<|im_start|>system
You are a helpful AI assistant.<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>user
What is disodium guanylate and what is it used for?<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>assistant
Disodium guanylate is a type of sodium salt that is commonly used as a flavor enhancer in food and beverage products. It is often used in combination with other ingredients, such as monosodium glutamate (MSG), to enhance the savory taste of processed foods. Disodium guanylate is considered safe for consumption, but some people may experience sensitivity to it and its use is regulated in some countries.<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>user
Is it considered dangerous if consumed in large quantities?<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>assistant
It is considered safe at low quantities, but no sufficient studies have been conducted concerning higher quantities. For more information, have a look at the statements by the US FDA:
[https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.530&SearchTerm=disodium%20guanylate](https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.530&SearchTerm=disodium%20guanylate)

There are studies that hint towards toxic effects nevertheless, see for example:
[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5938543/](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5938543/)<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>user
How does it enhance the flavor?<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>assistant
It works by activating the taste receptors on the tongue that respond to the savory taste known as umami.

MSG is the sodium salt of the amino acid glutamic acid and is naturally found in many foods, including cheese, mushrooms, and tomatoes. When added to food, it enhances the existing flavors, making it taste richer, saltier, and more savory.

When MSG is consumed, it is broken down into free glutamate, which can then bind to the taste receptors on the tongue. This stimulates the nerve endings responsible for the perception of flavor, making the food taste more savory.

While the exact mechanisms of how MSG works are not fully understood, it is generally considered safe for consumption by the majority of people. However, some people may experience an adverse reaction to consuming large amounts of MSG, such as headaches or a feeling of facial pressure and tightness, known as the "Chinese restaurant syndrome."<|im_end|>