In the 20th century, Einstein’s principle of equivalence put all observers, moving or accelerating, on the same footing. Einstein summarised this notion in a postulate:
Principle of Equivalence:
An observer cannot determine, in any way whatsoever, whether the laboratory he occupies is in a uniform gravitational field or is in a reference frame that is accelerating relative to an inertial frame.
This led to an ambiguity as to what exactly is meant by the force of gravity and weight. A scale in an accelerating elevator cannot be distinguished from a scale in a gravitational field. Gravitational force and weight thereby became essentially frame-dependent quantities. According to the general theory of relativity, gravitational and inertial mass are not different properties of matter but two aspects of a fundamental and single property of matter.
In situations in which gravitation is absent but the chosen coordinate system is not inertial, but is accelerated with the observer, then g-forces and corresponding proper accelerations felt by observers in these coordinate systems are caused by the mechanical forces which resist their weight in such systems. The most realistic method of producing artificial gravity, for example aboard a space station, can be imitated in a rotating spaceship. Objects inside would be pushed toward the hull and they will have some weight. This weight is produced by fictitious forces or “inertial forces” which appear in all such accelerated coordinate systems. Unlike real gravity, which pulls towards a center of the planet, the centripetal force pushes towards the axis of rotation.
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Katika karne ya 20, kanuni ya usawa ya Einstein iliweka watazamaji wote, wakisonga au wakiongeza kasi, katika hali sawa. "Kama Einstein alivyosema, ""Kila mtu hawezi kuamua, kwa njia yoyote ile, kama maabara anayoifanya iko katika uwanja wa mvuto wa kawaida au iko katika mfumo wa kumbukumbu unaozidi kasi ikilinganishwa na mfumo wa inertia.""" Hilo lilisababisha kutoelewana kuhusu maana halisi ya nguvu ya uvutano na uzito. Kiwango katika lifti kuharakisha haiwezi kutofautishwa na kiwango katika uwanja wa mvuto. Kwa hiyo, nguvu ya uvutano na uzito zikawa kiasi kinachohusiana na mfumo. Kulingana na nadharia ya jumla ya upendeleo, uzito na inertia si mali tofauti za vitu lakini ni mambo mawili ya mali ya msingi na moja ya vitu. Katika hali ambapo mvuto haupo lakini mfumo wa kuratibu uliochaguliwa sio inertial, lakini huongeza kasi na mtazamaji, basi nguvu za g na kasi zinazolingana zinazohusiana na watazamaji katika mifumo hii ya kuratibu husababishwa na nguvu za mitambo ambazo hupinga uzito wao katika mifumo kama hiyo. Njia halisi zaidi ya kutokeza nguvu ya uvutano bandia, kwa mfano kwenye kituo cha angani, yaweza kuigwa katika chombo cha angani kinachozunguka. Vitu vilivyo ndani ya meli hiyo vingeendeshwa kuelekea sehemu ya ndani ya meli hiyo na hivyo kuwa na uzito fulani. Uzito huu hutokezwa na nguvu za uwongo au "nguvu za inertial" ambazo zinaonekana katika mifumo yote ya uratibu iliyoongeza kasi. Tofauti na nguvu ya uvutano halisi, ambayo huvuta kuelekea katikati ya sayari, nguvu ya centripetal husukuma kuelekea mhimili wa mzunguko. Tunatumaini, makala hii, Artificial Gravity, inakusaidia. Kama ni hivyo, kutupa kama katika sidebar. Kusudi kuu la tovuti hii ni kusaidia umma kujifunza baadhi ya habari ya kuvutia na muhimu kuhusu vifaa na mali zao.