Campeonato de la División I de Fútbol Americano de la NCAA
# Campeonato de la División I de Fútbol Americano de la NCAA

El Campeonato de la División I de Fútbol Americano de la NCAA es la competición más importante de fútbol americano universitario del mundo. Enfrenta a los equipos de la División I de la National Collegiate Athletic Association.

NCAA significa en idioma inglés National Collegiate Athletic Association.

El campeón se decide en el College Football Championship Game.

## Historia

En sus orígenes, todos los equipos universitarios competían en una categoría única, hasta que en 1955, la NCAA creó dos categorías: "University Division" (universidades más grandes) y "College Division" (universidades más pequeñas). Posteriormente, en 1973, cambió esas dos categorías por tres nuevas: "División I", "División II" y "División III", dependiendo no ya del tamaño de las universidades, sino de su oferta de becas para deportistas. Y en 1978, dividió la División I en otras dos categorías para fútbol americano: la "I-A" y la "I-AA", que en 2006 cambiaron de denominación. La División I-A pasó a llamarse "Football Bowl Subdivisión (FBS)" y la División I-AA a "Football Championship Subdivisión (FCS)".

NCAA significa en idioma inglés National Collegiate Athletic Association.

El Campeonato de la División I de Fútbol Americano de la NCAA considera a todos los equipos hasta 1955, a los de la "University División" entre 1955 y 1973, a los de "División I" entre 1973 y 1978, a los de "División I-A" entre 1978 y 2006, y a los de "Football Bowl Subdivisión (FBS)" desde 2006.

El resto de equipos tienen sus campeonatos correspondientes:

* "Football Bowl Subdivisión (FBS)": FCS National Football Championship.
* "División II": Campeonato de la División II de Fútbol Americano de la NCAA.
* "División III": Campeonato de la División III de Fútbol Americano de la NCAA.

La historia del título de campeón universitario de fútbol americano en los Estados Unidos se hacía siempre de manera oficiosa, ya que la NCAA no proclamaba un campeón, a diferencia de otros deportes. El campeón lo proclamaban diferentes organizaciones independientes que llevaban a cabo encuestas, siendo históricamente el Associated Press College Poll y el USA Today Coaches' Poll las más importantes, y, desde 2004, el Harris Interactive College Football Poll en sustitución del Associated Press College Poll.

Para intentar terminar con las polémicas proclamaciones del campeón, se creó la Bowl Coalition (1992-1994) primero, la Bowl Alliance (1995-1997) después y las Bowl Championship Series (1998-2006) a continuación, pero no se conseguiría hasta 2006, con la aparición del BCS National Championship Game, la unificación de criterios para aceptar al vencedor de este partido como campeón nacional único e indiscutible.

* Bowl Coalition (1992-1994). Enfrentaba a los campeones de conferencia contra el resto de mejores equipos de estas conferencias en seis partidos diferentes: Orange Bowl, Sugar Bowl, Cotton Bowl, Fiesta Bowl, Gator Bowl y Sun Bowl. Las conferencias incluidas eran SEC, Big 8, SWC, ACC y Big East, además del equipo independiente Notre Dame. Era muy criticado, principalmente porque dejaba fuera a los equipos de conferencias potentes como Big Ten y Pac-10 o equipos independientes como BYU.
* Bowl Alliance (1995-1997). Continuó el mismo sistema de la Bowl Coalition, añadiendo un equipo más por votación, que pasó a dos equipos en 1996 tras disolverse la SWC, y reduciendo el número de partidos a tres: Orange Bowl, Sugar Bowl y Fiesta Bowl. Solamente duró tres temporadas.
* Bowl Championship Series (1998-2006). Amplió dos conferencias más, la Big Ten y la Pac-10, otro par de equipos independientes y un partido más, el Rose Bowl, al sistema anterior (Bowl Alliance). Es decir, que el número de partidos se amplió a cuatro: Orange Bowl, Sugar Bowl, Fiesta Bowl y Rose Bowl. Siguió generando polémicas y disputas sobre cual era el campeón nacional. En particular, en la temporada 2003 volvió a haber desacuerdo y tanto LSU como USC reclaman el título.

Finalmente, en 2006 se añadió el BCS National Championship Game al calendario por consenso entre todos los equipos y organizaciones. Podía participar en él cualquier equipo de cualquier conferencia (o independiente) y se aceptaba, por todas las partes implicadas, al ganador como campeón de la NCAA. Participaban en él los equipos #1 y #2 del ranking al final de la temporada regular. El ranking se elaboraba, desde 2004, según un complejo sistema que calculaba la media de un ranking informático y de las votaciones con recuento Borda del Harris Interactive Poll y el USA Today Coaches Poll.

A partir de 2014 fue sustituido por el College Football Championship Game, ya que se amplió de dos a cuatro el número de equipos finalistas, creando una Final Four denominada College Football Playoff (CFP) cuyo partido final recibe el nombre de "College Football Championship Game".

## Palmarés

| Temporada | Campeón/ Campeones | Método | Partido final |
| - | - | - | - |
| 1869 | Princeton | | |
| 1869 | Rutgers | | |
| 1870 | Princeton | | |
| 1871 | No se disputó | | |
| 1872 | Princeton | | |
| 1872 | Yale | | |
| 1873 | Princeton | | |
| 1874 | Harvard | | |
| 1874 | Princeton | | |
| 1874 | Yale | | |
| 1875 | Columbia | | |
| 1875 | Harvard | | |
| 1875 | Princeton | | |
| 1876 | Yale | | |
| 1877 | Princeton | | |
| 1877 | Yale | | |
| 1878 | Princeton | | |
| 1879 | Princeton | | |
| 1879 | Yale | | |
| 1880 | Princeton | | |
| 1880 | Yale | | |
| 1881 | Princeton | | |
| 1881 | Yale | | |
| 1882 | Yale | | |
| 1883 | Yale | | |
| 1884 | Princeton | | |
| 1884 | Yale | | |
| 1885 | Princeton | | |
| 1886 | Princeton | | |
| 1886 | Yale | | |
| 1887 | Yale | | |
| 1888 | Yale | | |
| 1889 | Princeton | | |
| 1890 | Harvard | | |
| 1891 | Yale | | |
| 1892 | Yale | | |
| 1893 | Princeton | | |
| 1893 | Yale | | |
| 1894 | Penn | | |
| 1894 | Princeton | | |
| 1894 | Yale | | |
| 1895 | Penn | | |
| 1895 | Yale | | |
| 1896 | Lafayette | | |
| 1896 | Princeton | | |
| 1897 | Penn | | |
| 1897 | Yale | | |
| 1898 | Harvard | | |
| 1898 | Princeton | | |
| 1899 | Harvard | | |
| 1899 | Princeton | | |
| 1900 | Yale | | |
| 1901 | Harvard | | |
| 1901 | Michigan | | |
| 1901 | Yale | | |
| 1902 | Michigan | | |
| 1902 | Yale | | |
| 1903 | Michigan | | |
| 1903 | Princeton | | |
| 1904 | Michigan | | |
| 1904 | Minnesota | | |
| 1904 | Penn | | |
| 1905 | Chicago | | |
| 1905 | Yale | | |
| 1906 | Princeton | | |
| 1906 | Yale | | |
| 1907 | Yale | | |
| 1908 | Harvard | | |
| 1908 | LSU | | |
| 1908 | Penn | | |
| 1909 | Yale | | |
| 1910 | Harvard | | |
| 1910 | Pittsburgh | | |
| 1911 | Penn State | | |
| 1911 | Princeton | | |
| 1912 | Harvard | | |
| 1912 | Penn State | | |
| 1913 | Auburn | | |
| 1913 | Chicago | | |
| 1913 | Harvard | | |
| 1914 | Army | | |
| 1914 | Illinois | | |
| 1914 | Texas | | |
| 1915 | Cornell | | |
| 1915 | Oklahoma | | |
| 1915 | Pittsburgh | | |
| 1916 | Army | | |
| 1916 | Pittsburgh | | |
| 1917 | Georgia Tech | | |
| 1918 | Michigan | | |
| 1918 | Pittsburgh | | |
| 1919 | Centre | | |
| 1919 | Harvard | | |
| 1919 | Illinois | | |
| 1919 | Notre Dame | | |
| 1919 | Texas A&M | | |
| 1920 | California | | |
| 1920 | Harvard | | |
| 1920 | Notre Dame | | |
| 1920 | Princeton | | |
| 1920 | Georgia | | |
| 1921 | California | | |
| 1921 | Cornell | | |
| 1921 | Iowa | | |
| 1921 | Lafayette | | |
| 1921 | Washington & Jefferson | | |
| 1921 | Vanderbilt | | |
| 1922 | California | | |
| 1922 | Cornell | | |
| 1922 | Princeton | | |
| 1922 | Vanderbilt | | |
| 1923 | California | | |
| 1923 | Cornell | | |
| 1923 | Illinois | | |
| 1923 | Michigan | | |
| 1923 | Yale | | |
| 1924 | Notre Dame | | |
| 1924 | Penn | | |
| 1925 | Alabama | | |
| 1925 | Dartmouth | | |
| 1925 | Michigan | | |
| 1926 | Alabama | | |
| 1926 | Lafayette | | |
| 1926 | Michigan | | |
| 1926 | Navy | | |
| 1926 | Stanford | | |
| 1927 | Georgia | | |
| 1927 | Illinois | | |
| 1927 | Notre Dame | | |
| 1927 | Texas A&M | | |
| 1927 | Yale | | |
| 1928 | Detroit | | |
| 1928 | Georgia Tech | | |
| 1928 | USC | | |
| 1929 | Notre Dame | | |
| 1929 | Pittsburgh | | |
| 1929 | USC | | |
| 1930 | Alabama | | |
| 1930 | Notre Dame | | |
| 1931 | Pittsburgh | | |
| 1931 | Purdue | | |
| 1931 | USC | | |
| 1932 | Colgate | | |
| 1932 | Michigan | | |
| 1932 | USC | | |
| 1933 | Michigan | | |
| 1933 | Ohio State | | |
| 1933 | Princeton | | |
| 1933 | USC | | |
| 1934 | Alabama | | |
| 1934 | Minnesota | | |
| 1935 | LSU | | |
| 1935 | Minnesota | | |
| 1935 | Princeton | | |
| 1935 | SMU | | |
| 1935 | TCU | | |
| 1936 | LSU | | |
| 1936 | Minnesota | AP Poll | |
| 1936 | Pittsburgh | | |
| 1936 | Duke | | |
| 1937 | California | | |
| 1937 | Pittsburgh | AP Poll | |
| 1938 | Notre Dame | | |
| 1938 | TCU | AP Poll | |
| 1938 | Tennessee | | |
| 1939 | Cornell | | |
| 1939 | Texas A&M | AP Poll | |
| 1939 | USC | | |
| 1940 | Minnesota | AP Poll | |
| 1940 | Stanford | | |
| 1940 | Tennessee | | |
| 1941 | Alabama | | |
| 1941 | Minnesota | AP Poll | |
| 1941 | Texas | | |
| 1942 | Georgia | | |
| 1942 | Ohio State | AP Poll | |
| 1942 | Wisconsin | | |
| 1943 | Notre Dame | AP Poll | |
| 1944 | Army | AP Poll | |
| 1944 | Ohio State | | |
| 1945 | Alabama | | |
| 1945 | Army | AP Poll | |
| 1946 | Army | | |
| 1946 | Georgia | | |
| 1946 | Notre Dame | AP Poll | |
| 1947 | Michigan | | |
| 1947 | Notre Dame | AP Poll | |
| 1948 | Michigan | AP Poll | |
| 1949 | Notre Dame | AP Poll | |
| 1949 | Oklahoma | | |
| 1950 | Kentucky | | |
| 1950 | Oklahoma | AP Poll | |
| 1950 | Princeton | | |
| 1950 | Tennessee | | |
| 1951 | Georgia Tech | | |
| 1951 | Illinois | | |
| 1951 | Maryland | | |
| 1951 | Michigan State | | |
| 1951 | Tennessee | AP Poll | |
| 1952 | Georgia Tech | | |
| 1952 | Michigan State | AP Poll | |
| 1953 | Maryland | AP Poll | |
| 1953 | Notre Dame | | |
| 1953 | Oklahoma | | |
| 1954 | Ohio State | AP Poll | |
| 1954 | UCLA | | |
| 1955 | Michigan State | | |
| 1955 | Oklahoma | AP Poll | |
| 1956 | Georgia Tech | | |
| 1956 | Iowa | | |
| 1956 | Oklahoma | AP Poll | |
| 1956 | Tennessee | | |
| 1957 | Auburn | AP Poll | |
| 1957 | Michigan State | | |
| 1957 | Ohio State | | |
| 1957 | Oklahoma | | |
| 1958 | Iowa | | |
| 1958 | LSU | AP Poll | |
| 1959 | Ole Miss | | |
| 1959 | Syracuse | AP Poll | |
| 1960 | Iowa | | |
| 1960 | Minnesota | AP Poll | |
| 1960 | Ole Miss | | |
| 1960 | Missouri | | |
| 1960 | Washington | | |
| 1961 | Alabama | AP Poll | |
| 1961 | Ohio State | | |
| 1962 | LSU | | |
| 1962 | Ole Miss | | |
| 1962 | USC | AP Poll | |
| 1963 | Texas | AP Poll | |
| 1964 | Alabama | AP Poll | |
| 1964 | Arkansas | | |
| 1964 | Michigan | | |
| 1964 | Notre Dame | | |
| 1965 | Alabama | AP Poll | |
| 1965 | Michigan State | | |
| 1966 | Alabama | | |
| 1966 | Michigan State | | |
| 1966 | Notre Dame | AP Poll | |
| 1967 | Notre Dame | | |
| 1967 | Oklahoma | | |
| 1967 | USC | AP Poll | |
| 1967 | Tennessee | | |
| 1968 | Georgia | | |
| 1968 | Ohio State | AP Poll | |
| 1968 | Texas | | |
| 1969 | Ohio State | | |
| 1969 | Penn State | | |
| 1969 | Texas | AP Poll | |
| 1970 | Arizona State | | |
| 1970 | Nebraska | AP Poll | |
| 1970 | Notre Dame | | |
| 1970 | Ohio State | | |
| 1970 | Texas | | |
| 1971 | Nebraska | AP Poll | |
| 1972 | USC | AP Poll | |
| 1973 | Alabama | | |
| 1973 | Michigan | | |
| 1973 | Notre Dame | AP Poll | |
| 1973 | Ohio State | | |
| 1973 | Oklahoma | | |
| 1974 | Ohio State | | |
| 1974 | Oklahoma | AP Poll | |
| 1974 | USC | Coaches Poll | |
| 1975 | Alabama | | |
| 1975 | Arizona State | | |
| 1975 | Ohio State | | |
| 1975 | Oklahoma | AP Poll, Coaches Poll | |
| 1976 | Pittsburgh | AP Poll, Coaches Poll | |
| 1976 | USC | | |
| 1977 | Alabama | | |
| 1977 | Arkansas | | |
| 1977 | Notre Dame | AP Poll, Coaches Poll | |
| 1977 | Texas | | |
| 1978 | Alabama | AP Poll | |
| 1978 | Oklahoma | | |
| 1978 | USC | Coaches Poll | |
| 1979 | Alabama | AP Poll, Coaches Poll | |
| 1979 | USC | | |
| 1980 | Florida State | | |
| 1980 | Georgia | AP Poll, Coaches Poll | |
| 1980 | Nebraska | | |
| 1980 | Oklahoma | | |
| 1980 | Pittsburgh | | |
| 1981 | Clemson | AP Poll, Coaches Poll | |
| 1981 | Nebraska | | |
| 1981 | Penn State | | |
| 1981 | Pittsburgh | | |
| 1981 | SMU | | |
| 1981 | Texas | | |
| 1982 | Nebraska | | |
| 1982 | Penn State | AP Poll, Coaches Poll | |
| 1982 | SMU | | |
| 1983 | Auburn | | |
| 1983 | Miami | AP Poll, Coaches Poll | |
| 1983 | Nebraska | | |
| 1984 | BYU | AP Poll, Coaches Poll | |
| 1984 | Florida | | |
| 1984 | Nebraska | | |
| 1984 | Washington | | |
| 1985 | Florida | AP Poll | |
| 1985 | Michigan | | |
| 1985 | Oklahoma | Coaches Poll | |
| 1986 | Miami | | |
| 1986 | Oklahoma | | |
| 1986 | Penn State | AP Poll, Coaches Poll | |
| 1987 | Florida State | | |
| 1987 | Miami | AP Poll, Coaches Poll | |
| 1988 | Miami | | |
| 1988 | Notre Dame | AP Poll, Coaches Poll | |
| 1989 | Miami | AP Poll, Coaches Poll | |
| 1989 | Notre Dame | | |
| 1990 | Colorado | AP Poll | |
| 1990 | Georgia Tech | Coaches Poll | |
| 1990 | Miami | | |
| 1990 | Washington | | |
| 1991 | Miami | AP Poll | |
| 1991 | Washington | Coaches Poll | |
| 1992 | Alabama | Bowl Coalition | Sugar Bowl |
| 1993 | Florida State | Bowl Coalition | Orange Bowl |
| 1994 | Nebraska | Bowl Coalition | Orange Bowl |
| 1995 | Nebraska | Bowl Alliance | Fiesta Bowl |
| 1996 | Florida | Bowl Alliance | Sugar Bowl |
| 1997 | Nebraska | Bowl Alliance | Orange Bowl |
| 1997 | Michigan | AP Poll | |
| 1998 | Tennessee | Bowl Championship Series | Fiesta Bowl |
| 1999 | Florida State | Bowl Championship Series | Sugar Bowl |
| 2000 | Oklahoma | Bowl Championship Series | Orange Bowl |
| 2001 | Miami | Bowl Championship Series | Rose Bowl |
| 2002 | Ohio State | Bowl Championship Series | Fiesta Bowl |
| 2003 | LSU | Bowl Championship Series | Sugar Bowl |
| 2003 | USC | AP Poll | |
| 2004 | USC | Bowl Championship Series | Orange Bowl |
| 2005 | Texas | Bowl Championship Series | Rose Bowl |
| 2006 | Florida | | BCS National Championship Game |
| 2007 | LSU | | BCS National Championship Game |
| 2008 | Florida | | BCS National Championship Game |
| 2009 | Alabama | | BCS National Championship Game |
| 2010 | Auburn | | BCS National Championship Game |
| 2011 | Alabama | | BCS National Championship Game |
| 2012 | Alabama | | BCS National Championship Game |
| 2013 | Florida State | | BCS National Championship Game |
| 2014 | Ohio State | College Football Playoff | College Football Championship Game |
| 2015 | Alabama | College Football Playoff | College Football Championship Game |
| 2016 | Clemson | College Football Playoff | College Football Championship Game |
| 2017 | Alabama | College Football Playoff | College Football Championship Game |
| 2018 | Clemson | College Football Playoff | College Football Championship Game |
| 2019 | LSU | College Football Playoff | College Football Championship Game |
| 2020 | Alabama | College Football Playoff | College Football Championship Game |
| 2021 | Georgia | College Football Playoff | College Football Championship Game |
| 2022 | Georgia | College Football Playoff | College Football Championship Game |

* Datos: Q2948736
