Consequentialism is an ethical theory that judges whether or not something is right by what its consequences are. In the trolley problem scenario, a consequentialist would pull the lever as that results in a better consequence i.e. killing one person but saving five. 

However, actions that lead to better consequences are not necessarily more morally correct. Often there are some moral rules that must never be broken even if that means a suboptimal consequence. This view of moral ethics is called deontology. As an example, a surgeon must not kill a healthy patient for his organs even if that means saving the lives of five patients. Deontology means sticking to your moral rules no matter what happens as a result. For Batman, it means to never kill the Joker even if that means continuous chaos and madness in Gotham city.
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