Tired of hearing neuroscience, and brain imaging in particular, dismissed as trendy and overblown?
In this Sunday’s review section of the New York Times, Nobel Prize winner Eric Kandel cited research by Emory psychiatrist Helen Mayberg and colleagues (published in JAMA Psychiatry) as a good example of research with potential for substantive impact for the treatment of mental illness:
Â In a recent study of people with depression, Professor Mayberg gave each person one of two types of treatment: cognitive behavioral therapy, a form of psychotherapy that trains people to view their feelings in more positive terms, or an antidepressant medication. She http://www.raybani.com/ found that people who started with below-average baseline activity in the right anterior insula responded well to cognitive behavioral therapy, but not to the antidepressant. People with above-average activity responded to the antidepressant, but not to cognitive behavioral therapy. Thus, Professor Mayberg found that she could predict a depressed personâ€™s response to specific treatments from the baseline activity in the right anterior insula.
These results show us four very important things about the biology of mental disorders.Â First, the neural circuits disturbed by psychiatric disorders are likely to be very complex.Â Second, we can identify specific, measurable markers of a mental disorder, and those biomarkers can predict the outcome of two different treatments: psychotherapy and medication.Â Third, psychotherapy is a biological treatment, a brain therapy. It produces lasting, detectable physical changes in our brain, much as learning does.Â And fourth, the effects of psychotherapy can be studied empirically…
National Institutes of Mental Health director Thomas Insel also has commented on the technique’s clinical potential.
â€œFor the treatment of mental disorders, brain imaging Ray Ban outlet remains primarily a research tool, yet these results demonstrate how it may be on the cusp of aiding in clinical decision-making,â€ Insel said in a NIMH press releaseÂ earlier this summer.
Je, umechoka kusikia sayansi ya neva, na hasa upigaji picha wa ubongo, ukikataliwa kuwa wa kisasa na uliopinduliwa? Katika sehemu ya ukaguzi wa Jumapili hii ya New York Times, mshindi wa Tuzo ya Nobel Eric Kandel alitaja utafiti uliofanywa na daktari wa akili wa Emory Helen Mayberg na wenzake (kuchapishwa katika JAMA Psychiatry) kama mfano mzuri wa utafiti na uwezekano wa athari kubwa kwa matibabu ya ugonjwa wa akili: Katika utafiti wa hivi karibuni wa watu wenye unyogovu, Profesa Mayberg alimpa kila mtu moja ya aina mbili za matibabu: tiba ya tabia ya utambuzi, aina ya psychotherapy ambayo inawafundisha watu kuona hisia zao katika maneno mazuri zaidi. "Kama ilivyoelezwa hapo juu, ""Watu ambao walianza na shughuli ya msingi chini ya wastani katika insula ya mbele ya kulia walijibu vizuri kwa tiba ya tabia ya utambuzi, lakini sio kwa dawa ya antidepressant.""" Watu wenye utendaji ulio juu ya wastani waliitikia dawa ya kukandamiza, lakini si tiba ya tabia ya utambuzi. Kwa hivyo, Profesa Mayberg alipata kwamba angeweza kutabiri majibu ya mtu mwenye kushuka moyo kwa matibabu maalum kutoka kwa shughuli ya msingi katika insula ya mbele ya kulia. "Hizi matokeo kuonyesha mambo manne muhimu sana kuhusu biolojia ya matatizo ya akili: Kwanza, mizunguko ya neva kuvurugwa na matatizo ya akili ni uwezekano wa kuwa tata sana; Pili, tunaweza kutambua maalum, kipimo alama ya matatizo ya akili, na biomarker hizo inaweza kutabiri matokeo ya matibabu mawili tofauti: psychotherapy na dawa. """ "Kama ilivyoelezwa hapo juu, ""Mafunzo ya kisaikolojia yanaweza kuchunguzwa kwa uzoefu"" - Thomas Insel, Mkurugenzi wa Taasisi ya Kitaifa ya Afya ya Akili, anasema." "Kwa matibabu ya matatizo ya akili, picha ya ubongo bado ni chombo cha utafiti, lakini matokeo haya yanaonyesha jinsi inaweza kuwa juu ya kusaidia katika maamuzi ya kliniki, ""Insel alisema katika taarifa ya vyombo vya habari ya NIMH mapema majira ya joto."