"you can always tell an old welder..you just cant tell him much!.. "
Welding steel is pretty fundamental to learning to weld.
Steel is basically Iron and Carbon with small amounts of other stuff like manganese. Low Carbon Steel has .3 percent carbon. Not 3 percent but 0.3 percent or point 3 percent. That’s not much. For comparison sake, Cast iron has a full 3 percent and sometimes more. That’s why cast iron is such a pain to weld and also why low carbon steel is the easiest metal to weld… low carbon steel is also the cheapest metal to buy. Low Carbon Steel is what we use to learn to weld and low Carbon steel is what we compare all other metals to when we study metals. Why? Well it’s easier to understand stuff if we can compare it to something we already know and understand. How you gonna weld anything else if you haven't learned welding steel?
Stick welding, also called arc welding, also called SMAW,(shielded metal arc welding)
Mig welding, also called, wire welding, also called GMAW, (gas metal arc welding)
Tig welding, also called heliarc welding, also called GTAW, (gas tungsten arc welding)
Flux Core Welding ( including Dual Shield Flux Core)
I am old school. I just call them Stick, Mig, and TIG and Flux Core or Dual shield
Stick welding uses stick electrodes with flux baked on them. Stick welding is used on the farm, and on construction sites and in the field like on a pipeline. It still rules as the most commonly used type of welding in the world. Its portable, the equipment is simple and cheap, and windy conditions don’t much matter because the flux on the rod turns into slag that protects the weld from air. In the hands of a craftsman, stick welding can produce some high quality welds. Its easy to change from carbon steel to stainless steel…all you do is change rods. I have actually had folks ask me: Does anyone really still use stick welding? Then I explain to them that the arc they see from a distance on a high rise construction job, is most likely stick welding. All you need to know about stick welding rods is 6011 and 7018. They both run on a/c or dc reverse so a 225 amp Lincoln buzz box from home depot is all you really need for a whole lot of hobby welding.
6011 penetrates deeper and can weld downhill. 7018 will look better but they suck for downhill. A 7018 bead done by a good welder looks good and is ductile and strong.
Mig welding is used for fabrication, manufacturing, and for body shops. It is not as portable as stick welding and unless you are using flux cored self shielded wire, windy conditions matter a lot. Several welding codes are not very MIG friendly because short circuit MIG welding in the hands of a hack, can easily cold lap making it hard to tell a good weld simply by visual inspection.
Changing from carbon steel to stainless steel is much more complicated than with stick welding because it usually involves changing shielding gas as well as the spool of wire. The good thing about mig is that it is quick and there is no slag to clean.
It lends itself well for fabrication because of this and because it allows tack welding with one hand so the other hand is free to help position the parts to be tack welded. Mig welding has a few variations like short circuit, (also called short arc) flux core, and mig spray transfer. but the kind of mig you see on American Chopper is definitely mig short circuit.
It is the most versatile mig process for welding anything from the chopper frame to the thin sheet metal gas tank.
For mig welding mild steel, use e70s6 wire and 75/25 argon/c02, if you need to weld outside get some Hobart Fabshield 21b...its one of the best self shielded flux core wires.
Tig welding is used extensively for pipe welding, aerospace, aviation, biomedical implants, fabrication of race cars, choppers, etc. It is much more precise and cleaner than mig welding or stick welding and definitely the coolest. Carbon steel and other metals as thin as razor blades can be welded. Outdoor windy conditions matter a lot and portable wind shields are a must if welding outside. Most tig welding is done in shops and indoors. It is one of the most versatile types of welding there is because virtually any type of metal can be welded with a few exceptions like certain alloys of aluminum that are considered unweldable (ie 7075 aluminum). Sometimes all that is needed is to pick up a different rod. Even when switching from steel to aluminum, all that is needed is a different rod and a few different settings on the tig welding machine. Just change polarity to ac, swap the high frequency to continuous and you are good to go. Make sure not to try to tig weld with rods made for gas welding. They look a lot alike but the difference is tig rods have silicon and the gas rods don’t have squat. Gas welding rods will give you porosity and just plain take the fun out of tig welding
Low carbon steel is not supposed to harden. In theory, there is just not enough carbon in low carbon steel to allow it to harden. Did you catch that? “ In Theory” I said. In theory you should be able to heat low carbon steel to cherry red and quench it in ice water and it should remain soft. That’s what all the long hair, propeller head phase diagrams indicate.
Why is it then that sometimes it gets hard? ( this is not the time to say “that’s what she said!”) I have tried this experiment many times and I have a theory of my own.
doctors, lawyers, butchers, bakers, and candlestick makers all make mistakes.
and so does the person in charge of quality control and carbon content of steel.
That said it is good practice to not speed cool any steel. At least not until it gets below around 500 degrees f. leave welding steel and return to home page
"unaweza daima kusema welder mzee..wewe tu cant kumwambia mengi!.. " Kuunganisha chuma ni jambo la msingi sana katika kujifunza kuunganisha. Chuma kimsingi ni chuma na kaboni na kiasi kidogo cha vitu vingine kama manganese. Chuma cha chini cha kaboni kina asilimia 0.3 ya kaboni. Si asilimia 3 lakini ni asilimia 0.3 au asilimia 3 Hiyo si mengi. Kwa mfano, chuma cha chuma kina asilimia 3 au zaidi. Hiyo ni kwa nini chuma cha chuma ni maumivu kama kwa kulehemu na pia kwa nini chuma cha chini ya kaboni ni chuma rahisi kulehemu... chuma cha chini ya kaboni pia ni chuma nafuu kununua. Chuma cha chini ya kaboni ni kile tunachotumia kujifunza kulehemu na chuma cha chini cha kaboni ni kile tunacholinganisha na metali zingine zote tunapojifunza metali. Kwa nini? Naam ni rahisi kuelewa mambo kama tunaweza kulinganisha na kitu sisi tayari kujua na kuelewa. Jinsi gani unaweza kushona kitu kingine kama hujajifunza kushona chuma? Welding ya chuma (STAW) - Welding ya chuma (STAW) - Welding ya chuma (STAW) - Welding ya chuma (STAW) - Welding ya chuma (STAW) - Welding ya chuma (STAW) - Welding ya chuma (STAW) - Welding ya chuma (STAW) - Welding ya chuma (STAW) - Welding ya chuma (STAW) - Welding ya chuma (STAW) - Welding ya chuma (STAW). "Kama ilivyoelezwa hapo juu, ""Flux Core"" ni aina ya chuma ya msingi ya chuma, ambayo hutumia electrode ya fimbo na flux iliyokaushwa juu yake." Welding ya fimbo hutumiwa katika mashamba, na katika maeneo ya ujenzi na katika uwanja kama kwenye bomba. Bado ni aina ya kulehemu inayotumiwa sana ulimwenguni. Ni portable, vifaa ni rahisi na nafuu, na hali ya upepo haina maana sana kwa sababu mtiririko juu ya fimbo inageuka katika slag ambayo inalinda weld kutoka hewa. Katika mikono ya fundi, kulehemu kwa fimbo kwaweza kutokeza kulehemu za hali ya juu. Ni rahisi kubadilisha kutoka chuma cha kaboni kwa chuma cha pua...unayofanya ni kubadilisha vijiti. "Wakati mwingine watu wananiuliza, ""Je, bado kuna mtu anayetumia kulehemu kwa fimbo?""" Kisha ninawaeleza kwamba upinde wanaouona kutoka mbali kwenye kazi ya ujenzi wa majengo marefu, yaelekea ni upasuaji wa fimbo. Kwa mfano, kwa ajili ya welding rods, kuna aina mbili za 6011 na 7018. Kwa sababu ya kuendesha kwa a2c au dc, unaweza kutumia boti ya buzz ya 225 amp ya Lincoln kutoka kwa duka la nyumbani, ambayo ni nzuri kwa ajili ya kazi ya kulehemu. 6011 inapita ndani zaidi na inaweza kushona chini ya mlima. 7018 inaonekana kuwa nzuri zaidi, lakini haifai kwa kupanda. Kwa mfano, bead ya 7018 ya kuunganisha ya kawaida ya kuunganisha inaonekana kuwa nzuri, na ina nguvu na nguvu. Mig kulehemu ni kutumika kwa ajili ya utengenezaji, utengenezaji, na kwa ajili ya maduka ya mwili. Ni si kama portable kama fimbo kulehemu na isipokuwa wewe ni kutumia flux coreed binafsi shielded waya, hali ya upepo jambo mengi. Mipango kadhaa ya kulehemu sio ya kirafiki sana kwa MIG kwa sababu kulehemu kwa MIG ya mzunguko mfupi mikononi mwa hack inaweza kwa urahisi kupoza na kufanya iwe ngumu kusema kulehemu nzuri kwa ukaguzi wa kuona. Kubadilisha kutoka chuma cha kaboni kwa chuma cha pua ni ngumu zaidi kuliko kulehemu kwa fimbo kwa sababu kwa kawaida inahusisha kubadilisha gesi ya ulinzi na vile vile spool ya waya. Jambo zuri kuhusu mig ni kwamba ni ya haraka na hakuna slag ya kusafisha. Ni vizuri kwa ajili ya utengenezaji kwa sababu hii na kwa sababu inaruhusu tack kulehemu kwa mkono mmoja hivyo mkono mwingine ni huru kusaidia nafasi ya sehemu ya kuwa tack kulehemu. Mig kulehemu ina tofauti chache kama mzunguko mfupi, (pia aitwaye arc fupi) flux msingi, na mig kunyunyizia uhamisho. "Kama vile ilivyo kwa ""American Chopper"" ni short circuit." Ni mchakato wa mig zaidi versatile kwa ajili ya kulehemu chochote kutoka chopper sura kwa thin karatasi chuma tank gesi. Kwa ajili ya welding ya chuma laini, kutumia E70S6 waya na 75 Argon C02 waya, kama unahitaji weld nje kupata Hobart FabShield 21B, moja ya bora ya kujilinda flux core waya. Tig welding ni kutumika sana kwa ajili ya bomba welding, anga, anga, implants biomedical, utengenezaji wa magari ya mbio, helikopta, nk. Ni moja ya njia bora zaidi ya kuunganisha na kuunganisha, na kwa kweli ni bora zaidi. Chuma cha kaboni na metali nyingine nyembamba kama kisu cha kunyoa zaweza kusokezwa. Hali ya upepo nje ni muhimu sana na ngao za upepo zinazobebeka ni lazima ikiwa kulehemu nje. Uunganisho mwingi wa tig hufanywa katika maduka na ndani ya nyumba. Ni moja ya aina ya zaidi versatile ya kulehemu kuna kwa sababu karibu aina yoyote ya chuma inaweza kulehemu na baadhi ya ubaguzi kama baadhi ya alloys ya alumini ambayo ni kuchukuliwa unweldable (kwa mfano, 7075 alumini). Nyakati nyingine ni lazima tu uchukue fimbo tofauti. Hata wakati wa kubadili kutoka chuma kwa alumini, wote kwamba inahitajika ni fimbo tofauti na baadhi ya mipangilio tofauti juu ya mashine ya kulehemu TIG. Tu kubadilisha polarity kwa ac, kubadilisha mzunguko wa juu kwa kuendelea na wewe ni nzuri ya kwenda. Hakikisha si kujaribu tig weld na vijiti alifanya kwa ajili ya welding gesi. Wao kuangalia mengi sawa lakini tofauti ni tig rods na silicon na rods gesi hawana squat. Gas welding rods ni bora kwa ajili ya kuunganisha na kuunganisha, na kwa sababu ya kuunganisha kwa gesi, ni rahisi kwa ajili ya kuunganisha na kuunganisha. Kwa nadharia, hakuna kaboni ya kutosha katika chuma cha kaboni kidogo ili kuruhusu kuimarika. Je, umegundua hilo? <unk> Katika nadharia <unk> Mimi alisema. Kwa nadharia, unapaswa kuwa na uwezo wa kupasha joto chuma cha kaboni cha chini kwa rangi nyekundu ya cherry na kuifuta katika maji ya barafu na inapaswa kubaki laini. Hiyo ni nini nywele zote ndefu, propeller kichwa awamu michoro kuonyesha. Basi kwa nini nyakati nyingine huwa vigumu? (hii si wakati wa kusema <unk>that<unk>s nini alisema!<unk>) Nimejaribu jaribio hili mara nyingi na nina nadharia yangu mwenyewe. madaktari, wanasheria, wauzaji wa nyama, waokaji wa mikate, na watengenezaji wa mishumaa wote hufanya makosa. Na pia mtu anayehusika na udhibiti wa ubora na maudhui ya kaboni ya chuma. Hiyo alisema ni mazoezi mazuri ya si kasi baridi yoyote ya chuma. Kwa hivyo, kwa sababu ya hali ya joto ya chini ya 500 ° F, hakuna haja ya kuunganisha chuma na chuma cha chuma.