It is not possible to measure the one-way speed of light without assuming that light travels at a constant speed in any direction. All experiments measure the “there and back again” speed of light. The “one-way” speed of light, from a source to a detector, cannot be measured independently of a convention as to how to synchronize the clocks at the source and the detector. Experiments that attempt to directly probe the one-way speed of light independent of synchronization have been proposed, but none have succeeded in doing so.
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