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research the history of isaac newton and generate a summary.
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sir isaac newton (1642-1726/1727) was an english scientist, mathematician, and astronomer. he is widely known for his groundbreaking work in the field of mathematics, including the development of calculus and the three laws of motion. he is also credited with the development of the reflecting telescope and the discovery of the law of universal gravitation. newton is considered one of the greatest scientists in history and made significant contributions to the scientific revolution.
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