Chickenpox is a very contagious infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus.It mainly affects kids, but adults can get it, too. The telltale sign of chickenpox is a super-itchy skin rash with red blisters. Over the course of several days, the blisters pop and start to leak. Then they crust and scab over before finally healing.
Symptoms appear within 10 to 21 days after you’ve been in contact with someone who has the virus. Most people recover in about 2 weeks. Chickenpox is generally mild, especially in children. But in severe cases, the blisters can spread to your nose, mouth, eyes, and even genitals.
An itchy rash is the most common symptom of chickenpox.
The infection will have to be in the body for around 7 to 21 days before the rash and other symptoms develop. They start to be contagious to those around up to 48 hours before the skin rash starts to occur.
The non-rash symptoms may last a few days and include :
One or two days after experience these symptoms, the classic rash will begin to develop.
The rash goes through three phases before recovery. These include :
The bumps on the body will not all be in the same phase at the same time. New bumps will continuously appear throughout the infection. The rash may be very itchy, especially before it scabs over with a crust.
They are still contagious until all the blisters on the body have scabbed over. The crusty scabbed areas eventually fall off. It takes seven to 14 days to disappear completely.
The symptoms of a chickenpox infection appear around 7 to 21 days after exposure to the varicella-zoster virus. The early symptoms of chickenpox are vague and include a headache, tiredness, fever, appetite loss, nausea, and body aches.
Following these symptoms, rash and eruptions appear on the skin. The eruptions are fluid-filled vesicles/blisters or pustules (pus-filled eruptions). The eruptions break open and ooze the liquid. Afterward, crusts form over the eruptions. At a given time the blistered eruptions, as well as crusted eruptions both, may be present simultaneously.
The eruptions firstly develop on the face, torso followed by their spread to other body parts. The eruptions can be severely itchy. But scratching the eruptions should be avoided as it increases the chances of severe skin infection.In severe cases, the eruptions can spread to the eyes, throat and the mucous membranes of anal area and urethra.
It usually takes around 7 to 10 days for all the eruptions to heal and get covered with scabs.A person with chickenpox is contagious from one to two days before the eruptions appear and continue being so until all the eruptions get scabbed over.
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox infection. Most cases occur through contact with an infected person. The virus is contagious to those around you for one to two days before your blisters appear.VZV remains contagious until all blisters have crusted over.
The virus can spread through :
They spread very easily. They can get the virus by breathing in particles that come from chickenpox blisters or by touching something on which the particles landed. Chickenpox is most contagious from 1 to 2 days before the rash appears until all the blisters are dried and crusted.
The best way to prevent the spread of the virus is to get the varicella vaccine. Children who’ve never had chickenpox should get two doses of the vaccine - the first at 12 to 15 months of age, and the second between ages 4 and 6 yrs. People over age 13 who’ve never been vaccinated should get two doses of the vaccine at least 28 days apart.
Exposure to the virus through previous active infection or vaccination reduces risk. Immunity from the virus can be passed on from a mother to her newborn. Immunity lasts about three months from birth.
Anyone who has not been exposed may contract the virus. Risk increases under any of these conditions:
Chickenpox can lead to complications including
If a pregnant woman gets chickenpox, then certain complications may arise in the baby including :
This remedy may be indicated when eruptions are large and slow to emerge. The child feels sweaty and fussy, and maybe nauseous with a white-coated tongue. If chest congestion with a rattling cough develops, or a bubbly sound on breathing, Antimonium tart is likely to be the appropriate remedy.
A child who needs this remedy is often sweet and tearful when ill and wants a lot of attention and comfort. Itching and other discomforts are worse from warmth and in stuffy rooms, and improved by cool fresh air. The person is rarely thirsty, even during fever.
If itching is so severe that the person finds it impossible to keep from scratching—or if eruptions have a nagging, burning pain—this remedy may bring relief. The symptoms (and the person) become worse from warmth and aggravated after bathing. Both heat and chills are felt during fever. The person may feel drowsy in the afternoon and restless and hot at night.
A child who needs this remedy usually is irritable and may object to being touched or looked at. The eruptions are sore, and touching them may bring on shooting pains.
When this remedy is indicated, the skin around the eruptions is pink and puffy and very itchy, with stinging pains. The eyelids may also be swollen. The person feels worse from warmth, is irritable, and usually is not thirsty.
This remedy is indicated when a child is hot and feverish, with a red flushed face, and eyes that are sensitive to light. A pounding headache may be felt, accompanied by either restlessness or drowsiness. The rash usually is red, with a feeling of heat and throbbing.
When fever persists for several days during chicken pox and a dry nagging cough develop, this remedy may be useful. The person's mouth is dry, with a thirst for long cold drinks. The person may be very grumpy, feel worse from motion, and dislike being interfered with in any way.
This remedy may be indicated if eruptions are large and become infected. The child is very sensitive to temperature changes and feels worse at night. Perspiration and drooling during sleep, swollen lymph nodes, and offensive breath are strong indications for Mercurius.
This remedy is useful in cases of chickenpox with tremendous itching that is worse from scratching and relieved by warm baths or applying heat. The child may be very restless, both physically and mentally. The eyes may become inflamed and sticky. Muscles can ache and feel very stiff, also be relieved by warmth and gentle motion.
Vimelea vya maji ni ugonjwa wa kuambukiza unaosababishwa na virusi vya varicella-zoster, ambao huathiri watoto na watu wazima pia. Dalili ya ugonjwa wa ugonjwa wa chickenpox ni mchochota wa ngozi unaochoma sana na vidonda vyekundu. Baada ya siku kadhaa, vidonda hivyo huanza kutiririka. Kisha hufanyiza ganda na makovu kabla ya kupona hatimaye. Dalili za ugonjwa huo huonekana baada ya siku 10 hadi 21 baada ya mtu kuwasiliana na mtu aliye na virusi hivyo. Watu wengi hupona baada ya wiki mbili. Kwa kawaida ugonjwa wa chickenpox ni wa hali ya chini, hasa kwa watoto. Katika hali mbaya, vidonda vinaweza kuenea kwenye pua, mdomo, macho, na hata viungo vya uzazi. Uvimbe unaochoma ni dalili ya kawaida ya ugonjwa wa chickenpox. Ugonjwa huo unahitaji kuwa ndani ya mwili kwa siku 7 hadi 21 kabla ya kuibuka kwa mchochota na dalili nyingine. Inaweza kuambukiza kwa watu karibu na 48 masaa kabla ya kuibuka kwa ngozi. Dalili zisizo za kuvuja zinaweza kudumu kwa siku chache na ni pamoja na: Siku moja au mbili baada ya uzoefu wa dalili hizi, kuvuja kwa kawaida huanza kuendeleza. Maambukizo hayo hupitia hatua tatu kabla ya kupona. Hii ni pamoja na: bumps juu ya mwili si wote kuwa katika awamu moja kwa wakati mmoja. Vipande vipya vitatokea daima wakati wa maambukizo. Huenda kidonda hicho kikaanza kukwaruza sana, hasa kabla ya kufunikwa na magamba. Bado ni zenye kuambukiza mpaka vidonda vyote kwenye mwili vimeondolewa. Hatimaye, sehemu zenye makapi huanguka. Inachukua siku 7 hadi 14 kupotea kabisa. Dalili za ugonjwa wa chickenpox huonekana siku 7 hadi 21 baada ya kuambukizwa virusi vya varicella-zoster. Dalili za mapema za ugonjwa wa chickenpox si dhahiri na zinatia ndani maumivu ya kichwa, uchovu, homa, kupoteza hamu ya kula, kichefuchefu, na maumivu ya mwili. Baada ya dalili hizo, mlipuko na vidonda huonekana kwenye ngozi. Mlipuko ni vesicles kujazwa na kioevu / blisters au pustules (mlipuko kujazwa na pus). Mlipuko huo hufunguka na kutoa umajimaji. Baadaye, makapi hufanyizwa juu ya milipuko hiyo. Wakati fulani milipuko ya mlipuko, pamoja na milipuko ya makapi yote mawili, inaweza kuwapo kwa wakati mmoja. Maambukizo hayo huanza kwenye uso, kisha kwenye mwili na kuenea kwenye sehemu nyingine za mwili. Mlipuko huo waweza kuuma sana. Kuondoa mkojo kwa njia ya mkojo ni jambo la kawaida, lakini kwa sababu ya uwezekano mkubwa wa kuambukizwa na ugonjwa wa ngozi, mkojo unaweza kuenea kwenye macho, koo, na utando wa mkojo wa eneo la anal na urethra. Kwa kawaida inachukua siku 7 hadi 10 kwa milipuko yote ya kupasuka na kufunikwa na scabs. mtu mwenye chickenpox ni kuambukiza kutoka siku moja hadi mbili kabla ya milipuko kuonekana na kuendelea kuwa hivyo mpaka milipuko yote ya kupasuka. Virusi vya varicella-zoster (VZV) husababisha maambukizi ya ugonjwa wa chickenpox. Matukio mengi hutokea kwa kuwasiliana na mtu aliyeambukizwa. Virusi vya Zika huambukiza watu wanaokuzunguka kwa siku moja hadi mbili kabla ya kuonekana kwa vidonda.VZV inabaki kuambukiza hadi vidonda vyote vimefunikwa. Virusi vinaweza kuenea kwa njia ya: Wanaenea kwa urahisi sana. Wanaweza kuambukizwa virusi hivyo kwa kupumua chembechembe zinazotokana na chembechembe za chickenpox au kwa kugusa kitu ambacho chembechembe hizo zimewasili. Ugonjwa wa chickenpox huambukiza zaidi siku moja hadi mbili kabla ya kuonekana kwa mlipuko, mpaka vidonda vyote vikauka na kuwa na makapi. Njia bora ya kuzuia kuenea kwa virusi ni kupata chanjo ya varicella. Watoto ambao hawajawahi kupata ugonjwa wa chickenpox wanapaswa kupigwa chanjo mara mbili - ya kwanza wakati wa miezi 12 hadi 15 na ya pili wakati wa umri wa miaka 4 hadi 6. Watu wenye umri wa miaka 13 na zaidi ambao hawajawahi kupigwa chanjo wanapaswa kupata dozi mbili za chanjo angalau siku 28 mbali. Kuambukizwa virusi kupitia maambukizi ya awali au chanjo hupunguza hatari. Kinga dhidi ya virusi hivyo yaweza kupitishwa kutoka kwa mama hadi kwa mtoto wake mchanga. Kinga huendelea kwa miezi mitatu hivi baada ya kuzaliwa. Mtu yeyote ambaye hajawahi kuambukizwa virusi hivyo anaweza kuambukizwa. Ugonjwa wa chickenpox unaweza kusababisha matatizo kama vile: ikiwa mwanamke mjamzito anapata chickenpox, basi matatizo fulani yanaweza kutokea kwa mtoto, ikiwa ni pamoja na: Mtoto huhisi mchafu na mwenye wasiwasi, na labda ana kichefuchefu na ulimi uliofunikwa kwa rangi nyeupe. Ikiwa ugonjwa wa kifua na kikohozi cha rattling huendelea, au sauti ya bubbly juu ya kupumua, Antimonium tart inawezekana kuwa tiba inayofaa. Mtoto anayehitaji dawa hii mara nyingi ni mpole na mwenye kulia anapokuwa mgonjwa na anataka uangalifu na faraja nyingi. Kucheka na matatizo mengine ni mabaya zaidi kutokana na joto na katika vyumba vyenye joto, na hupunguzwa na hewa safi baridi. Ni nadra sana mtu huyo kuwa na kiu, hata anapokuwa na homa. Ikiwa kukwaruza ni kali sana hivi kwamba mtu huyo hawezi kujizuia kukwaruza - au ikiwa milipuko ina maumivu makali, yenye kuchoma - dawa hii yaweza kuleta kitulizo. Dalili (na mtu) huzidi kuwa mbaya kutokana na joto na kuzidi kuwa mbaya baada ya kuoga. Joto na baridi-kibichi huhisiwa wakati wa homa. Mtu huyo aweza kuhisi usingizi alasiri na kuwa na wasiwasi na joto usiku. Kwa kawaida mtoto anayehitaji tiba hiyo huwa mwenye kukasirika na huenda akakataa kuguswa au kutazamwa. Mlipuko huo ni wenye kuumiza, na kuugusa kwaweza kusababisha maumivu makali. Wakati dawa hii inapopendekezwa, ngozi inayozunguka milipuko hiyo huwa na rangi ya waridi na hufurika na huchoma sana, na kuwa na maumivu makali. Pia, kiwiko cha jicho kinaweza kuvimba. Mtu huyo huhisi vibaya zaidi kutokana na joto, ni mwenye kukasirika, na kwa kawaida hana kiu. Dawa hii huonyeshwa wakati mtoto anapokuwa na joto na homa, akiwa na uso mwekundu, na macho yanayoathiriwa na nuru. Huenda ukahisi maumivu makali ya kichwa, yakifuatana na kukosa utulivu au usingizi. Kwa kawaida mlipuko huo huwa mwekundu, na huonekana kuwa moto na unagonga. Wakati homa inapoendelea kwa siku kadhaa wakati wa ugonjwa wa chicken pox na kikohozi kavu kinachosumbua kinatokea, dawa hii yaweza kuwa na manufaa. Mdomo wa mtu huyo ni kavu, na ana kiu cha kunywa vinywaji baridi kwa muda mrefu. Huenda mtu huyo akawa mwenye hasira sana, akihisi vibaya zaidi kwa sababu ya mwendo, na asipendezwe na kuingiliwa kwa njia yoyote. Dawa hii yaweza kuonyeshwa ikiwa milipuko ni mikubwa na kuambukizwa. Mtoto huyo huathiriwa sana na mabadiliko ya halijoto na huhisi vibaya zaidi usiku. Kutokwa na jasho na kutokwa na umajimaji wakati wa usingizi, uvimbe wa tezi za limfu, na pumzi mbaya ni dalili zenye nguvu za Mercury. Dawa hii ni muhimu katika kesi za chickenpox na kukwaruza kubwa ambayo ni mbaya zaidi kutoka scratching na kuondolewa na kuoga joto au kutumia joto. Huenda mtoto akawa na wasiwasi sana, kimwili na kiakili. Macho yaweza kuwaka na kuwa yenye kunata. Misuli inaweza kuumiza na kuhisi ngumu sana, pia kupunguzwa na joto na mwendo laini.