Thermoregulation is often cited as a potentially important influence on the evolution of hominins, thanks to a highly influential series of papers in the Journal of Human Evolution in the 1980s and 1990s by Peter Wheeler. These papers developed quantitative modeling of heat balance between different potential hominins and their environment. Here, we return to these models, update them in line with new developments and measurements in animal thermal biology, and modify them to represent a running hominin rather than the stationary form considered previously. In particular, we use our modified Wheeler model to investigate thermoregulatory aspects of the evolution of endurance running ability. Our model suggests that for endurance running to be possible, a hominin would need locomotive efficiency, sweating rates, and areas of hairless skin similar to modern humans. We argue that these restrictions suggest that endurance running may have been possible (from a thermoregulatory viewpoint) for Homo erectus, but is unlikely for any earlier hominins. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Thermoregulation mara nyingi inatajwa kama athari muhimu ya uwezekano juu ya mageuzi ya hominins, shukrani kwa mfululizo wa maktaba yenye ushawishi mkubwa katika Jarida la Mageuzi ya Binadamu katika miaka ya 1980 na 1990 na Peter Wheeler. Karatasi hizi zilizindua mfano wa kiasi cha usawa wa joto kati ya hominins tofauti za uwezekano na mazingira yao. Hapa, tunarudi kwa mifano hii, kuibadilisha kulingana na maendeleo mapya na vipimo katika biolojia ya joto ya wanyama, na kuibadilisha ili kuwakilisha hominin ya kukimbia badala ya fomu ya kukaa iliyozingatiwa hapo awali. Hasa, sisi kutumia yetu iliyopita Wheeler mfano kuchunguza thermoregulatory masuala ya mageuzi ya uwezo wa kukabiliana na kukimbia. "Mfano wetu unaonyesha kwamba ili mbio za uvumilivu ziwezekane, hominin ingehitaji ufanisi wa injini, viwango vya kuoga, na maeneo ya ngozi isiyo na nywele sawa na wanadamu wa kisasa. """ "Kama ilivyoelezwa hapo juu, ""mwisho wa muda"" unaonyesha kwamba mbio za uvumilivu zinaweza kuwa za kawaida kwa Homo erectus, lakini hazina uwezekano kwa hominins yoyote ya mapema." (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. Haki zote zimehifadhiwa.