Ukrainians in Romania
Material provided by
Mr. Nicholas Petretchi Miroslav – counselor for the Romanian Union of Ukrainians
In Romania, after the 2011 census, we have 52,000 Ukrainians out oMost of the ethnic Ukrainians in Romania represent a compact indigenous population residing in the counties along the Ukrainian border, which in medieval times were part of the Kievan Russian state and the principality of Galicia- Volâni.
The name of Ukraine - which derives from Okraina (a sort of borderlands) - is of recent date because, for centuries, Ukrainians have called themselves and were called Russians, Rusyns, Ruthenians, with names coming from the Russian Kievski state formation. The name of Ukrainia arises during the Cossack state period.
The links between Romanians and Ukrainians are very old, and it is worth mentioning in this context that the oldest known Ukrainian ballad is about Stefan the Great. In addition, the epic entitled "Word about Igor's army", claimed by both Russians and Ukrainians as their own, with both parties viewing it as an important old literature document for their respective nations, was discovered and made public by Moldavian boyars, who had fled to the tsarist empire.
Although the relations between Romania and Ukraine were not always the best (the main bone of contention being the claim over Northern Bukovina and the southern counties of the current Republic of Moldova), political issues were largely resolved by signing a Basic Bilateral Treaty.
Ukrainian presence in Romania dates back to the XIV - XV centuries, when they were based especially in the north (Maramureş and Suceava). According to some historians the presence of the Ukrainian population in these places is even older.
Ukrainians in Maramures and Bukovina - Hutsuls
Ukrainian settlements in northern Moldavia and Maramures, located nearby the Ukrainian ethno-linguistic massif and its extension, are the oldest in the country. Linguistic and archaeological evidence shows that an eastern Slavic population had settled these parts in the late sixth century, living alongside the indigenous Romanian population, and most of the villages still inhabited by Ukrainians nowadays are mentioned in ancient historical documents (Slavonic in Moldova and Latin-Hungarian in Maramureş) from the fourteenth century and the fifteenth century. For example, in 1998 the village of Ruscova from Maramures celebrated 625 years since it was first mentioned in a document. Linguistic, cultural and spiritual identity for the Ukrainians in northern Maramures and Moldova was established and maintained by a continuous ethnic admixture from Trans-Carpathia, Galicia, Pocutia and northern Bucovina.
The Hutsuls (Huţani as the Romanians call them) are those living in the mountainous area of Bucovina and the upper river valleys of the Suceava, Moldova, Moldovita and Bistrita Aurie rivers. They arrived here in the eighteenth century and found favorable conditions to practice their traditional occupations: shepherding, husbandry, forestry work, rafting; they also founded a large number of the villages and hamlets in which they still live to this day. They are called "Russians" in the old Bucovina charters. Hutsul speech is akin to the Ukrainian Carpathian and Bucovina dialects which in turn are part of the Ukrainian common language.
Famous for horse breeding (they even popularized their own horse stock), the Hutsuls are also masters at making and decorating wood, leather and horn objects, at weaving and embroidery. Easter egg decoration (especially in the villages of Ulma, Brodina, Breaza, Moldovita) has brought them international fame.
Ukrainians in Dobrogea
Ukrainian settlement in Dobrogea (the Danube Delta and the surrounding areas) is related to some of the most tragic moments in the history of Ukraine: the destruction, in 1775, of the centuries old cradle of the aspirations for freedom and independence of the Ukrainian people, Sicei Zaporojene, by Catherine II, Tsarina of Russia. To stave off retaliation, about 8,000 Zaporozhian Cossacks establish themselves in the Danube Delta, with explicit prior approval of the Ottoman Empire government. Here, at Dunavăţul de Sus, in 1813, they organize the military camp "Zadunaiska Sici", which operates for 15 years until it is abolished by the Turks. Until the second half of the nineteenth century groups of peasants from the southern regions of Ukraine flock to this realm of salvation, populated mainly by Cossacks in the beginning, to escape serfdom and military recruitment in the Czar’s army. They settle, build churches and work mainly in agriculture, fishing, hunting and husbandry. To differentiate them from their Lipovani Russian neighbors, the locals call them haholi.
Ukrainians in Banat
The Ukrainian community in Banat, located in several villages in the Lugoj, Caransebes and Arad areas, was formed mainly between 1908-1918 by colonization of areas in the south of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, which were put up for sale by their German and Hungarian owners. The Ukrainian settlers who bought plots of land came from the poor highlands of Transcarpathia, from the right hand side shores of the Tisa, and others, in smaller numbers, from the Hutsul area of Bukovina. Their exodus continued after 1918. After 1970 many Ukrainians from villages in Maramures and Bukovina bought households from the German emigrants, populating many townships which became predominantely Ukrainian (Pogăneşti, Dragomireşti, Stiuca, Remetea Mica, Barsana etc). In the last 15-20 years there has been a mass movement of Maramures Ukrainians towards Banat because they came from villages where the relief was covered with just forests and meadows and in this area they could work in agriculture.
Currently, the Ukrainian community has a compact population in Northern Romania (Maramures and Satu Mare) on the border of Transcarpathia – more than 36,000 people; in Southern Bucovina in the North-East of Romania (Suceava and Botosani) on the border of Cernauti region - about 10 thousand people; in Dobrogea in the Southeast area of Romania (Tulcea and Galati) - about 1.5 thousand people. Otherwise, ethnic Ukrainians are dispersed throughout the Romanian territory.
UKRAINIAN ETHNIC CULTURE IN ROMANIA
Taras Shevchenko (in Ukrainian Тарас Григорович Шевченко) (born March 9, 1814 - died March 10, 1861) was a Ukrainian romantic poet and painter, considered the national poet of Ukraine. His literary work is regarded as the foundation for the modern Ukrainian language and literature. He also wrote in Russian and created valuable works as a painter and illustrator.
Bust of Taras Shevchenko in:
1. Bucharest - Herastrau Park;
Bust of Olga Kobyleanska in Gura Humorului.
Also in Maramureş County in Sighetu Marmatiei is the "Taras Shevchenko" Ukrainian High School, the only High School in Romania teaching in Ukrainian.
Ukrainian ethnic traditions are displayed in museums as follows:
1. In Maramureş County:
• Ukrainian house at Poienile de sub Munte;
• Ukrainian house at the Village Museum in Sighetu Marmatiei;
• Clempus Memorial House from Viseu Valley;
• Museum of Ukrainian traditions from Rona de Sus;
2. In Suceava County:
• Paltinu Museum;
• Ukrainian Folk Customs Museum from Gura Humorului (with a room dedicated to the writer Olga Kobelianska)
• Memorial House from Călineşti Coparencu;
• Folk Customs Museum from the Izvoarele Sucevei school;
• Folk Customs Museum from the Ulma-Nisipitu school;
• Folk Customs Museum from the Siret School;
• Folk Customs Museum from the White House Pension School (near Humor): a room dedicated to Ukrainian traditions.
3. In Botosani County:
• Rogojeşti Ukrainian House.
4. In Satu-Mare:
• Satu Mare County Museum: a room dedicated to Ukrainian traditions.
EDUCATION AND MEDIA IN THE UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE
The information needs of ethnic Ukrainians in Romania are satisfied by a weekly show on radio Iaşi (15 minutes weekly), radio Sighetu Marmatiei (50 minutes weekly) and radio Timisoara (1 hour weekly). TV broadcasts in Ukrainian are absent. TVR-2 has a show called “Together toward Europe “in which the life of the Ukrainian community from Romania is regularly presented. The Romanian Union of Ukrainians issues 4 small circulation newspapers: "Vilne Slovo", "Ucrainskii visnik", "Nas holos" and the children’s magazine "Dzvinociok" (in Ukrainian) and the "Ukrainian Courier" (in Romanian), which appear once a month and are spread throughout the ethnic Ukrainian community with the aid of RUU county chapters.
In Romania there is only one school teaching in the Ukrainian language - T.Şevcenko.Ukrainian High School of Sighetu Marmatiei.
In some Romanian schools from areas with a compact Ukrainian population, Ukrainian language and literature is part of the curriculum. Ukrainians from Romania can get a Philology degree in Ukrainian at the Universities of Bucharest, Cluj and Suceava which have Ukrainian sections within their Philology Departments.
Education in the Ukrainian language in Romania has a fairly long history. Following the 1948 reform of public education, in areas where Ukrainians made up the majority of the population, primary and secondary schooling in the community’s mother tongue became mandatory. Secondary schools were opened in Siret, Sighet, Tulcea and in 1954 in Suceava. Two Pedagogical Schools with a 4 year course were founded in Siret and Sighet and the Ukrainian language and literature department at the Philology College in Bucharest came into being. In 1956 about 8825 students were being taught in Ukrainian. After a mere decade and a half, Ukrainian schools were turned into Romanian teaching schools, with only a few of them having Ukrainian as an optional subject.
After 1990, education in the Ukrainian language saw a revival, starting with teacher training for kindergartens and pedagogical schools in three Romanian cities: Sighetu Marmaţiei, Suceava and Tulcea. In some schools in Maramures classes and groups with maternal language curriculum became available, and in 1997 the "Taras Shevchenko" bilingual High School was reestablished in Sighetu Marmatiei. Also, within the "Mihai Eminescu" Pedagogical High School from Suceava, special classes were set up to prepare future teachers for the schools in the rural Ukrainian areas. Currently there are 63 primary schools attended by 7360 children where the Ukrainian language is studied as a mother tongue.
Besides the Ukrainian language departments at the universities of Bucharest and Iasi, two such departments have been recently established at the universities of Suceava and Cluj-Napoca. A large number of graduates from these departments are sent to Ukraine for study by the Romanian Union of Ukrainians.
The Ukrainian minority is represented by the Romanian Union of Ukrainians (RUU), which is also the only Romanian organization recognized by the Ukrainian World Congress, the Ukrainian World Forum, the Ukrainian European Congress and the "Ukraine in the world” Association. The RUU issues 5 monthly publications: 3 newspapers (UKRAINSKIY VISNEK, VILNA SLOVO, THE UKRAINIAN COURIER) and 2 magazines (NAS HOLOS, Dzvonek (BELLFLOWER-for children)), and publishes annually over 30 books by Ukrainian poets and prose writers both in the Ukrainian and Romanian languages.
THE RELIGIOUS NEEDS OF THE UKRAINIANS IN ROMANIA are represented by the Ukrainian Orthodox Vicariate, part of the Romanian Orthodox Church, with headquarters in Sighetu Marmatiei (the Vicariate was established in 1996 and it includes 25 parishes and 52,000 parishioners), and the General Ukrainian Vicariate of the Greek Catholic Church with headquarters in Suceava (the Vicariate was reestablished in 1996 and it has about 6000 parishioners).
"Miongoni mwa watu wa asili wa Ukraine ni Nicholas Petrecchi, mwanzilishi wa ""Umoja wa Ukrainians wa Romania"" na ""Umoja wa Ukrainians wa Romania"" na ""Umoja wa Ukrainians wa Romania"" na ""Umoja wa Ukrainians wa Romania"" na ""Umoja wa Ukrainians wa Romania"" na ""Umoja wa Ukraine wa Ukraine.""" "Jina la Ukraine - ambalo linatokana na ""okraina"" (aina ya mipaka) - ni la hivi karibuni kwa sababu, kwa karne nyingi, Waukrainia wamejiita na waliitwa Warusi, Rusyns, Ruthenians, na majina yanatokana na muundo wa serikali ya Kirusi ya Kiev." Jina la Ukrainia linatokea wakati wa kipindi cha serikali ya Cossack. "Kama ilivyo kwa watu wa Ukraine na Romania, ""mwisho wa maisha"" ni maarufu sana, na kwa sababu ya kuvutia sana, kwa sababu ya kuvutia sana, kwa sababu ya kuvutia sana, kwa sababu ya kuvutia sana, kwa sababu ya kuvutia sana." "Kulingana na maandishi ya ""Wimbo kuhusu Jeshi la Igor"" ya Urusi na Ukrainia, ""Wimbo wa Igor"" uligunduliwa na kutangazwa na wafalme wa Moldavia waliokimbilia katika utawala wa Tsar." Ingawa uhusiano kati ya Romania na Ukraine haukuwa bora wakati wote (mchungu kuu wa ugomvi ulikuwa madai juu ya Bukovina ya Kaskazini na kaunti za kusini za Jamhuri ya sasa ya Moldova), masuala ya kisiasa yalitatuliwa kwa kiasi kikubwa kwa kusaini Mkataba wa Kiungo cha Pili. Uwepo wa Kiukreni nchini Romania ulianza karne ya 14 na 15, wakati walipoishi hasa kaskazini (Maramureş na Suceava). Kulingana na wanahistoria fulani uwepo wa idadi ya watu wa Ukrainia katika maeneo haya ni hata zamani. Makazi ya Kiukreni ya Hutsuls katika Moldova ya Kaskazini na Maramureș, karibu na Ukrainian ethno-linguistic massif na upanuzi wake, ni ya zamani zaidi nchini. "Uchunguzi wa lugha na akiolojia unaonyesha kwamba watu wa Slavic ya mashariki walikuwa wamekaa sehemu hizi mwishoni mwa karne ya sita, wakiishi pamoja na wakazi wa asili wa Kiromania, na vijiji vingi ambavyo bado vinaishi na Waukrainia leo vinatajwa katika nyaraka za kale za kihistoria (Slavonic huko Moldova na Kilatini-Hungarian huko Maramureș) kutoka karne ya kumi na nne na kumi na tano.""" Mwaka 1998 kijiji cha Ruskovo kilichoko Maramureș kilisherehekea miaka 625 tangu kilipotajwa kwa mara ya kwanza katika hati. Lugha, utamaduni na kiroho utambulisho kwa ajili ya Ukrainians katika kaskazini Maramureș na Moldova ilianzishwa na kudumishwa na kuendelea kikabila mchanganyiko kutoka Transcarpathia, Galicia, Pocutia na kaskazini Bucovina. Hutsuli (Hutuni) ni watu wa eneo la milima la Bukovina na mabonde ya juu ya mito ya Suceava, Moldova, Moldovita na Bistrita. Waliwasili hapa katika karne ya kumi na nane na kupata hali nzuri ya kufanya kazi zao za jadi: kuchunga kondoo, ufugaji, kazi ya misitu, rafting; pia walianzisha idadi kubwa ya vijiji na vijiji ambavyo bado wanaishi hadi leo. Wao huitwa "Waruusi" katika hati za zamani za Bucovina. Hotuli ni lugha ya Kiukreni ya Carpathian na Bucovina ambayo ni sehemu ya lugha ya Kiukreni. Hutsuli wanajulikana kwa uzalishaji wa farasi (wamefanya hata farasi wao wenyewe kuwa maarufu), na pia ni wasanii wa kutengeneza na kupamba vitu vya mbao, ngozi na pembe, kutengeneza nguo na kutengeneza mapambo. Mapambo ya mayai ya Pasaka (hasa katika vijiji vya Ulma, Brodina, Breaza, Moldovita) yamewaletea umaarufu wa kimataifa. Mji wa Dobrogea, karibu na mto Danube, ulijengwa na Catherine II, Malkia wa Urusi, na kukataliwa na Ukrainians. Ili kuepuka kulipiza kisasi, karibu Zaporozhian Cossacks 8,000 wanajiweka katika Delta ya Danube, kwa idhini ya awali ya serikali ya Milki ya Ottoman. "Mwaka 1813 huko Dunavodu de Sus, walijenga kambi ya kijeshi ya ""Zadunaiska Sici,"" ambayo ilifanya kazi kwa miaka 15 hadi ilipofutwa na Waturuki." Kufikia nusu ya pili ya karne ya kumi na tisa makundi ya wakulima kutoka mikoa ya kusini ya Ukraine kukusanyika katika ulimwengu huu wa wokovu, wakazi hasa na Cossacks katika mwanzo, kutoroka serfdom na kuajiri kijeshi katika jeshi Czar. Wao huishi, kujenga makanisa na kufanya kazi hasa katika kilimo, uvuvi, uwindaji na ufugaji. Ili kuwatofautisha na majirani wao Warusi wa Lipovani, wenyeji huwaita haholi. Jumuiya ya Kiukreni ya Banat, iliyoko katika vijiji kadhaa katika maeneo ya Lugovoi, Karlsruhe na Arad, iliundwa hasa kati ya 1908 na 1918 na ukoloni wa maeneo kusini mwa Milki ya Austria-Hungary, ambayo yaliwekwa kwa ajili ya kuuza na wamiliki wao wa Ujerumani na Hungaria. Wakaaji wa Ukraine walionunua mashamba walitoka maeneo ya juu ya Transcarpathia, kwenye ukingo wa kulia wa Tisa, na wengine, kwa idadi ndogo, kutoka eneo la Hutsul la Bukovina. Uhamiaji wao uliendelea baada ya 1918. Baada ya 1970, wengi Ukrainians kutoka vijiji katika Maramureș na Bukovina kununuliwa nyumba kutoka wahamiaji wa Ujerumani, watu wengi townships ambayo akawa hasa Kiukreni (Poganești, Dragomiresti, Stivka, Remeteia, Mica, Barsana, nk). Katika miaka ya hivi karibuni, idadi kubwa ya watu wa Maramurezi wamehamia Banat, kwa sababu walihama kutoka vijiji vilivyofunikwa na misitu na nyasi na katika eneo hili wangeweza kufanya kazi katika kilimo. Kwa sasa, jamii ya Kiukreni ina idadi ndogo ya watu katika Kaskazini mwa Romania (Maramures na Satu Mare) kwenye mpaka wa Transcarpathia - zaidi ya watu 36,000; katika Kusini mwa Bucovina, Kaskazini-Mashariki mwa Romania (Suceava na Botosani) kwenye mpaka wa mkoa wa Cernauti - watu elfu 10; katika Dobrogea katika eneo la Kusini-Mashariki mwa Romania (Tulcea na Galati) - watu elfu 1.5. Vinginevyo, Ukrainians kikabila ni kutawanyika katika eneo lote la Romania. Taras Shevchenko (Mashariki ya Kati, 9 Machi 1814 - 10 Machi 1861) alikuwa mshairi wa Kirumi na mchoraji, anayehesabiwa kuwa mshairi wa kitaifa wa Ukraine. Kazi yake ya fasihi inachukuliwa kama msingi wa lugha ya kisasa ya Kiukreni na fasihi. Pia aliandika katika Kirusi na kuunda kazi zenye thamani kama mchoraji na mchoraji picha. Bust ya Taras Shevchenko katika: 1. Bucharest - Herastrau Park; Bust ya Olga Kobyleanska katika Gura Humorului. Pia katika Maramureş County katika Sighetu Marmatiei ni "Taras Shevchenko" Kiukreni High School, tu High School katika Romania kufundisha katika Kiukreni. Utamaduni wa kikabila wa Kiukreni unaonyeshwa katika majumba ya makumbusho kama ifuatavyo: 1. Nyumba ya ukraini katika Poitiers-sur-Mer, nyumba ya ukraini katika Jumba la Makumbusho la Kijiji cha Sighetu, nyumba ya ukraini katika Rona de Sus, nyumba ya ukraini katika Rona de Sus. Jumba la kumbukumbu la utamaduni wa watu wa Ukraine kutoka Gura Humoru (na chumba kilichowekwa kwa mwandishi Olga Kobelianka) na Jumba la Ukumbusho kutoka Copernicus (Jumba la Ukumbusho la Utamaduni wa Watu wa Ukraine kutoka Shule ya Izvorelye Sucevei) na Jumba la Makumbusho la Utamaduni wa Watu wa Ukraine kutoka Shule ya Siret (karibu na Shule ya Utamaduni ya White House). 3. Uwe na mtazamo wa kweli Katika Botosani County: • Rogojeşti Ukrainian House. 4. Uwe na uhakika Katika Satu-Mare: • Satu Mare County Makumbusho: chumba wakfu kwa desturi ya Kiukreni. "Kama ilivyoelezwa katika makala ya ""Ukraini wa Kiukreni"" ya mwaka wa 2015, idadi ya watu wa ukraini wa asili ya ukraini wanaishi katika nchi za Ulaya ni zaidi ya milioni moja, na idadi ya watu wa ukraini wa asili ya ukraini ni zaidi ya milioni moja." Matangazo ya televisheni katika Kiukreni hayapo. TVR-2 ina show aitwaye <unk> Pamoja kuelekea Ulaya <unk> ambayo maisha ya jamii ya Kiukreni kutoka Romania ni mara kwa mara iliyotolewa. "Kampuni ya ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius"" na ""Vilnius""." Katika Romania kuna shule moja tu kufundisha katika lugha ya Kiukreni - T. Şevcenko.Ukrainian High School ya Sighetu Marmatiei. Katika baadhi ya shule za Kiromania kutoka maeneo na idadi ndogo ya watu wa Ukraine, lugha ya Kiukreni na fasihi ni sehemu ya mtaala. Wanafunzi wa lugha ya Kiukreni kutoka Romania wanaweza kupata shahada ya lugha ya Kiukreni katika Vyuo Vikuu vya Bucharest, Cluj na Suceava, ambavyo vina sehemu za Kiukreni ndani ya Idara zao za lugha ya Kiukreni. Elimu katika lugha ya Kiukreni katika Romania ina historia ndefu kabisa. Baada ya marekebisho ya elimu ya umma ya 1948, katika maeneo ambapo Waukrainia waliunda idadi kubwa ya watu, shule ya msingi na sekondari katika lugha ya mama ya jamii ikawa ya lazima. Shule za sekondari zilifunguliwa katika Siret, Sighet, Tulcea na katika 1954 katika Suceava. Shule mbili za ualimu na kozi ya miaka minne zilianzishwa huko Siret na Sighet na idara ya lugha na fasihi ya Kiukreni katika Chuo cha Filolojia huko Bucharest ilianzishwa. Mwaka wa 1956 wanafunzi 8,825 walifundishwa lugha ya Kiukreni. Baada ya miaka kumi na nusu tu, shule za Kiukreni ziligeuzwa kuwa shule za kufundisha Kiromania, na ni chache tu kati yao zilizo na Kiukreni kama somo la hiari. Baada ya 1990, elimu katika lugha ya Kiukreni aliona uamsho, kuanzia na mafunzo ya walimu kwa ajili ya kindergartens na shule za ualimu katika miji mitatu ya Kiromania: Sighetu, Marmația, Suceava na Tulcea. Shule za lugha ya asili na shule za lugha ya asili zilikuwa na idadi kubwa ya wanafunzi, na shule ya sekondari ya lugha mbili ya Taras Shevchenko ilianzishwa tena mnamo 1997. Pia, ndani ya "Mihai Eminescu" Pedagogical High School kutoka Suceava, madarasa maalum zilianzishwa kuandaa walimu wa baadaye kwa ajili ya shule katika maeneo ya vijijini ya Ukraine. Kwa sasa kuna shule 63 za msingi zinazohudhuriwa na watoto 7,360, ambapo lugha ya Kiukreni hufundishwa kama lugha ya mama. Mbali na idara za lugha ya Kiukreni katika vyuo vikuu vya Bucharest na Iasi, idara mbili kama hizo zimeanzishwa hivi karibuni katika vyuo vikuu vya Suceava na Cluj-Napoca. Idadi kubwa ya wahitimu kutoka idara hizi ni kutumwa kwa Ukraine kwa ajili ya utafiti na Romania Union ya Ukrainians. "Kama ""Mkutano wa Ukrainians wa Ulaya,"" Umoja wa Ukrainians wa Romania ni shirika la kimataifa la kimataifa la kimataifa la kimataifa la kimataifa, ambalo linatambulika kama ""Mkutano wa Ulaya wa Ukraine,"" ""Mkutano wa Ulaya wa Ukraine"" na ""Mkutano wa Ulaya wa Ukraine.""" RUU hutoa machapisho ya kila mwezi: magazeti matatu (Ukrayensky Vneshnek, Vilna Sloboz, Ukrayensky Kurir) na magazeti mawili (Nas Holoz, Dzvonets, Bellflower) na kuchapisha kila mwaka zaidi ya vitabu 30 vya washairi na waandishi wa maandishi ya Kiukreni katika lugha ya Kiukreni na Kiromania. Vikariati ya Ukreni ya Kanisa Othodoksi, ambayo ni sehemu ya Kanisa Othodoksi la Kiromania, na makao makuu yake katika Sighetu Marmatiei (vikariati ilianzishwa mwaka 1996 na inajumuisha parokia 25 na waumini 52,000), na Vikariati ya jumla ya Ukrani ya Kanisa Katoliki la Kigiriki, na makao makuu yake katika Suceava (vikariati ilianzishwa tena mwaka 1996 na ina waumini 6,000).