Neusatz District
Neusatz District ( or ; ,  from 1853; ; ; ) was one of five administrative districts (originally , modern spelling ; , , from 1853) of the Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar (a crown land within Austrian Empire) from 1850 to 1860. Its administrative center was Neusatz (Serbian: ).

History
The crown land Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar was formed in 1849 and was initially divided into two districts: Batschka-Torontal and Temeschwar-Karasch. In 1850, crown land was divided into five districts and the territory of Batschka-Torontal District was divided among Neusatz District, Zombor District and Großbetschkerek District.

In German the original term used for these subdivisions was  (modern spelling ). In 1851 they were divided into subdivisions called , usually translated as '(political) districts'.

In Bach's reforms from 1853 the  became , a form of administrative division already in use across much of the non-Hungarian part of the Empire since the 18th century. The term , literally 'circle', is also often translated as 'district'. The subdivisions of the  were also called  in German, or  ('office districts', in reference to the  or 'district offices' which ran them) to distinguish them from other types of . The change of name was not superficial – different political, administrative and judicial structures were used in each subdivision type. (See also .)

In 1860, the Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar and its five districts were abolished and the territory of the Neusatz District was divided among Batsch-Bodrog County (part of the Kingdom of Hungary) and Syrmia County (part of the Austrian Kingdom of Slavonia).

Geography
The Neusatz District included parts of southern Bačka and northern Syrmia. It shared borders with the Zombor District in the north, Großbetschkerek District in the north-east, Military Frontier in the south-east and Austrian Kingdom of Slavonia in the west.

Demographics
According to 1850 census, the population of the district numbered 236,943 residents, including:
Serbs = 100,382 (42.37%)
Germans = 45,936 (19.39%)
Hungarians = 30,450 (12.85%)
Slovaks = 20,683 (8.73%)
Šokci = 13,665 (5.77%)
Jews = 2,098 (0.89%)

Subdivisions
In 1851 Neusatz District was subdivided into 5 political districts (), which were structurally akin to the modern districts of Austria (names as defined, modern German in parentheses):
 Neusatz
 Palanka
 Becse (Alt Betsche)
 Illok
 Ruma

The city of Neusatz (Novi Sad) was separate from the political districts; the district which carried its name covered the area around the city, which acted as its seat/capital (i.e. it was a statutory city).

In 1854 Neusatz District (now a ) was subdivided into 5 'office districts' () (names as defined, modern German in parentheses):
 Neusatz
 Alt-Becse (Alt Betsche)
 Palanka (Plankenburg)
 Ruma
 Illok

Cities and towns
Main cities and towns in the district were:
Alt Betsche (Stari Bečej)
Batsch (Bač)
Futok (Futog)
Hodschach (Odžaci)
Illok (Ilok)
India (Inđija)
Irick (Irig)
Neusatz (Novi Sad)
Plankenburg (Palanka)
Ruma (Ruma)
Schid (Šid)
Temeri (Temerin)
Thomasberg (Sentomaš)

Most of the mentioned cities and towns are today in Serbia, while town of Illok (Ilok) is today in Croatia.

See also
History of Novi Sad
Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar

References

Further reading
Dr Saša Kicošev - Dr Drago Njegovan, Razvoj etničke i verske strukture Vojvodine, Novi Sad, 2010.
Dr Drago Njegovan, Prisajedinjenje Vojvodine Srbiji, Novi Sad, 2004.

External links
Map of the District
Map of the District
Map of the District

History of Novi Sad
History of Bačka
History of Syrmia
Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar