# Copyright 2015 The TensorFlow Authors. All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# ==============================================================================
# pylint: disable=not-callable
# pylint: disable=redefined-builtin
"""Layers that can merge several inputs into one."""

import tensorflow.compat.v2 as tf

from keras import backend
from keras.engine import base_layer_utils
from keras.engine.base_layer import Layer
from keras.utils import tf_utils
from tensorflow.python.util.tf_export import keras_export


class _Merge(Layer):
  """Generic merge layer for elementwise merge functions.

  Used to implement `Sum`, `Average`, etc.
  """

  def __init__(self, **kwargs):
    """Initializes a Merge layer.

    Args:
      **kwargs: standard layer keyword arguments.
    """
    super(_Merge, self).__init__(**kwargs)
    self.supports_masking = True

  def _merge_function(self, inputs):
    raise NotImplementedError

  def _compute_elemwise_op_output_shape(self, shape1, shape2):
    """Computes the shape of the resultant of an elementwise operation.

    Args:
        shape1: tuple or None. Shape of the first tensor
        shape2: tuple or None. Shape of the second tensor

    Returns:
        expected output shape when an element-wise operation is
        carried out on 2 tensors with shapes shape1 and shape2.
        tuple or None.

    Raises:
        ValueError: if shape1 and shape2 are not compatible for
            element-wise operations.
    """
    if None in [shape1, shape2]:
      return None
    elif len(shape1) < len(shape2):
      return self._compute_elemwise_op_output_shape(shape2, shape1)
    elif not shape2:
      return shape1
    output_shape = list(shape1[:-len(shape2)])
    for i, j in zip(shape1[-len(shape2):], shape2):
      if i is None or j is None:
        output_shape.append(None)
      elif i == 1:
        output_shape.append(j)
      elif j == 1:
        output_shape.append(i)
      else:
        if i != j:
          raise ValueError(
              'Inputs have incompatible shapes. '
              f'Received shapes {shape1} and {shape2}')
        output_shape.append(i)
    return tuple(output_shape)

  @tf_utils.shape_type_conversion
  def build(self, input_shape):
    # Used purely for shape validation.
    if not isinstance(input_shape[0], tuple):
      raise ValueError(
          'A merge layer should be called on a list of inputs. '
          f'Received: input_shape={input_shape} (not a list of shapes)')
    if len(input_shape) < 2:
      raise ValueError('A merge layer should be called '
                       'on a list of at least 2 inputs. '
                       f'Got {len(input_shape)} inputs. '
                       f'Full input_shape received: {input_shape}')
    batch_sizes = {s[0] for s in input_shape if s} - {None}
    if len(batch_sizes) > 1:
      raise ValueError(
          'Cannot merge tensors with different batch sizes. '
          f'Got tensors with shapes {input_shape}')
    if input_shape[0] is None:
      output_shape = None
    else:
      output_shape = input_shape[0][1:]
    for i in range(1, len(input_shape)):
      if input_shape[i] is None:
        shape = None
      else:
        shape = input_shape[i][1:]
      output_shape = self._compute_elemwise_op_output_shape(output_shape, shape)
    # If the inputs have different ranks, we have to reshape them
    # to make them broadcastable.
    if None not in input_shape and len(set(map(len, input_shape))) == 1:
      self._reshape_required = False
    else:
      self._reshape_required = True

  def call(self, inputs):
    if not isinstance(inputs, (list, tuple)):
      raise ValueError(
          'A merge layer should be called on a list of inputs. '
          f'Received: inputs={inputs} (not a list of tensors)')
    if self._reshape_required:
      reshaped_inputs = []
      input_ndims = list(map(backend.ndim, inputs))
      if None not in input_ndims:
        # If ranks of all inputs are available,
        # we simply expand each of them at axis=1
        # until all of them have the same rank.
        max_ndim = max(input_ndims)
        for x in inputs:
          x_ndim = backend.ndim(x)
          for _ in range(max_ndim - x_ndim):
            x = tf.expand_dims(x, axis=1)
          reshaped_inputs.append(x)
        return self._merge_function(reshaped_inputs)
      else:
        # Transpose all inputs so that batch size is the last dimension.
        # (batch_size, dim1, dim2, ... ) -> (dim1, dim2, ... , batch_size)
        transposed = False
        for x in inputs:
          x_ndim = backend.ndim(x)
          if x_ndim is None:
            x_shape = tf.shape(x)
            batch_size = x_shape[0]
            new_shape = backend.concatenate(
                [x_shape[1:],
                 tf.expand_dims(batch_size, axis=-1)])
            x_transposed = tf.reshape(
                x,
                tf.stack(
                    [batch_size, tf.reduce_prod(x_shape[1:])], axis=0))
            x_transposed = tf.transpose(x_transposed, perm=(1, 0))
            x_transposed = tf.reshape(x_transposed, new_shape)
            reshaped_inputs.append(x_transposed)
            transposed = True
          elif x_ndim > 1:
            dims = list(range(1, x_ndim)) + [0]
            reshaped_inputs.append(tf.transpose(x, perm=dims))
            transposed = True
          else:
            # We don't transpose inputs if they are 1D vectors or scalars.
            reshaped_inputs.append(x)
        y = self._merge_function(reshaped_inputs)
        y_ndim = backend.ndim(y)
        if transposed:
          # If inputs have been transposed, we have to transpose the output too.
          if y_ndim is None:
            y_shape = tf.shape(y)
            y_ndim = tf.shape(y_shape)[0]
            batch_size = y_shape[y_ndim - 1]
            new_shape = backend.concatenate([
                tf.expand_dims(batch_size, axis=-1), y_shape[:y_ndim - 1]
            ])
            y = tf.reshape(y, (-1, batch_size))
            y = tf.transpose(y, perm=(1, 0))
            y = tf.reshape(y, new_shape)
          elif y_ndim > 1:
            dims = [y_ndim - 1] + list(range(y_ndim - 1))
            y = tf.transpose(y, perm=dims)
        return y
    else:
      return self._merge_function(inputs)

  @tf_utils.shape_type_conversion
  def compute_output_shape(self, input_shape):
    if input_shape[0] is None:
      output_shape = None
    else:
      output_shape = input_shape[0][1:]
    for i in range(1, len(input_shape)):
      if input_shape[i] is None:
        shape = None
      else:
        shape = input_shape[i][1:]
      output_shape = self._compute_elemwise_op_output_shape(output_shape, shape)
    batch_sizes = {s[0] for s in input_shape if s is not None} - {None}
    if len(batch_sizes) == 1:
      output_shape = (list(batch_sizes)[0],) + output_shape
    else:
      output_shape = (None,) + output_shape
    return output_shape

  def compute_mask(self, inputs, mask=None):
    if mask is None:
      return None
    if not isinstance(mask, (tuple, list)):
      raise ValueError(f'`mask` should be a list. Received: mask={mask}')
    if not isinstance(inputs, (tuple, list)):
      raise ValueError(f'`inputs` should be a list. Received: inputs={inputs}')
    if len(mask) != len(inputs):
      raise ValueError(
          'The lists `inputs` and `mask` should have the same length. '
          f'Received: inputs={inputs} of length {len(inputs)}, and '
          f'mask={mask} of length {len(mask)}')
    if all(m is None for m in mask):
      return None
    masks = [tf.expand_dims(m, axis=0) for m in mask if m is not None]
    return backend.all(
        backend.concatenate(masks, axis=0), axis=0, keepdims=False)


@keras_export('keras.layers.Add')
class Add(_Merge):
  """Layer that adds a list of inputs.

  It takes as input a list of tensors,
  all of the same shape, and returns
  a single tensor (also of the same shape).

  Examples:

  >>> input_shape = (2, 3, 4)
  >>> x1 = tf.random.normal(input_shape)
  >>> x2 = tf.random.normal(input_shape)
  >>> y = tf.keras.layers.Add()([x1, x2])
  >>> print(y.shape)
  (2, 3, 4)

  Used in a functional model:

  >>> input1 = tf.keras.layers.Input(shape=(16,))
  >>> x1 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(8, activation='relu')(input1)
  >>> input2 = tf.keras.layers.Input(shape=(32,))
  >>> x2 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(8, activation='relu')(input2)
  >>> # equivalent to `added = tf.keras.layers.add([x1, x2])`
  >>> added = tf.keras.layers.Add()([x1, x2])
  >>> out = tf.keras.layers.Dense(4)(added)
  >>> model = tf.keras.models.Model(inputs=[input1, input2], outputs=out)

  """

  def _merge_function(self, inputs):
    output = inputs[0]
    for i in range(1, len(inputs)):
      output += inputs[i]
    return output


@keras_export('keras.layers.Subtract')
class Subtract(_Merge):
  """Layer that subtracts two inputs.

  It takes as input a list of tensors of size 2,
  both of the same shape, and returns a single tensor, (inputs[0] - inputs[1]),
  also of the same shape.

  Examples:

  ```python
      import keras

      input1 = keras.layers.Input(shape=(16,))
      x1 = keras.layers.Dense(8, activation='relu')(input1)
      input2 = keras.layers.Input(shape=(32,))
      x2 = keras.layers.Dense(8, activation='relu')(input2)
      # Equivalent to subtracted = keras.layers.subtract([x1, x2])
      subtracted = keras.layers.Subtract()([x1, x2])

      out = keras.layers.Dense(4)(subtracted)
      model = keras.models.Model(inputs=[input1, input2], outputs=out)
  ```
  """

  @tf_utils.shape_type_conversion
  def build(self, input_shape):
    super(Subtract, self).build(input_shape)
    if len(input_shape) != 2:
      raise ValueError(
          'A `Subtract` layer should be called on exactly 2 inputs. '
          f'Received: input_shape={input_shape}')

  def _merge_function(self, inputs):
    if len(inputs) != 2:
      raise ValueError(
          'A `Subtract` layer should be called on exactly 2 inputs. '
          f'Received: inputs={inputs}')
    return inputs[0] - inputs[1]


@keras_export('keras.layers.Multiply')
class Multiply(_Merge):
  """Layer that multiplies (element-wise) a list of inputs.

  It takes as input a list of tensors, all of the same shape, and returns
  a single tensor (also of the same shape).

  >>> tf.keras.layers.Multiply()([np.arange(5).reshape(5, 1),
  ...                             np.arange(5, 10).reshape(5, 1)])
  <tf.Tensor: shape=(5, 1), dtype=int64, numpy=
  array([[ 0],
       [ 6],
       [14],
       [24],
       [36]])>

  >>> x1 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(8)(np.arange(10).reshape(5, 2))
  >>> x2 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(8)(np.arange(10, 20).reshape(5, 2))
  >>> multiplied = tf.keras.layers.Multiply()([x1, x2])
  >>> multiplied.shape
  TensorShape([5, 8])
  """

  def _merge_function(self, inputs):
    output = inputs[0]
    for i in range(1, len(inputs)):
      output = output * inputs[i]
    return output


@keras_export('keras.layers.Average')
class Average(_Merge):
  """Layer that averages a list of inputs element-wise.

  It takes as input a list of tensors, all of the same shape, and returns
  a single tensor (also of the same shape).

  Example:

  >>> x1 = np.ones((2, 2))
  >>> x2 = np.zeros((2, 2))
  >>> y = tf.keras.layers.Average()([x1, x2])
  >>> y.numpy().tolist()
  [[0.5, 0.5], [0.5, 0.5]]

  Usage in a functional model:

  >>> input1 = tf.keras.layers.Input(shape=(16,))
  >>> x1 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(8, activation='relu')(input1)
  >>> input2 = tf.keras.layers.Input(shape=(32,))
  >>> x2 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(8, activation='relu')(input2)
  >>> avg = tf.keras.layers.Average()([x1, x2])
  >>> out = tf.keras.layers.Dense(4)(avg)
  >>> model = tf.keras.models.Model(inputs=[input1, input2], outputs=out)

  Raises:
    ValueError: If there is a shape mismatch between the inputs and the shapes
      cannot be broadcasted to match.
  """

  def _merge_function(self, inputs):
    output = inputs[0]
    for i in range(1, len(inputs)):
      output += inputs[i]
    return output / len(inputs)


@keras_export('keras.layers.Maximum')
class Maximum(_Merge):
  """Layer that computes the maximum (element-wise) a list of inputs.

  It takes as input a list of tensors, all of the same shape, and returns
  a single tensor (also of the same shape).

  >>> tf.keras.layers.Maximum()([np.arange(5).reshape(5, 1),
  ...                            np.arange(5, 10).reshape(5, 1)])
  <tf.Tensor: shape=(5, 1), dtype=int64, numpy=
  array([[5],
       [6],
       [7],
       [8],
       [9]])>

  >>> x1 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(8)(np.arange(10).reshape(5, 2))
  >>> x2 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(8)(np.arange(10, 20).reshape(5, 2))
  >>> maxed = tf.keras.layers.Maximum()([x1, x2])
  >>> maxed.shape
  TensorShape([5, 8])
  """

  def _merge_function(self, inputs):
    output = inputs[0]
    for i in range(1, len(inputs)):
      output = tf.maximum(output, inputs[i])
    return output


@keras_export('keras.layers.Minimum')
class Minimum(_Merge):
  """Layer that computes the minimum (element-wise) a list of inputs.

  It takes as input a list of tensors, all of the same shape, and returns
  a single tensor (also of the same shape).

  >>> tf.keras.layers.Minimum()([np.arange(5).reshape(5, 1),
  ...                            np.arange(5, 10).reshape(5, 1)])
  <tf.Tensor: shape=(5, 1), dtype=int64, numpy=
  array([[0],
       [1],
       [2],
       [3],
       [4]])>

  >>> x1 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(8)(np.arange(10).reshape(5, 2))
  >>> x2 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(8)(np.arange(10, 20).reshape(5, 2))
  >>> minned = tf.keras.layers.Minimum()([x1, x2])
  >>> minned.shape
  TensorShape([5, 8])
  """

  def _merge_function(self, inputs):
    output = inputs[0]
    for i in range(1, len(inputs)):
      output = tf.minimum(output, inputs[i])
    return output


@keras_export('keras.layers.Concatenate')
class Concatenate(_Merge):
  """Layer that concatenates a list of inputs.

  It takes as input a list of tensors, all of the same shape except
  for the concatenation axis, and returns a single tensor that is the
  concatenation of all inputs.

  >>> x = np.arange(20).reshape(2, 2, 5)
  >>> print(x)
  [[[ 0  1  2  3  4]
    [ 5  6  7  8  9]]
   [[10 11 12 13 14]
    [15 16 17 18 19]]]
  >>> y = np.arange(20, 30).reshape(2, 1, 5)
  >>> print(y)
  [[[20 21 22 23 24]]
   [[25 26 27 28 29]]]
  >>> tf.keras.layers.Concatenate(axis=1)([x, y])
  <tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 3, 5), dtype=int64, numpy=
  array([[[ 0,  1,  2,  3,  4],
          [ 5,  6,  7,  8,  9],
          [20, 21, 22, 23, 24]],
         [[10, 11, 12, 13, 14],
          [15, 16, 17, 18, 19],
          [25, 26, 27, 28, 29]]])>

  >>> x1 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(8)(np.arange(10).reshape(5, 2))
  >>> x2 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(8)(np.arange(10, 20).reshape(5, 2))
  >>> concatted = tf.keras.layers.Concatenate()([x1, x2])
  >>> concatted.shape
  TensorShape([5, 16])

  """

  def __init__(self, axis=-1, **kwargs):
    """Instantiates a Concatenate layer.

    >>> x = np.arange(20).reshape(2, 2, 5)
    >>> print(x)
    [[[ 0  1  2  3  4]
      [ 5  6  7  8  9]]
     [[10 11 12 13 14]
      [15 16 17 18 19]]]
    >>> y = np.arange(20, 30).reshape(2, 1, 5)
    >>> print(y)
    [[[20 21 22 23 24]]
     [[25 26 27 28 29]]]
    >>> tf.keras.layers.Concatenate(axis=1)([x, y])
    <tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 3, 5), dtype=int64, numpy=
    array([[[ 0,  1,  2,  3,  4],
            [ 5,  6,  7,  8,  9],
            [20, 21, 22, 23, 24]],
           [[10, 11, 12, 13, 14],
            [15, 16, 17, 18, 19],
            [25, 26, 27, 28, 29]]])>

    Args:
      axis: Axis along which to concatenate.
      **kwargs: standard layer keyword arguments.
    """
    super(Concatenate, self).__init__(**kwargs)
    self.axis = axis
    self.supports_masking = True
    self._reshape_required = False

  @tf_utils.shape_type_conversion
  def build(self, input_shape):
    # Used purely for shape validation.
    if not isinstance(input_shape[0], tuple) or len(input_shape) < 1:
      raise ValueError(
          'A `Concatenate` layer should be called on a list of '
          f'at least 1 input. Received: input_shape={input_shape}')
    if all(shape is None for shape in input_shape):
      return
    reduced_inputs_shapes = [list(shape) for shape in input_shape]
    shape_set = set()
    for i in range(len(reduced_inputs_shapes)):
      del reduced_inputs_shapes[i][self.axis]
      shape_set.add(tuple(reduced_inputs_shapes[i]))

    if len(shape_set) != 1:
      err_msg = ('A `Concatenate` layer requires inputs with matching shapes '
                 'except for the concatenation axis. '
                 f'Received: input_shape={input_shape}')
      # Make sure all the shapes have same ranks.
      ranks = set(len(shape) for shape in shape_set)
      if len(ranks) != 1:
        raise ValueError(err_msg)
      # Get the only rank for the set.
      (rank,) = ranks
      for axis in range(rank):
        # Skip the Nones in the shape since they are dynamic, also the axis for
        # concat has been removed above.
        unique_dims = set(
            shape[axis] for shape in shape_set if shape[axis] is not None)
        if len(unique_dims) > 1:
          raise ValueError(err_msg)

  def _merge_function(self, inputs):
    return backend.concatenate(inputs, axis=self.axis)

  @tf_utils.shape_type_conversion
  def compute_output_shape(self, input_shape):
    if ((not isinstance(input_shape, (tuple, list))) or
        (not isinstance(input_shape[0], (tuple, list)))):
      # The tf_utils.shape_type_conversion decorator turns tensorshapes
      # into tuples, so we need to verify that `input_shape` is a list/tuple,
      # *and* that the individual elements are themselves shape tuples.
      raise ValueError(
          'A `Concatenate` layer should be called on a list of inputs. '
          f'Received: input_shape={input_shape}')
    input_shapes = input_shape
    output_shape = list(input_shapes[0])
    for shape in input_shapes[1:]:
      if output_shape[self.axis] is None or shape[self.axis] is None:
        output_shape[self.axis] = None
        break
      output_shape[self.axis] += shape[self.axis]
    return tuple(output_shape)

  def compute_mask(self, inputs, mask=None):
    if mask is None:
      return None
    if not isinstance(mask, (tuple, list)):
      raise ValueError(f'`mask` should be a list. Received mask={mask}')
    if not isinstance(inputs, (tuple, list)):
      raise ValueError(f'`inputs` should be a list. Received: inputs={inputs}')
    if len(mask) != len(inputs):
      raise ValueError(
          'The lists `inputs` and `mask` should have the same length. '
          f'Received: inputs={inputs} of length {len(inputs)}, and '
          f'mask={mask} of length {len(mask)}')
    if all(m is None for m in mask):
      return None
    # Make a list of masks while making sure
    # the dimensionality of each mask
    # is the same as the corresponding input.
    masks = []
    for input_i, mask_i in zip(inputs, mask):
      if mask_i is None:
        # Input is unmasked. Append all 1s to masks,
        masks.append(tf.ones_like(input_i, dtype='bool'))
      elif backend.ndim(mask_i) < backend.ndim(input_i):
        # Mask is smaller than the input, expand it
        masks.append(tf.expand_dims(mask_i, axis=-1))
      else:
        masks.append(mask_i)
    concatenated = backend.concatenate(masks, axis=self.axis)
    return backend.all(concatenated, axis=-1, keepdims=False)

  def get_config(self):
    config = {
        'axis': self.axis,
    }
    base_config = super(Concatenate, self).get_config()
    return dict(list(base_config.items()) + list(config.items()))


@keras_export('keras.layers.Dot')
class Dot(_Merge):
  """Layer that computes a dot product between samples in two tensors.

  E.g. if applied to a list of two tensors `a` and `b` of shape
  `(batch_size, n)`, the output will be a tensor of shape `(batch_size, 1)`
  where each entry `i` will be the dot product between
  `a[i]` and `b[i]`.

  >>> x = np.arange(10).reshape(1, 5, 2)
  >>> print(x)
  [[[0 1]
    [2 3]
    [4 5]
    [6 7]
    [8 9]]]
  >>> y = np.arange(10, 20).reshape(1, 2, 5)
  >>> print(y)
  [[[10 11 12 13 14]
    [15 16 17 18 19]]]
  >>> tf.keras.layers.Dot(axes=(1, 2))([x, y])
  <tf.Tensor: shape=(1, 2, 2), dtype=int64, numpy=
  array([[[260, 360],
          [320, 445]]])>

  >>> x1 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(8)(np.arange(10).reshape(5, 2))
  >>> x2 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(8)(np.arange(10, 20).reshape(5, 2))
  >>> dotted = tf.keras.layers.Dot(axes=1)([x1, x2])
  >>> dotted.shape
  TensorShape([5, 1])


  """

  def __init__(self, axes, normalize=False, **kwargs):
    """Initializes a layer that computes the element-wise dot product.

      >>> x = np.arange(10).reshape(1, 5, 2)
      >>> print(x)
      [[[0 1]
        [2 3]
        [4 5]
        [6 7]
        [8 9]]]
      >>> y = np.arange(10, 20).reshape(1, 2, 5)
      >>> print(y)
      [[[10 11 12 13 14]
        [15 16 17 18 19]]]
      >>> tf.keras.layers.Dot(axes=(1, 2))([x, y])
      <tf.Tensor: shape=(1, 2, 2), dtype=int64, numpy=
      array([[[260, 360],
              [320, 445]]])>

    Args:
      axes: Integer or tuple of integers,
        axis or axes along which to take the dot product. If a tuple, should
        be two integers corresponding to the desired axis from the first input
        and the desired axis from the second input, respectively. Note that the
        size of the two selected axes must match.
      normalize: Whether to L2-normalize samples along the
        dot product axis before taking the dot product.
        If set to True, then the output of the dot product
        is the cosine proximity between the two samples.
      **kwargs: Standard layer keyword arguments.
    """
    super(Dot, self).__init__(**kwargs)
    if not isinstance(axes, int):
      if not isinstance(axes, (list, tuple)):
        raise TypeError(
            'Invalid type for argument `axes`: it should be '
            f'a list or an int. Received: axes={axes}')
      if len(axes) != 2:
        raise ValueError(
            'Invalid format for argument `axes`: it should contain two '
            f'elements. Received: axes={axes}')
      if not isinstance(axes[0], int) or not isinstance(axes[1], int):
        raise ValueError(
            'Invalid format for argument `axes`: list elements should be '
            f'integers. Received: axes={axes}')
    self.axes = axes
    self.normalize = normalize
    self.supports_masking = True
    self._reshape_required = False

  @tf_utils.shape_type_conversion
  def build(self, input_shape):
    # Used purely for shape validation.
    if not isinstance(input_shape[0], tuple) or len(input_shape) != 2:
      raise ValueError(
          'A `Dot` layer should be called on a list of 2 inputs. '
          f'Received: input_shape={input_shape}')
    shape1 = input_shape[0]
    shape2 = input_shape[1]
    if shape1 is None or shape2 is None:
      return
    if isinstance(self.axes, int):
      if self.axes < 0:
        axes = [self.axes % len(shape1), self.axes % len(shape2)]
      else:
        axes = [self.axes] * 2
    else:
      axes = self.axes
    if shape1[axes[0]] != shape2[axes[1]]:
      raise ValueError(
          'Incompatible input shapes: '
          f'axis values {shape1[axes[0]]} (at axis {axes[0]}) != '
          f'{shape2[axes[1]]} (at axis {axes[1]}). '
          f'Full input shapes: {shape1}, {shape2}')

  def _merge_function(self, inputs):
    base_layer_utils.no_ragged_support(inputs, self.name)
    if len(inputs) != 2:
      raise ValueError(
          'A `Dot` layer should be called on exactly 2 inputs. '
          f'Received: inputs={inputs}')
    x1 = inputs[0]
    x2 = inputs[1]
    if isinstance(self.axes, int):
      if self.axes < 0:
        axes = [self.axes % backend.ndim(x1), self.axes % backend.ndim(x2)]
      else:
        axes = [self.axes] * 2
    else:
      axes = []
      for i in range(len(self.axes)):
        if self.axes[i] < 0:
          axes.append(self.axes[i] % backend.ndim(inputs[i]))
        else:
          axes.append(self.axes[i])
    if self.normalize:
      x1 = tf.linalg.l2_normalize(x1, axis=axes[0])
      x2 = tf.linalg.l2_normalize(x2, axis=axes[1])
    output = backend.batch_dot(x1, x2, axes)
    return output

  @tf_utils.shape_type_conversion
  def compute_output_shape(self, input_shape):
    if not isinstance(input_shape, (tuple, list)) or len(input_shape) != 2:
      raise ValueError(
          'A `Dot` layer should be called on a list of 2 inputs. '
          f'Received: input_shape={input_shape}')
    shape1 = list(input_shape[0])
    shape2 = list(input_shape[1])
    if isinstance(self.axes, int):
      if self.axes < 0:
        axes = [self.axes % len(shape1), self.axes % len(shape2)]
      else:
        axes = [self.axes] * 2
    else:
      axes = self.axes
    shape1.pop(axes[0])
    shape2.pop(axes[1])
    shape2.pop(0)
    output_shape = shape1 + shape2
    if len(output_shape) == 1:
      output_shape += [1]
    return tuple(output_shape)

  def compute_mask(self, inputs, mask=None):
    return None

  def get_config(self):
    config = {
        'axes': self.axes,
        'normalize': self.normalize,
    }
    base_config = super(Dot, self).get_config()
    return dict(list(base_config.items()) + list(config.items()))


@keras_export('keras.layers.add')
def add(inputs, **kwargs):
  """Functional interface to the `tf.keras.layers.Add` layer.

  Args:
      inputs: A list of input tensors (at least 2) with the same shape.
      **kwargs: Standard layer keyword arguments.

  Returns:
      A tensor as the sum of the inputs. It has the same shape as the inputs.

  Examples:

  >>> input_shape = (2, 3, 4)
  >>> x1 = tf.random.normal(input_shape)
  >>> x2 = tf.random.normal(input_shape)
  >>> y = tf.keras.layers.add([x1, x2])
  >>> print(y.shape)
  (2, 3, 4)

  Used in a functional model:

  >>> input1 = tf.keras.layers.Input(shape=(16,))
  >>> x1 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(8, activation='relu')(input1)
  >>> input2 = tf.keras.layers.Input(shape=(32,))
  >>> x2 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(8, activation='relu')(input2)
  >>> added = tf.keras.layers.add([x1, x2])
  >>> out = tf.keras.layers.Dense(4)(added)
  >>> model = tf.keras.models.Model(inputs=[input1, input2], outputs=out)

  """
  return Add(**kwargs)(inputs)


@keras_export('keras.layers.subtract')
def subtract(inputs, **kwargs):
  """Functional interface to the `Subtract` layer.

  Args:
      inputs: A list of input tensors (exactly 2).
      **kwargs: Standard layer keyword arguments.

  Returns:
      A tensor, the difference of the inputs.

  Examples:

  ```python
      import keras

      input1 = keras.layers.Input(shape=(16,))
      x1 = keras.layers.Dense(8, activation='relu')(input1)
      input2 = keras.layers.Input(shape=(32,))
      x2 = keras.layers.Dense(8, activation='relu')(input2)
      subtracted = keras.layers.subtract([x1, x2])

      out = keras.layers.Dense(4)(subtracted)
      model = keras.models.Model(inputs=[input1, input2], outputs=out)
  ```
  """
  return Subtract(**kwargs)(inputs)


@keras_export('keras.layers.multiply')
def multiply(inputs, **kwargs):
  """Functional interface to the `Multiply` layer.

  Example:

  >>> x1 = np.arange(3.0)
  >>> x2 = np.arange(3.0)
  >>> tf.keras.layers.multiply([x1, x2])
  <tf.Tensor: shape=(3,), dtype=float32, numpy=array([0., 1., 4.], ...)>

  Usage in a functional model:

  >>> input1 = tf.keras.layers.Input(shape=(16,))
  >>> x1 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(8, activation='relu')(input1) #shape=(None, 8)
  >>> input2 = tf.keras.layers.Input(shape=(32,))
  >>> x2 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(8, activation='relu')(input2) #shape=(None, 8)
  >>> out = tf.keras.layers.multiply([x1,x2]) #shape=(None, 8)
  >>> out = tf.keras.layers.Dense(4)(out)
  >>> model = tf.keras.models.Model(inputs=[input1, input2], outputs=out)

  Args:
      inputs: A list of input tensors (at least 2).
      **kwargs: Standard layer keyword arguments.

  Returns:
      A tensor, the element-wise product of the inputs.
  """
  return Multiply(**kwargs)(inputs)


@keras_export('keras.layers.average')
def average(inputs, **kwargs):
  """Functional interface to the `tf.keras.layers.Average` layer.

  Example:

  >>> x1 = np.ones((2, 2))
  >>> x2 = np.zeros((2, 2))
  >>> y = tf.keras.layers.Average()([x1, x2])
  >>> y.numpy().tolist()
  [[0.5, 0.5], [0.5, 0.5]]

  Usage in a functional model:

  >>> input1 = tf.keras.layers.Input(shape=(16,))
  >>> x1 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(8, activation='relu')(input1)
  >>> input2 = tf.keras.layers.Input(shape=(32,))
  >>> x2 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(8, activation='relu')(input2)
  >>> avg = tf.keras.layers.Average()([x1, x2])
  >>> out = tf.keras.layers.Dense(4)(avg)
  >>> model = tf.keras.models.Model(inputs=[input1, input2], outputs=out)

  Args:
      inputs: A list of input tensors (at least 2).
      **kwargs: Standard layer keyword arguments.

  Returns:
      A tensor, the average of the inputs.

  Raises:
    ValueError: If there is a shape mismatch between the inputs and the shapes
      cannot be broadcasted to match.
  """
  return Average(**kwargs)(inputs)


@keras_export('keras.layers.maximum')
def maximum(inputs, **kwargs):
  """Functional interface to compute maximum (element-wise) list of `inputs`.

  This is equivalent to the `tf.keras.layers.Maximum` layer.

  For example:

  ```python
  input1 = tf.keras.layers.Input(shape=(16,))
  x1 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(8, activation='relu')(input1) #shape=(None, 8)
  input2 = tf.keras.layers.Input(shape=(32,))
  x2 = tf.keras.layers.Dense(8, activation='relu')(input2) #shape=(None, 8)
  max_inp=tf.keras.layers.maximum([x1,x2]) #shape=(None, 8)
  out = tf.keras.layers.Dense(4)(max_inp)
  model = tf.keras.models.Model(inputs=[input1, input2], outputs=out)
  ```

  Args:
      inputs: A list of input tensors (at least 2) of same shape.
      **kwargs: Standard layer keyword arguments.

  Returns:
      A tensor (of same shape as input tensor) with the element-wise
      maximum of the inputs.

  Raises:
      ValueError: If input tensors are of different shape.
  """
  return Maximum(**kwargs)(inputs)


@keras_export('keras.layers.minimum')
def minimum(inputs, **kwargs):
  """Functional interface to the `Minimum` layer.

  Args:
      inputs: A list of input tensors (at least 2).
      **kwargs: Standard layer keyword arguments.

  Returns:
      A tensor, the element-wise minimum of the inputs.
  """
  return Minimum(**kwargs)(inputs)


@keras_export('keras.layers.concatenate')
def concatenate(inputs, axis=-1, **kwargs):
  """Functional interface to the `Concatenate` layer.

  >>> x = np.arange(20).reshape(2, 2, 5)
  >>> print(x)
  [[[ 0  1  2  3  4]
    [ 5  6  7  8  9]]
   [[10 11 12 13 14]
    [15 16 17 18 19]]]
  >>> y = np.arange(20, 30).reshape(2, 1, 5)
  >>> print(y)
  [[[20 21 22 23 24]]
   [[25 26 27 28 29]]]
  >>> tf.keras.layers.concatenate([x, y],
  ...                             axis=1)
  <tf.Tensor: shape=(2, 3, 5), dtype=int64, numpy=
  array([[[ 0,  1,  2,  3,  4],
        [ 5,  6,  7,  8,  9],
        [20, 21, 22, 23, 24]],
       [[10, 11, 12, 13, 14],
        [15, 16, 17, 18, 19],
        [25, 26, 27, 28, 29]]])>

  Args:
      inputs: A list of input tensors (at least 2).
      axis: Concatenation axis.
      **kwargs: Standard layer keyword arguments.

  Returns:
      A tensor, the concatenation of the inputs alongside axis `axis`.
  """
  return Concatenate(axis=axis, **kwargs)(inputs)


@keras_export('keras.layers.dot')
def dot(inputs, axes, normalize=False, **kwargs):
  """Functional interface to the `Dot` layer.

  Args:
      inputs: A list of input tensors (at least 2).
      axes: Integer or tuple of integers,
          axis or axes along which to take the dot product.
      normalize: Whether to L2-normalize samples along the
          dot product axis before taking the dot product.
          If set to True, then the output of the dot product
          is the cosine proximity between the two samples.
      **kwargs: Standard layer keyword arguments.

  Returns:
      A tensor, the dot product of the samples from the inputs.
  """
  return Dot(axes=axes, normalize=normalize, **kwargs)(inputs)
