The Zone System is a technique for controlling exposure and adjusting contrast in photography, particularly in black-and-white photography. It was devised by American photographer Ansel Adams and first published in 1941. The heart of the system is a set of zones that describe how bright or dark some part of an image should be; these can then be translated into specific film exposures. By matching the visual perception of a scene with zones on the final print, the photographer can gain precise control over the look of their finished work. In practice, this means choosing the right camera settings and lighting conditions at capture time, as well as manipulating contrast during printing via dodging, burning, filtration, and paper selection.
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