Governance is the relationship between a company’s shareholders, board of director and management. This framework aligns the interests of all parties and helps the company succeed in its long-term plans. Corporate governance practices that are effective are founded on principles of transparency, accountability, and responsibility, which will help to build trust with investors customers and employees and foster an environment that is healthy for the company.
A good board of directors consists of of insiders (major shareholders, founders and executives) and independent members with no close connections to the business. Directors from outside bring a new perspective and understanding that can be beneficial in making business decisions. They can also serve as a sounding-board for insiders and give them additional insight and support.
Another crucial aspect of governance is the principle of fairness that requires the company to treat all shareholders, vendors and employees equally. This is achieved through the public disclosure of information, like major decisions as well as financial performance and the outcomes of meetings.
A good board will have a process which allows it to review its effectiveness, as well as the effectiveness of its committees regularly. Surveys or self-evaluations can help achieve this. The board should also evaluate the CEO and senior managers on a continual basis and, if necessary be a part of their evaluations. The board should also establish the conduct standards for committees, members, and the senior management. This will ensure that the leadership of the company as well as its members are accountable for their actions.
Utawala ni uhusiano kati ya wanahisa wa kampuni, bodi ya wakurugenzi na usimamizi. Mfumo huu unalingana na maslahi ya pande zote na husaidia kampuni kufanikiwa katika mipango yake ya muda mrefu. Mazoea ya usimamizi wa ushirika ambayo ni ufanisi yanajengwa juu ya kanuni za uwazi, uwajibikaji, na uwajibikaji, ambayo itasaidia kujenga uaminifu na wawekezaji, wateja na wafanyikazi na kukuza mazingira ambayo ni afya kwa kampuni. Bodi nzuri ya wakurugenzi inajumuisha wa ndani (wamiliki wakuu wa hisa, waanzilishi na watendaji) na wanachama wa kujitegemea ambao hawana uhusiano wa karibu na biashara. Mkurugenzi wa nje huleta mtazamo mpya na uelewa ambao unaweza kuwa na faida katika kufanya maamuzi ya biashara. Wanaweza pia kutumika kama sounding-bodi kwa ajili ya watu wa ndani na kuwapa ufahamu wa ziada na msaada. Sehemu nyingine muhimu ya utawala ni kanuni ya haki ambayo inahitaji kampuni kutibu wanahisa wote, wauzaji na wafanyakazi sawa. Hii inapatikana kupitia ufunuo wa umma wa habari, kama vile maamuzi makubwa na utendaji wa kifedha na matokeo ya mikutano. Bodi nzuri itakuwa na mchakato ambao inaruhusu kuchunguza ufanisi wake, pamoja na ufanisi wa kamati zake mara kwa mara. Uchunguzi au tathmini za kibinafsi zaweza kusaidia kufikia hili. Bodi ya usimamizi inapaswa pia kutathmini Mkurugenzi Mtendaji na wasimamizi wakuu kwa msingi wa kuendelea na, ikiwa ni lazima, kuwa sehemu ya tathmini zao. Bodi inapaswa pia kuanzisha viwango vya mwenendo kwa ajili ya kamati, wanachama, na usimamizi wa juu. Hii itahakikisha kwamba uongozi wa kampuni pamoja na wanachama wake ni kuwajibika kwa vitendo vyao.