An automobile engine is a complex machine that converts heat from burning gas into the force that turns the road wheels. It consists of two basic parts: the cylinder block, which houses the main moving parts such as the pistons and the crankshaft; and the cylinder head, which contains the valves that control the flow of air and fuel into and out of the cylinders. The engine also has various ancillary equipment such as a fuel pump, an oil filter, a cooling system, and an ignition system.

There are different types of automobile engines, such as in-line engines, V-engines, and horizontally-opposed engines, depending on how the cylinders are arranged. The most common type is the in-line engine, which has four vertical cylinders close together in a row. The number and size of the cylinders determine the displacement and power output of the engine.

The basic principle of how an automobile engine works is that a spark ignites a mixture of petrol vapour and compressed air inside a sealed cylinder, causing it to burn rapidly and expand. This pushes the piston down, which turns the crankshaft. The crankshaft then transfers the rotary motion to the transmission, which drives the wheels. This process is repeated in each cylinder in a timed sequence. The engine cycle is divided into four stages: intake, compression, power, and exhaust.
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