There were few incentives for young people to participate in higher education and training as the system was based on a narrow range of pathways with access to higher education largely confined to an academic elite.
过去对青年参加高等教育和培训，缺乏充分的奖励措施，因为当时教育体系是一条通向高等教育的狭窄通道，局限于学术上的精英人才。