Process:  - Humans are born as babies - Babies become infants - Infants become children - Children learn skills - Children become teenagers - Teenagers undergo puberty - Teenagers become adults - Adults have children - Adults become elderly - Elderly humans die.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose less adults have children happens, how will it affect MORE babies.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
Ans: yes

Process:  - A dam is built in an area prone to flooding - A large amount of rain occurs - The water builds up behind the dam - The dam opens its floodgates when it starts to get full - The water flows into a river below the dam - The dam closes its gates - The dam will occasionally open its gates again to gradually release more water - Eventually all of the floodwater will be slowly released into the river without causing any flood damage.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose a dam is in an area with no rain happens, how will it affect the rain at a dam decreases.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
Ans: yes

Process:  - You take a tray - Add water into the tray - You insert the tray into a freezer - The water molecules begin to slow down - The water becomes ice - The ice cubes are ready.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose less water is added to the tray happens, how will it affect MORE ice cubes being made.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
Ans: yes

Process:  - Wind or water breaks small pieces off of a rock - The wind or water deposits tiny rocks - The rocks become known as sediment - The layers of sediment are pressed together by other layers of sediment on top - Minerals from the rocks in the sediment dissolve - Minerals glue the sediment together into a single rock.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose less water freezes happens, how will it affect LESS sedimentary rock forming.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
