If it is a question of a serious breach of essential obligations to the international community as a whole, the articles would clearly be legitimizing the taking of countermeasures by States other than the directly injured State, either individually or collectively.
如果是一种严重违反对整个国际社会的基本义务的情况，条款草案显然准许直接受损害国以外的国家个别地或集体地采取反措施。