Also known as Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI)
The epicondylitis is a painful disease of the elbow. It is called also tennis elbow (or “bends of the player of tennis”), misleading name, because the majority of the people who suffer from this problem do not play tennis. In fact, the epicondylitis is seldom associated activities of leisures.The scientific name of tennis elbow, epicondylitis, indicates an inflammation which occurs in the vicinity of a small osseous projection of the bone of the arm (humerus), just above the articulation of the elbow on the external face of the arm. It happens however that other areas of the front arm lever and elbow are painful. According to certain experts, name “painful syndrome side of the elbow” is more precise, but this name is used still little.
In fact mainly the injured tendons located near the elbow are responsible for the pain associated with the epicondylitis . The tendons are solids bands of fabric which fix the muscles at the bone. When they undergo a repeated tension or an overuse, the tendons become sensitive and inflated. The subject suffers then from tendonitis, medical term indicating the inflammation of a tendon. The side epicondylitis (or tennis elbow) indicates a particular type of tendonitis which touches a particular area of the elbow.
The points of fastener of the tendons are sometimes too small to support the considerable force of powerful muscles. These tendons can undergo an excessive request when the hand or the front armlever carries out movements violent ones and jerked, like gripping, rising or the throw.
The causes and the risk factors:
The appearance of the tennis elbow is often related to the way in which the workers carry out some gestures, such as gripping, torsion, the extension of the arm and displacement. These gestures can become dangerous if they:
- are carried out in fixed position or in a bad position,
- are repeated constantly,
- ask an excessive force,
- Do not leave at the organization time to recover after the sursollicitation.
The trades concerned are those which require repeated or energetic movements of the fingers, wrist and front arm lever. The tennis elbow can be due to an excessive request at one precise time or to the requests of low importance for a too long period.
The tennis elbow occurs at the people who often repeat the same movement of the hand and wrist. For example, to upward force wrist downwards or by making torsion of the front armlever. Let us think of the sports of racket, the weeding of the garden, the frequent use of the screwdriver, the transport of heavy bags, etc
When one carries out these movements in an inadequate and repetitive way, small tears would be formed in the tendons. These microtraumatisms involve lesions and an irritation of the tendons. The wear of the elbow or the irritation of the nerves in the vicinity of the elbow could also cause pains and ignition. Even if these lesions always do not cause an ignition of the tendons, the neighboring fabrics can ignite and affect the articulation of the elbow.
To some extent, this depends on the condition of your muscles and how much they are overused. In tennis, the injury occurs most frequently among recreational players who are 35 to 50 years of age, when muscles have begun to lose their resiliency and who play at least two or three times weekly. Occasional players are less vulnerable as they tend not to play often enough or hard enough to overstress their arms. Pros are generally protected by superior conditioning and technique, although they too can develop tennis elbow as they grow older.
The symptoms of tennis elbow:
The injury occurs when you flex, twist or contract the tendons that connect muscles to the elbow joint. In time, the overstressed tendons develop microscopic tears, producing tendinitis (painful inflammation of the tendons) centered on the epicondylitis , the point at which the tendons are attached to the elbow. The pain can radiate down to the wrist and up to the shoulder. Moving your arm or gripping something aggravates the pain. Most recreational tennis players who are afflicted feel pain in the lateral part (the outer part, when your palm is up) of the elbow. Experts often attribute this to poor backhand technique, improper serving and a late forehand stroke.
Tennis elbow is a strain of the lateral forearm muscles near their origin on the lateral rounded protuberance (condyle) at the end of the humerous (forearm bone). Symptoms include:
- Recurring pain on the outside of the upper forearm just below the bend of the elbow; occasionally, pain radiates down the arm toward the wrist
- Pain caused by lifting or bending the arm or grasping even light objects such as a coffee cup
- Difficulty extending the full forearm fully because of inflamed muscles, tendons and ligaments
- Pain that typically lasts for six to 12 weeks; the discomfort can continue for as little as three weeks or as long as several years.
The damage that tennis elbow incurs consists of tiny tears in a part of the tendon and in muscle coverings. After the initial injury heals, these areas often tear again, which leads to hemorrhaging and the formation of rough, granulated tissue and calcium deposits within the surrounding tissues. Collagen, a protein, leaks out from around the injured areas, causing inflammation. The resulting pressure can cut off the blood flow and pinch the radial nerve, one of the major nerves controlling muscles in the arm and hand.
To prevent tennis elbow:
- Lift objects with your palm facing your body.
- Try strengthening exercises with hand weights. With your elbow cocked and your palm down, repeatedly bend your wrist. Stop if you feel any pain.
- Stretch relevant muscles before beginning a possibly stressful activity by grasping the top part of your fingers and gently but firmly pulling them back toward your body. Keep your arm fully extended and your palm facing outward.
The most effective conventional and alternative treatments for tennis elbow have the same basic premise: Rest the arm until the pain disappears, then massage to relieve stress and tension in the muscles, and exercise to strengthen the area and prevent re-injury. If you must go back to whatever caused the problem in the first place, be sure to warm up your arm for at least 5 to 10 minutes with gentle stretching and movement before starting any activity. Take frequent breaks.
PRODUCTS RELATED TO THIS SYMPTOM
Epicondylitis (Returned Strain Injury) ni ugonjwa wa mgongo unaosababisha maumivu. Pia inaitwa tennis elbow (au <unk>bends ya mchezaji wa tenisi<unk>), jina lenye kupotosha, kwa sababu idadi kubwa ya watu wanaopatwa na tatizo hili hawachezi tenisi. Epicondylitis ni ugonjwa wa kiakili unaosababishwa na uvimbe wa mguu wa tenisi, ambao hutokea karibu na sehemu ndogo ya mfupa wa mkono (humerus) juu ya mguu wa mguu. Hata hivyo, huenda ikawa kwamba sehemu nyingine za mkono wa mbele na kiwiko vinakuwa na maumivu. Kulingana na wataalamu fulani, jina <unk>sindrom ya maumivu upande wa kiwiko<unk> ni sahihi zaidi, lakini jina hili hutumiwa bado kidogo. Kwa kweli, hasa tendons waliojeruhiwa ziko karibu na kiwiko ni wajibu kwa ajili ya maumivu kuhusishwa na epicondylitis. Tendoni ni vipande vyenye nguvu vya kitambaa vinavyounganisha misuli kwenye mfupa. Mifupa hiyo inapofadhaika mara kwa mara au kutumiwa kupita kiasi, huwa nyeti na kupanuka. Kisha mgonjwa huyo anateseka kutokana na uvimbe wa tendonitis, neno la kitiba linalomaanisha uvimbe wa tendon. Epikondylitis ya upande (au elbow ya tenisi) inaonyesha aina fulani ya tendonitis ambayo inagusa eneo fulani la kiwiko. Nyakati nyingine sehemu za kuunganisha za tendoni ni ndogo sana hivi kwamba haziwezi kuhimili nguvu kubwa ya misuli yenye nguvu. Tendons hizi zinaweza kuwa chini ya maombi ya kupita kiasi wakati mkono au mkono wa mbele unafanya harakati za vurugu na jerked, kama vile kukamata, kuongezeka au kutupa. Kwa sababu ya kuonekana kwa mkono wa tenisi, mara nyingi inahusiana na jinsi wafanyakazi wanavyofanya baadhi ya ishara kama vile kukamata, torsion, upanuzi wa mkono na kuhamisha. Hatua hizi zinaweza kuwa hatari kama wao: - ni kufanyika katika nafasi ya kudumu au katika nafasi mbaya, - ni kurudia daima, - kuuliza nguvu kupita kiasi, - Je, si kuondoka katika shirika wakati wa kupona baada ya sursollicitation. Kazi zinazohusika ni zile zinazohitaji harakati za mara kwa mara au zenye nguvu za vidole, kiwiko na kiwambo cha mkono wa mbele. Tennis elbow inaweza kuwa kutokana na ombi kupita kiasi katika wakati mmoja sahihi au kwa ombi la umuhimu mdogo kwa kipindi kirefu sana. Mshale wa tenisi hutokea kwa watu ambao mara nyingi hurudia mwendo uleule wa mkono na mkono. Kwa mfano, kwa juu nguvu mkono chini au kwa kufanya torsion ya mbele armlever. Kwa mfano, kama vile michezo ya racket, kuondoa magugu katika bustani, kutumia screwdriver mara kwa mara, kusafirisha mifuko mizito, na kadhalika, wakati mtu anafanya harakati hizi kwa njia isiyofaa na ya kurudia, machozi madogo yatatokea katika tendons. Majeraha hayo madogo huhusisha majeraha na kuchochea kwa tendoni. Kuvaa kiwiko au kuchochea neva zilizo karibu na kiwiko pia kwaweza kusababisha maumivu na kuwaka moto. Hata kama majeraha haya si kusababisha moto wa tendons, nyuzi jirani inaweza moto na kuathiri articulation ya kiwiko. Kwa kiasi fulani, hilo hutegemea hali ya misuli yako na jinsi inavyochukuliwa kupita kiasi. Katika mchezo wa tenisi, majeraha hayo hutokea mara nyingi miongoni mwa wachezaji wa burudani wenye umri wa miaka 35 hadi 50, wakati misuli imeanzisha kupoteza nguvu zao na ambao hucheza angalau mara mbili au tatu kwa wiki. Wachezaji wa mara kwa mara ni chini ya kuathiriwa kama wao huwa si kucheza mara nyingi kutosha au ngumu kutosha overstress mikono yao. Kwa kawaida, wachezaji bora huhifadhiwa kwa mazoezi bora na mbinu, ingawa wao pia wanaweza kupata ugonjwa huo wanapokuwa wazee. Ugonjwa wa tennis elbow ni ugonjwa unaosababishwa na kuunganisha misuli ya kiwiko na kiwiko. Baada ya muda, tendoni zilizofadhaika sana huvunjika kwa kiasi kidogo, na kusababisha uvimbe wa tendon (uchochezi wenye uchungu wa tendon) unaozunguka epicondylitis, sehemu ambayo tendoni huunganishwa na kiwiko. Maumivu yanaweza kuenea hadi kwenye mkono na hadi kwenye bega. Kuhamisha mkono wako au kukamata kitu fulani huongeza maumivu. Wachezaji wengi wa tenisi wanaosumbuliwa na ugonjwa huo huhisi maumivu katika sehemu ya upande (sehemu ya nje, wakati kiganja cha mkono kiko juu) ya kiwiko. Mara nyingi wataalamu husema kwamba hilo ni kwa sababu ya mbinu mbaya za kupiga makofi kwa mkono wa nyuma, kupeana makofi vibaya, na kupiga makofi kwa mkono wa mbele. Tennis elbow ni mkazo wa misuli ya mkono wa mbele karibu na chanzo chao kwenye protrusion ya pande zote (condyle) mwishoni mwa humerus (mfupa wa mkono wa mbele). Ugonjwa huu una dalili za maumivu ya mara kwa mara kwenye sehemu ya nje ya mkono wa juu chini ya mhimili wa kiwiko; mara kwa mara, maumivu huenea chini ya mkono kuelekea mkono; maumivu yanayosababishwa na kuinua au kugeuza mkono au kukamata hata vitu nyepesi kama kikombe cha kahawa; ugumu wa kupanua mkono kamili kwa sababu ya misuli, tendons na ligaments iliyochomeka; maumivu ambayo kwa kawaida huendelea kwa wiki sita hadi kumi na mbili. Uharibifu wa tenisi elbow hufanyizwa na machozi madogo katika sehemu ya tendon na katika vifuniko vya misuli. Baada ya jeraha la kwanza kupona, maeneo haya mara nyingi huvunjika tena, ambayo husababisha kutokwa na damu na kuundwa kwa tishu mbaya, granulated na amana za kalsiamu ndani ya tishu zinazozunguka. Collagen, protini, hutiririka kutoka karibu na sehemu zilizojeruhiwa, ikisababisha uvimbe. Mshtuko huo waweza kukata mtiririko wa damu na kufinya neva ya radial, mojawapo ya mishipa mikubwa inayoongoza misuli ya mkono na mkono. Ili kuzuia mguu wa tenisi: - Inua vitu kwa kiganja chako ukielekeza mwili wako. - Jaribu kufanya mazoezi ya kuimarisha mwili kwa kutumia mizigo ya mikono. Kwa kiwiko chako kimeinuliwa na kiganja chako chini, bend wrist yako mara kwa mara. Acha ikiwa unahisi maumivu yoyote. - Nyosha misuli inayohusika kabla ya kuanza shughuli inayoweza kusababisha mkazo kwa kukamata sehemu ya juu ya vidole vyako na kwa upole lakini kwa uthabiti kuvivuta nyuma kuelekea mwili wako. Weka mkono wako umepanuka kabisa na kiganja chako kielekee nje. Matibabu ya kawaida na mbadala ya mguu wa tenisi yana msingi sawa: pumzika mkono hadi maumivu yatakapopotea, kisha uchonge ili kupunguza mkazo na mvutano katika misuli, na fanya mazoezi ili kuimarisha eneo hilo na kuzuia jeraha la tena. Ikiwa ni lazima urudi kwa kile kilichosababisha tatizo, hakikisha kupasha mkono wako joto kwa angalau dakika 5-10 kwa kunyoosha na harakati laini kabla ya kuanza shughuli yoyote. Fanya mapumziko mara nyingi. Bidhaa zinazohusiana na dalili hii