In general, a songbird-friendly habitat can be created by providing water, food, and shelter. Here are some recommendations on each aspect:

###### Water

- A birdbath or pond is recommended. Prune nearby plants low and avoid dense cover to stop predators from ambushing the birds. Also, change the water to keep it clean. A heater might be required to avoid freezing in winter.

- If possible, use a dripping fountain as a trickling water source to attract more birds.

###### Food

- The best option is insects. To attract more insects into the habitat, you can leave some leaf litter, plant nectar-producing plants, and avoid using too much pesticide.

- Bird feeders are easier to set up, and enable you to observe birds up close. To avoid diseases from contaminated or rotten seeds, use tube feeders or leave only a day's worth of seed on platform feeders. Also, clean the feeder at least once a month and spilled food on the ground at least once a week.

###### Shelter

- If possible, plant shrubs and trees in different sizes and heights to attract diverse bird species, and leave snags in your backyard for cavity-nesting birds. Bird houses can also provide a substitute home.

- Leave some nestling materials such as straw, pieces of string, twigs, and cotton by filling a net bag and hanging it from a tree. 

- Leave some dead branches as perches for birds to survey their surroundings.
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