RELEVANCE. Maintaining the required level of energy security (ES) and reliability of fuel and energy supply is one of the priority tasks in the management of the energy sector. In the functioning of the fuel and energy complex various threats are possible, which can lead to the violation of the reliability of fuel and energy supply and the emergence of shortages ofvarious types of energy resources. To assess the level of energy security, approaches are considered to form a mathematical model of the FEC, which combines all sectors of the energy sector. Despite the trends of transition to low-carbon energy sources associated with energy transformation, thermal power plants remain one of the main sources of heat and electricity.Due to the ability to generate large amounts of heat only thermal power plants can be a source of centralized energy supply of large territories. In this regard, when modeling the fuel and energy complex, it is necessary to develop mathematical models of TPPs, which will correctly reflect the technological processes that affect the reliability of energy supply.   OBJECT. Development of mathematical models of interaction of electric power, heat supply and fuel systems within the framework of thermal power plants designed to study energy security and reliability of fuel and energy supply.   METHODS. Mathematical modeling of fuel consumption dependences on electrical and thermal load at thermal power plants is used as methods. To obtain analytical dependencies, the least squares approximation of the consumption characteristics of thermal power plants was carried out.   RESULTS. As part of the work, analytical dependences of fuel consumption on thermal and electrical load for various types of thermal units were obtained. For all considered steam turbines, linear dependences of theamount of heat supplied to the turbine on its load (electrical and / or heating depending on the type of turbine) were obtained. For boilers, an approximation of the dependence of efficiency on thermal load was carried out. According to the results of the approximation, a linear dependence is assumed. For gas turbine installations, an approximation of the dependence of the efficiency on the load was carried out, according to the results of which a second-order polynomial was obtained.   CONCLUSION. The paper investigates the problem of mathematical modeling of the interconnected operation of fuel, heat and power and electric power systems within the framework of the functioning of the energy sector. Analytical dependences are obtained for different types of generating equipment, including boilers, steam turbines and gas turbine installations. The obtained dependences are necessary for the analysis of energy security and reliability offuel and energy supply. The models of thermal power plants presented in the paper are the most suitable for the analysis of energy security and reliability of fuel and power supply, as they provide the necessary accuracy of calculations and take into account the specifics of various generating equipment, without dropping to the level of microparameters.


Deploying wireless campus network becomes popular in many world universities for the services that are provided. However, it suffers from different issues such as low VoIP network capacity, network congestion effect on VoIP QoS and WLAN multi rate issue due to linkadaptation technique. In this paper a cross layer call admission control (CCAC) scheme is proposed to reduce the effects of these problems on VoWLAN based on monitoring RTCPRR(Real Time Control Protocol ReceiverReport) that provides the QoS level for VoIP and monitoring the MAC layer for any change in the data rate. If the QoS level degrades due to one of the aforementioned reasons, a considerable change in the packet size or the codec type will be the solution. A wireless campus network issimulated using OPNET 14.5 modeler and many scenarios are modeled to improve this proposed scheme.


the complete blood count is a medical diagnostic test concerned with identifying and counting basic blood cells such as red blood cell, white blood cell and platelets. The computerized automation of CBC is the serious problem. Sub component of the CBC is perform the automatic classification white blood cell into one of the five WBC types in low resolution. Segmentation and feature extraction is performed by using k-means clustering using standard intensity and histogram features. PSO is used to select the particular feature, and evolving cascade neural network is used to classify the images.


Reusability has been the main promise object-oriented programming gave to software developers. However, it turned out that object-oriented programming did not bring up measurably more reuse than modular programming. One reason for this was that inheritance had never been examined in detail which introduced unexpected exceptions. In (Zimmerman et al., 1996) this examination had been done at first. Since then it was possible to give rules for the correct use or the misuse of polymorphism. Zimmerman showed further how robust class hierarchies can be constructed. This paper describes a method for the specification and generation of robust hierarchies along a certain set of properties.


The study of music data characterization and extraction techniques belongs to the category of music information retrieval. Music information retrieval is a hot research topic at home and abroad [1]. With the rapid development of the Internet and the maturity of digital audio technology, the creation, storage, and dissemination of digital music have become more and more convenient, and the number of digital music on the Internet has reached a considerable amount [2]. Along with the change in the way consumers access and listen to music and the advent of the big data era, the combination of traditional music information retrieval and today's emerging technical methods has a broader application scene and possibilities [3]. According to the research, with the development of feature extraction and recognition of voice information becoming more and more mature, researchers nowadays start to turn to content-based music information retrieval research to investigate the use of different algorithm technologies to realize information extraction and recognition of music, such as feature extraction and recognition of songs of different music styles [4]. Audio transcoding detection is one of the important components of digital audio forensics. At present, most of the more popular audio on the market is compressed audio such as MP3, AAC audio, etc. This causes criminals to tamper with counterfeit audio, the first step is to decompress the compressed audio into non-compressed audio format, i.e. WAV audio, the second step is to tamper with the audio, delete, insert, splice audio on the WAV audio, etc. Finally, the tampered WAV audio will be compressed to become the desired audio. Since its inception, electronic music contains different genes from traditional music [5]. In a word, its "genetic mutation" includes the acculturalization of musical materials, the non-linearization of organizational structure, the randomization of ontological content, the flow of creative algorithms, the interaction of presentation forms, and so on. In the digital environment, the four traditional compositional components tend to think more comprehensively as a whole or using fuzzy concepts, rather than dealing with certain independent elements individually in the traditional logical, systematic, functional, and systemic manner [6]. However, looking back at the history of music in the twentieth century, anti-traditional and anti-stereotypical post-modernist ideology has emerged, and even in the field of traditional music [7], its development has clearly shown the characteristics of breaking free from the shackles of the major and minor tonal systems of classical music and liberating the mind to create many pioneering genres [8].


An unprecedented singly bonded [6,6,6]-adduct with an abnormal N-heterocyclic carbene structure, represents the first example of carbon-based Lewis acid–base pairs based on endohedral metallofullerenes.


Six fungicides were used either alone or in binary combination to control Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli. Of the three methods of application used, seed treatments and soil drenches were the best, although phytotoxicity was evident in some instances. Application as a seed soak for 1 h proved to be the worst method with most treatments showing signs of phytotoxicity.

The results are discussed with reference to the use of fungicide mixtures to control foot rot of beans.


Deep neural network techniques are being developed to extract sharp edges from fuzzy photos for kernel estimation. The formulation is based on conventional models, but it has limits and is likely to fail when the blurred images contain a large number of outliers, such as saturated regions. For deblurring photos, several neural networks have been constructed that do not address outliers, while non-neural network algorithms have been designed to manage saturation alone. Few smoothing techniques, edge enhancing filters technique are used as an image pre-processing stage before the deconvolution process, but they don't manage saturated pixels, resulting in ringing artifacts and poor deblurring outcomes. In this work, a masking technique is introduced at pre-processing stage to handle saturation effectively in prior to Deep Convolutional Neural Network for image deblurring. The results show the reduced ringing artifacts and considerable improvements with the performance of existing deep deblur networks.


Using the X-ray diffuse scattering technique, KCl crystals alloyed with 0.005 at.% barium were investigated. Possible distributions of Ba2+ impurities in the lattice of KCl, the formation of segregates in the form of additional planes parallel to the {100} and {130} planes of the matrix, are shown. On the basis of the analysis performed on the X-ray photographs the nature of distortions present in the alloyed lattice is ascertained. The influences of the impurities on the binding forces between matrix atoms in the (100) and (130) directions are shown.


Objectives Deep learning–reconstructed diffusion-weighted imaging (DL-DWI) is an emerging promising time-efficient method for liver evaluation, but analyses regarding different motion compensation strategies are lacking. This study evaluated the qualitative and quantitative features, sensitivity for focal lesion detection, and scan time of free-breathing (FB) DL-DWI and respiratory-triggered (RT) DL-DWI compared with RT conventional DWI (C-DWI) in the liver and a phantom. Materials and Methods Eighty-six patients indicated for liver MRI underwent RT C-DWI, FB DL-DWI, and RT DL-DWI with matching imaging parameters other than the parallel imaging factor and number of averages. Two abdominal radiologists independently assessed qualitative features (structural sharpness, image noise, artifacts, and overall image quality) using a 5-point scale. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) along with the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value and its standard deviation (SD) were measured in the liver parenchyma and a dedicated diffusion phantom. For focal lesions, per-lesion sensitivity, conspicuity score, SNR, and ADC value were evaluated. Wilcoxon signed rank test and repeated-measures analysis of variance with post hoc test revealed the difference in DWI sequences. Results Compared with RT C-DWI, the scan times for FB DL-DWI and RT DL-DWI were reduced by 61.5% and 23.9%, respectively, with statistically significant differences between all 3 pairs (all P's < 0.001). Respiratory-triggered DL-DWI showed a significantly sharper liver margin, less image noise, and more minor cardiac motion artifact compared with RT C-DWI (all P's < 0.001), whereas FB DL-DWI showed more blurred liver margins and poorer intrahepatic vessels demarcation than RT C-DWI. Both FB- and RT DL-DWI showed significantly higher SNRs than RT C-DWI in all liver segments (all P's < 0.001). There was no significant difference in overall ADC values across DWI sequences in the patient or phantom, with the highest value recorded in the left liver dome by RT C-DWI. The overall SD was significantly lower with FB DL-DWI and RT DL-DWI than RT C-DWI (all P's ≤ 0.003). Respiratory-triggered DL-DWI showed a similar per-lesion sensitivity (0.96; 95% confidence interval, 0.90–0.99) and conspicuity score to those of RT C-DWI and significantly higher SNR and contrast-to-noise ratio values (P ≤ 0.006). The per-lesion sensitivity of FB DL-DWI (0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.85–0.95) was significantly lower than that of RT C-DWI (P = 0.001), with a significantly lower conspicuity score. Conclusions Compared with RT C-DWI, RT DL-DWI demonstrated superior SNR, comparable sensitivity for focal hepatic lesions, and reduced acquisition time, making it a suitable alternative to RT C-DWI. Despite FB DL-DWI's weakness in motion-related challenges, further refinement could potentiate FB DL-DWI in the context of abbreviated screening protocols, where time efficiency is a high priority.


Fish sometimes enters into an intake gate of weirs and dams, so that a lot of released larval ayu and salmon are lost. Some techniques with electricity, transmitted light and air bubbles have been developed to avoid fish from the intake gate. However, a lot of fisheries co-operative associations pointed out that most of such techniques have no effect. In this study, the color types of transmitted light are changed at both sides of a rectangular water tank and swimming area of Zacco platypus and Zacco temminckii are observed. It was found that the color types do not affect on the swimming behavior of both fish.Generally, it is known that fish avoid the area which is included air bubbles. In this study, the air bubbles are injected from the channel bottom and trajectories of fish are observed. It was found that air bubbles do not affect on the swimming behavior of Zacco platypus and Zacco temminckii.


Psychological harmony is defined as index of mental health and basis of personal functioning.Psychological harmony of governmental executives is seen as important personal diathesis to practice their obligations of leading rules in the construction of a harmonious society.Main factors influencing mental health are proposed as personal competencies,personality traits and the understanding to job performance.Relations between personal characteristics and obligation implementation of governmental executives are also discussed.


In order to further reduce the decoding algorithm complexity of low density parity check code(LDPC),a posteriori probability log likelihood ratio(APP LLR)algorithm in the log domain is given,which is based on the classical belief propagation(BP)decoding algorithm. Through the performance simulation and analysis of sum product algorithm(SPA)in the probability domain and iterative APP LLR algorithm in the log domain,it is shown that the iterative APP LLR algorithm could exchange a large reduce in complexity with less performance loss. By using iterative APP LLR algorithm,in combination with VHF band channel model in different terrain conditions,the performance of LDPC encode and decode system is simulated. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the LDPC code based on iterative APP LLR algorithm is easy to realize and has excellent performance and good prospect of engineering application.


Infected abdominal aortic aneurysms are rare, but the symptoms are prone to become severe during the clinical course, and the prognosis is poor, with a high rate of rupture [1]. There are 2 objectives in the treatment of infected aortic aneurysms: prevention of aneurysm rup‐ ture and infection control. However, it is not easy to achieve both. No guideline has been established yet, and many issues such as diagnostic method, the method of administering antibiotics before and after operation, timing of the operation, and operative procedure re‐ main to be improved. Regarding operative procedures, approaches such as the use of a ri‐ fampicin-soaked prosthetic graft, covering the prosthetic graft with the greater omentum, and anatomical reconstruction have been reported in recent years [1]. Nevertheless, postop‐ erative infection control is never easy, and the treatment results of infected aneurysms are still unsatisfactory. Therefore, we have devised a treatment policy to control local infection in a stricter manner by introducing the pulse-irrigation method that uses a pulsatile irriga‐ tion device and a temporary abdominal wall closure method that uses the vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) technique in patients with strong intraperitoneal contamination in addition to conventional operative procedures. In this study, we retrospectively verified the usefulness of our unique treatment strategy featuring the addition of these 2 new ideas using the treat‐ ment results of infected abdominal aortic aneurysms from the past 10 years.


The purpose of this study was to assess how the running economy of experienced runners was affected when wearing 4mm and 0mm heel to toe drop shoes as opposed to regular running shoes.

Previous studies have shown that barefoot running and running in lower heel to toe drop shoes increases running economy (Squadrone & Galozzi, 2009).
The participants (n=23; 18 male and 8 female) were subjected to 3 separate tests that were each 20 minutes. The tests were performed within 90 minute, the order randomized. During the first test, the subject ran for 20 minutes at a speed they would run at for 1 hour. During the second and third test, the subject ran at the same speed in their randomly chosen shoes. Gas analysis was used to measure VO2 in kilograms and measurements were taken one time per breath for 20 minutes with a Vacumed mini-CPX.

Using one way repeated ANOVA, results were not significant (p>.05). The results of this study show that there was not a significant difference in running economy between running with 4mm or 0mm heel to toe drop shoes and running with regular running shoes. This study was examining acute changes in running economy, however it is recommended that further research examine long term changes in running economy


The influence of a hot medium on the formation and evolution of galaxies in rich clusters is investigated. Part I begins with an observational study of the two peculiar systems of emission line filaments around the galaxy NGC1275 in the Perseus cluster. It is concluded that one system consists of condensations in an accretion flow from a surrounding medium onto an underlying elliptical galaxy while the second system arises in a superposed but unrelated spiral galaxy. Part II investigates the problem of whether SO galaxies can be formed by the ram pressure sweeping of spirals due to their motion through a hot intracluster medium. It is found that while the ram pressure may do considerable damage to spirals it is too weak by a large factor to produce the required numbers of S0's. In Part III observations of emission lines from spiral galaxies in the x-ray cluster A1367 reveal that they are deficient in gas content relative to field galaxies and this deficiency is strongest for galaxies closest to the region of x-ray emission. This is taken as evidence that spirals can lose a significant fraction of their gas content by interaction with a hot medium and is therefore a manifestation of the considerable damage predicted in Part II. Finally in Part IV the systematic trends in morphological populations observed in clusters are explained as resulting from a truncation of disks in spirals and SO's during their formation due to cluster collapse. Remarkably good agreement is obtained between the predictions of this scenario and a number of observed properties of galaxies in clusters.


We consider the question of determining the exact number of solutions of the problem E p λ below We distinguish two cases: whether 1 <p � 2o r 2 <p< ∞ . In the first case, we shall show that the problem E p behaves like in the semi-linear case which corresponds to p = 2.. In the second case and under some conditions which will be specified later; we shall show that the spectrum for problem E p consists of a collection of intervals In ,n =1 , 2, 3, whose ends points are members of the sequences (λn)n ,( μn)n where the first one is the sequence of eigenvalues for the pseudo-Laplacian operator and the other one is a sequence of a kind of eigenvalues for E p . And each time λ = μn, there exists secondary bifurcating continuum en of singular solutions which are diffeomorphic to [0 ,π ] n ,n =1 , 2..


The current development trend of global civil aviation is the growth of passenger and freight traffic, which entails the consumption of jet fuel. Under these conditions, increasing the efficiency of jet fuel used is of great importance. Global energy consumption is constantly growing, and, first of all, the question of diversification of oil resources arises, resources from which the bulk of motor fuels is produced. Other types of raw energy sources (natural gas, coal, bio-mass) currently account for only a small part. However, an analysis of the development of jet fuels indicates that work is underway to obtain these from other sources of raw materials, especially bio-fuels. Much attention is given to obtaining bio-fuels from renewable sources – such as algae. The issue of the mass transition of civil aviation to alternative fuels is complex and requires the solution of intricate technical as well as economic issues. One of these is the assessment of the impact of new fuels on GTE performance. It is important to give an objective and quick assessment of the use of various types of fuels on the main characteristics of the engine – i.e., throttle and high-speed characteristics. In this case, it is necessary to take into account chemical processes in the chemical composition of new types of fuel. To assess the effect of fuels on the characteristics of a gas turbine engine, it is proposed to use a mathematical model that would take into account the main characteristics of the fuel itself. Therefore, the work proposes a mathematical model for calculating the characteristics of a gas turbine engine taking into account changes in the properties of the fuel itself. A comparison is made of the percentage of a mixture of biofuels and JetA1 kerosene, as well as pure JetA1 and TC-1 kerosene. The calculations, according to the proposed model, are consistent with the obtained characteristics of a gas turbine engine in operation when using JetA1 and TC-1 kerosene. Especially valuable are the obtained characteristics of a gas turbine engine depending on a mixture of biofuel and kerosene. It was found that a mixture of biofuel and kerosene changes the physicochemical characteristics of fuel and affects the change in engine thrust and specific fuel consumption. It is shown that depending on the obtained physicochemical properties of a mixture of biofuel and kerosene, it is possible to increase the fuel efficiency and environmental friendliness of the gas turbine engines used.


Recently Malligo, Parr, and Robbins (1955) published studies on chromogenic bacteria, related to Escherichia coli, which they renamed Escherichia auresceus (Parr) comb. nov. In listing reasons for suggesting this classification they referred to metabolic products of these cultures, as reported in a personal communication concerning a study carried out in this laboratory. The data to which they referred are given in this report on the effects of pH on the products of anaerobic metabolism of glucose by pigmented and nonpigmented strains of Escherichia coli.


One in four of us who live beyond the age of 40 will experience atrial fibrillation (AF) at some point during our lives. Its prevalence doubles with each advancing decade, from 0.2% at the age of 45–55 years to almost 8% at the age of 75 or over.[1][1] The condition ranges from what appears to be


The ferromagnetic superconductor UCoGe has been investigated by high field X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) at the U-M4,5 and Co/Ge-K edges. The analysis of the branching ratio and XMCD at the U-M4,5 edges reveals that the U-5f electrons count is close to 3. The orbital (∼ 0.70μB) and spin (∼ −0.30μB) moments of U at 2.1 K and 17 T (H//c) have been determined. Their ratio (∼ −2.3) suggests a significant delocalization of the 5f electron states. The similar field dependences of the local U/Co and the macroscopic magnetization indicate that the Co moment is induced by the U moment. The XMCD at the Co-K edge and the micro/macroscopic magnetization data reveal a parallel orientation of the U and Co moments. In addition, the Co moment is estimated to be at most of the order of 0.1μB at 17 T, i.e., U drives the magnetism of UCoGe. Our results rule out the possibility of an unusual polarisability of the U and Co moments as well as their antiparallel coupling suggested recently by polarized neutron diffraction experiments. PACS numbers: 75.25-j, 78.70.Dm, 75.30.Mb 1 ar X iv :1 50 1. 01 25 1v 1 [ co nd -m at .s tr -e l] 6 J an 2 01 5 The true coexistence of ferromagnetism (FM) and unconventional superconductivity (SC) was first discovered in UGe2 under pressure [1] and then in URhGe [2] and UCoGe [3]. The two last isostructural strongly correlated electron systems have the peculiarity to be SC at ambient pressure thus prone to more detailed experimental studies. UCoGe is a weak FM with a Curie temperature (TCurie = 2.8 K) higher than the SC temperature (TSC = 0.5 K) and an ordered moment of about 0.07μB/f.u. UCoGe crystallizes in the orthorhombic TiNiSitype structure with an Ising-like anisotropy of the magnetization, c being the easy-axis, a the hard axis and b intermediate-one. A striking point is the large upper critical field Hc2 exceeding the Pauli paramagnetic limit when the magnetic field is applied along the hard magnetization axes (a and b-axis) [4]. Moreover when the field is applied very precisely along the b-axis an unusual inverse "S"-shaped Hc2 curve is observed [4]. These phenomena seem closely related to the ferromagnetic instability as TCurie is reduced when H//b and collapses at the enhanced superconducting phase. The Sommerfeld specific heat coefficient γ, and the T term resistivity coefficient A, both related to the effective mass of conduction electrons, reach a maximum value around 14 T [5]. This all suggests a spin-triplet type pairing mechanism untimely related to critical spin fluctuations connected to a magnetic instability. In URhGe, neutron diffraction experiments could demonstrate that maximum TSC of the re-entrant SC phase coincides with a reorientation of the U magnetic moments along the b-axis [6]. In UCoGe, no such anomaly is detected around 14 T in the magnetization, the reorientation of the moments seems to happen only above 50 T [7]. Non-linear field response of the Shubnikov de Haas frequency is observed above 20 T [8] and a possible field-induced topological Fermi surface (FS) transition, also known as a Lifshitz transition, supported by thermopower [9], and magnetoresistivity [8, 10] measurements could explain the "S"-shape of the H c2 curve at lower field (around 11 T). Another scenario to explain the observed anomalies of the magnetoresistivity at high fields relies on an unusual polarisability of the U and Co moments detected by polarized neutron experiments [11]. However, the corresponding ferro-ferrimagentic phase transition has never been detected. The strong interplay between magnetism and superconductivity is a common feature of the ferromagnetic superconductors. While the magnetism of UGe2 and URhGe is well established and understood, this is not the case for UCoGe where the respective contribution of U and Co is still under debate. There is an urgent need for a detailed knowledge of


Ray tracing on parallel hardware has recently benefit from significant advances in the graphics hardware and associated software tools. Despite this, the SIMD nature of graphics card architectures is only able to perform well on groups of coherent rays which exhibit little in the way of divergence. This paper presents SpiNNaker, a massively parallel system based on low power ARM cores, as an architecture suitable for ray tracing applications. The asynchronous design allows us to demonstrate a linear performance increase with respect to the number of cores. The performance per Watt ratio achieved within the fixed point path tracing example presented is far greater than that of a multi-core CPU and similar to that of a GPU under optimal conditions.


s Abstracts of the European Tissue Repair Society. 1997;5:255-95 Abstracts oftheWoundHealing Society. 1997 ;5 :98-129 Actin Alpha-smooth muscle actin expression in rat and mouse mesenteric wounds after TGF-(31 treatment (Ghassemifar et al). 1997;5 :339-48 Adhesion molecules; see Cell adhesion molecules Angiogenesis; see Neovascularization Angiotensin II Acceleration of dermal tissue repair by angiotensin II (Rodgers et al). 1997;5 :175-83 Antibiotics Effective management of microbial contamination in cultured skin substitutes after grafting to athymic mice (Boyce et al). 1997;5:191-7 Antioxidants In vitro studies on the antioxidant and growth stimulatory activities of a polyphenolic extract from Cudrania cochinchinensis used in the treatment of wounds in Vietnam (Van Hien et al). 1997;5:159-67


The paper presents a case study of the promotion of social enterprise in the Danish municipality of Silkeborg. In Denmark in general as well as in Silkeborg the concept of Work Integration Social Enterprise has been embraced by politicians and local authorities as an instrument of job creation for people who are on the edge of the labor market. The political focus is primarily on economic growth, job-creation and thereby reducing welfare benefits. The dimension of governance and democratic participation as an important dimension of social enterprise seems to be overlooked in the promotion of social enterprise in local policy as well as in the public debate. The present research project has a focus on the understanding and practice of democratic participation by the employees of social enterprises. Employees who have been long-time marginalized from the labor market caused by various social, physical and mental problems. The analysis is based on the theoretical concept of political identity analyzed through the dimensions of empowerment, engagement and action. The intention is to contribute to the understanding of the democratic nature of social enterprise as an important perspective for the employees, and therefore an important issue to be addressed by the research of social


Hydrogel electrolytes have attracted increasing attention due to their potential uses in the fabrication of flexible solid‐state batteries. However, the development of hydrogel electrolytes is still in the initial stage and the number of available strategies is limited. Ideally, the hydrogel electrolyte should exhibit suitable ionic conductivity rate, mechanical strength, and biocompatibility for safety. In this study, a zwitterionic sulfobetaine/cellulose hydrogel electrolyte is fabricated using raw materials from natural plants, which exhibits a good biocompatibility with mammalian cells. The intrinsic zwitterionic groups on sulfobetaine chains can provide separated ion migration channels for positive and negative ions, which largely facilitates electrolyte ion transport. A solid‐state Zn‐MnO2 battery with a fabricated zwitterionic gel electrolyte exhibits a very high rate performance. It exhibits a specific capacity of 275 mA h gMnO2−1 at 1 C. Even up to 30 C, a high capacity of 74 mA h gMnO2−1 is maintained during the charging–discharging for up to 10 000 cycles. For wearable applications, the flexible solid‐state batteries can be used as reliable and portable sources to power different wearable electronics such as a commercial smart watch, electroluminescent panel, and color electroluminescence line, which shows their large potentials for use in next‐generation flexible and wearable battery technologies.


Clipperton Atoll is the most isolated, most westerly and largest coral reef in the tropical eastero Pacific (TEP). We collected and recorded fishes to depths of 60m during a two week visit in April 1994. Previous collections were made late last century andby expeditions from Scripps Institution of Oceanography in 1956 and 1958. One hundred and fifteen identified species from 89 genera and 43 farnilies are now known from the island. The most speciose families present at the island are moray eels (Muraenidae, 14 species), jacks (Carangidae, 11 species), wrasses (Labridae, 8 species), surgeonfishes (Acanthuridae, 8. species), squirrelfishes (Holocentridae, 5 species), groupers (Serranidae, 5 species), and triggerfishes (Balistidae, 5 species). These represent -14% of the TEP nearshore fish fauna and 40% of its genera. The 115 species inelude 14 offshore pelagic species, 22 inshore pelagic and midwater species, 70 demersal species that live 011 hard reef substrata, and nine demersal species tltat live in or feed on unconsolidated substrata (rubble and sand). Among the IOlnon-oceanie species, 68% ate carnivoreson mobile organisms, 9.2% feed on sessile benthie invertebrates, 12.9% are planktivorous, and 17.8% are benthie feeding herbivores. At least 70 of the non-oceanie speeies appear to have resident (i.e. self sustaining) populations at the atoll, while 17 species probably are vagrants. Clipperton's fishes inelude 63 rranspacific species (i.e. species that also oceur on the westero side of the Bastero Pacifie Barrier) and 52 species endemie to the TEP. While most (36) of the TEP species oeeur throughout the region, four oceur oi:ily at boh Clipperton and the Revillagigedos, the nearest shoal habitat, 950 km to the north. Nine species or subspeeies Crom seven families a re endemie to Clipperton. They represent 11.3% of Clipperton's demersal shorefishes. The sister speeies of one of them likely is a transpacifie species, while the sister species of the other eight Iikely are TEP speeies.


BACKGROUND
Endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm (EVAR) presents an increasing role in treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms in patients at high and mid risk for conventional surgery. Most Vascular surgery units need to identify a single device as workhorse in AAA treatment. Objective of this study is to analyse mid term results of consecutive unselected patients treated with the same device in a single center series.

METHODS
A retrospective analysis of a prospective database of all consecutive patients treated between January 2016 and June 2019 with the TREO device in our centre. Primary outcomes of the study were AAA related mortality rate, migration rate and type 1 endoleak at 1-year follow-up.

RESULTS
During the study period 71 consecutive patients (96% male) were treated with TREO device. Technical success was achieved in all patients. Mean follow up was 19.6 months (1-42). Procedure related mortality was 1.4% (1 patient), No AAA related mortality, migration or type 1b endoleak were recorded during Follow-up. Two cases of late type 1a endoleak were recorded, both resolved with aortic cuffing. Median shrinkage of the residual sac was 10% and 18.5 % at 6 and 18 months respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
EVAR using TREO device seems to be safe and effective treatment for unselected patients suffering AAA. Particularly this device seems to be suitable as workhorse device in a single center with skillness between open and endovascular techniques.


The intense Berber-Songhay language contact that produced Northern Songhay cannot be understood adequately without taking into account the existence of a Northern Songhay language outside the Azawagh valley — Korandje, in Algeria — showing few, if any, signs of Tuareg contact. This article proposes a new explanation based on linguistic, epigraphic, and historical data: Western Berber-speaking Masūfa, present throughout northern Mali around 1200, founded Tabelbala to facilitate a new trade route; they chose Northern Songhay speakers, already a distinct group, for their experience in oasis farming and possibly copper mining. As Masūfa influence waned, the language was reoriented towards North Africa.


Abstract An effective synthesis of N-(10-alkyl-9,10-dihydroacridin-9-yl) derivatives of amides, ureas, and urethanes has been developed. Additionally, the spatially overloaded molecules of N,N-bis(10-alkyl-9,10-dihydroacridin-9-yl)acrylamide were obtained in the case of formamide and acrylamide.


The paper ensure the testing conditions of hydride generator-atomic fluorescence spetrometer method through experimentations.It can be efficency eliminated the interference in gaseous phase for the determination of aresenic by enhance tempreture to 750 ℃ and thiourea-ascorbic acid can fully deoxidized As(Ⅴ) to As(Ⅲ).The method is satisfied and can determinate arsenic content directly without sample treatment.With the practice sample check,the relatively standard deviation is between 2.76 to 8.56 percent and the recovery rate is between 99.4 to 100.87 percent.It can be realized to determinate aresenic content accurately and quickly.


Abstract The study sought an in-depth understanding of innovative measures employed by small to medium size independent hotels in the management of business in Harare, Zimbabwe. Underpinned by the Resource Based theoretical framework, the study adopted a qualitative case study design located in the interpretive research paradigm. A purposive sample of five hotels was drawn from eight small to medium sized independent hotels in Harare. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews and focused group discussions and was analysed for content using thematic analysis. The study found that small to medium size independent hotels in Harare seemed not to fully and effectively implement the innovative measures in the management of business. The study concludes that there is a relationship between innovative measures implemented by small to medium size hotels and the innovativeness of these hotels. The study recommends that small to medium size hotels should strategically plan for innovation and address innovation in a more integrated and systematic way in order to remain competitive in a dynamic and competitive environment.


This paper explains the Bluetooth wireless technology which is a recently proposed standard for the replacement of cables. Bluetooth is not only wireless cable replacement technology but apart from this it is also used for the creation of adhoc Personal Area Networks (PAN) with good security level. In this paper firstly detailed description of Bluetooth along with its history is given. Description also includes seven protocols of the Bluetooth and three Bluetooth modules from different vendors, their features, specifications and comparison between them. Further applications of the Bluetooth wireless technology and currently used Bluetooth version is described. Keywords - Personal Area Network (PAN), Personal Computer (PC), Special Interest Group (SIG), Industrial Scientific and Medical (ISM), Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS), Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK), Enhanced Data Rate (EDR), Differential Phase Shift Keying (DPSK), Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying DQPSK), Basic Rate (BR), Low Pass Filter (LPF), Intersymbol Interference (ISI), Link Management Protocol (LMP), Host Controller Interface (HCI), Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol (L2CAP), Radio Frequency Communication (RFCOMM), Service Discovery Protocol (SDP), Synchronous Connection-Oriented (SCO), Asynchronous Connectionless (ACL), Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ), Forward Error Correction (FEC), Protocol Data Unit (PDU), Serial Port Profile (SPP), Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART), Universal Serial Bus (USB), Restriction of Hazardous Substances (ROHS), Attention (AT), Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C), PCM (Pulse Code Modulation), Programmed Input/Output (PIO), Bit Error Rate (BER), Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC), Dial-up Networking (DUN), Dial-up Networking Gateway (DUN GW), Dial-up Networking Data Terminal (DUN DT), Hands-Free Profile (HFP), Headset Profile (HSP), Human Interface Device Profile (HID), Audio/Video Remote Control Profile (AVRCP), Device ID Profile (DIP), Phone Book Access Profile (PBAP),Object Push Profile (OPP), File Transfer Profile (FTP), Health Device Profile (HDP), General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO)


A new extensive grid of synthetic Str{\"o}mgren colors and bolometric corrections is presented for F-M type dwarf and giant stars having 3000K $\leq$ T$_{\rm{eff}}$ $\leq$ 8000K, 0.0 $\leq$ log $g$ $\leq$ 5.0, and -3.0 $\leq$ [Fe/H] $\leq$ 0.5. These purely theoretical colors are placed on the observational system using color calibrations derived from $uvby$ photometry of nearby field stars having $Hipparcos$ parallaxes and effective temperatures determined by the infrared flux method. Modern isochrones transformed to the observed plane using the resultant color-temperature relations are able to reproduce the $uvby$ color-magnitude diagrams of several open and globular clusters (notably M 67, M 92, and 47 Tuc) quite satisfactorily.


We present a type theory TTM , extending Martin-Löf Type Theory by adding one Mahlo universe V , a universe being the type theoretic analogue of one recursive Mahlo ordinal. A model, formulated in a Kripke-Platek style set theory KPM+, is given and we show that the proof theoretical strength of TTM is ≤ |KPM+| = ψΩ1(ΩM+ω). By [Se96a], this bound is sharp.


It can be assumed without loss of generality that T = (--a1 + b)/'2, since this only involves multiplicat,ion of P by a positive constant. The negat,ive definit.eness of M(b) implis Abstract-In this note the general equivalence is pointed out be- tween ex)? 6 0 and those derived from an optimum quadratic Lyapunov function. for all x, and herlce In a recent. note, the stability results obt.aiued for a second-order AIP + system by means of the circle criterion are compared with the sta- baity results derived from an optimum quadratic Lyapunov function such that Lemma proves that (>) is true. Sillce t,he of t,he (I). The conclusion that b0t.h methods yield equivalent results is Lyapullov that, valid in general for nonlinear time-dependent feedback systems; -


Objective To evaluate the blood supply of breast cancer with DSA and to discuss the clinical application of preoperative super-selective transarterial chemoembolization.Methods The blood supply of breast cancer was evaluated with DSA in 48 patients with biopsy-proved breast cancer.The arterial blood-supply distribution of breast cancer was analyzed.Super-selective catheterization and arterial chemoembolization was performed.Results A total of 74 blood-supplying arteries were detected on DSA in 48 patients.Single feeding artery was seen in 9 cases,while multiple feeding arteries were seen in 39 cases.The feeding arteries mainly were the lateral thoracic artery and internal thoracic artery.The short-term curative effectiveness,including CR and PR,was 93.8%(45/48).The median period of remission was 17 months,and the median survival time was 38 months.Conclusion A significant correlation exists between the site of breast cancer and the origin of feeding arteries.The laterally-located breast cancer gets its blood supply mainly from the lateral thoracic artery,while the medially-located breast cancer gets its blood supply mainly from the internal thoracic artery.Preoperative super-selective catheterization and regional target vascular chemoembolization can significantly increase the curative effectiveness.


A novel method for automatic synthesis of analog circuits is presented. Circuit behavior is used as the basic information for topology derivation. New algorithms are combined with the knowledge-based approach to provide a formal reasoning framework for synthesis problem solving. For a given design problem heuristic algorithms make the method to be able to produce different circuit topologies which do not necessarily exist in the library.


With the increasingly rapid development of economic globalization and regional economics integration,global competitions,especially regional competitions are fiercely increased.In the process of the deepening the regional econpmic cooperation promoting,patent information service is the important force in regional economic development and the focus in the regional competitions.The article analyzes the necessity of the promotion of this service for ASEAN and sets forth the related train of thought to build it.


I examine a class of utility maximization problems with a not necessarily law-invariant utility, and with a not necessarily law-invariant risk measure constraint. The objective function is an integral of some function U with respect to some probability measure P , and the constraint set contains some risk measure constraint which is not necessarily P-law-invariant. This introduces some heterogeneity in the perception of uncertainty. The primitive U is a function of some given underlying random variable X and of a contingent claim Y on X. Many problems in economic theory and financial theory can be formulated in this manner, when a heterogeneity in the perception of uncertainty is introduced. Under a consistency requirement on the risk measure that will be called Vigilance, supermodularity of the primitive U is sufficient for the existence of optimal continent claims, and for these optimal claims to be comonotonic with the underlying random variable X. Vigilance is satisfied by a large class of risk measures, including all distortion risk measures. An explicit characterization of an optimal contingent claim is also provided in the case where the risk measure is a convex distortion risk measure.


All the current techniques used to measure the metallic corrosion require contact with the metal. Particularly, in the case of reinforcement corrosion, this signifies the need to reach the bar that is embedded in the concrete, which may consequently result in the disruption of the integrity of the real structures. This paper explores the feasibility of using a new method for polarizing the reinforcement or any metal in an electrolyte, without the need of direct contact with it. The polarization is obtained through the induction of current from an external electrical field. The current runs through the electrolyte and the metal in parallel, depending on the electrode arrangement. The resulting Polarization Resistance calculated is termed as Inductive, Rp = Rpi . The Inductive is calculated by the model of resistances in parallel, which requires a separate measurement of the electrolyte ohmic resistance. In this study, solutions with several resistivities and concrete specimens with and without chlorides have been used. The results indicate that electrolytes of low resistivity mask the measurement, and consequently, Rpi could not be calculated. In electrolytes with high resistivity, such as concrete, the feasibility is found to depend on the relative values of Re and Rpi


Quadratic dynamic matrix control (QDMC) with state estimation is presented for use with nonlinear process models. This formulation extens Garcia's nonlinear version of QDMC to open-loop unstable nonlinear processes and allows for better disturbance rejection. The modest computational requirements make it attractive for industrial implementation. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated by its successful application to the temperature control of semibatch polymerisation reactor


The study was conducted to determine the relationship between the General Allocation Fund (DAU) and the Specific Allocation Fund (DAK) with the horizontal gap level (Gini Ratio). This study uses secondary data from various sources, including the Gini ratio taken from the BPS database while the realization of DAU and DAK transfers is taken from Audited Financial Statements (BUN BA-999.05) for the 2009-2013 FY Period by carrying out research tools through SPSS Statistics 23.This study results is that there is a strong relationship between the realization of DAU and DAK towards horizontal disparity, which is indicated by the Pearson Correlation figure which shows an increase from 0.316 in FY 2009 to 0.418 in FY 2013 for DAU, and an increase from 0.219 in FY 2009 to 0.316 in FY 2013 for DAK. Furthermore, a significant 2-tailed explanation shows that there is a stronger relationship between the DAU and the horizontal gap compared to the relationship between the DAK and the horizontal gap.The researcher recommends that the portion of the DAU allocation intended for people's welfare should be further improved and there is a need for further evaluation and supervision of the absorption of DAK by the Regional Government so that the implementation of the use of these funds is targeted and more accountable.


This paper provides a timely update on the European Commissions Euro-Regional projects which implemented intelligent transport systems on the Trans European Road Network throughout Europe. The projects ARTS CENTRICO CONNECT CORVETTE SERTI STREETWISE and VIKING focused on improving the monitoring infrastructure establishing a European network of traffic centres to provide operational traffic management and control and improving traveller information services. The paper and presentation provide an update on how the legacy of the Euro-Regional projects is being taken forward by the European Commission and the road operators of Europe within the 2007-2013 timeframe within the EasyWay programme. For the covering abstract see ITRD E140665.


Papillary mesothelioma is a well differentiated neoplasm arising from pelvic peritoneum of females in a wide age range. A typicalmorphological appearance is papillary structures with fibro vascular cores. We present a case of a 46-year-old female with a massin left peritoneal cavity involving the left fallopian tube which was excised and reported as a papillary mesothelioma.


The theory of tree automata was established in the late sixties by Thatcher and Wright [53] and Doner [19]. They showed that the basic logical and algorithmic properties of standard automata theory can be transferred from the domain of finite words to the domain of finite trees (or terms), leading to a theory of regular tree languages. Quoting from the introduction of [53], where the theory of tree automata is called generalized finite automata theory: "...the results presented here are easily summarized by saying that conventional finite automata theory goes through for the generalization – and it goes through quite neatly!" In parallel, Rabin [44] developed a theory of automata on infinite trees, which serves as a basis for the analysis of specification logics in the context of the verification of state based systems with non-terminating behavior. The theory of automata on infinite trees is quite different from the one on finite trees and in this chapter we exclusively consider finite trees. Besides their application for showing the decidability of certain logical theories [19, 53], tree automata found their first applications in the area of term rewriting, e.g., for the automated termination analysis of certain rewriting systems, which are documented in the electronic book [16]. Nowadays, tree automata are used in various fields, e.g., in verification to model the state space of parametric systems [1] or as the underlying formalism for a logic that allows to specify properties of heap manipulating programs [38]. All these algorithmic applications of tree automata are based on the following two facts: The class of regular tree languages has strong closure properties (e.g., it is closed under boolean operations and projection), and the main algorithmic problems


During 1966, 1.8 × 1014 liters of water; 8.3 × 107, 2.1 × 109, and 2.7 × 1010 moles of phosphate, nitrate, and reactive silicate; 1.9 × 1011 equivalents of alkalinity; and 1.9 × 1011 moles of total carbon dioxide passed through Clatskanie, 87 km above the mouth of the Columbia River into the Astoria estuary and the Pacific Ocean. Along the main stream, phosphate, nitrate, and silicate concentrations show a definite seasonal change; their maxima occur in winter and minima in summer. On-stream primary production greatly affects the formation of the summer minima. At Clatskanie, the nitrate: phosphate ratio is 3:1 during summer months and over 19:1 at other seasons.

Bicarbonate ion is the major dissolved carbon dioxide species in the entire Columbia River system, where water pH measured at 20C ranges from 6.63 to 8.68. The major portion of the river system is undersaturated with respect to calcite solubility. Along the main stream, the river is supersaturated with respect to the atmospheric carbon dioxide pressure of 320 ppm.


To estimate the prevalence and clinical profile of diabetes mellitus in productive aged urban Indonesians based on the National Basic Health Research 2007.


The Hierarchical Mixed Rural Postman Problem is defined on a mixed graph where arcs and edges that require a service are divided into subsets that have to be serviced in a hierarchical order. The problem generalizes the Rural Postman Problem and thus is NPhard. In this talk we present a polyhedral analysis of the problem and propose a branch-andcut algorithm for its solution based on the introduced classes of valid inequalities. Extensive computational experiments are reported on benchmark instances. The exact approach allows to find the optimal solutions in less than one hour for instances with up to 999 nodes, 694 arcs, 1984 edges and 4 hierarchies. ∗Speaker sciencesconf.org:verolog2016:92122


With the explosively increasing video traffic, ensuring the smooth playback of a video has been a challenging problem especially in the fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system. To improve the quality of experience (QoE) of a video playback, the real-time prediction of the video stuck can be a help. In this paper, we firstly select eight features from different layers to reflect the quality of video playback. Then, two models, long and short term memory (LSTM)-based Prediction Model and Gated recurrent unit(GRU)-based Prediction Model, are proposed to predict the stuck state of playback. Finally, to evaluate the effectiveness of the two proposed prediction models, we present the simulation results of accuracy and loss of the two models. Besides, comparison between traditional methods and the proposed one are provided with performance gain in terms of the accuracy, recall, confusion matrix as well as F1-score.


The invention relates to a preparation method of a biochemical medicament, in particular to a parnaparin production method. The invention adopts a technical scheme that the parnaparin production method comprises the following steps: adding sodium acetate and sodium chloride to a heparin sodium solution the concentration of which is 2-3%, adjusting the pH value to 7-8, respectively adding dissolved Cu , adding hydrogen peroxide the concentration of which is 2-3%, and keeping in a water bath at 50-55 DEG C to be subject to a degradation reaction; and removing heavy metal, decolorizing and freeze-drying to obtain the parnaparin product. The method has the advantage of simple operation and can realize industrial production. In the presence of Cu , the heparin reacts with the peroxide under alkaline conditions to degrade. However, the degradation reaction is quite random, glycosidic bonds among uronic acids or glucosamines has the possibility of being broken, and the obtained productis composed of multiple sugar chains.


It was adopted that the combine of RT-SKI with digital photogrammetric survey in 500kV Weifang—Qingdao aerial power transmission line engineering.The open to view be solved on engineering.It was promote that is labour efficiency and economic benefits.


Nitric oxide (NO)‐dependent vasodilation is reduced in non‐Hispanic Blacks (NHB) compared to non‐Hispanic Whites (NHW), but it is not well‐established if this reduction is due to reduced endothelial‐dependent or endothelial‐independent vasodilation, or both. The purpose of this study was to examine endothelium‐dependent and endothelium‐independent mechanisms of cutaneous microvascular vasodilation between young, healthy NHB and NHW. Six participants who self‐identified as either NHB or NHW were instrumented with two microdialysis fibers in the skin of the forearm. A dose‐response was then completed at each site: 1) acetylcholine (ACh; 10−10– 10−1M) to assess endothelial‐dependent vasodilation, and 2) sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 10−10– 10−1M) to assess endothelial‐independent vasodilation. Each dose was perfused for 5 minutes. Local heaters were kept at 33°C throughout baseline and the dose‐response protocol. Maximal vasodilation was elicited by heating the skin to 43°C and infusing 54 mM SNP. Laser‐Doppler flowmetry (LDF) was used to assess an index of skin blood flow. Cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) was calculated (LDF/MAP) and normalized to maximal blood flow (%CVCmax). Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. The %CVCmax response to ACh in NHB was significantly reduced compared to NHW at all concentrations >10−4 M (10−3: NHB 20 ± 13 vs. NHW 66 ± 8 %CVCmax; 10−2: NHB 25 ± 3 vs. NHW 76 ± 8 %CVCmax; 10−1: NHB 39 ± 15 vs. NHW 84 ± 8 %CVCmax;P< 0.05 for all). The ACh log EC50 was higher for NHB (−1 ± 0.6 M) compared to NHW (−3.5 ± 0.8 M; P< 0.05). The %CVCmax response to SNP was similar between NHB and NHW for all concentrations tested. Similarly, there was no difference in log EC50 between NHB (−1.5 ± 0.6 M) and NHW (−2.1 ± 0.4 M). Reduced NO‐dependent vasodilation in NHB compared NHW appears to result from decreased endothelial‐dependent mechanisms, and not endothelial‐independent mechanisms. This information supports suggestions from previous research in the field and may aid in understanding the discrepancy in disease risk between NHB and NHW.


The invention discloses an assembly tool for an aircraft pressure-relief valve. The assembly tool for the aircraft pressure-relief valve is provided with a base, a fixing disk, two or more support pillars, a support frame, a function screw, and a stop nut; and each of the support pillars is provided with a group comprising a compaction block, a compaction block screw, a stop block and a stop block screw. According to the assembly tool for the aircraft pressure-relief valve, a shell body of an aircraft pressure-relief valve to be assembled is fixed through the fixing disk, the compaction blocks and the stop blocks; force of an operator used for rotating the function screw is converted into downward force to a piston of the aircraft pressure-relief valve to be assembled through the function screw, so that spring force of a spring in the shell body of the aircraft pressure-relief valve to be assembled is overcome; therefore, when operation space in the shell body of the aircraft pressure-relief valve is limited, assembly of the piston of the aircraft pressure-relief valve is completed conveniently and effortlessly. The assembly tool for the aircraft pressure-relief valve has the advantages of being practical, convenient, reliable, and capable of saving human resource and achieving rapid assembly.


One of the principle keys to the subsea development is the transport of unprocessed well streams direct to a shore facility or to a distant infrastructure with the necessary processing capability, without having problems with hot corrosive well fluids, as well as problems with wax deposition or hydrate formation. ASEA Brown Boveri and STATOIL have developed a high pressure composite pipe that will help solving the problems mentioned above. The concept is based on STATOIL's experience as user and on ABB's Experience with manufacturing of fibre composites for advanced applications. The paper presents the technical and economical advantages of using advanced composite pipelines. It also presents the development and manufacturing process for a composite pipeline, including jointing method. The development and design process have included items like optimising fibreangles, layer thickness, choice of materials and specifying design criteria. This in combination with extensive testing have resulted in a unique concept.


The current study was carried out in the southern part of the Rostov region at the FSBSI "Agricultural Research Center "Donskoy" in 2018–2020. The purpose of the study was to investigate the combined effect of mineral fertilizers and treatments with the growth retardant 'Moddus' on productivity of the barley variety 'Marusya'. In the course of the study, there was identified high responsiveness of the facultative barley variety 'Marusya' to the use of mineral fertilizers. Without fertilization, the productivity was 3.46–3.59 t/ha, and 0.87–1.57 t/ha when using the fertilizers. The maximum productivity and protein percentage were established in the variants with the introduction of N79P82K57 according to the active ingredient, with 5.81 t/ha and 0.55 t/ha, respectively. The treatment of plants with the growth retardant 'Moddus' contributed to productivity increase on 0.13–0.22 t/ha on average over the years of study. Under the effect of the growth retardant 'Moddus', the number of productive heads increased on 5–19 pieces/m2 , there was also a tendency to an increase in the number of grains per head and grain weight per head. The growth retardant 'Moddus' contributed to a decrease in plant height on 3.6–5.6 cm, at the same time there was a tendency to increase length of head on 0.2–0.5 cm in comparison with the control variant. Mineral fertilizers effectively increased nature weight of the facultative barley variety 'Marusya'. Without fertilization, nature weight of grain was 579 g/l and 584 g/l, and when using fertilizers, it increased on 16–27 g/l or 2.7–4.6%. Productivity increase in the variant when treating with the growth retardant 'Moddus' resulted in an increase of the indicator of conditional net income over the control variant on 745–1884 rubles/ha.


High-frequency dc-dc converters are nowadays widely used in a diversity of power electronic applications. High operating frequencies entail a reduction in size of the passive components, such as in ...


Objective—α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) is a subtype of nAChR and has been reported to be involved in hypertension end-organ damage. In this study, we tested the role of α7nAChR in angiotensin II (Ang II)–induced senescence of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Approach and Results—Expression of α7nAChR was not influenced by Ang II. Ang II induced remarkable senescent phenotypes in rodent and human VSMCs, including increased senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, phosphorylation of H2A.XSer139, phosphorylation of Chk1Ser317, reduced replication, and downregulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Activation of α7nAChR with a selective agonist PNU-282987 blocked Ang II–induced senescence in cultured VSMCs. Moreover, PNU-282987 treatment attenuated the Ang II infusion–induced VSMC senescence in wild-type but not in α7nAChR−/− mice. PNU-282987 reduced the Ang II–enhanced reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and the expression of NADPH oxidase 1, NADPH oxidase 4, and ...


By way of background, and full disclosure, I am a managing attorney with Delaware's oldest and largest civil legal services program, Community Legal Aid society, Inc., where my colleagues and I represent victims of domestic violence in obtaining orders of protection. I also hold a Masters and PhD in social work and so bring an academic and research-based framework to the challenges confronting our clients.


We consider the deep inelastic process for a nonrelativistic quark confined by the po tential, allowing emissions of mesons for transitions from one level to the others of the quark bound states. We study the mechanisms by which the meson emission process (quark materialization) can be factorized out, and clarify it for some examples of the potential. These mechanisms are useful in understanding the similar problem in relativistic field theories. § I. Introduction Although the free parton model has succeeded in predicting many phenomeno logical features of deep inelastic processes, it contains the difficult problem that the basic assumption of the model, that the struck quark is essentially free, seem ingly contradicts the quark confinement. It is conventionally asserted that the effect of the final-state interactions by confinements can be factorized out from the whole amplitude and can reduce to the term representing "unit probability". However, the previous investigations]) on the simple field theoretical model [ ¢ 3-multiperipheral model] do not lead to the above assertions; every diagram with final state interactions gives the vanishing contribution for Q--.oo. It is also ar gued in the covariant parton modeJ2l that softened field theories, producing the transverse momentum cutoff, give vanishing amplitudes for final state interactions. In this paper, we shall discuss the deep inelastic processes in a simple quantum mechanical system where a quark is confined inside the potential [Quarkonium] and the struck quark yet confined as an excited state can fall back into lower levels by meson emissions. We are not going to assert that the "quarkonium" model is phenomenologically workable in the analyses of existing data of deep inelastic processes. Our aim is to get, through this simple solvable model, a c1 ue to the proper treatment of final state interactions. In our model, two types of the final state interactions exist: The one is clue to the "quarkonium" potential and the other the quark materialization through the emissions of mesons. There have already been many investigations 31 ' 41 on the deep process in the quarkonium model. In all these, however, no consideration was put on the quark materialization. The latter is important in the field theoretical


This study peeked into understanding the factors that determine household food security status among farmers in Zango-Kataf and Kachia local government areas of Kaduna State, Nigeria. Using random sampling, data were obtained from 150 farmers from a population of 1503 in four (4) communities, with the aid of structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Logit regression model and descriptive statistics. Household size (1%), dependency ratio (1%), use of consumption credit (10%), membership of association (5%), access to markets (10%), and annual health expenditure on family (10%) were found to be the most determining variables for household food security status. The study equally observed that, of the sampled farmers, 74% of them were found to be food secured, while 26% were not. The intensification of enlightenment campaigns and programs on birth control measures and the benefits of small household size is therefore recommended. Food buying cooperation in line with saving money by pooling food purchases, and where consumer cooperative is workable, it could be looked into to enhance food accessibility. The government intervention in community healthcare facilities to providing at least basic, primary health care for farmers so as not to allow ill-health impede production activities of farmers, is also recommended.


[Objective] To clone gene of the TRAIL and construct its prokaryotic expression vector.[Methods]The cDNA from114~281 fragment of human TRAIL gene was amplified from HeLa by RT-PCR and then cloned into the expression vector pET32a(+).The TRAIL-GST was expressed in E.Coli.[Results] Sequence indicated that the sequence of TRAIL gene was identical with that in the GenBank.The protein expressed in E.Coli was 29 kD analyzed by SDS-PAGE.[Conclusion] Clone of human trail gene and its expression in E.coli can offer lab data for further researching its mechanism.


Purpose: To investigate the cytotoxic effect of Brefeldin A in two different lung cancer cell lines, A549 and H1299, and the potential anti-cancer effect on target LCSC (lung cancer stem cell). Experimental design: First, we evaluated the cytotoxic effect of Brefeldin A on cell viabilities of lung cancer cell lines A549 and H1299 as well as LCSC, and then we investigated the inhibitory effect on cancer cell migration in vitro by a wound healing assay. Moreover, a colony formation assay using soft agar in multi-well plates was performed to measure the effect of Brefeldin A on the stemness of cancer cells. Results: Brefeldin A was able to specifically kill LCSCs. There was no effect on A549 and H1299 in attachment culture. In the cell migration experiments, the tumor cells exhibited significantly slower wound closure after Brefeldin A treatment. Moreover, significant reductions in colony size and number were observed in colony formation assay in both cell lines after Brefeldin A treatment. The above results provided a new heading in cancer treatment where Brefeldin A effectively inhibited lung cancer stem cell growth and prevented metastasis in lung cancer cell which can be further investigated in the future to develop new therapy in cancer treatment.


The Warp machine consists of a programmable linear systolic array connected to a general-purpose workstation host. Warp can be accessed either locally from this host or remotely from a large number of workstations connected to a local area network. Since the linear arrangement of the cells in the array restricts direct input and output with the host to the boundary cells, a source language debugger is important for program development. The Warp debugger is integrated into the Warp Programming Environment (WPE) which provides a uniform interface to the Warp machine. The debugger presents a conventional debugging model that includes breakpoints for individual cells as well as the inspection of the local state of each of the cells in the array. Although this user model is fairly simple, the implementation had to overcome several problems resulting from the parallel architecture of the machine and the distributed architecture of the programming environment.


PurposeExtant research shows mixed results on the impact of expressed negative emotions on donations in online charitable crowdfunding. This study solves the puzzle by examining how different types of negative emotions (i.e. sadness, anxiety and fear) expressed in crowdfunding project descriptions affect donations.Design/methodology/approachData on 15,653 projects across four categories (medical assistance, education assistance, disaster assistance and poverty assistance) from September 2013 to May 2019 come from a leading online crowdfunding platform in China. Text analysis and regression models serve to test the hypotheses.FindingsIn the medical assistance category, the expression of sadness has an inverted U-shaped effect on donations, while the expression of anxiety has a negative effect. An appropriate number of sadness words is helpful but should not exceed five times. In the education assistance and disaster assistance categories, the expression of sadness has a positive effect on donations, but disclosure of anxiety and fear has no influence on donations. Expressions of sadness, anxiety and fear have no impact on donations in the poverty assistance category.Research limitations/implicationsThis work has important implications for fundraisers on how to regulate the fundraisers' expressions of negative emotions in a project's description to attract donations. These insights are also relevant for online crowdfunding platforms.Originality/valueOnline crowdfunding research often studies negative emotions as a whole and does not differentiate project types. The current work contributes by empirically testing the impact of three types of negative emotions on donations across four major online crowdfunding categories.


ABSTRACT Toward the development of drug carriers that are capable of crossing biological membranes, controlled emulsion polymerization has been utilized to produce nanoparticulate carriers from the combination of poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) and alkylglyceryl dextran to a molecular structure designed to combine the nonimmunogenic and stabilizing properties of dextran with the demonstrated permeation enhancing ability of alkylglycerols. To this aim, a systematic series of alkylglyceryl dextrans have been synthesized and functionalized with ethyl or butyl cyanoacrylates to form stable polymeric nanocarriers (100–500 nm). Results of investigations into their capability to act as controlled-release devices and their cytotoxicity against bEnd3 cells are reported. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


After the elections to the State Duma of 7 December 2003 supporters of Russian President V. Putin formed a so-called constitutional majority that is, they have enough votes to make amendments to the constitution. At the same time it was quite obvious that Putin was going to win the presidential elections in March 2004. So the president of the Russian Federation can change the constitution as he pleases. There have been no amendments to the Constitution for a decade, apart from the tacit changes when some subject of the Russian Federation changed their names. The results of both presidential and Duma elections raised a number of legal and political issues. Different political groups may deal with those issues in different ways and that is what they are going to do in the nearest future. We will try to analyze several aspects of the existing situation: 1) which ideas were accepted and which were rejected by the electorate; what influence it may have on the possible constitutional reform; 2) why the issue of changing the Constitution is raised now and again; 3) which alleged 'drawbacks' of the Constitution are depicted as worth correcting; 4) mechanisms of changing the Constitution;


Objective To ivestigate the relationship between atrioventricular node(AVN) positive and negative wenckebach's cycle (WC)and atrial fibrillation (AF).Methods The cases' characteristic of positive and negative Wc were analyzed through the electrophysiological study on AVN double pathways.These cases were divided into two groups.One group occurred AF and the other didn't.Results Among the 18 patients with AF that resulted from the electrophysiological study,the remainder between negative wenckebach's cycle length(WCL)and positive WCL was obviously larger than those who didn't appear AF.Conclusion AF can easily occurs while the remainder between positive WCL and negative WCL of AVN is of a little large.


Background Mounting evidence has reported that microRNA-154-5p (miR-154-5p) is involved in the development of multiple cancers, but its function in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains not well investigated. Methods Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect miR-154-5p expression in NPC tissues and cells. CCK8, colony formation, wound healing and transwell assays were performed to assess cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Dual-luciferase reporter assays and Western blots were performed to confirm the target gene of miR-154-5p. Rescue experiments were conducted to explore the influence of target gene KIF14 on the functions of miR-154-5p. Xenograft tumor model was conducted to detect the effect of miR-154-5p in vivo. Results qRT-PCR results revealed that the expression of miR-154-5p was down-regulated in NPC tissues and cell lines compared to normal nasopharyngeal tissues and cell line. Overexpression of miR-154-5p inhibited cell migration and invasion. However, miR-154-5p had no influence on the proliferation of NPC cells. MiR-154-5p overexpression suppressed xenograft tumor metastasis in vivo. Dual-luciferase reporter analysis identified KIF14 as a target gene of miR-154-5p. Rescue experiments showed that knockdown of KIF14 reversed the effect of inhibiting miR-154-5p expression on NPC cell migration and invasion. Conclusion Taken together, miR-154-5p suppresses tumor migration and invasion by targeting KIF14 in NPC. The newly identified miR-154-5p/KIF14 interaction offers further insights into the progression of NPC, which may represent a novel target for NPC diagnosis and treatment.


In this work, the layout of piezoelectric transducers is designed using the Topology Optimization Method (TOM). Starting with a finite element model and its modal reduction, a state-space model for a control scheme is built. With this model, two objective functions are formulated, i.e. the maximization of the trace of the controllability gramian matrix and the maximization of the trace of the observability gramian matrix. Each objective function simultaneously seeks an optimized distribution of piezoelectric material over an elastic structure. A SIMP material interpolation model, a spatial filter, and the Sequential Linear Programming (SLP) method with moving limits are used to solve the optimization problem. Moreover, a linear-quadratic-Gaussian controller (LQG) is implemented to verify the structural performance of a cantilever beam exposed to vibration. Finally, numerical results are shown for the transducers' topologies and their control performance.


A differential optical profilometry technique with picometre-range sensitivity is adapted to the non invasive measurement of the roughness inside hollow glass fibres by use of immersion objectives and index-matching liquid.


Annual festivals are part of numerous cultures throughout the world. The occurrence of the festivals in a given culture varies with the type of calendar followed in that tradition. While some of the American holidays are celebrated based on the Gregorian calendar, many other traditions, including Indian traditions follow lunar calendar. Since traditions are long-lasting by definition, and are associated with cycle in the natural conditions (weather, crop, etc.), we decided to analyze several natural parameters (temperature, day length, moon light length, etc.) examine a correlation between annual festivals and natural factors. Results suggest significant correlation between selective natural parameters and annual festivals.


In order to yield analytically useful information every potentiometric measurement requires stable and reproducible reference potential. That requirement has to be satisfied for potentiometry performed in liquid or gas phase alike, although two fundamentally different mechanisms lead to formation of the measurable cell voltage. It is shown that the Fermi level of silicon used in insulated gate field-effect transistors (IGFET) provides an exceptionally stable and robust reference potential. A semi-quantitative dependence of IGFET output on partial pressure of the analyte gas is presented.


With the deepening of China's modern construction, innovative computer technology and the modern Internet technology has gradually become an important tool in social production activities has been indispensable in people's daily life. Computers and the Internet have been extensively used in all walks of life in society, and become an essential technical support to promote China's socialist modernization. In the application of the Internet, the application of search engine is closely related to people's Internet life, it can help users to locate the information they need in a large number of Internet information. At present, the search engine technology has been relatively mature, in the mechanical structure and application of the promotion has a relatively good performance. However, with the increasing number of Internet users and the increasing demand of users, the traditional search engine has been unable to meet the needs of the times. At present, the intelligent search mode based on Java technology is an essential development direction of the Internet search engine. Next, this article will start from the current Java technology based on the search engine research and implementation of the relevant content to start a specific description of the article.


As a result of AJAX technology used universally,WEB projects become more complicated.It is advantageous to use AJAX frame in WEB projects.Discussed the AJAX technology characteristic and the application situation,in view of based on in the AJAX dynamic client side development efficiency question,proposed that uses the DWR frame design to realize the AJAX application effect example solution,uses the client side script language to complete the dynamic demonstration function to the server end long-distance transfer technology,optimized the development efficiency.Gives partial codes in dynamic HTML page,server end design method.


The currently remaining uncertainties on nanostructure has severely hindered the optimal design of hard carbon electrodes. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) characterizations allow us to carry out structural measurements at the atomic level, however, extracting physically meaningful and statistically robust data from HRTEM images is not an easy process. In this work, intelligent fringe analysis and Gabor filtering algorithm were combined to reduce subjective bias and improve statistical reliability. Fringe orientation was described by nematic symmetry of second-order statistics. As a representative, detailed structural analysis of sucrose-derived hard carbon prepared at different heat-treatment temperatures was performed. Advanced HRTEM image analysis reveals that the nanostructural evolution of hard carbon is manifested in several aspects, involving the growth and flattening of fringes, enhancement of ordering alignment, increase of stacking, and development of symmetry. More importantly, these structural parameters were quantitatively analyzed in detail. The structural parameters obtained by HRTEM are consistent with similar parameters obtained by other techniques such as X-ray diffraction. This work provides an unprecedented quantitative insight into the nanostructural trends of hard carbon, with potential to aid researchers in elucidating the structure-property relationships of carbon electrodes


Background and Aim: From propounding of spirituality in the field of health has lasted more than 5 decades, but aspects of this important dimension has remained unknown. This study aimed to present main strategies for realizing spiritual health with Islamic perspective. Materials and Methods: In this qualitative study, in order to extract the foundations and theoretical literature of the research, revelatory Islamic sources including the Quranic verses and the Hadiths of the Infallibles as well as the phrases of some scholars were reviewed and then, by analyzing the holy texts using hermeneutic and inductive content analysis methods, strategies to achieve spiritual health were suggested. Findings: Three parts including foundations (12 components), prerequisites (3 components), and promotion strategies of spiritual health (10 components) were extracted. The first part explains three main harm factors of sin, lust, and hatred that endangers community spiritual health and both personal and community spiritual health requires Purity of heart and avoid them. Believing in God and Prophets and Divine Parents; and acting on their recommendations; paying attention to the health and disease; hope, patience and trust in God are considered as the prerequisites for spiritual health, and based on them, theoretical strategies to promote spiritual health was presented. Ethical Considerations: In this study, trusteeship was observed in reporting and citating of the texts. Conclusion: The best sources are Quran and the teachings of the infallibles and the best doctors are infallible imams and divine ones. Thus, providing the ground to practice on these strategies is recommended to realize and promote spiritual health utilizing quantitative and qualitative methods at individual and community levels. Cite this article as: Abolghasemi MJ. Foundations, Pre-requisites and Strategies for the Realization and Promotion of Spiritual Health Based on Islamic teachings. Med Ethics J. 2018; 12(43): e19.


Recent years have witnessed rapid development in the research area of WiFi sensing, which senses human activities in a contactless and non-intrusive manner. One major issue that hinders real-world deployment of these systems is position dependence, i.e., once the human target changes location and orientation, the sensing performance degrades significantly. Existing machine learning based methods aim to solve this problem by either generating high-dimensional features or transfer learning the environment knowledge. However, these methods require significant training effort and yet acquire limited improvement. In this paper, we start by understanding and analyzing the Doppler frequency shift in WiFi sensing. We then develop a WiFi frequency model to quantify the relationship between signal frequency and target position, motion direction and speed for human activities. Based on this theoretical model, we prove that the commonly-used movement speed and motion direction features are position dependent, and further identify movement fragments and relative motion direction changes as two position-independent features. Building upon the frequency model and the position-independent features, we design a suite of position-independent gestures and develop the gesture recognition system accordingly. Evaluation results show that under various conditions (i.e., different locations, orientations, environments, and persons), our system achieves more than 96 percent recognition accuracy without any training, significantly outperforming state-of-the-art machine learning based solutions.


Magic angle intensity decay and dynamic fluorescence anisotropy measurements were made on the binary solvent system composed of ethylammonium nitrate ([N2,0,0,0+][NO3−], EAN) + methanol (MeOH) across the complete EAN mole fraction range (xIL = 0–1) using the neutral dipolar solute coumarin 153 (C153) at 295 K. Stokes–Einstein–Debye (SED) hydrodynamic theory was used as a model framework to assess the C153 rotational reorientation dynamics. Departure from stick SED prediction was observed (in contrast to literature reports that used cationic or anionic dyes) and indicated a significant influence of domain nanoheterogeneity on probe dynamics. Steady-state spectroscopy indicated minimal changes in spectral peak and width with mole fraction, except at xIL = 0.3 where absorption widths decreased by ~170 cm−1, signaling that C153 sensed a change in solution heterogeneity. Magic angle intensity decays corroborated the steady-state observation and the excited-state lifetimes showed a marked change from xIL = 0.2–0.4 where EAN-EAN interactions became notably more significant. C153 average rotation times (⟨τrot⟩) showed significant solvent decoupling with increased EAN. The rotational data were fit to a power law dependence, ⟨τrot⟩ ∝ (ηT)p, where p = 0.82, demonstrating the presence of dynamic heterogeneity in the EAN/MeOH solutions. With increased EAN, rotation times showed that the heterogeneity became increasingly more significant since the rotation times systematically decreased away from the hydrodynamic stick limit.


Decarboxylation of the ligands in the magnesium cations [CH3CO2MgO2CCH2X(CH3)2]+ (where X = NCH3, 1a; and S, 1b) can give rise to either an organometallic cation [CH3MgO2CCH2X(CH3)2]+, 2, or a coordinated ylide [CH3CO2MgCH2X(CH3)2]+, 3. Collision-induced dissociation of a precursor complex in which the acetate ligand was 13C labeled allowed the direct determination of the relative ratio of formation of 2 and 3 via a comparison of the losses of 13CO2 and CO2. For the nitrogen betaine, 1a, both 2a and 3a are formed, in a ratio of ca 1:3, respectively. In contrast, for the sulfur betaine, 1b, the coordinated ylide, 3b, is almost exclusively formed. These striking differences are confirmed by DFT calculations at the B3LYP/6-31+G(d) level of theory, which show that the activation energies associated with the formation of 2a and 3a are close (2.33 eV versus 2.28 eV), but that formation of 3b (Ea = 1.97 eV) is favored over formation of 2b (Ea = 2.33 eV). Use of the 13C-labeled acetate ligand also allowed the bim...


An algorithm for creating a truss network with the truss-Z system in a 3D environment with obstacles is demonstrated. This modular truss system is designed for pedestrian traffic and connects any given number of points in space (terminals), allowing "branching" and "looping". The concept of the truss-Z is based on a universal module that is subject to geometrical transformations, allowing the construction of a structural link along virtually any 3D path. The emerging form of the structure has organic aesthetic qualities. The elements of the environment model real obstacles, such as roads, buildings and watercourses, which may constrain both the run of the truss and the placement of the supports. An example of a truss-Z network connecting six terminals in an environment with three solids is shown.


SUMMARY.— The microscopic changes in geographic tongue (superficial migratory glossitis) include spongiform pustules similar to those which occur in acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau, impetigo herpetiformis, pustular psoriasis and Reiter's syndrome. The presence of spongiform pustules in geographic tongue was first described by Gastou in 1902.


Objective To investigate the attentional bias for negative words in subjects with different trait anxiety.Methods The subjects with different trait anxiety (high anxiety:n =21,normal:n =20,low anxiety:n =21)participated in a dot-probe task.By compareing the reaction time and attentional bias under the probes replacing the words stimulus in different conditions,the subjects' attentional bias for negative word was examined.Results When the stimulus was negative-neutral words,the subjects all showed attentional bias and there was a significant difference to 0 value[D1=(14.44±26.22)ms,t =2.401;D2=(12.05±19.89)ms,t =2.571;D3=(-13.14±24.07)ms,t =2.379;P <0.05]. When the stimulus is negative-positive words,only the high- and low-anxiety groups show attentional bias and there was a significant difference to 0 value[D4 =(21.07±32.91)ms,t =2.791;D6=(-8.98±18.04)ms,t =2.170;P <0.05].Conclusion High trait anxious participants showed attentional bias to negative words,and low trait anxious participants showed attentional avoidance to negative words.

Key words:
Anxiety;  Dot probe task;  Attentional bias;  Negative words


Using annual mean,maximum,minimum air temperature and monthly mean precipitation data from 5 weather stations in Mt.Qomolangma region from 1971 to 2004,climatic linear trend,moving mean,low-pass filter and accumulated variance analysis methods,the spatial and temporal patterns of the climatic change in this region were analyzed.The main findings can be summarized as follows:(1)There is an obvious ascending trend for the interannual variation of air temperature in Mt.Qomolangma region and the ascending trend of the highest station,Tingri,is most significant.The rate of increasing air temperature is 0.0234 oCa-1 in Mt.Qomolangma region and 0.0302 oCa-1 in Tingri.The air temperature increases more strongly in non-growing season.(2)Compared with China and the global mean,the warming of Mt.Qomolangma region occurred early.The linear rates of temperature increase in Mt.Qomolangma region exceed those for China and the global mean in the same period.This is attributed to the sensitivity of mountain regions to climate change.(3)The southern and northern parts of Mt.Qomolangma region are quite different in precipitation changes.Stations in the northern part show increasing trends but are not statistically significant.Nyalam in the southern part shows a decreasing trend and the sudden decrease of precipitation occurred in the early 1990s.(4)Compared with the previous studies,we find that the warming of Mt.Qomolangma high-elevation region is most significant in China in the same period.The highest automatic meteorological comprehensive observation station in the world that was set up at the base camp of Mt.Qomolangma with an elevation of 5032 m above sea level will play an important role in monitoring the global climate change.


The objective of the study is to apply linear matrix inequality (LMI) method for helping the analysis of power system transient stability. LMI method is used for parameter determination of Lure type Lyapunov function. Two types of Lure function are taken into consideration. In this paper, a method for computation of critical value of the function is also studied. This method can be implemented using LMI package. In this study, in order to derive the method, a simple multi machine model which can include network transfer conductances, uniform or nonuniform damping is considered. It can be verified by a simulation that the proposed method can improve the conservativeness of energy function and conventional Lure type Lyapunov function.


Complications after treatment are something most physicians would rather not think about. Most competent physicians recognize that untoward effects can occur with any therapy and strive to minimize or eliminate them. This has always been true, but interest in complications and their prevention has assumed greater importance with the increase in litigation for medical misadventures. Rising expectation on the part of patients is one reason for this increased litigation. In the past, patients were often grateful just to emerge alive from anesthesia for a minor surgical procedure. Now patients having major surgery expect little or no sequelae, minimal scarring, and a successful outcome. We, as physicians, have become victims of our own success. Major complications occur every day. Occasionally neither the physician nor the patient will recognize them immediately. John Conley, an eminent head and neck surgeon, recognizes that complications may befall the finest surgeon, irrespective of training or expertise.


Since Action Analysis perspective has been adopted in sociology, the Dyad had been considered the basic analytical unit of the social system. Today, it is a widely-known fact that sociologist try to apply the dyadic concepts and frame of reference to the analysis of the total social system. In this paper, too, I focus my analysis on the stability conditions of the dyadic system with implication for the analysis of the total social system.Several sociologists have repeatedly pointed out that the inquiry of the stability conditions is indispensable for any adequate analysis of the social system. Nevertheless, genuine work for the solution of this problem has yet to be done. This paper has been written with this very realization.In order to proceed with this work, we must first make a clear and accurate model about dyadic system by specifying several assumptions and then draw out the stability conditions deductively. Through the reinterpretation of basic concepts in Homans' "Elementary Social Behavior", a very significant contribution to the synthesis of economic behavior and operant behavior, I have attempted to formulate the dyadic model mathematically. Furthermore, the stability conditions of the dyadic model is considered with the assistance of the analytical tools of stability analysis, which has been developped in the Modern Systems Tneory, and these conditions are later discussed sociologically.


A Human-In-The-loop (HITL) simulation was conducted to investigate the integration of two advanced aviation capabilities across both the air and ground domains. Interval Management (IM) and Controller Pilot Data Link Communications (CPDLC) were the two capabilities. The IM concept was examined in different communication environments. Of particular interest was the communication of the IM clearance since it is expected to be a complex communication. The simulation focused on three levels of IM clearance complexity and two different modes of communication (voice only versus voice with CPDLC). Pilot CPDLC communications were further examined by allowing for the CPDLC message to either be manually or directly loaded into the flight deck IM equipment. In the HITL, pilots and controllers conducted IM and had communication exchanges that were supported by automation. Pilot results from the HITL are provided in this paper. The majority of pilots found the integration of the IM and CPDLC capabilities acceptable. Pilots had difficulty with the "Higher" complexity IM clearances, especially over voice communications. They preferred CPDLC over voice communications and the results revealed using CPDLC improved the acceptability of Higher complexity clearances. The results of the HITL are expected to be used by the Federal Aviation Administration to further scope the spectrum of IM operations and communications.


The purpose of this study was to investigate what athletes perceived to be essential for effective sport psychology consulting and to examine athletes' perceptions of the key components of an effective sport psychology consulting relationship. Nine elite athletes participated in individual semi-structured interviews (6 males and 3 females, mean age = 32.7 years, SD = 11.05, mean competitive experience = 17.9 years, SD = 9.0) from a variety of sports (e.g. cricket, rugby, swimming, triathlon, dressage, and wheelchair rugby). Inductive content analysis indicated that three categories were essential for sport psychology consulting effectiveness; (a) sport psychology consultants (SPCs) were friendly but not a friend; (b) SPC consulting experience; and (c) athlete-centered consulting. Four categories emerged regarding effective consulting relationships: (a) flexibility; (b) open, honest, and respectful; (c) contributions from both the athlete and SPC; and (d) athlete as an active participant in the consulting relationship.


Because of the great volume of image resources produced and gathered on the web for public browsing, image retrieving tools and systems play an important role for users in retrieving image resources. A novel image retrieving system, the Image Semantic Search System (ISSS), was designed and implemented based on semantic web concepts and techniques. The paper illustrates the methodology for designing the sematic search system to provide user friendly interfaces and relevant searching results. The paper also presents the architectural design and implementation of the system and uses a case study to demonstrate the application