At these extreme conditions, the behavior of matter, energy, and spacetime itself undergoes drastic changes. The physics that governs the universe is quite different from what we experience in our everyday lives. Inflationary cosmology, for example, offers a plausible explanation for the observed properties of the universe that the Big Bang alone could not account for.

During the inflationary period, the universe experienced an exponential expansion, driven by a large amount of energy intrinsic to the fabric of space itself forbes.com. This expansion stretched quantum fluctuations across the universe, which later led to density fluctuations and the large-scale structure we observe today, as well as the temperature fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background.
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