Their closed political, administrative and enactment systems were devoid of popular participation, which denied civil society the opportunity to be involved in the shaping of events and outcomes that affect the lives of ordinary people.
政府采用封闭式政治、行政和法律制订体制，不让人民广泛参与，剥夺了民间社会参与塑造社会活动的机会，而其后果则可影响一般民众的生活。