// Copyright 2015-2020 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
// This file is part of OpenEthereum.

// OpenEthereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.

// OpenEthereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.

// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with OpenEthereum.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

use deque;
use fnv::FnvHashMap;
use num_cpus;
use parking_lot::{Mutex, RwLock};
use slab::Slab;
use std::{
    sync::{Arc, Weak},
    thread,
    time::Duration,
};
use time::Duration as TimeDuration;
use timer::{Guard as TimerGuard, Timer};
use IoError;
use IoHandler;

/// Timer ID
pub type TimerToken = usize;
/// IO Handler ID
pub type HandlerId = usize;

/// Maximum number of tokens a handler can use
pub const TOKENS_PER_HANDLER: usize = 16384;
const MAX_HANDLERS: usize = 8;

/// IO access point. This is passed to all IO handlers and provides an interface to the IO subsystem.
pub struct IoContext<Message>
where
    Message: Send + Sync + 'static,
{
    handler: HandlerId,
    shared: Arc<Shared<Message>>,
}

impl<Message> IoContext<Message>
where
    Message: Send + Sync + 'static,
{
    /// Register a new recurring IO timer. 'IoHandler::timeout' will be called with the token.
    pub fn register_timer(&self, token: TimerToken, delay: Duration) -> Result<(), IoError> {
        let channel = self.channel();

        let msg = WorkTask::TimerTrigger {
            handler_id: self.handler,
            token: token,
        };

        let delay = TimeDuration::from_std(delay)
            .map_err(|e| ::std::io::Error::new(::std::io::ErrorKind::Other, e))?;
        let guard = self.shared.timer.lock().schedule_repeating(delay, move || {
            channel.send_raw(msg.clone());
        });

        self.shared.timers.lock().insert(token, guard);

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Register a new IO timer once. 'IoHandler::timeout' will be called with the token.
    pub fn register_timer_once(&self, token: TimerToken, delay: Duration) -> Result<(), IoError> {
        let channel = self.channel();

        let msg = WorkTask::TimerTrigger {
            handler_id: self.handler,
            token: token,
        };

        let delay = TimeDuration::from_std(delay)
            .map_err(|e| ::std::io::Error::new(::std::io::ErrorKind::Other, e))?;
        let guard = self
            .shared
            .timer
            .lock()
            .schedule_with_delay(delay, move || {
                channel.send_raw(msg.clone());
            });

        self.shared.timers.lock().insert(token, guard);

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Delete a timer.
    pub fn clear_timer(&self, token: TimerToken) -> Result<(), IoError> {
        self.shared.timers.lock().remove(&token);
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Broadcast a message to other IO clients
    pub fn message(&self, message: Message) -> Result<(), IoError> {
        if let Some(ref channel) = *self.shared.channel.lock() {
            channel.push(WorkTask::UserMessage(Arc::new(message)));
        }
        for thread in self.shared.threads.read().iter() {
            thread.unpark();
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Get message channel
    pub fn channel(&self) -> IoChannel<Message> {
        IoChannel {
            shared: Arc::downgrade(&self.shared),
        }
    }

    /// Unregister current IO handler.
    pub fn unregister_handler(&self) -> Result<(), IoError> {
        self.shared.handlers.write().remove(self.handler);
        Ok(())
    }
}

/// Allows sending messages into the event loop. All the IO handlers will get the message
/// in the `message` callback.
pub struct IoChannel<Message>
where
    Message: Send + Sync + 'static,
{
    shared: Weak<Shared<Message>>,
}

impl<Message> Clone for IoChannel<Message>
where
    Message: Send + Sync + 'static,
{
    fn clone(&self) -> IoChannel<Message> {
        IoChannel {
            shared: self.shared.clone(),
        }
    }
}

impl<Message> IoChannel<Message>
where
    Message: Send + Sync + 'static,
{
    /// Send a message through the channel
    pub fn send(&self, message: Message) -> Result<(), IoError> {
        if let Some(shared) = self.shared.upgrade() {
            match *shared.channel.lock() {
                Some(ref channel) => channel.push(WorkTask::UserMessage(Arc::new(message))),
                None => self.send_sync(message)?,
            };

            for thread in shared.threads.read().iter() {
                thread.unpark();
            }
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Send a message through the channel and handle it synchronously
    pub fn send_sync(&self, message: Message) -> Result<(), IoError> {
        if let Some(shared) = self.shared.upgrade() {
            for id in 0..MAX_HANDLERS {
                if let Some(h) = shared.handlers.read().get(id) {
                    let handler = h.clone();
                    let ctxt = IoContext {
                        handler: id,
                        shared: shared.clone(),
                    };
                    handler.message(&ctxt, &message);
                }
            }
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    // Send low level io message
    fn send_raw(&self, message: WorkTask<Message>) {
        if let Some(shared) = self.shared.upgrade() {
            if let Some(ref channel) = *shared.channel.lock() {
                channel.push(message);
            }

            for thread in shared.threads.read().iter() {
                thread.unpark();
            }
        }
    }

    /// Create a new channel disconnected from an event loop.
    pub fn disconnected() -> IoChannel<Message> {
        IoChannel {
            shared: Weak::default(),
        }
    }
}

/// General IO Service. Starts an event loop and dispatches IO requests.
/// 'Message' is a notification message type
pub struct IoService<Message>
where
    Message: Send + Sync + 'static,
{
    thread_joins: Mutex<Vec<thread::JoinHandle<()>>>,
    shared: Arc<Shared<Message>>,
}

// Struct shared throughout the whole implementation.
struct Shared<Message>
where
    Message: Send + Sync + 'static,
{
    // All the I/O handlers that have been registered.
    handlers: RwLock<Slab<Arc<dyn IoHandler<Message>>>>,
    // All the background threads, so that we can unpark them.
    threads: RwLock<Vec<thread::Thread>>,
    // Used to create timeouts.
    timer: Mutex<Timer>,
    // List of created timers. We need to keep them in a data struct so that we can cancel them if
    // necessary.
    timers: Mutex<FnvHashMap<TimerToken, TimerGuard>>,
    // Channel used to send work to the worker threads.
    channel: Mutex<Option<deque::Worker<WorkTask<Message>>>>,
}

// Messages used to communicate with the event loop from other threads.
enum WorkTask<Message>
where
    Message: Send + Sized,
{
    Shutdown,
    TimerTrigger {
        handler_id: HandlerId,
        token: TimerToken,
    },
    UserMessage(Arc<Message>),
}

impl<Message> Clone for WorkTask<Message>
where
    Message: Send + Sized,
{
    fn clone(&self) -> WorkTask<Message> {
        match *self {
            WorkTask::Shutdown => WorkTask::Shutdown,
            WorkTask::TimerTrigger { handler_id, token } => {
                WorkTask::TimerTrigger { handler_id, token }
            }
            WorkTask::UserMessage(ref msg) => WorkTask::UserMessage(msg.clone()),
        }
    }
}

impl<Message> IoService<Message>
where
    Message: Send + Sync + 'static,
{
    /// Starts IO event loop
    pub fn start(_symbolic_name: &'static str) -> Result<IoService<Message>, IoError> {
        // This minimal implementation of IoService does have named Workers
        // like the mio-dependent one does, so _symbolic_name is ignored.
        let (tx, rx) = deque::fifo();

        let shared = Arc::new(Shared {
            handlers: RwLock::new(Slab::with_capacity(MAX_HANDLERS)),
            threads: RwLock::new(Vec::new()),
            timer: Mutex::new(Timer::new()),
            timers: Mutex::new(FnvHashMap::default()),
            channel: Mutex::new(Some(tx)),
        });

        let thread_joins = (0..num_cpus::get())
            .map(|_| {
                let rx = rx.clone();
                let shared = shared.clone();
                thread::spawn(move || do_work(&shared, rx))
            })
            .collect::<Vec<_>>();

        *shared.threads.write() = thread_joins.iter().map(|t| t.thread().clone()).collect();

        Ok(IoService {
            thread_joins: Mutex::new(thread_joins),
            shared,
        })
    }

    /// Stops the IO service.
    pub fn stop(&mut self) {
        trace!(target: "shutdown", "[IoService] Closing...");
        // Clear handlers so that shared pointers are not stuck on stack
        // in Channel::send_sync
        self.shared.handlers.write().clear();
        let channel = self.shared.channel.lock().take();
        let mut thread_joins = self.thread_joins.lock();
        if let Some(channel) = channel {
            for _ in 0..thread_joins.len() {
                channel.push(WorkTask::Shutdown);
            }
        }
        for thread in thread_joins.drain(..) {
            thread.thread().unpark();
            thread.join().unwrap_or_else(|e| {
                debug!(target: "shutdown", "Error joining IO service worker thread: {:?}", e);
            });
        }
        trace!(target: "shutdown", "[IoService] Closed.");
    }

    /// Register an IO handler with the event loop.
    pub fn register_handler(
        &self,
        handler: Arc<dyn IoHandler<Message> + Send>,
    ) -> Result<(), IoError> {
        let id = self.shared.handlers.write().insert(handler.clone());
        assert!(id <= MAX_HANDLERS, "Too many handlers registered");
        let ctxt = IoContext {
            handler: id,
            shared: self.shared.clone(),
        };
        handler.initialize(&ctxt);
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Send a message over the network. Normaly `HostIo::send` should be used. This can be used from non-io threads.
    pub fn send_message(&self, message: Message) -> Result<(), IoError> {
        if let Some(ref channel) = *self.shared.channel.lock() {
            channel.push(WorkTask::UserMessage(Arc::new(message)));
        }
        for thread in self.shared.threads.read().iter() {
            thread.unpark();
        }
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Create a new message channel
    #[inline]
    pub fn channel(&self) -> IoChannel<Message> {
        IoChannel {
            shared: Arc::downgrade(&self.shared),
        }
    }
}

impl<Message> Drop for IoService<Message>
where
    Message: Send + Sync,
{
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        self.stop()
    }
}

fn do_work<Message>(shared: &Arc<Shared<Message>>, rx: deque::Stealer<WorkTask<Message>>)
where
    Message: Send + Sync + 'static,
{
    loop {
        match rx.steal() {
            deque::Steal::Retry => continue,
            deque::Steal::Empty => thread::park(),
            deque::Steal::Data(WorkTask::Shutdown) => break,
            deque::Steal::Data(WorkTask::UserMessage(message)) => {
                for id in 0..MAX_HANDLERS {
                    if let Some(handler) = shared.handlers.read().get(id) {
                        let ctxt = IoContext {
                            handler: id,
                            shared: shared.clone(),
                        };
                        handler.message(&ctxt, &message);
                    }
                }
            }
            deque::Steal::Data(WorkTask::TimerTrigger { handler_id, token }) => {
                if let Some(handler) = shared.handlers.read().get(handler_id) {
                    let ctxt = IoContext {
                        handler: handler_id,
                        shared: shared.clone(),
                    };
                    handler.timeout(&ctxt, token);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
