With the widespread application of coal in power electronic motor drives and large, a large number of harmonics and reactive power supply system impact will cause greater volatility, reduce motor power factor. Proposes the use of SVG in 6 k V mine in static reactive power compensation device,through the analysis of its principles, the actual engineering design of control algorithms and circuit solutions. Actual results indicate SVG reactive power compensation device effectively improve the power supply situation in the coal mine, suppress harmonics and improve the power factor, making a stable and reliable supply of coal production.


—Nanonetworks is an emerging field of study where nanomachines communicate to work beyond their individual limited processing capabilities and perform complicated tasks. The human body is an example of a very large nanoscale communication network, where individual constituents communicate by means of molecular nanonetworks. Amongst the various intra-body networks, the nervous system forms the largest and the most complex network. In this paper, we introduce a queueing theory based delay analysis model for neuro-spike communication between two neurons. Using standard queueing model blocks such as servers, queues and fork-join networks, impulse reception and processing through the nervous system is modeled as arrival and service processes in queues. Simulations show that the response time characteristics of the model are comparable to those of the biological neurons.


This article focuses on the relevance of long-term equilibrium relations for financial decision making. Special attention is devoted to optimal asset allocation in the presence of possibly cointegrated time-series, e.g., asset prices. Using a stylized asset allocation problem, the link is established between the number of cointegrating relations and their precise form on the one hand, and the optimal asset allocation on the other hand. The paper disentangles the different effects of long-term relations on optimal asset allocation with different planning horizons: error-correction mainly affects tactical asset allocation, while cointegration affects strategic asset allocation. The paper also presents results on the effects of incorporating an incorrect number of error-correction mechanisms in financial decision models. Mis-specifying the number of cointegrating relations in a scenario generator can induce either inefficient or overly risky financial management decisions. The findings are illustrated using a stylized empirical example from currency management.


The leaching conditions from trace quantity of cobalt is studied.The orthogonal test result shows that acidity of H2SO4 contribut is the premier factor on cobalt leaching rate,followed by extraction time and temperature,and the influence of acidity is much more stable than that of extraction time and temperature.To raise acidity of H2SO4 and extraction temperature can improve leaching rate.The cobalt leaching rate can reach 91.56% on the condition of 100 ℃,45% acidity and 3 h.When H2SO4 is excess,the excesses amount of H2SO4 has no obvious effect on cobalt leaching rate.


Concentrations of perfluorochemicals (PFCs) including perfluoroalkylsulfonates (PFSAs), and perfluoroalkylcarboxylates (PFCAs) were determined in liver of harbor seals (n=68) collected from the northwest Atlantic between 2000 and 2007. Of ten PFCs measured, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) concentrations were the highest in liver (8 to 1388 ng/g, ww), followed by perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) (<1 to 30.7 ng/g, ww). An unusual accumulation profile of longchain (C7-C12) PFCAs, and the predominance of PFUnDA, followed by PFNA in seal liver suggested that fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs) may be a major source of PFCAs in the northwest Atlantic. No gender-related differences in the concentrations of individual PFCs or total PFCs were found. Concentrations of PFOS and PFDS were higher in tissues of the pups than the adults, whereas concentrations of the PFCAs were similar between pups and adults. PFOS concentrations in the pups were 2.6-fold higher than those in the adult females, suggesting the importance of maternal transfer of PFCs. Hepatic PFOS concentrations were strongly, positively correlated with PFOSA, PFDS and individual PFCAs, indicating that harbor seals are exposed simultaneously to these compounds. Temporal comparisons of hepatic PFC concentrations showed a marginal increase of PFOS and PFCAs in the adult seals from 2000 to 2007. Unlike the spatial trend observed for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), no south to north (urban-rural-remote) decreasing trend was observed for PFCs, suggesting the presence of diffuse sources of PFC contamination throughout the northwest Atlantic. Shaw et al. (2009) Chemosphere 74: 1037–1043. Background Perfluorochemicals (PFCs) are persistent halogenated contaminants that are widely distributed in the environment, in wildlife, and in humans worldwide. For over 40 years, PFCs have been used in a variety of industrial and consumer products, including protective coatings for carpets and apparel, nonstick cookware, paper coatings, insecticide formulations, and surfactants in fire-fighting foams. PFCs have been shown to bioaccumulate and biomagnify in marine food webs and elevated concentrations are detected in marine mammals. Two major classes of PFCs are perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (PFSAs), and perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs). The PFSAs (e.g., perfluorooctanesulfonate [PFOS] and perfluorooctane sulfonamide [PFOSA]), are degradation products of perfluoroalkyl sulfamido alcohols via biotransformation processes and abiotic oxidation. Concerns about widespread global contamination by PFOS led to a phase-out of production of PFOS-based compounds by a major producer in 2001 (3M, 2000); however, PFCAs continue to be manufactured worldwide for use as emulsifiers and additives in the polymerization process PFCs are known to adversely affect both preand post-natal development and the neuroendocrine and immune systems in animals via at least five different pathways. Recent field studies suggest that PFCmediated effects occur in marine mammals, including infectious disease in California sea otters and modulation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α-cytochrome P450 4A-signaling pathway associated with carcinogenesis in Baikal seals. There is no evidence for biodegradation of PFCs in the environment, thus the toxic potential of PFSAs and long-chain PFCAs in wildlife and humans is of concern. Findings This is the first report of PFC contamination in marine mammals from the northwest Atlantic marine coastal region. ! PFOS was the dominant PFC found in seal liver at concentrations ranging from 8 to 1388 ng/g ww (mean 216 ng/g ww). Other perfluoroalkyl sulfonates (PFDS and PFOSA) were detected at much lower concentrations than PFOS, ranging from <1 to 25.8 ng/g ww. Perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFCAs, C7-C12) were detected at concentrations ranging from <1 to 87.4 ng/g, ww (mean 25.9 ng/g, ww). ! PFOS concentrations in northwest Atlantic harbor seals were within the range of concentrations detected in liver of marine mammals from various mid-latitude locations. Levels in our samples were an order of magnitude higher than those reported in harbor seals from the US Pacific coast but lower than levels in bottlenose dolphins from the Florida coast and the South Carolina coast. ! We found a new and unusual accumulation profile of long-chain PFCAs in liver of harbor seals which suggests a shift in recent sources of emission of PFCs. This profile is unusual because for most marine mammals from North American and European coastal waters, perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) is the second most prevalent PFC, after PFOS, whereas in this study, perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) is the second most abundant PFC in seals. ! Another interesting finding of this study was the unusual pattern of long-chain PFCAs in seal liver: PFUnDA (C11)> PFNA (C9)>PFDA (C10)>PFDoDA (C12), which differs from the general odd/even pattern observed in biota. ! This study represents the first comprehensive dataset to provide evidence for higher accumulation of PFCs in seal pups than in adults. Although not mother-pup pairs, mean PFOS concentrations in the pups were 2.6-fold higher than those in adult females, indicating that maternal transfer is a significant exposure route for PFCs to pups. ! There were no differences in PFC concentrations between adult males and females. This pattern differs from other POPs in which concentrations are lower in adult females due to placental and lactational transfer to pups. This implies that the elimination capacity for PFCs is significant in adult animals. Moreover, the half-lives of the compounds may be relatively short. ! Although several studies have reported an increasing trend in PFOS and PFCA concentrations in marine mammals over the past 20 to 30 years No temporal trend was observed for PFC concentrations in harbor seals between 2000 and 2007, suggesting continuous inputs and/or recycling of these persistent compounds in the northwest Atlantic. ! There was a lack of an urban-rural-remote decreasing spatial trend (from New York to Maine) in hepatic PFC concentrations in these seals which, along with their unusual PFC profile, implies that diffuse common sources are significant throughout the northwest Atlantic marine ecosystem. These may include landfill leachate and wastewater effluent from households and industries as well as precursor molecules (sulfonamido alcohols and FTOHs) These novel findings underline the growing problem of PFC contamination of marine ecosystems and the need for policy decisions regarding the production and use of PFCs. Publications resulting from this research: Shaw, S. D., Berger, M. L., Brenner, D., Tao, L., Wu, Q., Kannan, K. (2009). Specific accumulation of perfluorochemicals in harbor seals (Phoca vitulina concolor) from the northwest Atlantic. Chemosphere 74: 1037–1043. Shaw, S.D., Berger, M.L., Brenner, D., Kannan, K. (2006). Perfluorooctane sulfonate and related perfluorinated hydrocarbons in harbor seals (Phoca vitulina concolor) from the northwest Atlantic. Organohalogen Compounds 68: 2042-2046. Shaw, S.D. (2006). Seals as Sentinels: Assessing Toxic Contaminants in Northwestern Atlantic Coast Seals. Final Project Report to the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration. Marine Environmental Research Institute, Blue Hill, ME, 123 pp. Contract No. EA133F05CN1358.


Solid substrate cultures of moulds behave in quite a difTerent way to conventional submerged cultures. Catabolic repression often observed in submerged fermentation can easily be overcome by using solid state fermentation. A. niger strains can be grown by SSF technique with the following advantages: enzyme titres and productivity are usually higher; there is a tendency to early enzyme excretion as compared to SmF technique.


A simple but very efficient technique of 3D object reconstruction and recognition is presented here. An optical and computer vision based measurement system is used to acquire the object's data. The recognition algorithm is a distance calculator. It is used to compute the proximity of the object's shape under test and a reference object's geometry shape. Here, as an application example, we presents a human face recognition case. The effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated here in two tests in which the same person is compared with himself within different facial expressions and with others persons with different faces expressions too. The results are presented in a comparative chart.


The morphology and revised distribution of three Ramularia species (teleomorphs unknown) are presented based on fresh specimens. Ramularia melampyri is new for Poland, and R. celastri is reported from its third (and easternmost) locality in Europe. Ramularia abscondita specimens confirm the occurrence of this species in Poland. As R. melampyri hosts (Melampyrum spp.) are currently classified in Orobanchaceae, the implications of the new systematics of Scrophulariaceae s.l. for the taxonomy of Ramularia and related Mycosphaerella species are discussed briefly.


The objective of this study was to determine the effect of carbohydrate source within a higher protein breakfast on postprandial appetite response in adults with metabolic syndrome.

 Fourteen adults with metabolic syndrome were randomly assigned to consume one of three iso-caloric, higher protein breakfasts (352 kcal; 26.5 ± 0.3 g Pro; 20.0 ± 0.5 g CHO; 19.8 ± 0.3 g 18.0 ± 0.1 g Fat) containing servings of different carbohydrate sources: white potatoes (n = 5; 5 female; 37.6 ± 8.5 y; 98.0 ± 14.1 kg; 39.5 ± 7.3 BMI); 2) processed potatoes (hash browns) (n = 2; 1 female,1 male; 53.0 ± 15.0 y; 81.4 ± 17.0 kg; 29.6 ± 3.0 BMI); or 3) starchy carbohydrate (white rice; n = 5; 4 female,1 male; 33.6 ± 5.0 y; 95.1 ± 18.2 kg; 35.3 ± 4.7 BMI). All participants reported to the lab following an overnight fast. Participants were served their assigned meal (quiche) and were given 15 minutes to fully consume the entire portion. Appetite was assessed via visual analogue scale (VAS) with opposing anchors (e.g., "extremely hungry" or "not hungry at all") at time points 0, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 240 min. Data were analyzed using Prism GraphPad version 8.0. Significance was set at P < 0.05.

 Although not significant, participants who consumed the starchy carbohydrate meal reported increased hunger (182%), desire to eat (64%), and decreased fullness (8%) when compared to participants consuming the potato meal. In addition, the starchy carbohydrate meal consumption was a significantly associated with a desire for sweetness (P < 0.05). No significant differences in appetite were observed between participants consuming the potato meal and the processed potato meal.

 Preliminary results indicate the source of carbohydrate as part of a higher protein breakfast influences postprandial appetite response in adults with metabolic syndrome, however further research is needed.

 Alliance for Potato Research and Education.


An efficient asymmetric vinylogous 1,6-Michael addition of γ-butyrolactam (II) to 5-alkenyl-isoxazoles (I) and α,β-unsaturated ketones (IV) in the presence of a chiral quinine-derived squaramide organocatalyst is reported.


This paper develops a general equilibrium economy in which options are not redundant and studies the impact of heterogeneity in beliefs on option prices and their trading volume. The model builds on the framework in Basak (2000). The model, calibrated to survey data predicts that: the di¤erence in beliefs can account for observed option trading volume; option trading volume is more likely to be driven by changes in di¤erence in beliefs than by wealth shocks; the open interest in options can proxy for di¤erence in beliefs; the model can partly explain the frequencies of violations of one-factor models reported by Bakshi, Cao, and Chen (2000). The model is ...tted to S&P 500 and LIFFE options prices and trading volumes, and series of option-implied di¤erence in beliefs (OIDB) are constructed. Studying the dynamics of OIDB we ...nd that (1) up to 30 percent in OIDB time variation can be explained by di¤erence in beliefs implied by surveys (2) one standard deviation shock to OIDB increases the implied volatility by up to 120 basis points contemporaneously and increases the volatility smile slope by up to 10 basis points (3) option trading volume is more sensitive to shocks to OIDB than to shocks to the value of the underlying asset. JEL classi...cation: D51, G12, G13.


The article substantiates the necessity of conducting toxicological studies and establishment of the toxicity class of fodder additive from freshwater alga Lemna minor enriched with iodine, new approaches are described, and methods are described corresponding to the European requirements for conducting such research. As a result of the conducted studies it was established that the fodder additive does not cause irritating and dermonecrotic effect when applied to the skin of rabbits, and also does not cause irritating effects when applied to the mucous membrane of the eye of rabbit. It has been established that the fodder additive from freshwater Lemna minor enriched with iodine belongs to the 5th toxicity class according to EGS (Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling).


Peer review in scholarly communication and scientific publishing, in one form or another, has always been regarded as crucial to the reputation and reliability of scientific research. In the growing interest of scholarly research and publication, this paper tries to discuss about peer review process and its different types to communicate the early career researchers and academics.This paper has used the published and unpublished documents for information collection. It reveals that peer review places the reviewer, with the author, at the heart of scientific publishing. It is the system used to assess the quality of scientific research before it is published. Therefore, it concludes that peer review is used to advancing and testing scientific knowledgeas a quality control mechanism forscientists, publishers and the public.


This study has three parts. The first chapter investigates the construction sectors in the United States and Japan using the analytical framework of interindustry analysis. Six U.S. and five Japanese input-output tables are analyzed. The second chapter presents the housebuilding policy of Japan. Postwar industrialization of housing production and the recent efforts of the private sector to develop new markets are described. The third chapter explores housing production in the United States. Finally, the relationships between market characteristics and organizational structure of the housebuilding industry in both countries are considered. Thesis Supervisor: Ranko Bon Title: Assistant Professor of Economics in Architecture


Sesbania sesban (L.)MERR.is commonly seen in Asian and African countries. In Tamil it is called as 'Sithagathi'. In olden days, the plant is used to treat various diseases. It acts as astringent, carminative, anti-inflammatory etc., Thehistochemical investigation of the stem indicated the presence of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids etc., The physico-chemical parameters such as ash value, acid insoluble ash, loss on drying, water and alcohol extractive values were determined. Fluorescence analysis showed the plant sample is free of any foreign matter and adulterants. The reaction of the stem powder with different chemicals indicated the presence of the compounds such as starch, crystals and tannins. The pharmacognostic study conducted revealed the purity of the sample. The study establishes the pharmacognostical and physico-chemical standards of the crude drug and helps to differentiate the plant sample from the adulterants.


Accurate estimation of harmonics/interharmonics components is a crucial task in the electric power system. The parametric methods available for this purpose like Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Technique (ESPRIT) give accurate result but suffer from very high computational burden. While on the other hand non-parametric methods like Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) are fast but have low spectral resolution. This paper proposes a Poincare plot-based periodicity filter to detect the presence of interharmonics and then selecting an algorithm based on the requirement of spectral resolution. The proposed Poincare plot-based method has been thoroughly tested for its accuracy by varying different parameters associated with interharmonics components. The method has been tested on synthetic signals as well as experimental validation has also been performed by analyzing the current signal from aeration blower installed at GIFT city, Gujarat.


The bachelor thesis deals with some of the most important moments of female education at the turn of the 20th century. It compares them with the life of Anna Bayer, one of the first women in medicine in Czech lands.


In this study, an approach based on grey relational analysis and the Taguchi method is used to optimize machining parameters with multiple performance characteristics in drilling hybrid Al 356/SiC-mica composites. Experiments were conducted on a vertical machining centre, and Taguchi's Quality Concept, a L9, 3-level orthogonal array was chosen for the experiments. The drilling parameters, namely spindle speed, feed rate, drill and wt% of SiC, were optimized based on multiple performance characteristics including thrust force, surface roughness, and torque. The grey relational analysis with multiple performance characteristics indicates that the feed rate and the type of drill are the most significant factors which affect performance. Experimental results have shown that drilling process performance can be improved effectively by using this approach.


Fetal growth restriction is an adverse event in pregnancy, and the goal of antenatal monitoring is early detection of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). This involves the correct determination of gestational age to differentiate fetal growth restriction from a perceived restriction due to the wrong estimation of the gestational age. The use of ultrasound studies to estimate fetal size, growth, and volume of liquor along with simple charting of fetal growth can help diagnose IUGR and guide the physician toward remedial measures. This review discusses clinical examination as well as investigations needed to confirm the diagnosis of fetal growth restriction.


We have grown face‐centered cubic (FCC) (111)‐ and (001)‐oriented CoxPd1−x alloy films (x≊0.20–0.25) by molecular beam epitaxy on (111)Si and (001)MgO substrates, respectively, with thicknesses ≊200–1000 A. Magnetization (SQUID) measurements show that both (111) and (100) films present a perpendicular easy axis, indicating that a strong magnetic anisotropy overcomes the demagnetizing field favoring the in‐plane orientation. We have studied this magnetic anisotropy by combining SQUID and torque measurements. Our experimental results cannot be accounted for by only invoking the magnetocrystalline anisotropy of a disordered solid solution of Co in FCC Pd, and rather indicate an anisotropic distribution of Co in the Pd host.


Debate about the appropriate treatment of intangible assets can benefit from knowledge about the relevance of their financial statement capitalisation to valuation of firms. With rules permitting or requiring intangible asset capitalisation, Australia provides an ideal setting to obtain this evidence. This paper reports findings that indicate that capitalisation of intangibles is value-relevant for Australia's largest firms. Results indicate that investors place greater value on capitalised goodwill than on other categories of capitalised balance sheet items. Similarly, capitalisation of identifiable intangible assets adds value to large firms. However, research and development capitalisation does not affect the value of firms in our study.


The paper first discusses four types of modern remote education network, the theory of hardware model and software framework for teaching system based on Internet, and the design process for distance education network teaching system.


Fatigue of Structures and Materials: Schijve, J ... The design of mechanical structures with predictable and improved durability cannot be achieved without a thorough understanding of the mechanisms of fatigue damage and more specifically the relationships between the microstructure of materials and their fatigue properties. Written by leading researchers in the field, this book, along with the complementary books Fatigue of Materials


The main purpose of this study was to investigate the m relationship between Total Quality Management (TQM) and Organizational Performance (OP). The motivation for this study was driven by the inconsistent findings in the literature concerning the relationships between TQM and OP. Due to the inconsistent results, a new research has emerged and this has prompted further investigation on the effects of other variables that may better explain the nature of these links. Questionnaires were distributed to 400 Sections of the Pakistani banks. 230 questionnaires were returned and used in the analysis using the PLS-SEM. The results of this study revealed that TQM is significant predictors of OP


The current issue is the first one of the new version of Plant Sociology, the international peer-reviewed journal of the "Società Italiana di Scienza della Vegetazione" (SISV). The technical management of the journal has been entrusted to the editorial platform Pensoft, the Editorial Board has been largely reshaped, now including also a dedicated Social media team. Plant Sociology is focused on all aspects of vegetation from phytocoenosis to landscape level, through time and space, at different geographic and ecological scales; the journal contributes to spread around the issues related to management and conservation of plant communities and plant diversity. All the articles are freely available in Open Access (OA) with affordable article processing charge (APC). In the present Editorial, we briefly discuss the importance of opening the access to knowledge and data about vegetation. We believe that disseminating plant science might be a precious tool for understanding ecological processes, modelling future trends and supporting decision makers. The introduced technological improvement will hopefully allow a larger visibility and circulation for the papers published on Plant Sociology.


Judges with diverse professional training and experience were asked to discriminate the dreams of hospitalized schizophrenics from those of hospitalized nonschizophrenics, a task which proved to be subjectively and objectively extraordinarily difficult. Performing barely above chance expectation as a group, judges tended to be misled by an invalid assumption that material depicting loss of body integrity would be more frequent in the dreams of schizophrenics and relatively insensitive to a valid clue, indications of thought disorder. When judges of similar experience were compared, lengthier experience was unrelated to more accurate judgments. However, when judges with different kinds of experience were contrasted, the kind of experience was strikingly related to accuracy. Judges familiar with dreams and psychotic patients (therapists) were most accurate, judges familiar with psychotic patients but typically not dreams (hospital professionals) were next most accurate while nonprofessionals were least accurate. The importance of attending to the kind of judges' experience—as opposed to amount—in studies of the clinical judgment process was emphasized.


This study presents a theoretical refl ection that aims at identifying teaching strategies for the development of ethical-political dimension of professional competence from the perspective of critical refl ection. Professional competence has two dimensions - technical and political, mediated by ethics. Critical refl ection renew search ways of thinking and doing in health, with the ultimate goal of intervention in social reality, to improve the living conditions and health of communities. Highlights some educational tools such as portfolio, the fijournal and written narratives, which allow producing a clear and objective account of the experience and assigning meaning and signifi cance of what was accomplished. Based on a critical refl ection, such


The separation by "papering" of Nasutitermes exitiosus from broken mound material provides a sample of termites containing higher proportions of small soldiers, second to fifth stage large workers, and alates, and lower proportions of larvae, first stage workers, presoldiers, and workers near to ecdysis, than occur in the termites that remain in the mound material. These differences can be correlated with differences in the behaviour of the various castes and stages when the nest is damaged.


We present a system to test the bistability of individual molecules for application in a QCA cell. The system presented consists of two polysilicon gate electrodes which sit adjacent to two highly-doped windows of silicon to which molecules can be bound. To enable the detection of switching activity the two highly doped regions are electrically connected to the island of a single-electron transistor (SET) which serves as an electrometer. Using this design we facilitate a differential measurement approach where a single molecular switching event should be seen in the conductance of the SET.


Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) is a learning approach which fits the aim of the curriculum. The success of RME in teaching mathematics concepts, triggering students' interest in mathematics and teaching high order thinking skills to the students will make teachers start to learn RME. Hence, RME workshop is often offered and done. This study applied development model proposed by Plomp. Based on the study by RME team, there are three kinds of RME workshop: start-up workshop, follow-up workshop, and quality boost. However, there is no standardized or validated module which is used in that workshops. This study aims to develop a module of RME follow-up workshop which is valid and can be used. Plopm's developmental model includes materials analysis, design, realization, implementation, and evaluation. Based on the validation, the developed module is valid. While field test shows that the module can be used effectively.


This study analyses the relationship between student' learning motivation and student learning independence on dynamic electrical material in class IX SMP Negeri 7 Sungai Raya. The research method used is descriptive, with a correlative form of research. The population is 117 student from all grade IX students of SMP Negeri 7 Sungai Raya, the sample used in this study was 89 students. The sampling technique uses simple random sampling. Values used for independent and bound variables use a questionnaire. The Values analysis technique used is descriptive statistics and correlations with the coefficient of determination at a significant level of 5%. The result of research found that (1) student motivation in class IX SMP Negeri 7 Sungai Raya in the good category; (2) the independence of student learning was in a good category;  and (3) there was a positive and significant relationship between student motivation on student learning independence. So it can be concluded that the greater the student's learning motivation, the greater their learning independence.


In Germany, most federal states subsidise the establishment of perennial flower strips on arable land within agri-environmental schemes. The aim of this is to increase floristic biodiversity in agricultural landscapes, additionally enhancing the habitat situation for insects, birds and small game. In autumn 2010 and spring 2011, the State Institute for Agriculture and Horticulture of Saxony-Anhalt in cooperation with the Anhalt University of Applied Sciences established a trial with perennial flower strips in order to define a robust basis for the new CAP funding period 2014 – 2020. Six wildflower-rich mixtures with seeds from certified seed propagation were compared to a commercial cultivar mixture from the last funding period (2007 – 2013). Even after three years, all wildflower-rich variants showed a species-, structure-, and flower-rich vegetation, whereas already after two years the cultivar mixture was dominated by grasses. On very productive soil, two cuts per year (March, and stepwise in June/July) proved most successful for the wildflower-rich variants. The results were used to shape the agri-environmental schemes for the new funding period in Saxony-Anhalt. In addition, practical guidelines for establishment and management of perennial flower strips were formulated. Agricultural landscapes – Agri-environmental schemes – Seed mixtures – Local provenance – Wild plants – Biodiversity – Management – Practical guidelines Manuskripteinreichung: 30. 10. 2014, Annahme: 1. 12. 2015 © 2 01 6 W . K oh lh am m er , S tu ttg ar t


Background subtraction, or foreground detection, is a challenging problem in video processing. This problem is mainly concerned with a binary classification task, which designates each pixel in a video sequence as belonging to either the background or foreground scene. Traditional approaches for tackling this problem lack the power of capturing deep information in videos from a dynamic environment encountered in real-world applications, thus often achieving low accuracy and unsatisfactory performance. In this paper, we introduce a new 3-D atrous convolutional neural network, used as a deep visual feature extractor, and stack convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) networks on top of the feature extractor to capture long-term dependences in video data. This novel architecture is named a 3-D atrous ConvLSTM network. The new network can capture not only deep spatial information but also long-term temporal information in the video data. We train the proposed 3-D atrous ConvLSTM network with focal loss to tackle the class imbalance problem commonly seen in background subtraction. Experimental results on a wide range of videos demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach and its superiority over existing methods.


. We consider inflationary magnetogenesis where the conformal symmetry is broken by the term f 2 ( φ ) F αβ F αβ . We assume that the magnetic field power spectrum today between 0.1 and 10 4 Mpc is a power law, with upper and lower limits from observation. This fixes f to be close to a power law in conformal time in the window during inflation when the modes observed today are generated. In contrast to previous work, we do not make any assumptions about the form of f outside these scales. We cover all possible reheating histories, described by an average equation of state − 1 / 3 < ¯ w < 1. Requiring that strong coupling and large backreaction are avoided both at the background and perturbative level, we find the bound δ B 0 < 5 × 10 − 15 (cid:0) r 0 . 07 (cid:1) 1 / 2 κ G for the magnetic field generated by inflation, where r is the tensor-to-scalar ratio and κ is a constant related to the form of f . This estimate has an uncertainty of one order of magnitude related to our approximations. The parameter κ is < 100, and values (cid:38) 1 require a highly fine-tuned form of f ; typical values are orders of magnitude smaller.


Spinal meningiomas are benign, slow-growing tumours, developed from arachnoidal cap cells. Calcified forms are about 1–5% of all meningiomas. Complete surgical removal of calcified spinal meningioma remains a true challenge in a context of limited resources without a neurosurgical microscope because of possible dural sac and nerve roots adhesions. We write this letter to the editor with the aim to explain our critical circumstances of the work according to three patients. We experienced three cases of calcified spinal meningiomas, the clinical features are summarized in Table 1. Fig. 1 shows the magnetic images taken before the operation. In all three cases, our surgical procedures consisted of (Fig. 2) : 1) identification of the level using the MRI or CT-scan images. We performed laminectomy of two or three levels depending on the extent of the tumor on the imaging. 2) Complete release of the dural sac posteriorly and postero-laterally. 3) Instrumental palpation of the tumor mass to assess the consistency. 4) Then longitudinal durotomy of about 3–4 cm of the external dural layer using micro-instruments, going beyond the tumour region on either side. 5) Gradual dissection of the tumor by removing the adherent internal dural layer while meticulously separating the rootlets attached to the mass according to Saito et al. techniques using micro-instruments. 6) After complete resection of the tumor, control of hemostasis using surgicel followed by watertight closure of the external dural layer using 3/0 vicryl with no use of biological glue. And 8) porto vac drain was left in situ then suture by layer. No dural defects were observed apart from the surgical opening. The specimen taken and sent for histology came back as psammomatous (calcified) meningioma (Fig. 3). Calcified spinal meningiomas are frequently observed in Letter to the Editor : Extramedullary Intradural Calcified Meningiomas Surgery in Limited Resources Context


The 2021 International Conference on Musical Form, originally planned to take place in Newcastle in 2020 but eventually held online a year later, presented a rich array of topics related primarily to smallto large-scale aspects of musical forms and structures. The conference, supported by the Society for Music Analysis Formal Theory Study Group, included ten sessions, two keynote talks, a poster session and a roundtable. The historical range of works under consideration was likewise amply varied, with talks and sessions dedicated to the music of leading nineteenth-century figures such as Liszt, Wagner and Bruckner and their cultural milieu, to the music of fin-de-siècle Vienna, to post-1900 music by Elgar and Debussy, and to a few later twentieth-century composers. Some of the talks, and especially the posters, went beyond the typical purview of formal analysis to consider other repertories, such as pop music, R&B, Brazilian music and more. This variety notwithstanding, many of the papers presented at the conference were directed at the music of the so-called 'long eighteenth century'. Readers of this journal would have presumably found special interest in talks related to this latter group, most of which were included in the sessions 'Classical Form', 'History of Formenlehre' and 'Beethoven and the Romantic Generation', discussed below. In her paper 'Do Musical Forms Migrate? – Aspects of the Popularization and Distribution of the Small Rounded Two/Three-Part Form in Europe of the 18th Century' – which is a part of a larger corpus study dedicated to Viennese music – Beate Kutschke (Universität Salzburg) offered a possible musical link between the cultural centres of London and Vienna. Specifically, Kutschke argued that SRTTF (small rounded two/three-part forms), which were immensely popular in collections of folksong, popular song, dance and ballad opera published in 1710s–1760s London (especially those featuring numbers from The Beggar's Opera), later inspired similar formal conventions in instrumental works of the so-called Viennese classical style. In 'Reinforcing Weak Expositional Midpoints Using Extra-Formal Insertions' Rebecca Long (University of Louisville) examined two peculiar slow movements from Luigi Boccherini's early string quartets Op. 2 (published in 1767), found in the quartets G163 and G159. In both, the separation between the primary theme and the transition is obscured. The prevalence of similar expositional procedures in Boccherini's later works is worth further examination. In his eloquent paper 'The Sonata-Fugue Hybrid in Haydn's Early Symphonies' Carl Burdick (University of Cincinnati College-Conservatory of Music) put forward a fresh reading of Haydn's use of fugal strategies in his early symphonies, focusing on No. 3 (c1760–1762) and No. 40 (1763). As Burdick convincingly demonstrated, in his 'sonata-fugue hybrid' Haydn fuses principles of fugal continuity with rotational patterns, which not only went hand in hand with his penchant for monothematicism but also contributed to his experiments with continuous expositions and altered recapitulations. The short title of the paper given by Matthew Arndt (University of Iowa), 'Was ist Satz?', stood in stark contrast to its ambitious scale. Arndt re-examined the elusive meanings of the term 'Satz', and, drawing on linguistic and grammatical definitions, as well as on Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's


AIM OF THE STUDY:
1. To evaluate patients presenting with a breast lump and to evaluate them with clinical examination ,cytology and with MRI and interpret its findings- with regards to involvement of the opposite breast and axilla and level of infiltration and the sensitivity of the modality itself.
2. To establish that MRI breast can be made as a routine investigating modality in the management of breast cancer by comparing it with mammogram.
3. To use MRI in detecting local site recurrences in patients with post MRM status presenting with pain /ulcers/nodules.
4. In this sample size of patients ,the p value did not turn out significant (0.94143) and hence the comparison was not statistically significant. However, recent studies conducted in a larger population have shown that MRI has a better tumour predictability by terms of sensitivity when compared to a mammogram.hence MRI scanning of the breast can be included in both screening and diagnosis for breast
cancer in institutions where available, as it has various advantages over a mammogram like less radiation exposure, use in younger age group, ability to add on level of infiltration and involvement of opposite breast and axilla. this one modality can guide the surgeon in deciding the treatment option in patients presenting afresh and post surgical patients.


and continues to vary with the strength of the ionospheric perturbation once when the S4 index has saturated. In this paper we characterize the temporal decorrelation of the GPS satellite signals using 20 Hz observations collected at Ascension Island (7.96oS, 14.41oW, dip latitude 12.4oS) on 5-19 March 2002, during solar maximum conditions. We explore the relationships between the ionospheric scintillation parameters, loss of lock, and signal reacquisition time and provide empirical fits to the probability of losing lock for use in modeling and simulation studies. Our results suggest that rate of signal fluctuation, in addition to the depth of signal fading, should be considered when modeling GPS receiver performance in the presence of scintillation. We observed that the probability of loss of lock and likelihood of extended signal reacquisition times depend on the velocity of satellite motion with respect to the magnetic field and plasma drift, which are relatively predictable a priori in the equatorial region.


Credit ratings agencies play an important role in the world-wide capital markets and, willingly or not, influence rather significantly the destinies of private and public financial players and their issues. Credit rating agencies invoke reputation as their most valuable asset and as guarantee for their independence and honesty in the intermediation of financial information. Yet the accuracy and honesty of credit ratings have been, nonetheless, questioned at numerous times, and the lack thereof was pointed as one of the causes of recent crises affecting the global financial system. Using legal and economic analysis, this article demonstrates how reputation works in the credit rating business to encourage rating accuracy and how governmental actions – mainly by the massive use of ratings in laws and regulations – were responsible for rendering the reputational mechanism ineffective. Considering the factors which influence the trade-off faced by rating agencies, the movements towards regulation and oversight of these entities in the U.S. and in the EU are comparatively analyzed. The paper concludes that restoring the strength of the reputation mechanism, notably by eliminating regulatory reliance on ratings and rating safe-harbors, is the only effective measure to ensure rating accuracy – as well as the only measure really consistent with the public goals of increasing competition in the informational business, fostering innovation and better risk management by investors, improving accountability in capital markets and ensuring that investors are encouraged to rely on ratings only when ratings are deemed reliable. It then argues that, even though regulation and oversight of rating agencies might have been unavoidable at this point in time, deregulation of the rating business, once regulatory reliance is eliminated, is also indispensable to secure the aforementioned goals.


Abstract In light of the droughts and subsequent food crises that have plagued the Ethiopia–Sudan region in the course of its history, and especially during the last 3 decades, the author examines both the interannual and intraseasonal variabilities of the July–September rains and compares them to the Indian summer monsoon. Regional rainfall indexes for the region stretching from Eritrea to Lake Victoria are computed using seasonal totals for the period 1901–88. Daily data for 1982–88 are also considered. Though all these regions are only partly affected by the Indian monsoon cross-equatorial flow and although they are separated from India by an extensive dry belt (Red Sea, Somalia, west Arabian Sea), there exists a close association between summer rainfall variations in India and in the western parts of East Africa. An even stronger relationship is revealed between these latter regions and Bombay surface pressure, with as much as 79% of the variance in common during 1953–88. This relationship has been vi...


Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) has been increasingly employed as a therapeutic modality to maintain sinus rhythm. However, the procedure is potentially associated with major complications and its long-term efficacy is relatively poor. Thus, the quest for additional non-pharmacological, non-ablative therapies for the management of patients with AF continues. Present methodology for catheter ablation of AF includes pulmonary vein isolation by applying radiofrequency current around the pulmonary vein ostia, in order to prevent the ectopic activity arising from the pulmonary veins from reaching the atria and thereby inducing AF. However, this approach failed to answer the fundamental question of how the generally short episodes of focal firing in the pulmonary veins are converted into AF. Experimental work has provided many lines of evidence linking the intrinsic cardiac autonomic nervous system with focal firing from the pulmonary veins via activation of the ganglionated plexi (GP) adjacent to these veins. Autonomic denervation is common following pulmonary vein isolation and has been associated with decreased risk of AF recurrence. Recent clinical studies where GP ablation was performed either in addition to the standard procedure of pulmonary vein isolation, or as a stand-alone procedure support these experimental data. These intriguing new concepts and data linking the autonomic nervous system to AF will herein be briefly reviewed.


Effective collaboration between special education teachers (SETs) and general educator teachers (GETs) is critical to better serve diverse students in the general education classroom. However, multiple areas of needs reported by early career SETs indicate that achieving the goal of effective collaboration is challenging. With a better understanding of the early experiences of SETs and their specific needs, GETs would be more suited to support early career SETs and increase effective partnerships across diverse educational settings. This article identified the needs of beginning SETs and discussed the directions of educator preparation programs in response of the reported needs.


The present invention relates to a method for producing cyanoacrylic acid esters. The method is based substantially on a transesterification reaction, wherein the transesterification reaction is performed in the presence of at least one transition metal catalyst that is formed by reacting at least one hydroxyl group-containing support material with at least one transition metal alkoxide.


OBJECTIVE
The authors had for aim to study the coincidence of RSV and rotavirus epidemic peaks in pediatric patients hospitalized in the Paris area.

METHODOLOGY
A retrospective hospital-based monocentric cohort study was made over a 12-year period (1993-2004). Clinical and laboratory findings were prospectively collected on admission.

RESULTS
Three thousand and four hundred ninety-six stool samples were positive for rotavirus; 3,507 nasopharyngeal aspirates were positive for RSV. The coincidence of epidemic peaks for both viruses in November, December, and January was observed during the 12 years of the study.

CONCLUSION
The exact coincidence of winter outbreaks of RSV and rotavirus is a characteristic of the Paris area. It contributes to increase overcrowding in pediatric units and nosocomial infections.


The paper treated a cone with a cylindrical helix as a directrix and the
 vertex on it. Characteristic elements of a surface formed in such way and the
 basis are identified, and characteristic flat intersections of planes are
 classified. Also considered is the potential of practical application of such
 cone in architecture and design.


Using thermodynamic models is a desired method for predicting an equilibrium when occurring in a system. If a thermodynamic model can predict an equilibrium condition in a pyrolysis, for a new way will be open for scientists in predicting equilibrium in a reaction without need to kinetic models. In this work, low-density polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyethylene terephthalate were used instead of feed of pyrolysis process. The process was maintained at 500°C with 5 different temperature raising ratios 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14. Then the process was modeled thermodynamically using NRTL activity coefficient model. Using this model, the binary interaction coefficients were investigated for the system of "char, oil, and gas." Results showed that polyethylene and polypropylene produced the maximum liquid product. Calculated RMSD objective function was 0.0157; that it is acceptable for this process.


This Research Grant provides support for development of nanotechnology for x-ray astronomy instrumentation. MIT has made significant progress in several development areas. In the last year we have made considerable progress in demonstrating the high-fidelity patterning and replication of x-ray reflection gratings. We developed a process for fabricating blazed gratings in silicon with extremely smooth and sharp sawtooth profiles, and developed a nanoimprint process for replication. We also developed sophisticated new fixturing for holding thin optics during metrology without causing distortion. We developed a new image processing algorithm for our Shack-Hartmann tool that uses Zernike polynomials. This has resulted in much more accurate and repeatable measurements on thin optics.


The Diabetes Educational and Training Unit (DETU) at Karolinska Hospital is a permanent, continuing medical education unit working with general practitioners and nurse teams from Stockholm's neigh borhood health centers. It offers a two-week educational program four times a year, teaching a comprehensive approach to diabetes care. Evaluation research found that centers that had implemented the approach taught at the CME course had excellent staff rapport and produced patients who were more knowledgeable about their disease and better able to engage in self-care. As a result of this research, the Stockholm DETU has added innovative field- interactive strategies to stimulate centers that have not implemented the program. These strategies include techniques to enhance staff rapport, increase knowledge and interest in care for people with diabetes, and arrive at staff- determined approaches for organizing diabetes care. Initial evaluation of these strategies indicate encouraging results.


To compare cortical gray matter oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) estimated from 2 MRI methods: (1) the quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) plus quantitative blood oxygen level dependent imaging (qBOLD) (QSM+qBOLD or QQ), and (2) the dual‐gas calibrated‐BOLD (DGCB) in healthy subjects; and to investigate the validity of iso‐cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption assumption during hypercapnia using QQ.


lmpro Exchange brought together practicing artists primarily from NSW but also from other states in Australia to articulate questions and as physically expressed and evoked through improvisation. It was curated by two of Australia's most senior and respected performing artists in the contemporary dance/performance scene- Tess De Quincey and Martin Del Amo. Dialogue across the different backgrounds was both challenging and stimulating. For example, dancers came from Japanese, Pacific Islander, Aboriginal, German and Anglo-Saxon Australian cultural backgrounds. These dancers also spoke/danced from their respective cultural understandings about dance and from the ways of moving these cultures embody. The dancers also ranged across different generations thus requiring negotiation as to what dance means at different ages and how dialogue can be achieved with such different physical capacities. Made possible by the flexibility of improvisation as a medium, the dialogue was important in a sector where dancing careers usually end when dancers reach their early thirties. Equally important, and with such a large group of dancers, was the 'working through' of performance problems about how improvisation can be improvised and composed with such a multiplicity of voices, backgrounds, styles and practices. These negotiations were presented in a one-hour public performance.


At present, in our country, the traditional manual feeding method is used to collect corn grains, and then the thresher is used to thresh the corn grains. This way affects the life of thresher and the degree of corn threshing, and also causes serious damage to corn grains. It takes time and effort to thresh corn by traditional threshing method, but it can not guarantee that corn can survive breeding under the strong strike. The results need to be tested. Therefore, the automatic screw extrusion corn thresher is designed and designed based on STM32 sensor to realize feeding automation, This paper studies the research direction of the automatic screw extrusion and kneading corn thresher, and the STM32 controller system to realize the automatic feeding of the corn thresher. Then, The objective and controllable factors affecting the work of the automatic screw extrusion and thresher are studied. The calculation of the automatic screw extrusion and kneading corn threshing machine is also studied the simulation algorithm of time step of the machine can understand the productivity of corn drum falling. At the same time, the paper analyzes the net and crushing rate of corn by simulating the traditional thresher and the automatic screw extrusion corn thresher. The results show that the rate of the threshing of the automatic corn thresher (ACT) is 94.37 under the threshing condition of 200kg corn of the same group, while the net removal rate of the traditional corn thresher is only 88.42. In terms of crushing rate, the ACT is only 1.82, and the traditional corn thresher is 4.11.


Detected the tap water of Agriculture College and Yanji City,Mati Hill and Mao'r Mountain spring water for the microbiol testing.The results showed that the total colony number in Yanji tap water tallying 《drinking water health standards》,but the other three water samples did not tallying this standard.There are coliforms in the Mati Hill and Mao'r Mountain spring,did not tallying the criteria.Four water samples were not detected the thermotolerant coliform bacteria and tallying the standards.pH values of the four samples were all between 6.5 to 8.5,the total hardness samples were all no more than 450 mg/L.


[Purpose] To observe the influence of Rac1shRNA on invasive ability of ovarian cancer cell Skov3. [Methods]Rac1shRNA vector pGPU6/GFP/Rac1-524 mediated by liposome Lipofectamine TM 2000 was transfected to human ovarian cancer cell lines Skov3. Migration and invasion ability of transfected cell were detected by Transwell invasion test,and ultrastructural changes of Skov3 cells were observed by scanning electron microscopy.[Results]In pGPU6/GFP/Rac1-524 transfection group,the shortest migration distance of transfected cell,lamellipodia disappeared,invasive ability of transfected cell declined were found,those were significanty different between pGPU6/GFP/NC transfection group and the untransfection group. [Conclusion]Rac1shRNA vector pGPU6/GFP/Rac1-524 might effectively inhibit the migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cell Skov3 by making the cell pseudopod disappeared.


From the characterization of the practical production of objects according to the economy of symbolic exchanges, this paper aims to present three ways to configure the value of the historical sense of the past in design products. The focus is especially on the social representation of time, in particular in the field of clothing design. Through the definition of "design-history", the senses of collection, tradition and narrative are explored in order to understand how these concepts can be understood in our society today, as well as applied in the research about design.


Chronic infection with the hepatitis C virus is common. In the past, therapy involved a combination of thrice-weekly interferon (IFN) injections combined with oral ribavirin. This therapy was expensive, poorly tolerated and poorly effective, only curing ∼ 40% of treated patients. Long-acting IFNs have recently been developed by linking IFN to polyethylene glycol and these 'pegylated' IFNs are now the standard of care for patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Two pegylated (PEG) IFNs are available; 40 kDa PEG-IFNα2a (Pegasys®, Hoffman-La Roche) and the 12 kDa PEG-IFN-α2b (Peg-Intron®, Schering-Plough). They have different physicochemical, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. The 40 kDa PEG-IFN-α2a is dispensed as a solution and used at a fixed dose whereas the 12 kDa PEG-IFN-α2b is a dry powder, which is reconstituted prior to administration, and the dose is dependent upon body weight. Both PEG-IFNs are given by a once-weekly injection and as monotherapy, they are more effective than standard IFN-α. The 40 kDa PEGIFN-α2a cures 36 – 39% of patients and the 12 kDa pegylated-IFN-α2b cures 23 – 25%. When combined with ribavirin, the two PEG-IFNs have acceptable safety profiles and cure > 50% of treated patients (56 and 54% for the 40 kDa PEG-IFN-α2a and 12 kDa PEG-IFN-α2b, respectively). For the 40 kDa PEG-IFN-α2a it is possible to predict the outcome of therapy after 12 weeks of treatment. The new PEG-IFNs are a significant advance in the therapy of CHC infection. Their ease of administration, coupled with their improved efficacy, is likely to lead to an increase in the proportion of infected patients who wish to receive treatment.


Background Discrepancy between results of leukocyte and thrombocyte count by computerized and manual examination may exist Objective To determine the discrepancy between computerized and manual leukocyte and thrombocyte count. Methods The design was a randomized sampling cross sectional study. The blood sample was examined with computerized Cell Dyn 1400 instrument for the leukocyte and thrombocyte count. For manual examination, blood smear was performed to measure thrombocyte while leukocyte was measured in Improved Neubauer hemocytometer. The results of computerized examination were used as gold standard. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values of manual count were calculated. The agreement of Kappa and Mc Nemar test were determined Results Blood specimens drawn from 100 patients with different kinds of diagnoses were examined using computerized and manual methods. In computerized group, 66% had normal leukocyte and 55% had normal thrombocyte count. In the manual group, 78% of subjects had normal leukocyte and 82% had normal thrombocyte count. From leukocyte examination, the sensitivity of manual count was 87.9%, specificity was 41.2%, and positive predictive value was 74.36 with the agreement of Kappa of 0.32 and Mc Nemar value of 0.036. From thrombocyte examination, the sensitivity was 96.4%, specificity was 35.6%, and positive predictive value was 64.6 with the agreement of Kappa of 0.41 and Mc Nemar value of 0.41. Conclusion The result of manual thrombocyte count was in accordance with computerized with the agreement of Kappa of 0.41. On the other hand, there was a discrepancy between manual in favor of computerized leukocyte count with the agreement of Kappa of 0.32 [Paediatr Indones 2003;43:95-98].


For conventional authentication protocols, distribution of session keys and maintenance of large databases are serious problems especially for large-scale wireless networks. ID-based authentication protocol eliminates the problem while it contributes the heavy computation load. We propose a hybrid end-to-end authentication and key agreement (AKA) protocol which provides authentication and key exchange between both end entities. It not only eliminates the drawbacks of conventional protocols but also reduces the computation load. Services of message confidentiality, caller ID confidentiality, service request intractability, and fraud control are provided. Roaming and handover, are also taken into consideration here.


In recent years,lithium-ion electric vehicle battery has been more and more widely used,as a key equipment of Li-ion battery production,battery testing system has become a new research hotspot.Summarizes the research state of testing system of Li-Ion electric vehicle battery.Applications of new technologies and new crafts including system architectures,hardware and software design are generalized.And the researches of balanced circuit,fuzzy PID control and intelligence expert system applied in charge/discharge control technology are introduced.Furthermore,the development trends of battery testing system are discussed.


The rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which was declared a pandemic by the WHO in March 2020, has forced the scientific community to develop rapid detection tests in order to detect positive cases and implement the containment measures established in each country. In this regard, the techniques used (RTPCR, antibody test, etc.) have a number of drawbacks: require specialized personnel, in addition to, in some cases, obtaining results after 24 hours. Agglutination tests, widely used in the detection of viral particles, represent a simple, inexpensive and scalable method that would allow screening studies to be carried out in large populations. In this paper, we present a SARS-CoV-2 detection test based on this methodology, which could be considered as a complementary method to the techniques used for the detection of SARSCoV-2.


Sun Zhongshan,the forerunner of Chinese Democratic Revolution,experienced two periods of Democratic Revolution.During the Old Democratic Period,Sun Zhongshan didn't put forward the opposing imperialism slogan,though he had realized the invasion of imperialism.While Sun Zhongshan put forward the slogan in the new Democratic Revolution Period.As for this change,in the author's opinion,it cannot be treated by class analysis simply.The thesis analyzes the problem from the following three points: the things which history affect Sun Zhongshan,the shift of revolutionary base,the change of asking West for help and so on.


In the framework of the GSI beam intensity upgrade program for the heavy ion synchrotron (SIS) the UNILAC was upgraded to deliver intense heavy ion beams up to uranium under space charge conditions. The SIS has to be filled up to its space charge limit. Measurements and simulations on the transverse beam emittance growth during acceleration in the Alvarez section of the UNILAC were performed. Transverse beam emittances were measured before and after the Alvarez section using a pepper pot and the slit-grid method. Results of measurements on the decrease of the beam brilliance of an intense Ar 10+ beam (10 emA) during acceleration are presented. The space charge forces correspond to an U 28+ beam with an intensity of 21 emA (design current 12.6 emA). Simulations on the dynamics of an high intense beam during acceleration were done using the code PARMILA. The experimental and theoretical results are discussed.


Ecosystem health assessment could know the health status of regional ecosystem,discern the ecological environment problem,offer basis for making the scientific ecological protection countermeasure,and have important guidance functions in improving the level of managing sustainable and environmental management.The paper establishes the ecosystem health evaluation index system and setes up the ecosystem health assessment models through pressure-state-respond(P-S-R) conceptual model,apply RS and GIS technology and statistics analytic approach,form the procedure,systematized ecosystem healthy assessment technological method system,take Gaoping city as an example,apply quantitative methods on ecosystem system to health evaluation and classification.Study on the pressure,state,response evaluation of results and the analysis of health,combined with the ecosystem health Gaoping state natural conditions and human activities,explore factors affecting the regional health for Gaoping rational use of resources and protection to provide a scientific basis.The results show that the technology of ecosystem health assessment is feasible.


Contractualism is a theory of moral philosophy that posits that an act is morally permissible if all the parties relevantly affected by the act could reasonably agree to it. We take this theory of moral philosophy as an inspiration for a theory of moral cognition. In this paper, we present evidence that subjects have contractualist intuitions and use explicit contractualist reasoning. These data are poorly accounted for by current theories of moral cognition which rely mostly on the use of rules or calculations of consequences. We sketch out a rational model that captures these phenomena by predicting subjects moral judgments as a function of their representation of the interests of agents who are engaged in a mentally simulated bargaining process. We conclude by discussing how a computational cognitive science of contractualism fits into a utility-based unified theory of moral cognition, which integrates elements of rulebased, consequence-based and contract-based cognitive mechanisms.


Abstract Introduction Early recognition of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) can increase the patient's likelihood of survival. As the first point of contact for patients accessing medical care through emergency services, emergency medical dispatchers (EMDs) represent the earliest potential identification point for AMIs. The objective of the study was to determine how AMI cases were coded and prioritized at the dispatch point, and also to describe the distribution of these cases by patient age and gender. Hypothesis/Problem No studies currently exist that describe the EMD's ability to correctly triage AMIs into Advanced Life Support (ALS) response tiers. Methods The retrospective descriptive study utilized data from three sources: emergency medical dispatch, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), and emergency departments (EDs)/hospitals. The primary outcome measure was the distributions of AMI cases, as categorized by Chief Complaint Protocol, dispatch priority code and level, and patient age and gender. The EMS and ED/hospital data came from the Utah Department of Health (UDoH), Salt Lake City, Utah. Dispatch data came from two emergency communication centers covering the entirety of Salt Lake City and Salt Lake County, Utah. Results Overall, 89.9% of all the AMIs (n=606) were coded in one of the three highest dispatch priority levels, all of which call for ALS response (called CHARLIE, DELTA, and ECHO in the studied system). The percentage of AMIs significantly increased for patients aged 35 years and older, and varied significantly by gender, dispatch level, and chief complaint. A total of 85.7% of all deaths occurred among patients aged 55 years and older, and 88.9% of the deaths were handled in the ALS-recommended priority levels. Conclusion Acute myocardial infarctions may present as a variety of clinical symptoms, and the study findings demonstrated that more than one-half were identified as having chief complaints of Chest Pain or Breathing Problems at the dispatch point, followed by Sick Person and Unconscious/Fainting. The 35-year age cutoff for assignment to higher priority levels is strongly supported. The Falls and Sick Person Protocols offer opportunities to capture atypical AMI presentations. ClawsonJJ, GardettI, ScottG, FivazC, BarronT, BroadbentM, OlolaC. Hospital-confirmed acute myocardial infarction: prehospital identification using the Medical Priority Dispatch System. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(1):29–35.


The purpose of this study is to discuss the concept of "verse" and "poetic rhythm". With this investigation, we try to understand the idea of "free verse", one of the main characteristics of the XIX's production of Portuguese poetic work. For this, we introduce considerations about the first two concepts, specially about these etymological origins, with the purpose to figure how "free verse" deals with the traditional idea of rhythm in poetry, which is no longer submitted to the versification's theories.


This supplementary material contains proof to all the theoretical results. It is organized as follows: In Section B, we analyze how to work with Modulo and quantization, as proofs to Lemma 1 and Lemma 2 in the paper. In Section C, we provably explain why using shared randomness in communication with stochastic rounding can improve performance. In Section D, we illustrate why directly quantizing communication in D-PSGD fails to converge asymptotically, as a proof to Theorem 1. In Section E, we introduce some useful tools of modeling communication as a Markov Chain for the rest of the proof (part of the intuition is illustrated in the paper). We recommend to go through this before getting into Section F to H. Finally we will provide proof to Theorem 2 to 5 from Section F to H.


Background: Aquatic environments close to cities are frequently used as sources for water and at the same time overloaded with a variety of pollutants either through direct or indirect discharges of untreated wastes and sewage. This condition is also worsened by the indiscriminate disposal of untreated wastes and sewage vigorously into used water. Sewage contaminated waters are known to carry microorganisms, some of which are pathogenic to humans. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the extent of temporal and spatial levels of microbial pollution and sources of pollution in Lake Hawassa. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Lake Hawassa, which was sampled twice during 2017. A total of 26 samples of lake water were collected from 14 stations using a boat. Entry points of incoming streams, waste receiving sites, and areas upstream of anthropogenic impact, recreational and bathing sites were considered. Microbiological characterisation was performed using selective media and basic biochemical tests. Antibiotic sensitivity was tested with different antibiotics using the Kirby-Bauer agar disk diffusion method. Result: All samples were positive for pathogenic bacteria, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Enterobacteriaceae were the most common bacteria identified from the samples, including Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp, Shigella spp, Proteus spp and Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus. The predominant bacteria found in the samples include E. coli, which constituted 22/26 (84.6%) of the total samples, followed by Salmonella and Shigella spp. All bacterial isolates were resistant to penicillin and ampicillin. The Salmonella spp were sensitive only to norfloxacin and gentamicin. Conclusion: A spatial variation with the occurrence of bacterial isolates has been observed. High concentrations and many different species were found in areas of human activities and in areas receiving direct pollutants from the city. This study revealed that multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogenic bacteria are found in Lake Hawassa. There is a possibility of outbreak of diseases associated with the isolated antibiotic-resistant pathogens for which the antibiotic resistance genes are transportable within aquatic bacterial communities. We recommend that the city administration take care of the municipal wastewater or effluents from healthcare facilities that enter the lake. It is also recommended that the government take steps to control anthropogenic activities near the water body.


This article considers whether a collective defined contribution pension scheme (a "CDC scheme") provides "cover against biometric risk" or "guarantees … a given level of benefits" for the purposes of Article 13(2) of EU Directive 2016/2341 (the "IORP II Directive") or its predecessor, IORP I Directive (2003/41/EC), Article 15(2). If no such cover and no such guarantee are provided, then a CDC scheme is not required to comply with the technical provisions, buffer and other funding requirements applicable to an IORP which is classified as a "regulatory own fund" in Article 15 of the IORP II Directive.


Background: The treatment of children and adolescents with disabilities (CA-Dis) and psycho-emotional disorders (CA-Psy) places special demands on dentists. Aim: To explore German dentists' (with key expertise in paediatric dentistry) perception of their competence and comfort levels in dealing with these patients, and implications for access to care. Methods: Online questionnaire surveying demographic information and self-assessment of training, knowledge, and comfort in dealing with CA-Dis and CA-Psy among 1725 members of the German Society of Paediatric Dentistry (DGKiZ). Results: Ninety-two participants (11 male, 81 female) completed the questionnaire: 17.4% (n = 16) treated CA-Dis once or more a day; CA-Psy were rarely treated on a daily basis (7.6%; n = 7). In regard to CA-Dis, 62% (n = 57) rated their level of expertise as "good" or "very good"; for CA-Psy this was 40.2% (n = 37). Overall, 76.1% (n = 70), respectively, 88.0% (n = 81) of the respondents felt they had been inadequately prepared to treat CA-Dis or CA-Psy. Although the physical burden of treating CA-Psy was rated as "not at all stressful" or only "slightly stressful" by 45.7% of the participants, 31.5% rated the psychological distress as "very stressful" or "extremely stressful". The better their self-assessed expertise in treating CA-Dis was, the lower their own psychological distress was rated (r = −0.34). Training on this topic seems to have an impact on the perceived burden of treating such patients. Conclusions: A core curriculum in special care dentistry needs to be embedded in the German dental curriculum. The results permit the development of health programs for workplace health management in dentistry.


Real-world scene perception involves sensory and cognitive processing of visual input that in some important sense is like that typically encountered during the natural course of everyday human activity. Unlike objects, which are viewed from a vantage point outside of themselves, scenes are specific views of the environment within which the viewer is embedded. Described in this way, realworld scene perception differs from perception of the visual stimuli that are often used in psychophysical and visual cognition experiments. For example, real-world scenes fill the entire visual field and produce specific wavelength, intensity, and spatial frequency profiles that are constrained by properties of the world itself. These regularities in image statistics arise in part because realworld scenes are composed of objects and backgrounds that have specific semantic and spatial constraints that in turn give rise to the semantics of the scene as a whole. Scene can be defined as a semantically coherent (and often nameable) human-scaled view of a real-world environment comprising background elements and multiple discrete objects arranged in a spatially licensed manner (Henderson & Ferreira, 2004; Henderson & Hollingworth, 1999). Background elements are larger scale, immovable surfaces and structures, and objects are smaller scale discrete entities that move or can be moved within the scene. Realworld scenes have a hierarchical spatial structure. For example, a kitchen viewed from the vantage point of the doorway would likely include floor, ceiling, and walls as background elements, and a stove, refrigerator, and dishwasher as a few prominent objects among others, spatially arranged according to the laws of physics and the constraints associated with the functions of a kitchen. But, from the vantage point of standing in front of the counter, the countertop might be considered a scene, with its surface forming most of the background and a loaf of bread, knife, peanut butter jar, and plate serving as individuated objects, themselves spatially arranged according to the same physical laws and the semantics of sandwich preparation. One way to bound the


Proteolytic activation of the HIV‐1 envelope glycoprotein gp160 is selectively performed by the proprotein convertase furin at the C‐terminus of the sequence R508–E–K–R511 (site 1), in spite of the presence of another consensus sequence, Lys500–Ala–Lys–Arg503 (site 2). On the basis of the solution structural analysis of the synthetic peptide p498, spanning the gp160 sequence Pro498–Gly516, we previously suggested a possible role of an N‐terminal helix in regulating the exposure and accessibility of the gp160 physiological cleavage site, enclosed in a loop. Here we report on the activity and conformation of the 23‐residue peptide h‐REKR, designed to exhibit a large N‐terminal helix, followed by the gp160 native sequence, Arg508–Gly516. h‐REKR is digested by furin with high efficiency, comparable to the full native p498. Circular dichroism analyses, in mixtures from pure water to 98 % trifluoroethanol, outline a significant content of helical structure in the peptide conformation. The molecular model obtained from NMR data collected in trifluoroethanol/water, by means of DYANA and AMBER simulations, indeed has helical structure on a large N‐terminal segment. Such a long helix does not seem to affect the loop conformation of the C‐terminal site 1‐containing sequence, which exhibits the same proton chemical shifts already observed for the full native p498.


The use of distributed virtual geographic environments (DVGE) is one of the most promising uses of virtual reality in geographic field. Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) is flexible and adaptive enough to resolve highly complex distributed computing problems. This paper aims to discuss how to apply MAS technology to improve the efficiency of collaborative work among multi-user. We firstly design the three-layer system architecture and multi agent system of the DVGE. Then dynamic cooperative group algorithm is also addressed. Finally, we built a collaborative virtual environment and implemented prototype system in silt dams system planning on a case study area, Jiu-Yuan-Gou watershed of Loess Plateau, China. Experiment results prove that the scheme addressed in this paper is efficient and feasible.


Burns are one of the most difficult types of injury for which to care, and about 5–20 percent of combat-related casualties during Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom included severe burns. Blast-related burn injuries are associated with infection, disability, and mortality. To identify areas that are understudied, RAND researchers conducted a literature review and synthesis of the evidence surrounding blast-related burn injury.


This paper analyses the present situation of property management and finds the way to develop the property management by investigating the property management market of Hengyang city.


This thesis represents an advance towards the goal of self-tuning supervised data mining as well as a significant innovation in scalable bilevel programming algorithms. Novel nonsmooth bilevel programming methods for training linear learning models with hyperparameters optimized via T-fold cross-validation (CV) are considered. Determining the optimal values of these hyperparameters is the goal of model selection. Three algorithms are developed and tested against previous algorithms: ImpGrad, ImpBundle and PBP. Also a new generalized version of e-insensitive regression is developed. This new modeling task, called multiSVR, allows use of data sets with varying levels of quality. Two data sets are used to test this new 10-hyperparameter model.
Current model selection practice constructs models over a predefined grid of hyperparameter combinations and selects the best one, an inefficient heuristic algorithm. The proposed methods formulate the model selection CV problem as a bilevel problem. A bilevel problem is an optimization problem with constraints that are also an optimization program. The overall objective is referred to as the outer-level objective, and the inner optimization constraints are referred to as the inner-level problem. The bilevel framework simultaneously solves for the model hyperparameters (outer-level) and training weights (inner-level). The new methods address hyperparameter selection for linear support vector machines (SVM) and related machine learning problems.
The proposed approaches are the first to address the hyperparameter selection of SVM models expressed as unconstrained (potentially nonsmooth) optimization problems. Applying nonsmooth mathematical programming methods to nonsmooth linear SVM models has produced the fastest training algorithms to date. The bilevel programming approaches to hyperparameter optimization can produce two types of algorithms: explicit and implicit. Explicit algorithms simultaneously optimize the model weights and hyperparameters by replacing the inner-level problems by their optimality conditions. The proposed explicit algorithm PBP utilizes the optimality conditions in nonsmooth form, contrasting with prior less scalable approaches that formulate the problem as a mathematical program with equilibrium constraints (MPEC). Implicit algorithms optimize only the hyperparameters by treating the model weights as implicit functions of the hyperparameters. The implicit algorithms work in a low dimensional space at the expense of having a very challenging nonsmooth nonconvex objective function. The proposed implicit algorithms work with the primal unconstrained SVM problem in contrast with prior implicit methods that use the smooth dual SVM problem.
The first proposed explicit approach, a penalized bilevel program (PBP) algorithm, treats the lower-level problems as unconstrained optimization problems that are replaced with their optimality conditions. The key innovation is that the innerlevel problem can be replaced with a nonsmooth nonlinear constraints without introducing extra variables or constraints. Previous methods only used the smoothed primal or dual formulations which results in nonlinear optimality conditions that grow exponentially in the sample size. A novel bilevel programming algorithm to solve this class of problems is developed by penalizing the nonsmooth optimality condition and then solving the resulting problem with an approximation algorithm. Convergence analysis of the algorithm shows PBP converges to a solution satisfying the necessary optimality conditions of the penalized bilevel program.
The ImpGrad and ImpBundle algorithms are implicit gradient-based approaches. Similar to PBP, these algorithms treat the lower-level problems as unconstrained optimization problems, unlike the previous implicit methods which use the dual training formulation. This yields a linear optimality condition from which the gradient of the training problem can be computed. Similar to the previous implicit gradient-based algorithm, ImpGrad assumes that the bilevel program is locally smooth, and selects an arbitrary subgradient. ImpBundle expands on ImpGrad by not assuming smoothness. This improved algorithm uses directional derivatives in the search direction of interest to ensure that the subgradient chosen is not only valid, but also informative. This prevents searching in assent directions.
A new outer algorithm is developed to solve the ImpBundle algorithm. Rather than use the Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) method of ImpGrad and previous implicit gradient-based approaches, this method uses a novel nonsmooth nonconvex bundle method that allows for bounds constraints. This algorithm explicitly deals with the nonsmoothness and nonconvexity of the model selection problem.
Computational results compare PBP, ImpGrad and ImpBundle against previous bilevel algorithms. Results on cheminformatics problems are presented for the traditional e-insensitive regression problem and a new multiSVR model with 10 hyperparameters. Model selection of the later problem is beyond the ability of most algorithms to solve efficiently. In fact a thorough grid search on this problem would require roughly 250 million training problems to be solved. The proposed implicit and algorithms are shown to scale well in the sample size and number of hyperparameters. Experimental results show than the proposed algorithms outperform grid search and prior smooth bilevel CV methods in terms of modeling performance and computational time. PBP produces the best overall generalization results but with larger computational times that the implicit algorithms. This increased speed permits modeling with an increased number of hyperparameters on massive datasets. The implicit algorithms are faster and applicable to a larger class of problems than PBP. But ImpBundle and particularly ImpGrad yielded slightly less robust generalization results on a few problems.


It is proposed to use longitudinal electrostatic undulator as transit section in an active Free Electron Laser of klystron type for multiharmonic space change waves (SCW) amplification. The quadratic nonlinear theory of such section has been constructed. It was found that the effect of plural three-wave parametric resonances is realized in the investigated system. The SCW harmonics growth increment were obtained and analyzed. It was found that the increment has the same value for the first as well as the higher SCW harmonics. It is shown that the considered system is promising as an efficient multi-harmonic SCW amplifier for the waves with complex spectrum.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of gamma-rays on murexide (Mx) dye and its possible use as radiation dosimeters in two different dosimetry systems. The first system depends on the Mx dye as a liquid dosimeter. The second dosimetry system depends also on the same dye but as in a gel form, which is more sensitive to gamma-rays.

Design/methodology/approach
The prepared Mx (solutions/gels) have a considerable two peaks at 324 and 521 nm that upon irradiation, the intensity of these peaks decreases with the increasing radiation dose.

Findings
The gamma-ray absorbed dose for these dosimeters was found to be up to 2 kGy for the solution samples and 40 Gy for the gels. Radiation chemical yield, dose response function, radiation sensitivity and before and after-irradiation stability under various conditions were discussed and studied.

Practical implications
It is expected that the radiolysis of the Mx dye can be used as radiation dosimeters in two different dosimetry systems; liquid and gel dosimeters. This can be applied in a wide range of gamma radiation practical industrial applications in water treatment, food irradiation dosimeters, radiotherapy and fresh food irradiation and seed production.

Originality/value
Both of the prepared Mx dyes, either as solutions or gel samples, can be facilely prepared from commercially, cheap, safe, available chemicals and suitable for useful applied Mx solutions and gels radiation dosimeters.


Cardiac and respiratory motion are significant concerns for achieving high treatment efficiency in cardiac ultrasound therapy. This paper develops a fast target motion tracking algorithm integrated with real-time ultrasound imaging for histotripsy-mediated cardiac therapy. Motion tracking is performed by finding the best match in an ultrasound image to a reference target image. Block matching using diamond search produces a position estimate using the criteria of sum of absolute difference, which is refined by a weighted average with the target's expected position (Kalman filter). For proof of concept this algorithm was configured to use with a 1 MHz annular therapy array that is capable of steering its focus in the axial direction. The motion tracking system operated at peak frame rate of 62 Hz, tracking target displacements up to 20 mm at peak velocities up to 80 mm/second. The system is capable of sub-mm tracking accuracy with maximum observed error less than 3 mm at the highest velocity (80mm/sec). Testing in tissue phantoms showed no significant reduction in treatment efficiency measured by erosion rate for displacements up to 12.5 mm, compared to significant reduction in erosion rate without motion tracking for displacements as small as 3 mm. This was validated in ex vivo tissue, where for 10 mm displacement a mean erosion rate with motion tracking was maintained at 97% of the erosion rate for the control case (stationary target), compared to only 42% with no tracking. The system was tested in vivo in an open chest canine model targeting the atrial septum, where the system provided 24 minutes of motion corrected therapy in the live beating heart, generating significant damage in the atrial septum. These results show that our algorithm has sufficient speed to track cardiac and respiratory motion for histotripsy cardiac therapy, providing significantly higher accuracy and efficiency than therapy without motion tracking. By replacing the annular array with a 3D steerable phased array, this system can be expanded to 3D tracking for histotripsy therapy of cardiac or other fast moving tissue.


BACKGROUND
The purpose of this project was to investigate the expression and clinical significance of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α) in the occurrence and development of chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer.

METHODS
We recruited 31 patients with chronic pancreatitis, 42 with pancreatic cancer, and 20 with normal pancreas in our hospital. Chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, and normal pancreas expressed EGF and TGF-α mRNAs as well as EGF and TGF-α proteins.

RESULTS
Immunofluorescence showed that EGF and TGF-α were expressed in chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer, but the expression levels for both proteins were higher in pancreatic cancer. Variance analysis indicated that the differences in the expression levels of EGF and TGF-α in chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, and normal pancreas were statistically significant. The abnormally elevated expression of EGF and TGF-α are closely associated with the occurrence and development of chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer.

CONCLUSIONS
EGF and TGF-α have important research value as indicators to assess the progression of these conditions and provide a new basis for the clinical diagnosis.


Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides are crucial in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. On the other hand, their metal complexes possess distinctive coordination properties that could be of great importance in the selective recognition of (bio)analytes, such as anions. Here, we report a novel group of molecular receptors for phosphate anions recognition: metal–peptide complexes of Aβ peptides, which combine features of synthetic inorganic ligands and naturally occurring binding proteins. The influence of the change in the metal ion center on the coordination and redox properties of binary Cu(II)/Ni(II)-Aβ complexes, as well as the affinity of these complexes towards phosphate species, were analyzed. This approach offers the possibility of fine-tuning the receptor affinity for desired applications.


In contradistinction to the usual methods, the diffusion of water into a polymer has been investigated by starting from a disk of the material surrounded by water. In this way, actual service conditions are often closely approached. Since a theoretical basis is desirable, equations are given for this type of diffusion, and experiments with a wood flour containing phenol-formaldehyde material were performed from which values for the permeation constant could be derived.


infection caused by nilotinib. However, nilotinib may also be a risk factor for TB by inhibiting T cell-mediated immune responses, similar to imatinib [8]. Steroids also inhibit immunity, so we cannot rule out the possibility that pulmonary Tb may be an effect of steroids. However, in our case, as the initial sputum AFB culture obtained before methylprednisolone therapy showed a positive result after 6 weeks of incubation, TB infection was the initial pathogenic event of the pulmonary symptoms and it is less likely that TB was caused by the steroid. Drug resistance tests of the initial sputum indicated that the TB strain was sensitive to first-line drugs, but respiratory symptoms remained after sufficient treatment. This may have been due to drug-drug interactions (DDIs) between the antituberculosis medications and TKIs. The patient was switched to second-line drugs due to drug resistance, with acceptable CML and TB treatment outcomes. DDIs between radotinib and antituberculosis medications have not been studied, so further pharmacological studies are required to understand DDIs and to determine the optimum doses of TKIs during antituberculosis therapy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of TB developing during nilotinib treatment. In the case described, the clinical manifestations were those of atypical pneumonia, not those of typical pulmonary TB. Furthermore, because it takes at least 6 weeks for culture results for Mycobacterium tuberculosis to be reported, diagnosis and treatment of TB were delayed. As the clinical features of this case were not typical of TB infection, it was difficult to diagnose and properly manage the patient. Thus, when CML patients on nilotinib treatment suffer from atypical pneumonia which is unresponsive to conventional antibiotics, it is important to suspect TB infection and repeat sputum studies even if it is not diagnosed at once. In particular, in areas endemic for TB such as South Korea, the possibility of reactivation of TB in patients receiving treatment with nilotinib should be considered.


Abstract We introduce the ESO VLT Adaptive Optics programme. This programme includes several activities and projects such as the ADONIS project, COMIC and SHARP II cameras, a data reduction package dedicated to AO observations, the low-noise fast readout CCD camera development for wavefront sensor and the Quad cell Avalanche Photo Diodes development. One of the main projects is currently the Nasmyth Adaptive Optics System (NAOS). The high-level requirements and conceptual design of NAOS for Unit Telescope 1 of the Very Large Telescope project are described. An introduction to the Laser Guide Star programme at ESO is also presented.


A novel Mn-V-Ce/TiO2 catalyst for selective catalytic reduction(SCR) of nitric oxide was prepared by impregnation method.The effects of reaction temperature,NO and O2 concentrations,NH3/NO ratio and space velocity on Mn-V-Ce/TiO2 catalytic activity were studied.The SCR reaction mechanism on this catalyst was explored with transient response reaction of NO,O2,and NH3.The effect of H2O and SO2 on the catalyst activity was investigated using FT-IR and TG techniques.Experimental results showed that Mn-V-Ce/TiO2 catalyst has good SCR activity at low temperature.High NO conversion of over 99.2% were observed at 150 ℃ and space velocity 5 000 h-1.When both SO2 and H2O were added in feed gas,the NO conversion could be kept over 98% at 170 ℃ for 350 min.However,it was observed that the loss of catalytic activity was quick when SO2 was added in feed gas alone;while 8% H2O alone in feed gas had little negative effect on the catalytic activity,which was always over 98% at this situation.The catalyst is expected to be applied in the removal of NOx from exhaust gas without SO2 at low temperature,such as exhaust gas from nitric acid production process or boilers of natural gas.


Objective To discuss the effect of facial muscle function training on malocclusions occlusion.Methods The rectification of malocclusions occlusion was realized through training orbicularis muscle,temporal muscle,pterygoid muscle,masseter muscle,tongue,cheek muscles and the like of 50 patients with malocclusions occlusion.Results All patients had good results.Conclusion Facial muscle function training had reliable treatment effect on malocclusions occlusion.


It has been well established that the community teaching hospital is capable of providing the highest type of training for interns and residents. The maintenance of such an educational program in a community hospital demands a curriculum of minimal standards, an active teaching faculty for implementation, and an organized method for program evaluation and maintenance of proper standards. Because of these increasing demands that an active teaching program makes upon the participating hospital, the traditional organizational structure of the community hospital must change. A reorganization of the intern-resident teaching program around full-time teaching department heads and maintenance of some form of active medical school affiliation would appear to be necessary for future growth and development of the successful community teaching hospital.


American readers will be interested in this English view of infant feeding as presented by two well-known pediatricians of that country. Basic concepts differ but little from those contained in similar publications in this country. Names of some of the foodstuffs used may, however, be unfamiliar. Among these are such terms as "rose-hip syrup," "black-currant" purée (orange juice substitutes) and "groats" (cereal). Brand names of dried milks are listed under the intriguing titles of Cow & Gate Full-Cream, Ostermilk, Dorsella, and Ambrosia Full-Cream.