Accordingly, in order for a transfer of property to take place, no act by the parties may substitute for failed delivery, except for those symbolic acts to which the law attributes the same function.
因此，为了进行财产转让，除了法律认为起同样作用的这些象征性行为以外，当事方的任何行为可能都不能代替实际没有交付的行为。