Rust was developed primarily as a solution to many of the problems that had become endemic in systems programming by the mid 2000s.  Of these, vunerabilities due to memory handling bugs were particulalrly of major concern, in both frequency of occurance and severity.  Thus, memory safety was an important requirement.

Rust enforces memory safety by not permitting null pointers, dangling pointers, or data races. Data values can be initialized only through a fixed set of forms, all of which require their inputs to be already initialized.  Rust also uses an ownership system, consisting of rules that ensure memory safety, and it does so without using a garbage collector.  This is especially critical, as many other memory safe languages have been prohibitive for systems programming, due to the inefficiencies of garbage collection paradigms. These and other features have made Rust a popular langauge for applications where both memory safety and efficiency are needed.
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