Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is a generic term used to identify and locate resources on the internet or within a specific system. It encompasses two specific types of identifiers: Uniform Resource Locator (URL) and Uniform Resource Name (URN). Here's a brief explanation of the differences and similarities between these three concepts:

1. Uniform Resource Locator (URL):
    - Purpose: URLs are the most common type of URI, and they are used to specify the location of a resource on the internet. They provide both the resource's location and the means to access it.
    - Structure: A URL consists of multiple parts, including the scheme (e.g., "http" or "ftp"), domain or IP address, port number, path, and query parameters. For example, "https://www.example.com:8080/page?param=value" is a URL.

2. Uniform Resource Name (URN):
    - Purpose: URNs are used to uniquely identify resources by their names in a persistent and location-independent manner. Unlike URLs, URNs are designed to remain stable over time and not rely on specific locations or access methods.
    - Structure: URNs follow a standardized structure, such as "urn:namespace:identifier," where "namespace" is a globally recognized naming authority, and "identifier" is a unique name for the resource. Example: "urn:isbn:0451450523" identifies a specific book.

3. Similarities:
    - Both URLs and URNs are types of URIs, as they are used to identify and locate resources.
    - They can be used to reference various types of resources, including web pages, files, books, and more.
    - URIs, including URLs and URNs, provide a standardized way to reference resources, facilitating resource retrieval and identification.

URLs specify the location and means to access a resource on the internet, while URNs provide a persistent and location-independent name for a resource. Both URLs and URNs fall under the broader category of URIs, which are used to identify and locate resources on the web and beyond.
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