Understanding Dyspraxia And Sensory Processing Disorder SPD
Dyspraxia and Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) are two distinct conditions that affect children, adolescents, and adults. Understanding these two conditions may aid in diagnosing and addressing their impacts, which can be debilitating for sufferers. In this article, we will describe the symptoms and effects, as well as potential treatments for Dyspraxia and SPD.
Dyspraxia is a neurological condition that impacts the planning of movement and coordination. In individuals with Dyspraxia, their brain may have difficulty transmitting signals to the muscles, making it difficult to execute certain actions. This can lead to difficulties with:
– Gross motor skills (e.g. running, jumping)
– Fine motor skills (e.g. writing, buttoning a shirt)
– Spatial awareness
– Timing and sequencing of movements
– Organizational skills
Dyspraxia can vary in its severity and manifestation. In some cases, it may be mild and not significantly impact an individual’s daily life. In other cases, it may be debilitating and require significant accommodation.
Symptoms of Dyspraxia
The symptoms of Dyspraxia may vary from person to person but often present as:
– Delayed milestones (e.g. late to crawl, late to walk)
– Difficulty with handwriting
– Sensory sensitivities
– Difficulty with dressing and grooming
– Difficulty with team sports
– Difficulty with following spoken and written directions
– Difficulty with time management
How Dyspraxia is Diagnosed
A diagnosis of Dyspraxia is typically made by a healthcare professional, such as a neurologist or occupational therapist. The diagnostic process may include a physical examination, evaluation of developmental milestones, and an assessment of motor skills.
Treatments for Dyspraxia
While there is no cure for Dyspraxia, there are treatments that can help manage the symptoms. Occupational therapy is often used to improve motor skills, coordination, and organizational abilities. Speech-language therapy may also be used to address language and communication concerns that may be associated with Dyspraxia.
Understanding Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD)
Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) is a condition in which the brain has difficulty processing and interpreting information from the senses (touch, sound, smell, taste, sight). Individuals with SPD may have difficulty regulating their responses to sensory input, leading to over or under-responsiveness. This can impact their ability to participate in daily activities and may result in anxiety or meltdowns.
Symptoms of SPD
The symptoms of SPD are often specific to the type of sensory input that is impacting the individual. For example:
– Over-responsiveness to touch may result in discomfort with certain fabrics, textures, or movements.
– Over-responsiveness to sound may result in a sensitivity to loud noises or difficulty filtering background noise.
– Over-responsiveness to smell may result in discomfort with certain scents or odors.
– Over-responsiveness to taste may result in a limited food repertoire or difficulty trying new foods.
– Over-responsiveness to sight may result in discomfort with bright lights or crowded visual environments.
Under-responsiveness may lead to a lack of awareness of dangerous situations or excessive risk-taking behavior.
How SPD is Diagnosed
SPD is not yet a formal diagnosis in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM), but may be diagnosed by occupational therapists or other healthcare professionals who evaluate sensory processing abilities. The diagnostic process may involve interviews with the individual and their family, as well as direct observation of their sensory responses.
Treatments for SPD
There is no cure for SPD, but treatments can help improve an individual’s ability to participate in daily activities. Occupational therapy is often used to address sensory integration concerns and to provide strategies to manage sensory sensitivities. Sensory diets, which involve specific movement or sensory activities at specific intervals throughout the day, may also be used to regulate sensory input and improve an individual’s ability to function in their environment.
Dyspraxia and SPD are two neurological conditions that can significantly impact an individual’s daily life. While there is no cure for either condition, treatments such as occupational therapy can help manage symptoms and provide strategies to improve an individual’s ability to participate in daily activities. It is important to seek a professional assessment if you believe you or someone you know may be experiencing symptoms of Dyspraxia or SPD. With the right diagnosis and treatment plan, individuals with these conditions can learn to manage their symptoms and improve their quality of life.
FAQs About Understanding Dyspraxia and Sensory Processing Disorder SPD
What is Dyspraxia?
Dyspraxia is a developmental disorder that affects coordination and motor skills. People with dyspraxia may struggle with activities that require physical coordination or understanding directions. It is not related to intelligence, but it may affect academic performance, as tasks like writing and typing can be challenging.
What is Sensory Processing Disorder SPD?
Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) is a condition that affects how the brain processes sensory information. People with SPD may be hypersensitive or hyposensitive to different sensory inputs, such as touch, sound, and smell. This can make everyday activities difficult or overwhelming, and may lead to anxiety or other behavioural issues.
How are Dyspraxia and SPD Related?
Dyspraxia and SPD may co-occur, as both conditions involve difficulties with sensory processing. For example, a child with dyspraxia may struggle with fine motor skills like handwriting because they have trouble processing tactile information. Understanding the overlap between these conditions can help parents and caregivers provide targeted support for children who are struggling.
1. American Occupational Therapy Association. (2020). Sensory integration and processing. In Occupational therapy practice framework: Domain and process (4th ed.). https://ota.org/Practice/otp/domain-and-process/ot-practice-framework-domain-and-process-4th-edition/sensory-integration-and-processing/
2. Ayres, A. J. (1972). Sensory integration and learning disorders. Western Psychological Services.
3. Polatajko, H. J., & Mandich, A. (2004). Enabling occupation in children: The cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance (CO-OP) approach. CAOT Publications ACE.
Dyspraxia na Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) ni hali mbili tofauti ambazo huathiri watoto, vijana, na watu wazima. Kuelewa hali hizi mbili kunaweza kusaidia katika kugundua na kushughulikia athari zao, ambazo zinaweza kuwa dhaifu kwa wagonjwa. Katika makala hii, tutaelezea dalili na athari, pamoja na matibabu ya uwezekano kwa Dyspraxia na SPD. Dyspraxia ni hali ya neva ambayo huathiri mipango ya harakati na uratibu. Katika watu walio na dyspraxia, ubongo wao unaweza kuwa na ugumu wa kupitisha ishara kwa misuli, na kufanya iwe vigumu kutekeleza vitendo fulani. Hii inaweza kusababisha matatizo na:  Gross ujuzi wa motor (kwa mfano kukimbia, kuruka)  ujuzi wa magari mazuri (kwa mfano kuandika, buttoning shati)  ufahamu wa nafasi  wakati na mfululizo wa harakati  ustadi wa shirika Dyspraxia inaweza kutofautiana katika ukali wake na maonyesho. Katika visa fulani, inaweza kuwa ya upole na haina athari kubwa kwa maisha ya kila siku ya mtu. Katika visa vingine, huenda ikawa yenye kudhoofisha na kuhitaji marekebisho makubwa. Dalili za Dyspraxia: Dalili za Dyspraxia zinaweza kutofautiana kutoka kwa mtu mmoja hadi mwingine, lakini mara nyingi huonekana kama: "Kutembea kwa kuchelewa, kuchelewa kutembea, ""Dyspraxia"" ni ugonjwa wa kawaida unaoweza kuambukizwa na daktari wa afya, kama vile neurologist au mtaalamu wa matibabu ya kazi." Utaratibu wa kugundua ugonjwa huo waweza kutia ndani uchunguzi wa kimwili, kutathmini hatua za ukuzi, na kutathmini ustadi wa utendaji wa mwili. Matibabu ya Dyspraxia Ingawa hakuna tiba ya Dyspraxia, kuna matibabu ambayo yanaweza kusaidia kudhibiti dalili. Mara nyingi tiba ya kazi hutumiwa kuboresha ustadi wa utendaji wa mwili, utaratibu, na uwezo wa kupanga mambo. Tiba ya usemi-lugha yaweza pia kutumiwa kushughulikia matatizo ya lugha na mawasiliano ambayo yaweza kuhusishwa na Dyspraxia. Ugonjwa wa Utaratibu wa Hisia (SPD) ni hali ambayo ubongo una shida ya kusindika na kutafsiri habari kutoka kwa hisia (kuwasiliana, sauti, harufu, ladha, na kuona). Watu walio na SPD wanaweza kuwa na ugumu wa kudhibiti majibu yao kwa pembejeo ya hisia, na kusababisha majibu ya juu au chini. Hii inaweza kuathiri uwezo wao wa kushiriki katika shughuli za kila siku na inaweza kusababisha wasiwasi au meltdowns. Dalili za SPD ni tofauti na dalili za kawaida za hisia ambazo zinamgusa mtu. Kwa mfano: <unk> Kujibu sana kugusa kwaweza kusababisha usumbufu kwa vitambaa fulani, muundo, au mwendo. <unk> Uwezo wa kupita kiasi wa kujibu sauti waweza kusababisha hisia kwa kelele kubwa au ugumu wa kuchuja kelele za nyuma.  Kuitikia harufu kupita kiasi kwaweza kusababisha usumbufu kwa harufu au harufu fulani.  Kujibu kupita kiasi kwa ladha yaweza kusababisha orodha ndogo ya vyakula au ugumu wa kujaribu vyakula vipya. <unk> Kujibu kupita kiasi kwa macho kwaweza kusababisha usumbufu kwa taa zenye kung'aa au mazingira ya kuona yenye umati wa watu. Kutokuwa na mwitikio wa kutosha kwaweza kusababisha ukosefu wa ufahamu wa hali hatari au tabia ya kuchukua hatari kupita kiasi. SPD bado haijagunduliwa rasmi katika Daftari la Utambuzi na Takwimu (DSM), lakini inaweza kugunduliwa na wataalamu wa matibabu ya kazi au wataalamu wengine wa huduma za afya ambao wanathamini uwezo wa usindikaji wa hisia. Utaratibu wa kugundua ugonjwa huo waweza kuhusisha kuhoji mtu huyo na familia yake, na pia kuchunguza moja kwa moja majibu yao ya hisi. Matibabu ya SPD Hakuna tiba ya SPD, lakini matibabu yanaweza kusaidia kuboresha uwezo wa mtu kushiriki katika shughuli za kila siku. Tiba ya kazi mara nyingi hutumiwa kushughulikia wasiwasi wa ushirikiano wa hisia na kutoa mikakati ya kusimamia unyeti wa hisia. Chakula cha hisia, ambacho kinahusisha harakati maalum au shughuli za hisia katika vipindi maalum wakati wa siku, pia kinaweza kutumiwa kudhibiti pembejeo ya hisia na kuboresha uwezo wa mtu wa kufanya kazi katika mazingira yao. Dyspraxia na SPD ni hali mbili za neva ambazo zinaweza kuathiri sana maisha ya kila siku ya mtu. Ingawa hakuna tiba ya hali yoyote, matibabu kama vile tiba ya kazi inaweza kusaidia kusimamia dalili na kutoa mikakati ya kuboresha uwezo wa mtu kushiriki katika shughuli za kila siku. Ni muhimu kutafuta tathmini ya kitaaluma ikiwa unaamini wewe au mtu unayemjua anaweza kuwa na dalili za dyspraxia au SPD. Kwa utambuzi sahihi na mpango wa matibabu, watu walio na hali hizi wanaweza kujifunza kusimamia dalili zao na kuboresha ubora wa maisha yao. Ugonjwa wa Dyspraxia na Ugonjwa wa Usindikaji wa Sensory (SPD) Dyspraxia ni ugonjwa wa ukuzi ambao huathiri utaratibu na ustadi wa magari. Watu wenye dyspraxia wanaweza kuwa na ugumu wa kufanya mambo yanayohitaji kuratibu mwili au kuelewa mwelekeo. Hii haihusiani na akili, lakini inaweza kuathiri utendaji wa kitaaluma, kwani kazi kama kuandika na kuandika zinaweza kuwa changamoto. Ugonjwa wa Usindikaji wa Hisia (SPD) Ugonjwa wa Usindikaji wa Sensory (SPD) ni hali ambayo huathiri jinsi ubongo unavyofanya kazi na habari za hisia. Watu walio na SPD wanaweza kuwa na hypersensitivity au hyposensitivity kwa pembejeo tofauti za hisia, kama vile kugusa, sauti, na harufu. Hii inaweza kufanya shughuli za kila siku ngumu au overwhelming, na inaweza kusababisha wasiwasi au masuala mengine ya tabia. Dyspraxia na SPD zinahusianaje? Dyspraxia na SPD zinaweza kutokea kwa wakati mmoja, kwani hali zote mbili zinahusisha ugumu wa usindikaji wa hisia. Kwa mfano, mtoto mwenye dyspraxia anaweza kuwa na matatizo ya ujuzi wa mwendo mzuri kama vile kuandika kwa mkono kwa sababu ana matatizo ya kuchanganua habari zinazoguswa. Kuelewa kuingiliana kati ya hali hizi kunaweza kusaidia wazazi na watunzaji kutoa msaada wa lengo kwa watoto ambao wanashindana. 1. Uwe na mtazamo wa kweli Chama cha Tiba ya Kazi cha Marekani. (2020). Ushirikiano wa hisia na usindikaji. Katika mfumo wa mazoezi ya tiba ya kazi: Domain na mchakato (4th ed.). "Kupitia ""Domain-and-Process"" (D&P) na ""Domain-and-Process"" (D&P) (D&P) (D&P) na ""Domain-and-Process"" (D&P) (D&P) (D&P) na ""D&P"") na ""D&P" (D&P) (D&P) na ""D&P"") na ""D&P (D&P) (D&P) na ""D&P" Ayres, A. J. (1972) Uunganisho wa hisia na matatizo ya kujifunza. Huduma za Saikolojia za Magharibi. 3. Uwe na mtazamo wa kweli Polatajko, H. J., na Mandich, A. (2004). Kuwezesha kazi katika watoto: Mwelekeo wa utambuzi kwa utendaji wa kazi ya kila siku (CO-OP) mbinu. CAOTA Publications (CHAOTA)