Non-invasive procedures (amniocentesis and cardiocentesis) were conducted upon the instruction of a gynecologist when there was suspicion of a congenital or developmental defect, or life-threatening disease of the fetus.
如果怀疑胎儿有先天性缺陷或发育缺陷，或者罹患危及生命的疾病，应在妇科专家的指导下施行非侵袭性程序（羊水诊断和心脏穿刺术）。