At the Bonn Climate Change Conference (SB 56) in June, the NAP Global Network Secretariat launched a new synthesis report that highlights how developing countries continue to make progress in applying gender-responsive approaches to their national adaptation planning and actions to build resilience to climate change impacts, while also creating more equitable communities and societies.
The 5-year Gender Action Plan (GAP) under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) reached its halfway mark during the Bonn conference—making this an opportune time to reflect on developing countries’ progress in integrating gender considerations into their National Adaptation Plan (NAP) processes.
Through an analysis of countries’ NAPs and case studies illustrating practical examples, this report demonstrates the potential of the NAP process as a mechanism for ensuring that people of all genders and social groups have the same opportunities to benefit from their country’s adaptation actions. A gender-responsive NAP process is a useful tool to address gender-related injustices that can manifest in adaptation planning and implementation.
Progress was observed in NAP processes in several areas, including:
Framing of gender issues: More countries are referring to gender equality and gender-responsive approaches in their NAP documents.
- Positioning of women: Though there are still a larger number of NAPs that position women as a particularly vulnerable group, we are seeing more and more where the potential of women as agents of change in adaptation is recognized.
- Capacity building on gender and adaptation in the NAP process: The need for targeted capacity development on gender and adaptation is receiving more attention in recently submitted NAP documents, with a focus on both government actors and, in some cases, nongovernmental stakeholders.
Promising Examples From Countries Around the World
This synthesis report highlights examples of countries taking action to integrate gender into their NAP processes, including an analysis undertaken by the Government of Chad to better understand the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours of national-level actors around the intersection of gender and climate change. The analysis observed important barriers to the inclusion of women in the NAP process and included a recommendation on how taking an intersectional approach using human rights and equity could bring more decision-makers and adaptation actors onboard with ensuring climate action in Chad is gender equitable.
This example, among others, showcases a country-level approach to ensuring that gender considerations are integrated into NAP processes.
Other Country Examples
- Côte d’Ivoire establishes a collaboration between the Ministry of the Environment and the Ministry of Women.
- Women in Kenya and Ghana are trained in photography and visual storytelling to share their experiences and visions for resilience with NAP actors and other country officials.
- The Government of the Central African Republic carried out a targeted gender analysis to inform its NAP processes (report in French).
- The Republic of the Marshall Islands performed a study to discover the best way to advance its gender equality and human rights objectives through its efforts on climate change adaptation.
This report is the third in a series of synthesis reports developed by the NAP Global Network that assess progress on gender-responsive approaches in NAP processes at the global level. While there is still a long way to go, there are many things to be celebrated in this review of progress.
Past Gender-Responsive NAP Synthesis Reports:
- Advancing Gender-Responsive Climate Action Through National Adaptation Plan (NAP) Processes: NAP Global Network Synthesis Report, 2019–2020
- Towards Gender-Responsive NAP Processes: Progress and Recommendations for the Way Forward | Synthesis Report, 2017-18
- Video | Why Gender Matters for Effective Adaptation to Climate Change
- Toolkit for a Gender-Responsive Process to Formulate and Implement National Adaptation Plans (NAPs)
Katika Mkutano wa Bonn wa Mabadiliko ya Hali ya Hewa (SB-56), Katibu Mkuu wa Mtandao wa Ulimwenguni wa NAP alitoa ripoti mpya ya mchanganyiko ambayo inaangazia jinsi nchi zinazoendelea zinaendelea kufanya maendeleo katika kutumia mbinu za kijinsia katika mipango yao ya kitaifa ya mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa na hatua za kujenga uvumilivu kwa athari za mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa, wakati pia kuunda jamii na jamii za haki. Mpango wa vitendo wa miaka mitano wa jinsia chini ya Mkataba wa Mfumo wa Umoja wa Mataifa juu ya Mabadiliko ya Hali ya Hewa (UNFCCC) ulifikia nusu ya njia yake wakati wa mkutano wa Bonn - na kufanya hii kuwa wakati mzuri wa kutafakari juu ya maendeleo ya nchi zinazoendelea katika kuingiza masuala ya jinsia katika michakato yao ya Mpango wa Kitaifa wa Mabadiliko. Kwa njia ya uchambuzi wa NAPs za nchi na masomo ya kesi inayoonyesha mifano ya vitendo, ripoti hii inaonyesha uwezo wa mchakato wa NAP kama utaratibu wa kuhakikisha kwamba watu wa jinsia zote na vikundi vya kijamii wana fursa sawa za kufaidika na hatua za marekebisho ya nchi yao. Mchakato wa NAP unaojibu kwa jinsia ni chombo muhimu cha kushughulikia ukosefu wa haki unaohusiana na jinsia ambao unaweza kuonekana katika mipango ya mabadiliko na utekelezaji. Maendeleo yalionekana katika mchakato wa NAP katika maeneo kadhaa, ikiwa ni pamoja na: Kuunda masuala ya jinsia: Nchi zaidi zinarejelea usawa wa jinsia na mbinu za kuzingatia jinsia katika nyaraka zao za NAP. -Uwekaji wa wanawake: Ingawa bado kuna idadi kubwa ya NAPs ambayo huweka wanawake kama kundi la hatari hasa, tunaona zaidi na zaidi ambapo uwezo wa wanawake kama waendeshaji wa mabadiliko katika marekebisho unatambuliwa. - Ujenzi wa uwezo juu ya jinsia na marekebisho katika mchakato wa NAP: Uhitaji wa maendeleo ya uwezo wa lengo juu ya jinsia na marekebisho unapata tahadhari zaidi katika nyaraka za NAP zilizowasilishwa hivi karibuni, na kuzingatia watendaji wa serikali na, katika kesi zingine, wadau wasio wa serikali. Ripoti hii ya muhtasari inaonyesha mifano ya nchi zinazochukua hatua za kuingiza jinsia katika michakato yao ya NAP, ikiwa ni pamoja na uchambuzi uliofanywa na Serikali ya Chad kuelewa vizuri maarifa, mitazamo na tabia za watendaji wa ngazi ya kitaifa karibu na makutano ya jinsia na mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa. Uchambuzi huo uligundua vizuizi muhimu kwa kuingizwa kwa wanawake katika mchakato wa NAP na ulijumuisha pendekezo juu ya jinsi ya kuchukua mbinu ya msalaba kwa kutumia haki za binadamu na usawa inaweza kuleta watendaji zaidi wa maamuzi na wawakilishi wa mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa kwenye bodi na kuhakikisha hatua ya hali ya hewa nchini Chad ni usawa wa kijinsia. Mfano huu, miongoni mwa wengine, unaonyesha mbinu ya ngazi ya nchi ya kuhakikisha kwamba kuzingatia jinsia ni jumuishi katika michakato ya NAP. Mifano mingine ya nchi - Côte d'Ivoire huanzisha ushirikiano kati ya Wizara ya Mazingira na Wizara ya Wanawake. Wanawake nchini Kenya na Ghana wamefundishwa kupiga picha na kusimulia hadithi za kuona ili kushiriki uzoefu wao na maono kwa ajili ya upinzani na watendaji wa NAP na maafisa wengine wa nchi. - Serikali ya Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati ilifanya uchambuzi wa jinsia kwa lengo ili kuelimisha michakato yake ya NAP (ripoti kwa Kifaransa). Jamhuri ya Visiwa vya Marshall ilifanya utafiti ili kugundua njia bora ya kuendeleza usawa wa kijinsia na malengo ya haki za binadamu kupitia juhudi zake za kukabiliana na mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa. Hii ni ripoti ya tatu katika mfululizo wa ripoti za mchanganyiko zilizotengenezwa na Mtandao wa Ulimwenguni wa NAPs, ambazo zinatathmini maendeleo ya mbinu za kuzingatia jinsia katika michakato ya NAPs katika ngazi ya kimataifa. Ingawa bado kuna njia ndefu ya kwenda, kuna mambo mengi ya kusherehekea katika ukaguzi huu wa maendeleo. NAPs ya zamani: - Kuendeleza hatua za hali ya hewa za kijinsia kupitia Mipango ya Kitaifa ya Kubadilisha (NAP) - Ripoti ya Mkusanyiko wa Mtandao wa Ulimwenguni wa NAPs, 2019-2020 - kuelekea Mipango ya Jinsia ya NAPs: Maendeleo na Mapendekezo ya Njia ya Mbele - Ripoti ya Mkusanyiko, 2017 - Video - Kwa nini Jinsia ni Muhimu kwa Kubadilisha Hali ya Hewa - Kifaa cha Mchakato wa Kubadilisha Jinsia kwa Kuunda na Kutekeleza Mipango ya Kitaifa ya Kubadilisha.