After retrieving historical texts and articles related to Positivism in the 19th and 20th centuries, it can be said that Positivism refers to a philosophical movement that emerged in the late 19th century and dominated early 20th century historiography.

It emphasized the use of scientific methods to study and understand the social world, rejecting metaphysical and speculative forms of knowledge.

Positivism was prominent in early 20th century and late 19th century historiographies because it provided historians with a means to understand events and ideas through empirical observation and analysis.

It was influenced by the rise of natural science and the belief that the social world could be studied in the same way as the natural world.

Positivism thus became a prominent intellectual movement in the early 20th century, shaping not only historiography but also other fields such as sociology and political science.
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