While football fans feel strongly angry and shocked about mistakes made by referees   because they cannot see clearly what has happened, a small German company is quietly pleased. For Carlos Technologies, mistakes made by referees are the kind of advertising that money cannot buy. The company has developed a tiny chip  that fits inside a football and determines whether the ball has crossed the goal line, by being able to discover its exact location on the field. The world football organization, FIFA, has shown interest in the technology. It is very possible that the new technology will be used in the 2018 World Cup in Russia. "We've been testing the technology at the main soccer stadium in Nuremberg for some time and more recently in an under-17 FIFA Cup in Peru," said Gunter Rohmer, a director of the company. "The technology has performed well, and we're pretty optimistic that it will be used at the games in Russia." The chip only weighs 12 grams, and is placed in the center of the football. It sends 2,000 signals a second to a receiver network of 12 antennas ,placed around the field. The receivers then send information about the ball's location to a central computer, and because it works in real time, it can immediately tell the referee whether a goal has been scored. The chip even can tell when the ball crosses the line in mid-air. Oliver Braun, one of the inventors of the chip, says that feedback from German referees was generally positive. Germany sports-wear giant Adidas is also optimistic about using this kind of chip in other ball sports. FIFA aims to test the technology later this year at another game in Japan before deciding whether or not to introduce it in all 12 stadiums in Russia for next World Cup. Carlos Technologies is pleased because   _  . A) football fans are angry with referees B) their new product can satisfy football fans C) their new product will have a good market D) they can sell a lot of football in the future
C

The rapid growth of cities worldwide over the next two decades will cause significant risks to people and the global environment, according to analysis. Researches from Yale and Stanford predict that by 2030 urban areas will expand by 590,000 square miles--nearly the size of Mongolia--to meet the needs of 1.47 billion more people living in urban areas. "It is likely that these cities are going to be developed in places that are the most biologically diverse," said Karen Seto, a famous scientist at Yale University. "They are going to be growing and expanding into forests, biological hotspots, savannas , coastlines--sensitive and _ places." Urban areas, they found, have been expanding more rapidly along coasts. "Of all the places for cities to grow, coasts are the most sensitive. People and buildings along the coast are at risk of flooding and other environmental disasters," said Seto. The study provides the first estimate of how fast urban areas globally are growing and how fast they may grow in the future. "We know a lot about global patterns of urban population growth, but we know significantly less about how urban areas are changing," she said. "Changes in land cover associated with urbanization lead to many environmental changes, from habitats loss and agricultural land conversion  to changes in local and regional climate." The researchers examined studies that used satellite data to map urban growth and found that from 1970 to 2000 the world's urban footprint had grown by at least 22,400 square miles--half the size of Ohio. "This number is numerous, but, in actuality, urban land expansion has been far greater than what our analysis shows because we only looked at the published studies that used satellite data," said Seto. "We found that 48 of the most populated urban areas have been studied using satellite data, with findings in journals. This means that we're not tracking the physical expansion of more than half of the world's largest cities." Half of urban land expansion in China is driven by a rising... From Para. 5, we can infer that   _  . A) urbanization is a good way to improve people's standards of living B) cities develop very fast and more and more people come to live in cities C) more and more agricultural farmlands are used to make room for local animals D) in the past, researchers focused their attention on the expanding urban areas
B

Everyone would like to be a millionaire, a person with a lot of money, but can you imagine having over $30 million and only being 20 years old? Britney Spears from Kentwood, a small town in Louisiana, is only 20 years old. She is a world famous film star with not only $30 million but also a $2 million house in LA. At her young age, she can look after her family financially   all her life. This year is a big year for Britney. She is now on a 31-day tour of the US and every concert is a sell-out. That means she plays in front of a crowd of around 18,000 people every time. It's a tiring schedule but brings her a lot. When touring, she goes to bed around 1 a.m. and then has a lie-in until 1 p.m. the next day. Her philosophy   is to take care of the body and relax but always make sure you work hard and have fun.     Spears is not pleased with only touring and selling nearly 40 million records so she decided to step into the movie business and try a bit of acting. She made an appearance in "Austin Power 3" this year and she is filming a teenage light play that will come out in March 2003. In this movie, she has a starring role.     For Britney, acting is another way to express herself and she is enthusiastic   about it all. If her movies are successful, her money in the bank is sure to grow by another few million dollars but she does it for the love, not the money, as she herself tells the reporters. We can infer   from the text that most millionaires are   _  . A) older than 20 B) around 20 C) in their 30s D) in their 40s
A

In a generous display of maturity and sympathy, one Jewish boy made his first deed as a man in his faith a great act of charity. Joshua Neidorf, a 13-year-old boy from Los Angeles, donated most of his birthday money to Operation Mend, a program that reconstructs the faces of severely burned U. S. veterans . The young man decided to donate his money after getting to know Army Sgt. Louis Dahlman, who was undergoing a series of reconstruction surgeries at UCLA (University of California at Los Angeles) thanks to Operation Mend. The Neidorfs had signed up to be Dahlman's "buddy family", spending time with him whenever he visited Los Angeles for a surgery. "I just love knowing that it's going somewhere...to help the people who save our lives and keep us safe every day," said Neidorf. His mother added, "It makes me feel like our world is going in a good direction with this next generation." In all, Neidorf gave $13,000 to Operation Mend. He also encouraged his friends to donate to the cause. He is the organization's youngest donor so far. Operation Mend is a privately funded program that works in partnership with the UCLA Medical Center. Ron Katz, a board member at the hospital, started the program in 2006 after seeing a TV programme about Aaron Mankin, a veteran who had gone through dozens of surgeries after a fight in Iraq which completely burned off his face. Mankin ended up being Operation Mend's first patient, starting the first of 20 reconstructive facial surgeries at UCLA in Sept. 2007. In a 2011 interview, Katz shared how his experience of helping Mankin made him realize the need to establish a more permanent program. "My wife and I soon realized that there were dozens of Aarons out there," Katz said. "They deserve the best that we offer them." Operation Mend was founded after   _  . A) Neidorf donated part of his birthday money B) the Neidorfs signed up to be Dahlman's "buddy family" C) Ron Katz saw a TV programme about a veteran D) Mankin was successfully operated on at UCLA
