The Groundwater Project is pleased to announce that you can now download Quantitative Hydrogeology: Groundwater Hydrology for Engineers written by Ghislain de Marsily. This is an important addition to our GW-Project Preserved Books series which highlights previously published books which have lasting educational importance.
Ghislain de Marsily is an internationally renowned scientist and is well known as the pioneer of the pilot point method. He was instrumental in the development of stochastic hydrogeology. During his extensive career, de Marsily also explored other research areas, such as the inverse problem, geostatistics, fluid transport, underground flows, waste disposal (including nuclear waste) with regards to underground flows, river ecology, and in his later years, worldwide food production.
Ghislain de Marsily was born in 1939 in France. He started his career at a civil engineering company after finishing his engineering studies at the Paris School of Mines. But after a few years of working in the field, de Marsily decided to go back to school to follow a program in applied geology at the Paris School of Mines. During this program, de Marsily became fascinated with hydrogeology.
So when a research centre was established at the Paris School of Mines that would study hydrogeology, de Marsily was asked to join. He not only joined this new initiative but became the director of this centre, which was known as the Centre d’informatique géologique (1973-1985).
Initially focusing on groundwater, de Marsily developed quantitative methods to estimate and model underground flows. He primarily studied water resources, water contamination due to human activities, and geological processes related to underground flows. He also expressed concern about the storage of industrial waste in connection with underground flows.
In 1987, de Marsily became a professor of geology at Pierre and Marie Curie University (also known as Paris VI and now part of the Sorbonne University) and stayed on until 2004.
While working as a professor, he founded the UMR CNRS SISYPHE, a multidisciplinary research unit, of which he was the director until 2000. He established and directed the CNRS program PIREN-Seine, which studied the hydrological behaviour of the entire Seine River basin, addressing both quantitative and qualitative aspects. This program brought together multiple interdisciplinary laboratories in the Paris region and de Marsily called it a good example of what environmental research on a large scale should look like.
In 2000, he founded the Postgraduate School Géosciences et Ressources Naturelles at Pierre and Marie Curie University and stayed on as its director until 2004.
He later became professor emeritus at Pierre and Marie Curie University and at the Paris School of Mines.
He also joined the French Academy of Sciences as a member in 2003 and his work there focused on the effects of climate change on water resources and the global food production problem in the 21st century.
During his career, de Marsily authored many research papers, wrote multiple books, and presented at various international conferences. In recognition of his outstanding contributions to hydrogeology, he received many national and international awards. These include the O.E. Meinzer Award of the Geological Society of America, Robert E. Horton Medal of the American Geophysical Union, and President’s Award of the International Association of Hydrogeologists.
Quantitative Hydrogeology: Groundwater Hydrology for Engineers
Quantitative Hydrogeology: Groundwater Hydrology for Engineers (1986) is Ghislain de Marsily’s first book and was originally published in French in 1981 (Hydrogéologie quantitative). It is an extraordinary book that highlights two aspects which are woven into de Marsily’s entire scientific career: international collaboration and teaching.
In an interview from 2011 for the project The Hydrogeologist Time Capsule (“The birth of stochastic hydrogeology”), de Marsily gave his younger colleagues the advice to work internationally and to visit other scientists in their labs and establish personal connections.
He shared this advice in the section where he talked about the 1970s and his own travels to the United States to meet with other hydrogeologists of the time. He travelled all over the US and visited different scientists in their lab. He highlighted that these lab visits were important. He thought they were the best way to establish personal and long-term relationships with other scientists instead of only meeting them at seminars or conferences.
This international mindset resulted in the English version of Quantitative Hydrogeology: Groundwater Hydrology for Engineers. Because it was one of his colleagues whom he met during his travels to North America, Dr. Richard E. Jackson, who, after reading the original, convinced him to translate into English the French lecture notes he made for his students in engineering at the Paris School of Mines.
De Marsily took his colleague’s advice and extended and translated the original French lecture notes during a sabbatical in 1979 at the Department of Hydrology and Water Resources at the University of Arizona in Tucson.
With lecture notes being the foundation of the book, Quantitative Hydrogeology: Groundwater Hydrology for Engineers has been invaluable to teaching students about geostatistics and quantitative hydrogeology in a clear and condensed way.
In that same interview with de Marsily for the project The Hydrogeologist Time Capsule (“The birth of stochastic hydrogeology”), one of his former students, Philippe Renard, mentioned how he had completed a full semester on geostatistics and felt that he only knew a part of it. But then he went to de Marsily’s class and in two hours, they had gone through the whole book. He praised de Marsily for how extremely valuable the book was to him and other students.
De Marsily taught for most of his career and was famous with his students for his remarkable classes. He enjoyed working with students, especially international students, and according to his own estimate (The Hydrogeologist Time Capsule: “From quantitative hydrogeology to the future of our civilization”), he mentored over ninety PhD students over the course of his career.
When asked in a different interview for The Hydrogeologist Time Capsule (“From Cauchy’s method to PEST, an overview of the history of inverse problems”) if he had any advice for future teachers, de Marsily shared the following: “I liked my job of teaching hydrogeology in universities. I think it’s part of our responsibility as teachers to tell the students why it is important that we should go that way and not another way. As teachers, I think by definition, we should be aware of the latest developments and the latest techniques and of the pros and cons of each of these techniques. And not just do what is easy. That is to say, to teach the same course this year that you taught last year. It is the responsibility of the teaching community to be aware of the changes and teach that to the students.”
"Kama sehemu ya mradi wa ""Maji ya Chini ya Ardhi,"" sasa unaweza kupakua ""Hydrology ya Chini ya Ardhi kwa Wahandisi"" iliyoandikwa na Ghislain de Marsilly." Hii ni nyongeza muhimu kwa mfululizo wetu wa vitabu vya mradi wa GW-Project Preserved, ambayo inasisitiza vitabu vilivyochapishwa hapo awali ambavyo vina umuhimu wa kudumu wa elimu. Ghislain de Marsily ni mwanasayansi mashuhuri kimataifa na anajulikana sana kama mwanzilishi wa mbinu ya hatua ya majaribio. Alikuwa na jukumu muhimu katika maendeleo ya stochastic hydrogeology. Katika kazi yake ya utafiti, de Marsily pia alichunguza maeneo mengine ya utafiti, kama vile tatizo la kinyume, geostatistics, usafirishaji wa maji, mtiririko wa chini ya ardhi, uondoaji wa taka (ikiwa ni pamoja na taka za nyuklia) kwa kuzingatia mtiririko wa chini ya ardhi, ikolojia ya mto, na katika miaka yake ya baadaye, uzalishaji wa chakula ulimwenguni. Ghislain de Marsilie alizaliwa mwaka 1939 nchini Ufaransa. Alianza kazi yake katika kampuni ya uhandisi wa ujenzi baada ya kumaliza masomo yake ya uhandisi katika Shule ya Madini ya Paris. Baada ya kufanya kazi katika uwanja wa kazi, de Marsily aliamua kurudi shule na kufuata programu ya jiolojia ya kutumika katika Shule ya Madini ya Paris. Wakati wa programu hiyo, de Marsily alipendezwa sana na elimu ya maji. Wakati wa kuanzishwa kwa Chuo cha Madini cha Paris, de Marsily alijiunga na kikundi cha wataalamu wa elimu ya maji. "Hata hivyo, alishiriki katika mradi huo na kuwa mkurugenzi wa kituo hicho, ambacho kilikuwa kinaitwa ""Centre d'Informatique Géologique"" (CIG) kuanzia mwaka 1973 hadi 1985."" Mwanzoni akizingatia maji ya chini ya ardhi, de Marsily aliendeleza mbinu za kiasi ili kukadiria na kuiga mtiririko wa chini ya ardhi. Alijifunza hasa rasilimali za maji, uchafuzi wa maji kutokana na shughuli za kibinadamu, na michakato ya kijiolojia inayohusiana na mtiririko wa chini ya ardhi. Pia alielezea wasiwasi juu ya kuhifadhi taka za viwanda kuhusiana na mtiririko wa chini ya ardhi. "Mwaka 1987 Marsili alijiunga na Chuo Kikuu cha Paris VI na akawa profesa wa jiolojia katika Chuo Kikuu cha Pierre na Marie Curie, na alikaa huko hadi mwaka 2004.""" Wakati wa kazi yake kama profesa, alianzisha UMR CNRS SISYPH, kitengo cha utafiti wa taaluma nyingi, ambacho alikuwa mkurugenzi wake hadi 2000. Katika mwaka wa 1950, CNRS ilianzisha mpango wa PIREN-Seine, ambao ulijifunza tabia ya maji ya bonde lote la Seine, na kushughulikia masuala ya kiasi na ubora. Programu hiyo ilileta pamoja maabara mbalimbali za kitaaluma katika eneo la Paris na de Marsily aliliita mfano mzuri wa jinsi utafiti wa mazingira kwa kiwango kikubwa unapaswa kuonekana. Mwaka 2000, alianzisha Shule ya Utafiti wa Sayansi ya Jiolojia na Rasilimali Asili katika Chuo Kikuu cha Pierre na Marie Curie na alibaki kama mkurugenzi wake hadi 2004. Baadaye akawa profesa emeritus katika Chuo Kikuu cha Pierre na Marie Curie na katika Shule ya Madini ya Paris. Alijiunga na Chuo cha Sayansi cha Ufaransa kama mwanachama mnamo 2003 na kazi yake huko ililenga athari za mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa kwenye rasilimali za maji na tatizo la uzalishaji wa chakula ulimwenguni katika karne ya 21. Wakati wa kazi yake, de Marsily aliandika karatasi nyingi za utafiti, aliandika vitabu vingi, na aliwasilisha katika mikutano mbalimbali ya kimataifa. Kwa kutambua michango yake bora kwa hydrogeology, alipokea tuzo nyingi za kitaifa na kimataifa. Hizi ni pamoja na O.E. Tuzo ya Meinzer ya Jumuiya ya Kijiolojia ya Amerika, Medali ya Robert E. Horton ya Jumuiya ya Kijiolojia ya Amerika, na Tuzo ya Rais wa Chama cha Kimataifa cha Hydrogeologists. "Hidrolojia ya chini ya ardhi kwa wahandisi (Hydrology of Groundwater for Engineers, ""Hydrology of Groundwater for Engineers,"" 1986) ni kitabu cha kwanza cha Ghislaine de Marcyli, kilichochapishwa kwa Kifaransa mnamo 1981." Ni kitabu cha ajabu ambacho kinaangazia mambo mawili ambayo yameunganishwa katika kazi nzima ya kisayansi ya de Marsily: ushirikiano wa kimataifa na ufundishaji. Katika mahojiano ya mwaka 2011 kwa ajili ya mradi wa The Hydrogeologist Time Capsule, de Marsilio aliwapa ushauri wenzake vijana kufanya kazi kimataifa na kutembelea wanasayansi wengine katika maabara yao na kuanzisha uhusiano wa kibinafsi. Alishiriki ushauri huu katika sehemu ambapo alizungumza juu ya miaka ya 1970 na safari zake mwenyewe kwenda Marekani kukutana na wataalamu wengine wa hydrogeology wa wakati huo. Alisafiri kote Marekani na kuwatembelea wanasayansi mbalimbali katika maabara yao. Alikazia kwamba ziara hizi za maabara zilikuwa muhimu. Alifikiri kwamba walikuwa njia bora ya kuanzisha mahusiano ya kibinafsi na ya muda mrefu na wanasayansi wengine badala ya kukutana nao tu katika semina au mikutano. Mtazamo huo wa kimataifa ulisababisha toleo la Kiingereza la Quantitative Hydrogeology: Groundwater Hydrology for Engineers. Baada ya kusoma kitabu hicho, Richard E. Jackson, aliyekuwa mwanafunzi wa chuo cha Paris School of Mines, alimshawishi atafsiri katika Kiingereza maelezo ya hotuba aliyoandika kwa ajili ya wanafunzi wake wa uhandisi. De Marsily alichukua ushauri wa wenzake na kupanua na kutafsiri maelezo ya awali ya Kifaransa ya hotuba wakati wa sabato ya mwaka 1979 katika Idara ya Hydrology na Rasilimali za Maji katika Chuo Kikuu cha Arizona huko Tucson. Kwa kuwa maelezo ya hotuba ni msingi wa kitabu, Quantitative Hydrogeology: Groundwater Hydrology for Engineers imekuwa muhimu sana kwa kufundisha wanafunzi kuhusu geostatistics na hydrogeology ya kiasi kwa njia ya wazi na condensed. Katika mahojiano hayo ya kwanza na de Marsili kwa ajili ya mradi wa The Hydrogeologist Time Capsule, mmoja wa wanafunzi wake wa zamani, Philippe Renard, alitaja jinsi alivyokamilisha muhula kamili wa geostatistics na kuhisi kwamba alijua sehemu tu ya hilo. Lakini kisha akaenda kwenye darasa la de Marsily na katika masaa mawili, walikuwa wamekwenda kupitia kitabu chote. Alimsifu de Marsily kwa jinsi kitabu hicho kilivyokuwa chenye thamani sana kwake na kwa wanafunzi wengine. De Marsily alifundisha kwa sehemu kubwa ya kazi yake na alikuwa maarufu kwa wanafunzi wake kwa madarasa yake ya ajabu. Alifurahia kufanya kazi na wanafunzi, hasa wanafunzi wa kimataifa, na kulingana na makadirio yake mwenyewe (The Hydrogeologist Time Capsule: <unk>From quantitative hydrogeology to the future of our civilization<unk>), aliwafundisha zaidi ya wanafunzi wa PhD tisini katika kipindi cha kazi yake. Alipoulizwa katika mahojiano tofauti kwa The Hydrogeologist Time Capsule (Kutoka kwa mbinu ya Cauchy hadi PEST, muhtasari wa historia ya matatizo ya kinyume) ikiwa alikuwa na ushauri wowote kwa walimu wa baadaye, de Marsily alishiriki yafuatayo: Nadhani ni sehemu ya jukumu letu kama walimu kuwaambia wanafunzi kwa nini ni muhimu kwamba tunapaswa kwenda njia hiyo na si njia nyingine. Kama walimu, kwa ufafanuzi, tunapaswa kuwa na ufahamu wa maendeleo ya hivi karibuni na mbinu za hivi karibuni na faida na hasara za kila moja ya mbinu hizi. Na si kufanya tu kile kilicho rahisi. Kwa mfano, ni lazima ufundishe masomo kama yale ya mwaka jana. Ni jukumu la jamii ya walimu kuwa na ufahamu wa mabadiliko na kufundisha kwamba kwa wanafunzi. <unk>