by Matt Digan
Political campaigns in the United States have had a long and storied history with music. From the inventive and effective “Tippecanoe and Tyler Too” that sang the praises of the Whig Party’s candidates for president and vice president in the 1840 presidential election, to John McCain’s use of Chuck Berry’s “Johnny B. Goode” in his 2008 run for president, music has played an integral role in political campaigns for centuries. Such widespread use of music in political campaigns raises the question of what role the actual artists have in controlling who may use their music and in what context.
The manner in which a campaign uses or intends to use a given song is arguably the most important element in evaluating this question. If a campaign merely intends to use a song to warm up crowds before rallies at various venues around the country, the campaign only needs to obtain a public performance license from a performing rights organization like Broadcast Music, Inc. (BMI) or the American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers (ASCAP).[i] Acquiring a license from one of these performing rights organizations does not involve directly contracting with the artists behind the songs and grants a campaign access to millions of songs, though, in the case of ASCAP, members may ask ASCAP to exclude specific songs from a particular political campaign’s license.[ii] Campaigns do not usually stir up trouble making use of these types of licenses because they are overwhelming used for activities like playing songs for crowds while they wait for the candidate to come on stage—the uses are not particularly political or potentially controversial.
However, a campaign may seek to go beyond such an apolitical use and instead use a song in a more central role, such as a theme for the candidate and/or campaign message. In these instances, ASCAP recommends that campaigns reach out to the artists for permission because such uses implicate more than just copyright law.[iii] An artist’s right of publicity, which provides image protection for famous individuals, and issues of false endorsement, which protects an individual from appearing to support or endorse a product, person, or message, may also be implicated by such a use.[iv] The closer a song is tied to the image or message of the candidate or campaign, the more likely it is that the artist can successfully sue under these rights.[v] The list below includes several examples of attempts to connect a song with a campaign’s image or message.
Further, if a campaign wishes to use a song in an ad, they must usually obtain both a sync license and a master use license. To learn more about the various types of music licenses that exist, see our blog on the topic. The campaign will likely need to contract with the song’s publisher and the artist’s record label in order to obtain the necessary licenses. The publisher, record label, and artist can decide if and how they want the artist’s music associated with a particular political campaign. The list below contains an example of a campaign allegedly using a song in an ad without obtaining the necessary licenses.
A campaign could also attempt to use a song in an ad without licenses under copyright fair use principles. There is no clear line between what is a fair use and what is not; an evaluation of fair use involves considering: (1) the purpose and character of the use, (2) the nature of the copyrighted work, (3) the amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole, and (4) the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work.[vi] However, testing a campaign’s copyright fair use of a song in a given ad would not come until a lawsuit was filed by the copyright owner; and campaigns—wishing to avoid unnecessary expenses and complications—are far more likely to seek the necessary licenses rather than risk litigation.
Finally, artists have the simple power of leveraging their fame and platform to pressure campaigns into ceasing the use of their music, either through the media, a cease and desist letter, or any other means to affect the desired outcome. In such instances, campaigns usually comply with the artists to avoid risking a public relations issue, to minimize embarrassment to the campaign or candidate, etc.
Here are five notable clashes between musical artists and political campaigns.
1. Bruce Springsteen v. Ronald Reagan, Bob Dole, Pat Buchanan, and All of America
Pretty much since the initial release of the Boss’ 1984 hit single, “Born in the U.S.A,” Americans of all stripes have been misinterpreting and misapplying the song. It is easy to mistake the song, with its rousing chorus, as a full-throated expression of patriotism and pride in being born in the United States, but the actual lyrics of the song espouse a darker and far more cynical outlook on American life. The song follows a young American from small town America, to the jungles of Vietnam, back to his small town, with all of the trials and tribulations along the way.[vii]
Springsteen himself has long been associated with the Democratic Party and has repeatedly expressed his displeasure with Republican candidates for president using his songs—especially “Born in the U.S.A.”[viii] President Reagan’s campaign asked Springsteen if they could use the song in the President’s 1984 reelection, but Springsteen refused—an example of a campaign hoping to center a song as a theme of the campaign. Bob Dole in 1996 and Pat Buchanan in 2000 each used the song until Springsteen publicly disavowed its use, and in response both campaigns stopped using the song. However, as long as we have Memorial Day parties, July 4th parties, Labor Day parties, and political campaigns, people will likely continue to misinterpret “Born in the U.S.A.”
2. John Mellencamp v. Ronald Reagan, George W. Bush, John McCain
Much like Bruce Springsteen, John Mellencamp is often mistakenly identified as a conservative based on his music and the central place the American heartland has in that music. However, Mellencamp has described himself “as left-wing as you can get,” and has performed for Democratic political campaigns over the years.[ix] That has not stopped the likes of Ronald Reagan, George W. Bush, and John McCain from wanting to use his songs—most notably “Pink Houses”—at their political events. Mellencamp discouraged Reagan from using “Pink Houses” in his 1984 campaign when representatives for the campaign reached out, and he requested that the John McCain campaign stop using “Our Country” and “Pink Houses” at his events during the 2008 Republican primary. Additionally, Mellencamp requested that Bush stop using “R.O.C.K in the U.S.A” in 2000, and in each of these instances, the campaigns agreed to either stop using the songs or not use them in the first place.[x]
3. Nickelback v. Donald Trump
In October 2019, President Trump tweeted out an edited clip from Canadian rock band Nickelback’s 2005 hit “Photograph” that depicted lead singer Chad Kroeger holding a photo of then-Vice President Joe Biden, his son, and a Ukrainian gas company board member.[xi] Less than a day after being tweeted out, the clip itself was removed by Twitter after they received a copyright complaint filed on behalf of Nickelback by Warner Music Inc.[xii] It would have been interesting to see whether President Trump’s clip amounted to a fair use of both the song and music video, but the use of Twitter’s copyright complaint system does not require an evaluation of fair use.
4. Sam Moore v. Barack Obama
During the 2008 presidential election, the Obama campaign took to playing Sam Moore’s “Hold on, I’m Comin” at rallies, during which attendees would sing, “hold on, Obama’s comin’.”[xiii] The soul music legend himself wrote a letter requesting that they stop using the song because he had not endorsed Obama for president and did not want their use of his song to be mistaken as such an endorsement.[xiv] The Obama campaign stopped using the song and Moore would eventually go on to perform at President Obama’s inaugural ball in 2009.[xv]
5. David Byrne v. Charlie Crist
During his 2010 campaign for a Senate seat in Florida against Marco Rubio, former Florida governor Charlie Crist used the Talking Heads song “Road to Nowhere” in an attack ad against Rubio.[xvi] Talking Heads lead singer and songwriter, David Byrne, then filed a lawsuit against Charlie Crist for the unauthorized use of the band’s song, alleging that the Crist campaign had not acquired the proper licenses. In 2011, the lawsuit was settled between the two out of court, with Crist releasing a video to YouTube apologizing for the whole incident. In a statement released by Byrne alongside the announcement of the settlement, he confessed his surprise upon learning that the unauthorized use of pop songs in political ads was very common in the United States.[xvii] If only we
[i] Using Music in Political Campaigns: What you should know, ASCAP (accessed Nov. 19, 2020), https://www.ascap.com/~/media/files/pdf/advocacy-legislation/political_campaign.pdf.
[vi] Ask the alliance, Copyright Alliance (accessed Nov. 19, 2020), https://copyrightalliance.org/ca_faq_post/political-campaign-music-other-copyrighted-works/.
[vii] Josh Terry, Politicians Have Always Misunderstood Springsteen’s ‘Born in the U.S.A,’ Vice (Oct. 5, 2020), https://www.vice.com/en/article/pkyjvn/misunderstood-bruce-springsteens-born-in-the-usa-trump.
[ix] Eveline Chao, Stop Using My Song: 35 Artists Who Fought Politicians Over Their Music, Rolling Stone (Jul. 8, 2015), https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-lists/stop-using-my-song-35-artists-who-fought-politicians-over-their-music-75611/bruce-springsteen-vs-ronald-reagan-bob-dole-and-pat-buchanan-28730/.
[xi] Emma Specter, Donald Trump vs. Nickelback: The Twitter Feud Nobody Was Expecting, Vogue (Oct. 3, 2019), https://www.vogue.com/article/donald-trump-nickelback-photograph-meme-takedown.
[xii] Devan Cole and Donie O’Sullivan, Twitter removes Trump’s Nickelback video after copyright complaint, CNN (Oct. 3, 2019), https://www.cnn.com/2019/10/03/politics/twitter-donald-trump-nickelback-tweet-copyright-complaint-trnd/index.html.
[xiii] Eveline Chao, Stop Using My Song: 35 Artists Who Fought Politicians Over Their Music, https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-lists/stop-using-my-song-35-artists-who-fought-politicians-over-their-music-75611/bruce-springsteen-vs-ronald-reagan-bob-dole-and-pat-buchanan-28730/.
[xiv] Stephen Davis, Do Rock Stars Dislike Democrats, Too?, Slate (Jun. 30, 2011), http://www.slate.com/blogs/browbeat/2011/06/30/has_a_rock_star_ever_sued_a_democrat_for_using_a_song_in_a_campa.html.
[xv] Eveline Chao, Stop Using My Song: 35 Artists Who Fought Politicians Over Their Music, https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-lists/stop-using-my-song-35-artists-who-fought-politicians-over-their-music-75611/bruce-springsteen-vs-ronald-reagan-bob-dole-and-pat-buchanan-28730/.
[xvi] Matthew Perpetua, David Byrne Wins Settlement Over Unauthorized Political Ad, Rolling Stone (Apr. 12, 2011), https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/david-byrne-wins-settlement-over-unauthorized-political-ad-188523/.
Kampeni za kisiasa nchini Marekani zimekuwa na historia ndefu na yenye hadithi na muziki. "Kutoka kwa ""Tippecanoe na Tyler Too"" waliopiga nyimbo za sifa za wagombea wa Whig Party kwa rais na makamu wa rais katika uchaguzi wa 1840 hadi John McCain kutumia Chuck Berry ""Johnny B. Goode"" katika kampeni yake ya 2008 kwa rais, muziki umekuwa na jukumu muhimu katika kampeni za kisiasa kwa karne nyingi." "Utumizi huu wa muziki katika kampeni za kisiasa unaibua swali la ""Ni jukumu gani la wasanii halisi katika kudhibiti ni nani anayeweza kutumia muziki wao na katika muktadha gani.""" Njia ambayo kampeni hutumia au inakusudia kutumia wimbo fulani ni jambo muhimu zaidi katika kutathmini swali hili. "Kama kampeni inakusudia tu kutumia wimbo ili kupasha joto umati kabla ya maandamano katika maeneo mbalimbali nchini, kampeni inahitaji tu kupata leseni ya utendaji wa umma kutoka kwa shirika la haki za utendaji kama ""Broadcast Music, Inc. (BMI) "" au ""American Society of Composers, Authors, na Publishers (CAPAS)." """Kupata leseni kutoka kwa moja ya mashirika haya ya haki za uigizaji hauhusishi mkataba wa moja kwa moja na wasanii nyuma ya nyimbo na hutoa upatikanaji wa kampeni kwa mamilioni ya nyimbo, ingawa, katika kesi ya ASCAP, wanachama wanaweza kuomba ASCAP kuondoa nyimbo maalum kutoka leseni ya kampeni maalum ya kisiasa." [ii] Kampeni kwa kawaida hazisababisha shida kutumia aina hizi za leseni kwa sababu zinatumiwa sana kwa shughuli kama kucheza nyimbo kwa umati wakati wanangojea mgombea kuja jukwaani - matumizi haya si ya kisiasa au ya uwezekano wa utata. Hata hivyo, kampeni inaweza kutafuta kwenda zaidi ya matumizi ya kisiasa na badala yake kutumia wimbo katika jukumu kuu zaidi, kama vile mandhari kwa mgombea na ujumbe wa kampeni. Katika kesi hizi, ASCAP inapendekeza kwamba kampeni ziwafikie wasanii kwa ruhusa kwa sababu matumizi kama hayo yanahusisha zaidi ya sheria ya hakimiliki tu. Haki ya utangazaji wa msanii, ambayo hutoa ulinzi wa picha kwa watu mashuhuri, na masuala ya uthibitisho wa uwongo, ambayo inalinda mtu binafsi kutoka kuonekana kuunga mkono au kuunga mkono bidhaa, mtu, au ujumbe, pia inaweza kuhusishwa na matumizi kama hayo. """Kama wimbo unavyounganishwa kwa karibu na picha au ujumbe wa mgombea au kampeni, ndivyo uwezekano mkubwa zaidi ni kwamba msanii anaweza kushtaki kwa mafanikio chini ya haki hizi." [v] Orodha hapa chini inajumuisha mifano kadhaa ya majaribio ya kuunganisha wimbo na picha au ujumbe wa kampeni. Kwa kuongezea, ikiwa kampeni inataka kutumia wimbo katika tangazo, kwa kawaida lazima wapate leseni ya usawazishaji na leseni ya matumizi ya msingi. Ili kujifunza zaidi juu ya aina mbalimbali za leseni za muziki ambazo zipo, angalia blogi yetu juu ya mada hiyo. Kampeni hiyo yaelekea itahitaji kuwasiliana na mchapishaji wa wimbo huo na kampuni ya kurekodi ya msanii huyo ili kupata leseni zinazohitajika. Mchapishaji, studio ya kurekodi, na msanii wanaweza kuamua kama na jinsi wanataka muziki wa msanii kuhusishwa na kampeni fulani ya kisiasa. Orodha iliyo hapa chini ina mfano wa kampeni inayodaiwa kutumia wimbo katika tangazo bila kupata leseni zinazohitajika. Kampeni pia inaweza kujaribu kutumia wimbo katika tangazo bila leseni chini ya kanuni za matumizi ya haki ya hakimiliki. Kuna hakuna mstari wazi kati ya nini ni fair matumizi na nini si; tathmini ya fair matumizi inajumuisha kuzingatia: (1) kusudi na tabia ya matumizi, (2) asili ya kazi copyrighted, (3) kiasi na umuhimu wa sehemu kutumika kuhusiana na kazi copyrighted kwa ujumla, na (4) athari ya matumizi juu ya soko ya uwezekano kwa au thamani ya kazi copyrighted. Hata hivyo, kupima kampeni ya haki ya haki ya kutumia wimbo katika tangazo fulani haingekuja mpaka kesi iwasilishwe na mmiliki wa haki za haki; na kampeni zinazotaka kuepuka gharama zisizohitajika na matatizo ni uwezekano mkubwa zaidi wa kutafuta leseni muhimu badala ya hatari ya kesi. Mwishowe, wasanii wana nguvu rahisi ya kutumia umaarufu wao na jukwaa la kushinikiza kampeni kuacha matumizi ya muziki wao, ama kupitia vyombo vya habari, barua ya kusitisha na kuacha, au njia nyingine yoyote ya kuathiri matokeo yaliyotakiwa. Katika hali kama hizo, kampeni kwa kawaida hufuata wasanii ili kuepuka hatari ya suala la mahusiano ya umma, kupunguza aibu kwa kampeni au mgombea, nk. Hapa kuna mapigano matano mashuhuri kati ya wasanii wa muziki na kampeni za kisiasa. 1. Uwe na mtazamo wa kweli Bruce Springsteen vs. Ronald Reagan, Bob Dole, Pat Buchanan, na All of America: Tangu kutolewa kwa wimbo wa The Boss, Born in the U.S.A. mnamo 1984, Wamarekani wa kila aina wamekuwa wakitafsiri vibaya wimbo huo. Ni rahisi kuibadilisha wimbo huo, na wimbo wake wa kuvutia, kama usemi wa kizingiti wa uzalendo na fahari ya kuzaliwa nchini Marekani, lakini maneno halisi ya wimbo huo yanaonyesha mtazamo wa giza na wa kushangaza zaidi juu ya maisha ya Marekani. Wimbo huo unamfuata kijana mmoja kutoka mji mdogo wa Marekani hadi kwenye misitu ya Vietnam, na kurudi kwenye mji wake mdogo, na majaribu na dhiki zote njiani. Springsteen mwenyewe amekuwa akihusishwa na chama cha Democratic Party na mara kwa mara ameelezea kutoridhika kwake na wagombea wa Republican kwa rais kutumia nyimbo zake, haswa Born in the U.S.A. Kampeni ya Rais Reagan ilimuuliza Springsteen ikiwa wangeweza kutumia wimbo huo katika uchaguzi wa Rais, lakini Springsteen alikataa. Bob Dole na Pat Buchanan walitumia wimbo huo mwaka 1996 hadi Springsteen alipokataa kutumia wimbo huo. Hata hivyo, maadamu tuna vyama vya Siku ya Ukumbusho, vyama vya Julai 4, vyama vya Siku ya Wafanyakazi, na kampeni za kisiasa, watu watakuwa wakiendelea kutafsiri vibaya "Nilizaliwa nchini Marekani". "John Melancthon v. Ronald Reagan, George W. Bush, John McCain, na Bruce Springsteen, John Melancthon mara nyingi hutambuliwa kimakosa kama ""mshikamanifu"" kulingana na muziki wake na nafasi kuu ya moyo wa Marekani katika muziki huo." Hata hivyo, Mellencamp amejielezea mwenyewe "kama kushoto kama unaweza kupata", na amefanya kampeni za kisiasa za Kidemokrasia kwa miaka mingi. [ix] Hiyo haijazuia watu kama Ronald Reagan, George W. Bush, na John McCain kutaka kutumia nyimbo zake - hasa "Pink Houses" - katika matukio yao ya kisiasa. "Mellencamp alimshawishi Reagan kutotumia ""Nyumba za Waridi"" katika kampeni yake ya 1984 wakati wawakilishi wa kampeni hiyo walipofikia, na aliomba kampeni ya John McCain kuacha kutumia ""Nchi Yetu"" na ""Nyumba za Waridi"" katika matukio yake wakati wa uchaguzi mkuu wa Republican wa 2008." Mellencamp aliomba Bush kuacha kutumia ROCK katika Marekani mwaka 2000, na katika kila moja ya matukio haya, kampeni walikubaliana ama kuacha kutumia nyimbo au si kutumia yao katika nafasi ya kwanza. [x] 3. "Mwanzoni mwa Oktoba 2019, Trump alituma tweet ya ""Kupiga picha"" kutoka kwa bendi ya rock ya Canada Nickelback, ambayo ilionyesha mwimbaji Chad Kroeger akishikilia picha ya Makamu wa Rais wa wakati huo Joe Biden, mwanawe, na mwanachama wa bodi ya kampuni ya gesi ya Ukraine." "Kutokana na taarifa hiyo, Twitter iliondoa video hiyo baada ya kupokea malalamiko ya haki za uchapaji yaliyowasilishwa kwa niaba ya Nickelback na Warner Music Inc. ""Ilikuwa ya kuvutia kuona kama video ya Rais Trump ilifanana na matumizi ya haki ya wimbo na video ya muziki, lakini matumizi ya mfumo wa malalamiko ya haki za uchapaji wa Twitter haihitaji tathmini ya matumizi ya haki." 4. Uwe na uhakika "Mwanzoni mwa kampeni ya Obama, Sam Moore aliimba ""Hold on, I'm coming"" katika mikutano, ambapo wahudhuriaji waliimba ""Hold on, Obama is coming"" na ""Hold on, I'm coming"" wakati huo huo, na wakati huo huo, mashabiki waliimba ""Hold on, Obama is coming"" wakati wa kampeni ya Obama." Baada ya kampeni ya Obama kuacha kutumia wimbo huo, Moore aliendelea kuigiza kwenye sherehe ya kuapishwa kwa Rais Obama mwaka 2009. [xv] 5. "Mwaka 2010 wakati wa kampeni yake ya uchaguzi wa Seneti ya Florida dhidi ya Marco Rubio, Gavana wa zamani wa Florida Charlie Crist alitumia wimbo wa Talking Heads ""Road to Nowhere"" katika tangazo la shambulio dhidi ya Rubio." Mwimbaji na mwandishi wa nyimbo wa Talking Heads, David Byrne, aliwasilisha kesi dhidi ya Charlie Crist kwa matumizi yasiyoidhinishwa ya wimbo wa bendi hiyo, akidai kwamba kampeni ya Crist haikuwa imepata leseni sahihi. Miongoni mwa kesi hizo mbili, Crist alitoa video kwenye YouTube akiomba msamaha kwa tukio hilo. Katika taarifa iliyotolewa na Byrne pamoja na tangazo la makubaliano hayo, Byrne aliripoti mshangao wake baada ya kujua kwamba matumizi yasiyotoruhusiwa ya nyimbo za pop katika matangazo ya kisiasa ni ya kawaida sana nchini Marekani. """Kama tu sisi [i] Kutumia Muziki katika Kampeni za Siasa: Nini Unapaswa Kujua, ASCAP (kufikia Novemba 19, 2020), https: www.ascap.com #mediafiles.pdf" "Kama ilivyoelezwa katika taarifa ya shirika la Copyright Alliance, ""Mashirika ya haki za uchapaji (CPA) "" (Copyright Alliance, 19 Nov 2020) na ""Copyright Alliance,"" ""Copyright Alliance,"" ""Copyright Alliance,"" ""Copyright Alliance,"" ""Copyright Alliance,"" ""Copyright Alliance,"" ""Copyright Alliance,"" ""Copyright Alliance,"" ""Copyright Alliance"" na ""Copyright Alliance"" (Copyright Alliance)." """Wanasiasa wamekuwa wakifahamu vibaya ""Born in the U.S.A. "" (Josh Terry, 5 Oktoba 2020) " "Evelyn Chow, ""Kuacha Kutumia Wimbo Wangu: Wasanii 35 Waliopigana na Wanasiasa juu ya Muziki Wako""" "Mwanzoni mwa mwaka wa 2015, Rolling Stone ilitoa orodha ya ""Wanyama 35 waliopigana na wanasiasa kwa ajili ya muziki wao"" (Bruce Springsteen vs Ronald Reagan, Bob Dole & Pat Buchanan, 2013)." """Emma Spector, Donald Trump vs Nickelback: The Twitter Feud Nobody Was Expecting"" - Vogue, Oktoba 3, 2019 - ""Mwanzoni mwa mwaka wa 2019,"" ""Mwanzoni mwa mwaka wa 2019,"" ""Mwanzoni mwa mwaka wa 2019,"" ""Mwanzoni mwa mwaka wa 2019,"" ""Mwanzoni mwa mwaka wa 2019"" - ""Mwanzoni mwa mwaka wa 2019.""" "Wanafunzi wa Trump, Devin Cole na Donnie O'Sullivan, waliandika kwenye Twitter kwamba ""Wakati wa kampeni ya Trump, Trump alishindwa kuondoa video ya Nickelback baada ya malalamiko ya haki za uchapaji, CNN ilitoa taarifa ya Twitter mnamo Oktoba 3, 2019 na kuondoa video ya Nickelback baada ya malalamiko ya haki za uchapaji." "Kama ilivyoelezwa katika kitabu cha ""Stop Using My Song: 35 Artists Who Fought Politicians Over Their Music"" cha Evelyn Chao, ""Wanafunzi 35 waliopigana na wanasiasa kwa ajili ya muziki wao"" ni ""mfano wa watu 35 waliopigana na wanasiasa kwa ajili ya muziki wao"" (Stop Using My Song: 35 Artists Who Fought Politicians Over Their Music, Bruce Springsteen vs Ronald Reagan, Bob Dole & Pat Buchanan, 1987)." [xiv] Stephen Davis, Je, Rock Stars Hawapendi Wanademokrasia, Pia?, Slate (Jun. "Mwaka wa 2011 aliandika ""Hakuna kitu kama hii"" na ""Hakuna kitu kama hii"" na ""Hakuna kitu kama hii"" na ""Hakuna kitu kama hii"" na ""Hakuna kitu kama hii"" na ""Hakuna kitu kama hii"" na ""Hakuna kitu kama hii"" na ""Hakuna kitu kama hii"" na ""Hakuna kitu kama hii"" na ""Hakuna kitu kama hii"" na ""Hakuna kitu kama hii.""" "Kama ilivyoelezwa katika kitabu cha ""Stop Using My Song: 35 Artists Who Fought Politicians Over Their Music"" cha Evelyn Chao, ""Wanafunzi 35 waliopigana na wanasiasa kwa ajili ya muziki wao"" ni ""mfano wa watu 35 waliopigana na wanasiasa kwa ajili ya muziki wao"" (Stop Using My Song: 35 Artists Who Fought Politicians Over Their Music, Bruce Springsteen vs Ronald Reagan, Bob Dole & Pat Buchanan, 1987)." [xvi] Matthew Perpetua, David Byrne Wins Settlement Over Unauthorized Political Ad, Rolling Stone (Apr. "Mwaka wa 2011 ""Rolling Stone"" ilitoa wimbo wa ""With David Byrne Wins Settlement Over Unauthorized Political Ad 201823."""