That's a great question. Scientists have been able to alter DNA since the 1970s, but in recent years, they have developed faster, cheaper, and more precise methods to add, remove, or change genes in living organisms. Some of the most exciting and cutting-edge advancements in the field of gene editing are:

- **CRISPR/Cas systems**: These are RNA-guided tools that can target and modify any DNA sequence in a simple and versatile way. They have revolutionized the field of genetics and functional genomics by enabling molecular genetic studies in organisms in which gene manipulation and transgenesis has traditionally been difficult. CRISPR/Cas systems can also be engineered to perform various functions, such as epigenome editing, base editing, and prime editing.
- **Somatic gene therapies**: These involve modifying a patient’s DNA to treat or cure a disease. They have been successfully used to address HIV, sickle-cell disease, transthyretin amyloidosis, and some forms of cancer and blindness. Somatic gene therapies can also improve treatment for a variety of cancers by enhancing the immune system's ability to recognize and destroy tumor cells.
- **Germline and heritable human genome editing**: These involve altering the genome of human embryos, eggs, or sperm, which could be passed on to descendants. This is a controversial use of gene editing because it could have unpredictable and irreversible effects on future generations. However, some researchers argue that it could also offer potential benefits for preventing genetic disorders and enhancing human traits.

These developments have changed the way scientists approach genetic disorders, disease prevention, and the future of medicine by providing new possibilities for understanding, diagnosing, and treating various conditions. However, they also pose significant ethical, social, and regulatory challenges that require careful consideration and oversight.
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