Your perineum is the thin layer of skin between your genitals (vaginal opening or scrotum) and anus. Inside your body, your perineum consists of tissue that makes up the bottom of your pelvic cavity. It’s a common site for tears during childbirth. Minor tears may heal on their own, while major ones may require stitches.
Your perineum is the tiny patch of sensitive skin between your genitals (vaginal opening or scrotum) and anus, and it’s also the bottom region of your pelvic cavity. The perineum may refer to just the part of your body you can see (the skin in between your genitals and your anus). Perineum may also refer to the underlying structures inside your body beneath your pelvic floor.
The perineum is the small patch of flesh located between your vaginal opening and anus.
The perineum is the small patch of flesh located between your penis and anus.
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Your perineum is an erogenous zone. The skin covering your perineum contains multiple nerve endings that help with sexual arousal and response.
Inside your body, your perineum contains structures that help you pee, poop and have intercourse. If you’re a woman or assigned female at birth (AFAB), your perineum contains structures that help you give birth vaginally. Your perineum forms a foundation that helps support your pelvic floor muscles, which hold organs like your bladder, colon and reproductive organs in place.
Your perineum is between your genitals and your anus. This part of your perineum that you can see corresponds with structures inside your body that you can’t see. Internally, your perineum is located below the primary muscle of your pelvic floor (levator ani), and it stretches across your pelvic bones.
Diagrams sometimes show the perineum’s boundaries as diamond-shaped, with an imaginary line drawn from one sitz bone in your pelvis to the other. This imaginary line divides the diamond into two triangle-shaped regions: the urogenital triangle and the anal triangle.
A tough mass of fibromuscular tissue called the perineal body is located where your urogenital and anal triangles meet. It plays a significant role in supporting your pelvic floor and injures easily during childbirth.
The average perineum is about 1.5 inches (in) long if you’re AFAB (cisgender women, transgender men and nonbinary people with vaginas). It’s about 2 inches or more if you’re assigned male at birth, or AMAB (cisgender men, transgender women and nonbinary people with penises).
Underneath your perineum’s skin are multiple layers of connective tissue, fatty tissue, muscles and membranes. An important nerve called the pudendal nerve runs through your perineum and branches out into various parts of your anatomy, including your genitals, pelvic floor muscles and anus. This complex nerve network makes your perineum sensitive to sexual sensations and helps you pee and poop.
Childbirth is the most common cause of injury to your perineum. About 85% of people who give birth vaginally experience a torn perineum. Still, you can injure your perineum regardless of your sex.
Pain is the most common sign that something’s wrong with your perineum. After childbirth, you may experience pain from a torn perineum that makes it difficult to walk or sit.
Other symptoms may signal an issue with your perineum or a condition affecting the surrounding muscles or organs in your pelvic cavity, including:
Your provider can check for an injury, infection or other condition that’s affecting your perineum by doing a physical exam. The exam may include a digital rectal exam, where your provider places a gloved finger into your rectum to feel for any irregularities.
Imaging procedures can help your provider diagnose problems affecting your perineum:
Your provider can assess any cuts or tears on your perineum to determine whether you need stitches to repair your injury. In the meantime, pain management strategies can ease your symptoms as you heal.
Your provider may prescribe antibiotics or incise (cut) and drain an infected cyst. You may need surgery if you have severe hemorrhoids or nerve damage in your perineum.
You can’t prevent your perineum from tearing, but massaging it before childbirth and during delivery reduces the likelihood that it will tear.
Begin massaging your perineum around week 34 of your pregnancy.
Set aside massage sessions that last for five minutes. Plan to massage your perineum three to four times a week.
Carve out a time and space for massaging your perineum that allows you to feel as relaxed as possible. Before you begin, wash your hands with a mild soap to prevent bacteria from entering your vagina.
A note from Cleveland Clinic
Your perineum includes the delicate portion of skin between your genitals and anus and the underlying tissues that make up the bottom part of your pelvic cavity. It plays an important role in the structural integrity of your pelvis. That said, don’t be alarmed if your perineum tears during childbirth. Your tear may require stitches, but most injuries heal in time. Your healthcare provider can recommend pain management strategies that ease your symptoms as you heal.
Last reviewed by a Cleveland Clinic medical professional on 10/26/2022.
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Perineum ni tabaka la ngozi kati ya viungo vya uzazi (scrotum) na anus. Perineum ni sehemu ya mwili ambayo hufanyiza sehemu ya chini ya utando wa pelvic. Ni mahali pa kawaida pa machozi wakati wa kuzaa. Majeraha madogo yaweza kupona yenyewe, ilhali makubwa yaweza kuhitaji kushonwa. Perineum ni sehemu ndogo ya ngozi nyeti kati ya viungo vyako vya uzazi (kufungua mkojo au scrotum) na anus, na pia ni eneo la chini la shimo lako la pelvic. Perineum ni sehemu ya mwili unaoweza kuiona (kifuniko kilicho kati ya viungo vya uzazi na pua). Perineum pia inaweza kurejelea miundo ya chini ndani ya mwili wako chini ya sakafu yako ya pelvic. Perineum ni sehemu ndogo ya mwili iliyo kati ya sehemu ya ndani ya tumbo la uzazi na sehemu ya nyuma ya tumbo. Perineum ni sehemu ndogo ya mwili iliyo kati ya penis na anus. Kliniki ya Cleveland ni kituo cha matibabu cha kitaaluma kisicho cha faida. Matangazo ya biashara kwenye tovuti yetu husaidia kuunga mkono utume wetu. Hatupendekezi bidhaa au huduma zisizo za Kliniki ya Cleveland. Perineum ni eneo la erogenous. Ngozi inayofunika perineum yako ina mwisho wa neva nyingi ambazo husaidia kuamsha na kujibu kingono. Perineum ni sehemu ya mwili ambayo huwezesha kufanya kazi kama vile kuoga, kukohoa na kufanya ngono. Ikiwa wewe ni mwanamke au mwanamke aliyewekwa wakati wa kuzaliwa (AFAB), perineum yako ina miundo inayokusaidia kuzaa kwa njia ya mkojo. Perineum ni msingi wa misuli ya sakafu ya pelvic ambayo huhifadhi viungo kama vile kibofu cha mkojo, utumbo, na viungo vya uzazi. Perineum ni sehemu ya kati ya viungo vya uzazi na mkojo. Sehemu hii ya perineum yako ambayo unaweza kuona inalingana na miundo ndani ya mwili wako ambayo huwezi kuona. Perineum iko chini ya misuli ya msingi ya sakafu ya pelvic (levator ani) na inaenea kwenye mifupa ya pelvic. Nyakati nyingine michoro huonyesha mipaka ya perineum ikiwa na umbo la almasi, ikiwa na mstari wa kuwaziwa uliochorwa kutoka mfupa mmoja wa sitz katika paja lako hadi mwingine. Mstari huo wa kuwaziwa hugawanya almasi hiyo katika sehemu mbili zenye umbo la pembetatu: pembetatu ya mkojo na pembetatu ya tumbo. Mwili wa perineal ni sehemu ya mwili wa fibromuscular ambayo huunganisha sehemu ya urogenital na ya anal. Ina jukumu muhimu katika kuunga mkono sakafu yako ya pelvic na kuumia kwa urahisi wakati wa kuzaa. Perineum ni wastani wa inchi 1.5 kwa muda mrefu kama wewe ni AFAB (wanawake wa jinsia, wanaume wa transgender na watu wasio wa binary na vagina). "Hiyo ni sawa na ""mwanamume"" au ""mwanamume"" au ""mwanamume"" au ""mwanamume"" au ""mwanamke"" au ""mwanamke"" au ""mwanamke"" au ""mwanamke"" au ""mwanamke"" au ""mwanamke"" au ""mwanamke"" au ""mwanamke"" au ""mwanamke"" au ""mwanamke"" au ""mwanamke"" au ""mwanamke"" au ""mwanamke"" au ""mwanamke.""" Chini ya ngozi ya perineum yako kuna tabaka nyingi za tishu ya kuunganisha, tishu ya mafuta, misuli na utando. Mfupa wa pudendal unaendesha kupitia perineum na matawi katika sehemu mbalimbali za mwili wako, ikiwa ni pamoja na viungo vya uzazi, misuli ya sakafu ya pelvic na anus. Mtandao huu tata wa neva hufanya perineum yako iwe nyeti kwa hisia za kingono na kukusaidia kuoga na kuteleza. Kuzaa ni moja ya sababu za kawaida za kuumia kwa perineum. Karibu asilimia 85 ya wanawake wanaozaa kwa njia ya mkojo hupata mkojo wa perineum. Hata hivyo, unaweza kuumia kwa sababu ya kuumia kwa perineum, bila kujali jinsia yako. Maumivu ni ishara ya kawaida ya kwamba kuna kitu kibaya na perineum yako. Baada ya kuzaa, unaweza kupata maumivu kutokana na kuvunjika kwa perineum ambayo hufanya iwe vigumu kutembea au kukaa. Dalili nyingine zinaweza kuashiria tatizo la perineum yako au hali inayoathiri misuli au viungo vya karibu katika shimo lako la pelvic, ikiwa ni pamoja na: Mtoa huduma wako anaweza kuangalia kwa jeraha, maambukizi au hali nyingine ambayo inaathiri perineum yako kwa kufanya uchunguzi wa kimwili. Uchunguzi wa rectal unaweza kujumuisha uchunguzi wa digital, ambapo mtoa huduma wako huweka kidole kilicho na glavu ndani ya rectum yako ili kuhisi yoyote isiyo ya kawaida. Utafiti wa picha unaweza kusaidia mtoa huduma wako kugundua matatizo yanayohusu perineum yako, na inaweza kukadiria vipande au nyufa kwenye perineum yako ili kuamua ikiwa unahitaji kushona ili kurekebisha jeraha lako. Wakati huohuo, mbinu za kudhibiti maumivu zaweza kupunguza dalili zako unapopona. Mtoaji wako wa matibabu anaweza kuagiza dawa za kuua viini au kukata (kukata) na kuondoa kibofu kilichoambukizwa. Unaweza kuhitaji upasuaji ikiwa una hemorrhoids kali au uharibifu wa neva katika perineum yako. Huwezi kuzuia perineum yako isivunjike, lakini kuichunga kabla ya kuzaa na wakati wa kujifungua hupunguza uwezekano wa kuvunjika. Anza kuosha perineum yako karibu wiki ya 34 ya ujauzito. Weka kando vipindi vya kutikisa ambavyo huchukua dakika tano. Piga masaji ya perineum mara tatu au nne kwa wiki. Panga wakati na nafasi ya kuosha perineum yako ili uweze kujisikia vizuri. Kabla ya kuanza, osha mikono yako kwa sabuni laini ili kuzuia bakteria kuingia kwenye tumbo lako la uzazi. Perineum ni sehemu ya ngozi iliyo kati ya viungo vyako vya uzazi na mkojo na tishu zilizo chini ya sehemu ya chini ya shimo la pelvic. Ina jukumu muhimu katika uadilifu wa muundo wa paji la uso. Hata hivyo, usishangae ikiwa utumbo wako wa ndani unatarajiwa kupasuka wakati wa kujifungua. Huenda kidonda chako kikahitaji kushonwa, lakini majeraha mengi hupona kwa wakati. Mtoa huduma wako wa afya anaweza kupendekeza mikakati ya usimamizi wa maumivu ambayo hupunguza dalili zako unapopona. Msaada wa mwisho uliotolewa na kliniki ya Cleveland mnamo 10 26 2022 Jifunze zaidi kuhusu mchakato wetu wa uhariri.