To reliably determine the orientation of a neodymium magnet, you can use a compass. Place the north end of the compass close enough to the magnet that it is influenced by its magnetic field. This will cause the needle in the compass to rotate and point toward either North or South depending on which pole of your neodymium magnet is closest. The side that’s pointed towards will be considered to be the north pole, while whichever way it points away from will be considered to be south.

In absence of a compass, you can use another magnet or an iron filing. Place the second magnet or iron filings near the neodymium magnet and observe how it behaves. If the second magnet is attracted to one side of the neodymium magnet, then this side is considered to be its north pole; if it is repelled from one side of the neodymium instead, that side will be considered south.
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