While significant progresses have been achieved in recent decades in solving the hyperbolic equations of shallow water flows,which could accommodate shock waves,computational difficulty arises from the highly irregular topography in mountainous areas.In particular,under a simple operator-splitting framework,a very small time step(or Courant number) is found to be necessary for stability,and this is dictated by the magnitude of the source terms in relation to the highly irregular topography and significantly increases the computational cost.Here an efficient shock-capturing finite volume algorithm is presented for solving the hyperbolic equations of shallow water flows.It is based on a splitting scheme,a spatially second-order WAF-TVD method along with the HLL approximate Riemann solver,and a temporally third-order TVD Runge-Kutta scheme.In order to satisfy the numerical stability,a self-adaptable time step method is proposed under the Runge-Kutta scheme.Application of the model to the prediction of flooding due to sudden outburst of a real glacial-lake is evaluated.It is found that the present model is essentially free from the restriction on time step arising from highly irregular topography.Compared with previous models,the computational efficiency of the model is significantly enhanced.


Simulations of SKA1-low were performed to estimate the noise level in images produced by the telescope over a frequency range 50-600 MHz, which extends the 50-350 MHz range of the current baseline design. The root-mean-square (RMS) deviation between images produced by an ideal, error-free SKA1-low and those produced by SKA1-low with varying levels of uncorrelated gain and phase errors was simulated. The residual in-field and sidelobe noise levels were assessed. It was found that the RMS deviations decreased as the frequency increased. The residual sidelobe noise decreased by a factor of ~5 from 50 to 100 MHz, and continued to decrease at higher frequencies, attributable to wider strong sidelobes and brighter sources at lower frequencies. The thermal noise limit is found to range between ~10 - 0.3 $\mu$Jy and is reached after ~100-100 000 hrs integration, depending on observation frequency, with the shortest integration time required at ~100 MHz.


This issue contains one review article on multi-symptom conditions in Gulf War veterans with sets of papers examining various aspects of psychosis, depression, pervasive developmental disorders, and four individual articles examining a variety of topics.


In this paper we prove the existence of a mild solution for a impulsive semilinear evolution differential inclusions with infinite delay in a separable Banach space.


One key aspect is to look at how history has influenced Physical Education status and what can be done to increase PE status as an academic core discipline. By looking at how and why PE has been marginalized, as well as what can be done to decrease marginalization, is key to avoiding further devaluation of PE and its potential removal from the curriculum.


One-third of total energy and 50% of emissions arise from construction phase. Because of this global amount of energy consumption and emission, we must do our best to solve this problem. But our existing ways of meeting this problem has focused on the energy consumption saving of the construction and dwelling stage. On the other hand, we has been treated too lightly for handling the emissions problem during the maintenance management and the demolition process so far,. In this paper, we quantitatively predicted and evaluated the environmental load in each construction step during all life cycle. And, we developed the environmental load assessment program for each construction step. And we proposed the reliable decision support model for objective and reliable environmental load assessment and reduction. This result must help the development of construction technology and low carbon & green growth.


In the preceding several months, the outbreak of COVID-19 has become one of the global severe public health issues. It is critical to screen for COVID-infected or suspected patients in time. Given that the method of nucleic acid test strip detection is laborious and time-consuming, the Chest Xray images screening method has become the object of this study because of its robust availability and easy accessibility. This study introduces a new neural network model, COVID-GATNet, to assist radiologists in automatically diagnosing CXR images, thus improving the detection speed of suspected infected people. The study integrates three CXR data sets published on the internet and Kaggle competition, including CXR images of healthy, other types of pneumonia, and COVID-19 positive patients. Because there is less open-source data for COVID-19 positive CXR images than the other two types of data, this research dilated CODIV-19 positive CXR images by scaling, rotating, adjusting brightness and other increase methods of image data. Then, the expanded COVID-19 positive CXR data set is divided into a training set and test set at a ratio of 8:2 to complete the experiment and evaluation of COVID-GATNet. Research by combining Densenet Convolutional Neural Network (DenseNet) and Graph Attention Network (GAT), COVID-GATNet has a direct connection between any two network layers in each dense block and uses the attention mechanism, which significantly reduces the parameters of the model and improves the classification performance. Experimental results show that the accuracy of COVID-GATNet is best to achieve 94.1%, and the F-1 score also with 95.2%. Compared with COVID-Net, COVID-Net accuracy is 93.3%, and the F-1score is 94.8%. The experimental results and diagrams show that the proposed model performs well and can effectively assist clinicians in screening and detecting patients' state, helping to classify pulmonary diseases and observe the pulmonary status of patients.


With the popularization of industrialization,problems of product become more and more serious.At present,what we adopted in our country's product liability law is the traditional principle of consubstantial compensation which has been receiving challenge and suspicion in product liability law with the development of society and begins to show its inherent defects.Therefore,our country's product liability law should imitate the legislation of Anglo-American legal system to establish punitive compensation for damage.


Hypertension is the most potent force for the development of the multiple atheroscelerotic diseases that are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality.   The number of elderly patients is growing worldwide. The present study reports the results and discussion of a study comprising 250 patients over a period of three month, in Jhansi city of Uttar Pradesh.   The paper finds an array of change in life style approach along with medication, after being clinically diagnosed with hypertension.   The paper tries to also see the gender difference in hypertension.  The study suggests that since there are myriad individual approaches to deal with hypertension along with medication, it is necessary to take up larger studies to generalize these findings.


Collaboration, extension, and reproduction of research is of great importance in computer vision. Scientific workflows offer a unique framework for distributed collaboration and sharing of experiments. They provide a structured, end-to-end analysis methodology that easily and automatically allows for standardized replication and testing of models, inter-operability of heterogeneous codebases, and incorporation of novel algorithms. In this paper, we introduce the use of scientific workflows in computer vision to aid collaboration.


We believe that the strongest residencies feature trainees of diverse personalities and backgrounds. We believe that true understanding and excellence in patient care are nurtured by these differences, and we firmly disagree with any actions that, intentionally or not, diminish our field's diversity. Attempting to predict future potential from a psychometric present may be shade to growth for the diverse physicians that EM hopes to attract.

If applicant metrics are not adequate or valid, we must reevaluate their utility and inclusion. However, we recommend that a more thorough explanation of the need for the SVI pilot study be shared, with consideration to the possibility that other markers of an applicant's portfolio may already satisfy this need. We question the utility of an additional measure that increases burden and potential bias on medical students who have no ability to decline participation or participate in design. Until the validity of the SVI's ability to predict future performance is determined, mandatory participation and reporting to residency programs should not be implemented.


Purpose To observe the effect of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine on cell growth and apoptosis of HepG2 and the expression of caspase-3 and bcl-2,and to investigate the potential mechanism of its antitumorigenesis. Methods Cell growth inhibition was assayed by MTT method; Colony formation rate was determined by a colony formation experiment in soft agar; Assessment of cell cycle and apoptosis were performed by flow cytometry,and the expression of caspase-3 and bcl-2 were investigated by immunohistochemistry. Results 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine could inhibit the growth of HepG2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. 8 μmol/L 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine could significantly inhibit the cells growth,the inhibitory rate was 60.2% after 96 h. The result of colony formation in soft agar showed that the colony formation rate was significantly dropped from 36.3% to 17.3%,and flow cytometry showed that the rate of apoptosis was 10.26% after treatment by 8 μmol/L 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine after 96 h. The expression of caspase 3 protein was increased and bcl-2 protein was decreased. Conclusions 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine can reverse malignant phenotype in HepG2 cells,and the mechanism may be that 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine restores some tumor suppressor genes expression and increases the expression of caspase 3 while decreased expression of bcl-2.


This book is the most recently published volume of the official history of the Medical Department, U. S. Army, in World War II. The first and major part of this volume deals with ophthalmology. M. Elliott Randolph is the editor. The first, and most interesting, chapters are concerned with the administrative aspects and general clinical policies in the Zone of Interior and in the various theaters of operations. During World War II ophthalmology emerged for the first time as an independent specialty in the U. S. Army, and it was not until 1944 that the Ophthalmology Branch of the Surgical Consultants Division was activated. Before that time ophthalmology was attached to the Section of Head Surgery. This unfortunate coupling with otolaryngology—still apparent in this volume—frequently resulted in poor care for eye injuries. Often an otolaryngologist who had no knowledge of ocular diseases was put in charge of a combined eye


From the Division of Rheumatology and Immunology* and the Departments of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biologyx and Pathology,k Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; the Arthritis Center,y the Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute,z and the Pulmonary Center,{ Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts; and the Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine,** University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania


In this paper, the present state of the large-eddy simulation (LES) technique is discussed. Modeling and numerical issues that are under study will be described, and results of state-of-the- art calculations will be presented to highlight the response of the subgrid-scale models to important features of the flow field. Finally, some challenges for research and applications of LES in the near future will be discussed.


The heats of mixing of carbon tetrachloride with dioxan have been measured at 25°, 35°, and 45°. The negative values of the heat of mixing and its positive temperature coefficient suggest a strong specific attractive interaction between carbon tetrachloride and dioxan.


The quadratic NLO hyperpolarizabilities of IB group and some fifth-period metal hybrid chromophores of azobenzene dendrimers were calculated by TDDFT method, and its exciting states were also studied by this method, showing obvious changes in the NLO response of the hybrid chromophores, which are influenced by the electron push-pull effect of the metal irons. If the iron attracts electrons just along the conjugated azobenzene system and concords with the original charge-transfer transition (CT) direction, the charge-transfer scope is enlarged, and its quadratic NLO response is enhanced. On the contrary, if the iron acts as the electron donator on the opposite direction of the origin push-pull system, the charge-transfer transition is baffled, thus the NLO response decreases greatly. The excitation energy is another important factor for the second-order NLO response; the smaller the excitation energy is, the larger the hyper- polarizability will be. Owning to the vertical position of the Nb iron, the charge-transfer of the Nb hybrid chromophore processes both along the x and y axes, belonging to the two-dimensional charge-transfer transition model.


Homogyne alpina (L.) Cass. represents the only species of the genus Homogyne Cass. in Slovakia. This study characterizes H. alpina in terms of chromosome counts, genome size, reproduction mode and distribution in Slovakia. Three known cytotypes of the species are known, of which the cytotype 2n = 160 is represented in the Slovak mountains and has not been documented from other countries yet. Flow cytometric analyses showed the genome size 2C = 21.30 pg for petioles and 2C = 21.82 pg for seeds. Sexual reproduction mode was confirmed by flow cytometric screening method based on embryo to endosperm genome size ratio. The centre of the species distribution is in high mountains of the Slovak Carpathians, where it is frequent in the altitude above 1000 m a. s. l. from mountane to alpine vegetation zone. The full list of the data of its distribution and the distribution map are also presented.


Objective To summarize the experience of treatment to congenital trigger thumb by Acupotomology.Methods 63 cases of congenital trigger thumb which treated by Acupotomology were retrospectively analysed.Results Treatment to congenital trigger thumb by Acupotomology met the qualification of anatomy and physiology,made a good therapeutic effect with the recovery rate of 100%.Conclusions Treatment of congenital trigger thumb by Acupotomology has the advantage of good efficacy but short course of treatment,which can be appropriately applied in the primary-level medical unit.


(57) SUMMARY Provided herein is a compound of Formula (I), wherein R 1 -R 8 are as described herein, and R 4 is aryl or heteroaryl. Such compounds are particularly useful in the treatment of disorders caused by or dependent on reduced effectiveness of serotonin, norepinephrine or dopamine. Embedded image


e16166Background: SSAs are the most common treatment for well-differentiated NETs. Side effects include biliary and GI disorders, injection-site pain and hyperglycemia. There is often misdiagnosis ...


In this paper, we analyze the performance of mechanical equipment through a closed-loop feedback health monitoring vibration sensor, develop an OTDR optical signal reception and the processing module, and realize the reception, amplification, and filtering of the backscattered optical signal. In terms of vibration signal demodulation, the FPGA signal processing module was developed and debugged to realize the intermodulation with OTDR optical signal reception processing module and the preprocessing of the vibration data stream by taking advantage of the FPGA in parallel high-speed data stream processing. The objective function is constructed based on the dynamic data of the first four vertical frequencies of the modal recognition and the static data of the constant-load cable force of the inclined cable, and the third-order response surface method is applied to fit the response surface function of each correction target. The errors between the corrected FEM calculated values and the measured results are within 5%. The results were compared with the results of static and dynamic corrections, and the results showed that the joint static and dynamic corrections using the third-order response surface could obtain a finite element model that was more comprehensive and closer to the actual engineering response. A 180° feedback gain is set in the mass detection system to reduce the system's equivalent mass and increase the system resonant frequency. An inverse lock-in amplifier is used instead of a high-frequency bandpass filter to spectrally migrate the useful frequencies and better filter out noise interference. A thin-film microresonant pressure sensor, a cantilever beam microresonant gas sensor, and a microresonant biosensor were designed and developed using the micromachining process. A closed-loop feedback method was used to design a low-frequency detection system, a medium-frequency detection system, and a high-frequency feedback detection based on a phase-locked loop system, completed open-loop and closed-loop detection experiments of the intrinsic frequency of the sensor, through-pressure experiments of the pressure sensor, low and medium frequency gas-sensitive experiments of the gas sensor, and high-frequency detection experiments of the biosensor oxygen absorption/deoxygenation, and measured the mass of individual oxygen molecules.


The advantages of the scenario of cofiring hiomass with coals in pulverized-fuel power-generating boilers are substantiated. The results of an experimental bench study of burning the wastes from making flour with a flame in a mixture with coal are presented. Questions of grinding, burning out, the slagging properties, corrosion, and the emissions of harmful gaseous substances are analyzed.


In this paper, we consider the problem of recognizing circular traffic lights from an image. The traffic light recognition is divided into two stages: candidate region extraction and traffic light recognition. For extracting candidates, we propose a hybrid method, which combines the results of spotlight detection and color-shape model-based method. Instead of handcrafting a set of features for classification, we scale each candidate as a 10-by-10 image patch and use its raw RGB pixel values as the input of a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. The classifiers are trained only using a Singapore dataset, and are tested on the US LISA dataset. The cross validation justifies the generalizability of our classifiers. The evaluation results show that our hybrid candidate extraction method lowers the chance of miss-detection and the proposed featureless classification approach has a high recognition precision. Our algorithm is robust and efficient, which can run at 30 fps for images with a resolution of 640∗480.


Experimental measurements of the pressure and magnetic field dependence of the threshold energy of CO2−laser−induced gas breakdown have been made in hydrogen, helium, nitrogen, and argon gases. These measurements clearly exhibit the effects of diffusion, laser pulse length, and elastic and inelastic energy losses. A simplified phenomenological theory of laser−induced gas breakdown which takes these effects into account is outlined. The predictions of this theory are compared with experimental results. The theory correctly predicts all of the qualitative trends in the data, and in the case of helium a quantitative fit is obtained.


Abstract Application of massive data to structural health monitoring (SHM) may lead to serious problems such as difficulty, computational inefficiency, and low damage detectability. This paper proposes innovative hybrid methods in order to detect damage under massive data, ambient vibration, and environmental and/or operational variability. Each of the proposed methods consists of a three-stage algorithm including response modelling via a time series representation, Gaussian mixture model (GMM) for dimensionality reduction, and an outlier detector. Due to the importance of response modelling under ambient vibration, this article employs the combination of AR with ARX called the ARARX model. In the second stage, a GMM is individually fitted to residual samples extracted from ARARX regarding the undamaged and damaged conditions to obtain low-dimensional features from massive data. Eventually, outlier analyses are carried out by the Mahalanobis distance and an auto-associative neural network to make a decision about the occurrence of damage. Two different kinds of threshold limits are also considered to examine the performances of the proposed methods. A large-scale cable-stayed bridge is applied to validate the reliability and effectiveness of these methods with several comparative studies. Results demonstrate that both proposed methods are effective tools for damage detection.


This paper introduces the automatic gas meter reading system which is based on RS 485 bus and the design of it's hardware、 software and communication.


A crossed‐beam study of the reaction CH+4(CH4,CH3)CH+5 was carried out in the collision energy range 0.6–2.3 eV. Three distinct patterns were observed, which may be interpreted in terms of three competing mechanisms for CH+5 formation: proton stripping, H‐atom pickup, and intermediate complex decomposition. The existence of a C2H+8 intermediate, stable towards dissociation, is suggested by the results. The relative weights of the three mechanisms were estimated as a function of collision energy.


Help-the-poor in education should be the priority of the help-the-poor strategy in the 21st century.To do well in helping the poor,we should,first, update the concept,increase input in education;secondly,take all measures to do well in basic education and education for adults so as to raise quility of the poor.


This paper demonstrates a way to determine the validity of logical arguments with a minimal number of truth table lines. This is an extension of a method [1,2] inspired by a quote from Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes: "How often have I said to you that when you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth?"[3] By pruning our truth tables, eliminating rows that we know are false, we can combine this pruning with an innovative method of truth table construction that is extensible. Shortcuts for proving logical arguments without building an entire truth table are suggested by Marcus [4] and the TF method of Cheifetz et. al. [5], but the approaches suggested work around truth tables and require separate consideration for every different logical operator. What is suggested here requires only the concept that premises must be true. Table 1 is an example of the way a truth table is typically organized in a logic text. However, the order of the rows is traditional and any order would be equally valid, for example see Table 2. Neither of these orders educates students about the meaning of the rows. Each row of a truth table represents a possibility. Using a method of ordering the rows and premisesis of truth tables, called extensible truth tables, creates opportunities for the teacher to more fully explain the meaning of truth tables. This ordering starts with introducing a single variable truth table as in Table 3. Note that there are two values the variable p can have, T or F. If we now introduce a new variable q then p will still have two possible values when q is T and it will have two possible values when q is F. Essentially, introducing a new variable requires that the truth table rows double, one copy for the new variable T and one copy with the new variable F, as in Table 4. This method of adding rows is extensible because it provides an algorithm for adding new variables rather than a tradition. Thus, we can introduce a new variable r to Table 4 by making two copies of the current truth table, one copy where r is true and one copy where r is false, as in Table 5. Extensible truth tables explain how to handle truth tables with any number of variables. They also explain why you need 2^sup n^ rows for a truth table with n variables. Since even simple arguments may require 5 or 6 variables this property is particularly useful. This approach requires more thought from students - which is an advantage. An important reason to require students to study mathematics, in addition to many praticai and worthy endeavors, is that the reasoning used has universal applications. Unless the students understand the underlying reasoning, they will not be able to apply it, diminishing the value of this material. VALIDATING AN ARGUMENT The simple argument in Table 6 has four variables and ordinarily would require a 16 row truth table to validate. However by using an extensible truth table and L. Sher's technique you can use considerably fewer lines. To minimize the number of lines, you need to carefully select the order of the premises. Since premises are statements that must be true, we automatically eliminate all rows where the premise is false. Thus, you should select a premise that generates a large proportion of false rows. …


Innovative solutions are often crafted through synergizing contributions from a group of diverse entities with complementary strengths and weaknesses. The same is expected to persist with the advent of artificial intelligence (AI). Thus, this work aims to investigate whether the synergistic interaction of human decision makers and optimization (AI) algorithms can significantly improve the solving of challenging, multi-criteria order planning problems. To this end, a Human-AI complementarity framework leveraging on emerging transfer optimization methods is first put forward, enabling the adaptive reuse of experiential priors to inform search. Next, empirical analysis on a carefully designed multi-criteria order planning problem is conducted. Finally, 3 key insights arising from situations where the human supplied prior is perfect, imperfect, or flawed are discussed to adequately address the research question posed.


The Internet revolution introduced a single, adaptive abstraction layer for global communication. Today, IP interconnects millions of applications, which themselves are bound to the present IP layer via the socket API. After almost 30 years, the time has come to abandon this focus on a single, homogeneously established Internet protocol and thereby release the accumulated needs for innovation on the network layer. H∀Mcast addresses this goal by following the evolutionary approach of a hybrid multiservice network layer that decouples service and application development from infrastructure deployment. The objective of this work is a universal, robust service access that allows group applications to run everywhere, no matter what the status of regional technological deployment will be.


Study objective. To study variations in serum relaxin concentrations during normal and abnormal human pregnancy and parturition and in umbilical cord blood.


Linearized circuits using GaAs MESFETs operating in class-A push-pull mode have been previously proposed for transconductor and self-conductor realization in which the even-order MESFET nonlinearity is effectively eliminated. The introduction of AC-coupling into these conductance circuits is proposed, and it shown that this allows linear class-AB operation with high efficiency and a simple method of tuning the conductance values. The design and simulation of a 0.5-5.0-GHz GaAs MMIC isolator illustrate the ideas presented.<<ETX>>


Objective:To explore the protection of calreticulin CRT involved in calcium regulation in ultrastructural damage of skeletal muscle after eccentric exercise.Methods:The eccentric exercise to exhaustion model would be applied,40 SD rats were randomly evenly divided into control group(C),exercise immediate group(E1),24-hour group after exercise(E2),48-hour group after exercise(E3) and 6 days post-exercise group(E4).Results:The serum CK and LDH activity climbed to the peak within 24 hours after exercise,with significantly higher levers about E1,E2 and E3 groups in comparison with C group(P0.01,P0.01 and P0.05,respectively).The concentration of Ca2+ in sarcoplasmic reticulum had the highest value in E1 group after exercise,with significantly higher concentration about E1 and E2 group in comparison with C group(P0.05 for both).The concentration of Ca2+ in mitochondrion had the highest value in E2 group after exercise,with significantly higher concentration about E1,E2 and E3 groups in comparison with C group(P0.05,P0.01 and P0.05 respectively).The skeletal muscle increased significantly the expression of CRT in E1 and E2 group after exercise.Conclusion:The change of CRT expression in skeletal muscle after exercise may be generated by CRT to preserve calcium balance to relieve the ultrastructural damage of skeletal muscle.


acrjourna hloroethylene (TCE) is a suspected renal carcinogen. TCE-associated renal genotoxicity occurs predomy through glutathione S-transferase (GST) conjugation and bioactivation by renal cysteine β-lyase 1). We conducted a case-control study in Central Europe (1,097 cases and 1,476 controls) specifically ed to assess risk associated with occupational exposure to TCE through analysis of detailed job histoll jobs were coded for organic/chlorinated solvent and TCE exposure (ever/never) as well as the frequenintensity of exposure based on detailed occupational questionnaires, specialized questionnaires, and assessments. Increased risk was observed among subjects ever TCE exposed [odds ratio (OR) = 1.63; onfidence interval (95% CI), 1.04–2.54]. Exposure-response trends were observed among subjects above low the median exposure [average intensity (OR = 1.38; 95% CI, 0.81–2.35; OR = 2.34; 95% CI, 1.05–5.21; = 0.02)]. A significant association was found among TCE-exposed subjects with at least one intact GSTT1 (active genotype; OR = 1.88; 95% CI, 1.06–3.33) but not among subjects with two deleted alleles enotype; OR = 0.93; 95% CI, 0.35–2.44; Pinteraction = 0.18). Similar associations for all exposure metrics ing average intensity were observed among GSTT1-active subjects (OR = 1.56; 95% CI, 0.79–3.10; OR = 5% CI, 1.01–7.58; Ptrend = 0.02) but not among GSTT1 nulls (OR = 0.81; 95% CI, 0.24-2.72; OR = 1.16; 95% 7–5.04; Ptrend = 1.00; Pinteraction = 0.34). Further evidence of heterogeneity was seen among TCE-exposed ts with ≥1 minor allele of several CCBL1-tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms: rs2293968, rs2280841, 043, and rs941960. These findings provide the strongest evidence to date that TCE exposure is associith increased renal cancer risk, particularly among individuals carrying polymorphisms in genes that are ated w important in the reductive metabolism of this chemical, and provides biological plausibility of the association in humans. Cancer Res; 70(16); 6527–36. ©2010 AACR.


Obturation of root canal is an important step in root canal therapy. Gutta percha is the most commonly used material to fill the root canal for obturation. In this study composites of gutta percha with 10% hydroxyapatite (HA) and polyurethane (10% and 20%) were investigated to find out their adhesion and bond strength with root dentin after 7 days. Extracted human teeth were used for this study and in vitro root canal obturation was done. After filling the samples were immersed separately in deionised water solution. Push out test and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was done to find out the adhesion and bond strength of these materials. Push out test and SEM evaluation of these obturating materials showed that gutta percha had maximum bond strength, where as gutta percha with 10% hydroxyapatite had minimum bond strength as compared to other bioactive materials used in this study. Polyurethane composite with 20% HA was next to gutta percha in terms of its bond strength followed by polyurethane with 10% HA. Gutta percha obturating material proved to be the best regarding adhesion and bonding with the root dentin but polyurethane (with 10% and 20% HA) also looked promising.


A common epitaxial layer structure is proposed for a uni-travelling-carrier photodiode and a heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) for which zinc indiffusion is used on the HBT base-collector junctions to complete the photodiode structure. Fabricated photodiodes show 3 dB bandwidths of between 60 and 80 GHz for output voltages between 1 and 2 V.


SUBTITLE: A "CHICKEN-AND-EGG" SITUATION EXISTS IN BUSINESS AVIATION WHERE OPERATORS COMPLAIN THE EQUIPMENT ISN'T AVAILABLE AND AVIONICS OEMS CLAIM THEY'RE WAITING FOR THE MARKET TO MATERIALIZE.


With the advent of MPEG 4 and MPEG 7, the segmentation of SVO (semantic video object) becomes the common task of video encoding and retrieval And object shape retrieval is in demand in MPEG 7 But current algorithms can not satisfy these requirements, especially on current MPEG 1/2 video data Based on the proposed algorithm WaterShed, a modified method is developed to extract SVO semi automatically, which can get better results when applied to MPEG 1 video stream The major contributions are that the element count is introduced as a classification parameter and that the segmentation is carried out twice on the compressed area and decoded image In experiments, the modified algorithm is more robust and quicker than the proposed one It can extract VO (video object) with velvet contour, which can be used in the shape retrieval and the important object retrieval


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effectiveness of atomoxetine in a real-world attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) population.

DESIGN
A retrospective chart review with two nonrandomized samples-patients treated with atomoxetine and patients treated with stimulants.

SETTING
One community mental health clinic.

PARTICIPANTS
Over a two-year period, 85 patients treated with atomoxetine and 81 patients treated with stimulants were identified. Many patients had comorbid conditions and were treated concomitantly with other medications.

MEASUREMENTS
Clinical Global Impression-Improvement scale (CGI-I) and Global Assessment of Functioning scale (GAF).

RESULTS
On average, all patients showed mild improvement, as measured by the CGI, while staying on the same medication for approximately six months. There was no significant difference in GAF, at baseline or at endpoint, or in CGI at endpoint between the two groups. Even though more patients on atomoxetine showed side effects, there was a trend for patients to stay on it longer.

CONCLUSION
Taking into account the limitations of a retrospective chart review in nonrandomized samples, it appears that patients with (comorbid) ADHD benefit as well from atomoxetine as from stimulants. If replicated in larger, better controlled studies, atomoxetine should be considered a first-line agent for the treatment of ADHD.


With the rapid development of Cloud computing, Internet of Things and social network technologies, the network data are increasing dramatically. The security of massive data interaction has attracted more and more attention in recently years. This paper discusses the encryption principles, advantages and disadvantages of some mainstream massive data encryption technologies, i.e., the encryption technology based on modern cryptosystem, the encryption technology based on parallel and distributed computing, the encryption technology based on biological engineering, and Attribute-based massive data encryption technology. Finally, we outlook the need-to-be solved problems and development trend of the massive data encryption technology.


The study of multi domain proteins and their complexes in solution using X-ray and neutron solution scattering data is a valuable tool for structural biologists. This thesis describes how a novel automated computer modelling technique combined with high quality solution scattering data and biochemical knowledge can be used to give biologically significant information. In this study the use of this technique as applied to two biochemical systems is described. The first system to be studied was the interaction between tissue factor (TF) and blood coagulation Factor Vila (FVIIa), an interaction essential as an initiator of the blood coagulation cascade. FVIIa is a four domain plasma protein consisting of a serum protease domain with two glycosylation sites, two epidermal growth factor domains and a C-terminal Gla domain (a domain rich in y-carboxyglutamic residues). TF has two extracellular Fn-III domains which are bound to the cell membrane by a transmembrane region. In initial studies we were able to show how FVIIa complexed with sTF, formed a compact conformation in solution, confirming the findings of biochemical studies which had implicated numerous residues involved in complex formation. Modelling allowed us to propose domain models for free FVIIa and the complex between sTF and FVIIa which was subsequently confirmed by the crystal structure for this complex. The second protein to be studied was the pentameric ring structure of serum amyloid P (SAP). Although SAP is a plasma protein with no known biological function, SAP is found in all amyloid deposits and is believed to play a protective role in preventing normal body responses to removing such plaques. Previous studies had shown that SAP could exist as a pentamer or a decamer in solution. Even though the crystal structure of the pentameric form was known there were no details of how the decamer was formed. Using solution scattering data, along with the high resolution crystal structure of the stable pentameric ring, it was possible both to produce a model for the decamer, and to assess critically the parameters used in the modelling procedure. This study has advanced the method of scattering analysis. The ease of modelling solution scattering data makes it a valuable technique which is now becoming a routine procedure in structural and functional analysis of proteins.


The difference in structure parameters can be utilized to distinguish different space cone targets effectively. Due to the fact that the high resolution range profile (HRRP) sequence contains the structure and shape information of the observed target, an inversion method for geometrical structure parameters of space cone targets based on the HRRP sequence was proposed in this paper. Firstly, the projected length of the target under different radar line of sight conditions was analyzed. Then, aiming at the problem of a relatively large error of the projected length extracted by the traditional threshold method under the strong noise condition in the actual measurement, a method to estimate the projected length was proposed after extraction of the optimum path by the improved ant colony algorithm. Finally, the generatrix length and the half cone angle were estimated by the triangular fitting. By comparison of the traditional method through simulation, it was demonstrated that the proposed method could still obtain relatively high estimation accuracy of structure parameters under the condition of a comparatively low signal-to-noise ratio.


The economic integration in Yangtze Delta has become an irreversible trend for the economic development of this area. Compared with the other areas in our country ,the Yangtze Delta not only has the characteristics of the economic integration, but also demonstrates its distinguished features such as the considerable economic volume, the homogeneity of investment environment, the export-oriented economy within the urban area. The economic integration with these features will surely be a breakthrough compared with the traditional economic model.


Abstract The relationship between molecular structures and amorphous thermal properties of some steroids were investigated in the design of rewritable color recording media. Amorphous states with a high glass transition temperature (T g) were produced from steroids with plural hydrogen-bonding sites separated. Rapid crystallization was observed for steroids with a hydrogen-bonding site or without a flexible alkyl chain. Polymorphism of crystals is also discussed.


Introduction.Part I: A Blast of Flash.Chapter 1: Getting Acquainted with Flash MX 2004.Chapter 2: Your Basic Flash.Part II: 1,000 Pictures and 1,000 Words.Chapter 3: Getting Graphic.Chapter 4: You Are the Object Editor.Chapter 5: What's Your Type?Chapter 6: Layer It On.Part III: Getting Symbolic.Chapter 7: Heavy Symbolism.Chapter 8: Pushing Buttons.Part IV: Total Flash-o-Rama.Chapter 9: Getting Animated.Chapter 10: Getting Interactive.Chapter 11: Extravagant Audio, High-Velocity Video.Part V: The Movie and the Web.Chapter 12: Putting It All Together.Chapter 13: Publishing Your Flash Files.Part VI: The Part of Tens.Chapter 14: Frequently Asked Questions.Chapter 15: The Top Ten Web Design Tips.Chapter 16: The Ten Best Flash Resources.Chapter 17: Ten Great Web Sites That Use Flash.Part VII: Appendixes.Appendix A: Installing Flash and Setting Your Preferences.Appendix B: The Property Inspector and the Panels.Appendix C: What Those Obscure Terms Really Mean.Appendix D: What's on the CD-ROM.Index.End-User License Agreement.


CITATION: Ehlers, A. 2012. Business, state and society - doing business apartheid style : the case of Pep Stores Peninsula Limited. New Contree, 63:35-66.


Treatment for HIV is lifelong and sustained adherence to treatment is critical to ensure virological suppression (1–3), particularly among children and adolescents who have poorer treatment outcomes than adults with limited information on their adherence (4,5). With low or erratic adherence to treatment, drug levels drop allowing a window of opportunity for virus multiplication and selection of drug-resistant viral strains(6). Therefore, continued careful monitoring of adherence is critical to promptly identify and rectify treatment challenges.


One method for measuring the response time of temperature sensors, the plunge test, verifies that the sensor has a suitable response time in the laboratory before installation. However, plunge test results cannot be extrapolated to the response time in an operating plant because response time is affected by multiple factors such as the ratio of internal heat-transfer resistance to the surface heat-transfer resistance, or Biot Modulus. The estimation method presented here can be used to extrapolate laboratory response-time measurements to determine sensor response time in another medium, in different test conditions, or in actual applications such as a nuclear power plant. However, experiments conducted at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have confirmed that the effect of temperature on sensor response time cannot be estimated confidently in an operating environment. Therefore, the loop current step response (LCSR) method was developed to measure the actual in-service response time of nuclear plant temperature sensors.


A study was performed to determine the performance of a wideband chirp-driven waveguide amplifier. Included in the study are the closed-form solutions of the rate equations with a chirped input, the calculation of the frequency errors generated by dispersion and the necessary waveform needed to overcome dispersion and thirdly the effects of a saturation and a nonuniform susceptibility profile across the aperture of the waveguide on the mode quality. The topics discussed in detail are: 1. The absence of saturation-induced power broadening of the amplifier bandwidth in fast chirped radar applications. 2. The excellent mode discrimination properties in waveguide devices, particularly when compared to the more conventional free-space device. 3. The mechanisms that cause degradation in performance of waveguide amplifiers in laser radar applications.


In a recent article published in this Journal, Donnelly (1) makes several comments about some of my previous work with Kirsten Schou on the demand for petrol in Australia which also appeared in this Journal (2). After these comments, he proceeds to present some of his own results on the Australian demand for petrol using a more recent quarterly (1958Q3-1981Q2) data set disaggregated by the six Australian states whereas in my earlier paper the data set was a national annual (1955-1976) time series. The purpose of this short note is both to provide a defense for my earlier short paper in the light of Donnelly's comments and to point out some problems with Donnelly's own work, not the least of which is that most of his results (pp. 194-205) are taken almost verbatim from his earlier paper (3) which is acknowledged only at the end of his paper as a further reference.


A single channel video that depicts the interior of a building during reconstruction. As the sun rises the mechanics and infrastructure of the interior are slowly revealed until workers arrive to inhabit the space and continue their work on the building's transformation. Commissioned by The Swiss Church, Covent Garden to respond to the rebuild of the church (designed by Swiss Architects Christ and Gantenbein), In time 4.14 – 6.02 focuses upon the material state of building as it undergoes its transformation. Consisting of one continuous shot, the film through the precise framing and duration of the image, deliberately empties out the religious significance of the building (no recognizable features of church architecture are in frame). As such it questions how perception can be manipulated through lens based media and the contextualizing of work and how systems of belief inform and influence modes of representation.


TW Draconis is one of the best studied Algol-type eclipsing binaries. There is significant evidence for miscellaneous interacting physical processes between binary components and these are manifested in period and light curve changes. We studied these processes on the basis of a long-time series of photometric and spectroscopic observations.


Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models are increasingly being used to describe and define more meaningful parameters that relate to physiology, anatomy, and biochemistry in the prediction of pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles and tissue concentration–time profiles of the parent drug and metabolites and to provide mechanistic insight into drug dynamics. Physiological data (blood flow rates and tissue volumes), physical data (protein binding and tissue partition coefficients), and biochemical data (Michaelis–Menten parameters for transporters and enzymes, Vmax/Km) are the information required for building a PBPK model. The whole-body PBPK model approach is extremely useful to understand sequential metabolism, the kinetics of metabolites, and examine effects of the transporter and enzyme interplay on the blood and target organ exposures of the drug and its metabolites. The application of PBPK models allows one to make predictions of the exposure in target sites, pharmacological activity, or toxicity and the effects of age, pregnancy, disease states, and drug–drug interactions (DDIs). In this chapter, many cases for the application and usefulness of PBPK models are summarized.

Keywords:

PBPK modeling for intestine;
liver, and kidney;
PBPK modeling for whole-body enzymes;
transporters;
intrinsic clearance;
metabolite;
sequential metabolism


The correspondence between the BV formalism and integration theory on supermanifolds is established. An explicit formula for the density on a Lagrangian surface in a superspace provided with an odd symplectic structure and a volume form is proposed.


ABSTRACT Background Wagner vitreoretinopathy (WVR) is a rare non-syndromic autosomal dominant inherited vitreoretinopathy. We studied the phenotypes of two Chinese families with WVR and identified the pathogenic variants. Materials and Methods Four affected individuals were involved in this study. Three of them underwent detailed ophthalmic examinations, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), dilated ophthalmoscopy, optical coherence tomography (OCT), visual field testing, and electroretinograms (ERG). The DNA sample of the proband was sequenced using our customized capture panel, which includes 338 retinal disease genes. Sanger sequencing was performed for validation and segregation. Results Affected subjects manifested typical WVR features, including an optically empty vitreous with vitreoretinal membranes and veils, chorioretinal atrophy, and presenile cataracts. One patient was complicated with retinal detachment. BCVA ranged from light perception to 20/33. Reduced retinal thickness, loss, or discontinuation of ellipsoid and interdigitation zone were shown by OCT. Visual field testing displayed various degrees of peripheral vision loss. ERG recorded moderate to severe decline of both rod and cone responses. Next generation sequencing (NGS) combined with segregation test revealed two splice-site pathogenic variants (c.9265 + 2 T > A and c.4004–1 G > T) in VCAN gene. Conclusions Clinical manifestations are highly variable among WVR patients. Retinal detachment is common in WVR and the most vision-threatening complication. Next generation sequencing is a useful tool in precise diagnosis of this spectrum of diseases with highly heterogeneous or overlapped phenotypes.


The article is devoted to one of the poems of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle which is little read and less commented upon. The meaning of the poem on the death of Alfred the AEtheling, the brother of king Edward the Confessor, which is included into the Abingdon and Worcester manuscripts for the year 1036, is reconstructed on the basis of comparison with the later sources of the 11 th -12 th centuries. The analysis of the poem shows that its rhythmical, sound, lexical and syntactic organization goes back not to the Western-Germanic tradition of alliterative verse but to the hagiographical and homiletic tradition recorded in the rhythmical and alliterative prose of Wulfstan and AElfric. An attempt is made to show that the compiler of the Chronicle composed the poem on the death of Alfred following the example of an earlier rhythmical text on the death of Edward the Martyr included into the Peterborough manuscript as an annal for the year 978.


The chapter assesses the aesthetic tradition and socio-historical transition in performative practices as regards the AIDS epidemic in Africa, with special focus on Tanzania. Ritual has traditionally been considered as a means of social change, while theatre has been viewed as a reflexive and commenting practice. However, changes in social structures ' not least due to AIDS ' have altered the efficacy of cultural practices. Community theatre is a more democratic and variable forum than traditional rites and offers alternative 'ritual changes' for HIV preventive purposes. These functions are appreciated through explorations of the performative conditions of ritual and theatre respectively. A paradoxical scenario is revealed towards the end of the article, however, where performances that come too close to the burning political and gender issues risk being isolated by communities that may not be ready for too radical changes. The contents of the article cuts across the disciplinary fields of performance studies, ritual studies, historical and social anthropology and philosophy. This publication pertains to a three-year project called AIDS and the Art of Survival: African Community Theatre as HIV Prevention for which Johansson has accessed external funding from SIDA, the Swedish International Development Agency and Cooperation.


The films of the present disclosure have a thickness from about 8 to about 150 microns and contain from about 40 to about 95 weight percent of a polyimide derived from: i. at least one aromatic dianhydride, at least about 85 mole percent of such aromatic dianhydride being a rigid rod type monomer, and ii. at least one aromatic diamine, at least about 85 mole percent of such aromatic diamine being a rigid rod type monomer. The films of the present disclosure further comprise a filler that: i. is less than about 800 nanometers in at least one dimension; ii. has an aspect ratio greater than about 3:1; iii. is less than the thickness of the film in all dimensions; and iv. is present in an amount from about 5 to about 60 weight percent of the total weight of the film.


Extensive testing is constrained by a lack of resources and time limitations. As a result, producing appropriate testing data in real-time is critical for advancing the entire application process. A search-based optimization technique has been used to create application testing data since 1992, and interest and action in this area had also recently increased. According to the study, modifying the t-way parametric interaction could indeed drastically reduce the amount of testing data. Based on this idea, many t-way test data procedures have already emerged over the past decade. According to the latest research, utilizing synthetic intelligence-based searching to start generating test data can yield near-optimal results. Acquiring the finest test data, on either hand, appears to be tricky. As a result, generating the biggest selection of testing data for a methodology is practically impossible. This study proposed a swarm smart exploring technique for trying to generate relatively close test records based on the review of recent research of legitimate diverse search-based optimal control methodologies. The results obtained are compared to those of other well-known techniques. According to experiment findings, the suggested technique is extremely fair in terms of test data dimension.


The aim of this paper is to explore the inner workings of executive coaching and to offer an explanation for its effectiveness in developing leadership. In today's organizations, formal education programs meet only 10 to 20% of organizational needs in leadership development. This calls for other strategies that can effectively address the current gap in leadership capabilities. Executive coaching provides a personalized, structured, informal and action-based learning process, focused mainly on developing leadership in other words, on increasing the effectiveness of an individual's relational capabilities. It involves a relationship and trust building process, and an incremental learning process based on feedback, insession interventions, and assignments between sessions that contribute to deep learning and behaviour change. Insight is a key factor in learning and behaviour change during Executive coaching and can be observed as significant events reported


Excerpt] 1199's contract campaign of 1989 resulted in more than a contract victory for 50,000 hospital and nursing home workers. It marked the moment when 1199 reconstituted itself. The method and form that reconstitution took had everything to with the peculiar history of the union and a fundamentally destabilizing leadership crisis, with the racial and ethnic diversity of the people in the union and the different kinds of work they do, and with the industry they work in. Ironically, some of the techniques used to achieve the victory, developed to compensate for structural weaknesses, reinforced those weaknesses. The union's continuing problem is to find ways of integrating its successes with its ordinary life.


In this paper,Mao Zedong's conception of development is related from the aspects of aims of development,motives of development,stages of development,mays of development and laws of development.Concerning aims of development,Mao held that they consisted of the development of productivity,people's affluence,and the modernization of the country;concerning motives of development,he had the opinion that contradictions were the basic motives of development;concerning stages of development,he thought that the development of any society are divided into stages and fathered the theory of the transition of socialism;concerning ways of development,his besic ideas were to achieve quick development by means of speedy methods;concerning laws of development,he explored from the perspective of philosophy.


The objective of this study is to explore the potential impacts of implementing a queue warning system on mobility in a connected environment. Queue warning is intended to provide drivers sufficient warning of downstream queues in order to reduce speed safely, change lanes, or use alternative routes. In a connected environment, queues can be detected more accurately and drivers notified in time for smooth and effective action. To study the impacts of queue warning, this approach was implemented in a microscopic simulation platform, allowing investigation of performance under different control features. The queue warning approach is based on a four- step model (1): queue detection, broadcasting queue information, receiving queue information, and warning drivers. A hypothetical two-lane highway was simulated with and without queue warning. A sensitivity analysis to different system parameters including detection speed, queue warning zone, and minimum queue duration was performed. Simulation results indicated that, as expected, implementing queue warning can potentially reduce length of the developed queues by redistributing long queues over more lanes. Higher reductions in queue length can be achieved with higher connection rates. However, queue warning could, in certain circumstances, lead to higher overall queue duration. Optimal design levels for the queue warning zone and minimum queue length (trigger) were explored with regard to maximizing reduction in queue length and minimizing queue duration. Further research is required to characterize drivers' lane-changing behavior while queue warning is active.


Bhushan S. Pattni,† Vladimir V. Chupin,‡ and Vladimir P. Torchilin*,†,§,∥ †Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States ‡Laboratory for Advanced Studies of Membrane Proteins, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia


The Liao River is a comparatively bigger river in the south of Northeast China.Liao river in the south and Heilong river in the north are two major rivers in Northeast China.The major length of Liao river is 1,390km,with drainage area of 2,190,000 square kilometers.The geological environment of Liao river region is very complicated covering three mountain chains(Changbai,Daxing'anling,and Yan mountain chains)including hills,plains,desert,and wet land until it goes into Liaodong bay.Based on the structure of the space distribution,it is believed that the early ethnic cultural relics distribute in west,east and lower Liao river basins.The early civilization here has close relationship with the Xia and Shang civilization at the Yellow River basin and Yan mountain region.This civilization is age-old and mature and has great influence upon the civilizations at northeast China and Korean Peninsula.


Present state of the knowledge of the Palaearctic Microchelonus species: 1) In Tobias (2010)monographed 434 Microchelonus species occuring in the Palaearctic Region of which Tobias
alone has described 379 new species during the last five decades. 2) His monographic survey essentially promoted the identification of the Palaearctic species. In the present
contribution 86 known Microchelonus species are reported. The majority of them are new to the fauna of one, or more, countries in the region; the respective countries are marked with an asterisk (*) in the Faunistic List. Besides the 86 species two new species are added: M. moczari and M. spinulosus, they are compared to their nearest allies. Redescription is presented for the "omitted" (nomen oblitum) species M. subsulcatus (Herrich-Schaffer, 1838)
originally described in the genus Chelonus. Taxonomic notes and nearest allies of M. iranicus Tobias are presented. The total number of the Microchelonus species here treated is 88.
With 95 linedrawn figures.


The joke was at all events In Its having befa I I en them, him and his admirable anxious, conscientious wife, who, living on their sufficient means In their discreet way, liked, respected, and even perhaps a bit envied, In the Wimbledon world (with so much good old mahogany and so many Bartolozzis, to say nothing of their collection of a dozen family miniatures) to have to pick up again as best they could— which was the way Jane put It—the life that Miss Montravers, their unspeakable niece, though not, absolutely not and never, as every one would have It, their adopted daughter, had smashed Into smithereens by leaving their roof, from one day to the other, to place herself Immediately under the protection, or at least under the Inspiration, of a little painter-man commonly called Puddlck, who had no pretensions to being a gentleman and had given her lessons ("Mora Montravers," p. 268).'


In this study,sucrose,citric acid and stabilizing agent were added to the fermented liquid of Cordyceps militaris and hawthorn to produce the composite healthy beverage.Response surface methodology was used to optimize the formulation of composite parameters.The results indicated that optimal technical conditions were: fermented liquid of Cordyceps militaris-hawthorn 74.49%,sucrose 6.06%,citric acid 0.11% and stabilizing agent 0.15%.Under this condition,the appearance,shape,color and luster,taste of composite healthy beverage were the best and the highest comprehensive score of 97.38 was obtained.The product qualities meet the national food production and health standards.The shelf-life tests showed that the shelf life of this beverage can be up to one year.


A cooperative trial with Sigco Research was planted at a location near Crookston, Minn. Plots consisted of 6- to 15-inch rows 20 ft long. Treatments wer originally arranged in a randomized complete block. However, an error in treatments required comparison of 3 regimes replicated 8 times. The relative rigor of the comparisons, the paucity of data, and the fact the Furadan CR-10 had not been tested in Minnesota before 1987 encouraged us to publish the trial The Furadan CR-10 was planted on 10 Apr with the seed using a cone-type 6-row planter. Moisture was very short in these finely textured soils. Folia applications were made on 19 May when seed was approximately 30% germinated. The foliar was broadcast at 40 psi, using a hand-held COa sprayer applying 17 gal/acre.


Xia Yan deserves the title of great playwright of profound significance. No matter how people evaluate and criticize him, from either the perspective of modern Chinese literature or drama, the value of his work still remains great. Xia Yan, especially in his form and style, combined both a focus on the events of his time and an enthusiasm for politics with his unique form of artistic expression.


The present invention discloses a multi-stage series liquid surface fermentation bioreactors, comprising interconnected main fermenter, tank culture and seed tank, a tank connecting the medium outlet tube, even the consumer is provided on a lead-out pipe means; said main fermenter top are provided with a heat medium storage tank, two or more sub-tank fermentation, a fermentation broth and the storage tank; means for deriving the two pipes even elimination, introducing a culture located medium inlet side of the upper portion of the base insulation tank, introducing the other side of the lower tank located seed seed tank inlet; the lower end of the seed can derive a seed for conveying liquid seed tubes, pipes are connected into each seed a sub-tank fermentation. The present invention is an anti-contamination capability, large equipment space utilization, easy to operate, the valve operation is substantially higher degree of integration, high efficiency.


Adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity and liver function tests were examined in dermatophytic cattle. In addition, the possible effect/s of the disease on the activities of liver enzymes were investigated. Ten dermatophytic and 10 healthy animals aged between 10 and 12 months were used. Blood samples were obtained from each animal. The samples were left for 30 min at room temperature, and then centrifuged at 3000 x g for 10 min. Serum ADA, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gammaglutamyl transferase (GGT) were analysed colorimetrically. Serum ADA, LDH, and ALT activities were significantly higher in dermatophytic cattle, compared to those of healthy group (P<0.01). In addition, GGT and AST activities in dermatophytic cattle were statistically compared higher to those of the healthy ones. In conclusion, the results of the present study show that the increases in ADA and liver enzyme activities can be an indication of the loss of liver function. The increase in enzyme activity in the current study might have been caused by metabolic products of the fungi.


In Saccharomyces cerevisiae , mating pheromones activate two MAP kinases (MAPKs), Fus3p and Kss1p, to induce G1 arrest prior to mating. Fus3p is known to promote G1 arrest by activating Far1p, which inhibits threeClnp/Cdc28p kinases.Toanalyze thecontributionof Fus3pandKss1p toG1arrest thatisindependent of Far1p, we constructed far1 CLN strains that undergo G1 arrest from increased activation of the mating MAP kinase pathway. We find that Fus3p and Kss1p both control G1 arrest through multiple functions that operate in parallel with Far1p. Fus3p and Kss1p together promote G1 arrest by repressing transcription of G1/S cyclin genes ( CLN1 , CLN2 , CLB5 ) by a mechanism that blocks their activation by Cln3p/Cdc28p kinase. In addition, Fus3p and Kss1p counteract G1 arrest through overlapping and distinct functions. Fus3p and Kss1p together increase the expression of CLN3 and PCL2 genes that promote budding, and Kss1p inhibits the MAP kinase cascade. Strikingly, Fus3p promotes proliferation by a novel function that is not linked to reduced Ste12p activity or increased levels of Cln2p/Cdc28p kinase. Genetic analysis suggests that Fus3p promotes proliferation through activation of Mcm1p transcription factor that upregu-lates numerous genes in G1 phase. Thus, Fus3p and Kss1p control G1 arrest through a balance of arrest functions that inhibit the Cdc28p machinery and proliferative functions that bypass this inhibition.


(CsI) n Cs + (n = 0-2) and C + 60 projectiles were used to bombard a sodium tetrafluoroborate (NaBF 4 ) target at energies ranging from 18 to 28 keV. The objective of these experiments was to monitor the emission of two series of secondary ions following atomic and polyatomic projectile impacts. One series is based on BF 4 - and its incorporation into larger polyatomic ions that reflect the stoichiometry of the original solid. The other series is based on repeating (NaF) units, and presumably represents artifact ions created by primary ion impact induced recombination/rearrangement reactions. The relative yields of several secondary ions representing both types of ion formation were measured as a function of the primary ion velocity (velocity is proportional to the kinetic energy per mass unit). When normalized to the number of projectile constituents, the secondary ion yields follow distinct trends. The non-linear increase in the yield of (NaF)F- demonstrates greater sensitivity to the number of projectile constituents than intact, analytically useful ions such as BF 4 - and (NaBF 4 )BF 4 - .


Employee engagement (EE) has been shown to have important implications [1] for the success of organizations. Most researchers have discussed employee engagement in terms of factors in a top-down, hierarchical model of the organization. However, there may also be contributing factors from an employee's organizational social network (OSN). In this paper, we show that an employee's social network attributes can contribute to the prediction of engagement, primarily through centrality and homophily in a large, multinational company (LargeCorp). Our research expands the range of theoretical factors that can predict employee engagement from a vertical, three factor model to a more horizontal, four factor model. We also discuss how this work points toward a richer set of methods to predict and track engagement over time and its connections to the broader HCI research community.


Unlike in conventional semiconductors, both the chemical potential and the band gap in bilayer graphene (BLG) can be tuned via application of external electric field. Among numerous device implications, this property also designates BLG as a candidate for high-performance thermoelectric material. In this theoretical study we have calculated the Seebeck coefficients for abrupt interface separating weakly- and heavily-doped areas in BLG, and for a more realistic rectangular sample of mesoscopic size, contacted by two electrodes. For a given band gap () and temperature (T) the maximal Seebeck coefficient is close to the Goldsmid–Sharp value , the deviations can be approximated by the asymptotic expression , with the electron charge  −e, the Boltzmann constant , and . Surprisingly, the effects of trigonal warping term in the BLG low-energy Hamiltonian are clearly visible at few-Kelvin temperatures, for all accessible values of meV. We also show that thermoelectric figure of merit is noticeably enhanced (ZT  >  3) when a rigid substrate suppresses out-of-plane vibrations, reducing the contribution from ZA phonons to the thermal conductivity.


There's a hook in the office of Maithri Panagoda. It's where he hangs his suit coat - and his work problems - at the end of each day as a personal injury lawyer and partner at Carroll and O'Dea.


Purpose
The Albanian migration has always reflected a family character, be that before 1945 when Albania was not yet completely isolated, as well as after 1990 when borders were reopened. This feature characterized all types of movement, internal or international, permanent or seasonal migration, return migration or transnational movements and remigration. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of the family as a very important factor in making decisions regarding migration and answering questions from why to how to migrate, from when to where, whom to ask for help or how to invest remittances.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on the case study of a rural area in Northern Albania, the Administrative Unit of Dajç, this paper explores in detail the roles of family and kinship on decisions regarding return migration, the re-adjustment process, remigration or transnational life.

Findings
By exploring the role of the family context in remigration and vice-versa, the paper reflects that the family biography – including the lifestyle, plans for the future or expectations – has changed due to previous migration experiences or challenges and difficulties when returning to the home country.

Originality/value
It demonstrates how individual decisions to migrate or to "return home" are negotiated and supported within families making transnational life a family project. The paper adopts a new approach in the Albanian Migration Studies, which may be implied on broader areas for further research in the future.


Objective To compare and evaluate constituents of Fructus citri Sarcodactylis from different places. Methods We analyzed 10 kinds of Fructus citri Sarcodactylis from different places. The data were processed by PCA of chemometrics and the characteristic constituents of Fructus citri Sarcodactylis from different places were measured. Results Fructus citri Sarcodactylis from Fujian, Anhui, and Jiangsu had similar chemical constituents; the constituents of Fructus citri Sarcodactylis from Sichuan, Yunnan, and Guangxi were affinibus, and the constituents of Fructus citri Sarcodactylis from Chaozhou, Meizhou, and Zhaoqing of Guangdong province were also close to one another; Fructus citri Sarcodactylis from Zhejiang was distinctive from the others. At last, 9 compounds which had more contribution value in Fructus citri Sarcodactylis from different origins were found. Conclusion There distinction may be related to the habitat in the constituents of Fructus citri Sarcodactylis from 10 different origins. Rapid analysis and identification provide experimental basis for the quality control of Fructus citri Sarcodactylis.


Summary Chromosome numbers of five Alyssum species ( A. aizoides Boiss., A. aureum (Fenzl) Boiss., A. baumgartnerianum Bornm. ex Baumg. A. constellatum Boiss. and A. xanthocarpum Boiss.) from Turkey have been reported for the first time. A. aizoides and A. baumgartnerianum are tetraploid (2 n =4 x =32) while A. aureum , A. constellatum and A. xanthocarpum are diploid (2 n =2 x =16).


From the standpoint of literature the preteen age girls (the eleven and twelve year olds) are no longer children, yet they are neither young adults, nor adults. They are in a class by themselves. They are mature in many respects. They have outgrown childish playthings. They are interested in the newest trends in styles. They like nice clothes. They are always fussing with their hair. They are beginning to be interested in boys. But what are their reading habits? Teachers often, and rightly so, feel that boys are their problem readers. However, the problem of the reading habits of the pre-teen age girls needs identification. These advanced girls need special reading guidance. Boys do not need this particular type of guidance. Most boys are interested in sports, cars, science, frontier living, history, outdoor adventure, and hunting. While many girls who are good readers are reading far above their sixth grade level, often into the adult range. In many instances, depending upon the availability of the books, these girls are reading adult best sellers. And some may be reading pulp magazines. Most pulp magazines and many adult best sellers are not meant for the maturing girl. Throughout the grades children have constantly been introduced to realism. The hard facts of life, disappointment, poverty, illness, and death should not be withheld to such an extent that later there is a rude


Abstract A case is reported of a 29‐yr‐old female with attacks of aphasia/ dysphasia over a period of several months which lasted days to weeks accompanied by a dysphoric state. The patient was for long regarded as endogenous depressive with a hysterical speech disorder. However, the diagnosis of epilepsy was finally made based on generalized attacks, appropriate EEG changes, and the response to anti‐epileptic therapy.


As Nelson Mandela remarked at the dawn of the new millennium, ordinary people want 'the simple opportunity to live a decent life, to have a proper shelter and food to eat, to be able to care for their children and to' live with dignity, to have good education for their charges, their health needs cared for and to have access to paid employment' ( cited by Camdessus, 2000C). This spells out most of the ingredients of Human Security.


Public health researchers and practitioners seek to expeditiously publish their findings to share them with the scientific and practice communities, thereby informing the public and advancing public health. In this information age, authors benefit from ever-evolving technology that permits electronic submission of papers at portals around the globe. A corollary is that an ever-increasing multitude of papers now arrive at the American Journal of Public Health (AJPH), many of which are only marginally related to public health or fail to meet minimum criteria for scientific and statistical rigor.1,2 Here we explicate our team-based approach to the screening and review of papers submitted to the AJPH, along with the time required for the process to proceed step-by-step from electronic submission by authors to formal online publication by production staff.

Red Gate Garden, Brooklyn, NY, 1999. Gardener: James Williams, Jr. Photographer: Steffi Graham. Printed with permission.


Abstract Thermal decomposition of sugarcane bagasse (SCB), yellow poplar (YP), and biomass polymers (xylan, cellulose and lignin) were studied under isothermal conditions using a specially designed thermogravimetric analyzer (Quartz Wool Matrix, QWM) in the temperature range 240–300 °C. Reactivity of biomass was predicted using the measured reactivity of three individual polymers and a simple arithmetic superposition principle. The superposition model was modified to increase the prediction accuracies of torrefaction behavior. To evaluate the impact of torrefaction on combustion, the combustion kinetics were also studied for the torrefied SCB and YP, and for the pyrolyzed YP. Activation energies for combustion reaction using the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method for the non-isothermal events were estimated as a function of the degree of conversion. Reactivity indexes were also determined for each sample when 50% of decomposition was reached. Different stages of thermal degradation of each polymer in the material were identified in the combustion process, which was significant only at the low heating rate. The results confirm that the reaction rate decreases with torrefaction, thereby increasing the reaction index. The char from the torrefied biomass has more thermal stability than the char from raw biomass, which can be confirmed by the increased reaction index.


In this paper, a fiber-based tunable mode rotator is proposed and demonstrated by using the few mode-polarization maintaining fiber (FM-PMF). The mode birefringence in the FM-PMF causes phase difference between two orthogonal degenerate modes. With rotating the FM-PMF segment and getting a variation of aligning angle between the injected LP11 (LP21) mode axis and FM-PMF axis, another intended LP11 (LP21) mode with a certain orientation can be controllably generated at the FM-PMF output.


It is not my purpose in this paper to discuss the fundamental principles of bone transplantation in the human body, nor do I intend to review in detail the work of the various experimenters in this field of surgery. Suffice it to say that nearly all that has been written on this subject has had to do with supplying defects in the various bones of the body, chiefly those of the head and the long bones, while little has been said about the introduction of bone into the soft tissues, where the conditions for its nourishment and growth must differ widely from those where the graft is used to supply a deficiency in the continuity of another bone. It is generally admitted (1) that the autoplastic operation, i. e., the transference of bone from one part of the body to another gives the quickest and best results; (2) that homoplastic


Authors in this volume Robert HARMSEN and Menno SPIERING: Introduction: Euroscepticism and the Evolution of European Political Debate Paul HAINSWORTH, Carolyn O'BRIEN and Paul MITCHELL: Defending the Nation: The Politics of Eurosceptisicm on the French Right Susan MILNER: For an Alternative Europe: Euroscepticism and the French Left Since the Maastricht Treaty Klaus BUSCH and Wilhelm KNELANGEN: German Euroscepticism Robert HARMSEN: Euroscepticism in the Netherlands: Stirrings of Dissent Menno SPIERING: British Euroscepticism Peter J. ANDERSON: A Flag of Convenience? Discourse and Motivations of the London-based Eurosceptic Press Karin GILLAND: Irish Euroscepticism Milena SUNNUS: Swedish Euroscepticism: Democracy, Sovereignty and Welfare Anton PELINKA: Austrian Euroscepticism: The Shift From the Left to the Right Petr KOPECKY: An Awkward Newcomer? EU Enlargement and Euroscepticism in the Czech Republic Aleks SZCZERBIAK: Polish Euroscepticism in the Run-up to EU Accession Clive H. CHURCH: Swiss Euroscepticism: Local Variations on Wider Themes


"The juxtaposition of contrasting grammatical concepts may be compared with the so‑called 'dynamic cutting' in film montage, a type of cutting, which, e.g, in Spottiswoode's definition, uses the juxtaposition of contrasting shots or sequences to generate in the mind of the spectator ideas that these shots or sequences by themselves do not carry."Roman Jakobson K.M: The poetics of place has been a central theme in your work since the 1970s. After years of doing fieldwork in Bosavi, Papua New G...


Hypoxia has been extensively studied in solid tumors mainly in breast cancers and it is commonly associated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy resistance. Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α is responsible for hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment and its molecular mechanisms as well as its therapeutic strategies have been described. However, a few investigations in the literature deal with its role in the hypoxic environment at diagnosis with the aim to guide therapeutic approaches. This study alerts researchers in pathology and oncology to the importance of assessing area extension as well as specific biomarkers, inasmuch as molecules reactive to hypoxia may indicate response to antiangiogenic therapy. The extension of hypoxic areas may alter the choice of therapeutic approach, insofar as some antiangiogenic treatments may considerably aggravate patient's clinical course since they create a hypoxic environment.


Abstract.  In this paper, we consider a partial linear regression model with measurement errors in possibly all the variables. We use a method of moments and deconvolution to construct a new class of parametric estimators together with a non‐parametric kernel estimator. Strong convergence, optimal rate of weak convergence and asymptotic normality of the estimators are investigated.


T. Kalber, J. Pugh, N. Kamaly, J. Bunch, J. Bell, A. Miller, and C. McLeod Metabolite and Molecular Imaging Group, ISD, MRC CSC, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, Centre for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom, Imperial College Genetic Therapies Centre, Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom


The system of the main pipeline transportation of oil and petroleum products operated by tens of thousands of pumping units, efficient economical operation of which is a crucial challenge for the staff. One of the main reasons for the emergency stop of the process of pumping oil and petroleum products in the pipeline transportation system is the increased vibration of pumps and related equipment. The source of increased vibration exposure in the «pump - pipe» system is often not only the pump unit, but pump piping also. Piping of the pumping unit in case of its operating parameters changing can be entered to resonance [1, 5]. The article discusses the reasons and oscillation magnitude of the booster pump NMP 5000-90 and its piping. It provides a solution that allows to get away from the resonance and reduce the vibrations of the piping and pump unit. The causes of large vibrations of main pump units piping and its influence to the level of the pump unit oscillations are analyzed. According to discussed case the possibility of «classic» vibration isolator usage is analyzed. It's made in terms of their effectiveness and the amount of force transmitted to the foundation. It is proposed the layout drawing of the passive vibration isolator with negative stiffness, allowing to reduce the natural frequency of pipeline and, thereby, to get out of resonance with the disturbing frequency of the pump unit. The advantage of these isolators is also the simplicity of construction and a substantial reduction of the force transmitted to the foundation, particularly in comparison to the «classic» vibration isolation systems. The usage of such systems can be very effective to dump vibrations of pump piping and thereby to reduce pump unit oscillations.


Space-Filling Thumbnails (SFT) is a new technique for document navigation that disposes of traditional scrollbars. SFT provides a matrix of thumbnail images, one for every page of the document, on a single screen. Pages can be selected for viewing by using a mouse. A prototype Space-Filling Thumbnails interface has been designed, developed and implemented. Six further document navigation systems have been implemented to enable comparative evaluations. Three formal experiments have been carried out, all of which have shown Space-Filling Thumbnails to be more efficient than other research and mainstream document navigation systems. The first experiment (n= 13) showed SFT to be significantly faster than all other document navigation interfaces for both visual search and spatial re-acquisition tasks. Experiment Two ( n = 32) showed that SFT is robust and faster than Thumbnail-Enhanced Scrollbars (TES) for visual and spatial search tasks in documents of differing lengths. Lastly, in Experiment Three ( n = 12), the possible "Achilles' Heel" of SFT was tested—long documents. SFT proved to be more efficient than TES even in its "worst-case scenario" situation—a 300 page book. Subjective measures from these experiments showed favour for SFT. We have shown that Space-Filling Thumbnails outperforms traditional document navigation systems through the exploitation of users' spatial memory. The swiftness of visual and spatial searches in SFT have proved that this system has the potential to revolutionise document navigation, as a valuable addition to, if not replacement for, scrollbars. Acknowledgements The author would like to thank his supervisor Andy Cockburn for his inspiration, enthusiasm and guidance throughout this project. He would also like to thank his family, staff members and fellow post-graduate students who have shown interest and offered suppor. All of the participants involved in the experiments also deserve thanks, for giving up their time and providing valuable feedback.


In this series of articles, the board members of ChemSusChem discuss recent research articles that they consider of exceptional quality and importance for sustainability. This entry features Prof. A. W. Kleij, who discusses the use of electrosynthesis to advance the regioselective hydrocarboxylation of low-value olefins to afford high-value carboxylic acids using carbon dioxide as reagent. In particular, in a recent breakthrough contribution a general β-carboxylation of aromatic olefins is displayed and as such significantly expands state-of-the-art carboxylation chemistry.


When the Labour government introduced the Employment Relations Act 2000 it was met with a hostile and vociferous campaign of opposition from both the opposition National party and employer lobby groups. A decade later that opposition has largely faded away as it became clear that the labour market changes achieved under the Employment Contracts Act remained intact and as the ground of labour relations changed within that new environment. A year after its election in late 2008 the National government has yet to introduce significant amendments to the Employment Relations Act and looks unlikely to do so. This article asks whether a broad consensus has emerged on the shape of labour law and examines the reasons why such a consensus seems plausible. In doing so it reviews developments under Labour and considers the direction that National might take during its term of office.


The electronic structures of certain molecules containing oxy-sulphur bonds are analyzed insome detail by means of the molecular orbital method. I t is possible to make rough calculations which, despite the complexity of the system s considered, are nevertheless reasonably reliable. The physical and chemical properties of sulphur dioxide, sulphur trioxide and molecules of the types R2SO2 and R2SO are discussed on the basis of these structures. In all these molecules it appears that the oxy-sulphur linkages are best described as double-bonded. A successful correlation between the molecular orbital criterion of bond strengths, namely, the bond orders, and the oxy-sulphur bond force constants may be set up. The measure of agreement attained between observed and predicted properties is quite satisfactory.


Abstract Severe congenital neutropenia (SCN; Kostmann's syndrome or infantile genetic agranulocytosis) defines an inheritable hematopoietic disorder of impaired neutrophil production due to a "maturation arrest" at the promyelocytic stage of differentiation in the bone marrow. SCN patients have recurring severe infections and often develop acute myelogenous leukemia. We and others reported accelerated apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of bone marrow-derived myeloid progenitor cells in SCN patients with autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive inheritance. Heterozygous mutations in the neutrophil elastase (NE) gene encoding a serine protease, are present in a majority of SCN patients, but not in healthy members of the family, thus indicating a key role of mutant NE in pathogenesis of this disorder. To date, there are no animal or cellular models of SCN as both the knock-in of mutant NE as well as the knock-out of normal NE failed to result in neutropenia phenotype in mice. The molecular mechanisms of mutant NE-mediated severe neutropenia remain largely unknown. We hypothesized that mutations in NE expose the protease to a new range of substrates. To explore this proposal, we established a cellular model of SCN based on tetracycline-regulated expression of mutant NE in human promyelocytic tet-off HL-60 cells that very closely recapitulated the human phenotype. Mutant NE expression resulted in a characteristic block of myeloid differentiation - the cellular hallmark of SCN. Expression of the mutant product was associated with a significant reduction in phosphatidylinosytol-3-kinase and phosphorylated PKB/Akt levels and an imbalance of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and pro-apoptotic Bax. These alterations contributed to observed dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential as determined by FACS analysis, aberrant release of cytochrome C, and accelerated apoptosis. Marked changes in actin cytoskeleton that made the cells more rigid appeared to stem from a reduced level of alpha-actinin and elevated level of Rho GTPase. Immunoprecipitation of cell lysates with elastase-specific monoclonal antibodies followed by mass spectrometric analysis revealed that NE interacted with histone H2B, one of the key components of the nucleosome core of the chromatin. Interestingly, the expression level of histone H2B was substantially reduced in cells expressing mutant NE, therefore supporting the notion of altered substrate specificity of mutant NE. Thus, these observations provide the first evidence that mutant NE affects specific signaling pathways that lead to alterations in cytoskeleton and chromatin reorganization, subsequent apoptosis, and a block of myeloid differentiation in SCN. This cellular model of SCN should provide an invaluable tool for screening potential therapeutic agents capable of preventing maturation arrest and leukemogenesis in subjects suffering from severe congenital neutropenia.


Purpose Accurate estimation of the glomerular �ltration rate (GFR) is clinically crucial for determining the status of obstruction, developing treatment strategies, and predicting prognosis in obstructive nephropathy (ON). We aimed to develop a deep learning-based system, named UroAngel, for non-invasive and convenient prediction of single-kidney function level. Methods We retrospectively collected computed tomography urography (CTU) images and emission computed tomography diagnostic reports of 520 ON patients. A 3D U-Net model was used to segment the renal parenchyma, and a logistic regression multi-classication model was used to predict renal function level. We compared the predictive performance of UroAngel with the Modi�cation of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD), Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations and two expert radiologists in an additional 40 ON patients to validate clinical effectiveness.


In one embodiment, the UE determines to transmit a message (e.g., message alert, a call initiation message). Based on the type of message to be transmitted, the UE selectively transmit supplementary data, the supplementary data is configured to prompt the UE to the access network so that the dedicated channel state (DCS) conversion. In another embodiment, the application server is configured to receive a message communication session between the UE arbitration for transmission to the target UE. Based on the type of message to be delivered to the target UE, the application server selectively connected to the service network of the target UE transmit supplementary data, the supplementary data to the service is configured to prompt transition to the target access network DCS. In another embodiment, the access network based on whether the received message in the different sizes at the access network for transmission to a target UE to the target UE to selectively convert DCS.


In today's society, automated teller machine robberies continue to occur. Based on the comparison of various monitoring systems, this paper has produced a bank early warning security intelligent robot based on robot vision, which will detect the target's actions in real time, and will automatically alarm once an abnormality occurs to ensure the personal safety of users. At the same time, in order to improve the use in different situations, combined with machine vision to provide gesture recognition, and use wavelet transform, gaussian denoising, template comparison and other digital algorithms in the image fusion process to improve the accuracy of recognition for the robot in different environments .


Who is responsible for the learning outcomes for a student in higher instrumental education? The issue of students having influence and responsibility over their instrumental learning is a complex question. Based on research, this article discusses three questions. First, the relationship between teachers and students in instrumental lessons; second, the role of the students as practitioners: how independent and responsible their practice behaviour is; third, an institution's role in students' learning. Both teachers and students work in an educational institution. The institutional responsibility for students' learning is the most neglected area of students' learning generally.


Introduction: Acutealcoholic pancreatitis(AAP) contributessigni fi cantly tohealthburdens, possessinghighmorbidity and mortalityrates. Therole of frailty,distinguishedby diminishedphysiologicalreserve andheightenedvulnerabilitytostressors,in predictingadverseoutcomesinvarious medicalconditionsiswell-established.However,thein fl uenceof frailtyonAAPoutcomesremainstobethoroughlyexplored. This study aims to elucidate the association between frailty and acute alcoholic pancreatitis outcomes, utilizing a nationwide readmissions database. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the Nationwide Readmissions Database (NRD) was performed, identifying adult patients diagnosed with AAP from January to November 2018. ICD10 codes were utilized to determine diagnoses. Frailty was evaluated using the Gilbert Frailty Index, with a score of 5 or above indicative of frailty. Primary outcomes comprised in-hospital mortality, length of stay, and 30-day readmission rates. Secondary outcomes included the development of systemic complications and healthcare resource utilization. Logistic regression analysis was used to discern the independent e ff ect of frailty on AAP outcomes, adjusting for potential confounders such as age, gender, comorbidities, and hospital characteristics. Results: A total of 31,569 patients with AAP were included in the analysis. Frailty was present in 36


Both oil palm plantations boerdering forests and oil palm plantations bordering rubber plantations were studied using purposive random sampling with pit fall traps, sweep nets and yellow pan traps. Species biodiversity was analyzed using the Shanon-Wienner index and the Simpson index. The dominant species was determined using the Important Value Index. This study found 1,683 individuals, 7 orders and 18 families of predatory and parasitoid insects. The Shanon-Wienner diversity index was 2.78 for oil palm plantations adjacent to forest and 2.62 for oil palm plantations adjacent to rubber plantations. While the Simpson diversity index was 1.00 for oil palm plantations adjacent to forest and 0.94 for oil palm plantations adjacent to rubber plantations. The Order Hymenoptera Family Formicidae had the highest Important Value Index (0.58 for oil palm plantations bordering forest and 0.62 for oil palm plantations adjacent to rubber plantations).