It has been pointed out that the circumstance precluding wrongfulness is the continuation of the wrongful act of the target State which justifies the countermeasure; this refinement is taken into account in the language of article 23.
有人指出解除不法性的情况是目标国继续实施不法行为，因此有理由采取反措施；这一改进点在第23条的措辞中已加以考虑。