Morse code was invented by Alfred Vail and Samuel Morse to encode letters as electrical signals, following Morse's invention of the electric telegraph. Prior to the electric telegraph, long-distance communication was mainly achieved with visual means such as flags, semaphore, and lights. However, these methods had an upper limit for range. Morse code was invented by encoding sequences of letters as a number of electrical impulses, short "dots" and long "dashes," which were transcribed by telegraph operators by the duration of the sounds they created.
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