Some judicial functions (protective measures; preliminary examination of review applications; referral of cases; and appeals proceedings) are mainly dealt with in writing and, most of the time, require very few, and possibly no, in-court hearings.
某些司法职能(保护措施、对复审申请的初步审查、案件的移交以及上诉程序)主要以书面形式处理，通常只需要很少或不需要开庭听讯。