The gut microbiota plays an important role for humans in both health and disease. It is therefore important to understand how and to what extent choice of diet may influence the microbial community and the effects this has on the host. The variation in the normal human gut microbiota may however impede the discovery of correlations between dietary changes and compositional shifts in the microbiota by masking such effects. Although specific functional food ingredients, such as prebiotics, are known to have measurable effects on e.g. abundance of bifidobacteria, it is nevertheless clear that induced shifts in gut microbiota show large inter-individual variations. It thus seems plausible that knowing the microbiota composition could facilitate predictions as to how the community will react to dietary interventions thus moving towards some degree of personalised dietary recommendations. During a 6-month randomised, controlled dietary intervention following either the New Nordic Diet recommendations or Average Danish Diet (n=62) almost no significant differences in the gut microbiota composition caused by the different diets were observed using qPCR analysis of 33 selected bacterial groups. By stratifying subjects into two enterotypes, distinguished simply by the Prevotella/Bacteroides ratio (P/B), we were however able to detect several significant changes in the gut microbiota composition resulting from the intervention. The enterotypes were found to be stable during this 6 month study and furthermore we have observed in another study, that the fecal microbiota seems to group by P/B ratio during the first 3 years of life. The use of P/B to distinguish enterotypes appears to be a simple approach to stratify individuals, which may be useful to assess the effect of diets and other treatments on the gut microbiota.
|Number of pages
|Published - 2013
|8th Danish Conference on Biotechnology and Molecular Biology: Food Biotechnology and Nutigenomics - Vejle, Denmark
Duration: 30 May 2013 → 31 May 2013
Conference number: 8
|8th Danish Conference on Biotechnology and Molecular Biology
|30/05/2013 → 31/05/2013
Viumbe wa ndani wa matumbo hutimiza fungu muhimu kwa wanadamu katika afya na magonjwa. Kwa hiyo, ni muhimu kuelewa jinsi na kwa kiwango gani uchaguzi wa chakula unaweza kuathiri jamii ya vimelea na athari hii ina juu ya mwenyeji. Tofauti katika microbiota ya kawaida ya matumbo ya binadamu inaweza hata hivyo kuzuia ugunduzi wa uhusiano kati ya mabadiliko ya lishe na mabadiliko ya muundo katika microbiota kwa kuficha athari kama hizo. Ingawa viungo maalum vya chakula, kama vile prebiotics, vinajulikana kuwa na athari za kupimwa kwa mfano: Kwa sababu ya idadi kubwa ya bifidobacteria, ni wazi kwamba mabadiliko ya kuchochewa katika microbiota ya matumbo yanaonyesha tofauti kubwa kati ya watu. Kwa hivyo inaonekana kuwa kugundua muundo wa microbiota inaweza kuwezesha utabiri wa jinsi jamii itavyoitikia uingiliaji wa lishe, na hivyo kusonga kuelekea kiwango fulani cha mapendekezo ya lishe ya kibinafsi. Katika uchunguzi wa miezi sita uliofanywa kwa randomized, ulioongozwa na mlo wa chakula, ukifuata mapendekezo ya New Nordic Diet au Mlo wa Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango cha Kiwango. Kwa kugawanya wagonjwa katika aina mbili za enterotypes, tofauti tu na uwiano wa Prevotella-Bacteroid (P-B), tulikuwa na uwezo wa kugundua mabadiliko kadhaa muhimu katika muundo wa microbiota ya matumbo kutokana na uingiliaji. Enterotypes walikuwa imara katika utafiti huu wa miezi sita na zaidi ya hayo, tumeona katika utafiti mwingine, kwamba fecal microbiota inaonekana kundi kwa uwiano P: B katika miaka mitatu ya kwanza ya maisha. Kutumia P & B kutofautisha enterotypes inaonekana kuwa mbinu rahisi ya stratify watu binafsi, ambayo inaweza kuwa na manufaa kwa kutathmini athari za mlo na matibabu mengine juu ya gut microbiota. Mkutano wa 8 wa Denmark juu ya Bioteknolojia na Biolojia ya Molekuli: Bioteknolojia ya Chakula na Nuagenomics - Vejle, Denmark Muda: 30 Mei 2013 - 31 Mei 2013 Nambari ya Mkutano: 8 Mkutano wa 8 wa Denmark juu ya Bioteknolojia na Biolojia ya Molekuli