# -*- test-case-name: twisted.runner.test.test_procmon -*-
# Copyright (c) Twisted Matrix Laboratories.
# See LICENSE for details.

"""
Support for starting, monitoring, and restarting child process.
"""
from twisted.python import log
from twisted.internet import error, protocol, reactor as _reactor
from twisted.application import service
from twisted.protocols import basic

class DummyTransport:

    disconnecting = 0

transport = DummyTransport()

class LineLogger(basic.LineReceiver):

    tag = None
    delimiter = '\n'

    def lineReceived(self, line):
        log.msg('[%s] %s' % (self.tag, line))


class LoggingProtocol(protocol.ProcessProtocol):

    service = None
    name = None
    empty = 1

    def connectionMade(self):
        self.output = LineLogger()
        self.output.tag = self.name
        self.output.makeConnection(transport)


    def outReceived(self, data):
        self.output.dataReceived(data)
        self.empty = data[-1] == '\n'

    errReceived = outReceived


    def processEnded(self, reason):
        if not self.empty:
            self.output.dataReceived('\n')
        self.service.connectionLost(self.name)


class ProcessMonitor(service.Service):
    """
    ProcessMonitor runs processes, monitors their progress, and restarts
    them when they die.

    The ProcessMonitor will not attempt to restart a process that appears to
    die instantly -- with each "instant" death (less than 1 second, by
    default), it will delay approximately twice as long before restarting
    it.  A successful run will reset the counter.

    The primary interface is L{addProcess} and L{removeProcess}. When the
    service is running (that is, when the application it is attached to is
    running), adding a process automatically starts it.

    Each process has a name. This name string must uniquely identify the
    process.  In particular, attempting to add two processes with the same
    name will result in a C{KeyError}.

    @type threshold: C{float}
    @ivar threshold: How long a process has to live before the death is
        considered instant, in seconds.  The default value is 1 second.

    @type killTime: C{float}
    @ivar killTime: How long a process being killed has to get its affairs
        in order before it gets killed with an unmaskable signal.  The
        default value is 5 seconds.

    @type minRestartDelay: C{float}
    @ivar minRestartDelay: The minimum time (in seconds) to wait before
        attempting to restart a process.  Default 1s.

    @type maxRestartDelay: C{float}
    @ivar maxRestartDelay: The maximum time (in seconds) to wait before
        attempting to restart a process.  Default 3600s (1h).

    @type _reactor: L{IReactorProcess} provider
    @ivar _reactor: A provider of L{IReactorProcess} and L{IReactorTime}
        which will be used to spawn processes and register delayed calls.

    """
    threshold = 1
    killTime = 5
    minRestartDelay = 1
    maxRestartDelay = 3600


    def __init__(self, reactor=_reactor):
        self._reactor = reactor

        self.processes = {}
        self.protocols = {}
        self.delay = {}
        self.timeStarted = {}
        self.murder = {}
        self.restart = {}


    def __getstate__(self):
        dct = service.Service.__getstate__(self)
        del dct['_reactor']
        dct['protocols'] = {}
        dct['delay'] = {}
        dct['timeStarted'] = {}
        dct['murder'] = {}
        dct['restart'] = {}
        return dct


    def addProcess(self, name, args, uid=None, gid=None, env={}):
        """
        Add a new monitored process and start it immediately if the
        L{ProcessMonitor} service is running.

        Note that args are passed to the system call, not to the shell. If
        running the shell is desired, the common idiom is to use
        C{ProcessMonitor.addProcess("name", ['/bin/sh', '-c', shell_script])}

        @param name: A name for this process.  This value must be
            unique across all processes added to this monitor.
        @type name: C{str}
        @param args: The argv sequence for the process to launch.
        @param uid: The user ID to use to run the process.  If C{None},
            the current UID is used.
        @type uid: C{int}
        @param gid: The group ID to use to run the process.  If C{None},
            the current GID is used.
        @type uid: C{int}
        @param env: The environment to give to the launched process. See
            L{IReactorProcess.spawnProcess}'s C{env} parameter.
        @type env: C{dict}
        @raises: C{KeyError} if a process with the given name already
            exists
        """
        if name in self.processes:
            raise KeyError("remove %s first" % (name,))
        self.processes[name] = args, uid, gid, env
        self.delay[name] = self.minRestartDelay
        if self.running:
            self.startProcess(name)


    def removeProcess(self, name):
        """
        Stop the named process and remove it from the list of monitored
        processes.

        @type name: C{str}
        @param name: A string that uniquely identifies the process.
        """
        self.stopProcess(name)
        del self.processes[name]


    def startService(self):
        """
        Start all monitored processes.
        """
        service.Service.startService(self)
        for name in self.processes:
            self.startProcess(name)


    def stopService(self):
        """
        Stop all monitored processes and cancel all scheduled process restarts.
        """
        service.Service.stopService(self)

        # Cancel any outstanding restarts
        for name, delayedCall in self.restart.items():
            if delayedCall.active():
                delayedCall.cancel()

        for name in self.processes:
            self.stopProcess(name)


    def connectionLost(self, name):
        """
        Called when a monitored processes exits. If
        L{ProcessMonitor.running} is C{True} (ie the service is started), the
        process will be restarted.
        If the process had been running for more than
        L{ProcessMonitor.threshold} seconds it will be restarted immediately.
        If the process had been running for less than
        L{ProcessMonitor.threshold} seconds, the restart will be delayed and
        each time the process dies before the configured threshold, the restart
        delay will be doubled - up to a maximum delay of maxRestartDelay sec.

        @type name: C{str}
        @param name: A string that uniquely identifies the process
            which exited.
        """
        # Cancel the scheduled _forceStopProcess function if the process
        # dies naturally
        if name in self.murder:
            if self.murder[name].active():
                self.murder[name].cancel()
            del self.murder[name]

        del self.protocols[name]

        if self._reactor.seconds() - self.timeStarted[name] < self.threshold:
            # The process died too fast - backoff
            nextDelay = self.delay[name]
            self.delay[name] = min(self.delay[name] * 2, self.maxRestartDelay)

        else:
            # Process had been running for a significant amount of time
            # restart immediately
            nextDelay = 0
            self.delay[name] = self.minRestartDelay

        # Schedule a process restart if the service is running
        if self.running and name in self.processes:
            self.restart[name] = self._reactor.callLater(nextDelay,
                                                         self.startProcess,
                                                         name)


    def startProcess(self, name):
        """
        @param name: The name of the process to be started
        """
        # If a protocol instance already exists, it means the process is
        # already running
        if name in self.protocols:
            return

        args, uid, gid, env = self.processes[name]

        proto = LoggingProtocol()
        proto.service = self
        proto.name = name
        self.protocols[name] = proto
        self.timeStarted[name] = self._reactor.seconds()
        self._reactor.spawnProcess(proto, args[0], args, uid=uid,
                                          gid=gid, env=env)


    def _forceStopProcess(self, proc):
        """
        @param proc: An L{IProcessTransport} provider
        """
        try:
            proc.signalProcess('KILL')
        except error.ProcessExitedAlready:
            pass


    def stopProcess(self, name):
        """
        @param name: The name of the process to be stopped
        """
        if name not in self.processes:
            raise KeyError('Unrecognized process name: %s' % (name,))

        proto = self.protocols.get(name, None)
        if proto is not None:
            proc = proto.transport
            try:
                proc.signalProcess('TERM')
            except error.ProcessExitedAlready:
                pass
            else:
                self.murder[name] = self._reactor.callLater(
                                            self.killTime,
                                            self._forceStopProcess, proc)


    def restartAll(self):
        """
        Restart all processes. This is useful for third party management
        services to allow a user to restart servers because of an outside change
        in circumstances -- for example, a new version of a library is
        installed.
        """
        for name in self.processes:
            self.stopProcess(name)


    def __repr__(self):
        l = []
        for name, proc in self.processes.items():
            uidgid = ''
            if proc[1] is not None:
                uidgid = str(proc[1])
            if proc[2] is not None:
                uidgid += ':'+str(proc[2])

            if uidgid:
                uidgid = '(' + uidgid + ')'
            l.append('%r%s: %r' % (name, uidgid, proc[0]))
        return ('<' + self.__class__.__name__ + ' '
                + ' '.join(l)
                + '>')
