Our understanding of physics changes at extremely high energies and temperatures, such as those present during the first few moments of the universe, because at these energies and temperatures the behavior of matter and energy becomes dominated by the principles of quantum mechanics and relativity, rather than classical mechanics.

At such high energies, particles can be created and destroyed spontaneously, and the behavior of particles becomes governed by the principles of quantum field theory, rather than classical mechanics. This means that particles can exist in multiple states at the same time, and can be entangled with one another, leading to phenomena like quantum tunneling and quantum teleportation.

Additionally, at these high energies and temperatures, the fundamental forces of nature can become unified, leading to a single force that governs the behavior of all particles. This theory, known as grand unification theory, has yet to be fully developed and tested, but is a promising avenue for exploring the behavior of matter and energy at high energies.

Finally, at extremely high temperatures, matter can become so hot and dense that it exists in a state known as a quark-gluon plasma, where individual particles lose their identity and become part of a soup of particles that behave collectively. This state of matter has been studied in laboratory experiments, and can give us insights into the behavior of matter in the early universe.
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