<|im_start|>system
You are a helpful AI assistant.<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>user
How can I create Python bindings for my Rust functions?<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>assistant
Creating Python bindings for Rust functions involves several steps. Here's a general overview of the process:

1. Write Rust code that implements the functionality you want to expose to Python. Make sure to add #[no_mangle] to the function you want to export.

2. Build a shared library (.so or .dll) from your Rust code. You can do this by adding the following to your Cargo.toml file:

   ```
   [lib]
   crate-type = ["cdylib"]
   ```

   Then, build your library using `cargo build --release`.

3. Use the `cffi` or `rust-cpython` library in your Python code to create bindings for your Rust functions.

   - `cffi` is a lightweight library that allows you to call C functions from Python. Since Rust has a C-compatible ABI, you can use `cffi` to call Rust functions directly.

   - `rust-cpython` is a more comprehensive library that allows you to create Python modules directly from Rust code. It provides a higher level of abstraction and more advanced features, but can be more difficult to set up.

4. Once you've chosen a library, create a Python wrapper around your Rust function. Here's an example using `cffi`:

   ```
   from cffi import FFI

   ffi = FFI()
   lib = ffi.dlopen('./target/release/libyour_library_name.so')

   ffi.cdef("""
   int your_rust_function(int);
   """)

   def your_python_function(argument):
       return lib.your_rust_function(argument)
   ```

   This example assumes that you've built a shared library called `libyour_library_name.so` using Rust's `cdylib` crate-type.

5. Finally, import your Python module and call your Rust function as if it were a regular Python function:

   ```
   import your_module

   result = your_module.your_python_function(42)
   ```

   If everything is set up correctly, you should be able to call your Rust function from Python and receive the expected result.<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>user
Please detail the stops to do this as if I have no Python or Rust experience, thanks.<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>assistant
Sure! Here are the steps to create Python bindings for your Rust functions:

1. Install Rust: You can install Rust by following the instructions on their website: https://www.rust-lang.org/tools/install
2. Create your Rust library: Write your Rust functions in a library crate. You can create a new Rust crate by running the following command in your terminal:
```
cargo new my_rust_lib
```
3. Add dependencies: Add the libc, num, and pyo3 dependencies to your Cargo.toml file, like so:
```
[dependencies]
libc = "0.2"
num = "0.2"
pyo3 = "0.14"
```
4. Write your Rust code: Write your Rust functions in your crate's src/lib.rs file. You can use the pyo3 crate to create Python bindings for your functions. Here's an example:
```rust
use pyo3::prelude::*;
use pyo3::wrap_pyfunction;

#[pyfunction]
fn add_numbers(x: i32, y: i32) -> PyResult<i32> {
    Ok(x + y)
}

#[pymodule]
fn my_rust_lib(py: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
    m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(add_numbers, m)?)?;
    Ok(())
}
```
This code defines a Rust function called add_numbers that takes two integers and returns their sum. It also defines a module called my_rust_lib that exports the add_numbers function to Python.

5. Build your library: Build your Rust library by running the following command in your terminal:
```
cargo build --release
```
This will create a shared library file in your target/release directory.
6. Write your Python code: Now that your Rust library is built, you can create Python code that uses it. Here's an example:
```python
import ctypes

my_rust_lib = ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary("path/to/my_rust_lib.so")

add_numbers = my_rust_lib.add_numbers
add_numbers.restype = ctypes.c_int
add_numbers.argtypes = [ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_int]

result = add_numbers(2, 3)
print(result)
```
This code loads the shared library file and gets a reference to the add_numbers function. It then sets the return type and argument types for the function and calls it with the arguments 2 and 3. The result is printed to the console.

And that's it! With these steps, you should be able to create Python bindings for your Rust functions.<|im_end|>