Nasal polyps are soft, noncancerous growths that develop within the lining of the nasal passages or sinuses. They typically appear as small, teardrop-shaped or grape-like structures and can vary in size. While nasal polyps are often benign, they can cause significant discomfort and affect a person’s ability to breathe properly.
The presence of nasal polyps may lead to the following symptoms:
• Persistent stuffiness or congestion in the nose
• Decreased or complete loss of sense of smell (anosmia)
• Runny nose or postnasal drip
• Facial pain or pressure
• Frequent sinus infections
The exact cause of nasal polyps remains unclear. However, certain factors are believed to contribute to their development:
• Chronic inflammation of the nasal passages and sinuses
• Allergic rhinitis
• Aspirin sensitivity
• Cystic fibrosis
• Certain immune disorders
Nasal polyps can be classified into two main types based on their origin:
• Ethmoidal polyps: These are the most common type and typically develop from the ethmoid sinuses, which are located between the eyes.
• Antrochoanal polyps: These less common polyps originate from the maxillary sinuses, situated behind the cheekbones, and extend into the back of the nasal cavity.
Risk Factors –
Several factors increase the risk of developing nasal polyps:
• Asthma: People with asthma have a higher likelihood of developing nasal polyps.
• Allergies: Chronic allergic conditions, such as allergic rhinitis, increase the risk.
• Sinus infections: Frequent or chronic sinus infections can contribute to polyp formation.
• Aspirin sensitivity: Individuals who experience respiratory reactions to aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be at higher risk.
• Cystic fibrosis: This genetic disorder increases the likelihood of developing nasal polyps.
While nasal polyps themselves are generally noncancerous and benign, they can lead to various complications, including:
• Chronic sinusitis: Nasal polyps can obstruct the nasal passages, leading to recurring sinus infections and inflammation.
• Asthma exacerbation: The presence of nasal polyps may worsen asthma symptoms.
• Obstructive sleep apnea: Large polyps can obstruct the airway during sleep, contributing to breathing difficulties.
To diagnose nasal polyps, an otolaryngologist (ear, nose, and throat specialist) may perform the following:
• Medical history assessment
• Physical examination of the nasal passages
• Nasal endoscopy: A thin, flexible tube with a light and camera is inserted into the nose to visualize the polyps.
• Imaging tests: CT or MRI scans can provide detailed images of the sinuses and help evaluate the extent of polyp growth.
The treatment of nasal polyps may involve various approaches, depending on the severity and symptoms:
° Nasal corticosteroids: These reduce inflammation and can shrink or eliminate polyps.
° Oral corticosteroids: In severe cases, short-term use of oral corticosteroids may be prescribed.
° Antihistamines: They can help manage allergic reactions and reduce polyp growth.
° Antibiotics: If a bacterial infection is present, antibiotics may be recommended.
• Nasal irrigation: Saline nasal rinses can help alleviate congestion and keep the nasal passages clear.
• Allergy management: Identifying and avoiding allergens can help control inflammation and reduce polyp growth.
• Surgery: In cases where conservative treatments are ineffective or polyps are large, endoscopic sinus surgery may be required to remove or reduce the polyps and improve nasal airflow.
Ayurvedic Treatment –
- Steam inhalation – Inhaling steam at regular time duration throughout the day time may decrease nasal congestion and different symptoms associated with it. The procedure involves that boiling water is boiled into one pot with some amount of vaporizer and the steam should be breathed in at least 5-7 minutes.
- Use of apple cider vinegar – it is most effective remedy inhalation of the steam of apple cider vinegar. 10 ml vinegar mixed with hot water and inhale this steam throughout the day. It washes out the bacteria and infectious material from nostril and relieve in nasal congestion. It also works as lubricant which reduces the inflammation.
- Use of turmeric powder – turmeric has strong anti-inflammatory, antiseptic and antipyretic properties. One tablespoon of turmeric powder should be mixed with one glass of hot milk and have it twice a day. It accelerates the healing process and reduces the production of extra mucus from nasal cavity.
- Intake of garlic – garlic has high antiseptic and antioxidant properties. It removes the infectious material and prevents the growth of nasal polyp. It also helps in mucus drainage. Take finely chopped garlic with hot water twice a day for better results.
- Tea tree oil – It has high antibiotic activity help in shortening of the polyp. Take cotton wool and dip into in oil and put it into the affected the nostril prevents recurrence of this disease.
- Use of pepper – A cayenne pepper contains high concentration of capsaicin. This chemical has capacity to reduce the extra growth in the nostril. It is good for intense headache associated with nasal polyps.
- Intake of pineapple – Pineapple contain substance known as bromelain which helps to destroy the extra cells and decreases the size of polyp. Sinus cavity immunity is well maintained by frequent and regular intake of this fruit.
- Application of castor oil – It is very effective and reduces the need for surgery. Consume one or two tablespoons daily reduces the risk of occurrence. It is best to take it orally, it eliminates the moisture content of the polyp and makes it dry. Once it becomes dry then it reduces in size. It also strengthens the immune system of human. It also kills the bacteria and fungus which are responsible for it.
- Breathing exercise – Breathing exercises help by reducing congestion and other symptoms of nasal polyps. Bhramari pranayama can open sinuses. These exercises also help to control breathing issue.
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Polyps za pua ni uvimbe laini usio na kansa ambao hutokea ndani ya utando wa njia za pua au sinusi. Kwa kawaida huonekana kuwa ndogo, zenye umbo la machozi au zenye umbo la zabibu na zinaweza kutofautiana kwa ukubwa. Ingawa mara nyingi polyps za pua ni zenye kudhuru, zinaweza kusababisha usumbufu mkubwa na kuathiri uwezo wa mtu wa kupumua vizuri. Ugonjwa wa polyps ya pua inaweza kusababisha dalili zifuatazo: • Ugonjwa wa kupumua au kuzidi kwa pua • Kupungua au kupoteza kabisa hisia ya harufu (anosmia) • Mtiririko wa pua au drip ya baada ya pua • Maumivu ya uso au shinikizo • Maambukizo ya sinus ya mara kwa mara. Hata hivyo, kuna mambo fulani yanayoweza kusababisha ugonjwa huu: • Uvimbe wa muda mrefu wa pua na sinusi • Uvimbe wa mkojo • Uwezo wa kutumia dawa ya Aspirin • Cystic fibrosis • Ugonjwa fulani wa kinga • Polyps za pua zinaweza kugawanywa katika aina mbili kuu kulingana na chanzo chao: • Polyps za ethmoid: Hizi ni aina ya kawaida na kwa kawaida hutokea kutoka kwa sinusi za ethmoid, ambazo ziko kati ya macho. • Antrochoanal polyps: Polyps hizi zisizo za kawaida hutoka kwenye sinuses za maxillary, ziko nyuma ya mifupa ya mashavu, na huenea nyuma ya shimo la pua. Kuna sababu kadhaa zinazoongeza hatari ya kuambukizwa na ugonjwa wa asthma: • Madhara ya mzio: Hali za mzio sugu, kama vile ugonjwa wa pua ya mzio, huongeza hatari. • Maambukizo ya sinusi: Maambukizo ya sinusi ya mara kwa mara au ya kudumu yaweza kuchangia kufanyizwa kwa polyps. • Aspirini: Watu ambao wanapata athari za kupumua kwa aspirin au dawa zisizo za steroid za kupambana na uvimbe (NSAIDs) wanaweza kuwa katika hatari kubwa. • Cystic fibrosis: Ugonjwa huu wa urithi huongeza uwezekano wa kupatwa na polyps za pua. Ingawa polyps za pua kwa ujumla si kansa na ni nzuri, zinaweza kusababisha matatizo mbalimbali, ikiwa ni pamoja na: • Sinusitis ya muda mrefu: Polyps za pua zinaweza kuzuia njia za pua, na kusababisha maambukizo ya sinus na uvimbe. • Kuongezeka kwa ugonjwa wa pumu: Kuwepo kwa polyps za pua kunaweza kuharibu dalili za ugonjwa wa pumu. • Kutoweza kupumua usingizi: Polyps kubwa zaweza kuzuia njia za kupumua wakati wa usingizi, na hivyo kusababisha matatizo ya kupumua. Kwa ajili ya utambuzi wa polyps za pua, daktari wa pua na koo (otolaryngologist) anaweza kufanya yafuatayo: • Uchunguzi wa historia ya matibabu • Uchunguzi wa mwili wa njia za pua • Endoscopy ya pua: Tubu nyembamba, laini na taa na kamera huingizwa ndani ya pua ili kuona polyps. Uchunguzi wa CT au MRI unaweza kutoa picha za kina za sinus na kusaidia kutathmini kiwango cha ukuaji wa polyp. Matibabu ya polyps ya pua inaweza kuhusisha mbinu mbalimbali, kulingana na ukali na dalili: corticosteroids ya pua: Hizi hupunguza uvimbe na inaweza kupungua au kuondoa polyps. Katika kesi kali, matumizi ya muda mfupi ya corticosteroids ya mdomo inaweza kuamriwa. Antihistamines: Inaweza kusaidia kudhibiti athari za mzio na kupunguza ukuaji wa polyp. Antibiotics: Ikiwa kuna maambukizo ya bakteria, antibiotics inaweza kupendekezwa. • Umwagiliaji wa pua: Umwagiliaji wa pua wenye chumvi waweza kusaidia kupunguza msongamano na kuweka njia za pua wazi. • Udhibiti wa mzio: Kutambua na kuepuka vimelea vya mzio kunaweza kusaidia kudhibiti uvimbe na kupunguza ukuzi wa polyp. • Upasuaji: Katika visa ambapo matibabu ya kihafidhina hayana matokeo au polyps ni kubwa, upasuaji wa endoscopic sinus unaweza kuhitajika kuondoa au kupunguza polyps na kuboresha mtiririko wa hewa ya pua. Matibabu ya Ayurvedic <unk> - Inhalation ya mvuke <unk> Inhaling mvuke kwa muda wa muda wa kawaida wakati wa siku inaweza kupunguza msongamano wa pua na dalili tofauti zinazohusiana nayo. Mchakato huu unahusisha maji ya kuchemsha kuchemsha katika sufuria moja na kiasi fulani cha vaporizer na mvuke unapaswa kupumua kwa angalau dakika 5-7 baada ya kuchemsha. - Matumizi ya apple cider vinegar <unk> ni ufanisi zaidi tiba inhalation ya mvuke wa apple cider vinegar. Chukua 10 ml ya siki na maji moto na kuvuta mvuke huu kwa siku nzima. Inaondoa bakteria na viini kutoka kwenye pua na kupunguza msongamano wa pua. Pia hufanya kazi kama lubricant ambayo hupunguza uvimbe. - Matumizi ya poda ya turmeric <unk> turmeric ina nguvu anti-uchochezi, antiseptic na antipyretic mali. Kinywaji kimoja cha kijiko cha poda ya turmeric kinapaswa kuchanganywa na glasi moja ya maziwa moto na kunywa mara mbili kwa siku. Inaharakisha mchakato wa uponyaji na kupunguza utengenezaji wa umajimaji wa ziada kutoka kwenye shimo la pua. - Kula vitunguu <unk> vitunguu ina mali ya juu ya antiseptic na antioxidant. Inaondoa viini vya kuambukiza na kuzuia ukuzi wa polyp ya pua. Pia husaidia kuondoa umajimaji. Chukua vitunguu vilivyokatwa vipande vidogo kwa maji moto mara mbili kwa siku kwa ajili ya matokeo bora. - Mafuta ya mti wa chai <unk> Ina utendaji wa juu wa viuavijasumu kusaidia katika kufupisha polyp. Kuchukua pamba na kuzamisha ndani ya mafuta na kuweka ndani ya kuathirika pua huzuia kurudia kwa ugonjwa huu. - Matumizi ya pilipili <unk> Pilipili ya cayenne ina kiasi kikubwa cha capsaicin. Kemikali hii ina uwezo wa kupunguza ukuzi wa ziada katika pua. Ni nzuri kwa maumivu makali ya kichwa yanayohusiana na polyps za pua. - Kula mananasi <unk> Nanasi ina dutu inayojulikana kama bromelain ambayo husaidia kuharibu seli za ziada na hupunguza ukubwa wa polyp. Kinga ya utando wa sinus huhifadhiwa vizuri kwa kula matunda haya mara kwa mara na kwa ukawaida. - Matumizi ya mafuta ya castor <unk> Ni yenye ufanisi sana na hupunguza uhitaji wa upasuaji. Kutumia kijiko kimoja au viwili kila siku hupunguza hatari ya kutokea. Ni bora kuchukua kwa mdomo, huondoa unyevu wa polyp na kuifanya iwe kavu. Mara tu inapokuwa kavu, inapungua ukubwa. Pia huimarisha mfumo wa kinga wa binadamu. Pia huua bakteria na kuvu ambazo husababisha ugonjwa huo. - Mazoezi ya kupumua <unk> Mazoezi ya kupumua husaidia kwa kupunguza msongamano na dalili nyingine za polyps za pua. Bhramari pranayama inaweza kufungua sinuses. Mazoezi hayo pia husaidia kudhibiti tatizo la kupumua. Kwa habari zaidi kuhusu matibabu ya ugonjwa wa pua na pua, tafadhali tembelea tovuti yetu ya www.sandript.com na pia kituo cha YouTube cha www.sandript.com na ujisikie huru kushauriana na timu yetu ya wataalamu wa matibabu, kupata faida na kukaa na afya.