When a new species is discovered, the process for determining which domain it falls into involves identifying its characteristics and comparing them to those of known species. Here are some key points:

- Species Definition: Species are separated from one another by prezygotic and postzygotic barriers, which prevent mating or the production of viable, fertile offspring. Speciation is the process by which new species form. It occurs when groups in a species become reproductively isolated and diverge.
- Genetic Differences: New species arise through a process called speciation, in which an ancestral species splits into two or more descendant species that are genetically different from one another and can no longer interbreed.
- Characteristics: The primary procedures required to identify new species of Bacteria and Archaea are DNA–DNA hybridization and phenotypic characterization. For plants and animals, a flexible modeling procedure called DOMAIN is used to map potential distributions based on climatic values.

Overall, determining which domain a new species falls into involves analyzing its genetic material and physical characteristics to compare them with those of known species.
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