Based on the hazardous weather reports,disaster telegraph data and NCEP 1°×1°reanalysis data from 175 stations in the Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei(HTB)areas from May to September from 2001to2008,the synoptic circulation patterns in the HTB area from May to September,which is objectively divided into four types by using the Self-Organizing Maps(SOM)method,are identified,and the synoptic characteristics and main severe convective weather types of each synoptic pattern are analyzed.The results indicate that:(1)There are four cluster types of synoptic patterns in the BTH area:the Warm and Wet(WWS)pattern,in which short-time rainstorms occur mainly in July and August;the Cold Vortex(CV)pattern,in which hails accompanied by short-time rainstorms and gales occur mainly in June and July;the Northwest Airflow(NA)pattern,in which gales occur mainly in May;and the West Wind Trough(WWT)pattern,in which gales and short-time rainstorms occur mainly in June and September.(2)The main features of the WWS pattern include warm and humid at low levels,superimposed by dry and cold northwest flow,sufficient water vapor transmission,and strong stratification instability;the main features of the CV pattern include the strong inrush of arid cold air in the middle-high layer from a stronger northerly airflow and good moisture condition at low levels;the main features of the NA pattern include the strong inrush of arid cold air in the middle-high layer and strong vertical wind shear;the features of the WWT pattern are not obvious.(3)The NA and CV patterns have the highest frequency of severe convective weather,more than 65%,and the WWS pattern comes second,followed by WWT pattern.


In this text we signal a serious gap in the proof of the main theorem of our paper and explain which parts of the statement remain valid. In fact, the main theorem remains valid unless possibly the variety does not admit positive-dimensional subvarieties through a very general point and is not bimeromorphic to a quotient of a torus. This latter case would be ruled out by a Chern class inequality which holds in the algebraic case but is still unknown in the K\"ahler setting.


This review is an account of our work on developing stereoselective cyclopropanations of furans and pyrroles as a facile entry into donor-acceptor substituted cyclopropanes. The application of these building blocks for the synthesis of paraconic acids, sesquiterpene lactones, pyrrolidinones, and conformationally restricted β-amino acids is discussed.


Objective To study and explore the diagnostic value of the level of VEGF and MMP-2 in the serum and ascites in patients with ovarian carcinomas.Then to evaluate the correction between them and metastasis and prognosis of ovarian cancer.Methods Serum and ascites VEGF,MMP-2 level in patients with ovarian neoplasm(42 cases of ovarian carcinomas,14 cases of benign tumors) and 10 healthy women as controls was determined by ELISA.Results 1.The preoperative serum vegf and mmp-2 levels in malignant groups was significant difference compared with normal controls or patients with benign tumor.2.The preoperative serum VEGF and MMP-2 levels in malignant groups was significantly higher than that of the postoperative group.3.The level of VEGF、MMP-2 in ascites was significantly higher than that in serum.4.There was significant relationship between the preoperative serum VEGF and MMP-2 levels and the depth of invasion,TNM stage,lymph node metastasis.Conclusion Serum VEGF and MMP-2 levels were higher in malignant tumors and VEGF and MMP-2 were important for the tumor invasion and metastasis.Expressions of VEGF and MMP-2 in ovarian carcinomas appear to be wellcharacterized indicators of tumor diagnosis,prognosis and metastasis.


In this article we present the design of a quadrature voltage controlled oscillator (QVCO) with low phase noise and low distortion. The circuit is appropriate for implementing frequency conversion stages with differential local oscillator (LO) port. The proposed design has a coarse tuning control for the operating frequency selection and a fine tuning control intended for automatic frequency control (AFC) applications. The circuit, implemented in 130 nm CMOS technology, occupies an area of 242 x 209 μm2. Simulations results show that the QVCO can be continuously tuned in the range of 693 MHz to 827 MHz whereas drains a current of 11.45 mA (core) when it is powered from a 2.5 V source.


Based on the composition and status of the internet of things in heating system,the paper explores the heating network balancing adjustment and monitoring system and unattended thermal station monitoring system,and introduces the application of the internet of things in urban central heating and its preliminary frame,which has significant meaning for realize high efficiency and energy conservation of urban central heating system.


Examination, curricula, and standards of education are currently hot topics in many parts of the world. English Today talks to ROBERT BLACKBURN, Deputy Director General of the International Baccalaureate Organization, about how the IBO does its work.


The method involves adjusting the temperature of the hydraulic fluid, and then adjusting the temperature difference between the temperature of the hydraulic fluid and a prescribed temperature. The display of the weighed result is suppressed if the temperature difference exceeds a prescribed value. On exceeding the temperature difference, an acoustic or optical display is activated. The temperature difference is not allowed to exceed 10 degrees C.


The Bardet–Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare ciliopathic human autosomal-recessive disorder, which is characterized principally by cardinal symptoms of marked central obesity, retinal dystrophy, polydactyly, mental retardation and hypogonadism and renal dysfunction.We report a case of 24 year old boy with Bardet-Biedl Syndrome, having classical symptoms like central obesity, hypogonadism, brachydactyly and strabismus. Laboratory investigations show reduced hemoglobin (6.1) and reduced WBC (700). Kidney function test (KFT) revealed an increased Urea level (130 mg/dl) and creatine (6.6mg/dl). Liver function test revealed (LFT) near normal bilirubin levels (1.4 mg/dl). CXR revealed subpleural fibrotic bands. Physiotherapy intervention included positioning, breathing re-training, chest PNF techniques, limb mobility exercises and HEP. The evidence from this study suggest that inpatient physiotherapy intervention plays a vital role in managing a patient with a rare case of Bardet-beidl syndrome. Early physiotherapy intervention has proven to be effective on this rare ciliopathic human autosomal-recessive disorder in ICU setup.


The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicities of gemcitabine in the treatment of metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Thirty two patients received gemcitabine 1 000 mg/m2,d1,d8,d15,continual iv.drip,every 28 days.All the patients administered not less than 2 cycles.Two patients achieved complete response(6.3%) and 13 achieved partial response(40.6%),9 achieved stable disease(28.1%).The overall response rate was 46.9%(15/32).The clinical disease control rate was 75.0%(24/32).The major toxicities were hematologic toxicities.Rates of grade Ⅲ to Ⅳ anemia,leukopenia,thrombocytopenia were 9.4%(3/32),28.2%(9/32) and 15.6%(5/32),respectively.In conclusion,gemcitabine has a good antitumor activity and manageable toxicity on metastatic or recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma.


Many scholarly texts in the field of international relations have been published in recent years to show that inter-state relations remain hierarchical rather than anarchic (see, Lake, 2009; Zarakol, 2017). However, these texts focused on the importance of dominant norms in establishing, maintaining and legitimizing hierarchical relationships while ignoring how these norms (i.e., hierarchy) influence the hegemonic powers' domestic policy. In other words, certain approaches to international hierarchy theorizing disregard the historical and present imbrications, feedbacks and reverberations of political, social, and institutional norms and behaviours that were/are tested in what were/are the (neo) imperial labs that form the primary site of the global order. Empire Within: International Hierarchy and its Imperial Laboratories of Governance, investigates how international hierarchies (as either imperialism or hegemonic) affect the internal policies of hegemonic powers (it means the spread of hierarchies). In this book, Alexander Barder seeks the answer to the following question: 'In what ways does the practice of empire or hegemony reflect within domestic state institutions, culture, or ways of thinking? How can we understand the effects that the practices of international imperial relations have upon the domestic space?' (p. 1). To answer this question, Barder (2015, 5–6, 53) develops the following two arguments.


Ginseng is a perennial herbaceous plant that has been widely consumed for medicinal and dietary purposes since ancient times. Ginseng plants require shade and cool temperatures for better growth; climate warming and rising heat waves have a negative impact on the plants' productivity and yield quality. Since South Korea's temperature is increasing beyond normal expectations and is seriously threatening ginseng plants, an early-stage non-destructive diagnosis of stressed ginseng plants is essential before symptomatic manifestation to produce high-quality ginseng roots. This study demonstrated the potential of fluorescence hyperspectral imaging to achieve the early high-throughput detection and prediction of chlorophyll composition in four varieties of heat-stressed ginseng plants: Chunpoong, Jakyeong, Sunil, and Sunmyoung. Hyperspectral imaging data of 80 plants from these four varieties (temperature-sensitive and temperature-resistant) were acquired before and after exposing the plants to heat stress. Additionally, a SPAD-502 meter was used for the non-destructive measurement of the greenness level. In accordance, the mean spectral data of each leaf were extracted from the region of interest (ROI). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied for the discrimination of heat-stressed plants, which was performed with 96% accuracy. Accordingly, the extracted spectral data were used to develop a partial least squares regression (PLSR) model combined with multiple preprocessing techniques for predicting greenness composition in ginseng plants that significantly correlates with chlorophyll concentration. The results obtained from PLSR analysis demonstrated higher determination coefficients of R2val = 0.90, and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 3.59%. Furthermore, five proposed bands (683 nm, 688 nm, 703 nm, 731 nm, and 745 nm) by stepwise regression (SR) were developed into a PLSR model, and the model coefficients were used to create a greenness-level concentration in images that showed differences between the control and heat-stressed plants for all varieties.


This monograph makes a normative account c describing the use and exploitation of unconventional sources of renewable energy (FNCER) in Colombia. In this way we seek to identify if the challenges that were formulated by Law 1715 of 2014 and other regulations have been able to fill the gaps that existed a few years ago, thus allowing a massive, adequate, timely and pertinent use of the derived energies to materialize in the national territory of this clean energetic sources and consequently manifesting if there exists a normative sufficiency in this matter or if on the contrary a greater development has not been possible due to the lack of legal vehicles that allow it.


The problem of agricultural surplus labor transfer is the focus problem in farmer,
countryside and agriculture in China. The author analyses various questions in face of agricultural surplus
labor transfer, sums up various successful models of agricultural surplus labor transfer from the beginning of
reform and opening, and put forward some countermeasures to promote the agricultural surplus labor
transfer at last.


Veer Rasa or Heroic has its roots in the higher kind of people, splendour, enormity, goodness,power, liveliness, and the ability to take action. Attention to detail and a strong desire forsuccess can be seen in this character's demeanour. Strength and endurance are two traits thatoften indicate a person's potential for heroism. In other words, when faced with danger orperil, one is firm and does not budge. A strong sense of persistence supports this firmness.The dynamic energy or the spirit of veer is what keeps them both going. The traits offirmness and patience are sustained by a positive outlook and energy. The focus of this paperis on the play's intensity and heroism. When an engineer named Bibhuti offers to build a damon the river, the King of Uttarkut accepts. Thus, the villagers' livelihoods are impacted: theirfishing, farming, and community activities are all disrupted by the disaster. Baba Dhananjaybegins a non-violent revolt at this critical juncture. The public's movement grows strongerand more rebellious over time. Abhijit, the king's son, also succeeds in bursting the dam bysacrificing himself. The Muktadhara River has been restored to its natural state. This paperalso discusses issues related to the human-machine conflict.


Motivated by the comment on our paper (2021 Eur. J. Phys. 42 045205) made by Ferreira D R, we carry out a comprehensive numerical comparison of the three known analytic expressions for the electrostatic potential of a uniformly charged triangle sheet. We report that the three expressions are equivalent to one another.


INTRODUCTION Thymoma is a tumour which originates within the epithelial cells of the thymus, a lymphoid organ located in the anterior mediastinum. This organ is located behind the sternum in front of the great vessel. A relationship between thymoma and myasthenia gravis (MG) was determined accidentally in 1939, when Blalock et al reported the rst excision of a thymic cyst in a 19-year-old girl with MG.


Objective Through the analysis of the pathogenic bacteria isolated from patients with infective endocarditis(IE) ,to explore the changes of the pathogenic bacteria isolated from IE patients and the reasonable use of antibiotics.Methods The pathogenic bacteria isolated from 207 hospitalized IE patients between January 1997 and December 2006 were identified and characterized.They were divided into two groups according to their date of admission.Group I including 77 patients admitted from January 2002 to December 2006,and group II including 130 cases admitted from January 1997 to December 2001.Results During the past 10 years,positive blood germiculture rate of all cases was 47.83% and significantly decreased from 53.08%(group Ⅱ) to 38.96%(group Ⅰ) .The ratio of Streptococcus reduced from 52.17%(group Ⅱ) to 33.33%(group Ⅰ) ,while the ratio of Staphylococcus aureus increased from 15.94% to 23.33%.The rate of drug tolerance to penicillin in Streptococcus was low and increased from 19.44% to 30.00%.Conclusion During the past 10 years,positive blood germiculture rate was descending.Streptococcus still was the main pathogenic bacteria.Its rate of drug tolerance to penicillin was low,increased nevertheless.Staphylococcus aureus infection was increased in IE patients.


AIMS
Recently developed vector flow mapping (VFM) enables evaluation of local flow dynamics without angle dependency. This study used VFM to evaluate quantitatively the index of intraventricular haemodynamic kinetic energy in patients with left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction and to compare those with normal subjects.

METHODS AND RESULTS
We studied 25 patients with estimated high left atrial (LA) pressure (pseudonormal: PN group) and 36 normal subjects (control group). Left ventricle was divided into basal, mid, and apical segments. Intraventricular haemodynamic energy was evaluated in the dimension of speed, and it was defined as the kinetic energy index. We calculated this index and created time-energy index curves. The time interval from electrocardiogram (ECG) R wave to peak index was measured, and time differences of the peak index between basal and other segments were defined as ΔT-mid and ΔT-apex. In both groups, early diastolic peak kinetic energy index in mid and apical segments was significantly lower than that in the basal segment. Time to peak index did not differ in apex, mid, and basal segments in the control group but was significantly longer in the apex than that in the basal segment in the PN group. ΔT-mid and ΔT-apex were significantly larger in the PN group than the control group. Multiple regression analysis showed sphericity index, E/E' to be significant independent variables determining ΔT apex.

CONCLUSION
Retarded apical kinetic energy fluid dynamics were detected using VFM and were closely associated with LV spherical remodelling in patients with high LA pressure.


Background: This study was aimed at assessing the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of dental surgeons on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP).Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among all the consenting dental surgeons at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria, between May and July, 2015. The survey was carried out using a self-administered, anonymous, twenty-five item, and structured questionnaire.Results: A total of 40 (74.1%) males and 14 (25.9%) females responded in the study. The majority, 37 (68.5%), of the dental surgeons had inadequate knowledge about PEP. Majority of the dental surgeons, 44 (81.5%), had a good attitude towards PEP for HIV/HBV. From the study participants, 52 (96.3%) agreed on the importance of PEP for HIV/HBV in the work place. A high proportion of the respondents, 47 (87.0%), had been vaccinated against HBV. Among all of the respondents, 25 (46.3%) were exposed to H...


This contribution describes the non-linear impedance behavior of an atmospheric low power microwave micro-plasma at 2.4 GHz. A resonant coaxial structure is used to characterize the electrode-driven low-power plasma. By using large signal network analyzing methods the reflection coefficient is measured. From this data, voltage, currents, and impedance are derived to see the non linear plasma behavior. A plasma model for Advanced Design System (ADS) is proposed that provides a realistic plasma load for simulation experiments and design of microwave plasma sources.


User interfaces of a broad range of applications are getting increasingly populated with life-like animated characters. The choice of domain, tasks, and conversational setting impose constraints on any prototype development. For instance, in the area of intelligent information presentation with animated characters we observe an ongoing evaluation of systems as illustrated in Fig. 1. Fig. 1. Character applications with different conversational settings that can be realized with the MIAU platform. The first of the four depicted settings can be found in applications where a single character is deployed to present information. From the point of view of the user a generated presentation appears quite similar to the display of a video clip because no interaction is foreseen at display time. In contrast, the second setting is typical for applications with characters that are able to converse with a user in some sort of a dialogue (e.g., via spoken or typed natural language, or based on dynamically configured menus). Moving on to the third setting actually means a shift from a face-to-face character-user setting to a user-as-observer setting. That is, two or more characters talk to each other on the screen in order to convey information to the observing audience. However, no user intervention is foreseen during a performance. This is in contrast to the fourth scenario where we have an open multi-party dialogue setting which allows for both reactive and proactive user participation. From a technical point of view the fourth scenario is certainly most challenging as one has to resolve on an operational level the conflict between predestination and freedom of interaction. Most systems that deploy life-like characters make a concrete commitment to one of the illustrated conversational settings and reflect this decision in a particular system architecture. However, if later on the desire emerges to support other conversational settings as well, an almost full re-implementation of the application often becomes unavoidable. In contrast, the development of the MIAU platform shows that it is indeed possible to develop a single platform which (a) can be used to construct a broad range of character applications, (b) even allows to switch on-the-fly between directorvs. character-centred scripting approaches, and (c) supports a clear separation between the specification of scripting knowledge (being a knowledge-engineering task), and the required computational machinery for behaviour generation (being an implementation task). MIAU can be conceived as a multi-agent platform that has been tailored to applications with conversational characters. Details on the architecture and its implementation can be found in the accompanying IUI'03 paper [1]. The MIAU platform is currently tested in a number of different projects dealing with life-like characters including projects funded by the German Ministry for Education and Research, the EU (projects IST-Magicster and ISTNECA.), and the Federal State of Bavaria. Among these applications are Avatar Arena and the so-called eShowroom. In Avatar Arena users have their avatars negotiate on meeting appointments. The eShowroom. is an electronic car showroom in which either a single character or a team of characters are deployed to inform a user about the features of a certain car. Likewise, users can also take part in a "car-talk" with one or more characters. The flexibility of the approach lies in the fact that MIAU can flexibly switch within a single session between all four conversational settings that are depicted in Fig.1. REFERENCES 1. Rist, T., André, E, Baldes, S. 2003. A Flexible Platform for Building Applications with Life-Like Characters. Proc. of IUI 03, ACM Press (this volume).


Abstract The effects of pressure on the energetics and kinetics of electron emission and capture processes by several important deep levels in Si are discussed. The results yield the first quantitative measures of the breathing mode lattice relaxations accompanying these processes.


This book consists of three descriptive and expository chapters totalling 93 pages, an appendix of 12 pages describing a Fortran program for spline approximation, a bibliography of 13 pages inclusive through March 1, 1970, and three elaborate tables of numerical data comprising 693 pages. The point of view taken throughout is that a spline £ which approximates an unknown function x is based on linear scalar observations Fnx, • ■ ■ , Fmx of x and the knowledge of the existence of J", (0"x)2 over some interval /. The splines computable from the tables are based on the particular observations F,x = x(c + in), i — 0, • • • , m, where c and h are real numbers with h > 0, m = «(1)20, and n = 2(1)5, 8. Chapters 1 and 2 are devoted to instruction on the use of the tables. They are self-contained and written independently of each other, though Chapter 2 is more complete. Thus, Chapter 1, through examples, instructs the reader on how to construct the basis of cardinal spline functions if m ^ n (or, alternatively, the Lagrange interpolation basis functions if m = n — 1) and discusses approximate differentiation and integration by the use of these exact operations on the natural spline interpolant. Chapter 2, however, includes in addition a discussion of the method of calculation of error in natural spline interpolation. The reader is shown here how to compute sharp upper bounds for \x(t) — £(01 > t E L More complete use of the tables is required here. Chapter 3 draws the entire book together by means of a self-contained exposition of the theory of splines. Eight distinct characterizations of £, four of them involving optimality, are presented here. In the interests of clarity and completeness, we shall present these now. Let / be a compact interval of the real line and let X denote the space of functions x on / whose (« — l)th derivative Dnlx is absolutely continuous on / and whose nth derivative Dnx is square-integrable on /. Here n| 1, Let X* denote the set of functional ^ of the form


By using a high power erbium-ytterbium-doped fibre amplifier to amplify with pulses from a modelocked fibre laser compressed in a dispersion decreasing erbium-doped fibre amplifier (DD-EDFA), we have generated a 0.5 W average power train of 280 fs pulses at 1558 nm. The bandwidth is 10.6 nm, and the time-bandwidth product is 0.37. The maximum pulse energy of 53 pJ corresponds to 166 W of peak power. Spectral shaping effects in the amplifier can be used to improve the quality of pulses compressed in the DD-EDFA.


This guide is to help entrepreneurs to start, manage, and enhance a business: from an idea to a great legacy!


Ionicthermocurrent (ITC) and electron paramagnetic resonance of NaCl doubly doped with Mn ++ and Mg ++ have been measured to study the structures of aggregates. A linear dimer of Mn ++ –V and Mg ++ –V complexes can explain the ITC peak at 178 K and rhombic field of Mn ++ .


The cause of colour degradation and odour generation in low softening point terpene-phenol tackifier resins is the result of a combination of chemistry and process parameters. Optimisation of these parameters can produce low softening-point terpene-phenol resins with low colour and odour as well as good colour stability, while retaining all other the properties needed for optimal performance.


X-ray spectra from cores of galaxy clusters can be strongly distorted by resonant scattering of line photons, aecting metal abundance and gas velocity measurements. We introduce simulated spectral models that take into account the resonant scattering eect, radial variations of thermodynamic properties of the hot gas, projection eects and small-scale isotropic gas motions. The key feature of the models is that all these eects are treated self-consistently for the whole spectrum, rather than for individual lines. The model spectra are publicly available and can be used for direct comparison with observed projected spectra. Comparison with the existing XMM-Newton and Chandra data of the Perseus Cluster shows that even though there is no strong evidence for the resonant scattering in Perseus, the low energy resolution of the X-ray CCDs is not sucient to robustly distinguish spectral distortions due to the resonant scattering, dierent metal abundance proles and dierent levels of gas turbulence. Future AstroH data will resolve most of the problems we are facing with CCDs. With the help of our models, the resonant scattering analysis can be done self-consistently using the whole spectral information, constraining the level of gas turbulence already with a 100 ks observation with Astro-H.


Kalman filters are often used to estimate the state variables of a dynamic system. However, in the application of Kalman filters some known signal information is often either ignored or dealt with heuristically. For instance, state variable constraints (which may be based on physical considerations) are often neglected because they do not fit easily into the structure of the Kalman filter. Recently published work has shown a new method for incorporating state variable inequality constraints in the Kalman filter. The resultant filter is a combination of a standard Kalman filter and a quadratic programming problem. The incorporation of state variable constraints has been shown to generally improve the filter's estimation accuracy. However, the incorporation of inequality constraints poses some risk to the estimation accuracy. After all, the Kalman filter is theoretically optimal, so the incorporation of heuristic constraints may degrade the optimality of the filter. This paper proposes a way to switch the filter constraints so that the state estimates follow the unconstrained (theoretically optimal) filter when the confidence in the unconstrained filter is high. When confidence in the unconstrained filter is not so high, then we use our heuristic knowledge to constrain the state estimates. The confidence measure is based on the agreement of measurement residuals with their theoretical values. If some measurement residuals are low, and those residuals are highly sensitive to a given state, then we are confident that the unconstrained estimate of that state is correct. Otherwise, we incorporate our heuristic knowledge as state constraints. The algorithm is demonstrated on a linearized simulation of a turbofan engine to estimate engine health.


The theory that under oxygen deficiency a production of acid occurs in the body with partial neutralization of the blood alkali has been shown in the preceding paper' to be no longer tenable as an explanation of anoxemic hyperpnea. It has prevailed heretofore largely because of the lack of an alternative explanation. The problem is one which bears upon many and diverse conditions; upon diabetic and some other forms of hyperpnea, upon conditions in disease in which the oxygenation of the blood in the lungs is diminished, upon the depression of vitality and lowering of the blood alkali during and after ether anesthesia,2 upon overbreathing from muscular exertion, upon acclimatization to various altitudes above sea level, and upon the ability of aviators to withstand low barometric pressures.3 As an alternative to oxygen deficiency in the causation of mountain sickness, Moss04 suggested that an abnormally rapid volatilization of CO2 out of the blood may occur under reduced barometric pressure. He termed this acapnia. The idea has in it a germ of truth, but as formulated by Mosso is quite untenable. We have recently shown, however, that the body is


Aim  To determine the extent of gender‐related differences in the prevalence of glucose intolerance for the Australian population and whether body size may explain such differences.


Mining is viewed as one of the lucrative economic activities which have the potential of contributing to the development of economies. At the same time, health and safety impacts of mining to the mineworkers have been a major concern to governments, the general public, stakeholder organizations and individuals. Whiles the contributions of mining activities to economic development of Tanzania is well acknowledged, others contend that, the gains from the mining sector to the economy is achieved at significant health and safety costs to the mineworkers in the country. The research examines the health and safety impacts of Londoni gold mining to the mineworkers in Manyoni District. In total, 90 small scale gold mineworkers were involved for data collection through questionnaire survey. In addition, 10 key informants from institutions and organizations which hold stake in the mining and related health and safety issues were involved through key informant's interviews. Likewise, 10 people were involved to give information through Focus Group Discussions. Furthermore, field site visits and documentary review were used to get data. The research revealed that, gold mining has resulted in health and safety problems to the mineworkers due to lack of miners protective gears, poor mining technology, and unsafe sexual intercourse. These have led to the loss of lives and properties due to spreading of both pandemic and epidemic diseases, ergonomic problems, and machine accidents. As a recommendation, there is a need for the mining company to make regular pits and equipments checkups, supply adequate and quality person protective equipments, and raising community awareness on health and safety aspects in mining extraction.


Background and importance of data warehouse based on the owing subject were introduced.The designing and implementation of Data Warehouse project in Kunming telecom corporation were expatiated.By integrating the theory and the practice of real project,a whole process of building a real data warehouse in detail was described.


A spinning mode synthesizer has been developed to study the propagation of complex higher order modes in cylindrical ducts. This device has been shown ("The Design, Development, and Use of a Spinning Mode Synthesizer," M. J. Oslac, and J. M. Seiner, Proc. Purdue Noise Conf.) to be very useful in studying the behavior of spinning waves which are believed to be the principle component of the noise generated by fans, compressors, and jet engines. In this investigation, the spinning mode synthesizer was coupled to a 12‐in.‐diam cylindrical duct 8 ft long, which was in turn coupled to an 8‐ft‐long, 18‐in.‐diam cylindrical duct having an anechoic termination. Single higher‐order modes were then propagated down the infinite duct having at its center an abrupt cross‐sectional change. Radial, axial, and circumferential measurements were made in both the 12 and 18‐in. ducts. Transmission, reflection, and generation of modes at the discontinuity are compared with a mathematical model. [This research is being conduct...


PURPOSE
Migraine is a highly prevalent headache disorder, and intake of various nutrients and special diets may improve migraine symptoms. We aimed to clarify the association between nutritional status and migraine.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
We collected the data of 1838/8953 (migraineurs/all participants) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2004 cycle. We used weighted multivariable linear or logistic regression analyses to study the association between the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and the occurrence of severe headache or migraine.

RESULTS
After adjusting for confounding variables, we found that mild (PNI 45-50) or moderate to severe (PNI <45) malnutrition were associated with higher prevalence of severe headache or migraine (odds ratio [OR] 1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.12, P = 0.004; OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.03-1.12, P < 0.001). In addition, we found that those with severe headache or migraine consumed less alcohol, dietary fiber, cholesterol, total folate, vitamin A, riboflavin, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin K, selenium, potassium, magnesium, and copper, and consumed more caffeine and theobromine than did those without severe headache or migraine.

CONCLUSION
The PNI is associated with migraine prevalence, and may thus serve as a predictor of migraine risk and highlights the potential of nutrition-based strategies for migraine prevention and treatment.


Among the causes of headache, cerebral venous and/or dural sinus thrombosis (CVT) is an important challenge because of its variable clinical presentation, having negative brain CT in up to 30% of cases and unavailability of MRI in some situations. On the other hand as D-Dimer (DD) test has been reported to be a sensitive test for the exclusion of venous thromboembolism, we sought whether it could be useful in the diagnosis of cerebral venous thrombosis. A prospective study of 104 consecutive patients with headache or unusual ischemic stroke (infarction in brain CT, but not compatible with any brunch of cerebral arteries), suggesting CVT was conducted between 2003 and 2005. D-Dimer test determined for all patients in the emergency ward before MRI or MRV was performed. Titers above 500 ng/ml were regarded as positive test. From a total 104 patients, 21 cases (20.2%) were confirmed (by MRI and/or MRV) to have CVT, 20/21 (95.7%) of whom had positive DD test. In the remainder 83 (without CVT) it was only positive in 16.8% (14/83), which was statistically meaningful ( P


Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) provide a connection between the human brain and a computer. BCI systems capture neural activities associated with external stimuli or mental tasks, without involving nerves or muscles, and provide alternative non-muscular communication. Interpreted brain activities are translated directly into a script to perform specific tasks, such as controlling wheelchairs, appliances, robotic arms, speech synthesizers, computers, and gaming applications. The level and pattern of neuromuscular activity can be measured by electromyography (EMG) during specific movements. As such, EMG measurements would be valuable in determining muscle stimulation during the different modes of generating gestures, orientation, position, and insertion angles of the upper extremities. These signals contain highly revealing information in everyday upper extremity gestures. This research article aims to develop artificial intelligence models for bioelectric signals (encephalographic and myoelectric), where the main characteristics of each signal are identified and the best computational model for each signal is established, for which tests are implemented with these acquisition devices from a study with real patients and subsequent processing to extract the characteristics of the bioelectric signals.


factors of the endogenous mTORC2 activity. Using a combination of imaging and biochemical approaches, we demonstrate that inside cells, mTORC2 activity localizes to the plasma membrane, mitochondria, and a subpopulation of endosomal vesicles. We show that unlike the endosomal pool, the activity and localization of mTORC2 via the Sin1 pleckstrin homology domain at the plasma membrane is PI3K and growth factor independent. Furthermore, we show that membrane recruitment is sufficient for Akt phosphorylation in response to growth factors. Our results indicate the existence of spatially separated mTORC2 populations with distinct sensitivity to PI3K inside cells and suggest that intracellular localization could contribute to regulation of mTORC2 activity toward Akt.


This study evaluated the application of stable isotopes of carbon as an alternative and more accurate method to determine gastrointestinal transit time (GTT) in fish by comparing it to the inert marker method. The stable isotope method detects alterations of the normal carbon flow in a biological system by analyzing naturally occurring isotopes of carbon, contrary to studies based on conventional techniques that apply external markers to the diet to determine GTT through visual observation of the color change in feces. Therefore, 320 pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus juveniles were reared in 32 tanks under two different temperatures (25 and 29 C). The pacu juveniles received two different diets, one based on ingredients derived from C3 photosynthetic cycle plants and the other based on C4 plant ingredients, both containing titanium oxide (TiO2) as a marker. After 40 d, the isotopic signature of the diets was changed, and the marker was replaced by chromic oxide (Cr2O3). In the isotopic technique, the feces were analyzed to determine the exchange in the isotopic ratio of carbon δ13C. Both methods found that GTT was faster (nearly 6 h) in fish at 29 C when using the C4/C3 feeding strategy and slower in fish at 25 C using the C3/C4 strategy (15 h by inert marker and 18 h by the isotopic method). In conclusion, GTT determination in pacu juveniles using the stable isotope technique exhibits the same accuracy obtained with the inert marker method at temperatures suitable (nearly 29 C) for the metabolism of these animals.


Richard J. Brown has been district director of Nicolet College and Technical Institute, Rhinelander, Wisconsin since its founding in 1968. Prior to that he was a professor and vice-president of Wisconsin State University (now University of WisconsinWhitewater). He served two years as the executive director of the Fulbright Program in Iran. He holds a masters in American history from the University of Iowa and a Ph.D. in social studies education from the University ofIowa. assigned to two different kinds of institutions (junior colleges and technical institutes). A curriculum is not "comprehensive" merely because it includes educational experiences that lead to immediate employment and also opportunities that lead to college transfer. It is not even sufficient that both "occupational" and "liberal arts" courses are made available to individual students. Such a limited concept of "comprehensiveness" prevents community colleges from attacking a form of dualism that has kept higher education on a divergent path from other social developments aiming toward greater democratization of American society. Community colleges, with few exceptions, exhibit a reluctance to abolish unnecessary curricular dis-


As the expansion of city,the construction of road have been from ground to air and underground.In the past,the government have done a lot in construction,however,they have paid much more attention to management now.Urban expressway have been constructed in some cities,and the management of urban expressway is a problem needed to be solved.This paper established an urban expressway traffic information management,evaluation and analysis system based on GIS,It introduces the function,design and the establishment of the system,and an example of system in Shanghai is given to introduce the application of the system.


Background & objectives: Diet plays an important role in control of seizure in epileptic patients. Therefore in this research, the effect of acute and chronic sesame oil consumption on the seizure induced by strychnine in adult rats was investigated. Methods: In this experimental study, forty -two rats were divided into six groups: control (saline recipient, 1 ml/kg) , acute recipients of sodium valproate as positive control group (100 or 200 mg/kg, ip.), acute recipients of sesame oil (0.75 or 1.5 ml/kg, ip.) and chronic recipient of sesame oil (1.5 ml/kg/day, orally, 21 days). To induce seizure, strychnine was injected intraperitoneally 30 minutes after receiving saline, valproate or oil. Then seizure onset time and death time were recorded within 30 minutes. Results: Acute injection of sesame oil increased seizure onset time and death time compared to control group but it was no significantly different. The chronic consumption of sesame oil significantly increased seizure onset time ( p =0.029) in compared to control group, but there was no effect on the death time. Also, there were no significant differences in seizure onset time and death time between acute and chronic groups. Conclusion: It seems that chronic consumption of sesame oil delayed the onset of seizure and reduced the kindled seizure acquisition.


Abstract : Wistar-Furth rats were treaded with carcinogen (NMU) and mammary glands were collected at different time points during 6 months. Mast cell (MC) deficient rats (Ws/Ws) were also employed in this study, in which the incidence of tumor development was also investigated. Normal and malignant tissues were analyzed for the type and number of MC as well as for the mRNA expression of MC specific genes. We found that in the normal mammary gland, MC appeared sparse and rat mast cell protease (RMCP) I type was the most abundant. In tumors MC form clusters. Varied degranulation was seen and electron microscopy further confirmed activation of MC without overt degranulation in NMU treated tissue. However, in contrast to what we expected, MC-deficient rats did develop tumors over the same time period as Wistar-Furth rats, whereas their wild type counterparts seem resistant to tumor development. Further studies are needed in order to confirm the exact role of MC in early carcinogenesis. At present it remains unclear whether MC release mediators protective or detrimental to the tumor, but we are quite certain that the presence of MC regulates mammary carcinogenesis in some way.


Based on analyzing the application of the multi-level information fusion to the fault diagnosis of the gas turbine,a new multi-level information fusion model was established.The self-adapting weighting fusion algorithm was used at the first data fusion level,which could minimize the uncertainty in measuring gas turbine sensors.Then the data fusion results of the multi-senor were further determined at the second character fusion level.Finally the fault diagnosis results were obtained through the decision-making level.The results of the experiment prove that the poor effect of the measurement uncertainty on diagnosis can be effectively reduced so as to improve fusion results rationally and ideally.


I provide a theoretical model for two empirical phenomena observed in the NYSE and Nasdaq markets. First is the bid-ask bounce recently studied by Heston, Korajczuk and Sadka (HKS, 2008) for high-frequency data. Second is a temporary liquidity squeeze observed by Madureira and Underwood (2008) in the event studies. The model I invoke to explain empirical observations of those two groups of authors, is based on Easley, Kiefer, O'Hara and Paperman (EKHP, 1996) equations for informed trading. The estimation was performed by maximizing correlations between MCMC-generated paths and empirical time series, which also maximizes the entropy. My modeling rejects the rational expectation paradigm on a short-to-medium (15 min.to 2 days) time scale. I conclude that, given statistical uncertainty, roughly half of the bidask spread can be attributed to the arrival of new economic information and the other half to microstructure friction.


The author shows that ideological considerations and bargaining over the distribution of economic rents accruing from certain institutional arrangements are powerful shapers of institutional change. At the same time, the legacy of the past does not appear to have a clear or systematic effect on the direction of second-wave reforms that seek to transform existing economic institutions. If distributional conflicts can be resolved, these conclusions provide grounds for optimism about the ability to create new institutions even in countries where little favorable precedent exists.


Abstract The purpose of this article is to define and clarify the process of instructional problem-solving using assessment data within action research (AR) and Response to Intervention (RtI). Similarities between AR and RtI are defined and compared. Lastly, specific resources and examples of the instructional problem-solving process of AR within classrooms and schools to implement RtI are provided.


There are various aspects of combinatorial information that are stored in the coefficients of graph polynomials such as the independence polynomial, the matching polynomial and the clique polynomial. The independence polynomial of a graph is defined as a polynomial in which its coefficients are the number of independent sets in the graph. The independent set of a graph is a set of pairwise non-adjacent vertices. The matching polynomial of a graph is the polynomial in which the coefficients are the number of matching sets in the graph. The matching set of a graph is a set of pairwise edges which do not have common vertices. The clique polynomial of a graph is the polynomial in which the coefficients are the number of cliques in the graph. The clique of a graph is the set of pairwise adjacent vertices. Meanwhile, a graph of group G is called conjugate graph if the vertices are noncentral elements of G and two distinct vertices are connected if they are conjugate. In this research, the independence polynomial, the matching polynomial and the clique polynomial of the conjugate graph of dihedral groups of order at most twelve are computed.


The electrical nature of defects introduced in n-and p-type silicon by 10 to 40 Mev proton bombardment has been investigated by Hall effect and compared to defects resulting from electron damage. Evidence of three types of electrically active defects is presented. The defects are (a) a net acceptor at EC-0.17 ev, (b) a net acceptor at EC-0.4 ev, and (c) a net donor at Ev+0.29 ev. These defects appear to be identical to those previously reported for high energy electron damaged silicon. The damage introduction rates are estimated and found to be considerably larger than values reported for production of such defects by energetic electrons.


Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Pratapgarh conducted a training program on Bee Keeping. 50 participants from different blocks attended the program. The present study was conducted to assess the change in knowledge level of the trainees regarding various bee keeping technologies after attending the training. The study revealed that there was significant change in knowledge level regarding various aspects of bee keeping technologies. The study revealed that maximum change in knowledge among the trainees was regarding the use of queen cage (70.00%) and lowest change in knowledge level was observed about fertilized and unfertilized eggs within bee hive (12.00%). Moreover, it was also found that 58.00 per cent, 56.00 per cent and 54.00 per cent change in knowledge level regarding 'Gharchuut', 'growth period of honey bee' and 'regarding various species of honey bee'. The training helped in overall improvement of knowledge level of trainees regarding various aspects of bee keeping technology.


This article examines environmental programs at London Stansted, the third busiest airport in the U.K. Redeveloped in the 1990s, Stansted has grown to the point where, in 2008, it handled some 22.3 million passengers via 165 destinations, mostly on budget airways. As part of its Generation 2 (G2) expansion plan, it will be adding a second runway. The airport has satisfied ISO 14001, which specifies requirements for environmental management systems (EMS). It first achieved that status in 2005 and now holds certification until October 2011. ISO 14001 covers environmental aspects that the recipient can be expected to have control over, including energy consumption, waste disposal, and staff transport modes. Some of the specific areas are described. In the area of emissions, Stansted worked with customer airlines to reduce their use of fuel-burning ground-power units (GPUs) or built-in auxiliary power units (APUs) during their turnaround time on the ground. The airport provides fixed electric ground power on most of its aircraft stands. This not only reduces noise and carbon emissions; it saves the airlines money. It has also developed a Stansted Airport Surface Access Strategy (ASAS) that includes an airport-based carsharing scheme. Even as the number of employees has risen, the share who are driving alone to work has dropped. Other areas are carbon neutral construction for new buildings and reduced noise.


Background: The search for new markers for breast cancer (BC) has been sought in order to better understand this type of cancer. The Heart and Neural Crest Derivatives Expressed Transcript 2 (HAND2) has been related to endometrial cancer but there are scant data related to BC. The aim of this study is to compare the immunohistochemical expression of HßAND2 in normal breast tissue vs. BC and to correlate with the estrogen receptor (ERα).
Patients and Methods: In this case-control study, 19 formalin–fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues were obtained from pathological archives. Benign (n=9; control) and cancer (n=10) breast tissue were analyzed with immunohistochemistry for HAND2 (Ab60037), at dilution 1:50 at pH 9 and ERα (SP1). ImageJ software with "color deconvolution" was used for analysis of the expression of these proteins. The sample size was calculated (power=95%, α error= 1%) to identify an increase from mean 15 DAB units (control) to 40 DAB units in cancer.
Results: HAND2 expression (mean ± SD) was 15.5 ± 6.1 (cancer) versus 44.8 ± 21.1 (control) (P=0.002, Student t-test). Its expression was mainly present in the cytosol of the cells. No correlation was observed between ERα and HAND2 (Pearson r = -0.28 (95%CI=-0.6 to 0.22; P=0.2).
Conclusions: The protein expression of HAND2, using Ab60037 antibody, is reduced in breast cancer, compared with normal breast tissue. The expression of HAND2 is not correlated with ERα expression.


This paper develops a new extension of the frequency-dependent line model (FDLine) for simulating power networks in parallel with multiple time steps. The main goal of this model is to achieve more efficient simulations of electromagnetic transients, produced mainly by switching operations and faults, without sacrificing its accuracy. To achieve this, the FD-Line model serves as interface between two subnetworks running at different sampling rates. Additionally, the decoupling-in-time of the FD-Line model allows splitting power networks and then, its execution in parallel.


Background. The spread of metastasis (metastasizing) is the leading cause of cancerrelated death, and the ability of tumor cells to migrate through surrounding tissue and to intravasate into blood or lymphatic vessels is an important interim step in the transition from localized to systemic disease. In 5% to 10% of all cases of advanced cancer, metastatic lesions are detected before the primary tumor. The cellular basis of metastasis is the ability of tumor cells to leave the primary focus and to enter systemic circulation, i.e., the so-called circulating tumor cells. Early detection of these cells is of high diagnostic value and may serve as a specific prognostic marker of treatment effectiveness. Therefore, it is a rationale for review and analysis of state-of-the-art information on approaches to quantitative and qualitative analysis of circulating tumor cells. Aim – to characterize current diagnostic and therapeutic potential of isolation of circulating tumor cells. Materials and methods. Literature search was performed with the following keywords: circulating tumor cells, metastases, migration and invasion, technologies of circulating tumor cells isolation, receptor-ligand interactions of circulating tumor cells. On the second stage, article abstracts were screened and non-relevant publications were excluded. On the third stage, full-text articles were assessed for meeting the inclusion criteria for the list of references and for the relevance of studies. Results and discussion. As compared with conventional biopsy, the study of circulating tumor cells is a relatively inexpensive and non-invasive method, so it can be repeated many times during therapy, which makes this technique a powerful tool for monitoring the development of cancer. Given the low number of circulating tumor cells in whole peripheral blood, their isolation is a decisive step for further analysis. Monitoring the content of circulating tumor cells during therapy is a tool that allows you to evaluate the development of the disease in real time, even before the appearance of obvious clinical signs of relapse. A decrease in the number of circulating tumor cells after surgery and/or chemotherapy is likely to be a sign of remission. In contrast, an increase in the number of circulating tumor cells indicates a reactivation of the disease, which should lead to a re-examination of therapy. Conclusions. Early detection and characterization of circulating tumor cells is a new strategy for predicting and identifying the recurrence of cancer pathology. Circulating tumor cells detected before and after adjuvant therapy, radiotherapy, or surgical resection of the primary tumor have been described as independent risk factors for tumor recurrence and death.


Animals fed a high-fructose diet developclinical ch aracteristics of metabolic syndrome; therefore,high fructose fed animals are particularly useful for as sessingpotential therapeutic interventions against metabolic syndrome.In the present study we investig ated the effect of Lactobacillus LP on hyperglycemi a, insulin resistance and hypertriglyceridemia in fruc tose drinking rats as a model of metabolic syndrome . Male albino rats were given a15%fructose solution adrinking water for 13 weeks. Fructose solution significantly increased the serum concentrations of glucose, triacylglycerols, VLDL-c and LDL-c in comparison with control group. It also induced insu lin resistance which expressed by HOMA-IR. Administration of lactobacillus LB significantly im proved the levels of serum glucose,triacylglycerols , VLDL-c and LDL-c by (36%, 40.2%, 40.2% and 50%) res pectively. It also significantly improved the HOMA-IR by 56%. These results suggested the protect ive role of lactobacillus LB against the metabolic syndrome associated disorders like hyperglycemia, i nsulin resistance and hyperlipidemia.


The invention discloses a combined type icemaker with a freezer on the upper portion. The combined type icemaker comprises a machinery chamber, an ice making chamber, a freezing chamber, refrigerant pipelines and a control part. The machinery chamber is provided with a compressor and a condenser. The ice making chamber is combined with the machinery chamber. The freezing chamber is located on the upper portion of the ice making chamber. The refrigerant pipelines are connected between the machinery chamber and the ice making chamber as well as between the machinery chamber and the freezing chamber correspondingly. The control part is used for controlling refrigerants supplied to the ice making chamber and the freezing chamber. The refrigerant pipelines comprise an ice making chamber capillary pipe connected between the condenser and an ice making module of the ice making chamber, a recycle pipe connected between the ice making module and the compressor, a freezing chamber suction pipe connected with the part, adjacent to the ice making module, of the recycle pipe through a first three-way valve and connected with an evaporator of the freezing chamber, a freezing chamber low-pressure pipe connected with the evaporator and connected with the part, adjacent to the compressor, of the recycle pipe through a second three-way valve, a heat supply pipeline combined with a connection pipe between the compressor and the condenser and connected with the ice making module, and a heat supply pipeline valve combined with the heat supply pipeline.


Students with disabilities (SWDs) are less likely to establish themselves successfully in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) careers. Researchers have identified barriers to participation in STEM, including deficits in mathematics and science, executive functioning skills, and self-efficacy, and lack of exposure to STEM experiences. Researchers found students who participate in STEM clubs have higher grades in STEM content areas, have better attitudes toward school, and are more likely to graduate. This study aimed to understand student and parent perceptions about the influences and challenges to participation in STEM clubs. We used a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design that began with a survey, followed by focus groups and interviews with parents and SWDs. We identified four salient meta-themes regarding what influences students to join and stay in a STEM club: fun and the subject matter, social and peer interactions, parent and teacher initiative, and a "semblance of normal." In addition, we identified meta-themes on the barriers for SWDs to join and stay in STEM clubs. These include being a good fit, having no student interest, others not making accommodations, and overwhelmed parents. This article concludes with recommendations for educators to make STEM clubs more inclusive.


The problem of proportional plus derivative (PD) feedback eigenstructure configuration and its applications in optimal control problems are investigated in a second-order linear systems. Based on the parametric method of eigenstructure assignment via PD feedback, the optimal control problem in second-order linear systems is formulated as a constrained minimization problem and a corresponding algorithm for this minimization problem is proposed. A lumped mass-spring dashpot system with three degrees and the simulation results show the effectiveness of this proposed algorithm.


A special case of the probabilistic multi-location problem is studied in a two-echelon logistic system for deteriorating items. The objective is to determine the location of the minimum number of supply centers among a discrete set of location sites of supply centers, such that the probability each retailer being covered by some supply center is not less than a specified value. A logistic cost is introduced as performance measure of the system, and leads us to analyze the impact of deterioration rate on the location problem. The results obtained from numerical examples are discussed, which provides effective guidelines that can be used for the logistic managerial decisions.


The urgency of the research topic lies in the author's search for the elimination of environmental and other threats to the existence of mankind. The population of Homo Sapiens increases quantitatively, intensify the rate of degradation of the natural environment and accelerates the movement to the total Collapse. Scientists in the world create only "appeals" and "warnings" of danger, but even the UN decision and three environmental forums 1992, 2002 and 2012 do not indicate real means of salvation. The purpose of the study is a critical analysis of the works of scientists of the world and their environmental projects and plans. The objectives of the study are to offer a real way of saving humanity through the replacement of industrial technologies with environmentally safe nootechnologies, the development and use of the noosciences. The methodology of the study is based on the authors' foundations of the basis of many new exact and humanitarian noosciences - noophilosophy, nooecology, noohistory, noosociology, noocognitiology, and others. We use the noointegral, systemic and noohistorical methods within the framework of a promising principle of global evolutionism with transdisciplinary approaches. The result of the study is unquestionable evidence that in the flow of nanotechnologies since 2000 ecologically safe appears, which we propose to call "wise" - neotechnologies. Their number is small and the number is growing slowly, but the trends of world science evidenced by the inevitability of the victory of nootechnologies and elimination of all industrial technologies. The main result of the study is the list of noosciences and nootechnologies, which are "terms from the future". They form the Nooglossary for which we received the copyright certificate - a legal document of our author's priority. The conclusion is that humanity will be saved not by the "third industrial revolution" by J. Rifkin and not by the "fourth" K. Schwab or "smart-activity", but by the development of the nooosciences (noowave No. 4) and the massive use of environmentally safe nootechnologies. Nooera has already begun, but humanity does not notice it yet. The first nootechnologies exist, but they are still too small. We have created the Nooglossary to accelerate the progression of noofuture


Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common lethal inherited disease in Caucasian populations. It is characterized by abnormalities of electrolyte transport in both exocrine glands and secretory epithelia resulting in viscid mucosal secretions. The incidence of CF in Australia is approximately 1 per 2400 live births, with a carrier rate of 1 per 25.' Patients cared for in specialist centres have a median survival of 25-30 years. Major CF morbidity and mortality are related to respiratory failure resulting from chronic pulmonary infection. Approximately 90% of CF patients capable of producing sputum are colonized by Pseudomonas aerugin o ~ a . ~ * ~ Once acquired, P. aeruginosa is rarely eradicated and is associated with a gradual deterioration in lung functi0n.4.~ The recent cloning of the CF gene should result in improved treatment and survivaL6 However, implementation of this discovery may take several years. More than 50 mutations have been found in the putative CF gene product suggesting that population screening for CF heterozygotes will be difficult.' The mechanisms for gene transfer and gene therapy remain unclear. It is likely that many children will suffer and die from CF before such treatment becomes available! Meanwhile, it is important that a detailed understanding of chronic P. aeruginosa infection in CF lung disease be achieved. Much remains unknown about the interactions between P. aeruginosa, respiratory epithelium and the immune system. This knowledge will help with the development of preventive and treatment strategies to prolong and improve the quality of life.


From the late 1960s through the late 1970s, high strength microalloyed steels hot rolled to strip and plate exhibited ferrite-pearlite microstructures with yield strengths essentially limited to the range of 350–420 MPa. However, the advent of the energy crisis of the late 1970s led to the demand for steels of higher strengths, while maintaining acceptable levels of other properties such as weldability, toughness, and formability. Since the late 1970s, it has been recognized that the strengthening mechanisms present in ferrite-pearlite steels had reached their limit in terms of grain refinement and solute and precipitation hardening; hence the barrier of 350–420 MPa was a real restraint. At about the same time, it was also recognized that higher strengths in as-processed steels could only be achieved through the use of ferrite of lower temperature formation, i.e., non-polygonal, acicular, bainitic, or martensitic ferrite, either as a monolithic matrix microstructure or as a combination. This change in achievable microstructures was abetted by interrupted accelerated cooling, either on the runout table of a strip mill or after the finishing pass in a plate mill. Hence, high strength hot rolled or the later cold work and annealing (CRA) and/or continuous galvanizing line (CGL) processed steels, with strengths in excess of 420 MPa, now exhibit these complex microstructures. It is not uncommon today for a 490 MPa yield strength steel to exhibit a microstructure comprised of several types of microsconstituents: non-polygonal ferrite, bainite, martensite, and perhaps retained austenite. Traditional metallographic techniques are no longer capable of analyzing these complex microstructures, especially in a quantitative fashion. The inability to characterize and quantify these complex microstructures means that the true strengthening mechanisms operative in these steels may be incorrectly understood and evaluated. The recent application of the quantitative analysis of the image quality (IQ) of the Kikuchi pattern resulting from the Electron Bank Scattered Diffraction (EBSD-IQ) has led to an innovative way to quantitatively analyze complex microstructures in the higher strength steels. This article will present the technique and show where it has been used successfully in research studies involving a broad range of steels including high strength low alloy (HSLA), MA, DP, and TRIP steels.


The poster presents Bebras informatics tasks based on assembling a program from blocks. These tasks were created in templates based on Papert's microworlds and they familiarize pupils with classical problems used in CS education. In these microworlds, pupils create and run a program which controls a sprite in order to solve a problem emerging from a described situation. We created four such templates. Each template was supplied with its own set of tasks, differing in a topic, a subject matter and graphics. We created more than 100 tasks in total. As pupils go through each task, they repeatedly run the created program while the system provides them with feedback. Some of the tasks were included into the Czech Bebras Challenge, whereas from others we created sets of tasks (like Hour of code) usable in lessons. More than 430 000 pupils aged 10 to 19 from hundreds of Czech schools tried these tasks in 2021, 2022. Our experience shows that these tasks with their interactivity can attract pupils to the contest and thus can contribute to advance pupils' informatics skills.


A B S T R A C T In natural systems phytoplankton interact with planktonic (free living) and attached epiphytic bacteria both synergistically and antagonistically. The specificity of the association with micro algae and bacteria differs in terms of adhesion mechanisms and metabolic cooperation. Present research was carried out to study the effect of bacterial isolates namely Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. from algal culture systems on the growth of micro algae such as Chaetoceros calcitrans and Nannochloropsis oculata. C. calcitrans (F= 15.34; P<0.05) and N. oculata (F=12.52; P<0.05) showed significantly higher growth, in treatments with Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp when compared to control.


In a 2-yr study, asparagus spears from established plantings at two sites in British Columbia and one site in Ontario were analyzed for terbacil residues following preemergence and early postemergence applications of terbacil at 0.6, 1.1 and 2.2 kg ha−1. Gas chromatographic determination of terbacil residues using N-specific alkali flame ionization detection indicated that at one site, maximum terbacil residues in the preemergence samples were 14 ± 3 μg kg−1 for the 2.2 kg ha−1 application rate, whereas maximum residues in the early postemergence samples for the 2.2 kg ha−1 application rate were 493 ± 250 μg kg−1 at a second site. Recoveries of terbacil from fortified asparagus tissue were 96 ± 19%, 87.2 ± 11.9% and 83.3 ± 7.8% at 10, 50 and 100 μg kg−1, respectively. Key words: Asparagus officinalis L., terbacil, residues, gas chromatography, asparagus


Abstract. The purpose of this application, under Article 75.6 of the Code, is to set aside all previous fixations of name-bearing types for the species Tipula marci Linnaeus, 1758 and Tipula febrilis Linnaeus, 1758 (currently Bibio marci and Dilophus febrilis, the St. Mark's fly and the fever fly, respectively) and to designate neotypes in their place. Illustrations in pre-Linnaean works cited by Linnaeus in connection with these names are unidentifiable, and extant Linnaean syntypes of these two nominal species belong to other species than those for which the names have been consistently used since the early 19th century.


this paper contains preparation of Active carbon surface (AC) from pro so millet grain husks and Loading and activating by Iron oxide and hydrogen peroxide sequentially to obtain surface (ACIPE). The changes of previous processes on Active carbon surface were diagnosed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ). These surfaces (AC and ACIPE ) were using as adsorbent for removing of congo red dye from aqueous solutions under certain conditions through batch system. More than one kinetic model was applied to congo red dye adsorption process and it was found that the most kinetic model applied to it is a model ( pseudo second order model). In addition to the adsorption efficiency of the surface after activation and loading, it was much better than the main surface where the adsorption efficiency of the first and second surface was equal ( 27%, 85% ) sequentially at higher temperatures.


The emphasis in nuclear power plant construction and engineering has shifted in the past ten years from new plant construction to plant retrofit and upgrade. The original sets of construction specifications for civil structures are often not appropriate for current, smaller scale, limited scope work which is routinely being performed at facilities which have been operating. These original specifications usually need updating for codes and standards, new products and techniques,purchase requirements, contractual relationships, realistic quality standards, testing requirements, and material qualification requirements. Improvements in budget and schedule may be realized if project specifications are systematically reviewed and rewritten to be compatible with the current nature of the work being performed, and to be consistent with present industry practices and products.


Electromagnetic gyrokinetic simulation in toroidal geometry is developed based on a fluid-kinetic hybrid electron model. The Alfven wave propagation in a fully global gyrokinetic particle simulation is investigated. In the long-wavelength magnetohydrodynamic limit, shear Alfven wave oscillations, continuum damping, and the appearance of the frequency gap in toroidal geometries are demonstrated. Wave propagation across the magnetic field (kinetic Alfven wave) is examined by comparing the simulation results with the theoretical dispersion relation. Furthermore, finite-beta stabilization of the ion temperature gradient mode and the onset of the kinetic ballooning mode are demonstrated.


Fossil fuels have to be replaced by renewable energies (e.g. biomass) due to increasing global demand for energy. The discovery of LPMOs (lytic polysa


A self-contained drum brake adjuster mechanism using an escapement drive arrangement to provide adjustment. A bi-metal spring, used in the normal adjustment operation, contracts at higher brake temperatures to prevent over-adjustment of the brake when the drum is overly expanded due to heat generated by heavy brake applications.


A new method based on logarithm calculation for wavelength modulation spectroscopy is proposed and analyzed. It is shown that in the algorithm the second harmonic signal keeps linear relation with the gas concentration in the whole concentration scale. A fiber optic methane sensing system with much higher SNR was built.


Today, mobile phone technology with high-speed internet has been well-developed and been considered as the candidate technology for the next-generation handheld point-of-care (POC) devices with the function of transferrable diagnostic data. In 2015, it was estimated that there were 1.5 billion mobile phone users in developed countries, and 5.6 billion users in developing countries [1]. The high mobile penetration is extremely beneficial to the feasibility of smartphone-based POC diagnosis every where, especially in less developed countries, rural areas, and remote areas. These places lack diagnostic facilities and welltrained personnel. To improve healthcare systems in these under developed areas, rapid on-site diagnosis with data transmitting capability is in desperate need to immediately make medical decisions for patients. Recently, the concept of mobile health (mHealth) is active in many fields ranging from medical diagnostics to environmental detection. The camera of the smartphone stands out as the primary feature as a detection sensor. When the camera is integrated with the optical components, it can be used to sense and measure the changes in both color and optical intensity. Although human eyes can identify the difference in colors and brightness, we cannot quantify what we see into exact values. With the addition of optical components, such as diffraction gratings, micro lens, etc., the smartphone can be used as a visible light spectrum reader [2] or a microscopy [3]. Furthermore, the diagnostic results by smartphone-based devices can be uploaded through internet for doctors to make the treatment in time.


Within the framework of independent particle approximation, the optical activity tensor of solids is formulated as from different contributions: the magnetic dipole, electric quadrupole, and band dispersion terms. The first two terms have similar counterparts in the theory of finite systems, while the last term is unique for crystals. The magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole transition moments are calculated with a sum-over-states formulation. We apply the formulation to calculate and analyze the optical rotation of elemental tellurium and the circular dichroism of (6 , 4) carbon nanotube. Decomposed optical activity into different contributions are discussed. The calculated spectra agree well with experiments. As a showcase of achiral crystals, we calculate the optical activity of wurtzite GaN.


Dental caries is the most common infectious disease of childhood. A survey of U.S. kindergartners found that as many as 40% have experienced tooth decay.

Early childhood caries are particularly problematic in low-income populations as well as in certain racial/ethnic groups, with cavity rates two


The removing of iron present in clays and kaolins, with the aim to improve their quality, has been previously studied by means of a pyrometallurgical chlorination process, using gaseous chlorine as reagent. In addition, it has been observed that during the burning stage of clays and kaolin in chlorine atmosphere some phase transformations occur induced by chlorination solid-gas reactions. In this work, a study of phase transformation in original samples and chlorination residuals is made by means of X ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results obtained show that, in the kaolinitic samples, it appears the α-alumina (corundum) phase in the first stage of chlorination. At higher chlorination times this phase disappears due to the volatilization of the AlCl3. On the other hand, it is observed that the kaolinite burning in chlorine atmosphere favours the formation of the mullite phase. Other crystalline phases present in the minerals, such as anatase and iron oxide, practically disappear after the samples chlorination.


Part 1 Preface Chapter 2 Introduction Chapter 3 Chapter 1: The Birom People and Their History Chapter 4 Chapter 2: Cultural Ecological Features of the Pre-Colonial Past Chapter 5 Chapter 3: Du Village: Organization of Space and People Chapter 6 Chapter 4: The Ecological Basis of the Kin Group Chapter 7 Chapter 5: The Life Cycle of the Kin Group Chapter 8 Chapter 6: Ritual and the Distribution of Public Power Chapter 9 Chapter 7: Village Wards and Other Forms of Social Control Chapter 10 Chapter 8: Gender, Marriage, and the Establishment of the Domestic Unit Chapter 11 Chapter 9: Internal Relationships with the Domestic Unit Chapter 12 Chapter 10: Social Networks: Webs of Kinship and Friendship Chapter 13 Chapter 11: Women and Patrilyny: Summary and Theoretical Implications Part 14 Appendices Part 15 A. Economic Realities at the End of the Colonial Era Part 16 B1. Genealogies: Lo Shom Dong (Lo Gong Jing, Lo Rwang Shom) Chapter 17 B2. Genealogies: Lo Gyang Pwara (Lo Kwon, Lo Bwei) Chapter 18 B3. Genealogies: Lo Chang Chapter 19 B4. Genealogies: Lo Gyang Bagei (Lo Dam) Chapter 20 B5. Genealogies: Lo Kwon, Lo Bwa, LoGo Zang Chapter 21 References Part 22 Index Part 23 About the Author


This study aims to determine the influence of the variable influence of career development, work motivation and work competence on employee work productivity at Dazzle company in Yogyakarta. This research method uses descriptive survey methods and explanatory surveys. The sample in this study were 50 respondents who were drawn from employees at the company Dazzle Yogyakarta. The data analysis method used in this study was multiple regression analysis. The result of the research is that there is a positive and significant influence on career development variables, work motivation and work competence on work productivity in the company Dazzle Yogyakarta


Kim Kwang-gyun was the poet who expressed the poetic formativeness distinctly among the 1930's Modernists. But he has been estimated negatively because of passive emotion toward reality, image which was little more than rhetorical method, and sentimentality which stood for pictures. The purpose of this study is to review these evaluations and to explore the formativeness and modernity of Kim Kwanggyun's poetry. First, the relationship between lyrics and the visual arts is examined. Kim Kwang-gyun was influenced by pictures through the friendship with other artists and the western picture book, and it was applied to pictorial composition in order to catch and structure the images. Next, the organic relationship between form and content, and between the thought and the form are examined, centering around 'the thought of form', that is, the key words of Kim Kwang-gyun' poetics. This concept shows that his pictorial isn't nothing but a technique of imagism, but also shows that it is a means of a formativeness which can express modern reality in a new method. Finally, modern characteristics which were expressed in Kim Kwang-gyun's poetry are discussed. For him, emotion is the substitution or modified product of idea, and it is mainly related to the frustration toward reality and modernity. The grief and gloom shown in his poems can be said to be not only the product which was caused by the experience of city life, but also the modern emotion which is differentiated from the recitation of Romanticism. These modern characteristics are not limited to the nature of emotion, but they are shown in the methods of expressing the emotion. The point of Modernity shown in Kim Kwang-gyun' poetry is that sentimentality was constructed formatively and it also secured the appreciation of the beautiful. Thus, the formativeness of Kim Kwang-gyun's poetry should be understood, beyond the narrow category of pictorial methods, in terms of modern aesthetics of Modernism poetry in the 1930's.


An efficient solid acid catalyst (AAFA) has been synthesized by mechanical and thermal activation of F-type fly ash (SiO2 and Al2O3>70%) followed by chemical activation using concentrated HCl at 110oC. The activation of fly ash resulted in increased silica content (79%) and surface area (5.42 m2/g) having sufficient silanol activity for esterification of n-butanol and acetic acid. The catalyst was characterized by XRD, FT-IR, and SEM techniques. The product n-butyl acetate is an important fine chemical intermediate, widely used in pharmaceutical and as flavoring agent in confectionary. The catalyst was completely recyclable without significant loss in activity up to five reaction cycles, which confers its stability during reaction. The work reports an innovative use of solid waste fly ash as an effective solid acid catalyst.


Objectives: Two preliminary studies are described. The objective of Study 1 was to examine the relations between Meaningfulness of Life (MOL) and Existential Distress (ED) in advanced cancer patients. The objective of Study 2 was to examine the feasibility and effects of applying an experimental online intervention for increasing MOL. Hypotheses: (a) MOL and ED would be related negatively; (b) Increasing MOL would be followed by lowered ED. Methods: In study 1 there were 30 cancer patients with advanced disease and in study 2 19 participants: 10 experimental and 9 controls. Two scales were used: meaning based MOL [1,2] referring to aspects of meaning, representing four clusters: actionaldynamic, perceptual-sensory, experiential-cognitive, contextual-situational, and ED [3], which includes 10 items loaded on the factors of emptiness and loneliness. In study 1 the scales were administered only once, in study 2 before and after the intervention. The intervention consisted in requesting the subjects to select responses to specific questions targeted to enhance their support for particular aspects of MOL. Results: The findings in study 1 showed that ED and MOL are related negatively and significantly. The emptiness factor is related most highly to the action-dynamic cluster, and the loneliness factor to the experiential-cognitive cluster. The highest scores of MOL are on the impersonal contextual-situational and lowest on the personal experiential-cognitive components. In study 2 the intervention resulted in higher scores in MOL and decrease in ED. Significance of Results: The findings show that MOL and ED are autonomous constructs, related negatively. The structure of the scales is described and a new MOL scale is presented. It was shown that MOL can be increased by a simple online intervention, which could decrease ED. The findings may promote research with MOL and ED and clinical applications for reducing ED.


The existing reinforcement learning approaches cannot satisfactorily solve the learning problems in dynamic environment. The optimal strategy must be re-learned when environment changes. The learning algorithm cannot converge to optimal strategy if the interval between the changes is shorter than the duration of strategy converging. In this paper, a hierarchical reinforcement learning approach adapting to dynamic environments is presented based on the Option hierarchical reinforcement learning. According to the hierarchical characteristic of learning, the approach only takes into account the changes taking place in the sub-goal states of hierarchical tasks or the environment states of current Option. So the process of strategy update is limited in a small-scale local space or a low dimension high-level space. Consequently, the process of strategy update is accelerated. The experiments with shortest path planning in a two-dimensional dynamic grid space show that the presented approach is obviously faster than the existing approach in strategy update. Additionally the dependency of convergence of the learning algorithm on the frequency of environment change is reduced.


The advent of highly efficient wide band-gap Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuits (MMICs) allows for low cost packaging of amplifiers with antennas in a single multi-layer panel. This paper reports on the design, fabrication, and measurement of a panelized Transmit/Receive (T/R) array designed for a Digital Array Radar (DAR) at 3.3 GHz. This panel uses simplified plastic packaging for high performance Gallium Nitride (GaN) amplifiers to remove heat in a very simple and effective manner. This integration approach is shown to keep the high power amplifiers cool enough to maintain optimal performance and transmit an instantaneous power of over 25 watts per element.


Current equation-based object-oriented (EOO) languages typically contain a number of fairly complex language constructs for enabling reuse of models. However, support for model transformation is st ...


The paper analyzes the impacts of the market risk and correlated factors on the trade competitive equilibrium and the welfare level under the frame of Cournot-duopoly model.Unlike the traditional model,the paper presume there are potential correlated stochastic demands in bilateral markets and the firms have the risk-averse attitudes,thus apply the game model to study the influences of the risk and correlated factors on the the output efficiency which result from the firm competence and cost advantage while on the price behaviors also.The propositions show that the firms have less strong incentives to participate in trade competition with market uncertainty and correlation than under the condition of the complete information,furthermore,the welfare levels of the countries is determined by special portfolios of the risk attitude of the firms,the risk and correlated indexes in the market.


Freshwater mussels are an imperiled fauna exposed to a variety of environmental toxicants such as lead (Pb) and studies are urgently needed to assess their health and condition to guide conservation efforts. A 28‐day laboratory toxicity test with Pb and adult Eastern elliptio mussels (Elliptio complanata) was conducted to determine uptake kinetics and to assess the toxicological effects of Pb exposure. Test mussels were collected from a relatively uncontaminated reference site and exposed to a water‐only control and five concentrations of Pb (as lead nitrate) ranging from 1 to 245 μg/L in a static renewal test with a water hardness of 42 mg/L. Endpoints included tissue Pb concentrations, hemolymph Pb and ion (Na+, K+, Cl−, Ca2+) concentrations, and Na+, K+‐ATPase enzyme activity in gill tissue. Mussels accumulated Pb rapidly, with tissue concentrations increasing at an exposure‐dependent rate for the first 2 weeks, but with no significant increase from 2 to 4 weeks. Mussel tissue Pb concentrations ranged from 0.34 to 898 μg/g dry weight, were strongly related to Pb in test water at every time interval (7, 14, 21, and 28 days), and did not significantly increase after day 14. Hemolymph Pb concentration was variable, dependent on exposure concentration, and showed no appreciable change with time beyond day 7, except for mussels in the greatest exposure concentration (245 μg/L), which showed a significant reduction in Pb by 28 days, suggesting a threshold for Pb binding or elimination in hemolymph at concentrations near 1000 μg/g. The Na+, K+‐ATPase activity in the gill tissue of mussels was significantly reduced by Pb on day 28 and was highly correlated with tissue Pb concentration (R2 = 0.92; P = 0.013). The Na+, K+‐ATPase activity was correlated with reduced hemolymph Na+ concentration at the greatest Pb exposure when enzyme activity was at 30% of controls. Hemolymph Ca2+ concentration increased significantly in mussels from the greatest Pb exposure and may be due to remobilization from the shell in an attempt to buffer the hemolymph against Pb uptake and toxicity. We conclude that Na+, K+‐ATPase activity in mussels was adversely affected by Pb exposure, however, because the effects on activity were variable at the lower test concentrations, additional research is warranted over this range of exposures. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2012.


Gastroliths or 'stomach stones' occur frequently in some, but not all, groups of fossil and living m arine tetrapods. C om parative analysis of gastrolith distribution suggests a role in buoyancy control rather than food processing. Once accidental ingestion by bottom-feeding animals is excluded, gastroliths occur in most tetrapods which 'fly' underw ater with hydrofoil limbs, including plesiosaurs, penguins, and otariid pinnipeds, but not the m arine chelonians. They do not usually occur in cetaceans, ichthyosaurs, mosasaurs, and odobenid and phocid pinnipeds, which swim with a caudal fin or the equivalent. Occurrence in amphibious forms is variable; crocodilians often have gastroliths, but nothosaurs and placodonts do not. T he correlation of gastroliths and underw ater flight is corroborated by a com parative analysis which takes phylogenetic factors into account. There is no correlation with diet. Consideration of function and occurrence in terrestrial forms suggests that the use of gastroliths in digestion would not be useful, and might even be harmful, to a carnivorous m arine tetrapod. Gastroliths are more efficient than skeletal bone (as in pachyostosis) in terms of sinking force per unit of added mass or volume. As well as driftwood and ice, m arine tetrapods should be considered as a potential source of erratic stones in freshwater and marine sediments. Gastroliths may have evolved by the accidental ingestion of stones, the retention into adulthood of stones used by juveniles to process insect or plant food, or as a com pensatory replacem ent for dense bones habitually filling the stomach. Their presence or absence should be more carefully recorded and further studies should be carried out on their function.


The project is about research of the usage of photovoltaic cells for use in a direct current circuit, which are then attached to a mini prototype boat that is to be tested and run in water, and based on yearly competition of solar-powered boat that is held in National Science Centre.
Several boat prototypes are designed using the Computer Aided Design (CAD) software that is abundance in designing technology. Such software is SolidWorks 2008, CATIA V6 and Autodesk Inventor Professional 2010, whereby the main software that is applied for drawings in this research is Autodesk Inventor software. The solar boat is then fabricated and tested for it to meet the criteria of best design through analysis done.
Tests are conducted using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software, which analyzes the overall fluid flow around the models tested. The models is then constructed using the materials and correct tools for it to achieve the proper flow properties as analyzed, which is then attached with the purposed solar circuits.
The results of flow analysis using CFD software is recorded between three purposed designs, which are RB1, RB2 and RB3. It is concluded that the best design is RB3 by referring to the drag coefficient of CFD analysis. Solar circuit designs are also concluded to be using 6.0 V solar panel pairings for maximum voltage and current generated. Combined together, this can produce the best mini race boat that moves using solar power, and is able to achieve estimated target time of 36.6 second, which is ahead of previous year's winning record time.


Primary fluid inclusions, together with coesite mineral inclusions, are identified in the same zircon domains by laser Raman spectroscopy, cathodoluminescence (CL) image and micro-texture analysis in paragneiss and eciogite from the main drilling hole of Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Project in southwestern Sulu terrane. Most fluid inclusions are characterized by CO2 (gas)-H2O (liquid) two-phase, a few by H20 one-phase liquid inclusions. These features indicate that the eciogite and its country-rocks may be located in the "wet system" rather than in the "dry system" during UHP metamorphism. SHRIMP U-Pb dating indicates that the timing of trapping the fluid and coesite inclusions in metamorphic zircon domains is about 233.7 ±4.3 Ma, which may represent the age of zircon growth in the stage of pressure decrease but temperature increase during the retrograde period of UHP metamorphism thus indicating the fluid activity still under the UHP conditions. The zircons further overgrew at about 213.2 ±5.2 Ma in response to amphibolite-facies retrogression. Therefore, fluid activity in the Sulu UHP metamorphic rocks principally occurred during the exhumation of UHP slab in the Middle to Late Triassic. The present results not only provide insight into the fluid property and fluid-rock interaction mechanism in the Sulu-Dabie UHP terrane, but also present a new means to exactly identify the primary fluid inclusions preserved in zircons from the UHP metamorphic rocks.


Background and Objectives: The overweighed cases like the patients with the injury of ankle sprain having problems with their Balance control system. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of fatiguing exercise on the static and dynamic balance changes in athletes with the ankle sprain. Materials and Methods: In this CaseControl study, 30 active athletes and 14 cases with previous severe ankle sprain as case group and 16 healthy cases as control group were inverted in a treadmill running protocol in 2 experimental sessions. Center-of-pressure sway velocity in single-legged stance and time to stabilization (TTS) after a unilateral jump-landing task (first session) and maximum reach distance in the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) (second session) were assessed before and immediately after the treadmill exercise. Results: In the unfatigued condition, between-groups the significant difference was found only in the anteriorposterior TTS (P< 0.5, ES<0.39). Group-by-fatigue interactions were found for mean SEBT (P<0.03, ES <0.43) and anterior-posterior TTS (P<0.02, ES<0.48). Conclusions: Prefatigue versus postfatigue SEBT and TTS tests differences were greater in previously injured athletes, whereas static sway velocity increased similarly in both groups. Fatiguing duo to running significantly affected static and dynamic postural control in participants with a history of ankle sprain. Fatigue-induced alterations of dynamic postural control were greater in athletes with a previous ankle sprain. Thus, even after successful return to competitions, ongoing deficits in sensorimotor control may contribute to the enhanced ankle reinjury risk.


The authors use an environmental friendly, solvent-free method to prepare metal (II) complexes of cloxacillin and to determine the activity of the complexes. The complexes are more active against the bacteria isolates than the free cloxacillin. The spectral studies showed the cloxacillin (ligand) as monobasic bidentate material that form a complex with metal ion through the carbonyl of amide and carboxylate groups of carboxylic acid, microanalysis results prove that the ligand to metal ratio is 2:1. The researchers recommend the use of solvent-free drugs in the manufacture of metal (II) complexes of active pharmaceutical ingredients to avoid the excessive use of solvents that cause global problems.


Objective To explore the clinical significance and changes of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)level in children with acute viral myocarditis(AVM).Methods TNF-α and IL-6 level in serum from 53 AVM children and 20 healthy children were measured by radio-immunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The relation between the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in serum with the occurrence and development in acute viral myocarditis was analyzed.Results Thirty-two were males and 21 females in the 53 AVM children.The ages ranged from 3-11 years old.There were 12 males and 8 females in control group.The serum level of TNF-α and IL-6 were(526.7±32.9),(3.23±0.53)mg/L in AVM group and(383.1±27.5),(1.63±0.22)mg/L in control group.There were significant difference between the 2 groups(Pa0.05).After AVM clinical recovery,the serum level of TNF-α and IL-6 dropped to(407.3±34.4)and(1.97±0.29)mg/L.There were no significant difference between the patients and the normals(Pa0.05).Conclusions The serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were much higher in AVM.Determination of TNF-α and IL-6 levels is helpful to understand the severity of AVM and its heart damage.


The mathematical model, algorithm and calculation results of a convection current in the channel of a microchannel plate represented in view of reaction channel to entrance current. Methods of the theory of electric circuits are used. Calculation in static and in transition modes is possible. The model allows to install interrelation between the mode of an amplification and parameters of the resistive and emissive MCP layers.