<|im_start|>system
You are a helpful AI assistant.<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>user
can you explain sockets in python with an example? i am a beginner so please use easy to understand language<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>assistant
Sure. In simple words, sockets are a way for two programs to communicate with each other over a network. In Python, you can use the socket module to create sockets and send and receive data.

Here is an example of a simple socket server:
```python
import socket

# Create a socket
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

# Bind the socket to a port
s.bind(("localhost", 8080))

# Listen for incoming connections
s.listen(1)

# Accept an incoming connection
conn, addr = s.accept()

# Receive data from the client
data = conn.recv(1024)

# Send data back to the client
conn.send("Hello, world!".encode())

# Close the connection
conn.close()
```

This server will listen for incoming connections on port 8080. When a client connects, the server will send it the message "Hello, world!". The client can then send a message back to the server, and the server will echo it back.

Here is an example of a simple socket client:
```python
import socket

# Create a socket
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

# Connect to the server
s.connect(("localhost", 8080))

# Send data to the server
s.send("Hello, world!".encode())

# Receive data from the server
data = s.recv(1024)

# Print the data
print(data.decode())

# Close the connection
s.close()
```

This client will connect to the server at port 8080 and send it the message "Hello, world!". The server will echo the message back, and the client will print it.

This is just a simple way of how you can use sockets in Python. There are many other things you can do with sockets, such as creating a chat server or a file transfer program.<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>user
If I only run the second one, i get a 

```
ConnectionRefusedError: [Errno 111] Connection refused
```

Error. Why?<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>assistant
In your situation, the reason for the above mentioned error (ConnectionRefusedError: [Errno 111] Connection refused) is because the second snippet of code's function is to connect to a server that is listening for incoming connections, but you did not execute the first snippet of code so there was no server for the client to connect to when the second snippet of code was executed.

You can resolve the error by first executing the first snippet of code, creating a server that listens on port 8080. Next execute the second snippet of code, establishing a connection to the server and sending the data ("Hello, world!").

I hope this solved your problem!
Feel free to ask me for assistance upon encountering another error.<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>user
Can you make it that IP is 190.168.1.10 and its port is 54321. Also send a message from the Server to the Client when the Client connects.<|im_end|>
<|im_start|>assistant
Certainly! Here's the modified server and client code with the specified IP address, port, and a message sent from the server to the client when the client connects.

Server:

```python
import socket

server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

host = '190.168.1.10'
port = 54321
server_socket.bind((host, port))

server_socket.listen(1)
print("Server is waiting...")

client_socket, addr = server_socket.accept()
print(f"Client connected from {addr}")

message = "Hello from the server!"
client_socket.send(message.encode())

client_socket.close()
server_socket.close()
```

Client: 
```python
import socket

client_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

host = '190.168.1.10'
port = 54321
client_socket.connect((host, port))
print("Connected to server!")

received_message = client_socket.recv(1024).decode()
print(f"Message from server: {received_message}")

client_socket.close()
```

Remember to run the server script first, then run the client script. The server will send the message "Hello from the server!" to the client, which the client will then receive and print.<|im_end|>