The four layers of law in Aquinas' Natural Law doctrine are Eternal Law, Divine Law, Natural Law, and Human Law. Eternal Law is the ultimate source of all law, and it governs the entire universe. Divine Law is derived from Eternal Law, and it consists of the laws revealed by God in the scriptures. Natural Law is the rational creature's participation in Eternal Law, and it is based on human nature and reason. Human Law is derived from Natural Law and is created by human societies to govern themselves.

The 5 Primary Precepts are the essential principles of Natural Law, and they are self-preservation, continuation of the species, education of offspring, living in society, and worshiping God. These precepts are derived from Natural Law and are essential for the survival and flourishing of human society.

The Virtues are the habits that enable individuals to act in accordance with Natural Law. They include prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance. These virtues are essential for living a moral life and acting in accordance with the principles of Natural Law.

The relationship between the four layers of law and the 5 Primary Precepts is that the 5 Primary Precepts are the foundational principles of Natural Law, which is one of the layers of law. They are derived from the rational nature of humans, which is also part of Natural Law. The Virtues are the habits that enable individuals to act in accordance with Natural Law, which is the layer of law that is based on human nature and reason. Human Law is derived from Natural Law, and it is created by human societies to govern themselves in accordance with the principles of Natural Law. Overall, the four layers of law and the 5 Primary Precepts are interconnected and work together to guide individuals and societies towards a moral and just way of life.
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