160 Background: In Asia, where hepatitis B is very common, patients often present with locally advanced or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and their prognosis is poor. The EACH study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of FOLFOX4 vs. doxorubicin as palliative systemic chemotherapy in advanced HCC.

METHODS
The open-label, randomized, multicenter phase III study was conducted in 371 patients in China, Taiwan, Korea and Thailand, who had locally advanced or metastatic HCC and were ineligible for resection. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either FOLFOX4 (oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 i.v. d1; LV 200 mg/m2 i.v. h0-h2 d1 and d2; 5FU 400 mg/m2 i.v. bolus h2, then 600 mg/m2 over 22 hours d1 and d2 q2w) or doxorubicin (50 mg/m2 i.v. q3w). The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS); secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), response rate (RR) by RECIST and safety. Data from final and follow-up analyses of the intent-to-treat (ITT) population and selected subgroup analyses are presented.

RESULTS
At the final analysis, median OS with FOLFOX4 (N = 184) was 6.40 months (95% CI: 5.30, 7.03) vs. 4.97 months (95% CI: 4.23, 6.03) with doxorubicin [N = 187; p = 0.0695 using a stratified log-rank test; statistical significance (p = 0.0425) was achieved at the post hoc follow-up analysis conducted 7 months later]. Median PFS with FOLFOX4 was 2.93 months (95% CI: 2.43, 3.53) vs. 1.77 months with doxorubicin (95% CI: 1.63, 2.30; p = 0.0002). The RR was 8.2% vs. 2.7% of patients with FOLFOX4 and doxorubicin, respectively (p = 0.0233), and the disease control rate (DCR) was 52.2% vs. 31.6% (p < 0.0001). In the Chinese sub-population, OS, PFS, RR and DCR were significantly improved with FOLFOX4 vs. doxorubicin at both the final and follow-up analyses. In the other subgroups analyzed, the OS and PFS benefits of FOLFOX4 vs. doxorubicin were generally consistent.

CONCLUSIONS
In the ITT population, median OS was greater with FOLFOX4 than doxorubicin throughout the study and statistical significance was achieved after continued follow-up. FOLFOX4 can benefit patients with advanced HCC, as it significantly increases median OS, PFS, RR and DCR compared with doxorubicin. [Table: see text].


Part 1 Property Rights, Object Powers and the Problem of Theft: Property Rights and Property Defined Property Rights Triggers or Elicitors Scope of Property Rights Property Rights Versus Object Powers Theft Defined and Illustrated. Part 2 Production and Property Rights: Production and Property Feelings Natural Objects and Productive Activity Settlers and Indians in New England - A Case Study Locke's Mixing Methaphor and Proviso Social Contracts and natural Objects. Part 3 Exchange as Production: Nozick and Durkheim on Exchange Productive Activity and Exchange Exchange as Production - The Evidence of Language and Ritual Exchange as Production - Ethnographic Evidence Exchange as Production - The Legal Treatment of Promises Antiquity of Exchange. Part 4 Alleged Limits on the Right to Property: Desert and Productive Activity What Does Society Deserve? Harms and Rights Private Property Versus Personal Property Employment Discrimination Illicit Wealth and Original Sin Gifts and Bequests. Part 5 Producers Versus Thieves: Right Makes Might Ubiquity of the Property Institution Employer as Thief. Part 6 Biology, Ethology, and Property: Evolution of Property Feelings Property-Like Behaviour Among Nonhuman Animals Animal Kingdom and Stateless Society Human Nature and Morality Moral and Immoral Competition. Part 7 A Reconsideration of Natural Rights Theory: Producer's Right as Natural Right Universalizability and Contractarianism An Objection to Ethical Naturalism - The Open Question. Part 8 Alternative Economic Justice Rules: Types of Rules Utilitarian Justice Wealth Maximization Justice Fairness or Envy-Free Justice Maximin Justice. Part 9 Alternative Economic Justice Rules (Concluded): Blame-Freeness Catastrophic Allocations. Appendix: Money and Happiness.


Strategic management of human capital is critical in knowledge- intensive industries. Unlike the case of ordinary workers, incentivizing knowledge workers is a challenge since their performance is not exactly verifiable, and their innovative output is uncertain, and thereby, not contractble. We aim to test if working autonomy in practice is a motivation instrument for managing knowledge workers and tackling contractual hazards. For this purpose, we disentangle two distinct channels in which a firm may offer working autonomy to the worker; efficiency and incentive channel; an employer may delegate more autonomy to the worker to achieve higher productivity. At the same time, autonomy may be granted to better motivate the worker. Using the dataset of Inventors Survey in Europe, the U.S. and Japan (Innovative S&T)" we investigate the determinants of working autonomy for the category of knowledge and ordinary workers. Our results confirm a uniform effect of autonomy through efficiency channel for knowledge and...


In view of the unsatisfactory results and the low utilization rates of electric equipment application, this paper proposed a hierarchical information aggregation structure and model in data analysis and application, taking the autocorrelation analysis based on data probability distribution as the foundation. The model aimed at predicting equipment state trends and assessing equipment service lifetime, and driven by dada mining, analyzed and processed the state monitoring data of large scale electric equipment. A threshold setting method grounded on the probability distribution of historical data was put forward in this paper, and solved the equipment state boundary division for online monitoring. In addition, an equipment abnormal state analysis and identification approach, taking the correlation feature changes of continuous and multidimensional data as the core, was suggested in this paper. The concepts and methods provided in this paper was used to dig for and analyze the online real data of an 110kV transformer in Shanxi Province, North China, and verified the feasibility of correlation analysis based on data driver in state monitoring application practice.


The media companies of Catalonia are currently ever more subject to the events which occur in the international and Spanish system of communication, especially with regard to the strategies of the big corporations and managers who emanate from the public policies on national and international communication. At the beginning of the digital era, it does not seem that the situation will necessarily change despite the notable increase in the communicative offer in both spheres, from the local to the more global. With regard to the general problems of bringing the companies in this new scenario up to speed and in order to help ready them to act in Catalonia or in wider markets, the Catalan media companies need to know the evolution of the communication needs and uses of their audience and, above all, need a policy for the sector in order to eliminate the current feeling of insecurity.


Recently the series for two RG functions (corresponding to the anomalous dimensions of the fields φ and φ 2) of the 3D φ 4 field theory have been extended to next order (seven loops) by Murray and Nickel. We examine here the influence of these additional terms on the estimates of critical exponents of the N-vector model, using some new ideas in the context of the Borel summation techniques. The estimates have slightly changed, but remain within errors of the previous evaluation. Exponents like η (related to the field anomalous dimension), which were poorly determined in the previous evaluation of Le Guillou–Zinn-Justin, have seen their apparent errors significantly decrease. More importantly, perhaps, summa-tion errors are better determined. The change in exponents affects the recently determined ratios of amplitudes and we report the corresponding new values. Finally, because an error has been discovered in the last order of the published ε = 4 − d expansions (order ε 5), we have also reanalyzed the determination of exponents from the ε-expansion. The conclusion is that the general agreement between ε-expansion and 3D series has improved with respect to Le Guillou–Zinn-Justin.


Quality of life depends on the assortment of amenities that individuals and businesses value. Differences in the amount and mix of those amenities should affect the geographic "sorting out" of households and businesses, as well as welfare. Policy makers recognize the trend toward widening intrametropolitan disparities among and within communities and have either discussed or proposed several measures that can help address the problem. However, the differences in quality of life that are developing among communities reflect macro changes in the economy that policy may not, and perhaps should not, attempt to affect. As long as information is widely available and workers are reasonably mobile, the economy will adjust to differences in quality of life that develop. Policy can at least help facilitate that equilibration, and perhaps it can compensate those in the economy who suffer major dislocations in the process.


To solve target recognition under extended environments, this paper proposes sparse representation in the transformed domain. Since the signal energy in the frequency domain is mainly concentrated on a small portion of low frequencies, this part of spectrum therefore carry the vital information that distinguishes a class of target from the other. We intend to define a frequency descriptor by the bag of low frequencies. The defined descriptor is used to build sparse signal modeling. The frequency descriptors of the training are concatenated to form an over-complete dictionary. It is used to encode the counterpart of query as a linear combination of themselves. Sparsity has been harnessed to generate the optimal representation, from which the inference can be reached.


Objective To investigate the influence of knee joint instability induced by the rupture of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) on the meniscus and cartilage. Methods Forty-eight consecutive patients with rupture of ACL from 1998 to 2002 were retrospectively studied upon the relationship of distribution, severity and incidence of meniscal tears and cartilage injuries with different period of time post injury. Results The incidence of meniscal injury was increased from six cases (55%, 6/11) in acute period, 13 (68%, 13/19) in subchronic period to 17 (94%, 17/18) in chronic period with a significant difference (P0.05). The incidence of medial menisci tear was significantly higher than that of lateral meniscal tear in each group. Peripheral posterior horn tears of the medial meniscus occurred in 10 cases (56%, 10/18) were the main types of tear by a statistically significant amount in chronic period. The incidence of cartilage injuries was much higher in medial condyle than that in lateral condyle in chronic and sub-chronic groups. The extent of cartilage damage also became worse with time and the incidence of type Ⅲ even reached 68% (32/47) in chronic group. There was no significant difference between incidence of medial condylar cartilage injury and medial meniscal tear. However, there was significant difference between incidence of lateral condylar cartilage injury and that of lateral meniscal injury complicated by lateral condylar cartilage injury (P0.05). Conclusions The cartilage and meniscal injuries can be induced by the rupture of ACL and go worse with the prolongation of history. Prorsad semiluxation and over internal rotation after ACL rupture may mainly contribute to the medial condylar cartilage injury, while the lateral condylar cartilage injury is mainly due to lateral meniscal tear.


The validation of specifications with respect to user requirements is extremely difficult. To ease the validation task and to give users immediate feedback on the behaviour of the future software, it was suggested that specifications should be made executable. However, Hayes and Jones [1] argue that executable specifications should be avoided because executability can restrict the expressiveness of specification langugages, and can adversely affect implementations. We argue for executable specifications by showing that non-executable formal specifications can be made executable on almost the same level of abstraction, and without essentially changing their structure. No new algorithms have to be introduced to get executability. Furthermore, we show that declarative specification languages combine high expressiveness and executability.


Poster: "ECR 2018 / C-2773 / Comparison of monochromatic maps in spectral CT and conventional CT in patients with suspected hepatic metastatic spread of neuroendocrine tumor. First own experience." by: "B. Bobek-Billewicz1, M. M. Budzioch2, M. H. Pytlik3, M. A. Kaszuba1, M. Szczepanski4; 1Gliwice/PL, 2Krakow/PL, 3Bytom/PL, 4Gliwice, Śląskie/PL"


A novel wavelength dispersive soft X-ray emission spectrometer (WD-SXES) has been developed. It covers nominally the X-ray energy range between 50 and 210 eV [1, 2]. One of the characteristic features of the WD-SXES is parallel detection of the signal so that it can be used like a conventional energy dispersive spectrometer. One other feature is a high energy resolution, which is about 0.2 eV. This resolution is comparable to the one acquired with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy or electron energy loss spectroscopy. This feature enables us to obtain various information about chemical bonding in bulk samples from observed spectra with a high energy resolution.


The initial wealth of foundation establishment as outlined in thedeed made by a notary must be written in the form of money accompanied by a statement of separation of assets of the founder and the preparation of the statement of separation of assets is the founder's obligation so that the founder has a commitment not to interfere in the assets of the foundation, but this becomes a dilemma when the founder does not have enough money to be deposited into the Foundation's treasury as the  initial wealth, especially for operations, purchase of inventory and renovation of buildings. The initial wealth of the establishment by using a statement letter of separation of personal assets of the founder of the foundation by valuing the asset with money and the fastest solution is to get ad funds. is in debt to a bank with land and buildings as collateral that is tied to a Mortgage guarantee institution, asset ownership that has not been renamed to the name of the foundation, it's a problems if the founder does'nt have good intentions to pay off the debt to the bank or hand over the assets. after it is paid off to the Foundation, therefore the Foundation should immediately ask a notary to not only make a deed of establishment of the Foundation but also make a deed of agreement on the transfer of rights either as a grant or waqf along with a deed of power to reverse the name on behalf of the foundation.


When a straight channel formed by two parallel plates, through which two immiscible liquids occupying different heights are flowing under constant pressure gradients is rotated about an axis perpendicular to the plates, secondary motion is set up. The motion is caused due to the combined effects of the pressure gradient and motion of the upper plate. The heat transfer characteristics are evaluated assuming equal and different plate temperatures. The solutions are exact. The heat transfer coefficient at the upper and lower plate has been calculated and presented graphically.


Based on the vast data,we summarized the characteristics of anatomy,biomechanics,work modes of muscle,methods of testing muscle strength and the studies on plantar and dorsal flexor,as well as the shortages in the study. We emphasized the importance of studying the ankle of normal youths.


The intuitionistic fuzzy set(IFS)theory,which is generalized fuzzy set theory,is used in a wide rang of applications.Therefor the approaches of making the fuzzy C-means(FCM)clustering algorithm expand into an intuitionistic fuzzy C-means(IFCM)clustering algorithm are investigated,and several existing IFCM algorithms are analyzed.A fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm based on IFSs is proposed,which firstly defines the distance of IFSs,then constructs the objective function of clustering,finally gives the clustering procedure.The proposed algorithm is applied to target recognition,and the experiment results show the feasibility of the algorithm.


We present a generic shape optimization methodology to maximize the static and dynamic pull–in ranges of electrostatically actuated microbeams. Energy based techniques are used to extract the static and dynamic pull–in parameters. A versatile parametric width function is used to characterize nonprismatic geometries, and the parameters of the proposed width function are optimized using the Nelder–Mead method of function minimization together with a penalty method to enforce the constraints. The constraints that we consider are encountered in typical microbeam applications. We consider matrix of several test cases in order to fully demonstrate the utility of the proposed methodology. Our results indicate that an increase in the pull–in displacement of as much as 19% can be obtained using our optimization approach. We present optimal shapes of these microbeams, that easily lend themselves to microfabrication, which exhibit the improved pull–in response in both static and dynamic regimes.Copyright © 2010 by ASME


Schistosomiasis is considered one of the most important human helminth infection in terms of morbidity and infectivity (Chitsulo et al. Acta Trop 2000, 77, 41; Engles et al. Acta Trop 2002, 82, 139; Shelly et al. Mol Biochem Parasitol 1993, 60, 93). Derivatives of 2-amino-5-nitrothiazoles have shown activity against Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni) and Schistosoma haematobium (S. haematobium), but due to their toxic effect we synthesized new derivatives of a heteroaromatic amine with thiazole moiety. Required thiazole derivatives were prepared via 1 and 2. In this work, two batches of animals were used to test the efficacy of 10 derivatives of thiazole against schistosomiasis. The first batch of Swiss albino mice was infected with S. mansoni and was treated with 5 × 50 mg/kg b.w. The second batch of golden hamsters was infected with S. haematobium and was treated with 5 × 100 mg/kg b.w. Parasitological parameters, biochemical studies, and granuloma diameter were estimated. Results indicated that in the case of S. mansoni infected mice, compounds 2 (2-amino-4-thiazoliniminium chloride) and 20 (2,4-diamino thiazole) showed moderate efficacy (50% worm reduction). While compounds 18 (4-dicyanomethylene-4, 5-dihydrothiazo-2-yl)-N,N-dimethylimidoformamide) and 21 2-(dimethylamino) methylene-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-N,N-dimethylimidoformamide) showed 83% and 90% worm reduction with some normalization of liver function and significant reduction in hepatic granuloma diameters. In the case of S. haematobium infected hamsters, compound 15 showed reduction of worms by about 50% with improvement in kidney function. The high effect of compounds 18 and 21 compared to 2, 15, and 20 could be attributed to the dimethylimidoformamide moieties combined with the thiazole ring. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 16:121–222, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20072


The objective of this paper was to evaluates the shifted excitation Raman difference spectroscopy at 784 nm and 785 nm excitation wavelength for the non-destructive identification of 70 lipsticks of different brands and Product line, overcoming the lipstick fluorescence problem reported by previous works using Raman techniques. Full Raman spectra were analyzed from the different samples, any sample was selected to test homogeneity of lipstick samples. The results of this paper demonstrate that the shifted excitation Raman difference spectroscopy can effectively suppress the interference of fluorescence compared to the general Raman spectra,in combination with multivariate methods,a new method for the identification of lipstick was established. The visual classification delivered a high value of discriminating power i.e. 100%. Cluster analysis provided 99.88% discriminating power combined with Principal component analysis. The results of this study demonstrated that the shifted excitation Raman difference spectroscopy supported by chemometric methods was a new method for the identification of lipstick samples.


DOI: 10.15580/GJEPH.2019.1.122918185 Malaria is perhaps even tougher to combat than HIV or tuberculosis because of its multiple distinct life-cycle stages and its genetic complexity, which allows Plasmodium to adapt rapidly to drugs and to or immune system's efforts to render it ineffective. With billions of parasites circulating in a single human host, Plasmodium species are poised to resist immunological and chemotherapeutic attacks. With the aid of mosquito vectors, a single infected can transmit to hundreds of other individuals within months, far outstripping the infection rate of HIV or tuberculosis. The aim of this study is to identify the challenges in malaria diagnosis and elimination among in-and-out patients of Kaltungo General Hospital, located in a local government area of Gombe state, Nigeria. It is a semi-urban community hospital which covers over 40 rural areas and serves as a secondary health facility for 15 Primary Health Care centers (PHCs) around the area. Findings show that 70% of the challenges in malaria diagnosis and elimination is due to the life-cycle of the causative agent, Plasmodium; the most common in this rural area being Plasmodium falciparum, 20% was due to the failure of early diagnosis as a result of the attitude of the community who do not come to the hospital until the case is near death, while 10% was also found to be due to the cost of treatment. Despite efforts by successive governments to provide malaria drugs and treated nets, sharp practices among health workers and non-adherence to drug usage has made the diagnosis and elimination of malaria a herculean challenge. Four-hundred and forty-five (445) patients were diagnosed during the period of this study representing 60% of both in-and-out patients in the hospital. 345 representing 77.5% were diagnosed as positive for P. falciparum (Positive =345; +100, ++245) while 100 representing 22.5% turned out as Not Seen (NS). Submitted: 29/12/2018 Accepted: 03/01/2019 Published: 04/02/2019


The invention provides a low-frequency electromagnetism mammary gland health care cover for rehabilitation or prophylaxis of pain, which comprises a hemispherical cover body. A plurality of electromagnetic poles are disposed at the inner side of the cover body and near the edge ring of the cover body. The plurality of electromagnetic pole is connected in series/in parallel to an input signal line. The cover body is further provided with an exhaust structure thereon. The low-frequency electromagnetism mammary gland health care cover is a therapeutic product capable of treatment or prophylaxis of cyclomastopathy, and has the characteristics of simple structure and easy operation.


This study studies robust synchronisation for networked Lagrangian systems under dynamic uncertainties and communication delays. Using weighted storage functions, the authors propose a robust control scheme to guarantee that networked Lagrangian systems achieve ultimately bounded solutions over strongly connected communication graphs. Since the developed control system can ensure synchronous action in the absence of a common trajectory, the robust control algorithm is applied for bilateral teleoperations with multiple remote robots. The ultimate boundedness of the solutions can enable the teleoperation system to account for the presence of uncertain dynamics when a human operator intermittently intervenes on local robots. Numerical examples of a group of two-link non-linear robotic systems are presented to validate the efficacy of the developed control algorithms.


12 species of common food contaminating microorganisms were used as tested microorganism,and the antimicrobial activity of 9 solvents extracts of 10 varieties pomegranate peel were studied by using the plate diluting method.The results showed that the antimicrobial activity of methanol extract was the most potent.The antibacterial activity of pomegranate peel extract was more effective than the yeast-anti activity.The extract could hardly inhibit the growth of mildew.The methanol extract of 'Yichengruanzi' had the highest antibacterial activity in 10 tested varieties.The antibacterial activity of external tissue of peel was the highest.A preliminary test of chemical constituents in the methanol extract from pomegranate peel showed it contained flavones and its glucosides,alkaloids,phenol components,tannins,etc.


This paper is concerned with the problem of machine aided human language translation. It addresses a translation scenario where a human translator dictates the spoken language translation of a source language text into an automatic speech dictation system. The source language text in this scenario is also presented to a statistical machine translation system (SMT). The techniques presented in the paper assume that the optimum target language word string which is produced by the dictation system is modeled using the combined SMT and ASR statistical models. These techniques were evaluated on a speech corpus involving human translators dictating English language translations of French language text obtained from transcriptions of the proceedings of the Canadian House of Commons. It will be shown in the paper that the combined ASR/SMT modeling techniques described in the paper were able to reduce ASR WER by 26.6 percent relative to the WER of an ASR system that did not incorporate SMT knowledge.


A S Watson Group (ASW), its health and beauty retail arm commonly known as "Watsons" in Asia, traces its humble beginnings back to a matshed colonial apothecary shop called the Hong Kong Dispensary (the "Dispensary") when it was set up back in 1841. This book unlocks the secrets and transformations of ASW from a colonial chemist to the number three global player in health and beauty retailing. How was ASW able to pull through each and every global or national crisis it faced in the 180 years to emerge more robust and vibrant? In Part One of this book, Patrick vividly describes Watson's globalization journey over the past 180 years. He details how Watsons survived the waves of social unrest, civil wars, global financial turmoil, political crisis, and pandemics that confronted the world. One of the most exciting developments in this history took place from 1999 to 2006 when ASW achieved quantum leaps and consolidated its position as a leading global drug store chain under Wade's leadership. In Part Two of this book, Patrick analyzes the corporate management practices of Watson. He articulates Andrew Chi-Fai Chan's "Left-and-Right Circles" theory behind Ian Wade's branding strategy. He further draws upon Wade's other "Prosperity Strategies" in parallel with the "4+2" Formula" advocated by Nitin Nohria et al. Over the past fourteen years, the global market has undergone tremendous changes in China, Asia, and Europe. And with it, ASW has undertaken a pragmatic growth approach to dodge the headwinds of the subprime mortgage crisis, the Eurozone crisis, China-US decoupling, Brexit, and the recent COVID-19 pandemic. © 2022 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.


From the beginning of the Pentecostal Movement in 1906, Pentecostal meetings were plagued by what they labeled "counterfeit manifestations." These manifestations were creating negative consequences for the movement and Pentecostals needed a strategy that would identify and eradicate them from their meetings. Because Pentecostalism was in its infancy, it did not have a clear procedure to assist in identifying counterfeit manifestations, to determine how they operated, and/or who or what produced them. Over time they began to form assumptions regarding the operation of counterfeit manifestations and developed several strategies that they hoped would counteract their presence in meetings, one of which was the employment of the gift of discernment. This study identifies the negative consequences counterfeit manifestations brought to the Pentecostal Movement from 1906 to 1941, the strategies Pentecostals employed in conjunction with the gift of discernment in order to counteract the negative effects caused by counterfeit manifestations, and their attempts to articulate a theological understanding of the gift of discernment for early Pentecostalism. Classical Pentecostal Interpretation of the Gift of Discernment from 1914 to 1941 A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Graduate School of Theology Abilene Christian University In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in Modern and American Christianity


This paper deals with the advancements and problems involved in the study of strontium isotope geochemistry of surface waters in recent 30 years.The problems include how to use the isotopic compositions to explain the source of rocks,the global average level of Sr concentration and its isotopic composition in river water,and how to evaluate different sources of Sr in river water and different controlling factors affecting the Sr concentration and its isotopic composition in river water.In view of these problems which play an important role in the study of Sr in the future,the paper gave some suggestions to solve these problems:(1) the characteristics of Sr release and evolution regulation should be taken into consideration;.(2) to combine isotope geochemistry method and rain water chemistry to emend the contribution of Sr from atmosphere input and anthropogenic activities input;(3) to carry out research on the main drainage area,especially compared research on different geological and climatic background areas;(4) the research objects should include rain water,rock,soil,sediment and ground water,as well as different forms of Sr in river water.


Various technical innovations for the care sector, particularly robots, are being developed to cope with demographic change and to support nursing staff. A central issue for the successful integration of such technology into gerontological care practices has not yet been appropriately addressed from an HCI perspective. Here, we draw from observation of lifting devices, used to move residents between bed and chairs. We found that this process is always moderated and facilitated by caregivers' 'interaction work': The function(ing) of care technology is inseparable from the interactive practices of care staff enacting these functions and from the emotional labor inherent to care practice. The caregivers' verbal, manual and emotional actions, and also the residents' active cooperation in the process are important factors for safe, fluid, and pleasant human-machine interaction. We propose to understand such technical care settings as a triadic interaction, and to take account of this in the future design of care technologies, in particular for robotic solutions.


Synopsis We introduce a new approach for system optimization, named stochastic fuzzy neural network, which can be defined as a neurofuzzy system that is stochastically trained and can yield a 'quasi' optimal solution. The method intends to overcome some of the problems related to stochastic dynamic programming models. For validation, a real case of storage reservoir optimization with stochastic inflow discharge is considered. The SFNN model proved to show improvements in the optimization results. Moreover, to deal with the uncertainties related to discretization of inflows in finding the stochastic representative inflows, conditional probability of a fuzzy event is used.


We present a database of prescription drugs and international normalized ratio (INR) data and the applied methodology for its use to assess drug–drug interactions with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs). We use the putative interaction between VKAs and tramadol as a case study.


The matching complex of a graph is the simplicial complex whose vertex set is the set of edges of the graph with a face for each independent set of edges. In this paper we completely characterize the pairs (graph, matching complex) for which the matching complex is a homology manifold, with or without boundary. Except in dimension two, all of these manifolds are sphere or balls.


The ANITA experiment consists on an aerostatic balloon flying over Antarctica and carrying a payload with antennas. Although ANITA was designed to detect the electric field of netrino-induced showers in the ice cap, it has also detected 16 radio pulses coming from extensive air showers, and the ANITA collaboration has used these data to produce the first cosmic ray flux measurement obtained by employing radio as a stand-alone technique. We review the experimental results and its interpretation. We also focus on the simulations and the method used for obtaining the cosmic ray flux.


This paper shows how the conclusive contribution of Christian Leclere to the working out of the concept of "restructuring" throughout his work on "standard" vs "cross" structures then his work on the "ethic dative" gave way to an analysis of the formal properties of support structures. It also shows how these works gave the author while preparing his Ph D (1979), the idea of a relation between three groupes of communication verbs and two groups of movement verbs (Gross 1975) which enabled him, as from 1994, to work out his "Defining Matrix Analysis" model.


Due to its intricacy, path-finding is one of the most difficult optimization issues. As a result, evolutionary algorithms are favoured when it comes to finding viable solutions. However, when the number of control points and restrictions grows, computing a possible solution in a wider area consumes too much time. At this point, increasing the number of units to find a path collaterally decreases total execution time but adds to the problem's complexity. Therefore, this problem is NP-hard, and heuristic-based algorithms have been employed to tackle it effectively. In this study, we have used bidirectional versions of Dijkstra's, Weighted A*, and Greedy Best First Search Algorithms to find a path in a 26-neighbor 3D grid. We further discussed the efficiency obtained due to the use of two different data structures such as priority queue and priority queue based on min-heap to store the g-values.


In this paper we present a new approach for the planning of an investment project in the field of building construction. The focus is in shaping of the concept that serves to facilitate decision making about investments through providing support to investors' when they are dealing with a problem - selection of a solution for investment project. The concept is based on the combined use of several different criteria, conventional methods for the evaluation of investment projects and multicriteria methods (PROMETHEE and AHP). Selected criteria encompassed economic, social- administrative, construction-functional and spatial aspects of selection problem. The determining criteria weights process is carried out in two steps. In the first step the AHP method is used to obtain the primary weights. The second step allows interactive involvement of investor in the process of solution selection (an investor- subjective approach to the problem). Presented approach is tested on the planning of investment project in Croatia.


Background: Definition of neonatal hypoglycemia is still controversial. Objective: To find the effect of blood glucose (BG) levels in the first 3 days of life, on developmental outcome at 1 year in low birth weight neonates 50 mg%; other morbidities do determine their composite outcome.


Akamatsu, K., et al., "Synthesis and biodistribution study of liver-specific prostaglandin E1 polymeric conjugate", Inter national Journal of Pharmaceutics, p. 65-74, 1997. Akamatsu, K., et al., "Synthesis and biodistribution study of liver-specific prostaglandin E1 polymeric conjugate", Inter national Journal of Pharmaceutics, p. 65-74, 1997. * cited by examiner Primary Examiner-Christopher S. F. Low ASSistant Examiner David Lukton (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm Sughrue Mion, PLLC


Gadolinium‐doped barium cerate thin films have been grown on r‐plane (1102) sapphire and on silver foil substrates by single solid‐source metalorganic chemical vapor deposition using tetramethylheptanedionate mixed powder sources. The films have been deposited at 800 °C at a reduced pressure of 6 Torr. The bulk conductivity of the thin films, as measured by an alternating current impedance method, is close to that of sintered ceramic samples, and shows a similar hydrogen/deuterium isotope effect, providing evidence of protonic conduction.


From winter meeting of American Society of Mechanical Engineers; Detroit, Michigan, USA (11 Nov 1973). Tensile and stress-rupture tests were run on several products from a 90-ton heat of type 304 stainless steel. The yield stress of the products in the as-received condition varied from 26,500 to 57,200 psi at 75 deg F. There were significant differences between the strengths of various products and considerable variation for a single product due to nonuniform residual cold work. Reannealing 0.5 h at 2000 deg F resulted in yield stresses in the 25,000 to 27,000 psi range; only the properties of the hot- reduced tubing fell below this range. At a test temperature of 1100 deg F, the as-received products had yield stresses from 14,800 to 35,500 psi. Reannealing caused the yield stresses of all but three products to fall in the range 10,200 to 11,700 psi. Stress-rupture tests at 1100 deg F on the reannealed products did not reveal significant variation in properties. (auth)


Based on Dufwenberg and Kirchsteiger(2004)'s sequential reciprocity game model and employee's reciprocity psychology,this study constructs a two-stage sequential reciprocity model between managerial trustworthy behavior and employee's effort level.The model takes employee's reciprocal psychological income into account.And through model deducing,it gains a sequential game equilibrium solution between managerial trustworthy behavior and employee's effort level.This supports the incentive effect of managerial trustworthy behavior,which is also affected by employee's reciprocity sensitive coefficient.To put it specifically,when facing managerial trustworthy behavior,employees with higher reciprocity trend will exert higher effort level.Furthermore,this study also uses a simple instance to briefly illustrate the theoretical results.


The emerging market for alternative fuels is being driven for the first time by the combined factors of environmental concern and the favorable economics of natural gas vs. petroleum based fuels during the 1990s. This report presents the major issues facing marketers of natural gas as a transportation fuel safety, cost and supporting technology. Current low temperature fuel systems including fuel tanks, dispensers, fueling nozzles and supporting logistics have been fully commercialized for automotive applications. An integrated marketing strategy has been implemented to ensure favorable acceptance by potential customers in both the commercial and government fleet operations sector. Economic models have been developed which verify that liquefied natural gas "LNG" is a cost effective, environment friendly alternative fuel from well-head production and processing to end-use. The additional factors of Federal and State tax incentives for alternative fuels are also discussed.


Compatibility of indigenous Trichoderma viride (Tv-3), T. harzianum (Th-2) and T. piluliferum (Tp) was evaluated against fungicides, insecticides and plant extracts commonly used for crop protection. Of the five fungicides tested at 0.1 and 0.2 percent concentration, metalaxyl-M + mancozeb and mancozeb were compatible with growth of Trichoderma spp. while carbendazim, captan and propiconazole completely inhibited radial mycelial growth hence, where not compatible. Tv-3 show highest compatibility followed by Th-2 and Tp. Among insecticides evaluated at 0.1 and 0.2 percent concentration, imidacloprid showed little compatibility with isolates. But, chlorpyriphos, carbofuran and indoxacarb were highly incompatible. Th-2 has recorded highest compatibility with all treatments followed by Tp and least in Tv-3. Among botanicals, neem seedkernel extract(NSKE), Eucalyptus leaf extract and Pongamia leaf extract were compatible and nimbicidine and Prosophis leaf extract were inhibitory for growth of Tv-3 and Th-2. Prosophis leaf extract and NSKE were moderately compatible with Tp.


Introduction. Usage of aggressive conditions (solvents, high temperature, etc.) in a dosage form manufacturing can lead to a change in the properties of a pharmaceutical substance. Darunavir (D) amorphous and darunavir ethanolate (DE) crystalline both have poor solubility, ability to pseudopolymorphism and are sensitive to high temperatures.Aim. Study the effect of solvents and drying temperature on the physicochemical properties of D and DE substancesMaterials and methods. D (Mylan Laboratories Limited), DE (Mylan Laboratories Limited), D (reference standard) 99,9 % (MSN Pharmachem Private Limited). D and DE weighed quantity was suspended in one of the solvents via magnetic stirrer and was dried via universal oven. Powder X-ray diffraction of dried samples was carried out via automatic powder diffractometer. Using DSC thermal properties of the samples were studied. Crystalline samples were examined using IR spectroscopy. Identification of D and DE was performed by HPLC method.Results and discussion. This article summarizes study results of the investigation of various solvents and drying temperature influence on the physicochemical properties of D and DE are presented. The impact of solvent type and drying temperatures in physicochemical properties of the APIs was studied by X-ray powder diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, IR spectroscopy and HPLC methods. It was shown, that solvent type and drying temperatures can result in the presence of crystalline D solvates or amorphous D.Conclusion. To obtain the final drug containing as an API amorphous D, which perform better dissolution, one of the enlisted solvents can be used: dichloromethane, chloroform and heptane. In such case the intermediate product drying should be performed at not exceeding the solvent boiling point temperatures. In case of ethanol, methanol, acetone and tetrahydrofuran drying phase can be performed at temperatures, that are higher than melting points of obtained pseudopolymorphs. For the utilization of DE as an API only ethanol usage is efficient and drying temperature should not exceed 73.4 °C.


Abstract This article highlights a pattern of military adaptation and tactical problem-solving utilized by the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) while engaged in protracted conflict with the Lebanese militant group Hizballah. It discusses the IDF's recent attempts to institutionalize their historically intuitive process of ad-hoc learning by developing a formal tactical-level mechanism for 'knowledge management'. The diffusion of this battlefield lesson-learning system that originated at lower-levels of the organization is examined, as well as its implementation and effectiveness during the 2006 Lebanon War. A nuanced analysis of IDF adaptation illustrates the dynamic interplay between both 'top-down' and 'bottom-up' processes of military innovation.


Cutaneous horns are common lesions that: usually represent actinic keratoses, verrucae, seborrheic keratoses, and squamous cell carcinomas. We present a remarkable example of a sebaceous adenoma with cutaneous horn formation. The solitary lesion occurred over the left clavicle of a 71‐year‐old man without evidence of the Muir‐Torre syndrome. There have been only three previous reports of sebaceous tumors (one sebaceous adenoma and two sebaceous carcinomas) producing cutaneous horns, the latter of which are actually pseudohorns, exophytic extensions of tumor without hyperkeratosis.


On March 28,1979, an accident occurred at the Three Mile Island Unit 2 (TMI-2) nuclear reactor that had a dramatic impact on public perceptions about the potential hazards of nuclear power. The direct consequences to the health of the neighboring public were extremely small, but the belief that the consequences could have been much more severe reduced confidence in the nuclear industry's ability to build and operate plants and in the federal government's ability to regulate them safely. Not surprisingly, the accident also had a major effect on the regulatory agency, the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). Some aspects of the accident presented evidence of deficiencies in the existing regulatory process and in the regulations that control the design and operation of nuclear power plants. The group most affected by the accident, however, has been the nuclear industry. Utilities that own nuclear plants have been required to make costly modifications to existing units and those under construction. Furthermore, nuclear power plants, which at one time had appeared to be the most economic means of ensuring the availability of inexpensive power for projected future demands, were now recognized as potential economic liabilities. No new nuclear power plant has been ordered in the United States since 1978, and a number of plants under construction have been cancelled. One purpose of this article is to review what actually happened in the accident, as revealed by instrumentation at the time of the accident, by post accident analysis, and by data collected during the continuing recovery operation. The article provides a general description of the current physical


Antirepressors have been identified as proteins interacting with transcriptional repressors leading to expression of the repressed genes. The defective satellite phage/plasmid P4 has the capacity to derepress the unrelated prophage P2 after infection, thereby getting access to the late functions of the helper that are required for P4 lytic growth. The derepression of prophage P2 is mediated by the P4 E protein that function as an antirepressor by binding to the P2 immunity repressor C. A P2 mutant, sos, has been isolated that is insensitive to the action of the P4 E protein. In the present study, we show that sos is a point mutation in the P2 immunity repressor gene C and that it makes P4 E unable to turn the transcriptional switch of P2 from the lysogenic state to the lytic mode in a two plasmid reporter system. Furthermore, the interaction between C and E, when analysed in the yeast two‐hybrid system, is blocked by the sos mutation. An analysis of C mutants indicates that the dimerization function of C is located in the C‐terminal part of the protein and the dimerization defective mutants are unable to bind to their operator DNA. The sos mutation does not affect the capacity of the protein to dimerize. Using the yeast two‐hybrid system, compensatory E mutants have been isolated that can interact with Sos, but they are unable to turn the transcriptional switch controlled by the Sos repressor. However, one point mutation in the E protein is shown to be unable to turn the transcriptional switch controlled by the wild‐type C repressor.


Objective: To evaluate the value of streptavidin (SA)-modified quantum dots (QDs) combined with biotinylated folic acid (FA) in diagnostic imaging of ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells in vitro.Methods: SA was covalently conjugated to QDs by active ester method, and biotinylated FA was synthesized using the carrier polyamidoamine (PAMAM) (FA-PAMAM-biotin) by the same method. The fluorescent probe of SA-QDs combined with FA-PAMAM-biotin could preferentially target folate receptor (FR) of ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells which were identified as FR-positive cells. To verify the targeting specificity of this fluorescent probe, lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells with low expression of FR and the SKOV3 cells pretreated with FA were used as the controls. Simultaneously, the dual fluorescence amplification effect was verified by using the control fluorescent probe not containing the carrier PAMAM [FA-polyethylene glycol (PEG)-biotin combined with SA-QDs] or not mediated by biotin-avidin-system (FA-PAMAM-QDs).Results: The FR-positive SKOV3 cells specifically identified by using FA-PAMAM-biotin combined with SA-QDs had an average fluorescent intensity up to 114.92±2.87, which was significantly higher than those of the SKOV3 cells pretreated with FA followed by treatment with FA-PAMAM-biotin combined with SA-QDs (57.86±7.59) and the A549 cells treated with FA-PAMAM-biotin combined with SA-QDs (14.94±0.83) (both P < 0.000 1). The fluorescent intensity of SKOV3 cells labeled by FA-PAMAM-biotin combined with SA-QDs (120.89±3.80) was also higher than those of the SKOV3 cells labeled by FA-PEG-biotin combined with SA-QDs (77.50±2.43) and the cells labeled by FA-PAMAM-QDs (47.81±1.35) (both P < 0.000 1).Conclusion: FA-PAMAM-biotin combined with SA-QDs, which specifically targets FR in SKOV3 cells, may become a potential candidate with high specificity and sensitivity in early diagnosis of ovarian cancer. DOI:10.3781/j.issn.1000-7431.2015.11.425


Background: Neratinib is an irreversible pan-HER tyrosine kinase inhibitor. ExteNET, a randomized placebo-controlled phase III study, showed that neratinib given for 12 months after trastuzumab-based adjuvant therapy significantly improved 2-year (HR 0.67; 95% CI 0.50–0.91; p=0.0091) and 5-year (HR 0.73; 95% CI 0.57-0.92; p=0.008) iDFS in pts with early-stage HER2+ breast cancer. Anti-diarrheal prophylaxis was not mandated by protocol; grade 3/4 diarrhea occurred in 40% of pts with a median cumulative duration of 5 days. The phase II CONTROL study was initiated to investigate the effectiveness of various prophylactic regimens in the prevention of neratinib-associated diarrhea. Loperamide (L) alone or in combination with add-on agents targeting underlying inflammation [i.e. budesonide (BUD)] or bile acid malabsorption [i.e. colestipol (COL)] were tested. We report longitudinal HRQoL findings from both ExteNET and CONTROL. Methods: Pts with early-stage HER2+ breast cancer who had received trastuzumab-based adjuvant therapy were eligible for both studies. In ExteNET, pts received neratinib or placebo for 12 months. In CONTROL, pts received neratinib for 13 x 28-day cycles combined with L, L + BUD or L + COL for 1 or 2 cycles (see table for schedules). HRQoL was assessed using Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Breast (FACT-B), v4.0, at baseline, months 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 (ExteNET) or baseline, cycles 2, 4, 7, 10, 13 (CONTROL). Changes in scores from baseline were considered to be clinically meaningful if greater than the lowest estimate for an 9important difference9 (ID) reported in the literature. Evaluable pts were required to have HRQoL assessments at baseline and at least 1 post-baseline. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00878709 (ExteNET); NCT02400476 (CONTROL). Results: HRQoL findings are summarized in the table. Hospitalization rates due to diarrhea: 1.5% (neratinib + L), 0% (other cohorts) in CONTROL; and 1.4% (neratinib), 0.1% (placebo) in ExteNET. Conclusions: Adjuvant neratinib with or without anti-diarrheal prophylaxis was associated with small decreases in HRQoL. With the exception of the FACT-B PWB subscale, HRQoL changes did not reach clinically meaningful thresholds. Follow-up in CONTROL is ongoing. Citation Format: Delaloge S, Hurvitz S, Chan N, Bose R, Jankowitz RC, Thirlwell M, Lang I, ten Tije A, Trudeau M, Osborne CR, Shen Z-Z, Lalla D, Xu F, Hunt D, Olek E, Tripathy D, Rugo HS, Chien J, Chan A, Barcenas CH. The impact of neratinib with or without anti-diarrheal prophylaxis on health-related quality of life in HER2+ early-stage breast cancer: Analyses from the ExteNET and CONTROL trials [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-13-03.


communities were employed in the survey: A, an urban-industrial community; B, a rural-agricultural community; and C, a mountain community. The groupings, following the particular school organization in a general way, were: School A, Grades IV, V, VI; Grades VII, VIII; Grades IX, X, XI, XII. School B, Grades IV, V, VI; Grades VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII. School C, Grades IV, V, VI; Grades VII, VIII.


The management of operating rooms (ORs) is usually based on perceptions and is rarely supported by a structured framework for data analysis. This work shows how the medical and administrative informational flows and data sources about ORs already existing in hospitals can be organised and integrated in order to evaluate utilisation and productivity performances. The case of a large Italian hospital is considered. Future research efforts will be focused on the evolution of the proposed approach towards a monitoring system to be included in a business intelligence framework for healthcare organisations.


In this paper, we present a new robust directsequence spread-spectrum concept with integrated interference reduction capabilities to reduce mixed narrowband- and broadband-interference. It combines robustness in the presence of strong interference of unknown composition with implementation simplicity and spectral efficiency. This is achieved by combining a comparatively low processing gain direct-sequence spread-spectrum system with an efficient interference reduction technique based on a simple adaptive nonlinearity employed prior to spread-spectrum demodulation. Our reliable chip accumulation technique allows to combine spectral efficiency with interference reduction capabilities comparable to traditional military spread-spectrum systems, which typically rely on a huge processing gain that is not affordable in commercial bandwidth-limited applications.


The utility model provides a new species for clocks or watches, which is an ultra-thin clock or watch; the utility model is composed of a clock movement, an hour wheel, a minute wheel, a watch casing, a watch hand, etc. The diameter of the hour wheel and the diameter of the minute wheel are respectively longer than that of an hour hand; the clock movement is positioned on the outer edge of the hour wheel and the outer edge of the minute wheel; the hour wheel can be provided with the hour hand and can also indicate the position of the hour hand; the utility model can be directly used as a dial; the hour wheel and the minute wheel can be made of transparent materials. The structure changes the form that the traditional clock movement is arranged on the back of a dial; the external forms of clocks can be caused to change variously; when the transparent materials are adopted, the visual effect of non clock movement can be achieved with mystery and beautiful appearance; simultaneously the utility model can be used as the decoration for novel rooms.


Abstrack: This study uses a common phoneme people often used Bagan Siapi-api and public Pujud and research found significant variations in language in trems of greeting someone from one place to another with the pronounciation, intonation or words uttered by the speaker differences within the region. This research was conducted in Rokan Hilr precisely in Bagan Siapi-api and in the district Pujud. The method used in this research is descriptive and comparative method that aims to describe and compare the type of phonemes found in Riau Malay Language Dialect Rokan Hilir Subdialek Bagan Siapi-api and Subdialek Pujud and this study used a qualitative approach. The result of this study to obtain three types of phonemes with details as follows: (1) six vocal phonemes, (2) twenty consonant phonemes (3) nine phonemes diphthongs and as many as 256 data. Keyword: comparative, phonemes, riau malay language, rokan hilir


Network graphs are widely used to model a variety of real-world interactions. In such graphs, nodes do not have the same importance in the graph structure as a result of the graph's topological properties. This may have various implications concerning a network's behaviour as, for example, how different nodes operate (even a node's failure) may not have the same impact for the whole network. The differences in the structural properties of the nodes imply that each node has different importance, which, in turn, gives rise to the notion of importance inequality in a graph. This paper defines and addresses the problem of importance inequality minimization, which may be useful to achieve certain properties in a network. Given a network graph and an integer $k$, the problem aims to identify $k$ edges to connect non-adjacent nodes, in a way that minimizes the importance inequality of the graph. The paper provides a formal definition of the problem and proves its NP-hardness. Then, a naive greedy method is proposed, which is enhanced by heuristics that make its use practical. Experiments using 8 real-world networks are conducted to evaluate the proposed methods in terms of effectiveness and efficiency.


Photoluminescence was observed from pure perovskite lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO3) single crystals grown with a floating-zone method in reduced atmosphere. Emission was composed of a fast ultraviolet (UV) component and a broad visible emission with a lifetime of 13 μs. From the lifetime measurement, absorption spectra, excitation spectrum, and comparison between samples as-grown and annealed in oxygen, we assigned the UV emission to band-to-band emission or emission from polaron pairs. The visible component was assigned to emission from the excited state formed at oxygen defect sites. These emissions demonstrate the possibility of light-emitting devices made of perovskite oxides.


COVID-19 presents severely in persons with immunocompromised states such as diabetes mellitus. Steroids are used in the management of COVID-19. The use of steroids in immunocompromised persons increases the chances of opportunistic infections. Mucormycosis infects immunocompromised individuals. The aim of this systemic review was to study the clinico-epidemiological features of mucormycosis in patients of COVID-19. PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched for "mucormycosis", "COVID-19", and "SARS-Cov 2". A total of 30 studies were included in this study, which included 22 case reports and 8 original articles. The median age of patients was 54.80 years; 79.56% (74/93) were diabetic. Steroid administration history was present in 74.19% (69/93) of patients. Rhino-orbital mucormycosis constituted 46.98% (39/83) of the cases, rhino-orbital-cerebral type in 37.35% (31/83) cases, pulmonary mucormycosis in 10.84% (9/83) cases, 1 case of gastric mucormycosis, 1 case of cutaneous mucormycosis, 1 case of palatal mucormycosis, and 1 case of disseminated mucormycosis. The median duration of presentation of mucormycosis was 14 days after hospital admission. The total number of deaths was reported in 32.26% (30/93) of the cases. The most common species found was Rhizopus, and amphotericin B was the most common antifungal administered. The COVID-19 pandemic is creating a massive pool of susceptible patients having poorly controlled diabetes mellitus and receiving steroids for COVID-19 management, thus creating an unholy alliance with mucormycosis. Mucormycosis started as a new epidemic in India, which is an otherwise rare opportunistic fungal infection.


This paper identifies issues to consider when designing the structure, size, and composition of the governing boards and management of a central bank. While central bank autonomy and accountability are generally accepted as good practice, there is less consensus regarding the structure, size, and composition of the governing bodies. This paper surveys 101 central bank laws covering 113 countries and classifies the governance structure according to degree of autonomy, functions performed, size, composition, appointment procedures, and terms of the members. The paper concludes that an appropriate balance must be struck between the functions of the governing entities, simplicity, and country specific factors. The functions of the various bodies follow logically if a greater appreciation exists for the type of autonomy delegated to the central bank.


The effectiveness of a school-based, cogni(Vaux & Ruggiero, 1983), suicide and tive stress management intervention prodepression (Crook & Raskin, 1975), and gram was examined. Participating youths chronic illness (Johnson, 1986). When daily showed significant improvement on a stressors occur in combination or when variety of emotional arousal measures. developmental changes and major stress The impact of adolescent stress on events occur simultaneously, then the psychological and physical health has negative impact on youths seems to in received considerable attention (Colten & crease (Compas, Davis, & Forsythe, 1985; Gore, 1991). Stressors for adolescents apJohnson, 1986; Petersen, Kennedy, & pear in various forms including Sullivan, 1991). catastrophic events, personal loss, daily agThose adolescents who make cognitive gravations, and normal developmental an(j behavioral coping attempts to reduce transitions (Colten & Gore, 1991; Johnson, stress reactions and emotional arousal ap 1986). The occurrence of these stressful pear capable of decreasing the negative im events has been associated with pact of a variety of stressful events (Corn psychological and health problems in paS/ Malcarne/ & Fondacaro, 1988). The adolescence such as anxiety (Johnson & acquisition of coping strategies by adoles McCutcheon, 1980), delinquent behavior cents seems critkal t0 their efiorts to


This information technology has been progressing very very rapidly, and
developments more or less positive impact. One of them in facilitating
information which is interesting and not boring to be understood, in this fishery
environment can also be used as the application of information technology. Such
as creating a website which contains information eel eels and eel as well as how
to cultivate proficiency level in these eels introduced into business expansion.
Therefore, the purpose of making this site is the existence of the forum is
expected to facilitate more businesses to mutually interactive with each other
and for common people as a first step to make efforts to farm eels through
information on the information provided within this website. The device used in
the manufacture phase of the program is Macromedia Dreamweaver MX, PHP
and MySQL for web-based application creation tool.


1 Guinea‐pig gastric mucosal cells isolated by collagenase and pronase digestion were used to study the release of prostanoids prostaglandin I2 (PGI2; measured as 6‐keto PGF1α), PGE2, PGF2α and thromboxane A2 (TXA2; measured as TXB2). Lysophosphatide acyltransferase (LAT) and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) were measured in the microsomal fraction of isolated but not separated gastric cells and isolated and enriched parietal and mucous cells. 2 In all cell preparations PLA2 activity was approximately 5 times higher than that of LAT. 3 Acid‐activated omeprazole inhibited LAT in a concentration‐dependent manner with similar IC50 values in gastric, parietal and mucous cells. It had no effect on PLA2. 4 Gastric cells constantly produced PGI2, PGE2, PGF2α and TXA2. The main prostaglandins released were PGI2 and PGE2. PGF2α and TXA2 were released in smaller quantities. 5 Omeprazole dissolved in polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG) pH 2 inhibited spontaneous PGI2 release in a concentration‐dependent manner with an IC50 of 14.3 ± 4.8 μm. Only concentrations as high as 100 μm produced a significant reduction in PGE2 release by 60%. No significant changes could be detected in the spontaneous release of PGF2α and TXA2. 6 Omeprazole dissolved in PEG pH 7 had no effect on PGI2 release except at 100 μm which led to an insignificant decrease by 40%. 7 These data suggest that omeprazole beyond its inhibitory effect on parietal cell K+/H+‐ATPase also affects gastric mucosal prostanoid formation and release. The inhibitory effect on PGI2 does not support the view that omeprazole protects the gastric mucosa by increasing prostanoid formation.


It has been noted that the information on magnetic properties of specific magnets available in the design and operation of magnetic separators/analyzers using magnetic fillers in the form of balls as the working body (polygradient type) is extremely limited, especially for magnets with varying sphericity coefficients (mutual ratios of characteristic sizes). Experiments using cylindrical samples (porous) as a ferromagnetic matrix rendered the induction data subsequently applied to establish the magnetic permeability, susceptibility, and magnetization values for the samples at various values of the length-todiameter ratio of φ = 1–16. The demagnetizing factor N was obtained and analyzed for the «short» samples (1 ≤ φ [φ]) in the range of magnetizing field strengths of 9–47 kA/m, taking into account the established transient value of φ = [φ] = 10–12 (when, at φ ≥ [φ], the magnetic properties of the sample correspond to the magnetic properties of its quasi-solid material). The analysis results for these data, required when assessing the actual magnetic properties of «short» working bodies, characteristic of polygradient magnetic separators/ analyzers, demonstrate the validity of the exponential dependence (decreasing with increasing) of their demagnetizing factor. The research was carried out with the financial support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation within the framework of the State Assignment in the field of science (project No. 0706-2020-0024) and of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and the Royal Society of London under research project No. 20-52-10006.


Ocean tidal signals appear in many geophysical measurements. Geophysicists need realistic tidal models to aid in interpretation of their data. Because of the closeness to resonance of dissipa‐tionless ocean tides, it is difficult for numerical models to correctly represent the actual open ocean tide. As an approximate solution to this problem, test functions derived by solving Laplace's Tidal Equations with ocean loading and self gravitation are used as a basis for least squares dynamic interpolation of coastal and island tidal data for the constituents M2, S2, and K1. The resulting representations of the global tide are stable over at least a ±5% variation in the mean depth of the model basin, and they conserve mass. The paper presents maps of the geocentric tide, the induced free space potential, the induced vertical component of the solid earth tide, and the induced vertical component of the gravitational field for each constituent.


A number of issues of policy are emerging in co-operative development in India. One of these is the problem arising out of the concept of the crop loan and its definition and implementation. It should be noted that the crop loan emerged as a device which take co-operative credit a step beyond the stage which it had reached previously. At the earlier stage, whether explicitly related to the value of owned land or not, the credit of a cultivator depended largely on his real assets and the loan was made for a twelve-month period and was renewable. There was no explicit linking of the loan or its size to the purpose of utilisation; also fairly severe limits on loans to individuals and to societies as a whole were laid down. The result, almost universally, was that in no case could the credit extended by co-operative societies to an individual member serve his needs fully. The co-operative credit system could not, in the circumstances, hope to replace, even theoretically, the moneylender-trader system.


During the routine investigation of the E and F regions of the ionosphere, it was found that the supposed ground wave was undergoing severe fluctuations. This phenomenon pointed to reflections from regions at low atmospheric heights. In order to separate these reflections from the ground wave, it was necessary to design a device for producing very short pulses and to make a rapid sweep for the oscilloscope. A positively synchronized thyratron modulator instrument gave a regular succession of pulses each lasting for four microseconds. The receiving antenna was in the form of a loop rotatable about both the horizontal and vertical axes. This permitted a weakening of the ground wave, thus producing better resolution of the received pulses. The short pulse receiver consisted of three stages of radio-frequency amplification and a detector operated from a 110-volt alternating-current circuit. A voltage limiting arrangement on the oscilloscope gave a maximum velocity synchronized sweep of 9000 inches per second. With this equipment, several stratified layers from one to 12 kilometers high were discovered, with occasional echoes from 15 to 65 kilometers. Frequencies of 1614, 2398, and 3492.5 kilocycles were used.


English and Chinese mule and female names have their own phonetic rhetorical characteristics.The paper re- veals that the names are more symbols of social,historical and cultural factors rather than labels for human identity.The phonetic study of names is one of the important factors in names study.


Two broad classes of adaptive control algorithms can be found in the literature: i) stability based, with minimal assumptions on the plant; ii) performance based, with relatively more stringent assumptions on the plant. This paper proposes a solution, referred to as Stability Overlay (SO), to enable stability guarantees in performance based algorithms. In our methodology, the performance based adaptive control laws are only responsible for designating the controller that should be selected; the SO decides whether this controller should or not be used, based upon its most recent history of utilization. We argue that using two algorithms in parallel — the SO for stability purposes and any other suitable for the performance requirements — leads to higher levels of performance while guaranteeing stability of the adaptive closed-loop for bounded (but unknown) disturbances. The SO methodology is applicable to both time-invariant and time-varying, nonlinear and linear systems. However, due to space limitations, we only consider linear time-invariant (LTI) plants in this paper. The theory is illustrated with an example.


HCN was isolated in solid argon matrices in molar ratios of 1:200 to 1:15. Inelastic neutron scattering was recorded with an incident energy of 38 meV. The data sets were converted to densities of states. A normal coordinate analysis based on infrared and far infrared data of dimers and higher aggregates allowed to calculate the density of states of the transverse phonons of linear HCN‐chains and to assign the observed neutron spectra to these modes. Inelastic neutron scattering (INS)and far infrared (FIR) spectra were also recorded from samples of pure HCN, which were either vapor deposited or frozen from the liquid. In the INS spectra a characteristic feature appeared, which shifted from 140 cm−1 at 6 K to 120 cm−1 at 200 K. In the vapor deposited samples it is essentially broadened as compared to HCN frozen from the liquid. Evidently the vapor deposition is related to an increased degree of disorder in the solid. Apart from this observation, the INS spectra do not reflect any major influence of the pre...


The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the levels concentrate of the diet on meat quality of no castrated male kid Saanen goats. Fifteen male goat with initial 16 ± 0.3 kg BW and four months old were fed diets formulated with 80, 65 e 50 of concentrate up to the animals reached a final a 22 kg BW. The rations were formulated to promote a weight gain of 150g/anim.day. Centesimal composition, colour, texture, lipid and volatile components profile were evaluated in fifteen goat shoulders. The concentrate and forage levels used in the feeding of male kid Saanen goats did not influenced the chemical and physical-chemical parameters of humidity, ashes, proteins, cholesterol, phospholipids, pH, Aw, a*, b*, L* of goat meat. However, the concentration of fat, the percentages of unsaturated fatty acid (mono and poly) and the texture of meat were affected by the used concentrate levels. In both qualitative and quantitative of volatile components analysis, the extract of the goat meat fed with 50% of concentrate showed better aromatic quality. The use of 50:50 forage to concentre ratio was most viable for the feeding male kid Saanen goats slaughtered at 22 kg BW, considering both the aspects of reducing cost of production and chemical and aromatic quality of the produced goat meat.


ABSTRACT In this paper, the synthesis, antiproliferative activity in vitro and structure–activity relationship of N-methylated 2-benzimidazoles related to 2,3-acrylonitriles and benzimidazo [1,2-a]quinolines bearing halogeno or amino substituent is described. Amino-substituted N-methylated benzimidazo[1,2-a]quinolines were prepared by using microwave-assisted amination from corresponding halogeno-substituted precursors. All newly prepared compounds were tested against tree human cancer cells to assess their antiproliferative activity in vitro. Compounds 4a and 4b display certain selective activity against MCF-7 cells together with the N,N-dimethylamino-substituted derivative 4e with IC50 0.4 µM. Cyclic derivatives 7a, 7b, and 8 were more active with IC50 in micromolar range of concentrations but without any selectivity among tested cells. Among the most active compounds, 2-amino-substituted derivatives 9a and 9b were also selective against HCT116 cells with IC50 values 0.2 µM and 0.4 µM, respectively. The influence of compounds 9a and 9b on the cell cycle of HCT 116 revealed that both compounds induced a strong reduction of the percentage of cells in S phase, along with the induction of cell death.


System engineering is one of the most important research topics in railway system for developing new railway system or improving existed system. The system engineering methods have been applied to innovate railway system. The system engineering activities, which are requirement analysis, functional analysis, system synthesis and analysis, sometimes requires longtime and tiresome works to fix some ideas level into some concrete forms. The system engineering using objected oriented method relieves the hard works of system engineering and clarifies the system engineering objects from its ambiguities. In this paper, we presented requirement model, analysis model and design model using objected oriented approach and showed the consistency of the system engineering work with an example of Automatic Train Control System.


ABSTRACT
Schwannomas are usually benign, rare, and slow-growing nerve sheath tumor composed of Schwann cells. They develop in the head and neck area in approximately 25% to 40% of cases, of which 1% in the oral cavity, where the tongue remains the preferred site. Malignant transformation occurs in approximately 8% to 10% cases. We report a unique case of a histologically proven FDG-avid schwannoma of the left mobile portion of the tongue, showing an 18F-FDG avidity on PET/CT, which was a false-positive result for local recurrence in a patient followed for squamous cell carcinoma.


Objective: Characterize the new cases of late diagnoses in people with HIV/AIDS, and possible failure of prevention in the Health Primary Assistance, in Moron, from 1986 to 2011. Method: A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out, the information was obtained from the national data base of VIH/AIDS cases in the Ministry of Public Health. Results and Discussion: Between 54 of the new cases, 10 were late diagnoses, it represent the 18,5%, increasing the cases from the year 2000, with small amount in 2004, 2008 and 2011, affecting more the 26-30 age group (5,8%) and more than 60 years old (3,7%). The south health area was the one with more number of cases (60%), and the South Popular council (40%); the masculine sex was the most affected (80%) and within them, men who have sex with men 70%. The most important symptoms were loss of appetite and fever (90%). As main entities, lymphoma represent the 40%, following by the Cryptococcosis with 30%. 30% died, 20% of them in the year 2005, and 10% in the year 2003. There is a 70% of survival, the 60% less than 1 year (diagnosis of the last year), and 10%, between 11 and 15 years. Conclusions: Problems with the work of Health Primary Assistance were detected with regard to the functioning of the National Program of Prevention the Sexually Transmitted InfectionsHIV/AIDS.


The Jordan River is a 58 mile, 4 th order system that begins in Utah Lake and flows north to the Great Salt Lake. An overabundance of nutrients and organic matter has led to depleted oxygen levels in the river which threaten in-stream ecosystems as well as wetland ecosystems of the Great Salt Lake directly downstream. Nitrogen (N) is one of the key nutrients contributing to the eutrophication problem. The Jordan River has a multitude of sources contributing to its N load, including three water reclamation facilities (WRF) which discharge effluent into the river system. In order to quantify the spatial variability in N forms and loads, we sampled the Jordan River system in 25 locations during May, August, and October of 2016. Samples were taken above and below each WRF, within each facility outfall, and along an intensively sampled reach (every ~2km). Water samples were analyzed for nitrate (NO 3 - ), ammonium (NH 4 + ), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and chloride (Cl - ).  Isotopic signatures of in-stream NO 3 - were obtained for I´ 15 N NO3 (‰) and I´ 18 O NO3 (‰). Discharge measurements were made at each sampling location. Through these measurements we intend to quantify the contributions of each WRF to the Jordan River's N load as well as characterize the dominate in-stream N processes. We hypothesized that high NO 3 - concentrations and low dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations in the river would facilitate in-stream denitrification, potentially reducing the N load with distance downstream. Preliminary results show the Jordan River's N load is predominately sourced from wastewater, with some WRFs contributing a daily N load greater than the N load found in the river directly upstream of the facility. While characterizing the N transformation trends and microbial activities present in the Jordan River will require further analysis, results from May 2016 suggest the effects of in-stream denitrification are not significant enough to substantially reduce the river's N load.


Winner of the New England Book Award for Fiction and a "New York Times" Editors Choice, Lily King s masterful third novel received glowing critical praise upon its initial publication and is poised to make an even bigger splash in paperback. Gardiner Amory is a New England WASP who s beginning to feel the cracks in his empire. Nixon is being impeached, his wife is leaving him, and his worldview is rapidly becoming outdated. His daughter, Daley, has spent the first eleven years of her life negotiating her parents conflicting worlds: the liberal, socially committed realm of her mother and the conservative, decadent, liquor-soaked life of her father. But when they divorce, and Gardiner s basest impulses are unleashed, the chasm quickly widens and Daley is stretched thinly across it. As she reaches adulthood, Daley rejects the narrow world that nourished her father s fears and prejudices, and embarks on her own lifeuntil he hits rock bottom. Lured home by the dream of getting her father sober, Daley risks everything she s found beyond him, including her new love, Jonathan, in an attempt to repair a trust broken years ago."


To study the relation between some antioxidant enzy mes activity and drought stress tolerance in advanc e lentil cultivars, 10 advanced lentil lines were cultivated in randomized complete block design in 3 replicati ons in two conditions of full irrigation and moisture stress i2011 in Ardabil IAU Research Farm. In the full irrigation condition, plants were watered through leaking meth od as needed. In moisture stress condition, one sta ge irrigation was carried out in spring (during planting) and sub sequent to flowering stage, movable plastic covers were used to prevent rain from reaching the crops. During 10, 20 and 30 days after reproduction stage, samples were prepared from both normal and drought conditions. Subsequent ly, ascorbate peroxidase was extracted through Sair am et al. method and measured by Nakano and Asada method. Res ults suggested that over time and by the increase i intensity, superoxide dismutase activity increases extensively, which is in accordance with some resea rches and in conflict with some other. Genotypes 2 and 8 had the highest superoxide dismutase activity and stood in class A, which were selected as the most tolerant genotypes based on tolerance indices and sensitivity to draug ht.


The inclusion relation and the order relation are two distinct ideas in interval analysis. Convexity and nonconvexity create a significant link with different sorts of inequalities under the inclusion relation. For many classes of convex and nonconvex functions, many works have been devoted to constructing and refining classical inequalities. However, it is generally known that log-convex functions play a significant role in convex theory since they allow us to deduce more precise inequalities than convex functions. Because the idea of log convexity is so important, we used fuzzy order relation $\left(\preceq \right)$ to establish various discrete Jensen and Schur, and Hermite-Hadamard (H-H) integral inequality for log convex fuzzy interval-valued functions (L-convex F-I-V-Fs). Some nontrivial instances are also offered to bolster our findings. Furthermore, we show that our conclusions include as special instances some of the well-known inequalities for L-convex F-I-V-Fs and their variant forms. Furthermore, we show that our conclusions include as special instances some of the well-known inequalities for L-convex F-I-V-Fs and their variant forms. These results and different approaches may open new directions for fuzzy optimization problems, modeling, and interval-valued functions.


This thesis describes studies surrounding a ligand-gated ion channel (LGIC): the serotonin type 3A receptor (5-HT3AR). Structure-function experiments using unnatural amino acid mutagenesis are described, as well as experiments on the methodology of unnatural amino acid mutagenesis. Chapter 1 introduces LGICs, experimental methods, and an overview of the unnatural amino acid mutagenesis. In Chapter 2, the binding orientation of the clinically available drugs ondansetron and granisetron within 5-HT3A is determined through a combination of unnatural amino acid mutagenesis and an inhibition based assay. A cation-π interaction is found for both ondansetron and granisetron with a specific tryptophan residue (Trp183, TrpB) of the mouse 5-HT3AR, which establishes a binding orientation for these drugs. In Chapter 3, further studies were performed with ondansetron and granisetron with 5-HT3A. The primary determinant of binding for these drugs was determined to not include interactions with a specific tyrosine residue (Tyr234, TyrC2). In completing these studies, evidence supporting a cation-π interaction of a synthetic agonist, meta-chlorophenylbiguanide, was found with TyrC2. In Chapter 4, a direct chemical acylation strategy was implemented to prepare full-length suppressor tRNA mediated by lanthanum(III) and amino acid phosphate esters. The derived aminoacyl-tRNA is shown to be translationally competent in Xenopus oocytes. Appendix A.1 gives details of a pharmacological method for determining the equilibrium dissociation constant, KB, of a competitive antagonist with a receptor, known as Schild analysis. Appendix A.2 describes an examination of the inhibitory activity of new chemical analogs of the 5-HT3A antagonist ondansetron. Appendix A.3 reports an organic synthesis of an intermediate for a new unnatural amino acid. Appendix A.4 covers an additional methodological examination for the preparation of amino-acyl tRNA.


Pulsed power application has emerged to become an important technology in today's industry beyond defense sectors, although historically the applications included particle acceleration, imploding plasmas and related. Pulsed power refers to the technology where a steady accumulation of energy followed by its rapid release, results in the delivery of a large amount of instantaneous power over a very short period of time. By releasing the stored energy over a very short interval a huge amount of peak power can be delivered to a load. The focus of this paper is on the pulsed power applications to process industry and environment; which include processing of fruit juices, beverages and dairy products along with water treatment and alleviation of air pollution problems.


Latex based on fluoroacrylate (TAN) and other comonomers was prepared via miniemulsion polymerization in the presence of stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (STAC) and 2, 2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (ABAP) as a water soluble initiator. Light transmittance studies demonstrated that the light transmittance of prepared emulsions increases with the amount of TAN, STAC, cosolvent DPM, and hydrophobe DM. Given suitable reaction temperature and quantities of TAN, STAC, DPM, and DM, a copolymer emulsion of fluoroacylate with a particle size of 50 nm was produced. The water repellency tested on polyester fabrics displayed greater effectiveness than that of commercial products with higher fluorine content. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 1466–1472, 2004


The combination of cytoreductive surgery (CS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is the treatment of choice for selected patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) of colorectal origin. However, it remains to be proven whether the addition of HIPEC to CS is essential for the reported survival benefit.


In the main result of this paper we prove that a codimension one foliation of $\mathbb{P}^n$, which is locally a product near every point of some codimension two component of the singular set, has a Kupka component. In particular, we obtain a generalization of a known result of Calvo Andrade and Brunella about foliations with a Kupka component.


(57) Abstract: iron-binding polymers for reducing iron absorption from the stomach digestive tract is provided. This polymer is administered orally, it is useful in the treatment of disorders due to iron loading excessive. Poly (dialkylaminoalkyl acrylamide), poly (vinyl amines), poly (ethylene imine) and polymers with di- and trialkyl amine group repeats are iron-binding of the present invention (co) - constitute a class of polymers.


A man was admitted to the hospital for acute gallbladder infection. During the postsurgery period, he had a high digestive hemorrhage and an intra-abdominal infection with much wound drainage, sepsis, and fever. He was treated with Tazocel® (piperacillin 4 g, tazobactam 0.5 g; Lederle, Madrid, Spain), Datracin® (vancomycin), Nolotil® (metamizole), Zantac® (ranitidine), Losec® (omeprazole), and Maalox® (aluminum hydroxide with magnesium). On day 14 of treatment with these drugs, the patient suffered a generalized and diffuse maculopapular itchy skin eruption, and eosinophilia of 47% could be observed in his blood. His physicians replaced Tazocel with tobramycin and clindamycin and started treatment with oral antihistamines. Four days later, as the symptoms and fever remained, the patient was examined by a dermatologist, who diagnosed a toxic reaction. Vancomycin was stopped, but the cutaneous reaction persisted for another 11 days. Treatment with corticosteroids was then started, with progressive improvement of symptoms and development of itchy, scaling dermatitis. The patient was completely asymptomatic within 1 month and eosinophilia had disappeared from his blood by then.


Time constant/volume relationship of passive expiration in mechanically ventilated ARDS patients. J. Guttmann, L. Eberhard, B. Fabry, W. Bertschmann, J. Zeravik, M. Adolph, J. Eckart, G. Wolff. ERS Journals Ltd 1995. ABSTRACT: Since the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) lung is known to be inhomogeneous, one could expect an uneven distribution of expiratory time constant during uninterrupted mechanical ventilation. We investigated the time constant/volume relationship of passive expiration, and their modification by exter- nal resistive elements. In 12 paralysed intubated ARDS patients, we determined the expiratory time con- stant (τE) as a function of the expired volume (VE) during uninterrupted mechani- cal ventilation. Mean expiratory time was 2.9±0.3s (±SD). VE was divided into five equal volume slices (portions) and a mean τE calculated from the expiratory tidal volume/flow curve for each slice. The mean values of τE for each volume slice did not differ significantly through- out expiration, averaging 690±218 ms (mean±SD of five slices and 12 patients). We show that the flow-dependent resistance of the endotracheal tube (RETT) is mainly responsible for the observed time constant homogeneity. We conclude that in ARDS patients during uninterrupted mechanical ventilation the time constants of passive expiration are markedly modified by the flow-depen- dent resistance of the endotracheal tube (RETT), and also by the external resistance of tubing and ventilator (REX). RETT and REX render τE about three times larger than the time constant of the patient's respiratory system alone.


WAYS TO MODIFY THE TERZAGHI AND PECK METHOD FOR ESTIMATING THE SETTLEMENT OF SPREAD FOOTINGS FOUNDED ON SANDS ARE EXAMINED. THE AUTHORS INCLUDE THE EVALUATION OF THE RELATIVE DENSITY OF SAND FOUNDATIONS BY THE STANDARD SPLIT-BARREL PENETRATION TEST UTILIZING THE EFFECT OF OVERBURDEN PRESSURES. THE WRITERS' PREFER TO REGARD THIS IN TERMS OF INTERPRETATION OF THE RELATIVE DENSITY OF SANDS UNDER VARIOUS OVERBURDEN PRESSURES FROM PENETRATION TEST DATA, RATHER THAN A CORRECTION AS EXPRESSED BY THE AUTHORS AND DISCUSSERS. EXPERIENCE ON BUREAU OF RECLAMATION PROJECTS DURING THE LAST 15 YEARS HAVE PROVIDED CONFIDENCE IN THE APPLICABILITY OF THE PROCEDURE. PENETRATION TEST RESULTS MUST BE LOOKED AT FROM THE STANDPOINT OF AVERAGE VALUES AND RANGE OF VALUES. THE WRITER FEELS THAT A CORRELATION WHICH IS CLOSE TO AVERAGE TRENDS OF PENETRATION RESISTANCE AND RELATIVE DENSITY IS MOST USEFUL. CHANGES OF OVERBURDEN PRESSURE WITH RESPECT TO DEPTH IS A NECESSARY CONSIDERATION. HOLTZ AND GIBBS CONCLUDE THAT A GENERAL CORRELATION SHOULD BE AN AVERAGE REPRESENTATION FOR A BROAD VARIETY OF USES. PECK AND BAZARAA DISCUSS THE PENETRATION TEST METHODS. THEY DISCUSS THE CORRECTION OF N VALUES FOR THE EFFECT OF OVERBURDEN PRESSURES USED BY THE AUTHORS. THEY CRITICIZE THE HOLTZ AND GIBBS CORRECTION AS BEING UNREALISTIC AND INTRODUCING AN INHERRENT INCONSISTENCY INTO THE PROCEDURES. A METHOD OF IMPROVING THE GIBBS AND HOLTZ CORRECTION IS INTRODUCED. THE WRITER SUGGESTS THAT THE N VALUES SHOULD BE CORRECTED FOR THE EFFECT OF OVERBURDEN PRESSURE, PREFERABLY BY BAZARAA'S MODIFICATION OF THE GIBBS AND HOLTZ PROCEDURES. THE CORRECTED N VALUES SHOULD THAN BE INSERTED INTO THE TERZAGHI-PECK CHART TO DETERMINE THE SETTLEMENT BY THE STANDARD SPLIT-BARREL PENETRATION TEST. BOLOGNESI DISCUSSES SETTLEMENTS PREDICTIONS FROM PLATE LOAD TESTS AND THE INFLUENCE OF THE WATER TABLE ON THE SETTLEMENT OF FOUNDA- TIONS. A FIGURE IS PRESENTED WHICH SHOWS ALL THE POSSIBILITIES AND LIMITATIONS OF THE PROPOSAL THAT, ON FIRST LOADING, THE TANGENT MODULUS OF DEFORMATION OF SANDS IS A FUNCTION OF THE STRESS CONDITIONS. THE ANALYSIS PRESENTED SHOWS THAT THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTOR TO BE TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION WHILE EXTRAPOLATING SETTLEMENTS FROM A STANDARD SIZE PLATE TO THE SETTLEMENT OF A PROTOTYPE FOOTING IS THE PRECONSOLIDATION PRESSURE, OR PRECONSOLIDATION-LIKE EFFECTS. REFERENCES: SETTLEMENT OF SPREAD FOOTINGS ON SAND, DAVID J. D'APPOLONIA, ELIO D'APPOLONIA, AND RICHARD F. BRISSETTE, ASCE PROC. PAPER 5959, MAY 1968.


There are a lot of cases about the governance failure of listed companies, and deep reasons for it deserve careful consideration. This paper uses Logit-Binary choice model to explore the causes for governance failure from the aspects of shareholder structure, incentives for senior management and board governance. The regression model fits well. It is found that each of the state-owned shareholding proportion, or law-person shareholding proportion, is negative to the governance effect, whereas society circulating shareholding proportion is positive to the governance effect; the proportion of executive directors is positive to the probability of governance failure remarkably, but other variables about executive board have no notable correlation. In conclusion, the listed companies in China can reduce the probability of governance failure by arranging the shareholding structure reasonably, and the building of board needs to be reformed to enable the operation and management of board to play a more effective role in corporate governance.


Law No. 2 of 2002 on the Police covers the maintenance of public order and safety, order and the rule of law. However, the efforts of the police in combating gambling not reduce gambling in the city of Padang, because there are many gambling and gambling conducted the community conducted a hidden and rarely known by the police, then the efforts of non-penal is a preventive measure taken by the police before gambling grown widely. Problems to be addressed are: (1) How can the non-penal efforts undertaken by the Police of Padang in combating the crime of gambling? (2) Are the constraints found Padang Police in combating the crime of gambling through the efforts of non penal? This study used socia legal approach, and used primary and secondary. Data collected by interview  onservation and documentary study. Data were analyzed qualitatively. Conclusions of the study: (1) The efforts gambling through non-penal namely: supervision rigorous, Doing appeal to the public, Reactivate siskamling, Cooperating with community and religious leaders in the form of socialization in mosques and lectures and Socialization through media banners (2 ) Obstacles Faced ie legal culture of society does not support, lack of community participation, lack of cost, infrastructure of the police, Form gambling is surreptitious, participants in the gambling always moving, and the existence of rogue police who provide information on the operation by the Police. Keywords : Effort , Non Penal , Police , Gambling


ABSTRACT: Previous rankings of accounting literature have largely ignored the subtopic of accounting education research. Given the important role that rankings play in creating incentives and bench...


On July 4, 1997, Mars Pathfinder landed safely on the surface of Mars. Designed under the new "faster, cheaper, and better" Discovery program philosophy, the lander deployed and navigated a small rover named "Sojourner" onto the Ares Valles landing site and began collecting data from its onboard scientific instruments. Pathfinder was designed primarily as an entry, descent and landing demonstration. The three major components are cruise stage entry decent sub system, and lander. Pathfinder returned 2.3 billion bits of new data, including over 17,000 images, 16 chemical analyses of rocks and soil, and 8.5 million individual temperature, pressure and wind measurements. Sojourner traversed approximately 100 meters (330 feet) clockwise around the lander exploring about 200 square meters (2,153 square feet) of area.

Pathfinder' objectives were to study geologic process, soil mechanics, petrology, geochemistry, and orbital dynamics, among others. Findings are discussed. Details are given on the characteristics of the landing site.

Keywords:

Pathfinder Missions;
Mars;
mission summary;
spacecraft overview;
cruise phase;
entry;
decent;
landing phase;
science instruments;
objectives;
surface morphology;
geology;
seasonal mateorological variations;
rotation of Mars;
orbital dynamics;
lander site location


Fetus facial expression analysis is a recent and upcoming field of study in the area of biomedical image processing. Fetus images are obtained using 3D ultra-sounds, and thus there is minimum clarity in terms of the fetus face alignment, the fetus face posture and the fetus face size. All these issues make it a challenging task to identify the location of fetus face, and thus the fetal expression or mood analysis becomes a complicated task. In this paper, a saliency map based method is proposed to segment out the fetus face with good level of accuracy, and then identify the fetus mood using a recurrent neural network based classifier. Our work shows more than 80% accuracy across various fetus aging images, and has moderate delay of classification. We also proposed techniques for improving the accuracy further and also improving the precision and recall rates for the classification process.


A PAVEMENT REFLECTOMETER DEVELOPED AT THE INSTITUTE OF TRANSPORTATION AND TRAFFIC ENGINEERING, HAS BEEN USED FOR FIELD MEASUREMENTS OF DIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF SEVERAL PAVEMENT SURFACES. THE REFLECTOMETER AND ITS OPERATING PROCEDURE ARE DESCRIBED. A TYPICAL SET OF DIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE FACTORS ARE ALSO INCLUDED.