Dutch is a West Germanic language, and it is closely related to other West Germanic languages. Some of the languages that are most closely related to Dutch include:

1. Afrikaans: Afrikaans is a daughter language of Dutch and is spoken primarily in South Africa and Namibia. It developed from the Dutch spoken by settlers in the Cape Colony in the 17th century.

2. German: German is another West Germanic language that shares similarities with Dutch, especially in terms of vocabulary and grammar. However, there are also significant differences between the two languages.

3. English: English is also a West Germanic language and shares some linguistic similarities with Dutch. While English has been heavily influenced by other languages (such as French and Latin), there are still many cognates and shared grammatical features between English and Dutch.

4. Frisian: Frisian languages, including West Frisian (spoken in the Netherlands), East Frisian (spoken in Germany), and North Frisian (spoken in Germany), are considered to be the closest linguistic relatives of Dutch.

5. Low German (Low Saxon): Low German is a group of West Germanic dialects spoken in northern Germany and the eastern part of the Netherlands. It shares many similarities with Dutch, especially in terms of phonology and vocabulary.

These languages are all part of the larger Germanic language family, which also includes other languages such as Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, and Icelandic.
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