# section 3.2 polynomial functions and their graphs

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Section 3.2 Polynomial Functions and Their Graphs. Smooth, Continuous Graphs. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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• Section 3.2Polynomial Functions and Their Graphs

• Smooth, Continuous Graphs

• Polynomial functions of degree 2 or higher have graphs that are smooth and continuous. By smooth, we mean that the graphs contain only rounded curves with no sharp corners. By continuous, we mean that the graphs have no breaks and can be drawn without lifting your pencil from the rectangular coordinate system.

• Notice the breaks and lack of smooth curves.

• End Behavior of Polynomial Functions

• Odd-degree polynomial functions have graphs with opposite behavior at each end. Even-degree polynomial functions have graphs with the same behavior at each end.

• ExampleUse the Leading Coefficient Test to determine the end behavior of the graph of f(x)= - 3x3- 4x + 7

• ExampleUse the Leading Coefficient Test to determine the end behavior of the graph of f(x)= - .08x4- 9x3+7x2+4x + 7This is the graph that you get with the standard viewing window. How do you know that you need to change the window to see the end behavior of the function? What viewing window will allow you to see the end behavior?

• Zeros of Polynomial Functions

• If f is a polynomial function, then the values of x for which f(x) is equal to 0 are called the zeros of f. These values of x are the roots, or solutions, of the polynomial equation f(x)=0. Each real root of the polynomial equation appears as an x-intercept of the graph of the polynomial function.

• Find all zeros of f(x)= x3+4x2- 3x - 12

• ExampleFind all zeros of x3+2x2- 4x-8=0

• Multiplicity of x-Intercepts

• Graphing Calculator- Finding the Zerosx3+2x2- 4x-8=0One of the zeros The other zeroOther zeroOne zero of the functionThe x-intercepts are the zeros of the function. To find the zeros, press 2nd Trace then #2. The zero -2 has multiplicity of 2.

• ExampleFind the zeros of f(x)=(x- 3)2(x-1)3 and give the multiplicity of each zero. State whether the graph crosses the x-axis or touches the x-axis and turns around at each zero.Continued on the next slide.

• ExampleNow graph this function on your calculator. f(x)=(x- 3)2(x-1)3

• The Intermediate Value Theorem

• Show that the function y=x3- x+5 has a zero between - 2 and -1.

• ExampleShow that the polynomial function f(x)=x3- 2x+9 has a real zero between - 3 and - 2.

• Turning Points of Polynomial functions

• The graph of f(x)=x5- 6x3+8x+1 is shown below. The graph has four smooth turning points. The polynomial is of degree 5. Notice that the graph has four turning points. In general, if the function is a polynomial function of degree n, then the graph has at most n-1 turning points.

• A Strategy for Graphing Polynomial Functions

• ExampleGraph f(x)=x4- 4x2 using what you have learned in this section.

• ExampleGraph f(x)=x3- 9x2 using what you have learned in this section.

• (a) (b)(c)(d)Use the Leading Coefficient Test to determine the end behavior of the graph of the polynomial function f(x)=x3- 9x2 +27

• (a) (b)(c)(d)State whether the graph crosses the x-axis, or touches the x-axis and turns around at the zeros of 1, and - 3.f(x)=(x-1)2(x+3)3
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