Read the following article and select the best answer. Article: A person who is deaf when he is born is usually dumb   as well. There may be nothing wrong with his mouth and tongue, but he cannot speak. This is because he cannot hear people, so he has nothing to imitate  . He may try to make sounds himself, but cannot hear his own voice. However, even though he finds it difficult to speak and cannot hear, he can learn to read. Nowadays such persons can also be taught to speak because we have modern methods and equipment, but we did not have these when Helen Keller was born.      Even with modern methods and equipment, however, it is not easy for deaf children to learn to speak, though most of them succeed. When a child is deaf and blind as well, it becomes much more difficult, though it is possible. Helen Keller was born in 1880. She became very ill at the age of nineteen months. Medical knowledge was not as great then as it is now. She did not die but lost her sight and hearing. As a result, she became dumb as well. Her parents did their best to teach her, but she couldn't speak by the age of six.      Then, in 1887, a teacher, Miss Sullivan, came to live with her. Miss Sullivan herself had been blind. She had been partly cured. Though she could not see very well, she was not blind. Helen was a difficult pupil at first, but in a month Helen had learned how to understand signs and how to make them herself. At last in spite of her great difficulties, Helen learned to read, write and speak, even though she was deaf and blind. She even went to college and had full education. She wrote many books, and though other people have written books about her, her own books are the ones that best explain how it feels to be deaf, dumb and blind. Her best book is The Story of My Life. Perhaps you have read it. Though it was written in 1902, it is still a very interesting book. Even if you have not read it, you may have heard of Helen Keller. Question: Deaf and dumb children can be taught to speak nowadays because   _  . - we have modern methods and equipment - these children are eager to learn to speak - they can hear something - they have grown up
we have modern methods and equipment

Read the following article and select the best answer. Article: Much of the value mothers and fathers bring to their children is due to the fact that mothers and fathers are different.And by cooperating together and complementing each other in their differences,they provide these good things that samesex caregivers cannot provide. Mothers and Fathers Play Differently Fathers tend to play with,and mothers tend to care for,children.While both mothers and fathers are physical,fathers are physical in different ways. Fathers are rough while mothers are gentle.Fathers encourage competition;mothers encourage equity.One style encourages independence while the other encourages security. Both provide security and confidence in their own ways by communicating love and physical intimacy. Fathers Push Limits;Mothers Encourage Security Go to any playground and listen to the parents.Who is encouraging their kids to swing or climb just a little higher,ride just a little faster,throw just a little harder?Who is yelling,"Slow down,not so high,not so hard"?Of course,fathers encourage children to take chances and push limits and mothers protect children and are more cautious. Joined together,they keep each other in balance and help children remain safe while expanding their experiences and confidence. Mothers and Fathers Communicate Differently A major study found that when speaking to children,mothers and fathers are different.Mothers will simplify their words and speak on the child's level.Men are not as inclined to modify  their language for the child simply. Children who do not have the chance to meet both will not learn how to understand and use both styles of conversation as they grow. These boys and girls will be at a disadvantage because they will experience these different ways of communicating in relationship with teachers,bosses and others. Mothers and Fathers Discipline Differently Educational psychologist Carol Gilligan tells us that fathers stress justice,fairness and duty,while mothers stress sympathy,care and help.Again,either of these parenting styles by themselves is not... Question: The main purpose of writing the passage is     . - to introduce a famous educational psychologist to readers - to report the different roles mothers and fathers play in childdevelopment - to explain the natural state of mothers and fathers - to show children's agreement on parents' differences
to report the different roles mothers and fathers play in childdevelopment

Read the following article and select the best answer. Article: Findings from a new study were presented at a recent meeting of the American Psychosomatic   Society. Researchers in the United States studied 100,000 women during an eight-year period, beginning in 1994. All of the women were fifty or older. The study was part of the Women's Health Initiative organized by the National Institutes of Health. The women were asked questions measuring their beliefs or ideas about the future. The researchers attempted to identify each woman's personality eight years after gathering the information. The study found that hopeful individuals were 14% less likely than other woman to have died from any cause. The hopeful women were also 30 less likely to have died from heart disease after the eight years, Hilary Tinkle from the University of Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania was the lead author of the report. She said the study confirmed earlier research that linked optimistic feelings to longer life. The researchers also gathered information about people's education, financial earnings, physical activity and use of alcohol or cigarettes. Independent of those things, the findings still showed that optimists had less of a chance of dying during the eight-year period. Some women who answered the questions were found to be hostile  , or highly untrusting of others. These women were 16% more likely to die than the others. They also were 23% more likely to die of cancer. The study also found women who were not optimistic were more likely to smoke and have high blood pressure or diabetes. They were also more likely mot to exercise. Tindle says the study did not confirm whether optimism leads to healthier choices, or if it actually affects a person's physical health. She also says the study does not prove that negative emotions or distrust lead to bad health effects and shorter life. Yet there does appear to be a link that calls for more research. Question: What's Hilary Tindle's opinion of the study? - Necessary. - Useless. - Unfair. - meaningless.
