It depends on what we mean when we use the term "programming".
John William Mauchly developed one of the first higher-level programming language, which was interpreted into machine code on runtime.

Or we could argue that programming simply wouldn't be what it is today without Dennis Ritchie who invented C between 1969 and 1973, a language still relevant and in use today, on top of its direct evolution into C++ and C# as well as its direct and indirect influence on most major programming languages of the 21st century, including Java, Javascript, Python, Perl, PHP and others.
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