By Ross Pelton, RPh, PhD, CCN
Scientific Director, Essential Formulas
Butyrate, classified as a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), is one of the most critical postbiotic metabolites produced by your intestinal bacteria. Butyrate is made when certain strains of probiotic bacteria ferment non-digestible dietary fibers in your colon.
The cells that line your colon are called colonocytes. These cells have the highest rate of turnover in the human body. Most people don’t realize that they create an entirely new lining of their colon every 5 to 7 days. It takes an enormous amount of energy for the body to be making these new cells constantly.i
Butyrate & Energy
Butyrate is the primary energy source for the continual renewal of colonocytes. It has been estimated that approximately 10% of a human’s daily energy requirement is provided by butyrate. Hence, butyrate plays a critical role in an individual’s daily energy requirements and ensures the healthy renewal of the cells that line the colon.ii
Butyrate Creates Hypoxia (Low Oxygen) in the Colon
Virtually every human cell in your body requires oxygen to function. However, most of your microbial cells thrive in an anaerobic (low oxygen or non-oxygen) environment. This is crucial for maintaining a healthy microbiome.
Probiotic bacteria in the colon produce the postbiotic metabolite butyrate. The cells lining the colon (colonocytes) absorb butyrate and metabolize it to produce energy. This process, called beta-oxidation, utilizes significant quantities of oxygen, which creates a low oxygen (hypoxia) condition in the colon. Over 99% of your probiotic bacteria are anaerobic, which means they thrive in a low-oxygen environment.
Think about what happens when you take antibiotics, which kills off the harmful bacteria along with the good. When your butyrate-generating bacteria are killed, colonocytes do not have access to adequate butyrate. When butyrate is in short supply, colonocyte metabolism is forced to change. As a result, the colonocytes utilize less oxygen, which causes the level of oxygen in the colon to increase. Higher oxygen content is lethal to your anaerobic probiotic bacteria, but it supports and promotes the growth of pathogens.
Inflammation & Leaky Gut
Low levels of butyrate are associated with higher levels of inflammation and disruption of the intestinal barrier, which leads to intestinal permeability or “leaky gut.”iii Studies have shown that increasing levels of butyrate-producing gut bacteria such as Faecalibacteria reduces inflammation and helps heal intestinal permeability.
Ketogenic or “keto” diets have become quite popular. The standard ketogenic diet is designed to contain very low carbohydrate (only 10%), moderate protein (20%), and high fat (70%). Keto diets are popular among bodybuilders who what to increase their muscle mass, and keto diets also result in weight loss.
While keto diets may provide some health benefits, there can be some negative consequences from dramatically lowering the intake of carbohydrates. Studies have shown people on ketogenic diets have reduced numbers of critical butyrate-producing bacteria. Lower levels of butyrate increase the risk of inflammation and damage to the gut mucosal barrier, leading to intestinal permeability.iv Thus, there may be health risks associated with long-term adherence to ketogenic diets.
How To Enhance Your Microbiome’s Butyrate Production?
The internet abounds with suggestions on how to increase your gut butyrate levels, such as consuming more butter or taking butyrate supplements. However, orally consuming butyrate isn’t very effective as the butyrate gets absorbed, which means it does not reach the colon, which is the site location where it produces its health benefits.
The only effective method of increasing butyrate levels in the colon is to let your probiotic bacteria do the work. How is that accomplished? By increasing your intake of carbohydrates in the form of fiber-rich foods such as multi-colored vegetables. Several different strains of intestinal bacteria, known for their ability to produce butyrate, reside in the colon.v By consuming a diet that contains a wide range of different kinds of fiber-rich foods, you will ensure that your strains of butyrate-producing bacteria have the fiber they need to produce optimal levels of butyrate for you.
Dr. Ohhira’s Probiotics are premier dietary supplements to support a healthy microbiome and to promote overall intestinal health. Produced through an exclusive, multi-year fermentation process, these products are made from a wide range of prebiotics from fiber-rich foods coupled with multiple synergistic strains of probiotics – known for their ability to create butyrate along with other beneficial postbiotic metabolites. Discover the Dr. Ohhira’s Advantage with a full-spectrum of prebiotics, probiotics and postbiotics.
Ross Pelton, PhD, Mkurugenzi wa Sayansi wa CCN, Essential Formulas Butyrate, iliyoorodheshwa kama asidi ya mafuta ya mlolongo mfupi (SCFA), ni moja ya metabolites muhimu zaidi ya baada ya biotic zinazozalishwa na bakteria yako ya matumbo. Butyrate hutengenezwa wakati aina fulani za bakteria za probiotic zinapochoma nyuzi za chakula zisizoweza kumeng'enywa katika utumbo wako. Chembe za ndani za utumbo huitwa colonocytes. Chembe hizo ndizo zenye kiwango cha juu zaidi cha kubadilika-badilika katika mwili wa binadamu. Watu wengi hawajui kwamba wao kujenga lining mpya kabisa ya utumbo wao kila siku tano hadi saba. Kwa sababu ya nguvu nyingi za mwili, mwili hutumia nishati nyingi kutengeneza seli mpya, na butyrate ni chanzo kikuu cha nishati kwa ajili ya upyaji wa kawaida wa colonocytes. Inakadiriwa kuwa asilimia 10 ya mahitaji ya kila siku ya binadamu yanapatikana kwa butyrate. Kwa hiyo, butyrate ina jukumu muhimu katika mahitaji ya kila siku ya nishati ya mtu na kuhakikisha upyaji wa afya ya seli ambazo zinafunika colon. butyrate huunda hypoxia (low oksijeni) katika colon. Hata hivyo, chembe zako nyingi za vimelea huendelea kusitawi katika mazingira yasiyo na oksijeni (yaani yenye oksijeni kidogo au bila oksijeni). Hii ni muhimu kwa kudumisha microbiome yenye afya. Bakteria za probiotiki katika utumbo mzito hutokeza butyrate ya metaboliti ya baada ya uhai. Chembe zinazofunika utumbo wa tumbo (kolonocytes) huchukua butyrate na kuibadilisha ili kutokeza nishati. Utaratibu huu, unaoitwa beta-oxidation, hutumia kiasi kikubwa cha oksijeni, ambayo hutokeza hali ya oksijeni ya chini (hypoxia) katika utumbo mzito. Zaidi ya 99% ya bakteria za probiotic ni anaerobic, ambayo inamaanisha wanaishi katika mazingira ya chini ya oksijeni. Fikiria kile kinachotokea unapochukua viuavijasumu, ambavyo huua bakteria zenye madhara pamoja na zile nzuri. Wakati bakteria yako inayotokeza butyrate inapouawa, colonocytes hazina upatikanaji wa butyrate ya kutosha. Butyrate inapokuwa na upungufu, kimetaboliki ya colonocyte hulazimika kubadilika. Matokeo ni kwamba, chembe za utumbo hutumia oksijeni kidogo, na hilo husababisha kiwango cha oksijeni katika utumbo kuongezeka. Kiasi cha juu cha oksijeni ni hatari kwa bakteria za anaerobic, lakini huendeleza ukuaji wa bakteria. Mazao ya chini ya butyrate yanahusishwa na viwango vya juu vya uvimbe na kuvunjika kwa kizuizi cha matumbo, ambayo husababisha upenyezaji wa matumbo au <unk> matumbo yanayopenyeka <unk> Uchunguzi umeonyesha kuwa kuongezeka kwa viwango vya bakteria za matumbo zinazozalisha butyrate kama vile Faecalobacteria hupunguza uvimbe na kusaidia kuponya upenyezaji wa matumbo. Chakula cha ketogenic au "keto" kimekuwa maarufu sana. Chakula cha kawaida cha ketogenic kinaweza kuwa na kiwango cha chini cha wanga (sawa na 10%), protini ya wastani (20%), na mafuta ya juu (70%). Keto ni moja ya njia maarufu za kujenga misuli, na kwa hivyo inasaidia kupunguza uzito. Ingawa vyakula vya keto vinaweza kutoa faida fulani za afya, kunaweza kuwa na matokeo hasi kutokana na kupunguza sana ulaji wa wanga. Uchunguzi umeonyesha kuwa watu wanaokula vyakula vya ketogenic wamepunguza idadi ya bakteria zinazozalisha butyrate. Kiwango cha chini cha butyrate huongeza hatari ya uvimbe na uharibifu wa kizuizi cha utumbo wa matumbo, na kusababisha upenyezaji wa matumbo. Jinsi ya Kuongeza Uzalishaji wa Butyrate ya Microbiome Yako? Kuna mapendekezo mengi juu ya jinsi ya kuongeza kiwango cha butyrate ya utumbo, kama vile kula siagi zaidi au kuchukua virutubisho vya butyrate. Hata hivyo, butyrate ya mdomo haifanyi kazi sana kwani butyrate hufyonzwa, ambayo inamaanisha haifiki kwenye utumbo, ambayo ni eneo ambapo inazalisha faida zake za afya. Njia pekee ya kuongeza viwango vya butyrate katika utumbo ni kuruhusu bakteria yako ya probiotic kufanya kazi. Hilo hutimizwaje? Kuongeza ulaji wa wanga katika aina ya vyakula vyenye nyuzi nyingi kama vile mboga zenye rangi nyingi. Aina mbalimbali za bakteria za matumbo, zinazojulikana kwa uwezo wao wa kutengeneza butyrate, huishi katika utumbo.Kwa kula chakula chenye aina mbalimbali za vyakula vyenye nyuzinyuzi nyingi, utahakikisha kwamba aina zako za bakteria zinazozalisha butyrate zina nyuzinyuzi zinazohitajika kutengeneza viwango bora vya butyrate. Probiotics ya Dr. Ohira ni virutubisho vya lishe vya kwanza kusaidia microbiome yenye afya na kukuza afya ya jumla ya matumbo. Kutokana na mchakato wa kipekee wa fermentation ya miaka mingi, bidhaa hizi hutengenezwa kutoka kwa aina mbalimbali za prebiotics kutoka kwa vyakula vyenye nyuzi nyingi pamoja na aina nyingi za synergistic za probiotics - zinazojulikana kwa uwezo wao wa kuunda butyrate pamoja na metabolites nyingine za faida za postbiotic. Gundua Faida ya Daktari Ohhira na spectrum kamili ya prebiotics, probiotics na postbiotics.