[Mann:] Welcome back. This is what's happening in the world right now. The Greek parliament is working late into the night, debating a package of tough new austerity measures in Athens. A vote is expected sometime soon. Sunday is the deadline for Greece to strike a deal for a third a bailout from its European credits and the austerity package is very similar to the one rejected by Greek voters just last weekend. Pope Francis is in Paraguay this hour. He touched down just moments ago on the las leg of his Latin American tour. He's been visiting a notoriously dangerous Bolivian prison earlier in the day, but now you're looking at live pictures as he's welcomed in Asuncion. The Pope, who is Argentinian born, is the South American is in the South American continent, rather, to emphasize the plight of the poor. The Director of the Office of Personnel Management in the U.S., Katherine Archuleta, has resigned a day after she announced that a computer data breach of government computers was vastly larger than originally feared. Hacksters had breached a sensitive personnel data base and stolen the person data of 22 million U.S. government employees. South Carolina has removed the controversial Confederate flag from its capitol grounds. It follows opposition that swelled after last month's message of nine black massacre, rather, of nine black church goers in Charleston, South Carolina. Meanwhile the FBI has determined that Dylann Roof, the man accused of shooting those nine people studying the Bible in the church, should not have been able to legally buy the gun used in the killing. Let's cross live to Columbia, South Carolina. CNN's Nick Valencia joins us now. Nick, it's hard to explain to people at any distance from the U.S. South, but there's so much passion and so much politics wrapped up in that flag. What was it like to be there today to see it come down?
[Nick Valencia, Cnn Correspondent:] You could certainly feel the gravity of the situation, Jonathan. It is a monumental moment, not just for the citizens of South Carolina, but for the history of the United States. I was speaking to one man, a 47-year-old black man, who says that he's had to live through this controversy every day of his life and there's no way to put that into words. All of this accelerated by what happened in Charleston just a few weeks ago, nine innocent church-going members during their Wednesday night Bible studied being massacred by a 21-year-old gunman. That accelerated the conversation about bring the Confederate flag down. It's a flag that has flown on the state grounds since 1961 and just 15 years ago was moved from the top of the capitol to the Confederacy Soldier Monument just being me. Just hours ago, just after 10:00 am Eastern is when that flag came down, being permanently removed. It will now be housed in a Confederate Relic and Military Museum a few blocks away from here. I spoke to the director about what happens next for that flag, and he tells me that they have until January 1st under the joint senate resolution to decide exactly how they're going to exhibit it. And it's an important thing for that museum because they are accredited, so it matters how they display it. It, it's no nothing to underscore the, the emotion surrounding this. So many people here in the South still believe that that flag should fly. They believe that it stands for Southern heritage. I was speaking to one Confederate flag supporter who said that it stands for his ancestors and how they fought against an army that invaded from the North. Still others and I believe the general consensus here, Jonathan, is that this flag is a painful part of South Carolina's history and one that they want to forget about. Jonathan.
[Mann:] Nick Valencia, live in Columbia. Thanks very much.
[Hala Gorani, Cnn International Correspondent:] Europe is hoping for the best but planning for the worst.
[Unidentified Male:] The Commission is prepared for everything. We have a Grexit scenario prepared in detail.
[Gorani:] Economist Roger Bootle won the Wolfson Prize in 2012 for his practical guide for leaving the Euro, modeling it around a potential Grexit.
[Roger Bootle, Author "the Trouble With Europe":] The first thing is that Greece needs to make a declaration that what used to be Euros in banks in Greece and other amounts are now some new currency. Let's call them drachmas.
[Gorani:] For this to work the government also needs to close the banks and have them place capital controls, which is already happening in Greece.
[Bootle:] The purpose of that is to stabilize the financial system, to Bootle the money up within the domestic economy.
[Gorani:] Then Greece needs to allow its currency to devalue, starting from a 1:1 ratio with the Euro.
[Bootle:] The whole point of this is actually to get the exchange rate to get the new currency to fall. That's where salvation, solution for the Greek economy will come from.
[Gorani:] Devaluation would actually make Greece more attractive to the outside world.
[Bootle:] For foreigners, the rest of us and the rest of the world, we'll be encourage to buy Greek goods and services, including tourism.
[Gorani:] However, that devaluation will have negative consequences inside Greece, at least in the short ter.
[Bootle:] At first ordinary Greeks will be worse off, they'll feel worse, and they very well may be demonstrating in the streets and creating a real problem. The difficulty for the authorities is to hold their nerve.
[Gorani:] Greece won't be able to instantly print drachmas. So in the meantime, Euros will still need to be accepted and other forms of payment will evolve.
[Bootle:] And they'll invent all sorts of other ways, people do, when there's a shortage of currency. In some countries people have used cigarettes as a form of currency. They run a form of credit. It's quite possible the government will issue IOUs, and those IOUs will circulate. It's possible even that banks will sort of evolve their own currency.
[Gorani:] Desperate and unprecedented moves that could, if Greece fails to get a deal, be implemented any day now. Hala Gorani, CNN, London.
[Mann:] Writer James Angelos believes the Greeks brought some of the crisis on themselves. His new book is "The Full Catastrophe: Travels Among the New Greek Ruins." And he joins us now live from New York. Thanks so much for being with us. Let me ask you first of all about the news of the day. There seems to be a proposal from the Greek government that's very similar to what its creditors are offering. Is this nightmare over for the EU? Is the possibility of a Grexit now in the past?
[James Angelos, Author, "the Full Caatastrophe: Travels Among The New Greek Ruins":] No, there's still a lot that remains to be seen. It will very likely the proposal will very likely pass to the Greek parliament this evening, tonight. Largely with support because the support of the opposition parties in Greece is assured. The parties, the more centrist parties that want that have been arguing for a deal with Europe for a long time. So it will pass through Greece, but it still remains to be seen whether the German electorate will sign off on it, and also it has to also pass through the German parliament. And it also remains to be seen whether Greece will receive substantial debt forgiveness, which is one of their demands.
[Mann:] We just spoke a short time ago with the Finance Minister of Lithuania, who was saying a key issue is trust, whether other countries will trust the Greeks. And that's why I'm so grateful that you're will us because your book is all about that in a sense. And in one episode that really stands out is your visit to the island of the blind. Tell us about it and what kind of lessons it offers.
[Angelos:] Well, that was that was a trip that I took at the end of 2011 to Zakinthos, an Ionian island where allegedly there was a scandal going on involving a local politician and a local doctor. The politician was handing over fraudulent benefits to for blindness for people who could see, allegedly in return for votes. And what this showed was this sort of transactional nature of Greek politics, how the political patronage system worked on the smallest level. So that, you know, I visited an old woman in her kitchen on Zakinthos, and she explained the system to me like this. She said, if you have a godfather, you get baptized. And if you don't have a godfather, you don't get baptized. And in her language what that meant was you need, you need - in order to get a favor you need somebody in a position of power to give it to you, and that was a politician. So it was easier to countenance, it was easier the way this sort of political patronage system vested people at the bottom end of the scale sort of also allowed people at the top end, like the Defense Minister of the country, to engage in far more damaging practices.
[Mann:] Has that culture of corruption changed?
[Angelos:] There have been strides. A lot has changed in Greece, and a lot of the money that allowed it to happen also has sort of dried up. So there, there has been progress. What remains what needs to happen is that tax evasion needs to be cracked down on, and particularly tax evasion among the wealthy. One reason Syriza was elected in Greece was 'cause there was a perception in Greece, and I think an accurate one, that the previous government was going after small-time tax evaders before it was cracking down the the, the more, the, the larger fish, as they say in Greece. So people with offshore accounts in Switzerland, the so-called Legarde list of people with off with accounts in Switzerland, powerful people, politically connected people, wealthy people. And it took a very long time for the government to do anything about that. And still so there was a perception in Greece you know, why come after us before you go after yourselves really, your own, your own political peers.
[Mann:] So what is that.? What lesson does that offer for the governments of Europe who are trying to figure out whether it they can trust the Greek government today?
[Angelos:] I think well the Greek government that it's hard. You'd be hard pressed today to find Greeks who believe that the system, the previous political system, doesn't wasn't rotten. People unanimously agree Greece needs change. And, you know, one reason this government also was elected was because they promised to change, especially to go after the sort of the powerful and the well-connected in the country. Now I think that needs to take place is the, the I mean the creditors have used their leverage over Greece to try and influence, to try and push through a lot of necessary changes. But at the same time, what has also happened is that they depth of the austerity has, has contributed to the economic contraction in Greece to the extent at which, you know, people have perceived themselves to be under what a lot of Greeks often call economic occupation. And, and so they've sort of started to focus on over pushing back against what they perceive as this foreign control over the country. So it's a very complex situation for the average Greek.
[Mann:] And not over. James Angelos. The book is "The Full Catastrophe." Thanks so much for talking with us.
[Angelos:] Thanks for having me.
[Mann:] As negotiators from Iran try to finalize an international agreement over that country's nuclear program, hardline protestors back home are filling the streets for Al-Qud's Day. Frederik Pleitgen has more.
[Frederik Pleitgen, Cnn International Senior Correspondent:] Death to Israel. Thousands of hardline protestors chant at this massive demonstration in Tehran. Al-Qud's Day is supposed to show Iran's support for the Palestinians, but it mostly turns into a general bashing of Israel and the U.S. This year, however, with the nuclear talks in the decisive phase, some protestors offers more constructive opinions.
[Male Protestor:] We welcome international relations, this man says, but they have to be fair and balanced, like a good business partnership. We might want to normalize ties with the U.S., but we're not desperate.
[Pleitgen:] And he adds "We want relations with the U.S., but they must be genuine. Experience tells us America never sticks to its end of the bargain. We're prepared to die for our principles." The Al-Qud's Day demonstration is dominated by Iran's conservatives, from generals of the Elite Revolutionary Guard to former hard line president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, enthusiastically cheered on by the crowds. The protestors portray the nations negotiating with Iran, known as the P5+1 group, as Israel's lackeys, even as the majority of Iranians want a nuclear agreement with the West. Iran's Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Khomeini, says he's skeptical of the nuclear talks, but has ordered all Iranians to support the country's team in Vienna.
[Unidentified Female:] Our negotiators should go for a deal that respects our leaders redlines, this woman says. It is our hope that this deal would be in the best interests of our people and the Muslim world.
[Pleitgen:] And she says talks should go on for as long as necessary. "We won't be held in contempt. Sanctions could go on forever. We won't accept a deal that is forced." Iran's hardliners are walking a fine line these days, maintaining their public condemnation of Israel and America, just as their government attempts to strike a deal that could fundamentally alter Iran's relations with the West. Fred Pleitgen, CNN, Berlin.
[Mann:] This is The World Right Now. It is a nightmare scenario for most parents. A teenager alone and vulnerable on the streets of Rome. We'll tell you why it's reality for thousands of children. Stay with us.