A/Prof Derya Ozkul, Elderly Research Fellow, Refugee Studies Centre, School of Oxford
Increasingly, technologies and methods are being used to streamline asylum procedures. These range from biometric matching search engines that examine iris scans and fingerprints to websites for refugees and cachette to chatbots to help people register protection instances. These tools are designed to make this easier for the purpose of states and agencies to process asylum applications, especially numerous systems are currently slowed down because of the COVID-19 outbreak and elevating levels of forced displacement.
However they raise a number of human privileges concerns. Such as privacy issues, opaque decision-making, and click the potential for biases or machine errors that may lead to discriminatory outcomes. They also pose significant challenges to migrants and refugees, who are sometimes already disenfranchised and vulnerable.
Ozkul’s study explores many ways in which new technologies can be used to verify details and narratives of migrants, allowing them to increase their asylum application method. It also looks at the ways by which these solutions can create a certain informational space around migrant workers, and how they configure all their subjecthood. Pursuing Foucault, the girl argues that such algorithms are both local and institutional. For example , iris scanning methods can be seen since an institutional technology, because they require the migrant to enter a specific area in order to be accepted; while recommendation algorithms are industrial and global in their effects, configuring matters as consumers.
As a result, they will enact a particular form of hegemonic power over displaced persons. This is especially true granted the current competition to the lower part in asylum policy ~ with some countries offering incentives like the Nansen passport to accomplish cachette resettling and others impacting restrictive packages that block their access to terrain and pressure them around dangerous and deadly excursions.
Prof. Derya Ozkul, Mtafiti wa Wazee, Kituo cha Mafunzo ya Wakimbizi, Shule ya Oxford, anasema kuwa teknolojia na mbinu zinatumiwa zaidi na zaidi kuwezesha taratibu za hifadhi. Hizi huanzia injini za utafutaji za uwiano wa biometriki ambazo huchunguza skani za iris na alama za vidole hadi tovuti za wakimbizi na cachette hadi mazungumzo ya mazungumzo kusaidia watu kusajili visa vya ulinzi. Vifaa hivi vimeundwa ili kuwezesha majimbo na mashirika kusindika maombi ya hifadhi, haswa mifumo mingi kwa sasa imepungua kwa sababu ya mlipuko wa COVID-19 na viwango vya kuongezeka kwa uhamisho wa kulazimishwa. Hata hivyo wao kuinua idadi ya haki za kibinadamu wasiwasi. "Kama vile masuala ya faragha, maamuzi yasiyo wazi, na uwezekano wa upendeleo au makosa ya mashine ambayo yanaweza kusababisha matokeo ya ubaguzi. """ Pia zinawasilisha changamoto kubwa kwa wahamiaji na wakimbizi, ambao wakati mwingine tayari wamenyimwa haki na ni dhaifu. Uchunguzi wa Ozkul unachunguza njia nyingi ambazo teknolojia mpya zinaweza kutumiwa kuthibitisha maelezo na hadithi za wahamiaji, na kuwawezesha kuongeza njia yao ya kuomba hifadhi. Pia inaangalia njia ambazo ufumbuzi huu unaweza kuunda nafasi fulani ya habari karibu na wafanyakazi wahamiaji, na jinsi wanavyounda mada yao yote. Kufuatia Foucault, msichana anadai kwamba algorithms kama hizo ni wote wa ndani na taasisi. Kwa mfano, mbinu za kupima iris zinaweza kuonekana kama teknolojia ya taasisi, kwa sababu zinahitaji mhamiaji kuingia eneo maalum ili kukubaliwa, wakati algorithms ya mapendekezo ni ya viwanda na ya kimataifa katika athari zao, kuunda mambo kama watumiaji. Matokeo yake, watatekeleza aina fulani ya mamlaka juu ya watu waliohamishwa. Hii ni kweli hasa kutokana na ushindani wa sasa kwa sehemu ya chini katika sera ya hifadhi - na baadhi ya nchi kutoa motisha kama Nansen pasipoti kwa ajili ya kukamilisha cachette makazi mapya na wengine kuathiri vifurushi vikwazo kwamba kuzuia upatikanaji wao kwa eneo na kushinikiza yao karibu safari hatari na hatari.