Sure, I'll break down the major types of free and open-source licenses for you. These licenses allow software to be freely used, modified, and shared. 

Here is a list of the most common types of licenses:

1. **GNU General Public License (GPL)**

    - **Version 2 (GPLv2)**: One of the earliest versions of the license, GPLv2 is still widely used. It guarantees end users (individuals, organizations, companies) the freedom to run, study, share (copy), and modify the software. Any modifications or additional software integrated with GPLv2 software must also be released under the GPLv2.
    - **Version 3 (GPLv3)**: An updated version of GPLv2 that addresses some new issues like patent rights and "tivoization," where hardware prevents modified software from running.

2. **GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL)**

    - This license is mainly used for software libraries. It's less restrictive than the GPL, allowing the licensed software to be included in non-free programs. Like the GPL, it comes in versions 2.1 and 3.

3. **MIT License**

    - This is a permissive free software license originating at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It places minimal restrictions on the reuse of the licensed software, allowing it to be used in proprietary software. 

4. **Apache License 2.0**

    - This is another permissive free software license written by the Apache Software Foundation (ASF). It allows users to use the software for any purpose, to distribute it, to modify it, and to distribute modified versions of the software under the terms of the license.

5. **BSD Licenses**

    - **2-Clause BSD License (FreeBSD)**: This is a permissive license with minimal requirements about how the software can be redistributed.
    - **3-Clause BSD License (New BSD, Revised BSD, or Modified BSD)**: This is very similar to the 2-Clause BSD license, but with a non-endorsement clause added.
    - **4-Clause BSD License (Original BSD)**: This is the original BSD license, but it has a clause that is broadly interpreted as problematic.

6. **Mozilla Public License 2.0 (MPL-2.0)**

    - This is a weak copyleft license that allows for linking to the licensed code from code under other licenses. It also grants patent rights.

Here's a quick comparison table to help you understand the key differences:

| License | Copyleft | Allows for Use in Proprietary Software | Patent Rights |
|---------|----------|---------------------------------------|---------------|
| **GPLv2** | Yes | No | No |
| **GPLv3** | Yes | No | Yes |
| **LGPL** | Weak | Yes | Yes (v3) |
| **MIT** | No | Yes | No |
| **Apache 2.0** | No | Yes | Yes |
| **BSD Licenses** | No | Yes | No |
| **MPL-2.0** | Weak | Yes | Yes |
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