Shifting Sites: 10 Relocated London Landmarks
Not everything is as it seems in London. Pubs “Est. 15thC” were entirely rebuilt in the 1950s, an ornate Medieval-style building most likely dates from 1890 and quite often a huge part of a stone building has been entirely moved from one location to another!
Here are 10 relocated London landmarks. The pick of the most interesting buildings, monuments and decoration that have been on extraordinary travels across the city and beyond.
1. The London Bridge Alcoves
Probably the most famous of all London’s ‘moving’ structures is London Bridge.
There have been many different London Bridges, all crossing the Thames at roughly the same location since the Roman period.
The most spectacular was Old London Bridge. Finished 1209 and lasting until the 1830s.
With houses, shops and even a chapel built on top of the arches, you can see a wonderful model of the Medieval bridge in the church of St Magnus the Martyr (I wrote a blog all about it here.)
Between 1757 and 1761 the buildings on the bridge were demolished. It was widened and improved for pedestrians by the inclusion of stone alcoves with benches dotted along its length.
The watercolour below from 1832 by Thomas Shotter Boys records the last few months of Old London Bridge before demolition. You can clearly see one of the stone alcoves which I’ve circled in blue. John Rennie’s new London Bridge had opened in 1831 and its stone steps can be seen on the left.
Incredibly, four of the stone alcoves survive!
Two can be found in Victoria Park.
One is within the old Guy’s Hospital buildings a short walk from the new London Bridge.
And the fourth is within the Courtlands housing estate in North Sheen!
2. Temple Bar
Standing literally in the shadow of St Paul’s Cathedral, Temple Bar was also designed by Christopher Wren and was finished in 1671.
It previously stood on the western entrance into the City of London on Fleet Street right outside the Royal Courts of Justice.
The site is now occupied by the Temple Bar Memorial which has plenty of fascinating details you can read about here.
By 1878 the original Temple Bar was considered too much of a traffic bottle neck and over just 11 days was dismantled stone by stone and moved to Theobalds Park.
It returned to the City of London in 2004 and now stands at the entrance into Paternoster Square. You can read more about its incredible history here.
3. Crosby Hall
On Cheyne Walk, you might have to double take as you spot what appears to be a Tudor Riverside Palace.
Although much-altered as the private home of Dr Christopher Moran, the great hall at its centre is an authentic Medieval survivor that was transported from the City of London to Chelsea in 1910 then rebuilt under the direction of Walter Godfrey.
You can admire the hall (built in 1466!) and the rest of the house from the blog when I was invited on a special personal tour by Dr Moran himself.
4. St Antholin’s Steeple
One of the strangest juxtapositions you can stumble across in South London is this church steeple by Christopher Wren a short was from Forest Hill Station.
The Church of St Antholin used to stand on the site of today’s Bloomberg HQ on Queen Victoria Street. It was rebuilt after the Great Fire by Christopher Wren but was demolished in the 19th century.
A churchwarden, Robert Harrild, who felt attached to the beautiful stone steeple paid £5 to move it to his garden in Sydenham.
He lived in Round Hill House which itself was demolished in the 1960s and replaced with a housing estate. Luckily they kept the steeple!
Read more about the history of St Antholin and the steeple here.
5. The Tower of All Hallows, Lombard Street
If you haven’t already gathered by now, quite a few things have been moved from the crowded City of London and churches seem to always be in the demolition firing line.
All Hallows, Lombard Street was first recorded 1054 and rebuilt several times. It was destroyed in the Great Fire and rebuilt by Christopher Wren in 1694.
In 1937 the church was deemed unsafe and the tower and the majority of all the interior furnishings were moved to Twickenham.
Today the tower is a huge landmark along Chertsey Road, a short distance from Twickenham Stadium.
The interior details are staggering and it deserves a full blog which I’ll share soon!
6. Paul Pindar’s House
This is probably my favourite exhibit at the Victoria and Albert Museum in South Kensington.
It’s a ghostly former facade of a City merchant’s house built in 1599. Known as Paul Pindar’s house it stood on the site of Liverpool Street Station before it was replaced by said station.
Paul Pindar’s house later became a pub and there’s an incredible photo from the mid to late 19th century.
Thankfully the outer wooden skin was saved and you can see it on display for free in the V&A’s Medieval and Renaissance galleries.
7. The Seven Dials Pillar
Seven Dials is north of Covent Garden and was laid out in 1693. It gets its name because it’s a cluster of seven streets bursting from a central point.
At the centre from the very beginning was an impressive stone pillar. There’s a drawing in the British Museum that shows the original design by Edward Pierce.
In 1773 the pillar was removed by the paving commissioners (supposedly because they were scandalised by “undesirables” gathering at its base). It was bought by James Paine for his house in Addlestone, Surrey but by 1820 the majority of the pieces were reassembled and erected on Weybridge Green as a memorial Frederica, Duchess of York (1767-1820).
It’s still there today so the one in the centre of Seven Dials today is a replica built in the 1980s and an exact copy of the original. For more fun facts and hidden history around Covent Garden you can join my walking tour, Sinful Seven Dials.
8. Marble Arch
Sometimes a new arrival fits in so well with its surroundings you can believe it’s always been there. This is especially true when it lends its name to the whole area.
Marble Arch is a case in point because the stone triumphal arch built in 1827 by John Nash wasn’t always on the westernmost edge of Oxford Street.
It was originally outside Buckingham Palace, as seen in the below engraving from 1837.
In 1847 (to make space for a new facade being built in front of the Palace) the Marble Arch was transported to its new location where it can be admired today.
9. The Embankment Dragons
The penultimate moving landmark comes as a pair. These silver dragons are symbols of the City of London, signifying you are crossing into the City once you pass them on the Embankment.
They are two of many little silver dragons marking the City’s boundaries but these are unique for their size and provenance.
The used to stand on the Coal Exchange and you can see them in situ in this picture below, either side of the base of the circular turret.
10. St Olave’s Tooley Street Steeple
St Olave’s church used to stand on Tooley Street, dedicated to the 11th Century Norwegian King.
In 1734 a replacement church was designed by Henry Flitcroft then patched up again in 1843 after a fire. In 1928 it was demolished and a section of the turret was converted into a drinking fountain.
Today it can be found in Tanner Street Park, Bermondsey and you can read more about its history here.
I hope you enjoyed this list of my favourite of London’s relocated landmarks. There’s countless other examples but some honourable mentions include the Church of St Mary Aldermanbury (now in Missouri, USA), The remains of Crystal Palace, this historic room within Lloyds of London, the Wellington Clock Tower (now in Swanage) and of course, John Rennie’s London Bridge which is now in Arizona, USA.
Any more that I’ve missed?!
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Mabadiliko ya maeneo: 10 Relocated London Landmarks Si kila kitu ni kama inaonekana katika London. Pubs <unk>Est. 15thC walikuwa kabisa kujengwa upya katika miaka ya 1950, ornate medieval-style jengo uwezekano mkubwa tarehe kutoka 1890 na mara nyingi sana sehemu kubwa ya jengo jiwe imekuwa kabisa wakiongozwa kutoka eneo moja hadi nyingine! Hapa kuna alama 10 za London zilizohamishwa. Chagua kati ya majengo ya kuvutia zaidi, makaburi na mapambo ambayo yamekuwa katika safari za ajabu katika jiji na zaidi. 1. Uwe na mtazamo wa kweli London Bridge Alcoves Pengine maarufu zaidi ya London 'kuhamia' miundo yote ni London Bridge. Kumekuwa na madaraja mengi tofauti ya London, yote yakivuka Mto Thames karibu katika eneo lilelile tangu enzi ya Waroma. Daraja la Old London Bridge ndilo lililokuwa lenye kuvutia zaidi. Ilianza mwaka wa 1209 na ikaendelea hadi mwaka wa 1830. Nyumba, maduka na hata kanisa lililojengwa juu ya matao, unaweza kuona mfano mzuri wa daraja la enzi za kati katika kanisa la Mtakatifu Magnus Martyr (Niliandika blogi yote juu yake hapa). Kati ya mwaka wa 1757 na 1761 majengo ya daraja hilo yalibomolewa. Ilikuwa imepanuliwa na kuboreshwa kwa ajili ya watembea kwa miguu kwa kuingizwa kwa alcoves mawe na benchi dotted pamoja na urefu wake. Mchoro wa rangi ya maji wa Thomas Shotter Boys wa mwaka 1832 unaonyesha miezi michache ya mwisho ya Daraja la London la Kale kabla ya kubomolewa. Unaweza kuona wazi moja ya alcoves jiwe ambayo mimi <unk>ve mzunguko katika bluu. Daraja la London la John Rennie lilijengwa mwaka 1831 na lina ngazi za mawe. Kwa kushangaza, vyumba vinne vya mawe vimeokoka! Mbili zaweza kupatikana katika Victoria Park. Moja ni ndani ya majengo ya zamani Guy's Hospital kutembea mfupi kutoka London Bridge mpya. Na ya nne ni ndani ya makazi ya Courtlands katika North Sheen! 2. Uwezekano wa kupata Temple Bar, ambayo ilijengwa na Christopher Wren, ilikamilika mwaka wa 1671. Hapo awali ilisimama kwenye mlango wa magharibi wa Jiji la London kwenye Barabara ya Fleet nje tu ya Mahakama za Kifalme za Haki. Maeneo ya Temple Bar Memorial ni ya kihistoria na ya kihistoria, na unaweza kusoma juu yake hapa. Mnamo mwaka wa 1878, Temple Bar ilionwa kuwa ni kizuizi cha trafiki na kwa siku 11 tu ilibomolewa jiwe kwa jiwe na kuhamishwa kwenye Theobald Park. Mnamo mwaka wa 2004 ilirudi London na sasa iko kwenye mlango wa Paternoster Square. Unaweza kusoma zaidi kuhusu historia yake yenye kustaajabisha hapa. 3. Uwe na mtazamo wa kweli Crosby Hall On Cheyne Walk, unaweza kuwa na mara mbili kuchukua kama wewe kuona nini inaonekana kuwa Tudor Riverside Palace. Ingawa ilibadilishwa sana kama nyumba ya kibinafsi ya Dk Christopher Moran, ukumbi mkubwa katika kituo chake ni mlinzi wa kweli wa enzi za kati ambaye alipelekwa kutoka Jiji la London hadi Chelsea mnamo 1910 kisha akajengwa upya chini ya uongozi wa Walter Godfrey. Unaweza kufurahia ukumbi huo (uliojengwa mwaka wa 1466!) "Kama ilivyoelezwa hapo juu, ""Mimi ni mjumbe wa kikundi cha watu wa kawaida wa Dr. Moran." 4. Uwe na uhakika St. Anthony's Steeple ni moja ya juxtapositions ajabu unaweza kukutana katika London Kusini ni kanisa hii steeple na Christopher Wren. Kanisa la St Antholin lilitumiwa kusimama kwenye tovuti ya leo ya Bloomberg HQ kwenye Queen Victoria Street. Jengo hilo lilijengwa upya baada ya moto mkubwa na Christopher Wren lakini lilibomolewa katika karne ya 19. Mlinzi wa kanisa, Robert Harrild, ambaye alihisi amevutiwa na mnara huo mzuri wa mawe, alilipa pauni tano kuuhamisha kwenye bustani yake huko Sydenham. Nyumba ya Round Hill ilibomolewa mwaka 1960 na kuanzishwa jengo la makazi. Kwa bahati nzuri walibaki na mnara huo! Soma zaidi kuhusu historia ya St Antholin na mnara hapa. 5. Uwe na mtazamo mzuri. Mnara wa All Hallows, Lombard Street Ikiwa bado hujakusanyika sasa, vitu kadhaa vimehamishwa kutoka Jiji la London lenye watu wengi na makanisa yanaonekana kuwa daima katika mstari wa moto wa uharibifu. Mji wa Lombard Street ulianzishwa mwaka 1054 na umebadilishwa mara kadhaa. Jengo hilo liliharibiwa na moto mkubwa wa mwaka 1694 na Christopher Wren akajenga upya. Mnamo mwaka wa 1937, kanisa hilo lilionwa kuwa halina usalama na mnara na vifaa vyake vilihamishwa hadi Twickenham. Leo mnara huo ni alama kubwa kando ya Barabara ya Chertsey, umbali mfupi kutoka Uwanja wa Twickenham. Maelezo ya ndani ni ya kushangaza na inastahili blogi kamili ambayo nitashiriki hivi karibuni! 6. Uwe na uhakika Nyumba ya Paul Pindar Hii labda ni maonyesho yangu favorite katika Victoria na Albert Makumbusho katika South Kensington. Ni ghostly zamani facade ya City mfanyabiashara nyumba kujengwa katika 1599. Inajulikana kama nyumba ya Paul Pindar ilisimama kwenye tovuti ya Kituo cha Barabara ya Liverpool kabla ya kubadilishwa na kituo hicho. Nyumba ya Paul Pindar baadaye ikawa pub na kuna picha ya ajabu kutoka katikati hadi mwishoni mwa karne ya 19. Kwa bahati nzuri, ngozi ya nje ya mbao iliokolewa na unaweza kuiona kwa bure katika V&A's Medieval na Renaissance galleries. 7. Uwe na mtazamo gani? The Seven Dials Pillar ni nguzo ya kihistoria iliyowekwa katika mwaka 1693. Ina jina lake kwa sababu ni kundi la barabara saba bursting kutoka hatua ya kati. Tangu mwanzo kabisa kulikuwa na nguzo kubwa ya mawe katikati. Kuna mchoro katika Jumba la Makumbusho la Uingereza unaoonyesha muundo wa awali wa Edward Pierce. Katika 1773 nguzo hiyo iliondolewa na makomishna wa paving (inadaiwa kwa sababu walikuwa scandalized na <unk>undesirables<unk> kukusanyika katika msingi wake). "Kutoka kwa James Paine, mchongaji wa ""Weybridge Green"" wa Uingereza, ilijengwa mnamo 1820 na kuwakumbusha watu wote kuhusu Frederica, Duchess wa York (1767-1820)." "Hii ni kwa sababu ya kuwa ""Seven Dials"" ni mfano wa mfano wa zamani wa kihistoria." Kwa habari zaidi ya kufurahisha na historia iliyofichwa karibu na Covent Garden unaweza kujiunga na ziara yangu ya kutembea, Sinful Seven Dials. 8. Uwe na mtazamo gani? Marble Arch Wakati mwingine kuwasili mpya inafaa vizuri sana na mazingira yake unaweza kuamini imekuwa hapo daima. Hilo ni kweli hasa inapohusisha eneo lote. Marble Arch ni mfano mzuri kwa sababu mwamba wa ushindi uliojengwa mnamo 1827 na John Nash haukuwa daima kwenye ukingo wa magharibi wa Oxford Street. Jumba hilo la kifalme lilijengwa nje ya jumba la kifalme la Buckingham, kama inavyoonekana kwenye mchoro ulio chini ya picha hiyo. Katika 1847 (kufanya nafasi kwa ajili ya facade mpya kujengwa mbele ya jumba la kifalme) Marble Arch ilikuwa kusafirishwa kwa eneo lake jipya ambapo inaweza kupendwa leo. 9. (a) Kwa nini? The Embankment Dragons The penultimate kusonga alama ya maadili inakuja kama jozi. Dragons fedha ni ishara ya mji wa London, kuonyesha wewe ni kuvuka katika mji mara moja wewe kupita yao juu ya Embankment. Wao ni wawili wa wengi kidogo fedha joka alama ya Mji wa mipaka lakini hizi ni ya kipekee kwa ukubwa wao na asili. Meli hiyo ilikuwa ikisimama kwenye soko la makaa ya mawe na unaweza kuiona katika picha hii hapa chini, pande zote mbili za msingi wa mnara wa mviringo. Kumi. St. Olav's Chapel, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Olav's Church, St. Mnamo mwaka wa 1734, Henry Flitcroft alibuni kanisa jipya, lakini lilirekebishwa tena baada ya moto. Mnamo mwaka wa 1928, jengo hilo lilibomolewa na sehemu ya mnara huo ikabadilishwa kuwa chemchemi ya maji. Leo inaweza kupatikana katika Tanner Street Park, Bermondsey na unaweza kusoma zaidi kuhusu historia yake hapa. Natumaini umefurahia orodha hii ya mapambo yangu ya London yaliyohamishwa. Miongoni mwa vitu vingine vinavyoweza kutajwa ni Kanisa la St. Mary Aldermanbury (sasa iko Missouri, Marekani), mabaki ya Crystal Palace, chumba hiki cha kihistoria ndani ya Lloyds of London, Wellington Clock Tower (sasa iko Swanage) na bila shaka, Daraja la London la John Rennie ambalo sasa liko Arizona, Marekani. Je, kuna zaidi ambayo nimekosa?! Katika Devonshire Square, mraba wa kawaida karibu na Kituo cha Liverpool Street, unaweza kufunua tabaka kadhaa za kushangaza za historia ya London - inayoanzia karne ya 16 hadi sasa. "Blog yangu ilikuwa imekaa na wino wa ""Bishopsgate 8"" wakati jukwaa jingine la bure la kutazama jiji la London lilifunguliwa karibu na nyumba yangu." Horizon 22 ni moja ya maeneo ya juu zaidi ya London, na unaweza kuona mengi zaidi. Mimi <unk>ve kuweka pamoja mwongozo kidogo......