[Q]: Process:  - A star burns in space - Eventually it burns all its hydrogen - Becomes a red giant - Once the red giant burns itself out - The core of the star collapses - The gasses will start to disperse - Only the core is left - A white dwarf has been formed.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose more seeds land and survive on the rocks in the cracks happens, how will it affect there will be more gasses to disperse.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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[A]: no


[Q]: Process:  - The air is cold - Water is in the air - The water forms tiny ice crystals - The ice crystals collide with each other - The ice crystals stick to each other - The ice crystals get bigger as more of them stick together - The ice crystals get too heavy to be in the air - The ice crystals become snowflakes - The snow flakes fall to the ground as snow.  Perturbation hypothesis: suppose isotope does not turn to a different element happens, how will it affect LESS snow.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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[A]: no


[Q]: Process:  - The nuclei of some atoms have too few or too many neutrons - The atoms become unstable - The atoms split - In alpha decay, two protons and two neutrons are released from the atom - In beta decay, a neutron changes into a proton and an electron - The proton joins the nucleus of the atom - The electron is released -   Perturbation hypothesis: suppose There is a substance that can alter the nucleus happens, how will it affect radioactive activity increases.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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[A]: yes


[Q]: Process:  - Prophase, the chromosomes become visible - Centrioles separate to move to opposite poles - Metaphase, the chromosomes line up in the center - Anaphase, the chromatids separate - Are pulled apart - Telophase, the chromosomes gather at opposite poles - Two new nuclear membranes form - The cell membranes pinch - Divide into two individual cells -   Perturbation hypothesis: suppose More prophase occurs happens, how will it affect HURTING mitosis to proceed normally.  Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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[A]: