It is well known that stem cells found in a newborn baby’s cord blood are rich in (hematopoietic) stem cells, which has been used to treat and cure over 80 different blood and immune disorders and cancers. But what about the stem cells from umbilical cord tissue?
Both cord blood and cord tissue are rich in what is generally known as Perinatal Stem Cells. Based on their origin, perinatal stem cells can be divided into three groups: stem cells from amniotic fluid, placenta and umbilical cord.
Umbilical Cord Tissue is rich in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). These stem cells are found within the Wharton’s Jelly that fills the umbilical cord. MSCs are multipotent cells that can differentiate into almost any type of cell, tissue, or organ, such as bone, cartilage, muscle, nerve, and fat cells. These are valuable for their potential in orthopedic and cardiac therapies, as well as other therapies where the MSCs act to suppress inflammation and auto-immune reactions. MSCs can be retrieved from cord blood, “but with much lower efficiency than using other perinatal tissues (such as Cord Tissue) as a source of MSCs.”
Over the past decade, scientists have begun studying the use of MSCs in advanced stem cell therapies. A database of all clinical trials worldwide was compiled from 2005-2015 that used advanced stem cell therapies. Over that time, a total of 269 clinical trials were conducted, which shows that there are more advanced stem cell therapy clinical trials using Perinatal stem cells than there are using Cord Blood stem cells1.
While cord blood is still an extremely valuable source of life-saving stem cells, scientists encourage public education programs to do more than simply promote cord blood banking, but to emphasize the importance and value of banking “newborn stem cells” found in Cord Tissue.
This research was originally published by Verter, Couto & Bersenev, in the Jan 2017 newsletter of the Parent’s Guide to Cord Blood Foundation in an article called Growing Use of Newborn Stem Cells in Clinical Trials
Seli za msingi za damu ya utando wa mtoto mchanga ni muhimu kwa matibabu ya magonjwa ya damu na magonjwa ya kinga. Lakini vipi kuhusu chembe za msingi kutoka kwa tishu ya kamba ya tumbo? Damu ya utando na tishu ya utando zina chembe za msingi za kuzaliwa. Kwa msingi wa asili yao, seli za msingi za perinatal zinaweza kugawanywa katika vikundi vitatu: seli za msingi kutoka kwa maji ya amniotic, placenta na kamba ya umbilical. Tissue ya umbilical cord ni tajiri katika mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Chembe hizi za msingi hupatikana ndani ya Jelly ya Wharton ambayo hujaza kamba ya umbilical. MSCs ni seli nyingi ambazo zinaweza kutofautisha katika karibu aina yoyote ya seli, tishu, au kiungo, kama vile mifupa, cartilage, misuli, neva, na seli za mafuta. Hizi ni muhimu kwa uwezekano wao katika matibabu ya mifupa na moyo, pamoja na matibabu mengine ambapo MSCs hufanya kazi ili kuzuia uvimbe na athari za autoimmune. MSCs inaweza kupatikana kutoka damu ya kamba, lakini kwa ufanisi mdogo kuliko kutumia tishu nyingine za perinatal (kama vile tishu ya kamba) kama chanzo cha MSCs. Kwa mfano, utafiti wa utafiti wa kliniki uliofanywa katika miaka ya 2005 hadi 2015 ulionyesha kwamba watu wengi duniani wana uwezo wa kupata dawa za kuua viini. Katika kipindi hicho, jumla ya majaribio 269 ya kliniki yalifanywa, ambayo inaonyesha kuwa kuna majaribio ya kliniki ya matibabu ya seli za msingi za Perinatal kuliko kuna majaribio ya seli za msingi za damu ya kamba. Wakati damu ya kamba bado ni chanzo muhimu sana cha seli za msingi za kuokoa maisha, wanasayansi wanahimiza programu za elimu ya umma kufanya zaidi ya kukuza tu benki ya damu ya kamba, lakini kusisitiza umuhimu na thamani ya benki ya seli za msingi za kamba zilizopatikana katika tishu ya kamba. "Utafiti huu ulichapishwa awali na Verter, Couto na Bersenev katika jarida la Januari 2017 la ""Mwongozo wa Wazazi wa Shirika la Damu ya Cord"" katika makala inayoitwa ""Kuzidi Kutumia Chembe za Msingi za Mtoto Mpya katika Majaribio ya Kliniki."""