If you find yourself in a situation where your baby doesn’t show any sign of life, the first thing to do is to call for an ambulance.
Make sure you are safe: Ensure that the place is safe for you and the child, and then, perform CPR.
Check for response: You should assume that cardiac arrest is present if the baby is unresponsive and not breathing or only gasping. To check for response, gently tap the baby and shout the name. If there’s no response, start CPR.
The C-A-B sequences: The three priorities when dealing with an emergency are referred to as C-A-B: Compression-Airway-Breathing.
Compression: Give chest compression to generate blood flow and increase the chance of Return Of Spontaneous Circulation. To do that, place two fingers, or the heel of one or two hands, in the middle of the chest and push down by 4cm (about 1.5 inches), which is approximately one-third of the chest’s total diameter.
Airway: Open the airway using a head tilt-chin lift maneuver. To do that, place one hand on your child’s forehead and gently tilt the head back, lifting the tip of the chin using two fingers. This moves the tongue away from the back of the throat.
Breathing: Give breaths to an infant using a mouth-to-mouth-and-nose technique. To do that, place your mouth over the mouth and nose of the infant and blow steadily and firmly. Make sure the breaths are effective (ie, the chest rises). Each breath should take about 1 second.
Compression-Only CPR: If you or the rescuer are unable to deliver rescue breaths, you should provide only chest compressions.
CPR steps for infants under one year old
- Place the baby on the back on a firm, flat surface.
- Place two fingers in the middle of the chest and push down by 4cm (about 1.5 inches), which is approximately one-third of the chests’ total diameter. The depth of chest compressions is very important. Use the heel of one or two hands if you can’t achieve a depth of 4cm using the tips of two fingers.
- Perform 30 chest compressions at a rate of 2 per second. Count out loud: “One and two and three and four…,” pushing down as you say the number and coming up as you say “and.”
- Perform 2 rescue breaths. To do that, open the infant’s airway by placing one hand on the forehead and gently tilting the head back and lifting the chin. Remove any visible obstructions from the mouth and nose. Then place your mouth over the mouth and nose of the infant and blow steadily and firmly into their mouth, checking that their chest rises. Give two initial rescue breaths. Each breath should take about 1 second.
- Continue the cycle of 30 chest compressions and 2 rescue breaths until your child begins to recover or emergency help arrives.
What if the chest doesn’t rise?
If your child’s chest does not rise, reposition the head, make a better seal, and try again. If it is not effective and the child’s chest still does not rise, the airway could be blocked. If that’s the case, open the baby’s mouth and look for objects to remove. Continue to check the mouth after each set of compressions until the chest rises as you breathe in.
What if the child is bleeding?
Make sure your baby is not bleeding severely; if that’s the case, take the first measures to stop the bleeding by applying pressure to the area.
What exactly is CPR?
CPR stands for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. It is a lifesaving measure you can take to save a child who shows no signs of life. CPR uses chest compressions and rescue breaths to make oxygen-rich blood circulate through the brain and other organs until the child revives or medical help arrives.
Ikiwa unakutana na hali ambapo mtoto wako haonyeshi dalili zozote za uhai, jambo la kwanza la kufanya ni kuita gari la wagonjwa. Hakikisha kwamba mahali ulipo ni salama kwa ajili yako na mtoto wako, kisha fanya CPR. "Kuchunguza kwa makini: ""Kama mtoto wako anaendelea kupumua au kupumua, unapaswa kudhani kwamba ana mshtuko wa moyo." Ili kujua ikiwa mtoto wako ataitikia, piga kwa upole na kumwita jina lake. Ikiwa hakuna majibu, anza CPR. Mfuatano wa C-A-B: Vipengele vitatu vya kipaumbele wakati wa kushughulika na dharura vinaitwa C-A-B: Compression-Airway-Breathing. Compression: Kutoa mfinyanzi kifua kuzalisha mtiririko wa damu na kuongeza nafasi ya Return Of Spontaneous Circulation. Ili kufanya hivyo, weka vidole viwili, au kisigino cha mkono mmoja au mbili, katikati ya kifua na kushinikiza chini kwa sentimita 4 (inchi 1.5), ambayo ni takriban theluthi moja ya kipenyo cha jumla cha kifua. Njia ya hewa: Fungua njia ya hewa kwa kutumia kichwa tilt-chinn kuinua maneuver. Ili kufanya hivyo, weka mkono mmoja kwenye paji la uso wa mtoto wako na umgeuzie kichwa nyuma kwa upole, ukinyanyua ncha ya kidevu kwa kutumia vidole viwili. Hilo huondoa ulimi nyuma ya koo. Kupumua: Mpe mtoto mchanga pumzi kwa kutumia mbinu ya mdomo-kwa- mdomo-na-pua. Ili kufanya hivyo, weka mdomo wako juu ya mdomo na pua ya mtoto na upige kwa utulivu na kwa nguvu. Hakikisha kwamba pumzi ni nzuri (yaani, kifua huinuka). Kila pumzi ya lazima kuchukua karibu sekunde moja. CPR ya compression tu: Ikiwa wewe au msaidizi huwezi kutoa pumzi za uokoaji, unapaswa kutoa tu compressions ya kifua. Hatua za CPR kwa watoto walio chini ya umri wa mwaka mmoja - Weka mtoto mgongoni kwenye uso thabiti, wa gorofa. Weka vidole viwili katikati ya kifua na kushinikiza chini kwa 4cm (karibu inchi 1.5), ambayo ni takriban theluthi moja ya kipenyo cha jumla cha kifua. Uwezo wa kukandamiza kifua ni muhimu sana. Tumia kisigino cha mkono mmoja au mbili kama huwezi kufikia kina cha 4cm kwa kutumia ncha za vidole viwili. Fanya compressions 30 za kifua kwa kiwango cha 2 kwa sekunde. Hesabu kwa sauti: <unk>One na mbili na tatu na nne...<unk> kushinikiza chini kama kusema idadi na kuja juu kama kusema <unk>na.<unk> - Kufanya 2 uokoaji pumzi. Ili kufanya hivyo, funua njia ya hewa ya mtoto kwa kuweka mkono mmoja kwenye paji la uso na kwa upole kumwinua kichwa nyuma na kuinua kidevu. Ondoa vizuizi vyovyote vinavyoonekana kutoka kinywani na pua. Kisha weka mdomo wako juu ya mdomo na pua ya mtoto na pumua kwa utulivu na kwa nguvu ndani ya mdomo wake, ukitazama kama kifua chake kinapanda. Tumia pumzi mbili za kwanza za kuokoa. Kila pumzi ya lazima kuchukua karibu sekunde moja. - Endelea mzunguko wa 30 ya kifua compressions na 2 uokoaji pumzi mpaka mtoto wako kuanza kupona au msaada wa dharura kufika. Namna gani ikiwa kifua hakitoke? Ikiwa kifua cha mtoto hakinuki, weka kichwa chake mahali pengine, funga vizuri, na ujaribu tena. Ikiwa haifanyi kazi na kifua cha mtoto bado hakinuki, njia ya kupumua yaweza kufungwa. Ikiwa ndivyo ilivyo,fungua kinywa cha mtoto na utafute vitu utakavyoviondoa. Endelea kuchunguza mdomo baada ya kila seti ya compressions mpaka kifua huinuka wakati wewe kupumua katika. Namna gani ikiwa mtoto anavuja damu? Hakikisha kwamba mtoto wako hana damu nyingi; ikiwa ndivyo, chukua hatua za kwanza za kuzuia damu kwa kushinikiza eneo hilo. CPR ni nini hasa? CPR ni kifupi cha Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Hii ni hatua muhimu ambayo unaweza kuchukua ili kuokoa mtoto ambaye hana dalili za maisha. CPR hutumia compressions ya kifua na kupumua kuokoa ili kufanya damu yenye oksijeni kuzunguka kupitia ubongo na viungo vingine hadi mtoto atakapopona au msaada wa matibabu ufikie.