I'm sorry, but Rituximab is not typically used to treat leukemia, as it is primarily used to treat non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). However, I can explain how Rituximab works and its mechanism of action in treating NHL.

Rituximab is a type of monoclonal antibody, a laboratory-produced molecule that is designed to recognize and bind to specific molecules on the surface of cancer cells. Specifically, Rituximab targets a protein called CD20, which is found on the surface of B-lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell that can become cancerous in NHL.

When Rituximab binds to CD20 on the surface of B-lymphocytes, it triggers a series of events that ultimately result in the death of the cancerous cell. The exact mechanism by which Rituximab induces cell death is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of direct and indirect effects on the cancer cell, including:

Induction of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC): Rituximab can activate immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages, to attack and kill cancer cells that have been marked with the antibody. This process is known as ADCC.

Complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC): Rituximab can also activate a system of proteins called complement, which work together to create pores in the cancer cell's membrane, causing it to burst and die.

Direct induction of cell death: Rituximab may also directly induce cancer cell death through a process known as apoptosis, in which the cell undergoes programmed self-destruction.

In summary, Rituximab works by binding to CD20 on the surface of B-lymphocytes in NHL, which triggers a cascade of events that result in the death of the cancerous cell. Its mechanism of action involves a combination of immune-mediated effects and direct induction of cell death.
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