Introduction The Cañete River watershed located in the central Peruvian Andes, is undergoing hydrological changes due to global rising temperatures, landuse changes and increased water supply demand. At the river’s source in the ice-covered mountains at 5,800 m.a.s.l., changes in the landscape are evident given the ever receding snow covered ground. According to aerial photographs of the snowcap mountains, out of the 16 snow peaks that existed in 1962, only 11 remained in 1990 (Cementos Lima S.A.). Exacerbating this situation are the changes in land use occurring at the upper and middle watershed. The watershed’s natural habitat functions as a sponge, retaining much of the water that melts from the glaciers or that falls as precipitation (Wiegers et al., 1999). In addition, lakes, puddles, springs and creeks create a water holding network that transports and slows down water losses along the elevation gradient. Yet, changes in ecosystem dynamics affect the water holding capacity of the watershed, leading to more erratic water flows with longer dry periods and flush events.
Autores y editores
To reduce hunger and poverty, and improve human nutrition in the tropics through research aimed at increasing the eco-efficiency of agriculture.
CIAT’s staff includes about 200 scientists. Supported by a wide array of donors, the Center collaborates with hundreds of partners to conduct high-quality research and translate the results into development impact. A Board of Trustees provides oversight of CIAT’s research and financial management.
CRC Press is a premier global publisher of science, technology, and medical resources. We offer unique, trusted content by expert authors, spreading knowledge and promoting discovery worldwide. We aim to broaden thinking and advance understanding in the sciences, providing researchers, academics, professionals, and students with the tools they need to share ideas and realize their potential.
CRC Press is a member of Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business.
Proveedor de datos
CGIAR is the only worldwide partnership addressing agricultural research for development, whose work contributes to the global effort to tackle poverty, hunger and major nutrition imbalances, and environmental degradation.
Mto wa Cañete, ulio katikati ya Andes ya Peru, unapitia mabadiliko ya maji kutokana na ongezeko la joto duniani, mabadiliko ya matumizi ya ardhi na kuongezeka kwa mahitaji ya maji. Mto huo unatokea kwenye milima iliyofunikwa na barafu kwenye urefu wa mita 5,800 juu ya usawa wa ardhi, na mabadiliko ya mandhari ya mto huo yanaonekana kwa sababu ya theluji inayopungua. Kwa mujibu wa picha za angani za milima ya theluji, kati ya milima 16 ya theluji iliyokuwapo mwaka 1962, 11 tu ilibaki mwaka wa 1990 (Cementos Lima S.A.). Hali hiyo inaendelea kuwa mbaya zaidi kwa sababu ya mabadiliko katika matumizi ya ardhi yanayotokea katika eneo la juu na la kati la maji. Mimea ya asili ya mto huo hufanya kazi kama sifongo, ikidumisha maji mengi ambayo huyeyuka kutoka kwa barafu au ambayo huanguka kama mvua (Wiegers et al., 1999). Kwa kuongezea, maziwa, vidimbwi, chemchemi na vijito huunda mtandao wa kuhifadhi maji ambao husafirisha na kupunguza upotezaji wa maji kando ya mwinuko wa urefu. Hata hivyo, mabadiliko katika mienendo ya mazingira huathiri uwezo wa kuhifadhi maji ya bonde la maji, na kusababisha mtiririko wa maji usio wa kawaida na vipindi vya muda mrefu vya ukame na matukio ya kuvuja. Kuondoa njaa na umaskini, na kuboresha lishe ya binadamu katika maeneo ya kitropiki kupitia utafiti unaolenga kuongeza ufanisi wa mazingira wa kilimo. Wafanyakazi wa CIAT ni pamoja na wanasayansi karibu 200. Kwa msaada wa watoaji mbalimbali, Kituo hicho kinafanya kazi na mamia ya washirika kufanya utafiti wa hali ya juu na kutafsiri matokeo katika athari za maendeleo. Bodi ya Wadhamini hutoa usimamizi wa utafiti wa CIAT na usimamizi wa kifedha. CRC Press ni mchapishaji wa kimataifa wa kwanza wa sayansi, teknolojia, na rasilimali za matibabu. Tunatoa maudhui ya kipekee, ya kuaminika na waandishi wa wataalamu, kueneza maarifa na kukuza ugunduzi ulimwenguni kote. Lengo letu ni kupanua mawazo na kuendeleza uelewa katika sayansi, kutoa watafiti, wasomi, wataalamu na wanafunzi na zana wanahitaji kushiriki mawazo na kutambua uwezo wao. CRC Press ni mwanachama wa Taylor & Francis Group, biashara ya habari. CGIAR ni ushirikiano pekee ulimwenguni unaoshughulikia utafiti wa kilimo kwa ajili ya maendeleo, ambao kazi yake inachangia juhudi za kimataifa za kukabiliana na umaskini, njaa na ukosefu mkubwa wa usawa wa lishe, na uharibifu wa mazingira.