Leopold Pfaundler
Leopold Pfaundler von Hadermur (14 February 1839 – 6 May 1920) was an Austrian physicist and chemist born in Innsbruck. He was the father of pediatrician Meinhard von Pfaundler (1872-1947), and the father-in-law of pediatrician Theodor Escherich (1857-1911).

Biography 
He studied under chemist Heinrich Hlasiwetz (1825-1875) at Innsbruck, with Justus von Liebig (1803-1873) at the University of Munich, and with Henri Victor Regnault (1810-1878) and Charles Adolphe Wurtz (1817-1884) in Paris. In 1861 he received his doctorate, and in 1867 was appointed professor of physics at the University of Innsbruck. In 1891 he succeeded Ludwig Boltzmann (1844-1906) as professor of physics at the University of Graz. In 1887 he became a full member of the Vienna Academy of Sciences.

Pfaundler is remembered today for his kinetic-molecular explanation of gas reactions under the condition of equilibrium. He was the inventor of a number of scientific apparatuses — devices he often utilized in classroom demonstrations. These included a temperature regulator (1863), a Stromkalorimeter (1869), a differential air thermometer (1875), a seismograph (1897) and a distance meter (1915), to name a few. He is also credited with creating a device for optical demonstration of Lissajous figures (1873).

In 1863-64 he performed a survey of the Stubaier Alps with Ludwig Barth zu Barthenau (1839-1890), and in 1864 he was the first person to ascend to the summit of the Hofmannspitze (3112m).

Selected written works 
 Die Physik des täglichen Lebens, gemeinverständlich dargestellt (1906).
 Die physik des täglichen Lebens mit 467 Abbildungen (1913).
 Ueber die Wärmekapazität des Wassers und eine Methode den Ort ihres Minimums zu messen (1915).
 Ueber einen neuen Distanzmesser (1915).
 Chronik der Familie Pfaundler von 1486 bis 1915 (1915).
 Die Innsbrucker Studenten-Kompagnie 1859 und 1866 (1917).
 Das chinesisch-japanische GO-Spiel: eine systematische Darstellung und Anleitung zum Spielen desselben.
He also published Müller-Pouillet's Lehrbuch der Physik und Meteorologie ("Johann Heinrich Jakob Müller–Claude Pouillet's textbook of physics and meteorology"), (9th edition, 1886–98, 3 volumes).

Awards and honors
Pfaundler’s 1867 publication entitled “Beiträge zur chemischen Statik” [“A Contribution to Chemical Statics”] was a major contribution to the kinetic theory of chemical reactions. This publication was honored by a Citation for Chemical Breakthrough Award from the Division of History of Chemistry of the American Chemical Society presented to the University of Innsbruck in 2016.

References 

Austrian chemists
19th-century Austrian physicists
1839 births
1920 deaths
Academic staff of the University of Graz
Academic staff of the University of Innsbruck
Scientists from Innsbruck
Chemists from Austria-Hungary
Physicists from Austria-Hungary