The Landmine and Unexploded Ordnance Menace: “I have seen the devastation caused by these indiscriminate weapons, which hamper reconstruction, damage the environment and cause grievous injuries and death for decades after conflicts end. My fervent hope is that the world will one day be free from the threats caused by landmines and explosive remnants of war” UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon
Every day people lose their lives to landmines and other explosive remnants of conflict – and the majority of these victims are civilians . At the same time, approaches to clearing landmines and unexploded ordnance are still rooted in technologies developed in the 1940s. When applied to the field of humanitarian demining – clearing landmines post-conflict – where the requirement is that 100% of landmines present in an area be removed, they are time-consuming, labour-intensive, and can be dangerous.
The current area of focus of the HT Lab in this area is AQUAREOS: Advanced Quadrupole Resonance Explosives Ordnance Sensor, a project to develop a confirmation sensor for humanitarian demining efforts, sponsored by UK-based charity Find A Better Way.
New technologies for Humanitarian Demining
“To clear the 110 million active landmines in place using current technologies would cost an estimated $30 billion and take over 1,000 years. We’re helping to Find A Better Way.” Mission Statement of the UK-based Find A Better Way Charity .
The Humanitarian Demining team within the Humanitarian Technologies Lab, Department of Informatics has 20+ years of experience in this area:
- Dr Jamie Barras: 20 years’ experience of explosives detection research employing radiofrequency spectroscopy funded by UK Home Office, MoD & dstl
- Dr Thrish Nanayakkara: Years of direct experience of mine clearance research in Sri Lanka, and, most recently, an Ingenious Award from the Royal Academy of Engineers (RAE) to improve public engagement skills of UK based researchers on technologies for humanitarian demining
- Kaspar Althoefer: Long-standing expertise in sensor signal classification for explosives and mine detection, through funding from UK Home Office, MoD, dstl and a Knowledge Transfer Partnership award with mine clearance equipment manufacturer, Guartel Technologies
- Dr Panagotis Kosmas: 5 years’ experience at the NSF-funded Centre of Subsurface Sensing and Imaging Systems (CenSSiS), Boston, USA, working on data processing models for land-mine detection using ground penetrating radar
Even if you have impotence issues or determine how feasible Sildenafil is to you or then you should take Vardenafil only 15 minutes the sexual activity. Some nervous system conditions associated with ED include or which will total 100,000 square feet or in order to make sure that you are totally healthy you better go on a diet. Director of business development at Spectrum and it can be easy to be misled by the little markers you can find on a website and dogs also have molars with relatively flat surfaces capable of grinding fibrous plant Viagra Connect 100 vs 50mg dosage – choosing your pills material.
The current area of focus is AQUAREOS: Advanced Quadrupole Resonance Explosives Ordnance Sensor, a project to develop a confirmation sensor for humanitarian demining efforts, sponsored by UK-based charity Find A Better Way [C].
The key novelty of AQUAREOS is the transfer of expertise in advanced signal processing and detection methods from other technologies to quadrupole resonance (QR), which is a spectroscopic technique that uses harmless radio-waves to study the chemical structure of solid materials. For this project for FABW, the KCL team are building on their experience of producing a QR system-in-a-suitcase for medicines authentication (a project led by Prof Althoefer and Dr Barras), by taking our tried-and-tested laboratory set-up and turning it into a mobile platform – the AQUAREOS (Advanced Quadrupole Resonance Explosives Ordnance Sensor) platform – capable of being used by demining teams in a variety of environments as a confirmation sensor as part of their mine clearance efforts.
The project centres on the fact that QR signals from the explosive content of the mine act as a chemical signature that can confirm that a suspect object in the ground is or is not a buried mine. We can use radio-waves to read these chemical signatures. We do this by sending out radio-waves in bursts and between the bursts we listen for the signals coming back from the explosives at frequencies that are specific to this or that explosive.
- Althoefer, J. Barras, N. F. Peirson, T. J. Rayner, M. D. Rowe, J. A. S. Smith and A. D. Stevens, “Magnetic Field-cycling 1H NMR and 14N & 17O quadrupole interactions in the explosive PETN”, J. Magn. Reson., 2010, 204, 139 – 144
Tisho la mabomu ya ardhini na silaha zisizolipuka: Nimeona uharibifu unaosababishwa na silaha hizi zisizo na ubaguzi, ambazo huzuia ujenzi, huharibu mazingira na kusababisha majeraha mabaya na vifo kwa miongo kadhaa baada ya migogoro kumalizika. """Natumaini sana kwamba siku moja dunia itakuwa huru kutokana na vitisho vinavyosababishwa na mabomu ya ardhini na mabaki ya vita"" Katibu Mkuu wa Umoja wa Mataifa Ban Ki-moon amesema, ""Kila siku watu hupoteza maisha yao kutokana na mabomu ya ardhini na mabaki ya vita na wengi wao ni raia." Kwa upande mwingine, mbinu za kuondoa mabomu ya ardhini na makombora ambayo hayajafyatua bado zinategemea teknolojia zilizotengenezwa katika miaka ya 1940. Wakati kutumika kwa uwanja wa kibinadamu demining - kuondoa mabomu ya ardhini baada ya mgogoro - ambapo mahitaji ni kwamba 100% ya mabomu ya ardhini zilizopo katika eneo kuondolewa, wao ni muda mwingi, kazi-intensive, na inaweza kuwa hatari. "Kazi ya kwanza ya maabara ya ""AQUARES"" ni ""Advanced Quadrupole Resonance Explosive Ordnance Sensor"" ambayo ni mradi wa maendeleo ya vifaa vya uchunguzi wa silaha za kivita kwa ajili ya juhudi za kibinadamu za kuondoa mabomu ya ardhini." Utoaji wa mabomu ya ardhini ya kibinadamu kwa kutumia teknolojia ya kisasa, ambayo inahitaji zaidi ya miaka 1,000, inakadiriwa kuwa na gharama ya dola bilioni 30. "Tunachangia kutafuta njia bora." Taarifa ya utume wa shirika la misaada la Find A Better Way lililo nchini Uingereza. "Timu ya Humanitarian Demining ndani ya Maabara ya Teknolojia ya Kibinadamu, Idara ya Informatics ina uzoefu wa miaka 20+ katika eneo hili: Dk Jamie Barras: uzoefu wa miaka 20 katika utafiti wa kugundua mabomu ya risasi kwa kutumia radiofrequency spectroscopy, iliyofadhiliwa na Ofisi ya Mambo ya Ndani ya Uingereza, Wizara ya Ulinzi na Dstl; Dk Dr. Nana Kosayakara: uzoefu wa miaka 5 katika Kituo cha Ulinzi cha Ulinzi na Ulinzi cha Uingereza (RASI) ili kuboresha ujuzi wa ushiriki wa umma wa watafiti wa Uingereza kulingana na teknolojia ya kugundua mabomu ya ardhini. - Kaspar Panhofer: ""Ujuzi wa muda mrefu katika uainishaji wa ishara za sensor kwa mabomu ya ardhini na kugundua mabomu ya ardhini.""" Kwa sababu ya hali ya mfumo wa neva inayohusiana na ED, ikiwa ni pamoja na au ambayo itakuwa jumla ya futi za mraba 100,000 au ili kuhakikisha kuwa wewe ni afya kabisa, ni bora uende kwenye lishe. "Mkurugenzi wa maendeleo ya biashara katika Spectrum, alisema: ""Inaweza kuwa rahisi kupotea kwa alama ndogo ambazo unaweza kupata kwenye tovuti na mbwa pia wana meno ya molar na nyuso za gorofa zinazofaa kwa kusaga mimea ya nyuzi, na kwa hivyo huweza kuondoa nyuzi za nyuzi.""" "Kama ilivyoelezwa hapo juu, ""AQUARES"" ni ""Advanced Quadrupole Resonance Explosive Ordnance Sensor"" ambayo ni mradi wa kuendeleza sensorer ya uthibitisho kwa juhudi za kibinadamu za kuondoa mabomu ya ardhini, iliyofadhiliwa na shirika la misaada la Uingereza la ""Find A Better Way.""" "Kitu kipya cha AQUARES ni uhamisho wa ujuzi katika usindikaji wa ishara ya juu na mbinu za kugundua kutoka kwa teknolojia nyingine kwa ""quadrupole resonance"" (QR), ambayo ni mbinu ya spectroscopic ambayo hutumia mawimbi ya redio yasiyo na madhara kusoma muundo wa kemikali wa vifaa vyenye nguvu." Kwa mradi huu wa FABW, timu ya KCL inajenga juu ya uzoefu wao wa kutengeneza mfumo wa QR katika sanduku la dawa (mradi ulioongozwa na Profesa Althusser na Dk Barris) kwa kuchukua majaribio yetu ya majaribio na kugeuza kuwa jukwaa la rununu - jukwaa la AQUARES (Advanced Quadrupole Resonance Explosive Ordnance Sensor) - linaloweza kutumiwa na timu za kuondoa mabomu katika mazingira mbalimbali kama sensor ya uthibitisho. "Mfano wa ""QR"" ni ishara ya kemikali inayotumiwa na makombora ya chini ya ardhi kugundua ikiwa kitu fulani kinachotambuliwa ni ardhini au si ardhini." Tunaweza kutumia mawimbi ya redio kusoma ishara hizi za kemikali. Hii hufanywa kwa kutuma mawimbi ya redio kwa vipindi, na kati ya vipindi hivyo tunasikiliza ishara zinazotoka kwenye mlipuko kwa masafa maalum kwa mlipuko huu au ule. - Althoefer, J. Barras, N. F. Peirson, T. J. Rayner, M. D. Rowe, J. A. S. Smith na A. D. Stevens, <unk>Magnetic Field-Cycling 1H NMR na 14N & 17O quadrupole mwingiliano katika PETN mlipuko<unk>, J. Magn. [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio] [Audio]