import math

import cv2 as cv
import numpy as np
import torch
import torch.nn.functional as F


# Modified from the original test implementation
# Replace cv.BORDER_REPLICATE with cv.BORDER_CONSTANT
# Add a variable called att_mask for computing attention and positional encoding later


def sample_target(im, target_bb, search_area_factor, output_sz=None, mask=None):
    """
    Extracts a square crop centered at target_bb box, of area search_area_factor^2 times target_bb area.

    Args:
        im: cv image.
        target_bb: Target box [x, y, w, h].
        search_area_factor: Ratio of crop size to target size.
        output_sz (float): Size to which the extracted crop is resized (always square). If None, no resizing is done.

    Returns:
        cv image: Extracted crop.
        float: The factor by which the crop has been resized to make the crop size equal output_size.
    """

    if not isinstance(target_bb, list):
        x, y, w, h = target_bb.tolist()
    else:
        x, y, w, h = target_bb

    # Crop image
    crop_sz = math.ceil(math.sqrt(w * h) * search_area_factor)

    if crop_sz < 1:
        raise Exception('ERROR: too small bounding box')

    x1 = round(x + 0.5 * w - crop_sz * 0.5)
    x2 = x1 + crop_sz

    y1 = round(y + 0.5 * h - crop_sz * 0.5)
    y2 = y1 + crop_sz

    x1_pad = max(0, -x1)
    x2_pad = max(x2 - im.shape[1] + 1, 0)

    y1_pad = max(0, -y1)
    y2_pad = max(y2 - im.shape[0] + 1, 0)

    # Crop target
    im_crop = im[y1 + y1_pad:y2 - y2_pad, x1 + x1_pad:x2 - x2_pad, :]
    if mask is not None:
        mask_crop = mask[y1 + y1_pad:y2 - y2_pad, x1 + x1_pad:x2 - x2_pad]

    # Pad
    im_crop_padded = cv.copyMakeBorder(im_crop, y1_pad, y2_pad, x1_pad, x2_pad, cv.BORDER_CONSTANT)

    # Deal with attention mask
    H, W, _ = im_crop_padded.shape
    att_mask = np.ones((H, W))
    end_x, end_y = -x2_pad, -y2_pad
    if y2_pad == 0:
        end_y = None
    if x2_pad == 0:
        end_x = None
    att_mask[y1_pad:end_y, x1_pad:end_x] = 0
    if mask is not None:
        mask_crop_padded = F.pad(mask_crop, pad=(x1_pad, x2_pad, y1_pad, y2_pad), mode='constant', value=0)

    if output_sz is not None:
        resize_factor = output_sz / crop_sz
        im_crop_padded = cv.resize(im_crop_padded, (output_sz, output_sz))
        att_mask = cv.resize(att_mask, (output_sz, output_sz)).astype(np.bool_)
        if mask is None:
            return im_crop_padded, resize_factor, att_mask
        mask_crop_padded = \
            F.interpolate(mask_crop_padded[None, None], (output_sz, output_sz), mode='bilinear', align_corners=False)[
                0, 0]
        return im_crop_padded, resize_factor, att_mask, mask_crop_padded

    else:
        if mask is None:
            return im_crop_padded, att_mask.astype(np.bool_), 1.0
        return im_crop_padded, 1.0, att_mask.astype(np.bool_), mask_crop_padded


def transform_image_to_crop(box_in: torch.Tensor, box_extract: torch.Tensor, resize_factor: float,
                            crop_sz: torch.Tensor, normalize=False) -> torch.Tensor:
    """
    Transform the box coordinates from the original image coordinates to the coordinates of the cropped image.

    Args:
        box_in: The box for which the coordinates are to be transformed.
        box_extract: The box about which the image crop has been extracted.
        resize_factor: The ratio between the original image scale and the scale of the image crop.
        crop_sz: Size of the cropped image.

    Returns:
        torch.Tensor: Transformed coordinates of box_in.
    """

    box_extract_center = box_extract[0:2] + 0.5 * box_extract[2:4]

    box_in_center = box_in[0:2] + 0.5 * box_in[2:4]

    box_out_center = (crop_sz - 1) / 2 + (box_in_center - box_extract_center) * resize_factor
    box_out_wh = box_in[2:4] * resize_factor

    box_out = torch.cat((box_out_center - 0.5 * box_out_wh, box_out_wh))
    if normalize:
        return box_out / crop_sz[0]
    else:
        return box_out


def jittered_center_crop(frames, box_extract, box_gt, search_area_factor, output_sz, masks=None):
    """
    For each frame in frames, extracts a square crop centered at box_extract, of area search_area_factor^2
    times box_extract area. The extracted crops are then resized to output_sz. Further, the coordinates of
    the box box_gt are transformed to the image crop coordinates.

    Args:
        frames: List of frames.
        box_extract: List of boxes of same length as frames. The crops are extracted using anno_extract.
        box_gt: List of boxes of same length as frames. The coordinates of these boxes are transformed from
                image coordinates to the crop coordinates.
        search_area_factor: The area of the extracted crop is search_area_factor^2 times box_extract area
        output_sz: The size to which the extracted crops are resized.

    Returns:
        list: List of image crops.
        list: box_gt location in the crop coordinates.
    """

    if masks is None:
        crops_resize_factors = [sample_target(f, a, search_area_factor, output_sz)
                                for f, a in zip(frames, box_extract)]
        frames_crop, resize_factors, att_mask = zip(*crops_resize_factors)
        masks_crop = None
    else:
        crops_resize_factors = [sample_target(f, a, search_area_factor, output_sz, m)
                                for f, a, m in zip(frames, box_extract, masks)]
        frames_crop, resize_factors, att_mask, masks_crop = zip(*crops_resize_factors)
    # frames_crop: tuple of ndarray (128,128,3), att_mask: tuple of ndarray (128,128)
    crop_sz = torch.Tensor([output_sz, output_sz])

    # Find the bb location in the crop
    # Note that here we use normalized coord
    box_crop = [transform_image_to_crop(a_gt, a_ex, rf, crop_sz, normalize=True)
                for a_gt, a_ex, rf in zip(box_gt, box_extract, resize_factors)]  # (x1,y1,w,h) list of tensors
    return frames_crop, box_crop, att_mask, masks_crop


def transform_box_to_crop(box: torch.Tensor, crop_box: torch.Tensor, crop_sz: torch.Tensor,
                          normalize=False) -> torch.Tensor:
    """
    Transform the box coordinates from the original image coordinates to the coordinates of the cropped image.

    Args:
        box: The box for which the coordinates are to be transformed.
        crop_box: Bounding box defining the crop in the original image.
        crop_sz: Size of the cropped image.

    Returns:
        torch.Tensor: Transformed coordinates of box_in.
    """

    box_out = box.clone()
    box_out[:2] -= crop_box[:2]

    scale_factor = crop_sz / crop_box[2:]

    box_out[:2] *= scale_factor
    box_out[2:] *= scale_factor
    if normalize:
        return box_out / crop_sz[0]
    else:
        return box_out
