The essential hardware components commonly found in smartphones are:

Processor or CPU
RAM
Storage (flash memory)
Display
Battery
Camera
Sensors (accelerometer, gyroscope, proximity sensor, fingerprint scanner)
Connectivity features (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, cellular network, GPS)
Audio components (speaker, microphone, headphone jack)


The essential software components typically included in a smartphone are as follows:

Operating system (e.g. Android, iOS)
User interface (e.g. TouchWiz, HTC Sense)
Default apps (e.g. Phone, Messaging, Camera, Email)
App store (e.g. Google Play, App Store)
Web browser (e.g. Chrome, Safari)
Multimedia playback (e.g. Music player, Video player)
Navigation (e.g. GPS)
Social media (e.g. Facebook, Twitter)
Cloud storage (e.g. Google Drive, iCloud)
Security features (e.g. Password protection, Fingerprint scanner)
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