Here is a child-friendly explanation of qualia:

Qualia refers to our subjective conscious experiences. It's what makes our experiences feel unique and personal. For example, when you see the colour red, everyone sees the same wavelength of light but we all have our own subjective experience of what "red" looks and feels like in our minds. 

Other examples of qualia are:

• The pain from a pinprick. We all know what pain is generally, but we each experience pain in our own individual ways.

• The taste of chocolate. We can describe chocolate as sweet and creamy, but the actual experience of tasting and enjoying chocolate is unique to each person.

• The smell of roses. We can all recognize the smell of roses, but the way that smell makes us feel and the images it brings to mind are different for everyone.

In short, qualia are our first-person, private, inner experiences that make our perception of the world so rich and special. But because qualia are private and internal, we can never truly know what the qualia of others are like.
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