The story of Valois Burgundy is one of the most exciting of the Late Middle Ages. The four Valois Dukes of Burgundy used political intrigue, calculated splendor, economic power, and good old-fashioned violence to forge a state out of the many Duchies and Counties between France and the Holy Roman Empire. During Burgundy’s height its Dukes were seen by many as the equals of Kings and Emperors and their court was at the center of Western Europe’s cultural and political development. And then it all fell apart. Please join me as I explore the history and legacy of this forgotten kingdom.
Throughout the later Middle Ages, the County of Holland was consumed by partisan fighting. These factions, the Hooks and Cods, arose from a power struggle between Margaret of Avesnes and her son William I of Bavaria. The fight between mother and son would only last a few years, but the factional strife would continue for over a century.
Time Period Covered: 1299 – 1417
Notable People: John II of Avesnes, William II of Avesnes, Margaret of Avesnes, William I of Bavaria, Jan Van Arkel Bishop of Utrecht, Albert of Bavaria, William II of Bavaria, Jan V Van Arkel
Notable Events: Bavarian Inheritance of Hainault-Holland-Zeeland, Formation of the Hook and Cod factions, The Hook and Cod Wars, The Arkel War
Christine de Pizan was the favorite court writer of many of the most important Lords and Ladies of France in the early 1400s. She started her career writing Love Poetry before expanding to writing treatises on Politics, History, Gender, and Theology. In this episode I’ll trace her political thought as the Armagnac-Burgundian civil war rages by focusing on three of her writings: The Book of the Body Politic, The Lament on the Evils of Civil War, and The Book of Peace.
Check out this episode’s page on granddukesofthewest.com for a list of my sources and to read De Pizan’s writings for yourself.
Hadithi ya Valois Burgundy ni mojawapo ya hadithi zenye kusisimua zaidi za mwishoni mwa Enzi za Kati. Wafalme wanne wa Valois wa Burgundy walitumia ujanja wa kisiasa, utajiri uliopangwa, nguvu za kiuchumi, na jeuri ya zamani ili kuunda serikali kutoka kwa Duchies na Counties nyingi kati ya Ufaransa na Milki Takatifu ya Kirumi. Wakati wa kilele cha Burgundy, Dukes wake walionwa na wengi kama sawa na Wafalme na Mafalme na mahakama yao ilikuwa katikati ya maendeleo ya kitamaduni na kisiasa ya Ulaya Magharibi. Kisha mambo yakaanza kuharibika. Tafadhali jiunge nami ninapochunguza historia na urithi wa ufalme huu uliosahaulika. Katika kipindi chote cha mwisho cha Enzi za Kati, Kaunti ya Uholanzi ilitumiwa na mapigano ya wapiganaji. Vikundi hivyo, Hooks na Cods, vilitokana na mapambano ya nguvu kati ya Margaret wa Avesnes na mwanawe William wa Kwanza wa Bavaria. Mapigano kati ya mama na mwana yaliendelea kwa miaka michache tu, lakini mapigano ya vikundi yaliendelea kwa zaidi ya karne moja. "Wakati wa vita vya Avesnes, William II wa Bavaria, John II wa Avesnes, na Margaret wa Avesnes, William I wa Bavaria, na John Van Arkel, walipata ""mfalme wa kwanza wa Ufaransa"" na ""mfalme wa kwanza wa Ufaransa"" na ""mfalme wa kwanza wa Ufaransa"" na ""mfalme wa kwanza wa Bavaria"" na ""mfalme wa kwanza wa Ufaransa"" na ""mfalme wa kwanza wa Bavaria"" na ""mfalme wa Bavaria.""" Alianza kazi yake kuandika Ushairi wa Upendo kabla ya kupanua kuandika maandishi juu ya Siasa, Historia, Jinsia, na Theolojia. Katika kipindi hiki nitafuatilia mawazo yake ya kisiasa wakati vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe vya Armagnac-Burgundian vinapozidi kuongezeka kwa kuzingatia maandishi yake matatu: Kitabu cha Siasa ya Mwili, Maombolezo juu ya Uovu wa Vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe, na Kitabu cha Amani. Angalia ukurasa wa kipindi hiki kwenye granddukesofthewest.com kwa orodha ya vyanzo vyangu na kusoma maandishi ya De Pizan mwenyewe.