Types of Transcription in Qualitative Research
Transcription in Qualitative Research:
The level of transcription is always decided by the original researcher or research team and is dependent on the objectives set for the data. Transcription-level decisions are often influenced by the resources available.
Types of Transcription:
1. Gisted/Summary Transcription: Interview recordings are represented in written form only roughly, by listing or summarising main topics. Direct quotations or parts of speech are only rarely written down. Interpretation plays a big role in this kind of transcription because it is the transcriber who decides which parts are worth transcription.
2. Basic-level Transcription: Will produce a verbatim (exact) transcription of utterances but leaves out repeats, cut-offs of words and sentences, filters, and non-lexical sounds. Utterances clearly not in context can also be left out. In addition to speech, significant expressions of emotion are incorporated. Basic-level transcription can be used when the main focus is analyzing the content of speech. This is the minimum transcription level for data sharing and archiving.
3. Exact Transcription: All speech is transcribed, nothing is left out. Transcription is a verbatim, word-for-word replication of verbal data using the most common standardized notation symbols. Filters, repeats, cut-offs of words, and non-lexical sounds are incorporated in the transcription, as well as the expression of emotion and emphasis or stress. Timed pauses and possible background noises and other disturbances are noted.
Exact transcription is often used when there is the intention to analyze expression and interaction, at least to some extent. This level of transcription allows for varied and rich reuse of the data.
4. Conversion Analysis Transcription: Full verbal transcription using standardized notation symbols with careful reproductions of colloquial speech patterns. Transcription includes all words, timed pauses, cut-offs of a word, intonation, volume, word stress, as well as non-lexical action, etc.
It is the most detailed level of transcription. The goal is to represent the conversation event in as much detail as possible in textual format. Often used together with the audio and video recordings themselves.
Aina ya Transcription katika Utafiti wa Kiasi: Kiwango cha transcription daima huamuliwa na mtafiti wa awali au timu ya utafiti na inategemea malengo yaliyowekwa kwa data. Maamuzi ya kiwango cha transcription mara nyingi huathiriwa na rasilimali zinazopatikana. Aina ya Transcription: 1. Gisted Transcription: Interview rekodi ni kuwakilishwa katika fomu ya maandishi tu roughly, kwa orodha au muhtasari wa mada kuu. Maneno ya moja kwa moja au sehemu za usemi huandikwa mara chache tu. Tafsiri ina jukumu kubwa katika aina hii ya transcription kwa sababu ni transcriber ambaye anaamua ambayo sehemu ni thamani ya transcription. 2. Uwezekano wa kupata Transcription ya kiwango cha msingi: Itazalisha transcription ya neno kwa neno (sahihi) ya maneno lakini huacha kurudia, kukata maneno na sentensi, vichungi, na sauti zisizo za msamiati. Maneno ambayo ni wazi hayapatani na muktadha yanaweza pia kuachwa. Mbali na usemi, maonyesho muhimu ya hisia huingizwa. Transcription ya kiwango cha msingi inaweza kutumika wakati lengo kuu ni kuchambua maudhui ya hotuba. Hii ni kiwango cha chini cha transcription kwa ajili ya kushiriki data na kuhifadhi. 3. Uwe na mtazamo wa kweli Transcription sahihi: Hotuba yote ni transcribed, hakuna kitu ni kushoto nje. Transcription ni neno kwa neno, neno kwa neno replica ya data ya mdomo kwa kutumia alama za kawaida za notation. Filters, kurudia, cut-offs ya maneno, na sauti zisizo lexical ni kuingizwa katika transcription, kama vile usemi wa hisia na msisitizo au mkazo. Vipindi vya kusitisha na kelele zinazoweza kutokea na usumbufu mwingine huangaliwa. Transcription sahihi ni mara nyingi kutumika wakati kuna nia ya kuchambua usemi na mwingiliano, angalau kwa kiasi fulani. Kiwango hiki cha transcription inaruhusu kwa ajili ya tofauti na tajiri matumizi ya data. 4. Uwe na uhakika Transcription ya Uchambuzi wa Ubadilishaji: Transcription kamili ya maneno kwa kutumia alama za notation za kawaida na uzalishaji wa uangalifu wa mifumo ya hotuba ya kawaida. Transcription inajumuisha maneno yote, pauses timed, cut-offs ya neno, intonation, kiasi, neno mkazo, kama vile hatua zisizo lexical, nk. Ni kiwango cha kina zaidi cha maandishi. Lengo ni kuwakilisha tukio mazungumzo katika maelezo mengi iwezekanavyo katika muundo wa maandishi. Mara nyingi hutumiwa pamoja na rekodi za sauti na video zenyewe.