Office 2013: Microsoft's bid to win the future
Office 2013: Microsoft’s bid to win the future

            
  
  
  
    

    

    
      Cloud, touch, social, and app streaming are the cornerstones of the next Office.
    

    

    
            
              
            
    
    
      The opening splash for Microsoft's streaming install for Office 2013 is confident you'll love it. 

          
  
          

    
    
    
      The opening splash for Microsoft's streaming install for Office 2013 is confident you'll love it. 

          
  
  



  

  
      
    
    
                      
                      
          
Microsoft Office is the Tonto to Windows’ Lone Ranger—it gets beat up and disparaged by the townsfolk, but in the end it saves Windows’ bacon over and over. While Windows releases are shiny, hype-inflated events, Office does the dirty work of getting users comfortable with each new generation of user interface changes. Office provides the features that gradually convince OS holdouts to move on (well, at least as soon as Service Pack 2 ships).
That role is especially heightened for Office 2013, the next version of Office being unveiled today at an event in San Francisco (where CEO Steve Ballmer said, "We feel a lot like it's 1995." You can interpret for yourself now that the preview is live, available at office.com/preview). Ars got an advance preview of the vastness of Office 2013; Peter Bright and I have spent the last week mapping its previously unknown territory. Some areas of the suite remain Terra Incognita, mostly because Microsoft didn't have everything quite ready for the press to look at in advance of the super-top-secret unveiling, but the suite's basic outlines are now clear.
Some applications have gotten a fresh coat of paint and not much in the way of new functionality. That's subject to change; Lync and OneNote, for example, are far from the final form they'll take when they ship. Other programs have received a raft of feature tweaks and incremental innovations that make them significant enough improvements to warrant an upgrade. But we found that the most dramatic changes were not in any application-specific feature, but in the structure and packaging of the whole. Microsoft has tightly bound cloud, Internet services, and social networking to the Office platform.
Microsoft has also fundamentally changed how most consumers and businesses will buy the package: not as a one-shot disk in a box but as a streamed subscription service.

          
                      
                  
                    
        
          
    
    
          
          
The changes are part of a much bigger strategic shift for Microsoft. Office 2013 is more than just a refresh of Microsoft’s nearly ubiquitous productivity applications. Microsoft is clearly counting on Office 2013 to be a fulcrum point for the company’s whole Windows and cloud platform strategy: moving from a PC-centric worldview to an ecosystem of devices; moving from older Windows versions to Windows 8; and moving from software sales toward cloud-driven subscriptions.
While Windows 8 may be the big circus tent in that strategy, Office makes up most of the tent poles:

To lift Microsoft’s mobile and tablet aspirations, components of Office will be baked into every Windows RT device, and versions of the core applications will be available for Windows Phone.
To coax adoption of Windows 8 on the PC, Microsoft is offering enhanced features (particularly around touch and pen-based interfaces) on the new operating system, and Metro versions of two applications to show off the potential of the Metro interface.
To give third-party service developers and channel partners a better way to build add-on services to Office (and generate continuous revenue), Microsoft has created a new Office service integration API (code-named Agave) based on HTML5 and JavaScript, while keeping the legacy Visual Basic for Applications support intact.
And by offering Office as part of a subscription service tied to the Office 365 platform—both for consumers and businesses—Microsoft hopes to preserve its desktop dominance against other cloud-based challengers like Google Apps and to fundamentally change the economics of its application software business.

As a result, Office 2013 looks like a bridge between Microsoft’s legacy desktop world and the company’s vision of a hybrid client/cloud future. Hey, Office team: no pressure, right?

          
                  
                    
        
          
    
    
          
          
To effectively test the preview of Office, we installed it on a number of platforms: Samsung Windows 8 tablets were provided on loan by Microsoft for testing the Office tablet experience, and we installed the suite on Windows 8 and Windows 7 desktops as well. The preview also included accounts on a pre-release version of the updated Office 365 Web service, and Peter Bright and I both connected our installations to our "legacy" Exchange environments for testing. A number of things weren’t cooked in time for our preview, but they were teased by Microsoft in a private demo; we couldn't test them, so I've mentioned them only briefly.
We’ll present separate previews of each of the major Office 2013 applications, but in this article, I’ll take a broader look at the suite as a whole, including the revamped Office 365. The idea is to find out whether Office 2013 can effectively bridge all of the pieces of Microsoft’s platform strategy—or whether it’s a bridge to nowhere.
The answer to that question depends on whether you share Microsoft’s vision of a Windows-driven world. Many organizations will benefit in some way from drinking Microsoft’s Windows/Office/Cloud kool-aid, but the changes here may also evoke the same confusion among users that came out of Microsoft’s last major Office interface change in 2007. For others who upgraded two years ago (or sooner), however, the changes may not be compelling enough to upgrade—or to pick Microsoft over another cloud solution.

    
              
                
              
                The ten tiles of Office 2013, plus a link to the Office 365 service. Silverlight photobombed the group shot.
                              
            
                  
          
    
    
      The ten tiles of Office 2013, plus a link to the Office 365 service. Silverlight photobombed the group shot.

          
  
        
            

The Office vision quest
Planning for Office 2013 began in parallel with the Windows team’s planning for Windows 8, said Microsoft Vice President for Office P.J. Hough during a private briefing on the new Office platform. "When we started planning," Hough told me, "we were both sampling the market to determine which big shifts we wanted to take advantage of."

          
                  
                    
        
          
    
    
          
          
That parallel planning resulted in both teams focusing on three major areas. The first was what has infamously become known as the "consumerization of IT"—including the rise of mobile devices and tablets. "Before any of the current generation of tablets had shipped, we saw this opportunity in the proliferation of devices," Hough said. Whatever the Office team did, it needed to embrace mobile devices and tablets—not just x86 tablets, but ARM devices and phones as well.
Microsoft had an internal debate over whether touch or voice recognition would be the next important interface. Touch won out, both on the Windows 8 and Office teams, and that choice heavily influenced the design of the application interfaces for the Office apps—they needed to work well both as traditional PC applications with mouse and keyboard, and as touch (and pen) applications on tablets.
Both the Windows and Office teams also saw "a lot of opportunity around people and social networks," Hough said, "both in consumer and with the leading edge starting to encroach on the enterprise." That interest in social networking has already expressed itself through Microsoft’s recent acquisition of Yammer and its continuing relationship with Facebook.
Some social networking integration had already worked its way into Office through Outlook’s “Social Connector” integration with its contact management. But Office 2013 takes social networking and collaboration features even further, integrating them into the interface of most of the Office applications. Microsoft has also added social network-like features such as “following” and status updates to a revamped version of the Office 365 cloud service now in preview.
But perhaps the biggest trend that Microsoft wanted to build deeper into Office was cloud and Internet services. Hough said that Microsoft had already heavily invested in the cloud during in Office’s last generation—through services like Office 365 and SkyDrive. But in the new version of Office, cloud and Internet services (both Microsoft’s and those of its partners) are front and center. Perhaps the most obvious way that this has happened is in the evolution of how Microsoft plans to distribute Office 2013: as a subscription service, streamed from the cloud.

          
                  
                    
        
          
    
    
          
          

    
              
                
              
                As it installs, Office plots world domination.
                              
            
                  
          
    
    
      As it installs, Office plots world domination.

          
  
        
            


Streaming, subscriptions, and sync
Microsoft hasn’t given up on its traditional business model with Office 2013. Office 2013 itself will still be offered with a perpetual license, as will the next generation of Office servers—Exchange, SharePoint, Project, and Lync Server. The company will also offer Office on Windows RT, a subset of Office (Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and OneNote) pre-installed on Windows ARM devices.
But no matter how you pay for the suite, few people will end up with a copy of Office 2013 on a shiny plastic disk. That’s because Microsoft will offer every version of the Office 2013 application suite, and the individual applications, streamed from the cloud (this includes both the Office 365 cloud service and the stand-alone applications for business and consumer users). The move is a recognition that many new devices (such as tablets and ultrabooks) don’t come with any internal optical drive, and it's a way to meet cloud-based competitors head-on. While Microsoft has offered a streamed version of Office 2010 through its Office Professional Plus subscription plan, and used the same “Click to Run” technology to offer a free trial of Office 2010 to consumers, this is the first time that Microsoft is offering all of its consumer Office SKUs streamed from the cloud.
The consumer experience with Office 2013 will work something like this: when you purchase Office 2013 or any of the individual applications from a retail store, instead of getting a box with a DVD, “you’ll essentially buy a coupon or card” with a license code and a Web address, said Hough. From the Web, the customer will download a small executable and the latest version of the software will be streamed to their computer.
That streaming capability also makes it possible for Microsoft to sell Office and its components as a subscription—and to wire other cloud-based services into the suite. The subscription model has a number of advantages for consumers as well as businesses. For one, Microsoft will allow Office apps to be installed on up to five devices per subscription user, and it will provide automatic updates to applications.

          
                  
                    
        
          
    
    
          
          
“We think this will be the primary way people get copies of Office on multiple computers,” Hough said, “including mobile devices.”
The subscription model will also allow for other settings and properties to be shared from device to device, such as custom dictionaries. When a user streams a copy of Office to a new computer and signs in with his Office account, all the customizations that have been made to Office “will come flowing back to them as an individual user,” Hough said.
Microsoft is previewing the Office 2013 subscription as part of four different “Premium” versions of Office 365, including a consumer edition:

Home Premium, for up to five PCs, includes Word, PowerPoint, Excel, Outlook, Access, Publisher, and OneNote—bundled with an extra 20 gigabytes of SkyDrive storage. Hough suggested that consumer subscriptions would also come with Skype minutes.
Small Business Premium, for up to 10 users, includes Word, PowerPoint, Excel, Outlook, OneNote, Access, Publisher, InfoPath and Lync, as well as hosted Exchange e-mail and a business SkyDrive for shared documents. Each user can install Office 2013 apps on up to five different computers.
ProPlus, similar to the current Office Professional Plus plan, includes the same applications as Small Business Premium, with 25 user accounts and five installations of Office per user. This can be added to an Office365 mail and collaboration subscription or used standalone.
Enterprise, which includes full enterprise versions of Exchange Online, SharePoint Online, and Lync Onlines services.

(Mac users, don't feel left out; Microsoft says that Office 2011 for Mac OS X will also be included in these Office 365 subscriptions when they're finalized.)
In my tests using the ProPlus preview, connecting over a 20Mbps business cable modem connection, I was able to get up and running with Office 2013 in under two minutes, running applications as the functionality got streamed in background. Of course, this is the preview, and I wasn’t having to contend with many other users on the Office 365 site set up to support our testing.

          
                  
                    
        
          
    
    
          
          
To start the install, I connected to an Office 365 server provided by Microsoft for the preview. This is similar to what ProPlus and Home users will see when they connect to install their client for the first time:

    
              
                
              
                
                                  
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                                          The Office 365 install page for Office 2013
                                      
                              
            
                  
          
    
    
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          The Office 365 install page for Office 2013

                  
          
  
        
            

If you've installed a copy on another system, the next screen you will get is a license management page. Here, you can delete the permission for Office 2013 to run on specific computers under your credentials; if they're shared, that just means they're not counted against your total of five.

    
              
                
              
                The Office 365 license management screen lets you delete machines you'd rather not Office on anymore.
                              
            
                  
          
    
    
      The Office 365 license management screen lets you delete machines you'd rather not Office on anymore.

          
  
        
            

To start the install, you download the Click-to-Run streaming installer. After an opening animation, the installer lets you pick some basic customization features that will apply across the entire suite (at least where themes are supported).

    
              
                
              
                Getting personal: the theme information applied at installation will follow you around when you log into other copies of Office.
                              
            
                  
          
    
    
      Getting personal: the theme information applied at installation will follow you around when you log into other copies of Office.

          
  
        
            

For users who move from PC to PC, or device to device, this makes it possible to quickly move an Office license off a computer no longer in use—and for administrators, it makes managing seat licenses pain-free. Using the Office account to log in to Office apps also allows configuration settings, connections to SkyDrive, and things like custom dictionary entries to be pulled to a new PC, so users have the same setup they’ve used at other computers.
It also allows for some interesting additional features in the Office apps. For example, Word and PowerPoint can save the user's location within a document, so that when the file is next opened, a user will start exactly where they left off, regardless of whether the file is being edited on the same machine or not.
And Office account logins even work at computers that already have someone else’s installation running. Without having to log out of a Windows session, users can switch local Office applications to their Office account and instantly get access to their settings (and access to their SkyDrive and other cloud services).

          
                  
                    
        
          
    
    
          
          

    
                  
                  
          
    
    
      The Office account management popup in Word lets you switch accounts without having to log out.

          
  
        
            

This feature makes the most sense in offices where there are task computers or shared devices. They might also be popular with libraries and other places where people “borrow” PC time, but don’t allow them to store files locally. Being able to log in to your own personal settings at a shared computer, then make them disappear when you’re done, is a lot more attractive to people who need the full functionality of an Office app for editing a document than using one of the Web-based alternatives.

Storage, sharing, and “social”
Of course, you don’t get this kind of user mobility without cloud storage. And cloud storage is one of the key design points of Office 2013. While Office 2010 may have supported connecting to SkyDrive and to SharePoint services, those services are front and center in the consumer and business versions of Office 2013, respectively—which is why they play a prominent role in the subscription plans for Office as well. When you’re logged into Office with your personal or business Office account, Office applications save files to the cloud by default.
For consumers, that cloud storage is the SkyDrive service. Consumers who buy the Office subscription plan automatically get another 20 gigabytes of SkyDrive storage (for a total of 27 gigs). For business users connected to Office 365, there are additional choices, including a service called SkyDrive Pro, part of the new SharePoint service of Office 365. SkyDrive Pro behaves much like Google Drive, in that you can share files with specific people and control their level of access (edit or view). You can also create specific folders for work that are synced to your devices.
It’s fairly straightforward to set up a synced library from Office 365; there’s a “Sync” button right at the top right corner of every library page. Clicking it connects the page to a system tray applet for SkyDrive Pro, which sets up a local cache for Office to access the documents when the network isn’t available.

          
                  
                    
        
          
    
    
          
          

    
              
                
              
                The sync button in the new Office 365's SkyDrive Pro interface (the red arrow is not part of the Web app.) Click, and the SkyDrive Pro client app connects to the folder.
                              
            
                  
          
    
    
      The sync button in the new Office 365's SkyDrive Pro interface (the red arrow is not part of the Web app.) Click, and the SkyDrive Pro client app connects to the folder.

          
  
        
            


    
              
                
              
                The SkyDrive Pro background client picks up on the click on "Sync," and asks where you want the folder synchronized to on your PC or device.
                              
            
                  
          
    
    
      The SkyDrive Pro background client picks up on the click on "Sync," and asks where you want the folder synchronized to on your PC or device.

          
  
        
            

Cloud storage also helps with collaboration on documents, and there are a number of features built into Office's apps to facilitate collaboration. You can directly share files from the Office applications via SkyDrive—an interface in each of the applications generates an e-mail message to a collaborator with a link to the shared document.

    
              
                
              
                The file sharing interface from within Office apps offers a number of options for sharing, including creating a collaboration URL for the file hosted on a Microsoft server or posting to SharePoint, sending it as an e-mail, or presenting it via a Web player. When Web-sharing, you can invite people directly from within the application, or create a URL to post for large numbers of people to get access.
                              
            
                  
          
    
    
      The file sharing interface from within Office apps offers a number of options for sharing, including creating a collaboration URL for the file hosted on a Microsoft server or posting to SharePoint, sending it as an e-mail, or presenting it via a Web player. When Web-sharing, you can invite people directly from within the application, or create a URL to post for large numbers of people to get access.

          
  
        
            


    
              
                
              
                Once you've chosen where the files go, SkyDrive Pro invites you to watch the files come rolling in.
                              
            
                  
          
    
    
      Once you've chosen where the files go, SkyDrive Pro invites you to watch the files come rolling in.

          
  
        
            

While you don’t get the sort of live co-editing that you get in Web-based applications (including the Web versions of Office apps), Office will at least tell you who’s in a document and when changes have been made. For example, in Word, the application alerts you when someone else is editing the document, and when updates to it are available—and allows you to merge those changes with your own (and steer clear of areas where changes are being made.

    
                  
                  
          
    
    
      When someone else has a shared document open, Office alerts you. In Word, you can keep on editing; in Excel, it shows you the document in read-only.

          
  
        
            


    
              
                
              
                Word showing updates from another editor are available for a document. Clicking "Save" synchronizes the file with the changes made by the other editor, merging them with yours.
                              
            
                  
          
    
    
      Word showing updates from another editor are available for a document. Clicking "Save" synchronizes the file with the changes made by the other editor, merging them with yours.

          
  
        
            


    
              
                
              
                After you've synced a co-edited document in Word, the changes made by the other author (or authors) since you started working on the document are highlighted in green, as this dialogue box helpfully points out.
                              
            
                  
          
    
    
      After you've synced a co-edited document in Word, the changes made by the other author (or authors) since you started working on the document are highlighted in green, as this dialogue box helpfully points out.

          
  
        
            

The co-editing feature is one of the places where Office’s new sort-of-social features start to come into play. Microsoft has expanded the “people-awareness” of applications—in addition to letting you know who’s editing a document, or tracking who makes comments, the Office account information associated with each user allows for direct integration from the core Office document-editing apps with Outlook, Lync, and other services.

    
              
                
              
                Clicking on the name of another editor in a document brings up a contact card that includes their social network status and icons to contact them through Lync, or schedule a meeting or e-mail them through Outlook.
                              
            
                  
          
    
    
      Clicking on the name of another editor in a document brings up a contact card that includes their social network status and icons to contact them through Lync, or schedule a meeting or e-mail them through Outlook.

          
  
        
            

Some of this happens through Office’s Social Connector feature. Originally introduced as part of Outlook in Office 2010, the Social Connector draws information about contacts from Facebook, LinkedIn, Windows Live Messenger, Xing, and other social networking services, as well as from an Office 365 “team site” (the SharePoint cloud service). Hough said that the Social Connector API would be open, so that other social networking providers can build their own interfaces to Office.
Microsoft obviously has an interest in promoting social networking within enterprises, with its recent acquisition of Yammer. Chris Schneider, a senior communications manager in Microsoft’s Office division, said in response to a question of mine that Yammer will continue to be offered as a standalone service by Microsoft, but “over time, Yammer will offer more connections to Office 365, SharePoint, Dynamics and Skype.” While there’s no official word on a Yammer version of Social Connector for Office, one is certainly in the works.

          
                  
                    
        
          
    
    
          
          

    
              
                
              
                My conversation about Yammer, courtesy of Office 365's own social networking feature, "Newsfeeds."
                              
            
                  
          
    
    
      My conversation about Yammer, courtesy of Office 365's own social networking feature, "Newsfeeds."

          
  
        
            

That brings up another social element introduced in Office 365—the newsfeed. Part of the update to the Office 365 service launching along with Office 2013 is the addition of user profile pages, personal “newsfeeds” where users can post status messages, and the ability to “follow” people’s profiles as well as specific pages. When someone you follow within Office 365 posts a new update, or when changes are made to a SharePoint page you follow, an alert gets e-mailed to you.
That newsfeed information is surfaced within the individual Office client applications as well. When there’s someone editing a document you’re interested in, or someone has left a comment in a document, you can click on the person’s name and pull up a “People Card” that lets you see their newsfeed, instant message them or call them through Lync, or send them an e-mail. Other social-like features are supported directly in the documents themselves—for example, comments within documents are now threaded.

Serving it up
Microsoft has also embedded Internet and the cloud into Office in another way—as a vehicle for delivering content and services. That includes integration of content previously hosted through a website directly into the interface of Office 2013’s applications, and a planned marketplace for add-on services and applications developed by Microsoft and third parties—hosted either within the Office 365 cloud or elsewhere.
The first example is Office’s collection of templates. In addition to the default set shipped with Office 2013 as it’s streamed down, some of the content is hosted through Microsoft’s Office.com site—such as seasonal items like Independence Day party invitations and baseball team MVP certificates. Hough says that this allows users to get quick access to templates that are contextually appropriate without hunting through the Web, and for the Office team to curate the collection throughout the year. If there’s one that’s a favorite at any time, users can click the pushpin icon to “pin it” to the top of the template list.

          
                  
                    
        
          
    
    
          
          

    
              
                
              
                You can search for additional templates online directly from within the new document interface in Word, Excel and PowerPoint.
                              
            
                  
          
    
    
      You can search for additional templates online directly from within the new document interface in Word, Excel and PowerPoint.

          
  
        
            

But there are some more sophisticated services being delivered through the cloud—or through Office servers—as well. Microsoft has created a new set of interfaces for Office 2013, based on HTML5 and JavaScript, that will allow services to be surfaced within Office applications. Hough demonstrated a few for me that aren’t in the current preview build, using Outlook: applets that appear within messages that detect addresses and map the location, sense dates and times and use them to populate a suggested calendar appointment, and detect the words “follow up” and similar phrases within a message and automatically suggest marking it for follow-up.
Those applications will be offered out-of-the-box with Exchange server, Hough said. But the same APIs will be made available to enterprises and third-party developers to create their own add-ons for Exchange, SharePoint, and the Office client applications. They will also be for sale through a planned Office Marketplace.
Microsoft is not abandoning Visual Basic for Applications; the VBA engine is still fully supported within Office 2013. But it’s clear that Microsoft wants to push office toward the same development frameworks that it is using for the Metro environment in Windows 8.
Metro-polis
All of these architectural changes come wrapped in a brand new interface that borrows from the Office 2007 and 2011 lineage (with menu “ribbons” that desktop users will generally recognize) while trying to make things more accommodating to touch. Hough said that some hardware detection has been built into Office 2013 so that it can recognize what sort of device it’s installed on, and—for devices that have both traditional PC input devices and touch—detect when they’re in one mode or another.
That’s the same sort of problem that the Windows 8 team had to face. But Office 2013 couldn’t be built exclusively for Windows 8—it’s a Windows 7 application as well and has to exist in the Windows 7 Aero world with as much ease as the flatland of the Windows 8 desktop.

          
                  
                    
        
          
    
    
          
          
As a PC application, the new interface holds up. It takes Metro’s minimalism half-way, making it easier to cut down on the distractions of the interface and focus on the work at hand. Some of the conversions from the Office 2010 world are a bit confusing, though. For example, what used to be called "Backstage" in Office applications—where all the application settings were located and where users handled connection to back-end services—is now all shoved under the “File” tab in every Office application, along with "save" and "save as," even though a lot of those things have nothing to do with files.
While Office 2013 may not require the massive user re-education that was required when Office 2007 was launched (later mitigated by Office 2010), it's still going to take a while for users to adjust to the new visual language of Office. But that’s the risk you run when you’re bridging people from the old to the new. And with a subscription model driving updates to users, Microsoft may be able to adjust to user feedback without having to wait until 2016 to do so.
All about the cash flow
At the end of the day, Office is about money—sales for Microsoft and sales for partners. Office has been a cash cow for some time; it holds, by some estimates, over 70 percent global market share. But because of the perpetual license model, it has seen diminishing returns on the last few releases. Sales of Office 2010 lagged well behind those of Office 2007, perhaps because it was seen as being less essential—or because Office 2007 alienated enough people into staying on older versions of Office or moving to other alternatives. That put partners who sold Office-based solutions in a bit of a bind.

          
                  
                    
        
          
    
    

        
        
          
          
When Microsoft launched Office 365, it created another point of tension—sure, resellers could offer the Office 365 service, but they couldn’t directly bill their customers for it or brand it as theirs—something they could do with Google Apps.
Microsoft announced its fix for that at the recent Worldwide Partner Conference in Toronto: Office 365 Open, which will let partners bill their customers directly. Add to that the bundling of Office 2013 with Office 365, and—pending details on how it all works from Microsoft—suddenly the upgrade cash flow cycle is broken and Microsoft’s resellers can get back in between Microsoft and their customers.
On the consumer side, the subscription model is a bit more pie-in-the-sky. Consumer subscription products have had limited success in entertainment—Netflix is the obvious exception to the rule—and Microsoft is already essentially giving away access to free Web versions of its tools through Docs.com and other services. Unless Microsoft really aggressively prices the service, it's bound to have few adopters, though a try-and-buy approach might actually help convert some people to perpetual licenses.
Either way, the service model—if it works—means that Microsoft will be able to both significantly reduce the cost of getting Office out the door while turning it into a recurring revenue stream. And that might end up being the biggest tent pole in the Office 2013 bag.


          
                  

                  
          


  
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    Aurich Lawson
  




  
  
          
  

  
    

    
      Sean was previously Ars Technica's IT and National Security Editor, and is now a Principal Threat Researcher at SophosLabs.  A former Navy officer, systems administrator, and network systems integrator with 20 years of IT journalism experience, he lives and works in Baltimore, Maryland.
    
  



  
    
    
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