UPSC (Union Public Service Commission) General Studies syllabus encompasses a wide range of subjects and topics that are crucial for candidates appearing for the prestigious civil services examination in India.
Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society.
⚫ Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
⚫ Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities, issues.
⚫ The Freedom Struggle its various stages and important contributors/contributions from different parts of the country.
⚫ Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country.
⚫ History of the world will include events from 18th century such as industrial revolution, world wars, redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism etc. their forms and effect on the society.
⚫ Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India.
⚫ Role of women and women’s organization, population and associated issues, poverty and developmental issues, urbanization, their problems and their remedies.
⚫ Effects of globalization on Indian society.
⚫ Social empowerment, communalism, regionalism & secularism.
⚫ Salient features of world’s physical geography.
⚫ Distribution of key natural resources across the world (including South Asia and the Indian sub-continent); factors responsible for the location of primary, secondary, and tertiary sector industries in various parts of the world (including India).
⚫ Important Geophysical phenomena such as earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, cyclone etc.. geographical features and their location-changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies and ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes.
Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International relations.
⚫ Indian Constitution-historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions and basic structure.
⚫ Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.
⚫ Separation of powers between various organs dispute redressal mechanisms and institutions.
⚫ Comparison of the Indian constitutional scheme with that of other countries.
⚫ Parliament and State legislatures-structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers & privileges and issues arising out of these.
⚫ Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary-Ministries and Departments of the Government: pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity.
⚫Salient features of the Representation of People’s Act.
⚫ Appointment to various Constitutional posts, powers, functions and responsibilities of various Constitutional Bodies.
⚫ Statutory, regulatory and various quasi-judicial bodies.
⚫ Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.
⚫Development processes and the development industry -the role of NGOs, SHGs, various groups and associations, donors, charities, institutional and other stakeholders.
⚫ Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes; mechanisms, laws, institutions and Bodies constituted for the protection and betterment of these vulnerable sections.
⚫ Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.
⚫ Issues relating to poverty and hunger.
⚫Important aspects of governance, transparency and accountability, e-governance- applications, models, successes, limitations, and potential; citizens charters, transparency & accountability and institutional and other measures.
⚫Role of civil services in a democracy.
⚫ india and its neighborhood-relations
⚫ Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.
⚫Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests, Indian diaspora
⚫ Important International institutions, agencies and fora- their structure, mandate..
⚫ Role of external state and non-state actors in creating challenges to internal security
⚫ Challenges to internal security through communication networks, role of media and social networking sites in internal security challenges, basics of cyber security: money-laundering and its prevention.
⚫ Security challenges and their management in border areas-linkages of organized crime with terrorism. Various Security forces and agencies and their mandate.
Technology, Economic Development, Bio diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management
⚫ Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.
⚫ Inclusive growth and issues arising from it.
⚫ Major crops-cropping patterns in various parts of the country, different types of irrigation and irrigation systems storage, transport and marketing of agricultural produce and issues and related constraints; e- technology in the aid of farmers.
⚫ Issues related to direct and indirect farm subsidies and minimum support prices; Public Distribution System- objectives, functioning, limitations, revamping; issues of buffer stocks and food security: Technology missions; economics of animal-rearing.
⚫ Food processing and related industries in India-scope’ and significance, location, upstream and downstream. requirements, supply chain management.
⚫ Land reforms in India.
⚫ Effects of liberalization on the economy, changes in industrial policy and their effects on industrial growth. Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.
⚫ Investment models.
⚫ Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life.
⚫ Achievements of Indians in science & technology; indigenization of technology and developing new technology.
⚫Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, nano-technology, bio-technology and issues relating to intellectual property rights.
⚫Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.
⚫ Disaster and disaster management. Linkages between development and spread of extremism.
⚫ Linkage between development and spread of extremism.
⚫ Role of external state and non-state actors in creating challenges to internal security.
⚫ Challenges to internal security through communication networks, role of media and social networking sites in internal security challenges, basics of cyber security; money-laundering and its prevention.
⚫ Security challenges and their management in border areas – linkages of organized crime with terrorism.
⚫ Various Security forces and agencies and their mandate.
General Studies- IV:
Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude
This paper will include questions to test the candidates attitude and approach to issues relating to integrity, probity in public life and his problem solving approach to various issues and conflicts faced by him in dealing with society. Questions may utilise the case study approach to determine these aspects. The following broad areas will be covered:
⚫ Ethics and Human Interface: Essence, determinants and consequences of Ethics in-human actions; dimensions of ethics; ethics in private and public relationships. Human Values- lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators; role of family society and educational institutions in inculcating values.
⚫ Attitude: content, structure, function; its influence and relation with thought and behaviour; moral and political attitudes; social influence and persuasion.
⚫ Aptitude and foundational values for Civil Service, integrity, impartiality and non-partisanship, objectivity. dedication to public service, empathy, tolerance and compassion towards the weaker-sections.
⚫ Emotional intelligence-concepts, and their utilities and application in administration and governance.
⚫Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and world.
⚫ Public/Civil service values and Ethics in Public administration: Status and problems; ethical concerns and dilemmas in government and private institutions; laws, rules, regulations and conscience as sources of ethical guidance; accountability and ethical governance; strengthening of ethical and moral values in governance; ethical issues in international relations and funding; corporate governance.
⚫ Probity in Governance: Concept of public service: Philosophical basis of governance and probity: Information sharing and transparency in government, Right to Information, Codes of Ethics, Codes of Conduct, Citizen’s Charters, Work culture, Quality of service delivery, Utilization of public funds, challenges of corruption.
⚫ Case Studies on above issues..
To More information check the website https://upsc.ind.in/upsc-ethic-syllabus/
UPSC (Union Public Service Commission) General Studies syllabus inajumuisha safu pana ya masomo na mada ambazo ni muhimu kwa wagombea wanaohudhuria mtihani wa huduma za umma nchini India. Urithi wa India na Utamaduni, Historia na Jiografia ya Dunia na Jamii. <unk> Utamaduni wa India utafunika mambo muhimu ya Aina za Sanaa, fasihi na Usanifu kutoka nyakati za kale hadi za kisasa.  Historia ya kisasa ya India kutoka karibu katikati ya karne ya kumi na nane hadi sasa-matukio muhimu, utu, masuala.  Mapambano ya Uhuru hatua zake mbalimbali na wachangiaji muhimu / michango kutoka sehemu tofauti za nchi.  Kuunganishwa na kurekebishwa upya ndani ya nchi baada ya uhuru. Historia ya dunia itajumuisha matukio kutoka karne ya 18 kama vile mapinduzi ya viwanda, vita vya dunia, redrawing ya mipaka ya kitaifa, ukoloni, decolonization, falsafa za kisiasa kama ukomunisti, ubepari, ujamaa nk. aina na athari zake kwa jamii.  Sifa muhimu za jamii ya India, utofauti wa India. <unk> Jukumu la wanawake na shirika la wanawake, idadi ya watu na masuala yanayohusiana, umaskini na masuala ya maendeleo, mijini, matatizo yao na suluhisho zao.  Athari za utandawazi kwenye jamii ya India.  Uwezeshaji wa kijamii, jamii, kikanda na kidini. <unk> Vipengele muhimu vya jiografia ya kimwili ya ulimwengu. <unk> Usambazaji wa rasilimali muhimu za asili duniani kote (ikiwa ni pamoja na Asia Kusini na bara la India); mambo ya kuwajibika kwa eneo la viwanda vya sekta ya msingi, sekondari, na tatu katika sehemu mbalimbali za dunia (ikiwa ni pamoja na India).  Muhimu Geophysical matukio kama vile matetemeko ya ardhi, tsunami, shughuli volkano, kimbunga nk. vipengele kijiografia na eneo lao-mabadiliko katika vipengele muhimu kijiografia (ikiwa ni pamoja na miili ya maji na barafu-caps) na katika mimea na wanyama na athari za mabadiliko hayo. Utawala, Katiba, Siasa, Haki ya Jamii na Mahusiano ya Kimataifa.  Katiba ya India - misingi ya kihistoria, mageuzi, sifa, marekebisho, masharti muhimu na muundo wa msingi.  Kazi na majukumu ya Umoja na majimbo, masuala na changamoto zinazohusiana na muundo wa shirikisho, kuhamishwa kwa mamlaka na fedha hadi ngazi za mitaa na changamoto zilizomo.  Kutenganishwa kwa mamlaka kati ya vyombo mbalimbali utaratibu wa utatuzi wa migogoro na taasisi.  Kulinganisha mpango wa kikatiba wa India na ule wa nchi nyingine.  Bunge na bunge la jimbo - muundo, utendaji, mwenendo wa biashara, mamlaka na mapendeleo na masuala yanayotokana na haya.  Muundo, shirika na utendaji wa Utekelezaji na Mahakama-Waziri na Idara za Serikali: vikundi vya shinikizo na vyama rasmi/visivyo vya kawaida na jukumu lao katika siasa. <unk>Vipengele muhimu vya Sheria ya Uwakilishi wa Watu<unk>. Uteuzi kwa nafasi mbalimbali za kikatiba, mamlaka, kazi na majukumu ya miili mbalimbali ya kikatiba.  Mamlaka za kisheria, za udhibiti na mashirika mbalimbali ya karibu ya mahakama.  Sera za serikali na uingiliaji kwa ajili ya maendeleo katika sekta mbalimbali na masuala yanayotokana na kubuni na utekelezaji wao. Mchakato wa maendeleo na sekta ya maendeleo - jukumu la mashirika yasiyo ya kiserikali, SHGs, vikundi mbalimbali na mashirika, wafadhili, misaada, taasisi na wadau wengine.  Mipango ya ustawi kwa ajili ya makundi dhaifu ya idadi ya watu na Kituo na majimbo na utendaji wa mipango hii; mifumo, sheria, taasisi na miili iliyoundwa kwa ajili ya ulinzi na kuboresha makundi haya dhaifu. <unk> Masuala yanayohusiana na maendeleo na usimamizi wa Sekta ya Jamii / Huduma zinazohusiana na Afya, Elimu, Rasilimali za Binadamu. <unk> Masuala yanayohusiana na umaskini na njaa. <unk> Mambo muhimu ya utawala, uwazi na uwajibikaji, e-utawala - maombi, mifano, mafanikio, mapungufu, na uwezo; mkataba wa raia, uwazi na uwajibikaji na hatua za taasisi na nyingine. <unk>Jukumu la huduma za umma katika demokrasia. <unk> India na mahusiano yake ya jirani <unk> Makundi ya pande mbili, kikanda na kimataifa na makubaliano yanayohusisha India na / au kuathiri maslahi ya India. """Mafanisi muhimu ya kimataifa, mashirika na vikao - muundo wao, mamlaka... jukumu la watendaji wa nje wa serikali na wasio wa serikali katika kuunda changamoto kwa usalama wa ndani, changamoto kwa usalama wa ndani kupitia mitandao ya mawasiliano, jukumu la vyombo vya habari na tovuti za mitandao ya kijamii katika changamoto za usalama wa ndani, misingi ya usalama wa mtandao: uvujaji wa pesa na kuzuia.""" <unk> Changamoto za usalama na usimamizi wao katika maeneo ya mpaka - uhusiano wa uhalifu uliopangwa na ugaidi. Vikosi mbalimbali vya usalama na mashirika na mamlaka yao. Teknolojia, Maendeleo ya Kiuchumi, Biodiversity, Mazingira, Usalama na Usimamizi wa Msiba <unk> Uchumi wa India na masuala yanayohusiana na mipango, kuhamasisha, rasilimali, ukuaji, maendeleo na ajira.  Ukuaji wa kujumuisha na masuala yanayotokana nayo. Mifumo ya kilimo na ufugaji katika sehemu mbalimbali za nchi, aina tofauti za umwagiliaji na mifumo ya umwagiliaji, kuhifadhi, usafirishaji na uuzaji wa mazao ya kilimo na masuala na vikwazo vinavyohusiana; teknolojia ya elektroniki katika msaada wa wakulima. <unk> Masuala yanayohusiana na ruzuku ya moja kwa moja na isiyo ya moja kwa moja ya kilimo na bei ya chini ya msaada; Mfumo wa Usambazaji wa Umma - malengo, utendaji, mipaka, kurekebisha; masuala ya hifadhi ya buffer na usalama wa chakula: misheni ya teknolojia; uchumi wa ufugaji wa wanyama. <unk> Utaratibu wa chakula na viwanda vinavyohusiana katika India <unk> na umuhimu, eneo, upstream na downstream. mahitaji, usimamizi wa mlolongo wa usambazaji.  Marekebisho ya ardhi nchini India.  Athari za uhuru juu ya uchumi, mabadiliko katika sera ya viwanda na athari zao juu ya ukuaji wa viwanda. Miundombinu: Nishati, Bandari, Barabara, Viwanja vya Ndege, Reli nk.  Mifano ya uwekezaji.  Sayansi na Teknolojia - maendeleo na matumizi yao na athari katika maisha ya kila siku.  Mafanikio ya Wahindi katika sayansi na teknolojia; indigenization ya teknolojia na kuendeleza teknolojia mpya. Ufahamu katika nyanja za IT, Space, Kompyuta, roboti, nano-teknolojia, bio-teknolojia na masuala yanayohusiana na haki za mali miliki. Uhifadhi, uchafuzi wa mazingira na uharibifu, tathmini ya athari za mazingira.  Msiba na usimamizi wa msiba. Uhusiano kati ya maendeleo na kuenea kwa ukatili.  Uhusiano kati ya maendeleo na kuenea kwa ukatili.  Jukumu la nje ya serikali na watendaji wasio wa serikali katika kuunda changamoto kwa usalama wa ndani. <unk> Changamoto kwa usalama wa ndani kupitia mitandao ya mawasiliano, jukumu la vyombo vya habari na tovuti za mitandao ya kijamii katika changamoto za usalama wa ndani, misingi ya usalama wa mtandao; uvujaji wa fedha na kuzuia. <unk> Changamoto za usalama na usimamizi wao katika maeneo ya mpaka <unk> uhusiano wa uhalifu uliopangwa na ugaidi.  Vikosi na mashirika mbalimbali ya usalama na mamlaka yao. Mafunzo ya jumla: Maadili, Uadilifu na Uwezo: Karatasi hii itajumuisha maswali ya kupima mtazamo wa mgombea na mbinu ya masuala yanayohusiana na uadilifu, uadilifu katika maisha ya umma na mbinu yake ya kutatua shida kwa masuala mbalimbali na migogoro inayokabiliwa na yeye katika kushughulika na jamii. Maswali yanaweza kutumia mbinu ya utafiti wa kesi ili kuamua mambo haya. Sehemu zifuatazo za jumla zitafunikwa: <unk> Maadili na Kiunganishi cha Binadamu: Kiini, Vipimo na Matokeo ya Maadili katika vitendo vya Binadamu; vipimo vya maadili; maadili katika mahusiano ya kibinafsi na ya umma. Thamani za Binadamu - masomo kutoka maisha na mafundisho ya viongozi wakuu, waleta mageuzi na wasimamizi; jukumu la jamii ya familia na taasisi za elimu katika kuingiza maadili. <unk> Mtazamo: maudhui, muundo, kazi; ushawishi wake na uhusiano na mawazo na tabia; mtazamo wa kimaadili na kisiasa; ushawishi wa kijamii na ushawishi.  Uwezo na maadili ya msingi kwa ajili ya Huduma ya Umma, uadilifu, upendeleo na non-partisanship, objectivity. kujitolea kwa huduma ya umma, hisia-mwenzi, uvumilivu na huruma kuelekea tabaka dhaifu.  Emotional akili-mawazo, na matumizi yao na matumizi katika utawala na utawala. <unk>Michango ya wasomi wa maadili na wanafalsafa kutoka India na ulimwengu. Maadili ya Huduma ya Umma na Maadili katika Utawala wa Umma: Hali na matatizo; wasiwasi wa maadili na matatizo katika taasisi za serikali na binafsi; sheria, sheria, kanuni na dhamiri kama vyanzo vya mwongozo wa maadili; uwajibikaji na utawala wa maadili; kuimarisha maadili na maadili katika utawala; masuala ya maadili katika mahusiano ya kimataifa na ufadhili; utawala wa kampuni.  Uadilifu katika Utawala: Dhana ya huduma ya umma: Msingi wa kifalsafa wa utawala na uadilifu: Kushiriki habari na uwazi katika serikali, Haki ya Habari, Kanuni za Maadili, Kanuni za Utendaji, Mkataba wa Raia, Utamaduni wa Kazi, Ubora wa utoaji wa huduma, Matumizi ya fedha za umma, changamoto za ufisadi.  Uchunguzi wa kesi juu ya masuala ya juu.. Kwa habari zaidi angalia tovuti https: upsc.ind.in/upsc-ethic-syllabus/