In a traditional classroom, a teacher enters the class, greets the students, writes words on the board, asks students to read and then asks students to copy the words onto their notebooks. This process is repeated for every class. Over here, learning mainly relies on vision and hearing only. This fixed structure of teaching method makes learning a boring and burdensome process.
Now, if the teacher comes to the classroom with colourful pictures and different textured materials and incorporates songs and movement in the teaching-learning process, everything becomes much more fun and interesting for the learners and the teachers. Giving such activities stimulates and engages multiple senses of a child. This is called multisensory teaching.
Let us see more about this.
Multisensory Learning Style
Multisensory learning style uses multiple senses to gather and process information. When information is received through multiple senses children learn better and also with more interest.
Visual Reasoning And Learning
A visual learner can be supported by presenting information visually. The use of posters, pictures, concept maps or graphic organizers etc. can help children learn through visual modality.
Auditory techniques present content in auditory form. Rhymes, music, songs can be used to teach children who prefer auditory modality for learning.
Tactile Teaching Methods
The method of using the sense of touch is called tactile teaching method. Methods like sand writing, using manipulatives like beads to teach counting are some examples.
Kinesthetic method includes the use of movement to teach a particular skill. For example, while teaching counting a child can be asked to jump ‘1’ time or ‘3’ times. Also while teaching letter formation of ‘A’, the outline can be drawn on the floor and the child can be asked to walk along the outline.
For a better understanding of the multisensory approach to teaching, here is an example. To teach the sound of alphabet ‘a’ through the multisensory approach we can first introduce the sound of the alphabet through a simple story(auditory technique), then the child can be made to form the letter ‘a’ by writing the letter in the air using his/her hand(kinesthetic technique), then pictures of items starting with the sound of ‘a’ can be shown and said at the same time(visual and auditory technique) and letters can be written on sand while saying the sound(tactile and auditory technique) after which a rhyme can be sung along with actions(Auditory and kinesthetic technique).
Multisensory Learning Activities
Multisensory learning activities engage multiple senses. By incorporating multisensory activities into learning, children will learn and also retain what is learnt more effectively. Here are a few multisensory activities:-
Read it.. Build it.. Write it!
This hands-on activity is a great way to teach children how to read, spell and write words. Sight words can be taught effectively using this method. The word to be taught should be read out first by the teacher and then the student should be made to repeat it. Then the child should be made to build the word using letter cards, magnetic letters or clay. After this, the child should be made to write the word.
Writing in sand/shaving cream
Sand writing or writing in shaving cream can be used for multisensory learning. For instance, while teaching letter sounds you can say the sound of the letter and ask the child to repeat it, then the letter can be placed above the sand tray and the child can be asked to form the letter on the sand/shaving cream while saying the sound.
Air writing is a simple way of learning spelling. The word is read from a flash card and then underlined using fingers. Then each letter is written in the air using the fingers while saying the name of each letter and then the word. This is repeated 3-4 times
Kinesthetic and tactile learners will enjoy this method. It involves tapping arms while saying the letters of a word. Sight words are taught in this manner. For example, the word “said” can be taught by segmenting the sounds as “s”-“ai”- d”. While saying the sound use the index and middle finger together to tap the sound. For instance, tap on the shoulder saying ‘s’, on the elbow saying ‘ai’, and on the wrist saying ‘d’.
Blending boards are an effective tool to teach students the foundations of blending different letter sounds. Letter cards are placed on the board and then blended(visual and auditory). Through this children can learn to manipulate and blend different sounds thereby strengthening the skill of blending different sounds. This is one of the important skills required to decode words.
Incorporating multisensory approaches and techniques helps children to become more active learners. It offers a hands-on experience to children which makes them motivated to learn new skills and retain what is learnt. Presenting content through multiple modalities also caters to different types of learners making content accessible to all.
Read More: Multisensory Learning
Katika darasa la kawaida, mwalimu huingia darasani, anawasalimu wanafunzi, anaandika maneno kwenye ubao, anawaomba wanafunzi wasome na kisha anawaomba wanafunzi wakopee maneno kwenye vitabu vyao. Utaratibu huu hurudiwa kwa kila darasa. Hapa, kujifunza hutegemea hasa kuona na kusikia tu. Muundo huo wa kawaida wa njia ya kufundisha hufanya kujifunza kuwe jambo lenye kuchosha na lenye kulemaza. Sasa, kama mwalimu anakuja darasani na picha za rangi na vifaa tofauti na kuingiza nyimbo na harakati katika mchakato wa kufundisha-kujifunza, kila kitu inakuwa furaha zaidi na ya kuvutia kwa wanafunzi na walimu. Kutoa shughuli kama hizo huchochea na kuchochea hisia nyingi za mtoto. Hii inaitwa kufundisha kwa njia ya hisia nyingi. Hebu tuone zaidi kuhusu hilo. Multisensory Learning Style (MSL) ni mtindo wa kujifunza wa senses nyingi, ambayo hutumia hisia nyingi kukusanya na kusindika habari. Wakati habari inapopokelewa kupitia hisi nyingi watoto hujifunza vizuri na pia kwa kupendezwa zaidi. Visual Ushawishi na Kujifunza Mjuzi wa kuona anaweza kuungwa mkono kwa kuwasilisha habari kwa kuona. Matumizi ya mabango, picha, ramani dhana au graphic waandaaji nk. Watoto wanaweza kujifunza kupitia njia ya kuona. Mbinu za kusikia zinaonyesha yaliyomo katika fomu ya kusikia. Nyimbo, muziki, nyimbo zinaweza kutumiwa kufundisha watoto ambao hupendelea njia ya kusikia kwa ajili ya kujifunza. Mbinu za Kufundisha Kwa Kugusa Njia ya kutumia hisi ya kugusa inaitwa mbinu ya kufundisha kwa kugusa. Mbinu kama kuandika mchanga, kutumia manipulatives kama shanga kufundisha kuhesabu ni baadhi ya mifano. Mbinu ya kinesthetic inatia ndani kutumia mwendo ili kufundisha ustadi fulani. Kwa mfano, wakati wa kufundisha kuhesabu mtoto anaweza kuombwa kuruka <unk>1<unk> mara au <unk>3<unk> mara. Pia wakati wa kufundisha uundaji wa herufi ya <unk>A<unk>, muhtasari unaweza kuchorwa kwenye sakafu na mtoto anaweza kuombwa kutembea kando ya muhtasari. Kwa uelewa bora wa mbinu ya multisensory ya kufundisha, hapa ni mfano. "Kupitia mbinu ya ""multi-sensory"" (mtazamo wa kusikia na kuona) unaweza kuanzisha sauti ya alfabeti kwa njia ya hadithi rahisi (mbinu ya kusikia), kisha mtoto anaweza kufanywa kuunda herufi ""a"" kwa kuandika herufi hewani kwa kutumia mkono wake (mbinu ya kinesthetic), kisha picha za vitu vinavyoanza na sauti ya ""a"" zinaweza kuonyeshwa na kusemwa wakati huo huo (mbinu ya kuona na kusikia), na herufi zinaweza kuandikwa kwenye mchanga wakati wa kusema sauti (mbinu ya kugusa na kusikia)." Shughuli za kujifunza za sensori nyingi Shughuli za kujifunza za sensori nyingi huhusisha hisia nyingi. Kwa kuingiza shughuli za hisia nyingi katika kujifunza, watoto watajifunza na pia kuhifadhi kile kilichofundishwa kwa ufanisi zaidi. Hapa ni baadhi ya shughuli multisensory:- Soma ni.. Jenga... andika! Shughuli hii ya mikono ni njia nzuri ya kuwafundisha watoto jinsi ya kusoma, kuandika na kuandika maneno. Maneno ya kuona yanaweza kufundishwa kwa matokeo kwa kutumia njia hii. Neno linalopaswa kufundishwa linapaswa kusomwa kwanza na mwalimu na kisha mwanafunzi apate kurudia. Kisha mtoto anapaswa kufanywa kujenga neno kwa kutumia kadi za herufi, herufi za sumaku au udongo. Baada ya hapo, mtoto anapaswa kuandikwa neno hilo. Kuandika katika mchanga / shaving cream Sand kuandika au kuandika katika shaving cream inaweza kutumika kwa ajili ya kujifunza multisensory. Kwa mfano, wakati wa kufundisha sauti za herufi, unaweza kusema sauti ya herufi na kumwomba mtoto arudiane, kisha barua inaweza kuwekwa juu ya tray ya mchanga na mtoto anaweza kuombwa kuunda herufi kwenye mchanga au cream ya kunyoa wakati wa kusema sauti. Kuandika kwa hewa ni njia rahisi ya kujifunza herufi. Neno hilo husomwa kutoka kwenye kadi ya kumbukumbu kisha huonyeshwa kwa kutumia vidole. Kisha kila herufi huandikwa hewani kwa kutumia vidole huku ukisema jina la kila herufi na kisha neno. Hii ni mara tatu au nne mara kwa mara, na kinesthetic na tactile wanafunzi kufurahia njia hii. Inahusisha kugonga mikono huku ukisema herufi za neno. Maneno ya kuona hufundishwa kwa njia hiyo. Kwa mfano, neno <unk>said<unk> linaweza kufundishwa kwa kugawanya sauti kama <unk>s<unk>-<unk>ai<unk>-d<unk>. Wakati wa kusema sauti kutumia index na kidole cha kati pamoja kugonga sauti. Kwa mfano, piga bega ukisema <unk>s<unk>, kiwiko ukisema <unk>ai<unk>, na mkono ukisema <unk>d<unk>. Bodi za kuchanganya ni chombo chenye matokeo cha kuwafundisha wanafunzi misingi ya kuchanganya sauti tofauti za herufi. Kadi herufi ni kuwekwa juu ya ubao na kisha mchanganyiko (visually na auditory). Kupitia hii watoto wanaweza kujifunza kudhibiti na kuchanganya sauti tofauti na hivyo kuimarisha ustadi wa kuchanganya sauti tofauti. Hii ni mojawapo ya ustadi muhimu unaohitajika ili kufasiri maneno. Kuingiza mbinu na mbinu za kuhisi mambo mengi husaidia watoto wawe wanafunzi wenye bidii zaidi. Ni inatoa uzoefu wa mikono kwa watoto ambayo inafanya wao kuhamasishwa kujifunza ujuzi mpya na kuhifadhi kile kilichojifunza. Kuwasilisha maudhui kupitia njia nyingi pia hutumikia aina tofauti za wanafunzi kufanya maudhui ya kupatikana kwa wote. Soma zaidi: Kujifunza kwa Njia Mengi