a most difficult challenge to business econ omists analyzing national and regional ac tivity. This article discusses the construction of composite indexes of leading indicators for local market areas and presents the re sults of tests of the effectiveness of the latter in predicting cyclical turning points for a group of local areas. The results show that such composite indexes represent a poten tially significant forecasting device for sub national economies.


Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) play a crucial role in improving the coverage and efficiency of millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication systems for Internet of Things (IoT) networks by enhancing signal strength and reducing interference. However, to fully exploit their potential, mathematical models and optimization algorithms are needed to optimize the RIS configuration and control. In this work, we present a mathematical model and optimization algorithm for RIS-aided mmWave communication systems. This paper proposes a mathematical model to capture the effects of RISs on mmWave communication channels, including equations for channel estimation and prediction. We also develop an opti-mization problem to maximize the system throughput, along with a model for optimizing the RIS phase shift using the alternating projection phase shift algorithm. The power allocation algorithm for the mmWave base station is presented using the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) approach. Finally, we perform simulations to validate the proposed solution and compare it with ideal and random phase shift solutions. The results show that our proposed solution performs close to the ideal solution, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed mathematical model and optimization algorithm.


Geriatric Health Personnel Training Act - Amends the Public Health Service Act (Health Research and Teaching Facilities and Training of Professional Health Personnel) to authorize the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare to grant $500,000 for each of six schools of medicine to assist in the establishment and operation of departments of geriatrics. Authorizes the Secretary to make grants to assist schools of medicine in the establishment and operation of continuing education programs in geriatrics for physicians. Authorizes the appropriation of $2,500,000 for fiscal year 1978, and $5,000,000 for each of the next three fiscal years to enable the Secretary to make grants to schools of medicine to assist in developing and conducting training programs designed to prepare armed forces veterans, with appropriate experience as paramedical personnel, to serve as medical assistants in long-term health care facilities. Authorizes the Secretary to make grants and enter into contracts with public or nonprofit colleges and universities for the development of graduate programs for nurses in geriatrics and gerontology. Amends the National Labor Relations Act to make it an unfair labor practice for an employer to discharge or otherwise discriminate against an employee who has testified before any congressional committee or any governmental agency or department.


Cubic GaN, AlxGa1–xN/GaN multiple quantum wells and quaternary AlxGayIn1–x–yN layers were grown by plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy on 3C-SiC substrates. Using the intensity of a reflected high energy electron beam as a probe optimum growth conditions of c-III nitrides were found, when a 1 monolayer Ga coverage is formed at the growing surface. Clear RHEED oscillations during the initial growth of AlxGa1–xN/GaN quantum wells were observed. X-ray diffraction measurements of these quantum well structures show clear satellite peaks indicating smooth interfaces. Growth of quaternary AlxGayIn1–x–yN lattice matched to GaN were demonstrated. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


The accrual of urban forest amenities and the estimation of these benefits is an essential step in the process of preserving and expanding urban forest resources. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that these benefits, specifically decreased cooling costs, can be effectively estimated using a mixed methodological approach that combines remotes sensing technologies with standard statistical analysis. This study tests the relationship between urban forest leaf area index (LAI) and household energy usage in summer 2001 in a mid-sized city. Results indicate an inverse relationship between LAI and energy usage, signifying that as LAI increases, energy usage decreases. This study could be used by urban planners and others to promote urban forests, justify urban forest projects, and assess the outcomes current policy.


AbstractIn this paper, a data-driven structural health monitoring (SHM) approach is proposed to conduct in situ evaluation of the structural health state, i.e., damage location and extent, in which...


The present invention discloses a method and a preparation method of the adhesive patch assembly. The assembly may include a release liner and adhesive patch. The patch may comprise a backing and skin contact adhesive. The spacer may also be first and second portions separated by a liner comprising a hinge. The first portion can be positioned to overlap the patch to the backing when the separator is folded along the hinge liner, and the second portion can be positioned to lie in contact with the skin of the patch adhesive below. The method may comprise positioning the patch on the release liner, the patch is positioned such that the isolation of the liner first portion and said second portion of at least one; and folding the in the release liner of the patch is positioned in the spacer liner between said first portion and second portion.


Measurement techniques used to characterize the uniformly and nonuniformly coupled interconnects in high-speed single-layered and multilayered structures are reported. For an N-line structure, time-domain reflectometer (TDR) measurements can be used to extract all the normal mode parameters of the coupled interconnect system. These include N*(N+1)/2 independent characteristic impedance matrix elements, N eigenvalues representing the normal mode velocities, and a voltage or current eigenvector matrix. The basic excitation response model is shown. For uniformly coupled lines N sets of linearly independent measurements can be made where step waveforms are applied at specified nodes and the response is measured at all the nodes. With a multichannel TDR system it is possible to excite more than one line at a time, e.g. the common and differential modes of a pair of coupled lines. The characteristic impedance matrix elements are evaluated in terms of the generalized reflection coefficient or the scattering matrix elements at the input end in terms of N linearly independent excitations.<<ETX>>


We educed the sunspot preponderance periods are 11a ,51a and 103a by FFT. Compared the sunspot activity periods to the vary segment magnitude earthquake of the west China. Discovered that M_s≥6.5 impact by sunspot periods is little feebleness, but M_s5.0-6. 5 impact by sunspot is more stronger, the preponderance period is 11.4a. The result show us that the periods of M_s≥6.5 and the sunspot preponderance periods exist multiple relations. The period of the M_s5.0-6. 5 is more consistent to the sunspot preponderance periods. There has some relations between energy release from earthquake and sunspot activity by calculated the events from 1950. We analyzed and conclusion that the activity of the sunspot has many impact on vary segment magnitude earthquake's of west China. But the impact is more evidence to medium-strong earthquakes.


Tbe following measurements were carried out: (a) Cross section of elastic scattering in barnsi (E/sub n/ = 2.54 Mev) (b) Cross section of inelastic scattering: (E/sub n/ plus or minus 2.34 Mev) Fe plus or minus 0.90 plus or minus 0.07 b, Cr plus or minus 0.93 plus or minus 0.08 b, and 0.53 Mev level of Pb plus or minus 0.80 plus or minus 0.08 b and 0.805to 0.890 Mev level of Pb plus or minus 1.08 plus or minus 0.10 b. The angular distribution of the neutrons inelastically scattered by Fe, Cr, and the 0.53 Mev level of Pb is isotropic, whereas it is anisotropic for the unresolved levels of 0.805 to 0.890 Mev in Pb. (TCO)


Mesenchymal stem cells(mesenchymal stem cells, MSCs) have the function of self-renewal, multi-differentiation and strong plasticity, which have the potential to differentiation as blood, bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, epidermis, epithelial, nerve tissue, and have been concerned of regenerationthe medical research. Studies have shown that MSCs transplantation can improve the function of the damaged tissue to a variety of injured tissues. The article briefly reviews the hypoxic environment on the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs content and related theory highlights the controversy on the basis of the hypoxia-inducible factor(HIF) pathway on the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs. The article explains the hypoxic environment of MSCs to differentiate into bone, cartilage, adipogenic differentiation into neurons affect. Under physiological conditions in human tissue oxygen tension is much less than atmospheric oxygen tension(21%), hypoxic of MSCs concluded will be closer to the actual MSCs proliferation and differentiation in the human body. Therefore, study MSCs proliferation, differentiation capacity for MSCs can be successfully transplanted into the body and play a role in providing protection in a low oxygen tension environment.


The flooding is the simplest and effective way to disseminate a packet to all nodes in a wireless sensor network (WSN). However, basic flooding makes all nodes transmit the packet at least once, resulting in the broadcast storm problem in a serious case, in turn network resources become severely wasted. Particularly, power is one of the most valuable resources of WSNs as nodes are powered by battery, then the waste of energy by the basic flooding lessens the lifetime of WSNs. In order to solve the broadcast storm problem, this paper proposes a dynamic probabilistic flooding that utilizes the neighbor information like the number of child and sibling nodes. Simulation results show that the proposed method achieves a higher packet delivery ratio with the similar number of duplicate packets as compared to existing schemes.


In this study, FE-BE direct coupling methods of 1D and 2D problems are considered for the pontoon-type floating structure and the difference of the modeling dimensions is investigated for the hydroelastic response. The modeling dimensions are defined as the 1D problem consisting 1D beam-2D fluid coupling and the 2D problem consisting 2D plate-3D fluid coupling with zero-draft assumption. For case studies, hydroelastic responses of the 1D Problem are compared to those of the 2D Problem for a wide range of aspect ratio and regular waves. It is shown that the effects of the elastic behavior are increased by decreasing the incident wavelength, whereas the effects of the rigid behavior are increased by increasing the incident wavelength. In 2D problem, the incident wave angle can be considered, and slightly more accurate results can be obtained, but the computational efficiency is lower. On the other hand, in 1D problem with plate-strip condition, the incident wave angle cannot be considered, but when the aspect ratio is large, the overall responses can be analyzed through a simplified model, and the computational efficiency can be improved.


The evolutionary conserved Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein and SCAR homologue (WASH) complex is one of the crucial multi-protein complexes that facilitate endosomal recycling of transmembrane proteins. In humans, defects in the components of the WASH complex have been associated with inherited developmental and neurological disorders. A recent in vitro study suggested that the WASH complex is also involved in the metabolism of low-density lipoproteins (LDL). Here we show that, in mice, hepatic ablation of the WASH component Washc1 increases plasma concentrations of cholesterol in both LDL and high-density lipoproteins (HDL), without affecting hepatic cholesterol content or hepatic very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) synthesis. Elevated plasma LDL cholesterol was related to reduced hepatic surface levels of the LDL receptor (LDLR) and the LDLR related protein (LRP1). Hepatic WASH ablation also reduced the surface levels of scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-B1) and, concomitantly, selective uptake of HDL-cholesterol into the liver. Our data also suggest that WASH-mediated LDLR recycling depends on the endosomal sorting complexes retriever and retromer, however, these two protein complexes are not required for the endosomal trafficking of SR-B1. Altogether, these findings identify the WASH complex as a regulator of LDL as well as HDL metabolism, and provide evidence for endosomal trafficking of SR-B1 in hepatocytes. Here, we also reveal novel molecular insights into the specific role of the endosomal sorting machinery in cholesterol metabolism. DSCR3/VPS26C deficiency leads to reduced protein expression neither of C16orf62, nor the CCC components COMMD1, CCDC22 and CCDC93. Although DSCR3/VPS26C ablation does not affect the integrity of the CCC complex, our data indicate that in mice DSCR3/VPS26C participates in the CCC/WASH-mediated LDLR recycling, as loss of hepatic DSCR3/VPS26C increases plasma LDL-C. However, SR-BI-mediated hepatic HDL-C uptake does not rely on DSCR3/VPS26C, as we have found for WASH and CCC. These results suggest that DSCR3/ VPS26C partially participates in the WASH/CCC axis to orchestrate the recycling of cargos, and is probably involved in selective recognition of cargos. However, more research is needed to understand the molecular organization of the endosomal cargo sorting pathways. In conclusion, this study extends our understanding of the mechanistic basis for the increased plasma cholesterol levels in humans with defects in WASH, the CCC complex, retromer and retriever, and appeals for extra medical attention to plasma lipid levels and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in patients showing mutations in components of these endosomal multi-protein sorting complexes.


Contents Introduction: The New International History Meets the New Cultural History: Public Diplomacy and U.S. Foreign Relations PART I:Public Diplomacy as International History Chapter 1: The Anomaly of the Cold War: Cultural Diplomacy and Civil Society Since 1850 Chapter 2: The Problem of Power in Modern Public Diplomacy: The Netherlands Information Bureau and the United States in World War II and the Early Cold War Chapter 3: Ethnicity, Security, and Public Diplomacy: Irish-Americans and Ireland's Neutrality in World War II- Chapter 4: Hollywood, Tourism, and Dictatorship: Samuel Bronston's Special Relationship with the Franco Regime, 1957-73 Chapter 5: Supranational Public Diplomacy: The Evolution of the UN Department of Public Information and the Rise of Third World Advocacy Chapter 6: Transnational Public Diplomacy: Assessing Salvadoran Revolutionary Efforts to Build U.S. Public Opposition to Reagan's Central American Policy PART II: The United States and Public Diplomacy Chapter 7: Foreign Relations as Domestic Affairs: The Role of the "Public" in Postwar American Public Diplomacy Chapter 8: Crisis Management and Missed Opportunities: U.S. Public Diplomacy and the Creation of the Third World, 1947-50 Chapter 9: Film as Public Diplomacy: The USIA's Cold War at Twenty-Four Frames per Second Chapter 10: Mediating Public Diplomacy: Local Conditions and U.S. Public Diplomacy in Norway in the 1950s Chapter 11: Domestic Politics and Public Diplomacy: Appalachian Cultural Exhibits and the Changing Nature of U.S. Public Diplomacy, 1964-72 Chapter 12: Networks of Influence: U.S. Exchange Programs and Western Europe in the 1980s Giles Scott-Smith


After studies of B.Sc. (biology; physiology) at the Laval University, M.Sc. (clinical sciences; endocrinologie) and a pH.D. (clinical sciences; endocrinology) at the Sainte-Justine Hospital, complex affiliated with the faculty of medical sciences of the University of Montreal, Dr. Julie Lafond worked in the Research center of the Maisonneuve-Rosemont hospital, center affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Montreal (placental physiology), and ten months at the Department (...)


Transparent luminescent Y2.9Ce0.1Al5O12 (YAG:Ce3+) phosphor films (PFs) with thickness of 4.30 μm and homogeneous grain size about 80 nm were successfully synthesized by a facile sol–gel method via 40 layers deposition process on quartz substrate. The crystallization, morphology, and optical properties of the as-prepared samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, spectroffluorophotometry, and absolute photoluminescence quantum yield (QY) measurement system. The as-synthesized YAG:Ce3+ PFs exhibited high transparency, broad absorb peaks at blue-light range and excellent photoluminescence performance with a QY of 47% at 457 nm excitation, which could be used in solid-state lighting and display system applications.


Objective: Purpose to improve the acquaintance about diffuse Bronchiolo-alveolar Carcinoma(DBAC),and make a correct diagnosis at the early stage, so that decrease the misdiagnosing. Method: Retrospectively analyzed the CT misdiagnosing about 15 cases of diffuse Bronchioloalveolar Carsinama(DBAC).Result: Among these misdiagnosing cases,6 were misdiagnosed as pneumonia,7 were mis-diagnosed as tuberculosis, 2 were misdiagnosed as silicosis. Conclusion: Though CT finding of early-stage of diffuse bronchioloalveolar carcinoma showed no particularity, but improve the acquaintance about diffuse Bronchioloalveolat Carcinoma(DBAC) and using some related method is helpful to correct diagnosis.


The Chern number is often used to distinguish different topological phases of matter in two-dimensional electron systems.A fast and efficient coupling-matrix method is designed to calculate the Chern number in finite crystalline and disordered systems.To show its effectiveness,we apply the approach to the Haldane model and the lattice Hofstadter model,and obtain the correct quantized Chern numbers.The disorder-induced topological phase transition is well reproduced,when the disorder strength is increased beyond the critical value.We expect the method to be widely applicable to the study of topological quantum numbers.


Efficient photoelectrocatalytic water splitting is essential for the efficient utilization of abundant solar energy. To propose distributed H2 production units for large-scale spreading over vast n...


Abstract : A program was conducted to establish a process for the production of useful sizes of optically transparent ceramic armor. The program concentrated on the scale-up of transparent magnesia sheets to 8 x 8 inches. Significant effort was spent in raw material evaluation, mixing of powders, scaling-up the vacuum hot pressing, annealing the hot pressed discs, polishing and coating the magnesia surfaces and bonding magnesia sheets together. The result was a process for fabricating large scale discs of magnesia. A production evaluation was made in which 122 discs were fabricated. The yield of optically transparent magnesia discs averaged 35%. Most rejects were caused by gases in the powder leaving clustered microvoids which resulted in hazy areas. This series optical defect appeared to be related to powder variances, all of which are not understood at this time. Density, purity, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, hardness number, total light transmission, haze and ballistic properties of finished magnesia material were determined. (Author)


The present invention relates to a method of removing an HIFU interference signal. The method of the present invention is characterized by transmitting ultrasonic image signals while transmitting at least two HIFU signals out of phase, receiving ultrasonic signals including reflected HIFU signals and ultrasonic image signals when at least two HIFU signals and ultrasonic image signals are reflected from an object, summing the received ultrasonic signals, and removing basic frequency components and harmonic frequency components from HIFU signals in the received ultrasonic signals. The method of the present invention may acquire a monitor image from which HIFU interference is removed regardless of an HIFU length because a pulse inversion technique is used.


pondence, edited expertly by Bernard Duchatelet, relates how their relationship waxed and waned over thirty of the most tumultuous years of the twentieth century. Rolland gained notoriety during the First World War for the stance he adopted in Au-dessus de la mêlée (Paris: Ollendorff, 1915), whereas Duhamel served as a surgeon in a field ambulance, an experience he related in his Goncourt prize-winning book, Civilisation (Paris: Mercure de France, 1918). In August 1932, he summed up his own position: 'Pour le médecin que je suis, il n'y a qu'une guerre. [...] Des centaines d'hommes sont morts entre mes mains; des flots de sang ont passé sur mes mains' (p. 266). Both men were anti-war, and worked towards a solution by rallying international intellectual commitment. The big difference was that Rolland went on to support the Soviet Union: 'La Révolution russe représente le plus grand effort social, le plus puissant, le plus fécond de l'Europe moderne. [...] À son secours!' (p. 14). Duhamel would be much more circumspect: pressed by Rolland to join the 'Congrès mondial contre la guerre impérialiste' (1932), he agreed to sign solely because of their friendship. Yet Duchatelet shows how complicated the picture became between the two writers, a complication that concerns Marie Koudacheva, the woman whom Duhamel had met during his visit to Moscow in 1927, and who, from 1931, joined Rolland in Switzerland. This changed the relationship between the two for good: in Duhamel's eyes, 'elle est "l'intrigante révolutionnaire russe" envoyée pour circonvenir et faire basculer Rolland plus nettement du côté de Moscou' (pp. 18–19). Duhamel confided to his diary (published for the first time in 1983) that his fears surrounding Marie's influence had been borne out: 'Insensiblement sa position change, il multiplie les appels pro-soviétiques, les témoignages. Il se rallie, comme on dit par là' (p. 264). From this time on, theirs would be a difficult friendship. The greatest shock came in 1943 when Rolland (as he revealed in his diary) explained why Duhamel had not sent him a copy of his latest novel, Suzanne et les jeunes hommes (Paris: Mercure de France, 1941): Marie had discovered that a character in that novel — Chérouvier — closely resembled him. Rolland was outraged: 'la vilenie de l'affaire consiste à représenter le personnage d'une femme slave et de l'or de Moscou, se reniant du jour au lendemain' (p. 318). Soon, Rolland would be dead, unreconciled to his friend. This is an intriguing volume: not only does it reveal how each writer reacted to the other's books, but it also affords a new insight into the differences of approach of Rolland and Duhamel — who had had so much in common — to the crisis of humanism that taxed intellectuals after 1918.


Far infra-red, mm and sub-mm astronomy requires very large arrays of detectors for future wide field cameras and spectrometers. We present an array of lens-antenna coupled Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKID) for a wide field camera at 350 GHz.
We discuss the optimization to maximize the usable detector yield and matching the array to the readout to enable array performance close to the background limit. We overview the optical characterization techniques required to have confidence in the instrument performance prior to on telescope integration, finally giving measured optical performance for an optimized array.


This study has been done to evaluate the antibacter ial effect and chemical constituents of black pine essence (Pinus nigra). Leaf sampling was conducted factorial where the first factor included areas, the second factor bacteria and the third factor concentrations in a randomized com plete block design with three replications in Octob er, 2012. Leaf samples were collected from three provinces of Arda bil, Gilan and Tehran and after drying; their essen ce were extracted by water distillation using Clevenger app aratus. Essence compounds were identified by gas chromatograph connected to a mass spectrometer, it showed significant differences between the province s in terms of oil yields. To investigate the antibacterial properties of the plant, three E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis was used and then they were con Mueller Hinton agar the culture medium . The extracted essence was prepared at four concentratio ns of 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%, using Dimethyl sulfox ide and was added to the culture medium by well method. Hal os were formed after 48 hours around the wells that indicated the lack of bacterial growth. The halos were clearl y observed in the E.coli and Enterococcus faecalis bacteria. But they were not observed around the wells of Staphylo coccus aureus. The maximum inhibitory effect of bla ck pine essence was on the Enterococcus faecalis bacteria a nd it had little effect on E.coli but did not show any effect on Staphylococcus aureus. Results showed that black pi ne essence had the highest anti-bacterial effect on the E.coli and Enterococcus faecalis in concentration of 100% and the lowest was in the concentration 40%.


Abstract In the present work a brief introduction on multisyringe flow injection analysis (MSFIA) is carried out, including a description of the main characteristics of the system, advantages and inconveniences against other flow techniques, historical evolution and its different ways of performing. Keywords: Multisyringe flow injection analysis, MSFIA. Introduction Since segmented flow analysis, proposed by Skeggs 1 , which can be considered as the first flow technique, different variants have appeared, such as flow injection analysis 2 (FIA), sequential injection analysis 3 (SIA) and multicommuted flow injection analysis 4 (MCFIA) 5 , each of them offering several advantages and inconveniences described in a critical review published in Talanta 6 . The most recent flow technique is the so-called multisyringe flow injection analysis (MSFIA), which was conceived with the aim to compile all the advantages of the former techniques, i.e., sampling rate of FIA, robustness, versatility and reagent saving of SIA, speed of the commutation valves of MCFIA, etc.


An attempt was made to prepare the polymer fractions having extremely sharp molecular weight distribution (MWD), by using a successive solutional fractionation (SSF) method, in which a polymer-lean phase was separated as a fraction from a polymer-rich phase. For this purpose a large-scale preparative SSF apparatus was constructed. Atactic polystyrene (PS) high-density polyethylene (PE), and cellulose di- and tri-acetates (CDA and CTA) were fractionated by SSF. The fractions isolated from a quasi-binary mixture (polymer/solvent system) have the same MWD as that predicted by the computer simulation technique. Even under the conventional fractionation conditions (initial polymer volume fraction vop = ∼ 0.01, total number of fractions nt = 10 ∼ 20) the fractions with the ratio of the weight to number-average molecular weight Mw/Mn less than 1.1 for PS, 1.2 for PE, 1.3 for CDA and 1.4 for CTA were obtained, with exception of a few initial fractions. The advantage of the SSF method was clarified over the conventional preparative methods such as gel permeation chromatography and the column fractionation method.


TODAY physicians accept machines as a desirable part of medical practice and use them to care for patients throughout the United States. Such was not always the case. Medical technology has been widely used only since the early 20th century. 1,2 Many turn-of-the-century machines found their way into the growing number of hospitals. 3-5 Perhaps the machines that had the greatest impact were those that revealed parts of the human body previously hidden from view, such as the x-ray machine, or made visible otherwise imperceptible actions of the body, such as the electrocardiograph. This article examines how the x-ray machine became a part of routine patient care at the Pennsylvania Hospital, Philadelphia, between 1897 and 1927, and compares that process with the introduction of the electrocardiograph. It differs from most previous historical analysis of medical technology by focusing on how these instruments were actually used, not on how they were


This article examines Amanda Coogan's Floats in the Aether (2018-19) in relation to 'home rule', broadly interpreted to encompass the agitation for Irish women's citizenship and autonomy. Between November 2018 and January 2019 Irish performance artist Amanda Coogan staged performances with 100 women and girls responding to the exhibition Markievicz: Portraits and Propaganda. This was the first performance artwork commissioned by the National Gallery of Ireland (NGI). The exhibition and Coogan's commission marked the centenary of women's suffrage (1918), the election of Constance Markievicz (1868-1927) to British House of Parliament (1918), and the formation of the first Dáil (1919). A revolutionary feminist, socialist and republican, Markievicz was an enigmatic figure who, as an artist, carefully crafted images of herself using performative photography to construct a public persona. Floats in the Aether included secondary school students, the Dublin Theatre of the Deaf, a choir and sitting female parliamentarians including two former Tánaistí, Cabinet Ministers and TDs. This essay argues that Coogan's performances, situated at the intersection of historical and institutional critiques, offer new perspectives on 'home rule' with regards to Irish women's history, gendered spaces and the struggle for gender equality.


There is an increasing high demand and preference for imported machined products to locally machined ones. It seems that this general and lingering drift away from homemade ones is as a result of the perceived high degree of surface roughness of the locally machined products. This study seeks to use designed experiment to determine the controllable cutting variables that best minimize surface roughness of some selected machined workpiece materials. Split-plot design matrix, fashioned to the Montgomery 2-level factorial design, was used to generate our experimental data. Again, Fisher-Yate's analysis approach was used to develop a model that generated a response surface roughness of 1.15µm. Also, Taguchi optimality array model was used to validate the output of the model whose specified range of values lie between 0.9µm and 1.3µm. Moreover, a number of null hypotheses averring lack of differential treatment for workpiece materials, tool type, depth of cut, on the one hand, and absence of interaction for each case of rake angle, depth of cut and feed rate, within tool type, on the other, were rejected at a p-value of 0.05, suggesting that the foregoing listed process parameters are critical to the minimization of surface roughness of machined workpiece material. The method proposed in this study seems robust and first rate.


Under NPG, public managers have been commissioned to seek out new imaginative ways of creating public value. One such new perspective is the business model concept, which has become a useful stepping stone towards building new strategic tools for public entrepreneurship. The problem is that the business model concept needs to be adapted to remain useful in the public sector. This research synthesises insights from business modelling, public entrepreneurship and public value literature into a set of theoretical constructs that lay out a framework for understanding and discussing public business models, which I propose to be reformulated as mission models. The major contribution of this paper is the mission model canvas, which is a visualisation tool for public managers to find better ways of achieving their organisational missions. The value of this conceptual framework originates from making public value and policy-making more tangible using the business model concept. Future research would include further validation and testing of the framework within suitable public contexts.


The yellow (CH3NH3)4PbI6•2H2O(P21/n, a = 10.421(3) A, b = 11.334(2) A, c = 10.668(2) A, β = 91.73(2)°, Z = 2) contains isolated PbI64− octahedra, CH3NH3+ cations of two types and H2O molecules. The cations and the water molecules are hydrogen-bonded to form units arranged in centrosymmtric pairs; the centres of these composite units and the Pb atoms form a distorted NaCl-type lattice. The Pb—I bond lengths in the PbI64− anions are compared with those in [Pb(II)I6]e complexes containing shared I atoms and the effect of the sharing on the bond lengths is discussed. A scheme is proposed for the extensive three-dimensional hydrogen bonding in the structure.


In this paper, we construct the convergence sequences on b2 metric spaces and prove that mappings satisfying the φ contractions have the unique common fixed point, and the conclusion we obtained generalized many results on 2 metric spaces.


Background: Trichomoniasis is the most common curable sexually transmitted disease worldwide, suspected of increasing the risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine influence of trichomoniasis on pregnancy outcome, detect the rate of trichomoniasis during pregnancy and to identify the risk factors of trichomoniasis. Patients and Methods: Vaginal swabs were obtained from 200 pregnant females with a gestational age of 13 to 40 weeks calculated according to the last menstrual cycle. Clinical examination, vaginal discharge wet mount, Giemsa stain, and culture in modified Diamond's media were performed. Metronidazole treatment was given for all positive cases. Patients were advised to encourage their partners to receive the same treatment. Sociodemographic information was collected, and cases were divided into two groups, the study group (infected) and the control group (not infected). Pregnancy outcome (full term delivery, preterm labor, premature membrane rupture, low birth weight infants) was assessed according to the elapsed time from the first sonogram to the week of delivery.


Mass effects in weak-decay rates of heavy particles are computed. A natural explanation of the experimental D/sup +/ semileptonic branching ratio arises when mass and quantum-chromodynamic corrections are both taken into account. The experimental results on semileptonic branching ratio of b-flavored B mesons allows the prediction of the lifetime ratio tau(B/sup -/)/tau(B-bar/sup 0/)< or =3.5 in a model-independent way.


During the 2012 season, there were several reports of crop damage to Mitika oats, particularly in Victoria. The damage became apparent following application of Prosaro ® 420 SC or Folicur ® 430 SC. It is possible that the Mitika variety may have increased sensitivity to tebuconazole, although we are conducting further testing to determine whether any other factors may be relevant. As a result, we will be submitting for a label change to advise of the potential for crop damage in Mitika oats from the application of Prosaro or Folicur. We advise that the disease control benefits of using Prosaro or Folicur in Mitika oats should be balanced against the risk of crop damage.


Photoinduced gatings were established in nominally undoped and iron-doped strontium barium niobate, SrxBa1-xNb2O6, x=0.60 (SBN:60), using a single, frequency doubled pulse from a Q-switched and mode locked Nd:YAG laser.


In 2002 the Czech Republic and Germany experienced devastating flooding on the Labe-Elbe river system. Stream heights were reached which had not been experienced for centuries. Late in 2003 Chas Keys of the NSW State Emergency Service spent several days in Aue and Dresden, in the German state of Saxony, and in Prague talking to mayors, hydrologists, emergency managers and people who had bee caught in the flooding. He reports on his findings.


In this paper, analysis is mad to expound the effect of converting to burning low-quality residual fue1 oils on theoperating characteristic of G6300ZC marine diesel engine, and effective technical measures taken for the engine and itsassociated systems to suit converted burning of residual fuels, as proceeding from application, are presented.


This study on the importance and satisfaction of selection attributes for customers using Michelin restaurants. The survey was conducted on 309 respondents who had visited and used restaurants by classifying the Michelin restaurants into starred restaurants and Bib Gourmand restaurants. The data was collected and the frequency analysis, t-test verification, and IPA analysis were performed using the SPSS 25.0 statistical program. The results of the study examined the difference between the importance and satisfaction of the choice of starred restaurants. Overall, the importance was higher than satisfaction. The importance of hygiene and cleanliness was recognized by many customers that the expectation for the overall Starred restaurants was very high. Bib Gourmand, showed that the importance was higher than satisfaction. In terms of importance and satisfaction, the taste of food is the most important and the satisfaction is high. Comparing the IPA analysis of the attributes of 1) hygiene and cleanliness, food quality, convenience, and facade of food, 2) service professionalism and variety of menus, 3) food price, atmosphere and amount, and 4) the attitude and kindness of the employees were shown. This study has great significance in providing practical basic data for the management of domestic Michelin restaurants.


The study of synchronization techniques and related topics in the design of high data rate, deep space, optical communication systems was reported. Data cover: (1) effects of timing errors in narrow pulsed digital optical systems, (2) accuracy of microwave timing systems operating in low powered optical systems, (3) development of improved tracking systems for the optical channel and determination of their tracking performance, (4) development of usable photodetector mathematical models for application to analysis and performance design in communication receivers, and (5) study application of multi-level block encoding to optical transmission of digital data.


Even the strongest need protection. In order to protect steel and non-ferrous alloy components against oxidation and surface decarburisation, the heat treatment that determines their properties is carried out under protective or reactive gas. Successful protection depends, not least, on the type of gas that is used: today's customary high standards of quality can now barely be met with conventional exogas. With the Endolin gas mixtures from Messer, however, you will always be on the safe side.


Jayanti's algorithm is one of the best known abortable mutual exclusion algorithms. This work is an attempt to overcome an already known limitation of the algorithm while preserving its all important properties and elegance. The limitation is that the token number used to assign process identification number to new incoming processes is unbounded. We have used a suitably adapted alternative data structure, in order to completely eliminate the use of token number, in the algorithm. Keywords—Abortable, deterministic, local spin, mutual exclusion.


Basically, development is not only about material aspect, but also human aspect. It needs other indicators to achieve welfare. Happiness can be used as a tool to achieve welfare. The rise in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) must be balanced by the increase of Gross National Happiness (GNH). The indicators of GNH are: (1) Life security such as sufficient piece of land, permanent house, and enough food; (2) Physical and mental health; (3) Supportive family where a person lives with all family member, has a job, and there is compassion and understanding; (4) Strong community, (5) Good environment including prosperous land, enough water, animals, free poison area, street, drinking water, electricity; (6) Freedom including ability to do something without harm others, free from debt; (7) Self-pride including including succeed family, successful career; (8) Access to dharma; comprise of peaceful life, self-content, and help others. From the result of GNH scale testing, the coefficient alpha was obtained at 0.791. From testing 47 items, there were 31 valid items. These items were developed from GNH indicators. These indicators actually had been discussed in seminar on GNH at the Asian Institute of Technology. Overall these items are able to be implemented in Indonesia.


The rheological property (τ-γ curve) and vis coelasticity of sludge of waste yeast were measured by using rheometrics RFSⅡ rheometer. The results showed that the sludge had viscoelasticity and the rheological property of was curvable and was diffferent from all the time-independent fluids (Newtonian, pseudoplastic, dilatant, Bingham, yield pseudoplastic and yield dilatant). The temperature ranged from 25 ℃ to 35 ℃, especially ranged from 28 ℃ to 35 ℃, had significant effect on the rheological properties of the sludge, i.e., the apparent viscosity and elasticity increased with the temperature.


There has been a wide-ranging discussion on the issue of content copyright protection in digital content distribution systems. Fiat and Tassa proposed the framework of dynamic traitor tracing. Their framework requires dynamic computation transactions according to the real-time responses of the pirate, and it presumes real-time observation of content redistribution. Therefore, it cannot be simply utilized in an application where such an assumption is not valid. In this paper, we propose a new scheme that provides the advantages of dynamic traitor tracing schemes and also overcomes their problems.


[Objective]Many SNP sites regarding the growth of grass carp were screened to provide a theoretical reference for grass carp molecular breeding.[Method]Primers were designed from CPA4 gene cDNA sequences belonging to digestive enzymes from EST database of grass carp.cDNA sequences,expected to contain SNP sites,were amplified and sequenced by direct sequencing of PCR product,and new SNP sites were also targeted.[Result]It was found that expected SNP sites didn't exist.Two nucleotide mutations were identified in 40th and 241th basic group of intron 3 by using direct sequencing and blasting,which were named as 40G and G241T.The polymorphisms were genotyped by CRS-RFLP methods.The percentage of AA,AG,and GG genotype in A40G site was recorded as 50.3,23.8 and 25.9%,respectively.The percentage of GG,GT,and TT genotype in G241T was recorded as 48.6,47.9,and 3.5%,respectively.A general linear model(GLM) was used to statistically analyze the relationship between two SNP sites and major growth traits.The result indicated that in A40G site individuals from GG genotype were higher than AA and AG genotype in terms of body weight,length and height,however,there was no significant difference(P0.05).In G241T site,individuals from TT genotype were the heaviest,and the ones from GG genotype were the lightest,but there was no significant difference(P0.05).There was no significant difference in body weight,length and height etc.of 7 douple-type individuals from A40G and G241T.[Conclusion]Two SNP sites found in intron 3(A40G G241T) from the CPA4 gene in grass carp were divided into three genotypes,nevertheless,various genotypes of the two SNP sites and their double types were not significantly associated with essential growth indices of grass carp.


In order to further optimize the allocation of innovative resources, improve innovation efficiency, and fully tap regional development potential, this paper uses DEA's three-phase model to evaluate the innovation efficiency of ten cities in Shaanxi Province from the perspective of input and output, and on the other hand, it analyzes the changing trends and differences in time and regional innovation efficiency. The research results show that comprehensive technical efficiency is greatly affected by the scale effect, and the scaled efficiency is often underestimated in more developed cities such as Xi'an. Overvalued cities are relatively underdeveloped, such as Ankang and Tongchuan. The influence of environmental factors is greater. Keywords—Regional; DEA three-phase model; Innovation efficiency; Input and output


This study aims to determine Curie point depth (CPD), Heat flow and the boundaries of geological structures of Cyprus Island using EMAG2 magnetic data. CPD values were calculated by applying spectral analysis technique to magnetic anomaly map divided into 60 blocks (60x60 km2). Then, different thermal conductivity values (K=1, 1.5 and 2.5 Wm–1 K–1) and heat flow values were calculated using CPD values.  CPD values ranged from 12.4 km to 28.18 km, and heat flow values were calculated between 20 and 50 mW/m2 for K=1.  Shallow CPD values (CPD< 15km) were calculated in Polis, Morphou Bay, in the area between Larnaca and Famagusta and north of Kyrenia. Heat flow values are relatively high in these areas which can be researched in detail in terms of potential geothermal. In the final phase of the study, the boundaries of buried geological structures were determined by Analytic Signal (AS), Total Horizontal Derivative (THDR) and Tilt angle (TA) methods. Moho depth, Curie-Moho difference, 2D cross-correlation map of Moho and Curie depths and Earthquake distribution map are used for interpretation of the tectonic regime. Moho-Curie difference is roughly 0 and the 2D cross-correlation map produces higher (0.60-0.75) values in the southern part of the study area which might be evaluated as a passive crust. It is possible to say that few earthquakes are observed where the difference is around 0.


We report the design and characterization of arrays of compact, energy efficient, multi- and single-mode GaAs-based 850 nm vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) and complementary p-i-n photodiodes (PDs) for 25 to 40 Gb/s optical interconnection applications in computing and data communications. Using foundry service epitaxial growth and processing we obtain over 50k operational devices from each 76.2 mm-diameter wafer. Using randomly selected on-wafer-probed, individually-probed, and packaged VCSEL and PD dice for single-channel link tests we consistently achieve record error-free operation (defined as a bit error ratio (BER) of less than 1x10-12) at 25 Gbit/s over up to 500 m of OM3 multimode optical fiber. We use our high speed VCSELs to characterize our high speed PDs and vice versa, and achieve open optical eye diagrams at up to 40 Gbit/s (© 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


The sum frequency (SF) vibrational spectrum in the C−H stretching region of a comb copolymer, cetyl dimethicone copolyol (CDC), consisting of a poly(dimethylsiloxane) backbone and grafted poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and cetyl side chains has been recorded after deposition on a gold-coated substrate. Resonant assignment of the SF spectrum of CDC has been achieved by examining the spectra of several structural analogues of the polymer. Since sum frequency generation is dependent upon both infrared and Raman activity, assignment of the SF spectrum of CDC was aided by recording complementary infrared and Raman spectra. Sum frequency resonances attributable to the methyl groups of the polymer backbone and the cetyl side chains of the polymer were observed, implying conformational order of these moieties. Further, it was concluded from the phase of the cetyl resonances that the grafted alkyl chains were oriented away from the polymer/air interface. Conversely, the PEO side chains of CDC were found to be SF inactive.


Preface: A Tribute to Eqbal, by AhmadEmran QureshiIntroduction: Constructing the Muslim Enemy, by Emran Qureshi and Michael A. SellsPart I Palace Fundamentalism and Liberal Democracy, by Fatema MernissiThe Clash of Definitions, by Edward W. SaidThe Clash of Civilizations: Samuel P. Huntington, Bernard Lewis, and the Remaking of the Post-Cold War World Order, by John TrumpbourThe Clash of Civilizations: An Islamicist's Critique, by Roy P. MottahedehAmong the Mimics and Parasites: V. S. Naipaul's Islam, by Rob NixonIslamic and Western Worlds: The End of History or Clash of Civilizations, by Mujeeb R. KhanEurope and the Muslims: The Permanent Crusade?, by Tomaz MastnakThe Myth of Westernness in Medieval Literary Historiography, by Mar a Rosa MenocalIslamophobia in France and the "Algerian Problem", by Neil MacMasterThe Nationalist Serbian Intellectuals and Islam: Defining and Eliminating a Muslim Community, by Norman CigarChrist Killer, Kremlin, Contagion, by Michael A. SellsContributorsIndex


Volvox barberi is a multicellular green alga forming spherical colonies of 10,000–50,000 differentiated somatic and germ cells. We observed that in culture, these colonies actively self‐organized in just a few minutes into "flocks" that contained as many as 100 colonies moving and rotating collectively for hours. The colonies in flocks formed two‐dimensional, irregular, active crystals, that is, geometric lattices within which individual colonies rotated separately. These groupings sometimes disassembled back into individual colonies just as quickly, but in some cases, flocks persisted over several hours. Close inspection of flock formation in the presence of a tracer dye suggested that colony and flock rotations were producing vortices in the fluid medium over a range spanning multiple flock diameters, perhaps providing a physical mechanism for aggregation.


We show that ~1 Hz magnetic compressional waves observed in Mercury's inner magnetosphere could be interpreted as ion‐Bernstein waves in a moderate proton beta ~0.1 plasma. An observation of a proton distribution with a large planetary loss cone is presented, and we show that this type of distribution is highly unstable to the generation of ion‐Bernstein waves with low magnetic compression. Ray tracing shows that as these waves propagate back and forth about the magnetic equator; they cycle between a state of low and high magnetic compression. The group velocity decreases during the high‐compression state leading to a pileup of compressional wave energy, which could explain the observed dominance of the highly compressional waves. This bimodal nature is due to the complexity of the index of refraction surface in a warm plasma whose upper branch has high growth rate with low compression, and its lower branch has low growth/damping rate with strong compression. Two different cycles are found: one where the compression maximum occurs at the magnetic equator and one where the compression maximum straddles the magnetic equator. The later cycle could explain observations where the maximum in compression straddles the equator. Ray tracing shows that this mode is confined within ±12° magnetic latitude which can account for the bulk of the observations. We show that the Doppler shift can account for the difference between the observed and model wave frequency, if the wave vector direction is in opposition to the plasma flow direction. We note that the Wentzel‐Kramers‐Brillouin approximation breaks down during the pileup of compressional energy and that a study involving full wave solutions is required.


To assess whether the joint effects of water and sanitation infrastructure, are acting antagonistically (redundant services preventing the same cases of diarrhoeal disease), independently, or synergistically; and to assess how these effects vary by country and over time.


The graph coloring problem is the problem of partitioning the vertices of a graph into the smallest possible set of independent sets. Since it is a well-known NP-Hard problem, it is of great interest of the computer science finding results over exact algorithms that solve it. The main algorithms of this kind, though, are scattered through the literature. In this paper, we group and contextualize some of these algorithms, which are based in Dynamic Programming, Branch-and-Bound and Integer Linear Programming. The algorithms for the first group are based in the work of Lawler, which searches maximal independent sets on each subset of vertices of a graph as the base of his algorithm. In the second group, the algorithms are based in the work of Brelaz, which adapted the DSATUR procedure to an exact version, and in the work of Zykov, which introduced the definition of Zykov trees. The third group contains the algorithms based in the work of Mehrotra and Trick, which uses the Column Generation method.


An important part of the implementation of the mining reform in the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th – early 20th century became the eminent domain of state-owned mining plants located in the Kingdom of Poland. This process was prepared in the 1860s and began with the sale of Starachowice factories in 1870. Later it was integrated into the general imperial process, which also covered the Urals, the Caucasus and the Donbass, where the state had its own enterprises. The company for the eminent domain of state-owned mining plants was intermittent and lasted until the beginning of the First World War. During its first phase (1870–1880), when privatization was recognized as the main way of eminent domain, in the Kingdom of Poland, except for the Starachowice plant, the Dabrowa (Huta-Bankowa) and Serock plants were sold. Prevalent in the government circles in the early 1880s, a more cautious approach to the eminent domain of state property led to the approval of the rental method. Since the 1890s the remaining iron and zinc enterprises were leased out. As a result, the state no longer returned to the management of mining plants in the Kingdom of Poland, transferred to private entrepreneurs.


Surface defects are an inevitable problem in the production process of metal workpieces. Computer vision based surface defect detection methods outperform manual inspection methods and are gradually being applied in industrial production. In this paper, we proposed an improved Faster RCNN model for metal workpiece surface defects to tackle the problems of large size variation and many morphological changes in surface defects. Swin Transformer is used as the backbone to enhance the feature extraction ability, and FPN is introduced to carry out multi-scale feature fusion on the feature maps from its four stages. Focal loss is adopted as the classification loss to further improve the detection performance. Experimental results on the NEU-DET dataset show that the proposed model improves the mAP by 4.24% over the Faster RCNN with ResNet50 as its backbone, and the training process converges faster.


The objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of the US dollar exchange rate on oil demand in net importing oil countries of Sub-Saharan Africa. Given that Global real Crude oil prices are exclusively denominated in US dollars, therefore, we tests the hypothesis that, the variation in the dollar exchange rate affect the demand for crude oil in net imported oil countries whose currency, non-US dollars are used to buy petroleum products in the world and domestic market of oil. This important because, when oil prices are at record levels in dollar terms, generally the price of oil in euro lags behind and won't increase until few month later but not in other currencies. We use a multivariate specification of error correction model and test for nonlinearity issues pertaining to the effect of US-dollar exchange rate on oil demand. The results are analyze via the impact of US-Dollars exchange rate on the of terms of trade, firms performances and farm household productivity


Abstract : The overall objective of this audit was to determine whether the US government organizations responsible for managing IRRF projects have developed and approved policies and procedures for transferring the billions of dollars of assets purchased, renovated and constructed with IRRF funds to the Iraqi Government and its citizens. This audit focused specifically on asset recognition and transfer policies and procedures used by two organizations managing IRRF projects, the Gulf Region Division (GRD) of the US Army Corps of Engineers and the Project and Contracting Office (PCO).


In this paper, a bi-iterative minimum-variance distortionless response (MVDR) beamforming technique based on the beamspace preprocessing is proposed to solve two typical problems of the traditional MVDR beamformers in multi-input multi-output (MIMO) radars. Firstly, the omnidirectional power is radiated by traditional MIMO radars, however, the interested target is usually located in a certain spatial area. The unnecessary radiation on other areas will reduce the output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the MVDR beamformer. To solve this problem, a transmit beamspace preprocessing by second order cone programming (SOCP) is utilized to focus the energy in the interested region. Secondly, the MVDR beamformer in MIMO radars usually requires a great number of training samples and very high computation load, since both the transmitted degrees of freedom (DoF) and the received DoF are fully utilized. To tackle with these problems, a bi-iterative MVDR beamforming algorithm is proposed based on the beamspace preprocessing. Simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed beamforming algorithm.


This article develops a model allowing asymmetric information between two bidders in an auction for a common-value object. It supposes that there is a common prior distribution on the object's value and that each bidder receives a private signal conditional on the object's unknown true value. Asymmetry comes about through a difference in the precision of the bidder's signals. Placing a restriction on the nature of this difference, I determine the equilibrium bidding strategies for the first-price and second-price auctions. The strategies are symmetric, and the second-price auction generates a higher seller's expected revenue, a result that extends the well-known revenue-ordering result of symmetric-information auctions. I do, however, provide an example to show that this ordering is not necessarily maintained in a less restricted asymmetric setting. Finally, another example illustrates that the seller may prefer that bidders be asymmetrically informed to releasing information that would reduce the asymmetry.


The Structure‐Function Linkage Database (SFLD; http://sfld.rbvi.ucsf.edu/) is a Web‐accessible database designed to link enzyme sequence, structure, and functional information. This unit describes the protocols by which a user may query the database to predict the function of uncharacterized enzymes and to correct misannotated functional assignments. The information in this unit is especially useful in helping a user discriminate functional capabilities of a sequence that is only distantly related to characterized sequences in publicly available databases. © 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Simple stability conditions are obtained for pulse propagation in a two-level system with linear scattering and combined homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening. Properties of steady-state π and \pi\sqrt{2} area pulses are reviewed. Computer simulation of an approach to equilibrium pulse propagation is presented in a few cases for initially perturbed pulses.


Fairness in AI can be defined as the ability to make fair decisions regarding protected attributes such as gender. In this section, we briefly describe the two of most widely used fairness metrics, which are considered in our experiment (Fair classification). Equality of Opportunity [2] and Equalized Odds [6] measure whether people who need to qualify for an opportunity are likely to have the same opportunity regardless of demographic group. Formally, Equality of Opportunity is defined so that different gender groups have the same true positive rates for the target attribute as follows:


The measurements of diurnal pattern of net photosynthetic rate of Acacia mangium , A .aulacocarpa , A .auriformis , A .holosericea , A .cunninghamii , Eucalyptus camaldulensis , E .exserta ,E .citriodora were carried out in three year old stands in Zulin twonship , Yuanmou County .The net photosynthesis rate in eight species showed the double-peak pattern during the drought period .The maximum of photosynthetic rate appeared at 9 :00 and 15 :00 respectively (A .aulacocarpa , A .auriformis and A .cunninghamii at 17 :00).The minimum appeared at 13 :00 (A .cunninghamii at 15 :00).The photosynthesis patterns in eight species showed significant midday depression caused by the closure of stomata .This midday depression must be one of the adaptation of the plant to the climate of dry-hot valley , regulating the moisture condition in the stand and saving the water for survival .


The light detecting element (1). The device 1 comprises a device formation layer 22 including the well region 31. The surface electrode 25 via an insulating layer 24 formed on the element forming layer 22 is formed. And the region 31 comprises an electron holding region 32. Electron holding region 32 includes a hole holding region 33. An insulating layer (24) comprises a control electrode 26, and the control electrode 26 is opposed to the hole holding region 33 through the insulating layer 24. The electrons and holes produced in the element-formed layer (22). Selected circumstances there are two. In one state, the hole is held in the hole holding region 33, whereas the electrons in the electron holding region 32 is collected by respectively controlling the potential applied to the electrodes (25, 26). In another state, the recombination of electrons and holes. After the recombination, the remaining electrons, which are distinguished as the light receiving output. The optical detection device, the well region, the element-formed layer, an insulating layer, the surface electrode, the electron holding region, the hole holding region, recombination


Summary

One of the main characteristics of spinning reserve (SR) product is the indistinctness of the SR consumers. So the SR cost allocation would be a challenge because of indeterminacy of each customer's share in provided SR. In present frameworks, the independent system operator usually allocates SR costs to different customers based on some predetermined indices, and the SR market clearing outputs are essentially non-applicable for the SR settlement procedure. But in this paper, a new bi-level joint energy and SR markets clearing model is presented to facilitate fair settlement of SR market regarding market clearing results. In the proposed model, the customers have the opportunity to participate in SR market by submitting the Value of Lost Load as their reliability preferences. They compete together in SR market and acquire the desired SR to decrease the imposed curtailed load. Finally, a new SR settlement procedure is proposed based on the presented market clearing model. Detailed results from Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Reliability Test System is presented and discussed to demonstrate the merits of the proposed model. Results show some substantial differences between the proposed and present SR settlement frameworks. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Electromagnetic interference diagnosis method based on CBR(Case-based reasoning) principle for missile system was put forward,which considered the historical fault-missile system and corresponding electromagnetic interference.The CBR model for missile systems was established and the case base was continuously enriched and improved to achieve new electromagnetic interference fault diagnosis and realize the purpose of automatic diagnosis of electromagnetic interference.The purpose was to provide new method for quick diagnosis of electromagnetic interference of missile system.


This paper adds to the "costs of recessions" literature by examining the extent to which the greater economic insecurity (job insecurity or joblessness) of the Great Recession caused working age adults to increase their self-medicating "bad habits" (over-eating, alcohol use, and smoking). Using a difference-in-differences (DD) design, we examine two panels of the Canadian National Population Health Survey, comparing the pre-recession era (2004-05) with the Great Recession (2008-09). Quantile regressions examine how behaviour changes at different points along the outcome distribution, and we extend our DD model to allow the effects to vary across observable characteristics that are typically associated with health and labour market outcomes. Our results suggest the primary response to increased economic stress during the Great Recession was weight gain for affected females a 2 point increase in body mass index, and for older and lower educated males a 3 point increase.


This paper presents the key mechanical properties of PVC fiber-reinforced concrete. Six concrete mixtures were produced using plastic fibers obtained from clear PVC sheets. Three concrete mixtures were made using 20 mm long PVC fibers, whereas the other three were prepared with 40 mm long PVC fibers. The fiber content was varied in the range of 0–1.5 wt.% of cement for each length of fiber. The fresh concrete mixtures were tested for workability in terms of the slump. The hardened concretes were tested for their compressive and splitting tensile strengths, flexural strength and toughness, static elastic modulus, and impact resistance and toughness. The effects of the fiber content and fiber length on the workability and above-mentioned mechanical properties were observed. In addition, the correlations between various mechanical properties were sought. The test results revealed that the workability of concrete was reduced for both fiber lengths as the fiber content increased. The compressive strength, flexural strength and toughness, elastic modulus, and impact resistance and toughness increased at up to 1 wt.% fiber content, then decreased for 1.5 wt.% fibers. A similar trend was also noticed for the splitting tensile strength, particularly in the case of 20 mm long PVC fibers. Compared to the fiber length, the fiber content exhibited a more pronounced effect on the mechanical properties of concrete. The optimum fiber content was 1 wt.%, which produced the best performance in this study. Furthermore, excellent correlations were observed for the tested mechanical properties of concrete, except for splitting tensile strength, which was not well-correlated with compressive strength.


5.4% after TUR-P. However, Nunez et al. reported that the rate of incidental detection of prostate cancer after HoLEP was 11.7%, double that of TUR-P (5.4%). It is generally accepted that HoLEP removes more tissue than TUR-P. Therefore, incidentally detected prostate cancer is not uncommon after HoLEP, and careful handling should be required, especially when HoLEP is carried out for clinically confined prostate cancer. In conclusion, we described the first case of dissemination of prostate cancer following HoLEP. There is a possibility for malignant cells to spread through blood circulation not only after TUR-P, but also after HoLEP. Consequently, this case highlights the importance of screening for prostate cancer before endoscopic therapies, even in elderly patients.


Background Extrathyroidal extension (ETE) is a crucial factor affecting the prognosis of thyroid cancer. Two-dimensional ultrasound is highly sensitive to ETE, but the sensitivity and specificity for severe ETE are unideal, so it does not improve the prognosis. Materials and Methods This retrospective study evaluated patients within three years of subcapsular thyroid cancer diagnosis with fine-needle aspiration (FNA). Routine ultrasound was performed and examined before surgery. In addition to the traditional two-dimensional assessment method, particular attention was paid to transcapsular blood vessels, and the diagnostic efficacy of the two methods for mild, severe, and anterior and posterior ETE was compared. Results A total of 208 thyroid cancer nodules were included. Tumor size and gender were correlated with whether ETE occurred. The general method is more accurate for the overall identification of ETE but is not specific enough for severe ETE, while the transvascular method is the opposite. The two are similar in identifying the ETE of the anterior capsule, but the transvascular method has higher specificity in identifying the ETE of the posterior capsule. Conclusion The traditional two-dimensional method is highly sensitive to ETE detection in the anterior capsule, while transcapsular blood flow can more effectively detect extensive ETE and ETE in the posterior capsule.


The hemodynamic change related to the brain activation can be located by the diffuse optical tomography (DOT) using the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) signals and the spatial sensitivity profiles (SSP). Monte Carlo (MC) method and finite element method (FEM) have been used to predict the SSPs. The computation time for MC method is much longer than that for the FEM, however, the accurate solution in the region close to the light source cannot be obtained by FEM solutions of the diffusion equation. In this study, a hybrid MC-FEM model is proposed for fast and accurate simulation of light propagation in a highly scattering medium. In the hybrid model, the solution in the region close to the light source is calculated by the MC method whereas that in the region far from the light source is calculated by the FEM. The solutions by the FEM in hemispherical models were compared with thoseby the MC method to determine the region in which diffusion approximation does not hold and the number of photons for the MC method for the hybrid model. The results demonstratethat theproposed hybrid model can calculatethe accurate solutionswithin reasonable computation time for a multi-layered model.


In this thesis we present two formal frameworks for modeling modular languages. Following a modular approach, we separate the module and the core level of a modular language. On the linguistic side, this corresponds to deene a kernel module language parametric in the underlying core language. On the semantic side, this corresponds to build a model part (in the sense of institutions), on top of a standard module framework. The standard module framework is a model part, too, satisfying some additional properties and intended as the formal counterpart of the core language. The rst formal framework we propose deals with the notion of state, an essential component of modules in imperative languages. The second one is concerned with a notion of module, called mixin, which includes those of generic module and abstract class. In both cases, we present two canonical constructions yielding a formal framework where models denote modules with state and mixins, respectively, and we deene a set of primitive operations over them. I will hear that play; for never anything can be amiss when simpleness and duty tender it. Preface Large-scale programming was born as an answer to the increasing complexity and size of software systems. Unfortunately, while considerable knowledge has been accumulated on programming in the small, both in the area of language design and implementation and in the area of formal semantics and programming speciication, programming in the large is not as well understood and still rises many challenging issues. At the language level, object oriented programming has introduced innovative and eeective techniques for the decomposition of software. However, in many object oriented languages the important notions of separate compilation and static and dynamic linking have been neglected and, as a matter of fact, software components are not separately typecheckable and compilable. Besides, in most cases, the notions of parametric module and instantiation (typical of the abstract data type modularization style, before the coming of object orientation) have been replaced by those of class and inheritance, giving rise to hotly debated issues between those who advocate object orientation as the right linguistic support for modular decomposition and those who prefer the abstract data type style. As for formal semantics, the algebraic approach to modularization has been successfully exploited for speciication languages, but little work has been done in the eld of programming languages. Here, the task of giving the semantics of each module independently , in …


The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in women of reproductive age ranges from 3% to 7%. Due to the common nature of this condition, it is imperative for nurse practitioners who care for women to understand evidence-based methods of diabetes management. The aim of this article is to describe current screening and diagnostic criteria for type 2 diabetes, discuss current evidence-based management and patient education necessary to prevent long-term complications, and provide the tools for a healthy reproductive plan in women with type 2 diabetes from puberty until menopause. Diabetes management extends well beyond glucose control, and nurse practitioners should be attuned to all factors that can impact cardiovascular risk and quality of life.


This article takes a look at the concept of transference from several contemporary perspectives. It compares the traditional (or classical) view of transference with a more contemporary view based on the joint creation of the transference. It then discusses the relevance of transference to the dynamically based psychotherapies. From this perspective analytically oriented psychotherapy is contrasted to dynamically oriented psychotherapy.


This paper considers the change in teachers' confidence, beliefs, and knowledge with respect to mathematics teaching across a 3-year collaborative intervention, which although planned in a reform-based learning environment, took place as the reforms were rolled back and a new view of curriculum introduced. Of 86 middle school teachers involved at some time during the project only 19 completed both the pre- and post-profiles and of these only 11 had been in the project since its beginning. Teacher change appears more likely to have been related to the length of the time in the program than to the state-wide curriculum changes.


1497 Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Retrieval Number: E7878068519/19©BEIESP Abstract: The cloud gives minimal effort and adaptable IT resources (equipment and programming) over the Internet. Due to the availability of cloud vendors look to drive more prominent business results and the situations of the cloud become increasingly confounded, through which we can sense that the era of the smart cloud has arrived. The smart cloud faces a few difficulties, including upgrading the monetary cloud administration arrangement and adaptively allotting resources. Specifically, there is a developing pattern toward utilizing AI to improve the knowledge of cloud the executives. This article talks about a design of astute cloud resource the executives with deep reinforcement learning based on auto-encoder. The deep reinforcement learning makes clouds naturally and proficiently arranges the most suitable design, legitimately from entangled cloud situations. At long last, we give a guide to assess and close the amazing capacity of the smart cloud with deep reinforcement learning. We used CloudSim for implementation as a result to increase the effectiveness of proposed method.


The invention provides an automatic volume adjustment method and system. The method comprises: monitoring voice in an environment where an intelligent terminal is located; judging whether the voice in the environment is human voice, and lowering the multimedia volume output from an earphone when primarily obtaining the human voice in the environment; judging whether the phonetic feature of the human voice in the environment is matched with a pre-stored user phonetic feature, if so, continuing to keep the lowered multimedia volume output from the earphone, and obtaining the human voice in the environment again through the output of the earphone when obtaining human voice with phonetic feature different from the user phonetic feature in the environment again, and if not, keeping the lowered multimedia volume output from the earphone. By adopting the automatic volume adjustment method provided by the invention, a user can clearly hear people speaking around when wearing the earphone, and the user can communicate with people nearby in language without taking off the earphone, thereby completely liberating the user and bringing better user experience for the user.


China is currently facing great challenges in preventing land from further contamination by industrial activity. We evaluated the current state of business activity supporting the prevention and control of soil pollution through good waste management practice to restrict further soil contamination. The study focused on understanding drivers to improve the development of business activity in both waste management and remediation sectors in China. The status of organizations which manage solid waste and industrial operations providing remediation, professional materials, equipment, and approaches to site management are highlighted. Using questionnaires and a limited number of follow-up interviews, we consulted with remediation practitioners (>100 respondents including construction contracting workers, consultancy, equipment suppliers, and government department employees) working across China. The results identified that the site risk assessment and the wider construction phases for site remediation are typically based on guidelines from government and/or local government. The most frequently used materials for solidification or stabilization during remediation were clay minerals. Local government funds financed most remediation activities. Waste recycling would be a path to further reduce pollution from site development and its application in remediation techniques is possible. In addition to remediation methods, a strategic framework can be employed to provide decision support when assessing sites or decision-making for remediation projects. The priorities for remediation highlight that two types of soil use (arable land and land for construction) should be prioritized for remediation. This evaluation of industry practice provides useful models for wider decision-making in site remediation.


With the tremendous influx of people and consequent urban development, increased anthropogenic activities in the catchment, inflow of untreated sewage, nutrients and pesticides from urban and rural areas, the water quality of Upper Lake, Bhopal has deteriorated significantly. An attempt has been made to study various physico-chemical parameters, specifically nitrates and phosphates of five different sampling sites of Upper Lake and to study the effect of catchment area activities on these sites.


The relationship between the seller and buyer was between his servoci so that a transaction coul take place an intermediary in a land deal is called a broker. The realtor that supplied her service earned her fee, the arrangement of brokers appears in the statute of commerce and the minister of commerce's regulation of the company that regulates the magnitude of the broker fee minimal is a 2% and maksimal 5%. But, the regulations can only apply to certified broker, as for the uncertified broker we refer to as the trandisional broker to run the broker function and set it on outside the prevailing rules.
For unswer the problem using a normative law research method by using a legals approach and othe regulation to answer about the urgency of a policy on the deployment to a broker. According to the tittle of this post is the urgency ot the brokerage rules in the land deal because if it is not established immediately, it will result in uncontrolled land price or demage to the seller the point of sale to be low after being deducated with the cost of notary, clas tax liability and broker fee.


Parkinson's is a neurodegenerative disease that, as in the case of other neurodegenerative diseases, has disruptive effects on human mobility. In this study, gait markers were obtained by using sensors under the foot, giving an output proportional to the force. Normal gait markers were compared with those of Parkinson's patients. Thus, individuals with Parkinson's were identified by comparing the impulse model of gait markers obtained from normal individuals with those of Parkinson's patients.


In this paper, we investigate the resource allocation problem for the symbiotic radio system, in which the passive backscatter transmission is parasitic in the primary transmission, and the cooperative receiver simultaneously detects the signals transmitted from the active primary transmitter (PT) and the backscatter device (BD). In particular, channel fading is considered, and the ergodic weighted sum rate of the primary and backscatter transmissions is maximized by jointly optimizing the transmit power at the PT and the reflection coefficient at the BD under either long-term or short-term transmit-power constraint over the fading states. Two practical transmission setups are considered, where the relationship between the primary and backscatter transmissions is either commensal or parasitic. For the commensal setup, we fix the reflection coefficient as the maximum value and derive the optimal power allocation scheme based on the standard convex optimization procedure. For the parasitic setup, the weighted sum-rate maximization problem is non-convex, and we resort to the concave–convex procedure to derive a suboptimal solution. Simulation results demonstrate that in the commensal setup, the BD may realize transmission while causing no harmful interference to the primary system; in the parasitic setup, a higher backscatter data rate can be achieved through slightly sacrificing the primary transmission rate.


In this short paper, we consider the partnership between psychology and the criminal justice system in Western societies and critically reflect on the notion of criminal justice as expressed in such a system. Focusing on how the criminal justice system operates in the UK, and in particular in Scotland, we consider the way the system criminalizes those who previously have been socially and economically disadvantaged. We ask whether community psychology has become negligent in the attention it brings to such a pernicious form of victim blaming and as such has shown insufficient critical engagement with systems that create social harm, and whether it is paying enough attention to the impact of a criminal justice system that is contributing to the creation of a more punitive, fractured and unjust society. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


How to mobilize world countries to work together in addressing global climate change is now another focus of world attention.This is a major milestone in the history of human social development and progress in modern times and also a tremendous,complex and systematic project.Its success or failure depends not only on the transformation of the traditional old model of high-emission and high-growth development,which is formed in the industrialization process over a long period of time,into a new model of low-emission and high-growth development,which is adapted to the change of the times and the eco-system.It also depends on the political will of countries around the world to jointly attach importance to and participate in tackling global climate change,and on more awareness and consensus among them to the importance and urgency to meet the challenge.Against this background,it is highly necessary to shape a multidimensional strategy for international cooperation and work out supplementary policies and practical measures.


This paper deals with use of a special radio receiver on a picosatellite, for obtaining an actual position of picosatellite above the Earth and for obtaining a correct UTC time. The information listed is necessary for another on-board experiment, like a communication unit tests, in-orbit measurements, or alternative propulsion unit tests. For this task, a novel method, based on receiving radio signals from the Earth is used. Because of many restrictions of picosatellites, there are requirements on weight, size and power consumption of the receiver, antenna and data processing unit.


412 like this help move us from token representation to authentic representation."2 Jaddoland 's expansive aesthetics creates new spaces for diverse audience reflections about how identity and culture are not only inherited but re-created and co-created across geography and time. Shihab's film is celebrated, having received The Independent Spirit Awards' Truer than Fiction Award, among many other acknowledgments, screenings, and prizes. This reflexive documentary would be a thought-provoking teaching tool in undergraduate and graduate-level anthropology courses on migration, diaspora, and American/ArabAmerican anthropology, and in film production courses concerned with reflexive, personal, and autoethnographic filmmaking.


Heat waves (HWs) are natural hazards characterised by episodes of hot weather. However, in the absence of a universal definition a wide variety of definitions is applied. In this study, ten different air temperature (T) based HW definitions are applied to the urban region of Berlin, Germany, to investigate and compare the occurrence and duration of HWs, and their long‐term trends from 1893 to 2017. We studied how long‐term trends depend on different definition of HWs, as well as if long‐term mean values and trends differ between inner‐city and peripheral locations of Berlin. Generally, results show significant increases in HW occurrence and duration for most definitions, although large differences exist between them. Temporal agreement between the definitions is low, 15 episodes in 125 years are identified by all definitions as HWs. Inner‐city regions of Berlin are subject to more frequent and longer HWs than peripheral regions, if definitions based on daily minimum or mean T are applied. Results also show that trend estimations of HW characteristics for HW definitions with "extreme" values for their detection criteria (e.g., in terms of duration or threshold) are highly sensitive to the applied method. We conclude that depending on the question under investigation, different HW definitions might be optimal and hence attempts for the development of "universal" definitions need to take this into account.


In this paper, we design the open numerical control system of PC based on embedded motion control card. This open NC teaching machine tool is not only for the removal to meet the teaching requirements of the mechanical design, but also allows users to define instructions, to convert CNC instructions to the control card built-in function on the PC; to export the control information to control machine tool axis movement. This greatly enhances the students' interest, and helps them to faster formation of the core competencies of the CNC technology.


The new series of the LC ionomers containing copper ions has been obtained and their phase behavior has been studied. It was shown that at low metal ion concentrations in the LC ionomers (˜2 mol-%) the induction of the SmA phase is observed. An increase in the copper ion concentration is accompanied by a slight rise in clearing and glass transition temperatures. The magnetic properties of LC ionomers were studied at the first time. It was shown that LC ionomers are antiferromagneties with a strong exchange interaction J = 174–178 cm–1. Temperature dependencies of the magnetic moment and the magnetic anisotropy are adequately described in the framework of the 1-D-Heisenberg linear-chain model.


Since the adult heart has minimal capacity to repair itself, myocardial infarction often leads to pathological remodelling and consequently the development of heart failure. Unfortunately, no therapy is available to restore damaged heart tissue. The epicardium, the outer layer of the heart, plays an important role during the development of the heart via the contribution of cells and paracrine factors to the myocardium. In this process, epicardial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an essential step. In the adult heart, developmental epicardial behaviour is recapitulated upon injury, characterized by upregulation of e.g. EMT-related genes. However, this process is less efficient than fetal activation. We hypothesize that the reparative capacity of the heart can be enhanced by optimizing the participation of epicardium to repair, particularly through increasing the occurrence of EMT.
 The aim of this study is to find epicardial EMT-inducing compounds using a small molecule screen which will ultimately improve epicardium-driven repair after cardiac injury.

 Epicardial cells were derived from human heart auricles that are routinely removed during thoracic surgery. These epicardial derived cells (EPDCs) were cultured as epithelial-like cells with a cobblestone morphology in the presence of a TGFβ inhibitor. Upon stimulation with TGFβ ligand (1ng/mL), EPDCs undergo EMT, characterized by a switch from cobblestone to spindle-shaped cells and upregulation of α-Smooth Muscle Actin (αSMA). Using these cells, a phenotypic screen was performed in 384 wells format using the LOPAC1280 small molecule library. EMT was assessed by αSMA immunostaining. The screen was performed three times (2x 10 μM and 1x 5 μM) to include interpatient variability. From each screen the top 20 ranked compounds were validated in multiple primary epicardial cell isolations.

 From the 1280 tested compounds, at least 54 compounds displayed a clear upregulation of αSMA compared to the negative controls. Next, after validation in individual patient isolations, five compounds were selected for further analysis. These five compounds reproducibly induce EMT, as shown by a dose-dependent decrease of epithelial marker E-Cadherin, and an increase of mesenchymal markers (SMA, Periostin) and EMT transcription factors (Snail, Slug). The compounds were not toxic to cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts and 4 out of 5 compounds were not toxic to endothelial cells. Currently, the compounds are tested for their ability to induce invasion in ex vivo hearts. Furthermore, we will determine the effect on cardiac repair in vivo by incorporating the compounds into slowly releasing, biodegradable patches that are applied onto the damaged murine heart.

 A small molecule screen revealed five novel epicardial EMT-inducing compounds that have the potential to increase the contribution of the epicardium to the repair of the heart.

 Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Dutch Heart Foundation


Additional therapy after replantation of extremities is reported. The therapy is based on the pathophysiological changes in hypoxic tissue. The management has been tested in clinical practice.


Objective: To note the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in domestic and stray dogs of the Udgir local area Materials and Methods:  A coprological investigation of gastrointestinal helminthes of dogs in udgir area was done in sample size of 216 dogs over period of 10 months Results: An overall prevalence to the tune of 31.65% was noted. The major helminthes parasites recovered were Ancylostoma caninum (66.67%), Ancylostoma braziliense (4.35%), Toxocara canis (26.08%) and Dipylidium caninum (2.89%). There were non-significant differences in age wise and sex wise distribution of helminthes infecting dogs of the area. Conclusion:


1 Methane emissions from emergent plants in two peatlands were measured in plant enclosure experiments. During the summer growing season, methane emissions on a plant dry mass basis from Scheuchzeriapalustris (130 + 14 4umol g-' day-') were higher than from other peatland plants, such as Chamaedaphne calyculata (20 + 3 umol g-' day-') and Carex oligosperma (91 + 38 4umol g-' day-'), but were lower than from Calla palustris (280 + 37 umol g-' day-'). 2 The contribution to net methane efflux from S. palustris, the dominant emergent plant in one peatland, was 15.6 + 2.2 mmol m-2 day-', based on the plant enclosure experiments and areal biomass measurements. These results were not significantly different from the difference between measurements of methane efflux using chambers enclosing clipped and unclipped plots (12.0-27.9 mmol m-2 day-'). 3 We determined that methane transport through S. palustris contributed between 64 and 90% of the net methane efflux from the peatland, while the other peatland without plants capable of rapid methane transport had significantly lower methane efflux. The higher annual efflux from peat with aerenchymatous plants appears to be due to several factors, including increased substrate production which enhances methane production, reduction in methane oxidation, as well as easier methane transport from the site of production. 4 Plants capable of transporting methane regulated the methane pool in the saturated zone by depleting both dissolved methane in the pore-waters and the concentration of methane in gas bubbles trapped in the saturated peat. 5 Our experiments indicate that methane transport through S. palustris is due to molecular diffusion, and is not influenced by pressurization or stomatal aperture.


Abstract: This essay examines "Shōjobyō" (The girl watcher, 1907), a short story by Tayama Katai (1872–1930). It focuses on the discourses on the senses in the narrative construction of its protagonist, Sugita Kojō. The sense of sight and the condition called shōjobyō play a major role in this construction. I argue that the interplay between the pathologically inflected inclination called shōjobyō and the technology-enhanced regimes of sensory perception (view through glass, modern means of transportation) described in "Shōjobyō" is crucial in the interpretation of this story as a reflection on the modern condition itself.


Coastal fisheries provide livelihoods and sustenance for millions of people globally but are often poorly documented. Data scarcity, particularly relating to spatio-temporal trends in catch and effort, compounds wider issues of governance capacity. This can hinder the implementation and effectiveness of spatial tools for fisheries management or conservation. This issue is acute in developing and low-income regions with many small-scale inshore fisheries and high marine biodiversity, such as Southeast Asia. As a result, fleets often operate unmonitored with implications for target and non-target species populations and the wider marine ecosystem. Novel and cost-effective approaches to obtain fisheries data are required to monitor these activities and help inform sustainable fishery and marine ecosystem management. One such example is the detection and numeration of fishing vessels that use artificial light to attract catch with nighttime satellite imagery. Here we test the efficiency and application value of nighttime satellite imagery, in combination with landings data and GPS tracked vessels, to estimate the footprint and biomass removal of an inshore purse seine fishery operating within a region of high biodiversity in Myanmar. By quantifying the number of remotely sensed vessel detections per month, adjusted for error by the GPS tracked vessels, we can extrapolate data from fisher logbooks to provide fine-scale spatiotemporal estimates of the fishery's effort, value and biomass removal. Estimates reveal local landings of nearly 9,000 mt worth close to $4 million USD annually. This approach details how remote sensed and in situ collected data can be applied to other fleets using artificial light to attract catch, notably inshore fisheries of Southeast Asia, whilst also providing a much-needed baseline understanding of a data-poor fishery's spatiotemporal activity, biomass removal, catch composition and landing of vulnerable species.


Because of declining physical and mental condition, the living range of elderly people decreases continually, which leads to the negative effect on the social connectedness of the elderly. The development of the Internet and technology brings new opportunities to help elderly people improve social connectedness and reduce the risk of social isolation. This paper presents the design process of MemoriesSharing, a sharing story project for the residents in the senior apartment which is based on the crowdsourcing way and geographic location information. Through 2 iterations based on basic design cycle, interaction installations in senior apartment environment and online website are developed, which creates a new experience of sharing the story for residents in senior apartments.


Finding the true magnetic structure at given external conditions is crucial for describing magnetic materials and predicting their properties. This is especially important for high-throughput screening of potentially good magnets that without adequate description of the magnetic structure may result in an enormous waste of computational resources. I introduce a method, which accurately and efficiently treats magnetic ordering in the course of standard first-principles calculations. The method is suitable for all temperatures and is based on Monte Carlo (MC) technique. At high temperatures MC is coupled to ab initio molecular dynamics, therefore treating atomic vibrations and magnetic ordering simultaneously. The method takes care of the convergence to the true ground-state magnetic structure at 0 K, coupling between spins and atomic vibrations at high temperatures, and spin-spin interactions in non-Heisenberg systems, i.e. it naturally goes beyond the usual pair-like effective exchange interactions at all temperatures. I show that the method nicely reproduces the magnetic structures at low and high temperatures even on relatively small supercells and provides a ground for truly ab initio calculations of magnetic systems in high-throughput studies. In its general formulation the MDMC method deals with non-collinear magnetism, but its collinear version may be more suitable for fast high-throughput calculations. The examples of the application of the MDMC method addressed in this paper are $\alpha$-Mn; body-centered cubic Fe, which is ferromagnetic at low and paramagnetic at high temperatures; and MnB$_2$W$_2$, a new magnetic compound with non-trivial magnetism.


We define the type of cats' higher nervous activity in different habitat. The largest number of animals belongs to individuals of strong balanced mobile and inert types. In the city there were no cats of strong unbalanced type.