Patents are grants issued by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) which confer upon the holder, the patentee, patent rights to such intellectual property as inventions, technologies, and processes. Patent rights include the right to exclude others from “making, using, offering for sale, or selling the invention throughout the United States or importing the invention into the United States.” Once the USTPO has granted a patent, the inventor may market the product. Patentees who do not have the funds or time to market the product may profit by conveying the legal rights conferred by the patent to other individuals through written instruments. Several different types of licensing agreements exist, and each type divides the rights conveyed differently between the owner and licensee. Remedies typically sought in patent infringement are damages for loss of sales or royalties and injunctions to prevent further infringement. The process of patent-holding attorneys representing clients pursuant to their employment by law firms is rife with potential conflicts of interest. Because of the potential negative effects of the practice, law firms have a sound basis for their decision to terminate patent-holding attorneys when conflicts of interest arise. Because patents represent individual benefits to society through their ability to promote innovation, it is important to avoid precedent which prevents patent attorneys from obtaining their own patents. By developing procedures such as mandatory assignment of patents obtained by attorneys during the course of their employment, firms should be able to protect their reputations. Additionally, patent-holding attorneys can receive consideration from their employers for pursuing endeavors they are especially well-suited to do—obtaining patents to protect the innovations they create.
St. Mary's University School of Law
Ashley R. Presson,
Patent-Holding Patent Attorneys: Conflicts of Interests, Confidentiality, and Employment Issues Comment.,
St. Mary's L.J.
Available at: https://commons.stmarytx.edu/thestmaryslawjournal/vol40/iss4/4
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Patent ni hati miliki iliyotolewa na Ofisi ya Patent na Alama za Biashara ya Marekani (USPTO) ambayo inatoa juu ya mmiliki, patent, haki za patent kwa mali ya akili kama vile uvumbuzi, teknolojia, na michakato. Haki za patent ni pamoja na haki ya kuwatenga wengine kutoka kwa kutengeneza, kutumia, kutoa kwa ajili ya kuuza, au kuuza uvumbuzi katika Marekani au kuagiza uvumbuzi katika Marekani. Wamiliki wa hati miliki ambao hawana fedha au wakati wa kuuza bidhaa wanaweza kupata faida kwa kuhamisha haki za kisheria zinazotolewa na hati miliki kwa watu wengine kupitia vyombo vya maandishi. Kuna aina kadhaa tofauti za makubaliano ya leseni, na kila aina hugawanya haki zinazotolewa tofauti kati ya mmiliki na leseni. Matibabu ya kawaida yanayotafutwa katika ukiukaji wa hati miliki ni uharibifu wa hasara ya hasara ya mauzo au royalties na amri za kuzuia ukiukaji zaidi. Mchakato wa wanasheria wenye hati miliki wanaowakilisha wateja kulingana na ajira yao na makampuni ya sheria ni ya kawaida na migogoro ya uwezekano wa maslahi. Kwa sababu ya athari mbaya za uwezekano wa mazoezi, kampuni za sheria zina msingi mzuri kwa uamuzi wao wa kukomesha wanasheria wenye hati miliki wakati mgogoro wa maslahi unapoibuka. Kwa sababu hati miliki zinawakilisha faida za mtu binafsi kwa jamii kupitia uwezo wao wa kukuza uvumbuzi, ni muhimu kuepuka mfano ambao huzuia mawakili wa hati miliki kupata hati miliki zao wenyewe. Kwa kuendeleza taratibu kama vile uhamisho wa lazima wa hati miliki zilizopatikana na wanasheria wakati wa kazi yao, kampuni zinapaswa kuwa na uwezo wa kulinda sifa zao. Kwa kuongezea, wanasheria wenye hati miliki wanaweza kupokea kuzingatia kutoka kwa waajiri wao kwa kufuata juhudi ambazo wanafaa sana kufanya - kupata hati miliki kulinda uvumbuzi wanaouunda. St. Mary's University School of Law Ashley R. Presson, Patent-Holding Patent Attorneys: Migogoro ya Maslahi, Usiri, na Masuala ya Ajira Maelezo., St. Mary's L.J. "Kama ilivyoelezwa katika makala ya ""Masharti ya Uhamiaji na Sheria ya Umma,"" ""Masharti ya Uhamiaji na Sheria ya Umma,"" ""Masharti ya Uhamiaji na Sheria ya Umma,"" ""Masharti ya Uhamiaji na Sheria ya Umma,"" ""Masharti ya Uhamiaji na Sheria ya Umma,"" ""Masharti ya Uhamiaji na Sheria ya Umma,"" ""Masharti ya Uhamiaji na Sheria ya Umma."""