There are several popular guitar tunings that guitarists use to achieve different sounds and facilitate various playing styles. Some of the most common ones include:

1. Standard tuning: E-A-D-G-B-E - This is the most widely used tuning for the guitar, and it's the tuning most beginners learn first.
2. Drop D tuning: D-A-D-G-B-E - This tuning involves lowering the pitch of the low E string down a whole step to D. It's popular in various genres, such as rock, metal, and folk, as it allows for easy power chords and richer bass sounds.
3. Open tunings: These tunings create a specific chord when all the strings are played open (i.e., without fretting any notes). Some common open tunings are:

 - Open G: D-G-D-G-B-D
 - Open D: D-A-D-F♯-A-D
 - Open E: E-B-E-G♯-B-E
 - Open C: C-G-C-G-C-E

Open tunings are often used in slide guitar playing and fingerstyle techniques, as they allow for easier chord shapes and harmonic possibilities.

4. DADGAD tuning: D-A-D-G-A-D - This is an alternative tuning that has become popular in Celtic and fingerstyle guitar playing. It allows for various chord voicings and droning string sounds.
5. Half step down tuning: E♭-A♭-D♭-G♭-B♭-E♭ - This tuning involves lowering the pitch of each string by a half step. It is often used in rock and blues music to achieve a slightly darker or warmer sound, and it can also help singers who find standard tuning too high for their vocal range.

These are just a few examples of the many guitar tunings available. Some guitarists even create their own custom tunings to achieve specific sounds or facilitate their preferred playing style.
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