ABSTRACT The structural measurement indicates that the system possesses A2 to B2 phase transformation at the extent of A2 phase at room temperature. The present system shows first order magneto-structural transformation (FOMST). The substitution of Cr by Fe causes a vital role for an increase in magnetocaloric properties. The change in magnetic entropy (ΔSM) and relative cooling power (RCP) are evaluated under an applied field of 20 KOe that shows drastic changes near the blocking temperature under the specific temperature regime. In the vicinity of these observed properties, critical exponent parameters such as, β, ϒ and δ were also observed using field dependence magnetic entropy change.


A laser system has been developed for generating low-cycle femtosecond pulses with a central wavelength of 910 nm (or 2100 nm), a duration of several field oscillations with a kilohertz pulse repetition rate. The main advantage of the original approach is the optical synchronization of fs pulses with pump laser radiation.


By electrical characterization of thin films deposited by atomic layer deposition, HfxZr1−xO2 (HZO) is shown to be ferroelectric as-deposited, i.e., without any annealing step, using a thermal budget of 300 °C. By fabricating laminated HZO films rather than the traditional solid-solution HZO, a remanent polarization of Pr = 11  μC/cm2 and endurance exceeding 106 are obtained. Films grown on thermally reactive InAs semiconductor substrates showed capacitance–voltage modulation and hysteresis, which varied depending on interfacial oxide construction. Additionally, a trade-off between higher polarization and lower gate leakage was found when comparing different laminate structures and deposition temperatures. Scaling the thickness of the laminated oxides revealed that films remain ferroelectric at 6.5 nm with an increased breakdown field for thinner devices.


Let x = (ξ1, ξ2, ⋯ ξ k ), y=(ŋ1, ŋ2, ⋯, ŋ k ), z=(ζ1, ζ2, ⋯ ζ k ), ⋯ denote points of the k-dimensional Euclidean space E k . Here k ≥ 1 but only the case k ≥ 2 will be of interest. The space may also be treated as a vector space by identifying x with the vector joining the origin 0 = (0, ⋯, 0) with the point x. The rules for addition of vectors and for multiplying them by scalars are the usual ones, and the norm is defined by the formula

$$\left| x \right| = {{\left( {\xi _{1}^{2} + \xi _{2}^{2} + \cdot \cdot \cdot + \xi _{k}^{2}} \right)}^{{{{1} \left/ {2} \right.}}}}.$$

.


This article focuses on the modes of implementation of an innovative device, associating two tools to instrument distant and synchronic collaborative design. The paper presents results about the modes of implementation of an innovative device, which combines two tools, in order to instrument distant and synchronous collaborative design. On account of the fact that these tools differ essentially in terms of immersive and non-immersive work space, this research focuses initially on modes of switching, which are used in an immersive work space to a non-immersive work space. Our work questions the appropriation of the two tools by users, relying on looks, designs, but also the collective operations involved in the design process. Keywordscomputer supported cooperative work; methodology of multi-modal user interfaces analysis; semiotics; cognitive ergonomics; case study of collaborative synchronic design platforms.


Twenty-eight Spanish verbal etyma are adapted into Neapolitan with a
prothetic a- followed by double consonants, which are not present in the
original etyma. Optimality Theory explains the conflict between the three
restraints, Max, which disfavors the deletion of an underlying mora,
the obligatory contour principle, which disfavors double consonants, and
Coda, which disfavors coda consonants. Max dominates and accommodates
the surfacing of an underlying mora by lengthening the consonant
following the initial a-. While this is a word- formation process, the theory
is based on a Neapolitan syntactic process, phono-syntactic reduplication.


A method for estimating the optical characteristics of ceramic materials under high temperature conditions has been applied and evaluated. For that purpose, an interface system combined with a photo-spectrometer was made to keep the samples at the required high temperature. The transmittance of the samples was measured at various temperatures. The measured transmittance data was used to estimate the refractive index using an optical simulation model in conjunction with the Sellmeier equation. The Sellmeier equation parameters were selected by trial-and-error when the transmittance recalculated using the estimated refractive index was compared with the measured transmittance. Furthermore, the estimated refractive indices were checked by a comparison with the reference data at some typical wavelengths at room temperature.


Electroreflectance spectra of e-GaSe in the photon energy region 3.5-4.1 eV have been investigated at 77 K and at 300 K for F // c with the Schottky-barrier technique and for F ⊥ c with the transverse electroreflectance, where the light was incident nearly normal to the layers. It was found from the Kramers-Kronig analysis of the electroreflectance spectra at 77 K that the following five transitions exist whose transition energies, broadening energies in meV, and assignments, respectively, are those in the following parentheses: (3600±10, 40±5, M 1 ), (3700±5, ≃20, excitonic M 0 ), (3860±10, 100±10, M 1 2 D ), (3895±10, 100±10, M 1 2 D ), and (4040±10, 50±10, M 1 ). The anisotropy of the reduced masses at the M 0 and M 1 critical points are found to be not so large as expected from the highly anisotropic crystal structure.


&NA; Wartime injuries present extreme problems in wound management, with extensive skin degloving, deep tissue necrosis, and severe wound contamination. Several wound stabilization technologies, commonly used in burn and chronic wound treatment centers, have significantly advanced the treatment of wartime extremity trauma. Early skin coverage of these wounds is an ongoing challenge. Engineered skin substitutes offer advantages of expedited wound coverage and decreased donor site morbidity in the treatment of burns and chronic wounds. These substitutes, however, possess significant limitations when used in the presence of infection or full‐thickness defects. Therefore, extrapolating the use of engineered skin substitutes to the coverage of acute war wounds is not clinically indicated. The timing and level of care in which skin substitutes could be applied for war wounds requires further clinical research.


Red sorrel, as one of exotic weeds in Korea, was introduced along with imported cereals for concentrate feed or within the seed for forage production. The plant was dominated in grassland and reduced the quality of forage. In particular, this weed cause severe problem in alpine grassland. This study was carried out to investigate the effect and response of red sorrel and forage crops by foliar and soil applied herbicide application. Mecoprop(MCPP) and pendimethaline were selected by pre-field experiment trials and applied to control the red sorrel in grassland. Herbicidal activity of MCPP was 77.2% at 500m /10a level and 82.8% at 750m /10a level. However, seeds of red sorrel from bare land formed after foliar applied herbicide treatment were germinated and covered bare land. Pendimethalin was not reduced the rhizome growth grown from red sorrel root but retarded seedling growth of germinated red sorrel. The herbicidal activity of pendimethalin to the red sorrel seedling was 83.0%. 2 times application of MCPP at the rate of 750m /10a was effective to control of red sorrel regrown from root and herbicidal activity was 93.2%. MCPP and pendimethaline treatment was not reduced growth of grass and have no herbicidal injury to forage crop seedling. Amount of MCPP and pendimethalin remained in grass plant was decreased from 20 days after herbicide treatment and could not be problem in livestock feeding.


The content of the research content is trying to prove that physical training can be optimized from a weekly cycle to another, in quantitative and qualitative terms. One of the requirements is to always check the training level of the team with various stimuli and, in this context, the sportive shape from one game to another. This can be monitored using the "INSTAT" System of analysis after each competition. The statistic obtained gives us physical data that we can compare from one game to another, both within the team, but especially individually, such as the distance travelled by team/ player, the total distance broken down by intensities, the number of accelerations and sprints. These issues confirm or disprove that the guidance of the effort from a competition to another is within optimal standards. As a result of the interpretation of the data offered by the analysis system, it can be found a pattern to achieve and maintain optimum sportive shape to ensure the superiority, on the physical plane, over the opponent. The permanent individualization of the training process is crucial in a weekly cycle, because not all the athletes react the same way to the training stimuli, reaching unwanted areas of effort for that training, and thus disturbing the preparation process in the next weekly cycles of the competitive period. © 2016 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy.org.uk


The distribution of larval subfossil chironomids in surface sediment samples obtained from Bosten lake was analysed, and ordination methods were used to identify the influences of physical and chemical parameters on the abundance and diversity of chironomids. A total of 18 chironomid taxa was identified across the 32 samples, 15 of which showed minimum abundance of >1% and were present in more than one site. Chironomus plumosus -type, Microchironomus and Tanytarsus glabrescens -type were the most abundant of the 18 chironomid taxa identified. The distribution of the main chironomid species within Bosten Lake exhibited spatial heterogeneity. T. glabrescens- type was found to dominate Huangshuiwan, in the northwest part of Bosten lake, which had higher salinity and organic content. Microchironomus was mainly distributed in the Kaidu river mouth, in the southwest part of Bosten lake, whereas C. plumosu s-type was more abundant in the deep centre, suggesting the importance of water chemistry, water dynamics and water depth on chironomid distribution. The relationship of chironomid distribution with environmental parameters was assessed using redundancy analysis, and the results revealed that water depth, Secchi depth and salinity were the predominant factors influencing chironomid distribution; these factors could explain the chironomid variances of 18.3, 5.3 and 5.0%, respectively. Our surface sediment-derived data provide a baseline for the analysis of future environmental variations of the lakes in the arid regions of northwest China, which are threatened by impacts of global climate change and regional water management.


Michel Folliet, Operations and Technical Director of Consolidada de Cementos C.A., describes how his company has boosted clinker capacity in this Venezuelan plant


Community types and ecologic function characteristics in riparian zone along Qinhuai River in Nanjing were investigated. There were 84 species (varieties) of woody plants that,belong to 46 including families and 57 genera. Among these plants,five families including six genera and nine species are gymnosperms,and 41 families including 51 genera 75 species are angiosperms. According to main woody plants species and structure character,six communities were classified. Vegetation types constructed in clay riverside were not only advantageous to conserving riparian nature landscape,but also to exerting of ecologic function. Besides,plan species were rich,diversities indexes were high and the constructing cost was low there. So it was worthy of spreading the vegetation type. Comparability between East and west Changganxiang,among riversides of lower reaches after Shuiximen were high,plant component was few. Thus,it was needed to enrich plant species,increase species diversities,improve ecologic function and landscape effect of vegetation.


Warped products play crucial roles in differential geometry, as well as in mathematical physics, especially in general relativity. In this article, first we define and study statistical solitons on Ricci-symmetric statistical warped products R × f N 2 and N 1 × f R . Second, we study statistical warped products as submanifolds of statistical manifolds. For statistical warped products statistically immersed in a statistical manifold of constant curvature, we prove Chen's inequality involving scalar curvature, the squared mean curvature, and the Laplacian of warping function (with respect to the Levi–Civita connection). At the end, we establish a relationship between the scalar curvature and the Casorati curvatures in terms of the Laplacian of the warping function for statistical warped product submanifolds in the same ambient space.


The invention discloses a plastic bottle cap sterilization device with good sterilization effect, high production capacity and high space utilization rate and a sterilization method thereof, while the invention is applicable to a filling production line of drinks and drugs. The device mainly comprises a soaking sterilization room, a sterile water spray room and a sterile air spray room; a plastic bottle cap enters an Archimedes spiral bottle cap channel of the soaking sterilization room for soaking sterilization; then the plastic bottle cap enters a ramping-up bottle cap channel for lifting and overturning; after that, the bottle cap enters a linear bottle cap channel and serially enters the sterile water spray room and the sterile air spray room for sequentially receiving the spray of sterile water and the spray of sterile air. A nozzle in the soaking sterilization room provides power for moving forward, ramping-up and overturning of the bottle cap; nozzles of the sterile water spray room and the sterile air spray room carry out the flushing and the spray-sweeping of residual sterilizing liquid on the bottle cap and provide the power for moving forward. The detection of the bottle cap sterilized shows that the sterilization effect reaches 6D (log6) and the residue of disinfectant liquid is not more than 0.5ppm. The two items are both meet the sterilization requirements for the bottle cap by aseptic cold filling.


Online public opinion is the representation of social public opinion on the internet space and a direct reflection of social public opinion. The essence of network public opinion guidance is to influence and change the attitude of Internet users through a series of strategies, so as to effectively control the influence trend and scope of public opinion. How netizen's opinions change and how to facilitate those changes are at the core of online public opinion control and guidance.


BackgroundNumber sense is a way of thinking about and understanding numbers, operations, and the relationships between numbers and operations (McIntosh, Reys, & Reys, 1992; Sood & Jitendra, 2007; Yang & Li, 2008). Number sense also includes the ability to develop flexible and efficient strategies, such as mental computation and estimation, and to solve numerical problems including in daily life situations (Griffin, 2004; Yang & Wu, 2010). Why is the development of number sense so important? Earlier studies (Bums, 1994; Reys & Yang, 1998) showed that excessive reliance on rule-based methods to solve problems might limit and hinder children's mathematical thinking and understanding. Reys & Yang (1998) showed that children skilled in written computation did not necessarily develop better number sense. In addition, the over reliance on rule-based methods may lead students to produce many erroneous results (e.g., misapplication of calculations and formulas, misplacement of decimal points, or production of unreasonable results). However, the current emphasis on written computation in mathematics teaching in Taiwan may result in weakness or deficiency in number sense development. Moreover, there are few number sense learning activities oriented toward daily life designed to address third-grader's deficiencies in number sense. This study attempts to develop remedial instruction units to promote number sense that are based on children's misconceptions or deficient knowledge.Theoretical FrameworkComponents of Number SenseDuring the past two decades, several number sense studies and reports (Markovits & Sowder, 1994; McIntosh, et al, 1992; NCTM, 2000; Verschaffel et. al., 2007; Yang & Li, 2008) have proposed theoretical frameworks of number sense from different perspectives. No researchers in the field "define number sense in exactly the same way" (Berch, 2005, p. 333); however, they do include several common components. Based on these studies and reports, this study defines the components of number sense as follows:(1) Understanding the meanings of numbers, operations and their relationshipsThis ability enables a student to make sense of numbers (whole numbers, fractions and decimals) and related operations (+, -, x, and ***) and understand the relationship between numbers and operations (McIntosh et al., 1992; Yang & Tsai, 2010). For example, children know that 8 represents eight thousand in 28,036.(2) Being able to use multiple representations of numbers and operationsThis ability includes dealing with numbers and representing numbers in different ways (McIntosh et al., 1992; NCTM, 2000). For example, children should know - = 0.2 = 20%.(3) Recognizing the relative magnitude of numbersThis is an ability to compare and order numbers correctly (McIntosh et al., 1992; Yang & Tsai, 2010). For example, children should know 23/50 is less than 21/40 since 21/40 is more than 1/2 and that 23/50 is less than 1/2.(4) Being able to compose and decompose numbers flexiblyThis implies the ability to break down numbers for the convenience of computational fluency (McIntosh et al., 1992). For example, when students are asked to solve 24x25, they could decompose the multiplicand 24 into 6x4 to get 6x4x25, and know it is equal to 6x100. This helps children solve problems efficiently.(5) Judging the reasonableness of a computational result via different strategiesThis concerns students' ability to utilize strategies such as estimation and mental computation to solve problems appropriately and to know if the result is reasonable (NCTM, 2000; Yang & Tsai, 2010). For example, children should be able to estimate the height of the classroom from the ceiling to the floor being about 3-4 meters.Remedial InstructionEarlier studies have suggested that an individual's use of number representations and mathematical thinking relied in part on the earlier development of number sense (Dehaene, 1997; Feigenson, Dehaene, & Spelke, 2004). …


This paper proposes a computational model to predict communication skill of individual participants in online peer-to-peer dyadic interactions. Participants interact using a web-interface (skype-like) developed to record videos of two participants separately and stream real-time. This platform allows interviews and group discussions to be conducted at any place without the need of colocation of all participants. Towards studying communication skill in such a setting, we collected 72 dyadic interactions of participants discussing on general topics. Manual rating of these interaction videos have been obtained from two external observers. Multimodal features related to non-verbal behavior: prosody, speaking activity, visual and verbal behavior are automatically extracted. The experimental results show that the multimodal fusion of features with reliefF feature ranking perform best with an accuracy of 74%. Also, we automatically rate the overall discussion by extracting features from both participants. Our best results on automatic discussion rating achieves an accuracy of 83%. Further to dyadic interactions, we make a comparative study of the communication skill rating of the same participants giving an interface-based interview. Our study indicates that participants communicate well in interaction based scenarios.


Our group has developed two diverse radar sensors with practical applications: an imaging radar at 94 GHz for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) take-off and landing and a radar based termite detector at 24 GHz. These two sensors operate in vastly different environments. One relies on the weak radar returns from ground clutter to form a high fidelity image. The other detects the movement of termites hidden inside building materials at extremely short distances. Currently, our approach is moving away from classical radar towards Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) radar. This paper presents the sensor implementations and recent results. The aircraft radar is still a demonstration system, whilst the termite detector is a mature product.


Despite zenith in the field of scientific knowledge, any pin pointed factor behind the phenomenon of longevity and life expectancy has not yet been known. There are so many contributors that work together in affecting the span of life expectancy. Review of the literature reveals that participation in physical activities and exercises, use of proper diet, healthy lifestyle behaviour, avoidance of smoking and obesity are vital and they all have crucial role in determining the length of the life span.  This paper is aimed at to review the existing body of literature in perspectives of the factors contributing or otherwise with reference to the longevity and life expectancy. The factors examined in this paper include exercise & physical activity, diet and smoking. In view of the existing literature it has become evident that life expectancy is something that can be extended to a desirable limit provided consolidated efforts are put forth with reference to health care and healthy life style behaviour.


With a lot of good and positive pressure coming from the Government and environmentalists in cleaning up the air, and customer demands for increased efficiency and performance, the automotive industry is exploring options for both conventional and non-conventional ways to upgrade their existing vehicle powertrains. Due to an unfavorable trade-off between battery cost to vehicle range and performance, limited availability of components and charging infrastructure, currently electric vehicles are not at par with conventional IC engine based 2W available in the market. Even after incentive schemes, electric vehicles are not gaining the numbers as they fail to meet customer expectations in terms of performance and use cases. This paper presents work done at Schaeffler on identifying customer expectations and areas of improvement in a 2W. Various hybrid functions and configurations are evaluated for the benefits, component sizing and payback period estimates.


Small-molecular tyrosine kinase inhibitors constitute an effective therapeutic option in patients with hematologic malignancies and solid tumours. On the other hand, the significance of cardiovascular adverse events associated with their use is often emphasised. The events include arterial hypertension, heart failure, coronary disease/acute coronary syndromes, and long QT syndrome. The paper discusses the underlying mechanisms behind cardiovascular events associated with the treatment that involves tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and presents preventive and therapeutic options available in clinical practice. Awareness of the potential cardiovascular complications, regular follow-up, early diagnosis and initiation of appropriate treatment, combined with close collaboration with cardiology specialists, may enhance the benefits of long-term TKI therapy.


This paper analyses the primary elements that lead the creation of Bumba-meu-Boi groups of Zabumba accent in Sao Luis of Maranhao. In its development, the study brings up the life of men and women from the countryside that are now citizens in the urban centers of Maranhao's state capital, Sao Luis. Together, these people express their former lifestyle trough their Bumbas. We will discuss the dynamic relationships among the members, the possible involvement with leaders and political groups, as well as the numerous mechanisms that the popular culture producers put together to keep their groups and traditions alive. Keyword: Bumba-meu-boi of Zabumba accent; Migration from the countryside to the cities; Political Power


According to the fact that the dielectric loss angle of capacitive equipment is mainly determined by the phase difference between its terminal voltage and leakage current, cutting short the voltage and current signals by Blackman window, and correcting the spectrum of voltage and current signals by three-spectral line interpolation method and 7-order polynomial fitting technique, a simple and practical frequency correction formula and a formula for calculating dielectric loss angle based on improved FFT are given. The results of simulation and measurement show that the spectrum correction method presented in this paper is effective under harmonic interference and frequency fluctuation of power grid, and the measurement results of dielectric loss angle delta are accurate and stable.


The nature of the link between macro-scale yield and particle scale interactions is poorly understood. This contribution addresses this knowledge gap using discrete element method (DEM) triaxial test simulations performed with a modified version of the granular LAMMPS code, employing a simplified Hertz-Mindlin contact model. Each sample comprised monodisperse spheres and these samples were sheared from different initial density states. The positions of the yield surfaces were identified from the overall load:deformation behaviour, just as in a laboratory test. The overall sample responses observed in these DEM simulations confirmed that the size and positions of the sub-yield surfaces largely depend upon the sample density. The particle-scale parameters monitored included the coordination number, the second order fabric tensor and the proportion of sliding contacts (the sliding fraction). A correlation was established between the variation in coordination number with strain and stiffness degradation with strain. The sliding fraction data information showed that, in contrast to conventional understanding, the particles start to slide relative to each other even within the linear elastic zone


Dilute GaAsN layers are grown by liquid phase epitaxy technique from a GaAs + Ga + GaN melt with upto 2 mol% Li3N added to the same to act as a flux to promote nitrogen dissolution in Ga. A maximum nitrogen content of 1 at% in the material is obtained as measured by high resolution X-ray diffraction studies. Further 10 K photoluminescence measurements showed a band gap reduction of 145 meV in the as-grown layers. The material has been used to fabricate metal-semiconductor-metal photodiodes with a peak response of 0.06 A/W at 858 nm wavelength.


The role of carbon nitride (C3N4) as an absorber in a photoelectrochemical cell is reported. C3N4-sensitized TiO2 mesoporous film created via in-situ, vapor-transport growth results in a direct Ti–O–C bonding. The material hybridization shows a unique electronic transition at the interface, leading to strongly enhanced visible-light absorption and photoactivity.


Preclinical as well as clinical studies suggest that gene therapy based on the infusion of
 autologous hematopoietic progenitor and stem cells (HSPCs) previously corrected with
 lentiviral vectors may constitute a future alternative for treating Fanconi anemia (FA) patients.
 In this context, gene editing appears to be a new step in the development of safe and precise
 gene therapy approaches. Since non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) is the preferred
 mechanism to repair DNA double-strand breaks in quiescent cells, such as HSPCs, and given
 that this pathway has been reported to be enhanced in FA cells, we have tested the feasibility of
 using NHEJ to generate compensatory mutations that may restore the function of FANCA
 protein, thus mimicking the spontaneous reversions reported in some FA mosaic patients.
 Our hypothesis was initially tested in two FA-A patient-derived lymphoblastic cell lines
 carrying different mutations in FANCA using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Analyses of the targeted
 sites by next generation sequencing (NGS) revealed the presence of cells harbouring potentially
 therapeutic repair events whose frequency increased over time. Functional analyses confirmed
 the re-expression of a new functional FANCA protein capable of correcting the FA cell
 phenotype. Importantly, transplantation of healthy donor HSPCs after NHEJ-editing in
 immunodeficient (NSG) mice showed the feasibility of efficiently targeting long-term
 repopulating HSCs. Moreover, when FA-A patient HSPCs were targeted by our CRISPR/Cas9
 nuclease, therapeutic NHEJ-repair events were identified by NGS, showing up to 50-fold in
 vitro expansion after only 9 days in culture. Furthermore, the transplantation of limited
 numbers of FA-edited hCD34+ cells into an NSG mouse showed a remarkable in vivo expansion
 of corrected cells. Additionally, corrected cells showed the reversion of the hypersensitivity to
 mitomycin C, defined as a hallmark of FA cells. All together, these results demonstrate for the
 first time the NHEJ-mediated phenotypic correction of FA HSPCs. The NGS analyses of the topfive
 in silico predicted off-target loci in edited FA HSPCs showed no unspecific activity,
 confirming the safety of this new approach.
 Moving forward to in vivo applications of NHEJ-mediated repair approaches, serotype 6
 adeno-associated viral vectors (AAVs) were tested in vitro and also in vivo, demonstrating the
 possibility of transducing hematopoietic progenitor cells in both settings. Moreover, the
 delivery of the CRISPR/Cas9 system via an all-in-one AAV confirmed the feasibly of these
 vectors to edit human HSPCs, opening the possibility of future in vivo NHEJ-mediated gene
 editing approaches in FA


This study focuses on applying the model of Genetic Algorithm optimized Back Propagation Neural Networks (GABPNN) to formulate the forecast methodology of groundwater quality parameter with spatial data as parameters. Back Propagation neural network (BPNN) is the basic arithmetic of this method. Genetic Algorithm (GA) was used to optimize the weights and biases of BPNN. The GABPNN was firstly introduced into spatial prediction of groundwater quality parameter in Langfang city (China) and it was compared with ordinary Kriging(OK). The groundwater quality parameter such as chloride was selected for the study, the performance of the models was found to be very good. The results of the GABPNN model application were that the regional prediction map of the optimal GABPNN model could describe the spatial distribution situation of groundwater quality parameter and that the predictive validity of the GABPNN model was better than that of ordinary Kriging. The result shows that the GABPNN model is a reasonable and feasible method for spatial distribution of groundwater quality parameter in Langfang city (China).


This paper analyses different factors of touch down and buffer technique in the stage of midway running in sprint between Chinese and foreign male sprinters.It also studies the actual causes of these differences and the effects on the overall technique through biomechanical principle.The conclusion indicates that it is our traditional sprint technical principles and the long-term adopted technical exercises that cause the different factors of touch down and buffer technique in the stage of midway running in sprint between Chinese and foreign sprinters.What's more,the above-mentioned principles and exercises can also result in the differences in overall technique of midway running in sprint.


A device for measuring an operating period of a heater by analyzing load current is provided to simplify structure and to reduce material costs by forming a non-contact load current detecting sensor using an induction coil. A device for measuring an operating period of a heater by analyzing a load current having a heater controller and a burner controller includes a non-contact load current detecting sensor(300) and a measuring device(400). The non-contact load current detecting sensor detects a variation between a current generated from the heater controller and a current which flows from the heater controller to the burner controller if power is supplied to the heater. The measuring device calculates fuel consumption by measuring the operating period of the heater using the variation of the current detected in the non-contact load current detecting sensor.


Any overview of "energy from the oceans" must perforce be dominated by petroleum-related energy since oil and gas are the only ocean energy resources that have been developed to a commercial status. The other sources - kinetic, thermal, and biomass - have long been the subjects of conjecture and, to some extent, of research and development activities. The present paper reviews the history of OCS oil and gas development and briefly discusses the challenges still to be faced. The concerns to be faced in developing the other potential sources of energy from the oceans are then discussed in the light of what we should have learned from the past 35 years of OCS oil and gas development.


The purpose of the study is to investigate the interaction between discipline and personality in a blended classroom using the community of inquiry model. To this end, a factorial ANOVA is used to determine the main effects of the high and low of each personality trait as well as the four different clusters of discipline on the presences. The study used a non-experimental design to gather data. A total of 12 lecturers and 408 students from three institutions were involved. The results indicate that there is a significant difference in teaching presence between the hard-applied and hard-pure as well as the hard-applied and soft-pure disciplines only for the conscientiousness personality. Correspondingly, there is a significant difference in social presence between the hard-applied and soft-pure disciplines across all the five personality traits. However, there is no significant difference in cognitive presence for all the discipline clusters across all the personality traits.


From the Publisher:
The pace of change in the "e" environment is so fast and multifaceted that itOs hard for a single book to cover all the frontiers. However, this ambitious volume does.

Created under the auspices of the prestigious eBusiness Research Center (eBRC) at The Pennsylvania State University, it contains in-depth analysis by renowned thought leaders from the corporate and academic worlds. The result is a storehouse of e-knowledge that will help readers get their bearings and advance their organizations in the new economy.

Cutting-edge yet practical, PUSHING THE DIGITAL FRONTIER addresses all the current and emerging e-business issues that executives and managers cannot afford to overlook. Using the innovative eBRC New Economy Pyramid as a unifying framework, the book offers the latest research findings along with illuminating examples of what organizations are doing to transform themselves from traditional firms to successful e-businesses. It provides guidance on how to:

* Go from being market-driven to being the market-driver
* Manage technology for scalability, responsiveness, and security
* Provide value-added customer service
* Restructure the organization for e-responsiveness
* E-valuate more accurately through new metrics
* Deal with e-nvironmental concerns, such as taxation, privacy, and security
* Leverage old economy fundamentals in the new world
* Investigate Web-enabled collaborative commerce, and more.

Author Biography: Nirmal Pal (University Park, PA) is the executive director of the eBusiness Research Center at The Pennsylvania State University, which fosters research in e-business strategy, management, and marketing to improve business profitability. A long-time IBM executive, he previously headed IBM's e-business consulting practice worldwide.

Judith M. Ray (University Park, PA) is senior research associate at the eBusiness Research Center.


OBJECTIVES: to identify the factors associated with hypovitaminosis A in children in the semi-arid region of the Brazilian State of Alagoas. METHODS: a cross-sectional study was carried outwith a probabilistic sample of 551 children aged under five years. Serum levels of retinol were measured using high-efficiency liquid chromatography. In order to identify any associations between the independent variables and hypovitaminosis A (retinol <20 µg/dL) the prevalence ration (PR) was used with a confidence interval of 95% calculated using the Poisson regression, with a robust adjustment for variance, both in the raw analysis and in theadjusted one. The latter included all the variables from the raw analysis for which p<0.1. Associations were considered statistically significant when p<0.05. RESULTS: the prevalence of hypovitaminosis A was 45.4% and the variables that remained associated in the multivariable analysis were low maternal schooling (PR=1.66; CI95%: 1.12-2.44), low birthweight (RP=1,41; IC95%: 1,01-1,98) and being agedbetween 12.1 and 24 months (PR=1.45; CI95%: 1.04-2.02). CONCLUSIONS: this reveals that hypovitaminosis A is epidemiologically significant in children in the semi-arid region of Alagoas. Low birth weight newborns in the second year of life, born to mothers with a low level of education, should therefore receive priority health care.


Lerak (Sapindus rarak DC.) is one of the fruits with a main active compound called saponin. Saponins function as natural surfactants with foaming and emulsifying properties. Lerak in Indonesia is widely used as a traditional detergent. Using lerak essence as a detergent, batik washing can be done well without fading colors and is more environmentally friendly. Lerak essence can be applied as an additional component in preparing solid laundry soap. Adding lerak essence is to replace the anionic surfactant Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS). Therefore, the risk of pollution can be lowered, as well as keep batik cloth from easily fading out. This study was conducted using Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors, including the concentration of lerak essence (10%, 7.5%, and 5%) and NaOH molecules (0.5 mol and 0.375 mol). This study aimed to analyze the effect of variation in lerak essence concentration and NaOH molecular on the physicochemical properties of solid laundry soap. The results showed that the higher the concentration of lerak essence and NaOH molecules, the more it reduces the water content in solid laundry soap. Concentrations of 10% lerak essence and 0.5 mol NaOH molecules have the highest value for foam stability and the lowest value for moisture content. Among the tensile strength, pH, brightness level and yellowness level, the highest value was in the concentration of 7.5% lerak essence and 0.5 mol NaOH molecules. Treatments of the variation of lerak essence concentrations significantly affect pH, while the treatment of NaOH molecular variation significantly affects pH, tensile strength, foam stability, brightness level (L*) and yellowness level (b*).


Operant conditioning and multidimensional scaling (MDS) procedures were used to study auditory perception of complex vocal signals in budgerigars. Response latencies were anlyzed by MDS to produce a spatial arrangement of these complex sounds reflecting the perceptual organization. Both normal and isolate‐reared budgerigars and humans show perceptual categories which correspond closely to the major functional and acoustic categories of species‐specific calls. Birds sharing the same learned call show perceptual categories for the calls of individual birds. Humans and other budgerigars unfamiliar with these same learned calls fail to group calls by individual. These results suggest that both general and special auditory mechanisms are involved in the formation of perceptual categories for species‐specific vocal signals in budgerigars. Additional tests with human speech sounds suggest that the general auditory processing mechanism in budgerigars are quite sophisticated. [Work supported by NIH.]


There are few works in literature that study the relationship between tourist destination image and tourist destination personality. The present study starting from the relationship between image and personality tries to analyze how this relationship can strengthen the identification of tourists with the destination itself and consequently behavioral responses. The results will highlight a strong impact of image on some personality traits of the destination and how these personality traits have an effect on the the effective, ideal, social and social ideal destination self congruity and on the intentions of return and word of mouth. The work ends with a discussion on the theoretical and managerial implications in terms of destination branding strategies.


Properties of gelatin composite films(with 4% glycerol as plasticizer)with different mass concentrations of microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) (0.2-1.0%) were investigated. The prepared composite films with 1.0 % MFC showed the highest tensile strength (12.32 MPa) with the lowest water absorption rate (391.1 %). The composite films can be dissolved in hot water of 95°C in less than 5 minutes. However, the addition of MFC had insignificant effect on the heat shrinkage and light transmittance of the resultant composite films.


There has been a recent expansion of high school course offerings in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medical/health (STEMM) fields. The large span of courses now offered in STEMM are delineated across STEMM-general courses (i.e., chemistry) and STEMM-CTE courses (i.e., information technology). Little is known, however, about who are the teachers in these courses. This brief addresses this void by developing a taxonomy of the STEMM teaching workforce using statewide data from Maryland. Through this taxonomy, we examine the number of STEMM teachers by whether they teach general versus CTE STEMM courses, and whether they do so exclusively or across both types. We then examine what teaching courseloads look like across these groupings, as well as by qualifications and demographics. The aim of this brief is to understand not only the landscape of who teaches which STEMM courses, but also to identify disparities. This can help inform research on STEMM courses and teachers as well as policy, practice, and professional development.


When formulating a hydrologic model, scientists rely on
parameterizations of multiple processes based on field data, but
literature review suggests that more frequently people select
parameterizations that were included in pre-existing models rather than
re-evaluating the underlying field experiments. Problems arise when
limited field data exist, when "trusted" approaches do not get
reevaluated, and when processes fundamentally change in different
environments. The physics and dynamics of snow interception by conifers,
including both loading and unloading of snow, is just such a case. The
most commonly used interception parameterization is based on data from
four trees from one site, but field study results are not directly
transferable between environments. The process varies dramatically
between locations with relatively warmer versus colder winters. Here, we
combine a comprehensive literature review with a model to demonstrate
essential improvements to model representations of snow interception. We
recommend that, as a first and essential step, all models include
increased loading due to increased adhesion and cohesion when
temperatures rise from -3 and 0°C. The commonly used parameters of a
fixed maximum value for loading and an e-folding time for unloading are
not supported by observations or physical understanding and are not
necessary to reproduce observations. In addition to unloading based on
physical processes, such as wind or canopy warming, all models must
represent melting of in-canopy snow so that it can be unloaded in liquid
form. As a second step, we propose field experiments across climates and
forest types to investigate: a) a representation of the force balance
between adhesion and cohesion versus gravity for both interception
efficiency and rates of unloading, b) wind effects during and between
storms, and c) lubrication when snow melts. For greatest impact, this
framework requires dedicated field measurements. These processes are
essential for models to accurately represent the impacts of dynamically
changing forest cover and snow cover on both global albedo and water
supplies.


A rare variety of origin of obturator artery was found while doing dissection on a 54-year-old Indian male. The artery originated from the posterior division of the internal iliac artery. The rest of its course, as well as other branches of the internal iliac artery were normal. Knowledge of such a variation in the origin of obturator artery is important while doing various gynecological, surgical and orthopedic operations. Obturator artery develops due to uneven growth of the anastomosis between developing internal and external iliac arteries. Obturator artery is last to develop amongst the branches of internal iliac artery. This is likely to be the cause of such a variation


to microring resonators. We describe the principle and model the proposed switch and we analyze the effect of the number of microrings and the coupling coefficients on the filter response profile, namely the bandwidths, the roll-off and on the adjacent and non-adjacent channel isolations.


On Monday, April 12, 1971, four police officers of Santa Clara County, California executed a search warrant against the offices of the Stanford Daily, a student newspaper published'at Stanford University.' In a very short time, that somewhat ordinary action would become the source of a raging constitutional battle. The police were ordered to search for and seize any photographs or negatives of a demonstration which had occurred several days before at the Stanford University Hospital. The demonstration, covered by Stanford Daily reporters, had resulted in violence and several police officers had been attacked and injured by demonstrators. Subsequent articles and photographs in the newspaper convinced the local prosecutor's office that the Daily may have had additional photographs in its possession which could assist in identifying and prosecuting those who had assaulted the police officers. The Santa Clara County District Attorney's Office secured a warrant to search the newspaper offices. There was never any indication that the newspaper was involved with the criminal activity. Late on Monday, April 12, 1971, Palo Alto police officers raided the Stanford Daily offices. The newspaper's filing cabinets, waste paper baskets, desks, and photographic laboratories were thoroughly examined. Although the police had an opportunity to read a number of notes and confidential memoranda during their search, they denied overstepping the bounds of their warrant. No additional evidence was found and the officers subsequently left. Several Stanford Daily staff members subsequently filed suit under Title 42 U.S.C. § 1983 alleging violations of their civil rights. Both the United States District Court 2 and the Court of Appeals 3 agreed with the plaintiffs that the fourth and fourteenth amendments to the Constitution barred issuing warrants to search nonsuspect third parties when no probable cause was shown that a subpoena duces tecum would be impractical.4 The United States Supreme Court, however, reversed the lower courts in a 5 to 3 decision, with Justice Brennan not participating. Justice White, speaking for the majority, reasoned that neither the wording nor the history of the fourth amendment required a standard for searches of nonsuspects different from that of suspects. The majority held that all that the Constitution requires is a finding of probable cause that the items to be seized are in a particular location. If the search involves first amendment


Paclitaxel was purified from cell cultures of Taxus chinensis by a combination of extraction, low-pressure chromatography, precipitation and HPLC. A crude extract (purity 6.9%) was obtained by methanol extraction of plant cell cultures, followed by liquid–liquid extraction using dichloromethane. The extract was purified to greater than 32% with a 97% step yield by low-pressure chromatography. After acetone/pentane precipitation, the resulting purity and step yield were 75.8% and 97.4%, respectively. High performance liquid chromatography steps, which were composed of an HPLC step with column-packed ODS and an HPLC step with column-packed silica, were applied to give over 99.5% purity with high yield. Amorphous paclitaxel with a fine particle size, which has a solubility advantage compared with the stable crystalline form, was obtained by dissolving in dichloromethane, followed by spray-drying. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry


Letter from M. L. Harris of the Plosser-Prince Air Academy to Huey and Philip Hotel and Supply Company re-requesting a price list on a "large quantity of fountain and kitchen supplies" from the company. The first request for such list was sent eight days previous.


The use of an instrumented soil column in tests to develop a mathematical model of the frost-heave process is described. Tensiometers, heat-flow meters, thermocouples, and electrical resistivity gages were installed throughout a soil column filled with Fairbanks silt, Chena Hot Springs silt, or West Lebanon gravel. The column was 100 cm long and about 14 cm in diameter. An open system was used and absorption was monitored during the freezing process. Three freezing tests were conducted on Fairbanks silt, two with a surcharge of 3.45 kPa and one with 34.5 kPa. The water level was held at the 45-cm depth. Eleven tests were conducted using Chena Hot Springs silt. The water level was set at 15-, 50-, or 100-cm depths, and the surcharge was 3.45 or 34.5 kPa. Tests were conducted by using a constant rate of frost penetration, a constant heat-flow rate, or three sequentially lower temperature step changes at the soil surface. Two tests were conducted with West Lebanon gravel. Both included three step changes in the surface temperature and were surchrged with 3.45 kPa. The water levels were at the 15- and 100-cm depths. The soil column has provided critical data for verification of a one-dimensional mathematical model for estimating frost heave. As more soils are tested, this equipment will assist in improving and developing algorithms for the mathematical model and in identifying the most critical parameters that affect frost heave in a given soil--e.g., surcharge, free water level, and hydraulic conductivity. A procedure is also presented for determining the saturated and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and moisture-retention characteristics of a soil. (Author)


The study was conducted to evaluate the results of management audits related to financial functions and assess the contribution of management audits to the management performance of Malang Ngamok Chicken which focuses on the calculation of Cost of Production . This type of research is a case study. Data obtained by documentation that is photographing, writing or duplicating documents related to the results of audits and interviews with the parties involved. Data that needs to be collected that includes company history, audit results. Data analysis methods used are (1) Identifying information related to the audit of the financial function calculation of the Cost of Production, (2) Comparing the results of the calculation of Production Cost between management and the auditor, (3) Assessing the suitability of the audit output with the applicable provisions and theories (4) Assess how the process of determining the cost of goods sold has been effective and efficient, and if it has not reached efficiency and effectiveness then suggestions and recommendations are given. The conclusion of this study is that the results of the audit of the financial function management have not meet the applicable standards .


This paper critically assesses the widespread claim that jealousy is a response to infidelity. According to this claim, herewith called the entitlement theory (ET), jealousy is only an appropriate response to a relationship between a loved one and a rival if, by entertaining this relationship, the loved one does not treat the jealous person the way she is entitled to be treated. I reconstruct different versions of ET, each of them providing a different answer to the question why we should assume that jealousy is a response to infidelity. I show that even the most plausible versions enjoy less argumentative support than it seems at first sight. The positive aim of this paper is to present a more inclusive account of jealousy as an alternative to ET. According to this account, jealousy serves to disturb the rival relationship and to (re-)gain the attention and affection of the loved person. Jealousy so understood is not only an appropriate response to infidelity but has wider appropriateness conditions. However, it plays a role in the negotiation of norms concerning exclusivity in personal relationships. The inclusive account does justice to the continuity and commonalities between adult and infant protest against rival relationships.


Attracting foreign investments has become an important means to develop the economy of developing countries. Laos and China are both developing countries so in order to attract foreign investments and accelerate the development of economy they have put a lot of effort into creating foreign capital legislative systems. However, as a result of different national conditions, they choose the different mode of that.


region. The massive nature of the arches has produced very rounded supraorbital margins and a welldefined postorbital sulcus. This sulcus is most pronounced laterally and is continuous across the midline (fig. 2). The exact locations of glabella and nasion are unclear because of the buildup of material in the interorbital area. The frontal arc is well rounded, producing a fairly high forehead, though the frontal eminences do not appear to be very prominent. There is no median frontal ridge. A possible supraorbital groove may be seen in the right orbit. The complete lack of temporal ine development on the frontal and parietal bones indicates very thick surface-obscuring deposits in the areas peripheral to and including the supraorbital ridges. Slight parietal eminences can be seen, and a flattened obelion is evident. On the internal surface (fig. 3) an extremely thick and long frontal crest is present, ending posteriorly in a slight groove (superior sagittal sinus?). Sutures and arterial sulci are not visible. The remaining internal features (e.g., the grooves apparent in the left side of the frontal bone [fig. 3]) almost certainly represent postmortem damage. Other features include the remnant of the vertical plates of the ethmoid and frontal spines and the presence of diploe along a partially damaged area of the left parietal. We hope that publication of this illustrated report may pre-


This work aimed to evaluate the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome on teachers from Faculdade Anhanguera de Rio Grande. The sample consisted of 55 teachers. The instrument applied was the MBI - Maslach Burnout Inventory - Format ED - teachers, which assesses the three dimensions of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and professional fulfillment). The results indicate to emotional exhaustion 37% (mild), depersonalization 70.4% (mild) and personal achievement 84.0% (moderate). The Burnout levels found in the present study, even in low levels, require attention and further study at this area. Also it's vitally important to call attention for health of teaching class.


The stock market is one of the most energetic sectors that play an important role in contributing to the wealth of the economy. It plays a crucial role in the economic growth and development of an economy which would benefit industries, trade and commerce as a whole. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of macroeconomic variables on stock market returns in Sri Lanka. Dependent variable of this study is stock market return measured by All Share Price Index (ASPI) and All Share Total Return Index (ASTRI) and independent variables are macroeconomic variables, such as Interest Rate (IR), Inflation Rate (INF), Exchange Rate (ER), Factory Industry Production Index (FIPI) and money supply (MS).  The study targets all the companies listed and active in Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) from 2006 to 2015. For analysis, secondary data was collected from annual reports of Central bank of Sri Lanka, Colombo Stock Exchange, Securities and Exchange Commission and Department of Census and Statistics. The results of the study reveal that the stock market returns is influenced by macroeconomic variables except money supply in Sri Lanka. Interest rate and factory industry production have negative influence on stock market return in Colombo Stock exchange while inflation rate and exchange rate have positive influence on stock market return. The findings of the study may be useful to public and economy especially stock market investors to focus the macroeconomic variables for making their effective decisions in order to enhance their stock market returns.


Consultant endocrinologist Brampton, Ontario, Canada, 1971-2001 (b Manchester 1939; q Manchester 1963; FRCPC; MD; FACP), died from glioblastoma multiforme on 6 June 2001.

He developed a high calibre endocrinology service for the sophisticated management of thyroid cancer and adrenal disease, and access to pituitary surgery in Toronto. He also founded a centre for the education of people diagnosed with diabetes. Despite a busy practice, he continued his interest in academic medicine. He leaves a wife, Mari-Ann; and five children.


Abstract Data gathered by the Thunderstorm Project in Ohio during 1947, by use of a radar set AN/TPS–10, were analyzed to study the process of precipitation initiation in natural convective clouds. It is shown that about 60 per cent of all echoes first appeared at temperatures warmer than 0C. By use of RHI-data taken at intervals of time averaging about two minutes, the time history of precipitation in clouds was studied. Composite height vs. time curves show the rate of spread of the echoes. From these data it is concluded that, in middle latitudes, precipitation is frequently formed through a process involving only the liquid phase of water.


Proper dispute resolutions can improve the smooth process of construction projects,reduce the parties' input cost and keep their harmonious partner relationship.Based on the literature review and field investigation,this paper described the dispute review system and reviewed its development in China.Furthermore,the existing problems of dispute review system for construction projects were generalized and summarized from three aspects: insufficient legislative support,defects in the dispute review clauses,and the lack of dispute review experts.Finally,with reference to the international convention,three advices were put forward to establish the dispute review system,which are defining dispute review with related laws,drawing up related form of contract,and training high qualified experts.


Background: MMR vaccine has been reported to cause gait disturbance, and this possible association has been claimed to support the MMR-causes-autism theory. Aims: To determine whether any association between gait disturbance and MMR vaccination exceeds the age related background rate of gait disturbance, using record linkage and self control case series analyses. Methods: MMR vaccination records were linked to hospital admission and general practitioner attendance data. An increased rate of gait problems with onset in various intervals in the 60 day period after MMR vaccination was looked for in children aged 12 to <24 months. Results: No evidence of an increased rate of hospital admission or general practice consultations for gait disturbance was found in the putative post-vaccination risk periods. Conclusions: This study provides no evidence for a causal association between MMR and gait disturbance.


Abstract A rapid and specific high-pressure liquid chromatography method for determination of clonazepam in human plasma is described. The analysis is linear for concentrations ranging from 5 to 100 ng. ml-1 plasma for clonazepam. The method is applicable to quantitation of clonazepam in human plasma of subjects receiving 0.05 at 0.20 mg.kg-1 orally, with satisfactory accuracy and precision.


Dispersion curves are essential to any guided wave NDE project. The Semi-Analytical Finite Element (SAFE) method has significantly increased the ease by which these curves can be calculated. However, due to misconceptions regarding theory and fragmentation based on different finite-element software, the theory has stagnated, and adoption by researchers who are new to the field has been slow. This paper focuses on the relationship between the SAFE formulation and finite element theory, and the implementation of the SAFE method in a weak form for plates, pipes, layered waveguides/composites, curved waveguides, and arbitrary cross-sections is shown. The benefits of the weak form are briefly described, as is implementation in open-source and commercial finite element software.Dispersion curves are essential to any guided wave NDE project. The Semi-Analytical Finite Element (SAFE) method has significantly increased the ease by which these curves can be calculated. However, due to misconceptions regarding theory and fragmentation based on different finite-element software, the theory has stagnated, and adoption by researchers who are new to the field has been slow. This paper focuses on the relationship between the SAFE formulation and finite element theory, and the implementation of the SAFE method in a weak form for plates, pipes, layered waveguides/composites, curved waveguides, and arbitrary cross-sections is shown. The benefits of the weak form are briefly described, as is implementation in open-source and commercial finite element software.


Given the significant concerns regarding carbon emissions from fossil fuels, global warming and energy crisis, the renewable distributed energy resources (DERs) are going to be integrated in smart grids, which will make the energy supply more reliable and decrease the cost and transmission losses. Unfortunately, one of the key technical challenges in power system planning, control and operation with DERs is the voltage regulation at the distribution level. This problem stimulates the deployment of smart sensors and actuators in smart grids so that the voltage regulation can be controlled at an accepted level. The observation from the multiple DERs information is transmitted to a control center via the internet of things (IoT) based fifth generation (5G) communication network. In other words, the proposed communication infrastructure provides an opportunity to address the voltage regulation challenge by offering the two-way communication links for microgrid state information collection, estimation and control. Based on this innovative communication infrastructure, we propose a least square based Kalman filter for state estimation and a feedback control method for voltage regulation of this intermittent and weather-dependent renewable power generation. Specifically, we propose to optimize the performance index by using semidefinite programming techniques in the context of smart grid applications. At the end, the efficacy of the developed approaches is demonstrated using the linear physical model of a microgrid incorporating DERs.


Flame front surface area and enflamed volume (the volume enclosed with flame front) is theoretically analysed for a spark‐ignition engine, having cylindrical disc‐shaped combustion chamber with two spark plugs located axisymmetrically on cylinder head, between cylinder axis and cylinder wall. Spherical flame front assumption is used. A computer code is developed based on purely geometric consideration of the flame development process in combustion chamber, and is used to investigate the effects of variations of spark plugs' locations on geometric features of the flame front. A comparison has also been made with a spark‐ignition engine having one spark plug at the same location. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Effects of different amounts of straw returning on water use efficiency of 0~100 cm soil,growth and yield of maize in the same level of fertilization.The results showed that compared with CK,water storage of 0~100 cm soil in the growing period of corn increased 4.25% 、7.25% and 4.49% with the amount of straw returning from low to high.The plant height of straw returning was 6.88、14.12 and 8.21 cm higher than that of CK.100 seed weight and yield increased by 4.74% 、11.05%、5.72% and 4.21% 、7.50%、4.73%.The water use efficiency increased by 4.46% 、9.27% and 5.84%.The use of straw returning amount of 9 000 kg/hm2 could increase the yield and water use efficiency significantly.


The Precision Engineering Laboratory (LMP) at Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), doesn`t have an adequate system to permit a quality evaluation for ultraprecision machined parts. In the Metrology Laboratory (Labmetro), at the same University, a special measurement system was developed to control cilindricity errors of machined parts, based on optical principles and with adequate uncertainties. To calibrate this measurement system, a reference cylinder was needed. This reference part was produced by an ultraprecision machine in Germany and has the quality certificate that assures its form errors. In a way to compare machined parts produced by the reconfigurable ultraprecision lathe from LMP, a sample with the same outer dimensions was machined and some tests were done using the measuring system, allowing some conclusions about the local ultraprecision lathe quality, which was assembled based on a design methodology to reconfigurable precision systems, where unused components from different systems were assembled to compose the machine, with a relative low cost design. The measurement system and the reconfigurable ultraprecision lathe will be described and the comparison results will be shown.


Objective To report our experiences of direct cortical stimulation in surgery of gliomas located in eloquent areas. Methods Clinical data of 157 patients with gliomas underwent awake craniotomy with the direct electrical stimulation for functional mapping of the eloquent areas were analysed retrospectively. Results Negative cortical stimulation was found in 4 patients, and positive cortical stimulation was achieved in 153 patients (97.45% ). Four hundred and ninty ⁃ six cortical sites in 139 patients were detected for motor response by direct electrical stimulation, 70 sites in 21 patients for sensory, 112 sites in 91 patients for language (such as counting and naming). The positive areas of counting disturbance were mainly seen at the lower part of left precentral gyri operculum of left inferior frontal gyri, triangular part of left inferior frontal gyri, posterior part of left middle frontal gyri, and posterior part of left superior frontal gyri. Postoperative MRI showed 92 patients (58.60%) achieved total resection, 55 cases (35.03%) subtotal and 10 cases (6.37%) partial. One hundred and ten patients (70.06%) were diagnosed as having low grade glimas, including 71 cases of astrocytoma, 26 cases of oligodendroglioma, and 13 cases of mixed astro ⁃ oligodendroglioma, 47 patients (29.94% ) were high grade gliomas, including 19 cases of glioblastoma, 15 cases of anaplastic astrocytoma, and 13 cases of anaplastic oligodendroglioma. After operation 53 patients (33.76% ) occurred transient postoperative paralysis, 39 patients (24.84% ) transient language disturbance and 4 patients (2.55%) permanent neurological deficits. Conclusion Intraoperative direct electrical stimulation is a reliable, precise and safety method for functional mapping of the eloquent areas. This technique allows us to achieve 'maximal safety resection' in glioma surgery.

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2012.06.011


Increment in Lipoprotein(a) [LP(a)] serum concentration is an independent Coronary Artery Diseases (CAD) risk factor and clinical results support its roles in CAD. We assumed that aerobic and regular physical activity can reduce the amount of LP(a) and therefore play an important role to reduce the risk of CAD. But some previous studies have indicated that LP(a) levels can not affected by exercise training. In addition, some studies have demonstrated VO2max and LP(a) correlation but it's not consistent. The aim of this Cross-sectional study was to compare of correlation between physical activity and LP(a) in selected groups of active, sedentary and with CAD men. VO2max as a physical activity rating index estimated was based on non exercise prediction equations. Fasting serum concentration of LP(a) analysis with Immunoturbidimetric method. Pearson correlation equations between VO2max and LP(a) in groups are not significant. Therefore, LP(a) not been alter by physical activity.


The Analects includes abundant management art.Its general principle of management by inaction and the post assignment according to virtue,appropriateness and talent are of great significance to modern enterprises.


As voltage source converters (VSCs) are finding expanded use, their integration into future smart grids is becoming challenging. The main problems can be categorized as poor frequency regulation because of low overall physical inertia, interactions between synchronous generators (SGs) and VSCs, and switching between grid-connected and islanded modes. To overcome these problems the concept of synchronous converters is introduced to facilitate a general framework for interfacing VSCs to smart grids with emulated inertia, generality for all operational modes, constant frequency and current and voltage regulation capacities augmented in one compact structure. The proposed controllers are also applicable to conventional SGs realizing a unified control strategy for all types of generation units. To integrate VSCs to power system with dc-link voltage regulation ability such as rectifiers, dc, and hybrid dc/ac grids concept of synchronous-VSC and hybrid dc/ac droop or equivalently dc-link vs. frequency droop is developed which provide a tool for bidirectional power flow from dc-link capacitor similar to a virtual rotor. Both simulation and experimental results are presented to validate the practicability of the controllers.


Based on the properties of the vanishing points,a 3D object reconstruction method was proposed.After calculating the inner and outer parameters of the camera using vanishing points,the space coordinates of the points in the object could be calculated.Through construction and texture mapping,the 3D object reconstruction was realized.It shows that this method can recover the position relation between points and the length relation between lines,and then meet the needs of the virtual reality systems.


A study was conducted at Horticultural Research Station, Mondouri, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal during rabi season (NovemberApril) of 2010 and 2011. The main aim of the experiment was to enhance the production of onion through assessing the effect of different levels of boron and zinc. The experiment consisting of 4 levels of boron (0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 %) and 4 levels of zinc (0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 %) were applied as foliar spraying. Application of 0.5% boron -1 significantly increased the growth (plant height, 63.93cm and number of leaf per plant, 7.25), yield (30.74 t ha ) and quality (Total -1 soluble solids, 13.45oB and pyruvic acid 5.94 μmol.g ) of onion. Among various levels of zinc 0.5% exhibited the best growth -1 0 (plant height, 67.25cm and number of leaf per plant, 7.75), yield (33.34 t ha ) and quality (Total soluble solids, 14.57 B and -1 pyruvic acid, 5.86 μmolg ) attributes of onion.


The article is devoted to Russian personal names in the Yakut anthroponymicon. A descriptive review of the personal names of the Cossack pioneers, modern popular Russian names. The morphological and phonetic features of altered Russian anthroponyms are revealed. It is concluded that Russian personal names are a specific part of the Yakut name.


To solve the problem of non-uniform fouling removal and scale prevention in the heat exchanger tube with vibrating spiral-insert cleaning technology,a vibrating and reciprocating spiral-insert cleaning mechanism is put forward.It makes use of the hydrodynamic force to change the local flow resistance at the tube outlet periodically to cause velocity fluctuation in the tube,so that the vibratory spiral-insert in the tube scratches the fouling with axial reciprocating movement and the fouling on the inside wall can be removed uniformly.The flow characteristic of the baffle is obtained by experimental study.The computation formula for velocity in the tube with the effect of baffle and the computation method for the baffle opening,which makes the vibration spiral-insert produce an axial reciprocating stroke not less than a pitch,are obtained by theoretical analysis.The test proves that the fouling removal and prevention with the vibrating and reciprocating spiral-insert is more effective.Under the same experimental conditions,the heat transfer coefficient is increased by 60% and 20%,respectively,compared to empty tube and vibration spiral.Moreover,the scaling speed is reduced.


An Anglo-German project to build a gravitational wave detector has finally received UK funding. The Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (PPARC) has allocated £1m to the £3.5m GEO 600 project. With German funding already in place, construction began last autumn on a fruit farm near Hannover. The detector, which first was proposed in 1986, should be ready by 1999.


1H and 13C NMR data for 2-diethylaminomethyl-3,4,6-tri- and -tetrachlorophenols in CH2Cl2 solutions at a variety of temperatures are reported. The results are consistent with intramolecular hydrogen bonding and proton transfer as shown in the structure 3. Concentration dependence of the NMR data for the perchloro compound shows an additional hydrogen bonding process attributed to the solute self-association. The 1H, 13C and 15N NMR data support the proposed proton transfer structure.


Background: Different pathological conditions are associated with the anatomical variations in glenoid cavity. For getting insights into these variations the anthropometric parameters knowledge is highly required. Objective: The purpose of the study was the determination of the anthropometric relationship present between the left and right side of the glenoid cavity of the scapula and the application of the obtained knowledge in the forensic medicine. Place and Duration: In the department of anatomy, Multan Medical and Dental College and Bacha Khan Medical Complex Swabi for six months duration, from January 2021 to June 2021. Material and Methods: The data of 190 patients included in the study, was collected from the anatomy department of our institute. The sample was withdrawn from the non-deformed and well macerated scapulae bone of the 190 patients. The calibrated sliding digital caliper was used to measure the anthropometric parameters of glenoid cavity. The glenoid height, width and index were calculated by SPSS software. Results: The 34.8±4.0 (R=38 ± 4.98 and L=27.9-46.78) and 24.9 ±3.90 (R=27.2 ± 3.43 and L=20.1- 36) was the calculated mean standard deviation of Maximum glenoid height (MGH) and Maximum glenoid width (MGW) respectively. The statistically significant and greater values of MGH and MGW on the right side were obtained by using ANOVA and t-test. While calculated values of glenoid Index (GI) was smaller on the right side as compared to the left. Conclusion: The kinanthropological applications of the scapula are indicated by the study that which side can be more commonly used. This study provides with in-depth knowledge of biological profiling and develops better understanding required during reconstruction of the damaged skeleton. Keywords: Glenoid cavity, Maximum glenoid height (MGH), Maximum glenoid width (MGW).


Yamen South in Tang Dynasty referred to the group of officials submitting to the prime minister. Yamen North referred to the group of the eunuchs. The strengthening and weakening of the two groups deeply affected the political situation of Tang Dynasty in middle and late period. Because Yamen South was dependant on Yamen North, the power restricting the eunuchs greatly weakened. It was the reason that the eunuchs controlled the court administration over a long period of time.


Provided an elastomeric article having a stably associated, non-leaching antimicrobial coating. Elastomeric article according to the present invention includes, includes a substrate having a surface, the antimicrobial composition to the surface of the substrate is stably associated, at least a portion of said surface substantially or stable associative antimicrobial coating is formed. Forming antimicrobial coatings, a) AATCC-147 first version comprises a dry leaching or agar plate-based test, according to the experimental design, or b) ASTM wetting leaching or dynamic shake flask E-2149-01 according to experimental design the second version includes a test, or c) when both versions were performed, the antimicrobial coating is performed so as not to form a zone of inhibition. .FIELD 1


Dhat syndrome is defined as "semen loss" associated to psychological distress. Dhat syndrome mainly seen in the natives of Indian subcontinent. It is usually manifested as somatic and psychological symptoms such as fatigue mood state., lack of interest, loss of appetite, lack of strength, lack of concentration, dementia. There may be presence of psychological and sexual dysfunction. In this case study a 24years male patient was admitted to the hospital with complaints of loss of semen in urine since 6months, premature ejaculation, increased sleep, delayed response when the patient is called. Patient was diagnosed with" Dhat syndrome". Patient was treated with antipsychotics & antidepressants and multivitamins. Patient was discharged after relieving of symptoms and clinical pharmacists have done patient counselling for better quality of life.


Background: Diet, physical activity, mood, sleep, weight, heart rate and other parameters can now be easily captured via wearable devices, smartphones and other tools to yield insights about personal health and wellness. Among those with disease, tracking such things as symptoms, responses to medications and other parameters, can help patients and physicians better tailor medical treatments. Supporting these trends is an increasingly complex ecosystem of providers of health technology-based goods and services. Stakeholders range from solo developers of new apps for smartphones, to large corporations in the computer, consumer electronics and telecommunications industries. Individually and collectively these companies are amassing ever-increasing quantities of real world/real time data relevant to health, much of which may be lying fallow in terms of availability to individuals and researchers interested in gaining new insights about contributors to individual and population health. There may be considerable scientific value in making these data available to researchers in medicine, public health and the social and behavioral sciences. Moreover, wider availability of these data might spark a new cadre of "citizen scientists" who can add to what traditional health researchers do.

Objective: This presentation will provide an update on a new Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) initiative that is examining this issue.

Methods: An initial landscape analysis was conducted via interviews of participants in this space based on criteria such as types of data collected, populations served, health states addressed, public health burden, and value in terms of potential health benefits derivable from research. Input has been sought from several sources including leaders from groups such as the NIH, Quantified Self, CDC, NSF, Kaiser, technology venture funds, and corporate researchers and innovators. Interviews have been conducted with stakeholders across the entire "data chain" of patient/person-generated data (P2CD): individuals, patients, clinicians, device and platform makers, researchers and policy-makers. Issues addressed include how to bridge the "two worlds" of academic research and the set of mostly private and often small technology companies that hold these data; whether there are unique scientific, methodological or ethical issues involved in such research; intellectual property of research findings; how and where these data intersect with other forms of medical and public health data; data quality; and privacy and confidentiality.

Results: Areas explored and to be updated in this presentation include: a) sample data use agreements for researchers and companies; b) templates that can be completed by a company that describes what types of data/meta-data they have and what questions they are interested in having researchers answer; c) samples of data donation forms/language that can be used by individuals who are interested in opening up and donating their data for purposes of research; and d) case studies that provide examples of research envisioned in this initiative; and e) recommendations for further efforts to stimulate research using P2CD.

Conclusions: This presentation will address how this initiative is complementing other RWJF sponsored projects that aim to accelerate the use and evaluation of novel open methods for knowledge generation and research in public health and healthcare. []


Patients initiated on enteral nutrition support should be monitored systematically to ensure tolerance, to meet the goals of the nutrition support regimen, and to prevent potential complications. Multiple clinical factors must be considered in determining tolerance to enteral feeding. Unfortunately, commonly used bedside markers of tolerance have considerable limitations. In practice, overemphasis on any one marker, especially gastric residuals, often leads to premature interruption and inappropriate cessation of tube feeds. The use of strict tube feeding protocols may help to improve the appropriateness of physician orders and to ensure adequate delivery of enteral nutrition. Potential issues related to tolerance of enteral feeding include segmental contractility of the gastrointestinal tract, ischemia, aspiration, diarrhea, and metabolic derangement. The clinical significance of each of these issues is, discussed in this review, along with preventive strategies.


This paper introduces how to utilize the solvent from the mineral oil cracking by-product to recycle the waste foamed polystyrene plastics to control pollution. The solvent with low toxicity, high solution rate and solubility is resourceful, cheap, gained easily, recyclable and has high ratio of recovery.


Microsoft Access 2000 provides dynamic global access to your library materials. Your users can not only search for records but (with the correct permissions set) also create and catalog records directly into the library database/ knowledge management system. In Access 2000, data access pages allow you to create Web page tables, reports, queries, or data-entry forms that are actively linked to data stored in an Access database. Access 2000 provides users with fully automated Webbed access to your information-text, graphic, video, audio files-all can be shared with the world or restricted to select groups within your organization.


Hospital culture regarding imaging and the specialties which perform it has been resistant to change. In particular, ultrasound performed at the point of care (POCUS) has taken a while to become established within hospital systems. The COVID-19 pandemic has seemingly caused acceleration of POCUS acceptance. What is driving this rapid culture change?


A model of kinetic effects in Langmuir wave dynamics is presented using a nonlinear distribution function that includes particle separatrix crossing and self-consistent electrostatic evolution. This model is based on the adiabatic motion of electrons in the wave to describe Bernstein–Greene–Kruskal-like Langmuir waves over a wide range of temperatures (0.1⩽kλD⩽0.4). The asymptotic distribution function yields a nonlinear frequency shift of the Langmuir wave that agrees well with Vlasov simulations, and can furthermore be used to determine the electrostatic energy required to develop the phase-mixed, asymptotic state. From this incoherent energy, energy conservation is employed to determine a simplified model of nonlinear Landau damping. The resulting nonlinear, dynamic frequency shift and damping are then used in an extended three-wave-type model of driven Langmuir waves and compared to Vlasov simulations in the context of backward Raman scattering.A model of kinetic effects in Langmuir wave dynamics is presented using a nonlinear distribution function that includes particle separatrix crossing and self-consistent electrostatic evolution. This model is based on the adiabatic motion of electrons in the wave to describe Bernstein–Greene–Kruskal-like Langmuir waves over a wide range of temperatures (0.1⩽kλD⩽0.4). The asymptotic distribution function yields a nonlinear frequency shift of the Langmuir wave that agrees well with Vlasov simulations, and can furthermore be used to determine the electrostatic energy required to develop the phase-mixed, asymptotic state. From this incoherent energy, energy conservation is employed to determine a simplified model of nonlinear Landau damping. The resulting nonlinear, dynamic frequency shift and damping are then used in an extended three-wave-type model of driven Langmuir waves and compared to Vlasov simulations in the context of backward Raman scattering.


Objective To analyze the antimicrobial susceptibility of Mycoplasma isolates for rational antimicro-bial therapy. Methods BioMerieux IST kit was used for identification and susceptibility testing of the Mycoplasma strains. Results Mycoplasma positive was detected in 335 cases (55.8%) among 600 cases. Of the Mycoplasma detected,Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu) alone accounted for 63.3%,Mycoplasma huminis (Mh) alone accounted for 5.1%,and Uu+Mh was indentified in 31.6%.The results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that the Myco-plasma isolates were the most susceptible to Pristinamycin(97.3%),Doxycycline(95.2%),Josamycin(92.2%),Tetracycline (87.1%),while the most antimicrobial of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin was 84.7% and 68.6%.Conclusion Pristinamycin,Doxycycline and Josmamycin can be used in the treatment of genitourinary tract infections caused by Mycoplasma. The Mycoplasma isolates must be screened for the potential trend of resistance for guiding rational antimicrobialt herapy.


In the vast amount of literature describing the effects of ionizing radiations in living organisms, relatively few papers deal with the effects of external alpha-rays. The range is so short, that, for instance, the alpha-particles from the decay products of radium hardly penetrate the superficial, horny, dead layer of the epidermis in man. Accordingly, investigations of the actions of external alpha-rays have mostly been concerned with very small objects, e. g. bacteria, and fern spores (ZIRKLE, 1935, 1940). Therapeutically the alpha-rays are used to a rather limited extent. Some use is made of thorium X, in the form of a solution, which is painted on the skin (LOMHOLT, 1923, 1936), and as an ointment containing radon (LANGE, 1945). Applied in these ways, it is not possible to calculate the skin doses in roentgens or equivalent units; nor is the effect totally ascribable to alpha-rays only. LARKIN (1941) describes the clinical findings in human skin after an accidental bombardment with alpha-particles from a cyclotrone. The effects of alpha-rays from radio-isotopes within an organism have been more extensively dealt with in the recent literature. But in experiments with internal alpha-emitters it is difficult to calculate the doses given to the different tissues. The epidermis of mice is thin enough to permit the alpha-particles from »natural» radio-isotopes to penetrate into living tissue. The purpose of the present experiments has been to investigate the


Recently, various techniques have been used to cover sacral pressure sores. These include skin grafts, local flaps, musculocutaneous flaps and fasciocutaneous flaps.We investigated how to decide which technique should best be used for managing sacral pressure sores of individual patients.The points are (1) confidence, (2) damage to patient, (3) surgical technique, (4) infection, (5) sore size, and (6) recurrence of sore.Our first option has been the use of local flaps where possible. However, when local flaps cannot be applied, we recommend the use of musculocutaneous flaps.


Object of interest is optimization of stock economy in the company Decopan s.r.o. in my master's work. In the theoretical part I especially describe knowledge?s from the area of storage, facilities of stores and supply. In the practical part I realize analysis of current state of stock economy. It continues with project part, in which I recommend proposal for the improvement of the whole system of stock economy. The main point of the research is to project proposal to optimalization be clearly feasible and give reduction of cost com-bined with supply and their storage.


BACKGROUND In areas of endemic transmission, malaria in pregnancy is associated with severe maternal anaemia and low birthweight babies. The prevalence of infection is highest in primigravidae (PG), and hence control efforts are usually geared towards this high risk group. Using a sensitive measure of placental infection, we investigated the relationship between active‐acute, active‐chronic and past placental infection with maternal anaemia and low birthweight in women of all gravidities.


The report presents information on the spatial and temporal distribution, and relative abundance of 44 fish and invertebrate species in 31 estuaries along the Gulf of Mexico coast of Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas. Its purpose is to disseminate data developed in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Estuarine Living Marine Resources (ELMR) Program. The presence, distribution, and relative abundance of each species and the time period it uses each estuary are the primary data compiled. The report combines information presented in earlier reports for nine estuaries in Texas, 13 estuaries in Florida and Alabama, and nine estuaries in Louisiana and Mississippi. However, several species have been added, and the graphic depiction of relative abundance has been improved.


Internet voting is an appealing concept to most voters, primarily for reasons of convenience ("why can't I vote in my pajamas at a convenient time"), while appealing because of the attractiveness of technology. However, Internet voting is fundamentally different from other types of online transactions such as banking or shopping. In this Article, I describe different types of Internet voting, the advantages and disadvantages from a security and privacy perspective, and provide perspective on the history and evolution of the field. * SRI International. William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal Symposium: Privacy, Democracy, and Elections, October 22, 2010. This article was prepared with support from ACCURATE: A Center for Correct, Usable, Reliable, Auditable and Transparent Elections, under National Science Foundation Grant No. 0524111. 1 E-mail from Mitch Trachtenberg, Software Developer, to author (Oct. 11, 2010, 11:06 EST) (on file with author). 2 Alex Altman, Will Online Voting Turn Into an Election Day Debacle?, TIME, Oct. 15, 2010, available at http://www.time.com/time/politics/article/0,8599,2025696,00.html (quoting Ron Rivest, computer scientist and cryptography expert). 3 Dan Morrell, Secret Ballots, Verifiable Votes, HARV. MAG., May–June 2010, at 10 (quoting Ben Adida, inventor of Helios, an Internet voting system). 4 Editorial, Hacked!, WASH. POST, Oct. 19, 2010, at A14.


Firewood stoves may cause high particulate matter (PM) and gaseous emissions, and user behaviour is an important influence, although to date only rarely quantified. Therefore, a manually operated modern firewood stove (7 kW) was selected and tested on a combustion test stand in a comprehensive experimental plan where in total 5 stove ignition variants (cold starts at natural draught) and 9 stove operational variants were investigated, each in 3 replications. Ignition variants differed in the position of starter blocks igniters as well in the orientation and position of wood logs and kindling used, including the "top down" and "bottom up" ignition modes, which both were additionally tested in a setup with controlled chimney draught at -12 Pa. Operational variants comprised a refilling according to the stove user manual (a), different primary air settings (b), overload of fuel (c), different moisture contents between 7 and 30 w-% (d), too long logs (e), delayed recharging (f) a "quasi-continuous" charging of individual logs (g). The ignition from the bottom caused lower CO-, OGC, and PM-emissions compared to the ignition from the top, but highest concentrations were observed when using crumped newspaper as igniter from the bottom in an "inaccurate" fuel arrangement. In subsequent batches the firewood stove performed very well when operated according to the user manual (CO: 1,687 mg/m; OGC: 212 mg/m; PM: 22 mg/m, related to 13 % O2conc.). Highest emissions were released when the primary air flap remained open after the ignition batch (CO: 9,379 mg/m; OGC: 1,283 mg/m; PM: 142 mg/m). Such maloperation would be avoided if the stove was equipped with a relatively simple automatic combustion air control. High emissions also occurred when the stove was recharged after the flames were already extinguished or when the fuel was too wet. By throttling the combustion air flow, the CO emissions were increased by the factor 1.7 compared to the proper stove operation. Similarly, an overfilling of the combustion chamber also led to increased gaseous emissions. The use of too long wood logs, too dry wood or the continuous refilling with single logs led to similar or slightly lower gaseous and particulate matter emissions compared an orderly stove operation as defined as reference case.


In this paper, we study intersecting sets in primitive and quasiprimitive permutation groups. Let G 6 Sym(Ω) be a transitive permutation group, and S an intersecting set. Previous results show that if G is either 2-transitive or a Frobenius group, then |S| ≤ |Gω | (for some ω ∈ Ω). Furthermore, for some 2-transitive groups, |S| = |Gω| if and only if S is a coset of a stabilizer. In this paper, we prove that these statements are far from the truth for general transitive groups. In particular, we show that in the case of primitive groups, there is even no absolute constant c such that |S| 6 c|Gω |. In the case G is a primitive permutation group isomorphic to PSL(2, p), we characterize the subgroups of G which are intersecting sets. We also show that if G 6 Sym(Ω) is a permutation group of prime power degree, then for any intersecting set S, we have |S| ≤ |Gω| (for some ω ∈ Ω). This proves a part of a conjecture in [17].


ABSTRACT For a targeted drug delivery, it was great biomedical potential, significance, importance and application value to construct a colloidal-chemistry stable nanocomposite. Functionalized multi-walled carbon (MWNTs-OX) has attracted considerable attention due to the unique atomic structure, strong cell membrane penetration, specific surface area and low toxicity. It has also been used widely for targeted drug delivery as an ideal nanocomposite. In this paper, a facile one-pot strategy to MWNTs-OX with hyperbranched polyglycerol (PG) by surface-initiated ring-opening polymerization of glycidol was used to form MWNTs-OX-PG. Then, the partial periphery of PG layer was converted to carboxy groups and covalently linked to FA to form MWNTs-OX-PG-COOH-FA. Meanwhile, the properties of MWNTs-OX, MWNTs-OX-PG, MWNTs-OX-PG-COOH and MWNTs-OX-COOH-FA were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and elemental analysis, and the results indicated that MWNTs-OX-PG-COOH-FA preformed excellent dispersity, interface stability and long-term storage. This paper opened up a new strategy to rational design folic acid-functionalized MWNTs-OX-PG multifunctional nanohybrids as biomaterials. Graphical Abstract


To study and research brucella intracellular parasitism mechanism.The test detect the number of intracellular brucellas were described by real-time PCR.Two genes,including B.ovis 019 strain 16S rRNA and mouse RAW264.7 macrophage GAPDH genes,were cloned.Standard curve of two objective genes were described.The infection model of Brucella invading macrophage was built at different stages.The ratio between B.ovis 019 strain 16S rRNA and mouse RAW264.7 macrophage GAPDH genes was detected.The results showed the ratio between 16S rRNA and GAPDH slowly rised during 15 min-1 h after infection.However,the ratio rapidly rised during 1~4 h,which conveyed us the number of intracellular pathogen was significantly enhanced.