str1 =  '"Isn\'t," she said.'
print(str1)
s = 'First line.\nSecond line.'  # \n means newline
print(s)  # with print(), \n produces a new line
format_str = "this is {}'s books".format("Chris")
print(format_str)
print(format_str.capitalize())
print(format_str.count("s")) 

first_name = "Chris"
last_name = "Liu"
print(f'Hello, {first_name} {last_name}')