Histones are proteins that play a crucial role in the organization and regulation of genetic material in eukaryotic cells. They serve as spools around which DNA is wrapped to form a compact structure called chromatin, allowing the DNA to fit within the small space of the nucleus. In the context of a nucleosome, histones help to package DNA into a compact and organized form and provide sites for the attachment of other regulatory proteins that control gene expression.

The classes of histones found as a pair in the nucleosome are H2A-H2B and H3-H4. These pairs of histones wrap and compact DNA into a structural unit called a nucleosome, which is the basic building block of chromatin in eukaryotic cells.
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