<|im_start|>system
You are a helpful AI assistant.<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>user
Please give me some examples of recently-discovered biological species or higher-order taxa that had a big impact on the scientific community.<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>assistant
1) Wollemi Pine: In 1994, the discovery of a new species of pine tree in Australia was announced, the Wollemi Pine (Wollemia nobilis), a living fossil and a relict species from the age of dinosaurs.  With less than 100 adult trees known to exist in the wild, the Wollemi Pine is now the focus of extensive research to safeguard its survival.

2) The Skywalker hoolock gibbon or Gaoligong hoolock gibbon is an arboreal primate in the gibbon family, Hylobatidae. It was was discovered in China, first described in January 2017 in the American Journal of Primatology. The discovery highlights the high levels of biodiversity in the region and the need for increased conservation efforts.

3) The Tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis) is a species of orangutan restricted to South Tapanuli in the island of Sumatra in Indonesia. It is one of three known species of orangutan, alongside the Sumatran orangutan (P. abelii), found farther northwest on the island, and the Bornean orangutan (P. pygmaeus). It was described as a distinct species in 2017. As of 2018, there are roughly 800 individuals of this species and it is currently on the critically endangered species list.<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>user
Interesting! What are some other tiniest animals? Specifically, the tiniest amphibia, bird, and mammal, respectively?<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>assistant
The smallest amphibian currently known is a species of frog known as Paedophryne amauensis, or P. amauensis for short. It was discovered in 2012 in Papua New Guinea and measures at just under 8 mm or 0.30 inch, which is about the width of the nail of the human pinky finger. It is also the smallest known vertebrate species.

The smallest known bird species is Mellisuga helenae, also known as the bee hummingbird. It is a species of blue and black hummingbird discovered in Cuba in 1850. It grows to a length of about 6 cm or 2.35 inch, about the size of a mandarin orange. It is listed as near-threatened on the IUCN Red List.

The smallest known species of mammal (by mass) is Suncus etruscus or the Etruscan shrew. This species of shrew was discovered in 1822 and is native to warm and humid climates in various parts of Eurasia and Africa, mainly on both sides of the Mediterranean Sea and north of the Indian Ocean. It is about 4 cm or 1.6 inch in length, or about 7 cm or 2.7 inch if the tail is included.

When measuring by skull size and body length rather than mass, the smallest known mammal would be Craseonycteris thonglongyai or the Kitti's hog-nosed bat, a species of bat that occurs in Thailand and Myanmar. It was discovered in 1974 and reaches a length of about 3 cm or 1.2 inch. It is listed as near-threatened on the IUCN Red List.<|im_end|>