The defeat of the Inca Empire by the Spanish conquistadors was due to a combination of factors. One of the main reasons was the superior military technology and tactics of the Spanish, who had guns and horses, which the Incas lacked. This gave the Spanish a significant advantage in battles.

Another factor was the internal conflicts and civil wars within the Inca Empire, which weakened their ability to resist the Spanish invasion. At the time of the Spanish arrival, the Inca Empire was ruled by two brothers, Huascar and Atahualpa, who were in the midst of a power struggle for the throne.

Additionally, the Spanish brought with them diseases such as smallpox, which greatly devastated the local population and weakened the Inca army. The Spanish also formed alliances with various indigenous groups who were unhappy with Inca rule, which helped them in their conquest.

Overall, the defeat of the Incas by the Spanish was a result of the combination of these factors, including the Spanish military advantage, internal conflicts within the Inca Empire, and the spread of diseases brought by the Spanish.
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