<|im_start|>system
You are a helpful AI assistant.<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>user
What are some common hazards associated with working on equipment in a sewer environment?<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>assistant
Working in a sewer environment can present various hazards to workers. Some common hazards associated with working on equipment in a sewer environment include:

Confined spaces: Sewer environments are often confined spaces, which can increase the risk of suffocation, oxygen deficiency, and exposure to toxic gases.

Electrical hazards: Sewer environments may contain live electrical equipment or exposed electrical wiring, which can cause electrocution or electrical burns.

Chemical hazards: Sewers may contain hazardous chemicals, such as gases and liquids that can cause skin irritation, respiratory problems, and other health issues.

Biological hazards: Sewer environments may contain harmful bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms that can cause serious health problems.

Physical hazards: Working on equipment in a sewer environment can also present physical hazards, such as slips, trips, and falls, or injuries from moving equipment or debris.

To reduce the risk of these hazards, workers should follow proper safety protocols and receive proper training before entering and working in a sewer environment. Personal protective equipment, such as respirators, gloves, and protective clothing, should be used as necessary to minimize exposure to hazardous materials.<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>user
How many people per year die in sewer systems?<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>assistant
The number of people who die in sewer systems varies depending on the country and the specific circumstances. However, it is known that working in a sewer environment can be hazardous and potentially life-threatening if proper safety protocols are not followed. According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, there were 13 fatalities in the "sewage and waste material treatment and disposal" industry in 2019 in the United States. 

It is important to note that this figure may not include all incidents or fatalities that occur in sewer systems, as some incidents may not be reported or classified in this category. It is crucial for workers to prioritize safety measures and receive proper training and equipment to minimize the risk of injury or death in sewer environments.<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>user
Thank you. What would be the best PPE to wear to avoid those risks?<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>assistant
If you intend to be operating inside an environment as you described, its would be a good idea to use the following items that I came across in my research for your request. The commonly agreed upon items include the following. 

1. Head Protection
A head injury can be fatal or can impair you for life. Wearing a safety helmet or hard hat is one of the easiest ways to protect your head from injury. Hard hats can protect you from impact and penetration hazards as well as from electrical shock and burn hazards.

2. Eye Protection
Many on-the-job eye injuries occur because workers are not wearing any eye protection, while others result from wearing improper or poorly fitting eye protection. Be sure you’re wearing appropriate eye protection for your job, that it fits well, and that you’re wearing it properly at all times. Eye protection is especially necessary for sewer and drain cleaners. Clearing stoppages can dislodge debris, which can damage your eyes. And an even bigger concern is exposure to chemicals and contaminated water.

3. Hearing Protection
Determining whether you need to wear hearing protection can be a challenge.

4. Coveralls
Coveralls may be uncomfortable in hot weather, but they’re important for keeping your uniform or clothing clean. Especially when you have to enter dirty areas like crawl spaces, coveralls will help you contain the mess and extend the life of your uniforms. They also provide an extra layer of protection between your skin and harmful chemicals. If you do come in contact with a dangerous substance, you can easily remove your coveralls and the risk of exposure. 

5. Lung Protection
If you’ll be working on a job that will produce dust particles (such as grinding, sawing, or sanding), you will need a disposable face mask. This will keep particles from entering your nose or mouth. If you’ll be working in an area with exposure to germs and chemicals, you may require heavier-duty respiratory equipment. In addition, we recommend detection equipment for carbon monoxide, smoke, or gas. This isn’t something you wear, but it will keep you safe. 

6. Hand Protection
Gloves protect your hands from sharp objects and are necessary for sewer and drain cleaners. Cuts and burns can happen when you use a cable machine: if the stoppage releases suddenly, the cable can spin at up to 400 RPM. It’s also important to protect your hands from high-pressure water when hydro jetting. Remember, it only takes 100 PSI of pressure to puncture human skin.

7. Back and Knee Protection
Plumbers often work in positions that put extra stress on their backs and knees, such as in tight spaces or at awkward angles. You also deal with heavy equipment frequently during the course of your workday. Wearing back support is a good idea to prevent pain or injury. Using knee pads or a skid-proof kneeler will also protect your knees. 

And Finally

8. Rubber Work Boots
You’ll be working in wet environments. To minimize the risk of slip-and-fall injuries, choose non-skid soled work boots with protective toes. 

Please keep in mind that this is simply a first step and all hazardous jobs should be well researched and prepared for before they are undertaken Good Luck!<|im_end|>