"""Implementations of autoregressive transforms."""

import numpy as np
import torch
from torch.nn import functional as F

import utils
from nde import transforms
from nde.transforms import made as made_module
from nde.transforms import splines

class AutoregressiveTransform(transforms.Transform):
    """Transforms each input variable with an invertible elementwise transformation.

    The parameters of each invertible elementwise transformation can be functions of previous input
    variables, but they must not depend on the current or any following input variables.

    NOTE: Calculating the inverse transform is D times slower than calculating the
    forward transform, where D is the dimensionality of the input to the transform.
    """
    def __init__(self, autoregressive_net):
        super(AutoregressiveTransform, self).__init__()
        self.autoregressive_net = autoregressive_net

    def forward(self, inputs, context=None):
        autoregressive_params = self.autoregressive_net(inputs, context)
        outputs, logabsdet = self._elementwise_forward(inputs, autoregressive_params)
        return outputs, logabsdet

    def inverse(self, inputs, context=None):
        num_inputs = np.prod(inputs.shape[1:])
        outputs = torch.zeros_like(inputs)
        logabsdet = None
        for _ in range(num_inputs):
            autoregressive_params = self.autoregressive_net(outputs, context)
            outputs, logabsdet = self._elementwise_inverse(inputs, autoregressive_params)
        return outputs, logabsdet

    def _output_dim_multiplier(self):
        raise NotImplementedError()

    def _elementwise_forward(self, inputs, autoregressive_params):
        raise NotImplementedError()

    def _elementwise_inverse(self, inputs, autoregressive_params):
        raise NotImplementedError()


class MaskedAffineAutoregressiveTransform(AutoregressiveTransform):
    def __init__(self,
                 features,
                 hidden_features,
                 context_features=None,
                 num_blocks=2,
                 use_residual_blocks=True,
                 random_mask=False,
                 activation=F.relu,
                 dropout_probability=0.,
                 use_batch_norm=False):
        self.features = features
        made = made_module.MADE(
            features=features,
            hidden_features=hidden_features,
            context_features=context_features,
            num_blocks=num_blocks,
            output_multiplier=self._output_dim_multiplier(),
            use_residual_blocks=use_residual_blocks,
            random_mask=random_mask,
            activation=activation,
            dropout_probability=dropout_probability,
            use_batch_norm=use_batch_norm,
        )
        super(MaskedAffineAutoregressiveTransform, self).__init__(made)

    def _output_dim_multiplier(self):
        return 2

    def _elementwise_forward(self, inputs, autoregressive_params):
        unconstrained_scale, shift = self._unconstrained_scale_and_shift(autoregressive_params)
        scale = torch.sigmoid(unconstrained_scale + 2.) + 1e-3
        log_scale = torch.log(scale)
        outputs = scale * inputs + shift
        logabsdet = utils.sum_except_batch(log_scale, num_batch_dims=1)
        return outputs, logabsdet

    def _elementwise_inverse(self, inputs, autoregressive_params):
        unconstrained_scale, shift = self._unconstrained_scale_and_shift(autoregressive_params)
        scale = torch.sigmoid(unconstrained_scale + 2.) + 1e-3
        log_scale = torch.log(scale)
        outputs = (inputs - shift) / scale
        logabsdet = -utils.sum_except_batch(log_scale, num_batch_dims=1)
        return outputs, logabsdet

    def _unconstrained_scale_and_shift(self, autoregressive_params):
        # split_idx = autoregressive_params.size(1) // 2
        # unconstrained_scale = autoregressive_params[..., :split_idx]
        # shift = autoregressive_params[..., split_idx:]
        # return unconstrained_scale, shift
        autoregressive_params = autoregressive_params.view(
            -1, self.features, self._output_dim_multiplier()
        )
        unconstrained_scale = autoregressive_params[..., 0]
        shift = autoregressive_params[..., 1]
        return unconstrained_scale, shift


class MaskedPiecewiseLinearAutoregressiveTransform(AutoregressiveTransform):
    def __init__(self,
                 num_bins,
                 features,
                 hidden_features,
                 context_features=None,
                 num_blocks=2,
                 use_residual_blocks=True,
                 random_mask=False,
                 activation=F.relu,
                 dropout_probability=0.,
                 use_batch_norm=False):
        self.num_bins = num_bins
        self.features = features
        made = made_module.MADE(
            features=features,
            hidden_features=hidden_features,
            context_features=context_features,
            num_blocks=num_blocks,
            output_multiplier=self._output_dim_multiplier(),
            use_residual_blocks=use_residual_blocks,
            random_mask=random_mask,
            activation=activation,
            dropout_probability=dropout_probability,
            use_batch_norm=use_batch_norm,
        )
        super().__init__(made)

    def _output_dim_multiplier(self):
        return self.num_bins

    def _elementwise(self, inputs, autoregressive_params, inverse=False):
        batch_size = inputs.shape[0]

        unnormalized_pdf = autoregressive_params.view(batch_size,
                                                      self.features,
                                                      self._output_dim_multiplier())

        outputs, logabsdet = splines.linear_spline(inputs=inputs,
                                                   unnormalized_pdf=unnormalized_pdf,
                                                   inverse=inverse)

        return outputs, utils.sum_except_batch(logabsdet)

    def _elementwise_forward(self, inputs, autoregressive_params):
        return self._elementwise(inputs, autoregressive_params)

    def _elementwise_inverse(self, inputs, autoregressive_params):
        return self._elementwise(inputs, autoregressive_params, inverse=True)


class MaskedPiecewiseQuadraticAutoregressiveTransform(AutoregressiveTransform):
    def __init__(self,
                 features,
                 hidden_features,
                 context_features=None,
                 num_bins=10,
                 num_blocks=2,
                 tails=None,
                 tail_bound=1.,
                 use_residual_blocks=True,
                 random_mask=False,
                 activation=F.relu,
                 dropout_probability=0.,
                 use_batch_norm=False,
                 min_bin_width=splines.rational_quadratic.DEFAULT_MIN_BIN_WIDTH,
                 min_bin_height=splines.rational_quadratic.DEFAULT_MIN_BIN_HEIGHT,
                 min_derivative=splines.rational_quadratic.DEFAULT_MIN_DERIVATIVE
                 ):
        self.num_bins = num_bins
        self.min_bin_width = min_bin_width
        self.min_bin_height = min_bin_height
        self.min_derivative = min_derivative
        self.tails = tails
        self.tail_bound = tail_bound
        self.features = features
        made = made_module.MADE(
            features=features,
            hidden_features=hidden_features,
            context_features=context_features,
            num_blocks=num_blocks,
            output_multiplier=self._output_dim_multiplier(),
            use_residual_blocks=use_residual_blocks,
            random_mask=random_mask,
            activation=activation,
            dropout_probability=dropout_probability,
            use_batch_norm=use_batch_norm,
        )
        super().__init__(made)

    def _output_dim_multiplier(self):
        if self.tails == 'linear':
            return self.num_bins * 2 - 1
        else:
            return self.num_bins * 2 + 1

    def _elementwise(self, inputs, autoregressive_params, inverse=False):
        batch_size = inputs.shape[0]

        transform_params = autoregressive_params.view(batch_size,
                                                      self.features,
                                                      self._output_dim_multiplier())

        unnormalized_widths = transform_params[..., :self.num_bins]
        unnormalized_heights = transform_params[..., self.num_bins:]

        if hasattr(self.autoregressive_net, 'hidden_features'):
            unnormalized_widths /= np.sqrt(self.autoregressive_net.hidden_features)
            unnormalized_heights /= np.sqrt(self.autoregressive_net.hidden_features)

        if self.tails is None:
            spline_fn = splines.quadratic_spline
            spline_kwargs = {}
        elif self.tails == 'linear':
            spline_fn = splines.unconstrained_quadratic_spline
            spline_kwargs = {
                'tails': self.tails,
                'tail_bound': self.tail_bound
            }
        else:
            raise ValueError

        outputs, logabsdet = spline_fn(
            inputs=inputs,
            unnormalized_heights=unnormalized_heights,
            unnormalized_widths=unnormalized_widths,
            inverse=inverse,
            min_bin_width=self.min_bin_width,
            min_bin_height=self.min_bin_height,
            **spline_kwargs
        )

        return outputs, utils.sum_except_batch(logabsdet)

    def _elementwise_forward(self, inputs, autoregressive_params):
        return self._elementwise(inputs, autoregressive_params)

    def _elementwise_inverse(self, inputs, autoregressive_params):
        return self._elementwise(inputs, autoregressive_params, inverse=True)


class MaskedPiecewiseCubicAutoregressiveTransform(AutoregressiveTransform):
    def __init__(self,
                 num_bins,
                 features,
                 hidden_features,
                 context_features=None,
                 num_blocks=2,
                 use_residual_blocks=True,
                 random_mask=False,
                 activation=F.relu,
                 dropout_probability=0.,
                 use_batch_norm=False):
        self.num_bins = num_bins
        self.features = features
        made = made_module.MADE(
            features=features,
            hidden_features=hidden_features,
            context_features=context_features,
            num_blocks=num_blocks,
            output_multiplier=self._output_dim_multiplier(),
            use_residual_blocks=use_residual_blocks,
            random_mask=random_mask,
            activation=activation,
            dropout_probability=dropout_probability,
            use_batch_norm=use_batch_norm,
        )
        super(MaskedPiecewiseCubicAutoregressiveTransform, self).__init__(made)

    def _output_dim_multiplier(self):
        return self.num_bins * 2 + 2

    def _elementwise(self, inputs, autoregressive_params, inverse=False):
        batch_size = inputs.shape[0]

        transform_params = autoregressive_params.view(batch_size,
                                                 self.features,
                                                 self.num_bins * 2 + 2)

        unnormalized_widths = transform_params[...,:self.num_bins]
        unnormalized_heights = transform_params[...,self.num_bins:2*self.num_bins]
        derivatives = transform_params[...,2*self.num_bins:]
        unnorm_derivatives_left = derivatives[..., 0][..., None]
        unnorm_derivatives_right = derivatives[..., 1][..., None]

        if hasattr(self.autoregressive_net, 'hidden_features'):
            unnormalized_widths /= np.sqrt(self.autoregressive_net.hidden_features)
            unnormalized_heights /= np.sqrt(self.autoregressive_net.hidden_features)

        outputs, logabsdet = splines.cubic_spline(
            inputs=inputs,
            unnormalized_widths=unnormalized_widths,
            unnormalized_heights=unnormalized_heights,
            unnorm_derivatives_left=unnorm_derivatives_left,
            unnorm_derivatives_right=unnorm_derivatives_right,
            inverse=inverse
        )
        return outputs, utils.sum_except_batch(logabsdet)

    def _elementwise_forward(self, inputs, autoregressive_params):
        return self._elementwise(inputs, autoregressive_params)

    def _elementwise_inverse(self, inputs, autoregressive_params):
        return self._elementwise(inputs, autoregressive_params, inverse=True)


class MaskedPiecewiseRationalQuadraticAutoregressiveTransform(AutoregressiveTransform):
    def __init__(self,
                 features,
                 hidden_features,
                 context_features=None,
                 num_bins=10,
                 tails=None,
                 tail_bound=1.,
                 num_blocks=2,
                 use_residual_blocks=True,
                 random_mask=False,
                 activation=F.relu,
                 dropout_probability=0.,
                 use_batch_norm=False,
                 min_bin_width=splines.rational_quadratic.DEFAULT_MIN_BIN_WIDTH,
                 min_bin_height=splines.rational_quadratic.DEFAULT_MIN_BIN_HEIGHT,
                 min_derivative=splines.rational_quadratic.DEFAULT_MIN_DERIVATIVE
                 ):
        self.num_bins = num_bins
        self.min_bin_width = min_bin_width
        self.min_bin_height = min_bin_height
        self.min_derivative = min_derivative
        self.tails = tails
        self.tail_bound = tail_bound

        autoregressive_net = made_module.MADE(
            features=features,
            hidden_features=hidden_features,
            context_features=context_features,
            num_blocks=num_blocks,
            output_multiplier=self._output_dim_multiplier(),
            use_residual_blocks=use_residual_blocks,
            random_mask=random_mask,
            activation=activation,
            dropout_probability=dropout_probability,
            use_batch_norm=use_batch_norm,
        )

        super().__init__(autoregressive_net)

    def _output_dim_multiplier(self):
        if self.tails == 'linear':
            return self.num_bins * 3 - 1
        elif self.tails is None:
            return self.num_bins * 3 + 1
        else:
            raise ValueError

    def _elementwise(self, inputs, autoregressive_params, inverse=False):
        batch_size, features = inputs.shape[0], inputs.shape[1]

        transform_params = autoregressive_params.view(
            batch_size,
            features,
            self._output_dim_multiplier()
        )

        unnormalized_widths = transform_params[...,:self.num_bins]
        unnormalized_heights = transform_params[...,self.num_bins:2*self.num_bins]
        unnormalized_derivatives = transform_params[...,2*self.num_bins:]

        if hasattr(self.autoregressive_net, 'hidden_features'):
            unnormalized_widths /= np.sqrt(self.autoregressive_net.hidden_features)
            unnormalized_heights /= np.sqrt(self.autoregressive_net.hidden_features)

        if self.tails is None:
            spline_fn = splines.rational_quadratic_spline
            spline_kwargs = {}
        elif self.tails == 'linear':
            spline_fn = splines.unconstrained_rational_quadratic_spline
            spline_kwargs = {
                'tails': self.tails,
                'tail_bound': self.tail_bound
            }
        else:
            raise ValueError

        outputs, logabsdet = spline_fn(
            inputs=inputs,
            unnormalized_widths=unnormalized_widths,
            unnormalized_heights=unnormalized_heights,
            unnormalized_derivatives=unnormalized_derivatives,
            inverse=inverse,
            min_bin_width=self.min_bin_width,
            min_bin_height=self.min_bin_height,
            min_derivative=self.min_derivative,
            **spline_kwargs
        )

        return outputs, utils.sum_except_batch(logabsdet)

    def _elementwise_forward(self, inputs, autoregressive_params):
        return self._elementwise(inputs, autoregressive_params)

    def _elementwise_inverse(self, inputs, autoregressive_params):
        return self._elementwise(inputs, autoregressive_params, inverse=True)


def main():
    inputs = torch.randn(16, 10)
    context = torch.randn(16, 24)
    transform = MaskedPiecewiseQuadraticAutoregressiveTransform(
        features=10,
        hidden_features=32,
        context_features=24,
        num_bins=10,
        tails='linear',
        num_blocks=2
    )
    outputs, logabsdet = transform(inputs, context)
    print(outputs.shape)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
