# How to find p value in excel

In statistical hypothesis testing, a p-value is a measure of the strength of evidence against the null hypothesis. It is used to determine whether the observed data supports the alternative hypothesis or not. A p-value is a probability value that represents the likelihood of observing a test statistic as extreme as, or more extreme than, the one computed from the sample data, assuming that the null hypothesis is true.

Excel free download is a popular spreadsheet program researchers, students, and professionals use to perform statistical analysis. It provides several built-in functions that allow users to calculate p-values for various statistical tests.

In this article, we will discuss how to find p-values in Excel for different statistical tests.

Finding P-Value in Excel:

Excel provides several functions for calculating p-values for different statistical tests. The most commonly used functions are described below.

1. T.TEST Function:

The T.TEST function is used to perform a two-sample t-test. It returns the probability associated with a Student’s t-test for two samples with equal variances. The syntax for the T.TEST function is:

=T.TEST(array1, array2, tails, type)

Here, array1 and array2 are the sample data ranges, tails are the number of tails for the test (1 for a one-tailed test, 2 for a two-tailed test), and type is the type of t-test to perform (1 for a paired test, 2 for a two-sample equal variance test, and 3 for a two-sample unequal variance test).

To calculate the p-value for a two-tailed t-test using the T.TEST function, we can use the following formula:

=2*T.TEST(array1, array2, 2, 2)

The result of this formula is the p-value for a two-tailed t-test.

1. CHISQ.TEST Function:

The CHISQ.TEST function is used to perform a chi-square test for independence. It returns the probability associated with a chi-square test for independence of two variables. The syntax for the CHISQ.TEST function is:

=CHISQ.TEST(observed, expected)

Here, observed and expected are the data ranges for the observed and expected values.

To calculate the p-value for a chi-square test using the CHISQ.TEST function, we can use the following formula:

=1-CHISQ.TEST(observed, expected)

The result of this formula is the p-value for a chi-square test.

1. F.TEST Function:

The F.TEST function is used to perform an F-test for the equality of variances. It returns the probability associated with an F-test for two samples with equal variances. The syntax for the F.TEST function is:

=F.TEST(array1, array2)

Here, array1 and array2 are the sample data ranges.

To calculate the p-value for an F-test using the F.TEST function, we can use the following formula:

=1-F.TEST(array1, array2)

The result of this formula is the p-value for an F-test.

## Conclusion:

Excel free download provides several built-in functions that allow users to calculate p-values for various statistical tests. These functions can be used to determine whether the observed data supports the alternative hypothesis. By understanding how to use these functions, researchers, students, and professionals can perform statistical analysis more efficiently and effectively.
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