Yes, there is a formula to describe the Quantum Fourier Transform. For a high school student, it might seem a bit complex, but I'll try to explain it in a simple way. The QFT is defined as follows:

QFT(|x⟩) = (1/sqrt(N)) * Σ (from y=0 to N-1) [e^(2πixy/N) * |y⟩]

Here:

1. |x⟩ and |y⟩ are quantum states, represented as vectors.
2. N is the total number of quantum states (usually 2^n, where n is the number of qubits).
3. sqrt(N) is the square root of N, which is used to normalize the output.
4. Σ (from y=0 to N-1) means summing up the terms for all y values from 0 to N-1.
5. e^(2πixy/N) is the phase factor, which is a complex exponential term that captures the phase and amplitude relationships between |x⟩ and |y⟩.

In simple terms, the formula calculates the new quantum states by taking a combination of the original states and applying a phase factor based on their indices (x and y). This process helps reveal important information about the quantum states and is used in various quantum algorithms.
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