Physically based rendering (PBR) is a method used in computer graphics to create realistic and lifelike images of 3D objects. PBR is based on the physical properties of light and materials, and it aims to simulate how light interacts with surfaces in the real world.

In traditional rendering methods, surfaces are often treated as being completely diffuse, meaning that light is scattered evenly in all directions. PBR, on the other hand, takes into account the reflective and refractive properties of materials, as well as the direction and intensity of light sources, to produce more accurate and realistic results.

In PBR, materials are defined by their physical properties, such as their roughness, metallicity, and specular reflectance. Light sources are also defined by their physical properties, such as their color, intensity, and directionality. By using these physical properties as inputs, PBR can calculate how light should interact with each surface in a scene, taking into account factors such as reflection, refraction, and shadowing.

The result is that PBR can create images that look more like photographs of real objects, with accurate reflections, shadows, and surface details. PBR is used in a wide range of applications, including video games, films, and architectural visualizations, where realism and accuracy are important for creating immersive and convincing environments.
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