The distance you can see over the horizon thanks to the curvature of space time by earth is calculated using the formula: d = sqrt { (R_ {text {E}}+h)^2 - R_ {text {E}}^2} where d is the calculated distance of the horizon; R_ {text {E}} is the Earth’s radius (6,371,000 text {m}); and h is the observer’s height. The distance calculated is a straight line from your eyes to the horizon. The actual distance you’ll travel to get to the horizon will be longer because of surface curvature and (on land) irregularities.

The formula for calculating the distance from an observer O at an elevation h to the visible horizon follows the equation (adopting a spherical Earth): d = R × arctan (2 × R × h R) where d and h are in meters and R = 6370 ∗ 10 3 m is the radius of the Earth.
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