[Q]: Process:  - Put water in an ice cube tray - Put the ice cube tray in the freezer - Wait 5 to 6 hours - Take the ice cube tray out of the freezer - Bend the tray slightly to get the ice cubes out and into a drink.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose mix will ignite happens, how will it affect MORE ice cubes being made.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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[A]: no


[Q]: Process:  - A bird lays an egg - The egg hatches into a baby bird - Baby bird eats - Grows into an adult bird - The bird finds a mate - The pair build a nest - The birds lay eggs.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose "You dont leave your nest more often" happens, how will it affect your nest will be more empty.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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[A]: yes


[Q]: Process:  - The human body takes a breath inward - Air is transported to the lungs - Air reaches the alveoli, the smallest air sacs in the lungs - In the alveoli, air passes into the blood within small capillaries - The gaseous oxygen in the air dissolves into the capillary blood - The dissolved oxygen is picked-up by red blood cells - The red blood cells bind the oxygen via a protein called heme - Red blood cells circulate throughout the body and reach the various tissues - Within small capillaries, the heme release the oxygen - The oxygen can then reach the cells within the tissue -   Perturbation hypothesis: suppose being suffocated through force happens, how will it affect more dissolved oxygen is picked up by the cells.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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[A]: yes


[Q]: Process:  - Food leaves the esophagus and enters the stomach - The stomach churns the food - With the aid of stomach acids - The food becomes a thick liquid - Is then passed to the small intestine.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose the thermostat is set higher happens, how will it affect MORE digestion occuring.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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[A]: