Problem: Process:  - Sunlight passes through the glass into the greenhouse - The plants and floor absorb the the sunlight - The absorbed sunlight is converted to heat - The heat cannot escape the glass - The heat is trapped in the greenhouse - The hot air rises - The colder air at the top is pushed to the bottom - The colder air is then warmed by the floor and the plants.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose the greenhouse remains hotter happens, how will it affect the greenhouse being HOTTER.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?

A: yes


Problem: Process:  - The kidneys receive blood through the renal artery - The blood is passed through the nephrons in the kidneys - The kidneys filter the waste from the blood - The clean blood is circulated out of the kidneys - Excess water and waste is expelled from the kidneys in the form of urine.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose the body is has healthy kidneys happens, how will it affect the renal arteries are clogged.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?

A: yes


Problem: Process:  - Oxygen enters the body through the mouth or nose - The oxygen travels into the lungs - The oxygen binds to hemoglobin proteins within erythrocytes (red blood cells) - The erythrocytes are pumped through the body by the heart - All cells receive the oxygen.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose if we live in a city that has a high altitude happens, how will it affect less oxygen will be available.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?

A: yes


Problem: Process:  - Dead organic material accumulates on the bottom of oceans, riverbeds or swamps, mixing with mud and sand - Over time, more sediment piles on top - The resulting heat and pressure transforms the organic layer into a dark and waxy substance known as kerogen - Left alone, the kerogen molecules eventually crack - The molecules break up into shorter and lighter molecules composed almost solely of carbon and hydrogen atoms - It will turn into either petroleum or natural gas -   Perturbation hypothesis: suppose the coffee machine is broken happens, how will it affect more carbon and and hydrogen is created.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?

A: