Process:  - Water from the surface seeps below the soil - The water comes into contact with the rock below - The rock over the years carves through the rock - The space in the rock becomes larger and forms into a cave - As more rather rushes through the cave becomes a cavern.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose less rock rushes through the cave happens, how will it affect the space in the rock gets smaller.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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Answer: yes


Process:  - Light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll in a plant - The light energy is used to convert carbon dioxide - The plant uses nutrients in the soil - The plant uses carbon dioxide in the air to produce glucose - The plant uses the glucose to give itself energy - Oxygen is released as a by product.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose less pollution in the air happens, how will it affect LESS sugar and oxygen being produced.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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Answer: yes


Process:  - The nuclei of some atoms have too few or too many neutrons - The atoms become unstable - The atoms split - In alpha decay, two protons and two neutrons are released from the atom - In beta decay, a neutron changes into a proton and an electron - The proton joins the nucleus of the atom - The electron is released -   Perturbation hypothesis: suppose There is only nice weather happens, how will it affect MORE radioactive decay occurring.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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Answer: