The measure of arbitrariness under article 9 is not bounded by the positive law of a State party, much less by a retrospective and onerous change in the laws governing the availability of parole.
第九条所述的任意性尺度不受缔约国现行法的限制，更不受规约是否准予假释的法律作出的追溯性和繁杂修改的限制。