Demografía de Eslovenia
# Demografía de Eslovenia

Este artículo describe las principales características de la demografía de Eslovenia

## Población

Según el censo de 2002, Eslovenia contaba con 1.964.036 habitantes. Ya para el 2020 se estima un total de 2,100,126 habitantes. Con 95 hab./km², Eslovenia está en los últimos puestos entre los países europeos en densidad de población (comparar con los 320/km² para los Países Bajos o los 195/km² para Italia). Aproximadamente el 50% de la población total vive en áreas urbanas, mientras que el resto lo hace en áreas rurales.

| Fecha del censo | Habitantes | Densidad de población / (habitantes por km²) |
| - | - | - |
| 1 |
| 1961 | 1,591,523 | 20,271 |
| 1971 | 1,679,051 | 20,271 |
| 1981 | 1,838,381 | 20,271 |
| 1991 | 1,913,355 | 20,271 |
| 2002 | 1,964,036 | 20,271 |
| 2011 | 2,050,189 | 20,271 |

## Etnias

Los principales grupos étnicos del país son: eslovenos (89%); croatas, serbios, bosnios y otras nacionalidades de la ex Yugoslavia (5,9%); y las minorías húngara e italiana (0,5%). La esperanza de vida en 2000 era de 71,8 años para los hombres y 79,5 años para las mujeres, sin embargo, en 2004 aumentó a 72,1 años para los hombres y 79,8 para las mujeres.

A partir de 2004, hay estimaciones de un número de personas borradas administrativamente que rondaría entre el 1% y el 10% (La Corte Suprema ordenó la reinstauración de los derechos de personas borradas en 2004)

## Idioma

El idioma oficial es el esloveno, el cual es miembro del grupo de idiomas eslavos del sur. El húngaro y el italiano disfrutan de estatus de lengua oficial en las regiones étnicamente mezcladas a lo largo de las fronteras italiana y húngara.

## Religión

Según el Censo del 2002, la religión de la población eslovena se clasifica como : Católica: 57.8%, ateísmo 10.1%, Musulmanes 2.4%, cristianismo ortodoxo 2.3%, protestantismo 0.9%, con un total de 26.5% restante sin religión conocida. Según una encuesta realizada el 2019, la población se identificó como católica: 72.1%, Ninguna 18%, Ortodoxos 3.7%, Protestantes 0.9% Otros cristianos 1% Musulmanes 3%, otras religiones 3% y no declarado 2%.

## Estadísticas vitales

| | Average population | Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | Total fertility rate | Female fertile population (15–49 years) |
| - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 1950 | 1,466,881 | 35,156 | 17,335 | 17,821 | 24.0 | 11.8 | 12.1 | 3.01 | 408,581 |
| 1951 | 1,480,245 | 34,020 | 18,497 | 15,523 | 23.0 | 12.5 | 10.5 | 2.90 | 404,031 |
| 1952 | 1,493,550 | 33,444 | 15,617 | 17,827 | 22.4 | 10.5 | 11.9 | 2.86 | 399,484 |
| 1953 | 1,508,428 | 33,754 | 14,948 | 18,806 | 22.4 | 9.9 | 12.5 | 2.86 | 394,935 |
| 1954 | 1,521,485 | 31,828 | 14,897 | 16,931 | 20.9 | 9.8 | 11.1 | 2.64 | 399,380 |
| 1955 | 1,533,998 | 32,096 | 15,109 | 16,987 | 20.9 | 9.8 | 11.1 | 2.61 | 403,825 |
| 1956 | 1,545,591 | 31,466 | 16,351 | 15,115 | 20.4 | 10.6 | 9.8 | 2.52 | 408,271 |
| 1957 | 1,556,521 | 30,086 | 14,545 | 15,541 | 19.3 | 9.3 | 10.0 | 2.41 | 405,284 |
| 1958 | 1,566,979 | 28,283 | 14,082 | 14,201 | 18.0 | 9.0 | 9.1 | 2.22 | 409,354 |
| 1959 | 1,576,204 | 28,432 | 15,357 | 13,075 | 18.0 | 9.7 | 8.3 | 2.23 | 409,202 |
| 1960 | 1,580,145 | 27,825 | 15,145 | 12,680 | 17.6 | 9.6 | 8.0 | 2.20 | 405,210 |
| 1961 | 1,595,450 | 28,955 | 14,013 | 14,942 | 18.1 | 8.8 | 9.4 | 2.33 | 401,219 |
| 1962 | 1,604,980 | 29,035 | 15,866 | 13,169 | 18.1 | 9.9 | 8.2 | 2.28 | 410,687 |
| 1963 | 1,614,414 | 29,174 | 15,102 | 14,072 | 18.1 | 9.4 | 8.7 | 2.27 | 410,442 |
| 1964 | 1,630,553 | 29,184 | 16,729 | 12,455 | 17.9 | 10.3 | 7.6 | 2.30 | 404,812 |
| 1965 | 1,650,413 | 30,587 | 15,987 | 14,600 | 18.5 | 9.7 | 8.8 | 2.43 | 413,598 |
| 1966 | 1,669,606 | 30,941 | 15,248 | 15,693 | 18.5 | 9.1 | 9.4 | 2.47 | 421,820 |
| 1967 | 1,690,939 | 29,824 | 16,353 | 13,471 | 17.6 | 9.7 | 8.0 | 2.37 | 431,579 |
| 1968 | 1,703,708 | 28,580 | 17,446 | 11,134 | 16.8 | 10.2 | 6.5 | 2.25 | 444,518 |
| 1969 | 1,714,022 | 27,883 | 18,564 | 9,319 | 16.3 | 10.8 | 5.4 | 2.18 | 447,334 |
| 1970 | 1,726,513 | 27,432 | 17,354 | 10,078 | 15.9 | 10.1 | 5.8 | 2.11 | 448,739 |
| 1971 | 1,738,101 | 28,278 | 17,425 | 10,853 | 16.3 | 10.0 | 6.2 | 2.17 | 451,193 |
| 1972 | 1,751,506 | 28,713 | 18,153 | 10,560 | 16.4 | 10.4 | 6.0 | 2.16 | 447,843 |
| 1973 | 1,766,125 | 29,548 | 17,614 | 11,934 | 16.7 | 10.0 | 6.8 | 2.21 | 453,882 |
| 1974 | 1,782,470 | 28,625 | 17,206 | 11,419 | 16.1 | 9.7 | 6.4 | 2.12 | 454,814 |
| 1975 | 1,800,022 | 29,786 | 18,180 | 11,606 | 16.5 | 10.1 | 6.4 | 2.18 | 460,560 |
| 1976 | 1,819,276 | 30,339 | 18,157 | 12,182 | 16.7 | 10.0 | 6.7 | 2.19 | 458,903 |
| 1977 | 1,839,358 | 29,904 | 17,633 | 12,271 | 16.3 | 9.6 | 6.7 | 2.16 | 457,783 |
| 1978 | 1,862,620 | 30,354 | 18,357 | 11,997 | 16.3 | 9.9 | 6.4 | 2.20 | 452,406 |
| 1979 | 1,882,304 | 30,604 | 18,148 | 12,456 | 16.3 | 9.6 | 6.6 | 2.19 | 459,736 |
| 1980 | 1,901,208 | 29,902 | 18,820 | 11,082 | 15.7 | 9.9 | 5.8 | 2.11 | 467,064 |
| 1981 | 1,917,469 | 29,220 | 18,733 | 10,487 | 15.2 | 9.8 | 5.5 | 1.97 | 476,888 |
| 1982 | 1,924,877 | 28,894 | 19,647 | 9,247 | 15.0 | 10.2 | 4.8 | 1.93 | 481,591 |
| 1983 | 1,933,104 | 27,200 | 20,703 | 6,497 | 14.1 | 10.7 | 3.4 | 1.81 | 483,848 |
| 1984 | 1,942,802 | 26,274 | 20,214 | 6,060 | 13.5 | 10.4 | 3.1 | 1.75 | 485,852 |
| 1985 | 1,973,151 | 25,933 | 19,854 | 6,079 | 13.1 | 10.1 | 3.1 | 1.72 | 488,181 |
| 1986 | 1,980,718 | 25,570 | 19,499 | 6,071 | 12.9 | 9.8 | 3.1 | 1.67 | 496,670 |
| 1987 | 1,989,462 | 25,592 | 19,837 | 5,755 | 12.9 | 10.0 | 2.9 | 1.65 | 505,330 |
| 1988 | 1,999,988 | 25,209 | 19,126 | 6,083 | 12.6 | 9.6 | 3.0 | 1.63 | 507,570 |
| 1989 | 1,999,404 | 23,447 | 18,669 | 4,778 | 11.7 | 9.3 | 2.4 | 1.53 | 508,739 |
| 1990 | 1,998,090 | 22,368 | 18,555 | 3,813 | 11.2 | 9.3 | 1.9 | 1.46 | 510,180 |
| 1991 | 2,001,768 | 21,583 | 19,324 | 2,259 | 10.8 | 9.7 | 1.1 | 1.42 | 511,850 |
| 1992 | 1,995,832 | 19,982 | 19,333 | 649 | 10.0 | 9.7 | 0.3 | 1.33 | 512,188 |
| 1993 | 1,990,623 | 19,793 | 20,012 | -219 | 9.9 | 10.1 | -0.1 | 1.33 | 511,701 |
| 1994 | 1,988,850 | 19,463 | 19,359 | 104 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 0.1 | 1.32 | 512,918 |
| 1995 | 1,987,505 | 18,980 | 18,968 | 12 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 0.0 | 1.29 | 515,495 |
| 1996 | 1,991,169 | 18,788 | 18,620 | 168 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 0.1 | 1.28 | 516,639 |
| 1997 | 1,986,848 | 18,165 | 18,928 | -763 | 9.1 | 9.5 | -0.4 | 1.25 | 516,407 |
| 1998 | 1,982,603 | 17,856 | 19,039 | -1,183 | 9.0 | 9.6 | -0.6 | 1.23 | 516,296 |
| 1999 | 1,985,557 | 17,533 | 18,885 | -1,352 | 8.8 | 9.5 | -0.7 | 1.21 | 516,261 |
| 2000 | 1,990,272 | 18,180 | 18,588 | -408 | 9.1 | 9.3 | -0.2 | 1.26 | 515,258 |
| 2001 | 1,992,035 | 17,477 | 18,508 | -1,031 | 8.8 | 9.3 | -0.5 | 1.21 | 512,358 |
| 2002 | 1,995,718 | 17,501 | 18,701 | -1,200 | 8.8 | 9.4 | -0.6 | 1.21 | 510,692 |
| 2003 | 1,996,773 | 17,321 | 19,451 | -2,130 | 8.7 | 9.7 | -1.1 | 1.21 | 507,713 |
| 2004 | 1,997,004 | 17,961 | 18,523 | -562 | 9.0 | 9.3 | -0.3 | 1.25 | 504,530 |
| 2005 | 2,001,114 | 18,157 | 18,825 | -668 | 9.1 | 9.4 | -0.3 | 1.26 | 500,449 |
| 2006 | 2,008,516 | 18,932 | 18,180 | 752 | 9.4 | 9.1 | 0.4 | 1.32 | 496,853 |
| 2007 | 2,019,406 | 19,823 | 18,584 | 1,239 | 9.8 | 9.2 | 0.6 | 1.39 | 491,536 |
| 2008 | 2,022,629 | 21,817 | 18,308 | 3,509 | 10.8 | 9.1 | 1.7 | 1.54 | 486,506 |
| 2009 | 2,042,335 | 21,856 | 18,750 | 3,106 | 10.7 | 9.2 | 1.5 | 1.54 | 483,680 |
| 2010 | 2,049,261 | 22,343 | 18,609 | 3,734 | 10.9 | 9.1 | 1.8 | 1.58 | 479,815 |
| 2011 | 2,052,496 | 21,947 | 18,699 | 3,248 | 10.7 | 9.1 | 1.6 | 1.57 | 474,646 |
| 2012 | 2,056,262 | 21,938 | 19,257 | 2,681 | 10.7 | 9.4 | 1.3 | 1.59 | 469,442 |
| 2013 | 2,059,114 | 21,111 | 19,334 | 1,777 | 10.3 | 9.4 | 0.9 | 1.55 | 463,138 |
| 2014 | 2,061,623 | 21,165 | 18,886 | 2,279 | 10.3 | 9.2 | 1.1 | 1.58 | 456,811 |
| 2015 | 2,063,077 | 20,641 | 19,834 | 807 | 10.0 | 9.6 | 0.4 | 1.58 | 450,224 |
| 2016 | 2,064,241 | 20,345 | 19,689 | 656 | 9.9 | 9.5 | 0.3 | 1.59 | 443,390 |
| 2017 | 2,066,161 | 20,241 | 20,509 | -268 | 9.8 | 9.9 | -0.1 | 1.62 | 436,478 |
| 2018 | 2,070,050 | 19,585 | 20,485 | -900 | 9.5 | 9.9 | -0.4 | 1.61 | 430,225 |
| 2019 | 2,089,310 | 19,328 | 20,588 | -1,260 | 9.3 | 9.9 | -0.6 | 1.61 | 428,255 |
| 2020p | 2,100,126 | 18,363 | 23,891 | -5,528 | 8.7 | 11.4 | -2.6 | | 426,155 |
| | Average population | Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | Total fertility rate | Female fertile population (15–49 years) |
| Total 1950-2019 | | 1,763,557 | 1,263,851 | 499,706 | 950.8 | 681.4 | 269.4 | | |
| Average 1950-2019 | 1,854,869 | 25,194 | 18,055 | 7,139 | 13.6 | 9.7 | 3.8 | 1.86 | 462,330 |

### Current vital statistics

| Period | Live births | Deaths | Natural increase |
| - | - | - | - |
| January - April 2020 | 5,805 | 7,461 | -1,656 |
| January - April 2021 | 5,788 | 8,176 | -2,388 |
| Difference | -17 (-0.29%) | +715 (+9.58%) | -732 |

### Expectativas de Vida

| Period | Life expectancy in Years |
| - | - |
| 1950–1955 | 65.60 |
| 1955–1960 | 67.88 |
| 1960–1965 | 69.15 |
| 1965–1970 | 69.17 |
| 1970–1975 | 69.81 |
| 1975–1980 | 70.97 |
| 1980–1985 | 71.21 |
| 1985–1990 | 72.69 |
| 1990–1995 | 73.74 |
| 1995–2000 | 75.26 |
| 2000–2005 | 76.66 |
| 2005–2010 | 78.55 |
| 2010–2015 | 80.31 |

## Inmigración

La inmigración es de origen principalmente balcánico, siendo los bosnios el principal grupo actual.

Principales grupos de origen extranjero :

| Rank | Nationality | Population (2020) |
| - | - | - |
| 1 | Bosnia y Herzegovina | 73,179 |
| 2 | Kosovo | 19,577 |
| 3 | Serbia | 16,243 |
| 4 | Macedonia del norte | 13,324 |
| 5 | Croacia | 10,111 |
| 6 | Bulgaria | 3,597 |
| 7 | Rusia | 3,261 |
| 8 | Italia | 2,509 |
| 9 | Ucrania | 2,284 |
| 10 | China | 1,322 |
| 11 | Alemania | 923 |
| 12 | Montenegro | 861 |
| 13 | Hungría | 688 |
| 14 | Reino Unido | 546 |
| 15 | Eslovaquia | 469 |
| 16 | Estados Unidos | 454 |
| 17 | Austria | 442 |
| 18 | Rumania | 441 |
| 19 | Tailandia | 311 |
| 20 | Francia | 302 |

## Ciudades

Las mayores ciudades de Eslovenia, en función de su número de habitantes son:

| Nombre | Región | Habitantes (a 1 de enero de 2013) |
| - | - | - |
| 1. Liubliana | Eslovenia Central | 274.826 |
| 2. Máribor | Drava | 94.809 |
| 3. Celje | Savinia | 50.039 |
| 4. Kranj | Alta Carniola | 37.129 |
| 5. Velenje | Savinia | 25.456 |
| 6. Koper/Capodistria | Litoral-Karst | 24.996 |
| 7. Novo Mesto | Eslovenia Sudoriental | 23.341 |
| 8. Ptuj | Drava | 18.164 |
| 9. Trbovlje | Zasavie | 14.977 |
| 10. Kamnik | Eslovenia Central | 13.608 |
