the nearest
ascertainable equivalent of such value. 'The value for duty
purposes should not be based on the value of products of national
origin I'mabitr yr or crc:tt.ous valuations."
The Australian and Canadian Delegates both supplied drafts of this
paragraph for consideration., The Australian Delegate withdrew his text
after Canadian text had been modified. Some support to this text was also
given by the Delegates for the United Kingdom, New Zealand and Cuba.
The United States Delegate had been willing to accept certain
modifications in the original text of the U.S. Draft Charter, but pointed
cut that he felt the principles set forth in this text would be acceptable
to most countries, at the same time as they embody provisions that are a
step forward. in tariff valuation. The Canadian draft as modified was
unacceptable to the Delegate for the United States.
The Deleate for France spoke in sympathy with the intention of the
original text of this paragraph as explained by the Delegate for the
United States. However, it was decided to submit both texts for further
consideration in the full Drafting Committee.
The Delegate from Cuba pointed out that the expression "identically
similar" could not be translated literally into Spanish, without becoming
meaningless.
Paragraph 2(b): "The value for duty purposes of any imported product
should not include the amount of any internal tax, applicable within
the country of origin or export from which the imported product has.
been relieved or made exempt."
(b) The Delegate. for the United Kingdom did not insist on the changes
he had suggested in London.
The question whether the words "custom duty or" should be added between
"any" and "internal" in the second line was considered but deferred
for later decision.
/Paragraph 2(c): E/PC/T/C .6/22
Page 4
Paragraph 2(c): "In converting the value of any imported product from
one currency to another for- the purpose. of assessing duty, the rate of
exchange to be used should- be fixed in accordance with prescribed
standards to reflect effectively, the current, value. of each currency in
commercial. transactions, and until the, elimination of dual or multiple
rates of exchange authorized under the, Terms of Agreement of the
International Monetary Fund or in accordance with the special exchange
agreements specified in Article 29 of this Charter, either. one or more
than one legal rate for each dual - or multiple - rate currency may
be so fixed-"
(a) (b) (c) Mr. ESCHER, Representing the International Monetary Fund,
explained the meeting of dual or multiple currency practices. A summary of
his exposition. is given below:
(1) The Agreement of the Fund provides for the determination of par
values of the currency of members. The maximum and minimum rates for
exchange transactions between the currencies of members shall not
differ from parity in the case of spot exchange transactions by more
than one percent up and one percent down, Members of the Fund.
undertake to permit exchange transactions only within the limits Just
mentioned.
(2) -No member is permitted to engage in multiple currency practices
except as expressly. approved by the Fund or authorized under the Fund'
Agreement. .. .- -
( 3) If multiple currency practicesare engaged in by a country at the
date when the Fund Agreement enters into force, the member concerned
shall consult with the o nd as to the progressive removal-f multiple
currency praedctices, unless they are maintain or imposed in the
post-war trAsiticnl. period.ufder Airtcle XIV, Section 2, oZ te
Fund Agzement. ;. . :
.4) Exchange E/PC /T/C. 6/22
Page 5
(4) Exchange restrictions mentioned in Article XI, Section 2, of
the Fund Agreementi .do not include multiple currency practice. The
action of the Fund with reference to these pactices is governed by
Article XIV, 'Section 4, of the Fund Agreement. :
(5) Five years After the date on which theFund has begun operations,
members still retaining.multiple currency practices on the title of
transitional arrangements shall consult with the Fund as to their
further retention;
The CHAIRMAN asked the Representative of the Fund to explain the
situation with reference to countries that would be members of the ITO
but non-members of the Fund. The Representative replied that he assumed
that the special exchange agreements mentioned in Article 29 of the ITO
Charter will regulate this problem probably along the lines of the Fund
Agreement.
The CHAIRMAN, furthermore, asked the Fund Representative to explain
the types -of multiple currency practices prevailing at present.
The Representative. replied that he was not in a position at this time
to give a complete presentation of the multiple currency practices actually
prevailing. He indicated that there are several more or less complex
systems used.
In several cases, various exchange rates are applied with reference to
various groups of imported or exported commodities. If so desired, the
Representative would be prepared be later to give the Sub-Committee a more
complete explanation of the kind of practices prevailing.-
Finally, the Fund Representative, at the request of the CHAIRMAN
explained the provisions of the Fund Agreement with reference to the
relation of members of the Fund with non-members. (Article XI of the Fund
... ., ~. ; ., . ..
Agreemnt). . ... .;* ,
(domm (e) .The.Delegate for France withdrew his -cment, but the
Australian Delegate. still wished all reference to dual or multiple rates
/to be eliminated E/PC/T/C .6/22
Page 6
to be eliminated from this paragraph,
(f) (The Chinese Delegate was not present.)
Paragraph 2(d) "The bases end methods for determining the value of
products subject to duties regulated by value should be stable and
should be given sufficient publicity to enable traders to estimate,
with a reasonable degree.of certainty, the amount of duty likely to
be imposed."
(a) and (b): Both these points were taken into account through the
amendment.
Article 19: Customs Formalities
Paragraph 1. "The Members recognize the principle that subsidiary fees
end charges imposed on or in connection with importation or exportation
should be limited in amount to the approximate cost of services
rendered and should not represent an indirect protection to domestic
products or a taxation of imports or exports for fiscal purposes.
They also recognize the need for reducing the number and diversity of
such subsidiary fees and charges, for minimizing the incidents and
completely of import and export formalities, and for decreasing and
simplifying import end export documentation requirements."
(d) This observation was withdrawn by the Delegate for Belgium.
Paragaph 2: "Members undertake to give effect to the principles and
objectives of Paragraph 1 of this Article at the earliest practicable
date. Moreover, they undertake upon a request by another Member to
review the operation of any of their customs laws and regulations in
the light of these principles. The Organization is authorized to
request from Members reports on steps taken by them in pursuance of
the provisions of this paragraph."
(a), (b): The paragraph was redrafted in the manner suggested by the
United Kingdom Delegate in the case of. paragraph 2 of Article 18
and meets the points raised in these comments.
/Paragraph 3: E/PC/T/C .6/22
Page 7
Paragraph 3: "Except in cases of serious negligence, greater than
nominal penalties over and above the duty properly payable should not
be imposed by any Member in connection with the importation of any
product of any other Member country because of errors in documentation
which are obviously clerical in origin or with regard to which good
faith can be established."
The Delegate for the United States offered to withdraw the last
sentence of the original.text. Water some discussion this was
agreed. With the deletion of this sentence and the two amendments
underscored above, the suggestions or points raised in all the
comments in the London Report were delt with or withdrawn.
Paragraph 4 "The provisions of the Article shall extend to
subsidiary fees, charges, formalities and requirements relating to all
customs matters including:
(a) Consular transactions, such as consular invoices and
certificates;
(b) Quantitative restrictions;
(c) Licensing;
(d) Exchange regulations;
(e) Statistical services;
(f) Documents, documentation and certification;
(g) Analysis and-inspection; and
(h) Quarantine sanitation and fumigation.
At the recomendation of the Delegate for the United States, the
Sub-Committee deleted the words "(plant, animal and human)" in (h) of the
orginal text. |
GATT Library | wb593kp5517 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Addendum to summary record of Third Meeting | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 4, 1947 | 04/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.3/Add.1 and E/CONF.2/C.6/103/ADD.2-112C.6/SR.1-7/CORR.1 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/wb593kp5517 | wb593kp5517_90050061.xml | GATT_155 | 178 | 1,201 | United Nations
CONFERENCE
ON
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT
Nations Unies
CONFERENCE
DU
COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI
UNRESTRICTED.
E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.3/Add.1
4 December 1947
ORIGINAL ENGISHL
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION
ADDENDUM TO SUMMARY RECORD OF THIRD MEETNGI
On page 2, Insert after pargraph, 4, the following two paragraphs:
Mr. VIRATA (Philippines) supporter the Burmese proposal since
it would hasten the progress of emancipation or dependent territories.
The discussion of the question need not be postponed since the
separage customs territories were invited to the Conference in view
of their important contribution to trade, since further, these
territories were autonomous in the conduct of their external
commercial relations, and since finally almost every member of the
Conference expressed sympathy for the equal status of all those
invited to the Conference in the discussion which had taken place
on voting rights.
The CHAIRMAN stated. he did not propose to postpone a decision
in principle since all agreed to that principle, but the consideration
of the final draft of the Burmese proposal as amended by Belgium
would be taken up when the text had been circulated. |
|
GATT Library | xx650pf9720 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Correction to summary record of Thirteenth Meeting (Document E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13) | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 23, 1947 | 23/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13/Corr.4 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/xx650pf9720 | xx650pf9720_90050086.xml | GATT_155 | 224 | 1,583 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRCTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C/6/SR.13/ Corr.4
ON DU 23 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLSH
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION
CORRECTION TO SUMMARY RECORD OF THIRTEENTH MEETING
(DOCUMENT E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13)
Substitute the following correct text for the text attributed to
Mr. KARMARKAR (India) on page 4:
"He recalled that in Geneva this question was considered finally in
the Commission B of that .Conference. It was felt in certain quarters that
after the partition or India it might or might not occupy the position of
sufficient economic importance as to warrant its inclusion in the permanent
seats alloted in the Executive Board under Alternative A.
The India representative on 17 Auguat, that is two days after the
partition, stated that the new Dominion of India as it stood, did continue
to occupy a position of equal economic importance and in recognition of
that fact, and. after full consideration of the position, the relevant
Commission in which this question came up did decide that the Dominion of
India deserved a permanent seat alloted under Alternative A.
He wished to clarify the position for the Members who were not present
in Geneve and he made that statement to make it understood that the Indian
delegation did not accept the validity of the statement which the delegate
of Pakistan made on that subject." |
|
GATT Library | zg971gh3121 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Correction to summary record of Thirteenth Meeting (Document E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13) | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 24, 1947 | 24/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13/Corr.6 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/zg971gh3121 | zg971gh3121_90050088.xml | GATT_155 | 136 | 1,110 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.6/ SR.13/Corr.6
ON DU 24 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ENGLISH: FRENCH ORIGINAL: SPANISH
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION
CORRECTION TO SUMMARY RECORD OF THIRTEENH MEETINGT
(DOCUMENT E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13)
On page 4 substitute the following text for the second paragraph:
"Mr. Garcia SERRATO (Uruguay) agreed, with the representative
of Chile and on behalf of the delegation of Uruguay spoke in
favour or an increase in the number of members of the Executive
SIXTH COMMISSION: ORGANISATION
RECTIFICATIF AU COMPTE RENDU ANALYTIQUE DE IA TREIZIEME SEANCE
( (DOCUMENT E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13)
Page 5, remplaceIr 'avant-dernier paragraphe par le suiva:t
"M. Garcia SERRATO (Uruguay) partage les vues exprieTes par
le représentant du Chili et, au nom de la délégation de lUruguay,
se prononce en faveur d'un élargissement de la composition du
Conseil exécutif." |
|
GATT Library | mr345gh4203 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Correction to summary record of Thirteenth Meeting (Document E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13) | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 22, 1947 | 22/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13/Corr.3 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/mr345gh4203 | mr345gh4203_90050085.xml | GATT_155 | 174 | 1,326 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13 Corr.3
ON DU 22 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ENGLISH -FRENCH ORIGNAL: ENGLISH
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION
CORRECTION TO SUMMARY RECORD OF THIRTEENTH MEETING
(DOCUMENT E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13)
On page 5 substitute the following paragraph for paragraph 5:
"The composition of the Sub-Committee, as proposed by the
CHAIRMAN would include, amongst others, representatives of six
delegations in favour of B, three delegations in favour of C,
and several delegations which were in favour of A or other
alternatives."
SIXIEME COMMISSION : ORGANISATION
CORRECTION AU COMPTE RENDU ANALYTIQUE DE LA TREIZIEME SEANCE
(DOCMENT E/CONF.2/C.6/SM.13)
A la page 7, remplacor le cinquième paragraphe par le texte suivant :
"Selon la proposition du PRESIDENT, la sous-commission
comprendrait, entre autres, des représentants des six délégations
qui se sont prononcées en faveur de la variante B, les représentants
des trois délégations qui so sont prononcées en faveur de la variante C,
et les représentants de plusieurs délégations qui se sont prononcées
en faveur de la variante A ou d'autres solutions. |
|
GATT Library | rh316rt6575 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Correction to summary record of Twelfth Meeting (Document E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.12) | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 24, 1947 | 24/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.12/Corr.1 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/rh316rt6575 | rh316rt6575_90050081.xml | GATT_155 | 225 | 1,607 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.12/
ON DU Corr.1 24 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION
CORRECTION TO SUMMARY RECORD OF TWELFTH MEETING
(DOCUMENT.E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.12)
on page 9 line 13 insert the words "and right" after the word
"opportunity" and replace the rest of the paragraph by the following
sentences:
"The principles of Alternative A and Alternative C were
incompatible with the provisions of the Charter of the
United Nations. The preamble, the Articles 2 and 55 of the
Charter of San Francisco mentioned only the sovereign equality
for all Members small and large. He observed and maintained
that the elections to the Board should be modelled, as a superior
norm, on elections of the Economic and Social Council, as
determined in Article 61 of the United Nations Charter. He
agreed with the representative of Mexico with regard to
the wisdom of the electoral system in the Economic and Social
Council and said that experience showed the wisdom, tact and
the responsibility of small nations in applying such a system.
He pointed out that the question of the composition of the
Executive Directors of the International Bank and the
International Monetary Fund had no relation to the natter
under discussion, since the international community was built
the basis of the principle of juridical equality of nations." |
|
GATT Library | hh876fp3465 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Corrigendum to summary record of Fifth Meeting | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 10, 1947 | 10/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.5/Corr.1 and E/CONF.2/C.6/103/ADD.2-112C.6/SR.1-7/CORR.1 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/hh876fp3465 | hh876fp3465_90050065.xml | GATT_155 | 109 | 735 | United Nations
CONFERECEN
ON
TRADE AND EMPLOMENTY
Nations Unies
CONFERENEC
DU
COMMERC ET DE L'EMPLOI
UNRESTOCTEDR
E/CONF.2/C .6/SR.5/
Corr 2.
10 December 1947
ORIGINAL: ENGLISH.
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATONI
OCRRIGENDUM TO SUMMARY RECORD OF FIFTH MEETNGI
Line 2
After "Article 70" put a full stop.
Lines 2 and 3
For the words "in the light of the assurances of the French delegation"
substitute "His delegation had accepted the Geneva draft of the text because
they shared with the French delegation the view"
Line 4
For the wordes "principles of" substitute "principle underlyin".g
Line 5
For the word "found" substitute "was appreciative of". For the word
"difficulty" substitute difficulties inherent
Page2 |
|
GATT Library | jn268fn6998 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Corrigendum to summary record of Fourteenth Meeting (Document E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.14) | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 29, 1947 | 29/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.14/Corr.2 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/jn268fn6998 | jn268fn6998_90050092.xml | GATT_155 | 246 | 1,727 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.14/
ON DU Corr.2 29 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION
CORRIGENDUM TO SUMMARY RECORD OF FOURTEENTH MEETING
(DOCUMENT E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.14)
On page 2 of document E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.14 substitute the following
paragraph for the remarks made by Mr. Mondello (Italy):
"Mr. MONDELLO (Italy) explained that in view of the doubts
of some countries not represented at the Preparatory Committee
regarding the criteria for the Tariff Committee's decisions and
their revision under Article 89, paragraph (c), his delegation
had suggested an amendment to the text of Article 81. It consisted
of two parts: First, the criterion for the decisions to be
taken by the Tariff Committee, which he suggested to be the principle
of not inflicting an unfair injury in taking decisions according to
Article 17. Although Italy would probably not be affected directly,
it felt that the matter was important to other countries. The
formula suggested was of a general character and similar to that
provided in Article 90, paragraph 4; Article 91, paragraph 4; and
Article 93, Alternative A, paragraph 2. The second part of the
amendment concerns revision by the International Court of Justice
of the Tariff Committee's decisions; it was to make clear, in the
Charter, that should the decisions of the Tariff Committee not be
subject to the revisions of the Conference, they ought, in such a
case, to be at least subject to the Hague Court's revision." ----- |
|
GATT Library | my167nf2643 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Corrigendum to summary record of Fourteenth Meeting (Document E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.14) | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 23, 1947 | 23/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.14/Corr.1 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/my167nf2643 | my167nf2643_90050091.xml | GATT_155 | 134 | 1,060 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.14/
ON DU Corr.1
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI 23 December 1947
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION
CORRIGENDUM TO SUMMARY RECORD OF FOURTEENTH MEETING
(DOCUMENT E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.14)
Substitute the following paragraph for the remarks attributed to
Mr. AUGENTHALER (Czechoslovakia) on page 3 of document E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.14:
"Mr. Augenthaler (Czechoslovakia), while expressing no
definite opinion on the matter, observed that in other provisions
of the Charter there are expressions like "unreasonable" action
on the part of the Governments etc; that is why he sees no special
difficulty to say "unfair" in respect of the Tariff Committee. As
to the Italian amendment in view of the fact that the International
Court deals only with legal questions, while the Tariff Committee
would deal with commercial matters, he preferred the Mexican amendment''.
----- |
|
GATT Library | hq298jf6925 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Corrigendum to summary record of Fourth Meeting | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 7, 1947 | 07/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.4/Corr.1 and E/CONF.2/C.6/103/ADD.2-112C.6/SR.1-7/CORR.1 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/hq298jf6925 | hq298jf6925_90050063.xml | GATT_155 | 0 | 0 | ||
GATT Library | mz252zr0269 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Corrigendum to summary record of Fourth Meeting | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 7, 1947 | 07/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.4/Corr.1 and E/CONF.2/C.6/103/ADD.2-112C.6/SR.1-7/CORR.1 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/mz252zr0269 | mz252zr0269_90050063.xml | GATT_155 | 142 | 1,047 | United Nations .
CONFERENCE
ON
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT
Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.4/
CONFERENCE Corr.1
DU 7 December 1947
COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI NGLISH - FRENCHE
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZAIONT
CORRIGENDUM TO SUMMARY RECORD OF FOURTH MEETNGI
The statement by Mr. Holmes (United Kingdom) on page 4, lines 11-13
should read as follows:
"supported the Netherlands delegation but pointed out that the
qualifications of three autonomous customs territories had already
been examined and the propriety of their admission accepted."
SIXIEME COMMISSION : ORGANISATION
CORRIGENDUM AU COMPTE RENDU ANALYTIQUE
DE LA QUATRIME SEANCE
Remplacar le dernier paragraphe de la page 5 par le texte ci-après :
"M. HOLMES (Royaume-Uni) appuie l'attitude prise par la délégation des
Pays-Bas; 11 signale toutefois que les titres des trois territoires
douaniers autonomes ont déjà été examinés et qu'on a reconnu la légi-
timité de 1' admission de ces territoires." |
|
GATT Library | gk312zw8199 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Corrigendum to summary record of Ninth Meeting | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 18, 1947 | 18/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.9/Corr.2 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/gk312zw8199 | gk312zw8199_90050075.xml | GATT_155 | 100 | 780 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE
E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.9/ Corr.2 18 December 1947
ON DU ENGLISH - FRENCH ORIGIANAL: ENGLISH
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION
CORRIGENDUM TO SUMMARY OF NINTH MEETING
The remarks attributed to Mr. PACHACHI (Iraq) on page 3 of this
document should. be attributed to Mr. ENTEZAM (Iran).
SIXIEME COMMISSION: ORGANISATION
CORRIGENDUM AU COMPTE RENDU
ANALYTIQUE DE LA NEUVIEME SEANCE
Los observations dont lo compte rendu figure au debut de la page 4
.
du document, precite ont éte attribuees à M. PACHACHI (Irak) alors qu'elles
ont été formulées par M. ENTEZAM (Iran). |
|
GATT Library | qc291zq9725 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Corrigendum to summary record of Sixth Meeting held at Havana, Cuba, Saturday, 6 December 1947, at 10.30 a.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 11, 1947 | 11/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.6/Corr.1 and E/CONF.2/C.6/103/ADD.2-112C.6/SR.1-7/CORR.1 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/qc291zq9725 | qc291zq9725_90050067.xml | GATT_155 | 68 | 471 | United Nations
CONFERENCE
ON
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT
Nations Unies
CONFERENCE
DU
COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI
UNRESTRICTED
E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.6/
Corr.1
11 December 1947
ENGLISH ONLY
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION CORRIGENDUM TO SUMMARY RECORD OF SIXTH MEETING
Held at Havana, Cuba, Saturday, 6 December 1947, at 10.30 a.m.
Page 6, paragraph 2, line 5:
Substitute the word "Australia" for the word "he"heu
agraph 2, line 8void "ueo" for the vord."Us"
r th |
|
GATT Library | hb775bj8211 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Corrigendum to summary record of Tenth Meeting (Document E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.10) | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 17, 1947 | 17/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.10/Corr.1 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/hb775bj8211 | hb775bj8211_90050078.xml | GATT_155 | 101 | 729 | United Nations
CONFERENCE
ON
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT
Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
E/CONF.2/C .6/SR.10/
CONFERENCE Corr.1
DU 17 December 1947 ENGLISH - FRENCH
COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION
CORRIGENDUM TO SUMMARY RECORD OF TENTH MEETING
(DOCUMENT E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.10)
Insert the word "various" at the end of the second line of the
statement of Mr.Kojeve (France) at the bottom of page 5.
SIXIEME COMMISSION: ORGANISATION
CORRIGENDUM AU COMPTE RENDU ANALYTIQE DE LA DIXEME SEANCE
(DOCUMENT E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.10)
A la page 7, ajouter le mot "various" à la fin de la deuxième
ligne du compte rendu de la déclaration de M. Kojeve (France). |
|
GATT Library | pk126jq7052 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Corrigendum to summary record of the Ninth Meeting held 12 December 1947 | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 16, 1947 | 16/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.9/Corr.1 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/pk126jq7052 | pk126jq7052_90050074.xml | GATT_155 | 93 | 618 | United Nations
CONFERENCE
ON
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT
Nations Unies
CONFERENCE
DU
COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI
E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.9/
Corr.1
16 December 1947
ENGLISH - FRENCH
ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION
CORRIGENDUM TO SUMMARY RECORD OF THE NINTH MEETING HELD 12 DECEMBER 1947
Page 5
The statement contained in lines 9 -12 inclusive was not made by
Mr. Wunsz King (China).
SIXIEME COMMISSION ORGANISATION
CORRIGENDUM AU COMPTE RENDU ANALYTIQUE DE LA NEUVIEME SEANCE TNEUE LE
12 DECEMBER 1947
La declaration figurant aux lignes 11 à 14 inclus n'a pas ete formiles
par M. Wunsz King (Chine). |
|
GATT Library | vk529sr0262 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Corrigendum to summary record of the Thirteenth Meeting (Document E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13) | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 19, 1947 | 19/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13/Corr.2 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/vk529sr0262 | vk529sr0262_90050084.xml | GATT_155 | 107 | 798 | United Nations
CONFERENCE
ON
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT
Nations Unies
CONFERENCE
DU
COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI
UNRESTRICTED
E/CONF.2/C.6 /SR.13/
Corr.2
19 December 1947
ENGLISH - FRENCH
ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION
CORRIGENDUM TO SUMMARY RECORD OF THE THIRTEENTH MEETING
(DOCUMENT E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13)
The remarks of Mr. KARMARKAR (India) on page 4 of Document
E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13 should be deleted. A summary of Mr. Karmarkar's
statement will be issued at a later date.
SIXIEME COMMISSION: ORGANISATION
CORRIGENDUM AU COMPTE RENDU ANALYTIQUE DE LA TREIZIEME SEANCE
(DOCUMENT E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13)
Supprimer les observations de M. KARMARKER (Inde) à la page 6 du
document E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13. Un résumé de la déclaration de M. karmarker
sera publié ultérisurement. |
|
GATT Library | cy808xq5443 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Corrigendum to summary record of Thirteenth Meeting | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 23, 1947 | 23/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13/Corr.5 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/cy808xq5443 | cy808xq5443_90050087.xml | GATT_155 | 0 | 0 | ||
GATT Library | pn197xd7426 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Corrigendum to summary record of Thirteenth Meeting | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 23, 1947 | 23/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13/Corr.5 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/pn197xd7426 | pn197xd7426_90050087.xml | GATT_155 | 140 | 960 | United Nations
CONFERENCE
ON
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT
Nations Unies
CONFERENCE
DU
COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI
UNRISTRCTED
E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13/
Corr.5
23 December 1947
ENGLISH - FRENCH
ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
.
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION
CORRIGENDUM TO SUMMARY RECORD OF THIRTEENTH MEETIGN
Page 6, lines 3 - 5 should read:
"Mr. Stinebower (United States) reserving his position for
a further reading, nevertheless suggested that if amendment were
to be made along the lines suggested by Cuba, the appropriate word
would. appear to bo 'normally'."
SIXIME COMMISSION: ORGANISATION
CORRIGENDUM AU COMPTE RENDU ANALYTIQUE DE
LA TREIZIEME SEANCE
.
.
Page 8 - Rédiger I'avant-dernier paragraphe come suit :
M. Stinebower (Etats-Unis) reserve sa position Jusqu'à une
nouvelle lecture; il lui semble néammoins que, au cas où 1' on
adopterait un amendement conforme à celui qui a eté proposé par CUBA,
le mot à employer serait "normalement". |
|
GATT Library | sq568rn9557 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Corrigendum to summary record of Thirteenth Meeting | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 19, 1947 | 19/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13/Corr.1 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/sq568rn9557 | sq568rn9557_90050083.xml | GATT_155 | 198 | 1,493 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13 Corr.1 19 December 1947
ON DU ENGLISH - FRENCH
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION
CORRIGENDUM TO SUMMARY RECORD OF THIRTEENTH MEETING
On page 5, paragraph 1, the speech made by Mr. MAUNG (Burma) should
read as follows:
"Mr. MAUNG (Burma) recognized that benefits might accrue from
the continuous representation on the Executive Board of the major
economic powers, but thought this representation should not be
inelastic and should provide for similar association of a State or
group of States which in future might acquire equal or comparable
economic importance.
SIXIEME COMMISSION : ORGANISATION
CORRIGENDUM AU COMPTE RENDU ANALYTIQUE DE LA TREIZIEME SEANCE
A la page 7, paragraphe premier, l'intervention de M. MAUNG (Birmanie)
doit so lire comme suit :
"Mr. MAUNG (Birmanie) reconnaît qu'il pourraity avoir avantage
à ce que les puissances économiques les plus importantes soient
représentées d'une façon continue au Conseil exécutif; il estime
cependant qu'il ne faut pas donner à cette représentation un
caractère trop définitif et qu'il convient de laisser la porte
ouverte aux Etats ou grouped d'Etats qui pourraient acquérir plus
tard une importance économique égale ou comparable." |
|
GATT Library | yw152kx9345 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Corrigendum to summmary record of Sixth Meeting | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 12, 1947 | 12/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.6/Corr.2 and E/CONF.2/C.6/103/ADD.2-112C.6/SR.1-7/CORR.1 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/yw152kx9345 | yw152kx9345_90050068.xml | GATT_155 | 276 | 1,899 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.6/2 Corr. 2
ON DU 12 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ENGLISH - FRENCH
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION
CORRIGENDUM TO SUMMMARY RECORD OF SIXTH MEETING
The following correction should be made in the remarks of Mr. Speekenbrink
Page 1.
Thirds sentece of remarks should read:
"The decision taken by the Econimic and Social Council with respect
to the Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East, and the decision
at the meeting of this Commission in Manila very clearly demonstrated
the pitfalls .... ...."
Last sentence should read:
"He stated that the Netherlands Government fully maintains its
position in this respect, as laid down in his General Statement of
December 1 and his speech in Committee 6 on December 6, and that he
had nothing to add to these previous statements."
SIXTEME COMMISSION : ORGANISATION
CORRIGENDUM AU COMPTE RENDU ANALYTIQUE DE LA SIXIEME SEANCE
Apporter dans le compte rendu de la declaration de M. Speekenbrink (Pays-
Bas) los corrections suivantes:
Pages 1 et 2
Modifier comme suit la troisieme phrase :
"La decision prise par le Conseil economique et social au sujet
de la Commission économique pour l'Asie et l'Extreme-Orient, et les
decisions prises par cette Commission lors de la session qu'elle a
tenue à Manille, montrent très clairement quels sont les obstacles..."
Modifier comme suit la dernière phrase :
"ll declare qu'a cet égard la position du Gouvernement des Pays-.
Bas telle qulill1'a expose dans sa Déclaration générale du 31 décembre
et dans l'expoeT qulil a fait le 6 décembre à la Sixième Commission
reste inchangée, Il n'a rien à ajouter à ses eTclarations peTcédentes." |
|
GATT Library | ry328zs9608 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Corrigendum to the summary record of the Ninth Meeting | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 30, 1947 | 30/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.9/Corr.3 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/ry328zs9608 | ry328zs9608_90050076.xml | GATT_155 | 83 | 606 | United Nations
CONFERENCE
ON
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT
Nations Unies E/CONF.2/C.6/
SR.9/Corr.3
CONFERENCE 30 December 1947
DU ENGLISH - FRENCH
COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
SIXTH COMMITTEE ORGANIZATION
CORRIGENDUM TO THE SUMMARY RECORD OF THE
On page 5, the statement attributed to Mr. W. King (China) was made by
Mr. L. Virata (Philippines).
SIXIEME COMMISSION : ORGANISATION
CORRIGENDUM AU COMPTE RENDU ANALYTIQUE DE LA NEUVIEME SEANCE
Page 6, intervention attribuée à M. W. King (Chine) a été faiet
par M. L. Virata (Philippines). |
|
GATT Library | xg570yk1732 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Corrigendum to the summary record of the Seventh Meeting | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 13, 1947 | 13/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/Corr.2 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/xg570yk1732 | xg570yk1732_90050071.xml | GATT_155 | 0 | 0 | ||
GATT Library | qj854sj4679 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Corrigendum to the summary record of the Seventh Meeting | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 13, 1947 | 13/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/Corr.2 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/qj854sj4679 | qj854sj4679_90050071.xml | GATT_155 | 355 | 2,377 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/ Corr.2
ON DU 13 December 1947 ENGLISH
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL:FRENCH
SIXTH COMMITEE ORGANISATION
CORRIGENDUM TO THE SUMMARY RECORD OF THE SEVENTH MEETING
The following correction should be made in the summary of the speech
made by Mr. ZORLU (Turkey):
Page 2
After the phrase "He shared those views", at the beginning of the
second sentence, replace the present text by the following:
"He drew attention to the technical difficulties of a system of
weighted. voting. Such a system would necessarily be based on
arbitrarily chosen criteria. If due weight were given to the
aims of Article 55, primary consideration would have to be given to
to population figures. This however, would brirg protest from
the rich but thinly populated countries, and if the Conference
tried to find a formula effecting a compromise between the two,
as had been done in the Draft Charter, the basis of such formulas
could only be arbitrary and would always tend to favour one
factor at the expense of the other, causing continual dissatiafaction.
Moreover, the system of weighted voting was based on statistics which
might not be available, or which were not comparable since, in
spite of all attempt, a universal statistical system had yet to
be adopted. Similarly, no single method of calculating national
income had so far been accepted.
Apart from these technical difficulties, the system of
weighted, or "qualified", voting was undemocratic. In domestic
politics, it had been the last refuge of reactionaries and the
aristocraoy and had in its day, been fiercely debated, but now it
was no longer discussed and had given place to the single vote of
democracy. The same was true in the international sphere, where with
the adoption of the United Nations Charter the principle of the
absolute equality of States as regards voting rights had put an end
to all controversy on the subject.
The Turkish delegation considered that the Organization which
the Conference was attempting to set up must not establish a hierarchy
founded on wealth and power, but must instead be based on perfect
equality." |
|
GATT Library | bh039qk2683 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Corrigendum to the summary record of Thirteenth Meeting | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 30, 1947 | 30/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13/Corr.7 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/bh039qk2683 | bh039qk2683_90050089.xml | GATT_155 | 110 | 759 | United Nations
CONFERENCE
.
ON
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT
Nations Unies
CONFERENCE
DU
COMMERCE ET DE LE'EMPLOI
UNRESTRICTED
E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13/
Corr.7
30 December 1947
ENGLISH - FRENCH
ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION
CORRIGENDUM TO THE SUMMARY RECORD OF THIRTEENTHE MEETING
On page 1 of the Summary Rccord, the Thirteenth Meeting delete the
first two line in the statement of Mr. Alaysa (Peru)
SIXTEME COMMISSION : ORGANISATION
CORRIGENDUM AU COMPTE RENDU ANALYTIQUE DE LA TREIZIEME SEANCE
A la page 1 du compte rendu analytique do, la treizième seance,.
supprimer les trois premières lignes de la declaration de M. Alayza à
partir de "s'accorde" Jusqu'à "et il" compris. Supprimer également l'expres-
sion "en outre". |
|
GATT Library | dw103br3101 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Observations by the Delegation of Czechoslovakia to document E/CONF.2/4/Rev.1 | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 31, 1947 | 31/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/4/Rev.1/Add.1 and E/CONF.2/1-8 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/dw103br3101 | dw103br3101_90040017.xml | GATT_155 | 255 | 1,783 | United Nations Nations Unies
RESRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/4/Rev.1/
ON DU Add.1
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI 31 December 1947
ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
SIXTH COMMTTEE: ORGANIZATION
OBSERVATIONS BY THE DELEGATION OF CZECHOSLOVAKIA TO
DOCUMENT E/CONF.2/4/Rev.1
The Czechoslovak delegation wishes to make the following observation
on document C.2/4/Rev.1:
1. As to Czechoslovakia, the figures for 1938 and 1946 are in no way
representative, because in 1938, since May, Czechoslovakia had her
armed forces mobilized and a great part of railway connections were cut;
at the end of 1938 already very important parts of Czechoslovakia were
occupied by the Germans and later by the Hungarians. As to 1946, the
country was still suffering from the consequences of the war and its
transport was only partly re-established.
2. Generally the Czechoslovak delegation would like to point out that,
in its opinion, national income may have very little importance for the
accomplishment of the purposes of the Charter as a whole, because it
could be stressed on the contrary, that accumlated wealth in some
countries is an obstacle to the attainment of the purposes of the
Charter in other countries and that under-development and low income
may be a decisive factor for the operation of the provisions of the
Charter and only if this situation ceases to exist, the Charter can fully
take effect.
3. On the other hand, the dispersion of foreign trade of each
country, which shows how far each country is interested in multilateral
foreign trade based on the principles of the Charter, may be important. |
|
GATT Library | wh835kg0293 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Summary record of Sixth Meeting held at Hayana, Cuba, Saturday, 6 December 1947, at 10.30 a.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 6, 1947 | 06/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.6 and E/CONF.2/C.6/103/ADD.2-112C.6/SR.1-7/CORR.1 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/wh835kg0293 | wh835kg0293_90050066.xml | GATT_155 | 3,581 | 23,328 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.6
ON DU 6 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI
SIXTH COMITTEE: ORGANZATION
SUMMARY RECORD OF SIXTH MEETINGN (Norway),
an
*The CHAIRMAN opened the meetingand have the Chairman: Mr. Erik COLBAN
..
representative.
delegation, in view of thiediactiasin whïch'.had. taken. plece -'la.tiv the
.Article 68 He wished 'aI it clear that the B-'o1utiof,: ;. the'7-ift
.,ea î?b the, Sanomio Ca,& ocSatuCourÀclJ ai 1 Ausult 19470 BreoaLe. ,,th
,U.1l autanoner a the Int.onesiai Republie unit regard. to its i -
Ataarnercia~r,1&tiôrIa by `;aein a" irett ; invitation to ate t.;J:h; Confcomercia
(Soo"pae ^CE1 tMII Genova. 1eprt). The rai nateriale ald. cQDDfdo4tiee ag
tiie;ter-- tary ci Q4 I-nd.onoie. vercontrollecl 1i the Pepublolai'the teritory of
roepreueziteç1~ th«,,,Znd.orioa3o.iVpeoPle BOnM. eixty-andrepre Indesia
Col erat,4`in tt4inont'af the, aimoaio the Confere nec.w-oth mate in attaimet of t
1.. 9bi'r çSPE!8,: DC :i itharlax1dY o i atit.dthatresults. Mr. SPEEKENB
b8sa mont; the t Mci'. eand, Svaocincorrect Ln apealchis governmet tht Mr
de1oSa.ti;u.i1l;waaràthol tii, delegation of the Repdelegation; it was rathr the
aiau1d.~ bel alluçled ta,. - lu the.. Boeoànl. should be alluded to. In the scond place, Mr. G
ai-thc ec~omc::md.~aca~.au co1of the economic ad Social Counil cor
atax'y. iblrd.eociions takat tiestory. The decisions taken n. onrih'A
7etane&ti' tovy c1,earndemonstratand the Far East very clearly dee:
viion p jet~rnatiae1' manosms of conference triwhen aninternational econm
re1atiozekip~S vitlg ..overein aetates.." H. hrelationships within sovareignstates.
* story. the decision taken.at the instory. The decisions taken at the
d gtbe. CHAWMAi;aas:. at-no aemedganti. te tArticle 'oe.. bThe CHAIRMANsaid t
eztl zi'ae alçued ton the ibtjUaec the. and no speakers were n the
stateme. E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.6 Page 2 to say anything to the contrary, he would therefore consider this article
as drafted by the Preparatory Committee adopted in first reading.
DECISION: This was agreed.
ARTICLE 72
Mr. HOLMES (United Kingdom) defended the system of weighted voting
which had been the subject of some controversy. His country had always
been a strong advocate of voting rights for all countries, and no one could
accuse Britain of trying to ignore the righful claim of all countries to
have a voice in international proceedings. There had never been any question
of a system of weighted voting in connection with the present conference,
which had met the shape a Charter to be submitted for acceptance or rejection
by all countries. When the Organization was set up the work would be
different, involving the administration of the principles and rules embodied.
in the Charter. For this work it would be essential to draw upon the fund
of experience and responsibility represented by countries Members of the
Organization, and to take account of their varying interest in international
trade, the different volumes of population, and other factors the intent
of which differed from country to country.
The United Kingdom had felt stronily from the beglnsing that some, aystem
of weighted voting would not only be equitable, but also could serve the
purposes of the Organization better than the principle of one state one
vote. This principle was described as democratic. Democratic principles
and parliamentary institutions which reflected these phenciples Were teh
Very sire blood of hie country, and no representation of the United Kingdom
would advocate a. system whch conflicted with them. However, the principle
of the state one vote gave rise to anomalous situations some prospective
Members had populations amounting in00ome cases to 4OO and 500 millions,
whilst others had populations of ons million or lesa. In some countries
the per capïta share of axternal trade emounted to some $300 per annum
whlist in others it was less than $2.00.
Volumes of international trade varied from 9 billihe a year, for te
United Kingdom and colonies to $10,000,000, or less for c.rtain countries
For all those reasons it seemed clear that the rule of vote,ember one vo,,e
would in no sense be democratic, since it would ignorcithe discrepancies
between the numbers of human being in one Mem, and theirthér- and their
relative and absolute stakes in International trade. If the British colonial
empire, with a population of over 50 millios and a volume of international
trade of over $2,000,000,000, did not exist, the United Kingdm would have
one vote, and yet, with the inclusion of the colonial empire with the
/United Kingdom United Kingdom, the combined unit would still have only one vote. Thus the
milions making up the population of the British colonial empire would be
in a sense, disfranchised. He only took this as one of the peculiar ways
ln which the principle of one state/one vote would work out. This, if it
constituted demoracy, was the kind of democracy which obtained in Britain
over a hundred years ago, before the introduction of hte Reford Bill, when
the division of parliamentary boroughs was so unequal that small villages
and hamlets returned onr or even two members of Parliament, while the great great
dustrial centers, sucha as sch aManchenter axd gham, only returned onetu.rne one
.mse1e... , ; .--. -
go into the details of a weightedture to Be Into the detail of a weightd -
two alternative systems, and others offered two alteornative I syetom, mnâ oher
there should be provision for considère4 thit there phouli be provision fo
e account of the in ay system adosted to takl account of thQinevitable change
in the relative tradin interested of the various countries.
at the Conference that a numberrent context at thie Conferenos that a numer
and economic sense formed ac, ethnological and economc sense f ormuê a
present dismembered, and that dent, vWQ at. present diamenbered, am tha
aim of these countries. It was the hiShbst aim of thèse countries. It vas
difdiculically be ad that thèse ceuntries couli logLcafl. be advocates of tho
art of their supreme objecso, it vould be part of their supreme objective to
reduce very radicanly their voting pever.
om,hacbeen suggested that tha United. KXngdom,scheme had been put forw rd
d powers to outvote the smallerluetrialized powers to outvots the Mialler
posals. This had never been thelock their proposals. This hat never been
dvocated by the United Kingdom the scheme adcvocatod. by the Unitei. Xindom
ct.wo asgb9 Ithtt could, never.have that offect,
Thie sche neitherase on no doctrinaire principle, and.neithoir
unrity nab].~ 'pi recommittednciple of the equal.iy of states or oo±tted
thc horror of wnalhin ,a fsmallerepowers to impose their viln on the e cller
Pewers vïthin the Organization,
vergence with regard tova) recalled that their, divrge8nce v±thireéa to-
.Mçthlodr. of voting had emerged at the FirSession of the Preparatory
^ ,. ,,. . , . .j . . . . .- ., -. .. -
cordance with democraticaintained that it vas in accorda=ce vith àoicratic
rinoipeP b, tas celow on. vote to a.l. Mombgrs. Odelegations conaidored
_de4b ditoerences ln thevolume oe international track should be reflected
.,ln thirs ure o control they vouli exercise ln the affara eof the. -.
anomalous to givehail also been suggested that it vould. b. eaomalous to'ive
only' miesot1toecountW ee with dependent territories vhoBe econouios diffored.
/rad4cafl.yfroe.
!' E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.6 Page 4
radically from those of the mother country. He did not readily understadn
this argument, because he could not believe that the mothe country, ifit
had several votes, would use one half of them in favour of a proposal an d
the other half against it.
At the London and Geneva meeting of the Preparatory Commttee the i
majorty had been in favour of one state/one vote, and this was the system
which this delegation favoured. The principle underlying it was stated in
the preamble to the Charter of the United Nations and reaffirmed in paragrpha
2 of Article 1 and also in paragraph 1 of Article 2 of the Draft Charter.
He could not admit that the large countries were more interested in
international trade than the smaller ones. The national incomes of some
eighteen smaller countries deended by more than half on internationl trade,
The principes which governed trade relations and the conrol of the forces
of the Organization were of vital importance to these smaller countries.
In rare cases, weighted voting had been adopted, for instance in the
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, and the International
Monetary Fund, but in these cases it was related to monetary contribution
sycg as caoutak particupation in a shareholding company.
Mr. AMADOR (Mexico) supported Alternative A of Article 72, and agreed
with the observation of the representative of Czechoslovakia. If the
principle of the weighted vote were accepted one group of countries woulb be
responsible in great part for decisions of the Organization. " i
GUTIERREZ (Z- <Cuba)alled that the original proposals for the expansionz
f trade and commerce presented byt he Government of the United States in
November 1945 provided that sach member of the Conference would have one vote,
and that decisions would be arrived at by a simple majority. He sketched
the history of the discussions that had taken place in New York, London and
Genava on this subject, which had finally led to the alternatives listedh
nder Article 72. An analysis of these alternatives gave some
remfl.tB', shoresults, showing that the elements at the basis of the weighting
.'or instant iFor instance, n the New York 'stOm of ovalis;system of el
povor o rnc, 'tvoting power of Frances, the metropolitan area wou
Prench colonial empire wFrench colonial empire would have 'oteoiely
31,4, Accordingto Sable 'on p34. According to Table A on page ïtq
XigId.om would have 32otes anKingdom would have 32999 votes and the U
other ooun'ries of ti. vorld, fluctuatedbcountries of the world fluctuate
5Omo eectomie eoil'uaatïti7n es A.same economic evaluation as Albania,
proposedt publish an anà4eis of tho - etatproposed to publish an analysis
Seuu11ts thst th's weihteo vote e:ouldgeve. -results that this wei
votebeçe." apnno:tatieica1 data existea by which thvote because no statisti
/cou.d. b could be calculated. E/CONF. 2/C.6/SR.6 Page 5
His delegation supported Alternative A. With regard to Alternatives
B and C they could not accept the weighting elements, whïch were ruled by
general economic criteria and not by criteria of international trade. At
the appropriate time his delegation would present its amendments.
Mr. GOMEZ (Colombia), after a request by the CHAIRMAN to be brief and
to avoid, as much as possible, repetition of arguments already presented,
recalled the general usage, since the first world war, to abide by the
principle of the state on vote. The two examples of weighted votes which
had been mentioned were understandable exceptions of this general use
unasmuch as in these cases financial matters were at stake. But all countries
were to be asked now to make very far-reaching sacrifices, involving change
of their tax, fiscal and tariff systems. In view of these onerous
responsibilites the delegation of Colombia would be unable to accept a
weighted voting procedure establishing inequality of sovereignty in the
Charter.
Mr. KOJEVE (France), while endorsing Alternative A (One state -one vote),
warned against using the criterion of "democracy" which was open to many
interpretations. Purely technical questions were being dealt with here.
The French delegation would keep an open mind to any new arguments that might
be advanced, would study them, and might modify its stand accordingly. For
the present ho favoured. Alternative A.
Mr. DEDMAN (Australia) supported the system of onee vote per Momber as
the most satisfactory in principle and as the only solution which it was
possible to achieve without great practical difficulties. The obligations
of Charter rested upon all States alike, but their interests were different.
Decisions would be made by groupings of States, with one set of interests,
against others with opposing interests, and thsse groupinga would not follow
any pattern; they would depend on the precise issue involved.
He believed that the Organization would evolve a case law which on
varying issues and under varying circumstances may apply to any State.
was argued that special weight should be gviven to the otes of he larger
countries for varthe reasof sthesitze oeftheir rade, the size of the
obligations and respotnsibalities hey ccept, the volume of their
exccumulated xperience. Even under a one vote per State system, weight
vwillalways be given to the owinions and dwshes of the larger heuntries. Tuh
report of the mPreparato.Comittee contpained many rovisions considered
necessary by the larger countries which if they had been put to a vote,
would never have been included in the report. He could not believe that
the larger States had interest which are threatened by a one vote system
/to any E/CONF.2/C.6SR.6/
Page 6
to any greater extent than those of the smaller cuntries. Moreover, there
were many features of the Charter whch operated quite apart from the
voting system to strengthen the relative influence of the larger States.
The larges States with permission of the Organization had a powerful
weapon to influence the actions of smaller States found to have contravende
the Charter in withholding benefits from the offending State. The reverse
was seldom likely to be true. Every delegation was aware of the fact that
non-cooperation or the withdrewal of any larger State from the Organization
would destroy it and in his opinion this fact was a more potent guarantee
of the interests of the larger countries than a system of weighted voting,
Mr. Dedman considered that it was difficult to establish criteria for
weighted voting. The problem was nor merely to decide the voting strength
of the larger States but it was equally important that the vote of any one
small country should be equitable in relation to the vote of any other small
country. He had been present at the Bretton Woods Conference when a purely
arbitrary but at least intellectually honest scale of quotas had been
adopted, but the attampt at this conference to work out scale of quotas
on the basis of more or less scientific rules of statistics might turn out
to be just as arbitrary and intellectually dishonest as well. A veriety of
scales could be introduced and their adequacy could never be tested except
in terms of their results. He was afraid that a protracted discussion of
any refinement to those formulae would have unfortunate influence on the
discussions. He hoped therefore that the choose the
matter which would be likely to prove most equitable and most practical.
Mr, FEDRANO (Argentina) warmly supported Alternative A and pointed out
that the Organization should not emphasize the existing differences between
more and less industrially developed countries; the Organization should be a
tribunal that would not harbour any discriminations and safeguard the
equality and sovereignty of all nations.
Mr. M. BARROS (Brazil) stated that only Alternative A would conform to
the political views of his delegation on equiality and justice. He developed
his views on the political situation in the world today and cautioned that
it was into this picture that the new Organization would have to fit itself.
Except for the two larges powers in the world, no country wanted to be frozen
in its present state of development, and it was therefore more a political
than an economic problem for everybody. The question of confidence in the new
Organization was paramount inasmuch as no country would care to join it
unless it would reflect equal wishes of all of them.
Mr. SERRATO (Uruguey ) endorsed the aof uments inve avour Alternatie A
/While
. E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.6
Page 7
While respecting the spirit of democracy that had moved the United Kingdom
representative, the reasons he had advanced were not sufficient to make him
change his mind. The doctrine of weighted voting was contrary to the United
Nations Charter, Article 2, paragraph 1, which clearly defined the principle
of sovereign equality of all Members it would tend to make large countries
even bigger, smaller ones even less important, The comparison with the
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the International
.
Monetary Fund was ill-founded since those were purely commercial enterprises
deling in stocks and shares. He referred to the intervention of certain
delegations in the matter of voting at Geneva, and expressed apprehension
lest, if a weighted voting scheme was adoptd, the Latin-American continetn
would lose the rights other continents would retain. It was necessary to
keep in mind not only the commercial and economic issues lnvolved but also
those of a political, moral, social and paychological nature.
Mr. TINOCO (Costa Rica) supported Alternative A by referring to the
human element rather than the national incomes used in the formulae of the
Appendix. International trade accounted for 138 working days of every worker
in his country, for 216 in Finland, and for 225 in Cuba; on the other hand
it was responsible for only 93 days for the worker in the United Kingdom,
and only 9 days in the Soviet Union. If international trade woul be
suddenly eliminated from the world, the resulting unemployment would hit the
worker in these smaller countries many times harder than those of the
largo countries. The importance of foreign trade would be reflein itsts
relation to the number of working days of the working man whste etanofrd o
living was to be raised. Under this scheme of weighted voting, Costa Rica
would be placed, above 17 other countries but she would gladly renounat tht
advantage in the interest of equality and sovereignty of all nations,
Mr. DUNAWAY (Liberia) declared the support of his delegation inuravor
of Alternative A.
Mr COUIL(ARD Canada) believed that the system of weighted octionalonalc
voting was preferable to that of Alternative A. As clearly stated in Article
84, the Organization was one of the specialized agencies referred to in
Article 57 of the United Nations Charter". If the different impor tanceof
countries in regard to international economic relations were to be properly
nized, than voting power could not be equal. If a world economy wer e
to be created, then the populations of all countries had to be represented
in proportion to their sixe and that principle was a more democraic onei
than one state/one votw Which was really a nationalistic attitude with
which his delegation could not agree.
/In order E/CONF .2/C .6/SR.6
Page 8
In order to arrive at compromise between the nationalistic proposal
(Alternative A) and the functional voting procedure (Alternative B or C)
formula A in the Appendix recognized populations, national incomes, in
addition to a high basic vote, thus using light weighting only. In the
provisions to take a three year average and to permit a periodic review,
he saw further safeguards to retain equity and to make allowance for later
adjustments.
Apprehension had been voiced that larger countries would be able to
force their views upon the Organization if a functional voting procedure
was adopted, but he foresaw the possibility of the smaller countries
imposing their positions in a similar way on others, under Alternative A.
In any case, the larger countries would most likely not vote in a block,
they would certainly not act in a way to threaten the Organization, and
the small countries, furthermore, had always the possibility o withdrawing,
which would not be to the advantage or even the largest state.
He thought that functional voting was entirely within the spirit of the
Charter of the United Nations, and while the formulae admittedly had many
flows, they should be considered merely as examples for what could be done.
Mr.SPEEKENBRINK (Netherlands) expressed his approval of Alternative A
but added that further study would be required to arrive at the proper
solution of the voting problem. An open mind should be preserved by all
delegation in that respect, and the amendment of his delegation
(Annotated Agenda, E/CONF.2/C 6/2., page 4) and the composition of the
Executive Board (Article 75) should be examined before taking any rash
decisions which it might prove difficult to redress later on.
Mr. BANERJI (India) expressed himself in favour of Alternative A,
although India could profit handsomely by weighted voting, being a country
with a very large population and considerable actual and potential resources,
The system advocated by the United Kingdom and Canadian representatives
would seem arbitary no matter what formula were adopted, particularly since
in many cases it was impossible to find the correct statistical information
regarding trade and national income. The Secretariat had been unable to
supply figures for no loss than 21 countries in the case of formula B which
countries would then remain, apparently, without any vote whatsoever.
Mr. GAZDER (Pakistan) also endorsed Alternative A, calling attention to
the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations, Article 2, paragraph 1,
and Article 18, paragraph 1, which provided for equality of all Members, and
for one vote for each Member. He emphasized that in any event the opinion.
of hte larger countries could not be brushed aside and that their help was
too ungently needed by the underdeveloped countries to make an abuse of
/equal votings E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.6 Page 9
equal voting rights likely.
Mr. SKAUG (Norway) was of the opinion that too much stress had been
laid on the interpretation of what was or was not "democratic" and suggested
that the discussion should not run along these lines it was necessary
rather to discard preconceived ideas and to find a voting system which would
be practical, equitable and just. His delegation was not convinced that
these goals could be achieved by adopting Alternative A; they might be
achieved by a weighted voting scheme. Many amendments to the formulae, as
they stood now, were obviously necessary, but no decision should be taken
until better formulae had been sought or discussed. |
|
GATT Library | kq723ht8158 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Summary record of the Eigth Meeting. Held at the Capital, Havana, Cuba on Tuesday, 9 December 1947 at 10.30 a.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 11, 1947 | 11/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.8 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/kq723ht8158 | kq723ht8158_90050072.xml | GATT_155 | 3,308 | 21,335 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.8
ON DU 11 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION
Held at the CapitoI, Havana, Cuba
on Tuesday, 9 December 1947 at 10.30 a.m.
Chairman: Mr. Erik COLBAN (Norway)
CONTINUED DISCUSSION ON ARTICLE 72 (VOTING)
Mr. KUMLI (Sweden) stated that after hearing the arguments put
forward by the various schools of thought on the alternative voting
systems, Sweden still favoured that of weighted voting. The question as
to which system was the more democratic did not arise, as the Conference
was not concerned with putting democracy into action, but with creating
an efficiant organization which would function to the beat possible
advantage for the trading nations of the world.
One system was clear, simple and limpid, the other complicated and
obscure; one as rigid, and once established would leave little room for
further adjustment,while the other was more flexible in its principIes
and would enable the objectives of the Organization to be maintained.
He suggested that the Secretariat should be asked to furnish some
data on the system of weighted voting as actually applied in certain
international organizations.
Mr. COREA (Ceylon) wondered if the protagonists of the weighted
voting system were not exaggerating the importance of the adoption
of such a system. He agreed with the representative of New Zealand that
there was no necessity for the insistence its adoption; such an
adoption involved the deprivation of equal rights which Members felt
they were entitled to enjoy.
The efficient functioning of the Organization must depend not on
a system of extra voting power, but on the volume and measure of godwill
and co-operation. It was obvious that the views expressed by the greater
powers in Organization of this kind would always receive the consideration
to which they were entilted, and these view would not be lightly brushed
/Some representatives E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.8
Page 2
Some representatives considered that it was inconsistent that countries
asking for equality of votes should, at the same time, be asking for certain
privileges to be embodied in the Charter, which would safeguard their
special positions. The two questions as to what principles were to be
embodied in the Charter, and what functions were to be performed by the
Organization which was to implement the principles of the Charter should
be considered separately.
Throughout the Charter, the Organization would be called upon to
adjudicate on the main Articles, or to lay down certain principles as
to how these should be interpreted. In the performance of those quasi
judicial functions of the Organization, i.e. to examine the meaning of the
Charter's provisions and to lay down principles for their implementation,
it was not necessary to take into account the relatively different importance
of various countries in the international trade.
Referring to the comparison with a partnership, he considered that
countries were not bringing in different amounts of capital but an equal
contribution of goodwill. There was no justification for the adoption
of a weighted voting system, and he thought the major powers should be
prepared to forego certain advantages in that system in order to create,
within the Organization, the impression that all questions were to be
considered on their merits.
It was not right to assume that some countries had greater liabilities
and responsibilities than others; on examining the Charter it could be
advanced, though it seemed paradoxical that those incurred by the smaller
countries were, in proportion, larger than those of the greater powers.
The sovereign rights were being curtailed, and sovereign rights of all
countries were equal.
The Charter was established to ensure equal rights for all, and
decisions made, in regard to the Charter, by the Organization should
therefore, be based on equal rights.
Mr. ROUCHDY (Egypt) asked why a complicated system of voting should
be sought, when the Organization had a simple one which had proved
satisfactory in all conferences; many speeches had been made, and he
referred especially to that made by the representative for Chile, in
support of this argument. Egypt, he concluded, recognized only the
principle of one country, one vote.
Mr. ALAYZA (Peru) recalled that the one vote per state system of voting
was based on principles of right and weighted voting system in principles
of commercial interests.
/He considered E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.8
Page 3
He considered, however, that the Organization would not deal directly
with markets, prices and products but with obligations to be assumedby
states which would limit their sovereignity in trado matters. Furthermore,
the Organization would be a forum in which the States could discuss the
rules of International trade. Those obligations and the rules should be
considered in accordance with legal principles among which international
equality was fundamental. Every nation, therefore, should have one vote.
The opinion of the major countries would always have more weight in
the Conference, even without a weighted voting system. Furthermore, the
major countries would be represented in the Executive Board.
Mr. COOMBS (Australia) assured the United States representative that.
no views or arguments had been expressed by his delegation in which they
did not firmly believe. He opposed the system of weighted voting because
it was difficult and almost impossible to assess the factors on which
a reasonable system of weighted voting could be based.
While prepared to accept an allocation of costs between nation on
a system which does imply some assessment of statistical character, he
did not think there was any comparison between this assessment and the
assessment for the purposes of the weighted voting system. The system
of allocation of costs was based on the simple principle of capacity to
The bases for a weighted voting system were not known and could not
be agreed. Obviously, population; national income, external trade, trade
per head etc., were relevant factors, but other factors like the weights
of burdens to be assumed had some significance. It must be recalled as
well that sovereignty must enter into the basis of any such assessment. He
considered that no reasonable hypotheses or theory had been advanced to
show what weight was to be attached to these various factors and they
could be combined. This being the case any attempt to work out an
equitable basis for the weighted voting system would, in his opinion,
degenerate into rather undignified bargaining in which the principle
would disappear into the background.
Mr. Coombs quoted Article 13, paragraph 4 (b) as an example of the
decisions and judgments the Organization would be called upon to make,
and said that in reaching such decisions knowledge, understanding and
integrity was required; but no reason had been advanced why countries which
had large populations, large production and extensive trade should exceed
smaller countries in the possession of such knowledge, understanding and
integrity.
/He did not hope E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.8
Page 4
We did not hope that he had convinced the delegate of the United States
of America that his arguments were correct, but he trusted he had convinced
him that the Australian delegation believed in them.
Mr. REAL (SwitzerIand) said he had heard with interest all the
arguments put forward in favour of both the voting systems under discussion,
and saw strong merits in both points of view. He thought means could be
found. in the Organization to adopt a "voting system that would not
diffarantiate, as such a situation should be avoided.. The weighted voting
systern would give Switzerland. certain advanetages, but in spite of, these
advantages he did not favour that system, which he considered undemocratic,
and was in favour of the system of one country, one vote. .
Mr. GUTIERREZ (Bolivia) agreed that the smaller countries should. share
responsibilities with the greater powers. There should be a spirit of
equality between all the participating countries, He Was in favour of the
one country-one vote system, as he considered the weighted voting system
would bring about the use of the veto, which had undesirable consequences
in the United Nations.
Mr. WOULBROUN (Luxembourg) said he had been impressed by the
difficulties in finding a formula for the working of the weighted voting
system.
If the one country-one vote principle were adopted, the points put
forward by countries which take a more important part in world trade must
carefully be considered. These large countries had had considerable
experience in these matter, which would ensure them power accordingly.
The representative of Czechoslovakia had requested a decision on this
matter at first reading but as the question was closely linked with
Article 75 he thought it advisable not to adopt such a course,
Mr. TINOCO (Costa Rica) thought it essential that when the matter was
solved, the decision should be final. He thought it a significant fact
that among the countries supporting the one country-one vote system, should
be so many of the greater powers.
In giving examples of the voting percentages, he pointed out that under
the weighted vote system the larger powers had the advantage over the
smaller countries, but that under Alternative A this advantage was lost,
and that advantage gained by the smaller countries by a majority of four
thousand votes.
He thought the representatives of the United Kingdom and the
United States of America should reconsider their proposals and give examples
of the spirit needed in shaping a new world on a basis of equality between
nations.
/Mr. BLUSZTEIN E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.8 Page 5
Mr. BLUSZTEIN (Poland) said that after this very long and interesting
discussion he wished to speak to ensure that his silence should not be taken
for indifference.
He was in favour of Alternative A - one country-one vote as he
believed it to be the only safeguard for sovereign rights of countries in
international organizations. He did not share the view of the representative
of the United States of America that votes should be proportioned in
accordance with burdens carried.
Mr. STINEBOWER (United States) wished to clear up the general
misapprehension concerning two remarks he had made yesterday. He thought
two different concepts were involved where members had spoken of equality
(1) rical equality among states; and (2) Equality relative to resources
and power. He had not suggested that the United States should bear only
the same share of administrative costs as any other Member. He referred
to shares in the budget merely to refute the allegations that responsibilities,
as well as obligations, were in fact, numerically equal a between countries
and that it would not be possible to measure factors underlying the weighted
voting system.
No matter what voting procedure was adopted, political bargaining in
the Organization would not be avoided. If he thought that adoption of the
principle of one state - one vote would have this result, he would support
that course.
In reply to the representative of Poland, he explained that he did
not suggest that voting should be based on a contributions formulae. Any
weighted voting system anyhow would fall so short of the economic
importance of major powers that they could not exorcise anything similar
to a veto.
Mr. MATSCH (Austria) stated that he was in favour of the one
country - one vote system.
Mr. ENTEZAN (Iran) was also in agreement with the one country - one
vote system. The small countries were not in the same position as the
larger powers, which had the advantage of much wider experience of
commerce and world trade, but the beat way to acknowledge this was to
grant the large powers permanent seats on the Executive Board.
Mr. D'ASCOLI (Venezuela) stated that his country had already
established its position in favour of the adoption of Alternative A, but
would like to add that it appeared to be logical and natural that the
vote should be taken on the basis of one nation - one unit. It was in
accordance with the fundamental purpose of the Organization that voting
should be by national equality.
/Mr. DOMOND E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.8
Page 6
Mr. DOMOND (Haiti) said that economic conditions should not be taken
into consideration when determining the system of voting, and he therefore
favoured the one country - one vote system.
The CHAIRMAN summing up the debate on Article 72, said that of the
fifty-eight delegation present, thirty-five had expressed themselves in
favour of the one country one vote system (Alternative A, Article 72).
Three of these, however, did so underlining that they still have open minds
on the subject (viz. France, Netherlands and New Zealand)
The representative of the United Kingdom, supported. by Canada,
Southern Rhodesia, Norway and Sweden, favoured "light" weighted voting;
while the United States representative favoured a more heavy" weightde
Two member (Belgium and Luxembourg) gave the impression that although
favouring the one country - one vote system, they were open-minded to the
extent of retaining entire freedom of action for the second reading
China had suggested a compromise, and favoured Alternative C, receving
slight support from one other member.
More than half the representatives had, therefore, declared themselves
in favour of the one country - one vote system.
The CHAIRMAN stated that no final decision was called for at that stage,
and explained the object of the first reading to be merely an expression
of views not to establish the "victors of the battle" but to pave the way
to ultimate unanimous decision. Only after further consideration had
been given to the subject, and to other provisions which were inter-related
and especially the provisions referring to the Executive Board, would the
Committee proceed with the second reading.
He assured the members that every opportunity would then be given to
them to discuss Article 72 at the second reading and, if required, at a
third reading.
In reply to a suggestion by Mr. FEDRANO (Argentina) that a vote should
be taken, the CHAIRMAN recalled that, the Committee had decided previously to
avoid formal decisions at the first reading.
The CHAIRMAN in reply to a question by Dr. AUGENTHALER (Czechoslovakia)
concerning the procedure at the second reading of Article; 72, explained that
he was reluctant at this stage to give any ruling on the matter. He then
took up Article 72, Alternative A, paragraph2. Since there would be no
final decisions taken at the first reading, the Netherlands amendment which
seemed to depend on paragraph 1 of that article, might be discussed later.
There was, however, a connection also between that proposal and Article 73
/paragraph 2. E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.8
Page .7
paragraph 2. In his opinion the Netherlands amendment to Article 72,
paragraph, 2 woulds be covered by the rules of procedure of the Conference.
He therefore saw no need to include such a provision in the Charter.
Mr. ALAYZA (Peru) explained that although the Conference could assing
the Executive Board the exercise of certain powers and duties, it would
still have to attend to certain matters itself, either at annual meetings
or at special, sessions. A minority of members of a corporation might request
the calling of a meeting. In constitutional law too, less than half the
members of congress might initiate the calling of a session That specila
right gave minorities the possibility to bring problem before their
assemblies. In the case of the Organization,the problem might be of
greatlnational re regional importance. One-third seemed enough to ensure.
a sufficient number of members without making a majority necessary.
The CHAIRMAN thought that the desire of one-third of the Members of
the Organization to call a session of the Conference might, be a sufficient
indication of the urgency of a question.
Mr. GAZDAR (Pakistan) supported the Peruvian proposal.
Mr. STINEBOWER (United States) without expressing -opposition to the
amendment, the thought that it might be wise also to take into account the
reasons for which the Preparator Committee had drafted the article. These
were two in number (1) the Conference would presumably adopt a rule that a
quorum should consist of a majority of the members. Before calling a session,
it should b. made certain that a quorum wished to attend. In any case members
with good reasons for calling a session could inform the Executive Board,
which would-surely comply with their wishes. (2).. Calling a session, would
involve additional expense for the Organization.
Mr. OLDINI.(Chile) pointed out that the Peruvian amendment to Article 73,
paragraph 1 was closely connected with the amendment to -Article:72,
paragraph 2, proposed by the Netherlands, which had been passed over. The
Peruvian proposal would appear much more logical ter a study of the
Netherlands amendment. The text of the latter amendment obviously
presupposed the possibility of discussion and vote by a minority of the
Conference. In the light of such a possibility the Peruvian amendment.
semed perfectly logical. He suggested that if the paragraph under
discussion were left open for the time being, the Peruvian and Netherlands
amendments should be discussed together later.
Mr. ALAYZA (Peru) declared that he had no objection to a joint
discussion of both amendments at the second reading, but pointed out that
/there was E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.8
Page 8
there Was no direct connection between the two proposals. The questio of n
a quorm had to be determined within the framework of the Charter. He
explained that if a quorum was one-half of the Members, the one-thirs
of the Members constituted the majority of a quorum; and if a quorum were
two-thirds of the Members, then one-third of the Members would be equal
to one-half of the quorum.
Mr.SPEEKENBRINK (Netherlands) was ready to accept the Chairman's
suggestion to postpone discussion of Article 72, paragraph 2, Since,
however, his amendment had been mentioned in the course of the discussion,
an explanation of his proposal seemed to be necessary. His proposal was
intended to ensure that no rash decision would be taken by a minority
which could not be reviewed by a second vote, and was not one of procedure
in the Conference but of substance.
The CHAIRMAN noted that there was general agreement to discuss an
second reading paragraph 2 Article 72, together with Article 73,
paragraph 1. He stated. that h would now take up discussion of the Mexican
amendment to Article 73, paragraph 1.
Mr. AMADOR (Mexico) explained that the purposes of his amendment was
to avoid that meetinges of the Conference should be held in different places.
Such practice might involve political implications, greater expenses, etc.
A general rule that meetings should be held at the seat of the Organization
would enable Governments to make correspending arrangements. Yet, in order
to provide for unforeseen needs the Executive Board should. be given the
power to call meetings elsswhere in exceptional circumstances.
Mr. SIEDENFADEN (Denmark), as the representative of a small country
could ill afford. the extra expenses involved, in meeting held. away from
headquarters, declared. that he supported the Mexican prposal.
Mr. TANGE (Australia) expressed sympathy for the Mexican proposal. The
Australian delegation had always felt that meetings should be held at-
headquarters where staff and facilities could be provided. more easily and
at less cost. One aspect of the matter, however, should be pointed out.
The Draft Charter implied. that the choice of meeting-places should be loft
to the Conference, whils the Mexican proposal would leave that choice, in
exceptional cases, with the Executive Board. Even if the article were not
amended as proposed, the Conference under Article 74 could always assign
this particular power to the Board. It might be desirable to retain this
flexibility.
Mr. STINEBOWER (United States) agreed, generally with the amendment
proposed. while also noting the merits of the Australian remarks.
/The CHAIRMAN Page 9
The CHAIRMAN noted general support of the Mexican proposal in so far
es it concerned the holding of meetings at headquarters. In connection
with the provision for special cireumstances, he suggested as a matter of
drafting, the following wording: "1. The Conference hall meet at the
seat of the Organization unless it decides otherwise in exceptional.
circumstances."
The Committee adopted in first reanding the text proposed by the
Chairman. |
|
GATT Library | xt181zg9931 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Summary record of the Eleventh Meeting held at the Capital, Havana Cuba Monday, 15 December 1941 at 10.30 a.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 16, 1947 | 16/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.11 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/xt181zg9931 | xt181zg9931_90050079.xml | GATT_155 | 0 | 0 | ||
GATT Library | bx341ch8986 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Summary record of the Eleventh Meeting held at the Capital, Havana Cuba Monday, 15 December 1941 at 10.30 a.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 16, 1947 | 16/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.11 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/bx341ch8986 | bx341ch8986_90050079.xml | GATT_155 | 2,689 | 17,355 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.11
ON DU 16 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
SIXTH COMMTTEE: ORGANIZATION
SUMMARY RECORD OF THE ELEVENTH MEETING
Held at the Capitol, Havana Cuba
Monday, 15 December 1941 at 10.30 a.m.
Chairman: Mr. Erik COLBAM (Norway)
CONTINUATION OF DISCUSSION OF ARTICLE 74, Paragrph 6
The CHAIRMAN summarized the discussion of the last meeting and
suggested that the text of the Charter be adopted in first reading and the
delegations most interested in the issue should consult before the second
reading.
Mr. COUILLARD (Canada) stated that he was unable to withdraw his
delegation's reservations but offered the following four compromises:
(1) that the proviso deleted, or (2) that a sentence be added to the
proviso that " no Member shall be required to make a per capita contribution
higher than any other Member to whom the proviso might apply", or (3) that the
words "one-third be changed to "40 per cent", or (4) that to the existing
text the sentence be added that " due regard shall be paid to the per capita
contribution of other Members who might be adversely affected by it,"
Mr. AMADOR (Mexico) thought that if the majority were in agreement, the
proviso might be deleted in first reading if it were more clearly stated
that Members' contributions would be assessed on the same principles as
applied by the United Nations.
Mr. STINEBOWER (United States) declared himslef unable to agree to the
deletion of the proviso, but seconded the Chairman's suggestion to form a
small informal discussion group to redraft the text.
The CHAIRMAN asked the representatives of Australia, Canada, Ireland,
Mexico and the United States to consult informally before the second reading.
paragraph 7 and the insertion, in its place. 70-B. It was
knew in advance where its seat was going to be. The experience with the
/United Nations E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.11 Page 2
United Nations in that regard shoed that a lot of delay, debate, and
expense could thereby be saved. If, however, it was felt that more time
was needed for such a determination, his delegation would be satisfied if
the space for the Organization's seat were left blank in the proposed
Article 70-B.
Mr. DEDMAN (Australia) thought that the decision of the seat of the
Organization should be left to its future Members since nobody could
foresee which countries here present would actually join it.
The CHAIRMAN inquired if the Mexican representative would be satisfied
if paragraph 7 were to read: "The Conference shall, at its first annual
meeting, determine.....", but Mr. AMADOR (Mexico) emphasized his belief
that the determination of the seat should properly be included in
Chapter VII, Section A, and not in Section B.
Mr. de VRIES (Netherland) was certain that the determination of
the seat had been included in Article 74, paragraph 7, for the specific
reason that it was the right and duty of the Conference to decide on
that point, and not, e.g. that of the Director-General. To charge
the first annual meeting of the Conference with this duty might impose
too heavy a burden on it.
Mr. GAZDAR (Pakistan) expressed himself in favour of the Mexican
amendment, and Mr. PARANAGUA (Brazil) said he could not see why the
matter should not be decided as soon as possible.
The CHAIRMAN warned that it might prove unwise to bind the Conference
to take a decision at its first session when only a small number of
Members might have joined the Organization and seeing that such a decision
might prove very difficult to change later.
Mr. PARANAGUA (Brazil) disagreed with the Chairman, in the belief
that it was the privilege of the original Members to decide the seat.
A delay in such a decision would impede the Organization's work from
the very beginning.
Mr. W. KING (China) agreed with the remarks made by the Mexican
and Brazilian representatives. The formation of a preparatory committee,
might be contemplated similar to the one created at the San Francisco
Conference, to make recommendations regarding organizational and
administrative matters, as well as the seat of the Organization, to
the first annual session of the Conference.
Mr. FORTHOMME (Belgium) thought it would be more realistic to
postpone the discussion of the amendments of the delegation of Mexico
regarding contributions and the seat of the Organization, until a later
/stage E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.11
Page 3
stage in the discussion.
Mr. HOLMES (United Kingdom) then endersed the Netherlands' point
of view, Mr. KOJEVE (Hrence) that of the United Kingdom and the Netherlands,
Mr DOMOND (Haiti) that of Mexico, and Mr. BLUSZTAJN (Poland) that of
China.
Mr. OLDINI (Chile) remarked that if the remarks of the Belgian
representative were carried to their logical conclusion, it would mean
that nothing could be discussed until the Organization was set up. He was
of the opinion that the original Members should be empowered to decide the
seat of the Organization, and felt that the Charter should so state.
Mr. FORTHOMME (Belgium) explained that he only wanted the discussion
to be deferred until a later stage in the Conference.
Mr. ROUCHDY (Egypt) endorsed the Chinese proposal of setting up a
sub-committee to study the problem.
Mr. KOJEVE (France) recalled the difficult experience in the Food and
Agriculture Organization and thought a decision on this question should
not be taken too early.
The CHAIRMAN agreed that the fifty-eight delegations present should
not tie the hands of the supreme body of the Organization, the annual
Conference. It was the privilege of the Conference to take the decision
at an early or later stage, but the Charter should not force the
Canference to make a decision at any specific time. He supported the
Netherlands representative's remarks that it was mainly a question of
drafting, but at the same time the decision of the seat should remain
vested in the Conference.
Mr. OLDINI felt that the impasse could be overcome by agreeing on
a text which would allow for a simple majority to decide the issue instead
of a two-thirds vote. While the Conference preferably should take a
decision at its first session, it would not be wise to force it to do so.
Mr. AMADOR (Mexico) was of the opinion that a footnote might be
inserted in the text to provide for the matter; no hands would be tied,
and there would be no need to amend the Charter. He recalled that in the
case of the United Nations a preparatory committee made recommendations
regarding the seat to the First Session of the General Assembly. The
Organization might adopt a similar procedure.
:Mr. POLITIS (Greece), While supporting the Belgian viewpoint, thought
the Conference might now at least give an indication of its intent for
the guidance of the first annual session of the Conference of the
Organization.
Mr. HOLMES (United Kingdom) suggested that the difficulty could be
/overcome E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.11
Page 4
overcome by changing the word "determine" in paragraph 7 to "consider",
and adding "at the first annual meeting".
Mr. AMADOR (Mexico) a repeated his earlier suggestion to leave the
site blank and to have this conference recommend that the matter be decided
at the first annual meeting at the conference of the Organization; any
other provision in the Charter would tie the hands of the Organization
too much.
The CHAIRMAN then announced the formation of an ad hoc committee
composed of the delegation of China, Haiti, Netherlands and United Kingdom
to study the Mexican amendment.
After the CHAIRMAN had explained the three-alternatives submitted
in the report, Mr. DEDMAN (Australia) said, that the method. of appointment
of the Executive Board should follow two general principles: first, by the
consideration of all factors relevant in the appointment. Some of those
factors were: (a) representation of countries with large interests in the
Organization by virtue of the degree of their trade or national income;
(b) accumulated experience of certain countries; (c) wide geographical
distribution; (d) diversity in the types of economics and economic systems
represented; (e) the possibility of electing a country because of the
expert capacity of its representative. Alternative A,.and to some extent
Alternative C, failed to implement those principles.
The second principle was that the voting system should give proper
and fair assessment to claims of countries to membership of the Board.
He favoured Alternative B, and would support a proposal to increase the
number of Members that could be re-elected immediately. He doubted
the need to specify permanent membership in the Executive Board since
some countries would undoubtedly be elected and continuously re-elected.
Alternative B was simple and lacked the shortcomings of Alternatives A
and C.
Alternative A was unacceptable, it failed to meet the above
mentioned criteria save that of geographical distribution and was
complicated. It did not take into account future revision of the lot
of countries of greatest economic importance. As regards the non-
permanent seats, there was no provision for changing the number of seats
should only a few countries of the group mentioned in (c)(i) and (ii)
Join the Organization. In case of large membership in the Organization
it would be anomalous for groups (b) and (c) to have equal representation
on the Board with group (d).
Citing hypothetical examples, he showed that if relatively few
countries outside (b) and(c) joined the all the rules
of paraqraphs 1 (d) and 6 might be anomalous, if not inoperatIve.
/Furthermore, E/CONF. 2/C. 6/SR. 11 Page 5
Furthermore, countries which did not belong to the groups identified in
sub-paragraphs (b) and (c) would be uncertain whether the interests of
groups to which they would be assigned would coincide with their own.
The mathematical symetry of paragraphs 5 and 6 was exaggerated and
ignored the various relevant criteria. Mr. Dedman doubted the
desirability of too much flexibility in the system of election as outlined
in paragraph 8 since change in the system by the Conference would hardly
be made objectively.
Mr. Dedman concluded by saying that if the Conference decided that
permanent members of the Board should be named, then he would prefer
Alternatives C, but strongly opposed the Alternative A.
Mr. WATERSON (Union of South Africa) agreed. with the representative
of Australia that Alternative B was most satisfactory. Since the
Executive Board would act on behalf of the Conference it should be.
elected by the Conference. Alternative A provided for a repugnant system
of sectional interest. He doubted whether unclassifiable members on the
Organization which would be practically disenfranchised on the Board under
that system, would consider joining the Organization. The only way, to
ensure full representativeness of the Board was through Alternative B,
under which the economically important countries would certainly be elected
and re-elected to the Board provided they carried out their
responsibilities. The Conference could be trusted to ensure fair
representation as well as to watch over the work of the Board.
He also agreed with the representative of Australia regarding
Alternative C, adding that either C or the French amendment were prefarable
to A, if B were not adopted.
Mr.FORTHOMME (Belgium) speaking of the Customs Union of Belgium,
Luxemberg and the Netherlands, pointed out that it covered onIy the
metropolitan areas of those countries. A Customs Union formed as separate
economic unit although its members retained their independence and
individuality; they had to adhere separately to the Charter, but could
only do so if all the other members of the Union did likewise.The manner
of representation of the Union and its members varied according to the
organs of the Organization. On the Tariff Committee which was concerned
with matters entirely in the competence of a customs Union, the Fenelux
would be represented as a unit, in the Conference each Union member would
sit separately, while on the Executive Board, in view of the limited number
of seats, the representatives had to consider regional, as well as general,
interests.The Board had to include representatives of leading economic
entities. As an important economic entity, the Benelux Customs Unions
should be permanently represented on the Board by Belgium Luxemburg and
/the Netherlands E/CONF.2/C .6/SR.11
Page 6
the Netherlands in turn who would sit as lndividual members as well as
representatives of their Union.
He agreed with the representative of Australia regarding Alternative A
although detailed provisions were sometimes very important. The simplicity
of Alternative B was not an advantage, it did. not take economic interests
sufficiently into consideration. On one hand Alternative B proved for
absolute equality, on the other it foresaw the need for re-election of the
economically important countries. Chance should not be permitted to
destroy the equilibrium of the Charter. He therefore favoured, as the most
adequate formula, the French proposal.
Mr. KOJEVE (France) explained that his amerdment, based on previous
proposals made by his delegation in New York ard Geneva was presented
with the understanding that Article 72, Alternative A would be adopted.
The present French amendment should be examined in principle; if adopted,
and .appropriats text could be found later. The principle was based on two
questions:(1)should permanent seats on the Board be provided and if so,
(2) how should those seats be apportioned. Favouring permanent seats, he
said that experts would have a chance to specialize in the work. It was
necessary to avoid what the representative of Cuba had called "prefabricated
majorities". The best guarantee against that would be to provide permanent
seats for all types of economics thus ensuring complete objectivitly and
re-assuring small and medium countries that their interests would be taken
into account.In reply to the argument that the Board should represent
the general interests of the Conference, he said. that it would be
"psychologically" impossible for representatives to dissociate themselves
from the interests of their countries. As regards the methods of
apportioning seats, he thought that compltely objective principles might
tend to be oligarchic and would not take the needs of weaker countries
sufficiently into consideration. The idea of the French delegation
propounded in Geneva, that weak as well as strong countries should be
represented on the Board, had found some reflection in Alternative A.
However, the list of countries presented by his delegation was preferable,
even if Modified.
He felt that simple elections might lead to maneuvers and bargaining.
In a balanced system, however, bargaining would lost its interest. He
therefore suggested that the principle of a list of countries should be
discussed.
The prospective customs unions between France and Italy, and India
and Pakistan would also have to be taken into consideration in connection
with the composition of the Executive Board. E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.11
Page 7
Mr. STINEBOWER (United States) said that his delegation was desirous
to make a substantial contribution to the progress of the Conference and
bearing in mind the close connection between the question of Article 72
and other questions, he announced that his delegation would support
Alternative A of Article 72 on the second reading of that Article. Having
understood from the very beginning the close balance between the arguments,
his delegation had returned, in the light of the discussion, to the
position it held previously. It maintained however, very firm views with
respect to other questions, in particular with respect to Article 75. The
important criterion of relative economic importance, considered very
difficult in connection with Article 72, would not be as great a problem
with regard to Article 75, Relative economic importance had to be taken
into account if not in Article 72, then in Article 75. Therefore one-half
of the members of the Executive Board should be the economically most
important countries. Furthermore, an Organization with functions of such
range and importance needed to have an element of continuity.
Another important criterion was the establishment of a small, efficient
body; the Executive Board. was to expedite, not duplicate the work of the
Conference, A third criterion was the undesirability of rigid. geographical
lines being drawn. Georaphical representativeness, not representation,
was important. Having accaded to unweighted voting, he stated that
Article 75, Alternative C was absolutely necessary. He reserved the right
to return later to questions of detail.
The CHAIRMAN proposed and it was agreed that the United Kingdom should
be added to the Joint Sub-Committee of the Second and Sixth Committees. |
|
GATT Library | dd820qg2824 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Summary record of the Fifteenh Meeting. Held at the Capital, Havana, Cuba Monday, 22 December 1947 at 10.30 a.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 26, 1947 | 26/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.15 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/dd820qg2824 | dd820qg2824_90050094.xml | GATT_155 | 3,380 | 22,438 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.15
ON DU 26 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
.
.
.
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION
.
SUMMARY RECORD OF THE FIFTEENH MEETING
Held at the Capitol, Havana, Cuba
Monday, 22 December 1947 at 10.30 a.m.
Chairman: Mr. Erik COLBAN (Norway)
Mr. KARMARKAR (India) pointed to an error in the summary record of
his statement at the Committee' s thirteenth meeting (document E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13,
page 4). What he actually had said, was: "The question of the designatIon of
India as one of the states entitled to reserved seats on the Executive Board
in Alternative A of the Draft Charter had been decided after partition." He
had not made the second sentence of the statement attributed to him.
CONTINUATION OF DISCUSSION OF ARTICLE 81
Mr. COUILLARD.(Canada) stated his country's position with regard to
Article 81 and more specifically its relation to Articles 90 and 91. He had
always understood that under Article 17, paragraph 1, tariff negotiations were
mandatory. The fears of some countries, however, that under Article 17,
paragraph 2, powerful countries might force substantial tariff reductions on
weaker ones, and that in the case of refusal, the latter would be kept from
participation in the Organization, were not Justified in the light of the
experience at Geneva. Under Article 81 as drafted by the Preparatory Committee,
during the first few years the Tariff Committee composed of members that had
complied with the provisions of Article 17, would act independently of the
Conference. He suggested that a provision might be inserted in Article 81
saying that the Tariff Committee would be superseded when lts membership
became equal to that of the Organization.
Mr. KING (China) explained that two important issues were involved:
(1) the composition of the Tariff Committee, and (2) its statue, functions
and.powers. It was reasonable to confine membership at present to the
contracting parties to the General Agreement. In case, however, the Tariff
Committee's decisions affected the interests of a member which was not a member
of the Tariff Committee,. the latter should either have an opportunity to be
heard by the Tariff Committee or the decisions of the Committee should be
subject to review. It would be most undesirable to include, in the Charter,
/an article E/CONF.2/C .6/SR.15
Page 2
an article connoting permanent exclusiveness of the Tariff Committee since
that would be a constant reminder that some Members of the Organization were
not prepared to carry out their obligations under Article 17. He therefore
suggested that the Committee might revert to the draft contained in the
Report of the First Session of the Preparatory Committee, which established
an interim Tariff Committee. The first paragraph of Article 81 would then
read: "There shall be an Interim Tariff Committee which shall act temporarily
on behalf of the Organization in initiating the negotiations provided for
under paragraph 1 of Article 17 and in the making of recommendations and
determinations pursuant to paragraph 2 of Article 17".
As regards the question of membership of the Tariff Committee, he agreed
that membership should be confined to the contracting parties to the General
Agreement, but felt that a link was necessary between the Tariff Committee
and the Conference. He proposed the following text for paragraph 2: "The
Members of the Tariff Committee shall consist of those contracting parties
to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade referred to in Article 17,
paragraph 1 (d) which are Members of the Organization. The membership shall
be confirmed by the Conference. When the number of Members of the Tariff
Committee shall constitute two-thirds of the total number of Members of the
Organization, the Tariff Committee shall terminate, and its functions shall
be conferred on the Conference." Thus, at first, only the contracting parties
to the General Agreement would be members of the Tariff Committee, and then
gradually the membership of the Tariff Committee would increase and eventually
merge with that of the Conference. If his proposal were accepted, the phrase
in Article 74, paragraph 1: "Subject to the provisions of Article 81" might
be deleted in Article 90, paragraph 3, the following clause inserted: "Any
decision or determination of the Interim Tariff Committee may likewise be
reviewed by the Conference."
Referring to the statement by the representative of the Netherlands
at the fourteenth meeting, document (E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.14, page 5, sentence 2)
he explained that paragraph 4 of Article 91 solved the problem.
Mr. PARANAGUA (Brazil) thought that the discussion of the question of
the Tariff Committee needed further clarification. Article 74, paragraph 1,
gave to the Conference sovereign authority to determine the policies of the
Organization. A small sentence of the same Article, on the other hand,
assigned independent functions to the Tariff Committee. All questions
falling within the scope of the Tariff Committee were excluded from the
competence of the Conference. That meant that the Conference could not
intervene in the recommendations and decisions of the Tariff Committee. As
regards membership of the Tariff Committee, Article 81, paragraph 2, provided
/that the E/CONF.2/C .6/SR.15
Page 3
that the Tariff Committee should consist of all Members of the Organization
which pursuant to paragraph 1 (d) of Article 17 became contracting parties
to the General Agreement. Since Article 17 of the Draft Charter obliged
Members to the Organization to negotiate agreements, the membership of the
Tariff Committee would eventually be equal to that of the Organization.
Thus a new and unique inter-governmental organization would develop,
theoretically subordinate to the Trade Organization, but practically
independent, since no organ of the Trade Organization could change its
recommendations or decisions. The United States State Department Bulletin
of 26 October 1947,.contained the same conclusion.
The autonomous Tariff Committee was the legitimate successor of the
"Interim Trade Committee" of the London Report (Article 67) and of the
nameless committee frequently referred to as the CONTRACTING PARTIES in the
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade of Geneva (Article II, paragraph 6 (a),
Article XXV and Article XXIX, paragraph 2 (b). That body had the precise
function of supervising the implementation of the General Agreements on
Tariffs and Trade. Although in principle no weighted vote was provided,
Article XXV, paragraph 5 (a) of the General Agreement determined that the
contracting parties might define by a two-thirds vote certain categories of
exceptional circumstances to which other voting requirements should apply
for the waiver of obligations. In reply of the argument that the United
States delegation and other supporters of the weighted vote in the Conference
had. agreed to the "one country-one vote" formula, he raised the question
whether there would ever be enough votes at the Havana Conference to adopt
weighted voting in the Tariff Committee which, after all, according to the
Draft Charter, would be similar to an inter-governmental agency of a special
autonomous character.
If Article 74, paragraph 1 and. Article 81 of the Draft Charter were
modified in Havana, then according to the proviso of Article XXIX, paragraph 2
of the General Agreement giving the contracting parties the power to consider
such modifications, it would be impossible to bring the General Agreement
into force. Article XXIX of the General Agreement gave to each contracting
party the right of veto regarding any modification of the Draft Charter
incorporated in the General Agreement, which might be made in Havana. Thus
the question of modification, in Havana, of the Draft Charter, as set forth
in the General Agreement, might lead to the extraordinary situation that the
Charter, adopted by sixty nations in Havana could not prevail over the
Geneva Draft if one of the contracting parties of the General Agreement had
exercised its right of veto. Thus, countries negotiating agreements under
Article 17, and adhering to the General Agreement, would get the provisions
/of the Geneva E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.15 Page 4 of the Geneva Charter and not of the Havana Charter which they had adopted.
Mr. FORTHOMME (Belgium) reserved the right to make certain observations
later. Having participated in the drafting of the General Agreement he felt
that the discussion showed a misinterpretation of the text of the Agreement
and of the intentions of the authors of the Report of the First Session of
the Preparatory Committee. As regards the Chinese proposal to revort to
the expression "Interim Tariff Committee", he pointed out that the Report,
page 26, specified that the Interim Tariff Committee, would exist and start
operations Iong before the coming into being of the Organization. Therefore
the Tariff Committee was called an interim body; it was provided, that once
the Organization was constituted, the Interim Committee would transfer its
functions to the Organization. That did not exclude the possibility of the
creation of a Tariff Committee at the constituent, or some later session
of the Conference.
In reply to the representative of Brazil with regard to the question
of voting, he remarked that Article XXV, paragraph 5 (a) of the General
Agreement on Tariffs and Trade was based on Article 74, paragraph 3 of the
Draft Charter. He referred to the recent examination in this Committee
of Article 74, paragraph 3 and recalled that the question of weighted voting
was not involved in that connection; on the contrary, what was considered
was the establishment of certain categories of exceptions to which simple
majority vote would apply. Article XXV, paragraph 5 (a) of the General
Agreement pursued the same purpose as the provisions of Article 74,
paragraph 3 (a) of the Draft Charter. In connection with the question of
veto, raised by the representative of Brazil, he noted that he had taken
active part in the discussion in Geneva which had been based on the assumption
that there would be no automatic substitution of General Agreement clauses by
the Charter. But finally, in order to avoid the impression that the Geneva
text was to be imposed on the Havana Conference, provision was made for
automatic substitution of the Geneva Text by the Havana text. It should be
considered, however, that the contracting parties to the General Agreement
had made tariff concessions on the assumption that. the Geneva text would be
accepted in Havana, Changes in the Geneva Charter might make these concessions
impossible. Therefore, it had been necessary to make provision that with
automatic substitution of the Charter for the Agreement, countries should have
an opportunity to lodge complaints. A question of negotiation, not of veto,
was involved. In case of disagreement - since a few countries could not
prevent the adoption of the Havana Charter - the only remaining possibility
would be for those countries to withdraw from the General Agreement and the
Charter.
/Mr. STINEBOWER E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.15
Page 5
Mr. STINEBOWER (United States) agreed with the representative of
Belgium. There was no question of blocking decisions at Havana, but if
certain members agreed to apply certain provisions among themselves in
addition to the provisions of the Charter, such agreement had no binding
effect on the rest of the Members.
Mr. FAWCETT (United Kingdom) agreed with the Belgian United States
representatives. His delegation's former stand on weighted voting did not
extend to the Tariff Committee.
Mr. SCHMITT (New Zealand) supported the Geneva text of paragraphs 1 and
2 of Article 81.
The CHAIRMAN closed the discussion of the question and referred to a
sub-committee consisting of Brazil, Canada, China, Cuba, Czechoslovakia,
Egypt, France, Italy, Mexico, Netherlands, Peru, Philippines, United Kingdom,
United States of America.
The sub-committee should establish liaison with the Chairman of the
Third Committee in view of the connection between Articles 17 and 81, the
sub-comittee might form a small legal group if necessary.
DISCUSSION OF ARTICLE 82
Paragraph 1
Mr. MACHADO (Cuba), suggested that in order to avoid rivalry between
the Director-General and the Executive Board, the Director-General might be
appointed by the Executive Board with the approval of the Conference. In
case of vacancy, the Executive Board could appoint a substitute whose
appointment would be confirmed by mail by the Members.
Mr. PARANAGUA (Brazil) did not see much difference between the original
text and the Cuban proposal. He preferred the present draft.
Mr. ENTEZAM (Iran) agreed that the paragraph should be maintained since
it might be embarrassing should a candidate appointed by the Executive Board,
be rejected by the Conference.
Mr. GAZDER (Pakistan) thought it might be desirable to require the
Executive Board to submit more than one name so that the Conference would
not be placed in a position where it might have to approve its only choice;
and Mr. MacCARTHY (Ireland) supported the draft text of paragraph 1 which
was then approved on first reding.
Paragraphs 2 and 3
Approved on first reading.
DISCUSSION OF ARTICLE 83
At the suggestion of the Chairman, Mr.FEDRANO (Argentina) and
Mr. ALAYZA (Peru) agreed to combine their amendments to Article 83.
. E/CONF.2/C 6/SR.15
Page 6
Mr. MACHADO (Cuba) supported the Argentine-Peru amendment. It was
necessary to be careful not to create a "diotator-general" instead of a
Director-General.
Mr. FEDRANO (Argentina) believed that the appointment of the Deputy
Directors-General and determination of their duties and responsibilities
should be left to the Executive Board, rather than to the decision of the.
single man.
Mr. STINEBOWER (United States) thought that the provision in the present
text, that the Deputy Directors-General would be appointed in accordance
with regulations approved by the Conference, left sufficient control to
the Conference. Sincs the Deputy Directors-General were member of the
staff responsible to the Director-General, the appointment should depend
on him.
Otherwise, owning their position to the Executive Board or the
Conference they would, ln the case of a difference of opinion, regardd
hemselvese responsible to the body which had appointed them an - ;
intolerable situation would arise. He called attentioc to thenoaot that ta
provisions had been made in the United Nations Charter, of the thatif tbeÏ7t
culture Organization for the appointment of Deputy Director-uty Dirëcta -
J1
General who had assumed to be part of the staff appointed by the
al.eator-Geziorai .
The ceAIRMAN recalled that in the Leogue of Nations! long existenoe ;
he badetary-r natod any difficulties or complaints regarding the Secréaryt
General's appointment of his staff, including the Under.Secretarios; he had
had, of course, to submit ther namas to the Council and his -udget to
the Aesembly which thus had retained ample control. '
er. FAWCETT (Unit.d Kingdom) opposedthe amendment for.. the saM
reasons as those Siven by thi Unitod States representative.He quoted
thecle 101 of the United Nations Charter, which spoke on4y of' het W
d by they-Geùerai. appointinghie staff under regulations establiahsd. y
General Asaembly. . . .-
Mr COUILLARD (Canada) felt that if a man coule be auffioie t ytrsted
as the ¢hief administrative officer of the Organ±zation, then ho should
alse be trusted with the appointment of hie entire staff. A clash of
personalities might develop if the Board or the Conference app ilte.ihis-
deputies. , '
Mr. PALBY' (France) supported the proenert* extand theoArtic1.78;
suffientiyclarifîed.he Boardltifcions; *Theé Board as'we' s thè -
DirectorGenera id.more .r lees permanent functions felt thit the
Director-General should have the right to select hie principal collaborators
/but he E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.15
Page 7
but he felt sure that he would not appoint his Deputies without first
consulting with the Conference or the Board in view of the political
importance of their positions.
Mr. MacCARTHY (Ireland) was of the opinion that the power to appoint
the Deputy Directors-General should rest with the Conference in the same
manner as the appointment of the Director-General himself, upon the
recommendation of the executive Board.
Mr. TANGE (Australia) strongly opposed the amendment. There was no
difference of principle between the appointment of the Deputy Directors-
General and other members of the staff. The danger of dual allegiance
was grave, and the Charter included sufficient checks in the regulations
to be approved by the Conference in the budgetary provisions of the
Organization and in the principle of geographic distribution of the staff.
The Conference had these controls; the Director-General should have control,
on the other hand, over the individuals who assisted him in carrying out
the obligations and duties he had assumed towards the Conference.
Undesirable influences and anomalous situations would otherwise result.
Mr. FEDRANO (Argentina) referred to the International Civil Aviation
Organization where the Deputy Directors-General were responsible to the
Executive Board, It was more important to avoid the dangers of
misunderstandings or friction between the Board and the Director-General
than between the latter and his Deputies.
Mr. HOLLOWAY (South Africa) said that the problem was threefold:
(1) The principle of who would have the power of appointment, (2) the
procedure in carrying out that principle, and (3) the determination of
responsibility under that procedure. As to the first, he thought that the
final authority should rest with the Conference which might, of course,
delegate its powers. As to the other two points, he thought that the
Conference would in due course decide on the proper procedures without
their necessarily being incorporated in the Charter. The staff had to work
under the Director-General, and the responsibilities could be laid down in
the regulations.
The CHAIRMAN recalled the earlier discussions in Geneva when it was
decided to omit reference to Deputy Director-General from the text in order
not to prejudge the issue and warned against the dangers of divided authority.
He agreed that the final word must remain with the Conference but thought
that the draft text and in particular the regulations safeguarded that.
The best solution was to have a trusted person in the position of Director-
General and then let him make the decisions under the regulations.The
Conference could exercise the control by budgetary allotments as wall.
/His personal E/CONF. 2/C.6/SR.15
Page 8
His personal opinion was that the draft text was adequate and he asked
whether the Argentine and Peru delegations would pass it in first reading,
if that was the feeling of the Committee.
Mr. FEDRANO (Argentina) reserved his position and wished his
delegation's amendment to be recorded if the Committee adopted the text
without amendments.
Mr. ALAYZA (Peru) said that he would abide by the general feeling in
the Committee.
Mr. ENTEZAM (Iran) moved the closure of the debate, and was seconded
by Mr. PACHACHI (Iraq). Mr. MACHADO (Cuba) thought that a motion for
closure could not be presented as a point of order, and Mr. AMADOR (Mexico)
also opposed the closure.
The CHAIRMAN asked for an informal show of hands to determine the
Committee's feelings regarding closure and noted seventeen for closure and
eleven for continuation of the discussion. The total being less than
one-half of the number of delegations, the Chairman ruled the debate to
be continued.
Mr. KARMARKAR (India) suggested the formation of a small sub-committee.
Mr. MACHADO (Cuba) said the vice-presidents were elected or cabinet
members in governments appointed by their parliaments because of their
importance in politics and policy formulation. The Director-General should
freely appoint all the members of his staff except the five or six next
most important posts. The reference to the Deputy Directors-General in
Article 83, paragraph 1, should be deleted, and the Executive Board should
be given the right to appoint, with the concurrence of all Members and the
Director-General.
Mr. MacCARTHY (Ireland) suggested the insertion in the second line of
the text of the words "...to appoint Deputy Directors-General subject to
the approval of the Executive Board and in accordance...."
Mr. GAZDER (Pakistan) appealed for the retention of the present text
to assure the efficient working of the Organization.. Article 82, already
approved in the first reading, conferred onerous responsibilities on the
Director-General who would not be able to discharge them properly unless he
had the authority to appoint his whole staff.
Mr.AMADOR (Mexico) noted that the amendments clearly provided for
the appointment of the Deputies "upon the recommendation of the Director-
General" and "at the proposal of the Director-General" respectively. The
Director-General would select and propose only persons who enjoyed his
full confidence and who were qualified for such an important position. Their
position was, however, only of an administrative character. The Executive
/Board should E/CONF. 2/C. 6/SR. 15
Page 9
Board should have the right to appoint the Deputy Directors-General, selected
and recommended by the Director-General.
The CHAIRMAN announced the following sub-committee to consider
Article 83 further:
Argentina
Ireland (Chairman)
New Zealand
Peru
United Kingdom
Paragraphs 2 and 3
Agreed in first reading. |
|
GATT Library | nq764wg9897 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Summary record of the Fifth Meeting held at the Capital, Havana, Cuba, Friday, 5 December 1947 at 10:30 a.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 5, 1947 | 05/12/1947 | official documents | E/CON.2/C.6/SR.5 and E/CONF.2/C.6/103/ADD.2-112C.6/SR.1-7/CORR.1 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/nq764wg9897 | nq764wg9897_90050064.xml | GATT_155 | 2,790 | 19,252 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CON.2/C.6/SR.5
ON DU 5 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION SUMMARY RECORD OF THE FIFTH MEETING
Held at the Capitol, Havana, Cuba,
Friday, 5 December 1947 at 10:30 a.m.
Chairman: Mr. Erick COLBAN (Norway)
DISCUSSION OF THE MEXICAN AMENTTMEN TO ARTICLE 70 (CREATION OF A COMMITTEE
FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT)
Mr. ESCANDON (Mexico), read the proposed. terms of ref erence of the
Committee f or Econonic Development. (The precise text of his proposal was
not available and will be circulated. as a document of the Sixth Committee as:
soon as possible.)
Mr. LORETO (Yegezuela) warmly endorsed the Mexican amendment, calling
it a most important implementation of the Charter for countries with an
incipient industrial development such as his own. He urged that the
establishment of the Committee on Economic Development be included in the
Charter itself. The Organization could do that in accordance with the rules
laid down in Article 95, i.e. by an affirmative vote of two-third of the
Members. No other inter-governmental agency wes adequately equipped to handle
the task that Committee would face.
Mr. MUNOZ (Cuba) also endorsed the Mexican amendment. The establishment
of the Committee for Economic Development was just as important as that of - the
Tariff Committee and should, therefore, likewise be included in the Charter,
so as to harmonize different principles embodied in the Charter.
Mr. POLITIS (Greece) agreed with the substance of the Mexican amendment
but recalling a discussion in the Second. Committee suggested. the inclusion
of the words "and. Reconstruction" so as to safeguard the needs of war
devastated Countries like Greece. His views were endorsed by Mr. MONDELLO
(Iialy).
Mr. ZORLU (Turkey supported the Mexican proposal and added that in view
of the complex nature of the problem a joint- sub-committee should be formed
to studay the matter, drawn, from the Second and the Sixth Committee, as
suggested the Chairman.
. /Mr. BANERJI E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.5
Page 2 .
Mr. BANERJI (India) clarified the position taken by his delegation
at Geneva in regard to Article 70 in the light of the assurances of the
French delegation that such a Committee would in fact later be set up.
He was in full accord with the principles of the Mexican amedment but
found certain difficulty in defining exact scope of the propositions and
functions of such a Committee and considered that the details had to be
reexamined by a sub-committee.
Mr. TANGE (Australia) recalled that Australia was always in the forefront
of those who had advocated in the Preparatory Committee the assignment to the
Organization of important responsibilities in the field of economic
development and advanced, a proposal for the establishment of a special
Commission for Economic Development. However, the conclusion was reached: in
Geneva, that it would be unwise to specify subordinate machinery and reference
to specialized commissions and committees was omitted in the Charter. This
Conference should not attempt to establish such machinery which later could
be adjusted only with difficulty but it should keep the Charter flexible and
leave the decision to the Organization itself. The Sixth Committee being a
Committee of administrative experts should concern itself with administrative
aspects only and should study whether the proposed Committee would contribute
to the administrative Machinery for the efficient discharge of the functions
of of the Organization. After careful examination, it would be found that many
ponsibilities and functions of the Organizations arising out of ChapterIll
would fall to the Executive Board, in the first place. How would the proposed
Committee fit in with the Exe -tive Board and its machinery: Furthermore,
there were important differences between the Tariff Committee and the proposed
Committee, inasmuch as the former had been assigned the definite functions of a
"little conference" a nd wad compos only of those Members who had agreed to
reduce their tariffs.He urged that the simple structure of the Charter be
retain and the details of the machinery be left for alater decision by the
Organization.
Mr. TINOCO (Costa Rica) in support of the Mexican proposal emphasized.
that the need for a higher standard of living was more important than the
increase of international trade for its own sake. Free interchange of
merchandise suffered as much from exorbitant or discriminatory freight rates.
and excessive and unequal maritime insurance rates as from high tariffs.
The proposed committee would concern itself with the elimination of obstacles
which hampered the economic development of countries. Important functions
should be assigned to it in the field of international investment, for exampls,
the avoidance of double taxtion.
/Mr. HOLMES E/Conf.2/C.6/SR.5
Page 3
Mr. HOLMES (United Kingdom) felt that the Mexican amendment went too far,
particular as long as it could be assumed that the Organization would
faithfully follow the purposes and objectives laid down in Chapter I. It
would better to defer the question of establishing the proposed Committee
until after discussing Article 79. He agreed with the observations by the
Australian and United States representatives with regard to the bearing which
the decision to formalize the Committee in the Charter might have in relation
with other international organizations. There was danger of overlapping among
the multifarious international organizations set up after the war and
duplication would be almost unavoidable. The additional expense of
establishing the Committee should. not be overlooked at a time when no
budgetary provisions had been made. At any rate, much further study should
precede a final decision in the matter.
Mr. KUMLIN (Sweden) doubted whether the creation of the Committee was
the proper means to achieve the purpose of it with which he fully agreed and
he suggested Article 70 be adopted without the Mexican amendment in first
reading. In that case, the same discussion could later be developed in the
Organization when fuller documentation and a better knowledge of voting
procedures would make a decision much easier.
Mr. GAIFFIER (Belgium) while fully endorsing the alms behind the
Mexican amendment, stated that he could only support it if he could be
convened that the creation of the Committee would in fact achieve them.
In the. near future such a Committee might not be needed anymore and it
might then be very difficult to change the Charter. Flexibility of the
Charter offered the greatest advantage for all countries and should therefore
be retained.
Mr. COUILLARD (Canada) suggested postponing the decision until other
international organizations and organs of the United Nations dealing with
economic development were fully organized and properly functioning. And even
inside of the Organization until Chapter III had been finally decided upon,
it was not possible to define the scope and functions of the Committee without
risking overlapping and duplication. Before discussing the matter further,
it was necessary to know (1) the functions of the Organization, (2) the
functions of other United Nations organs, (3) the decisions of the Economic
and Social Council, particularly regarding duplications and expenses, and
(4) the nature and contents of the special agreements between the Organization
and other bodies as provided for in Article 84.
Mr. ROUCHDY (Egypt) supported the Mexican amendment and the creation of a
sub-committee to study all aspects of the proposed Committee and of the
functions of other United Nations organs.
/Mr. WOULDBROUN E /CON. 2/C./S/R.5
Page 4
Mr. WOULDBROUN (Luxembourg) hed certain reservations to make about the
Mexican amendment with the principles of which he aympathized. He endorsed.
the need, for a careful study of all interested. bodies and called. the attention
to the responsibilties of specialized. agencies and of the organs of the
Economic and Social Council like the Economic and Employment Comission/
the Sub-Commission on Economic Development, the Economic Commissions for
Euroe and the Far East and the proposed Economic Comssion for Latin America
All these organs were more or less seized. with questions of economic
developent ,as were also the International Bank for reconstruction and
Development, the Food and Agricuture Orgnizatioa and the International
Labour Organization. The Mexicen proposal to permit the proposed. Committee"
to intercede with the International Bank was fraught with dangerous Implications
in view of the fact that the Bank partly depended upon private money markets
and had to remain entirely autonomous as was recognized in the relationship
agreemeni the Bank concluded with the United Nations.: The questioni of
double taxation, mentioned. by the representative of Costa Rica, w'as already
the subject of a: study by the Fiscal Conmission of the Council which could
advise-the Orgiaiization of the results. of their investigation. The smaller
countries particulariy had. to be careful to avoid. duplication and ovorlapping
so as to keep the Organization from being over-caomaplicated avoid.
unnecessary expenses.- .
Mr. KOJEVA (France) suggested that, before a decision on the Mexioan
amendment was taken, the relations between the Organization and other organs
delaling with international finance (as mentioned in Article 84)be more
studied Onlyafter the completion of that study hould the aub committe be
appointed.. He also endorsed. the insertion of the words "and Reconstruction"
offered by the representatives of Italy and France. -
Mr, ZORLU (Turkey) supported. the creation of the Committes and of the
sub-committee to study the Mexican amendment jointly with ComitteeII. He
pointed out that while the increase of purchasing power by means of
multilateral agreements to reduce tariffs had been applied on a large,
other methods to the same end by assisting in the economic development of
under-developed-countries had never been tested. His delegation conesidered
the latter metho to be the really durable one while the former
conditionss for a short time only. He was grateful to the high industrialized
countries for their including in the Charter provisions for a general
reduction of tariff barriers, but felt that unless this move implemented
with the necessary' economic development, the under-developed would
find themselves in a worse position than before. Internal purchasing power
in agricultural countries could. not increase pace with that in industrialized
countries and the disequilibrium in the balanced of paymentes was bound to
increase -
/Mr. W. KING E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.5
Page 5
Mr. W. KING (China) supported the Maxican amendment. It should not be
too difficult to avoid duplication and over-lapping after a propar study in
a sub-committee of the, problems involved. The Committee would have to deal
with practical matters while the Council's organs would only be studying
theoretical aspects of the problems.
Mr. WATERSON (Union of South Africa) appreciated the motives underlying
the Mexican amendment which desarved careful study but expressed certain doubts
regarding it. Experience had shown that outside economic assistance to a
country depended on the latter's political and financial stability.
From his experience as Minister of Economic Development, he felt that
it would be very difficult to de-limit the functions of the proposed Committee
the ramifications of which would be numerous.
Referring to the remarks of the representative of Costa Rica he felt that
to entrust the committee with the examination of such questions as capital
investment, freight and, double taxation would be contrary to the provisions
of Articles79.
Instead of establishing a rigid, unwieldy organization, it would be better
to leave until a later stage the question of setting up machinery for
Chapter III.
Mr. GAZDAR (Pakistan) felt that if the principles of Article I of the
Charter were adopted, the Conference had to adopt some provisions, also for
their implamantation. Underdeveloped countries like Pakistan needed machinery
in the Organization for economic development.
Concerning the question of duplication of work, he pointed out that
contrary to other organizations the Organization would deal with the problem
in practice; besides, co-ordination could always be arranged.
The Sixth Committee should take its decisions on the Mexican proposal
indepenently of other committees; the Plenary Seesion could later decide to
appoint a joint commitee, if necessary.
Mr. LIMA (E1 Selvador) said that the two aspects of the Mexican proposal -
(1) the amendment of Article 70, and (2) the structure of the proposed
Commitee - could be examined separately. The second aspect could be examined
later in conjunction with the structure of other bodies of the Organization.
Witth regard to the first aspect there seemed to be general agreement on
the need for an Economic Development Commitee. The E1 Salvador delegation
favoured the immediate establishment of a permanent committee which would which would link
the financ and economic development activities of the Organization to
ralated activities of other organization. The argument of duplication of work
with other United Nations bodies was not convincing since duplication was
unavoidable at the formative sage and could be eliminated later.
/Moreover E/CONF 2/C 6/SR 5
Page 6
Moreover if a system of weighted, voting were adopted the under-developed
countries would not have an adequate representation corresponding to their
needs on the Executive Board which according to the Charter would exercise
certain powers over the activities of the Commissions
He suggested the inclusion of the committee in Article 70 at the first
reading and the examination later of the committee's structure.
Mr HERNANDEZ (Venezuela) noting that the majority favoured the Mexican
proposal proposed the closure of the debate and the appointment of a
sub committee for further examination of the matter
Mr BLUESZTEIN (Poland) noted a general desire that the Organization
should concentrate on economic development Without criticizing any
particular organization he thought that the numerous international attempts
tQ promote economic development had not been successful
Co ordination of economic development activities by the Committee
envisaged in the Mexican proposal would constitute an interference in the
work of the Economic and Social Council which was the supreme co ordinating
organ in the economic field The terms of reference of the Committee should be
based on Chapter III Article 10 which limited considerably the work of the
Organization in th field of economic development
Poland s experience with international economic commissions was not
a Very happy one Poland needed. not advice but finance
In reply to a remark by the representative of Venezuela the CHAIRMAN
declared that the debate would be closed after the list of speakers had been
exhausted
Mr NASH (New Zealand) noted that the matter was of such Importance that
both at Lake Success and in Geneva it had been decided to set up Commissions
dealing with economic development Chapter III covered all points the
only remaining question was whether Article 70 should. be amended so as to
include a committee on economic development That however had. to be
decided by the Second Committee Mr Nash consequently supported the
Chairman's suggestion to comunicate with the Second Committee concerning
the question of appointing a joint sub committee of the Second end Sixth
Committees
Mr ESCANDON (Mexico) noted the general pro occupation of the Conference
with the problem of economic development which was fundamental to economically
less developed countries He reserved the right to answer later in detail some
of the objections raised against his proposal
He pointed out however that in order to make the Charter complete and
avoid doubts machinery had to be provided to carry out all its aims The
matter was of practical importance to under-developed countries which were in
the majority at the Confrence
/The CHAIRMAN E/CONF.2./C.6/SR.5 Page 7
The CHATRMAN though that it would be impossible to consider the
question of amanding Artiele 70 without taking into account the second part
of the Mexican proposal and suggested that the matter should be referred to
a sub-committee consisting of the representatives of Australia, Belgiua, China,
Colombia, Freanc, Pakistan, Mexico, South Africa, Turkey, United States of
Amarica and Venezuela. The sub-committee would start is work after the
Chairman had consulted the Chairman of the Second Committee.
The terms of reference of the sub-committee would be to study
a Article 70 of the Geneva Charter; 2. The Mexican proposal on the
establishment of the Economic Development Committee and on scope and
function of such a Committee; 3. The possibility of duplication of the work
of other United Nation bodies; 4. Financial and other implications of the
establishment of an Econmic Development Committee.
Upon suggestion by Mr. AUGENTRALER (Czechoalovakia) the Chairman agreed
to request the Executive Secretary to inform the Sub-Commission on Economic
Development of the Economic and Social Council of the Mexican proposal
Wr. TANGS (Australia) thought that the sub-committee should also
take into account other articles of the Charter dealing with organizational
matters which might have bearing on the functions of the proposed Committee.
The CHAIRMAN agreed, pointing out that the sub-committee should study
the advisability of establishing an economic development committee, taking
into account the Executive Board's powers and duties.
The EXECUTIVE SECRETARY said that the Secretariat would present to the
sub-committee a paper showing the plans and programmes of the organs of the
economic and Social Council in the field of economic development, together
with the records of the current Meeting of the Sub-Commission on Economic
Development. |
|
GATT Library | gh748nw4020 | Sixth Committee Organization : Summary record of the First Meeting. Held at the Capital, Havan, Cuba, Wednesday, 26 November 1947, at 10.45 a.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, November 26, 1947 | 26/11/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.1 and E/CONF.2/C.6/103/ADD.2-112C.6/SR.1-7/CORR.1 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/gh748nw4020 | gh748nw4020_90050057.xml | GATT_155 | 86 | 707 | United Nations Nations Unies
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE UNRESTRICTED
ON DU E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.1
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI 26 November 1947
COMMERCE ET L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
9149
SIXTH COMMITTEE ORGANIZATION
SUMMARY RECORD OF THE FIRST MEETING
Held at the Capitol, Havan, Cuba, Wednesday, 26 November 1947, at 10. 45 a.m.
The Committee met at 10.45 a.m. under the acting Chairmanship of the
President of the Conference, (Mr. Sergio I. Clark).
Mr. Erik Colban (Norway) was unanimously elected Chairman of the
Committee.
The Comittee adjourned at 10.50 a.m. |
|
GATT Library | wp237vy4412 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Summary record of the Fourteeth Meeting. Held at the Capital, Havana, Cuba Thursday, 18 December 1947 at 4.00 p.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 19, 1947 | 19/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.14 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/wp237vy4412 | wp237vy4412_90050090.xml | GATT_155 | 3,924 | 25,888 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.14
ON DU 19 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION SUMMARY RECORD OF THE FOURTEMNH MEETINGT
Held at the Capitol, Havana, Cuba
Thursday, 18 December 1947 at 4.00 p.m .
Chairman: Mr. Erik COLBAN (Norway)
It was agreed the delegate of El Salvador should replace the deleateg
of Chile in the Sub-Committee on Article 75 as the latter delegate would
be unable to participate.
Mr. MACHADO (Cuba) said that he wished to present for the Drafting
Sub-Committee's consideration, a drafting amendment to Article 78,
paragraph 2, in order to make quite clear that the Organization could make
only general recommendations to specialized agencies for co-ordination of
work.. The Spanish text of that paragraph was not very clear.
The CHAIRMAN noted general agreement with the Cuban suggestion. He
said that the Second Committee, had decided to add Brazil to the Joint Sub-
Committee of the Second and Sixth Committees.
The Committee agreed with the decision of the Second Committee.,
The CHAIRMAN noted that the representative of Czechoslovakia had
presented some amendments to Article 69 (c) and 75 (document E/CONF.2/C.6/12/
Add.3). The amendment to Article 69 might be discussed at the second
reading, while the amendment to Article 75 could be referred to, the
Sub-Committee.
DISCUSSION OF ARTICLE 81
The CHAIRMAN explained that amendments had been presented to Artilcle 81,
Paragraph 1, the reprssamtatoves of Itely, Mexico and Peru.
Since the Third Committee's decision on Article 17 and another Peruvian
emendment presented there would, influence the decision with regard to the
present amendment of Peru, he suggested that the latter should be passed over
for the time being.
Mr. ALAYZA (Peru) agreed with the Chairman's suggestion.
The CHAIRMAN then turned to the consideration of the Italian and Mexican
amendments.
/Mr. MONDELLO E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.14
Page 2
Mr. MONDELLO (Italy) explained that in view of the doubts of some
countries, not represented at the Preparatory Committee regarding the
criteria for the Tariff Committee's decisions and their revision under
Article 89, paragraph (c) especially as it affected the provisions of
Article 99, his delegation had suggested an amendment to the text of
Article 81. It consisted of two parts: First, the criterion for the
decisions to be taken by the Tariff Committee, which would consist of the
contracting parties to the General Agreement on Tariffe and Trade with
regard to tariff reductions negotiated by other states under Article 17.
Although Italy would probabIy not be affected directly, it felt that the
matter was important to other countries. The formula suggested was of a
general character and similar to that of Articles 90, paragraph, 4; 91,
paragraph 4; and 93, Alternative A, paragraph 2. The second part of the
amendment concerned revision of the Tariff Committee's decisions; it was
to make clear, in the Charter, that the decisions ofthe Tariff Committee
as well as those of the Conference and the Executive Board, would b e
subject to revision .
Mr. KOJEVE (France) agreed with the representative of Italy with regard
to the importance of appeal to the International Court of Justice, but
suggested that discussion of the amendment should be postponed until
consideration of Article 91.
Mr. HOLMES (United Kingdom) sympathized with the motives of the Italian
amendment but thought that it was rather vague and might lead to fuuret
controversies. He reserved the position of his delegation,.
As regards the Tariff Committee itself, he explained that one of
the purposes of the Organization was to reduce tariff and other trade
barriers in accordance with the provisions of Article 17 of the draft
Charter. Tariff agreements, such as those that had already been sucessfulyl
negotiated by some countries in Geneva, required the supervision of the
Tariff Committee. It was logical to limit the specialized function of
supervision of those Tariff agreements to countries which had carired out
their obligations under Article 17. The Tariff Committee's special membership
and consequent independent character and function had caused confusion and
even the suspicion that the Tariff Committee would be an exclusive club
unacessible to countries with no basis to carry out -the undertakings
contained in Article 17, and that the club's exclusiveness wouId enable the
members to exercise unduly powerful influence over the work of the
Organization. The experience in Geneva had shown that most countries could
find a basis for tariff agreements, but, in his opinion, even the fact that
/some countries E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.14
Page 3
some countries would not negotiate Tariff agreements would not necessarily
give sufficient ground to oppose their admission to the Tarif Committee.
Furthermore, the draft Charter contained provision in Article 89 for
adjustment of inequities through consultation between the members. The
Tariff Committee would mot necessarily be permanent; once a sufficient
number of members of the Organization had joined it on the basic of Tariff
agreements and its membership was equal to that of the Conference of the
Organization, appropriate changes in Article 81 could be made. If adopted.
ln principle, the amendments to the Article 81 could be referred to the
Third Committee for examination in connection with Article 17.
Mr, AMADOR (Mexico) felt that the first part of the Italian amendment
might lead, to misinterpretation and, furthermore, was superfluous in the
light of the Mexican amendment and the provisions of Articles 89, 90 and
91, which provided for appeal to other bodies against the Tarif Committee's
decisions. The Mexican proposal , as not based on the assumption that the
Tariff Committee would necessarily make unjust decisions and the
United Kingdom representative's explanations were re-assuring; nevertheless,
need for appeal might arise. He agreed with the intentions of the second
part of the Italian proposal but pointed out that under Article 91,
paragraph 2, Mombers could request an appeal to the Court against decisions
of the Conference; consequently, the Mexican proposal was more reaistie
and more in conformity with accepted procedure.
Mr. MONDELLO - (Italy) agreed with the representative of Mexico that
the latter's proposal was further removed. from the original text than his.
He thanked the representative of the United Kingdom for his explanations.
As regards the first part of his amendment, he thought that It might be
re-drafted in conformity with the text of Article 93, paragraph 2.
Mr. AUGENITHALER (Czechoslovekia), while expressing no definite
opinion on the matter, observed. that other provisions of the Charter-
provided for "unreasonable" action on the part of the Conference and the
Executive Board; the same should therefore apply to the Tariff Committee.
In view of the fact that the Court reviewed legal questions, while the
Tariff Committee would deal with commercial matters, he preferred the
Mexican amendment.
Mr. STINEBOWER (United States) suggested that the first part of
the Italian amendment should be discussed in connection with Chapter VIII.
He noted that under Article 91, matters could be referred to the
Court only through the Conference. He objected to the Mexican amendment
/because Page 4
because, while stating the obvious truth, it overlooked the procedure
provided in Articles 89 and 90 for appealing to the Executive Board and
the Conference. He therefore supported the Geneva draft of Article 81,
paragraph 1.
Mr.MACHADO (Cuba) and Mr. GARCIA SERRANO (Uruguay) Supported the
Mexican amendment.
Mr. ALAYZA (Peru) pointed out that a provision that the Tariff Committee,
ln its decisions, should avoid causing unfair injury to Members, might
invole the important question of determination of equilibrium between the
interests of Members by the Tariff Committee. This would raise the question
of the scope of it decisions and bring up the question of the
Jurisdiction of the Court.
Mr. RIVERA (Columbia) felt that the additions to Article 81 proposed
by Italy were important. Decisions of the Tariff Committee regarding
tariff agrements might affect other countries which were not parties
to them. To protect those countries the rules of procedure of the
Tariff Committee should provide that text of agreements should be
distribute to all Membere of the Organization. As regards the second part
of the Italian amendment, he felt that although provision for appeal was
most important commercial questions should not be sent to the Court
directly, but referred to the Executive Board. and the Conference first.
The CHAIRMAN thought that the first part of the Italian amendment,
if accepted, should, be included in Article 17 rather than 81. He
therefore. suggested that it should be referred. to the Third Committee.
for consideration together with other amendments to Article 17.
With regard to the second part, it had been suggested that it
should be considered with Chapter VIII, He then turned to the consideration
of the Mexican proposal and explained that it was a question of repeating.
in article 81 provisions implied in Charter VIII. He suggested, that
the Committee might adopt in first reading the text of Article 81
unchanged iln th . second reading, in the light of decisions with regard.
to Article 17 and Chapter VIII, the Committee might decide whether th :
Mexican amendment was necessary. - .
Mr. GAZDER (Pakistan) suggested that the debate regardin -th .
Mexica - amendment be continued so that Article 81 could be disposed o. -
Mr. .VIRATA (Philippines) inquired - in view of the Mexican.
amendments Importance in the light of Article 17, paragraph 2, which
provided, for the withdrawl from membershipiln the Organization, whether,
it ha . been clearly establishe , that the Tariff Committee had to report
to the Board or to the Conference; to which the CHAIRMAN replie . that the
supreme position of the Conference was establishe . in Article 70.
/Mr. AMADOR Page 5
Mr. AMADOR (Mexico) regretted being unable to agree with the
Chairman's suggestion. The Mexican and Italian amendments were of too
great importance to be passed over even at the first reading because
Chapter VIII, Articles 89, 90 and 91, which dealt with the Settlement
of Differences, did not anywhere mention the Triff Committee. Article 81,
on the other hand, did not Include provisions permitting an appeal from
the tariff Committee's decision to either the Board or the Coference.
Thus, aggrieved Members would be barred. from any appeal altogether,
and their interests might be seriously injured. He urged the Chairman
to reconsider his stand and to include the Mexican amendment in
Article 81, paragraph 1 on first reading.
Mr. TANGE (Australia) felt that before a decision was taken on the
Mexican amendment it would be necessary to examine Article 89.
Paragraphs (a) and (b) of that Article did not allow an appeal
against a. decision of the, Tariff Committee while the meaning of,
paragraph (c ), which spoke of "any other situation", would have to be
considerably stretched to allow such an appeal. If Article 89, was meant
to include such an appeal, it should state so more clearly.
He also suggested that the terms "unfair injury" in the Italian
amendment, and. "without sufficient justification" in Article 17, parargraph 2,
might be discussed and clarified at the same time.
Mr. de VRIES (Netherlands) remarked that the word determinen" appeared
only once in Article 17, paragraph 2, in the sense in which it apparently was
used in Article 81, and. that he was concerned about the implications of that
wording. He further stated that the fact that Article 17, paragraph 2,.
allowed not more than 60 days for a Member's withdrawal, would, in effect
make it impossible for anybody to take an appeal from the, Tariff Committee
to the International Court of Justice. The whole matter should be discussed
in ço-ordination with the Third Committee.
Mr. FORTHOMME (Belgium) felt that there was need to keep the
architectural order of the Charter intact. He said that Chapter VIII was
the result of efforts to bring all provisions for the settlement of
differences and revision of decisions together.
Mr. KOJEVE (France) believed that the Italian amendment should not be
divided into two separate parts. As the term "unfair inury" was not a
legally definable term, and as the, determinations of the Tariff Committee might
not be considered to be of a striotly legal nature either, the International
Court of Justice might very well declare itself incompetent to deal with the
matter,. As far as the Mexican amendment he called attention to
the implications of Article 17, and also agreed with the Australia
representative's remarks about the uncertain meaning of Article 89,
paragraph (c).
/Furthermore, Furthermore, certain variations in the text, such as when Article 79
spoke of "the Conference shall establish such Committees as may be required
for the performance of the functions of the Organization..," while
Article 81 said. "'There shall be... and "shall act on belief of the
Organization.... .", might later give rise to far reaching interpretations.
The Mexican "amendment would resolve those difficulties and make
certain that Article 91could be invoked after an appeal had been made to
the Board and to the Conference.
Mr. BLUSZTEIN (Poland) remarked. that the Peruvian amendment would
help to clarity the situation by deleting the words "and determine". The
Tariff Committee could then only make recomendations, while the Executive
Board would make determinations or decisions. If the Geneva text of the
Charter were adopted, it would grant very exceptional powers to the Tariff Committee.
The CHAIRMAN explained, in reply, that discussion of the Peruvian
amendment has been postponed until a similar Peruvian amendment to Article 17
had been disposed of.
Mr. ALAYZA (Peru) emphasized that the Eubstance of the proposal ought
to be decided by the Sixth Committee, regardless of whether that was done
in connection with Article 81 or at the time Chapter VIII was being
discussed. Oh a point of order he proposed that in the second reading all
such problems be considered by the Sixth Committee, or by a Joint
sub-committee, but in any event they should not be considered separately
Mr. VIRATA (Philippines) repeated his question regarding apparent
discrepancies between Article 17, 70, 81 and 89. If Article 89 allowed
an appeal against the Tariff Committee's decisions, he was satisfied,
particularly after the United States declaration; otherwise, he would
endmore the Mexican amendment.
Mr. MACHADO (Cuba) warmly endorsed the Mexican amendment against which
not a single representative had spoken. Chapter VIII did not provide for
any appeal, either in the English or the French text, and the matter was to
important to be lift to free interpretation. The Mexican amendment should
be adopted. in first reading, but could be taken up again after Chapter VIII
had been studied more closely.
The CHAIRMAN noted general approval with the proposition the
decisions of the Tariff Committee should be final and asked whether it
"would be possible to accept that fact in first reading to any
redraft which might be necessary in the light of the discussion of Article 89.
Mr. AMADOR (Mexico) declared of no consequence to him whether
... E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.14
Page 7
his amendment was incorporated in Article 81 or 89; it was only important
to his delegation that decisions of the Tariff Committee could be appealed
against. ;
Mr. STINEBOWER (United States) proposed the creation of a legal
sub-committee of legal experts which might study Article 89 and report whether
it considered it covered decisions of the Tariff Committee.
Mr.MONDELLO (Italy) endorsed the French representative's interpretation
of the Italian amendment. He was not oppose to the inclusion of the amendment
in Article 91, provided only that the Tariff Committee's decisions were not to
be final.
Mr. AUGENTHALER (Czeohoslovakia), in support of the Mexican amendment,
reserved his right to introduce an amendment to Article 70, which would
explicitly state that the Conference was the supreme body of the Organization
to which appeals could be made from the decisions of all its organ.
Mr, LORETO (Venezuela) noted that in the present text of Article 74 it
was specifically stated that the powers and duties of the Conference were
limited by,and "subject to the provisions of Article 81". Therefore the
Tariff Committee had been explicitly exempted from the final authority of
the Conference and unless the Italian or Mexican amendment was adopted, the
Tariff Committee's determinations were obviously and unalterably final,
regardless of Chapter VIII. Even if adopting the Italian amendment were
adopted, Article 91 referred in paragraph 5 to the supreme authority of the
Organization which was obliged to "modify" its resolutions or decision after
a differing opinion of the International Court; it was not the opinion
of the International Court itself which decided the matter.
It was most important the changes be introduced so as to permit a
review of the Tariff Committee's decisions and, for the reasons stated, he
endorsed the Mexican amendment.
Mr. TANGE (Australia) suggested that an equitable solution had to the
found to distinguish between those countries which had adhered already to the
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and those which had not made yet
tarift reductions required in Article 17. If, in accordance with Article 81,
paragraph 2, all countries, after making tariff reductions, became members
of the Tariff Committee, then the question would become purely academic. For
the transtion period, however, when perhaps only seventeen countries would
have made such reductions, a different treatment would have to be accorded.
them. His delegation would have to reserve its position until the composition
of the Committee and its voting majority had been determined.
Mr. r. DOM ND- (Haiti) reserved his position in the present discussion
/until his E/CONF2/C.6/SR.14
until his delegations amendment to Article 17 had been decided. .
Mr. KOJEVE (France) endorsed the United States suggestion for the study
of the matter by a sub-committee of legal experts who should also resolve,
the question, of what conditions applied in appealing to the International
Court of Justice, and under what conditions the Mexican amendment would
prejudge that.
The CHAIRMAN declared that a sub-committee to study Article 81 would
be appointed by him after the discussion of the remaining paragraphs. He
agreed that the reference in Article 74 which the Venezuelan representative
had called to his attention, was a most important one.
Paragraph 2
Mr. ALAYZA (Peru) in explaining his delegation's amendment referred
to the remarks made by the United Kingdom representative, who had called,
the Tariff Committee an "exclusive club" and an "oligarohy". The Tariff
Committee's powers were great. and could not be appealed against, yet its
composition did not reflect a representation of the Organizationas as a whole.
Not only the original signatories, but all Members who engaged in international
trade were interested in the Tariff Committee, which should, therefore , be
more universal in its composition. If, on the other hand, the number of members
were not limited, then the Tariff Committee would be a duplication of the
Conference, and its operation would become much too cumbersome and unpractical
in viev of the continuous and permanent nature of its activities.
The Tariff Committee should be a technical group of fifteen members, named
by the vote of the Conference, and should be subordinate. to the Conference, as
suggested in the Mexican amendment Just discuesed. The Tariff Committee would
not only decide on tariffs and other charges, but also on taxes (pursuant to
Article 18) and state trading (Article 31); Article 40, paragraph 4,.would most
likely also become its concern. A Tariff Committee composed of fifteen members
would best represent all viewpoints, yet not be unwieldy.
Mr. KOJEVE (France) felt that a major question would have to be reopenend
unless. the composition of the Tariff Committee remained as proposed in the
Draft Charter. The Committee should have forty to fifty members who could, if
they wished, appoint an executive committee of fifteen members, but that should
be left to their own internal decision. It would be most anomalous to exclude
the original signatories of the tariff agreement while including non-signatories
in the Tariff Committee.
Mr PARANAGUA (Brazil) quoted Article 74, paragraph 1 and the United
States State Department Bulletin of 26 October 1947, to prove that under the
present text the Tariff Committee was an autonomous body not responsible to
/the Conference. E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.14
Page 9
the Conference. He inquired what would happen if, say, all fifty
member-countries became Members of the Tariff Committee which case an
autonomous organization would be functioning by the side of the original
Organization.
The CHAIRMAN thought that if the Maxican amendment was adopted the
reference to Article 81, in Article 74 would disappear. The Committee would
have to decide ultimately whether the Tariff Committee was to be an autonomous
body or a subordinte organ or the Organization.
Mr. STINEBOWER (United States) declared that he could no accept the
Chairman' s interpretation that the adoption of the Mexican amendment would
logically imply the deletion of the reference to Article 81 in Article 74.
His delegation took a very serious view of the proposed amendment to
paragraph 2. The central objective of the Organization was the reduction of
tariffs and other obstacles to international trade, Only countries which
had carried out the negotiations required by Article 17 should be members
of the Tariff Committee some countries present at the Conference had
already done so and shown what could be done, Experience between the two
World Ware showed. the danger of adopting resolutions at international
conferences which lacked. any provision making for their implementation,
Article 81 was one of the articles in the Charter which ensured this
practice was not to be repeated and his delegation regarded it as of the
highest importance.
Mr. GAZDER (Pakistan) supported the Geneva draft text of Article 81,
paragraph 2; and Mr. KARMARKAR (India) endorsed the United States statement.
The CHAIRMAN remarked that the proposals of Cuba, Mexico and Peru were.
similar in substance. The voting question had been fully discussed previously
and on that occasion a majority of the delegates had favoured. the same
principle as that embodied in these proposals. He did not propose to re-open
the natter in connection with Article 81.
Paragraph. 4
Mr. MACHADO (Cuba) explained his amendment by remarking that any
procedure. other than a simple majority vote would make decisions too difficult,
particularly if the present text were adopted with the attendant large
membership of the Tariff Committee. A two-thirds vote would. be too cumbersome
in the very technical, administrative and executive tasks the Tariff Committee
would be called upon to handle in an expeditious manner,
Mr. AMADOR (Mexico) explained that the two-thirds majority vote had been
proposed by his delegation with the specific view to making a decision more
/difficult to E/CONF.2/C.6/SR/14
Page10
difficult to arrive at in view of the fact that it could not be the subject
of appeal. If, however "unfair injuries" were eliminated by adopting the
Italian amendment and if the Tariff Committee's decisions could be appealed
before the Board or the Conference, then his delegation would be willing to
withdraw its amendment.
Mr. AUGENTHALER (Czechoslovakia) believed that in view of the grave
determinations, amounting to sanctions which could be made under Article 17,
paragraph 2, a two-thirds majority should be required in that particular
instance. He would revise his position, if the provisions of Article 17,
paragraph 2 were changed.
The CHAIRMAN stated that there had been no amendment offered to -
paragraph 5 which could therefore be considered as adopted.
The CHAIRMAN stated that in view of the importance of the issues raised
under Article 81, he would allow delegates an opportunity of continuing the
discussion at the next meeting. At the close of the discussion his would
appoint a sub-committee.
It was agreed that the sub-committee would consider, inter alia, the
Peruvian amendment to paragraph 1 and if it considered necessary consult
with the proper authority of the Third Committee on the matter. |
|
GATT Library | tw155gm6733 | Sixth Committee Organization : Summary record of the Fourth Meeting. Held at the Capital Havana Cuba, Thursday 4 December 1947 at 10 30 a m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 4, 1947 | 04/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C 6/SR 4 and E/CONF.2/C.6/103/ADD.2-112C.6/SR.1-7/CORR.1 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/tw155gm6733 | tw155gm6733_90050062.xml | GATT_155 | 2,235 | 15,272 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF 2/C 6/SR 4
ON DU 4 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L EMPLOI ORIGINAL ENGLISH
SIXTH COMMITTEE ORGANIZATION
SUMMARY RECORD OF THE FOURTH MEETING
Held at the Capitol Havana Cuba,
Thursday 4 December 1947 at 10 30 a m
Chairman Mr Erik COLBAN (Norway)
The CHAIRMAN opened the meeting and invited discussion of the amendment
to Article 68, paragraph 1 proposed by the delegation of Burma as amended
by the delegation of Belgium (E/CONF 2/C 6/3 and Corr 1)
Mr GARCIA OLDINI (Chile) wanted the discussion postponed until after
the dead line of 6 December 1947 for the submission of amendments had been
reached so as to avoid complicating matters
The CHAIRMAN explained that the present discussion was being held in
the nature of a first reading only and said he was certain that delegations
having an opinion to express regarding the present point would do so now
Mr. FORTHOMME(Belgium) supported the Chairman's explanation but made
the reservation that in any case members should not be barred from moving
for, or discussing, further amendments either after the dead line of
6 December or at any other time if the matter arose from the discussion on
the floor
The CHAIRMAN agreed that this procedure would be followed
Mr GARCIA OLDINI (Chile) recalled the experiences of the Preparatory
Committee at Geneva where a second reading had been dispensed with in order
to save time. Such attempts to save time would only complicate matters and
in fact require more time in the end He proposed a definite rulling be
adopted by the Committee to assure a second reading
The CHAIRMAN assured the Chilean representative that a second reading
would be held under all circumstances, and explained that he himself had
been presiding at the Geneva meeting referred to, and that proper care had
been taken there to safeguard final disposition of the matter
The meeting then was transferred to Committee Room B, where
multaneous interpretation had A been installed by the Secretariat
an inquiry by Mr. KYIN (Burma) the CHAIRMAN asked the representative
substitute the word accordance for the word acceptance in the second
/paragraph of the E/CONF.2/c.6/SR.4
Page 2
paragraph of the Belgian amendment as had already been corrected in
document (E/CONF.2/C.6/3/Corr.1). Mr. KYIN reserved his position to the
Belgian amendment and added that he would prefer his own version to be
agreed to regarding the admission into membership of the Organization of
separate customs territories.
Mr. VIRATA (Philippine Republic) supported the Burmese amendment since
it would widen the opportunity for international co-operation in economic
development and would place separate customs territories in the same
category as autonomous States. He had certain misgivings about the Belgian
draft, which could be overcome, however, by inserting the words "by their
governments through the competent Members" instead of the words "on their
behalf by the competent Members" in the revised draft of Article 68,
paragraph 1 (b). The wording he suggested was used in the resolution of
the Economic and Social Council issuing invitations to the Conference.
Mr. FORTHOMME (Belgium) said that he attempted to modify the Burmase
amendment as little as possible and that from the point of view of
consistency, the language used in Article 98, paragraph 1 and of Article 99,
paragraph 2 should be retained. As far as the Philippine revision was
concerned, he would like to see the general reaction to it by the Committee.
Mr. CORREA (Ceylon) supported the Philippine proposal because it
removed any misgivings Which could arise from the Belgian draft. The
Belgian amendment might leave room for the connotation that the metropolitan
States' acceptance was required for admission of autonomous customs
territories into the Organization. Ceylon probably in February- next year
would be raised to the status of a dominion and therefore this provision
would not be of practical importance to Ceylon. He understood that some
delegations intended to introduce amendments to Article 98 and 99 and in
the case that those amendments would be adopted the difficulty he referred
to would disappear.
The CHAIRMAN suggested that it might becomssa neceery to set up a
special drafting covmmitduplication duplication or cobetweention between
various Articles, He saw no substantive difference inn and Belgian and
Philppine proposals, and the final draft of thatcould be decided decided
later.
Mr. SPEEKENBRINK (Netherlands) reserved his pos regard to the to the
amendment to Articie 68 although stating thmight accept the Belgian
version of the draft. While he hoped that all territmaking making
substantial contributions to world should eventually be included in
the Organization, he warned that the criteria for admission to be applied
to each territory should be very carefully determined especially since
/considerably considerably greater latitude than in the Charter of the United Nations was
going to be allowed. Under the Charter as drafted at present independent
and soveregin states were qualified for admission to the Organization,
either states invited to the to present Conference states not invited whose
application for admission was approved by the Conerefnce, of the Organization.
But it was felt that this was not enough. Under the constitutions of many
states there were several territories which in the formal and often rather
loose framework of an individual state had authority to decide separately
and individually upon a number of subjects of an economic and political
nature. Therefore states might request that some of those territories be
admitte to the Organization in their own right. The Netherlands Government
sympathized with this idea. Before the. war the constituent parts of the
Netherlands were each separately and individually signatories many
multilateral treaties and members of international organizations.
The Charter would have to lay down the special .criteria to be
determined for the. second category of Members of the Organization. The
territory concerned had to be a separate customs territory the proper ..*
authority to inform the Conference that a certain part of the territory
under its sovereignty possessed. this status was the competent Member.
Moreover the cometenmmMeaber would have to accept the Charter on behalf
of s a separateert customs territory because only sovereign independent
tesees could assume obligati nsi deriving from the Charter for themselves or
could declare that the territories concerned were competent to do so.
The Nstherlands supported the declaration that Burma, Ceylon and
Southern Rhodesia each fully and completely complied with the criteria
uired. How Hoever, these criteria hao te be mat by every territoapplyingig
for membersp a end greacare ..had to be exercised before it was decided that
every territory represented at Havana w isipso fac to, entitled to become
a Member of the Organization. This was all: thmore e.nessaryoy because. in
a great part of the world a process of reconstruction of the relationship
between-called metropolitan powers a nddendentnt terriries wasps under
wa. . , . , .. ,
Mr. LIMS (El Salvador) stressed that the matter of membership in the
Organization raised problems of a legal character and. he suggested the
creation of a legal sub-committee.
wpI.;AMAD .Me ico), iI referring to Article 68 generally, without
regard to the emenRepublic, Burma, Belgium, and the Philippine Rqpubllc
and in viet of thapter II, Article 3 and, 4 of the United Na ions Charter,
a definition of the rence ostabliph ore. clearly.a de;initionof.
;A14onoous. custo territories pursuant to Article 68, paragraph 3. The
/present E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.4
Page 4
present wording of the draft did not provide such a complete definition. v-*-$
nference sshould alsou;ld.a. define more clwhat the conditions for ns for
ionn to b accepted for the admission of separate customs territories. territs :
ssion ofussion-f Article graph 3, 4 and 5 raagraphhould be postponed be dostpone
aragaph aphs 1 and 2 had been decbeen decided.ded. - .;
Mr. OW3 (Southothat the he would accept the amendmenetthe- ' b.
originalyum as orialhalproposed or as Republic.by thR Philicpine 3epublio.
; sian Republic) stated that his G(Indonediandelegat ion disagreed Aoelgation .daisasre*>
erlands iiestatement. maade reserve hisved his delegation. nd resprve hip--
coziXente fi ^ latbr date; . '- ;. t;
n bututy (United-Kingdom) supported. the Netherlands- delejat o4lWbi
erritoriessat-the qualificatiors ol the three autonomous customs territoriei
cepted..eady teen examined and.thd propriety of their admission acbepte0,
Mr. FOM6OMME(Belgium) emphasized that his proposal would. avoid the
n between f-the Orgenization settling the problem of-relationshipsebstwee
Stof the bers 'imdterritories. s cid not fall In the province of,-;th
International Trade Organization. * i
e . KOJEVE (France) endorsed the Belgian amendment which would.:invo.,v
no le~ea implications. He feared -that if the Burmese text:were adopted
questions outside the competence of the Organization would. arise and. it.
might be necessary to seek legal advice of the Secretary-General or of the
nterna~ional Court of Justice. His delegation was prepared to &ccept'the
Belgian aemjdment in the first reading. . *
The CHAI(AN, after'noting that no objection was voiced, declared' the
Burmese amendment wLit the Belgian amendment thereto aB as reea . Up toliifir
r e~ adin, fAtils98 and 99 wet6 modified.) hen-Article 68cud -t4l
nt,ovned`accordi-g'. Paragraph 2 was included in the Burm`9se,4MamdeUX
andaparap-raph now bec=wparagcraph Laue -ithothd clause- on te "t,
Territory W Trieste remaining open for further discussio. .'
ARTICLM 69 - - .
Mr. REAL (Siitze~,len) wished to lsow where; the-fact that-e- oupt0e
Wmion existed between Switzerland end the Principality of Liechtenstein4
could be recorded. ' ,_
The OiHA6MAN informed him that this should be done at the -di osin
of Article 42 in the Third Committee. '
)9r. lIRAI (Philippine Republic) took exception to the -!j ion In
Artile 69 of ita f tions whoh had' een previously'menti ied0 in uano;
ther: place' n Ch ter. Onl '"ommercial- rbitratoion-' nd "dbuble
taxatioz" were fuMotions notVmentioned previbu'sr. ;
..-| - , ., - v~4Te-H~A~fl E/CONF.2/C. 6/SR . 4
Page 5
The CHAIRMAN felt that this summary could serve a useful purpose.
Mr. AMADOR (Mexico) suggested that discussion be postponed of Article 69,
paragraph c (i) until the Second Committee had decided on Artiole 12.
This was agreed and the rest of Article 69 as set out in the,Report of
the Preparatory Committee was adopted on first reading.
ARTICLE 70
Mr. AMADOR (Mexico) explained that by its amendment his delegation
wished to redress the lack of balance between international trade and economic
development in the text of the draft Charter. Underdeveloped countries
and. those with an incipient industrial development were too numerous to have
this major problem given secondary importance. It was imperative to form
a permanent committee, not only a commission, to deal with the basic
objective of economic development.
Mr. ALAYZA (Peru) agreed. with the representative of Mexico regarding
the importance of establiehing a committee on economic developments similar
in scope to the Tariff Committee.
Mr. GAZDAR (Pakistan) also supported the Mexican proposal, declaring
that Pakistan, as an underdeveloped country, would have to seek the
assistance of such a committee.
Mr. GARCIA OLDINI (Chile) shared. the opinions of the representative of
Mexico and suggested that a chapter similar to the one on the Tariff
Committee should be added to the Charter.
Mr. LIMA (El salvador) referring to a statement by his delegation in
the plenary meeting, said that El Salvador had withheld a similar proposal
in view of the Mexican amendment which his delegation supported.
Mr. KOJEVE (France) recalled that his delegation had proposed at the
Prepatory Commission in Geneva an alternative text of Article 68 which
contained a list of commissions, including one for economic development.
His delegation would, therefore, support the Mexican proposal.
Mr. GOMEZ (Colombia) proposed the insertion after Article 12, of a
new article dealing with the creation of a committee on economic development.
While not objecting to a discussion of the Mexican proposal, he pointed out
that -the terms of reference of the committee could only be determined after
the acceptance of the Colombian proposal.
Mr. KING (China) recalling his delegation's previous proposals
regarding the matter, warmly supported the Mexican proposal as filling a
serious lacuna in the Chapter. In view of the complexity of the matters he
suggested that after further-details had been given, an ad hoc committee
might study all proposals on that question. Furthermore, Article 70 of the
Charter might be amended, so as to list all commissions, and a committee on
economic development.
/Mr. STINEBOWER E/CONF.2/C.6/SR. 4
Page 6~ -.
a) fr. sTfmleOprthe precedinges of Americaed with thierectini
spee'iqeiirea g8reference areference and ning the terms of referenog an&
ommittee before deciding in principleommitte before deciding Ainpriniple
tates delegation had previously ted Stat delegation had previously opposed
ter III, as well a Article 68, Chapte III, as we, as'Article 68,
evelopment. Contrary to commercial development. Contrary 'to o Prc
policy, however, economic development presented considerable difficulty
in its definition aad. machinery; it would therefore, be necessary first to
s well as the Economic and Social councils e Econo d. Socia Counil
of the United. Nations with which the Organization would co-operate.
ts commissions covered a very broad field covered. a very broad field
avoid duplicating that work. In order to avoid that work.- In orderttot avid
s preferable to list the organs in Article 70,8'i.the organs in; leT70,
leavin determine in consultation with the other consultation with teother
speCouncil, whawt the structure of the committeeructure of tie d3imittee
should be. . . - -
ohe CAIMZ, nod Mexicohat his list of speakers include~ Mxico
Australis, adjourned the meetingndia and Australia, adjourned hisl eatin
until the following d&W.
._, ;'rir~s >;, . . -
,.se, t.'.S='.'44 .
tri |
|
GATT Library | dy379ck0366 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Summary record of the Ninth Meeting. Held at the Capital, Havana, Cuba Friday, 12 December 1947 at 10.30 a.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 13, 1947 | 13/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.3/C.6/SR.9 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/dy379ck0366 | dy379ck0366_90050073.xml | GATT_155 | 2,992 | 19,754 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.3/C.6/SR.9 13 December 1947
ON DU
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL:ENGLISH
.
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION
SUMMARY RECORD OF THE NINTH MEETING
.
.
Held at the Capitol, Havana, Cuba
Friday, 12 December 1947 at 10.30 a.m.
Chairman: Mr. Erik COLBAN (Norway)
The CHAIRMAN informed the Committee that the Second Committee had
approved the terms of reference of the Joint Sub-Committee of the Second and
Sixth Committees as set out in document E/CONF.2/C.2/8 and asked theSixth
Committee also to approve them. The terms of reference were apporved.
DISCUSSION OF ARTICLE 74
Paragraph 1
.
Mr. AMADOR (Mexico), speaking about his amendment to paragraph 1
believed that it was fundamental to reaffirm the absoluts sovereignty
of the Conference and to removs any doubt that any other organ could usurp
that. sovereignty. This would be consistent with the framework of the United
Nations where all organs were subordinated to the sovereign body of the
General Assembly.
Mr. STINEBOWER (United States) considered that the amendment had to be
examined together with other-amendments, and called. the attention particularly
to another Mexican amendment to Artilcle 81, paragraph 2, providing that the
decisions or determinationso f the Tariff Committee might be appealed
against before the Executive Board and before the Canferencs. A decision could
acarcaly be taken at this stage since it would be consequential upon the
decisions in regard of other substantive articles.
The CHAIRMAN agreed that the final decision on Article 74, paragraph 1,
would depend on the final wording of Article 81.
Mr. AMADOR (Mexico) stated that the Mexican amendment that the decisions
of the Tariff Committee Could be appealed against before the Executive Board
and before the Conference only reaffirmad the thesis that all organs of the
Organization must be subordinated to the sovereignty of the Conference.
lowever, there, was no link in his opinion between his amendment and Article 81.
Mr. HOLMES (United Kingdom) agreeing with a suggestion of the Chairman
to put the words "subject to the provisions of Article 81" in square brackets
antil Artilce 81 had been discussed, was sympathetic with the idea underlying
/the Mexican E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.9
Page 2
the Mexican amendment but considered. that the Tariff Committee could not
be looked upbn in precisely the same way as other organs. He reserved his
position regarding the amendment.
The Chairman's suggestion was adopted.
Paragraph 2
The CHAIRMAN, referring to the Mexican amendment to add the words "the
Committee for Economic Development" said that consideration of this amendment
would have to await the report of the Joint Sub-Committee of the Second and
Sixth Committees.
Mr.GAZDAR (Pakistan) explaining his amendment considered that a
majority of two-thirds should be required for such an important and vital
decision as the assignment of powers or duties of the Conference to the
Executive Board.
Mr. de GAIFFIER (Belgium) said that the Preparatory Committee had aimed
at plenitudity and had reserved the two-third voting majority for
exceptional cases.
Mr. AMADOR (Mexico) supported the Pakistan amendment considering that
the delegation of powers of the Conference was a very important matter
which warranted a two-thirds majority.
The countries which had participated in the Preparatory Committee
had reserved their freedom of action during the examination of the Draft
Charter in this Conference as was explicitly provided for in the Protocol
to the General Agreement on Tariff and Trade. Countries which has not
participated in the Preparatory Committee had even more right and
Justification to make their views known at this Conference.
Mr. STINEBOWER (United States) agreed with the last remark of the
representative of Mexico. He said that the word "assign" had been used
deliberately instead of "delegated".to underline the fact that the
Conference was retaining full authority. It was important to take into
account that the number of functions the Conference could assign to the-
Executive Board was limited. Whenever the word. "Conference" was used in
the Charter instead of "Organization", the Conference could not assign
that function to the Board.
The qualified majority of two-thirds had been limited in the Charter
to decisions of basic importance and the assignment of functions to the
Executive Board should not be regarded as that important.
Mr. COOMBS (Australia) understood the desirability of underlining
the authority of the Conference. He had some doubts, however, about this
amendament. These aroase partly from the fact that the Organization should
be an effective administrative organization which would be on the Job all
/the time E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.9
Page 3
the time and not only during the annual conferences. If the Organization
Was to be effective, it should have continuous functions start from the
functions which could be performed. at intervals.
If the proposed amendment were adopted one-third of the Members
could prevent the assignment of continuous fuctions to the Executive
Board. From the reverse point of view, a two-third majority would be
required for the reassignment of functions to the Conference and one-third
of the Conference could prevent the reassigning. Therefore, the Executive
Board might conceivably be carrying out functions which a majority of
Members did not wish it to carry out and decisions of the Conference and
the Board might conflict though they might prove to be undesirable, would
be difficult to change later on. The Conference could determine its own
rules of procedure.
Mr. PACHACHI (Iraq), without expressing a firm opinion on the matter
wished to support the representative of Mexico. The powrs of the
Executive Board were laid down in the Charter. Any additional powers
should be assigned by the Conference to the Board by a two-thirds majority.
He could not see the difficulties raised by the representative of Australia;
he was sure that if the questions were reasonable, the minority of
one-third would not stand in the way of a decision. But generally, in order
to avoid hasty decisions, a two-thirds majority was preferable.
Mr. KING (China) sympathized with the motives underlying the
Pakistan proposal. Without wishing to minimize it, he had to point out
that it was an amendment of procedure. He therefore suggested that
after the Organization had been established, the Conference, in drawing
up its own rules of procedure might decide the natter.
Mr. AMADOR (Mexico) expIained that if the Committes considered that
the question of assignmet of pawers by the Conference was an important
matter, then it was quite logical that decisions should. be taken by two-
thirds, msjority, specially when taking into account that many articles
of the draft Charter, particularly those relating to constitutional
matters, were taken from the United Nations Charter, and that Article 18,
paragaph 2, of the United Nations Charter provided that General Assembly
decisions on important matters ehould be taken by a two-thirds
majority.
Mr. GAZDAR (Pakistan) thought that the difficulties pointed out by
the United States and Australian representatives would not arise since
the Article of the draft Charter would be adopted by a simple majority,
If, after a general distribution of functions, the Conference wished to
delegate some of its powers to other organs, then it should do so by
a two-thirds majority. E/CON.2/C.6/SR.9
Page 4
Mr. STINEBOWER (united States) explaened that powers expressly
assigned by the Charter to the Conference, would not even by a two-thirds
majority be assigned, to the Executive Board. This could be done
only by amendment of the Charter itself. While assignment of
functions was an important matter, he had to point out that the
United Nations Charter made a distinction between questions of procedure and
substance. No procedural question had ever been treated by the United
Nations General Assembly as an important matter needing a two-third
majority under Article 18. The question at hand was that of expediting
the procedure of the Organization. Even after functions had been.
assigned to the Executive Board, the Conference retained the right to
review the substance of the Board's actions.
Mr. OLDINI (Chile) thought that the importance of the Pakistan
amendment could not be denied. However the arguments put forward by
the representative of Australia pointed out other aspects of the
question. The Organization had to be active and had to solve problems
continuously. One or the most important among those problems was that
of economic development. The proposed terms of reference for the
Economic Development Committee, it seemed, would not, in his opinion
be wide enough. There was a danger therefore that no organ would deal
with those problems except when the Conference met once a year. For
this reason, work in that field should be assigned to the Executive
Board. If however, the Conference would need a two-thirds majority
for such decisions, one-third of members could delay or block the
assigning of those functions to the Board. He suggested that a
sub-committee should study the question together with other connected
matters. E/CONF.2/C./SR.9 Page 5
Mr. VIRATA (Philippines) thought that the provisions of Article 74
were closely related to the general character of the Organization which
had not yet been fully discussed, and it would be premature to consider
whether the character of the organization was more of an executive or a
consultative nature. While he appreciated the Pakistan and Australian
points of viev, as well as the position the Chinese representative had
taken regarding Article 73, paragraph 2, more time was needed to study
the matter and the duties and powers of the Executive Board.
Mr. KING (China) considered that the Executive Boad was a link
in the execution of policies from one Conference to another. The
examination of the problems should be postponed until the character
of the Organization had emerged from discussions.
Mr. WOULBROUN (Luxembourg) wished the original text of Article 74
to be retained without the Pakistan amendment, especially in viev of
the voting provisions of Article 18 of the Charter of the United Nations.
The CHAIRMAN summarized the discussion up to thiat point and expressed
the opinion that the Chinese and Philippine suggestions to adhere to
Article 73, paragraph 2, would not achieve the desired result. A choice
had to be made between simple majority and qualified majority. He did
not anticipate an at atmosphere pervading the Executive Board in which a
decision would be taken with only a close majority; there should always
be general consent. If a decision by almost unanimous vote should prove
to be a mistake, that decision could be corrected at the next annual
Conference. There was no danger, he thought, of a simple majority trying
to force its view over an important minority. If a two-thirds majority
was required, on the other hand, it might prove very difficult to change
a decision once it was taken. His personal opinion would be to retain
simple majority for Article 74. He also did not favour the appointment
of a Sub-Committee; it would be better to decide the issue in full Committee,
and he invited a show of hands to discover the feeling of the delegations
present.
Dr. COOMBS (Australia) proposed the formation of a Sub-Committee
to look into the whole question.
Mr. OLDINI (Chile) supported the Australian suggestion for the
formation of a Sub-Committee which he himself had advanced at an earlier
time. He reiterated his apprehension regarding the Chairman's invitation
to "vote on the first reading", a procedure which was premature and might
be misinterprsted as involving a decision, when opinions had so far been
expressed on only part of the amendments.
/Mr. DJEBARRA E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.9
Page 6
Mr. DJEBARRA (Syria) also favoured the creation of a Sub-Committes to
study the Pakistan amendment but felt that paragraph 2 dealing with the
assigning of powers by the Conference was too obscure. The Sub-Committee
should make it clear whether such transfer of powers was automatically
limited to a certain period or whether it was granted until revoked again
by a special session of the Confrence
Mr. KOJEVE (France) felt was very difficult to decide on this
question before the composition and the poweres of the Executive Board had
been agreed upon. If the Executive Board were to be composed in such
a way that it would reflect the opinion of only one sect of the Conference's
opirions, then a qualified vote would have to be retained. It wouId be
more logical to return to the discussion of Article 74 after having agreed
on Article 75.
Mr. de GAIFFIER (Belgium) was of the opinion that the discussion should
concentrate on the Pakistan amendment without touching upon other matters.
The CHAIRMAN, in accordance with the wishes of the Committee,
constituted a Sub-Committee composed of Australia, China, Luxembourg, Mexico,
Pakistan and the United States, with the following terms of reference: to
study and to make proposals, in the light of the discussion within the
Committee, regarding the Pakistan emendment and to report its conclusions
to the Committee.
After Mr. SPEEKENBRINK (Netherlands) had asked to have his delegation's
amendment considered by the Sub-Committee studying the Pakistan proposal,
and after Mr. HOLMES (United Kingdom) had spoken against such inclusions
in the work of the Sub-Committee, the CHAlRMAN ruled that the Netherlands
amendment should not be included in the terms of reference of the
Sub-Committee. He also reassured Mr. OLDINI (Chile) that he had not ever
thought of calling for a formal vote but was interested only in finding the
consensus of opinion within the Committee by a show of hands of all
delegation present.
Paragraph 3
The CHAIRMAN invited the delegation of Chile to withdraw its reservation
to paragraph 3 (E/PC/T/186, page 48, footnote to Article 74), the substance
of which, in his opinion he thought, was amply covered by the pertinent
Chilean reservation to Article 15 (same document, page 16, footnote 2).
Since Mr. OLDINI (Chile) was unable to agree to that deletion because
Article 15 had not yet been decided. upon, the Chairman postponed the
discussion of this point until Article 15 had been dealt with, and maintained
the footnote provisionally.
/Mr. MONDELLOs E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.9
Page 7
Mr. MONDELLO (Italy) explained that his proposed amendment had boon
submitted for consideration only if a system of weighted voting were
adpted. It could, therefore, be left to a later stage.
Mr. GARCIA-SERRATO (Uruguay) emphasiced that his delegation's
amendment (Annotated Draft Agenda, page 8, section 3) was not identical
with the Italian amendment. There was a considerable difference between
"a majority of votes cast" (Italian proposal) and a "a majority" or the
Members of the Organization (Uruguayan proposal), the latter meaning one
half of the Members plus one, similar to the provisions ot Article 72,
Paragraph 2. Paragraph 3 referred to "exceptional circumstances" only
should not be ruled by the same procedure as other matters.
Mr. AMADOR (Mexico) considered that it would be difficult to attempt
to define accurately the "exceptional circumstances" as mentioned in
Paragraph 3, sub-paragraphs (a) and (b). An infinite number of considerations
could enter into such definitions, and his amendment (Annotated Draft Agenda,
page 8, section 2), by deleting the sub-paragraphs, would eliminate the
anticipated complications, and make it possible for the Organization more
simply to walve obligations.
Mr. de GAIFFIER (Belgium) supported the Mexican proposal.
Mr. GARCIA-SERRATO (Uruguay), when asked by the CHAIRMAN whether he
would agree to accept the Mexican version, preferred the version of his
delegation, feeling that a majority of one-half plus one of the Members
was sufficient for the purpose of obtaining waivers of obligations, and that
a two-third majority would make that procedure to difficult and too
combersome.
Dr. COOMBS (Australia) recalled the experience of the Preparatory
Committe in arriving at the present version of paragraph 3. The opinion
of the Australian delegation at that time vas that waivers of the obligations
Should be permitted by a simple unqualified majority since there were many
obligations particularly in relation to general commercial policy which
Could be implemented under the Charter only if economic conditions were such
that no severe hardships would result from complying with such obligations.
The obligations under the Chapter on General Commercial Policy were dependent
upon observation of certain obligations which major industrial powers
undertook under the Chapter on Employment and Economic Activity and if
the major powers should fail to implement such principles it would be
necessary for some countries to seek revision of obligations under the
General Commercial Policy Chapter. There was a definite link between the
obligations under the various Chapters of the Draft Charter. In the event
/of a sudden E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.9
Page 8
of a sudden depression a Member should be able to obtaing Without being
forced to withdraw from the Organization, relief from suich obligations as
would inflict severe hardships upon his economy.
The Preparatory Committee thought, however, that waivers of he t
obligations should not be easy to obtain and should be decided upon by
a qualified majority of two-thirds. His. delegation had agreed to this
provided that. the Charter enabled. the Conference to define certain
categories of exceptional circumstances to which other voting requirements
would apply for the waiver of obligations and prescribe such criteria as
may be necessary for their application.
The Australian delegation, he said could not agree that these
provisions, inserted by way of compromise, could be cmitted from the Charter.
They represented a minimum element of elasticity enabling the Organization
to lay down in advance rules permitting rapid action in the case of crises.
They were all the more important as conceivably more than one-third of the
Members might not be affected by the crisis conditions of a sudden drop
in employment and demand and, therefore, might prevent the waiver urgently
needed by a Member adversely affected by this condition. Only prompt and
effective action could safeguard economic security and the two sub-paragraphs
which the Mexican representative proposed to delete ensured. that such
action could be taken when necessary.
Mr. TINOCO (Costa Rica) shared the Uruguayan and Australian points of
view and felt that the rule of a simple majority of the Members was
sufficient to docide on granting. waivers of obligations. Article 74 should
remain in its present form with the deletion of the two-thirds vote clause.
His statement was endorsed by Mr. AUGENTHALER (Czechoslovakia). |
|
GATT Library | zg942vm9441 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Summary record of the Seventh Meeting. Held at the Capital, Havana, Cuba Monday, 8 December 1947 at 10.30 a.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 10, 1947 | 10/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7 and E/CONF.2/C.6/103/ADD.2-112C.6/SR.1-7/CORR.1 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/zg942vm9441 | zg942vm9441_90050069.xml | GATT_155 | 4,011 | 26,113 | United Nations Nations Unies
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7
ON DU ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI
SUMMARY RECORD OF THE SEVENTH MEETING
Monday, 8 December 1947 at 10.30 a.m.
Chairman: Mr. Erik COLBAN (Norway)
CONSIDERATION OF THE PROJECT FOR A JOINT SUB-COMMITTEE OF THE SECOND AND
SIXTH COMMITTEES (DOCUMENT E/CONF.2/C.6/28)
The CHAIRMAN informed the Committee that after consultation with the
Chairman of the Second Committee, Mr. Beteta, it had been agreed that the
composition of the Joint Sub-Committee, would be identical to that proposed
by the Sixth Committee, with the addition of the representative of Iraq.
He had received certain complaints concerning the press releases of
Committee meetings. As the matter now under discussion was of a detailed
and technical nature he would request the Secretary to inform the Press
Section of the need for greater accuracy
Mr. OLDINI (Chile) refered to the Rules of Procedure which provide
that no proposal should be discussed or put to the vote at any meeting
unless copies of it have been circulated not later than twelve hours before
the commencement of the meeting. He considered that twelve hours was not
always a long enough period of time in which to examine thoroughly a
specific document. He received the document E/CONF.2/C.6/28 only that
morning and he did feel that it could not be adopted without further
consideration.
The document made reference to the fact that to Chairman of the two
Committees had agreed on the terms of reference of the Sub-Committee. That
was an abnormal procedure, for it has for the -Committees themselves to
take such a decision.
He requested the Chairman to postpone consideration of the document
till a later meeting so that the different delegations would be able to
express their views concerning its content.
The CHAIRMAN pointed out that the Committee already had approved the
of reference of the Sub-Committee and that his duty had consisted
its decision was faithfully reproduced in the
document in question. E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7 Page 2
Mr. OLDINI (Chile) had not understood that the Chairman had been
given "carte blanche" concerning the terms of reference of the Sub-Committee.
For his part he had certain amendment to put forward to it. The Chairman
obviously had done his best to ensure that the comment had been drafted
in conformity with the decision of the Committee, but it was for the
Committee itself to give the final approval.
The CHAIRMAN agreed within the Chilean representative that if there were
are question of the document not representing the views which had been
expressed in the Committee, any representative could introduce an amendment
to the test. He hoped that the document faithfully interpreted the desire
of the Committee but would postpone consideration of it till a later
meting and would again consult with the Chairman of the Second Committes.
CONSIDERATION OF ARTICLE 72
Mr. ZORLU (Tuesday) recalled the convincing reasons of a legal character
who had been put forward by various representatives concerning the
desirability of each Member state possessing one vote. He shared those views
and drew attention to the technical difficulties of a system of weighted
voting. Such a system would have to be based on an arbitrary selection of
statistics and would be contrary to the principles of Article 55 of the
United Nations Charter.
The system of weighted voting was dependent on statistical date which
either did not exist or which was not comparable. No common method of
estimating the national income of states had as yet been adopted throughout
the world.
There had been a time when the system of weighted voting had been the
last refuse of the nobility; the economic border which the Organization aimed
at establishing should not be based on prosperity, but on equality.
Mr. MONDELLO (Italy) favoured Alternative A, despite the fact that a
system of weighted voting might be advantageous to his country, because,
under the present circumstances, it was a question of Justice and
simplicity. Taking into consideration the complete economic disequilibrium
which existed, it would be impossible to establish sufficiently efficient
criteria on which equitable judgement could be made concerning diferences
in foreign trade.
As a Member of the United Nations which operated on the basis of each
country possesing one vote, Mr. RAUF (Afghanistan) supported its application
to the Organization,
Mr. KING (China) felt that much could be said for both Alternatives A
and B. One of the strong reasons for the adoption of the system of
weighted voting, was that while at first sight it seemed undemocratic, in
both essence and effect, it was a democratic system for the purposes of
this Charter. No convincing reply had been given to that argument.
/As the delegation E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7 Page 3
As his delegation had always pointed out, there would be a great many
technical difficulties as regards the elaboration of a weighted
voting which would give satisfaction to all the countries concerned.
Opinions differed concerning the importance of statistics, and the
statistical data already available had given rise to endless controversy.
If a system of weighted voting was to be adopted, It should take into
account the population, nationalistic and functional factors mentioned
by the representative of Canada. The democratic factor of population would
have to be given its due weight. It had been argued that the population of
a country already was reflected in the figures for its national income; if
such was case, it surely equally well could be said that the national
income also reflected a country share in international trade.
Mr.King supported the adoption of Alternative C in preference to
either of the other two alternatives, though fully realizing the difficulties
of choosing to which provisions of the Charter, the system of voting outlined
in Alternative C, should apply. He felt that a solution could be found if,
in the beginning, the combined system of voting was not used too frequently.
It would not apply to provisions for which a two-thirds majority vote had
been provided nor to certain: articles for which a special procedure had
been outlined. I would not be necessary, either, to apply it to decisions
concerning non-Member states, for the texts of the relevant articles had
not yet been finalized. There perhaps would be about a dozen articles
concerning which decisions could be taken by the system of combined voting.
As a very tentative suggestion, he wondered if it could not be applied with
reference to the provisions of paragraphs 3 (a) and (c) of Article 23.
Mr. STINEBOWER (United States) fully understood and appreciated the
which had been put forward in favour of Alternative A, for that
was the formula which his Government had included in its original proposals
concerning a trade and employment organization. This was not the only part
of the original draft, however, which had been changed substantially, and
he could assure the Committee that a return to the entire original text
would give complete satisfaction to the United States delegaton.
He had not been impressed by the arguments which had been put forward
concerning equality and democracy, for those were abstract concepts from
which a number of alternative conclusions could be drawn. That the
weighted system of voting was entirely equitable had been ably shown by
the presentatives of the United Kingdom and Canada. The participation
of a country in the Organization should reflect in some degree the
importance of its contribution to it.
Countries with federal systems of government had realized the
difficulty of having as a basis the equality of their various constitutional
units. The advocates of Alternative A, also, showed no tendency to use / their democratic E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7
Page 4
their democratic arguements in connection with other provisions of the
Charter as for example, Article 76(4). They had referred frequently to
the heavy responsibility which rested with the major powers to see that the
objectives of the Charter were attained. The United States recognized
that responsibility but was surprised to fined delegates who talked of it
denying that the United States had, therefore, greater interests in the
Organization.
The United States acknowledged the importance of the contribution of
each country to the organization and no disrespect was implied in the
recognition of the fact that the contribution and the responsibility of the
larger powers was quantitavely larger than thoseo f smaller countries.
The question under discussion not be separated from other
provisions of the Charter concerning disequilibrium in the balance of
payments, the functions of the Tariff Committee, the voting procedure and
composition of the Executive Board and so on.
Therefore he considered that no decision should be taken concerning
the voting procedure at the present time. His Government was not committed
to any one formula though, in general, it had spoken in favour of
Alternative B. Alternative C was unnecessarily complicated and cafe
from political as well as practical disadvantages, while the formula put
forward by the United Kingdom representative, offered all the disadvantages
of the system of weighted voting without any of its advantages.
The Australian repesentative had said, that it would be impossible to
arrive at any reasonable basis for a system of weighted voting. He could not
believe that this contention was seriously advanced or entertained. Even
the most heavily wdighted system would fall so short of reflecting truly
the importance of some states position in the Organization, that it was
obvious some satisfactory formula could be found. If the contention of the
Australian representative were carried to its logical conclusion and it was
accordingly impossible to assess the relative positions of Members, the
budget of the Organization would need to be divided equally among all
Mr. NASH (New Zealand) expressed the view that the future of the
Organization would depend almost entirely on International co-operation
equity and that if Members were to work in a spirit of co-operation, equity
would result regardless of the voting procedure.
The final decision on Article 72 could not be separated from the
decision concerning the composition of the Executive Board. He had been
impressed by Alternative A and particularly by the need to avoid having
a large number of countries feel that they had been made the object of
discrimination. There was a profound difference between the Bretton Woods
/Agreement and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7 Page 5 Agrement and the Organization, for the former required not only a
contribution for the unkeep of the Organization but also a monetary
subscription.
Mr. Nash was interested in all of the alternative formulae but felt
that Alternative C by giving a controlling position to five great
powers, reproduced the system so unfortunately found in the United Nations
itself.
The question of voting procedure was of little importance to
New Zealand, for her position would be about equal under either of the
alternative. It had to be remembered, however, that while a small country
could leave the Organization without causing any great harm, the
Organization would be ruined by the departure of one of the major powers.
Should Alternative A be adopted, it would be desirable to provide for
permanent seats on the Executive Board; that should not be the case, if the
system of weighted voting were to be adopted.
There could be no question of equality of contribution between
New Zealand or other small new countries of Latin America or Southern
Asia, and a large, rich country like the United States. It must be kept
in mind however, that the great powers had to exercise the maximum amount
of justice for the small countries could not live without it.
Mr. SHAMMA (Lebanon) urged the adoption of Alternative A, for
whatever its methods a system of weighted voting was so complicated that
no country in the world at present adhered to it. The argument on which
such a system was based was that the wealthy contributed more than the poor
and therefore should be given a greater voice in decisions which had to be
made. That idea had become unworkable and undemocratic and as it was no longer
applicable in the national sphere, it should not apply to to family of
nations. (The Organization was seeking a common basis for the divergent
interests of its Members and it had to be remembered that the interests of
each Member were as Important to its owner an those of any othere were to it)
Small countries had to take into account the need for safeguards on
the part of the major, industrial powers because their participation was
essential but the Organization. Such safeguards did not derive from a system
of weighted voting, but from the provisions of Article 1, and on the full
realization by the underdeveloped countries that without the participation
of the major powers the Organization could not be established; and that in
the absence or the Organization the small countries would lose more than
Mr. DJEBARA (Syria) emphasized the importance of democratic equality
in connection with the decision on Article 72. Even if the various
representatives were not in agreement as to the concept of democracy, the
very fact of treating Member states as equals would have the result of
briinging the Organization nearer to it
/He agreed that E.CONF.2/C.6/SR.7 Page 6
He agreed that the major powers would have to make a large sacrifice
but the provisions of the Charter indicated that all countries would eb
expected to sacrifice themselves to certain extent. The General Agreemnte
on Tariffs and Trade had not resulted in giving either more or less benefits
to either large or small powers.
The Syrian delegation would vote in favour of Alternative A.
Mr. PACHACHI (Iraq) stated that his delegation would support
Alternative A as the most equitable and soundest voting procedure. Weighed
voting presented practical difficulties, since lack of adequate statistical
mechinery in some countries and extraordinary economic conditions in other
countries would make the determination of an equitable scheme difficult.
Mr. ROWE (Southern Rhodesia) was not convinced by the arguments
presented in favour of Alternative A. Seeing matters from a commercial point
of view, he felt that it was impossible to create equuality where there was
inequality. The Charter could be compared to a "partnership agreement",
based on muutual trust and confidence and where junior partners, who sat
present had to rely on their senior partners, would grow with time into a
full senior partnership. Countries with greater contributions to internationali
rade should have more weight in the Organization.ztion. -
Mr, I;Ql (El Sareferring to the remarks by the Mexican Yiaan
ntative, pointed out that the question was so important that its'tVaWtht dsit
ogether with the settlement of the question of hte Executive rth& Exeootii'
ition, would have a would have a bearing on the of the nation o09tho;i*-
mpetence. His delegation supported the formula; "one vote toxmui; ='ent;vte
cause it was based on principles of international publicternational. Iublio
tice. A parallel could be drawn between the status ofetween the -'otatusor
d that of states in an international organization.ternational orgiz&tio.,
ccept on an international plane something against plieo somobi1D8 .eainb
tically, namely feudal and semi-colonial conditions.m-icoolonial oonitions.
rks by the United Kingdom representative,tecl Kinàdà roioeèontaiv,
possibility of lossing fou out of five votesng feut out 0f fiwr vLes
all the Central American countries did not detera countries did. not 'deor
ntry did not strive for more votes than it wastrive ±er more votes thazi --van
reseentative of the United States, he saidativ' of the UaitOd' Statosh.sai
iffered from fiscal ones, nationally asdo fraO fiscal ones, natiotally
lntern atioimtlli
irmly expressed preference for Alternative Aé proféreraon for Alternatii A
ts of international agreement and co-operation,tional agxvoni em O0ye4tiq
an old system, superseded in the present.l ayto oppo.B é& .uIzthe present
efore the San Francisco Conference laide the Sanenoe o.id
; *, *, .;, , . # . s * v ` r.i'; "i '` E/CONF.2/C./SR.7 Page 7
down the principles of friendly relations among nations on the basis of
equality and free determination, the nations of the Western Hemisphere
had defined pan-americanism - the principle of American International Law-
as the moral union of all American Republics founded on equality,
independence and the right to self-determination. The Charter of the
United Nations universalized that principle of "most perfect equality"
which had been unanimously recognized in the International Conference for
the consolidation of Peace, held in Buenos Aires in 1936.
Weighted voting based on quantitative criteria such as population
indexes, external trade, etc. was illogical, unfair and misleading. The
Preparatory committee had accepted Alternative A for Article 72 beause it
must have considered that the principle of one vote per Member was the only
true and just criterion of equality among nations. Consequently it would be
against all principles of international Justice, and show structural
discrepancy, if, in application of Article 90, a decision by the Executive
Board (taken in conformity with Alternative A) were brought before the
Conference which might review that decision by a voting system based on
Alternatives B or C.
Mr. de GAIFFIER (Belgium) said that Belgium did not wish to approach
the question from a doctrinaire point of view. While giving due consideration
to the merits of Alternative A, Belgium understood the actual needs of
international co-operation and was prepared to accept the obligation arisign
from the latter, Belglum also understood the necessities in the economic
field and would be prepared to yield part of its sovereignty to superior
interests. In view of the uncertainty of attaining the aims of the Charter,
it was better to be guided by technical, rather than philosophical,
considerations. It was important to achieve a strong organization which would
be able to facilitate commerce between countries. Mr. de Gaiffier would,
therefore, study all proposals open-mindedly, but was also ready to accept,
at the first reading, the Netherlands proposal.
Mr. POLITIS (Greece) said that the future Organization could not function
by means of mechanical majority only. He supported Alternative A.
Mr. KYIN (Burma), without supporting or refuting the arguments presented
by the representative of Southern Rhodesia, noted that the United Nations
had not suffered from the absence of weighted voting in its General Assembly,
Referring to the statements by the representatives of New Zealand and Lebanon
concerning the lmplications of Alternative A, B, and C for,large and small
nations, Mr. Kyin repeated a statement made by him at the Plenary Meeting,
namely that nations with a smaller share of international trade had an equal
if not greater interest in the Organization than the larger countries. Burma,
in spite of its small share of external trade, had shipped one and a half
/million E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7 Page 8 million tons of rice to the hungry world; other small countries had made
similar contributions. Consequently,they should be entitled to equal votes.
Provisions in the Charter calling for decisions by a two-thirds
majority could be blocked by a minority of large countries, if weighted voting
were adopted.
Mr. AMADOR (Mexico) noted that he had previously explained why he
favoured, Alternative A, Some points however, needed further clarification,
The representative of Colombia and El Salvador had made an excellent analysis
of the matter. As regard democratic voting procedure, it should be noted
that in democratic countries, votes were not weighted in spite of varying
contributions of individuals to the prosperity of the state. The same held
true in international public law, where states, as "legal persons" had
equal obligations before the international community. Furthermore, as
the representative of Turkey had mentioned, it would be difficult to find
a formula by which factors for Alternative B or C could be established.
A mathematical relationship would have to be found between the various
economic and geographical factors. He agreed with the representatives of
Cuba and Costa Rica regarding the absurdities to which an examination of the
principal factors - volume of external trade and population would lead.
It was difficult to establish an over-all economic statistical picture of
a country since conditions sometimes varied considerably according to regions.
One inevitably come to the conclusion that with weighted voting, a few states
would have disproportionate responsibilities before the collective
responsibilities of the majority of the states. The mistakes of a few would
weigh fatally on the majority; composed of small countries, the errors of large
countries were more important than those of the small ones. Mr. Amador agreed
with the, representative of El Salvador concerning the remarks by the
United States representative about Article 74, paragraph 6. Under that
article, Mexico would have the same obligations as in the United Nations
In conclusion, the representative of Mexico reserved the right to return to
that question for further clarification.
Mr. KOJEVE(France) said that the question of the vote was a matter of
principle. He did not think that the approach of the Chinese representative
was justified. The difficult questions to what part should be played by
populations, had to be decided irrespective of the various articles. He noted
that if weighted voting were accepted for one part of the Charter, it would
be difficult not to accept it for other part. On what basis would article
be chosen to which weighted voting would apply?
In reply to the statement by the representative of the United States of
America, Mr. Kojeve observed that he did not think that the changes in the
1945 test justified changes in Article 72. He did not think that the argument
/of equal E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7 Page 9
of equal obligations for equal vote, put forward by Mr. Stinebower, was
applicable in the present case. He was more optimistic than the representative
of Southern Rhodesia and thought that the advice of senior partners would
carry enough weight without extra votes.
Mr. OLDINI (Chile) wished to reply to some arguments put forward in favuro
of weighted voting. With respect to the observation by Mr.Stinebower, he
noted that the Charter laid down equal obligations for all Members. The
"escape clauses" were applicable to all Members; under-developed countries
had escape clauses enabling them to develop economically, while highly
industrialized countries had "free trade clauses" enabling them to find
markets for their goods. Small countries were prepared to accept the latter
clause, provided it did not ruin them, The United Kingdom and Canada had
presented their views with great abilïty. The United Kingdom had many
interests which it might not like to see affected by a majority of small
countries. The question of confidence had been added to the question of
interest. Small countries, however, also had their interested. If the
United Kingdom found it difficult to abandon its interests in favour of the
interest of the small countries the same could apply to small countries.
Yet, if a majority decision should affect the interested of any one of the
large powers, that power, by its disagreement, could fatally weaken the
Organization. For the large powers, by their presence alone, defended their
interests. Such was not the case with small countries.
Speaking of representation in relation to number of population as cited
by the United Kingdom and Canada, Mr. Oldini decleared that system of
representation adequate and applicable within a state here all interests
are essentially convergent could not be applied to international communities
composed of countries having sometimes conflicting interests.
Consequently, the only possible choice was Alternative A which provided
equality to countries as equal creations of the fundamental forces of nature.
The CHAIRMAN announced that after his list of speakers, consisting of the
representatives of Sweden, Ceylon, Egypt, Denmark, Switzerland, Peru and
Australia had been exhausted, he would present to the Committee a summary
of the views expressed during the general discussion. Since the question of
voting procedure was corrected with the question of composition of the
Executive Board, he thought that a summary would be enough to reflect the
sense of the Committee at the first reading, and that a formal decision could
be taken after a discussion of the composition of the Executive Board.
Dr. AUGENTHALER (Czechoslovakia) thought that in view of the overwhelming
support of Alternative A, a decision could be taken at the first reading.
/Mr. OLDINI E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7 Page10
Mr. OLDINI (Chile) felt that in accordance with a prvious decision,
no formal decision should be taken at the first reading. |
|
GATT Library | dw658fg3063 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Summary record of the Sixteenth Meeting. Held at the Capital, Havana, Cuba. Monday, 29 December 1947 at 10.30 a.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 29, 1947 | 29/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.16 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/dw658fg3063 | dw658fg3063_90050096.xml | GATT_155 | 2,025 | 13,685 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.16
ON DU 29 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANlZATION
SUMMARY RECORD OF THE SIXTEENTH MEETING
Held at the Capitol, Havana, Cuba.
Monday, 29 December 1947 at 10.30 a.m.
Chairman: Mr. Erick COLBAN (Norway)
CONSIDERATION OF PARAGRAPH 1 OF ARTICLE 92. .
The CHAIRMAN opened the discussion of the amendment offered by the
delegations of Argantina and Peru to add Spanish as one of the authoritative
texts for the interpretation of the Charter. To enable the Central Drafting
Committee to start its work it was necessary to take a decision on this
amendment. He called attention to Article 39 of the Statute of the
International Court of Justice, providing for French and English as the official
languages of the Court. Inasmuch as differences arising within the Organization
would eventually be referred to the Court, it should not be prejudiced in its
work.
Mr. ALAYZA (Peru) referred, in support of his delegation's amendment, to
Article 111 of the United Nations Charter which provided for equally authentic
texts in five languages, including Spanish.
Mr. FEDRANO (Argentina) emphasized the need for the inclusion of Spanish
by stating that 120 million people in Latin America were using that language.
Mr. MELANDER (Norway) spoke against the amendment. He pointed out that
Article 100 provided for original texts in the official languages of the
United Nations. For the purpose of authenticity two languages were ample,
particularly since that corresponded to the usage adopted by the International
Court of Justice.
Mr. KARMARKAR (India) agreed with the Norwegian representative and
suggested that the question be considered in connection with Article 100.
He invited the Committee to consider the desirability of translating the
Charter into Hindustani, one of the major languages, so as to make the Charter
available to the largest public audience.
Mr. PARANAGUA (Brazil) agreed with the Chairman's opinion that authentic
texts in French and English were sufficient, as had been the case in all
international agreements since the first world war. The number of peoples
/using a certain E/CONF .2/C.6/SR.16
Page 2
using a certain language was not decisive. Of 120 million Latin-Americans
about 50 million Brazilians used Portuguese.
Mr. GAZDER (Pakistan) also supported the use of only two authoritative
languages. He remarked that about 100 million people spoke Arabic, and
300 million used Urdu. He felt that the discussion of Article 92 should not
be linked to Article 100.
Mr. GARCIA-SERRATO (Uruguay) suggested, in supporting the Argentine-Peru
amendment, that it was not so much a question of the number of people who
spoke a language as one of the number of countries which spoke it. It was
important to bear in mind that one-third of the prospective Members of the
Organization used the Spanish language.
Mr. FEDRAN0 (Argentina) remarked that he had meant to refer to 120 million
people of Iberian origin.
Mr. DAO (China) reserved his delegation's position.
Mr. MONDELLO (Italy) supported the Argentine-Peru amendment by stating
that Italians understood Spanish better than any other language, and so would
benefit by its inclusion.
Mr. AMADOR (Mexico) observed that the Mexican Government had had
considerable difficulties in translating the Charter into Spanish. Important
discrepancies had been noted by him between the French and English texts and
an authoritative Spanish text would be most useful for a better interpretation
of the Charter.
Mr. LORETO (Venezuela) warmly supported the amendment and stated that the
increasing importance of the Spanish speaking countries in world affairs should
receive its due recognition. Articles 89 and 90 provided for consultation
between Members and for reference of differences to organs of the Organization,
and if such differences arose between Latin-American countries, it would be
simpler to have an authoritative Spanish text, particularly, when the
International Court of Justice had not been seized with the matter. He
thought that all five texts should be made authoritative.
Mr. HOLMES (United Kingdom) was of the opinion that the whole matter was
not one of prestige but only of practicality. The arguments adduced by the
Uruguayan representative were not convincing; and those of the Mexican
representative seemed to point in the direction of reducing the authoritative
languages from two to one, rather than of increasing them any further. The
Charter should, of course, be translated into as many languages as possible,
but in view of the multiplcity of languages the fewer interpretative texts
existed, the better for everybody.
:Mr. POLITIS (Greece) felt that the draft text should remain unaltered,
and Mr. de GAIFFIER (Belgium) concurred, adding that it would be the task of
/UNESCO to E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.16
Page 3
UNESCO to evaluate the merits of various languages; in the interest of the
Organization, as few authoritative languages as possible should be adopted.
Mr. GARCIA-SERRATO (Uruguay) explained that what mattered was the number
of countries speaking Spanish, the governments of which had to interpret
and implement the Charter on behalf of their peoples. The Spanish was a
universal language which was understood in Brazil as well as in parts of
Europe, America, and the Philippines, and thus deserved to be recognized.
Mr. KOJEVE (France) said he would have preferred one authentic text,
but since the usage of French and English had become firmly established, he
would endorse it. If, however, more languages were to be made authoritative
in external relations, it would complicate matters too much. English and
French belonged to two different linquistic group and that would be helpful
in solving divergences in interpretation, but there was no justification for
addition of Spanish belonging to the same group of languages as French.
Mr. MACHADO (Cuba) questioned whether it would be more practical to omit
Spanish as the language of an authoritative text. At Bretton Woods and Chicago,
Spanish had been adopted, and the United Nations had also recognized that
language.
Mr. RIVERA (Colombia) warmly endorsed the amendment, and Mr. ALAYZA (Peru)
added certain political, practical and cultural reasons in supporting his
delegation's amendment. He also said that the fact that Article 39 of the
Statute International Court of Justice provided for two working languages
for the Court, should not affect the decision of this Conference on Article
92, paragraph 1. Not only the Court but the Organization itself, the Executive
Board and the Conference, would have to interpret the Charter and this Conference
could, therefore, decide what texts should be authoritative.
Mr. de VRIES (Netherlands) stressed that the main problem was the
interpretation of the Charter under the Chapter VIII. Only if the International
Court of Justice decided to amend Article 39 of its Statute, would it be
possible to accept Spanish text as authoritative text for interpretation. For
greater flexibility, however, the Article might simply read: authoritative
languages shall be those of the International Court of Justice. Consultations
held under Articles 89 and 90 would deal with economic questions only; matters
needing interpretation could be brought before the Court, in which case
Article 92 was adequate.
Mr. VIRATA (Philippines) stated that he would welcome Spanish as an
authoritative language. He looked forward to the creation of one world using
a single language. He noted that the question had budgetary implications
He observed that while, because of budgetary implications there was
a useful distinction between official and working languages, there
/was no difference E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.16
Page 4 was no difference between official languages and the official language for
the interpretation of the Charter. Cases brought before the Court would be
examined in accordance with its procedures; which a state accepted when it
referred a matter to the Court. It might be better to omit paragraph 1,
and to state only that the five official languages of the United Nutions
should be the official languages of the Organization.
Mr. WOULBROUN (Luxembourg) supported the Geneva draft. English and
French were the generally accepted working languages. It would be impossible
to add Spanish without complicating the procedure further by adding Russian
and Chinese.
Mr. STINEBOWER (United States) preferred the Geneva text, since
multiplication of authoritative texts would create ambiguities and difficulties
in interpretation. The Charter could be translated, however, into all major
languages.
Mr.MACHADO(Cuba) proposed that the suggestion of the representative
of the Philippines to delete the reference to authoritative text in Article 92,
paragraph 1 should be put to the vote.
Mr. KOJEVE (France) was not convinced by the arguments put forward by the
Philippine representative. The matter should be examined by a group of experts.
The CHAIRMAN recalled that the discussion's purpose was to determine the
terms of reference of the Central Drafting Committee. Omission Of paragraph 1
of Article 92 might deprive the latter of guidance. While keeping an open
mind on the matter, he saw a strong case for maintaining paragraph 1.
Mr. BLUSZTEIN (Poland) did not feel that the decision on the amendment
would necessarily affect the terms of reference of the Central Drafting
Committee. He suggested that the Central Drafting Committee might include
Spanish-speaking representatives.
Messrs. SEIDENFADEN (Denmark), ROUCHDY (Egypt), HAKIM, (Lebanon)
PACHACHI (Iraq), REAL (Switzerland) , FER (Turkey) and NARAGHI (Iran) favoured
the Geneva draft. Mr. de GAIFFIER(Belgium) supported that opinion,
explaining that it was a question of interpretation of rights contested on
the basis of the text. Mr. COUILLARD (Canada) and Mr. HOLLOWAY (Union of
South Africa) also shared that view on the basis of their respective countries'
experience with two official languages.
Mr. MacCARTHY (Ireland) supported the French suggestion to refer the
question to a committee of experts.
In reply to a question by Mr. LORETO (Venezuela) regarding the
relationship between Articles 92 and 100 of the Charter, the CHAIRMAN explained
that the provision of Article 92 of the Charter regarding authentic texts in
two languages did not exclude the possibility of translation of documents into
the five official languages.
/Mr. A. GARCIA VILLAL E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.16 Page 5
Mr. A. GARCIA VILLAL (El Salvador) and Mr. de la' GUARDIA (Costa Rica)
supported the amendment.
Mr. GUTIERREZ (Bolivia) also supported the amendment. Authentic texts
in Spanish were very important to the numerous Spanish-speaking countries
or Latin America in connection with interpretation of controversial provisions.
The question should be referred to a sub-committee for decision.
Mr. MACHADO (Cuba) agreed with the arguments put forward in favour of
the amendment and recalled that international agreements frequently had to be
integrated into the constitutions of Latin-American countries. Inclusion of
a non-Spanish text would be very difficult. Furthermore, how valid would
Article 92, paragraph 1 be, if certain countries made reservations with
regard to the authenticity of the texts. The Court's decisions, in order to
be just, had to be based on the true meaning of the provisions which would be
better conveyed by three texts.
Mr. GARCIA SERRATO (Uruguay) agreed with the representative of Cuba
that an understanding of the provisions would be facilitated by preparation
of several texts. Since more than one language was to be used, it would only
be fair also to adopt the language of more than one-third of the prospective
Members.
The CHAIRMAN concluded that eleven representatives had speken in favour
of the amendment presented by Argentina and Peru; twenty-three wished to
maintain the Geneva draft. Two of the latter group had made a reservation
implying that if Spanish were included, Russian and Chinese should be added
as well. He did not think it was necessary to establish a sub-committee.
/Mr. ALAYZA (Peru) suggested that a sub-committee might clarify the
question of authentic texts, as indicated by the representative of France;
it might also examine the Chairman's interpretation of the meaning of the
words" "official and authontic".
Mr. GARCIA SERRATO (Uruguay) and Mr. FEDRANO (Argentina) agreed with
the representative of Peru.
Mr. MATSCH (Austria) suggested that the Secretariat might inform the
sub-committee as to how the question had been settled by other specialized
agencies.
Mr. MACHADO (Cuba) said that in case the Peruvian proposal were not
accepted, he would have to make a reservation with regard to Article 92,
paragraph 1.
Mr. DAO (China) proposed that, if constituted, the sub-committee should
also consider the question of including Chinese as an authentic text.
The CHAIRMAN then appointed a sub-committee composed of the
representatives of Argentina, Peru, France, China, the United Kingdom and
BeIgium. |
|
GATT Library | bv612sw0876 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Summary record of the Tenth Meeting. Held at the Capital Havana Cuba Saturday 13 December 1947 at 10 30 a m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 15, 1947 | 15/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.10 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/bv612sw0876 | bv612sw0876_90050077.xml | GATT_155 | 2,694 | 17,540 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.10
ON DU 15 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L EMPLOI ORIGINAL ENGLISH
SIXTH COMMITTEE ORGANIZATION
SUMMARY RECORD OF THE TENTH MEETING
Held at the Capitol Havana Cuba
Saturday 13 December 1947 at 10 30 a m
Chairman Mr Eric COLBAN (Norway)
CONTINUATION OF DISCUSSION OF ARTICLE 74 (POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE CONFERENCE)
Paragraph 3
The CHAIRMAN announced that the sub committee establishe on the
previous day for consideration of the Pakistan amendment to Article 74
paragraph 2 had unanimously accepted the following text The Conference
may by an affirmative vote of a majority of the Members of the Organization
assig to the Executive Board the exercise of any power or the performance
of any duty of the Organization
The Commitee adopted in first reading the sub committee proposal
The Chairman then re opend discussion of the amendments to Article 74
paragraph 3 In the previous meeting the representative of Australia had
explained the significance of the two sub paragraphs of paragraph 3 and
he wondered whether the representative of Uruguay still maintained his
proposal to delete the two sub paragraphs
Mr GARCIA SERRATO (Uruguay) did not object to the suggestions of the
Australian representative He pointed out that the main part of the
Uruguay amendment provided that the decision to waive an obligation should
be made by a majority of Members of the Organization
Mr AMADR (Mexico) said that after an exchange of views with other
representatives he had come to the conclusion that categories of exceptional
circumstances should be determined by the Conference He therefore agreed
that Article 74 paragraph 3 sub paragraph (a) should be maintained
However he still considered sub paragraph (b) should be omitted
Dr COOMBS (Australia) said that while his first reaction was favourable
to the elimination of sub paragraph (b) he would like to have some time
to reconsider it
/The CHAIRMAN E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.10
Page 2
The CHAIRMAN noted that there was almost complete agreement among the
representatives of Australia, Maxico and Uruguay to retain sub-paragraph (a),
but delete sub-paragraph (b). However there remained another question to
be solved - whether the two-thirds majority provided in Article 74,
paragraph 3 of the Geneva text and as proposed by Mexico should be maintained,
or replaced by a majority of Members of the Organization as proposed by
Uruguay.
In reply to a remark by Mr. TINOCO (Costa Rica) who was under the
impression that the representative of Australia might agree to a vote by the
majority of the Members of the Organization, and thus make the decision
unanimous, the CHAIRMAN pointed out that there were probably other members
of the Committee who favoured approval by two-thirds majority of votes cast
on the important question contained in paragraph 3.
Mr. STINEBOWER (United States), referring to the Australian
representative's view on the matter, stated that his delegation had raised
no objections to the adoption of the sub-paragraph (a) which the Australian
representative had considered a necessary safeguard. He felt about the
voting question just as the Australian representative felt about this
sub-paragraph, namely that it was a fundamental matter. The question involved
was even more important than that of assignment of functions to the
Executive Board for which a two-thirds majority vote had been proposed.
Waivers should be granted after due consideration. The varying importance
of the functions of the Organization should be reflected in the different
voting procedures. He therefore supported the Geneva draft and the Mexican
amendment.
Mr. GAZDAR (Pakistan) supported the remarks of the Uited States
representative as well as the Geneva draft of Article 74, paragraph 3.
Mr. KOJEVE (France), pointing out that in the case of a "heavy"
weighted voting system a few great countries would have a power of veto
even under the two-thirds majority clause, felt that he could not pronounce
himself on the question until the matter of weighted voting had been settled.
Dr. COOMBS (Australia) acknowledged that all sides had made Compromises
in Geneva with regard to the paragraph 3. Acceptance of the provision of
two-thirds of the votes cast was based - in Geneva as well as now - on
the assumption that Alternative A of Article 72 would be accepted. In
the case that another alternative would be adopted his delegation reserved
the right to re-open the question of Article 74, paragraph 3 as well as
to review any Article containing a reference to voting procedure.
Mr. PARANAGUA (Brazil), in view of the close relationship of the two
questions under discussion, wished to reserve his position on Article 74,
/paragraph 3, E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.10
Page 3
paragraph 3, until the question of voting in Article 72 had been settled.
Mr. FORTHOMME (Belgium) wished to make clear that his support of
Article 74 paragaph 3 was based on the assumption that the "one state-
one vote" principle would be accepted.
Mr.AMADOR (Mexico) wished to clarify that all proposals put forward
by the Mexican delegation were based on the assumption that the "one state-
one vote" principle would be adopted.
The CHAIRMAN pointed out that in the first reading the majority
had favoured Alternative A of Article 72 establishing the "one state-one
vote system". Consequently, the Committee could base the discussion on the.
assumption that Alternative A would be adopted. If not, than the question
could be re-opened at,the second reading.
Mr. TINOCO (Costa Rica) agreed with the Chairman as well as with the
representative of France. He noted that, contrary to Alternative A,
Alternatives B and C would be of greatest importance in connection with
the provision of two-thirds of the votes cast. Computing numbers of votes
under Table B, he, showed that (two or) three countries could block decisions
of the Conference, thus holding a sort of veto power.
Mr.- GARCIA. SERRATO (Uruguay) agreed with the Chairmn's suggestion
and proposed that the discussion in the first reading of Article 74,
paragraph 3, should be closed.
In reply to a question by the Chairman, Mr. Garcia Serrato stated
that "the majority of the Members of the Organization" clause was of
primary importance to him. He agreed to accept the (secondary) provision
of "two-thirds of the votes cast".
The CHAIRMAN noted that the view of the representative of Uruguay,
corresponded to the Mexican proposal and to the sense of the Committee in
the first reading.
In reply to a question by Mr. KOJEVE (France), the CHAIRMAN pointed
out that countries which had not yet taken a definite stand on those
questions could do so at the second reading in the light of the decision
regarding Article 72.
Dr. COOMBS (Australia) announced that after some consideration, he
was prepared to accept the deletion of sub-paragraph "b".
Mr. HOLMES (United Kingdom), as one of the representatives who had
supported the weighted voting system during previous discussion, declared
that for the sake of expediency, he completely agreed with the Chairman's
suggestion to consider Article 74, paragraph 3 in the light of Article 72,
Alternative A. He could not agree, however, with the representative of
/Costa Rica E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.30
Page 4
Costa Rica regarding the effect of weighted voting on the Article in
question.
The Committee adopted in first reading Article 74, paragraph 3 of the
Geneva Charter with the reservation suggested by the Chairman.
The CHAIRMAN stated that paragraph 4 could be considered as adopted in
first reading since no amendments had been offered thereto.
Paragraph 5
Mr. STINEBOWER (United States) suggested that the drafting sub-committee
attempt to correct the possibly misleading use of the tern "Members" in the
encyclical and in the particular sense, and that the legal section of the
Secretariat check into this.
The CHAIRMAN thought that the Committee might establish, after the
completion of the first reading, a drafting sub-committee which would
correct all such-ambiguities, before sending the text to the Central
Drafting Committee established by the General Committee.
Mr. AUGENTHALER (Czechoslovakia) raised the question of whether
paragraph 5 was departing from the principles expressed in the Charter of
the United Nations, Article 2, paragraph 7, whereby the United Nations were
pledged not to intervene in matters which were essentially in the domestic
sphere. He considered that the Organization should not be empowered to
make recommendations as far as the objectives of the Charter were concerned
to one specific Member but only recommendations addressed to all Members
jointly.
The CHAIRMAN replied that he did not feel a contingency would arise
that could be interpreted as an interference with the economic independence
of any Member.
Mr. TANGE (Australia) called the Chairman's attention to the provisions
of Article 21, paragraph 4 (d), and other places in the Charter, which
clearly would require the Organization to make recommendations and proposals
to one specific Member. The drafting sub-committee should consider carefully,
therefore, the power of the Organization in that context.
Mr. SPEEKENBRINK (Netherlands) supported the Australian viewpoint
and added that Chapter VIII, dealing with the settlement of differences,
presupposed the issuing of rulings by the Organization which could be
directed to one Member. Unless this was maintained, the Organization would
fail in its objectives.
Mr. GAZDAR (Pakistan) had suggested to redraft the paragraph which
did not, in his opinion, interfere with domestic affairs. Mr. AUGENTHALER
(Czechoslovakia) clarified that he referred only to recommendations which
/the Organization E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.10
Page 5
the Organization would make as regars any matter pertaning to the purpose
and objectives of the Organization as paragraph 5 clearly related to
Article 1 only. Mr. FORTHOMME (Belgium) referred to the Franch text of
paragraph 3 Which, if adapted to the English version, would mean the
insertion of the word "the", reading: "The Conference may make recommendations
to the Members...". This suggestion was approved by the CHAIRMAN.
Mr. PARANAGUA (Brazil) inquired in what way the Organization could
make recommendations to the International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development.
The CHAIRMAN replied that he thought the Conference would not interfere
with, the activities of either the Bank or the Fund on the basis of
paragraph 5.
Mr. STINEBOWER (United States of America) thought that the Organization
would make general recommendations based on paragraph 5 which only
referred to the general purpose of the Organization. His delegation
would support the provision in its present text. The Organization would
not make, however, recommendations on specific transactions. In this
connection he recalled that in the relationship agreement between the
United Nations and the Bank, the United Nations undertook to refrain
from making recommendations on specific operations of the Bank.
Mr. KOJEVE (France) suggested the insertion of the word "the" in
the text of paragrah 5 so as to read "....to the Members and to the
inter-governmantal organization...." to conform with, the French text
and clarify the English version; the CHAIRMAN approved of this lnsertion. E/CONF.2/C. 6/SR.10
Page 6
Mr. W. King (China) agreed to the present version of paragraph 5 in
the first reading, but reserved his position for the second reading matter
Committee II would have decided on various Chinese amendments regarding
economic development
The CHAIRMAN further explained, in reply to a question of
Mr. SPEEKNBRINK (Netherlands), that certain powers vested in the
Organization could be assigned, in accordance with paragraph 2, to the
Executive Board; other powers, however, like those specifically reserved
to the Conference itself in paragraph 5, could not be delegated.
Dr. COOMBS (Australia) was apprehensive lest the wording of
paragraph 5 prohibit the Organization from making recommendations whenever
the Conference was not in session. He suggested that similar authority
be given to the Executive Board to prevent urgent matters being held over
until the Conference met again. This could be done by using the word
"Organization" instead. of "Conference".
The CHAIRMAN felt that it would involve too great a change if the
word. "Conference" at the beginning of paragraph 5 would have to be replaced
by the word "Organization". He accepted the Australian suggestion to
revert to that matter when the Executive Board was being discussed.
Paragraph 6.
Mr. COUILLARD (Canada), in explaining the reservation his delegation
had had inserted as a footnote to the proviso (document E/PC/T/186, page 49),
said that if a ceiling was established on one Member's contributions, then
the same procedure would have to be accepted for all of them. The scale of
contributions should be equitable, imposing no greater per capita
contribution on one Member than on others. A lowering of the present
United States contribution to the United Nations from 39.89 percent to
33.33 per cent would obviously have the effect of increasing other Member's
contributions, and would raise the Canadian par capita contribution well
above that of the United States. If the proviso was allowed to stand, it
would prevent such amicable agreements as had been entered into by the
United States in the General Assembly when it accepted 40 percent as the
upper limit of its contribution.
Mr. AMADOR (Mexico) agreed with the Canadian objections to the proviso
and, in support of his delegation's amendment (Annotated Draft Agenda,
page 8), added that the proposed sliding scale would prevent unequal
obligations to be imposed on countries with a low per capita income. Such
countries would, otherwise have to bear a disproportionate share of the
burden.
Dr. COOMBS (Australia) sympathized with the views expressed by the
Canadian and Mexican representatives and recalled his delegation's opposition
/to the proviso E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.10
Page 7
to the proviso at Geneva. Assesent of Member's shares in the budget
should conform to a genorally valid principle without specific limit.
The principle of assessment in the United Nations took into account the
income per capita, he thought, and should be applied here too. He missed
that reference to per capita income, however, in, the wording of the
Mexican amendment.,
Mr. McCARTHY (Ireland) was of the opinion that in addition to a
country's per capital income, consideration should also be given to the
availability of foreign exchange and the war damage. He also suggested
that a standard method or computing per capita national income should be
adopted by the countries issuing such data while warning that many other
countries were not publishing such figures which would make the general
application of that method very difficult. In any event, he reserved his
position if a weighted vote were adopted.
Mr. STlNEBOWER (United States of America) clarified his country's
position to the proviso as having nothing to do with its willingness to
pay. It was entirely a matter of principle which concerned the
Organization's welfare alone, inasmuch as it was not wise for any one
Member to pay more than one-third of the expenses of an organization
comprising a larger number of sovereign nations. It was only its
disproportionately large share in the organizational expenses to which
the United States objected, since it might be felt that it would thereby
be gaining undue influence over the Organization.
The Canadian apprehensions were unfounded as the proviso prohibited
larger contributions by a Member only "without its consent" and would not
prevent the United States from consenting to pay more in an emergency.
If the Irish proposal were adopted, his country's contributions would
be raised even higher. Budgetary assessments were difficult in any case,
and the more automatic they were, the better; but in any event no one
country should be put into the position of having to defray more than
one-third of the expenses of an organization with 50 or 60 members.
Mr. HAKIM (Lebanon) agreed with the United States representative but
felt it would be better to omit the proviso from the Charter altogether.
He foresaw the possibility that in the beginning of the Organization's
existence only a small number of countries might join up (in accordance
with Article 98) the United States being one of them, and that the
Conference or the Organization should be allowed to decide the issue.
Mr. COUILLARD (Canada) and Mr. GAZDAR (Pakistan) while agreeing with
the declared principles of the United States representative, still felt
that the proviso should be deleted, and Mr. KOJIVE (France), suggested that
/a clause E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.10
Page 8
a clause be inserted in this paragraph directing the Organization to avoid
markedly disproportionate assessments between Members.
The CHAIRMAN suspended the Meeting uptil Monday, 15 December 1947,
10.30 a.m.
The meeting rose at 1.00 p.m. |
|
GATT Library | ny440bk2205 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Summary record of the Thirteenth Meeting held at the Capital, Havana, Cuba Wednesday, 17 December 1947 at 10.30 a.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 17, 1947 | 17/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/ny440bk2205 | ny440bk2205_90050082.xml | GATT_155 | 2,264 | 14,749 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE CONF.2/C.6/SR.13
ON DU 17 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION
SUMMARY RECORD OF THE THIRTEENTH MEETING
Held at the Capitol, Havana, Cuba
Wednesday, 17 December 1947 at 10.30 a.m.
Chairman: Mr. Erik COLBAN (Norway)
CONTINUATION OF THE DISCUSSION OF ARTICLE 75
Mr. HOLMES (United Kingdom) took exception, to the press release issued
after the last meeting which misrepresented, mainly in its headline, but also
in the text, the stand adopted by his delegation with regard to weighted
voting. He wished to clarify again that it was not correct to say that the
United Kingdom favoured the one country-one vote principle, or that it would
go as far as the United States delegation's statement. He had only agreed
to defer judgment on that point until the Charter as a whole was defined.
Mr. ALAYZA (Peru) agreed that both the United Kingdom and Canada had
been misquoted as favouring the one country-one vote system, but he also
found fault with the press release in that it gave the impression that the
discussion had been closed and the Sub-Committee definitely established. In
tact the debate was continuing now, and in its course it might be found
necessary to alter the composition of the Sub-Committee in order to reflect
more adequately the sentiment of the Committee regarding the various
alternatives and that certain provisions could be discussed on the basis
of one country-one vote principle.
Mr. AMADOR (Mexico) also thought that the Chairman might wish to review
the composition of the Sub-Committee after the end of the debate.
The CHAIRMAN admitted that the press release had been at fault and felt
that it might be better not to have any prose releases at all than erroneous
ones, even if they were not official documents. As to the Sub-Committee, he
noted that he had, in fact, not had any speakers on his list when he had
suggested it but he would certainly amend the composition of it if the
discussion now following would require it.
Mr. ZORETO (Venezuela) supported Alternative B, as amended by the Cuban
and Chilean proposals. It was the only one which upheld the primary
objective of political equality which was far more important than all other
/considerations of E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13 Page 2
considerations of commercial interest, national income, etc. combined. The
principle of one country-one vote should logically be carried through to
Article 75. To create an exceptional and privileged statue for some Members
would violate the principle of equality, to which Alternative B alone adhered.
Mr. POLITIS (Greece) thanked the United States representative for his
declaration which would facilitate matter considerably. He thought that the
following principles ought to rule the composition of the Board: (1) It
should be representative of the Conference; (2) it should include the
economically most important countries, whose industrial development,
international trade and experience were major economic as well as political
realities; (3) it should reflect the diverse regional types of economies in
the world. The term "underdeveloped" was a very relative one, and countries
such as those of the near and middle East would be happy to have the
development of some other countries which were complaining of their under-
development.
He thought Alternative B to be the most equitable one, except that it
did not allow for the permanent representation of the big powers;
Alternative C, with the French amendment, correcte that, but did not
provide for-regional representation. His delegation would favour a compromise
solution which would permit the permanent seating of the great powers, allow
for regional representation, and provide for a vote by a two-thirds majority
of the Members voting and present in the election.
Mr. RAUF (Afghanistan) endorsed the continuous seating of the big
powers, balanced regional representation and the two-thirds vote, and
suggested that the sub-committee be charged with finding a compromise
solution embodying those principles.
Mr. GUTIERREZ (Bolivia) supported Alternative B with the Cuban
amendment.
Mr. REAL (Switzerland) spoke in favour of Alternative B and pointed out
that the members of the Executive Board should reflect the wishes of the
Conference as a whole, rather than those of their own countries or their
own commercial or governmental interest. They should, so to speak, cease
being national representatives, and then there would be no need for the
Charter to mention specific countries as becoming permanent members.
Unless this was so, and if members of the Board continued to represent only
their own countries, then every country would have a vital interest to be a
member which was clearly impossible. There was no objection in his mind to
having the most important countries being continuously reflected, which
would happen in any event, but it should not be provided in the Charter.
Mr. LIMA (El Salvador) endorsed Alternative B. He felt that it was
necessary to find a formula which recognized the rights of all nations, and
/preserved E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13
Page 3
preserved the continuous presence of the great pavers on the Board not as a
matter of right but in the interest of the Organization. He opposed the
membership of customs unions, however, whose juridical rights had not yet
been established.
He formally withdrew the El Salvador amendment (document
E/CONF.2/C.6/12/Add.1) which had been based on another amendment recently
withdrawn by the Pakistan delegation.
Mr. PACHACHI (Iraq) thought that while it was important to abide by
democratic principles, safeguards were needed to prevent their being abused.
Since it was clear that without the continued presence in the Board of the
most important economic countries the whole Organization would collapse,
Specific provision should be made in the Charter to ensure this. Alternative B
was not adequate from that point of view. Secondly, the principle of
requiring members of the Board to represent the Conference as a whole, was
certainly a good one, but factual experience in similar bodies did not
support the hope of its being carried out. The different economies and
experiences of countries should, therefore, be adequately represented by
regional arrangements, such as had not been provided for in Alternative C.
A compromise solution should be developed ensuring provisions for the
seating of permanent members and for regional economic representation.
Mr. ROUCHDY (Egypt), after thanking the United States representative
for his statement, endorsed a compromise of Alternatives B and C as the
most realistic solution which would benefit both large and small countries,
while retaining, at the same time, the two-thirds majority rule for the
election.
Mr. KUMLIN (Sweden), called the delegations' attention to the
serlous difficulties and deadlocks encountered in the Security Council of
the United Nations by the establishment of the two-thirds majority rule
for the election, which, he was afraid might similarly hamper the work of
the present organization. He suggested that after a certain number of
polls had been taken, provision should be made for the matter under debate
to be decided by simple majority.
Mr. RIVERA (Guatemala) and Mr. DOMOND (Haiti) supported Alternative B;
and Mr. ZORLU (Turkey) spoke in favour of democratic elections but for the
seating of permanent members on the Board.
Mr. FORTHOMME (Belgium) then clarified certain remarks he has made at
the Committee's eleventh meeting. In a customs union, such as that between
Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg, members retained their independent
sovereignty except for certain well defined matters, and they should,
therefore, be allowed independent representation in the Organization. Only
/in questions E/CONF.2/C .6/SR.13
Page 4
in questions of customs could they be treated as a unit. To achieve adequate
representation, he thought that the Customs Union of Benelux could be
recognize on the Board by rotating the seating of its three component
countries.
Mr. Garcia SERRATO (Uruguay), in agreeing with Chile and other
represenatives, spoke for an increased number of members on the Board.
Mr. ENTEZAM (Iran), after adding his thanks, to the United States
representative, quoted from the experience gained in the Economic and Social
Council in his support of Alternative B. Although the great powers had
no permanent seats on the Council, their continue re-election proved that
there was no danger of their being left out.
He very strongly endorsed the Swedish suggestion that the sub-Committee
study most carefully the possibility of the two-thirds vote being converted
into a simple majority vote after two or three polls had been taken.
Mr. COUILLARD (Canada) supported the United Kingdom censure of the
press release and said that he disbelieved the truth of the statement that
the United States declaration had administered the coup de grace to the
system of weighted voting. The Canadian delegation, at any rate, had not
yet abandoned that system and had withdrawn its objection to the one
country-one vote principle only temporarily to expedite the proceedings,
and had to reserve its position. The economic importance of certain countries
had to be recognized either by the system of voting or else by granting them
permanent seats on the Board. He wished to make it clear that the
provisional concession made by the United Kingdom and the Canadian delegations
had not yet definitely settled the issue.
Mr. SHAMMA (Lebanon) endorsed the statements made by the representatives
of Iraq and Egypt on behalf of a compromise solution between Alternatives B
and C.
Mr. KARMARKAR (India) recalled that at Geneva, Committee B had
considered including India as a permanent member of the Board before
partition had gone through. After the establishment of the new Dominion of
India, it might not command the necessary prerequisites for such inclusion,
but he felt that it deserved to have a permanent seat on the Board in any
event.
Mr. GAZDAR (Pakistan) observed that he had not been at Geneva, but
quoted from the figures of the Appendix, Table A document E/PC/T/186,
pages 65 and 66) to prove that while the old India occupied the fourth place
in the list of the most important countries to whom permanent seats were to
be allocated, the now Dominion of India could not possibly be so treated.
No/exact figures would be available until 1950 showing the national incomes,
populations, and external trade records of India and Pakistan respectively,
/but if E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13
Page 5
but if the relation of two to one was to be adopted, Argentina, Italy,
Australia and Sweden would now outrank India. He hoped that India would
agree to share a seat jointly with Pakistan on the Board, but he would have
to reserve his delegation's position in the event that such an agreement
failed to materialize.
Mr. MAUNG (Burma) recognized that benefits would accrue from the
continued representation on the Executive Board of the major economic
powers, but thought this representation should not be unrestricted.
Mr. ENTEZAN (Iran) appealed to India and Pakistan not to continue the
discussion on their economic importance and consequent eligibility for
membership on the Executive Board, as this question might not arise.
The CHAIRMAN stated that 44 members had taken part in the discussion;
27 were in favour of Alternative B; 2 or 3 were in favour of Alternative A,
and 7 had expressed general interest in Alternative C. The French proposal
had obtained support from Belgium, and some interest had been shown by
others who were also in favour of other alternatives, including Alternative B.
The composition of the Sub-Committee, as proposed by the CHAIRMAN would
include, amongst others, representatives of the six delegations definitely in
favour of B, three delegations definitely in favour of C, and several
delegations which were in favour of A.
The CHAIRMAN asked Mr. DJEBRARA (Syria) to be the Chairman of the
Sub-Committee.
The following membership of the sub-committee was approved: Argentina,
Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Cuba, France, Italy, India,
Norway, Pakistan, Peru, Syria, Turkey, United kingdom and United States.
Articles 76 - 79, inclusive
Approved on first reading as drafted by the Preparatory Committee.
Article 80
ln answer to a question by Mr. STINEBOWER (United States) with regard
to the words "Except as otherwise decided by the Conference...", the
CHAIRMAN assured him that the Conference could not decide to elect members
of Commissions on grounds other than personal capacity. This point might be
kept in mind by the drafting sub-committee.
Paragraph 1 was approved on first reading as drafted by the Preparatory
Committee.
Paragraph 2. The representative of Cuba objected to the rigidity
imposed by the words "The numbers, which shall not exceed seven..."
Mr. AUGENTHALER (Czechoslovakia) supported Cuba's point of view, saying
that if it was afterwards found that an additional member was necessary the
Charter would have to be amended, and Mr. de VRIES (Netherlands) thought the
/set number E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13
Page 6
set number might cause difficulties not only in the field of commercial
policies but also in economic development.
Mr. STINEBOWER (United States) reserving his position for a further
reading, nevertheless agreed with Cuba, and suggested the insertion of the
word "normally".
It was agreed that "normally" should be inserted in square brackets.
Paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 were otherwise approved on first reading as
drafted by the Preparatory Committee.
Paragraph 5. After the representative of the United States had
proposed that the drafting committee should bring this paragraph into lino
with Article 69 (e), it was approved on first reading as drafted by the
Preparatory Committee.
Mr. de la GUARDIA (Costa Rica) suggested that the drafting committee
should consider placing the Sections "The Conference", "The Executive Board",
"The Tariff Committee" and "The Commissions" in the order stated in
Article 70, and make the consequent changes in the numbering of Articles 79,
80 and 81. It was agreed the Drafting Sub-Committee would be advised of
this proposal.
. |
|
GATT Library | cp405kf4292 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Summary record of the Twelfth Meeting held at the Capital, Havana, Cuba, Tuesday, 16 December 1947 at 4.00 p.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 16, 1947 | 16/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.12 and E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.7/CORR.2-18 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/cp405kf4292 | cp405kf4292_90050080.xml | GATT_155 | 3,266 | 21,351 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.12
ON DU 16 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL:ENGLISH
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION
SUMMARY RECORD OF THE TWELFTH MEETING
Held at the Capitol, Havana, Cuba, Tuesday, 16 December 1947 at 4.00 p.m.
Chairman: Mr. Erik COLBAN (Norway)
The CHAIRMAN explained the unanimous report of the sub-committee upon
paragraph 7 of Article 74 contained in document E/CONF.2/C.6/21.
After Mr. AMADOR (Mexico) had said that in a spirit of compromise his
delegation would accept the re he report was adopted.
CONTINUATION OF DISCUSSION ON ARTICLE 75 (COMPOSITION OF THE EXECUTIVE BOARD)
Mr. GUTIERREZ (Cuba) stated that hE would only deal with a question of
principle underlying the basis of the formula for the election of the members
of the Executive Board. Neither Alternative A nor Alternative C could be
accepted because two fundamental principles were jeopardized, namely, the
equality of nations and the principle of geographical and economic
representation. The right of certain countries to a permanent seat should
be granted as a consequence of free election established on the principle of
the equality of nations, which was a constitutional principle laid down in
the Charter of the United Nations. His delegation would vote in the
Organization for the continuous representation on the Board of the United
States, the United Kingdom and certain other countries because of their
experience in economic problems and for the respect they held for the rights
of other nations.
On the principle of geographical economic representation, his delegation
thought that countries, elected to the Executive Board should represent all
Members of the Organization, the whole world economy, and not the different
economic regions.
Mr. MELLANDER (Norway) was in favour of Alternative B under which it
was possible to re-elect the major trading nation without specific mention
of their names. Alternative B, moreover, provided for reasonable election
of medium and small countries. He thought it would be an advantage to limit
the size of the Executive Board to fifteen members to enable it to take rapid
decisions. ln a comparatively small Executive Board its members would be
elected as representatives of the Conference as a whole.
/Mr.PARANAGUA (Brazil) E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.12
Page 2
Mr. PARANAGUA (Brazil) welcomed the statement made by the representative
of the United States at the previous meeting, that it accepted the principle
of "one country - one vote". Brazil had always been opposed to weighted
voting either light or heavy, which, if introduced in the Charter would
result placing the economic policy of all members under control of a few
countries. A well-balanced Executive Board must be composed of various types
of economic structure, and not only of highly industrialized countries in
which foreign trade constituted an essential element. He was prepared to
accept Alternative A as modified by the French proposal, provided that the
Executive Board was organized on the basis of the principles he had mentioned.
He proposed that a special sub-committee should be appointed to draft a new
Mr. COUILLARD (Canada) stated that he intended to clarify previous views
expressed by his delegation which were based on two considerations which
should guide approach to the question of the composition of the Executive
Board.
In regard to contributions he felt that the provision of the Charter
should be expanded although his delegation realized that Canada would
probably be the country with the highest per capita contribution whatever the
agreement reached by the informal Sub-Committee. It was a fact that Canada's
international trade per capita was considerably higher than that of the
United States.
His delegation had always favoured weighted voting as preferable to the
allocation of permanent seats on the Executive Board. In the spirit of
compromise he would agree to abandon his stand for weighted voting in the
Conference subject to the final drafting of the Charter, and would accept
either Alternative C or some improved form of the French proposal for
Article 75 although such an action seeded to ignore logic.
He supported the designation of seats on the Executive Board.The
designation of seats could be changed by a two-thirds majority vote of the
Conference under the French proposal or under Alternative C. All of the
pre-requisites stressed by the Australian and South African delegations
were covered by Alternative C or the French proposal, both of which also
met other basic requisites, not mentioned by those delegates. He agreed
with Norway that the size of the Executive Board should be as limited as
possible, and thought that a membership of between fifteen to eighteen would
be a workable number.
Mr. ROWE (Southern Rhodesia) felt that Alternative C, although not
altogether satisfactory to his delegation could be accepted as a fair
compromise. Alternative A was too rigid and inelastic, while B was too
/vegue in terms. E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.12
Page 3
vague in terms. He thought it would be useful to provide semi-permanent
seats on the Executive Committee for the reasons advanced by the
representative of France.
As to whether Belgium or the Netherlands should be separately
represented or not, he thought that this was a matter of internal arrangement
within the Benelur Union.
His delegation would support Alternative C as against B because Members
contributing most in funds, experience and ability should have a directing
influence on affairs. Alternative C differed from A in the provision for a
re-assessment of values every three years, thus allowing the necessary
opportunity for developing states to take their proper place.
Mr. KUMLIN (Sweden) emphasized the necessity, in view or the highly
technical nature of the functions of the Economic Board, for the best
qualified experts to serve as members; adequate remuneration should be
offered in order to attract men with outstanding economic qualifications.
It might be thought advisable for reference to the designation of highly
qualified experts to be included in the final drafting of the Charter.
Mr. Kumlin felt that it was desirable for the Executive Board to be
limited in number with a view to preventing what had been described as a
"pre-fabricated majority". His delegation considered that all members of the
Board should be elected by the Conference as a whole and not by specific
groups of countries. For that reason his delegation could not accept
Alternative A. Of the other two Alternatives, B was preferred.
Mr. AUGENTHALER (Czechoslovakia) agreed with the principle of
Alternative B as amended by the delegation of Chile. His delegation favoured
a provision enabling the re-election of great powers responsible for
maintenance of international peace and security, namely, China, France,
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, United Kingdom, the United States of
America and India. If Alternative B were accepted, certain modifications
might be necessary in order to bring it into conformity with Article 61 of
the Charter of the United Nations.
Mr. HOLMES (United Kingdom) clarified his delegation's position on
the question of voting in relation to the statement made by the United States
representative. He emphasized that whatever the issue under discussion,
sight must not be lost of the aim which was to secure the means whereby the
Organization might be enabled to succeed. His country was not seeking any
advantage for its own immediate ends. The Executive Board must be
representative both of the Conference of the Organization as a whole and of
the various types of economy as well as the varying trading interests. The
fact that there were a certain number of States of major economic importance
/was no E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.12
Page 4
was no extraneous consideration. The United Kingdom agreed with many of the
criticisms which had been levelled against the necessity for some type of
regional system. The disparity which existed in economic development and
other factor was a challenge to set up a beneficient instrument in the
common interest. For these reasons, he felt that Alternative C would best
meet the situation, although his delegation would consider the proposal of
the French representative subject to minor drafting modifications. It was
in the interest of all that countries of major economic importance should be
represented, not merely for a short period of office but as a matter of
continuity. Account would also have to be taken of the changes in the
relative commercial importance of the various nations.
Due recognition of countries with wide responsibilities and experience,
which would contribute largely to the purposes in view, should be given in
the composition and election of the Executive Board. He agreed with the
French representative that if the major economic countries were subject to
the ordinary process of election, undesirable lobbying would result.
He felt no hesitation in accepting the suggestion that the Conference
should provisionaIly consider and if possible reach agreement on the basis
that each State would have one vote only in the Conference of the
Organization. Similarly, he feIt that progress could be made if agreement
were provisionally reached to accept the suggestion of the United States,
and on that basis to see whether the principle contained in the French
variation of Alternative C could be accepted. Although the United Kingdom
was anxious to find an acceptable solution to all problems, final judgment
of the voting problems would have to be deferred until the Charter had been
finally drafted. He could not at that stage go so far as the united States
representative.
The United Kingdom delegation favoured the principles outlined in
Alternative C, or the French proposal and, subject to the right of all
countries to consider the Charter as a whole in its final stage, they would
agree that the question in the interests of the Organization be discussed on
the basis of "one country-one vote."
Mr. de VRIES (Netherlands) joined the representatives of the United
Kingdom and Brazil in expressing appreciation of the United States position
regarding Article 72. His delegation would support Alternative C, of
Article 75, the French amendment or some compromise suggestion on the basis
of those two formula. Alternative A was too rigid unjust and unworkable.
Rather than to have provision for "disguised permanent seats", would be
-preferable to acknowledge openly the principle that the seven members to be
immediately re-elected under Alternative B should be the economically most
/important E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.12
Page 5
important countries. Mr. de Vries pointed out that Alternative C and the
French amendment were democratic since they provided for about fifty per cent
of the seats to countries with about seventy per cent of the world's
national income, trade and population.
He supported the statement by the representative of Belgium regarding
Customs Unions in general as well as with respect to the Union of Benelux.
Mr. W. KING (China) supported other speakers with regard to the statement
of the United States representative and welcomed also the statement by the
representative of Canada. In reply to some of the arguments brought forward
against Alternative A, he explained that complexity and rigidity of formula
as such were not objectionable in the light of the other complicated
provisions of the Charter. Mere simplicity was no criterion. Furthermore,
paragraphs 8 and 9 of Alternative A provided for similar flexibility as
Alternative C. With reference to the objection that Alternative A did not
set up criteria for the designation of permanent seats, he recalled that
when formula A had been suggested, relevant factors like foreign trade,
population and others had bean considered. The permanent seats would also
give representation to countries of different types and stages of economic
development, As regards size, the Board, in order to work efficiently on
behalf of the Conference and yet not to impair such important principle as
geographic representativeness, should have from eighteen to twenty members
as suggested by the United Kingdom and Czechoslovakia respectively.
Mr. FEDRANO (Argentina) said that consistent with its position regarding
Article 72, his delegation felt that membership of the Executive Board should
not be the privilege of some countries, and therefore favoured Alternative B.
Some provision should be added to that Alternative, however, ensuring a just
representative of various economies on the Board.
Mr. MONDELLO (Italy) felt that Alternative A was unsatisfactory. His
opinion with regard to the French amendment had changed favourably after its
author's explanations. He took note of the reference to Italy in the french
statement. If the principle of that amendment were accepted, he would support
an examination of details. While not opposing the principle of Alternative C,
he felt that in its present form, it was unacceptable, since it seemed to
refer to some states only. He supported Alternative B, as amended by Chile,
because it provided the most flexible and equitable formula and also took
into account all requirements. He also favoured an increase of the number of
members eligible for immediate re-election.
Mr. MacCARTHY (Ireland) opposed Alternative A; although the United kingdom
representative had well defended Alternative C, his delegation had been
influenced by Cuba in support of B. Although there was difference
.
/between the two between the two Alternatives, B was more in harmony with the spirit of
United Nations. The countries of chief economic interests would in any case
be automatically elected to the Board.
Mr. KARMAKAR (India) was not convinced by the arguments brought against
Albernative A, which was based on the important principles of representation
of Geographic regions and various economies, a just principle in view of the
practical aims of the Organization. In that connection, however,
representation for under-developed countries would also have to be considered.
There was, of course, room for improvement, especially as regarded the
enumeration of countries in paragraph 1 (c) and the standards of
representation on the Board. He supported the representative of China's
remarks concerning the criticism of Alternative A. The argument that
Alternative A would lead to regional representation was not valid because,
once elected, a Member became the representative of the entire Conference.
Alternative C was unacceptable because it did not provide for representation
of various type of economies. Elections should be carried out by simple
majority vote only. He supported Alternative A, and if it were rejected,
would support Alternative C with certain amenments, especially as regarding
the voting question. Alternative B was entirely unacceptable.
Mr. MILLER (Chile) joined preceeding speakers in paying tribute to the
statement of the United States delegation. He was against Alternatives
A and C, but favoured B. He favoured a membership of eighteen members in
the Economic and Social Council.
Mr. DUNAWAY (Liberia) agreed with the representative of Australia
concerning Alternative A, especially since it did not provide representation
for the countries of the African Continent - Egypt had to be considered as
a Middle Eastern country. He supported Alternative B but would not object
to a plan based on Alternative C.
Mr. GAZDAR (Pakistan) [The full text of Mr. Gazdar's speech will be
circulated as a document]
Mr. NASH (New Zealand) observed that all representatives supporting
Alternative B had agreed that it would give permanent seats to certain
countries; therefore, once accepted, that principle should be include in
the Charter. Otherwise there was little difference between the two
Alternatives. States with long experience in world trade should also be
Included, Wisdom was not always to be found in major countries. He stressed
that not persons, but states would be elected which, in turn, would appoint
representatives to the Board. The good-will, wisdom and co-operativeness
of Government was of greatest importance. The Members of the Board, though
nationals of their own country, would be representatives of the Conference
/which had E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.12
Page 7
Which had elected them to implement the principles of the Organization. He
supported Alternative B, if brought closer to C, giving permanent seats
to countries of major economic interests as well as of different economies.
Mr. AMADOR (Mexico) supported Alternative B with the Chilean amendment
as the most democratic and equitable forms, coinciding with the provisions
for the Economic and Social Council in the United Nations Charter.
Paragraph 1 of Alternative A was unacceptable. His amendments to paragraphs
3 and 7 of that Alternative coincided with paragraphs 3 and 2 of B. Some
of his other amendments to A might also apply to C. Eighteen members would
best ensure a representative body.
Mr. RIVERA (Colombia) joined the representative of Mexico and Cuba in
support of Alternative B which did not recognize preferential rights of
countries.
Mr. CHIRIBOGA (Ecuador) noted that although the leitmotif of the Charter
was abolition of the preferential systems and discrimination, certain
provisions contradicted that spirit. With the practical elimination of
weighted voting for the Conference through the United States declaration,
there still remained the preferential system with regard to the Executive
Board as embodied in Alternative A and the French amendment. Under
Alternative A the world would be divided on a geographic basis. He agreed
with the representative of Cuba in rejecting Alternatives A, C and the French
amendment. Alternative B was in accordance with the democratic principles
of the Charter.
Mr. DJEBBARA (Syria) expressed appreciation of the United States
declaration. He was not convinced by the arguments presented by some
speakers. If representatives on the Executive Board were officials, then
they would be chosen as experts and not as representatives of states. If,
however, they were representatives of the Conference, then they had to
reflect the tendencies there. It was doubtful whether any representative
could ever set aside national considerations, even if elected as a
representative of the Conference. He suggested that all three Alternatives
should be referred to a sub-committee which might find formula to give
representation to countries of major economic importance and countries of
various economies.
Mr. ALAYZA (Peru) thought that the general criticism of Alternative A
and the United States statement facilitated a solution. He agreed with
other speakers regarding the necessity of providing for representation of
not only major, but also diverse, economic interests. He noted, however,
that in three of the actual drafts, countries of major economic interests
would be in the majority. It was a Board not of a corporation where
/representation E/CONF.2/C. 6/SR
page 8 - missing
E/CONF.2/C.6/SR E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.12
Page 9
its members. The Customs Union united great economic interets in Western
Europe and was one of the first stops towards free exchange - the main
principle of the Charter. He preferred the French amendment to Alternative
C because if provided for the appointment of ten permanent members for the
period of ten years thus ensuring continuity of interests on the Board.
The maximum membership should be eighteen.
Mr. ZORETO (Venezuela), upon a remark by the CHAIRMAN that the list
of speakers had been exhausted, suggested that the debate should be reopened
on the following day in order to permit more representatives to speak on
the matter.
Mr. GARCIA SERRATO (Uruguay) supported the suggestion of the
representative of Venezuela. All members of the Organization should have
and equal opportunity of election to the Executive Board. The principle of
Alternative A was incompatible with the spirit of the United Nations. With
reference to the provision of Article 2, paragraph 1 of the draft Charter,
he noted that elections to the Board should be modeled on elections to the
Economic and Social Council, as determined in Article 61 of the United Nations
Charter. He agreed with the representative of Mexico with regard to the
wisdom of Alternative B and pointed out that the question of the composition
of the Executive Board of the International Bank had no relation to the
natter under discussion.
It was agreed to postpone the debate until the following day. It was
suggested the following representatives should form a sub-committee to
consider Article 75: Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile,
China, Cuba, France, Italy, India, Norway, Pakistan, United Kingdom,
United States of America, Syria and Turkey. |
|
GATT Library | hc229jq0718 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Summary record of Third Meeting held at Havana, Cuba Tuesday, 2 December 1947 a.t 4,0 p.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 2, 1947 | 02/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.3 and E/CONF.2/C.6/103/ADD.2-112C.6/SR.1-7/CORR.1 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/hc229jq0718 | hc229jq0718_90050059.xml | GATT_155 | 797 | 5,362 | United Nations Nations Unies
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.3
ON DU 2 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION
SUMMARY RECORD OF THIRD MEETING
Held at Havana, Cuba
Tuesday, 2 December 1947 a.t 4,0 p.m.
Mr. USSHER (Argentina) requested that interpretations should be made
into Spanish in addition to the two working languages, The CHAIRMAN referred
the representative of Argentina to Rule 38 of the Rules of Procedure. It
was stressed in the discussion that the General Committee would be the propar
place to raise objections against-the Rules of Procedure. Several
representatives requested simultaneous interpretation in view of the bad
accounts of the hall. The CHAIRMAN promised to bring the matter to the
attention of the Secretariat.
ARTICLE 68
into Spanish in addition to the two working languages. The CHAIRMAN referred
of Burma, Italy and Pakistan. He proposed to take up first the amendment of
the Burma delegation. The main object of this was to place separate customs
territories in the same position as regards admission to and participation in
the Organization as states.
Mr. KYIN (Burma) stated that Burma was not prompted. by any motives of
self-interest in moving this amendment, as she would be in fact and in law
an independent country as from the date of 4 January 1948, when the transfer
attention of the Secretariat.
of powers from Britain would take place. The amendment was directed to
correcting a gross ineuity and embodied the principle of full voting rights
for all members, on which discussion had already taken place. He
further called attention to the fact membership rights had been extended
to Trust Territories administered by the United Nations and to the Free
Territory of Triests.
Mr. ROWE (Southern Rhodesia) supported the Burmese proposal. The
amendment would remove any doubte about the standing of separate customs
territories and accord them the same rights as other signatories of the
Charter commensurate with the responsibilities which they would have to E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.3 Page 2
Mr. FORTHMME (Belgium) had no criticism of principle to make but
proposed a drafting amendment in order to make it clear that the separate
customs territories invited to the Conference would become Members of the
Organization upon acceptance of the Charter on their behalf by the competent
Member in accordance with paragraph 2 of Article 99.
The CHAIRMAN ruled. that the principle of the Burmese amendment would
first have to be discussed by the Committee, and requested the Belgian
representative to submit his drafting amendment to the Burmese proposal in
writing, when it would be considered at the next meeting of the Committee.
Mr. AMADOR (Mexico) thought that before giving any opinion on the
principle of the Burmese amendment, it was essential that the Committee study
carefully and compare all the amendments submitted. He suggested.
postponing until later the discussion of paragraph 3, 4 and 5, and first
dealing with paragraph 1and 2.
Mr. STINEBOWER (United states of America) asked for some time to study
the many amendments which had been submitted at the beginning of the
Committee's work. The Burmese amendment on the face of it seemed to deserve.
a. great deal of sympathetic consideration. Although paragraph 3 of
Article 68 might be slightly ambiguous, its intent was clear, and paragraph 4
specifically envisaged the possibility of such customs territories becoming
full voting members. He considered that more time should be given to the
members of the committee to consider the problems of legal and constitutional
relationships involved.
The CHAIRMAN, in reply to the representative of Mexico, stated that
since no amendments had been offered to paragraphs and 2, it had been
in order to discuss the Burmese proposal. He proposed, inthe absence of
any opposition thereto, to take up the first reading of the Burmese proposal
and of the Belgian amendment at the next meeting of the Committee,
Mr. KYIN (Burma) made the reservation that his delegation would not
bound to accept the Belgian amendment with which the CHIRMAN agreed;
Mr. FORTHOMME (Belgium) then added that his proposed. amendment was meant
only to serve as a clarification of the Burmese text with the principle
only to serve as a clarification of the Burmese text with the principles.
of which he was in complete agreement.
FIRST FOOTNOTE TO ARTICLE 68 (page 47 of document E/PC/T/186)
The CHAIRMAN felt that the subject matter was entirely outside the
scope of the Trade Organization and should be left in the hands of the organs
of the United Nations without including any reference, to it in the Charter
Mr. HOLMES (United Kingdom), Mr. KOJEVE (France) and Mr. AMADOR (Mexico)
agreed with the Chairman, but Mr. HOLMES thought that without specifying it
in the Charter the matter should be left open for later consideration by the
Organization.
/Mr. STINEBOWER (United States |
|
GATT Library | cg120nr0239 | Sixth Committee: Organization : Summary record of Third Meeting held at Havana, Cuba, Tuesday, 2 December 1947 at 4.00 p.m. Corrigendum | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 5, 1947 | 05/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.3/Corr.1 and E/CONF.2/C.6/103/ADD.2-112C.6/SR.1-7/CORR.1 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/cg120nr0239 | cg120nr0239_90050060.xml | GATT_155 | 180 | 1,551 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.3/ Corr. 1
ON DU 5 December 1947
ENGLISH - FRENCH
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
SIXTH COMMITTEE: ORGANIZATION
SUMMARY RECORD OF THIRD MEETING
Held at Havana, : Cuba,
Tuesday, 2 December 1947 at 4.00 p.m.
At the request of the delegation of Italy, the following corriegnedum
in made to the text of the Summary Record of the third meeting of
Committee VI:
Page 3, paragraph 3
In place of paragraph 3, substitute:
delegation of Italy, the following corrigendum
"Mr. MONDELLO (Italy) considered that it was not necessary
any case it could not be mentioned among trust territories."
It was covored by other paragraphs of the same article and in
manière suivante
Page 4, troisième paragraphe
Remplacer le paragrphe 3 par le paragrape ci-dessous :
"Mr. MOIDEULO (Italie) estime qu'il ntest pwas ncessaire de
mentionner nommément. le Territoire libre de Trieste, étant donné
que d'autress paragraphes du mâes article s'appliquent à ce Terri-.
toire et que, de touts fanon, il ne pourrait être classé- parmi les
Territoires sous tutelle". |
|
GATT Library | dw572sh4023 | Sixth Meeting : Held at the Capitol, Havana, Cuba Monday, 22 December 1947, 4.00 p.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 23, 1947 | Joint Sub-Committee of Committees II and VI | 23/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.26/A/W.1, E/CONF.2/C.2/D/W.1-3, C.23/A/W.1-3, and C.26/A/W.1-29 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/dw572sh4023 | dw572sh4023_90180355.xml | GATT_155 | 174 | 1,247 | United Nations Nations Unies
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE
ON DU E/CONF.2/0.2&6/A/W.1
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI 23 December 1947
ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
JOINT SUB-COMMITTEE OF COMMITTEES II AND VI
SIXTH MEETING
Held at the Capitol, Havana, Cuba
Monday, 22 December 1947, 4.00 p.m.
Chairman: Mr.H. C. COOMBS (Australia)
The additional paragraph proposed by Costa Rica to be added to
Article 12 and the preamble to paragraph 1 and sub-paragraph (b) of
paragraph 1 of new Article 12 A proposed by Colombia - both concerning
double taxation - were further discussed.
At the close of the discussion it was agreed to establish a working
party consisting of the representatives of Australia, Colombia, Costa Rica,
France and the United States of America, to examine the matter further and
report back to the Sub-Committee.
It was also agreed that paragraph 2 of the new Article 12 A proposed
by Colombia (appearing on page 28 of document E/CONF.2/C.9), should be
deferred pending consideration of other amendments concerning relations
between the ITO and the International Bank of Reconstruction and Development. |
GATT Library | xz504bz7067 | Sixth Plenary Meeting (PM) Take #4 | United Nations Conference on Trade & Employment, November 28, 1947 | Department of Public Information Havana, Cuba and United Nations Conference on Trade & Employment | 28/11/1947 | press releases | Press Release ITO/71 and ITO/48-73 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/xz504bz7067 | xz504bz7067_90200362.xml | GATT_155 | 552 | 3,471 | UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE & EMPLOYMENT
Department of Public Information
Havana, Cuba
(PM) TAKE #4
Press Release ITO/71
28 Noveraber 1947
SIXTH PLENARY MEETING (PM) TAKE #4
On behalf of France, Mr. Andre Philip called attention to the
fact that unlike the preparatory meetings, the present Conference
was definitive and attended by a my large number of countries.
The work here, he said, must be accomplished in a spirit of
compromise to æhieve a generally acceptable Chapter.
He expressed the hope that even countries not represented
here would eventually adhere to the Charter here produced. The door,
he decared, must be kept open.
Among those here, he stated there were two categories, com-
posed respectively of those nations which participated in the prep-
aratory work and of those which are participating new for the first
time.
He said the Draft Chartar emerging from the preparatory com-
mitte was in certain respects superior to the first draft basis
initaially submitted by the USA. He hoped that the Charter adopted
at this conference would prove even better than the present draft
document.
Mr. Philip also called attention to the concrete work already
achieved with the conclusion of the General Agreement on Tariffs and
Trade. This àgreement, he stated, already applied some of the prin-
ciples embodied in the Draft Charter.
it was necessary, said Mr. Philip, tc know what was wanted and
then to know how to achieve this desired goal. What was wanted, he
said, was well known: cooperation to avoid a repetition of past
international depressions and ecnomic chaos -- the result of un-
trammelled economic chauvinism, with its attendant nationalistic
trade barriers, restrictions and discriminations.
(MORE) Take #4 -2- ITO/71
Mr. Philip added that there aùld be no return to a simple
laissez-fairre in which each did what he wanted without regard to
the wolfare of others.
The problem for Europe, he said, was not merely one f reconstruc-
tion; it was rather one of modernization, of economic harmonization.
The present winter, Mr, Philip said, imposed additional dif-
ficulties and hardships in Europe. Parmanent collaboration of all
its peoples was needed, he daclared . Even so, he said, the recons-
truction of Europe would take longer than anticipated..
Import and Export must be careful lly planned, Mr. Philip stated.
In addition, he added to temporary measures certain permanent
measures should be envisaged. Plans must be mode even new to pre-
went or resolve future economic crises by cencerted international
action, by such projects as international public works projects.
One must aim at the promotion of an expanding world economy,
Mr. Philip said; an organization must be set up to interpret and
supervise the gneral policies laid down in the International Trada
Charter new being studied at this Conference. Every nation parti-
cipating must be prepared to give up a portion of its severeignty,
Our work must be really constructive, leaving aside the criticisms we
may want to make of one another.
The task, he sid, ws hard. To succeeed, he declared, it was
necessary that there be a real will to succeed.
Present world conditions, he said, caused anxiety among the
peoples. Success at the present Conference, he said, would help to
counterast this anxiety and to offer new hope to the people of the
world.
(END OF TAKE #4) |
GATT Library | yy080df1717 | Sixth Plenary Meeting (PM) Take #6 | United Nations Conference on Trade & Employment, November 28, 1947 | Department of Public Information Havana, Cuba and United Nations Conference on Trade & Employment | 28/11/1947 | press releases | Press Release ITO/71 and ITO/48-73 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/yy080df1717 | yy080df1717_90200364.xml | GATT_155 | 448 | 2,905 | UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE & EMPLOYMENT
Department of Public Information
Havana, Cuba,
(PM) TAKE #6
Press Release ITO/71
28 November 1947
SIXTH PLENARY MEETING (PM) TAKE #6
Mr. Walter Nash, New Zealnd, said his government attended this
Conference to help achieve the declared objectives contained in the
first Chapter of the Draft Chater. He hoped that improvements
would be made in several parts of the draft document so that the
best realizable Chartar might finally emerge. He. callcd for a
spirit of conciliation in the work on the Draft Charter.
The fundamental objective of the Chairter, Mr. Nash added, was
the achievement of higher standards of life everywhere. This meant,
he stated, that underdeveloped nations must be encouraged to develop
production, employment must be availace for all, restrictions on
trade must go and a fairerr distribution of goods must be achieved.
Matural resources, he declared, must be exploited nd Dre fully but
"exploitation of human beings must cease".
New Zealand's own standard of living, he said, was high but
could become even higjer, given international ccoperaton in the
economic sphere, While acknowleding the importance of safeguards,
Mr. flash urged the Conference to concentrate on "positive" aspects
of the problem: full employment higher living standards, better
distribution of goods. These aspects he regarded as requiring pri-
mary solution, before tackling the reduction of trade barriers on a
world-wide scale.
New Zealand'ss par capital export of food products, Mr. Nash
continued, was the highest in the world. Such safeguards and con-
trel's as New Zealand has adoped in connection with imorts were
taken, he said to promete the development of her international economy.
Imports, he declareed, were permitted up to the full amount of her
exchange currency.
(MORE) (PM) TAKE #6 -2- ITO/71
Quantitative restrictions of trafet would be continued by New Zealand,
he said, so long as they led to expansion, rather than to contraction
of trade.
After having expressed appreciation of the work of the preparat-
cry committee, Mr. Nash emphasized once again that the main task of
this Conference was the drafting of a workable trade Charter.
The older and economically more developed nations, he said,
were under obligation to adopt credit and investment policies for
the benefit of war-devastateatd and under-developed countries. If this
were done, he said, living standards could rise one hundred fold. He
added that it could not be tolerated in the future that life exect-
ancy was 27 years in one country and 68 in another.
In conclusion, Mr. Nash called for speedy work so that the In-
ternational Trade Organization could quickly come into being to
achieve the basic objectives on which all were agreed.
(END OF (PM) TAKE #6) |
GATT Library | mw114hx2052 | Sixth Plenary Meeting--(PM)Take #3 | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, November 28, 1947 | Department of Public Information Havana, Cuba and United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment | 28/11/1947 | press releases | Press Release ITO/71 and ITO/48-73 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/mw114hx2052 | mw114hx2052_90200361.xml | GATT_155 | 294 | 1,894 | UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC INFORMATION
HAVANA, CUBA
(PM ) Take #3
Press Release ITO/71
28 November 1947
SIXTH PLENARY MEETING -- (PM)TAKE #3
Next to speak was DR. GEORGE HAKIM, Representative of Lebanon.
Dr. Hakim said that the International Trade Organization represented
an attempt to regulate economic relations between nations ration-
ally and effectively. The draft Charter before us, he added, had
been prepared with the greatest care but did not give complete
satisfiction to all nations, It could nevertheless be considered
in the opinion of the Lebanese delegate as a good basis for agree-
ment by all.
Emphasizing the importance of developing production throughout
the world and of rising the standards of living of all people, Dr.
Hakim affirmed that the reduction of trade barriers might not
necessarily lend to such results, unless it was accompanied by posit-
ive and constructive action. Export of capital, he said, was a
necessity of first order for the advanced industrialized countries
and the under-developed countries constituted a natural outlet for
such exports. Meanwhile, the Representative of Lebanon continued,
the under-developed countries must insure their own interests in
promoting their economic development to the fullest possible extent-
As a Member of the Arab League, Dr. Hakim said, Lebanon was
bound to follow a policy of economic cooperation with its sister
Arab countries. He added that while there was no conflict between
this interest and the interest of the trading countries of the world,
it must be insured that whenever there was any possibility of con-
flict the interest of the region to which Leb-non belonged would
be preserved.
In conclusion, Mr. Hakim expressed his hope that the Conference
will succeed in the accomplishment of its tasks.
( END OF TAKE #3) |
GATT Library | dp300hv8317 | Sixth Plenary (PM) Take #5 | United Nations Conference on Trade & Employment, November 28, 1947 | Department of Public Information Havana, Cuba and United Nations Conference on Trade & Employment | 28/11/1947 | press releases | Press Release ITO/71 and ITO/48-73 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/dp300hv8317 | dp300hv8317_90200363.xml | GATT_155 | 225 | 1,414 | UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE & EMPLOYMENT
Department of Public Information
Havana, Cuba.
Sixth Plenary Meeting (PM) TAKE #5
Press Release ITO/71
28 November 1947
SIXTH PLENARY (PM) TAKE #5
Mr. Kemel Suleyman Vaner of Turkey was the next speaker.
after having expressed the gratitude of his governmert to all
those who took part in the preparation of the Conference, Mr. Vaner
declared that his delegation will present its observatiocins and amenc
ments when the individual Articlas of the Charter areI discussed.
Because of the situation created by two destructive warrs and
in view of the fact that, there were great differences in the de-
velopment of the economics if the different countries, he continued,
the draft charter had to be a work of compromise. In his opinion,
it is precisely because it contained provisions for the aid to
economically under-developed countries that the Charter holds
promise for the future .
Two wars, Mr. Vaner said, taught us the dangers of economic
isolationism. If we adopt the spirit of the Charter heo continued,
if we promote the greatest possible exchange of trade, we will be
able to acheve the goals of general prospericy and security.
As to Turkey, Mr. Vaner concluded, she is determined to do
her utmest to contribute to the accomplishment of the aims laid
down in the Charter.
(End of Take #5) |
GATT Library | rh663vy1231 | Sixth Plenary (PM) Take #7 | United Nations Conference on Trade & Employment, November 28, 1947 | Department of Public Information Havana, Cuba and United Nations Conference on Trade & Employment | 28/11/1947 | press releases | Press Release ITO/71 and ITO/48-73 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/rh663vy1231 | rh663vy1231_90200365.xml | GATT_155 | 303 | 1,925 | UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE & EMPLOYMENT
Department of Public Information
Havana, Cuba
(PM) TAKE #7
Press Release ITO/71
SIXTH PLENARY (PM) TAKE #7 28 November 1947
The Representative of Peru, Dr. Ernesto Alyza Grundy, declared
that though economic problems and those of trade policy cover the
largest part of the draft Chapter, it was evident from the very be-
ginning that these are not of equal importance as indicated
in the Charter.
He further stated that the fourteen Articles in Chapters
2 and 3 hardly express the purposes and objectives enunciated in
Article I.
Suth deficiency, he said, has a fundamental importance for the
under-developed countries of the world. On the othen hand, said the
Peruvian Delegate, it is not enough to enunciate a thesis, it is
absolutely necessary to show procedures to create the necessary in-
struments, because otherwise the under-developed countries will not
be able to exploit their national resources.
Mr. Grundy then referred specifically to Chapters IV and V
stating that his country was an agrement with the dominent tendency
of the draft Charter to organize international trade in a multilater-
al equitable basis so all countries may have access to the world's
markets.
The Representative of Peru favored the inclusion Of
every country in the ITO without any further requirement than the
acceutance of the Charter, since all nations have rights to promote
in international trade.
President Clark then announced that the next plenary meeting
would take place at 4:O0 p.m. tomorrow, uL day, 29 November. He
also announced that the Ad Hoc Subcommittee can Veting Rights would
meet at 10:30 am tomorrow while the Heads of Delegations would meet
tomorrow after the plenary meeting to receive the report of the sub-
committee on voting.
The meeting then adjourned.
(END OF TAKE #7 AND OF PRESS RELEASE ITO/71) |
GATT Library | fc255rz1443 | Sixth Plenary (PM) Take#2 | United Nations Conference on Trade & Employment, November 28, 1947 | Department of Public Information Havana, Cuba and United Nations Conference on Trade & Employment | 28/11/1947 | press releases | Press Release ITO/71 and ITO/48-73 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/fc255rz1443 | fc255rz1443_90200360.xml | GATT_155 | 577 | 3,578 | UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE & EMPLOYMENT
Department of Public Information
Havana, Cuba
(AM)TAKE #2,
Press Release ITO/71
28 November 1947
SIXTH PLENARY (PM) TAKE#2
The next speaker, Mr. Saleh Haider, head of the Iraqi Delega-
tion. announced that he was also speaking for the Kingdom of
Transjordania.
Mr. Haider said that although neither Iraq nor Transjordania
participted in the drafting of the document charter, they find them-
selves in complete agreement with the purposes of the organization
and with many of the general principles laid down for the regulation
of trade between nations.
Expressing a special interest in the transition periodafforded
war-ravaged countrics, Mr.Haider asked if it would not be reasonable
to allow a transition period to uneveloped countries, where poverty
abounds, in order that these countries might develop their rosources
to a certain extent before assuming ether obligations under the
Charter.
"If" said Mr. Haider, ".we accept the principle that the transi-
tion period should not in practice be necessarily equal in respect
of all countries, we should be able to arrive at a compromise which
would secure for all countries the opportunities they require for
realizing the aims intended in this Charter for themselves as well
as for the whole world."
Mr. Haider traced the economic history of the Tigris and
Euphrates Valleys and pointed out that by agriculture, industry and
trade, the areas could support three to four tires as many as in-
habit then today. He pointed out that through invasion, famine and
foreign despots the irrigation system by which the land had thrived
was destroyed and with it the basis of the countries' resources.
The building of the Suez Canal, he cxplained, did much to improve
(MORE) - 2 - (AM) TAKE #2
ITO/71
conditions, as did the discovery of oil, but still, he added, the
country was still far front developed at the start of World War II.
The war, he said, halted major irrigation schemes and other construe
tion projects for lack of supplies,
Rising prices during and since the war, he explained, had left
the nations with a deficit. Because of this, he said, certain restric
ties had to be imposed on the importation of luxury items, and on
the importation of goes from "hard currency areas."
Iraq and the Kingdom, of Transjordania, Mr. Haider stated, as
members of the Arab Leaguc, are bound to further and strengthen
eccnomic ties among the Arab countries. Also, as former parts of
the Ottoman Empire, they were allowed preferental treatment among
other parts of the Empire under the Treaty of Lausanne. In all
commercial treations, he added, the two countries had reserved the
right to give preference to those nations ,which had been a part of
the Ottoman Empire and to make an exception on that case from the
most favored nation clauses. Mr. Haider suggested that in the in-
terest of everyone, it might be better to reserve the right freely
to practice such preference in order to foster the development of
that section of the world.
In conclusion, the Delegate of Iraq and Transjordania stated
that a set of circumstances, entirely outside their making, had im-
they
posed:, on the countries a situation in which / had had to abandon
their
_/ traditional policy of non-discrimination against any state,
country or people. He hoped, he said, that adeaquate safeguards
would be embodied finally in the Charter to pretect its vital in-
terests in this respect.
(End of Take #2) |
GATT Library | mb328jw9044 | SPEC(90) | [ca. 1947 - 1994] | NaT | official documents | SPEC(90), SPEC(90)1-10, SPEC(90), and SPEC(90)1-10 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/mb328jw9044 | mb328jw9044_92270001.xml | GATT_155 | 1,094 | 10,771 | SPEC(90)
** *********************
Spec(90)1
ANALYTICAL INDEX.
(23/01/90) E. F. S.
90-0090 MF. 001.
Spec(90 )2
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY ARRANGEMENT - COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL
REGARDING CERTAIN MILK POWDERS - COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL
REGARDING MILK DAT AND COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING
CERTAIN CNEESES - Draft Report of the Fortieth Session (11
December 1989).
(31/01/90) E. F. S.
90-0132 MF. 022.
Spec(90) 3
THIRD MEETING OF THE WORKING GROUP ON THE EXPORT OF DOMESTICALLY
PROHIBITED GOODS AND OTHER HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES.
(02/02/90) E. F. S.
90-0139 MF 002.
Spec( 90)4
TRADE POLICY REVIEW MECHANISM - Statement by the Delegation of
Cuba.
(05/02/90) S. E. F.
90-0146 MF. 007.
Spec(90)5
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 JANUARY 1990.
(05/02/90) E. F. S.
90-0155 MF. 003.
Spec(90)6
ACCESSION OF VENEZUELA - REGIME IN EFFECT IN VENEZUELA FOR
FOREIGN TRADE IN AGRICULTURAL AND AGRO-INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS.
(06/02/90) S. E. F.
90-0173 MF. 026.
Spec(90) 7 NOT ON MICROFICHE
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF VENEZUELA - LIST OF
REPRESENTATIVES.
(05/02/90) E. F. S.
90-0208 MF. 010.
- 1 - Spec(90)8
INTERNATIONAL MEAT COUNCIL - TWENTY-FIRST MEETING - DRAFT REPORT.
(23/02/90) E. F. S.
90-0242. 014.
Spec(90)8/Corr.1
INTERNATIONAL MEAT COUNCIL - TWENTY-FIRST MEETING - DRAFT REPORT -
CORRIGENDUM.
(26/03/90) E. F. S.
90-0401. 001.
Spec( 90)9 NOT ON MICROFICHE
WORKING GROUP ON THE EXPORT OF DOMESTICALLY PROHIBITED GOODS AND
OTHER HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES - LIST OF REPRESENTATIVES.
(12/02/90) E. F. S.
90-0241 MF. 010.
Spec(90)10
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF VENEZUELA.
(21/03/90) E. F. S.
90-0378. 044.
Spec(90)11
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 28 FEBRUARY 1990.
(01/03/90) E. F. S.
90-0293. 003.
Spec(90)12
WORKING GROUP ON DOMESTICALLY PROHIBITED GOODS AND OTHER
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES - DRAFT REPORT OF THE FOURTH MEETING OF THE
WORKING GROUP.
(29/03/90) E. F. S.
90-0420. 004.
Spec(90)13
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY PRODUCTS COUNCIL - TWENTY-SECOND SESSION -
DRAFT REPORT.
(06/04/90) E. F. S.
90-0496. 015.
Spec(90)13/Add.1
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY PRODUCTS COUNCIL - TWENTY-SECOND SESSION
DRAFT REPORT - Addendum - Submission by Australia.
(01/05/90) E. F. S.
90-0602. 002.
- 2 - Spec(90) 14
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 MARCH 1990.
(03/04/90) E. F. S.
90-0479. 003.
Spec(90)15
ADMINISTRATIVE AND FINANCIAL QUESTIONS - Decisions of the United
Nations General Assembly Affecting Conditions of Service of GATT
Staff - Budgetary Implications - Note by the Secretariat.
(01/05/90) E. F. S.
90-0601. 005.
Spec(90)16 NOT ON MICROFICHE
WORKING PARTY ON ACCESSION OF VENEZUELA - LIST OF
REPRESENTATIVES.
(28/03/90) E. F. S.
90-0494. 009.
Spec(90)17
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN CHEESES - COMMITTEE
OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN MILK POWDERS - COMMITTEE OF THE
PROTOCOL REGARDING MILK FAT - Report of the Forty-First Session -
19-20 March 1990.
(08/05/90) E. F. S.
90-0639 MF. 031.
Spec(90)18
ADMINISTRATIVE AND FINANCIAL QUESTIONS - Analysis of Expenditure
on GATT Regular Activities and Uruguay Round Activities 1988-1989
- Explanatory Note.
(01/05/90) E. F. S.
90-0599. 008.
Spec(90)19
STAEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 30 APRIL 1990.
(03/05/90) E. F. S.
90-0628. 002.
Spec(90)20
FIFTH MEETING OF THE WORKING GROUP ON DOMESTICALLY PROHIBITED
GOODS AND OTHER HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES.
(11/05/90) E. F. S.
90-0659. 003.
Spec(90)21
COMMITTEE ON BUDGET, FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION - Note by the
Chairman - Preparation of the 1991 Budget Estimates of the GATT.
(21/05/90) E. F. S.
90-0690. 005.
- 3 - Spec(90)22
ANALYTICAL INDEX.
(03/07/90)
90-0934.
E. F. S.
001.
Spec(90)23
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 MAY 1990.
(07/06/90) E. F. S.
90-0789.
002.
Spec(90)24 NOT ON MICROFICHE
WORKING PARTY ON ACCESSION OF EL SALVADOR - LIST OF
REPRESENTATIVES.
(31/05/90)
90-0834.
E. F. S.
008.
Spec(90)25
NOT ON MICROFICHE
WORKING GROUP ON ACCESSION OF GUATEMALA - LIST OF
REPRESENTATIVES.
(01/06/90)
90-0835.
Spec(90'26
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION
(20/06/90)
90-0884.
OF VENEZUELA.
E. F. S.
050.
Spec(90)27
SIXTH MEETING OF THE WORKING GROUP ON DOMESTICALLY
GOODS AND OTHER HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES.
(13/07/90)
90-1.000.
PROHIBITED
E. F. S.
002.
Spec(90)28
COMMITTEE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT - DRAFT NOTE ON PROCEEDINGS OF
THE SIXTY-EIGHTH SESSION - Prepared by the Secretariat.
(03/08/90) E. F. S.
90-1096.
010.
Spec(90)29
INTERNATIONAL MEAT COUNCIL - TWENTY-SECOND MEETING - DRAFT
REPORT.
(25/07/90) E. F. S.
90-1039.
011.
- 4 -
E. F. S.
009. Spec(90)29/Corr.1
INTERNATIONAL MEAT COUNCIL - TWENTY-SECOND MEETING - DRAFT REPORT
- Corrigendum.
(14/08/90) E. F. S.
90-:139. 001.
Spec(90)29/Corr.2
INTERNATIONAL MEAT COUNCIL - TWENTY-SECOND MEETING - Draft Report
- Corrigendum.
(18/09/90) E. F. S.
90-1269. 001.
Spec(90)30
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 30 JUNE 1990.
(10/07/90) E. F. S.
90-0971. 002.
Spec(90)31
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING MILK FAT - COMMlTTEE OF THE
PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN CHEESES - COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL
REGARDING CERTAIN MILK POWDERS - Report of the Forty-Second
Session - 18-19 June 1990.
(14/08/90) E. F. S.
90-1-133. 028.
Spec(90)32
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 JULY 1990.
(02/08/90) E. F. S.
90-1097. 002.
Spec(90)33
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY PRODUCTS COUNCIL - TWENTY-THIRD SESSION -
DRAFT REPORT.
(01/10/90) E. F. S.
90-1361. 015.
Spec(90)34
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 30 SEPTEMBER 1990.
(04/10/90) E. F. S.
90-1395. 002.
Spec(90)35
DRAFT REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT TO THE
CONTRACTING PARTIES.
(16/10/90) E. F. S.
90-1467. 007.
- 5 - Spec(90)36
SEVENTH MEETING OF THE WORKING GROUP ON DOMESTICALLY PROHIBITED
GOODS AND OTHER HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES.
(04/09/90) E. F. S.
90-1191. 004.
Spec(90)37
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 AUGUST 1990.
(04/09/90) E. F. S.
90-1202. 002.
Spec(90)38
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN MILK POWDERS -
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING MILK FAT - COMMITTEE OF THE
PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN CHEESES - Report of the Forty-Third
Session - 17-18 September 1990.
(29/10/90) E. F. S.
90-1547. 030.
Spec(90)39
ETGHTH MEETING OF THE WORKING GROUP ON DOMESTICALLY PROHIBITED
GOODS AND OTHER HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES.
(01/11/90) E. F. S.
90-1574. 004.
Spec(90)40
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF EL
SALVADOR.
(08/11/90) E. F. S.
90-1626. 035.
Spec(90)41
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF GUATEMALA.
(08/11/90) E. F. S.
90-1612. 027.
Spec(90)42 - not issued
Spec(90)43
SUB-COMMITTEE ON TRADE OF LEAST-DEVELOPED COUNTRIES - DRAFT NOTE
ON PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWELFTH MEETING - Prepared by the
Secretariat.
(26/11/90) E. F. S.
90-1684. 009.
Spec(90)44
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 30 NOVEMBER 1990.
(05/12/90) E. F. S.
90-1754. 002.
Spec(90)45
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN CHEESES - COMMITTEE
OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN MILK POWDERS - COMMITTEE OF THE
PROTOCOL REGARDING MILK FAT - Report of the Forty-Fourth Session -
10, 11 and 12 December 1990.
(14/01/91) E. F. S.
91-0067. 023.
- 6 - |
|
GATT Library | dv462yc1931 | SPEC(91) | [ca. 1947 - 1994] | NaT | official documents | SPEC(91) and SPEC(91) | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/dv462yc1931 | dv462yc1931_92270045.xml | GATT_155 | 6,631 | 62,907 | SPEC(91)
Spec(91)1
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 DECEMBER 1.990.
(11/01/91) E. F. S.
91-0074 MF. 002.
Spec(91)2
ADMINISTRATIVE AND FINANCIAL QUESTIONS - Activities of the common
system bodies in 1990 - Note by the Secretariat.
(25/01/91) E. F. S.
91-0105. 003.
Spec(91)3
MEETING OF THE WORKING GROUP ON DOMESTICALLY PROHIBITED GOODS AND
OTHER HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES - 29-30 October 1990.
(25/01/91) E. F. S.
91-0100. 004.
Spec(91)4
MEETING OF THE WORKING GROUP ON DOMESTICALLY PROHIBITED GOODS AND
OTHER HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES 12 November 1990.
(25/01/91) E. F. S.
91-0101. 003.
Spec(91)5
ADMINISTRATIVE AND FINANCIAL QUESTIONS - Renewal of Contracts of
Staff Engaged for the Uruguay Round - Note by the Secretariat.
(06/02/91) E. F. S.
91-0169 MF. 001.
Spec(91)6
ADMINISTRATIVE AND FINANCIAL QUESTIONS - Extension of Date for
Presentation of Final 1991 Budget - Note by the Secretariat.
(06/02/91) E. F. S.
91-0170 MF. 001.
Spec(91)7
CANADA - IMPORT, DISTRIBUTION AND SALE OF CERTAIN ALCOHOLIC
DRINKS BY PROVINCIAL MARKETING AGENCIES - RECOURSE TO ARTICLE
XXIII:2 BY THE UNITED STATES (DS17/2) - Communication from the
United States.
(11/02/91) E. F. S.
91-0204 MF. 002.
- 1 -
. . .
.-It-.,.*-.-?'. ., - 1. .. .. .. .. * 9.1 * il; '.,C* * * * î1? * *
-- - - - .. - .. .- .- -- - - .1 ?- --- 1---- .-- --. .- - Spec(91)8
INTERNATIONAL MEAT COUNCIL - Twenty-Third Meeting - Draft Report.
(20/02/91) E. F. S.
91-0229 MF. 014.
Spec(91)9
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 JANUARY 1991.
(07/02/91) E. F. S.
91-0219 MF. 003.
Spec(91)10
WORKING PARTY ON GERMAN UNIFICATION - TRANSITIONAL MEASURES
ADOPTED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES - COMMUNICATION FROM THE
EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES (Replies to questionnaires from participants
in the Working Party).
(17/05/91) E. F. S.
91-0677 MF. 038.
Spec(91)11
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 28 FEBRUARY 1991.
(28/02/91) E. F. S.
91-0296 MF. 003.
Spec(91)12
COUNCIL - RESTRICTIONS ON EXPORTS FROM PERU FOLLOWING THE CHOLERA
EPIDEMIC - Statement by the Representative of Peru.
(20/03/91) E. F. S.
91-0375 MF. 008.
Spec(91)13
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of the.
European Communities.
(27/03/91) F. E. S.
91-0411 MF. 005.
Spec(91)14
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY PRODUCTS COUNCIL - TWENTY-FOURTH SESSION -
Draft Report.
(02/04/91) E. F. S.
91-0435 MF. 014.
Spec(91)14/Add.1
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY PRODUCTS COUNCIL - TWENTY-FOURTH SESION -
Draft Report - Addendum.
(29/04/91) E. F. S.
91-0548 MF. 001.
- 2 - Spec(91)15
WORKING PARTY ON THE FREE-TRADE AGREEMENT BETWEEN CANADA AND THE
UNITED STATES - LIST OF REPRESENTATIVES.
(26/03/91) E. F. S.
91-0468 MF. 010.
Spec(91)16
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 MARCH 1991.
(10/04/91) E. F. S.
91-0582 MF. 003.
Spec(91)17
ADMINISTRATIVE AND FINANCIAL QUESTIONS.
(17/04/91) E. F. S.
91-0499 MF. 017.
Spec(91)18
WORKING PARTY ON THE FREE-TRADE AGREEMENT BETWEEN CANADA AND THE
UNITED STATES - MEETING OF 26 AND 27 MARCH 1991 - Note by the
Secretariat.
(28/05/91) E. F. S.
91-0730 MF. 026.
Spec(91)18/Add. 1
WORKING PARTY ON THE FREE-TRADE AGREEMENT BETWEEN CANADA AND THE
UNITED STATES - MEETING OF 26 AND 27 MARCH 1991 - Addendum.
(11/06/91) E. F. S.
91-0809 MF. 012.
Spec(91)19
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING MILK FAT - COMMITTEE OF THE
PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN CHEESES - COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL
REGARDING CERTAIN MILK POWDERS - Report of the Forty-Fifth
Session - 18-19 March 1991.
(29/04/91) E. F. S.
91-0581 MF. 036.
Spec(91) 20
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the delegation of the
European Communities.
(30/04/91) E. F. S.
91-0562 MF. 003.
- 3 - Spec(91)21
OUTLINE OF POINTS FOR STRUCTURED DEBATE ON ENVIRONMENTAL MEASURES
AND TRADE - Note by the Chairman of the CONTRACTING PARTIES.
(29/04/91) E. F. S.
91-0554 MF. 003.
Spec.(91)22
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 30 APRIL 1991.
(01/05/91) E. F. S.
91-0599 MF. 003.
Spec(91)23
MEETING OF THE WORKING GROUP ON DOMESTICALLY PROHIBITED GOODS AND
OTHER HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES - 11 March 1991.
(07/05/91) E. F. S.
91-0615 MF. 001.
Spec(91)24
WORKING PARTY ON PARAGRAPH 4 OF THE PROTOCOL FOR THE ACCESSION OF
SWITZERLAND - Written Questions to the Swiss Representative.
(07/06/91) E. F. S.
91-0798 MF. 009.
Spec(91)25
ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES IN THE SECRETARIAT - Statement by the
Delegation of Chile on Behalf of the Latin American and Caribbean
Contracting Parties.
(05/06/91) S. E. F.
91-0753 MF. 002.
Spec(91)26
COUNCIL - TEXTS SUBMITTED FOR CIRCULATION AS DOCUMENTS -
Communication from the Secretariat.
(31/05/91) E. F. S.
91-0754 MF. 001.
Spec(91)27
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of Austria on
Behalf of the EFTA Countries.
(12/06/91) E. F. S.
91-0823 MF. 008.
- 4 - Spec(91)28
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT Statement by the Delegation of Argentina.
(12/06/91) S. E. F.
91-0824 MF. 005.
Spec(91)29
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by Delegation of Yugoslavia.
(21/06/91) E. F. S.
91-0895 MF. 003.
Spec(91)30
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of Australia.
(01/07/91) E. F. S.
91-0953 MF. 005.
Spec(91)31
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of Tanzania
on behalf of the African Contracting Parties.
(28/06/91) E. F. S.
91-0943 MF. 004.
Spec(91)32
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the delegation of
Switzerland.
(12/06/91) F. E. S.
91-0825 MF. 006.
Spec(91)33
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of Turkey.
(10/07/91) E. F. S.
.91-1016 MF. 003.
Spec(91)34
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of Uruguay.
-(12/06/91) S. E. F.
91-0827 MF. 005.
Spec(91)35
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of Hong Kong.
(05/07/91) E. F. S.
91-0994 MF. 005.
- 5 - Spec(91) 25
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of New
Zealand.
(08/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1002 MF. 005.
Spec(91)37
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT Statement by the Delegation of Mexico.
(12/06/91) S. E. F.
91-0826 MF. 002.
Spec(91)38
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the delegation of Canada.
(02/07/91) E. F. S.
91-0959 MF. 004.
Spec(91)39
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of Peru.
(12/06/91) S. E. F.
91-0831 MF. 005.
Spec(91)40
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of India.
(09/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1013 MF. 007.
Spec(91)41
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of Malaysia,
on behalf of the ASEAN Contracting Parties.
(12/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1041 MF. 006.
Spec(91)42
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of Sweden, on
behalf of the Nordic Countries.
(11/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1031 MF. 005.
Spec(91)43
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of Hungary.
(12/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1037 MF. 003.
- 6 - Spec(91)44
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of the United
States.
(12/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1040 MF. 003.
Spec(91)45
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of Colombia.
(17/06/91) S. E. F.
91-0853 MF. 002.
Spec(91)46
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of Cameroon.
(14/06/91) F. E. S.
91-0837 MF. 002.
Spec(91)47
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of Pakistan.
(16/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1067 MF. 003.
Spec(91)48
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of Cuba.
(1.7/06/91) S. E. F.
91-0854 MF. 002.
Spec(91)49
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of the Czech
and Slovak Federal Republic.
(03/07/91) E. F. S.
91-0968 MF. 002.
Spec(91)50
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of Venezuela.
(14/06/91) S. E. F.
91-0838 MF. 003.
Spec(91)51
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of Brazil.
(15/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1062 MF. 003.
- 7 - Spec(91)52
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of Israel.
(15/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1063 MF. 002.
Spec(91)53
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of Nigeria.
(18/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1081 MF. 003.
Spec(91)54
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT Statement by the Delegation of Japan.
(17/06/91) E. F. S.
91-0855 MF. 002.
Spec(91)55
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of Zaire.
(14/06/91) F. E. S.
91-0841 MF. 002.
Spec(91)56
TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT - Statement by the Delegation of Bolivia.
(17/06/91) S. E. F.
91-0862 MF. 002.
Spec(91)57
WORKING PARTY ON ACCESSION OF PARAGUAY - LIST OF REPRESENTATIVES.
(08/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1086 MF. 007.
Spec(91)58
WORKING PARTY ON GERMAN UNIFICATION - TRANSITIONAL MEASURES
ADOPTED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES - LIST OF REPRESENTATIVES.
(06/06/91) E. F. S.
91-0782 MF. 010.
Spec(91)59
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 MAY 1991.
(10/06/91) E. F. S.
91-0808 MF. 002.
- 8 - Spec(91)60
MEETING OF THE WORKING GROUP ON EXPORT OF DOMESTICALLY PROHIBITED
GOODS AND OTHER HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES - 16 May 1991.
(05/07/91) E. F. S.
91-0989 MF. 004.
Spec(91)61
WORKING PARTY ON THE FREE-TRADE AGREEMENT BETWEEN CANADA AND THE
UNITED STATES - MEETING OF 11 JUNE 1991 - Note by the
Secretariat.
(12/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1035 MF. 009.
Spec(91)61/Corr.1
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCORD DE LIBRE-ECHANGE ENTRE LE CANADA ET
LES ETATS-UNIS - REUNION DU 11 JUIN 1991 - Corrigendum.
(22/07/91) F.
91-1095 MF. 001.
Spec(91)62
MEETING OF WORKING GROUP ON EXPORT OF DOMESTICALLY PROHIBITED
GOODS AND OTHER HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES - Meeting of 14 June 1991.
(09/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1012 MF. 002.
Spec(91)63
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN MILK POWDERS -
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING MILK FAT - COMMITTEE OF THE
PRTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN CHEESES - Report of the Forty-Sixth
Session - 17-18 June 1991.
(12/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1044 MF. 046.
Spec(91)64
INTERNATIONAL MEAT COUNCIL - Twenty-Fourth Meeting - Draft
Report.
(08/07/91) E. F. S.
91-0999 MF. 010.
Spec(91)65
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 30 JUNE 1991.
(02/07/91) E. F. S.
91-0979 MF. 002.
- 9 - Spec(91)66
WORKING PARTY ON PARAGRAPH 4 OF THE PROTOCOL FOR THE ACCESSION OF
SWITZERLAND - Additional Information from Switzerland.
(11/07/91) F. E. S.
91-1033 MF.
002.
Spec(91)67
STATUS OF WORK IN PANELS AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PANEL REPORTS -
Statement by the Director-General introducing his report in the
documents C/178 and C/178/Corr.1.
(19/07/91)
91-1092 MF.
E. F. S.
003.
Spec(91)68
COMMITTEE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT - DRAFT NOTE ON PROCEEDINGS OF
THE SEVENTIETH SESSION - Prepared by the Secretariat.
(31/07/91)
91-1128 MF.
E. F. S.
030.
Spec(91)69
WORKING PARTY
SWITZERLAND -
(24/07/91)
91-1115 MF.
ON PARAGRAPH 4 OF THE PROTOCOL FOR THE ACCESSION OF
Replies by Switzerland to Written Questions.
F. E. S.
020.
Spec(91)70
WORKING PARTY
POLAND (10-11
(10/07/91)
91-1089 MF.
ON THE RENEGOTIATION OF THE TERMS OF ACCESSION
JULY 1991) - LIST OF REPRESENTATIVES.
E. F. S.
007.
Spec(91)71
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 11 JULY 1991.
(17/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1085 MF. 003.
Spec(91)72
WORKING PARTY ON ACCESSION OF BULGARIA - LIST OF REPRESENTATIVES.
(15/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1116 MF. 008.
Spec(91)73
AIRGRAMS CONVENING COUNCIL MEETINGS - Note by the Secretariat.
(02/08/91) E. F. S.
91-1131 MF. 001.
- 10 -
OF Spec(91)74
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 JULY 1991.
(08/08/91) E. F. S.
91-1165 MF. 003.
Spec(91)75
WORKING PARTY ON PARAGRAPH 4 OF THE PROTOCOL FOR THE ACCESSION OF
SWITZERLAND - Supplementary Questions to the Representative of
Switzerland.
(17/09/91) E. F. S.
91-1251 MF. 007.
Spec(91)76
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 AUGUST 1991.
(03/09/91) E. F. S.
91-1230 MF. 003.
Spec(91)77
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY PRODUCTS COUNCIL TWENTY-FIFTH SESSION -
Draft Report.
(02/10/91) E. F. S.
91-1354 MF. 013.
Spec(91)78
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 30 SEPTEMBER 1991.
(01/10/91) E. F. S.
91-1372 MF. 003.
Spec(91)79
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN CHEESES - COMMITTEE
OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN MILK POWDERS - COMMITTEE OF THE
PROTOCOL REGARDING MILK FAT - Draft Report of the Forty-Seventh
Session - 16-17 September 1991.
(14/10/91) E. F. S.
91-1425 MF. 040.
Spec(91)80
ADMINISTRATIVE AND FINANCIAL QUESTIONS - Recommendation by the
Director-General with respect to the Uncovered Balance as at 31
December 1990.
(08/10/91) E. F. S.
91-1371 MF. 001.
- 11 - Spec(91)81
WORKING PARTY ON THE FREE-TRADE AGREEMENT BETWEEN CANADA AND THE
UNITED STATES DRAFT REPORT.
(21/10/91) E. F. S.
91-1481 MF. 048.
Spec(91)82
SUB-COMMITTEE ON TRADE OF LEAST-DEVELOPED COUNTRIES - DRAFT NOTE
ON PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRTEENTH MEETING - Prepared by the
Secretariat.
(21/10/91) E. F. S.
91-1474 MF. 004.
Spec(91)83
DRAFT REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT TO THE
CONTRACTING PARTIES.
(28/10/91) E. F. S.
91-1537 MF. 010.
Spec(91)84
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 OCTOBER 1991.
(04/11/91) E. F. S.
91-1568 MF. 002.
Spec(91)85
COMMUNICATION FROM THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES TO THE GATT WORKING
PARTY ON GERMAN UNIFICATION - Second Questionnaire (Replies to
Questionnaires from Participants in the Working Party).
(22/11/91) E. F. S.
91-1670 MF. 022.
Spec(.91)86
WORKING PARTY ON GERMAN UNIFICATION - TRANSITIONAL MFASURES
ADOPTED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES - COMMUNICATION FROM THE
EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES (Text of Report to Parliament and the
Council on the Application of Transitional Tariff Measures as a
Result of German Unification).
(22/11/91) E. F. S.
91-1671 MF. 031.
Spec(91)88
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 30 NOVEMBER 1991.
(05/12/91) E. F. S.
91-1767 MF. 002.
- 12 - SPEC(91)
Spec(91)1
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 DECEMBRE 1990.
(11/01/91) E. F. S.
91-0074 MF. 002.
Spec(91)2
QUESTIONS ADMINISTRATIVES ET FINANCIERES - Activités des organes
du système commun en 1990 - Note du secrétariat.
(25/01/91) E. F. S.
91-0105. 003.
Spec(91)3
REUNION DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'EXPORTATION DE PRODUITS
INTERDITS SUR LE MARCHE INTERIEUR ET D'AUTRES SUBSTANCES
DANGEREUSES - 29-30 octobre 1990.
(25/01/91) E. F. S.
91-0100. 004.
Spec(91)4
REUNION DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'EXPORTATION DE PRODUITS
INTERDITS SUR LE MARCHE INTERIEUR ET D'AUTRES SUBSTANCES
DANGEREUSES - 12 novembre 1990.
(25/01/91) E. F. S.
91-0101. 003.
Spec(91)5
QUESTIONS ADMINISTRATIVES ET FINANCIERES - Renouvellement des
contrats des personnes engagées pour 1'Uruguay Round - Note du
secretariat.
(06/02/91) E. F. S.
91-0169 MF. 001.
Spec(91)6
QUESTIONS ADMINISTRATIVES ET FINANCIERES - Report de la date de
présentation du budget final pour 1991 - Note du secrétariat.
(06/02/91) E. F. S.
91-0170 MF. 001.
- 1 -
- .-
- - - -1 -- - -- - - -- -- -9- 11? Ik ?& -Pl -k A Spec(91)7
CANADA - IMPORTATION, DISTRIBUTION ET VENTE DE CERTAINES BOISSONS
ALCOOLIQUES PAR LES ORGANISMES PROVINCIAUX DE COMMERCIALISATION -
RECOURS A L'ARTICLE XXIII:2 PAR LES ETATS-UNIS (DS17/2) -
Communication des Etats-Unis.
(11/02/91) E. F. S.
91-0204 MF. 002.
Spec(91)8
CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DE LA VIANDE - Vingt-troisième réunion
Rapport - Projet.
(20/02/91) E. F. S.
91-0229 MF. 016.
Spec(91)9
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 JANVIER 1991.
(07/02/91) E. F. S.
91-0219 MF. 003.
Spec(91)10
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'UNIFICATION DE L'ALLEMAGNE - MESURES
TRANSITOIRES ADOPTEES PAR LES COMMUNAUTES EUROPEENNES -
COMMUNICATION DES COMMUNAUTES EUROPEENNES (Réponses aux questions
posées par des membres du Groupe de travail).
(17/05/91) E. F. S.
91-0677 MF. 038.
Spec(91)11
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 28 FEVRIER 1991.
(28/02/91) E. F. S.
91-0296 MF. 003.
Spec(91) 12
CONSEIL - RESTRICTIONS APPLIQUEES AUX EXPORTATIONS EN PROVENANCE
DU PEROU EN RAISON DE L'EPIDEMIE DE CHOLERA - Déclaration du
représentant du Pérou.
(20/03/91) E. F. S.
91-0375 MF. 008.
Spec(91)13
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de la délégation des
Communautés européennes.
(27/03/91) F. E. S.
91-0411 MF. 005.
- 2 - Spec(91)14
CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DES PRODUITS LAITIERS - VINGT-QUATRIEME
SESSION - Projet de rapport.
(02/04/91) E. F. S.
91-0435 MF. 016.
Spec(91)14/Add. 1
CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DES PRODUITS LAITIERS - VINGT-QUATRIEME
SESSION - Projet de rapport - Addendum.
(29/04/91) E. F. S.
91-0548 MF. 001.
Spec(91)15
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCORD DE LIBRE-ECHANGE ENTRE LE CANADA ET
LES ETATS-UNIS - LISTE DES REPRESENTANTS.
(26/03/91) E. F. S.
91-0468 MF. 010.
Spec(91.)16
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 MARS 1991.
(10/04/91) E. F. S.
91-0582 MF. 003.
Spec(91)17
QUESTIONS ADMINISTRATIVES ET FINANCIERES.
(17/04/91) E. F. S.
91-0499 MF. 018.
Spec(91)18
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCORD DE LIBRE-ECHANGE ENTRE LE CANADA ET
LES ETATS-UNIS - REUNION DES 26 ET 27 MARS 1991 - Note du
secrétariat.
(28/05/91) E. F. S.
91-0730 MF. 029.
Spec(91)18/Add. 1
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCORD DE LIBRE-ECHANGE ENTRE LE CANADA ET
LES ETATS-UNIS - REUNION DES 26 ET 27 MARS 1991 - Addendum.
(11/06/91) E. F. S.
91-0809 MF. 014.
Spec(91)19
COMITE DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT LES MATIERES GRASSES LAITIERES -
COMITE DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINS FROMAGES - COMITE DU
PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINES POUDRES DE LAIT - Rapport de la
quarante-cinquième session - 18 et 19 mars 1991.
(29/04/91) E. F. S.
91-0581 MF. 041.
- 3 - Spec(91)20
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de la délégation des
Communautés européennes.
(30/04/91) E. F. S.
91-0562 MF. 003.
Spec(91)21
ELEMENTS POUR LE DEBAT STRUCTURE SUR LES MESURES CONCERNANT
L'ENVIRONNEMENT ET LE COMMERCE - Note du Président des PARTIES
CONTRACTANTES.
(29/04/91) E. F. S.
91-0554 MF. 003.
Spec(91)22
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 30 AVRIL 1991.
(01/05/91) E. F. S.
91-0599 MF. 003.
Spec(91)23
REUNION DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'EXPORTATION DE PRODUITS
INTERDITS SUR LE MARCHE INTERIEUR ET D'AUTRES SUBSTANCES
DANGEREUSES - 11 mars 1991.
(07/05/91) E. F. S.
91-0615 MF. 001.
Spec(91)24
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DU PARAGRAPHE 4 DU PROTOCOLE D'ACCESSION DE LA
SUISSE - Questions posées par écrit au représentant de la Suisse.
(07/06/91) E. F. S.
91-0798 MF. 010.
Spec(91)25
CHANGEMENTS APPORTES A L'ORGANISATION DU SECRETARIAT -
Déclaration de la délégation du Chili au nom des parties
contractantes d'Amérique latine et des Caraïbes.
(05/06/91) S. E. F.
91-0753 MF. 003.
Spec(91)26
CONSEIL - TEXTES PRESENTES POUR DISTRIBUTION SOUS FORME DE
DOCUMENTS - Communication du secrétariat.
(31/05/91) E. F. S.
91-0754 MF. 001.
- 4 - Spec(91)27
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration faite par la délégation
de l'Autriche au nom des pays membres de 1'AELE.
(12/06/91) E. F. S.
91-0823 MF. 009.
Spec(91)28
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de la délégation de
l'Argentine.
(12/06/91) S. E. F.
91-0824 MF. 006.
Spec( 91)29
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de la délégation de la
Yougoslavie.
(21/06/91) E. F. S.
91-0895 MF. 003.
Spec(91)30
COMMERCE ET- ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de la délégation
australienne.
(01/07/91) E. F. S.
91-0953 MF. 005,
Spec(91)31
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration faite par la délégation
de la Tanzanie-au nom des parties contractantes africaines.
(28/06/91) E. F. S.
910943 MF. 004.
Spec(91)32
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT -'Déclaration de la délégation de la
Suisse.
(12/06/91) F. E. S.
91-0825 MF. 006.
Spec(91)33
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT Déclaration de la délégation de la
Turquie.
(10/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1016 MF. 003.
- 5 - Spec(91)34
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de la délégation de
l'Uruguay.
(12/06/91) S. E. F.
91-0827 MF. 005.
Spec(91)35
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de la délégation de Hong
Kong.
(05/07/91) E. F. S.
91-0994 MF. 006.
Spec(91)36
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT Déclaration de la délégation de la
Nouvelle-Zélande.
(08/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1002 MF. 006.
Spec(91)37
COMMERCE ET
Mexique.
(12/06/91)
91-0826 MF.
ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de la délégation du
S. E. F.
002.
Spec(91)38
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de la délégation du
Canada.
(02/07/91) E. F. S.
91-0959 MF. 005.
Spec(91)39
COMMERCE ET
Pérou.
(12/06/91)
91-0831 MF.
ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de la délégation du
S. E. F.
006.
Spec(91)40
COMMERCE ET
l'Inde.
(09/07/91)
91-1013 MF.
ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de la délégation de
E. F. S.
007.
- 6 - Spec(91)41
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de la délégation de la
Malaisie, au nom des parties contractantes de l'ANASE.
(12/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1041 MF. 006.
Spec(91)42
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de la délégation de la
Suède, au nom des pays nordiques.
(11/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1031 MF. 006.
Spec(91)43
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT Déclaration de la délégation de la
Hongrie.
(12/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1037 MF. 003.
Spec(91)44
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de la délégation des
Etats-Unis.
(12/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1040 MF. 004.
Spec(91)45
COMMERCE INTERNATIONAL ET ENVIRONMENT - Déclaration de la
délégation de Colombie.
(17/06/91) S. E. F.
91-0853 MF. 002.
Spec(91)46
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de la délégation du
Cameroun.
(14/06/91) F. E. S.
91-0837 MF. 003.
Spec(91)47
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de la délégation du
Pakistan.
(16/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1067 MF. 003.
- 7 - Spec(91)48
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de la délégation de Cuba.
(17/06/91)
91-0854 MF.
S. E. F.
002.
Spec(91)49
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de la délégation de la
République fédérative tchèque et slovaque.
(03/07/91) E. F. S.
91-0968 MF. 002.
Spec(91)50
COMMERCE ET
Venezuela.
(14/06/91)
91-0838 MF.
ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de-la délégation du
S. E. F.
004.
Spec(91)51
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de la délégation du
Brésil.
(15/07/91)
91-1062 MF.
E. F. S.
003.
Spec(91)52
COMMERCE ET
d'Israël.
(15/07/91)
91-1063 MF.
ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de la délégation
E. F. S.
002.
Spec(91)53
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de la délégation du
Nigéria.
(18/07/91)
91-1081 MF.
E. F. S.
003.
Spec(91)54
COMMERCE ET
Japon.
(17/06/91)
91-0855 MF.
ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de la délégation du
E. F. S.
002.
- 8 - Spec(91)55
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT - Déclaration de la délégation du
Zaïre.
(14/06/91) F. E. S.
91-0841 MF. 002.
Spec (91)56
COMMERCE ET ENVIRONNEMENT Déclaration de la délégation de la
Bolivie.
(17/06/91) S. E. F.
910862 MF. 002.
Spec(91)57
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU PARAGUAY - LISTE DES
REPRESENTANTS.
(08/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1086 MF. 007.
Spec(91)58
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'UNIFICATION DE L'ALLEMAGNE - MESURES
TRANSITOIRES ADOPTEES PAR LES COMMUNAUTES EUROPEENNES - LISTE DES
REPRESENTANTS.
(06/06/91) E. F. S.
91-0782 MF. 010.
Spec(91)59
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 MAI 1991.
(10/06/91) E. F. S.
91-0808 MF. 002.
Spec(91)60
REUNION DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'EXPORTATION DE PRODUITS
INTERDITS SUR LE MARCHE INTERIEUR ET D'AUTRES SUBSTANCES
DANGEREUSES - 16 mai 1991.
(05/07/91) E. F. S.
91-0989 MF. 005.
Spec(91)61
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCORD DE LIBRE-ECHANGE ENTRE LE CANADA ET
LES ETATS-UNIS - REUNION DU 11 JUIN 1991 - Note du secrétariat.
(12/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1035 MF. 010.
- 9 - Spec(91)61/Corr. 1
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCORD DE LIBRE-ECHANGE ENTRE LE CANADA ET
LES ETATS-UNIS - REUNION DU 11 JUIN 1991 - Corrigendum.
(22/07/91) F.
91-1095 MF. 001.
Spec(91 )62
REUNION DE TRAVAIL DE L'EXPORTATION DE PRODUITS INTERDITS SUR LE
MARCHE INTERIEUR ET D'AUTRES SUBSTANCES DANGEREUSES - Réunion du
14 juin 1991.
(09/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1012 MF. 002.
Spec(31)63
COMITE DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINES POUDRES DE LAIT - COMITE
DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT LES MATIERES GRASSES LAITIERES - COMITE
DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINS FROMAGES - Rapport de la
quarante-sixième session - 17 et 18 juin 1991.
(12/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1044 MF. 052.
Spec(91)64
CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DE LA VIANDE - Vingt-quatrième réunion -
Projet de rapport.
(08/07/91) E. F. S.
91-0999 MF. 011.
Spec(91)65
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 30 JUIN 1991.
(02/07/91) E. F. S.
91-0979 MF. 002.
Spec(91)66
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'EXAMEN DU PARAGRAPHE 4 DU PROTOCOLE
D'ACCESSION DE LA SUISSE - Renseignements additionnels
communiqués par la Suisse.
(11/07/91) F. E. S.
91-1033 MF. 002.
Spec(91)67
ETAT DES TRAVAUX DES GROUPES SPECIAUX ET MISE EN OEUVRE DE LEURS
RAPPORTS - Déclaration faite par le Directeur général pour
présenter son rapport (C/178 et Corr.1).
(19/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1092 MF. 004.
- 10 - Spec(91)68
COMITE DU COMMERCE ET DU DEVELOPPEMENT - NOTE SUR LA SOIXANTE-
DIXIEME SESSION - Projet établi par le secrétariat.
(31/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1128 MF. 032.
Spec(91)69
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DU PARAGRAPHE 4 DU PROTOCOLE D'ACCESSION DE LA
SUISSE - Réponses de la Suisse aux questions posées par écrit.
(24/07/91) F. E. S.
91-1115 MF. 022.
Spec(91)70
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE LA RENEGOCIATION DES CONDITIONS D'ACCESSION
DE LA POLOGNE (10-11 JUILLET 1991) - LISTE DES REPRESENTANTS.
(10/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1089 MF. 007.
Spec(91.)71
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 11 JUILLET 1991.
(17/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1085 MF. 003.
Spec(91)72
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE LA BULGARIE - LISTE DES
REPRESENTANTS.
(15/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1116 MF. 008.
Spec(91)73
AEROGRAMMES DE CONVOCATION DES REUNIONS DU CONSEIL - Note du
secrétariat.
(02/08/91) E. F. S.
91-1131 MF. 001.
Spec(91)74
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 JUILLET 1991.
(08/08/91) E. F. S.
91-1165 MF. 003.
Spec(91)75
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DU PARAGRAPHE 4 DU PROTOCOLE D'ACCESSION DE LA
SUISSE - Questions supplémentaires posées au représentant de la
Suisse.
(17/09/91) E. F. S.
91-1251 MF. 008.
- 11 - Spec(91)76
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 AOUT 1991.
(03/09/91) E. F. S.
91-1230 MF. 003.
Spec(91)77
CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DES PRODUITS LAITIERS - VINGT-CINQUIEME
SESSION - Projet de rapport.
(02/10/91) E. F. S.
91-1354 MF. 015.
Spec(91)78
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 30 SEPTEMBRE 1991.
(01/10/91) E. F. S.
91-1372 MF. 003.
Spec(91)79
CONITE DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINS FROMAGES - COMITE DU
PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINES POUDRES DE LAIT - COMITE DU
PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT LES MATIERES GRASSES LAITIERES - Projet -
Rapport de la quarante-septième session - 16 et 17 septembre
1991.
(14/10/91) E. F. S.
91-1425 MF. 045.
Spec(91)80
QUESTIONS ADMINISTRATIVES ET FINANCIERES - Recommendation du
Directeur général concernant le solde non couvert au 31 décembre
1990.
(08/10/91) E. F. S.
91-1371 MF. 001.
Spec(91)81
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCORD DE LIBRE-ECHANGE ENTRE LE CANADA ET
LES ETATS-UNIS PROJET DE RAPPORT.
(21/10/91) E. F. S.
91-1481 MF. 053.
Spec(91)82
SOUS-COMITE DU COMMERCE DES PAYS LES MOINS AVANCES - PROJET DE
COMPTE RENDU DE LA TREIZIEME REUNION - établi par le secrétariat.
(21/10/91) E. F. S.
91-1474 MF. 004.
- 12 - Spec(91)83
RAPPORT DU COMITE DU COMMERCE ET DU DEVELOPPEMENT AUX PARTIES
CONTRACTANTES - Projet.
(28/10/91) E. F. S.
91-1537 MF. 010.
Spec(91)84
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 OCTOBRE 1991.
(04/11/91) E. F. S.
91-1568 MF. 002.
Spec(91)85
COMMUNICATION DES COMMUNAUTES EUROPEENNES AU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE
L'UNIFICATION DE L'ALLEMAGNE - Deuxième questionnaire (Réponses
aux questions posées par des membres du Groupe de travail).
(22/11/91) E. F. S.
91-1670 MF. 024.
Spec(91)86
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'UNIFICATION DE L'ALLEMAGNE - MESURES
TRANSITOIRES ADOPTEES PAR LES COMMUNAUTES EUROPEENNES -
COMMUNICATION DES COMMUNAUTES EUROPEENNES (Texte du rapport au
Parlement européen et au Conseil sur l'application des mesures
tarifaires transitoires au titre de l'unification allemande).
(22/11/91) E. F. S.
91-1671 MF. 031.
Spec(91)88
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 30 NOVEMBRE 1991.
(05/12/91) E. F. S.
91-1767 MF. 002.
- 13 - SPEC(91)
Spec(91)1
CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE DICIEMBRE DE 1990.
(11/01/91) E. F. S.
91-0074 MF. 002.
Spec(91)2
CUESTIONES ADMINISTRATIVAS Y FINANCIERAS - Actividades de los
órganos del sistema comùn en 1990 - Nota de la Secretaria.
(25/01/91) E. F. S.
91-0105. 003.
Spec(91)3
REUNION DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LAS MERCANCIAS CUYA VENTA ESTA
PROHIBIDA EN EL PAIS ORIGEN Y OTRAS SUSTANCIAS PELIGROSAS - 29 y
30 de octubre de 1990.
(25/01/91) E. F. S.
91-0100. 004.
Spec(91)4
REUNION DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LAS MERCANCIAS CUYA VENTA ESTA
PROHIBIDA EN EL PAIS DE ORIGEN Y OTRAS SUSTANCIAS PELIGROSAS - 12
de noviembre de 1990.
(25/01/91) E. F. S.
91-0101. 003.
Spec(91)5
CUESTIONES ADMINISTRATIVAS Y FINANCIERAS Prórroga de los
contratos del personal empleado para la Ronda Uruguay - Nota de
la Secretaria.
(06/02/91) E. F. S.
91-0169 MF. 001.
Spec(91)6
CUESTIONES ADMINISTRATIVAS Y FINANCIERAS - Prórroga del plazo
para la presentación del Presupuesto definitivo para 1991 - Nota
de la Secretaria.
(06/02/91) E. F. S.
91-0170 MF. 001.
- 1 -
- ---------- ------------------------------ Spec(91)7
CANADA - IMPORTACION, DISTRIBUCION Y VENTA DE DETERMINADAS
BEBIDAS ALCOHOLICAS POR ORGANISMOS PROVINCIALES DE
COMERCIALIZACION - RECURSO DE LOS ESTADOS UNIDOS AL PARRAFO 2 DEL
ARTICUTLO XXIII (DS17/2) - Comunicación de los Estados Unidos.
(11/02/91) E. F. S.
91-0204 MF. 002.
Spec(91)8
CONSEJO INTERNACIONAL DE LA CARNE Vigésima tercera reunión -
Proyecto - Informe.
(20/02/91) E. F. S.
91-0229 MF. 016.
Spec(91)9
CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE ENERO DE 1991.
(07/02/91) E. F. S.
91-0219 MF. 003.
Spec(91)10
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA UNIFICACION DE ALEMANIA - MEDIDAS DE
TRANSICION ADOPTADAS POR LAS COMUNIDADES EUROPEAS - COMUNICACION
DE LAS COMUNIDADES EUROPEAS (Respuestas a los cuestionarios de
los participantes en el Grupo de Trabajo).
(17/05/91) E. F. S.
91-0677 MF. 039.
Spec(91)11
CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 28 DE FEBRERO DE 1991.
(28/02/91) E. F. S.
91-0296 MF. 003.
Spec(91)12
CONSEJO - RESTRICCIONES APLICADAS A LAS EXPORTACIONES DEL PERU A
RAIZ DE LA EPIDEMIA DE COLERA - Declaración del Representante del
Perú.
(20/03/91) E. F. S.
91-0375 MF. 008.
Spec(91)13
COMERCIO Y DESARROLLO - Declaración de la delegación de las
Comunidades Europeas.
(27/03/91) F. E. S.
91-0411 MF. 006.
- 2 - Spec(91)14
CONSEJO INTERNACIONAL DE PRODUCTOS LACTEOS - VIGESIMA CUARTA
REUNION - Proyecto - Informe.
(02/04/91) E. F. S.
91-0435 MF. 017.
Spec(91)14/Add. 1
CONSEJO INTERNACIONAL DE PRODUCTOS LACTEOS - VIGESIMO CUARTA
REUNION - Proyecto de informe - Addendum.
(29/04/91) E. F. S.
91-0548 MF. 001.
Spec(91)15
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE EL ACUERDO DE LIBRE COMERCIO ENTRE EL
CANADA Y LOS ESTADOS UNIDOS - LISTA DE REPRESENTANTES.
(26/03/91) E. F. S.
91-0468 MF. 010.
Spec(91) 16
CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE MARZO DE 1991.
(10/04/91) E. F. S.
91-05&2 MF. 003.
Spec(91)17
CUESTIONES ADMINISTRATIVAS Y FINANCIERAS.
(17/04/91) E. F. S.
91-0499 MF. 018.
Spec(91)18
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DEL ACUERDO DE LIBRE COMERCIO ENTRE EL CANADA Y
LOS ESTADOS UNIDOS - REUNION DE LOS DIAS 26 Y 27 DE MARZO DE
1991.
(28/05/91) E. F. S.
91-0730 MF. 030.
Spec(91)18/Add. 1
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DEL ACUERDO DE LIBRE COMERCIO ENTRE EL CANADA Y
LOS ESTADOS UNIDOS - REUNION DE LOS DIAS 26 Y 27 DE MARZO DE 1991.
- Addendum.
(11/06/91) E . F. S.
91-0809 MF. 014.
- 3 - Spec(91) 19
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A LAS MATERIAS GRASAS LACTEAS -
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS QUESOS - COMITE DEL
PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS TIPOS DE LECHE EN POLVO -
informe de la cuadragésima quinta reunión - 18 y 19 de marzo de
1991.
(29/04/91) E. F. S.
91-0581 MF 044.
Spec(91)20
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE Declaración de la delegación de las
Comunidades Europeas.
(30/04/91) E. F. S.
91-0562 MF. 003.
Spec(91)21
ESQUEMA DE PUNTOS PARA UN DEBATE ESTRUCTURADO SOBRE LAS MEDIDAS
AMBIENTALES Y EL COMERCIO - Nota del Presidente de las PARTES
CONTRATANTES.
(29/04/91) E. F. S.
91-0554 MF. 003.
Spec(91)22
CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 30 DE ABRIL DE 1991.
(01/05/91) E. F. S.
91-0599 MF. 003.
Spec(91)23
REUNION DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LAS MERCANCIAS CUYA VENTA ESTA
PROHIBIDA EN EL PAIS DE ORIGEN Y OTRAS SUSTANCIAS PELIGROSAS - 11
de marzo de 1991.
(07/05/91) E. F. S.
91-0615 MF. 001.
Spec(91)24
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DEL PARRAFO 4 DEL PROTOCOLO DE ADHESION DE SUIZA
- Preguntas formuladas por escrito al representante de Suiza.
(07/06/91) E. F. S.
91-0798 MF. 010.
Spec(91)25
REORGANIZACION DE LA SECRETARIA - Declaración formulada por la
Delegación de Chile en nombre de las Partes Contratantes
Latinoamericanas y del Caribe.
(05/06/91) S. E. F.
91-0753 MF. 003.
- 4 - Spec(91)26
CONSEJO - TEXTOS PRESENTADOS PARA SU DISTRIBUCION COMO DOCUMENTOS
- Comunicado de la Secretaria.
(31/05/91) E. F. S.
91-0754 MF. 001.
Spec(91)27
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración formulada por la
delegación de Austria en nombre de los paises miembros de la
AELC.
(12/06/91) E. F. S.
91-0823 MF. 009.
Spec(91)28
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación de la
Argentina.
(12/06/91) S. E. F.
91-0824 MF. 006.
Spec(91)29
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación de
Yugos lavia.
(21/06/91) E. F. S.
91-0895 MF. 003.
Spec(91)30
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación de
Australia.
(01/07/91) E. F. S.
91-0953 MF. 005.
Spec(91)31
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración formulada por la
delegación de Tanzania en nombre de las partes contratantes de
Africa.
(28/06/91) E. F. S.
91-0943 MF. 004.
Spec(91)32
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación de
Suiza.
(12/06/91) F. E. S.
91-0825 MF. 007.
- 5 - Spec(91)33
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación de
Turquía.
(10/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1016 MF. 003.
Spec(91)34
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación del
Uruguay.
(12/06/91) S. E . F.
91-0827 MF. 005.
Spec(91)35
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación de Hong
Kong.
(05/07/91) E. F. S.
91-0994 MF. 006.
Spec(91)36
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación de Nueva
Zelandia.
(08/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1002 MF. 006.
Spec(91)37
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación de
México.
(12/06/91) S. E. F.
91-0826 MF. 002.
Spec(91)38
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación del
Canadá.
(02/07/91) E. F. S.
91-0959 MF. 005.
Spec(91)39
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación del.
Perú.
(12/06/91) S. E. F.
91-0831 MF. 006.
- 6 - Spec(91)40
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación de la
India.
(09/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1013 MF. 007.
Spec(91)41
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración formulada por la
delegación de Malasia en nombre de las partes contratantes
miembros de la ASEAN.
(12/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1041 MF. 007.
Spec(91)42
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración formulada por la
delegación de Suecia en nombre de los Países Nórdicos.
(11/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1031 MF. 006.
Spec(91)43
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación de
-Hungria.
(12/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1037 MF. 003.
Spec(91)44
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación de los
Estados Unidos.
(12/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1040 MF. 003.
Spec(91)45
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE Declaración de la delegación de
Colombia.
(17/06/91) S. E. F.
91-0853 MF. 002.
Spec(91)46
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación del
Camerún.
(14/06/91) F. E. S.
91-0837 MF. 003.
-7- Spec(91)47
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación del
Pakistán.
(16/07/91)
91-1067 MF.
E. F. S.
003.
Spec(91)48
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación de Cuba.
( 17/06/91)
91-0854 MF.
S. E. F.
002.
Spec(91)49
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación de la
República Federal Checa y Eslovaca.
(03/07/91) E. F. S.
91-0968 MF. 002.
Spec(91)50
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación de
Venezuela.
(14/06/91)
91-0838 MF.
S. E. F.
004.
Spec(91)51
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación de
Brasil.
(15/07/91)
91-1062 MF.
E. F. S.
003.
Spec(91)52
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación de
Israel.
(15/07/91)
91-1063 MF.
E. F. S.
002.
Spec(91)53
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación de
Nigeria.
(18/07/91)
91-1081 MF.
E. F. S.
003.
- 8- Spec(91)54
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación del
Japón.
(17/06/91) E. F. S.
91-0855 MF. 002.
Spec(91)55
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación del
Zaire.
(14/06/91) F. E. S.
91-0841 MF. 002.
Spec(91)56
COMERCIO Y MEDIO AMBIENTE - Declaración de la delegación de
Bolivia.
(17/06/91) S. E. F.
91-0862 MF. 002.
Spec(91)57
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA ADHESION DE PARAGUAY - LISTA DE
REPRESENTANTES.
(08/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1086 MF. 007.
Spec(91)58
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA UNIFICACION DE ALEMANIA - MEDIDAS
TRANSITORIAS ADOPTADAS POR LAS COMUNIDADES EUROPEAS - LISTA DE
REPRESENTANTES.
(06/06/91) E. F. S.
91-0782 MF. 010.
Spec(91)59
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE MAYO DE 1991.
(10/06/91) E. F. S.
91-0808 MF. 002.
Spec(91)60
REUNION DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA EXPORTACION DE MERCANCIAS
CUYA VENTA ESTA PROHIBIDA EN EL PAIS DE ORIGEN Y OTRAS SUSTANCIAS
PELIGROSAS - 16 de mayo de 1991.
(05/07/91) E. F. S.
91-0989 MF. 005.
- 9 - Spec(91)61
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DEL ACUERDO DE LIBRE COMERCIO ENTRE EL CANADA Y
LOS ESTADOS UNIDOS - REUNION DEL 11 DE JUNIO DE 1991 - Nota de la
Secretaria.
(12/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1035 MF. 011.
Spec(91)61/Corr. 1
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCORD DE LIBRE-ECHANGE ENTRE LE CANADA ET
LES ETATS-UNIS - REUNION DU 11 JUIN 1991 Corrigendum.
(22/07/91) F.
91-1095 MF. 001.
Spec(91)62
REUNION DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO PARA LA EXPORTACION DE MERCANCIAS
CUYA VENTA ESTA PROHIBIDA EN EL PAIS DE ORIGEN Y OTRAS SUSTANCIAS
PELIGROSAS - Reunión del 14 de junio de 1991.
(09/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1012 MF. 002.
Spec(91)63
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS TIPOS DE LECHE EN
POLVO - COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A LAS MATERIAS GRASAS
LACTEAS - COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS QUESOS -
Informe de la cuadregésima sexta reunión - 17 y 18 de junio de
1991.
( 12/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1044 MF. 055.
Spec(91)64
CONSEJO INTERNACIONAL DE LA CARNE - Vigésima cuarta reunión -
Proyecto - Informe.
(08/07/91) E. F. S.
91-0999 MF. 011.
Spec(91)65
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 30 DE JUNIO DE 1991.
(02/07/91) E. F. S.
91-0979 MF. 002.
Spec(91)66
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DEL PARRAFO 4 DEL PROTOCOLO DE ADHESION DE SUIZA
- Información complementaria proporcionada por Suiza.
(11/07/91) F. E. S.
91-1033 MF. 002.
- 10 - Spec(91)67
SITUACION DE LOS TRABAJOS EN LOS GRUPOS ESPECIALES Y APLICACION
DE LOS INFORMES DE ESTOS GRUPOS - Declaración introductoria del
Director General sobre su informe, recogido en los documents
C/178 y C/178/Corr.1.
(19/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1092 MF. 004.
Spec(91)68
COMITE DE COMERCIO Y DESARROLLO - PROYECTO - NOTA SOBRE LAS
DELIBERACIONES DE LA SEPTUAGESIMA REUNION - Preparada por la
Secretaria.
(31/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1128 MF. 033.
Spec(91)69
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DEL PARRAFO 4 DEL PROTOCOLO DE ADHESION DE SUIZA
- Respuesta de Suiza a las preguntas formuladas por escrito.
(24/07/91) F. E. S.
91-1115 MF. 023.
Spec(91)70
RENEGOCIACION DE LAS CONDICIONES DE ADHESION DE POLONIA (10-11
JULIO 1991) - LISTA DE REPRESENTANTES.
(10/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1089 MF. 007.
Spec(91)71
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 11 DE JULIO DE 1991.
(17/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1085 MF. 003.
Spec(91)72
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA ADHESION DE BULGARIA - LISTA DE
REPRESENTANTES.
(15/07/91) E. F. S.
91-1116 MF. 008.
Spec(91)73
AEROGRAMAS DE CONVOCATORIAS DE LAS REUNIONES DEL CONSEJO - Nota
de la Secretaria.
(02/08/91) E. F. S.
91-1131 MF. 001.
- 11 - Spec(91)74
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE JULIO DE 1991.
(08/08/91) E. F. S.
91-1165 MF. 003.
Spec(91)75
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DEL PARRAFO 4 DEL PROTOCOLO DE ADHESION DE SUIZA
Preguntas complementarias dirigidas al representante de Suiza.
(17/09/91) E. F. S.
91-1251 MF. 008.
Spec(91)76
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE AGOSTO DE 1991.
(03/09/91) E. F. S.
91-1230 MF. 003.
Spec(91)77
CONSEJO INTERNACIONAL DE PRODUCTOS LACTEOS - VIGESIMA QUINTA
REUNION - Proyecto de informe.
(02/10/91) E. F. S.
91-1354 MF. 015.
Spec(91)78
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 30 DE SEPTIEMBRE DE 1991.
(01/10/91) E. F. S.
91-1372 MF. 003.
Spec(91)79
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS QUESOS - COMITE DEL
PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS TIPOS DE LECHE EN POLVO -
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A LAS MATERIAS GRASAS LACTEAS -
Informe de la cuadragésima séptima reunión - Proyecto - 16 y 17
de septiembre de 1991.
(14/10/91) E. F. S.
91-1425 MF. 048.
Spec(91)80
CUESTIONES ADMINISTRATIVAS Y FINANCIERAS Recomendación del
Director General relativa al saldo en descubierto existente al 31
de diciembre de 1990.
(08/10/91) E. F. S.
91-1371 MF. 001.
- 12 - Spec(91)81
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DEL ACUERDO DE LIBRE COMERCIO ENTRE EL CANADA Y
LOS ESTADOS UNIDOS - PROYECTO DE INFORME.
(21/10/91) E. F. S.
91-1481 MF. 055.
Spec(91)82
SUBCOMITE DEL COMERCIO DE LOS PAISES MENOS ADELANTADOS - PROYECTO
NOTA SOBRE LAS DELIBERACIONES DE LAS DECIMOTERCERA REUNION -
Preparado por la Secretaría.
(21/10/91) E. F. S.
91-1474 MF. 004.
Spec(91)83
PROYECTO DE INFORME DEL COMITE DE COMERCIO Y DESARROLLO A LAS
PARTES CONTRATANTES.
(28/10/91) E. F. S.
91-1537 MF. 011.
Spec(91)84
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE OCTUBRE DE 1991.
(04/11/91) E. F. S.
91-1568 MF. 002.
Spec(91)85
COMUNIGACION DE LAS COMUNIDADES EUROPEAS AL GRUPO DE TRABAJO
SOBRE LA UNIFICACION DE ALEMANIA - Segundo cuestionario
(Respuestas a los cuestionarios de los participantes en el Grupo
de Trabajo).
(22/11/91) E. F. S.
91-1670 MF. 025.
Spec(91)86
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA UNIFICACION DE ALEMANIA - MEDIDAS DE
TRANSICION ADOPTADAS POR LAS COMUNIDAD EUROPEAS - COMUNICACION DE
LAS COMUNIDADES EUROPEAS (Texto del Informe al Parlamento Europeo
y al Consejo sobre la aplicación de medidas arancelarias
transitorias como consecuencia del establecimiento de la unidad
alemana).
(22/11/91) E. F. S.
91-1671 MF. 031.
Spec(91)88
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 30 DE NOVIEMBRE DE 1991.
(05/12/91) E. F. S.
91-1767 MF. 002.
- 13 - |
|
GATT Library | gm256qn4224 | SPEC(92) | [ca. 1947 - 1994] | NaT | official documents | SPEC(92) and SPEC(92) | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/gm256qn4224 | gm256qn4224_92270137.xml | GATT_155 | 3,528 | 33,366 | SPEC(92)
Spec(92)1
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 DECEMBER 1991.
(09/01/92) E. F. S.
92-0014 MF. 002.
Spec(92)2
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING MILK FAT - COMMITTEE OF THE
PROTOCOL REGARDING CHEESES - COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING
CERTAIN MILK POWDERS - Draft Report of the Forty-Eight Session -
9 December 1991.
- (27/01/92) E. F. S.-
92-0095 MF. 026.
Spec(92)3
WORKING PARTY ON PARAGRAPH 4 OF THE PROTOCOL FOR THE ACCESSION OF
SWITZERLAND - Replies by Switzerland to Supplementary Written
Questions.
(24/01/92) E. F. S.
92-0068 MF. 021.
Spec(92)4
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE RENEGOTIATION OF THE
TERMS OF ACCESSION OF POLAND.
(29/01/92) E. F. S.
92-0105 MF. -032.
Spec(92)4/Rev.1
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE RENEGOTIATION OF THE
TERMS OF ACCESSION OF POLAND - Revision.
(28/07/92) E. F. S.
92-1062 MF. 041.
Spec(92)4/Rev.1/Corr.1
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE RENEGOTIATION OF THE
TERMS OF ACCESSION OF POLAND- Corrigendum.
(12/08/92) E. S.
92-1152 MF. 001.
- 1 -
- - ---- - - -------
. . -* -.,. -* .,.- -*- -*- -.,. -? . * ". * *- .,.- -* *- ' * * .,.- *------ . * * * Ic il; Spec(92)004/Rev.02
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE RENEGOTIATION OF THE
TERMS OF ACCESSION OF POLAND - Revision.
(11/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0863 MF. 039.
Spec(92)5:--
INTERNATIONAL MEAT COUNCIL - Twenty-Fifth Meeting - Report.
(14/02/92) E. F. S.
92-0181 MF. 012.
Spec(92)5/Corr. 1
INTERNATIONAL MEAT COUNCIL - TWENTY-FIFTH MEETING- - Draft Report -
Corrigendum.
(06/03/92) E. F. S.
92-0286 MF. 001.
Spec(92)6
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 JANUARY 1992.
(10/02/92) E. F. S.
92-0155 MF. 003.
Spec(92)7
WORKING PARTY ON CHINA'S STATUS AS A CONTRACTING PARTY - LIST OF
REPRESENTATIVES.
(13/02/92) E. F. S.
92-0220 MF. 017.
Spec(92)8
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 29 FEBRUARY 1992.
(03/03/92) E. F. S.
92-0327 MF. 003.
Spec(92)9
WORKING PARTY ON PARAGRAPH 4 OF THE PROTOCOL FOR THE ACCESSION OF
SWITZERLAND - Draft Report of the Working Party.
(16/03/92) E. F. S.
92-0322 MF. 050.
Spec(92)9/Add.1
WORKING PARTY ON PARAGRAPH 4 OF THE PROTOCOL FOR THE ACCESSION OF
SWITZERLAND - Draft Report of the Working Party - Addendum.
(21/07/92) - E. F. S.
92-1042 MF. 005.
- 2 - Spec(92) 10
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY PRODUCTS COUNCIL - TWENTY-SIXTH SESSION -
Draft Report.
(08/04/92) E.F.S.
92-0412 MF. 012.
Spec(92)11
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN MILK POWDERS -
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING MILK FAT - COMMITTEE OF THE
PROTOCOL REGARDING CHEESES - Draft Report of the Forty-Ninth
Session - 16 March 1992.
(08/04/92) E. F. S.
92-0413 MF. 031.
Spec(92)12
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 MARCH 1992.
(06/04/92) E. F. S.
92-0415 MF. 003.
Spec(92)13
ADMINISTRATIVE AND FINANCIAL QUESTIONS - Activities of the common
system bodies in 1991 - Note by the Secretariat.
(15/04/92) E. F. S.
92-0459 MF. 003.
Spec(92)14
WORKING PARTY ON GERMAN UNIFICATION - TRANSITIONAL MEASURES
ADOPTED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES - COMPILATION OF INFORMATION
RECEIVED BY THE WORKING PARTY.
(04/09/92) E. F. S.
92-1229 MF. 073.
Spec(92) 15
ADMINISTRATIVE AND FINANCIAL QUESTIONS - Uruguay Round Staff -
Note by the Secretariat.
(15/05/92) E . F. S.
92-0635 MF. 002.
Spec(92) 16
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 30 APRIL 1992.
(04/05/92) E. F. S.
92-0570 MF. 002.
- 3- Spec(92)17
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 MAY 1992.
(04/06/92) E. F. S.
92-0731 MF. 002.
Spec(92)18-
COUNCIL TRADE POLICY REVIEW MECHANISM - BANGLADESH - LIST OF
REPRESENTATIVES.
(09/06/92) E. F. S.
92-0774 MF. 013.
Spec(92)19
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF PARAGUAY.
(26/06/92) E. F. S.
92-0828 MF. 026.
Spec(92)019/Rev.01
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF PARAGUAY -
Revision.
(27/04/93) E. F. S.
93-0618 MF. 015.
Spec(92)20.
WORKING PARTY ON ACCESSION OF PARAGUAY - LIST OF REPRESENTATIVES.
(11/06/92) E. F. S.
92-0835. 008.
Spec(92)21
COUNCIL - TRADE POLICY REVIEW MECHANISM - CANADA - LIST OF
REPRESENTATIVES.:
(10/06/92) E. F. S.
92-0880. 015.
Spec(92)22
.COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN CHEESES - COMMITTEE
OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN MILK POWDERS - COMMITTEE OF THE
PROTOCOL REGARDING MILK FAT - Draft Report of the Fiftieth
Session - 15 June 1992.
(15/07/92) E. F. S.
92-0945 MF. 028.
Spec(92)23
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 30 JUNE 1992.
(01/07/92) E. F. S.
92-0896 MF. 002.
- 4 - Spec(92)24
INTERNATIONAL MEAT COUNCIL - Twenty-Sixth Meeting - Draft Report.
(15/07/92) E. F. S.
92-0995 MF. 011.
Spec(92)24/Corr. 1
INTERNATIONAL MEAT CCONCIL - Twenty-Sixth Meeting Draft Report -
Corrigendum.
(03/08/92) E. F. S.
92-1073 MF. 001.
Spec(92)25
COUNCIL TRADE POLICY REVIEW MECHANISM - URUGUAY - LIST OF
REPRESENTATIVES.
(06/07/92) E. F. S.
92-0985. 014.
Spec(92)26
COUNCIL - TRADE POLICY REVIEW MECHANISM - KOREA - LIST OF
REPRESENTATIVES.
(08/07/92) E. F. S.
92-1013. 016.
Spec(92)27
WORKING PARTY ON THE RENEGOTIATION OF THE TERMS OF ACCESSION OF
POLAND - RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN POLISH AGRICULTURE.
(27/07/92) E. F. S.
92-1059 MF. 022.
Spec(92)28
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 JULY 1992.
(04/08/92) E. F. S.
92-1106 MF. 002.
Spec(92)29
COMMITTEE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT - DRAFT NOTE ON PROCEEDINGS OF
THE SEVENTY-SECOND SESSION - Prepared by the Secretariat.
(20/08/92) E. F. S.
92-1185 MF. 026.
Spec(92)30
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 AUGUST 1992.
(03/09/92) E. F. S.
92-1256 MF. 002.
- 5 - Spec(92)31
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING MILK FAT - COMMITTEE OF THE
PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN CHEESES - COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL
REGARDING CERTAIN MILK POWDERS - Draft Report of the Fifty-First
Session - 14-15 September 1992.
(08/10/92)
92-1410 MF.
E. F. S.
035.
Spec(92)32
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY PRODUCTS COUNCIL - TWENTY-SEVENTH SESSION -
Spec
Draft Report.
(07/10/92) E. F. S
92-1407 MF. 012.
Spec (92)33
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 30 SEPTEMBER 1992.
(08/10/92) E F. S.P
92-1417 MF.
002.
Spec(92)34
COUNCIL - TRADE POLICY REVIEW MECHANISM - EGYPT -
REPRESENTATIVES.
(05/10/92)
92-1475.
LIST OF
E. F. S.
013.
Spec(92)35
COUNCIL - TRADE POLICY REVIEW MECHANISM - JAPAN -
REPRESENTATIVES.
(12/10/92) -
92-1527.
LIST OF
E. F. S.
015.
Spec(92)36
COUNCIL - TRADE POLICY REVIEW MECHANISM - BRAZIL
REPRESENTATIVES.
(14/10/92)
92-1534.
- LIST OF
E. F. S.
016.
Spec(92)37
WORKING PARTY ON CHINA'S STATUS AS A CONTRACTING
REPRESENTATIVES.
(21/10/92)
92-1592.
PARTY- LIST OF
E. F. S.
017.
- 6 - Spec(92)38
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 OCTOBER 1992.
(03/11/92) E. F.S.
92-1622 MF. 002.
Spec(92)39
DRAFT REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT TO THE
CONTRACTING PARTIES.
(18/11/92).E.F.S.
-92-1707 MF. 021
Spec
(92)40
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 30 NOVEMBER 1992.
(02/12/92) .E. F. S.
92-1812 MF.
002.
Spec(92)41
COUNCIL - TRADE POLICY REVIEW MECHANISM - ROMANIA -LIST OF
REPRESENTATIVES.
(1712/92) E. F. S.
92- 1940.
013.
- 7- SPEC(92)
Spec(92)1
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 DECEMBRE 1991.
(09/01/92) E. F. S.
92-0014 MF. 002.
Spec(92)2
COMITE DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT LES MATIERES GRASSES LAITIERES -
COMITE DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINS FROMAGES - COMITE DU
PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINES POUDRES DE LAIT - Projet - Rapport
de la quarante-huitième session - 9 décembre 1991.
(27/01/92) E. F. S.
92-0095 MF. 030.
Spec(92)3
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DU PARAGRAPHE 4 DU PROTOCOLE D'ACCESSION DE LA
SUISSE - Réponses de la Suisse aux questions supplémentaires
posées par écrit.
(24/01/92) E. F. S.
92-0068 MF. 023.
Spec(92)4
PROJET - RAPPORT DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE LA RENEGOCIATION DES
CONDITIONS D'ACCES DE LA POLOGNE.
(29/01/92) E. F. S.
92-0105 MF. 036.
Spec(92)4/Rev.1
-PROJET - RAPPORT DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE LA RENEGOCIATION DES
-CONDITIONS D'ACCES DE LA POLOGNE - Révision.
(28/07/92) E. F. S.
92-1062 MF. 045.
Spec(92)4/Rev.1/Corr.1
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE RENEGOTIATION OF THE
TERMS OF ACCESSION OF POLAND - Corrigendum.
(12/08/92) E. S.
92-1152 MF. 000.
- 1 -
- - - - - - - - - - - __ -M.- 4? I& 1% FI lk il
--- -------- ---------- ---------------------- - ----------------
. I... .. .... .... - - .. .. - .. .... .... .. .. - .. 1. - - .. .. .. .. .. Spec(92)004/Rev.02
PROJET - RAPPORT DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE LA RENEGOCIATION DES
CONDITIONS D'ACCES DE LA POLOGNE - Révision.
(11/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0863 MF. 043.
Spec(92)5
CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DE LA VIANDE - Vingt-cinquième réunion -
Projet de rapport.
(14/02/92) E. F. S.
92-0181 MF. 014.
Spec(92)5/Corr.1
CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DE LA VIANDE - VINGT-CINQUIEME REUNION -
Rapport - Projet - Corrigendum.
(06/03/92) E. F. S.
92-0286 MF. 001.
Spec(92)6
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 JANVIER 1992.
(10/02/92) E. F. S.
92-0155 MF. 003.
Spec(92)7
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DU STATUT DE PARTIE CONTRACTANTE DE LA CHINE -
LISTE DES REPRESENTANTS.
(13/02/92) E. F. S.
92-0220 MF. 017.
Spec(92)8
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 29 FEVRIER 1992.
(03/03/92) E. F. S.
92-0327 MF. 003.
Spec(92)9
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'EXAMEN DU PARAGRAPHE 4 DU PROTOCOLE
D'ACCESSION DE LA SUISSE - Projet - Rapport du Groupe de travail.
(16/03/92) E. F. S.
92-0322 MF. 056.
Spec(92)9/Add.1
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'EXAMEN DU PARAGRAPHE 4 DU PROTOCOLE
D'ACCESSION DE LA SUISSE - Projet - Rapport du Groupe de travail -
Addendum.
(21/07/92) E. F. S.
92-1042 MF. 006.
- 2 - Spec(92) 10
CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DES PRODUITS LAITIERS - VINGT-SIXIEME
SESSION - Projet de rapport.
(08/04/92) E. F. S.
92-0412 MF. 013.
Spec(92)11
COMITE DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINES POUDRES DE LAIT - COMITE
DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT LES MATIERES GRASSES LAITIERES - COMITE
DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINS FROMAGES - Projet de rapport de
la quarante-neuvième session 16 mars 1992.
(08/04/92) E. F. S.
92-0413 MF. 036.
Spec(92)12
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 MARS 1992.
(06/04/92) E. F. S.
92-0415 MF. 003.
Spec(92)13
QUESTIONS ADMINISTRATIVES ET FINANCIERES - Activités des organes
du système commun en 1991 - Note du secrétariat.
(15/04/92) E. F. S.
-92-0459 MF. 003.
Spec(92)14
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'UNIFICATION DE L'ALLEMAGNE - MESURES
TRANSITOIRES ADOPTEES PAR LES COMMUNAUTES EUROPEENNES -
COMPILATION DES RENSEIGNEMENTS RECUS PAR LE GROUPE DE TRAVAIL.
(04/09/92) E. F. S.
92-1229 MF. 077.
Spec(92)15
QUESTIONS ADMINISTRATIVES ET FINANCIERES -.Personnes recrutées
pour l'Uruguay Round - Note du secrétariat.
(15/05/92) E. F. S.
92-0635 MF. 002.
Spec(92)16
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 30 AVRIL 1992.
(04/05/92) E. F. S.
92-0570 MF. 002.
- 3 - Spec(92)17
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 MAI 1992.
(04/06/92) E. F. S.
92-0731 MF. 002.
Spec(92)18
CONSEIL - MECANISME D'EXAMEN DES POLITIQUES COMMERCIALES -
BANGLADESH - LISTE DES REPRESENTANTS.
(09/06/92) E. F. S.
92-0774 MF. 013.
Spec(92)19
PROJET DE RAPPORT DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU
PARAGUAY.
(26/06/92) E. F. S.
92-0828 MF. 031.
Spec(92)019/Rev.01
PROJET DE RAPPORT DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU PARAGUAY
- Revision.
(27/04/93) E. F. S.
93-0618 MF. 016.
Spec(92)20
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE LI'ACCESSION DU PARAGUAY - LISTE DES
REPRESENTANTS.
(11/06/92) E. F. S.
92-0835. 008.
Spec(92)21
CONSEIL - MECANISME D'EXAMEN DE POLITIQUES COMMERCIALES - CANADA -
LISTE DES REPRESENTANTS.
(10/06/92) E. F. S.
92-0880. 015.
Spec(92)22
COMITE DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINS FROMAGES - COMITE DU
PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINES POUDRES DE LAIT - COMITE DU
PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT LES MATIERES GRASSES LAITIERES - Rapport de
la cinquantième session (15 juin 1992).
(15/07/92) E. F. S.
92-0945 MF. 030.
- 4 - Spec(92)23
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 30 JUIN 1992.
(01/07/92) E. F. S.
92-0896 MF. 002.
Spec(92)24
CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DE LA VIANDE - Vingt-sixième réunion -
Projet de rapport.
(15/07/92) E. F. S.
92-0995 MF. 013.
Spec(92)24/Corr.1
CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DE LA VIANDE - Vingt-sixième réunion -
Projet de rapport - Corrigenduim.
(03/08/92) E. F. S.
92-1073 MF. 001.
Spec(92)25
CONSEIL - MECANISME D'EXAMEN DE POLITIQUES COMMERCIALES - URUGUAY
- LISTE DES REPRESENTANTS.
(06/07/92) E. F. S.
92-0985. 014.
Spec(92)26
CONSEIL - MECANISME D'EXAMEN DE POLITIQUES COMMERCIALES - COREE -
LISTE DES REPRESENTANTS.
(08/07/92) E. F. S.
92-1013. 016.
Spec(92)27
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE LA RENEGOCIATION DES CONDITIONS D'ACCESSION
DE LA POLOGNE - EVOLUTION RECENTE DE L'AGRICULTURE POLONAISE.
(27/07/92) E. F. S.
92-1059 MF. 024.
Spec(92)28
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 JUILLET 1992.
(04/08/92) E. F. S.
92-1106 MF. 002.
Spec(92)29
COMITE DU COMMERCE ET DU DEVELOPPEMENT - NOTE SUR LA SOIXANTE-
DOUZIEME SESSION - Projet établi par le secrétariat.
(20/08/92) E. F. S.
92-1185 MF. 029.
- 5 - Spec(92)30
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 AOUT 1992.
(03/09/92) E. F. S.
92-1256 MF. 002.
Spec(92)31
COMITE DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT LES MATIERES GRASSFS LAITIERES -
COMITE DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINS FROMAGES - COMITE DU
PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINES POUDRES DE LAIT - Projet de
rapport de la cinquante et unième session (14-15 septembre 1992).
(08/10/92) E. F. S.
92-1410 MF. 039.
Spec(92)32
CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DES PRODUITS LAITIERS - VINGT-SEPTIEME
SESSION - Projet de rapport.
(07/10/92) E. F. S.
92-1407 MF. 014.
Spec(92)33
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 30 SEPTEMBRE 1992.
(08/10/92) E. F. S.
92-1417 MF. 002.
Spec(92)34
CONSEIL - MECANISME D'EXAMEN DE POLITIQUES COMMERCIALES - LISTE
DES REPRESENTANTS.
(05/10/92) E. F. S.
92-1475. 013.
Spec(92)35
CONSEIL - MECANISME D'EXAMEN DE POLITIQUES CCMMERCIALES - JAPON -
LISTE DES REPRESENTANTS.
(12/10/92): E. F. S.
92-1527. 015.
Spec(92)36
CONSEIL - MECANISME D'EXAMEN DE POLITIQUES COMMERCIALES - BRESIL -
LISTE DES REPRESENTANTS.
(14/10/92) E. F. S.
92-1534. 016.
- 6 - Spec(92)37
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DU STATUT DE PARTIE CONTRACTANTE DE LA CHINE -
LISTE DES REPRESENTANTS.
(21/10/92)
92-1592.
E. F. S.
017.
Spec(92)38
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 OCTOBRE 1992.
(03/11/92) E. F. S.
92-1622 MF.
002.
Spec(92)39
RAPPORT DU COMITE DU COMMERCE ET DU DEVELOPPEMENT
CONTRACTANTES - PROJET.
(18/11/92)
92-1707 MF.
AUX PARTIES
E. F. S.
023.
Spec(92)40
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 30 NOVEMBRE
(02/12/92)
92-1812 MF.
1992.
E. F. S.
002.
Spec(92)41
CONSEIL - MECANISME D'EXAMEN DE POLITIQUES COMMERCIALES -
ROUMANIE - LISTE DES REPRESENTANTS.
(17/12/92)
92-1940.
E. F. S.
013.
- 7 - SPEC(92)
Spec(92)1
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE DICIEMBRE DE 1991.
(09/01/92) E. F. S.
92-0014 MF. 002.
Spec(92)2
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS QUESOS - COMITE DEL
PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS TIPOS DE LECHE EN POLVO -
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A LAS MATERIAS GRASAS LACTEAS -
Proyecto - Informe de la cuadragésima octava reunion - 9 de
diciembre de 1991.
(27/01/92) E. F. S.
- 92-0095 MF. 031.
Spec(92)3
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DEL PARRAFO 4 DEL PROTOCOLO DE ADHESION DE SUIZA
- Respuesta de Suiza a las preguntas complementarias formuladas
-por escrito.
(24/01/92) E. F. S.
92-0068 MF. 023.
Spec(92)4
PROYECTO - INFORME DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA RENEGOCIACION DE
LAS CONDICIONES DE ADHESION DE POLONIA.
(29/01/92) E. F. S.
92-0105 MF. 036.
Spec(92)4/Rev.1
PROYECTO - INFORME DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA RENEGOCIACION DE
LAS CONDICIONES DE ADHESION DE POLONIA - Revisión.
(28/07/92) E. F. S.
92-1062 MF. 045.
Spec(92)4/Rev.1/Corr.1
PROYECTO DE INFORME DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA RENEGOCIACION DE
LAS CONDICIONES DE ADHESION DE POLONIA - Corrigendum.
(12/08/92) E. S.
92-1152 MF. 001.
- 1-
1% 19! 1? 1% I& --1? I& - .-
------------ - M Spec(92)004/Rev.02
PROYECTO - INFORME DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA RENEGOCIACION DE
LAS CONDICIONES DE ADHESION DE POLONIA - Revisión.
(11/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0863.MF. 044.
Spec(92)5
CONSEJO INTERNtCIONAL DE'\`LA CARNE - Vigésima quinta reunion -
Informe.-
(14/02/92) E. F. S.
92-0181 MF. 015.
Spec(92)5/Corr.1
CONSEJO INTERNACIONAL DE LA CARNE - VIGESIMA QUINTA REUNION -
Proyecto -. Informe - Corrigendum.
(06/03/92) E. F. S.
92-0286 MF. 001.
Spec(92)6
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE ENERO DE 1992.
(10/02/92) E. F. S.
92-0155 MF. 003.
Spec(92)7
WORKING PARTY ON CHINA'S STATUS AS A CONTRACTING PARTY - LIST OF
REPRESENTATIVES.
(13/02/92) E. F. S.
92-0220 MF. 017.
Spec(92)8
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 29 DE FEBRERO DE 1992.
(03/03/92) -E. F. S.
92-0327 MF. 003.
Spec(92)9
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DEL PARRAFO 4 DEL PROTOCOLO DE ADHESION DE SCIZA
- Proyecto - Informe del Grupo de Trabajo.
(16/03/92) E. F. S.
92-0322 MF. 056.
Spec(92)9/Add.1
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DEL PARRAFO 4 DEL PROTOCOLO DE ADHESION DE SUIZA
- Proyecto - Informe del Grupo de Trabajo Addendum.
(21/07/92) E. F. S.
92-1042 MF. 006.
- 2 - Spec(92) 10
CONSEJO INTERNACIONAL DE PRODUCTOS LACTEOS - VIGESIMA SEXTA
REUNION - Proyecto - Informe.
(08/04/92) E. F. S.
92-0412 MF. 014.
Spec(92)11
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS TIPOS DE LECHE EN
POLVO - COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A LAS MATERIAS GRASAS
LACTEAS - COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS QUESOS -
Informe de la cuadragésima novena reunion - Proyecto - 16 de
marzo de 1992.
(08/04/92) E. F. S.
92-0413 MF. 039.
Spec(92)12
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE MARZO DE 1992.
(06/04/92) E. F. S.
92-0415 MF. 003.
Spec(92)13
CUESTIONES ADMINISTRATIVAS Y FINANCIERAS Actividades de los
órganos del sistema común en 1991 - Nota de la Secretaría.
(15/04/92) - - E. F. S.
92-0459 MF. 003.
Spec(92)14
.GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA UNIFICACION DE ALEMANIA - MEDIDAS DE
TRANSICION ADOPTADAS POR LAS COMUNIDADES EUROPEAS - COMPILACION
DE LA INFORMACION RECIBIDA POR EL GRUPO DE TRABAJO.
(04/09/92) E. F. S.
92-1229 MF. 079.
Spec(92) 15
CUESTIONES ADMINISTRATIVAS Y FINANCIERAS - Personal de la Ronda
Uruguay - Nota de la Secretaria.
(15/05/92) E. F. S.
92-0635 MF. 002.
Spec(92)16
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 30 ABRIL DE 1992.
(04/05/92) E. F. S.
92-0570 MF. 002.
- 3 - Spec(92)17
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE MAYO DE 1992.
(04/06/92) E. F. S.
92-0731 MF. 002.
Spec(92)18
CONSEJO - MECANISMO DE EXAMEN DE LAS POLITICAS COMERCIALES -
BANGLADESH - LISTA DE REPRESENTANTES.
(09/06/92) E. F. S.
92-0774 MF. 013.
Spec(92)19
PROYECTO DE INFORME DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA ADHESION DEL
PARAGUAY.
(26/06/92) E. F. S.
92-0828 MF. 031.
Spec(92)019/Rev. 01
PROYECTO DE INFORME DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA ADHESION DEL
PARAGUAY - Revisión.
(27/04/93) E. F. S.
93-0618 MF. 017.
Spec(92)20
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA ADHESION DE PARAGUAY LISTA DE
REPRESENTANTES.
(11/06/92) E. F. S.
92-0835. 008.
Spec(92)21
CONSEJO - MECANISMO DE EXAMEN DE LAS POLITICAS COMERCIALES -
CANADA - LISTA DE REPRESENTANTES.
(10/06/92) E. F. S.
92-0880. 015.
Spec(92)22
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS QUESOS - COMITE DEL
PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS TIPOS DE LECHE EN POLVO -
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A LAS MATERIAS GRASAS LACTEAS -
Informe de la quincuagésima reunión - 15 de junio de 1992.
(15/07/92) E. F. S.
92-0945 MF. 033.
- 4 - Spec(92)23
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 30 JUNIO DE 1992.
(01/07/92) E. F. S.
92-0896 MF. 002.
Spec(92)24
CONSEJO INTERNACIONAL DE LA CARNE Vigésima sexta reunión -
Proyecto - Informe.
(15/07/92) E. F. S.
92-0995 MF. 013.
Spec(92)24/Corr.1
CONSEJO INTERNACIONAL DE LA CARNE - Vigèsima sexta reunion -
Proyecto de informe - Corrigendum.
(03/08/92) E. F. S.
92-1073 MF. 001.
Spec(92)25
CONSEJO - MECANISMO DE EXAMEN DE LAS POLITICAS COMERCIALES -
URUGUAY - LISTA DE REPRESENTANTES.
(06/07/92) E. F. S.
92-0985. 014.
Spec(92)26
CONSEJO - MECANISMO DE EXAMEN DE LAS POLITICAS COMERCIALES -
COREA - LISTA DE REPRESENTANTES.
(08/07/92) E. F. S.
92-1013. 016.
Spec(92)27
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA RENEGOCIACION DE LAS CONDICIONES DE
ADHESION DE POLONIA - EVOLUCION RECIENTE DE LA AGRICULTURA
POLACA.
(27/07/92) E. F. S.
92-1059 MF. 025.
Spec(92)28
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE JULIO DE 1992.
(04/08/92) E. F. S.
92-1106 MF. 002.
Spec(92)29
COMITE DE COMERCIO Y DESAROLLO - PROYECTO - NOTA SOBRE LAS
DELIBERACIONES DE LA SEPTUAGESIMA SEGUNDA REUNION - Preparada por
la Secretaria.
(20/08/92) E. F. S.
92-1185 MF. 029.
- 5 - Spec(92)30
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE AGOSTO DE 1992.
(03/09/92) E. F. S.
92-1256 MF. 002.
Spec(92)31
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A LAS MATERIAS GRASAS LACTEAS -
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS QUESOS - COMITE DEL
PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS TIPOS DE LECHE EN POLVO
Informe de la quincuagésima primera reunion - 14-15 de septiembre
de 1992.
(08/10/92) E. F. S.
92-1410 MF. 043.
Spec(92)32
CONSEJO INTERNACIONAL DE PRODUCTOS LACTEOS - VIGESIMA SEPTIMA
REUNION - Proyecto - Informe.
(07/10/92) E. F. S.
-92-1407 MF. 014.
Spec(92)33
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCCIONES PENDIENTES AL 30 DE SEPTIEMBRE DE 1992.
(08/10/92) E. F. S.
92-1417 MF. 002.
Spec(92)34
CONSEJO - MECANISMO DE EXAMEN DE LAS POLITICAS COMERCIALES -
EGTPTO - LISTA DE REPRESENTANTES.
(05/10/92) E. F. S.
92-1475. 013.
Spec(92)35
CONSEJO - MECANISMO DE EXAMEN DE LAS POLITICAS COMERCIALES -
JAPON - LISTA DE REPRESENTANTES.
(12/10/92) E. F. S.
92-1527. 015.
Spec(92)36
CONSEJO - MECANISMO DE EXAMEN DE LAS POLITICAS COMERCIALES -
BRASIL - LISTA DE REPRESENTANTES.
(14/10/92- E. F. S.
92-1534. 016.
- 6 - Spec( 92)37
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DEL ESTATUTO DE LA CHINA COMO PARTE CONTRATANTE -
LISTA DE REPRESENTANTES.
(21/10/92) E. F. S.
92-1592. 017.
Spec(92)38
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE OCTUBRE DE 1992.
(03/11/92) E. F. S.
92-1622 MF. 002.
Spec(92)39
PROYECTO DE INFORME DEL COMITE DE COMERCIO Y DESARROLLO A LAS
PARTES CONTRATANTES.
(18/11/92) E. F. S.
92-1707 MF. 023.
Spec(92)40
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 30 DE NOVIEMBRE DE 1992.
(02/12/92) E. F. S.
92-1812 MF. 002.
Spec(92)41
CONSEJO - MECANISMO DE EXAMEN DE LAS POLITICAS COMERCIALES -
RUMANIA - LISTA DE REPRESENTANTES.
(17/12/92) E. F. S.
92-1940. 013.
- 7 - |
|
GATT Library | mc615jw9168 | SPEC(93) | [ca. 1947 - 1994] | NaT | official documents | SPEC(93) and SPEC(93) | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/mc615jw9168 | mc615jw9168_92280001.xml | GATT_155 | 5,169 | 49,329 | SPEC(93)
Spec(93)001
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN MILK POWDERS -
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING MILK FAT - COMMITTEE OF THE
PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN CHEESES - Draft Report of the Fifty-
Second Session - 14 December 1992.
(22/01/93) E. F. S.
93-0098 MF. 024.
Spec(93)002
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 DECEMBER 1992.
(05/01/93) E. F. S.
93-0012 MF. 002.
Spec(93)003
WORKING PARTY ON US-ANDEAN, TRADE PREFERENCE ACT - LIST OF
-REPRESENTATIVES.
(22/01/93) E. F. S.
93-0125. 009.
Spec(93)004
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 JANUARY 1993.
(05/02/93) E. F. S.
93-0167 MF. 002.
Spec(93)005
ADMINISTRATIVE AND FINANCIAL QUESTIONS - Activities of the common
system bodies in 1992 - Note by the Secretariat.
(23/02/93) E. F. S.
93-0260 MF. 003.
Spec(93)006
INTERNATIONAL MEAT COUNCIL - Twenty-Seventh Meeting - Draft
Report.
(03/03/93) E. F. S.
93-0302 MF. 006.
- 1 -
**********************************************************************************
**************************************************************************************************************** Spec(93)007
WORKING PARTY ON UNITED STATES ANDEAN TRADE-PREFERENCE ACT -
Draft Report.
(26/02/93) E. F. S.
93-0279-MF. 008.
Spec(93)008
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 28 FEBRUARY 1993.
(01/03/93) E. F. S.
93-0296 MF. 002.
Spec(93)009
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY PRODUCTS COUNCIL - TWENTY-EIGHTH SESSION -
Draft Report.
(31/03/93) E. F. S.
93-0456 MF. 008.
Spec(93)010
WORKING PARTY ON-CHINA'S STATUS AS A CONTRACTING PARTY - LIST OF
REPRESENTATIVES.
(15/03/93) E. F. S.
93-0422. 018.
Spec(93)011
ADMINISTRATIVE AND FINANCIAL QUESTIONS - Uruguay Round contract
staff - Note by the Secretariat.
(25/03/93) E. F. S.
93-0421 MF. 002.
Spec(93)012
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN CHEESES - COMMITTEE
OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN MILK POWDERS - COMMITTEE OF THE
PROTOCOL REGARDING MILK FAT Draft Report of the Fifty-Third
Session - 16 March 1993.
(14/04/93). E. F. S.
93-0506 MF. 024.
Spec(93)013
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 MARCH 1993.
(02/04/93) E. F. S.
93-0474 MF. 002.
- 2 - Spec(93)014
DRAFT - AGENDA-21 FOLLOW-UP ACTIVITIES IN GATT - Note Prepared by
the GATT Secretariat for the Information of the Commission on
Sustainable Development at its Meeting on 14-25 June 1993.
(26/04/93) E. F. S.
93-0632 MF. 003.
Spec(93)015
WORKING PARTY ON ACCESSION OF SLOVENIA - LIST OF REPRESENTATIVES.
(22/04/93) E. F. S.
93-0671. 008.
Spec(93)016
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 30 APRIL 1993.
(04/05/93) E. F. S.
93-0696 MF. 002.
Spec(93)017
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 MAY 1993.
(04/06/93) E. F. S.
93-0911 MF. 004.
Spec(93)018
WORKING PARTY ON ACCESSION OF MONGOLIA - LIST OF REPRESENTATIVES.
(03/06/93) E. F. S.
93-0938. 007.
Spec(93)019
COMMITTEE ON BUDGET, FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION - Information
Paper on the GATT Documents Data Base (DDB).
(14/07/93) E. F. S.
93-1181 MF. 003..
Spec(93)020
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF SLOVENIA - Questions and
Replies.
(15/06/93) E. F. S.
93-0968 MF. 028.
Spec(93)021
COMMITTEE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT - DRAFT NOTE ON PROCEEDINGS OF
THE SEVENTY-FOURTH SESSION - Prepared by the Secretariat.
(23/06/93) E. F. S.
93-1030 MF. 004.
- 3 - Spec(93)022
EEC - COUNTERVAILING CHARGE ON APPLES - Statement by the
Representative of Chile.
(25/06/93) S. E. F.
93-1058 MF.. 006.
Spec(93)023
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF HONDURAS - Communication from
Honduras.
(02/07/93) S. E. F.
93-1091 MF. 008.
Spec(93)024
COUNCIL - FAREWELL TO THE OUTGOING DIRECTOR-GENERAL, MR. ARTHUR
DUNKEL.
(01/07/93) E. F. S.
93-1097 MF. 009.
Spec(93)025
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 30 JUNE 1993.
(05/07/93) - E. F. S.
93-1109 MF. 004.
Spec(93)026
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING MILK FAT - COMMITTEE OF THE
PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN CHEESES - COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL
REGARDING CERTAIN MILK POWDERS - Draft Report of the Fifty-Fourth
Session - 21 and 22 June 1993.
(26/07/93) E. F. S.
93-1276 MF. 032.
Spec(93)027
WORKING PARTY ON ACCESSION OF HONDURAS - LIST OF REPRESENTATIVES.
(05/07/93) E. F. S.
93-1152. 007.
Spec(93)028
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF MONGOLIA - Questions and:
Replies.
(09/08/93) E. F. S.
93-1343 MF. 014.
- 4 - Spec(93)029
INTERNATIONAL MEAT COUNCIL - Twenty-Eighth Meeting - Draft
Report.
(30/07/93) E. F. S.
93-1915 MF. 019.
Spec(93)029/Corr.01
INTERNATIONAL MEAT COUNCIL - Twenty-Eighth Meeting - Draft Report
- Corrigendum.
(22/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1557 MF. 003.
Spec(93)030
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF THE SEPARATE CUSTOMS TERRITORY
OF TAIWAN, PENGHU, KINMEN AND MATSU - LIST OF REPRESENTATIVES.
(28/06/93). E. F. S.
93-1277. 014.
Spec(93)031
ANALYTICAL INDEX.
(23/07/93) E. F. S.
93-1281 MF. 001.
Spec(93)032
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 JULY 1993.
(03/08/93) E. F. S.
93-1332 MF. 004.
Spec(93)033
COMMITTEE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT - Draft Note on Proceedings of
the Seventy-Fifth Session - Prepared by the Secretariat.
(13/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1486 MF. 034.
`Spec(93)034
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING ON THE ACCESSION OF HONDURAS.
(01/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1438 MF. 020.
Spec(93)034/Rev.01
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF HONDURAS -
Revision.
(21/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1626 MF. 023.
- 5 - Spec(93)035
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 AUGUST 1993.
(06/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1473 MF. 004.
Spec( 93)036
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI - Questions and
Replies - AUSTRALIA.
(27/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1573 MF. 008.
Spec(93)036/Add. 01
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI - Questions and
Replies - AUSTRALIA - Addendum.
(07/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1666 MF. 006.
Spec(.93)037.
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI - Questions and
Replies - CANADA.
(27/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1574 MF. 023.
Spec(93)037/Add.01
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI - Questions and
Replies - CANADA - Addendum.
(08/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1673 MF. 002.
Spec(93)037/Add. 02
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI - Questions and
Replies - CANADA - Addendum.
(23/12/93) E. F. S.
- 93-2231 MF. 002.
Spec(93)038
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPET - Questions and
Replies - CHILE.
(27/09/93) E. F S.
93-1575 MF. 003.
Spec(93)039
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI - Questions and
Replies - JAPAN.
(27/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1576 MF. 010.
- 6 - Spec(93)040
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI
Replies - KOREA.
(27/09/93) '
93-1577 MF.
Spec(93)04 1
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI
Replies - MEXICO.
(27/09/93)
93-1578 MF.
- Questions and
E. F S.
003.
- Questions and
E. F. S.
002.
Spec(93)041/Add.01
WORKING :PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI
Replies - MEXICO - Addendum. --
(06/10/93)
93-1654 MF.
-Spec(93)042
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI
Replies --NEW ZEALAND.
(27/09/93)
93-1579 MF.
- Questions and
E.- F. S.
007:,
- Questions and
E. F. S.
019.
Spec(93)043
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI
Replies - NORDIC COUNTRIES.
(27/09/93)
93-1580 MF.
- Questions and
E. F. S.
008.
Spec(93)044
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI
Replies - SWITZERLAND.
(27/09/93)
93-1581 MF.
- Questions and
E. F. S.
021.
Spec(93)045
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI
Replies - UNITED STATES.
(27/09/93) - *
93-1582 MF.
- Questions and
E. F. S.
045.
- 7 - Spec(93)045/Add.01
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI - Questions and
Replies - UNITED STATES - Addendum.
(08/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1681 MF. 002.
Spec(93)046
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF SLOVENIA Questions and
Replies.
(27/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1583 MF. 023.
Spec(93)047
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI D Questions and
Replies - HONG KONG.
(05/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1644 MF. 002.
Spec(93)048
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 30 SEPTEMBER 1993.
(01/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1640 MF. 004.
Spec(93)049
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY PRODUCTS COUNCIL - TWENTY-NINTH SESSION -
Draft Report.
(25/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1814 MF. 008.
Spec(93)050
ACCESSION OF MONGOLIA - Tariff Negotiations.
(12/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1674 MF. 001.
Spec(93)050/Add.01
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF MONGOLIA - Addendum.
(30/12/93) E. F. S.
93-2258 MF. 006.
Spec(93)051
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN MILK POWDERS -
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING MILK FAT - COMMITTEE OF THE
PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN CHEESES - Draft Report of the Fifty-
Fifth Session - 27 and 28 September 1993.
(22/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1777 MF. 023.
- 8 - Spec(93)052
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI - Questions and
Replies - EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES.
(29/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1822 MF. 011.
Spec(93)053
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE FOURTH ACP-EEC
CONVENTION OF LOME.
(21/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1768 MF. 006.
Spec(93)053/Rev.01
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE FOURTH ACP-EEC
CONVENTION OF LOME Revision.
(31/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0957 MF. 006.
Spec(93)054
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF SLOVENIA.
(25/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1788 MF. 030.
Spec(93)054/Rev.01
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF SLOVENIA -
Revision.
(15/06/94) E. F. S.
94-1256 MF. 030.
Spec(93)055
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF THE SEPARATE CUSTOMS TERRITORY
OF TAIWAN, PENGHU, KINMEN AND MATSU - LIST OF REPRESENTATIVES.
(12/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1801. 014.
Spec(93)056
WORKING PARTY ON ACCESSION OF SLOVENIA - LIST OF REPRESENTATIVES.
(07/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1807. 008.
Spec(93)057
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 OCTOBER 1993.
(01/11/93) E. F. S.
93-1884 MF. 004.
- 9 - Spec(93)058
WORKING PARTY ON EFTA-TURKEY FREE TRADE AGREEMENT - Draft Report.
(09/11/93) E. F. S.
93-1893 MF. 007.
Spec(93)059
WORKING PARTY ON THE FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS BETWEEN
ESTONIA, LATVIA AND LITHUANIA - Draft Report.
(18/11/93)
93-1970 MF.
NORWAY AND
E. F. S.
005.
Spec(93)060
WORKING PARTY ON THE FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS BETWEEN
ESTONIA, LATVIA AND LITHUANIA - Draft Report.
(18/11/93)
93-1971 MF.
SWEDEN AND
E. F. S.
005.
Spec(93)061
WORKING PARTY ON THE PROTOCOLS REGARDING TEMPORARY
ON TRADE AND ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION BETWEEN FINLAND
LATVIA AND LITHUANIA - Draft Report.
(18/11/93)
93-1972 MF.
ARRANGEMENTS
AND ESTONIA,
E. P. S.
005.
Spec(93)062
DRAFT REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT TO THE
CONTRACTING PARTIES.
(22/11/93) E. F. S.
93-2002 MF. 007.
Spec(93)063
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 30 NOVEMBER 1993.
(01/12/93) E. F. S.
93-2118 MF. 004.
- 10 - SPEC(93)
Spec(93)001
COMITE DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINES POUDRES DE LAIT - COMITE
DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT LES MATIERES GRASSES LAITIERES - COMITE
DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINS FROMAGES - Rapport de la
cinquante-deuxième session - 14 décembre 1992.
(22/01/93) E. F. S.
93-0098 MF. 028.
Spec(93)002
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 DECEMBRE 1992.
(05/01/93) E. F. S.
93-0012 MF. 002.
Spec( 93)003
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE LA LOI DES ETATS-UNIS RELATIVE AUX
PREFERENCES COMMERCIALES EN FAVEUR DES PAYS ANDINS - LISTE DES
REPRESENTANTS.
(22/01/93) E. F. S.
93-0125. 009.
Spec(93)004
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 JANVIER 1993.
(05/02/93) E. F. S.
93-0167 MF. 002.
Spec(93)005
QUESTIONS ADMINISTRATIVE ET FINANCIERES - Activités des organes
du système commun en 1992 - Note du secrétariat.
(23/02/93) E. F. S.
93-0260 MF. 003.
Spec(93)006
CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DE LA VIANDE - Vingt-septième réunion -
Projet de rapport.
(03/03/93) E. F. S.
93-0302 MF. 007.
- 1 - Spec(93)007
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE LA LOI DES ETATS-UNIS RELATIVE AUX
PREFERENCES COMMERCIALES EN FAVEUR DES PAYS ANDINS - Projet de
rapport.
(26/02/93) E. F. S.
93-0279 MF. 009.
Spec(93)008
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 28 FEVRIER 1993.
(01/03/93) E. F. S.
93-0296 MF. 002.
Spec(93)009
CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DES PRODUITS LAITIERS - VINGT-HUITIEME
SESSION - Projet de rapport.
(31/03/93) E. F. S.
93-0456 MF. 009.
Spec(93)010
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DU STATUT DE PARTIE CONTRACTANTE DE LA CHINE -
LISTE DES REPRESENTANTS.
(15/03/93) E. F. S.
93-0422. 018.
Spec(93)011
QUESTIONS ADMINISTRATIVES ET FINANCIERES - Personnes recrutées
pour l'Uruguay Round - Note du secrétariat.
(25/03/93) E. F. S.
93-0421 MF. 002.
Spec(93)012
COMITE DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAIN FROMAGES - COMITE DU
PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINES POUDRES DE LAIT - COMITE DU
PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT LES MATIERES GRASSSES LAITIERES - Projet de
rapport de la cinquante-troisième session - 16 mars 1993.
(14/04/93) E. F. S..
93-0506 MF. 027.
Spec(93)013
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 MARS 1993.
(02/04/93) E. F. S.
93-0474 MF. 002.
- 2 - Spec(93)014
PROJET - CONTRIBUTION DU GATT AU SUIVI DU PROGRAMME ACTION 21 -
Note établie par le secrétariat du GATT pour l'information des
participants à la réunion que la Commission du développement
durable tiendra du 14 au 25 juin 1993.
(26/04/93) E. F. S.
93-0632 MF. 003.
Spec(93)015
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE LA SLOVENIE - LISTE DES
REPRESENTANTS.
(22/04/93) E. F. S.
93-0671. 008.
Spec(93)016
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 30 AVRIL 1993.
(04/05/93) E. F. S.
93-0696 MF. 002.
Spec(93)017
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 MAI 1993.
(04/06/93) E. F. S.
93-0911 MF. 004.
Spec(93)018
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE LA MONGOLIE - LISTE DES
REPRESENTANTS.
(03/06/93) E. F. S.
93-0938. 007.
Spec(93)019
COMITE DES QUESTIONS BUDGETAIRES, FINANCIERES ET ADMINISTRATIVES -
Document d'information sur la base de données documents du GATT.
(14/07/93) E. F. S.
93-1181 MF. 003.
Spec(93)020
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE-L'ACCESSION DE LA SLOVENIE - Questions et
réponses.
(15/06/93) E. F. S.
93-0968 MF. 029.
- 3 - Spec(93)021
COMITE DU COMMERCE ET DU DEVELOPPEMENT - NOTE SUR LA SOIXANTE-
QUATORZIEME SESSION Projet établi par le secrétariat.
(23/06/93) E. F. S.
93-1030 MF. 004.
Spec(93)022
CEE - TAXE COMPENSATOIRE APPLICABLE AUX POMMES - Déclaration du
représentant du Chili.
(25/06/93) S. E. F.
93-1058 MF. 006.
Spec(93)023
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU HONDURAS - Communication du
Honduras.
(02/07/93) S. E. F.
93-1091 MF. 009.
Spec(93)024
CONSEIL - ALLOCUTIONS PRONONCEES A L'OCCASION DU DEPART DE M.
ARTHUR DUNKEL, DIRECTEUR GENERAL.
(01/07/93) E. F. S.
93-1097 MF. 010.
Spec(93)025
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 30 JUIN 1993.
(05/07/93) E. F. S.
93-1109 MF. 004.
Spec(93)026
COMITE DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT LES MATIERES GRASSES LAITIERES -
COMITE DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINS FROMAGES - COMITE DU
PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINES POUDRES DE LAIT - Projet de
rapport de la cinquante-quatrième session - 21 et 22 juin 1993.
(26/07/93) E. F. S.
93-1276 MF. 036.
Spec(93)027
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU HONDURAS - LISTE DES
REPRESENTANTS.
(05/07/93) E. F. S.
93-1152. 007.
- 4 - Spec(93)028
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE LA MONGOLIE - Questions et
réponses.
(09/08/93) E. F. S.
93-1343 MF. 016.
Spec(93)029
CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DE LA VIANDE - Vingt-huitième réunion -
Projet de rapport.
(30/07/93) E. F. S.
93-1315 MF. 021.
Spec(93)029/Corr.01
CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DE LA VIANDE - Vingt-huitième réunion -
Projet de rapport - Corrigendum.
(22/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1557 MF. 004.
Spec(93)030
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU TERRITOIRE DOUANIER DISTINCT
DE TAIWAN, PENGHU, KINMEN ET MATSU - LISTE DES REPRESENTANTS.
(28/06/93) E. F. S.
93-1277. 014.
Spec(93)031
INDEX ANALYTIQUE.
(23/07/93) E. F. S.
93-1281 MF. 001.
Spec(93)032
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 JUILLET 1993.
(03/08/93) E. F. S.
93-1332 MF. 004.
Spec(93)033
COMITE DU COMMERCE ET DU DEVELOPPEMENT - Note sur la soixante-
quinzième session - Projet établi par le secrétariat.
(13/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1486 MF. 038.
Spec(93)034
PROJET DE RAPPORT DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU
HONDURAS.
(01/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1438 MF. 022.
- 5- Spec(93)034/Rev.01
PROJET DE RAPPORT DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU HONDURAS
- Révision.
(21/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1626 MF. 025.
Spec(93)035
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 AOUT 1993.
(06/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1473 MF. 004.
Spec(93)036
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS
réponses - AUSTRALIE.
(27/09/93)
93-1573 MF.
- Questions et
E. F. S.
009.
Spec(93)036/Add.01
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS
réponses - AUSTRALIE - Addendum.
(07/10/93)
93-1666 MF.
Spec(93)037
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS
réponses - CANADA.
(27/09/93)
93-1574 MF.
- Questions et
E. F. S.
006.
- Questions et
E. F. S.
024.
Spec(93)037/Add.01
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL
réponses - CANADA
(08/10/93)
93-1673 MF.
DE L'ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS - Questions et
- Addendum.
E. F. S.
002.
Spec(93)037/Add.02
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL
réponses - CANADA
(23/12/93)
93-2231 MF.
DE L'ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS
- Addendum.
- Questions et
E. F. S.
002.
Spec(93)038
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS
réponses - CHILI.
(27/09/93)
93-1575 MF.
- Questions et
E. F. S.
003.
- 6 - Spec(93)039
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS - Questions et
réponses - JAPON.
(27/09/93)
93-1576 MF.
E. F. S.
011.
Spec(93)040
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS
réponses - COREE.
(27/09/93)
93-1577 MF.
- Questions et
E. F. S.
003.
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS
réponses - MEXIQUE.
(27/09/93)
93-1578 MF.
- Questions et
E. F. S.
002.
Spec(93)041/Add .01
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS
réponses - MEXIQUE - Addendum.
(06/10/93)
93-1654 MF.
Spec(93)042
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS
réponses - NOUVELLE-ZELANDE.
(27/09/93)
93-1579 MF.
- Questions et
E. F. S.
008.
- Questions et
E. F. S.
020.
Spec(93)043
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS
réponses - PAYS NORDIQUES.
(27/09/93)
93-1580 MF.
- Questions et
E. F. S.
009.
Spec(93)044
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS
réponses - SUISSE.
(27/09/93)
93-1581 MF.
- Questions et
E. F. S.
022.
- 7 -
Spec(93)041 Spec(93)045
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS - Questions et
réponses - ETATS-UNIS.
(27/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1582 MF. 050.
Spec(93)045/Add.01
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS - Questions et
réponses - ETATS-UNIS - Addendum.
(08/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1681 MF. 002.
Spec(93)u46
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE LA SLOVENIE - Questions et
réponses.
(27/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1583 MF. 023.
Spec(93)047
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS - Questions et
réponses - HONG KONG.
(05/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1644 MF. 002.
Spec(93)048
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 30 SEPTEMBRE 1993.
(01/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1640 MF. 004.
Spec(93)049
CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DES PRODUITS LAITIERS - VINGT-NEUVIEME
SESSION - Projet de rapport.
(25/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1814 MF. 009.
Spec(93)050
ACCESSION DE LA MONGOLIE - Négociations tarifaires.
(12/10/93) E. E. S.
93-1674 MF. 001.
Spec(93)050/Add.01
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE LA MONGOLIE - Addendum.
(30/12/93) E. F. S.
93-2258 MF. 006.
- 8 - Spec(93)051
COMITE DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINES POUDRES DE LAIT - COMITE
DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT LES MATIERES GRASSES LAITIERES - COMITE
DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINS FROMAGES - Projet de rapport de
la cinquante-cinquième session - 27 et 28 septembre 1993.
(22/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1777 MF. 025.
Spec(93)052
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS - Questions et
réponses - COMMUNAUTES EUROPEENNES.
(29/10 ./93) E. F. S.
93-1822 MF. 011.
Spec(93)053
PROJET - RAPPORT DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE LA QUATRIEME CONVENTION
ACP-CEE DE LOME.
(21/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1768 MF. 006.
Spec(93)053/Rev.01
PROJET - RAPPORT DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE LA QUATRIEME CONVENTION
ACP-CEE DE LOME - Révision.
(31/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0957 MF. 006.
Spec(93)054
PROJET DE RAPPORT DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE LA
SLOVENIE.
(25/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1788 MF. 032.
Spec(93)054/Rev.01
PROJET DE RAPPORT DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE LA
SLOVENIE - Révision.
(15/06/94) E. F. S.
94-1256 MF. 032.
Spec(93)055
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU TERRITOIRE DOUANIER DISTINCT
DE TAIWAN, PENGHU, KINMEN ET MATSU LISTE DES REPRESENTANTS.
(12/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1801. 014.
- 9- Spec(93)056
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE LA SLOVENIE - LISTE DES
REPRESENTANTS.
(07/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1807. 008.
Spec(93)057
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 OCTOBRE 1993.
(01/11/93) E. F. S.
93-1884 MF. 004.
Spec(93)'058
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCORD DE LIBRE-ECHANGE ENTRE L'AELE ET LA
TURQUIE - Projet de rapport.
(09/11/93) E. F. S.
93-1893 MF. 008.
Spec(93)059
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DES ACCORDS DE LIBRE-ECHANGE ENTRE LA NORVEGE
ET L'ESTONIE, LA LETTONIE ET LA LITUANIE - Projet de rapport.
(18/11/93) E. F. S.
93-1970 MF. 005.
Spec(93)060
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DES ACCORDS DE LIBRE-ECHANGE ENTRE LA SUEDE ET
L'ESTONIE, LA LETTONIE ET LA LITUANIE - Projet de rapport.
(18/11/93) E. F. S.
93-1971 MF. 005.
Spec(93)061
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DES PROTOCOLES CONCERNANT LES ARRANGEMENTS
TEMPORAIRES EN MATIERE DE COOPERATION COMMERCIALE ET ECONOMIQUE
ENTRE LA FINLANDE ET L'ESTONIE, LA LETTONIE ET LA LITUANIE -
Projet de rapport.
(18/11/93) E. F. S.
93-1972 MF. 005.
Spec(93)062
RAPPORT DU COMITE DU COMMERCE ET DU DEVELOPPEMENT AUX PARTIES
CONTRACTANTES - Projet.
(22/11/93) E. F. S.
93-2002 MF. 007.
- 10 - Spec(93)063
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 30 NOVEMBRE 1993.
(01/12/93) E. F. S.
93-2118 MF. 004.
- 11 - SPEC(93)
*********************************************************************
Spec(93)001
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS TIPOS DE LECHE EN
POLVO - COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A LAS MATERIAS GRASAS
LACTEAS - COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS QUESOS -
Proyecto - Informe de la quincuagésima segunda reunion - 14 de
diciembre de 1992.
(22/01/93) E. F. S.
93-0098 MF. 030.
Spec(93)002
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE DICIEMBRE DE 1992.
(05/01/93) E. F. S.
93-0012 MF. 002.
Spec(93)003
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA LEY ESTADOUNIDENSE DE PREFERENCIAS
COMERCIALES PARA LOS PAISES ANDINOS - LISTA DE REPRESENTANTES.
(22/01/93) E. F. S.
93-0125. 009.
Spec(93)004
ESTADOS DE CONTRIBUCCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE ENERO DE 1993.
(05/02/93) -E. F. S.
93-0167 MF. 002.
Spec(93)005
CUESTIONES ADMINISTRATIVAS Y FINANCIERAS - Actividades de los
órganos del sistema común en 1992 - Nota de la Secretaria.
(23/02/93) E. F. S.
93-0260 HF. 003.
Spec(93)006
CONSEJO INTERNACIONAL DE LA CARNE - Vigésima séptima reunión -
Proyecto - Informe.
(03/03/93) E. F. S.
93-0302 MF. 007.
- 1 -
----- ----- Spec(93)007
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA LEY ESTADOUNIDENSE DE PREFERENCIAS
COMERCIALES PARA LOS PAISES ANDINOS - Proyecto de informe.
(26/02/93) E. F. S.
93-0279 MF. 009.
Spec(93)008
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 28 DE FEBRERO DE 1993.
(01/03/93) E. F. S.
93-0296 MF. 002.
Spec(93)009
CONSEJO INTERNACIONAL DE PRODUCTOS LACTEOS VIGESIMA OCTAVA
REUNION - Proyecto - Informe.
(31/03/93) E. F. S.
93-0456 MF. 010.
Spec(93)010
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DEL ESTATUTO DE LA CHINA COMO PARTE CONTRATANTE
LISTA DE REPRESENTANTES.
(15/03/93) E. F. S.
93-0422. 018.
Spec(93)011
CUESTIONES ADMINISTRATIVAS Y FINANCIERAS - Persona.l contratado
para la Ronda Uruguay - Nota de la Secretaria.
(25/03/93) E. F. S.
93-0421 MF. 002.
Spec(93)012
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS QUESOS - COMITE DEL
PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS TIPOS DE LECHE EN POLVO -
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A LAS MATERIAS GRASAS LACTEAS -
Proyecto - Informe de la quincuagésima tercera reunion - 16 de
marzo de 1993.
(14/04/93) E. F. S.
93-0506 MF. 029.
Spec(93)013
ESTADO DL CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE MARZO DE 1993.
(02/04/93) E. F. S.
93-0474 MF. 002.
- 2 - Spec(93)014
PROYECTO - ACTIVIDADES DE SEGUIMIENTO DEL PROGRAMA 21 EN EL GATT -
Nota preparada por la Secretaria del GATT para información de la
Comisión sobre el Desarrollo Sostenible en su reunion del 14 al
25 de junio de 1993.
(26/04/93) E. F. S.
93-0632 MF. 003.
Spec(93)015
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA ADHESION DE ESLOVENIA - LISTA DE
REPRESENTANTES.
(22/04/93) E. F. S.
93-0671. 008.
Spec(93)016
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCCIONES PENDIENTES AL 30 DE ABRIL DE 1993.
(04/05/93) E. F. S.
93-0696 MF. 002.
Spec(93)017
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE MAYO DE 1993.
(04/06/93) E. F. S.
93-0911 MF. 004.
Spec(93)018
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA ADHESION DE MONGOLIA - LISTA DE
REPRESENTANTES.
(03/06/93) E. F. S.
93-0938. 007.
Spec(93)019
COMITE DE ASUNTOS PRESUPUESTARIOS, FINANCIEROS Y ADMINISTRATIVOS -
Nota informative sobre la Base de Datos Documental del GATT.
(14/07/93) E. F. S.
93-1181 MF. 003.
Spec(93)020
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA ADHESION DE ESLOVENIA - Preguntas y
respuestas.
(15/06/93) E. F. S.
93-0968 MF. 030.
- 3 - Spec(93)021
COMITE DE COMERCIO Y DESARROLLO - PROYECTO - NOTA SOBRE LAS
DELIBERACIONES DE LA SEPTUAGESIMA CUARTA REUNION - Preparada por
la Secretaria.
(23/06/93) E. F. S.
93-1030 MF. 004.
Spec(93)022
CEE - GRAVAMEN COMPENSATORIO SOBRE LAS MANZANAS - Declaración del
representante de Chile.
(25/06/93) S. E. F.
93-1058 MF. 006.
Spec(93)023
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA ADHESION DE HONDURAS - Comunicaci6n de
Honduras.
(02/07/93) S. E. F.
93-1091 MF. 009.
Spec( 93)024
CONSEJO - DESPEDIDA DEL DIRECTOR GENERAL SALIENTE, SR. ARTHUR
DUNKEL.
(01/07/93) E. F. S.
93-1097 MF. 010.
Spec( 93)025
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCCIONES PENDIENTES AL 30 DE JUNIO DE 1993.
(05/07/93) E. F. S.
93-1109 MF. 004.
Spec( 93)026
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A LAS MATERIAS GRASAS LACTEAS -
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS QUESOS - COMITE DEL
PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS TIPOS DE LECHE EN POLVO -
Proyecto de informe de la quincuagésima cuarta reunion - 21 y 22
de junio de 1993.
(26/07/93) E. F. S.
93-1276 MF. 038.
Spec(93)027
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA ADHESION DE HONDURAS - LISTA DE
REPRESENTANTES.
(05/07/93) E. F. S.
93-1152. 007.
- 4 - Spec(93)028
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA ADHESION DE MONGOLIA - Preguntas y
respuestas.
(09/08/93) E. F. S.
93-1343 MF. 016.
Spec(93)029
CONSEJO INTERNACIONAL DE LA CARNE - Vigésima octava reunion -
Proyec-to - Informe.
(30/07/93) E. F. S.
93-1315 MF. 021.
Spec(93)029/Corr .01
CONSEJO INTERNACIONAL DE LA CARNE - Vigésima octava reunion -
Proyecto - Informe - Corrigendum.
(22/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1557 MF. 004.
Spec(93)030
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL TERRITORIO ADUANERO
DISTINTO DE TAIWAN, PENGHU, KINMEN Y MATSU - LISTA DE
REPRESENTANTES.
(28/06/93) E. F. S.
93-1277. 014.
Spec(93)031
INDICE ANALITICO.
(23/07/93) E. F. S.
93-1281 MF. 001.
Spec(93)032
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE JULIO DE 1993.
(03/08/93) E. F. S.
93-1332 MF. 004.
Spec( 93)033
COMITE DE COMERCIO Y DESARROLLO - Proyecto - Nota sobre las
deliberaciones de la septuagésima quinta reunion - Preparada por
la Secretaria.
(13/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1486 MF. 038.
- 5 - Spec(93)034
PROYECTO DE INFORME DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DE
HONDURAS.
(01/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1438 MF. 022.
Spec(93)034/Rev.01
PROYECTO DE INFORME DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DE
HONDURAS - Revisión.
(21/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1626 MF. 026.
Spec(93)035
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE AGOSTO DE 1993.
(06/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1473 MF. 004.
Spec(93)036
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - Preguntas y
respuestas - AUSTRALIA.
(27/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1573 MF. 010.
Spec(93)036/Add.01
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - Preguntas y
respuestas - AUSTRALIA - Addendum.
(07/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1666 MF. 006.
Spec(93)037
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - Preguntas y
respuestas - CANADA.
(27/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1574 MF. 024.
Spec(93)037/Add.01
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - Preguntas y
Respuestas - CANADA.
(08/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1673 MF. 002.
Spec(93)037/Add.02
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - Preguntas y
respuestas - CANADA - Addendum.
(23/12/93) E. F. S.
93-2231 MF. 002.
- 6 - Spec(93)038
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - Preguntas y
respuestas - CHILE.
(27/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1575 MF. 003.
Spec(93)039
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - Preguntas y
respuestas - JAPON.
(27/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1576 MF. 011.
Spec(93)040
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - Preguntas y
respuestas - COREA.
(27/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1577 NF. 003.
Spec(93)041
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - Preguntas y
respuestas - MEXICO.
(27/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1578 MF. 002.
Spec(93)041/Add.01
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - Preguntas y
respuestas - MEXICO - Addendum.
(06/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1554 MF. 008.
Spec(93)042
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - Preguntas y
respuestas - NUEVA ZELANDIA.
(27/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1579 MF. 021.
Spec(93)043
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - Preguntas y
respuestas - PAISES NORDICOS.
(27/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1580 MF. 009.
- 7 - Spec(93)044
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - Preguntas y
respuestas - SUIZA.
(27/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1581 MF. 021.
Spec(93)045
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - Preguntas y
respuestas - ESTADOS UNIDOS.
(27/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1582 MF. 049.
Spec(93)045/Add.01
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - Preguntas y
respuestas - ESTADOS UNIDOS - Addendum.
(08/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1681 MF. 002.
Spec(93)046
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DE ESLOVENIA - Preguntas y
respuestas.
(27/09/93) E. F. S.
93-1583 MF. 025.
Spec(93)047
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - Preguntas y
respuestas - HONG KONG.
(05/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1644 MF. 002.
Spec(93)048
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 30 DE SEPTIEMBRE DE 1993.
(01/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1640 MF. 004.
Spec(93)049
CONSEJO INTERNACIONAL DE PRODUCTOS LACTEOS - VIGESIMA NOVENA
REUNION - Proyecto - informe.
(25/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1814 MF. 009.
- 8 - Spec(93)050
ADHESION DE MONGOLIA - Negociaciones arancelarias.
(12/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1674 MF. 001.
Spec(93)050/Add .01
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DE MONGOLIA - Addendum.
(30/12/93) E. F. S.
93-2258 MF. 006.
Spec( 93)051
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS TIPOS DE LECHE EN
POLVO - COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A LAS MATERIAS GRASAS
LACTEAS - COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS QUESOS -
Proyecto de informe de la quincuagésima quinta reunion - 27 y 28
de septiembre de 1993.
(22/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1777 MF. 026.
Spec(93)052
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - Preguntas y
respuestas - COMUNIDADES EUROPEAS.
(29/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1822 MF. 011.
Spec(93)053
PROYECTO - INFORME DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO DEL CUARTO CONVENIO DE
LOME ENTRE LOS ESTADOS ACP Y LA CEE.
(21/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1768 MF. 006.
Spec(93)053/Rev .01
PROYECTO - INFORME DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO DEL CUARTO CONVENIO DE
LOME ENTRE LOS ESTADOS ACP Y LA CEE - Revisión.
(31/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0957 MF. 007.
Spec(93)054
PROYECTO - INFORME DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DE
ESLOVENIA.
(25/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1788 MF. 033.
- 9 - Spec(93)054/Rev.01
PROYECTO - INFORME DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DE
ESLOVENIA - Revisión.
(15/06/94) E. F. S.
94-1256 MF. 032.
Spec( 93)055
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL TERRITORIO ADUANERO
DISTINTO DE TAIWAN, PENGHU, KINMEN Y MATSU - LISTA DE
REPRESENTANTES.
(12/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1801. 014.
Spec( 93)056
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA ADHESION DE ESLOVENIA - LISTA DE
REPRESENTANTES.
(07/10/93) E. F. S.
93-1807. 008.
Spec(93)057
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE OCTUBRE DE 1993.
(01/11/93) E. F. S.
93-1884 MF. 004.
Spec(93)058
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DEL ACUERDO DE LIBRE COMERCIO ENTRE LA AELC Y
TURQUIA - Proyecto de informe.
(09/11/93) E. F. S.
93-1893 MF. 008.
Spec(93)059
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LOS ACUERDOS DE LIBRE COMERCIO ENTRE NORUEGA
Y ESTONIA, LETONIA Y LITUANIA - Proyecto de informe.
(18/11/93) E. F. S.
93-1970 MF. 005.
Spec(93)060
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LOS ACUERDOS DE LIBRE COMERCIO ENTRE SUECIA Y
ESTONIA, LETONIA Y LITUANIA - Proyecto de informe.
(18/11/93) E. F. S.
93-1971 MF. 005.
- 10 - Spec( 93)061
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LOS PROTOCOLOS QUE ESTABLECEN DISPOSICIONES
TRANSITORIAS SOBRE COMERCIO Y COOPERACION ECONOMICA ENTRE
FINLANDIA Y ESTONIA, LETONIA Y LITUANIA - Proyecto de informe.
(18/11/93) E. F. S.
93-1972 MF. 005.
Spec( 93)062
PROYECTO DE INFORME DEL COMITE DE COMERCIO Y DESARROLLO A LAS
PARTES CONTRATANTES.
(22/11/93) E. F. S.
93-2002 MF. 007.
Spec( 93)063
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 30 DE NOVIEMBRE DE 1993.
(01/12/93) E. F. S.
93-2118 MF. 004.
- 11 - |
|
GATT Library | rh881mw1725 | SPEC(94) | [ca. 1947 - 1994] | NaT | official documents | SPEC(94) and SPEC(94) | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/rh881mw1725 | rh881mw1725_92280074.xml | GATT_155 | 5,284 | 50,812 | SPEC(94)
Spec(94)001
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF ECUADOR Replies to Pending
Questions, Meeting of 17 January 1994.
(04/02/94) S. E. F.
94-0216 MF. 003.
Spec(94)001/Add.01
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF ECUADOR - Questions and
Replies.
(21/02/94) S. E. F.
94-0333 MF. 005.
Spec(94)001/Add.02
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF ECUADOR - Questions and
Replies.
(21/04/94) S. E. F.
94-0711 MF. 019.
Spec(94)001/Add.02/Corr.01
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF ECUADOR - Questions and Replies
- Corrigendum.
(30/06/94) E. F. S.
94-1369 MF. 001.
Spec(94)001/Add.02/Suppl.01
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF ECUADOR Questions and Replies
- Supplement.
(25/11/94) S. E. F.
94-2557 MF. 001.
Spec(94r)002
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 DECEMBER 1993.
(06/01/94) E. F. S.
94-0027 MF. 004.
Spec(94)003
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN CHEESES - COMMITTEE
OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN MILK POWDERS - COMMITTEE OF THE
PROTOCOL REGARDING MILK FAT - Draft Report of the Fifty-Sixth
Session - 20 December 1993.
(14/02/94) E. F. S.
94-0280 MF. 018.
- 1 -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Spec(94)004
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF MONGOLIA.
(10/03/94) E. F. S.
94-0439 MF. 009.
Spec(94)005
UNCED FOLLOW-UP ACTIVITIES IN GATT - Note by the GATT Secretariat
- Prepared for the Second Meeting of the Commission on
Sustainable Development - 16 - 31 May 1994.
(17/02/94) E. F. S.
94-0319 MF. 016.
Spec(94)006
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 JANUARY 1994.
(03/02/94) E. F. S.
94-0393 MF. 004.
Spec(94)007
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 28 FEBRUARY 1994.
(07/03/94) E. F. S.
94-0526 MF. 004.
Spec(94)008
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 MARCH 1994.
(08/04/94) E. F. S.
94-0659 MF. 004.
Spec(94)009
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING MILK FAT - Special Meeting -
30 March 1994.
(18/04/94) E. F. S.
94-0694 MF. 002.
Spec(94)010
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY PRODUCTS COUNCIL - THIRTIETH SESSION - Draft
Report.
(25/04/94) E. F. S.
94-0729 MF. 009.
Spec(94)011
INTERNATIONAL MEAT COUNCIL - Twenty-Ninth Meeting - Draft Report.
(22/04/94) E. F. S.
94-0712 MF. 009.
- 2 - Spec(94)011/Corr.01
INTERNATIONAL MEAT COUNCIL - Twenty-Ninth Meeting Draft Report -
Corrigendum.
(11/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0857 MF. 001.
Spec(94)012
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN MILK POWDERS
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING MILK FAT - COMMITTEE OF THE
PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN CHEESES - Draft Report of the Fifty-
Seventh Session (21 28 March 1994).
(28/04/94) E. F. S.
94-0744 MF. 021.
Spec(94)013
ADMINISTRATIVE AND FINANCIAL QUESTIONS - Activities of the common
system bodies in 1993 - Note by the Secretariat.
(04/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0796 MF. 002.
Spec(94)014
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION°OF MONGOLIA.
(03/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0779 MF. 020.
Spec(94)014/Rev.01
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF MONGOLIA -
Revision.
(14/06/94) E. F. S.
94-1247 MF. 020.
Spec(94)014/Rev.02
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF MONGOLIA -
Revision.
(06/12/94) E. F. S.
94-2667 MF. 022.
Spec(94)015,
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 30 APRIL 1994.
(04/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0820 MF. 004.
- 3 - Spec.(94)016
ACCESSION OF THE SEPARATE CUSTOMS TERRITORY OF TAIWAN, PENGHU,
KINMEN AND MATSU - Questions and Replies - AUSTRALIA.
(16/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0929 MF. 011.
Spec(94)017
ACCESSION OF THE SEPARATE CUSTOMS TERRITORY OF TAIWAN, PENGHU,
KINMEN AND MATSU - Questions and Replies - JAPAN.
(16/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0930 MF. 006.
Spec(94)018
ACCESSION OF THE SEPARATE CUSTOMS TERRITORY OF TAIWAN, PENGHU,
KINMEN AND MATSU - Questions and Replies - CANADA.
(16/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0931 MF. 012.
Spec(94)019
ACCESSION OF THE SEPARATE CUSTOMS TERRITORY OF TAIWAN, PENGHU,
KINMEN AND MATSU - Questions and Replies - UNITED STATES.
(16/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0932 MF. 032.
Spec(94)020
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF BULGARIA.
(31/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0955 MF. 035.
Spec(94)020/Rev.01
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF BULGARIA -
Revision.
(28/10/94) E. F. S.
94-2223 MF. 035.
Spec(94)021
COMMITTEE ON BUDGET, FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATION - Note by the
Secretariat.
(25/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0921 MF. 011.
Spec(94)022
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE RENEGOTIATION OF THE
TERMS OF ACCESSION OF POLAND.
(31/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0956 MF. 033.
- 4 - Spec(94)022/Add .01
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE RENEGOTIATION OF THE
TERMS OF ACCESSION OF POLAND - Addendum.
(14/07/94) E. F. S.
94-1464 MF. 001.
Spec(94)022/Corr .01
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY ON THE RENEGOTIATIONS OF THE
TERMS OF ACCESSION OF POLAND - Corrigendum.
(31/05/94) E.
94-0960 MF. 001.
Spec( 94)023
WORKING PARTY ON THE RENEGOTIATION OF THE TERMS OF ACCESSION OF
POLAND - LIST OF REPRESENTATIVE.
(09/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0979. 008.
Spec( 94)024
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 MAY 1994.
(06/06/94) E. F. S.
94-1189 MF. 004.
Spec( 94)025
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN MILK POWDERS -
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING MILK FAT - COMMITTEE OF THE
PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN CHEESES Draft Report of the Fifty-
Eighth Session (13 June 1994).
(12/07/94) E. F. S.
94-1447 MF. 021.
Spec(94)026
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 30 JUNE 1994.
(06/07/94) E. . F. S.
94-1439 MF. 004.
Spec( 94)027
ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI - CHECKLIST OF ACCESSION ISSUES -
Submissions by Australia, Canada, European Communities, Japan,
New Zealand, Switzerland and United States.
(22/07/94) E. F. S.
94-1528 MF. 006.
- 5 - Spec(94)027/Corr.01
ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI - CHECKLIST OF ACCESSION ISSUES -
Submissions by Australia, Canada, European Communities, Japan,
New Zealand and United States Corrigendum.
(15/08/94) E. F. S.
94-1671 'F. 001.
spec(94)028
ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI - Newly Promulgated or Revised Laïws
and Regulations.
(14/07/94) E. F. S.
94-1459 MF. 002.
Spec( 94)029
SUPPLEMENTARY BUDGET 19 94 - ADDITIONAL FUNDING IN 1994 AS A
RESULT OF THE DECISION TO CREATE THE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION.
(27/07/94) E. F. S.
94-1542 MF. 007.
Spec(94)029/Rev.01
SUPPLEMENTARY BUDGET 1994 - ADDITIONAL FUNDING IN 1994 AS A
RESULT OF THE DECISION TO CREATE THE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION.
(27/07/94) E.
94-1554 MF. 007.
Spec(94)030
ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI Description of Service Sectcrs
(Including Telecommunications, Insurance, Banking, Securities,
Air Transport and Road Transport).
(05/08/94) E. F.- S.
94-1591 MF. 007.
Spec(94)031
ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI - Special Exchange Agreement.
(22/08/94) E. F.. S.
94-1696 MF. 005.
Spec(94)031/Add.01
ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI - Special Exchange Agreement -
Addendum..
(19/05/95) E. F. S.
95-1332 MF. 001.
- 6 - Spec(94)032
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF THE SEPARATE CUSTOMS TERRITORY
OF TAIWAN, PENGHU, KINMEN AND MATSU - LIST OF REPRESENTATIVES.
(26/07/94) E, F. S.
94-1658. 018.
Spec(94)033
ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI - Checklist of Accession Issues
Preliminary Responses Provided by Chinese Taipei to the Checklist
of Accession Issues on 26 - 27 July 1994.
(11/08/94) E. F. S.
94-1667 NF. 018.
Spec( 94)034
STA'TEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 JULY 1994.
(05/08/94) E. F. S.
94-1664 NF. 004.
Spec(94)035
INTERNATIONAL MEAT COUNCIL Thirtieth Meeting - Draft Report.
(22/08/94) E. F. S.
94-1697 MF. 010.
Spec(94)035/Corr.01
INTERNATIONAL MEAT COUNCIL - Thirtieth Meeting - Draft Report -
Corrigendum.
(06/09/94) E. F. S.
94-1812 MF. 001.
Spec(94)036
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 AUGUST 1994.
(12/09/94) E. F. S.
94-1859 MF. 004.
Spec(94)037
ACCESSION OF THE SEPARATE CUSTOMS TERRITORY OF TAIWAN, PENGHU,
KINMEN AND MATSU - Initial Commitments on Trade in Services.
(28/09/94) E. F. S.
94-1920 MF. 083.
Spec(94)037/Rev.01
ACCESSION OF THE SEPARATE CUSTOMS TERRITORY OF TAIWAN, PENGHU,
KINNEN AND MATSU - I:nitial Commitments on Trade in Services -
Revision.
(18/10/94) E. F. S.
94-2081 MF. 060.
- 7 - Spec(94)037/Rev.02
ACCESSION OF THE SEPARATE CUSTOMS TERRITORY OF TAIWAN, PENGHU,
KINMEN AND MATSU - Initial Commitments on Trade in Services -
Revision.
(14/12/94) E.
94-2781 MF. 073.
Spec(94)038
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY PRODUCTS COUNCIL - THIRTY-FIRST SESSION -
Draft Report.
(11/10/94) E. F. S.
94-2045 MF. 008.
Spec(94)039
ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI - Special Exchange Agreement.
(04/1.0/94) E. F. S.
94-1969 MF. 005.
Spec(94)040
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN MILK POWDERS -
COMMITTEE OF THE PROTOCOL REGARDING MILK FAT - COMMITTEE OF THE
PROTOCOL REGARDING CERTAIN CHEESES - Draft Report of the Fifty-
Ninth Session (19 September 1994).
(01/11/94) E. F. S.
94-2288 MF. 025.
:Spec( 94)041
ACCESSION OF CHINESE TAIPEI.
(14/10/94) E. F. S.
94-2076 MF. 004.
Spec(94)042
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 30 SEPTEMBER 1994.
(14/10/94) E. F. S.
94-2095 MF. 004.
Spec(94)043
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF MONGOLIA - Information on Main
Service Sectors of Mongolia.
(24/10/94) E. F. S.
94-2156 MF. 004.
- 8 - Spec(94)044
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY OF THE ACCESSION OF ECUADOR.
(24/10/94) E. F. S.
94-2157 MF. 045.
Spec(94)044/Rev .01
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY OF THE ACCESSION OF ECUADOR -
Revis ion`.
(09/12/94)
94-2738 MF.
E. F. S.
054.
Spec(94)044/Rev .02
DRAFT REPORT OF THE WORKING PARTY OF THE ACCESSION OF ECUADOR -
Revision.
( 18/01/95)
95-0051 MF.
E. F. S.
056.
Spec(94)045
SLOVENIA - MEMBERSHIP IN THE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION -
Communication from Slovenia.
(24/10/94) E. F. S.
94-2158 MF. 022.
Spec(94'046
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF BULGARIA - Communication from
Bulgaria.
(26/ 10/94)
94-2180 MF.
E. F. S.
025.
Spec(94)047
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF MONGOLIA - Communication from
Mongo lia.
(31/10/94)
94-2268 MF.
E. F. S.
005.
Spec(94)047/Rev .01
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF MONGOLIA - Communication from
Mongolia - Revision.
(26/07/95)
95-2179 MF.
E. F. S.
007 .
Spec(94)048
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF MONGOLIA - Communication from
Mongolia.
(02/11/94)
94-2305 MF.
E. F. S.
013.
- 9 - Spec(94)049
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 OCTOBER 1994.
(10/11/94) E. F. S.
94-2403 MF. 004.
Spec(94)050
WORKING PARTY ON THE FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS BETWEEN THE EFTA
STATES AND THE CZECH REPUBLIC AND THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC - Draft
Report.
(18/11/94) E. F. S.
94-2472 MF. 007.
Spec(94)051
DRAFT REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON TRADE AND DEVELOFMENT TO THE
CONTRACTING PARTIES.
(2.5/11/94) E. F. S.
94-2551 MF. 016.
Spec(94)052
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 30 NOVEMBER 1994.
(08/12/94) E. F. S.
94-2726 MF. 004.
Spec(94)053
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 DECEMBER 1994.
(31/12/94) E. F. S.
94-2965 MF. 004.
Spec(94)053/Rev.01
STATEMENT OF OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS AS AT 31 DECEMBER 1994.
(15/02/95) E. F. S.
95-0328 MF. 004.
Spec(94)054
WORKING PARTY ON THE ACCESSION OF THE SEPARATE CUSTOMS TERRITORY
OF TAIWAN, PENGHU, KINMEN AND MATSU - LIST OF REPRESENTATIVES.
(21/12/94) E. F. S.
94-2966. 012.
- 10 - --- ----- ***
SPEC(94)
Spec(94)001
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE L'EQUATEUR -
questions posées, réunion du 17 janvier 1994.
(04/02/94)
94-0216 MF.
Réponses aux
S. E. F.
003.
Spec(94)001/Add.01
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE TuACCESSION DE L'EQUATEUR - Questions et
réponses.
(21/02/94)
94-0333 MF.
S. E. F.
005.
Spec(94)001/Add.02
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE L'EQUATEUR - Questions et
réponses.
(21/04/94)
94-0711 MF.
S.` E. F.
021.
Spec(94)001/Add.02/Corr .01
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE L'EQUATEUR -
réponses - Corrigendum.
(30/06/94)
94-1369 MF.
Questions et
E. F. S.
001.
Spec(94)001/Add.02/Suppl.01
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE L'EQUATEUR - Questions et
réponses - Supplément.
(25/11/94)
94-2557 HF.
S. E. F.
001.
Spec(94)002
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 DECEMBRE 1993.
(06/01/94) E. F. S.
94-0027 MF. 004.
Spec(94)003
COMITE DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINS FROMAGES - COMITE DU
PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINES POUDRES DE LAIT - COMITE DU
PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT LES MATIERES GRASSES LAITIERES - Projet de
rappport de la cinquante-sixième session - 20 décembre 1993.
(14/C-2/94) E. F. S.
94-0280 NF. 021.
- 1 -
_ - ------q
__ __ __ __ - __ __ __ __ __ -ke 1? _t Spec(94)004
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE LA MONGOLIE.
(10/03/94) E. F. S.
94-0439 MF. 009.
Spec(94)005
CONTRIBUTION DU GATT AU SUIVI DE LA CNUED - Note établie par le
secrétariat du GATT pour le deuxième réunion de la Commission du
développement durable qui se tiendra du 16 au 31 mai 1994.
(17/02/94) E. F. S.
94-0319 MF. 018.
Spec(94)006
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 JANVIER 1994.
(03/02/94) E. F. S.
94-0393 MF. 004.
Spec(94)007
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 28 FEVRIER 1994.
(07/03/94) E. F. S.
94-0526 MF. 004.
Spec(94)008
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 MARS 1994.
(08/04/94) E. F. S.
94-0659 MF. 004.
Spec(94)009
COMITE DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT LES MATIERES GRASSES LAITIERES -
Réunion extraordinaire - 30 mars 1994.
(18/04/94) E. F. S.
94-0694 MF. 002.
Spec(94)010
CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DES PRODUITS LAITIERS - TRENTIEME SESSION -
Projet de rapport.
(25/04/94) E. F. S.
94-0729 MF. 010.
Spec(94)011
CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DE LA VIANDE - Vingt-neuvième réunion -
Projet de rapport.
(22/04/94) E. F. S.
94-0712 MF. 010.
- 2- Spec(94)011/Corr.01
CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DE LA VIANDE - Vingt-neuvième réunion -
Projet de rapport - Corrigendum.
(11/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0857 MF. 001.
Spec(94)012
COMITE DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINES POUDRES DE LAIT - COMITE
DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT LES MATIERES GRASSES LAITIERES - COMITE
DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINS FROMAGES - Projet de rapport de
la cinquante-septième session (21 - 28 mars 1994).
(28/04/94) E. F. S.
94-0744 MF. 023.
Spec(94)013
QUESTIONS ADMINISTRATIVES ET FINANCIERES - Activités des organes
du système commun en 1993 - Note du secrétariat.
(04/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0796 MF. 002.
Spec(94)014
PROJET DE RAPPORT DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE LA
MONGOLIE.
(03/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0779 MF. 021.
Spec(94)014/Rev.01
PROJET DE RAPPORT DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE LA
MONGOLIE - Révision.
(14/06/94) E. F. S.
94-1247 MF. 021.
Spec(94)014/Rev.02
PROJET DE RAPPORT DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE LA
MONGOLIE - Révision.
(06/12/94) E. F. S.
94-2667 MF. 025.
Spec(94)015
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 30 AVRIL 1994.
(04/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0820 MF. 004.
- 3 - Spec(94)016
ACCESSION DU TERRITOIRE DOUANIER DISTINCT DE TAIWAN, PENGHU,
KINMEN ET MATSU - Questions et réponses - AUSTRALIE.
(16/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0929 MF. 012.
Spec(94)017
ACCESSION DU TERRITOIRE DOUANIER DISTINCT DE TAIWAN, PENGHU,
KINMEN ET MATSU - Questions et réponses - JAPON.
(16/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0930 MF. 006.
Spec(94)018
ACCESSION DU TERRITOIRE DOUANIER DISTINCT DE TAIWAN, PENGIHU,
KINMEN ET MATSU - Questions et réponses - CANADA. I
(16/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0931 MF. 013.
Spec(94)019
ACCESSION DU TERRITOIRE DOUANIER DISTINCT DE TAIWAN, PENGHU,
KINMEN ET MATSU - Questions et réponses ETATS-UNIS.
(16/05/94) E. Fi. S.
94-0932 MF. 036.
Spec(94)020
PROJET DE RAPPORT DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE LA
BULGARIE.
(31/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0955 MF. 040.
Spec(94)020/Rev.01
PROJET DE RAPPORT DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE LA
BULGARIE - Révision.
(28/10/94) E. F. S.
94-2223 MF. 040.
(25/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0921 MF. 000.
Spec(94)022
PROJET - RAPPORT DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE LA RENEGOCIATION DES
CONDITIONS D'ACCES DE LA POLOGNE.
(31/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0956 MF. 038.
- 4 - Spec(94)022/Add.01
RAPPORT DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE LA RENEGOCIATION DES CONDITIONS
D'ACCESSION DE LA POLOGNE - Addendum.
(14/07/94) E. F. S.
94-1464 MF. 001.
Spec(94)022/Corr.01
(31/05/94) E.
94-0960 MF. 000.
Spec(94)023
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE LA RENEGOTIATION DES CONDITIONS D'ACCESSION
DE LA POLOGNE - LISTE DES REPRESENTANTS.
(09/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0979. 008.
Spec(94)024
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 MAI 1994.
(06/06/94) E. F. S.
94-1189 MF. 004.
Spec(94)025
COMITE DU PRCOOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINES POUDRES DE LAIT - COMITE
DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT LES MATIERES GRASSES LAITIERES - COMITE
DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINS FROMAGES'- Projet de rapport de
la cinquante-huitième session (13 juin 1994).
(12/07/94) E. F. S.
94-1447 MF. 023.
Spec(94)026
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 30 JUIN 1994.
(06/07/94) E. F. S.
94-1439 MF. 004.
Spec(94)027
ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS - LISTE DE POINTS A VERIFIER
CONCERNANT L'ACCESSION - Communication de l'Australie, du Canada,
des Communautés européennes, des Etats-Unis, dulJapon, de la
Nouvelle-Zélande et de la Suisse.
(22/07/94) E. F. S.
94-1528 MF. 007.
- 5 - Spec(94)027/Corr.01
ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS - LISTE DE POINTS A VERIFIER
CONCERNANT L'ACCESSION - Communications de l'Australie, du
Canada, des Communautés européennes, des Etats-Unis, du Japon, de
la Nouvelle-Zélande et de la Suisse - Corrigendum.
(15/08/94) E. F. S.
94-1671 MF. 001.
Spec(94)028
ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS Lois et réglementations
nouvellement promulguées ou révisées.
(14/07/94) E. F. S.
94-1459 MF. 002.
Spec(94)029
BUDGET SUPPLEMENTAIRE POUR 1994 - CREDITS ADDITIONNELS DEMANDES
EN 1994 A LA SUITE DE LA DECISION DE CREER L'ORGANISATION
MONDIALE DU COMMERCE.
(27/07/94) E. F. S.
94-1542 MF. 007.
Spec(94)029/Rev.01
(27/07/94) E.
94-1554 MF. 000.
Spec(94)030
ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS - Description des secteurs des
services (notamment télécommunications, assurance, services
bancaires, valeurs mobilières, transports aériens et transports
routiers).
(05/08/94) E. F. S.
94-1591 MF. 009.
Spec(94)031
ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS - Accord spécial de change.
(22/08/94) E. F. S.
94-1696 MF. 006.
Spec(94)031/Add.01
ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS - Accord spécial de change -
Addendum.
(19/05/95) E. F. S.
95-1332 MF. 001.
- 6 - Spec( 94)032
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU TERRITOIRE DOUANIER DISTINCT
DE TAIWAN, PENGHU, KINMEN ET MATSU - LISTE DES REPRESENTANTS.
(26/07/94) E. F. S.
94-1658. 018.
Spec(94)033
ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS - Liste de points à vérifier
concernant l'accession - Réponses préliminaires fournies par le
Taipei chinois les 26 et 27 juillet 1994 à la liste de points à
vérifier concernant l'accession.
(11/08/94) E. F. S.
94-1667 MF. 020.
Spec(94)034
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 JUILLET 1994.
(05/08/94) E. F. S.
94-1664 MF. 004.
Spec(94)035
CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DE LA VIANDE - Trentième réunion --Projet
de rapport.
(22/08/94) E. F. S.
94-1697 MF. 011.
Spec( 94)035/Corr .01
CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DE LA VIANDE - Trentième réunion - Projet
de rapport - Corrigendum.
(06/09/94) E. F. S.
94-1812 MF. 001.
Spec( 94)036
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 AOUT 1994.
(12/09/94) E. F. S.
94-1859 MF. 004.
Spec(94)037
ACCESSION DU TERRITOIRE DOUANIER DISTINCT DE TAIWAN, PENGHU,
KINMEN ET MATSU - Engagements initiaux concernant le commerce des
services.
(28/09/94) E. F. S.
94-1920 MF. 083.
-7- Spec(94)037/Rev.01
ACCESSION DU TERRITOIRE DOUANIER DISTINCT DE TAIWAN, PENGHU,
KINMEN ET MATSU - Engagements initiaux concernant le commerce des
services - Révision.
(18/10/94) E. F. S.
94-2081 MF. 000.
Spec(94)037/Rev.02
(14/12/94) E.
94-2781 MF. 000.
Spec(94)038
CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL DES PRODUITS LAITIERS - TRENTE ET UNIEME
SESSION - Projet de rapport.
(11/10/94) E. F. S.
94-2045 MF. 009.
Spec(94)039
ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS - Accord spécial de change.
(04/10/94) E. F. S.
94-1969 MF. 005.
Spec(94)040
COMITE DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINES POUDRES DE LAIT - COMITE
DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT LES MATIERES GRASSES LAITIERES - COMITE
DU PROTOCOLE CONCERNANT CERTAINS FROMAGES - Projet de rapport de
la cinquante-neuvième session (19 septembre 1994).
(01/11/94) E. F. S.
94-2288 MF. 030.
Spec(94)041
ACCESSION DU TAIPEI CHINOIS.
(14/10/94) E. F. S.
94-2076 MF. 005.
Spec(94)042
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 30 SEPTEMBRE 1994.
(14/10/94) E. F. S.
94-2095 MF. 004.
Spec(94)043
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE LA MONGOLIE - Renseignements
concernant les principaux secteurs de services de la Mongolie.
(24/10/94) E. F. S.
94-2156 MF. 005.
- 8 - Spec(94)044
PROJET DE RAPPORT DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE
L'EQUATEUR.
(24/10/94) E. F. S.
94-2157 MF. 050.
Spec(94)044/Rev.01
PROJET DE RAPPORT DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE
L'EQUATEUR - Révision.
(09/12/94) E. F. S.
94-2738 MF. 058.
Spec(94)044/Rev.02
PROJET DE RAPPORT DU GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE
L'EQUATEUR - Révision.
(18/01/95) E. F. S.
95-0051 MF. 060.
Spec(94)045
SLOVENIE - PARTICIPATION A L'ORGANISATION MONDIALE DU COMMERCE -
Communication de la Slovénie.
(24/10/94) E. F. S.
94-2158 MF. 022.
Spec(94)046
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE LA BULGARIE - Communication
de la Bulgarie.
(26/10/94) E. F. S.
94-2180 MF. 035.
Spec(94)047
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE LA MONGOLIE - Communication
de la Mongolie.
(31/10/94) E. F. S.
94-2268 MF. 005.
Spec(94)047/Rev.01
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE LA MONGOLIE - Communication
de la Mongolie - Révision.--
(26/07/95) E. F. S.
95-2179 MF. 008.
- 9 - Spec( 94)048
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DE LA MONGOLIE - Communication
de la Mongolie.
(02/11/94) E. F. S.
94-2305 MF. 013.
Spec( 94)049
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 OCTOBRE 1994.
(10/11/94) E. F. S.
94-2403 MF. 004.
Spec( 94)050
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DES ACCORDS DE LIBRE-ECHANGE ENTRE LES ETATS
MEMBRES DE L 'AELE ET LA REPUBLIQUE SLOVAQUE ET LA REPUBLIQUE
TCHEQUE - Projet de rapport.
(18/11/94) E. F. S.
94-2472 MF. 008.
Spec(94)051
RAPPORT DU COMITE DU COMMERCE ET DU DEVELOPPEMENT AUX PARTIES
CONTRACTANTES - Projet.
(25/11/94) E. F. S.
94-2551 MF. 019.
Spec( 94)052
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 30 NOVEMBRE 1994.
(08/12/94) E. F. S.
94-2726 MF. 004.
Spec( 94)053
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 DECEMBRE 1994.
(31/12/94) E. F. S.
94-2965 MF. 004.
Spec(94)053/Rev.01
ETAT DES ARRIERES DE CONTRIBUTIONS AU 31 DECEMBRE 1994.
(15/02/95) E. F. S.
95-0328 MF. 004.
Spec( 94)054
GROUPE DE TRAVAIL DE L'ACCESSION DU TERRITOIRE DOUANIER DISTINCT
DE TAIWAN, PENGHU, KINMEN ET MATSU - LISTE DES REPRESENTANTS.
(21/12/94) E. F. S.
94-2966. 012.
- 10 - SPEC(94)
Spec(94)001
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA ADHESION DEL ECUADOR - Respuestas a
preguntas pendientes, sesión del 17 de enero de 1994.
(04/02/94) S. E. F.
94-0216 MF. 003.
Spec(94)001/Add .01
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA ADHESION DEL ECUADOR - Preguntas y
respuestas.
(21/02/94) S. E. F.
94-0333 MF. 005.
Spec(94)001/Add.02
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL ECUADOR - Preguntas y
respuestas.
(21/04/94) S. E. F.
94-0711 MF. 021.
Spec(94)001/Add.02/Corr.01
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL ECUADOR - Preguntas y
respuestas - Corrigendum.
(30/06/94) E. F. S.
94-1369 MF. 001.
Spec(94)001/Add.02/Suppl.01
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL ECUADOR - Preguntas y
respuestas - Suplemento.
(25/11/94) S. E. F.
94-2557 MF. 001.
Spec(94)002
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE DICIEMBRE DE 1993.
(06/01/94) E. F. S.
94-0027 MF. 004.
Spec(94)003
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS QUESOS - COMITE DEL
PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS TIPOS DE LECHE EN POLVO -
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A LAS MATERIAS GRASAS LACTEAS -
Proyecto - Informe de la quincuagésima sexta reunion - 20 de
diciembre de 1993.
(14/02/94) E. F. S.
94-0280 MF. 021.
- 1 -
......... ----------
I...... ..- ...... . Spec( 94)004
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA ADHESION DE NONGOLIA.
(10/03/94) E. F. S.
94-0439 MF. 010.
Spec( 94)005
ACTIVIDADES DE SEGUINIENTO DE LA CNUMAD DESARROLLADAS EN EL GATT
Nota de la Secretaria del GATT, preparada para la segunda reunion
de la Comisión de Derecho Sostenible, que se celebrará del 16 al
31 de mayo de 1994.
(17/02/94) E. F. S.
94-0319 MF. 017.
Spec( 94)006
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE ENERO DE 1994.
(03/02/94) E. F. S.
94-0393 MF. 004.
Spec(94)007
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 28 DE FEBRERO DE 1994.
(07/03/94) E. F. S.
94-0526 MF. 004.
Spec( 94)008
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE MARZO DE 1994.
(08/04/94) E. F. S.
94-0659 MF. 004.
Spec( 94)009
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A LAS MATERIAS GRASAS LACTEAS
Reunion extraordinaria - 30 de marzo de 1994.
(18/04/94) E. F. S.
94-0694 MF. 002.
Spec(94)010
CONSEJO INTERNACIONAL DE PRODUCTOS LACTEOS - TRIGESIMA REUNION
Proyecto de informe.
(25/04/94) E. F. S.
94-0729 MF. 010.
Spec(94)011
CONSEJO INTERNACIONAL DE LA CARNE - Vigésima novena reunion -
Proyect- de informe.
(22/04/94) E. F. S.
94-0712 MF. 010.
- 2 - Spec(94)011/Corr .01
CONSEJO INTERNACIONAL DE LA CARNE - Vigésima novena reunion -
Proyecto de informe - Corrigendum.
(11/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0857 MF. 001.
Spec(94)012
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS TIPOS DE LECHE EN
POLVO - COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A LAS MATERIAS GRASAS
LACTEAS - COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS QUESOS -
Proyecto - Informe de la quincuagésima séptima reunion (21 a 28
de marzo de 1994).
(28/04/94) E. F. S.
94-0744 MF. 023.
Spec(94)013
CUESTIONES ADMINISTRATIVAS Y FINANCIERAS - Actividades de los
órganos del sistema común en 1993 - Nota de la Secretaria.
(04/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0796 MF. 002.
Spec(94)014
PROYECTO - INFORME DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA
MONGOLIA.
(03/05/94)
94-0779 MF.
ADHESION DE
E. F. S.
021.
Spec(94)014/Rev .01
PROYECTO - INFORME DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA
MONGOLIA - Revisión.
(14/06/94)
94-1247 MF.
ADHESION DE
E. F. S.
021.
Spec(94)014/Rev.02
PROYECTO - INFORME DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA
MONGOLIA - Revisión.
(06/12/94)
94-2667 MF.
ADHESION DE
E. F. S.
024.
Spec(94)015
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 30 DE ABRIL DE 1994.
(04/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0820 MF. 004.
- 3 - Spec(94)016
ADHESION DEL TERRITORIO ADUANERO DISTINTO DE TAIWAN, PENGHU,
KINMEN Y MATSU - Preguntas y respuestas - AUSTRALIA.
(16/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0929 MF. 013.
Spec(94)017
ADHESION DEL TERRITORIO ADUANERO DISTINTO DE TAIWAN, PENGHU,
KINMEN Y MATSU - Preguntas y respuestas - JAPON.
(16/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0930 MF. 006.
Spec(94)018
ADHESION DEL TERRITORIO ADUANERO DISTINTO DE TAIWAN, PENGHU,
KINMEN Y MATSU - Preguntas y respuestas - CANADA.
(16/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0931 MF. 013.
Spec(94)019
ADHESION DEL TERRITORIO ADUANERO DISTINTO DE TAIWAN, PENGHU,
KINMEN Y MATSU - Preguntas y respuestas - ESTADOS UNIDOS.
(16/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0932 MF. 036.
Spec(94)020
PROYECTO - INFORME DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DE
BULGARIA.
(31/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0955 MF. 039.
Spec(94)020/Rev.01
PROYECTO - INFORME DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DE
BULGARIA - Revisión.
(28/10/94) E. F. S.
94-2223 MF. 040.
(25/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0921 MF. 000.
Spec(94)022
PROYECTO - INFORME DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA RENEGOCIACION DE
LAS CONDICIONES DE ADHESION DE POLONIA.
(31/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0956 MF. 038.
- 4 - Spec(94)022/Add.01
PROYECTO - INFORME DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA RENEGOCIACION DE
LAS CONDICIONES DE ADHESION DE POLONIA - Addendum.
(14/07/94) E. F. S.
94-1464 MF. 001.
Spec(94)022/Corr.01
(31/05/94) E.
94-0960 MF. 000.
Spec(94)023
GRUPO DE TRABAJO DE LA RENEGOCIACION DE LAS CONDICIONES DE
ADHESION DE POLONIA - LISTA DE REPRESENTANTES.
(09/05/94) E. F. S.
94-0979. 008.
Spec(94)024
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE MAYO DE 1994.
(06/06/94) E. F. S.
94-1189 HF. 004.
Spec(94)025
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS TIPOS DE LECHE EN
POLVO - COMITE DEI, PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A LAS MATERIAS GRASAS
LACTEAS - COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS QUESOS -
Proyecto - Informe de la quincuagésima octava reunion (13 de
junio de 1994).
(12/07/94) E. F. S.
94-1447 MF. 024.
Spec(94)026
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 30 DE JUNIO DE 1994.
(06/07/94) E. F. S.
94-1439 MF. 004.
Spec(94)027.
ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - LISTA DE CUESTIONES RELATIVAS A LA
ADHESION - Comunicaciones de Australia, el Canadà, las
Comunidades Europeas, los Estados Unidos, el Japón, Nueva
Zelandia y Suiza.
(22/07/94) E. F. S.
94-1528 MF. 007.
-5- Spec(94)027/Corr.01
ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - LISTA DE CUESTIONES RELATIVAS A LA
ADHESION - Comunicaciones de Australia, el Canadà, las
Comunidades Europeas, los Estados Unidos, el Japón, Nueva
Zelandia y Suiza - Corrigendum.
(15/08/94) E. F. S.
94-1671 MF. 001.
Spec(94)028
ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO Leyes y Reglamentos promulgados o
revisados recientemente.
(14/07/94) E. F. S.
94-1459 MF. 002.
Spec(94)029
PRESUPUESTO COMPLEMENTARIO PARA 1994 - FINANCIACION SUPLEMENTARIA
PARA 1994 COMO CONSECUENCIA DE LA DECISION DE CREAR LA
ORGANIZACION MUNDIAL DEL COMERCIO.
(27/07/94) E. F. S.
94-1542 MF. 007.
Spec(94)029/Rev.01
(27/07/94) E.
94-1554 MF. 000.
Spec(94)030
ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - Descripción de los sectores de
servicios (incluidas las telecomunicaciones, los seguros, la
banca, las operaciones con valores, el transporte aéreo y el
transporte por carretera).
(05/08/94) E. F. S.
94-1591 MF. 008.
Spec(94)031
ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - Acuerdo Especial de Cambio.
(22/08/94) E. F. S.
94-1696 MF. 005.
Spec(94)031/Add.01
ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - Acuerdo Especial de Cambio -
Addendum.
(19/05/95) E. F. S.
95-1332 MF. 001.
- 6 - Spec(94)032
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL TERRITORIO ADUANERO
DISTINTO DE TAIWAN, PENGHU, KINMEN Y MATSU - LISTA DE
REPRESENTANTES.
(26/07/94) E. F. S.
94-1658. 018.
Spec(94)033
ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - Lista de cuestiones relatives a la
adhesion - Respuestas preliminares dadas por el Taipei Chino a la
Lista de cuestiones relatives a la adhesion el 26 y 27 de julio
de 1994.
(11/08/94) E. F. S.
94-1667 MF. 021.
Spec(94)034
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE JULIO DE 1994.
(05/08/94) E. F. S.
94-1664 MF. 004.
Spec(94)035
CONSEJO INTERNACIONAL DE LA CARNE - Trigésima reunion - Proyecto -
Informe.
(22/08/94) E. F. S.
94-1697 MF. 011.
Spec(94)035/Corr.01
CONSEJO INTERNACIONAL DE LA CARNE - Trigésima reunion - Proyecto
de informe - Corrigendum.
(06/09/94) E. F. S.
94-1812 MF. 001.
Spec(94)036
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE AGOSTO DE 1994.
(12/09/94) E. F. S.
94-1859 MF. 004.
Spec(94)037
ADHESION DEL TERRITORIO ADUANERO DISTINTO DE TAIWAN, PENGHU,
KINMEN Y MATSU - Compromisos iniciales sobre el comercio de
servicios.
(28/09/94) E. F. S.
94-1920 MF. 083.
- 7 - Spec(94)037/Rev .01
ADHESION DEL TERRITORIO ADUANERO DISTINTO DE TAIWAN, PENGHU,
KINNEN Y MATSU - Compromisos iniciales sobre el comercio de
servicios - Revision.
(18/10/94) E. F. S.
94-2081 MF. 000.
Spec( 94)037/Rev .02
(14/12/94) E.
94-2781 MF. 000.
Spec( 94)038
CONSEJO INTERNACIONAL DE PRODUCTOS LACTEOS - TRIGESIMA PRIMERA
REUNION - Proyecto de informe.
(11/10/94) E. F. S.
94-2045 MF. 009.
Spec( 94)039
ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO - Acuerdo Especial de Cambio.
(04/10/94) E. F. S.
94-1969 MF. 005.
Spec( 94)040
COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS TIPOS DE LECHE EN
POLVO - COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A LAS MATERIAS GRASAS
LACTEAS - COMITE DEL PROTOCOLO RELATIVO A DETERMINADOS QUESOS -
Proyecto de informe de la quincuagésima novena reunion (19 de
septiembre de 1994).
(01/11/94) E. F. S.
94-2288 MF. 029.
Spec(94)041
ADHESION DEL TAIPEI CHINO.
(14/10/94) E. F. S.
94-2076 MF. 004.
Spec(94)042
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 30 DE SEPTIEMBRE DE 1994.
(14/10/94) E. F. S.
94-2095 MF. 004.
- 8 - Spec(94)043
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DE MONGOLIA - Información
relativa a los principales sectores de servicios de Mongolia.
(24/10/94) E. F. S.
-94-2156 MF. 005.
Spec(94)044
INFORME DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL
Proyecto.
(24/10/94)
94-2157 MF.
ECUADOR -
E. F. S.
050.
Spec(94)044/Rev.01
INFORME DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL
Proyecto - Revisión.
(09/12/94)
94-2738 MF.
ECUADOR
E. F. S.
059.
Spec(94)044/Rev.02
INFORME DEL GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL
Proyecto - Revisión.
(18/01/95)
95-0051 MF.
ECUADOR -
E. F. S.
061.
Spec(94)045
ESLOVENIA - ADHESION A LA ORGANIZACION MUNDIAL DEL
Comunicación de Eslovenia.
(24/10/94)
94-2158 MF.
COMERCIO -
E. F. S.
022.
Spec(94)046
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DE BULGARIA -
Bulgaria.
(26/10/94)
94-2180 MF.
Comunicación de
E. F. S.
035.
Spec(94)047
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DE MONGOLIA -
Mongolia.
(31/10/94)
94-2268 MF.
Comunicación de
E. F. S.
003.
- 9- Spec(94)047/Rev.01
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DE MONGOLIA - Comunicaci6n de
Mongolia - Revisión.
(26/07/95) E. F. S.
95-2179 MF. 006.
Spec(94)048
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DE MONGOLIA - Comunicaciân de
Mongolia.
(02/11/94) E. F. S.
94-2305 MF. 013.
Spec(94)049
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE OCTUBRE DE 1994.
(10/11/94) E. F. S.
94-2403 MF. 004.
Spec(94)050
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LOS ACUERDOS DE LIBRE COMERCIO DE LOS
ESTADOS MIEMBROS DE LA AELC CON LA REPUBLICA CHECA Y LA REPUBLICA
ESLOVACA - Proyecto de informe.
(18/11/94) E. F. S.
94-2472 MF. 008.
Spec(94)051
PROYECTO DE INFORME DEL COMITE DE COMERCIO Y DESARROLLO A LAS
PARTES CONTRATANTES.
(25/11/94) E. F. S.
94-2551 MF. 019.
Spec(94)052
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 30 DE NOVIEMBRE DE 1994.
(08/12/94) E. F. S.
94-2726 MF. 004.
Spec(94)053
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE DICIEMBRE DE 1994.
(31/12/94) E. F. S.
94-2965 MF. 004.
Spec(94)053/Rev.01
ESTADO DE CONTRIBUCIONES PENDIENTES AL 31 DE DICIEMBRE DE 1994.
(15/02/95) E. F. S.
95-0328 MF. 004.
- 10 - Spec( 94)054
GRUPO DE TRABAJO SOBRE LA ADHESION DEL TERRITORIO, ADUANERO
DISTINTO DE TAIWAN, PENGHU, KINMEN Y MATSU - LISTA DE
REPRESENTANTES.
(21/12/94) E. F. S.
94-2966. 012.
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GATT Library | yn694px6317 | Speech by Dr. Diego Luis Molinari, Chairman of the Delegation of Argzntina, delivered at the Plenary Meeting on 2 December 1947 | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 3, 1947 | Department of Public Information Press and Publications Bureau Havana Cuba and United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment | 03/12/1947 | press releases | Press Release ITO/106 and ITO/73-194/CORR. 1 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/yn694px6317 | yn694px6317_90200372.xml | GATT_155 | 5,561 | 33,429 | U N I T E D N A T I O N S
Conferenec on Trade and Employment
Department of Public Information
Press and Publications Bureau
Havana Cuba
Press Release ITO/106
3 December 1947
SPECH BY DR. DIEGO LUIS MOLINARI, CHAIRMAN OF
THE DELEGATION OF ARGZNTINA, DELIVERED AT THE
PLENARY MEETING ON 2 DECEMBER 1947
My first words must be an expression of thanks to the Cuban
people and Governmnent for the splendid and cordial r caption they
have given to the International Conference on Trade: and Employment.
I have listened most carefully to the speches made from this
platform on generall considerations regarding the Charter that we
havel to study and approve , and I confess that I feel somewhat
subdued; for the wealth of knowledge and of ideas displayed in
all these speeches reduces my napabilities to such small.
proportions that I rear I shall not be able to perform the task
new before me as vieil as I should wish. So it is in ail modesty
that on bohalf of the Argontine Deiegation I now speak on the
Charter in general terms.
I cannot repeat the arguments adduced by the many magnificent
speakers we have heard, because- in some resptects they have
e-xhaustod the subjact and I do not wish to be redundant either in
genral or in particular considerations. But if I find it
necssary to offer this magnificent intc.rnationol ussc.ubly a viow
of the world as the Arggntirn Dlegeation seas ii, and tho present
ettitude- of the Argcitine Rerublic to the principal problems of
the economic and Social Orgeaniziàtion of the world and of our oWn
country, I have nevertheless takcn the eloquent st.tcments of the
Daiugate of Uruguay, which com.?lete the cycle started by the
(more) ITO/1O6
Page 2,
Dlegate of Colombia, very much to hurt and I see that wa must
indeed keep abreast oa the world events confrornting us, if 'ae are
not to c' unduly when ive come to consider the special case OIf the
Charter that wo have to study and approve. VWhcncc have we como
and whithcr are, we going? What has been the past and what will
bo the future? It has already becan said that aur gencration lias
wvitncssed two cruel world wars and it has fallen to my lot on both
occasions, nviing to the public responsibility I borc at thu wish
oa ay fellnw-countrymen, to be a participant in, and a witness to,
the enormous human sacriices and thcir consequences.
We have come hnro in tho full conviction that Wc, faco tho
possibility of a third world war. It is no use trying to ignore
tha obvious. We should ponder dasply, wiith a profound sensor oai
civic and personal responsibility, on our attitude to the problems
that have to be solv-ud here. In the first war, as in this ona,
the multitudes unanimously proclamaca their faith in the griant
ideals formulated in his day by Wilson and in our own primarily by
Roosevalt, It was on 6 January 1941 that tha Prosidunt of tho
United States of North America, of unforgettable ne m~;ry, spoke his
famous words concerning tho Four Frcedoms;. the third of those hs
fraedoi. from want, wlLich in current parlance means the conclusion
oa _co-nomic agreements assuring all nations of a peacciul and
sacurc lif? for thcir peoples in whatever part of the world. And
the morc humanity, amid its cruel sacrifices, saw how the
foundation ?of civilization vwrc baing undermined, the mare
firmly established did thesa principles and ti±is ideal oa
resistance to evil beconie. In Aueust 1941, the Atlantid Charter
dctcined still more precisely tbe eoal wc all had to rGach. VWith
what happinEtss and rejoicing did the hopeiful multitudes taka arns
(more ) IT0/,106
in the bllicf that thy would achieve a world of poacc, lova and
co-operation. Point 4 of tho A.tlantic Chartcr status that: IThc
will cndcavour, with due respect for thoir existing obligations,
to fur'thar tho enjoyncnt by all States, groat or small, victor or
vanquished, af access, on equal terms, to the tradeoand to thc
raw materials oa the world which are nccded for their economic
prosperity', .
The fif'th point states that: 'IThcy desire to b ring about
the fullest collaboration between all nations in the economic
field, with the object of sücurin- fir ail improved l abour
standards, Gconomic advanced nt and social socurityll. Finally,
the seventh point states that :"Such. a -ceac should enable a11
men to traverse tIha higli sas and oceans without hindrance". And
while suffcring humanity contemplated the approaching end, the
principlEs recalled to-day on this platform wore approved in the
San Francisco Charter of 26 Tune 1945. That was but yesterday.
It wvas resolved to promote social progrcs,; and bEtter standards
oa lifc' in larger freodoa and to employ international machinery
for the promotion of the economic and social advancement ai ail
pXoples. Thc whole process which is to-day culminatine, in thac
Havana Confe'rence is the result of past events that I shall
prcscntly describe,
The Draft Charter bi'fore us, which pursues this idoal policy
and clear purpose, includes these words : "(2) To foster and
assist industrial and general economic develaopment, particularly
of those ccuntrios which arc still in the aurly stages of
industrial developnamnt, -und t?' ;ncourugo; th(, international flow
oa capital ior productive investincnt, (3) Ta further tha
onjaoyment by all countries, on cqual ta rms, of access to the
(More ) ITO/l10
Page 4
marrkets, products and prnducriv-v facilities, which aLrc nedcdod
for the-ir economic prosperity and devclopmnint". In this passaco
I stress particularly a phrase which dous not appear i-n the
speech on the Four Froedoms, or in the Atlantic or San Francisco
Charters. I émphasi.zù the prose-nco of this new principle which
brings us face to face; with reality.
The ideal has not faded, but the reality appears with
shining clarity and thore is no conccaling it.
As wc sce it, this Havana Draft Charter says that wc must
encourage the international flow of capital for productive
investment. We arc thus confronted vith capitalism. Is this a
Charter for planning the economy of peace or a Charter for the
establishment of a prevwar economy? Tliat is the first sari-us
question for us Argentines. There is no doubt at all about the
attitude of our people, and cof our Governrmnt; the well-klnown
speech recently delivered by our President General è.J.Peron,
advocating a campaign of pace and spi-itual disarmae-cnt
throughout the world, defines our position. Our dsirc is for
an cconomy of peace, harmony and co-apc-ration betwocn thc nations,
nrot an economy that wili open the door to a new war. Thc facts are
as they are and not as we might wish to disguise or conceal thec.
Th-e -e;rld of to-day, which is apparently dividE-d into tvio
irreconcilable groups, offers us thrc alternati-v types of
econoinie system to which to conform: the Capitalist systeif,
bas ,d on individualism; thE Totalitarian system basGd on economic
dictatorship; and tio Socialist systcm based on thc harmonicus
vworki-ng of principles which do not appear to bc contradictory.
There is no country that really applies any one of thesE systems
onc hundred par cent, but it is plain that if tnis clause of the
(more) ITO/105
Page 5
Charter were applied, the line of advance proposed would be
toward individual capitalismI and for us Argentinc;s this is
impossible, bocaus- we consider jconomics and society as an
integral wholc, bocuse we knovw our. responsibilities as a pooplc
towards the word and towards the masses who toil, suffer and
hope4. We believe that economic government and political govcrnonet
should not bo separate and in different hands, but that in the
integral concept of domocracy, cconoinic and political Sgovorn.mcent
arc tho functions of onc and the samc power. That is th fuenda-
mer.tal concept of the RcvcQlution of 4 June 1943, vwhi ch guides The
mo-ement now in progress in my country; thcre is no hu:iab force
to-day that cen tura us from this policy, except a world disaster
oxtendi ng to my country, and we will rot renource economic ccntrcl
of the life of our peooplo anad our ration. This is il acccçrdance
with. the freely ex.prrsscd will of the citizens 0f my country vjh^
are Tepresented by a giverrmeat which nothing and nobody can
overthrow exc ept by force.
What have been the pra-ctical results'of tais revolution?
In thc- first place, we have nationalized the control of currency,
credit and exchange. The Contrai Bank, a sui gc:neris private
institution by virtue of a woll-kr.own decision of the former
Supreme Court of Argontine, is novw a Co.ntral Bank of tho nation,
that is to say of the Argentine poople. Currency, credit and
excliange arc controlled and directed as a function of the national
ecoro.y. 'No shall not abandon this policy. We have safrOuarded
the wvhole transport system by thu creation of a merchant navy, the
acquisition of the railways owned by foreign corporations aad the
creating of an air fleot; and to this we have iiriked up thc system
(more) IRO/106
Page 6
of freichts and insurance. WYe h.ve assumcd responsibility for
marketing a11 tha products of Arentine as a function of tiC
national icoanmy anrd wo shall take collective control of al1
general elements Of ouar econo my, such as powor. Bankiing is, es
I have said, a. national concern, The nationaliz&tion of the
baunks in which, for instance, Austral.ia is now eine;cd, is ac
accomplished fact in my country; for it is obvious that currency
and credit are essential and primary factors in ccor-omics anid
trade. It is futile to speak of progressive economics if thore
is no curfurncy control, What sort of -icture does the world
currency situation present?
Betwec-n 1875 and 1914, thâc peoples of the v.jorld succeeded
by constart efforts in unifyirg the monetary syst-nc. Thcç war cf
1914 disrupted that unity, which was not subsequently
re-established; The wer of 1939 found the world in a stata of
penury and unrest owing to circumstances vihich I need not aCnalyza
now, but which will certainly have to be analyzed at a world
monetary conf erence. The enti:rc; world is living undcr tha dollar
sign, Owing to a dislocation, -which I vilil not analyze h.era, most
of the world1 s available gold is now 1rn a fortress in tho United
Statcs of America that is a niost serious problem, It is usC-less
to discuss intairnatioral trade if m.on-y is not givan the nuccssary
flazibility to fulfil, by its intrinsic and extrinsic value, the
functions it should fulfil in the exaionga af goods and scrviçcs.
the ;voriat s uujia to be concentrated in tne hninds of
It is impossible for nc-arly all af/a single power without % trade
bûing re-tarded and the nations suffering while humar-ity hopc-s for
better ties. Argentine economy shows no deficits, as will
presently be sean, and aur dollar shoptag>e is of no great
importance; but this is not the case in all countries of the world
(aora ) ITO/106
Page 7
This problo;. must bu dcalt vaith so2z.'Ow, if not by practical
nGicsurCs at this Confrcr.cns a t least by a vote rucoa, endin, the
calling of a Viorld Mcnet2ry Coniîeruicù.
Durin- tha war, the gçnorous assistance givon by tho tTnitad
States through "lmend Lcasc" sustained the cfforts of nearly ail
the peopIls of thc world Vilo -wre 'fighting for frcedom and
democracy. With the oxcoption of ïirgentina, thorc is no country
in this continent which did rot sharri in II,ç-Ld L aasc' aid. 'Wc
arc not concerned in it, but this wvas not thic kind oe aid thc
nations rcouirod for thc time vJhcn pc.acc wus esteblishod. .,
starting point and a goal had to bù provided in advance if wc viero
not t.i find oursc;lvEs, ivhun peaca came, in tho s2me position as
in 1918.
Forcsaeing this situation, tho Unitc-d Kingdom and tho United
States of Amc-rica concluded a pact of mutual assistance in
February 1942, Thu Information Dopartmunt of the British Efbassy
et 3uenos 2,iras in its nûws bulletin o 7 November 1947 - only a
ftvj days agn - disclosed, in an article on tho Havuna Conftrcnco-,
the yeant which was the sT:arting point of this contfrcncc. Our
knowlcdgu is confined to this publication issued by the British
Embassy in our country. Thc proposal was the first stop tcwards
thc removal of trad barriers and tho establishment of ar.
expanding world economy. Tho concept oe this new ccon3my was
formulated for the first timG in tht pact o' mutual assistance
concluded between Great Britain and thG Unitcd St2tes in Februar-
1942, in -vvhich both parties undertook to viork for the expansion o-'
production by thc application of internatiornal and doncstic
measures appropriate to a policy of full employment and the
oxchanga of consumer goods, and ols,' for tho elimination of all
(more) ITO/106
Page 8
forns of discrimination in international tradaa and the reduction
of customs tariffs and other trad, barricrs. For almost four
ycars thr plan was kaPt in-rcserva until, in Dacamber 1945)
Great Britain and the TJnitcd States annoupccd thair intntion of
organizing.a Corifî-renco o; Trado and.Eaploymnict.
This was the starting point : the pact of mutual assistance
bctvY1cen the two great industrial nations of the world, But timo
flics and lifu goas or.; n.o on, can fcretall îhat rmay happen in
thei world in 24 hours time. Thc idoal econoraie policy was cnc
thing; pDiactical implzn-ntation vas. arotiier and tha problCim
th-t hava arisen are avichanirg the- countries that bezxr thG
responsibility at this hour in the history of civilization, to
tha nacd for world economic reconstruction., That is the reason
for the twe plans that arç in force and in course of x-xcution
theD Marshall Plan, ref'arred to by the r eprGsentativC of France,
dmd the DIolotov Plan. One is based on an economy of tho monaotary
typc and the othor on a natural or batrtcr eco'nony. i`o onb c;rn
remain indiffirant to this universal proj-ct of reconstruction;
lut zach assumed thE responsibility devolving upon hin throughout
thc stages that have to bo complctcd bcforc tha final &oal is
rarchCda Whilc the, Marshall and Molotov Plans arc beino, put
into eCff'ict, thc ;ngpntinc Rupublic has produced, viithin thc
confineUs of its modest resources and limited opportunities, a
plan known as tho Peron Pl=n. Undcr the -orcsent Cconormjic systcra
oi Airgntina, thc international financial and economic oligarchs
do not, and vwill not, play any part in our economy; international
prices> which are mnrc- cuctations chalked or. a board, can n.1
longer be controlled by the oligarchs and by tho agroasionts of
international financial and economic confùaronces. This has given
(more) ITO/106
rise to two arguments against the. Peron Plan and its execution.
First, that we are spceulating on the hunger of the peoples, and
secondly that we are exploiting our productive classes.
As regards thE exploitation of our productive classes, this
is a mistaken assertion by a 'aw persons in very high positions,
tor neyer the workers in town and country h:-d a higher standard
of living. Nsver before have the industrialists mrde such rich
profits as they do now, under an oconoinic system that docs not
eliminate private arnterprisc but roducos it to its just ard
propa;r place within thù nation. Tho fact is that international
prides arc no longer undcr t ha6 control of the oligarchs, as fur
as Argentino products arc concerned. Tho oligarchs control the
prices of cotton, wool, rneat, cereals axid metals, giving theni
stoclnmarket prices, whereas vic fix an ceonomie prico because wc
follow an established formula - the economy of peoples
co-operating on a reciprocal basis of oquality ot treatment. I1
thc delegates will remember that phrase, all tho rcst viill bc
self-cxplanatory. We have helped the nations in accordance
with the Gospel precept that t hû lcft hand should nom kcnow what
tihe right is doing, and nove that we are accused of exploiting
their hunger we wish to givG a fivw figures so that delegates
may fter a partectly clear judgement on our position.. The
Rpublie of Airgcntina has made thù following gifts viithout
compensation oe any kind : Fifty thousand tons oe wvheat to
Finland ; twenty thousand to Norway in 1940; fifty-one thousand
to Greece; onîi hundrod thousand to Fr.ncc in 1944; fivo thousand
tons of msat te France in 1944; five; million pesos worth of food,
clothing, medical and miscellansous supplies to the Holy Sec in
1944; one hundred and fifty thousand tons of whoat to the Pool
in 1944. In 1945 wo gave one hundred thousa.nd tons of what to
(more) ITO/ 106
Page 10
Italy; forty thousand to Ncrway; five thousabd quin als to thc
Rad Cross; three hundred and fifty pe sos for individual reliez' of
Franch prisoners in Luxembourg; more than half a million tons of
wheat and live thousand tons of woat, werth thrc hundred and
twelvs million pesos, for childrents relief which, a-ddd to thc
velue et tl-e other aid giv en amounts to a total of threc hundred
amd e;ightc-n million pasç%s, or nearly ninoty-fivo million dollars.
We will givo more if we can, and we are prepared to giv< cverythig
that Lrgentina possesses if a time, cornes when tho frccdora of tha
o-prcsscd people of this ivorld is et stake.
Three -is a ditterance bctwer± the prices paid to tho farmer
and those quoted by banking houses on the international markcot.
That is truck. Theç tf act is that previously this difftrenc_ in
price wcnt to the international financial oligarchy, vihbre-s it
now reechs the Arentine people in thé form ot rclif i and !cens
for reconstruction., as wv shall prcscntly sec. Ncvyr again in
mey country will the oligarchy takc th_ product of thc sewant of the
toiling masses for its oivn.
Ho;' havs via contributcd to reconstructior through tha Peron
plan? I an not speaking of promises but of facts, of vwhat has
actually betn accoaplished and aerforrcnd. In the .irst placc,
wçe have a universal concept. Wc adapt ourselves to the fino
words and the beautiful idcal which. I recalled a moment ago. The
Argcntine peopl, hava a gcneerous spirit of which no-onc can
deprive thcm, bDcauso it is of thfi cssonc; of their boing. Wc do
not lay out cur surpluses as capital for productive invcstmcnt
beyond our frontiers, but as part of a policy of economic
coaoperaticn between the pcoplcs; the facts to, which I shail now
ratefr confirm this statei:ent. up to the pruscnt, A'rgcntiiia has
granted credits amounting ta one thousand onc hundred and fitty-ono
(moro) ITO/106
Page 11
million dollars, Do not forest, Gentlelmen, that we are a nation of
sixteen million inhabitants; not the largest, not the richest, not
the strongest, but one among the brotherhood of nations. nur strengtY
is in the hand that guides the plough, cur eyes on the sun and on the
land, that welcomes thzG seed to yield a rich harvest. I give these
figures to show ycu what kind cf people we are: To Belgium, a credit
cf one hundred and ten million pesos grantted by the Central Ba-r.
on reciprocal current account at J4 per cent interest for one year,
subject to tacit rcnewal. I cannot forget what Irigoyen sail about
Belcium in 1929: in Argentine financial language, the term. "tacit
renewal" m.cans that Belgium will pay whcn and hcw she can. To Spain,
three hundred and fifty million pesos cn current account; loans of
four hundred millions through the I.-FI (.rgcntinD Institute for the
Promotion of Trade) which, as will be sean, are mnacic initials. The
credits t^ Spain were at 2-3/4 per cent on current account and at
3-3/4 par cent for a period of three years, which may be prolonged
until 31 October 1951, The i-an was for twenty-five years. To Chi.le,
through IIPI, under an agreement concluded but not yEt ratified,
one hundred millions at 3-1/2 per cent on current account for a
period of three years; thr4ophunJEd illiOIv at 4 ueroent fIr 'ifty
years; a lcan of three hundred millions at 3-3/Y par cent for
twenty-five years. To Bolivia, fifty millions on current account
at 3i- per cent over a period of three years; one hundred millions
at 4Y per cent; a loan of six hundred millions at 3-3/4 per cent;
a twenty-five 7ear 10an of fifty millions at 3i per cent. To Finland
seventy-five millions on current account at 3f par cent for five
years, rising to paper cent as front the fifth year until the loan
is redeemed. Tc France, six hundred millions on current account at
between 1- and 3 par cent for a period of three years, which may be
prolonged mntil 31 December 1951. To Czechoslovakia, twenty millions
on current account through the Central Bank at 3 per cent for one
(MORE) ITO//16
Page 12
year. To Rurumania, whose absence fronxr this Cenforencec we canriet und;r-
sta',nd on hundred and ten millions on current ~account at 3-. per cent
for three years. To Italy, three hundredand fifty millions orn
current account and a loan of three hundred and fifty millions at
2-3/1+ and 3-3/4 ter cent respectively,
This is what we have Bone for world reconstruction, For us
thore are not two worlds; we have a spirit of universality that reachc
upward, for our gaze is directed towards heaven and net towards the
lands of others. In view of the world currency shortage, all these
loans, with a few exceptions, have been made in the currency of the
country concerned, nct in dollars. I amn speaking to people who under-
stand this better than I do. We shall be unable to reccnstruct the
a
world without the basis of/generous economic s-ystein of international
co-cperatione. We look rouni us and we bi*lieve that if the nations
arise in the desire to be fras and voluntarily give what they can,
we shah1 banish the spectre cf war for, evir. The whoee world will
livxe in peace an, brotherhecd. What I have heard here has filled èe
with disriay, for it seems to be a chorus of lamentaticns rather than
a scng cf hope. Argentina did not have the honour to be present at
Lon-cn ora t Geneva,-and.I am going tc admit the truth. When we re-
ceived the invitation te this Conference we hesitated, because if it
is te produce the world's Charter cf trade and employment, it repre-
sents hurmanity1s greatest hope at this moment. W/e had tc attend; we
could not be absent. Buteour presence here loes not imply that we
accept the Charter as an accomplished fact. Its origin, cdrafting and
character m2ak this impossible, because the Charter is a legal instru-
ment for the establishmentt of a universal economiic systrn. and wes, zs
representatives of sovereign States, do not constitute a.world
parliament, but an assembly ef indivi duals negotiating on equal terms,
with their respective governm-ents and peoples behind them.
(MORE) ITO/lO6
Page 13
It vaould be useless to adopt withoutt question a Chiarter that
vould not be ecceptcd by our parliamrants or by those who sent us
her c liWTe hava to adapt the idealistic hopcs of all the nations
to tre;sent realities. are nre fot hbre to imipose a point of vicv
but to reconcile it with reality. But wc niust remain on firm
ground. Anywnc who goos further will bc acconiplishing something
that muy be pu'rfcct from the acadamnic point of vicw, but will be
usclass frora the point of vicw of his country. Is this a world
asscm.bly or is it not? Essentially it is. Tho .nbsenco of such
countrio-s as Spain rnakcs itself feit, tho absence of sul' Uunurtric
ns Russia is to bc daplorod for we beliovo that it is still
possible to establish harmonious relations between tho peoples of
the earth; and we zrc:mtines are recy to iake any material or
zoral s-crifice if, order ta cstablist 1cstinc pe-co in tho world,
for vwi'thout pe c:c thllre is no ocoriS systcri nr. wealt'h, 1no trcdC
th-r.e is enly blood, sw-vaat and tears.
in dealing ;ith basic ;cononîic fîectors, tho Chùrter, in its
rc-lish ancd rùrnch tc.t, zakus usa of n difficult tcrmnology.
Officin-lly, thc onlyn;UneC I know is Sp^.nish, so allowiL to
mna<e a su ,g:stion at this point. IIr. PrWsidcat, vwC would avoid a
êreat deal of t roubla if Spanish wjzero uscd, once anc for al, as
it oulht to be used in th is Coir.ferex±ce on Emrloym:ent (p2olon-od
applaus c). Why maka usc of difficult terXninolcy? Thc Zn-,lish
te;t says, IpriLiary cormnoditios" -,hila th, Frcnch t;xt, translated
literally, says "basic products. What Lr<e these products or
connioditics? iLre they agricultural products, cattle products,
gcnercl products or what? Viec do not undcrstc.nd acai other. ;.
short time eago I road an exccllant bock in which a wholc chapter
was d eoted to explaining the raenning of th- t;r.ms ciployEd and
how nhcy should be defined in order to bc understood. In thi
maouth cf a hungry man, bread is an ass ntial product, but hoVJ is
(more ) brcad produced? Without wheat there is no broad, but in order
to have wheet the leigh and the harvester arce required..
EvWrything is included in the logical soquonce ot the production
cyclc. Th,. idea must be broadaned and tho terzs must bc suttltd;
and if' tho international oligarchs try to fix the price of what
without.fixing the price 'o a plough, wc must fix it economically
because the oi wheat dcpcnds on tho technical process
enmployud and on the cost ot that process, which conscqucntly
govrns the pricc of brend.
The social positicr of the peoples oe the world has bcGn
prcsentcd hEre with grcat cloqucnec. I shall not rovcrt to this
matter. But is it possible for one i.rorit to suppose that w can
talk of deployment without mnntioninp the rights of the wVorkers?
Lt this viry £1ent, the UnitDd Nations is trying to draw up a
charter of universal huran rights, but vhat, in point of acit, al
thc rin hts ot the workerr? It is usclcss to talk in particular oi
v:erkcors eflr.pleycd i!. une sir f4o- ti1i.d - that of export - whcn wc
should b;- censidc'nin the t.ours strt,;e tc ïr. its iïelhicatior
Thus, on 9 Jury 1Q`, w'hcn attor ora v;-.an - ccnt..rjo e political
ind;7prnauUnoce, tha eceon.o.-c indcprcndcac e oi: cy nry w^s proclaim
_.c.d at luceunin, Gonerol rvro drow up thu Wu car:ntml Statut oet
Werkar-.O, s7 S1~ht.'s, `-';ich vc ro-pose; sh;ou d be o e rLiicdi ia th Tr c
-und ~rp Vrnt Ch r r.
Ls for thu productl-.e investnirnt 5D ci f al, Ict us turn
bfock to our previous review. If we lina not h.ad cov:r.rcial
eriSanization like the IAPI - thosc magci initials - nonre oe thesc
lbans wculd have been possible occause the profit would have gonc
to tho international octopuses. Instead of ecor.onlic relations
with a country granting loans, knowring that it niay perhaps only
(noiera ITO/106
Page 15
recover the; IatG, in part, or not at ail, wc should havc scen tho
hand cf Shylock clutching the hcart of zne world' s hungry multitu-
de's, It has beon possible for LtI to mnd productivity
irvcstniar:ts for the capital it has accumulated, because wej arc
roCemr.ing all our estcrnal dobt. Vk ara acquiring tho railways
and the tilophonc systeir; we are building our merchant flet; we
nrc constructing great dams to provide povewr from ';JwhitE coal";
wo arc building roads, schools and hospitals and supplying brcad
for hungry mouths throughout tha world.
Thc ch;ptcr on cconciic dcvalopmcnt sets a task of e xtra-
ordinary importance. Wc; ourselves aakc no mistake about the
aconornic facts of the world. Thero a;r subordinate economie-s of
the a GrJcultural, cattl-raisinc- nind minirig types Th; r arc th_
subordinate aconomifs of countries whose industries are crly
bejinnin<, and do not produce capital ,,oods. Then, aboya all
thcse, thcre is thre fre cconoiey of couatrios with great
production in;;iustrics and rich in capital goods. That is the
s ituation.
=;rentina is no longer the laLd of milk and honrcy it vwas a
century ago. Sinca 1942, the earrings of our industries have buen
grXatar than tac combined earnings of our agriculture and cattle-
raising. 1942 wias the critical ysar, but wc; arE still cconomic-
ally subordinate because we dc net Liroduce capital coods. W. are
al! rcprescnted at this Confarence the plantation-typo
courtrics living undar the colonial systeni, the countries weith an
agricultural, cattle-raising or mining ccnromy, those with
nrcizi,-nt industries and thosa viith larga-scala industries. I
givc this explanation in ordcr to point out the social effects
of this economic structure. Wal0 'are advancing towards an
(neora) ITO/106
Page 16
all-embracing democracy which is graduually being consolidctod
throu-hout the world. No re-olution was greater or riorc fiar-
renching than the revolution of 1769 whose prograî=o is still
net coraplEtod because, sidc by side with this clarmorous revolt,
thire was tho gr:at c;conaoiic and industrial revolution. Wc savi
the tragedy of derocracy in the political fiold and of financial,
acono-nic and social oligarchy. For Lrgcntina, Junc 1945 ncant
rccovery and liberation and wo cnterod fully into this universal
n.ovarent that marches evcr triumphantly onwaiad to thc goal cf
our ideals We have nothing to add to thc Four Frccdonms or to
the .ïtlantic Chartcr, Except to givc our blood, if that be necdcd,
to establishh the rulc of liberty and lavw. It is because this
Cernfcreinca can have r.c universal leal standing unless the right
to vote is sprcilfically accorded to ail thosc attending it, that
I sate-d and no;w formally repeat our reservation. (<Lnd i ask our
£0ost conpetc.nt and obliginr irtterpreters to translate this
literzilly).
International trade has its capitalist olicarchies and tin,
copp._r, ritratas, mnat, wool, cotton, ctc., fail under their sway;
a11 are dependent on the oligarchy and wa hava not came here to
ersuro the profits cf traders, but to establish thc frudor1 of the
peoples. There are national institutions like ours, doing work
similar to that of I;PI, which cannot bc wiped out, bcausC it
.would involv- vwiping out the credits already crantcd and
destroying our modest contribution to wvorld reconstruction, VJa
have neo external debt, nor do wc wiih to have ono:, and as our
econcr.y shows ne deficit th_ lacik of dollars docs not inean
disequilibriun, but quite thc contrary, SometiMes I prCfùr net to
Ar tic1es
have money in oréer not to buy. In one of tho most debatcd/of the
Chartsr we sez hovw this systeci works. It is the- article on
(s.ore)j ITO/106
Page 17
most-favoured-nation treatint, I havc not brought with mne a maP
I had, dcr.onstrating the affects of this article geographically ,
but tiIs is briefly what it showed : In thc first place, all the
colonial systems are excludcd from tho provisions of this article-
so miuch Lor thei ,tlaritic Charter2'-ustoms unions formed, or in.
process of formation, preferential systems, countries with cor=ron
economic of historical intercsts, cconoric zones, currency areas
and. noighbouring countries are all excluded. Of course, the
d-,lcgatc of Chile knows that ths frontier butwccn our countries
is a boundary set by God, not in order to s cparate us but in
ordar to mark out for us a region of cormon responsibilities, and
that in this casc he has our full support, Undcr the tcrr.s of this
article, it would scon that the gaograpilical scope is reduced to
such nenrrow limits that, Heavcn help re, I hav7 sormtines imagined
thatt tht only country arfeetad by the article is thc i.r&ent1ne
Republic. W.ic shall hav to spcek in plain, eçvcry-day language.
. sre rar.dy to sacrifice evcrythinS Vwa can hur:£anly sacrifice,
bcause we want an economy bascd on cooperation b;twvcn the
peoples and quality of trcatent, because wo viish the :aost
industrious to be entitled to the full product of thoir labour,
sinca wo respect the work of tho individual within thc frambwork
of a social accnomic structure and not as part cf an economy
&overncd by domestic or foreign oligarchs.
It is because wc want this tha*t we arc hora, and bccausa wc
want to create an organization that is really international, onc
in which cach country has a vote, as is the right cf thi svcrcign
nations cf thi world, Vc ure not concerned here with great or
sraall nations, with powerful or wcak onus, but with parts of thc
world that God cntrustcd to cache nation, tiare te achieve tic
(more) ITO /106
Page 18
happiness of its people, not to coatrivj their oppression. There
is a magie of numbers, like th nagic of initials that I rentionûc
and iii this case the magie of numbars tells us that in this
organization all should bc dc-2locratically cqual. Thora cannot bc.
permanent nonbars, as the delegatn of Uruguay has so oloque-ntly
shewn, and I associate myself with his point of vievi.
Wa shall giva our loyal and cxtcnsive co-oparation and in
the coamittces wa shali consider thc various proposals in detail,
because wc want an effective organization to emerge fro. this
Confiarenca; not a capitalist organization, but ona viiich i&aets
thrt nacds of thc peoples and rcalizes tho supr-..IC idea1 of
mankind. For, let us not ior<t, Gonticrin, that therc can bc
no frc- nen in a nation cnslav3d.
(End of Pross 'Rclnsa ITO/106) |
GATT Library | gh366qt9087 | Speech by Mr. Andre Philip, Head of the French Delegation, delivered before yesterday's Plenary Meeting | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, November 29, 1947 | Department of Public Information Havana, Cuba and United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment | 29/11/1947 | press releases | PRESS RELEASE ITO/73 and ITO/48-73 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/gh366qt9087 | gh366qt9087_90200367.xml | GATT_155 | 2,417 | 14,856 | UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT.
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC INFORMATION
HAVANA, CUBA
PRESS RELEASSE ITO/73
29 NOVEMBER 1947
SPEECH BY MR. ANDRE PHILIP, HEAD OF THE FRENCH
DELEGATION, DELIVERED BEFORE YESTERDAY'S PLENARY
MEETING
The Conference which has just opened in this beautiful City
of Havana differs in two ways front its three predecessors at London,
/preparatory. It is a world conference, whereas the othwtr3 were/
New York and Geneva. It is final whilst the others were/ less compre-
hensive. It is a final conference in the sense that et the conclusion
of our work it will not be possible, as it was at Geneva, to make re-
servations. The text resulting from our discussions will have to be
either accepted or rejected. We must therefore ensure that it can be
accepted by all countries, We must avoid the adoption by bare major-
ity votes or texts unacceptable to a number of delegations.
Our work must be one of compromise, and the French delega-
tion will at all times try to understand the point of view of each
individual nation and will essist in defining the problems involved
with a Maximum of clarity; it will make every effort to find formulas
which bring out the point of agreement and it will try to achieve a
general understanding.
This is a final conference. It is also a world conference
since it includes almost all the nations of the world: I Say almost
all because there are, unfortunately, still some countries not re-
presented in our discussions. We hope, and shall continue to hope,
tha they will later become signatories to the Charter, although they
have not taken part in our work. We do not and will not accept any
breach of world unity. -2- France
ITO/73
Bearing that in mind, we must avoid formulas which might
close the door on some of those who are not now with us; the
texts we adopt must be adaptable to any political system and to
any economic structure, the one condition being that their purpose
is the expansion of production, raising the standards of life of
the people, and expanding. trade generally.
There are two categories among those who are present today:
some who have aIready worked at London, New York and Geneva and
others who are taking part for the first time. I think that has
been a good way to work, to start with a limited group and then
gradually to expand it.
We began working on a text submitted byour American friends
Gradually the text has become more involved and abstruse. Our
American friends no doubt regard the present text as inferior to
their own, whilst we, for our part, think it better but naturally
not as good as one would have been which tool only our Wishes into
account. Obviously, the matter was and still is one of arriving
at a compromise version, taking into account the point of view of
everybody and wholly satisfying nobody, As regards the delegations
which have not taken part in our previous work, they will no doubt
either contribute new points of view, submit fresh arguments in
support of points of view already considered at Geneva, or lay more
stress on a number of problems which have already received our
attention, This means that we must go on doing the same kind of wor
We started with a text which we have gradually built up,
complicated and developed. It is the very same work which we must
continue to do at Havana, if our final goal is to be reached-
one of close study, attempting to understand
(MORE) Page 3. France
ITO/73
the points of view of all concerned to combine them into a single whole.
A number of us were anxious to show that our proposals were made in all
seriousness and that we are not concerned with pious hopes or declarations of
principle, but generally desire to undertake effective commitments. That is
why a number of countries which met at Geneva signed at once, in pursuance of
Article 17 of the Draft Charter requesting the States to enter into negotiations
directed to the substntial reduction of tariffs on a reciprocal and mutually
advantageous basis, a multilateral agreement cavering thousands of different
products and henceforward imposing specific obligations on nations somewhat
experienced in trade matters and representng a substantial volume of interna-
tional trade. There is no question at all of any enforced charter or of a fait
accompli, however, inasmuch as, in addition to the tariff obligations underta-
ken towards the other contracting parties, we have introduced certain of the
articles of the Draft Charter, whilst also specifying that they may be replaced
by the articles of the definitive text prepared at Havana.
That is the task which confronts us during the coming weeks, with the
aim in view of evolving a definitive text. That text must effect a synthesis
of the various aspirations and various needs involved, which at first sometimes
seem to be divergent. I believe that we shall bring that task to a happy conclu-
sion if we know exactly what we want and if we really do want it. There are two
vital points; first, we agree in unconditionally condemning autarky and the na-
tionalistic protection which has been practised only too often by various
countries in the past. We know that the economic development of the world de-
pends on extensive markets, and it is our object to create increasingly exten-
sive markets regionally and internationally, so that each nation may benefit
from the division of labour and the interchange of goods. We do in fact know
that only in that way can every country really benefit from.international trade.
The slump of 1929 proved that individual action, while affording temporary r7-
lief to nations reduced to poverty, was rendered futile by the similar action
it called forth on the part of other countries; and finally the States were
(MORE) Page 4. ITO/73
reduced to brutal wrangling over international trade which was in a state of
continuos decline/ Experience shows that when nations direct their economic
policy towards the achievement of autarky, thair desire to fence themselves off
and to become. as our Angle-Saxon friends say "self-sufficient" results, even
in cases where they have a large internal market, in political as well as eco-
nomic confusion which may even endanger world peace.
It is therefore essential (and this is what the Geneva draft does)
to define the goal we are attempting to reach, namely the expansion of inter -
national trade through the progressive elimination of restrictions and descri-
minations. Our objects is to organize, on the widest and most camprehensive be-
sis pssible, trade between nations puttin into practice the division of labour
and specializing in the type of production for which individually they are best
Me also know that it is not enough to remove obstacles and eliminate
barriers, Old-fashioned liberal optimism of the l8th century, which believed
that everything would come right of itself if the barriers were removed and a
"laissez-faire" policy were practised everywhere, deos not accord with the
facts. Nature is chaotic in itself and if left to itself can only result in
chaos, unless it be successfully regulated. by- the application of principles
devised by human reason.
In the elimination of barriers, therefore regard must be paid
to the transitional measures dictatéd by current realities. Constructive maa-
sures of -et C.- - . a- contemplatad to ensure and to safeguard,
through the.medium of an . international organization, the development of econo-
mic life and the expansion of trade .which we wish to achieve our common in-
The necessity for these transitional measure was particularly stros-
ded during the discussions at Geneva by the unfortunate of countries of Europe,
which has been devastated by war and enemy occupation and which, basides suffe-
ring from the ravages of war, has now, because it was occupied and looted by France
ITO/73
the Germans for years and out off from the rest of the world, to
re-equip its economy, Europe must solve the problem of re-assemb-
ling and remaking its entire productive machine. Moreover, we
h.ve recently encountered new difficulties. Abarrier has been
erected between East and West, and the countries of Wesern Europe
have been compelled to bay from the United States of America a
whole range of products whih they I eviously obtained from another
part of Europe. The result of this situatiorn is an extremely
serious derangement in the balance of payments of all the western
European nations which has been even further aggrravatea by the
catastrophic weather conditions during the past winter and summer.
(MORE ) Page 6 ITO/73
Europe now faces a hard, difficult and unsettled winter;
and there will be serious social and Political crises in the va-
rious countries of that continent, It will be difficult to miain-
tain the combination of order and freedom when the peoples are
suffering and passions are unleashed. Our American friends have
understood that. The idea has found its first expression in the
Marshall -ln, which embodies more than the mere elimination of
barrrier. It also lays down an exact and concrete programme for
reconstruction and development which we in Europe must follow up
by an attempt, which has already been begun, to expand markets by
establishing wider customs unions and by permanent co-operation
between the various nations to effect the allocation of coke, pro-
gress in metallurgy, utilization of the hydro-electric resources
of the Alps, standardization of equipment and specialization of
industries in the various countries in the common interest of Eu-
rope as a whole. We see, howerever, that reconstruction will be
more difficult and more protracted than we had at first thought.
That is why, during the transitional period - and this is what we
achieved in the text resulting from the Geneva discussions - the
inclusion of a number of restrictions and discriminatory measures
will be an essential factor in the reconstruction and the modern-
zation or our productive machine.
That is an absolute necessity, but even in our worst straits,
when we had to overcome the, greatest difficulties, we were anxious,
while maintaining the measures required in the transitional period
to adhere without delay to the principles of the Charter and to
plan with as little loss of time as possible, to put those prin-
ciples into effect and to expand international trade on an in-
creasingly broad basis. Page 7 IT0/73
Besides the transitional measures, there are others of
a permanent character, I have already mentioned some of them.
The representatives of large number of new countries have al-
ready spoken of these problems from this platform and have stres-
scd the importance of the problem of industrialization and eco-
nomic development. Putting into effect a policy of full employ-
ment of capital and. labour not only involves negative measures but
also a positive plan for economic development.
Finally, while most nations are now passing throuh a
general period of poverty and want, it must not be forgotten that
the time willoome when the problem of slumps will again arise. If
we wish to avoid what happened in 1929 - the destruction of the
balance of world economy and a fresh lapse into protectionism on
the part of all nations - we must start now to consider the pos-
sibility of joint action and of an international policy of public
works, in order to be able to solv crises when they arise, so
that the instinctive reaction of every country at the first sign
of a threatened slump will be along international lines not along
the lines of selfish nationalism, Economic balance may be com-
pared, to some extent, to the mechanical balance of a man on a by-
cicle. It is impossible without movement. It can only be
achieved under a general policy of world economic expansion en-
suring the progress and development of all nations everywhere.
To that end, there is no alternative but to realize that
there is an economic community of nations, to co-ordinate the
action taken along these lines by the various States by making it
subject to common rules, and to plan agencies and organs to inter-
pret and apply these rules and gradually to establish agencies for
stabilizing economy in the commercial field, as we are already
beginning to do in the financial field, -8- France
ITO/73
Everything depends therefore on the organization which
emerges from our work on the democratic nature of its structure, its
autonomy and the powers accorded to it.
individual nations will be the more ready to relinquish their
sovereignty and independence, the more they know that they are deal-
ing with a. genuine international law embodying the inter-dependence
of all within a framework of genuine democracy,
Gentlemen, to achieve that end we must, I believe, all work
on a technical and economic level in our various committees; but we
must really will what we want, and that is something which transcends
mere technicalities. We must all be willing, in a spirit of genuine
cooperation, to put aside the complaints or criticisms which we may
have to make against one another. We must all be conscious of our
inter-dependence. We must all be willing to consider the problems
not merely from the standpoint of the interests of our individual
countries or of our national producers, but from the standpoint of
the general interests of consumers throughout the world, for whom
the object is a general rise in the 'standard of living, together
with an expansion of production and a progressively reduced level of
prices.
At the present time, the problems of peace are arising in
conditions which means indescribable suffering for almost aIl peoples.
It may well be impossible to achieve peace on the political and juri-
dical level until an ,agency has been established making possible the
peaceful organization of world economy. In these circumstances I
believe that this Havana Conferonce acquires an immense importance;
the hopes of millions and millions of men are placed on us, and it is
they rather than the Great Powers of the world who form world public
opinion. I hope that in the course of our work we shall alwlays be
vividly and concretely aware that we are in the presence of the hopes
of the peoples, of the millions of men who working and suffering and
hoping that it will not always prove to have been in vain.
* ) * )* ) * |
GATT Library | zb396xq5849 | Speech by Mr. Arthur Bottomley M.P., (Secretary for overseas trai leader of the United Kingdom Delegation to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, Havana | United Nations International Trade Conference, November 25, 1947 | Department of Public Information Havana, Cuba and United Nations International Trade Conference | 25/11/1947 | press releases | Press Release ITO/29 and ITO/1-48 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/zb396xq5849 | zb396xq5849_90200324.xml | GATT_155 | 1,935 | 11,438 | UNITED NATIONS INTERNATIONAL TRADE CONFERENCE
Department of Public Information
Havana, Cuba
Press Release ITO/29
25 November 1947
PLEASE CHECK AGAINST DELIVERY
DO NOT USE UNTIL ACTUALLY DELIVERED
SPEECH BY MR. ARTHUR BOTTOMLEY M.P., (SECRETARY FOR OVERSEAS TRAI
LEADER OF THE UNITED KINGDOM DELEGATION TO THE UNITED NATIONS
CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT, HAVANA.
Mr. President,
It is not my intention to keep the Conference for long at this
stage. All here are conscious of the very important work that lies
ahead and we of the United Kingdom have many problems of our own
to solve, a fact which unhappily will mean that I myself shall not
be able to stay here throughout,
Sut I felt that it would be inappropriate, and perhaps dis-
courteous, if I were to say no word on this significant occasion or
behalf of my country, which has participated from the beginning
in the endeavour culminating in this Conference, an endeavour which
wwes so much to the initiative of the United States. The early
history of this project is well-known, but I should like- here to
recall the special honour, and pleasure, which .was ours to welcome
the First Session of the Preparatory Commi tee to our own dear
London... We now come from, the Second Session at the beautiful city
cf Oeneva to another hospitable city With a beauty all its own,
meeting many old friends and many new ones too in this even wider
and more impressive gathering.
We do well to meet at this time to fund an international trad
organization; for all sur experience in the years between the wars,
the recent years of war, and the last two years, has shown how de-
pendent we: are economically upon each other, Most of our countries
(MORE) - 2 -ITO/29
could not survive at all, and none could lead any but the most
miserably poor existence, without international trade, which enablos
us all to get our varied requirements from wherever they can most
efficiently be grown or rnade. This international specialization
this exchange of goods, has greatly enriched the world - even where
living standards are lowest, they are-far higher than 50 or 100
years ago; but inevitably it has made each one of us economically
dependent in a high degree on ail the others.
Dur mutual dependence can be a great factor either for good
or for ill. This is especially so since international trade exer-,
cises an effect on world prosperity quite disproportionate to its
volume. Nearly 90 per cent of the goods produced in the world are
consumed in the country of their production, and only 10 per cent
or so are traded abroad; but it is that 10 per cent which very
largely determines whether conditions of boom; or of slump, or of
prosperous stability prevail in the world as a whole. Internationa
trade is in fact a channel through which - according to whether
Governments act unwisely or wisely either slump, bankruptcy and
mass unemployrnent or wealth and prosperitv and full employment
can spread from country to country throughout the world.
It is for this reason that strong emphasis has rightly been
laid in the Draft Charter on the maintenance by all countries of a
high level of employment and demand, by means which will help, not
hinder, other countries in doing the same. To do this is well
within the power of any country, whatever its political, social
arid economic institutions; and, even if the rest of the world did
not exist, it would greatly profit any country to do so as a matter
of Sheer self-interest. But, more than this, any one country by
adopting such a policy can further the efforts of others to the
(MORE ) -3- ITO/29
same end, there by helping to create that general prosperity throughi-
out the world without which in the long run no individual country
can prosper.
The employment provisiosn of the Draft Charter, togother with
other suitable measures of international coooreation, should con-
tribute much to reduce the risk of any country pursuing a policy
which creates a major depression, But what if such a depression
should nonetheless occur in one country and threaten to spread
over the whole world? This is a risk against which we must all
protect ourselves, How can we do it?
One way is the way which we all took in the 1930s - the way
of each man for himself, and the devil take the hindmost.. Insted
of taking concerted action to maintain the total volume of inter-
.national trade, we can build high walls of tariff s and import re-
strictions round our borders, and, having thus made sure that the
volume of international trade is halved or quartered, we can
struggle fiercely with others to increase our relative share of
this greetly reduced trade. The mearns to do so are not lacking.
Higher tariffs, import restrictions uneconomic development of new
forms of production that will make one more self-sufficient, re-
striction of production to keep ,prices stable, export subsidies,
competitive currency depreciation; there are all the weapons, and
others, in our economic armories. We learn to use them in the 1930s;
and as happens when everyone takes to using weapons everyone got
severely hurt,
(MORE)
- 3 - ITO/29 -4- ITO/29
United Kingdom
The mistake which we dl made was in failing to see that
there was another, and a much more effective, way cf protecting
each and all of us. As communities have discovered at a cer-
tain stage of their development, there are two ways in which
individuals can protect themselve-. One is to build a high
wall around one' s house and lay in a large stock of weapons;
but walls and weapons are expensive things, and if everyone
else has them one's aim of ensuring peace and order is not
likely to b achieved, The other way is to live as a community,
to set up a Parliament or a council to make, and where ne-
cessary to revise, a set of laws and to provide the means for
interpretation and enforcement of those laws. Every community
has found out sooner or later that this is the only way to
ensure peace and order, and that it costs everyone much less
than do walls and weapons.
It is primarily to bring into bing this concept of secu-
rit~y against economic disorde r through intemational agreement
and cooperation that we are gathered at this Conference. I
am confident that we shall succeed, for all of us have the
strongest of motives for desiring success, We hope that the
Draft Charter prepared in London and Geneva will help to
achieve it. Since the countries which took part in that work
represent economies of every type and at every stage of dev-
elopment, we gained much expérience of the difficulties
which each type of economy feared might arise in reconciling
tneir own legitimate eccnomic intrests with the interests
of the world as a whole. The success achieved in reaching a
solution which, from abroad and statesmanlike viewpoint, was
seen to safeguard the vital economic interests of all, has
been demonstrated to thie world by the substantia, and comp-
rehensive reductions in tariff barriers agreed upon by the -5- ITO/29
United Kingdom
countries adhering to the General Agreement on Tariiffs and Trade.
Those countries have moreover agreed to extend such reductions to
other countries prepared to adherc to the General Agreement and
to make comparable reductions in their own tariff s.
We meet here at a critical time, when the world is exporien-
cing in its acutest form the economic aftermath of six years of
war. This has led to a severe unbalance in the means of internation-
al exchange. The reserves of many countries are severely depleted
and in some cases almost exhausted. This necessita' as an all-out
production effort by each of the countries concerned, combined with
the fullest cooperation between them in furthering each others
recovery programmes. What has happened, in fact, is that post-war
recovery has suffered set-backs and will be a bigger and harder
task than was foreseen at the end of the war,
This has one important consequence for our present discussions.
We have always envisaged a code of long-range commercial policy app-
ropriate to a world fully recovered from var, but previding also for
certain modifications or exceptions to cover the transition period.
It has now become clear that this period will be longer and .more
difficult than we thought, but the Draft Chartr lays down not only
a code of commercial policy but an organization to administer that
code and to adapt it, as necessary, to meet any new situation that
may arise. We can all the more readily play our parts in bringing
the proposed organization into being because of this flexibility
for which it provides.
We in the United Kingdom are at present suffering ?everely
from the immediate difficulties in international trade and finance
to which I have I have referred. Owing largely to rising world
prices for the primary products we import, and to the inability Of
any of our traditional customers to pay us for our exports in
(MORE) -6- ITO/29
United Kingdom
goods we need or convertible currencies with which to buy these
goods elsewhere, we have been temporarily frustrated in our aim of
restoring the free convertibility of sterling and thereby speeding
the return to fully multilateral world trade. We have been com
.pelled to ask our people to produce more goods on lower rations
and with eptier shops; and our friends elsewhere in the sterling
r/
area are also playing their part in safeguading the reserves of
gold and convertible currencies on which we and they depend. The
next year or two will be a hard and unplasant time for usr; but
there is no doubt whatscever that we shall pullthrough.
These temporary difficulties have moreoverr made us in no
way less determined to play our part in rebuilding the mechanism of
multilateral traded as cuickly as world conditions permit The
prosperity of all the other great trading nations of the world de-
pends just as much as our own on stability, expansion, and multi-
lateralism in world trade; but we more than rnost are placed in a
position which keeps this fact constantly before our eyes. We are
and always have been one of the world's larges, importers and ex-
porters, and our trade is of a highly multilateral kind. We have
-always had large deficits in our balance cf trade with many count-
ries and large surplusses with others; the prosperity of a good many
countries deends very largely on our ability to buy their goods
freely and thus in turn on our ability to sell freely not only to
them but to many other countries. We well know therefore how true
us
it is that the prosperity of each of/depends on the prosperity of
us all; and we are indeed glad to be meeting here in Havana with
our friends from so many other countries with the aim of ensuring
and furthering that general prosperity. In our work here, let us
not get deeply involved in economic thecries and technical comp-
lexities; let us always remember that we are dealing not in mere
abstractions, but in realities that will affect deeply the future
happiness and welfare of all the millions of the ordinary men and
women of the whole world. We at this Conference owe it to them to
give of our best in aur work let us strive our utmost for this
great purpose. ############# |
GATT Library | nv970qb0325 | Speech by Mr. D. Christie Tait, Representative of the International Labour Organization 21 November 1947 | November 20, 1947 | 20/11/1947 | press releases | Press Release ITO 3 and ITO/1-48 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/nv970qb0325 | nv970qb0325_90200318.xml | GATT_155 | 638 | 3,889 | Please Hold for Delivery, Expected Press Release ITO 3
20 November 1947
21 November after 4:15 p.m.
SPEECH BY MR. D. CHRISTIE TAIT, REPRESENTATIVE OF
THE INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION
21 NOVEMBER 1947
Mr. President and Delegates:
It is my privilege to bring to the Conference greetings and good
will from the Director-General of the International Labour Organization
and to express his sincere hope that the Conference will be successful
in achieving the purposes for which it has met.
I should like to say in the first place how Pleased I am that this
Conference is meeting in Havana, the city in which the ILO held its Second
American Regional Conference in 1939. All those who were present on that
occasion have the pleasantest memories of their sojourn in Cuban soil.
The fundamental purpose of the ILO is to raise living standards
through agreements among Governments and representatives of employers
and of workers on industrial and labour problems, and the ILO is therefore
vitally interested in the work of any other body which seeks to achieve the
sane purpose by other means. We welcome the statement in the proamble of
the draft Charter which is submitted for your approval that the work which
you are undertaking is based on Article 55 (a) of the Charter of the United
Nations which proclaims the importance of attaining higher standards of
living, full employment and social progress and development.
I think it is significant that in the draft Charter the statement of
purpose and objectives la immediately followed by a chapter in which it is
proposed to include certain mutual undertakings in relation to employment,
production and effective demand. The amended Constitution of the OLO places
the achievement and maintenance of full employment among the aims and
purposes for which the ILO should strive, and we are already co-operating
with the Economic and Social Council in this field.
In this connection I may perhaps be allowed to refer especially to the
Article on Fair Labour Standards in which specific reference is made to the
ILO and to say that on this question as on all other questions in Chapter II
of the draft Charter the ILO will co-operate fully with the International
Trade Organization.
On economic development the ILO also has a role to play, notably in
connection with the provision of technical skill by such means as vocational
training, the exchange of instructors and trainees, etc. I think the
/American Press Release ITO 3
Page 2
American Members of the Organization will undoubtedly recall the detailed
discussion of vocational training in relation to industrialization which
took place at the American Regional Conference in Maxico City in 1946. Since
there, a small tripartite committee to consider American regional co-operation
in this field. has been established and had started to work. Similar
discussions have taken place within the last few weeks at the ILO Asian
Regional Conference, and the question is also on the Agenda of the Near and
Middle East Conference now meeting at Istambul.
I have no desire, however, to go into any further details. The purpose
of my message is general rather than specific. It is to express our pleasure
at the progress so far made in drafting a Trade Charter and in actually
lowering the barriers of international trade, thereby promoting the raising
of living standards throughout the world. We want to help you in your work,
and on occasion we may wish te ask the ITO to help us. If the ITO is
effectively established as a result of this Conference, the Governing Body 0f
the ILO representing employers and workers as well as Governments will, I am
sure, be among the first to offer its congratulations to a new specialized
agency and to offer its assistance in the immense task to which you have set
your hands. |
|
GATT Library | kk522df6478 | Speech of Dr. Ctanislaw Raczkowski, the Head of the Polish Delegation delivered at the Plemary Session of the Conference on Trade and Employment | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, November 26, 1947 | Department of Public Information Havana, Cuba and United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment | 26/11/1947 | press releases | Press Release ITO/39 and ITO/1-48 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/kk522df6478 | kk522df6478_90200328.xml | GATT_155 | 2,023 | 12,449 | UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT
Department of Public Information
Havana, Cuba
Press Release ITO/39
26 November 1947
SPEECH OF DR. CTANISLAW RACZKOWSKI, THE HEAD OF THE
POLISH DELEGATION
DELIVERED AT THE PLEMARY SESSION OF THE CONFERENCE ON
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT
Mr, Chairman, Fellow Delegates:
He have begun the general discussion of the Draft Charter of
the International Trade Organization.
As you know, Poland did not take part in the preparation of
this draft, and consequently had no influence on its contents. We
shall listen now, with the greatest interest, to the forthcoming
discussion about the Draft Charter, but for the time being, at least
our own attitude will be rather one of reserve. Generally speaking,
I should like to point out that Poland has some serious doubts with
regard to this draft. I shall try to mention now, those of them,
which in our opinion are the most important.
But first of all I want to make myself clear. When I say
that we have serious doubts with regards to this Draft Charter, I
do not mean that we consider the major part of its provisions as un-
accootable. On the contrary, we are in accord with quite a number
of them and not only theoretically, In fact, since the liberation
of our country, we are engaged in applying an economic policy, the
main objectives of which are full employment, and the raising of
the standard of life of our population.
We also favor greatly, the expansion of the World Trade and
are by no rneans opposed to its multi-lateral form. I should like
to lay special empasis on this point, as we are often accused of
being against the multi-lateral trade, and we are constantly reminded
that our trade agreements with foreign countries are almost ex-
clusively of the bi-lateral type. (MORE) Polish ITO/39
- 2 - I readily admit that it is so, but at because we like it, or
prefer this form of agreements, but because we found ourselves
after the war in a compulsory situation. The particular
structure of our foreign trade has something to do with it,
but first of all, this is due to the unstable monetary situation
within Europe.I should like also, to mention that we do deviate
gradually, from the pure form of barter agreement, turning more
and more to words a more liberal form permitting to a certain
degree a free transfer of exchange.
One of the main princiles on i which are based the provisions
of this Draft Charter, in regard to Intornational Trade, is,the
non-discrimintory treatmtent of all members of the Organization.
We think that such a principle could be applied solely, if and
when actual economical conditions could warrant such equality,
but such is not the case. On the contrary, it is well known
that in the last few decades, the levels of the economics of
different countries throughout the world did, not show any trend
towards equalization. In fact, quite the reverse happened. The
last war, with its terrific destructions accentuated these
differences as never before. Let me cite the example of my own
country: Bofere the war the per capita national income in
Poland used to about five times less than that in the U.S.A.
In 1946, the per capite income in Poland was as low as about
50% of the pre-war level, which in the U.S.A. it was , nearly 100%
higher. Thus, the difference between the two countries increansed
more then three-fold during those fiateful seven years. It
seems that never before, there were such tremendo as differences
in the economic situation of different states, nor such
differences in the standardrd of life of their citizens as after
MORE Polish
ITO/ 39
- 3 - the second world war. In such circumstances, the application to
the International Trade of the principle of non-discrimination
not-withstanding the level of the economic development of
particular countries, seems to be extremely difficult now, and
whats more it will remain still extremely difficult for years
and years to come.
It is quite true that the Draft Charter dose provide for a
transitory period and does include special provisions which take
into account oxistant inequalities, and special difficuIties
confronting some of the states during , this period. It seems,
however, that the authors of the Draft Charter, were far too
optimistic in evaluating the period of time during which this
situation should improve substantially. The world's economic
equilibirium has been very deeply disturbed by the war, and one
cannot expect it to be restored within a short time. It might
be useful to remember the experience of the Bretton Woods
agreement, otherwise, by being too optimistic, we shall commit
the some error of judgement in the filed of International Trade
as was made then in the fieId of International Finances, The
restoration of the corevertability of national currencies, ,was
expected there to come much sooner than it now seems probable.
We had another example this year when an International agreement,
some stimulations of which were too rigid and limited in time,
had to be un-literally cancelled as they could not camply with
the actual requirements of life. Having such examples in mind,
we should try to avoid similar mistakes in respect to the I.T.O.
Charter .
(more) Polish
ITO/39
-4-
I think that in view of the actual economic situation of
the world, it would perhaps be better to postpone the
introduction of permanent rules governing the International,
Trade. If, however, it was agreed that some international
agreement on trade is essential, and should be entered into now,
I think, the basis of such an agreement should be rather the
reverse of what has been accepted by the authors of the Draft
Charter.
In present conditions, what is now considered as exceptions,
should constitute the core of the Draft Charter, such provisions
to become gradually more and more liberal as the economic
conditions of the world actually improve. I think, that such an
approach to the problem would be much more realistic and could
be easier accepted by the majority of countries.
While speakinng about deubts, as to the advisability of
introducing an I.T.O. Charter, without waiting for a more
favorable economic climate, I should like to mention one more
aspect of the problem, a point of extreme importance mainly
the inter-reIation between employment and the International
Trade on one hand, and the International Financial and
Investment Policy on the other. It was argued, at Bretton
Woods, that no international equilibrium can be reached in the
field of money and finances without the proper solution of the
problems of emloyment and trade. Today, we could reverse
this argument, and state while discussing the I.T.O. Charter,
that the new organization will be of no avail as long as the
actual International Financial and Investment policy remains
un changed. Particularily, with respect to the war devestated
or the undeveloped countries. The participation of such
countries in the world trade, is certainly very limited. Polish - 5 - ITO/39
They could, of course, increase their share through their own effort
but this is a long and hard way. It could be much shortened, and
facilitated by some help from abroad. It wouldn't even be necessary
for this help to be substantial. In the war devastated areas, even
limited importations, especially of capital goods,. may contribute to
l largo degree to the elimination of economic bottlenecks and may
bring as a result, an increase of production, an improved standard
of living of the population and an increase in the Foreign Trade.
May I be permitted to illustrate this point by giving an example from
out Polish Experiences:
The Polish coal production could be substantially increased on
condition that a certain amount of mining equipmennt be imported
from abroad, as Poland does not produce certain types of this kind
of machinery. The Polish food production could be increased as wel',.
More rapidly if we could import fertilizers, draft power, and agri-
cultural machinery. Unfortunately, we cannot afford such importa-
tions, or at least not in the amount required and as a result,
Polish production develops more slowly than it would be otherwise
possible, not only to the detrments of Poland itself, but also to
the detriment of Europe as a whole, which so badly needs bath coal
and food. This situation is to be ascribed te the fact that for
political reasons, Poland is subjectd to some kind of credit block-
ade an the part of Govornments and institutions who muster the source
of International Investment capital, But we are not alone to suffer
frem these causes. Other devastated as well as undeveloped countries
are similarly barred for political reasons from foreign credits,
and there are no visible signs of any iriprovement in this respect.
When one considers today the International Investment Plans,
it becomes quite cleear that the contemplated flow of capital goods
is based mainly on political and not economic considerations. The
(MORE) - 6 - Poland
Press Release ITO/39
flow of capital goods is to be directed mainly towards comparati
ly wealthy countries, while others, which through no fault of
their own, were devastated during the war, or which remained un-
developed, are left without any help to their own fate. There is
little need, I think, to stress the detrimental effects of such
an investment policy. Firstly, it certainly will deepen the econ-
omic inequalities which I discussed a while ago. Secondly, it wi
force all countries which are denied outside help to rely on bi-
lateral agreements so as to safeguard their balance payments.
Don' t make a mistake about it, no one enters into bi-lateral a-
greements just for pleasure. It is a hard necessity into which a
power country is forced when it is unable to obtain free exchange,
through some international credit arrangements,
The outcome of the actual investment policy is nothing less
than the andermining of the very foundations of the charter, thu
making a general introduction of the multi-lateral trade a very
remote possibility indeed.
I should like to repeat once more, that in our opinion, there
can be no sould developments on international trade without a
sound international investment policy. A policy based on well
established economic principles. Today' s financial international
policy does not favor such a development at aIl.
Poland found itself now in a double role: of a war deovastated
country with the huge task of re-construction of its scattered
economy and at the same time, of a country striving hard to de-
velop its resources. The Polish Delogation, therefore, shall
watch with the greatest of interest, the discussions leading to
the framing of the final text of the I.T.0. Charter, from those
two points of view,
Having thus mentioned in a broad outline our main reservation
with respect to the draft charter the Polish Delogation shall
(MORE) Polish
- 7 - ITO/39 take later, an appropriate stand during the discussions on particu-
lar parts of the Charter.
Before I finish, I should like to stress the fact that Poland
is very much interested in all aspects of the International Trade
and it's development, the more so that International Trade is of
greater importance to the new Poland, than it used to be before the
war. During the last three years, great efforts were directed
towards the increase of our foreign trade. We are now the greatest
exporter of conl in Europe. Besides coal, we export an ever growing
variety of other goods. After an initial period of isolation due to
the post-war transportation difficulties, we entered into trade re-
lations with nearly all European and numerous over-seas countries.
Our commercial relations are being steadily developed and enlarged,
A soon as our agricultural production is restored to a more normal
level, we shall resume our traditional export of food stuffs. This
will further increase our share in the international trade.
I think that our participation in this conference, is a last
but not least proof of sur genuine interest in the revival and de-
velopment of the Intornational Trade.
# # # # # # # # #
- 7 - ITO/39 |
GATT Library | cg305vg6683 | Speech of his Excellency Mr. A. Politis, Leader of the Greek Delegation at the Plenary Session of the Conference on Trade and Employment | United Nations Conference on Trade Employment, December 1, 1947 | Department of Public Information Havana, Cuba and United Nations Conference on Trade Employment | 01/12/1947 | press releases | ITO/88 and ITO/73-194/CORR. 1 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/cg305vg6683 | cg305vg6683_90200370.xml | GATT_155 | 1,094 | 6,728 | UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE & EMPLOYMENT.
Department of Public Information Havana, Cuba
ITO/88
1 December 1947
SPEECH OF HIS EXCELLENCY MR. A. POLITIS, LEADER OF
THE GREEK DELEGATION AT THE PLENARY SESSION OF THE
CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT
Mr. President , Gentlemen,
The Greek delegation would like to begin by thanking the Cuban
Government very warmly for its hospitality. It seems almost that
this Conference has been convened in Havana so that Havana's Charms
might help us to fofgret prosaic economic problems.
Gentlemen, as you know Greece has taken no part in drafting the
Charter which we are to consider. None the less, the provisions of
the Charter are in conformity we have always held
in our counrtry. Sailors and tradesmen, living in a small and poor
country, Greeks have always derived their subsistence from foreign
trade. In proportion to population and the country's resources, the
volume of our foreign trade was always greater than that of other
larger countries. The Greek people, therefore, will accept and approve
any plan which would reduce or abolish obstancles which prevent the
expansion of international trade. We of the Greek delegation will do
everything possible to help in the attainment of the purposes laid
The most interesting aspect of the Charter, in our opinion, is
that the abolition of trade barriers is connected with the idea of
greater solidarity among nations. The authors of the Charter must have
understood that greater freedom of economic exchange could never be
attained unless more economically developed States were prepared to
help those whose resources were as yet undeveloped. In a free economy
no country can hope to attain full employment and higher and stable
standards of living unless similar progrese is made in other countries,
What would it profit a country to increase employment if this were to
bring about décrease of employment
MORE -2- ITO/88
Greek Speech
in other countries and an economic crisis which sooner or later would
be felt all over the world? It seems that the Chapters of the Charter
dealing with employment and economic development attempt to deal with
these problems. However, the provisions laid down in these chapters
should be made more clear and specific, in order to emphasize further
the close ties between intern.ational soIidarity and the freedom of
economic exchange, because without these close teis there will never be
real free trade.
The idea of the economic interdependence of nations has already
been consecrated by the very generous help which to United States of
America is giving to my country, devastated by war and a long period of
enemy occupation, and by the help which the United States is going to
offer Europe in accordance with the Marshall Plan.
There is another aspect of the economic interdependence of nations
which must not be forgotten. The reduction of customs tariffs and
restrictions will certainly increase international trade, but it will
have one other result. It will increase the effects of economic fluc-
tuations. This will increase the responsibility of the grrat indus-
trial and commercial States.
Further, the Charter lays down certain rules concerning freedom of
exchcnge and it provides for a great number of exceptions some of
which will be permanent and others, of a provisional nature, will apply
only in the period of transition between the time when the Charter comes
into force and the time when its objectives have been attained.
The Greek delegation believes that possibly not enough attention
has been goven to this period of transition on which the attanment
of the purposes laid down in the Charter depends. We believe that if
the problems of this transition period are given due weight, freedom of
economic exchange will become a reality all the sooner. We believe that
it is not enough to sanction a few exceptions in the text of the Charter
provision must be made for laying down and hoc rules and regulations.
Only thus, keeping in close touch with reality, we shall be able to
MORE -3- ITO/88 Greck speech
attain the purposes of the Charter which are common to all of us.
May I once more use my country as an example? No European State
has suffered as much Greece during and even after the war. The
Country has been completely devastated and its economic system is
entirely dislocated at present.
We need a long period of convalescence. If we were to abandon
suddenly the commercial policy which we have been following and are
still following, the result of such an action would be very serious,
both from the poin of view of our fiscal resourees and budgetary
balance, and from the point of view of national production which, in
view of the present economic situation in Greece, is neededtoday more
than ever. Such a change in our commercial policy would greatly re-
duce employment, which of course would be contratory to the purposes of
Insofar as our forcign trade is concerned, Greece is forded to
buy a great number of products abroad. In order to pay for our im-
ports, we must export agricultural products (tobacco, currents, oils,
wines, etc.) which in the international market are considered luxuries,
Tobacco is the most important of these products. The value of tobac-
oo exports covers almost all the imports of foodstuffs needed by the
population. About nine hundred thousand people, with their families,
or one-seventh part of the total population of Greeece, are engaged in
the cultivation and trade of tobacco.
Until new -Greece has always found it possible to place certain
quantities of its tobacco in foreign countries by means of special
provisions in bilateral agreements. This is for us a vital need. If
we wereto change this system suddenly, thousands of my compatriots
would be unemployed.
We hope, therefore, that the members of this Conference will give
due consideration to my statement when they lay down the rules to
govern the period of transition on which we believe the whole structure
MORE -4- ITO/88
Greek speech
of the Charter must be laid
It is better to go slowly, by successive stages, always keeping
in close touch with reality, than to try to provide today in detail
for everything that may arise in the future. Let us not forget the
Bretton Woods Agreement, which by the force of circumstances has
failed to fulfil the hopes of its authors. Insofar as possible, let
us draw up flexible rules to govern this period of transition, the
duration of which cannot today be foreseen. In short, let us be
optomistic but let us be realistic too. |
GATT Library | vk785fw9354 | Speech of Mr. Walter Stucki, Reder of the Swiss Delegation | United Nations Conference on Trade & Employment, November 28, 1947 | Department of Public Information Havana, Cuba and United Nations Conference on Trade & Employment | 28/11/1947 | press releases | PRESS RELEASE ITO/57 and ITO/48-73 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/vk785fw9354 | vk785fw9354_90200348.xml | GATT_155 | 2,355 | 14,285 | UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE & EMPLOYMENT
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC INFORMATION
HAVANA,. CUBA
PRESS RELEASE ITO/57
28 November 1947.
SPEECH OF MR. WALTER STUCKI, REDER OF THE
SWISS DELEGATION.
The Swiss delegation does not want to let this opportunity go by
without thanking the Preparatory Commission very sincerely for the
work they have done. Although certain criticisms can be made - as
the Chairman of the Preparatory Commision frankly admitted - their
work deserves our sincere admiration. My country has had the great
privilege of playing host for many months to the members of the Pre-
paratory Commission in the course of its second session. Thus,
gentlemen, many of you have seen Switzerland and know it. You know
that we hope for peace more perhaps than any other country, and come
perhaps closer to the ideal political, economic and social structure
which so many other nations see. For all these reasons Switzerland
accepts fully the purposes laid down in the charters all the more so
as having no raw materials and no access to the sea, Switzerland de-
charter
pends greatly on foreign trade. Studying the annexes to the draft /
you may have noted that of ail the countries of the world Switzerland
has greatest per capita foreign trade. We also agree with the state-
ment that all the efforts made at the Bretton Woods Conference for the
purpose of normalizing post-war monetary and financial conditions must
be supplemented by proper multilateral conversions in the field of
trade and employment.
Opinions can differ as to whether the method used by the Prepa-
ratory Commission was actually the best. At the very beginning of
Our Conference many speakers pointed out that the old League of Na-
tions have already faced the same problem's as the one we face to-day
or Very similar ones. Following the recommendations of the Inter-
(MORE) - 2 - ITO/57
national Economic Conferences of Geneva (1927) and London (1933) the
Economic organs of the League of Nations have energetically sought
a solution to the problems of customs, tariffs and quantitative res-
trictions on imports and exports, to the problem of cartals, of raw
materials, etc... They have tried to deal with those problems one by
one and thus their activities were more modest and less ambitious
than those of the Preparatory Commission. Many of the draft agree-
ments thus prepared were signed by the representatives of the govern-
ments concerned, but none of them came into force because none was
ratified by a sufficient number of countries. This past experience
shows clearly that when such multilateral conventions are drawn up
the good will and understanding of delegates are not enough. It is
necessary, and indeed it is fundamental, for the governments and
parliaments of the countries in question to show the same und erstand-
ing and good will. We see a two-fold danger here: either the work
done will be a real and valuable step f orward but it will never be ra-
tified by the parliament and thus will be wasted, or the work done
here will be only a decorative front without real meaning of value
and will not mean a real progress.
In view of this situation the Swiss delegation has wondered
whether it is not a very bold plan, too bold perhaps, to try to set-
tle, by one contractual instrument, all the extremely difficult and
complex problems of world trade, for all countries living under very
different conditions. We believe that it might perhaps have been bet-
ter to stant building from the roof down as has been done in other
similar cases, that is to establish the organization first and lay
down its purposes instead of trying to draw up a complete code of
international trade at the very outset while the Organization is
being established. I agree that the Preparatory organs had serious
reasons for proceeding as they did and, in view of the amount of work
they have already done, we shall not hesitate to follow them.
The Swiss delegation has listen with the greatest interest and
(MORE) - 3- ITO/57
satisfaction to the statement made a few days ago in this very room
by the Leader of the American delegation. According to him there is
no question of excercising pressure on any State in the course of
this Conference and it is obvious that every state, great or small,
will be able to describe, frankly and sincerely its position, its dif-
fieulties and interests. I should like to make use of this possibi-
lity which is given me and tell you a few words about the special,
perhaps unique, position of our country situated at the very heart of
the enmpoverished European continent. In the first place our situa-
tion . s unique because we are the oldest democracy in the world and
the rights of our people are so wide spread that we should have to
submit any prospective agreement for ratification not only to our
parliament but also to our people. You can understand that the
Swiss delegation must never loose sight of this fact. Just because
our delegation wishes to offer real cooperation in the work which is
to to done it cannot accept any solutions if it is clear in advance
that they will be unacceptable for nur parliament and our people.
The purpose and the consequence of multilateral conventions in
the field of trade as in other fields is to restrict the freedorn of
action of the contracting parties. These parties accept certain
sacrifices on the condition that these sacrifices will be at least
fairly compensated by the total sum of concessions granted by other
states and advantages deriving from them. Considering that no state
can carry out altruistic and idealistic policies alone, naturally
every sovereign state must consider the question dispassionately
and decide whether the advantages are great enough to justify the
sacrifices it is asked to marke. The state must then convince Parlia-
ment and public opinion that such is really the case before obtain-
ing their approval. In order to evaluate the situation, not only
immediate and direct advantages, but also future indirect ones will
be taken into account. But everybody knows that parliaments and
public opinion are not easily convinced by such arguments which of
necessity are rather vague. Keeping all these facts in mind the
(MORE) - 4 - ITO/57
competent authorities in Switzerland have carefully considered the.
draft which is before us and have drawn up a sort of balance sheet
of advantages and inadvantages. This study has shown that to all
appearances, the Preparatory Commission has not given thought to the
unusual and, may I repeat, perhaps unique position of our country.
Had they done so, they would have probably seen that, in so far as
our country is concerned, the balance sheet shows a deficit.
Switzerland lives exclusively, so to speak, by importing raw
materials which it lacks and exporting them as finished products in
the manufacture of which labor and expert workmanship play an impor-
tant part, in order to pay for foodstuffs which it lacks and must
import. Not only are these products expensive because the wages of
our workers are high, but also they must be paid for in a currency
.which few countries have at the present time and furthermore rightly
or wrongly they are often considered luxuries. Even to-day our export
trade which is vital for us is faced with increasing obstacles. More
and more other countries forbid importation of our products or re-
fuse the currency needed to pay for them. Those obstacles are much
.ore serious than the obstacles created by the high customs duties of
othr states.
One might argue that for these very reasons Switzerland would
benefit greatly if these obstacles to its export trade were abolished
by multilateral agreements, or at least greatly reduced, and Switzer-
lard ought to welcome enthusiastically the practical application of
the principle laid down in the charter which is that quantitative
restrictions and all other forms of indirect protection should be
abolished or greatly restrained. This right be the case if the
authors of the draft had not, for perfectly understandable reasons,
departed so far from this principle that not only does it not bring
real advantages but gives rise to serious difficulties which can
hardly be denied. Under article 21 of the draft the states which
suffer a disequilibrium in their balance of payments and are facing
monetary difficulties. not only have the right to maintain existing
(MORE) - 5- ITO/57
restrictions in respect of our exports but have also the right of
establishing new ones. Furthermore they have the right to discrimi-
nate against our export trade that is to give it a treatment less
advantageous than that given to merchandise originating in other
states just because our currency has remained healthy and strong.
Since to-day almost all states are facing the difficulties I spoke
of we would have to see our foreign trade stifled without being able
to take steps to remedy the situation. Recent experience and the
policies followed by many countries have shown all toc clearly that
our fears are well founded.
While in those future of our export trade seems very dark the
prospects for imports of foreign products are none better. Many
great states have openly declared that they would stimulate exports
by Wall means at their disposal. I urderstand the position of those
countries and do not criticize them. But it is a proved economic
fact that no country can export without importing. This geat need
of promoting exports must and does aim particularly at exports to
hard currency countries whose currency is needed. Switzerland is one
of those very few countries. This shows with almost mathematically
certainty that exports to Switzerland will be promoted by all pos-
sible means. Our small country with the very limited national market
would be particularly affected by such measures. Our national pro-
ducers, above all agricultural producers, work in the mountains under
such difficult conditions and at such high cost that our national
production could never resist foreign competition without protection.
We did not, like other states, seek this protection through high cus-
toms tariffs. In accordance with our constitution and our laws we
have given and are giving this protection through quantitative res-
trietions on imports, by making the importation of certain articles
conditional on the purchase of national merchandise, by seasonal res-
trictions, etc... The draft which we are to consider would ask us to
give up this system and use only an average tariff protection of
(MORE) - 6 - ITO/57
eight per cent. This mighT be barely possible under more or less
normal conditions and only if the serious sacrifices resulting from
it were compensated by equivalent advantages for our export trade.
We have seen that such is not the case. Furthermore conditions are
not normal and as we have pointed out previously we must expect
strong pressure in the field of imports. All the above shows that
so far as we are concerned the balance sheet shows a deficit and
that from a double point of view, since it involves great obstacles
to our export trade and serious difficulties for our national pro-
duction.
I know I shall be told that the draft as it stands contains se-
veral escape clauses which we right make use of. Without going into
detail here I must say that we have very carefully considered all
such provisions and we find that they do not meet our needs. There-
fore, we shall not give our opinion on every one of the provisions
contained in the draft and we shall not submit many amendments. None
the less, in Section F of chapter IV we shall propose a clause of a
general nature which would safeguard the vital interests of coun-
tries which cannot make use of the provisions of article 21.
Our delegation did not take such an attitude without a feeling
of deep regret. We know that we may be accused of lacking the under-
standing needed for international collaboration. And we are not un-
aware that such a clause would further weaken the principle laid
down in the Charter. If, therefore, Switzerland which during the
period between two world wars has consistently and loyally co-
operated in the search for multilateral solutions to world economic
problems, must submit such a proposal, the cause of it must be fund
in our exceptional situation and the need of defending cur most
vital interests. We admit that countries which enjoy a better eco-
nomic situation than others and have a strong and healthy currency
cannot remain isolated and that they have obligations towards other
nations. We know also that creditor countries ought to promote in-
sofar as possible imports of merchandise originating in debtor coan-
(MORE) - 7 - ITO/57
tries, and ought not to place obstacles in the way of such imports
without real necessity. But we wish to emphasize that Switzerland
has always acted. in a-cordande with these principles, and that in a
two-fold way: first, our small country with four million inhabitants
has, since the war ended, granted to other European States a credit
of about one billion Swiss francs, which is for us an enor-ous loan.
Further, we have allowed large quantities of foreign merchandise to
enter the country. No country represented at this Conference has
such a large deficit in its trade balance in proportion to population,
as Switzerland. This deficit for the ten first months of this year
has already gone above one billion Swiss francs, which means about
300 francs per capita. As I have said before, we are among the
first in this field. On the other hand, the trade balance of other
itor countries does not show a deficit but rather a substantial
.irplus.
All these arguments show clearly that we are not isolationists.
nor partisans of exaggerated protectionism, and that we do not want
to ignore our international obligations.
That is why we hope that our situation will be understood and
given due weight.
# # # # # # |
GATT Library | kg727rd9403 | Speech of the President of the Chilean Delegation, Mr. Walter Mulicr, at the United Nations Conference om Trade Employment in Havana. November 29 1947 | United Nations Conference on Trade & Employment, November 29, 1947 | Department of Public Information Havana, Cuba and United Nations Conference on Trade & Employment | 29/11/1947 | press releases | Press Release ITO/77 and ITO/73-194/CORR. 1 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/kg727rd9403 | kg727rd9403_90200368.xml | GATT_155 | 3,476 | 21,531 | UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE OF TRADE & EMPLOYMENT
Department of public Information
Havana, Cuba.
Press Release ITO/77
29 November 1947
SPEECH OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE CHILEAN DELEGATION,
MR. WALTER MULICR, AT THE UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE
OM TRADE & EMPLOYMENT IN HAVANA. NOVEMBER 29 1947
Mr. Chairman Fellow Delegates:
Since it's inception as an independent country Chile has
contributed as far as iot was able to all efforts tending to increase
and strengthen peaceful and harmonius living amongst nations.
All attempts inspired in these ideals have had our sincere collabora-
tion and thus our name been associated with the noblest and
highest offerts undertaken in both the political and economic and
social fields.
In the League of Nations where we were led by the sagnificent.
dream of President Wilson, in the dependent organizations, and in
the International frade Organization we strove for nations to settle
their differences peacefully because social classes and the differ-
ent elements of society had to collaborate harmoniously for the
achievement of the wolfare of humanity.
When, following the horrors of the last war the great
resurrected
Wilsonian ideal was / by President Roosevelt, we went to
San Trancisco with the same desire to contribute, to the best of our
ability, to a peace that should become reality in all international
fields and so that the possibilities of progrress and well-being
should be opened equally to all nations and to all peoples.
Thus we have attended the mectings called by the United
Nations endeavoring to establish agreements with which, with a
regional character all countries members of the western hemisphere
had already complied as members of the Pan- American Union.
(MORE) - 2 - ITO/77
29 November 1947
Inspired by the same sentiments we went first of all to London
to the initial meeting of the Preparatory Committee that was to
Traft the Charter we are considering then to New York and to Geneva,
and now to Havana. Article 55 A of the Charter of the United Nations
which we must bear in mind establishes as one of the principle aims
of that organization, that of "promoting higher standards of living,
full employment, and conditions of economic and social progress and
development" for all.
Agricultural, industrial and mining production, the industriali-
zation of raw materials and the trade that promotes national and
international exchange of goods can have but one basic aim; that of
obtaining a higher standard of living for our peoples.
There are, however, fundamental differences in the standards
of living of different countries as thore are discrepancies in the
degree of development of their agricultural, industrial and other
productions. Some have obtained a high degree of progress in one
or all of these branches of industry; othors are in a state of in-
cipient development of industries and there are those for whom the
stage of industrialization has not as yet begun, this development
being but a legitimete home of future improvment. There are many
factors that might explain the difference of this development in
these countries. In the under-developed ones their backlwardness
is due to their lack of population, that is to say, a reduced con-
suer marrket; to an insufficient capitalization, that is to say,
money being scarce and expensive. Industrial production costs in
countries of infant economics are obviously much higher than those
of the better developed nations which, due to their volume of
production, to their more perfect and modern mechanization and to
their great domestic consumption, are able to sell at lower prices.
(MORE) - 3 - ITO/77
29 November 1947
These latter countries did not arrive at their present stage of de-
velopment by sponsering a policy of free interchange and reluction
of customs barriers, but, on the contrary, by protecting their own
industries until they were able to eliminate those barriers.
It is, therefore, not to be wondered at that smaller nations
should be adverse to accepting in toto the measures which might
jeopardize the defense and development of their own productions
which is necessary for the improvement of their standards of living.
provisions of the
To comprehend the reservations which we have made to the /
Draft Charter, and which wc will ropeat at this Conference, it is
indispensable that we give the honorable delegates some explana-
tion regarding the economic situation of my country; a situation
which is very similar to that of many other Latin-Lmerican Republics.
We have obtained a high political development in a free and democra-
tic country. Our working classes are well organized, have full
facilities for expressing their desires and have a strong political
influcnce and make known and insist upon the fulfillment of their
wishes for a better standard of living. Unfortunately, our
economic development has not followed the same rhythm as that of
our political growth, which places us in the position of permanently
better
desiring a / organized improvement yet lacking the material
possibility of doing so. The raising of salaries without a corres-
ponding increase of production has brought about a process of in-
the
flation and/scaring of the cost of living.
Our problem is fundamentally one of an economic nature and that
is why we feel that any rational measure based on the Chartcr with a
view to facilitate economic devvlopment will receive our approval,
and for the same reasons, we must say that any measures which may
tend to stultify and impede our progress along these lines will be
rejected. As is the case in many other countries of the word, our
social problem is the outcome of a weak economy which, though it
wight develop satisfactorily with the raw materials we possess in - 4- ITO/77
29 November 1947
sufficient quantities cannot de so due to that lack sufficient en:-
pitals to accelerate its growth.
We contributed in Geneva to the drafting of the part of the
Charter which refers the international investements of capitals
r.rmarked for the economic developments of nations, y we must say
that great progress was made at that conference in this natter. But
we belive that world needs regarding capital, and more especially
the needs of those countries possessed of incipient economies require
more long range and farther reaching meansures than mere guarantes
of security to the investors.
We desire foreign capital to be invested in our country, but
always on an equal fdoting and subject to the same laws as are our
own . Our legislation offers such investors the guarantees of being
free to withdraw their capitals at will and also a certain amortiza-
tion, giving them, by agreements with our Exchange Control, the nece-
ssary foreign currency to do se. We are greatful to the Great Repu-
blic of The North for the National -L~ti-iswe have obtained from them-
as well as any future loans we may need in the years to come, but we
believe that a lacuna in the Charter must be filled regarding the
mechanism needed to aid the international investments of private
capitals. In spite of the many different international conferences
held prier and after the war, there is no organism which will make it
easy for an industrialist in an underdeveloped country and requiring
capital, to contact the great capitalistic states and thus have the
later invest greater amounts of money than he could obtain in his
own country, to help in the better economic development of the
sorld.
The improvement of the standard of living ought not to be the
outcome of the crention and exaggerateddly protected industries, It
must be the result of a rational industrialization by means of the
(MORE) - 5 - ITO /77
29 November 1947.
transformation of our raw materials into manfacctured goods of
standing and of the exploitation of our natural resources which
only awnit the quickening influenec of the worker aided by capitel,
technical advice, labour and a consuming market.
The highly industrialized nations wought not to place obstacles
in the rond of the progressive industrialization of the lesser deve-
loped countries; is to them we turn for a constructive aid in
this progress and it is from them that we will receive thie benefits
of rheir experience. The history of the commercial relations
between nations shows that the improvement of living conditions and
standards increases the domestic consumption and strongly increments
amports cf these countries. The importation of articles which might
disapper due to industrialization is replaced by other imports,
and by no means jeopardises commercial interchangc with the great
industrial nations, On the contrary, it improves it.
For many other reasons, industrialization is, as far as my
country is concerned, an imperious necessity. Our principal exports
are reduced to that of a few basic or manufactured goods which expos
our foreign trade to sarious fluctuations stemming from alterations
in price in the intornational market. Fluctuations which are outside
our control such as the sherp decrease in our expert due to crises
and wars which seriously affect our balance of payments. Only the
diversification of cur industrial production for domestic consump
tin as well as that of our expartable goods can in future place us
in a position of safety regarding the psriodic privation of raw mate
rials and machinery which are so essential to our economic develop-
ment , and, what is more important, to the maintenance of our normal
way of life. If, to to the above, is added the fact that very often
there is a great discrepancy between the prices paid us for our
exports of basic goods and those which we must pay fer the industries
merchandise we import , the explanation is obvious for the disequili-
brium of our balance of payments. (MOFS) -6- IT0/77
29 November 1974.
This disiquilibrium has obliged us to ostablish a series of restric-
tions to international trade such as Exchance controls, prohibitions
to of permits for imorts, quotas and so on which are no doubt res-
trictive measures, but which are nevertheless indispensable to the
full utilization of the rossibilities of exchange and also so as
not to aggravate the already serious situation of our international
commercial balance. It has in no way been the desire of my country
to place artificial barriers and obstacles in the way of trade that
has caused the establishment of such measures which, for similar
reasens, are common to many countries whe are trying to overcome
like difficulties.
Since the commencement of the drafting of the Charter we strov
to establish an equilibrium between the provisions therein conta0ined
on commerce and those referring to economic development, striving to
make known the need for the specific consideration of the situation
of countries of backward industrial develepment. Both in Lordon and
in Geneva, we presented formal proposals on these items. Sarce of
our ideas were considered but others failed to impress the delegate
And therefore, not ignoring the progress achieved we will insist on
the points of view which we consider as indispensable for theachieve-
ment of a Charter which will be an instrument liabla to faevour equi-
tably and reasonably both thc interests of the countries that have
arrived at their economic maturity and those of the courntries that
are as yet in their infancy in economic life. A charter that did not
consider the diffeternt stages of development of countries objectively
would be an errer. A Charter that in its endeavours to bring about
an apparently equitable justice was guilty of a truek and great
as well as a real injustice, would be a crime,
Amongst the factors which must be considered when attempting
(MORE) - 7 -
ITO /77
29 November 1947.
to make possible the nprmal developmennt of the countrs of infant
sC':' a;y, are, in the first place the possibility of concerting pre-
forential agreements between neighbour states whose economies might
be complementary and thus ensure more ample markets for their indus-
trial production. A similar aim is that sought by provisions adequate
and apropriate for the astablishment of multilateral custoirs' agree-
ments, the details, scope and duration of which cannot be forescen
and which must necessarily depend upon factors not immediately discer-
nible. Inkboth cases we feal, as we did in Goneva, that the a priori
authorization of the Organization is not indispensable.
We were not successful in Geneva in our efforts to have a for-
mula adepted that might permit the backward countries to apply quan-
titative restrictions as a safeguard to their own incipient industries,
We understand perfectly the resistance offered to such a measure, but
we feel that it can be replaced successfully by no othar, and we also
feel that with adcquate regulation and care, the misgivings, distrust
and doubts that arise, might well be laid to rest. Therefore, due
to the above, we will insist on presenting a text that will give
guarantees to the Organization that is to emanate from the Charter,
that will avoid abuses at the same time as it permits the new econo-
mic states to give the necessary protection to their industries.
As we were in Geneva, so we are adamant here that in the Inter-
national Trade Organizetion every state must have one vota. Any form
of weighted vote is quite contrary to our conception of the equality
of members of the comity of sovereign states.
In accordance with this principle, we feel that the Council of
the Organization must reflect and be a mirror of the essential cha-
racteristics of the organizations and expecially those that divide
nations into the categories of those that are powerfully industrialized
and those that have an infant industrialization and economy. Within
this great framework, geographic and economic regions must be included
(MORE) - 8 - ITO/77
29 November 1947.
and Propor regard given to the importance of such divisions.
Mr. Chairman; Gentlemen, let us not repeat such theoretical
attempts as those we have lately seen and which, in their desire to
a perfect piece of work, were not sufficiently objective to con-
sider the special situations which are presented in different coun-
tries and which have already forced us to take actions and solutions
foreign to these they foresaw.
In the drating of the Charter, that is to rogulate interna-
tional commercial relations, it would be better to prepare it in such
a way as to make possible its adaptation to the factual and objec-
tive economic situation of both the different countries and of world
trade, so that even if it does not entirely fulfill the maximum ex-
pectations of a free world trade, it might at least, make possible
a ratification by the greatest number of states. The Organizaticn
which drafts the Charter will, in due course, take upon itself the
taske of a gradual perfecting and widening of the scope in tune with
possibilities and experiences gained in practice . Hewever many the
acceptable exceptions the charter may have to include now, it will
at least show a marked improvement upon the present chaos of inter-
national trade.
My country has come to this conforence and it will cooperate
with all good faith in its work, with the fervent desire and the
earnest hope to see a successful fulfilment of our work, and our
efforts will be directed towards the end that we mayx obtain a
Charter that at the same time as it aids the interchange and grow-
ing relations between countries, does not contain measures that will
embitter our present bitter economic situation or stultify the
achievement of a better economic development in the future.
Thank you Mr. Chairman. ADVANCES 29 November 1947.
HOLD FOR 2 - = :. . O T,
w OF THE INDIAN DELEGATION TO
;_;_«X. i .: _._ PX24 _ïY SESSION Nov. 29.
-e '- - ` --`----D to be present here to-day and
to be shape and form to the draft
Charter ^ . :- c1< : .:^tçK c... Trade Organisation. It is no
small 2 jC oci closely connected with the
various sof the draft Charter since the
first s _ _s i -.^_. . -az The draft Charter still
Si cur hope that as a
t:.C a effort of the representatives of the countries
gatU z here, those differences will have largely disuppeared and the
Charter in -r C -r -'-c C , -i, C:. will have reconciled the needs and aspirations
of individual rs.. -_:`with the requirements of international economic
The- _:-..~ .-!.; rz..; r; diffors materially from
earlier -- _. _ t:.::.; t. .: of mutual understanding
and co- 'C..r7__represented on the
Preparatory G -the principal originally cnunciated have
been . , _ _* _ ' u and circumstances of
countries -_ __ -. -._. in varying stages of
economic ---. ; -^-;<-> w .._.that the present
',.- that it fully reselves all
major . - _j 4- s ... 5some divergence of
@ -. f i -- -s lwill in due course a ^; :
for mi *. 0'on which, members of the
r- n - Indian Delegation reserved its
Nor cIc . framed at present will, the wheel of international
Brit9- __a vof restrictive practions and
load to .n * : . . : ,;:, *31_1rnof world trade on a substantial scalc. in general agreement
c '9- obCharter, it is because they feel
which I shall presently make, the revised opresents the widest measure of
agreement reach on a subject which is free from controversy.
or-. - hc~ Dutstzdie i~03ZU.Os
7 C, ~~~rc- ; ro.-zicy inl a:arcrc
-.-t -. cur -:go;orai
surpot tCczrtcr. dcos r.ot ic-~rDy tht v:
- ., ;: :r.cco on aa , j: tia
3 ;- -. ..al c .iz ," c:h by til 'a sriE _u-
;-l ': . fi_,:ç -- th.:a-b:t ..........- th fdt -c.?,2tia.Jr'âr-\lDO0
torr. 1; . _:.s .-, c- : -; ,^ :'-l cf p:t-ilcto, crn
Di 8 n C~;u t<- - .......... a tr; , ) c : : - Dr-,_ _ c d r, c or dc- by thc
_cl :n ~.-*-^ > : c-.:-sot crr rC..zorooc:o 1'ln sa n
cac-v-_t; ' -ci; scw- -r^1-aoidr.sly as rcseao1c> :.;rc
, __ -_ c _o 'o; br2,iz about a subst:_ntiaa
arnd l - ... .- oc..t:o ,ror.t. It ;,as, thcrcfor_,
Z-Tiî ci O ~. fC f ^uil rd"t ard
Occsno. .i. ... :- . . .-: ____. .a;- __c.-. .9*-^d *'r thc forciront of t ho
draft -z _. _r- .. . ; 9 _ _, .:f-.:o- .f > ; C aS ;) -Ct Sf tis nat tor, .Mr.
Srrc .--. . .: -ilo thor- car- bc ro n .T.C.
VERY BAD ORIGINAL " 2 " for the quick development of the productive >- "lL-C.. of a country, the ageney by which, and the
torms and conditions on which such development should take place are
issues whrich I believe must, in the last analysis, be decided by
national policy. Considerable misgivings on the provisions of the
Charter relating to this subject have been expressed by many countries
which are eitehr on the thresheld of industrialisation or are still in
the early stages of industrial development. These Dgivan are
genuine and cannot be disregarded. It should be the duty of the
appropriate Committee of the Conference to examine with care, understand-
ing and sympathy the ViC'.points of the Delegations from these countries.
Mr. President, I think I have said enough on what I conceive
to be the most fundamental aspect of our economic problem to-day. This
does not mean that my Government belittle the importance of the draft
Charter in its bearing on the development of intornational trade. On
the contrary, we welcome the draft Charter as the first attompt at
evolving a comprehensive body of principles for regulating the conditions
of international trade.yh!C fthe full effects of the operation
of these principles will not be felt until the special difficulties
brought about by the war and its aftermath have been successfully over-
come. A cede of conduct does not, however, lose its value or importance
merely because it is not applicable to a particular set of cirix'w..v:anccc
or because deviations from it must be allowed to suit the special needs
of particular countrice for limited periods of time.
Before I conclude, Mr. President, I would like to say a word
about the nature of the organisation which is to administer the Inter-
national Trade Charter. How in this Au l or outside, Mr. President,
can object to the high aims set forth in Article 1 of the draft Charter,
namely "the attainment of higher standards of living, full employment
and conditions of economic and social pregress and development". If
these objectives are to be attained, the administration of the Charter
must be in the hands of a body which is fully representative of the
different types of economy and whcih will appreach its task in a spirit
of mutual understanding, good will and co-operation. That way alone
lies the succes of ary international organization. |
GATT Library | bj468wh9127 | Speech-by Sir Ernest Guest (Minister of Defense and Air). Leader of the Southern Rhodesian Delegation to the United Nations Conference of Trade and Emploment | United Nations International Trade Employment Conference, November 27, 1947 | Department of Public Information Havana, Cuba and United Nations International Trade Employment Conference | 27/11/1947 | press releases | Press Release ITO/49 and ITO/48-73 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/bj468wh9127 | bj468wh9127_90200342.xml | GATT_155 | 851 | 5,290 | UNITED NATIONS INTEPRNATIONAL TRADE & EMPLOYMENT CONFERENCE
Department of Public Information
Havana, Cuba.
Press Release ITO/49
27 November 1947
SPEECH -BY SOR ERNEST GUESTOF DEFENSE AND AIR)
LEADER OF THE SOUTHARN RHODESIAN DELEGATION THE UNITED
NATIONS CONFRENCE OF TRADE AND EMPLOMEHT,
FOR DELIVERY EXPECTED TOMORROW 28 NOVEMBER
Mr. President, Follow Delegates:
This is the first occasion on which the country I have the
honour to represent has been invited to attend an international con-
ference of these dimensions in its own right. To us the occasion
is a noteworthy milestone in the histor our development, a de-
velopment which our great founder, Cecil John Rhodes, could scarcely
have contemplated when less than sixty years ago, with his great
vision and humanitarianism, he founded what is now the self-govern-
ing Colony of Southern Rhodesia.
As Leader of this Delegation, I wish to express on behalf of
my Government and the people of the Colony my deep appreciation of
the recognition of the fact that while not a Member of the United
Nations and net enjoying complete sovereign rights in every respect,
wc do possess full autonomy in respect of the conduct of our ex-
ternal commercial relations and are therefore directly and materi-
ally interested in the purpose for which this Conference has been
summoned.
Southern Rhodosia is one of the countries affected by the de-
cision of the Economic and Social Council to restrict voting rights
to Members of the United Nations. I agree with other honorable
Delegates who have expressed their disappointment and dissatisfac-
tion with this decision but I am confident that the body which
made the decision can and will unmake it if this Conforence takes
(MORE) - 2 - Guest
ITO/49
what appears to me to be the only course available and submits the
question for re-consideration. It seems highly anomalous that
Eurma, Ceylon and Southern Rhodesia, which were recognized at
Geneva as contracting parties and took part in the Discussions there
should now not be pormitted the right to vote on a Charter which
should have a considerate bearing on the future economic and social
conditions in these countries. I am, however, constrained to say
that Southern Rhodesia is willing and anxious to make its maximum
contribution towards the high aims of this Conference in particular
and of the united Nations in general. It was privileged in war to
make a contribution cut of all proportion to the size of its popu-
Iation and its wealth, and it earnestly desires to make no less a
contribution towards the preservation of peace and the development
of a higher standard of living, full employment and conditions of
economic progress and development envisaged by the Charter for the
peoples of the world.
At the moment, Southern Rhodesia' s external trade, while ex-
ceeding that of some Members of the United Nations, has not yet
assumed large proportions. My country, however, is rich in natural
rescureas, the exploitation of which is not only likely to revo-
lutionize her internal economic position but also, we hope, add con-
siderably to the volume of international trade. These developments
are under active consideration at present and include such measures
as the conservation and harnessing of the waters of the great Zambesi
River. ^ have chrome, iron and coal deposits of immense size which,
coupled with the easily available power, provide a field of progress
which must extend to all spheros of economic and social activity.
The provisions of the Charter which deal with economic development
are consequently very important to us. We particularly welcome those
(MORE) - 3 - Guest
ITO/49
clauses which encourage the more experiend and the economically
stronger members to help weaker members to quicken the process of
their development. We firmly believe that such co-operative action
is the surest path to general economic recovery - not because my
country, being largely undeveloped, may gain internally thereby but
because fuller production has a generating force which must re-act
favorably on all participants in international trade.
If the spirit underlying the Charter is observed, there will
be no room for selfishness or narrow nationalism which in the past
has so often shattered the peace of the world. I feel sure that
you will agree if I add that the aims and purposes of the Charter
depend for their fulfilment on the will of the peoples of the
countries here represented to give effect to them and that a heavy
responsibility devolves upon us here to see to it that pubIic
oppinion in our respective countries is properly informed so that
the spirit which animates us here may be passed on to the people
by whom the principles of the Charter must be sustained.
I also desire as a newcomer to those conferences to express
appreciation of the friendly and co-operative atmosphere which per-
vades the meetings I have already attended - a characteristic which
must appeal to anyone privileged to attend these assemblies and at
the same time an inspiration to make every effort to bring to
fruition the hih aims and ideals to which the nations have dedi-
cated temselves. |
GATT Library | hz761qr8975 | Standstill : Notification | Multilateral Trade Negotiations the Uruguay Round, [ca. 1947 - 1994] | Surveillance Body | NaT | official documents | MTN.SB/SN/ and 0258-0268 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/hz761qr8975 | hz761qr8975_92020279.xml | GATT_155 | 89 | 667 | RESTRICTED
MTN.SB/SN/
MULTILATERAL TRADE
NEGOTIATIONS
THE URUGUAY ROUND
Special Distribution
Surveillance Body
STANDSTILL
Notification
1. Participant notifying:
2. Participant maintaining the measure:
3. Description of the measure (including date of entry into force and
reference to any relevant legislation or other document):
4. Products covered, including tariff headings (CCCN where applicable,
otherwise national tariff lines):
5. Country or countries to which the measure applies:
GATT SECRETARIAT
UR-87-0259
./. - 2 -
6. Relevance of the measure to the standstill commitment:
7. Comments by the participant maintaining the measure:
./. |
GATT Library | vz868ny3436 | Statement by Arthur Guinness President of the International Chamber of Commerce | United Nations Conference on Trade & Employment, November 28, 1947 | Department of Public Information Havana, Cuba and United Nations Conference on Trade & Employment | 28/11/1947 | press releases | Press Release ITO/56 and ITO/48-73 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/vz868ny3436 | vz868ny3436_90200347.xml | GATT_155 | 1,113 | 6,804 | UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE & EMPLOYMENT
Department of Public Information
Havana; Cuba
CHECK AGAINST DELIVRY Press Release ITO/56
28 November 1947
STATEMENT BY ARTHUR GUINNESS
PRESIDENT OF THE INTERNATIONAL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
As president of the International Chamber of Commerce, I wish
this Conference every success from the many million business men
affiliated to the Chamber in the thirty-six countries participating
in our work.
The International Chamber of Commerce was founded in 1919,
on the inspiration of a far-seeing statesman, Mr, Etienne Clementel,
of France, with the object of encouraging the growth of international
trade. During the 30's, the I.C.C. battled unsuccessfully against
the rising tide of restriction which plagued that era, and undoubt-
edly contributed to war. But at that tire the seeds were sown
which ncw have developed into the World Trade Charter and Inter-
national Trade Organization.
The world has now another chance to take the right road.
Today the objective must be not only the free flow of international
trade, as an aim in itself, but the desire of all for a High and
Stable level of Employment and a rising standard of living for all;
in fact, the happiness cf all our people. Expansion of production
and trade, internal and external, is the only way to achieve this.
A healthy external trade is the by-product of a healthy internal
trade, but is an essential corollary.
The I.C.C. believes that the growth of multilateral trade
and the revival and expansion of foreign investments are indispen-
sable prerequisites of prosperous economic developments and of
high and effective employment and increasing standards of living.
(MORE) GUINNESS -- ICC -2- ITO/56
You, gentlemen, are, so to speak, creating a rule of the
road for world trade; and we, business men represent the users
of the road and also those who produce the revenue to maintain the
road. Give us a broad highway, with sound foundations and smooth
surface, and a liberal highway code to allow business to function
freely and play its part in creating world trade and prosperity.
In short, give business the tools, and it will deliver the goods.
The ICC has labored long and deeply on the subject of the
Charter and International Trade Organization, and you already have
before you our suggestions on the present draft of the Charter, so
I will not enter inte technical details. In many ways the present
Charter is an improvement, but, alas!, in many others it seems to
have lost sight of its objectives, in the multiplicity and vista
of exceptions. We realize that yoursis no easy task, Six years
of devastating war have left their mark, and we are in reality now
facing the aftermath of the most destructive war in history. The
only way out of the morass in which the world now finds itself is
to improve the technique and efficiency of production and distribu-
tion, and yours is the latter problem,
But, gentlemen, you cannot expand by restricting.
Now the opening speeches of many of the Delegations. show
that many cf the nations which have come together on this problem
for the first time seem bent on more restrictions and more excep-
tions. We shall never succeed that way. We, of the International
Chamber of Commerse realize that. international economics is no exact
science, and indeed it is an art, and in solving these vast prob-
lems much give-and-take is necessary, and we are all liable to make
the simplest human errors. To illustrate my point, a ce. tain Euro-
pean central bank, in 1945, made a payments agreement with the Bank
of England. Thinking they would be the lenders, and out of good
will to England, they suggested that they should be no limit to the
(MORE) ICC -3- ITO/56
overdraft cach bank should accorded the other. Now, after two, years,
it is the continental bank which is the debtor to the extent of many
millions of pounds.
Now, gentlemen, you will be the last whe will want to create
a Charter so complex and so full of exceptions as only in the future
to be an object of contention on interpretation between the school-
men and the lawyers; so I suggest to all to bear in mind the slogan
posted up in our railway stations in England during thee war, when
transport was so vital: "Is your journey really necessary?" And
I suggest the Cenference enter into a self-denying ordinance and
adopt restrictive measures on reservations and loopholes, and each
time a Delegation puts forward a new loophole it ask itself, "Is
my amendment really necessary?"
Gentlemen, it is the simplest things of life which are often
the greatest. The great objective, in the view of the ICC, is to
get the International Trade Organization set up based on simple
broad principles. It might be possible at the final session of the
Conference to pass a short introductory resolution to set out these
principles in presenting the Charter. The man in the street as well
as the harassed statesman need a set of clear-cut long-range ob-
jectives to inspire them and to afford guidance and to serve as a
beacon-light in the fog-bound stormy seas of the present-day world
econcmy.
Remember, gentlemen, it is not the written word which is the
most important, but the men who are to administer the Charter, which
will count for good or ill and the willingness and the single-minded
intention of the several members to make the Charter work. It is
this ultimate purpose which will make or mar the results of your work.
The great thing is to get the Organization set up as soon as
possible, get the very best men to. run it, and then, empirically,
with good will and conciliation, work out the problems as they arise.
(MORE) ICC -4- ITO/56
Nations getting to understand each other and each others problems.
sitting around the table at the International Trade Organization.
Instead of trying to provide for every contingency now by writing
it into the Charter, let us build up a body of case-made law found-
ed on ætual experience. This is all long-term work, and what may
seem vital today to a Delegation become a small matter a few year;
hence, Provision should, therefore, be made for revision of the
Charter, say at three-year periods during its earlier years, and
at longer intervals thereafter.
Gentlemen, the world demands a real success from this Con-
ference, and its results will be judged by its effectiveness in
getting world trade to expand and contribute to the prosperity of
all peoples. We, of the International Chamber of Commerce, believe
that world peace, world trade, and prosperity, are indivisible. |
GATT Library | yw950dq0167 | Statement by Rt. Hon. Walter Nash, Minister of Finance and Customs, and Leader of New Zealand Delegation, Before Plenary Meeting of United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment | United Nations Conference on Trade & Employment, November 28, 1947 | Department of Public Information Havana, Cuba and United Nations Conference on Trade & Employment | 28/11/1947 | press releases | Press Release ITO/68 and ITO/48-73 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/yw950dq0167 | yw950dq0167_90200358.xml | GATT_155 | 1,833 | 11,579 | UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE & EMPLOYMENT
Department of Public Information
Havana, Cuba
ADVANCE TEXT Press Release ITO/68
CHECK AGAINST DELIVERY 28 November 1947
EXPECTED FRIDAY AFTERNOON
STATEMENT BY RT. HON. WALTER NASH, MINISTER OF
FINANCE AND CUSTOMS, AND LEADER OF NEW ZEALAND
DELEGATION, BEFORE PLENARY MEETING OF UNITED
NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT.
The Government of New Zealand has sent its delegation to the
Conference to assist in establishing an International Trade Organi-
zation to achieve the objectives as set out in the first chapter of
the draft charter. Insofar as the members of the delegation can
help they will on all occasions work towards that end. We are
still hopeful that adjustments may be made in some provisions of
the charter to remove any deubt that the policies which we consider
to be essential to the achievement of the objectives may be con-
tinued. My first point then is that we are here to help to frame
the charten. At the same time we will seek by very possible means
to improve the charter.
We are all faced with a danger to which I feel obliged to
draw attention. There is e tendency - perhaps sub-conscious, but
certainly present in all of us in varying degrees - to approach a
subject with a pre-concesived and fixed opinion that we are, right.
The danger is is ne amount of discussion will shake our opinions,
We will hear many divergent opinions at this conference. From the
aspect of international co-operation, some may be right; seme may
be wrong. Opinions of all kinds and shades, which are often
henestly presented as ethical axioms, are too frequently based on
national economic self-interest; an attitude which in the interests
of international co-operation we must be prepared to modify. In
fellowing this policy wc may well find that international co-opera-
tion we must be prepared to modify. In following this policy we
may well find that international co-operation has brought the
attainmet of our national objectives closer within our reach.
(MORE) -2 -
ITO/68
How does New Zealand see the present draft? Its pur-
pose is one to which all can subscribe. There is general
agreement that the purposes and objectives outlined in
Chapter I are desirable and practicable of attainment.
The fundamental objective of the Charter is that of
higher living standards which means not merely a sufficiency
of the material things of life but a longer, healthier, happ-
ier life with freedom from insecurity and fear. To this end
full employment and international trade are only means. In
mary parts of the world - in the relatively undeveloped coun-
tries and also within the larger countries which are usually
considered to have reached a high level of development -
there are too many peoplewhose standards of living are in-
tolerably low. Wide differences in living standards whether
between countries or between groups within a single country,
cause tension which inevitably leads to economic and social
conflict and ultimately may lead to war. If we fail to remove
these economic barriers to international goodwill and to in-
dustrial peace, we shall be responsible for the disastrous
consequences. So long as basic human needs remain unsatisfied,
we who are more fortunate must make the fulfilment of those need
an urgent task of the first importance. In this enlightened
age the peoples of the world will not tolerate indefinitely
the disequilibrium in distribution of goods which has charac-
terized international economy in the past.
For too long the world has beer divided into two groups -
the dominant, and the subservient - and the exploitation by
one of the other has brought about an unjust and undesirable
state of tension. Some colonizing nations have made a great
contribution to the expansion of production and the raising of
living standards, but many methods adopted in the past will not
be tolerated in the world of the future. It is more than
MORE -3- ITO/68
ever necessary to exploit natural resources wherever they are,
but exploitation of people must cease.
An American sage, Abraham Lincoln, once said "You cannot
have a world half slave, half free".. Another great American
has saidñ
"You cannot hem the hope of being free
By parallels of latitude, by mountain range or sea."
New Zealand has been associated throughout with the develop-
ment of the Charter. We have been glad to co-operate because
we believe that the purposes and objectives of the Charter must
be achieved in order that world peace be maintained. New Zea-
land is one of the. "have" nations. There is no poverty in
New Zealand, neither is there any fear of poverty. The standard
of living of our people is highiÑ production and trade per
capita are among the highest in the world. Proportionately
we contribute at a high level to international prosperity. We
believe, however, that we can improve on the present position
if satisfactory conditions are-provided.
With this in mind New Zealand desires to place the greatest
emphasis on the fundamentals in the first part of the Charter;
for, if these highly laudable principles were observed in prqc-
tice by all members, so-called trade restrictions, which are
symptomatic of deeper disorders, would to a large extent be
unnecessary. By all means let us safeguard against the restric-
tionist and unenlightened use of these devices - but such
safeguards are the negative aspects of much more fundamental
problems, In our disucssions here, and later when I.T.O. is
functioning, we must concentrate on the positive task of carry-
ing out the policies of full employment, rising demand, balanced
payments and, equally as important, the development of the
under-developed countries.
MORE -4- ITO/68 One of the means provided in the Charter to achieve our
purpose is that of multilateralism. This, term must not he confused
with. Free Trade. Whatever help multilateral tariff rates or Free
Trade may give, neither will solve the problem with which we nre
faced. What is necessary is to maximise production, promote in-
terrnational exchange; and ensure effective demand in all countries,
The trade desired is trade which is large and expanding and which
is not subject to sudden and wide fluctuations in price or volume.
This, New Zealand submits, can best be achieved by some degree of
planning, subject to safeguards against discrimination and restriction.
New Zealand has for some years operated. quantitative regulation
of its foreign grade, We are convinced that this method, in con-
junction with general planning and diversification and development
of production, is better than tariffs or subsiders for regulating
and expandin, trade. New Zealand has consistently endeavoured
with some measure of success to maximise its external trade. New
Z ealand, accepting the demands of war conditions, has discriminted
since 1939 in favour of certain countries but has announced its
intention, except under the compulsion of soprce currencies, to
follow the principles of the Charter and to abolish all discriminntton,
The trade and economy of New Z ealand is specialised. A
particularly high Proportion of our external exchange is gained
from the export of animal products. The money value of these ex-
ports per capita is the highest of any country in the word. We
can increase the volume of exportable foodstuffs - but sale at
stable prices is essential to the maintenance of our Internal
economy and the overall expansion of production, The high degree
of specialisation achieved in our farming industries has pro-
gressively liberated manpower to other pursuits, and this particular
factor, associated with non-availability of manufactured goods from
ather countries, has led to the development of secondary industries, ITO/68 -5-
We have found in practice over a period that a policy of
Import selection or quentitative regulation, together with a con-
trol of exchange, has enabled us more fully to develop our re-.
sources. On a number of occasions it has been stressed that
continuity in these policies is essontial to ensure maximum
internal development. The dangers of unqualified restriction are
recognised and New Z ealand has always been prepared to subscribe
to any reasonrable safeguard against abuse.
May I summarise. New Zeainnd has been operating a managed,
economy policy for the past nine years. Under this economy we
have guaranteed primary producers a price for their commodities
sufflcient to cover the costs incurred. by the average. efficient
farmer, together with a. full return for his capital and labour,
Since the commence ment of the war New Zealand has sold its meat
and dairy products through Bulk Contracts. After making provision
for debt service licenses for imports have been issued to the full
extent of the available overseas exchange.
We desire to continue our Bulk Sale a system and also our
system of guaranteeing a price that will cover costs to our pro-
ducers of meat and dairy products.
We believe that domestic planning and deliberate government
direction and guiding of production and distribution will in
many cases bring better re sults than the frec play of market forces,..
We desire to continue the policy of quautitative regulation
of our trade so long as the regulation provides for expansion of
trade as opposed to restriction.
We are appreciative of the great co-operation shown by the
retpresentatives of the countries at Geneve in their consideration
of New Zealand policy. We come here, as said at the beginning
of my address, to do all that we can to promote an effective
Charter and to build and efficient organization.
(MORE) ITO/86
We believed that the objectives of the Organization can best
be released by each nation:
(I) consciously developing the human and material resources
oi its territory with the object of maximum production
of goods and services In current need;
(Il) exporting all goods surplus to current requirements:
(III) importing to the limit of its export realisations after
debt and other external commitmernts are met; and
(Iv) negotipting with other nations with a view to promoting
that development of international industrial speciplisition
which, while enabling each nation to make the maximum
contribution to world production and living standards,
preserves at the same time its own living standards,
These objectives In particular require the assistance of the older
nations in the supply of credit by way of investment and the pro-
vision of the necessary capital equipment to enable the countrie-
at present under-developed to employ their people on the resources
of the lands over which they maintain sovereignty, With the fullest
assistance in this direction production and living standards can
be impeoced a hundred-fold within a reasonbly short period.
The need has never been so great. The tesk has never been
more difficult; but the objective, If realised, will be worth all
the difficulties and the toil and patience involved. I hope,
Gentlemen, that by the end of Janupry next we will be well on the
way to a more sensible, rational and worthwhile system of produce;
tion and distribtion for the benefit of all who contribute their
share of work and service to provide the things that make life
desirable. |
GATT Library | nq207bv5942 | Statement by the Delegation of India on the Pakistan Delegation's amendment to Article 75 and on the speech of the Pakistan Delegate in support of the amendment | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 22, 1947 | 22/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/INF.71 and E/CONF.2/INF.8-110 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/nq207bv5942 | nq207bv5942_90180105.xml | GATT_155 | 1,785 | 11,337 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/INF.71
22 December 1947
ON DU
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
STATEMENT BY THE DELEGATION OF INDIA ON THE PAKISTAN DELEGATION'S
AMENDMENT TO ARTICLE 75 AND ON THE SPEECH OF THE PAKISTAN DELEGATE
IN SUPPORT OF THE AMENDMENT
The following communication received from the delegation of India is
submitted for the information of delegates:
1. With reference to the amendment proposed by the Pakistan Delegation
to Article 75 of the draft Charter (document E/CONF.2/C.6/2/Add.5 of
4th December 1947) and the speech made by Mr. M. H. Gazdar, Delegate for
Pakistan, in Committee VI (Organisation) on 16th December, 1947, the
full text of which has been circulated (document E/CONF.2/INF.68 dated
19th December, 1947), the Indian Delegation wishes to make the following
statement.
2. The Pakistan Delegation have proposed the substitution of the words
"India and pakistan" for "India" occuring in sub-paragraph I (a) of
Alternative A of Article 75 of the draft Charter, and the Pakistan
delegate has described this as a purely "verbal amendment". In support
of this amendment, the Pakistan Delegation have stated that the
Preparatory Committee has used the word "India" in the sense of India
before partition throughout the Charter. This statement if incorrect.
At the time when the draft Charter was finalised at Geneva, India was
already partitioned, and India and Pakistan had come into existence as
two independent Dominions. Throughout the Charter, therefore, India
has been used in the sense of the Dominion of India. That is why
wherever it was found necessary to refer to pre-partition India, the
Charter does so by qualifying "India" by words like "as at
10th April 1947" or "before partition" as has been done at pages 59,
65 and 67. There could, therefore, be no doubt that "India" in
Article 75 refers to the Dominion of India and not to pre-partition
India, and consequently the amendment proposed by the Pakistan Delegation
is one of substance and not a purely verbal amendment as stated by the
Delegate for Pakistan.
3. The decision of the Preparatory Committee to include India in
sub-paragraph (a) of paragraph I of Alternative A and in sub-paragraph (a)
of paragraph 5 of Alternative C was based on a careful consideration of
India's relative economic importance after partition. The Committee
/unanimously agreed E/CONF.2/INF.71
Page 2
unanimously agreed that, even after partition, the Dominion of India
retained her position as one of the eight countries of chief economic
importance and that the Dominion was accordingly entitled to a
non-elective seat on the Executive Board, should the principle of
non-elective seats be adopted. (Vide the Proceedings of Commission B
on the 17th August, 1947, and the speech of Sir Raghavan Pillai, Leader
of the Indian Delegation, in document E/PC/T/B/PV/31 dated the
17th August 1947). The contention of the Pakistan Delegation, therefore,
that India secured this recognition on the basis of her pre-partition
status is entirely without foundation.
4. Before the Preparatory Committee decided to include the Dominion of
India among countries of chief economic importance, the Indian Delegation
circulated to other Delegations a statement giving the relevant facts
and figures regarding the relative economic importance of the new
Dominions of India and Pakistan. This statement is reproduced below
as part of this statement for the information of the Delegations to this
Conference. The Delegate for Pakistan has suggested that the ratio of;
2 : 1 between the Dominions of India and Pakistan has been used by the
Governments of the two Dominions for partition purposes and that if the
same ratio were used in this case, the Dominion of India, in point of
economic importance, would rank below Argentina, Italy, Australia and
Sweden (Document E/CONF.2/C.6/SR.13 dated 17th December, 1947). The
Indian Delegation wishes to point out that there has been no agreement
between the Governments of India and Pakistan adopting the ratio of
2 :1 for the purpose of determining the relative economic importance
of India in relation to Pakistan. On the contrary, under an agreement
just concluded on the division of cash balances between the two
Governments, Pakistan has been allotted roughly 18.75 percent of the
balances. Indeed, for the present purpose, the ratio is not a matter
of agreement, but one of statistical fact, and is, therefore, to be
determined on the basis of figures, for population, national income
and external trade of India and Pakistan respectively, as has been in
the statement of the Indian Delegation reproduced below. What is
more important, however, is that even if, for the sake of argument,
the figures in the statement below were to be re-calculated on the
basis of the ratio suggested by the Pakistan Delegation (namely,
India : Pakistan - 2: 1), due allowance being made for the trade
between India and Pakistan, which after partition becomes the foreign
trade of each, the Dominion of India would still rank among the first
eight countries of chief economic importance and thus continue to be
/entitled to a E/CONF.2/INF.71
Page 3
entitled to a non-elective seat, should the principle of non-elective
seats be adopted.
5. The Pakistan Delegation have suggested that if India is allotted
a non-elective seat on the Executive Board, she should share it with
India on the analogy of the seat allotted to the Customs Union of
Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. The Indian Delegation wishes
to point out that the trade and customs relations of India and Pakistan
are at present governed by a stand-still agreement which is limited in
duration to the period ending the 28th February next, and that no
analogy could be drawn between this temporary arrangement and the
"Benelux" Customs Union. India and Pakistan may enter into permanent
or long-term arrangements in future to cover their mutual trade and
it is to provide for such arrangements that the Indian Delegation has
proposed an addition to Article 94 of the draft Charter. But the fact
remains that no such arrangement is at present in existence. In the
circumstances India cannot be expected to commit herself to joint
representation with Pakistan on the Executive Board merely on the ground
that in the past they formed parts of one country.
/DOCUMENT E/PC/T/173 Page 4
DOCUMENT E/PC/T/173 DATED THE 15TH AUGUST, 1947, CIRCULATED AT
GENEVA AFTER PARTITION OF INDIA AND BEFORE THE PREPARATORY
COMMITTEE DECIDED TO INCLUDE THE DOMINION OF INDIA AMONG
COUNTRIES OF CHIEF ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
"INDIA'S RELATIVE ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE BEFORE AND AFTER PARTITION
With reference to Part B, paragraph II (b) of the Report of the Committee
on Voting and Membership of the Executive Board and paragraph 1 (a) of the
text of Article 72 recommended by that Committee (E/PC/T/143), the Indian
Delegation wishes to circulate the following statistical data to show that
in order of economic importance the Dominion of India will rank at least
as high as India did before partition.
Before Partition
The relative economic importance of India before partition is indicated
by the following figures given on page 11 of the document E/PC/T/143.
Foreign Trade (average 1938/39 and latest
12 months available) ... 27 points
National Income, 1940 ... ... ... 24 points.
Total: 51 points
On the basis of these figures, India before partition ranked seventh, the
first six countries being United States of America, United Kingdom,
Union of Soviet Socialist Republic, France, Canada and the Netherlands.
After Partition
1. National Income
The national income of the whole of India including Pakistan has been
estimated at $12,000 million. The population of Pakistan counts to
69 million or 18 per cent of the total population of India including Pakistan,
which is 386 million (1941 Census), On the basis of this ratio, the points
to be assigned to the Dominion of India an account of national income at the
rate of 2 points for every $1,000 million, work out to 20.
2. Foreign Trade
The average foreign trade of India including Pakistan in 1938/39 and
the latest twelve months amounted to Rs. 4,560 million, or roughly $1,370
million, which, at the rate of 20 points for every $1,000 million, is
equivalent to twenty-seven points.
3. The average foreign trade of the two parts of Pakistan, namely, Karachi
and Chittagong during the same period was approximately Rs. 636 million,
or $191 million, which is equivalent to four points.
4. Therefore, if no account is taken of the trade between the Dominions of
/India and E/CONF.2/INF.71
Page 5
India and Pakistan, the points to be assigned to the Dominion of India on
account of foreign trade would be twenty-three.
5. The trade between the Dominions of India and Pakistan will, however,
be part of the foreign trade of each. It is estimated on the basis of the
average for 1936/39 and the latest year, that Pakistan will export to the
Dominion of India at least 4.85 million bales of raw jute valued at
Rs. 504 million and at least 560,000 tons of wheat valued at RS. 96 million.
It is estimated, further, that exports of sugar from the Dominion of India
to Pakistan will amount to at least 134,000 tons valued at Rs. 56 million.
These figures are based on actual trade movements and involve no speculation
as to the future. The total trade between India and Pakistan on account of
these three commodities only, namely, jute, wheat and sugar, would thus
amount to at least Rs. 656 million or $197 million, which is equivalent
to four points. If only two more points were added to cover only a part of
the trade in the numerous other commodities such as cotton piece-goods,
cotton, rice, hides and skins, coal, jute manufactures, oilseeds, tea etc.,
the additional points to be allowed to the Dominion of India on account of
its trade with Pakistan would be six.
6. The total number of points to be assigned to the Dominion of India on
account of its foreign trade on the basis of the preceding two paragraphs
would, therefore, be twenty-nine. The net result is as follows:
National Income of the Dominion of India 20 points
Foreign Trade of the Dominion of India 29 points (minimum)
Total 49 points
7. The above estimates have been made on the most conservative basis and
are intended to serve only the immediate purpose. They will suffice to show
that the Dominion of India taken by itself and independently of any customs
relationship it may have with Pakistan will by no means rank lower than
seventh in order of economic importance and would in fact rank much higher
if all relevant factors were taken into account. The Dominion of India,
therefore, should not have been excluded from the list of countries given in
paragraph 1 (a) of the text of Article 72 recommended by the Committee." |
|
GATT Library | mq071ys3384 | Statement by the Delegation of the United States | United Nations Economic and Social Council, February 8, 1947 | United Nations. Economic and Social Council and Preparatory Commission of the Conference on Trade and Employment Drafting Committee | 08/02/1947 | official documents | E/PC/T/C.6/53 and E/PC/T/C.6/37-55 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/mq071ys3384 | mq071ys3384_90230105.xml | GATT_155 | 381 | 2,560 | United Nations Nations Unies
RESTRICTED
ECONOMIC CONSEIL E/PC/T/C.6/53
AND ECONOMIQUE 8 February 1947
SOCIAL COUNCIL ET SOCIAL ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
DRAFTING COMMITTEE OF THE PREPARATORY COMMITTEE OF THE
UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT
STATEMENT BY THE DELEGATION OF THE UNITED STATES
The United States considers that tariff negotiations in accordance with
the Second Stage of the Memorandum on Procedures (Annexure 10 of the Report
of the First Session), should begin on 8 April. With regard to the timing of
the initiation of discussions on the draft Charter, the United States believes
that a number of the provisions of the Charter might usefully be examined
contemporaneously with the initial discussions on tariffs, it being understood
that the tariff negotiations should in all cases have priority in the event
of a conflict of meetings.
This view is based upon the following consideraticns:
1. The Second Stage of the tariff negotiations envisages that each
member will submit a schedule of the proposed concessions which it
would be prepared to grant to all other members in the light of the
concessions it would have requested of each of them. It seems clear
that a period will be required for each of the members to study and
evaluate fully the offers conditionally made by other members, and
it would appear desirable to use this interval for Charter discussions
to the extent practicable.
2. On certain fundamental provisions of the Charter, a conditional
and tentative understanding has not been reached among all members
of the Preparatory, Committee. Failure to obtain a conditional
understanding on these provisions may well impede tariff negotiations
between the members concerned, particularly in view of the doubt
it would cast on the value of the tariff concessions to be exchanged.
/In view of E/PC/T/C.6/53 Page 2
In view of the foregoing, the United States wishes to propose that
the Delegations. of the various members which wlil arrive at Geneva on
8 April, should include both persons competent to discuss tariffs, and
persons competent to discuss the draft Charter. This will permit progress
to be made on any point whenever progress is practicable and will avoid
possible loss of time in carrying forward, during the relatively short
period available for the Second Session, the heavy tasks which will fall
in the Geneva meeting. |
GATT Library | sb825rv6803 | Statement by U Kyin, O.B.E., Chief Secretary to the Government of Burma, leader of the Burma Delegation | United Nations Conference on Trade & Employment, November 27, 1947 | Department of Public Information Havana, Cuba and United Nations Conference on Trade & Employment | 27/11/1947 | press releases | PRESS RELEASE ITO/47 and ITO/1-48 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/sb825rv6803 | sb825rv6803_90200339.xml | GATT_155 | 833 | 5,238 | UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE & EMPLOYMENT
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC INFORMATION
HAVANA, CUBA
PRESS RELEASE ITO/47
27 NOVEMBER 1947
PLEASE HOLD FOR RELEASE
UPON DELIVERY
STATEMENT BY U KYIN, O.B.E., CHIEF
SECRETARY TO THE. GOVERNMENT OF BURMA,
LEADER OF THE BURMA DELEGATION.
Mr. President,
The Government of Burma had followed with keen interest the
progress of the Draft Charter from the original form in which it
was proposed by the United States of America to what it is at
present. The Charter is of special significance to us.
It has been said that the interest of countries in the
stability of international trade is in measure with their share
of it - those with a greater share having a greater interest. I
wish to point out the other view that small countries with smaller
share in international trade have an equal, if not greater, inter-
est in the stability of international trade. For these countries,
especially those which are in a rapid process of political develop-
ment like Burma which I represent, the achievement of the goal
set for ourselves and the shredding of the dregs of colonial
status depend almost exclusively on the ability to raise the
material standards of life. And for this we need a stable market
for our products and a stable source of supply for our needs.
We therefore look up to the Charter as an instrument that
will best guarantee our aspirations and we are prepared to con-
tribute our share however meagre it may be. However, it is also
necessary that the Charter should be so flexible and capacious `
that it should provide the maximum opportunity for the development
of underdeveloped nations. If it happens to freeze the relative
levels of economic development it would become the greatest burden Page ITO/47
27 November 1947.
Looking from the employment angle also it would be a. source of
instability should the Charter merely aim at achieving full omploy-
ment irrespective of the differing levels of labour standards'-of
various countries. It should aim at raising the lower levels to
the higher and not merely content itself with elimination of sub-
standard conditions of labour. It is therefore necessary that the
Charter should permit the maximum possible scope for legitimate
measures aimed at raising the underdeveloped countries. It
should not impose rigid restrictions on what they should not do
and what they should do. The guiding principle should be the
simple and flexible rule that such measures should be reasonable
and least restrictive of international trande. Imposition of rigid
prcedures and restrictions will only lead to evasion and conflict.
It is also necessary that the Charter should not brand
any form of measure as undesirable and bad. The organization
should be capable of ccoior'rtingall types of economy and social
philosophy. This is especially important for underdeveloped
countries because the objective conditions of these countries may
be such that a large measure of particiption by the state in the
economic life of the country will be necessary. Speaking for my
own counltry Burma, she has been very badly battered during the
Second World War, She suffered more devastation perhaps than any
ccuntry in Asia from. that War, She needs rehabilitation in all
respects, particularly in her economic field. The economic
stability in her case can only be realized by increasing produc-
tion all round, by preventing the inflationary spiral from taking
one
MORE -3-
ITO/47
27 .november 1947
more turn for the worse, by controlling imports and in short. by working
out a completely planned economy. A planned economy will, however, dis-
pense with the techniques of the free market as it generally defies the
normal pattoens of economic behaviour. It is accepted that no country's
economy is static and that each in its own way must undergo a constant
process of re-adaptation. It may, in the case of aricultural countries
like Burma, be that development should necessarily involve a wide range
of new manufacturing industries beyond making improvements in the field
of primary production by the use of modern methods in the technique of
primary production. Any agreement between my country and other nations
of the world must permit such a scope to rehabilitate her devastated
economy and our amendments to the Draft Charter now before us for con-
sideration willl be directed towards this end.
Finally the I.T.0. if it were to be true to then objectives
set forth in the Draft Charter should accommodate those countries which
are not competely independent. They should be accommodated not on an
inferior basis, but on terms of full equality. Then only will the Char-
ter be an effective instrument to end colonial economies and be the hope
of semi-independent and independent countries. I speak this because my
country knows what sufferings and what difficulties are involved in a
colonial economy. The Charter as an instrument to end such disadvantages
will not only bring about. the happiness of a great mass of humanity but
will also be an instrument of peace |
GATT Library | gz772zm9256 | Statement covering request of the Cuban Delegation to negotitate tariff on table potatoes | Contracting Parties, [ca. 1947 - 1994] | Contracting Parties | NaT | official documents | GATT/CP.3/45 Annex and GATT/CP.3/45 Annex | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/gz772zm9256 | gz772zm9256_90320220.xml | GATT_155 | 469 | 3,261 | Contracting Parties STRICTLY COFIDENTIAL
Third Session
STATEMENT COVERING REQUEST OF THE CUBAN DELEGATION
TO NEGOTITATE TARIFF ON TABLE POTATOES
In the Second Session of the Contracting Parties, held at Ge-
neva in 1948, our Government was authorized to negotiate with the
United Statee certain number of items of the Cuban Customs Tariff.
Since that time our experience has proven the necessity of
making certain adjustments in three additional items in our Tariff,
"!_-~iig "Table Potatoes", and inasmuch as these items (260;B 260-C
and 260-D) were initially negotiated with the United States and Ca-
nada, and are included in Parts I and II of Schedule IX (Cuba),
annexed to the General Agreement, our Delegation hereby requests the
Contracting Parties its authorization in order to make the above
mentioned adjustments in our Tariff by means of negotiations with
the United States and Canada.
For the Contracting Parties' information, we wish to mention
below the items which would be affected, and the duties for the
Most Favored Nation and Preferential Tariffs.
TARIFF UNIT OF M.F.N. PREF.
NUMBER PRODUCT DOTY TARIFF TARIFF
260-B Potatoes, not specifically
classified, imported from
November 1st. up to and
including June 30th of every
years 100 kgs $5.00 $4.00
260-C Potatoes, not specifically
classified, imported during
the months of July and Octo-
ber, of every year, 100 Kgs $4.00 $2.00
260-D Potatoes, not specifically
classified, imported during
the months of August and
September of every year. 200 Kgs $3.00 $1.00
The adjustments which the Government of Cuba, wishes to make
on the above duties are mainly changes in respect of the different
Seasons of the year, with the view of avoiding undue burden to domes-
tic production, without causing harm to the suppliers
of the Cuban market.
For further information, we are reproducing herewith another
table which contains the adjunstments proposed by the Cuban Delega-
tion.
f? , ? t741 S r TABLE POTATOES
T.ARIFF
NUMBER
Present
260-B
(Adiust-
ment)
260-C
Present
260-D
(Adjust-
ment)
260-D
Present
260-E
(Adjust-
ment)
PRODUCT
UNIT OF
DUTY
Potatoes, not specifically
classified, imported from
Nov. 1st. up and includ-
ing June 30th of every
year.
Potatoes, not specifically
classified, imported
between Dec. 1st. up to
June 30th inclusive. of
every year.
Potatoes, not specifically
classified, imported during
the month of July and Octo-
ber of every year.
Potatoes, not specifically
classified, imported during
the month of July of every
year.
Potatoes, not specifically
classified, imported during
November of every year.
Potatoes, not specifically
classified, imported durign
the months of August and
September of every year.
Potatoes, not specifically
classified, imported during
August, September and Oc-
tober of every year.
M. F.N.
TARIFF
100 Kgs $5.00
100 Kgs $5.00
100 Kgs $4.00
100 Kgs $5.00
100 Kgs $4.00
100 Kgs $3.00
100 Kgs $3.00
PREF.
TARIFF
$4.00
$4.00
$2.00
$3.00
$1. 00
$1.00 |
GATT Library | pk693hb0764 | Statement of the Delegation of Chile Regarding Article 39 | United Nations Economic and Social Council, February 10, 1947 | United Nations. Economic and Social Council | 10/02/1947 | official documents | E/PC/T/C.6/W.61 and E/PC/T/C.6/W/58-80 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/pk693hb0764 | pk693hb0764_90230268.xml | GATT_155 | 110 | 821 | United Nations Nations Unies
ECONOMIC CONSEIL
AND ECONOMIQUE 10 February 1947
SOCIAL COUNCIL ET SOCIAL ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
STATEMENT OF THE DELEGATION OF CHILE
REGARDING ARTICLE 39
In connection with Article 39, paragraph 2 as tentatively agreed by
the Drafting Committee (document E/PC/T/C.6/35), the Delegation of Chile
has now been instructed to state that its Government feels that the changes
in paragraph 2 constitute-a substantive amendment and, without stating at
the present stage its position with regard to this amendment, Chile wishes
to make it clear that it will study this amendment between now and the
beginning of the Second Session and will express at Geneva its decision
in this matter, |
GATT Library | zc427wy9715 | Statement of the Delegation of Cuba on margins of preference negotiated in annecy to the contracting parties | [ca. 1947 - 1994] | NaT | official documents | Annex CP/3/59 and GATT/CP.3/59+Corr.1 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/zc427wy9715 | zc427wy9715_90320263.xml | GATT_155 | 2,832 | 17,223 | Annex CP/3/59
STATEMENT OF THE DELEGATION OF CUBA
ON MARGINS OF PREFERENCE NEGOTIATED IN ANNECY
TO THE CONTRACTING PARTIES
1) The Delegation of Cuba has maintained before the CON-
TRACTING PARTIES that the equilibrium between concessions
granted and received through previous negotiations carried
out within GATT cannot be impaired to the detriment of a
contracting party without its consent (1) and without due
compinsation , for otherwise one of the fundamental prin-
ciples of GATT would be disregarded.
2) It is evidot that the maintenanace of margins of pref -
rence is considered positive advantae for the contract
ing party enjoying the preference, and therefore the reduc-
tion or elimination of margin of preference, maintained
through a previous negotiation, cannot be made without
crusing an unbalancing of these previous negotiations to
the detriment of the contracting party whose margin of pref-
crence is reduced or eliminated
3) There is only one way of avoiding this result: namely,
by obtaining the previous consento f the affected party
through the apropriate negotiation in which the damage be
(1) Except in exception circumstances not elsewhere pro-
vided for in the Agreement. duly compansatai, in order to maintain the essential equilib-
rium between concessi ne granted and received, this consent
to be given the express approval of all the contracting parties.
One connect consider as valid withint GATT negotiations tending
to disturb this equilibrium that is, these that reduce or
eliminate unilaterally and without the consent of the affected
party thje concessions which it has received through previous
negotiations. if this could be done ,the Agreement would
case4s to be multilateral and would become and unilateral instru-
ment for the exclusive benefit of the party which can take
4) Under date of June 21st, the Delegation fo the United
States sent to the Delegation fo Cube a copy of the final
list of ofers which it had presented to the Delegation of
Haiti during the negotiations which were concluded on the
18th of that month. The delegation of Cuba noted that ac-
carding to the set forth in the said list same of the
tariff advantages which were granted to Editi reduce or
completely eliminate a certain number of preferential con-
cessi ns aenjoyed cubas consequence of the tariff en
gagements which our country and the United States entered
into during the negotiations carried out of Geneva in 1947.
5) The tariff concessions ofered to Haiti in part I of
Schedule XX of the agreement, which corresponds to the United
Status, affect Cuban margins of preference in the following
manner: Item Description Present Reduction in
of Cuban Prefer That
reference ence magin Would be
to ti by Cuba
. 2 Rum on .none
746 1.50 0.75 $0.7 5
747
cryst lizad,
or giace ~~~~~21;J 1L7*t 55/1
751 73;li. srj ds,
fuit. buttjNone , O >r(
752 Git.v- s pr. . r
Cr pr ,.: rvdNone 3 . 5, 3.5, 3s;or
752 >: .; n n r-d u v
(9st;-.- ried -pui
egation of the United ,.)il 22n~d, tri.; Dal=, ;-tion of th
deing tion ff Cuba.d c iriur.;rdun to t.L; Di ton of
ers which to ',aiC',-: v!-- re t tt-.c<\;-d th-
d presented to the Delegationsr 'if th.Jiiit.d Stt.t s hcicr
ublic, some of which affected , ii RFp:ub1 ic, s.- nA of vii
ference enjoyed by Cuban prod-o f o r rf -ri:c.. j r y. jd
ing the views of the Delegationxiirii thi viws of tic D -1_.,
anting bv the United States of r~tiiE,by thu. United $tt.,s :
preferemcoa; cemecessopms which 1 ccnc.issi nrs ,vrich
viously with out Government.ti:t.d c uari':'u;sy wi
uba, under date of may 13th 1949 d:r d. t., of `.-vy 13V
tion of the United States in a memo. United St t-s in
uestions in relations to his matter,Ii rt1l; ti'm tD t -4-
based on the cuban sugar problem and on the efferes with regard
to sugar which had been made to the Dominican Republic, in
which a general thesis wasdeveloped with respec to the whole
question of margins of preference which Cuba enjoys in the
UITED sTATES MARKET, AND IN WHICH THE dELEGATION IN in a very
concete maner expressed the firm view of the Government of
Cuba that mie of the preferetials enjoyed by any of our
products can be reduced or eliminated with out previosu nego.-
tiations an by mutual agreement between the Governments of
Cuba and the United States.
8) As proof of the clear manner in which the Delegation of
Cuba expresses to the Delegation of the united States in the
above mentioned document its views in this respect, there
follows a transcription of point 33 thereof:
"Cuba therefore firmly maintains its interpretation
that the margins of preference which were fixed in
the General Agreeement and in the Exclusive Agreement
f 1947 were bunned and guaranged in such manner
that they cannot be the object of reduction or elimination -
inatin with ut the previous consent of Cuba......."
9) The Delegation of Cuba, under rate of June 24th pre -
sentelt to the Delegation of the United States another means .
randum in which it reiterated the points of view already made
in the sense that hte negotiated carried out between the
United States and heiti could not be made effective without
the consent of Cuba given the ough negotiations in which
adequete compeantion should be offered to Cuba in a suffering
ficient degree to have it decide to grant that consant be
cause the equiuilibrium in the campensationns resulting from
the agreements between cuba and the united states in the
negotiations of 1947 was maintained. 10) Netwithstanding the above, the Delegation of the United-
States has proceeded to take make final the offers enumerated
under paragraph 5 of this statement, without having negoti
ate with our Government for the purpose of obtaining its
consent for the reduction or elimination of the margins of
preference through adequate compensation, pursuant to the
principles and previosions of the Geneal Agreement.
11) During the tariff negotiations carried out at GHeneva in
1947, Cuba and the United states agreed that the negotiaions
that they were to undertake should be based on the prefer
ential systme which has traditionally existed between the two
countries, though making the adjustments in the said systme
that the new economic conditiosn required. In agreement with
those aims both governments process to exchange concess-
sins, and the margisn of preference which were maintained.
as a result of those negotiations were taken essentially
into account, in order to seek a balance i nthe negotiations,
followign the criterioin of equity that the concessions granted
om exchange for those received should be fairly compensatory
12) The preferential concessiosn that Cuba kept after these
negotiations, among which are included thses desceirbed in
Paragraph 5 of this document, determined the adoption of part
II in schedule XX, and thses prefernces kept in favour of the
United States gave rise to part II of Schedule IX. These
Schedules were approved by the Contractign parties and, to
gother with these correspondign to the other countries, were
incorporated in part i of the general agreement in secondance
with the provisions of Paragraph 7 of Article II -6-
13) The preferential concessions negotiated between cuba and
the united states and approved by all the contracting parties
in the manner set for the ,as well as all the other tariff
concessiosn arising form the Agreement , are in force until
January 1, 1951. Only after that date and not before ,accord-
omg tje [rpvosopsm pf artoc;e XXVIIII. may the contracting
parties modify acoast to apply the tratment granted to the
products enuranced i nthe approved schedule, but even
then only thr ugn the negotiations provided therein.
14) The Delegation of Cuba considers that the said article
XXVIII confers upon the the Government of Cuba the right to enjoy
the preferential concessions negotiatiosn with the United states
at geneva in 1947 until such, cute, and that unitl the period
f time existing between the moment in which the agreement
enter in t free and january 1, 1951 has elapsed, the
United States has not the juricidal right to withadraw or
ani the sati concessions, unless it claims the existence
fone of th special situations contempleated in the text
f the general agreement which all for the waiver of oblii-
gati ns in exceptional circumstances.
15) On the other hand,s shold the tariff concessions which
the Delegation fo the United States has offered to the govern
ment of haiti, and which affect the margins of preference en
jaye by the Cuba products, be made effective, they woudl
brign but ifications in Schedule XX of the General Agree
ment, which cannot be legally put into effect without compli-
ance with the unainaous consant requird under Article XXX
for amendign part I of the agreement of which these schedules -7-
are an integral part.
16) a simple regarding of article XXX shows that any type of
fication effected in part I of the general Agreement re
quires the consent of all the contracting parties, and ac-
cordingly, it would not be legal it deprive the Government of
Cuba of the preferentail concessions which it enjoys, and
which ar made evident by the inclusion of special rates of
dutios in part II of schedule XX, without obtaining its previous
-us consent.
17) This conclusion is confirmed in the light of the pro
visions of article 17 of the havana charter which regulate
the right to negotiatte the margins of preference enjoyed by
contracting party if such negotiations takes place at the
request of another country, provised that the provisions of
the havan charter are the applicable nes to the contract
ing parties to the General agreement on tarisfss and trade
we shall undertake a brief analysis of article 17 of the
havan acharter to prove that even if the provisiosn of this
Article were applied, the existing preferences between cuba
and the united states cannot be altegard without the consent
of our government .
18) paragraph 1 of Article 17 of the charter establishes for
all members the obligation of entering into negotiatiosn at
the request of any other member for the substantial reduction
of the general level of tarifs and the liminateion of pref
erentials it should be noted that there s no mention of an
obligation to eliminate preferences or to reduced tariffs. -8-
Rather the ; blij-ti r. is t -enter into negotiations for those
19) On the other r h n.., Subparaph (e) of Paragraph 2 of
that Article Ni' is¢as follows:
"'Pri r international obligations shall not be in-
v K. t frustrate the requirement under paragraph
1 t nc ti t I,,,i-itr: respect t proferences, it b-
ingl u'..rst : tL.that agreement which result from
such n< rs ti ti rus n.which conflict with such
bigholit ti ri shal not require the :-w.,-i7fic 1;
t--r..i.. ti -".of such obligations except ( i) with
the . c r--.nt of the partics t such obligations, or
in the abence of such c --scnt, (ii) by !.. ific:-
ti in r t .r i.i tirn if such bli ~rti is in wcc r -
ri c with their teras."
20) The princi. ,les cebt inc :; in the above Paragraph are the
, . ll 1 '-, lti,
) That previous international obligatins cannot be
inv k i t^ refuse t* C :.lYy with the request to negoti-
ate the olimati 0ri ti n -rr rr.ucti i of preferences made by
any other member country.
b) That the agreements reulting from these negoti-
.ti ns, and which may be in conflict with the said pre-
vi. us rbi-;.ti .:1, shal not t teermin the automatic
ific' - ti-;n of the . s s obligations.
c) That these previous obligations be may be modified
with the oesent of the parti to the_- .
..) That when that conssent is deni, the said prvious
obilgatinos cannot be b'o :> fied or terminate except in
-~. oc. risnce with their terms.
21) From the point of view of the previsions of the Para - -9 -
graph which we have just considered, the previous, intern. -
tiona bligations which cannot be invoked by anyc nrtr- ct-
ing party to refuse to negotiatte with any other contracting
party on preferentia that may have been granted to a third
country, may well be the obigatons underkan at Gensva in
1947. That is to say that in the o-.:s3 which we are consider-
ing, the Goverment of the United States could not refuse to
negotin wiht the Government of Haiti, but once these nego-
tiati ns had been carrier, but if the engagements therein
undertaken are in centradictin to the preferential obliga.-
tions existing between the United States and Cuba, these can-
not be .1i .cw until these tw- parties to the previous obli-
gations have granted their consent. And, if that consent is
refussed, there is not remedy than to have recourse to
the terms of the previous obligations for their modifications
*r termination. This is to say that in the particular case of
any oo- ntr ctinfl party to the GATT, it would be necessary to
introduce these modificati ns in in :cc-r_'¢nce with the provi-
si ns of Article XXX of the Agreement, or, otherwise, to de-
n-7unOc the GATT in accedance with the terms of the Protocel
of Pravisional Application.
22) The above see Gs. clear t- the Delegation of Cuba.; from the
previsionr if Pargraph 3 of Articleicle 17 of the.Havana Charter
which declares that the negotiations offectea at Genava in
1947 must be considered as negotiations .rriQ! ;ut in accerd-
ance with the :r visitons of the said Article and that any
thar new negations shall be incorporated into the General
Agreement in the manner agreed to between contracting parties -10-
t the Agreement. Once the reducton or elimination of pref-
erences c-l~ted by that Article was offfected through
the GATT negotiations, no new negotiations can be carried out
ten ing t- eali).minatte the preferentials which remained after
negotiations held at Genava in 1947, except with the consent
f the effected party, as one of the contracting parties,
since the reduction or elimination of preferences envisaged
in Artice17 was effected at Geneva in 1947, and the pref-
erential rate and the resulting margins of preference agreed
t* !-.ro in force until January1, 1951.
23) It is .vie:; t, furthermore, that if any reduction or
^l~i:-;in.ti *n -.f preferences must be the object of due compen-
sation, the latter is r~iy possible if the reductions or
li ins are negotiated ti the satisfaction of the dam-
rty. This n ,_ tiati n ,, r sv i.>.1i"se and makes assen-
tially necessary the previous free consent of the affected
party, since the negotiaton n would not be free if the result
were to be previously and compuls.^rily ic.-'sed on one of the
parties.
24) Independently f the above -, t . permit the reduction or
elimination of these - s._ -.,r( irns of preference without the previ-
ous consent of Cub. 'ul.. imply the leaving unilaterally in
the hands of the United States the the possibility of impairing
*r even of annulling the c-;-b-nsati:ons 'btz'nL. by Cuba in
the of fe:ntir.' Geneva negotiations, in exchange for which
Cuba -. its concessions to th United States. This is an
untenable situation on that cannot be recognized and appreaved
within in Agreement which has among its objectives the con- -11-
clusion of negotiations on a reciprocal and mutually advan-
tageous basis for the ,parties to them.
25) On the other hand, this question of the preferentials
is of vital importance to Cuba. In effect, since 1902, that
is, since the inau inauguration of the Republic, the economic re-
lations between Cuba and the United States have been based
upon a system of tariff prefrerence. This type of reletion,
consecrated through half a century of appication, constitutes
such an essential llement for the economy of Cuba that it can-
not be changed except through a period of preparation and tran-
sit ion once the two interested countries should agree to its
elimination.
26) On the basis of the above , the Delegation of Cuba requests
that the CONTRACTING PARTIES declare that the negotiations of-
ficed by the United States, through which the margins of pref-
rarence, maintained in force in favor of Cuba after the conclu-
sion of the 1947 Geneva negotiations, are ebliminated, be decalred
as lacking in efficact or validity pursuant to GATT unless the
previous and express consent of Cabu is obtained.
27) Cuba expects, tlherefore, that the CONTRACTING PARTIES,
with full cognizance of the gravity of the problem presented,
will confirm the need for maintaining as the essential basis
of this General l Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, the principle
of the equilibrium .and mutual advantages of the negotiations
undertaken puarsurant to its terms and that, therefore, negoti-
ations imparing those principles will be rejected. |
|
GATT Library | dy388sg9924 | Statement of the United Kingdom Delegation on its views Regarding the Composition of the Executive Board | United Nations Economic and Social Council, February 6, 1947 | United Nations. Economic and Social Council and Preparatory Commission of the Conference on Trade and Employment Drafting Committee | 06/02/1947 | official documents | E/PC/T/C.6/W.56 and E/PC/T/C.6/W/26-58 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/dy388sg9924 | dy388sg9924_90230261.xml | GATT_155 | 224 | 1,583 | United Nations
Nations Unies
RESTRICTED
ECONOMIC CONSEIL E/PC/T/C.6/W.56
AND ECONOMIQUE 6 February 1947
SOCIAE COUNCIL ET SOCIAL ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
DRAFTING COMMITTEE OF THE PREPARATORY COMMITTEE OF THE
UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT
STATEMENT OF THE UNITED KINGDOM DELEGATION ON ITS VIEWS
REGARDING THE COMPOSITION OF THE EXECTIVE BOARD
The following outlines present views of the United Kingdom Delegation
on the composition of the Exeecutive Board:
1. The Executive Board should consist of seventeen or eighteen
Members of the Organization, of whom eight should be permanently
represented upon it. The permanent seats would be allocated to the
first eight Members as determined by the United Kingdom formula
set out in E/PC/T/C.6/W.3. In making the determination in the
first year a fair balance would be struck between prewar end
postwar statistics.
The nine remaining seats would be filled by Members elected by
the Conference.
The Uited Kingdom has not any settled views upon the basis of
such election but would support provisions which
(a) would yield a fair geographical distribution of at
least a proportion of seats on the Board; (whether by a
specific geographical scheme or otherwise)
(b) allow for rotation of Members in service on the Board.
2. In the election weighted votes would be used.
3. Each Member of the Board should have one vote in all decisions
by the Board. |
GATT Library | tn415tz4434 | Statistical service | United Nations Economic and Social Council, April 14, 1947 | United Nations. Economic and Social Council and Second Session of the Preparatory Committee of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment | 14/04/1947 | official documents | E/PC/T/INF/18 and E/PC/T/INF/1-22/REV. 1 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/tn415tz4434 | tn415tz4434_90200437.xml | GATT_155 | 203 | 1,456 | UNRESTRICTED
UNITED NATIONS NATIONS UNIES E/PC/T/INF/18
14 April 1947
ECONOMIC CONSEIL
AND ECONOMIQUE
SOCIAL COUNCIL ET SOCIAL
SECOND SESSION OF THE PREPARATORY COMMITTEE
OF THE UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT
STATISTICAL SERVICE
It is brought to the notice of Delegations that the
Secretariat has established a Statistical Service in connection
with the work that is to be carried out at this Session.
This service has at its disposal the resources of the
Library of the United Nations and will be able to effect work
for Delegations such as the provision and interpretation of
information concernin : -
1. Production of main raw materials and foodstuffs;
2. Industrial production;
3. Trade of individual countries by commodities and
according to direction of trade;
4. Tariff lists;
5. Transport;
6. Wholesale prices of main commodities;
7. Balance of payments for certain countries;
8. National income for certain countries;
9. Employment and unemployment;
10. Wages;
11. Rates of exchange;
12. Population fugures;
13. Density of population;
14. Other basic statistical information from national
and international publications.
Delegations are invited to address their requests for
this type of information to :
Miss D.P. Etlinger
Mr. G. Guillermin
Mr. E. Stadlin
Room 200, Extensions 2245, 2246.
T.S.V.P. |
GATT Library | zf403df5848 | Status of the text of chapter VI as at 19 December 1947 | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 19, 1947 | Fifth Committee: Inter-Governmental Commodity Agreements | 19/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.5/W.1 and E/CONF. 2/C. 5/W. 1-6 C. 56/W. 1-3 WHITE PAPERS | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/zf403df5848 | zf403df5848_90200072.xml | GATT_155 | 1,495 | 10,194 | RESTRICTED
United Nations Nations Unies E/CONF.2/C.5/W.1
19 December 1947
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE
ON DU ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI
FIFTH COMMITTEE: INTER-GOVERNMENTAL COMMODITY AGREEMENTS
STATUS OF THE TEXT OF CHAPTER VI AS AT
19 DECEMBER 1947
In order that members of the Committee may be informed of the progress
of discussions in Sub-Committee 'A', the Secretariat has prepared the
follwing note on the status of the text of Chapter VI as at the end of
the Eighth Meeting of the Sub-Committee.
SECTION A - INTRODUCTORY CONSIDERATIONS
Article 52 - Difficulties relating to Primary Commodities
No change from the Geneva text.
Note: The footnote to this Article was withdrawn in main
Committee.
Article 53 - Primary and Related Commodities
Geneva text unchanged except for the proposal to replace the word
"Chapter" by "Charter" in the first sentence to be considered by the
Central Drafting Committee.
Paragraphs 2 and 3
No change from the Geneva text.
Article 54 - Objectives of Inter-Governmental Commodity Agreements
Pre?mble
The Drafting Sub-Committee recommends the following new text:
"The Members recognize that Inter-Governmental Commodity Agreements
are appropriate for the achievement of the following objectives:...."
Sub-paragraph (?)
No change from the Geneva text.
Sub-paragraph (b)
The Sub-Committee recommends the following new text:
"(b) to provide, during the period which may be necessary a framework
for the consideration and development of measures which have as their
purpose economic adjustments designed to promote the expansion of
consumption or a shift of resources and man-power out of ovér-expanded
industries into new and productive occupation, including, as far as
possible, in appropriate cases, the development of secondary industries
based upon domestic production of primary commodities."
/Sub-paragraph E/CONF.2/C.5/W.1
Page 2
Sub-paragraph (c)
The Sub-Committee recommends the following new text:
"(c) to prevent or to moderato pronounced fluctuations in the price
of a primary commodity with a view to achieving a reasonable degree
of stability on a basis of prices fair to consumers and remunerative
to efficient producers, having regard to the desirability of securing
long-term equilibrium between the forces of supply and demand; ......"
Sub-paragraph (d)
No change from the Geneva text.
Sub-paragraph (e)
The Drafting Sub-Committee recommends the ollowing new text:
"(e) to provide for the expansion of the production of a primary
commodity where this can be accomplished with advantage to consumers
and producers, including in appropriate cases the distribution of
basic foods at special prices."
Sub-paragraph (f)
No change from the Geneva text.
SECTION B - INTER-GOVERNMENTAL COMMODITY AGREEMENTS IN GENERAL
Article 55 - Comodity Studies
Paragraph 1
The Sub-Committee recommends the following new text:
"1. Any Member which considers itself substantially interested in
the production or consumption of, or trade in, a particular primary
commodity, and which considers that international trade in that
commodity is, or is likely to be, affected by special difficulties,
shall be entitled to ask that a study of the commodity be made."
Paragraph 2
The Sub-Committee recommends the following new text:
"2. Unless it decides that a prima facia case has not been established,
the Organization shall promptly invite each Member to appoint
representatives to a study group to make a study of the commodity if
the Member considers itself substantially interested in the production
or consumption of, or trade in, the commodity. Non-members may also
be invited."
Paragraph 3
The Sub-Committee recommends the following new text:
"3. The study group shall promptly investigate the production,
consumption and trade situation in regard to the commodity, and shall
report to the participating Governments and to the Organizations its
findings and its recommendations as to how best to deal with any special
difficulties which exist or may be expected to arise. The Organization
/shall promptly E/CONF.2/C.5/W.1
Page 3
shall promptly transmit to the Members these findings and
recommendations."
Article 56 - Commodity Conferences
The Sub-Committee recommends the following new text:
The Organization shall promptly convene an inter-governmental
conference to discuss measures designed to meet the specal difficulties
which exist or are expected to arise concerning a particular commodity:
(a) on the basis of the recommendations of a study group, or
(b) at the request of members whose interest represents a
significant part of world production or consumption of, or trace
in, that commodity, or
(c) at the request of Members whose economy is dependent to an
important extent on that commodity, unless the Organization finds
that no useful purpose could be achieved by convening the
conference, or
(c) on its own initiative, on the basis of information agreed to
be adequate by the Members substantially interested in the
production or consumption of, or trade in, that commodity."
Paragraph 2
No change from the Geneva text.
Article 57 - General Principles governing Inter-Governmental Commodity
No change from the Geneva text.
Article 58 - Types of Agreements
Paragraphs 1 -4 (inclusive)
No change from the Geneva text.
The Sub-Committee recommends the following new text:
5. An existing or proposed inter-governmental agreement which has the
purpose of securing the co-ordinated expansion of aggregate word
production and consumption of a primary commodity may be treated by
the Organization as not being a commodity control agrement even though
the agreement provides for the future application of price provisions
provided that
(a) when such an agreement is entered into through a commodity
conference, provisions for the future application of price
provisions shall be included only when the conditions contemplated
are in accordance with Article 59,
(b) from the date on which the price provisions become operative,
the agreement shall conform to all the provisions of Section C
/except that Page 4
except that no further action will be required under Article 59."
Paragraph 6
The Sub-Committee recommends the following new text:
"6. The Members shall enter into any new commodity control agreement
only through a conference called in accordance with Article 56 and
after an appropriate finding has been made in accordance with Article 59.
If in an exceptional case there has been unreasonable delay in the
convening or in the proceedings of the study roup or of the commodity
conference, Members substantially interested in the production or
consumption of, or trade in, a particular primary commodity, may proceed,
by direct negotiation, to the conclusion of an agreement, provided that
it conform to the other provisions of this Chapter and that the
situation falls within the cases contemplated in paragraphs (a) or (b)
of Article 59."
SECTION C - INTER-GOVERNMENTAL COMMODITY CONTROL AGREEMENTS
Article 59 - Circumstances governing the use of Commodity Control
Agreements
Paragraph 1
The Sub-Committee recommends the following new text for the preamble
of this paragraph: (the balance of the paragraph remains the same as the
Geneva text):
"The Members agree that commodity control agreements may be entered into
only when a finding has been made, through a commodity conference or
through the Organization by consultation and general agreement among
Members substantially interested in the commodity, that: ........."
Paragraph 2
The Sub-Committee recommends deletion of this paragraph.
Article 60 - Additional Principles Governing Commodity Control Agreements
Preamble
No change from the Geneva text.
Sub-paragraph (a)
The Sub-Committee recommends the following new text:
"(a) Such agreements shall be designed to assure the availability of
supplies adequate at all times for world demand at prices agreed in
the light of Article 94 (c), and, when practicable, shall provide for
measures designed to expand world consumption of the commodity;......"
Sub-paragraphs (b), (c) and (d)
No change from the Geneva text.
Article 61 - Administration of Commodity Control Agreements
No change from the Geneva text.
(Note: No amendments were proposed to this Article)
/Article 62 E/CONF.2/C.5/W.1
Page 5
Article 62 - Initial Term, Review and Renewal of Commodity Control
Agreements
No change from the Geneva text.
Article 63 - Settlement of Disputes
No change from the Geneva text.
(Note: No amendments were proposed to this Article)
SECTION D - MISCELIANEOUS PROVISIONS
Article 64 - Relations with Inter-Governmental Organizations
No change from the Geneva text.
Article 65 - Obligations of Members regarding Existing and Proposed
Commodity Agreements
Sub-Committee discussion is pending on proposals to amend this Article,
Article 66 - Territorial Application
No change from the Geneva text.
(Note: No amendments were proposed to this Article)
Article 67 - Exceptions to Provisions relating to Inter-Governmental
Commodity Agreements
Sub-Committee discussion is pending on proposals to amend this Article.
One amendment has been considered and paragraph 1 (d) be added to read
as follows:
"(d) to any inter-governmental agreement relating solely to the
conservation of fisheries resources, migratory birds and wild animals:
Provided that such agreements are not used to accomplish results
inconsistent with the objectives of this Charter and are given full
publicity in accordance with the provisions of Article 57, paragraph 1 (e),
and that if the Organization finds upon complaint of a non-participating
Member, that the interests of that Member are seriously prejudice by
the agreement, the agreement shall become subject to such provisions of
this Chapter as the Organization may prescribe."
NOTE: Sub-Committee discussion is pending on a proposal to add a
new Article. |
GATT Library | pz356wn1807 | Sub-Committee A (Articles 16 and 17) of Committee III | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 12, 1947 | Third Committee: Commercial Policy | 12/12/1947 | official documents | E/COFN.2/C.3/15 and E/CONF.2/C.3/10-38 | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/pz356wn1807 | pz356wn1807_90190104.xml | GATT_155 | 171 | 1,312 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/COFN.2/C.3/15
ON DU 12 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
THIRED COMMITTEE: COMMERCIA.L POLICY
SUB-COMMITTEE A (ARTICLES 16 AND 17) OF COMMITTEE III
At the ninth meeting of the Third Committee, 12 December, the Chairman,
with the approval of the Committee, appointed Sub-Committee A with the
following terms of reference and membership.
Terms of Reference
To examine the proposals and amendments relative to Articles 16 and 17
(other than those relating to paragraphs 2 and 3 of Article 16 which are to
be referred to the joint Sub-Committee of Committees II and III) with a view
to reaching agreement on a text to be recommended to the Committee.
Membership
Australia
China
Colombia
Cuba
Denmark
France
Netherlands
New Zealand
Peru
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Uruguay
Participation
The attendance at meetings and participation in the work of the
sub-committee by representatives of delegations not members of the
sub-committee shall follow the procedure recommended by the General
Committee in document E/CONF.2/BUR/9. |
GATT Library | jt987wc8507 | Sub-Committee A. Draft Agenda prepared by the Secretariat for Fourteenth Meeting. : To be Held 22 December 1947 at 10.30 a..m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 19, 1947 | Fourth Committee: Restrictive Business Practices | 19/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.4/A/13, E/CONF. 2/C. 4/A/1-21, C. 4/A/W/1-9, and C. 4/A/WHITE PAPERS | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/jt987wc8507 | jt987wc8507_90200013.xml | GATT_155 | 243 | 1,765 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.4/A/13
ON DU 19 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
FOURTH COMMITTEE: RESTRICTIVE BUSINESS PRACTICES
SUB-COMMITTEE A
DRAFT AGNDA PREPARED BY THE SECRETARIAT FOR FOURTEENTH MEETING
To be Held 22 December 1947 at 10.30 a..m.
1. Preliminary report of the ad-hoc Committee
2. The amendment proposed by the delegation of Ceylon for the deletion
of paragraphs 1 and 2 of Article 50 (No. 54 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4)
3. The amendment proposed by the delegation of Ecuador for the
deletion of the word "telecommunication" in paragraph 1 of
Article 50.
4. The reservations presented by the delegations of Norway and France
in respect of Article 50. (No. 56 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4).
5. The amendent proposed by- the delegation of Mexico for the addition
of a new sub-paragraph (d) to paragraph 1, Article 51 (No. 60 of
E/CONF.2/C.4/4) as follows:
"(d) Governmental measures connected with the provision referred
to in the previous Article"
6. The amendment proposed by the delegation of Caylon for the addition
of the following text to paragraph 1, Article 44, sub-paragraph (c)
paragraph 2 of Article 44, sub-paragraph (a) paragraph 3 of
Article 44, sub-paragraph (i) , (ii) and (iii) of sub-paragraph 1
of Article 46 and sub-paragraph (b), paragraph 2 of Article 46
(No. 2, 13, 14 and 43 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4):
"or the provision of services such as banking, insurance,
transportation and telecommunication, which are intimately
connected with international trade". |
GATT Library | gd901jm0278 | Sub-Committee A. Draft agenda prepared by the Secretariat for Meeting. : To be Held, 17 December 1947 at 4.00 p.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 16, 1947 | Fourth Committee: Restrictive Business Practices | 16/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.4/A/10, E/CONF. 2/C. 4/A/1-21, C. 4/A/W/1-9, and C. 4/A/WHITE PAPERS | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/gd901jm0278 | gd901jm0278_90200010.xml | GATT_155 | 312 | 2,249 | United Nations Nations Unies UNESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/0.4/A/10
ON DU 16 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI
ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
FOURTH COMMITTEE: RESTRICTIVE BUSINESS PRACTICES
SUB-COMMITTEE A
DRAFT AGENDA PREPARED BY THE SECRETARIAT FOR MEETING
To be Held, 17 December 1947 at 4.00 p.m.
1. The redraft of paragraph 1, Article 44 as proposed by the representative
of the United States.
2. The amendment proposed by the delegation of Czechoslovakia for the
insertion of the following words in paragraph 1, Article 44
(No. 3 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4):
"resultings from Agreements between enterprises".
3. The amendment proposed by the delegation of Greece for the addition of
the follow in paragraph to Article 44 (No. 22 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4):
"The provisions of paragraph 2 of this Article shall not,
however, be construed. as referring to all practices involving
the fixing of prices, or terms, or conditions of sale in cases
where such practices are intended not to establish barriers to
international trade, but to stabilize domestic prices and the
income of national producers"
4. The amendment proposed by the delegation of Ecuador for the addition of
of the following paragraph, after paragraph 1 of Article 44
(No. 5 A. of E/CONF.2/C.4/4 on page 13);
"The provisions of paragraph 1 shall not be construed as
applying to governmental measures taken by a Member in respect
of basic foodstuffs when such measures are intended to counter
speculation and consequently are transitional in character and
provided that they are communicated to the Organization in
due time".
5, The amendment proposed by the delegation of Ecuador for the addition
of the following paragraph to Article 44 (NO. 5 B. of E/CONF.2/C.4/4
on page 13):
"The provisions of paragraph 1 of this article shall not
apply to monopolies in the production, processing and sale of
common salt, tobacco, alcohol and liquor established by Members
as a source of revenue". |
GATT Library | tt410yp1288 | Sub-Committee A. Draft agenda prepared by the Secretariat for the Eighteenth Meeting. : To be Held, 31 December 1947, at 10.30 a.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 31, 1947 | Fourth Committee: Restrictive Business Practices | 31/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.4/A/17, E/CONF. 2/C. 4/A/1-21, C. 4/A/W/1-9, and C. 4/A/WHITE PAPERS | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/tt410yp1288 | tt410yp1288_90200017.xml | GATT_155 | 402 | 2,679 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.4/A/17 31 December 1947
ON DU ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI
FOURTH COMMITTEE: RESTRICTIVE BUSINESS PRACTICES
SUB-COMMITTEE A
DRAFT AGENDA PREPARED BY THE SECRETARIAT FOR THE EIGHTEENTH MEETING
To be Held, 31 December 1947, at 10.30 a.m.
1. The statement proposed by the Ad Hoc Committee to be inserted in the
report of the Sub-Committee to the Fourth Committee to clarify and define
the meaning of the words "decide" and "decision" as they are used
throughot Chapter V:
"The words 'decide' and `decision' as used in Article 44, 45A
(except in paragraphs 3 and 4) and 47 relate to a conclusion
whether or not particular practices have had, have or are about
to have the harmful effects described in paragraph 1 of Article 44.
Such 'decisions' of the Organization shall not be construed as
binding the legislative, executive or judicial authorities Of a
Member State. Members' obligations regarding these 'decisionss'
are set out in paragraph 4 of Article 47".
2. The following paragraph proposed by the Ad Hoc Committee as paragraph 5
of Article 44:
"'The provisions of this Chapter shall not apply to any business
practice required by a Member, to the extent that such practice
is essentiel to the carrying out of actions specifically permitted
and subjected to control under Chapter IV or VI or any other
Chapter of this Charter.
3. The new draft to be proposed by the Ad Hoc Comittee in respect to the
words "described in paragraph 1 of Article 44", in paragaph 2 of
Article 45.
4. The new draft of paragraph 1 (f) of Article 50, proposed ly the Ad Hoc
Committee:
"The Members recognize that certain services such as transportation,
telecommunications, insurance and the commercial services of banks
[banking] are substantial elements of international trade and that
any restrictive bulness practices [in relation to them] by
enterprises engaged in these activities in international trade may
/have harmful effects E/CONF.2/C. 4/A/17
Page 2
have harmful effects similar to those described in paragraph 1
of Article 44. Such practices shall be dealt with in ac ordance
with the following paragraph of this Article".
5. The amendment proposed by the delegation of Mexico for the addition of
a new sub-paragraph (d) to paragraph 1, Article 51 (No. 60 of
E/CONF.2/C.4/4) as follows:
"(d) Governmental measures connected with the provision referred
to in the previous Article". |
GATT Library | zn012sf5691 | Sub-Committee A : Draft Agenda Prepared by the Secretariat for the Eighth Meeting to be held 15 December at 10 a.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 13, 1947 | Fourth Committee: Restrictive Business Practices | 13/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.4/A/8, E/CONF. 2/C. 4/A/1-21, C. 4/A/W/1-9, and C. 4/A/WHITE PAPERS | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/zn012sf5691 | zn012sf5691_90200008.xml | GATT_155 | 0 | 0 | |
GATT Library | wc590wj4910 | Sub-Committee A : Draft Agenda Prepared by the Secretariat for the Eighth Meeting to be held 15 December at 10 a.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 13, 1947 | Fourth Committee: Restrictive Business Practices | 13/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.4/A/8, E/CONF. 2/C. 4/A/1-21, C. 4/A/W/1-9, and C. 4/A/WHITE PAPERS | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/wc590wj4910 | wc590wj4910_90200008.xml | GATT_155 | 578 | 3,900 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.4/A/8
ON DU 13 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
FOURTH COMMITTEE: RESTRICTIVE BUSINESS PRACTICES
SUB-COMMITTEE
Draft Agenda Prepared by the Secretariat for the
Eighth Meeting to be held 15 December at 10 a.m.
1. Continuation of the general discussion on the amendments proposing that
in Chapter 5 no reference be made to public enterprises.
2. Consideration of the Specific amendments submitted in relation to
public enterprises:
(a) Deletion of the words whether engaged in by private or public
enterprises" in paragraph 1, Article 44, and paragraph 1,
Article 45, Amendments proposed by the delegations of Argentina
and Mexico, (No. 1, 4, 25. and 26 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4),
(b) Deletion of the words "or public" ln sub-paragraph. b,
paragraph 2, Article 44. Amendments proposed by the delegations
of Argentina and Mexico, (No. 11 and 12 of E/CONF.4/4).
(c) Deletion of the words "between public commercial enterprises or
between private: and public commercial enterprises" in
Sub-paragraph B, paragraph 2, Article 44. Amendment proposed by
the delegation of Argeztina (No. 11 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4).
(d) Deletion of the words: "or by a combination, agreement other
arrangement between commercial enterprises, whether between
private commercial enterprises, between public commercial
enterprises, or between private and public commercial anterprises"
in sub-paragraph (b) of paragraph 2, Article 44, Amendment
proposed by the delegation of Mexico. (No. 12 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4).
(e) Deletion of the words "private and public" in paragraph 1,
Article 47. Amedment proposed by the delegations of Argentina
and Mexico. (No. 44 and. 45 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4)
(f) Deletion of the words, "provided that in the case of a complaint
against a single public commercial enterprise acting independently,
such complaint may be presented only by a Member on its own behalf
and only after the Member has resorted to the procedure under
Paragraph 1 of this Article", in paragraph 2, Article 45, Amendment
proposed by the delegation of Argentina. (No. 27 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4).
/(8) Deletion of E/CONF.2/C.4/A/8
Page 2
(9) Deletion of paragraph 4 of Article 44 proposed by the delegation
of Argentina (No. 23 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4).
(h) The new text of paragraph 4, Article 44 proposed by the delegation
of Mexico (No. 24 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4)
(i) Addition of the words "subject to the provisions of paragraph 4 of
this Article", to paragraph 1, Article 44, to paragraph 2 of the
same Article, and to paragraph 1 of Article 47. Amendments
proposed by the delegation of Mexico, (No. 4, 8, 21 and 45
E/CONF.2/C.4/4) .
(J) Addition of the words "other than the exceptions provided for in
paragraph 4 of Article 44". Amendment proposed. by the delegation
of Mexico, in paragraph B, Article 45 (No. 38 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4).
(k) Deletion of the word "concerned" and edition of the words:
"referred to" in paragraph 8 and 9, Article 45. Amendment proposed
by the delegation of Mexico (No. 40, of E/CONF.2/C.4/4).
3. Reconsideration of the new Article 45 A in connection with the amendment
proposed by the delegation of Mexico for the addition of the following
text to paragraph 4, Article 45. (No. 29 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4/): "after
hearing the opinion of the Members referred to in the final part of
paragraph 1 of this Article".
4. Reconsideration of the words "which are as described in Article 44",
proposed by the representative of Canada to replace the words "which
have the effect described in paragraph 1 of Article 44" in the present
text of paragraph 1, Article 47. |
GATT Library | mz359cf8137 | Sub-Committee A. Draft agenda prepared by the Secretariat for the Eleventh Meeting. : To be Held, 19 December 1947 at 10.30 a.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 18, 1947 | Fourth Committee: Restrictive Business Practices | 18/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.4/A/11, E/CONF. 2/C. 4/A/1-21, C. 4/A/W/1-9, and C. 4/A/WHITE PAPERS | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/mz359cf8137 | mz359cf8137_90200011.xml | GATT_155 | 216 | 1,607 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.4/A/11
ON DU 18 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
FOURTH COMMITTEE: RESTRICTIVE BUSINESS PRACTICES
SUB-COMMITTEE A
DRAFT AGENDA PREPARED BY THE SECRETARIAT FOR THE ELEVENTH MEETING
To be Held, 19 December 1947 at 10.30 a.m.
1. Reconsideration of the words "individually or through the Organization
or in both ways in paragraph 1 of Article 44 of the Draft Charter.
2. Continuation of the discussion of the amendment proposed by
delegation of Czechoalovakla, for the insertion of the following
words in paragraph 1 of Article 44 (No. 2 of E/CCNF.2/C.4/A/10:
"resulting from Agreements between enterprises".
3. Consideration of the amendment proposed by the delegation of Greece
(No. 3 of E/CONF.2/C.4/A/10) to Article 44:
"The provisions of paragraph 2 of this Article shall
not, however, be construed. as referring to all practices
involving the fixing of prices, or terms, or conditions
of sale in cases where such practices are intended not
to establish barriers to international trade, but to
stabilize prices and the income of national producers".
4. Consideration of, the words "subject to the provisions of Articles 30
and 31", proposed by the representative of Mexico at the tenth
meeting of the Sub-Committee, to precede the opening sentence of
paragraph 1 of Article 44. |
GATT Library | xh808ky3191 | Sub-Committee A. Draft agenda prepared by the Secretariat for the Fifteenth Meeting. : To be Held, 23 December 1947, at 10.30 a.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 22, 1947 | Fourth Committee: Restrictive Business Practices | 22/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.4/A/14, E/CONF. 2/C. 4/A/1-21, C. 4/A/W/1-9, and C. 4/A/WHITE PAPERS | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/xh808ky3191 | xh808ky3191_90200014.xml | GATT_155 | 237 | 1,701 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.4/A/14
ON DU 22 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
FOURTH COMMITTEE: RESTRICTIVE BUSINESS PRACTICES
SUB-COMMITTEE A
DRAFT AGENDA PREPARED BY THE SECRETARIAT FOR THE FIFTEENTH MEETING
To be Held, 23 December 1947, at 10.30 a.m.
1. Report of the ad-hoc Committee.
2. Reconsideration of the amendments proposed by the delegation of Ceylon
for the deletion of paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 of Article 50 (No. 54 of
E/CONF.2/C.4/4 ) and the addition of the following text to paragraph 1,
Article 44, sub-paragraph (c) paragraph 2 of Article 44, sub-paragraph (a)
paragraph 3 of Article 44, sub-paragraph (i), (ii) and (iii) of
sub-paragraph I of Article 46 and sub--paragraph (b), paragraph 2 of
Article 46 (No. 2, 13, 14 and 43 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4):
"or the provisions of services such as banking, insurance,
transportation and telecommunication, which are intimately
connected. with International trade".
3. Amendment proposed by the delegation of Ecuador for the deletion of
the word "telecommunication" in paragraph 1 of Article 50.
4. The reservations presented by the delegations of Norway and France in
respect of Article 50. (No. 56 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4)
5. The amendment proposed by the delegation of Mexico for the addition
of a new sub-paragraph (d) to paragraph 1, Article 51 (No. 60 of
E/CONF.2/C .4/4) as follows:
"(d) Governmental measures connected with the provision
referred to in the previous Article" |
GATT Library | cy857nb1597 | Sub-Committee A. Draft agenda prepared by the Secretariat for the Fifth Meeting. : To be held 11 December 1947 at 2.30 p.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 11, 1947 | Fourth Committee: Restrictive Business Practices | 11/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.4/A/5, E/CONF. 2/C. 4/A/1-21, C. 4/A/W/1-9, and C. 4/A/WHITE PAPERS | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/cy857nb1597 | cy857nb1597_90200005.xml | GATT_155 | 0 | 0 | |
GATT Library | nf282yc6574 | Sub-Committee A. Draft agenda prepared by the Secretariat for the Fifth Meeting. : To be held 11 December 1947 at 2.30 p.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 11, 1947 | Fourth Committee: Restrictive Business Practices | 11/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.4/A/5, E/CONF. 2/C. 4/A/1-21, C. 4/A/W/1-9, and C. 4/A/WHITE PAPERS | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/nf282yc6574 | nf282yc6574_90200005.xml | GATT_155 | 154 | 1,104 | United Nations Nations Unies E/CONF .2/C .4/A/5
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
ON DU
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI
FOURTH COMMITTEE: RESTRICTIVE BUSINESS PRACTICES
SUB-COMMITTEE A
DRAFT AGENDA PREPARED BY THE SECRETARIAT FOR THE FIFTH MEETING
To be held 11 December 1947 at 2.30 p.m.
1. Continuation of the discussion of the new draft of paragraphsll and 22,
Article 44, proposed by the Delegation of Norway (Nos. 5 and 9 of
E/CONF .2/C 4/4)
2. The new draft of Article 48 to be presented by the representative of
United Kingdom in relation to the amendment proposed by the
Delegation of Mexico for the deletion of that Article (No. 51
of E/CONF. 2/C. 4)
3. Reconsideration of the amendment proposed by the Delegation
of Afghanistan for the insertion of the following words in sub-paragraph C,
paragraph 3, Article 44 (No.116 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4): "Including the
discriminatory establishment of exclusive agencies detrimental to a
member's economy." |
GATT Library | kz470sk7790 | Sub-Committee A : Draft Agenda Prepared by the Secretariat for the Fourth Meeting to be Held 11 Ducember at 10.30 a.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 10, 1947 | Fourth Committee: Restrictive Business Practices | 10/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.4/A/4, E/CONF. 2/C. 4/A/1-21, C. 4/A/W/1-9, and C. 4/A/WHITE PAPERS | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/kz470sk7790 | kz470sk7790_90200004.xml | GATT_155 | 0 | 0 | |
GATT Library | xs988vv9681 | Sub-Committee A : Draft Agenda Prepared by the Secretariat for the Fourth Meeting to be Held 11 Ducember at 10.30 a.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 10, 1947 | Fourth Committee: Restrictive Business Practices | 10/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.4/A/4, E/CONF. 2/C. 4/A/1-21, C. 4/A/W/1-9, and C. 4/A/WHITE PAPERS | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/xs988vv9681 | xs988vv9681_90200004.xml | GATT_155 | 746 | 4,868 | UNRESTRICTED
United Nations Nations Unies E/CONF. 2/C.4/A/4
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE 10 December 1947
ON DU ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI
FOURTH COMMITTEE: RESTRICTIVE BUSINESS PRACTICES
SUB-COMMITTEE A
Draft Agenda Prepared by the Secretariat for the Fourth
Meeting to be Held 11 Ducember at 10.30 a.m.
1. The alternative drafts prepared by the Secretariat subsequent to the
ad-hoc committee's views in respect to amendments relation to the use
of the words "decide" and decision" in Chapter 5.
2. The new drafts of Article 45 and 45A toa be presented by the representative
of the United States of America, in connection with the amendments
proposed by the Delegation of Mexico for the addition of:
(a) The following text at the end oa paragraph 1 of
article 45 (No. 25 of E/CONF.2/C 4/4): "the members
invited to take part in a consultation shell be chosen
in equal numbers from each group proposed for this purpose
by the parties affected by the dispute"
(b) The following words in paragraph 4 of Article 45: "after
hearing the opinion of the Members referred to in the final
part of paragraph 1 of this Article." (No. 29 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4).
3. The new draft of Article 48 to be presented by the representative of
United Kingdom in relation to the amendment proposed by the.
Delegation of Mexico for the deletion of that Article (No. .51
of E/CONF.2/C .4).
4. Reconsideration of the amendment proposed by the Delegation,
of A fghanistan for the insertion of the following words in sub-paragraph C,
paragraph 3, Article 44 (No. 16 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4): "Including the
discriminatory establishment of exclusive agencies detrimental to a
member's economy."
5. Continuation of the discussion of the new draft of paragraphs.l and 2,
Article 44, proposed by the Delegation of Norway (No. 5 and 9 of
E/CONF. 2/C. 4/4)
/6. Amendments E/CONF. 2/C .4/A/4
Page 2
6. Amendments proposing that in chapter 5, no reference be made to public
enterprises. These amendments are as follows:
(a) Deletion of the words: "Whether engaged in by private
or public commercial enterprises" in paragraph 1,
Article 44, and paragraph 1, Article 45. Amendments
proposed. by the Delegation of Argentina and Mexico,
(No. 1, 4, 25 and. 26 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4).
(b) Addtion of the words: "subject to the provisions of
paragrph 4 of this ArticeI, to paragraph 1, Article 44,
to paragraph 2 of the same Article, and to paragraph 1
of Article 47. Amendments proposed by the Delegation of
Mexico, (No. 4, 8, 21 and 45 of E/CONF. 2/C.4/4).
(c) Deletion of the words. "or public" in sub-paragraph b,
paragraph 2, Article 44. Amendments proposed by the
Delegaction of Argentina and Maxico, (No. Il and 12 of
E/CONF. 4/4).
(d) Deletion of the words, "between: public commercial enterprises
or between private and public commercial enterprises" 't i:
sub-paragraph B, paragraph 2, Article 44. Amendment proposed
by the Delegation or Argentina (No. 11 of E/CONF- 2/C.4/4)
(e) Deletion of the words: "or by a. combiration, agreement opr
other arrangement between commercial enterprises, whethor
betweeni private commercial enterprise, between public
cemmercial anotherises, or between private and public
commercial enterprises" in sub-paragraph (b) paragraph 2,
Article 44. Amendment proposed by tho Delegation of Mexico.
(No. 12 of E/CONF.2/C. 4/4)
(f) Deletion of Paragraph 4 of Article 44 proposed by the
Delegation of Argentins. (No. 23 of E/CONF. 2/C. 4/4)
(g) The notor text of paragraph 4, Article 44 proposed by the
Delegation of Mexico (No. 24 of E/CONF. 2/C.4/4).
(h) Deletion of the words "privates and public" in paragraph 1j
Article 47. Amendment proposed by the Delegations of
Argentina and Mexico (No. 44 and 45 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4)
(i) Deletion of the words "provided that in the case of a
complaint aginst a single public commercial enterprise
acting independently, such *=plaint may be prosanted
only by a Member on its own behalf and only after the
Member has resorted to the. procedure under paragraph 1
of this Article", in paragraph 2, Article 45. Amendment
/proposed E/CONF .2/C .4/A/4
Page 3
proposed by the Delegation of Argentina (No. 27 of
E/CONF .2/C .4/4)
(j) Addition of the words "other than the exceptions provided
for in paragraph 4 of Article 44". Amendment proposed by
the Delegation of Mexico, in paragraph 8, Article 45,
(No. 38 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4)
(k) Deletion of the word "concerned" and addition of the words
referred to in paragraph 8" in paragraph 9, Article 45.
Amendment proposed by the Delegation of Mexico. (No. 40,
of E/CONF .2/C.4/4) |
GATT Library | kf273mh3525 | Sub-Committee A : Draft Agenda Prepared by the Secretariat for the Ninth Meeting to be Held, 16 December at 4.00 p.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 15, 1947 | Fourth Committee: Restrictive Business Practices | 15/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.4/A/9, E/CONF. 2/C. 4/A/1-21, C. 4/A/W/1-9, and C. 4/A/WHITE PAPERS | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/kf273mh3525 | kf273mh3525_90200009.xml | GATT_155 | 59 | 495 | United Nations
CONFERENCE ON
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT
Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.4/A/9
15 December 1947
DU
COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
FOURTH COMITTEE: RESTRICTIVE BUSINESS PRACTICES
SUB-COMMITTEE
Draft Agenda Prepared by the Secretariat for the
Ninth Meeting to be Held, 16 December at 4.00 p.m.
1. Continuation of the discussion of the Agenda considered at the
Eighth Meeting. |
GATT Library | cp709gv3540 | Sub-Committee A : Draft Agenda Prepared by the Secretariat for the Ninth Meeting to be Held, 16 December at 4.00 p.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 15, 1947 | Fourth Committee: Restrictive Business Practices | 15/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.4/A/9, E/CONF. 2/C. 4/A/1-21, C. 4/A/W/1-9, and C. 4/A/WHITE PAPERS | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/cp709gv3540 | cp709gv3540_90200009.xml | GATT_155 | 0 | 0 | |
GATT Library | hj010dz3114 | Sub-Committee A. Draft agenda prepared by the Secretariat for the Seventeenth Meeting. : To be held, 30 December 1947, at 4:00 p.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 30, 1947 | Fourth Committee: Restrictive Business Practices | 30/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.4/A/16, E/CONF. 2/C. 4/A/1-21, C. 4/A/W/1-9, and C. 4/A/WHITE PAPERS | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/hj010dz3114 | hj010dz3114_90200016.xml | GATT_155 | 734 | 4,773 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.4/A/16
ON DU 30 December 1941
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGNAL: ENGLISH
FOURTH COMMITTEE: RESTRICTIVE BUSINESS PRACTICES
SUB-COMMITTEE A
DRAFT AGENDA PREPARED BY THE SECRETARIAT FOR THE SEVENTEENTH MEETING
To be held, 30 December 1947, at 4:00 p.m.
1. Consideration of the romainning part of the proposals submitted by the
Ad Hoc Committee as follows (E/CONF.2/C.4/A/W.4):
(a) to add the following paragraph 5 to Article 44 and delete
Article 51:
"5. Any business practices described in this Article, insofar as
they are specifically subjected to control by the provisions of
Chapter IV and VI or any other Chapter of this Carter, shall
not be subject to the procedures of this Chapter".
(b) To revise paragraph 2 of Article 45 (now paragraph 1, Article 45 A)
as follows:
"[A complaint may be presented in writing to the Organization
by] any affected Member acting on its own behalf or by any Member
on behalf of any affected person, enterprise or organization
within that Member's jurisdiction may present a written complaint
to the Organization that in any particular instance a practice
exists (whether engaged in by private or public enterprises) which
has or is about to have the effect described in paragraph 1 of
Article 44. Provided that in the case of [(a)] complaints against
a single public Commercial enterprise acting independently of any
other enterprise such complaints may be presented only.by a Member
on its own behalf and only after the Member has resorted to the
procedure [under paragraph 1 of this Article)] in Article 45.
(c) To add the following text at the end of paragraph 8 of Article 45
(new paragraph 7, Aerticle 45 A):
"Provided that if the Organization finds that the practices
concerned have the effect and are as described in Article 44
and have been specifically required by law, the provisions in
pargraphs 7, 8. 9 and 10 of this Article shall nct apply, and
the complaining Member shall have further recourse only in
accordance with the procedures provided in Chapter VIII or
/other relevant E/CONF.2/C.4/A /16
Page 2
other relevant provisions of this Charter".
(d) to revise paragraph 1 of Article 47 as follows:
"1. Each Member shall take all possible measures by legislation
or otherwise, in accordance with its constitution or system of
law and economic organization, to ensure within its jurisdiction
that private and public commercial enterprises do not engage in
practices which have the effect and are as described in Article 44,
and in addition it shall assist the Organization in preventing
these practices [such assistance to be given in accordance with
the Member's system of law and economic orgenization]."
(a) To revise paragraph 1 of Article 50 as follows:
"The Members reconize that certain services such as
transportation, telecommunications, insurance and the commercial
services of banks [banking] are substantial elements of
international trade and that any restrictive business practices
[in relation te them] by enterprises engaged in these activities
in international trade may have harwful effects similar to those
described in paragaph 1 of Article 44. Such practices shall be
dealt with in accordance with the following paragraphs of this
Article".
(f): To substitute "and shall afford" for the words "with a view to
affording" in paragraph 2 of Article 50.
(g) The statement to be inserted in the report of the Sub-Committee
to the Fourth Committee to clarify and define the meaning of the
words "decide" and "decision" as they are used throughout Chapter V:
"The words 'decide' and 'decision' as used in Articles 44,
45 A (except in paragraphs 3 and 4) and 47 relate to a.
conclusion whether or not particular practices have had, have
or are about to have the harmful effects described in
paragraph 1 of Article 44. Such `decisions' of the Organization
shah not be construed as binding the legislative, executive
or judicial authorities of a Member State. Members' obligations
regarding these `decisions' are set out in paragraph 4 of
Article 47".
2. The amendment proposed by the delegation of Mexico for the addition of a
new sub-peragraph (d) to paragraph 1, Article 51 (No. 60 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4)
as fellows:
"(d) Governmentel measurss connected with the provision referred to
in the previous Article".
3. The amendment proposed by the delegation of Argentins for the insertion
of the word "other" in sub-paragraph (c) paragraph 3, Article 44 (No. 17 of
E/CONF.2/C.4/4). |
GATT Library | pv824xf6502 | Sub-Committee A : Draft Agenda prepared by the Secretariat for the Sixteenth Meeting. To be held, 29 December 1947, at 10.30 a.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 29, 1947 | Fourth Committee: Restrictive Business Practices | 29/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.4/A/15, E/CONF. 2/C. 4/A/1-21, C. 4/A/W/1-9, and C. 4/A/WHITE PAPERS | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/pv824xf6502 | pv824xf6502_90200015.xml | GATT_155 | 783 | 5,039 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE E/CONF.2/C.4/A/15
ON DU 29 December 1947
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
FOURTH COMMITTEE: RESTRICTIVE BUSINESS PRACTICES
SUB-COMMITTEE A
Draft Agenda prepared by the Secretariat for the Sixteenth Meeting
To be held, 29 December 1947, at 10.30 a.m.
1. Consideration of the proposals submitted by the Ad Hoc Committee as
follows (E/CONF.2/C.4/A/W.4):
(a) to substitute the words "among a number of countries" for the
words "between two or more countries" in sub-paragraph (c),
paragraph 2, Article 44.
(b) to add the word "trading" before the word "enterprises" in
the beginning of' sub-paragraph (b), paragraph 4, Article 44.
(c) to add the following paragraph 5 to Article 44 and delete
Article 51:
"5. Any business practices described in this Article, insofar as.,
they are specifically subJected to control by the provisions of
Chapter IV and VI or any other Chapter of this Charter, shall
not be subject to the procedures of this Chapter".
(d) To revise paragraph 2 of Article 45 (now paragraph 1, Article 45 A)
as follows:
"A complaint may be presented in writing to the Organization
by any affected Member acting on its own behalf or by any Member
on behalf of any affected person, enterprise or organization
within that Member's jurisdiction may present a written complaint
to the Organization that in any particular instance a practice
exists whetherr engaged in by private or public enterprises) which
has or is about to have the effect described in paragraph 1 of
Article 44. Provided that in the case of [(a)] complaints against
a single public commercial enterprise acting independently of any
other enterprise such complaints may be presented only by a Member
on its own behalf and only after the Member has resorted to the
procedure under paragraph 1 of this Article)7 in Article 45.
/(e) To add the E/CONF.2/C.4/A/15
Page 2
(e) To add the following text at the end of paragraph 8 of Article 45
(now paragraph 7, Article 45 A):
"Provided that if the Organization finds that the practices
concerned have the effect and are as described in Article 44
and have been specifically required by law, the provisions in
paragraphs 7, 8, 9 and 10 of this Article shall not apply and
the complaining Member shall have further recourse only in
accordance with the procedures provided in Chapter VIII or
other relevant provisions of this Charter".
(f) to revise paragraph 1 of Article 47 as follows:
"1. Each Member shall take &al possible measures by legislation
or otherwise, in accordance with its constitution or system of
law and economic organization, to ensure within its jurisdiction
that private and public commercial enterprises do not engage in
practices which have the effect and are as described in Article 44,
and -in addition it shall assist the Organization In preventing
these practices [such assistance to be given in accordance with
the Member's system of law and economic organization]"
(g) To revise paragraph 1 of Article 50 as follows:
."The Members recognize that certain services such as
transportation, telecommunications, insurance and the commercial
services of bank [banking] are substantial elements of
international trade and that any restrictive business practices
[in relation to them] by enterprises engaged in these activities
in International trade may have harmful effects similar to those
described in paragraph 1 of Article 44. Such practices shall be
dealt with in accordance with the following paragraph of this
Article".
(h) To substitute "and shall afford" for the words "with a view to
affording" in paragraph 2 of Article 50.
(i) The statement te be inserted in the report of the Sub-Committee
te the Fourth Committee to clarify and define the meaning of the
words "decide" and "decision" as they are used throughout Chapter V:
"The 'words 'decide' and 'decision' as used in Articles 44,
45 A (except in paragraphs 3 and 4) and 47 relate to a
conclusion whether or not particular practices have had, have
or are about to have the harmful effects described in
paragraph 1 of Article 44. Such 'decisions' of the Organization
shall not be construed as binding the legislative, executive
or judicial authorities of a Member State. Members' obligations
regarding these 'decisions' are set out in paragraph 4 of
Article 47".
/2. The amendment E/CONF.2/C.4/A/15
Page 3
2. The amendment proposed by the delegation of Mexico for the addition of
a new sub-paragraph (d) to paragraph 1, Article 51 (No. 60 of
E/CONF.2/C.4/4) as follows:
"(d) Governmental measures connected with the provision referred
to ln the previous Article".
3. The amendment proposed by the delegation of Argentina for the insertion
of the word "other" in sub-paragraph (c) paragraph 3, Article 44
(No. 17 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4). |
GATT Library | pc284kb1355 | Sub-Committee A : Draft Agenda Prepared by the Secretariat for the Sixth Meeting to be Held 12 December at 10.30 a.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 11, 1947 | Fourth Committee: Restrictive Business Practices | 11/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.4/A/6, E/CONF. 2/C. 4/A/1-21, C. 4/A/W/1-9, and C. 4/A/WHITE PAPERS | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/pc284kb1355 | pc284kb1355_90200006.xml | GATT_155 | 0 | 0 | |
GATT Library | nf686hg0933 | Sub-Committee A : Draft Agenda Prepared by the Secretariat for the Sixth Meeting to be Held 12 December at 10.30 a.m | United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment, December 11, 1947 | Fourth Committee: Restrictive Business Practices | 11/12/1947 | official documents | E/CONF.2/C.4/A/6, E/CONF. 2/C. 4/A/1-21, C. 4/A/W/1-9, and C. 4/A/WHITE PAPERS | https://exhibits.stanford.edu/gatt/catalog/nf686hg0933 | nf686hg0933_90200006.xml | GATT_155 | 474 | 3,213 | United Nations Nations Unies UNRESTRICTED
E/CONF.2/C.4/A/6
CONFERENCE CONFERENCE 11 December 1947
ON DU ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT COMMERCE ET DE L'EMPLOI
FOURTH COMMITTEE: RESTRICTIVE BUSINESS PRACTICES.
SUB-COMMITTEE
Draft Agenda Prepared by the Secretariat for the Sixth
Meeting to be Held 12 December at 10.30 a.m.
CONSIDERATION OF THE AMENDMENTS PROPOSING THAT IN CEHAPTER 5, NO REFERENCE
BE MADE TO PUBLIC ENTERPRISES. THESE AMENDMENTS ARE AS FOIIOWS:
1. Deletion of the words: "whether engaged in by private or public
enterprises" in paragraph 1, Article 44, and paragraph 1, Article 45.
Amendments proposed by the delegations of Argentina and Mexico,
(No. 1, 4, 25 and 26 of E/CONF .2/C.4/4).
2. Deletion of the words "or public" in sub-paragraph b, paragraph 2,
Article 44. Amendments proposed by the delegations of Argentina
and Mexico, (No. 11 and 12 of E/CONF.4/4).
3. Deletion of the words, "between public commercial enterprises
or between private and public commercial enterprises" in sub-paragrbph B,
paragraph 2, Article 44. Amendment proposed by the delegation of.
Argentina (No. 11 of E/CONF .2/C.4/4).
4. Deletion of the words: "or by a combination, agreement or other
arrangement between commercial enterprises, whether between
private commercial enterprises, between public commercial enterprises,
or between private and public commercial enterprises" in sub-paragraph (b)
of paragraph 2, Article 44. Amendment proposed by the delegation of
Mexico. (No. 12 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4).
5. Deletion of the words "private and public" in paragraph 1, Article 47.
Amendment proposed by the delegations of Argentina and Mexico.
(No. 44 and 45 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4).
6. Deletion of the words "provided that in the case of a complaint against
a single public commercial enterprise acting independently, such
complaint may be presented only by a Member on its own behalf and
only after the Member has resorted to the procedure under paragraph 1
of this Article", in paragraph 2, Article 45. Amendment proposed by
the delegation of Argentina (No. 27 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4).
7. Deletion of paragraph 4 of Article 44 proposed by the delegation of
Argentina. (No. 23 of E/CONF.2/0.4/4).
/8. The new E/CONF.2/C.4/A/6
Page 2
8. The new text of paragraph 4, Article 44 proposed. by the delegation
of Mexico (No. 24 or E/CONF.2/C.4/4).
9. Addition of the words: "subject to the provisions of paragraph 4 of
this Article", to paragraph 1, Article 44, to paragraph 2 of
the same Article, end to paragraph 1 of Article 47. Amendments
proposed by the delegation of Mexico, (No. 4, 8, 21 and 45 of
E/CONF.2/C.4/4).
10. Addition of the words "other than the exceptions provided for in
paragraph 4 of Article 44". Amendment proposed by the delegation
of Mexico, in paragraph 8, Article 45, (No. 38 of E/CONF.2/C.4/4)
11. Deletion of the word "concerned" end addition of the words referred to
in paragraph 8 in paragraph 9, Article 45. Amendment proposed by the
delegation of Mexico (No. 40, of E/CONF.2/C.4/4). |
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