The fundamental theorem of algebra tells us that every non-constant polynomial with complex coefficients has at least one complex root. In simpler terms, this means that any polynomial equation that has complex numbers as coefficients will always have a solution, which is a complex number. The proof of this theorem involves showing that any polynomial that does not have any complex roots can be factored into a product of linear polynomials with real coefficients. This means that every polynomial can be factored into a product of linear polynomials.

The complex conjugate theorem is another important concept in this proof. It tells us that if a polynomial equation with real coefficients has a complex root, then its conjugate (the complex number obtained by changing the sign of the imaginary part) is also a root. By using this theorem, we can factor a polynomial equation with complex roots into a product of linear polynomials with real coefficients. This is important because it allows us to break down a complicated polynomial equation into simpler parts, making it easier to find its solutions.
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