It is true that there are not as many instances of kids get cancer as adults, but they do. Kids do get cancer & it can also be cured in most cases. With each passing year survival rate of kids has been going up because of medical researches & breakthroughs.
Kids get cancer when cells go through an abnormal rate of growth and division, just as in adults. Thus the reason why cancer happens is alike for everyone. When cells that are not normal, they grow and spread fast in the affected part of our body and the result is cancer.
Normal body cells grow and divide and know when to stop growing. Over a period of time, they die and are replaced by new cells. Like such normal cells, cancer cells simply keep growing and divide out of control and don’t die.
Cancer cells group together and thus tumors are formed. A growing tumor can adversely affect healthy cells around the tumor and damage body’s healthy tissues. There is a possibility of these cancer clumps to break away from their original position and spread to other parts of the body. This is how cancer spreads to other parts of the body and this process is called metastasis.
Let us come back to the core issue about why kids get cancer. But before that we shall discuss some important facts about kids cancer. Researchers and cancer specialists are not is a position to confirm why some people/kids get cancer and others don’t.
They know fro a fat that cancer is not contagious or infectious. A kid or an adult for that matter will get cancer by simply coming in contact with someone else who has it. Cancer has nothing to do with germs, like that of colds and the flu.
There is therefore no need to be afraid of other kids or adults who have cancer. You can allow your child to talk to, play with, and touch someone who has been diagnosed with cancer.
Cancer is caused by some unhealthy habits like smoking cigarette or consuming alcohol beyond permissible limits on a regular basis. Such habits at a young age make you prone to cancer when you become an adult.
Kids can get some specific types of cancer like Lymphoma, Brain Cancer and Leukemia (connected to blood and organs forming blood like bone marrow). The treatments are more or less the same as in adults such as Chemo, Radiation, and Surgery.
After treating the kid with any of the above methods doctors do a test to find out if the cancer has completely been removed. If no signs of cancer are observed, then the kid is said to be in remission. The good news here is that for majority of kids, continued remission is a very happy ending for them and more importantly for their parents cancer experience.
Detecting Cancer in a Child and After
This is not something that is pleasant to do but do arm yourself with information because childhood cancer, though rare, is not easily detectable. The symptoms can be ambiguous and resemble those of many other illnesses.
You will need to consult a physician who will carry out an assessment of the symptoms, which can include persistent nausea and vomiting, recurring weight loss and headaches, excessive tiredness, painful swellings in the joints and limbs, unexplained lumps in armpits or legs or chest, and continual infections.
Cancer weakens a child, wrecks bones and other organs, and destroys the immune system’s defenses against other infections. The most typical childhood cancers are brain cancer, lymphoma, leukemia, and bone cancer.
The triggers for a cancer in a child are different from those for an adult. Sometimes it may be due to a genetic condition or if they have already been treated for a cancer. But mostly it is because of nonhereditary gene mutations in their growing cells. These alterations take place arbitrarily and erratically and so, as yet, there is no effectual course of prevention.
Pediatric oncologists work with children with cancer and coordinate with other specialists in children’s cancer centers. Chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery can all be used to treat a child’s cancer depending on the patient’s age and type and acuteness of the cancer.
Children with cancer should be aware of the treatment they are undergoing and should be given explanations at a level they can understand. Give them information about the cancer they have and its likely effects.
Don’t let them become frightened or misunderstand what is happening. You can bring in a psychologist to work with children so they can understand their feelings and be reassured.
Explain to the child’s friends and schoolmates what exactly he is going through so that they can support him better. Information leads to compassion and strength.
Children should be encouraged to return to school as soon as possible after the diagnosis. This keeps them centered with a purpose in life. It also signals to them that they are capable of getting better and getting on with their lives. Let their lives be as close to their normal routine as possible. Discuss with them how they can best handle questions about their illness and possible scars from surgery.
A child’s diet may change and must be more nutritionally effective as they need more proteins and fluids to keep other infections at bay. Check with the doctor what kind of beverages and foods need to be given so that the protein and calorie content is high.
Chemotherapy and radiation may put them off their food as they may not be able to taste or smell food. They may also suffer from a loss of appetite so keep nutritional snacks at hand.
After the cancer treatment make sure your child has regular follow-up checks to promptly identify and monitor the after-effects. These may happen because of radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or surgery.
Childhood cancers are diagnosed and treated over a longer period of time than is the case for adults and there are also side effects to this. However, with huge strides being made in medicine and research, cancer-stricken children are being successfully treated and they do go on to live normal lives.
Ni kweli kwamba watoto hawapati kansa mara nyingi kama watu wazima, lakini wao hupata kansa. Watoto hupata kansa na pia inaweza kutibiwa katika visa vingi. Kila mwaka kiwango cha kuishi cha watoto kimekuwa kikiongezeka kwa sababu ya utafiti wa kitiba na mafanikio. Watoto hupata kansa wakati chembe zinapokuwa na kiwango cha juu cha ukuaji na mgawanyiko, kama ilivyo kwa watu wazima. Hivyo sababu ya kansa kutokea ni sawa kwa kila mtu. Chembe hizo hazipatikani kwa kawaida, zinakua na kuenea haraka katika sehemu iliyoathiriwa na matokeo ni kansa. Chembe za kawaida za mwili hukua na kugawanyika na hujua ni wakati gani wa kuacha kukua. Baada ya muda, seli hizo hufa na kubadilishwa na seli mpya. Kama vile chembe za kawaida, chembe za kansa huendelea kukua na kugawanyika bila kudhibitiwa na hazikufa. Chembe za kansa hukusanyika pamoja na hivyo kuunda uvimbe. Uvimbe unaokua unaweza kuathiri vibaya chembe zenye afya zinazozunguka uvimbe na kuharibu tishu zenye afya za mwili. Kuna uwezekano wa makundi haya ya kansa kuvunja kutoka kwa nafasi yao ya awali na kuenea kwa sehemu nyingine za mwili. Ugonjwa wa kansa huenea kwenye sehemu nyingine za mwili na mchakato huu huitwa metastasis. Hebu turudi kwenye suala la msingi kuhusu kwa nini watoto hupata kansa. Lakini kabla ya hapo tutazungumzia mambo fulani muhimu kuhusu kansa ya watoto. Watafiti na wataalamu wa kansa hawawezi kuthibitisha ni kwa nini watu fulani au watoto fulani hupata kansa na wengine hawapati. Wanajua kwa hakika kwamba kansa si ya kuambukiza au ya kuambukiza. Watoto na watu wazima wanaweza kupata saratani kwa kuwasiliana na mtu mwingine aliye na ugonjwa huo. Saratani haina uhusiano wowote na vijidudu, kama vile homa na homa. Kwa hiyo hakuna haja ya kuogopa watoto wengine au watu wazima walio na kansa. Mruhusu mtoto wako kuzungumza, kucheza, na kugusa mtu aliye na kansa. Ugonjwa wa kansa unatokana na tabia zisizo za afya kama vile kuvuta sigara au kunywa pombe kupita kiasi kwa ukawaida. Mazoea kama hayo unapokuwa mchanga yanakufanya uwe na mwelekeo wa kupatwa na kansa unapokuwa mtu mzima. Watoto wanaweza kupata aina fulani za kansa kama vile Lymphoma, kansa ya ubongo na leukemia (kuunganishwa na damu na viungo vinavyounda damu kama vile uti wa mgongo). Matibabu ni sawa na yale ya watu wazima kama vile Chemo, Radiation, na Upasuaji. Baada ya kumtibu mtoto kwa njia yoyote ya hapo juu, madaktari hufanya mtihani ili kujua kama kansa imeondolewa kabisa. Ikiwa hakuna dalili za kansa, basi mtoto huyo husemwa kuwa katika hali ya kupona. Habari njema ni kwamba kwa watoto wengi, kupona kwa muda mrefu ni mwisho mzuri na muhimu zaidi kwa uzoefu wa saratani ya wazazi wao. Kugundua kansa kwa mtoto na baada ya hapo sio jambo la kupendeza kufanya lakini jiweke silaha na habari kwa sababu kansa ya utotoni, ingawa ni nadra, haigunduliwi kwa urahisi. Dalili zaweza kuwa zisizoeleweka na kufanana na zile za magonjwa mengine mengi. Mtahitaji kushauriana na daktari ambaye atafanya tathmini ya dalili, ambazo zinaweza kujumuisha kichefuchefu cha kuendelea na kutapika, kupoteza uzito mara kwa mara na maumivu ya kichwa, uchovu wa kupita kiasi, uvimbe wenye uchungu katika viungo na viungo, makunyanzi yasiyoelezeka katika viuno au miguu au kifua, na maambukizo ya kuendelea. Kansa humdhoofisha mtoto, huharibu mifupa na viungo vingine, na kuharibu mfumo wa kinga dhidi ya maambukizo mengine. Aina za kansa za kawaida za utotoni ni kansa ya ubongo, lymphoma, leukemia, na kansa ya mifupa. Vitu vinavyofanya mtoto awe na kansa ni tofauti na vile vinavyomfanya mtu mzima awe na kansa. Wakati mwingine huenda ikawa ni kwa sababu ya hali ya urithi au ikiwa tayari wametibiwa kansa. Lakini hasa ni kwa sababu ya mabadiliko ya chembe za urithi katika chembe zao zinazokua. Mabadiliko haya hufanyika kwa hiari na bila mpangilio na hivyo, hadi sasa, hakuna njia ya ufanisi ya kuzuia. Wataalamu wa kansa ya watoto hufanya kazi na watoto wenye kansa na wanashirikiana na wataalamu wengine katika vituo vya kansa vya watoto. Chemotherapy, radiation, na upasuaji wote unaweza kutumika kutibu kansa ya mtoto kulingana na umri wa mgonjwa na aina na ukali wa kansa. Watoto wenye kansa wanapaswa kufahamu matibabu wanayoyapata na wanapaswa kuelezwa kwa njia wanayoweza kuelewa. Wape habari kuhusu kansa wanayo na matokeo yake yanayowezekana. Usiwaache waogope au waelewe vibaya kinachotokea. Unaweza kumwita mwanasaikolojia ili afanye kazi na watoto ili waweze kuelewa hisia zao na kujihakikishia. Waeleze marafiki na wanafunzi wenzako jinsi wanavyoishi ili waweze kuwasaidia. Habari husababisha huruma na nguvu. Watoto wanapaswa kuhimizwa warudi shuleni haraka iwezekanavyo baada ya utambuzi. Hilo huwafanya wawe na kusudi maishani. Pia huwaonyesha kwamba wanaweza kuboresha hali yao na kuendelea na maisha yao. Weka maisha yao karibu na maisha yao ya kawaida iwezekanavyo. Zungumza nao jinsi wanavyoweza kushughulikia maswali kuhusu ugonjwa wao na makovu yanayoweza kutokea baada ya upasuaji. Chakula cha mtoto kinaweza kubadilika na lazima kiwe na ufanisi zaidi wa lishe kwani wanahitaji protini na umajimaji zaidi ili kuzuia maambukizi mengine. Jibu daktari wako kuhusu aina ya chakula na vinywaji vinavyopaswa kutumiwa ili kuongeza protini na kalori. Chemotherapy na radiation inaweza kuwafanya wasile chakula kwa sababu hawawezi kuonja au kunusa chakula. Pia wanaweza kupoteza hamu ya kula, kwa hiyo weka vyakula vyenye lishe karibu. Baada ya matibabu ya kansa, hakikisha mtoto wako ana uchunguzi wa mara kwa mara ili kutambua na kufuatilia athari za baada ya matibabu. Hizi zaweza kutokea kwa sababu ya tiba ya mnururisho, kemotherapy, au upasuaji. Ugonjwa wa saratani ya utotoni hupatikana kwa muda mrefu kuliko kwa watu wazima, na kuna athari za upande kwa hili. Hata hivyo, kwa sababu ya maendeleo makubwa yanayopatikana katika tiba na utafiti, watoto walio na kansa wanapata matibabu yenye mafanikio na wanaendelea kuishi maisha ya kawaida.