Things You'll Need
Producing Bakelite plastic isn't a do-it-yourself project. However, understanding the process can help you appreciate the history of the material and distinguish it from imitation Bakelite, known as "fakelite." Working in his chemical lab, Leo Hendrik Baekeland accidentally discovered the formula for the first synthetic plastic while trying to invent an alternative to shellac. He had intended to create a domestic source for shellac to provide insulation material for the new electrical industry. Like plastics of today, it is easily molded and durable. It filled its marketing promise of, "the material of the thousand uses."
Mix the phenol and formaldehyde in a pressure vessel to form a resin.
Video of the Day
Pour the resulting resin in a mold, either the shape of the finished item or a block of Bakelite that can be cut, carved and polished.
Harden the resin under high temperature and pressure, in excess of 160 degrees Centigrade. Original Bakelike was formed in something called a Bakelizer which could produce the necessary high temperatures because, at lower temperatures, the result is soft and porous, essentially worthless.
Bakelite products included jewelry and the cases for radios. The Russians even used it to manufacture magazines in rifles and structural aircraft components. Collectors prize genuine Bakelite products originally marketed to the middle and lower classes because it was cheap to make and sell. During the molding process, the manufacturer could add materials to change the color and translucency of the Bakelite. These materials included asbestos, clay, mica, graphite and wood pulp.
The chemicals, equipment and processes used to manufacture Bakelite make this a dangerous and expensive project for anyone who wants to produce only a few pieces of Bakelite.
Vitu Utakavyohitaji Kutengeneza plastiki ya Bakelite si mradi wa kujifanyia. Hata hivyo, kuelewa utaratibu huo kunaweza kukusaidia kufahamu historia ya kitu hicho na kukitambulisha na bakelite bandia, inayoitwa "fakelite". Leo Hendrik Baekeland, mwanasayansi wa kemikali, alianzisha kiwanda cha kutengeneza plastiki ya kwanza ya synthetic, na kuunda kiwanda cha kutengeneza plastiki ya shellac. Alikuwa na nia ya kuunda chanzo cha ndani cha shellac ili kutoa vifaa vya kutenganisha kwa ajili ya sekta mpya ya umeme. Kama vile plastiki za leo, inaweza kutengenezwa kwa urahisi na kudumu. Ilitimiza ahadi yake ya uuzaji ya, "vitu vya matumizi elfu". Mchanganyiko phenol na formaldehyde katika chombo cha shinikizo kuunda resin. Video ya Siku: Mchanganyiko wa resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini. Rangi ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini ya resini. "Kipimo cha awali cha ""Bakelizer"" kilitengenezwa kwa kutumia vifaa vya ""Bakelizer"" ambavyo vilikuwa na joto la juu, lakini kwa joto la chini, matokeo yalikuwa laini na yenye madoa, ambayo kwa kweli hayakuwa na thamani." Bidhaa za bakelite zilitia ndani vito na vifuniko vya redio. Warusi hata walitumia kutengeneza magazeti ya bunduki na sehemu za ndege. Wanakusanyaji hupenda sana bidhaa za Bakelite halisi ambazo awali ziliuzwa kwa watu wa tabaka la kati na la chini kwa sababu zilikuwa za bei nafuu kutengenezwa na kuuzwa. Wakati wa mchakato wa kutengeneza, mtengenezaji angeweza kuongeza vifaa ili kubadilisha rangi na mwangaza wa bakelite. Vifaa hivyo vilitia ndani asbestos, udongo, mica, grafiti, na pulp ya mbao. Kemikali, vifaa na michakato inayotumiwa kutengeneza bakelite hufanya hii kuwa mradi hatari na wa gharama kubwa kwa mtu yeyote anayetaka kutengeneza vipande vichache tu vya bakelite.