Graph theory is a branch of maths that studies graphs, that are mathematical structures used to model relationships between objects. In computer science, graph theory is applied in several areas such as algorithms, data structures, and databases. Graphs are data structures which consist of a node (data item which can contain information) and edges (the connections between nodes which can be directed and have values).

Graph theory algorithms are used in computer science for various purposes, such as: path finding, analysing the flow of resources or information in a network, analysing relationships between objects in a dataset.

In programming, graph theory algorithms can be implemented in several ways, including adjacency matrices, adjacency lists, and edge lists. Graphs can be stored and manipulated using data structures such as arrays, linked lists, and trees. Many programming languages have libraries and packages that provide efficient implementations of graph algorithms, making it easy for developers to use graph theory in their applications.
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