MOM 2012-2014: development of a protocol for the restoration of plant biodiversity on degraded sites
Project carried by Solicaz
Partners: PTMG Guyana, SMSE and Ecuador Mining Operators.
The gold richness of the subsoil in the Guyana region coupled with an extremely rapid population growth generates an increase in deforestation which causes a loss of heritage of the only primary forest that Europe possesses each year. The increase in the current value of gold may accelerate this deforestation. Gold panning affects more than 20,000 hectares of forests, including official concessions and more and more illegal farms.
In the context of protecting the exceptional forest heritage of this French department, it is therefore important to support the development of this sector through research on sustainable management, reconciliatory production and environmental services.
In an environment as disturbed as that of a mine after exploitation, the soil has lost all its fertility potential both in terms of nutrients (organic matter) and in terms of its capacity to produce it (i.e. it has lost the microorganisms capable of transforming this organic matter). Under these conditions, it seems difficult to revegetate a site without large supply of inputs and without major implementation work.
The broad aim of this project is to restore plant biodiversity as well as soil fertility (soil quality) via potential nitrogen-fixing species. The project is broken down into several operational objectives seen below:
• Encourage the establishment of efficient symbioses between the microorganisms and the associated host plant;
• Perform a pre-test of revegetation on a mining site at the end of operation to test the recolonization capacity of the different species;
• Make an initial statement of the “quality” of the soils before revegetation via the use of a bio-indicator to test their biological functioning (Schimann et al., 2012).
MOM 2012-2014: maendeleo ya itifaki ya kurudisha mimea ya mimea kwenye maeneo yaliyoharibiwa Mradi uliofanywa na washirika wa Solicaz: PTMG Guyana, SMSE na Ecuador Mining Operators. Utajiri wa dhahabu katika ardhi ya chini ya ardhi katika eneo la Guyana pamoja na ukuaji wa haraka wa idadi ya watu husababisha ongezeko la ukataji misitu ambayo husababisha hasara ya urithi wa msitu wa msingi pekee ambao Ulaya inamiliki kila mwaka. Ongezeko la thamani ya dhahabu ya sasa laweza kuharakisha ukataji-miti huo. Utafiti wa utafiti wa dhahabu unaonyesha kwamba zaidi ya hekta 20,000 za misitu ya Afrika Kusini, ikiwa ni pamoja na mashamba ya serikali na mashamba ya kinyume cha sheria, yanaathiriwa. Katika muktadha wa kulinda urithi wa kipekee wa misitu ya idara hii ya Ufaransa, ni muhimu kuunga mkono maendeleo ya sekta hii kupitia utafiti juu ya usimamizi endelevu, uzalishaji wa uratibu na huduma za mazingira. Katika mazingira kama hayo ya mgodi baada ya uchimbaji, udongo umepoteza uwezo wake wote wa uzazi, kwa suala la virutubisho (vitu vya kikaboni) na kwa suala la uwezo wake wa kuzalisha. Kwa sababu hii, microorganisms zinazohusika katika mabadiliko ya kemikali za kikaboni zinapaswa kuondolewa. Chini ya hali hizi, inaonekana ni vigumu revegetate tovuti bila ugavi mkubwa wa pembejeo na bila kazi kubwa ya utekelezaji. Lengo kuu la mradi huu ni kurudisha mimea ya mimea pamoja na uzazi wa udongo (ubora wa udongo) kupitia spishi zinazoweza kufunga nitrojeni. Mradi huo umegawanywa katika malengo kadhaa ya uendeshaji kama ilivyoonyeshwa hapa chini: • Kuhamasisha kuanzishwa kwa symbiosis bora kati ya viumbe vidogo na mmea wa mwenyeji; • Kufanya mtihani wa awali wa revegetation kwenye tovuti ya uchimbaji wa madini mwishoni mwa operesheni ili kupima uwezo wa kuanzisha tena spishi tofauti; • Kufanya taarifa ya awali ya ubora wa udongo kabla ya revegetation kupitia matumizi ya bioindicator.