from typing import Type, Any, Callable, Union, List, Optional

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from torch import Tensor


def conv3x3(in_planes: int, out_planes: int, stride: int = 1, groups: int = 1, dilation: int = 1) -> nn.Conv2d:
    """3x3 convolution with padding"""
    return nn.Conv2d(
        in_planes,
        out_planes,
        kernel_size=3,
        stride=stride,
        padding=dilation,
        groups=groups,
        bias=False,
        dilation=dilation,
    )


def conv1x1(in_planes: int, out_planes: int, stride: int = 1) -> nn.Conv2d:
    """1x1 convolution"""
    return nn.Conv2d(in_planes, out_planes, kernel_size=1, stride=stride, bias=False)


class BasicBlock(nn.Module):
    expansion: int = 1

    def __init__(
        self,
        inplanes: int,
        planes: int,
        stride: int = 1,
        downsample: Optional[nn.Module] = None,
        groups: int = 1,
        base_width: int = 64,
        dilation: int = 1,
        norm_layer: Optional[Callable[..., nn.Module]] = None,
        dropout: Optional[float] = None,
    ) -> None:
        super().__init__()
        if norm_layer is None:
            norm_layer = nn.BatchNorm2d
        if groups != 1 or base_width != 64:
            raise ValueError("BasicBlock only supports groups=1 and base_width=64")
        if dilation > 1:
            raise NotImplementedError("Dilation > 1 not supported in BasicBlock")
        # Both self.conv1 and self.downsample layers downsample the input when stride != 1
        self.conv1 = conv3x3(inplanes, planes, stride)
        self.bn1 = norm_layer(planes)
        self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
        self.conv2 = conv3x3(planes, planes)
        self.bn2 = norm_layer(planes)
        self.downsample = downsample
        self.stride = stride
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(dropout) if dropout is not None else nn.Identity()

    def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        identity = x

        out = self.conv1(x)
        out = self.bn1(out)
        out = self.dropout(out)
        out = self.relu(out)

        out = self.conv2(out)
        out = self.bn2(out)
        out = self.dropout(out)

        if self.downsample is not None:
            identity = self.downsample(x)

        out += identity
        out = self.relu(out)

        return out


class Bottleneck(nn.Module):
    # Bottleneck in torchvision places the stride for downsampling at 3x3 convolution(self.conv2)
    # while original implementation places the stride at the first 1x1 convolution(self.conv1)
    # according to "Deep residual learning for image recognition"https://arxiv.org/abs/1512.03385.
    # This variant is also known as ResNet V1.5 and improves accuracy according to
    # https://ngc.nvidia.com/catalog/model-scripts/nvidia:resnet_50_v1_5_for_pytorch.

    expansion: int = 4

    def __init__(
        self,
        inplanes: int,
        planes: int,
        stride: int = 1,
        downsample: Optional[nn.Module] = None,
        groups: int = 1,
        base_width: int = 64,
        dilation: int = 1,
        norm_layer: Optional[Callable[..., nn.Module]] = None,
        dropout: Optional[float] = None,
    ) -> None:
        super().__init__()
        if norm_layer is None:
            norm_layer = nn.BatchNorm2d
        width = int(planes * (base_width / 64.0)) * groups
        # Both self.conv2 and self.downsample layers downsample the input when stride != 1
        self.conv1 = conv1x1(inplanes, width)
        self.bn1 = norm_layer(width)
        self.conv2 = conv3x3(width, width, stride, groups, dilation)
        self.bn2 = norm_layer(width)
        self.conv3 = conv1x1(width, planes * self.expansion)
        self.bn3 = norm_layer(planes * self.expansion)
        self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
        self.downsample = downsample
        self.stride = stride
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(dropout) if dropout is not None else nn.Identity()

    def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        identity = x

        out = self.conv1(x)
        out = self.bn1(out)
        out = self.dropout(out)
        out = self.relu(out)

        out = self.conv2(out)
        out = self.bn2(out)
        out = self.dropout(out)
        out = self.relu(out)

        out = self.conv3(out)
        out = self.bn3(out)
        out = self.dropout(out)

        if self.downsample is not None:
            identity = self.downsample(x)

        out += identity
        out = self.relu(out)

        return out


class MCDOResNet(nn.Module):
    def __init__(
        self,
        block: Type[Union[BasicBlock, Bottleneck]],
        layers: List[int],
        num_classes: int = 1000,
        dropout: float = 0.4,
        location: str = "after",
        zero_init_residual: bool = False,
        groups: int = 1,
        width_per_group: int = 64,
        replace_stride_with_dilation: Optional[List[bool]] = None,
        norm_layer: Optional[Callable[..., nn.Module]] = None,
    ) -> None:
        super().__init__()

        if norm_layer is None:
            norm_layer = nn.BatchNorm2d
        self._norm_layer = norm_layer

        self.inplanes = 64
        self.dilation = 1
        if replace_stride_with_dilation is None:
            # each element in the tuple indicates if we should replace
            # the 2x2 stride with a dilated convolution instead
            replace_stride_with_dilation = [False, False, False]
        if len(replace_stride_with_dilation) != 3:
            raise ValueError(
                "replace_stride_with_dilation should be None "
                f"or a 3-element tuple, got {replace_stride_with_dilation}"
            )
        self.groups = groups
        self.base_width = width_per_group
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, self.inplanes, kernel_size=7, stride=2, padding=3, bias=False)
        self.bn1 = norm_layer(self.inplanes)
        self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
        self.maxpool = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1)

        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(dropout)
        assert location in ["before", "after", "last"]
        self.location = location

        self.layer1 = self._make_layer(block, 64, layers[0], dropout=dropout if location == "before" else None)
        self.layer2 = self._make_layer(
            block,
            128,
            layers[1],
            stride=2,
            dilate=replace_stride_with_dilation[0],
            dropout=dropout if location == "before" else None,
        )
        self.layer3 = self._make_layer(
            block,
            256,
            layers[2],
            stride=2,
            dilate=replace_stride_with_dilation[1],
            dropout=dropout if location == "before" else None,
        )
        self.layer4 = self._make_layer(
            block,
            512,
            layers[3],
            stride=2,
            dilate=replace_stride_with_dilation[2],
            dropout=dropout if location == "before" else None,
        )
        self.avgpool = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d((1, 1))
        self.fc = nn.Linear(512 * block.expansion, num_classes)

        for m in self.modules():
            if isinstance(m, nn.Conv2d):
                nn.init.kaiming_normal_(m.weight, mode="fan_out", nonlinearity="relu")
            elif isinstance(m, (nn.BatchNorm2d, nn.GroupNorm)):
                nn.init.constant_(m.weight, 1)
                nn.init.constant_(m.bias, 0)

        # Zero-initialize the last BN in each residual branch,
        # so that the residual branch starts with zeros, and each residual block behaves like an identity.
        # This improves the model by 0.2~0.3% according to https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.02677
        if zero_init_residual:
            for m in self.modules():
                if isinstance(m, Bottleneck):
                    nn.init.constant_(m.bn3.weight, 0)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
                elif isinstance(m, BasicBlock):
                    nn.init.constant_(m.bn2.weight, 0)  # type: ignore[arg-type]

    def _make_layer(
        self,
        block: Type[Union[BasicBlock, Bottleneck]],
        planes: int,
        blocks: int,
        stride: int = 1,
        dilate: bool = False,
        dropout: Optional[float] = None,
    ) -> nn.Sequential:
        norm_layer = self._norm_layer
        downsample = None
        previous_dilation = self.dilation
        if dilate:
            self.dilation *= stride
            stride = 1
        if stride != 1 or self.inplanes != planes * block.expansion:
            downsample = nn.Sequential(
                conv1x1(self.inplanes, planes * block.expansion, stride),
                norm_layer(planes * block.expansion),
            )

        layers = []
        layers.append(
            block(
                self.inplanes,
                planes,
                stride,
                downsample,
                self.groups,
                self.base_width,
                previous_dilation,
                norm_layer,
                dropout,
            )
        )
        self.inplanes = planes * block.expansion
        for _ in range(1, blocks):
            layers.append(
                block(
                    self.inplanes,
                    planes,
                    groups=self.groups,
                    base_width=self.base_width,
                    dilation=self.dilation,
                    norm_layer=norm_layer,
                    dropout=dropout,
                )
            )

        return nn.Sequential(*layers)

    def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        x = self.conv1(x)
        x = self.bn1(x)
        x = self.relu(x)
        x = self.maxpool(x)

        x = self.layer1(x)
        if self.location == "after":
            x = self.dropout(x)
        x = self.layer2(x)
        if self.location == "after":
            x = self.dropout(x)
        x = self.layer3(x)
        if self.location == "after":
            x = self.dropout(x)
        x = self.layer4(x)
        if self.location == "after":
            x = self.dropout(x)

        x = self.avgpool(x)
        x = torch.flatten(x, 1)
        if self.location == "last":
            x = self.dropout(x)
        x = self.fc(x)

        return x


def mcdo_resnet18(num_classes: int, dropout: float, location: str = "after") -> MCDOResNet:
    return MCDOResNet(BasicBlock, [2, 2, 2, 2], num_classes, dropout=dropout, location=location)


def mcdo_resnet34(num_classes: int, dropout: float, location: str = "after") -> MCDOResNet:
    return MCDOResNet(BasicBlock, [3, 4, 6, 3], num_classes, dropout=dropout, location=location)


def mcdo_resnet50(num_classes: int, dropout: float, location: str = "after") -> MCDOResNet:
    return MCDOResNet(Bottleneck, [3, 4, 6, 3], num_classes, dropout=dropout, location=location)


def mcdo_resnet101(num_classes: int, dropout: float, location: str = "after") -> MCDOResNet:
    return MCDOResNet(Bottleneck, [3, 4, 23, 3], num_classes, dropout=dropout, location=location)


def mcdo_resnet152(num_classes: int, dropout: float, location: str = "after") -> MCDOResNet:
    return MCDOResNet(Bottleneck, [3, 8, 36, 3], num_classes, dropout=dropout, location=location)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    net = mcdo_resnet50(2)

    a = torch.zeros([3, 3, 224, 224])

    out = net(a)
    print(out)
