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What Are Overuse Injuries?
Overuse injuries (or repetitive stress injuries) are injuries that happen when too much stress is placed on a part of the body. They can cause:
- inflammation (pain and swelling)
- muscle strain
- tissue damage
This stress generally is from repeating the same movements over and over again.
Overuse injuries are common work-related injuries, often affecting people who spend a lot of time using computers and other devices.
While most common in adults, overuse injuries are seen in teens because they spend so much time using phones, computers, and other devices. Sports-related repetitive stress injuries also can happen in sports like tennis, swimming, and soccer that involve repetitive motions.
What Causes Overuse Injuries?
In teens, overuse injuries most often happen at growth plates (areas at the ends of bones where bone cells multiply rapidly, making bones longer as someone grows). Areas most affected by overuse injuries are the elbows, shoulders, knees, and heels.
When making the same movements repeatedly over time, the body's joints and surrounding tendons and muscles become irritated and inflamed.
Some jobs that involve repetitive tasks — such as scanning items as a supermarket checker or carrying heavy trays as a waiter — can lead to overuse injuries. Sometimes, playing musical instruments can cause problems from overuse of certain hand or arm movements. Any repetitive movement can cause an injury — even text messaging!
Teens may be at risk for overuse injuries because of the significant physical growth that happens in the preteen and teen years. The growth spurt (the rapid growth period during puberty) can create extra tightness and tension in muscles and tendons, making teens more prone to injury.
What Are the Signs & Symptoms of Overuse Injuries?
Symptoms of overuse injuries include:
- tingling, numbness, or pain in the affected area
- stiffness or soreness in the neck or back
- feelings of weakness or fatigue in the hands, arms, or legs
- popping or clicking sensation
If you notice any of these warning sign, see your doctor. Even if your symptoms seem to come and go, don't ignore them or they may lead to more serious problems.
Without treatment, overuse injuries can become more severe and prevent you from doing simple everyday tasks and participating in sports, music, and other favorite activities.
What Kinds of Overuse Injuries Can Teens Get?
Overuse injuries that can develop in teens include:
Bursitis. Inflammation of a bursa, which is a fluid-filled sac that acts as a cushion for a joint, is known as bursitis (pronounced: bur-SYE-tis). Signs of bursitis include pain and swelling. It is associated with frequent overhead reaching, carrying overloaded backpacks, and overusing certain joints during sports, such as the knee or shoulder.
Carpal tunnel syndrome. In carpal tunnel syndrome, swelling occurs inside a narrow "tunnel" formed by bone and ligament in the wrist. This tunnel surrounds nerves that conduct sensory and motor impulses to and from the hand, causing pain, tingling, numbness, and weakness. Carpal tunnel syndrome is caused by repeated motion that can happen during activities like typing or playing video games (using joysticks). It's rare in teens and more common in adults, especially those in computer-related jobs.
Epicondylitis. This condition is characterized by pain and swelling at the point where the bones join at the elbow. Epicondylitis (pronounced: eh-pih-kon-dih-LYE-tis) is nicknamed "tennis elbow" because it often happens in tennis players.
Osgood-Schlatter disease. This is a common cause of knee pain in teens, especially teen athletes who are undergoing a growth spurt. Frequent use and physical stress (such as running long distances) can cause inflammation at the area where the tendon from the kneecap attaches to the shinbone.
Patellofemoral syndrome. This is a softening or breaking down of kneecap . Squatting, kneeling, and climbing stairs and hills can aggravate pain around the knee.
Shin splints. This term refers to pain along the shin or front of the lower leg. Shin splints are commonly found in runners and are usually harmless, although they can be quite painful. They can be difficult to tell apart from stress fractures.
Stress fractures. Stress fractures are tiny cracks in the bone's surface caused by rhythmic, repetitive overloading. These injuries can happen when a bone comes under repeated stress from running, marching, walking, or jumping, or from stress on the body like when a person changes running surfaces or runs in worn-out sneakers.
Tendonitis. In tendonitis, tearing and inflammation happen in the tendons, rope-like bands of tissue that connect muscles to bones. Tendonitis is associated with repetitive overstretching of tendons from overuse of some muscles.
Can I Prevent Overuse Injuries?
To prevent injuries from computer use, make sure your computer equipment and furniture fit you properly and that you use correct typing and sitting positions. If your parents are shopping for new computer furniture, suggest that they buy pieces that can be adjusted for each family member.
Here are some tips:
- Make sure the top of your computer screen is aligned with your forehead.
- Sit up straight with your back touching the back of your seat. Chairs that provide extra support, especially lumbar (lower back) support are helpful. Avoid slouching over your keyboard or tensing your shoulders, which can place unnecessary stress on your neck, back, and spine.
- Let your legs rest comfortably with your feet flat on the floor or on a footrest.
- Use a light touch when typing. Place the keyboard close to you so that you don't have to reach for it.
- Fingers and wrists should remain level while typing. Try a wrist rest for extra support. Your wrists and forearms should be at a 90-degree angle to the upper part of your arms. Elbows should be placed close to the side of the body to prevent bending the wrists side to side.
- It's easy to lose track of time when you're surfing the Internet or immersed in a homework assignment. Be sure to take breaks (to stretch or walk around) about every 30–60 minutes — even if you don't feel tired or feel any pain. (If you lose track of time, use a timer so you know when you're due for a break.)
- Try an ergonomic ("ergonomic" means specially designed for comfort) keyboard that has a curved design, and use a trackball instead of a mouse.
How Can I Feel Better?
The sooner an overuse is diagnosed, the sooner your body can heal, so be sure to see your doctor if you have symptoms.
Resting the affected area is the key to getting better. Your doctor may recommend that you take anti-inflammatory medication (such as ibuprofen). Ice packs are sometimes recommended to reduce pain and swelling.
After the swelling and pain have gone away, your doctor may suggest physical therapy to exercise your muscles and prevent loss of joint movement.
Prevention is the best medicine when it comes to overuse injuries. Be sensible about the amount of time you spend doing any repeated motions. Overall flexibility and strength can help to prevent overuse injuries, so exercise regularly and stay active (remembering warm-ups, cool-downs, and stretching, of course!).
Note: All information is for educational purposes only. For specific medical advice, diagnoses, and treatment, consult your doctor.
© 1995- The Nemours Foundation. KidsHealth® is a registered trademark of The Nemours Foundation. All rights reserved.
Images sourced by The Nemours Foundation and Getty Images.
"Kazi ya ""Kijamii cha Watoto"" - ""Kijamii cha Watoto"" - ""Kijamii cha Watoto"" - ""Kijamii cha Watoto"" - ""Kijamii cha Watoto"" - ""Kijamii cha Watoto"" - ""Kijamii cha Watoto"" - ""Kijamii cha Watoto"" - ""Kijamii cha Watoto"" - ""Kijamii cha Watoto"" - ""Kijamii cha Watoto"" - ""Kijamii ya Watoto"" - ""Kijamii ya Watoto"" - ""Kijamii ya Watoto"" - ""Kijamii ya Watoto"" - ""Kijamii ya Watoto"" - ""Kijamii ya Watoto"" - ""Kijamii ya Watoto"" - ""Kijamii ya Watoto"" - ""Kijamii ya Watoto"" - ""Kijamii ya Watoto"" - ""Kijamii ya Watoto"" - ""Kijamii ya Watoto"" - ""Kijamii ya Watoto"" - ""Kijamii ya Watoto"" - ""Kijamii ya Watoto"" - ""Kijamii ya Watoto"" - ""Kijamii ya Watoto"" - ""Kijamii ya Watoto"" - ""Kijamii ya Watoto"" - ""Kijamii ya Watoto"" - ""Kijamii Majeraha ya overuse (au majeraha ya mkazo wa mara kwa mara) ni majeraha ambayo hutokea wakati mkazo mwingi huwekwa kwenye sehemu ya mwili. Madhara ya misuli (kuvimba na maumivu) - Madhara ya misuli - Uharibifu wa tishu Mkazo huu kwa ujumla hutokana na kurudia harakati sawa tena na tena. Majeraha ya matumizi ya kupita kiasi ni majeraha ya kawaida yanayohusiana na kazi, mara nyingi kuathiri watu ambao hutumia muda mwingi kutumia kompyuta na vifaa vingine. Ingawa ni kawaida kwa watu wazima, majeraha ya kutumia kupita kiasi huonekana kwa matineja kwa sababu hutumia wakati mwingi kutumia simu, kompyuta, na vifaa vingine. Majeraha ya mkazo yanayohusiana na michezo yanaweza kutokea pia katika michezo kama vile tenisi, kuogelea, na mpira wa miguu ambayo huhusisha harakati za kurudia-rudia. Ni Nini Husababisha Majeraha ya Kutumia Vitu Vingi? Katika matineja, majeraha ya matumizi ya kupita kiasi mara nyingi hutokea kwenye mabamba ya ukuaji (maeneo kwenye ncha za mifupa ambapo chembe za mifupa huongezeka haraka, na kufanya mifupa iwe ndefu zaidi mtu anapoendelea kukua). Maeneo yanayoathiriwa zaidi na majeraha ya kutumia kupita kiasi ni mikono, mabega, magoti, na visigino. Wakati wa kufanya harakati sawa mara kwa mara, viungo vya mwili na misuli na misuli inayozunguka huwa na uchungu na uvimbe. Baadhi ya kazi ambazo huhusisha kazi za kurudia-rudia - kama vile kuchunguza vitu kama mtihani wa duka kubwa au kubeba sahani nzito kama mhudumu - zinaweza kusababisha majeraha ya kutumia kupita kiasi. Nyakati nyingine, kucheza ala za muziki kwaweza kusababisha matatizo kwa sababu ya kutumia kupita kiasi mikono au mikono fulani. Mwendo wowote unaorudiwa-rudiwa waweza kusababisha jeraha - hata ujumbe wa maandishi! Vijana wanaweza kuwa katika hatari ya majeraha ya overuse kwa sababu ya ukuaji mkubwa wa kimwili kwamba hutokea katika miaka ya kabla ya ujana na ujana. Kuongezeka kwa ukuaji (kipindi cha ukuaji wa haraka wakati wa kubalehe) kunaweza kuunda msongo wa ziada na mvutano katika misuli na tendoni, na kuwafanya matineja wawe na uwezekano mkubwa wa kujeruhiwa. Ishara na Dalili za Majeraha ya Kutumia Vitu Vingi Ni Zipi? Dalili za majeraha ya matumizi ya kupita kiasi ni pamoja na: - tingling, numbness, au maumivu katika eneo lililoathiriwa - stiffness au uchungu katika shingo au nyuma - hisia za udhaifu au uchovu katika mikono, mikono, au miguu - popping au clicking sensation Ikiwa unaona yoyote ya ishara hizi za onyo, mwone daktari wako. Hata kama dalili zako zinaonekana kuja na kwenda, usizipuuze au zinaweza kusababisha matatizo makubwa zaidi. Bila matibabu, majeraha ya matumizi ya kupita kiasi yanaweza kuwa mabaya zaidi na kukuzuia kufanya kazi rahisi za kila siku na kushiriki katika michezo, muziki, na shughuli nyingine unazopenda. Vijana Wanaweza Kupata Majeraha Ya Aina Gani Kwa Kutumia Viungo Vingi? Majeraha ya kutumia kupita kiasi ambayo yanaweza kutokea katika matineja yanatia ndani: Bursitis. Ugonjwa wa bursa, ambayo ni mfuko uliojaa umajimaji unaofanya kazi kama mto kwa pamoja, unajulikana kama bursitis (inatamkwa: bur-SYE-tis). Dalili za ugonjwa wa bursitis zinatia ndani maumivu na uvimbe. Hii inahusishwa na mara kwa mara juu ya kichwa kufikia, kubeba overloaded backpacks, na overusing viungo fulani wakati wa michezo, kama vile goti au bega. Ugonjwa wa Carpal Tunnel Katika ugonjwa wa carpal tunnel syndrome, uvimbe hutokea ndani ya "mfereji" mwembamba unaofanyizwa na mfupa na vifungo katika mkono. Mfereji huo huzunguka neva zinazoongoza hisia na mwendo wa mwili kuelekea na kutoka mkononi, na kusababisha maumivu, kutikisika, kutokuwa na hisia, na udhaifu. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ni ugonjwa wa kuonekana mara kwa mara wakati wa kazi kama vile kuandika au kucheza michezo ya video. Ni nadra katika matineja na ni ya kawaida zaidi katika watu wazima, hasa wale katika kazi zinazohusiana na kompyuta. Epicondylitis ya kiuno Hali hii huonyeshwa na maumivu na uvimbe mahali ambapo mifupa huungana kwenye kiwiko. Epicondylitis (hutafsiriwa: eh-pih-kon-dih-LYE-tis) inaitwa "tennis elbow" kwa sababu mara nyingi hutokea kwa wachezaji wa tenisi. Ugonjwa wa Osgood-Schlatter Hii ni sababu ya kawaida ya maumivu ya goti katika matineja, hasa wanariadha vijana ambao ni kupitia ukuaji wa haraka. Matumizi ya mara kwa mara na mkazo wa kimwili (kama vile kukimbia umbali mrefu) inaweza kusababisha uvimbe katika eneo ambapo tendon kutoka kneecap huunganisha na shinbone. Ugonjwa wa patellofemoral. Hii ni laini au kuvunjika kwa kiwiko cha goti. Kuketi kwenye viti, kupiga magoti, na kupanda ngazi na vilima kunaweza kuzidisha maumivu karibu na goti. Vipande vya shin. Neno hilo hurejezea maumivu yaliyo kando ya shin au mbele ya mguu wa chini. Kwa kawaida, viungo vya shin splints hupatikana kwa wakimbiaji na kwa kawaida havina madhara, ingawa vinaweza kuwa na maumivu makali. Huenda ikawa vigumu kuzitambua isipokuwa vipande vya mifupa vilivyovunjika kwa sababu ya mkazo. Mvunjiko wa mfadhaiko. Mvunjiko wa mfadhaiko ni nyufa ndogo-ndogo katika uso wa mfupa zinazosababishwa na mzigo mwingi unaorudiwa-rudiwa. Majeraha haya yanaweza kutokea wakati mfupa unapoathiriwa mara kwa mara na kukimbia, kutembea, au kuruka, au kutokana na mkazo kwenye mwili kama vile wakati mtu anabadilisha nyuso za kukimbia au kukimbia katika viatu vya michezo vilivyotumiwa. Ugonjwa wa tendonitis. Ugonjwa wa tendonitis ni ugonjwa unaosababishwa na uvimbe unaosababishwa na nyuzinyuzi, nyuzinyuzi zinazofanana na kamba zinazohusisha misuli na mifupa. Ugonjwa wa tendonitis huhusishwa na kunyoosha kupita kiasi kwa tendoni kwa sababu ya kutumia misuli fulani kupita kiasi. Je, Ninaweza Kuzuia Majeraha ya Kutumia Viungo Vingi? Ili kuzuia majeraha kutokana na matumizi ya kompyuta, hakikisha vifaa vya kompyuta na fanicha zinakufaa vizuri na kwamba unatumia nafasi sahihi za kuandika na kukaa. Ikiwa wazazi wako wanatafuta vifaa vipya vya kompyuta, washauri wanunue vifaa vinavyoweza kurekebishwa kwa ajili ya kila mshiriki wa familia. Hapa kuna vidokezo: - Hakikisha kwamba sehemu ya juu ya skrini ya kompyuta yako iko sawa na paji la uso wako. - Kukaa moja kwa moja na mgongo wako kugusa nyuma ya kiti chako. Viti vinavyotoa msaada wa ziada, hasa utegemezo wa mgongo (chini ya mgongo) ni vyenye kusaidia. Epuka kuketi juu ya kibodi au kushikilia mabega yako, jambo ambalo laweza kukusababisha mfadhaiko usio wa lazima kwenye shingo, mgongo, na uti wa mgongo. - Acha miguu yako ipumzike vizuri na miguu yako iwe tambarare kwenye sakafu au kwenye kiunzi cha miguu. - Tumia kugusa kwa urahisi unapokuwa ukiandika. Weka kibodi karibu na wewe ili usihitaji kuifikia. - Vidole na vifungo vinapaswa kuwa sawa unapokuwa ukiandika. Jaribu kutumia kiunzi cha mkono ili uweze kupata msaada zaidi. Mikono na mikono yako inapaswa kuwa katika pembe ya digrii 90 kutoka kwa sehemu ya juu ya mikono yako. Mikono inapaswa kuwekwa karibu na upande wa mwili ili kuzuia kuinamisha vifungo upande kwa upande. - Ni rahisi kupoteza ufahamu wa wakati unapokuwa ukitafuta habari kwenye Intaneti au ukiwa umejishughulisha na kazi ya nyumbani. Hakikisha kuchukua mapumziko (kujinyoosha au kutembea) karibu kila dakika 30 - 60, hata ikiwa hujisikia uchovu au maumivu yoyote. Ikiwa umepoteza wazo la muda, tumia kipima-wakati ili ujue ni wakati gani wa kupumzika. Jaribu ergonomic (ergonomous inamaanisha iliyoundwa maalum kwa urahisi) keyboard ambayo ina muundo wa curved, na kutumia trackball badala ya panya. Ninawezaje Kuhisi Vizuri Zaidi? Kadiri ugonjwa wa kutumia dawa kupita kiasi unavyoonekana, ndivyo mwili unavyoweza kupona haraka, kwa hiyo hakikisha unamwona daktari wako ikiwa una dalili. Kupumzika eneo lililoathiriwa ni ufunguo wa kupata nafuu. Daktari wako anaweza kukupendekeza kuchukua dawa za kuzuia uvimbe (kama vile ibuprofen). Nyakati nyingine vipande vya barafu hupendekezwa ili kupunguza maumivu na uvimbe. Baada ya uvimbe na maumivu kutoweka, daktari wako anaweza kupendekeza matibabu ya kimwili ili kufanya mazoezi ya misuli na kuzuia kupoteza mwendo wa pamoja. Kuzuia ni dawa bora inapohusu majeraha ya kutumia kupita kiasi. Uwe mwenye busara kuhusu muda unaotumia kufanya harakati zozote zinazorudiwa-rudiwa. Uwezo wa kubadilika-badilika na nguvu za jumla zaweza kusaidia kuzuia majeraha ya kutumia kupita kiasi, kwa hiyo fanya mazoezi kwa ukawaida na uwe mwenye bidii (kumbuka kupasha joto, kupumzika, na kunyoosha, bila shaka!). Kumbuka: Habari zote ni kwa madhumuni ya elimu tu. Kwa ushauri maalum wa kitiba, utambuzi, na matibabu, wasiliana na daktari wako. 1995 - Msingi wa Nemours. KidsHealth® ni alama ya biashara iliyosajiliwa ya The Nemours Foundation. Haki zote zimehifadhiwa. Picha zinazotokana na The Nemours Foundation na Getty Images.