The process of creating a new synthetic material involves chemically changing the starting substances to create a material with different characteristics. A chemical synthesis usually involves the breaking of existing bonds and the formation of new ones. Synthesis of a complex molecule may involve a considerable number of individual reactions leading in sequence from available starting materials to the desired end product.

For example, synthetic polymers are produced by chemical reactions, termed “polymerizations.” Polymerizations occur in varied forms and consist of the repetitive chemical bonding of individual molecules, or monomers. Assorted combinations of heat, pressure and catalysis alter the chemical bonds that hold monomers together, causing them to bond with one another.

Synthetic materials have various applications in modern technology. Some examples include plastics, medicines, and new fuels. They can also be used as lightweight, durable coatings for car parts or cell phones, or as building materials for bridges or other structures.

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