Large power systems are complex and real-time modeling of the grid for electromagnetic simulation (EMT) studies is impractical. In general, there are methods that reduce large power system into an equivalent network that requires less computational resource, while preserving electromechanical (low frequency) and high frequency behavior of the original system. This can be achieved by modeling the area not of interest (external area) as a combination of Transient Stability Analysis (TSA) type phasor model equivalent and Frequency Dependent Network Equivalent (FDNE). TSA retains electromechanical behavior, whereas FDNE retains high frequency behavior of the original power system. To this effect, this paper introduces a method of developing FDNE based on an online recursive least squares (RLS) identification algorithm in z-domain, and modeling of reduced power systems as FDNE and as a combination of TSA and FDNE using real-time digital simulators.


This community service program aims to develop a creative writing model based on Surabaya's local values. Surabaya's local values refer to identity and common worldview of 'arek Suroboyo' such as egalitarianism, urban, and multicultural. Those values are tied in the main theme a revitalization of Surabaya Identity. Participants are 115 junior high schools in Surabaya. The community service program is conducted through student-centered learning, while the strategies are discovery learning and project-based learning using inquiry technique. Learning materials are collected from archives such as photos, videos, and field trips to certain places. This community service program give a significant contribution to cultivating a cultural understanding of the Surabaya, as exposed in participants' literary works.


of the chief and follow-up purges; Moscow, with wrangles in the context of agency conflicts; and Kurgan and Samara oblasts.


This study examines indices of Finnishness in the production of secondand third-generation FinnishAmerican authors. Its aim is to analyse the common ethnic traits of Finnishness proposed by ethnographic research in relation to the literary texts presented by the selected authors. The research is literary in nature, investigating both societal and social arguments that are depicted in the central works of five chosen authors: namely, Lauri Anderson's Heikki Heikkinen And Other Stories of Upper Peninsula Finns; Mary Caraker's Growing Up Soggy and Elina, Mistress of Laukko; Joseph Damrell's Gift; Lynn Laitala's Down from Basswood; and Paula Robbins's Below Rollstone Hill. One of the most important disciplines within the field of Comparative Literature – where the function of critical scrutiny is to examine cultural identity, and various cultural models – has been imagological literary research. For the purposes of the present thesis, the theoretical basis of this research has been taken as the cognitive theory of cultural meaning in Comparative Literature, with its imagological approach. Raija Taramaa's theoretical model of Finnishness provides a supportive framework which helps to analyse Finnishness in the works of the five selected writers (who have no developed ability in the Finnish language). Through these means it is hoped that the present research will open up to its readers a deeper understanding of the cultural models describing Finnishness in the production of secondand third-generation Finnish-American authors, leading them into a detailed exploration of the ways in which the ethnic indices of Finnishness have remained in the cultural memories of these chosen authors. The research has indicated that cultural indices endure from generation to generation in an unfamiliar environment even at the time when the identity of the person in question has been changed during the former generation, for example, with respect to his or her native language. The study also reveals that a number of the indices representing the original culture have become simplified over the years, and that the cultural cohort of individuals exhibiting those traits has developed certain stereotypes that have faded in past decades but not yet disappeared. The ethnicity of a minority group of Finnish Americans surrounded by several other more dominant ethnicities has developed into symbolic ethnicity with limited commitments to ethnic cultural activities. The ethnic activities of the symbolic identifiers are likely to have an occasional character and to be acceptable in a multiethnic


Abstract : An experiment was performed to measure and characterize wave kinematics in the Maneuvering and Seakeeping (MASK) basin at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division (NSWCCD). The experiment is part of an ongoing effort to improve predictions and measurements of ship motions in waves, including more accurate characterization of the near-field wave environment and its influence on ship motions. The primary objective of this experiment was to measure and characterize the wave kinematics of regular waves of varying steepness and scaled regular seaways, including irregular waves with embedded wave groups. Measurements, including free-surface elevations and velocity field measurements under the free surface, are presented and discussed.


purpleSTARS created a DJ playlist for a Silent Disco at MERL Late Animal Magic event as part of the Being Human Festival 2019

JOIN US FOR A FUN EVENING OF DRINKS, LIVE MUSIC, ACTIVITIES AND TALKS ON THE THEME OF ANIMALS
LIVE MUSIC – COCKTAILS BY MILK READING – SILENT DISCO

The Being Human Festival of the Humanities is sponsoring a free late night extravaganza where you can find out more about our animal friends and what they say about us as people. Researchers from the University of Reading and beyond will host interactive workshops with our collections. Live music, craft activities, silent disco and cocktail bar from Milk.

Book in advance or on the door (subject to availability)
£0 – the cost of tickets for this event is covered by Being Human sponsorship


There are tens of thousands of artists, musicians, writers, scientists, and inventors today. What makes some of them stand out from the rest? Why will some of them become distinguished contributors in the annals of their field and others be forgotten? Although many variables may contribute to who stands out from the crowd, certainly creativity is one of them. The standouts are often those who are doing particularly creative work in their line of professional pursuit. Are these highly creative individuals simply doing more highly creative work than their less visible counterparts, or does the creativity of their work also differ in quality? One possibility is that creative contributors make different decisions regarding how to express their creativity. This section describes a propulsion theory of creative contributions (Sternberg, 1999c; Sternberg, Kaufman, & Pretz, 2002) that addresses this issue of how people decide to invest their creative resources. The basic idea is that creativity can be of different kinds, depending on how it propels existing ideas forward. When developing creativity in children, we can develop different kinds of creativity, ranging from minor replications to major redirections in their thinking. Creative contributions differ not only in their amounts but also in the types of creativity they represent. For example, both Sigmund Freud and Anna Freud were highly creative psychologists, but the nature of their contributions seems in some way or ways to have been different.


It is a vacuum cleaner having a cyclone dust collecting apparatus. The disclosed vacuum cleaner, the vacuum cleaner main body; Cyclone body can be installed rotating on the cleaner body; Dust receptacle detachably installed in the main body so as to be positioned on the lower side of the cyclone body; And a locking unit for locking or unlocking the cyclone body and the dust receptacle; characterized in that it comprises a. A cyclone dust collecting apparatus, the locking unit, the suction pipe, the connecting pipe


Aim Non-coumarin oral anticoagulants have emerged as alternatives for vitamin K antagonists for thromboembolic prevention in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation, treatment and secondary prevention of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. The safety profile of these agents remains limited as no specific reversal agent is currently available. The audit assessed adverse effects, bleeding outcomes and management for patients on non-coumarin oral anticoagulants. Methods A retrospective review was performed in patients prescribed non-coumarin anticoagulants for extended licenses over 29 months. Data acquisition and adverse events were obtained via medical and electronic prescribing records. Bleeding events were compared between dabigatran and rivaroxaban groups using unpaired t-test. Results Seventy-nine and fifty-three patients were prescribed rivaroxaban and dabigatran respectively. Two patients (2%) from rivaroxaban and one patient (1%) from dabigatran group suffered major bleeding events (95% confidence interval -0.69 to 1.18; P=0.54). Thirteen patients (9%) had non-major bleeding events. One death (1%) was reported due to aspiration pneumonia. Management of bleeding involved transfusion of red blood cells and NovoSeven. Conclusion Non-coumarin oral anticoagulants have good adverse effect profile. However, a small percentage of patients experienced bleeding events and strategies for reversal of the anticoagulant effects are limited. Patient's risk factors for bleeding should be reviewed prior to initiation.


Purpose of review The potential mechanisms of a shock wave rate effect are reviewed here, together with a report on the results of in-vitro, in-vivo and clinical studies that have assessed the effect of altering the shock wave rate on stone breakage and tissue injury by shock wave lithotripsy. Recent findings The vast majority of studies assessing shock wave rate have reported improved stone fragmentation and a reduction in shock wave lithotripsy-induced tissue damage with slower rates of shock wave delivery. However, the optimal shock wave rate has not been determined. Summary Slower rates of shock wave lithotripsy appear to improve the efficiency of this approach and therefore this suggests the need for a randomized clinical trial to assess shock wave rate.


For architects, historians, preservationists, students or homeowners, this richly illustrated two-part dictionary makes it easy to identify a specific architectural detail even if you have no idea what the technical term for it is.


The effect of parameters of ecological importance in meat products on the antilisterial activity of sakacin P, a bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus sake LTH 673, was investigated and compared to the effects on the generation time of Listeria ivanovii. The data were described by an empirical model. The parameters pH and concentrations of NaCI, nitrite and nitrate were varied in a range which is characteristic for meat and meat products: pH 6.5 - 5.1; 0 - 3 % NaCl; 0 - 300 ppm KNO 2 and 0 - 600 ppm KNO 3 . The bacteriocin activity was increased at low pH-values and high NaCI concentrations, while the addition of nitrite had only a minor effect. Growth of Listeria ivanovii was inhibited by low pH-values and high nitrite concentrations. Synergistic interactions on the antimicrobial activity of sakacin P were observed between pH and NaCl content and, to a minor degree, between pH and nitrite concentration. The pH and the concentration of nitrite were found to act synergistically on the generation time of Listeria ivanovii. Nitrate had no effect on either generation time of Listeria ivanovii or the antimicrobial activity of sakacin P. This confirms that, during sausage fermentations, nitrate exerts only an indirect effect as source of nitrite.


Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the blood perfusion within the femoral head after femoral neck fracture by single photon emission computerized tomography and computerized tomography (SPECT/CT). Methods The femoral head perfusion after fracture of 76 cases with femoral neck fracture were retrospectively evaluated by studying the SPECT/CT data. The Garden classification was used and the femoral head was divided up into three sections: superolateral, lateral inferior and medial inferior regions. The ratios of the radionuclide uptake of the fractured femoral head to that of the contralateral femoral head were calculated and used to assess the femoral head vascularity. Results The radionuclide uptake ratios of the fracture side femoral head to contralateral side in superolateral, lateral inferior and medial inferior regions were as follows: (Garden Ⅰ) 1.9, 3.2, 2.4, (Garden Ⅱ) 1.3, 2.3, 1.6, (Garden Ⅲ) 0.3, 0.9, 0.5, (Garden Ⅳ) 0.1, 0.6, 0.3 (F=2.73, P0.05) Conclusions The greater the displacement in the femoral neck fracture is, the higher degree of ischemia will be. The perfusion in the superolateral region of the femoral head would decline more severely than the lateral inferior and medial inferior regions of the femoral head.


3 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION 4-9 SECTION 2 THE SYMPTOM FROM A PSYCHOANALYTICAL PERSPECTIVE 10-13 SECTION 3 THE BEHAVIOURAL AND COGNITIVE APPROACH 14-17 SECTION 4 HOW TO TREAT TRICHOTILLOMANIA (TTM)? 18-23 SECTION 5 LIMITATIONS AND CONCLUSION 24-26


The synthesis and crystal structure of oxo-centered carboxylate-bridge trinuclear ruthenium complex, Ru3O(CH3COO)6(py)2Cl (py = pyridine) (1), are reported herein.The complex 1 has been characterized by IR, cyclic voltammetry (CV), UV-Vis and X-ray crystal analysis.The complex 1 in 0.1 mol/L (n-C4H9)4NPF6-CH2Cl2 solution at room temperature shows four one- electron redox processes at E1/2 = -1.38, -1.20, -0.17 and 1.07 V vs.Ag/AgCl.


The present invention is composed of fine crystal, a lithium battery comprising at least one lithium intercalation compound obtained by the following manufacturing method. The manufacturing method comprising at least the following steps: at least one precursor of the lithium intercalation compound, during the formation of chemically stable and microcrystalline or microcrystalline precursor respect microcrystalline fine forming a homogeneous mixture of certain adjuvants that are configured to limit the growth of crystals or microcrystals precursors, annealing the homogenized mixture for the synthesis of the lithium intercalation compound in the form of microcrystals, obtaining a composite material comprising at least two phases formed by the each of the lithium intercalation compound wherein the auxiliary agent, to obtain the electrode the composite material is shaped. The present invention relates to a lithium battery comprising the obtained electrodes and such electrodes by further above method.


Preface to the Third edition Glossary of terms and abbreviations Introduction Part. History and structure of the European Union 1. 1945-1985: The origins and growth of the European Community 2. 1985-2004: From the single market to the present day 3. The institutions of the European Union in 2004 Part II. The impact of Europe on the British political system 4. Sovereignty and constitutional change 5. Policy and the decision-making process 6. EU policies and their impact on Britain Part III. Participation 7. Representation: Elections to the European Parliament 8. British political parties and Europe 9. British pressure groups and Europe Part IV. Concluding thoughts 10. Britain and the European Union: The past, present and future Glossary of terms and abbreviations Further information about the European Union


IGBT, as a new generation of composite full-controlled voltage-driven power semiconductor devices, has been widely used in the field of modern power electronics. The study of IGBT device life prediction has important guiding significance for the stable operation and reliability management of power system. In this paper, the Cofin-Manson-Arrhenius extended exponential model based on thermal load is analyzed, and the model parameters are trained and modified by the Elman neural network in order to improve the prediction accuracy of life prediction model. The Coffin-Manson-Arrhenius extension exponential model and the new improved model are simulated and validated by experiments. The results are compared with the actual life of IGBT. It is concluded that the Coffin-Manson-Arrhenius extension exponential model based on Elman neural network has higher accuracy in life prediction than the Coffin-Manson-Arrhenius extension exponential model.


MELINDA KUSUMADEWI. Coliform as a Sanitation Indicator of Canteens in IPB Dramaga Campus. supervised by HADRI LATIF and CHAERUL BASRI. Coliform bacteria is a commonly used indicator's bacteria of sanitary quality of foods and water. The aims of this study were to assess the level of sanitation at canteens in IPB Dramaga Campus, to observe the number of coliform bacteria on plate and a cutting board, and to find the relationship between sanitation practices in the canteen with the number of coliform on plate and cutting board. The responden of this research were 39 canteens. Samples for coliform analysis were taken from the surface of plate and cutting board and tested using replicate organism direct contact (RODAC) method. Based on the categorization of the number of coliform, 64.1% and 82.1% showed poor category on the plate and cutting board, respectively. The canteen sanitation aspect which had a significant relationship with the number of coliform is the washing time of cutting board with a value of p= 0.034 (p <0.05) and a correlation coefficient of 0.342. This showed that there is a relationship between equipment washing time and the amount of coliform contamination on the cutting board. The high presence of coliform in the plate and cutting board indicated poor sanitation at canteen in IPB Dramaga.


This study compares the results of a visual cue association training paradigm with the results of a previously reported discrimination training paradigm for learning a non-native vowel contrast. Sixteen Japanese learners of English completed two 30minute sessions of picture association training: Trainees were presented, for instance, with the picture of a 'ship' while hearing the word ship, followed by the picture of a 'sheep' while hearing the word sheep, and had to decide if the two pictures they saw were the 'same' or 'different'. The results on the cueweighting pre-test and post-test revealed an improvement in the use of both spectral and temporal information after training, and this improvement was comparable to the improvement observed with a focus on forms discrimination task. Hence, learning sound contrasts may occur without focus on the acoustic forms.


Case Report ON August 18, 1941, H. Ch., a man, aged 51 years, had an accident at an electric power station when he came infto contact with live apparatus. He was wearing metal rimmed glasses and earpieces. Second and third degree burns were present around the -orbits, along -the temples and the bridge of the nose. Other burns of second degree were present on the shoulder, neck and face. There were also third degree burns over the right shoulder, over the thyroid cartilage and the left hand. A discharge at 11,000 volts passed by sparking contact with the rim of the spectacles. He was admitted to St. Leonard's Hospital, and was discharged after 26 days. Visual symptoms developed six months after the accident, when sight began to deteriorate. He sough. advice at the' Central London Ophthalmic Hospital onJuly 16, 1943, nearly two yearsafter the accident. On examination.-R.V. 6/18 c. + 1 25 D.sph.= 6/12; L.V. 6/18 c. +1-0 D.sph. +0 5 D.cyl. 1100=6/12 c. readers J.4. Right and


The protection of intangible cultural heritage is an important content of current cultural development. While constantly confirming various intangible cultural heritage projects, currently how to protect these intangible cultural heritages is a crucial issue for China. Exhibition of intangible cultural heritage venues is one way of protection. But with single form of protection, incomplete concept and few relevant theoretical researches currently, the effective protection cannot yet be achieved. With Wufeng Southern Opera as the research object, this paper takes venue protection as the condition, brings in the narrative theory of the literary category and conduct a holistic analysis study from the aspects of elements, plot narration, space narration, activity narration and so on, hoping to form a set of concepts and methods of intangible cultural heritage venue exhibition. The results will serve as guidance for relevant cases and provide reference for the development of China's intangible cultural heritage protection. Keywords—intangible cultural heritage; exhibition hall; narrative; display design


Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease, which requires life-long care. Quality of diabetes service system and risk factors in Ponthong district, Roi Et province, is not known. Methods: Descriptively review diabetes mellitus clinic data at Ponthong Hospital during fiscal year 2006, and to survey in the community about diabetes care service was done in September 2007, after data collection we explored risk factors in population by collecting parameters among those patients aged 40 years or older. Results: The population of Ponthong district was 108,348 which 35,423 (32.7%) people aged 40 years or older. There were 2,710 clients registered to diabetic clinic, with prevalence rate of 2.5. There were 10 (0.4%) patients with type 1 and 2,700 (99.6%) with type 2 diabetes. Seven hundred and eighty three (28.9%) diabetics received HbA1c testing and 67 (8.5%) patients had HbA1c ≤ 6.5% while 86 (11.0%) had HbA1c ≥ 9.5%. Detection of complications among diabetic patients revealed 7.9% nephropathy, 68.8% neuropathy, 36.9% arterial complications, 2.2% ophthalmological, and 3.0% with amputations. Pharmacologic cost in 2006 was 3,028,246.00 baht or 18.1% of total drug cost. Community survey can recruit 24,653 (98.3%) from 35,423 people who were 40 years old or more. There were 22,289 (90.4%) people with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25.0 and 3,805 (15.4%) with blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg. Conclusions: The quality of diabetes service system in Ponthong district was suboptimal, both in accessibility and level of quality. There must be rapid development in both quality of service delivery, information system, preventive and control measures to reduce risk factors in the community.


Accumulation of hypoxia inducible factor-1&agr; (HIF-1&agr;) is commonly an acute and beneficial response to hypoxia, whereas chronically elevated HIF-1&agr; is associated with multiple disease conditions, including preeclampsia, a serious hypertensive disease of pregnancy. However, the molecular basis underlying the persistent elevation of placental HIF-1&agr; in preeclampsia and its role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia are poorly understood. Here we report that Hif-1&agr; mRNA and HIF-1&agr; protein were elevated in the placentas of pregnant mice infused with angiotensin II type I receptor agonistic autoantibody, a pathogenic factor in preeclampsia. Knockdown of placental Hif-1&agr; mRNA by specific siRNA significantly attenuated hallmark features of preeclampsia induced by angiotensin II type I receptor agonistic autoantibody in pregnant mice, including hypertension, proteinuria, kidney damage, impaired placental vasculature, and elevated maternal circulating soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 levels. Next, we discovered that Hif-1&agr; mRNA levels and HIF-1&agr; protein levels were induced in an independent preeclampsia model with infusion of the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 14 (LIGHT). SiRNA knockdown experiments also demonstrated that elevated HIF-1&agr; contributed to LIGHT-induced preeclampsia features. Translational studies with human placentas showed that angiotensin II type I receptor agonistic autoantibody or LIGHT is capable of inducing HIF-1&agr; in a hypoxia-independent manner. Moreover, increased HIF-1&agr; was found to be responsible for angiotensin II type I receptor agonistic autoantibody or LIGHT-induced elevation of Flt-1 gene expression and production of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 in human villous explants. Overall, we demonstrated that hypoxia-independent stimulation of HIF-1&agr; gene expression in the placenta is a common pathogenic mechanism promoting disease progression. Our findings reveal new insight to preeclampsia and highlight novel therapeutic possibilities for the disease.


After ship accidents inisde harbours at Jane Typhoon in 1950, it has been a custom that ships take refuge outside harbours under stormy weather such as typhoons. Jn order to improve the mooring safety during the outside harbour refuge, it is advisable that operators on board can obtain the useful informations to take safe measures in advance, such as the infomation about reliability of the mooring system after safe measures were taken, the information about relation between measures and results concerning ship's behaviour and so on. In the present paper, analytical models for assessment of reliability of anchoring system are proposed. One is the model to estimate the probability that the anchor loses its holding power during the ship is dragging her anchor and the other is the model to evaluate the risk of collision subsequently to dragging anchor. Furthermore a convenient simulation program to assess the risk level of anchoring system has been developed. The outline of this program is also discussed.


Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment demands the development of reliable earthquake recurrence models, which are usually based on time and spatial distribution of the past seismicity contained on earthquake catalogs. This usually generate models rather well constrained on seismically active regions where large historical catalogs are available. But in low to moderate seismicity regions, where data is scarce, establishing earthquake recurrence from past events is a major challenge. On those regions, geodetic measurements can provide useful information for deriving alternative recurrence models based on strain rate.

The impact of the crust deformation on the processes that control the seismic activity is still controversial. The seismic activity is usually thought to be associated to the active tectonic deformation as estimated from the horizontal displacements field. But in regions with low horizontal deformation, getting the horizontal strain rates is difficult since the displacements field can be dominated by the noise of the geodetic data. Additionally, non-tectonic processes such as the Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) can exist, and may impact the seismicity rate of those regions. Then seismicity rates derived from the horizontal velocity fields might not adjust the observed seismicity rates on such regions.

We propose a methodology to build a combined GNSS velocity field dataset for Europe, that could be used for the development of earthquake recurrence models. For this, 5 different GNSS velocity field solution for Europe are considered. Using the velocity solutions of common stations, the different datasets are converted to a common reference frame. Based on the comparison of the velocity values, a methodology is established to generate a combined velocity field, considering the uncertainty of each independent solution. A criterion for automatic identification and outliers removal is implemented, as well an adaptive smoothing scheme that depends on the station density, the noise and the local tectonic deformation rate.

We propose a methodology to obtain strain rate maps from GNSS data based on the VISR software [Shen et al., 2015], not only considering the horizontal velocity field, but including also the vertical velocity field for Europe, considering the effects of flexure of the crust on regions where important GIA signals are observed.

Finally, earthquake recurrence models are derived and compared with catalog-based models in Europe to evaluate their mutual agreement, comparing also the results obtained on regions with significant tectonic deformation versus regions where important GIA signals are observed.


Human Vision System and Visual Neuroprosthesis Characterization of the Neural Response Retina Models Neural Activity Metrics and Evaluation of the Models Design and Implementation of Bioelectronic Vision Systems.


. Tea is a highly consumed beverage with numerous health benefits, such as antioxidant and antiviral properties. The compounds within tea that are believed to be associated with these benefits are polyphenols. Black tea polyphenols are known as theaflavins, and in previous studies have exhibited inhibitory effects on influenza and human immunodeficiency virus 1. Herpes simplex virus -1 (HSV-1) is an extremely common virus and has the ability to cause recurrent infections. A vast majority of adults have been exposed to the virus and could be asymptomatic. The purpose of this study was to determine the lowest inhibitory concentration of black tea extracts on the herpes simplex virus -1. Utilizing plaque assays, DNA extraction, PCR, and gel electrophoresis, it was determined that viral inhibition occurs at a concentration of O.lpg/mL BTE. DNA extraction. DNA was extracted from infected Vero cells that contained 100 pL HSV-1 virus, 100 pL HSV-l/BTE lysate (0.1 mg/mL), 100 pL HSV-l/BTE lysate (0.01 mg/mL), 100 pL HSV-l/BTE lysate (1.0 pg/mL), and 100 gL HSV-l/BTE lysate (0.1 gg/mL), respectively. Cells were incubated for 24 hours at 37°C with an atmosphere of 5% C02. The DNA from each of the five groups of cells was extracted with the Qiagen DNeasy® Blood & Tissue Kit Sciences, Germantown, USA), following the protocol provided by the manufacturer for cultured cells.


Objective: To evaluate whether the ocular hypotensive mechanism of prostaglandin F 2α(PGF 2α) analogue Unoprostone is related to the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and extracellular matrix (ECM) in ciliary muscle. Methods: Monkey ciliary muscle cells were cultured. The distribution of collagen I, III, IV and MMP 1 in the cultured cells was observed using immunocytochemistic ethod. The staining change of collagen III, IV and MMP 1 in cultured ciliary muscle cells before and after exposing to 10 -6 mol/L PGF 2α, Unoprostone metabolites M 1 and M 2 was compared. Results: The distribution of collagen I, III, IV and MMP 1 in ciliary muscle cells was different. The staining of collagen Ⅲ, Ⅳ was reduced when exposed to 10 -6 mol/L PGF 2α, Unoprostone metabolites M 1 and M 2, while the staining after exposing to MMP 1 was increased. Conclusion: These results suggest a role for Unoprostone in the expression of MMP and remodeling of ECM in ciliary muscle. A Unoprostone induced change in ECM might augment the flow of aqueous humour through the ciliary muscle bundles of the uveoscleral pathway.


Sodium polyacrylates permit a higher solids concentration during grinding, reducing the resulting particle size and/or specific energy consumption. Their impact on fine and ultrafine grinding of limestone was studied. Sodium polyacrylate with a low polydispersity index was found to be the most effective grinding aid for limestone and consequently applied for further nano-grinding experiments. Nano-grinding was most energy-efficient with the smallest grinding medium size. These ground nano-sized CaCO3 particles with sodium polyacrylate on the surface accelerated the hydration of ordinary Portland cement cement paste.


Neural Architecture Search (NAS) achieves significant progress in many computer vision tasks, yet training and searching high-performance architectures over large search space are time-consuming. The NAS with BatchNorm (BNNAS) is an efficient NAS algorithm to speed up the training of supernet ten times over conventional schemes by fixing the convolutional layers and training the BatchNorm only. In this paper, we systematically examine the limitation of the BNNAS and present improved techniques. We observe that the BNNAS is prone to select convolution and fails to find plausible architectures with small FLOPs, especially on the search space with operations other than convolutions. This is because the number of learnable parameters on BatchNorm is imbalanced for different operations, i.e., BatchNorm is only attached to the convolutional layer. To fix the issue, We present the unbiased BNNAS for training. However, our empirical evidence shows that the performance indicator in BNNAS is ineffective on the unbiased BNNAS. To this end, we propose a novel performance indicator, which decomposes the model performance into model expressivity, trainability, and uncertainty, to preserve the rank consistency on the unbiased BNNAS. Our proposed NAS method, named as BNNAS ++, is robust on various search spaces and can efficiently search high-performance architectures with small FLOPs. We validate the effectiveness of BNNAS++ on NAS-Bench-101, NAS-Bench-201, DARTS search space, and MobileNet search space, showing superior performance over existing methods.


Abstract: The development of effective cooling methods is of major importance for the design of new gas turbines blades. The conception of optimal cooling schemes requires a detailed knowledge of the heat transfer processes on the blade's surfaces. The thermal load of turbine blades is predominantly determined by convective heat transfer which is described by the local heat transfer coefficient.


Numbers are an organic component of the language used in newspaper.But in the course of studying the language used in Russian newspapers,we find that numbers have not been given enough attention.In reality,numbers have played an active role since they appeared in Russian newspaper at the end of 19th century.In this paper,the origin and development of numbers in Russian are firstly stated;then from the aspects of standard way of writing,existing problems and cross usage,the usage of numbers in Russian newspapers are highlighted.


1 Cardiovascular responses to human proendothelin [1–38], in the absence and presence of phosphoramidon, were studied in conscious Long Evans rats, chronically instrumented for the continuous recording of heart rate, systemic arterial blood pressure and renal, mesenteric and hindquarters blood flows. 2 A dose of 0.1 nmol kg−1 human proendothelin [1–38] caused a slight pressor effect (maximum 5 ± 2mmHg), but a clear bradycardia (maximum −29 ± 7 beats min−1). Renal haemodynamics were unchanged but there was mesenteric vasoconstriction and a vasodilatation followed by a vasoconstriction in the hindquarters. 3 A dose of 1.0 nmol kg−1 human proendothelin [1–38] caused a gradual hypertension (maximum 42 ± 4 mmHg at 10 min) and a profound bradycardia (–149 ± 10 beats min−1 at 30 min). There were gradual but marked, renal and hindquarters vasoconstrictions, whereas there was a substantial mesenteric vasoconstriction that was relatively rapid in onset. 4 In 2 animals, administration of human proendothelin [1–38] at a dose of 10 nmol kg−1 caused an initial hypotension followed by a rapidly‐developing pressor effect; there were renal and mesenteric vasoconstrictions and vasodilatation followed by vasoconstriction in the hindquarters. These changes were very similar to those seen following injection of endothelin‐1 (0.1 nmol kg−1). 5 Phosphoramidon (2 μmol kg−1) had no cardiovascular effects itself and it did not affect significantly the pressor or mesenteric vasoconstrictor effects of human proendothelin [1–38], but it reduced the bradycardia and renal and hindquarters vasoconstrictor responses. A higher dose of phosphoramidon (10 μmol kg−1) caused significant attenuation of all the responses to human proendothelin [1–38], but a substantial mesenteric vasoconstrictor response still occurred under these conditions. 6 The results are consistent with the involvement of phosphoramidon‐sensitive enzyme systems in the conversion of human proendothelin [1–38] to endothelin‐1 in vivo. In addition, considering the different patterns of responses to human proendothelin [1–38] in the effector tissues studied (heart, and renal, mesenteric and hindquarters vascular beds), and the differential degrees of inhibition of them by phosphoramidon, it is likely that the effects of human proendothelin [1–38] were due to its local (rather than systemic) conversion to endothelin‐1 by processes with differing degrees of susceptibility to phosphoramidon.


Photograph of a ticket desk area in the Austin Municipal Airport, where several people with suitcases can be seen waiting at the desk while attendants assist them. Signs with maps and arrival times can be seen on the wall behind the desk. A long sign advertising different airlines can be seen above the desk area. The terminal is now demolished but previously sat on Berkman Drive.


Context. The CoRoT satellite has recently discovered a hot Jupiter that transits across the disc of a F9 main-sequence star called CoRoT-6 with a period of 8.886 days. Aims. We model the photospheric activity of the star and use the maps of the active regions to study stellar differential rotation and the star-planet interaction. Methods. We apply a maximum entropy spot model to fit the optical modulation as observed by CoRoT during a uninterrupted interval of similar to 140 days. Photospheric active regions are assumed to consist of spots and faculae in a fixed proportion with solar-like contrasts. Results. Individual active regions have lifetimes up to 30-40 days. Most of them form and decay within five active longitudes whose different migration rates are attributed to the stellar differential rotation for which a lower limit of Delta Omega/Omega = 0.12 +/- 0.02 is obtained. Several active regions show a maximum of activity at a longitude lagging the subplanetary point by similar to 200 degrees with the probability of a chance occurrence being smaller than 1 percent. Conclusions. Our spot modelling indicates that the photospheric activity of CoRoT-6 could be partially modulated by some kind of star-planet magnetic interaction, while an interaction related to tides is highly unlikely because of the weakness of the tidal force.


We prove upper and lower bounds on complexity of the problem of selecting the the area-time 1-th smallest of n k-bit integers. When chip area is restricted to 0(n), our 0 (k logn)-time circuit is provably area-time optimal to within a factor of O(1ogn). We present several circuit constructions having area other than 0 (n), but these are typically a factor of O (1) from area-time optimality. The development of tight upper and lower bounds for 1-selectors of nonlinear area is thus an open problem.


The High Performance Bounded (HPB) control methodology is based upon the idea of using progressively higher gains as the system approaches equilibrium to avoid control saturation and improve performance. In this paper a new theoretical result is presented that allows the incorporation of position and rate constraints into the HPB methodology. This result is improved upon by expanding the stabilization region using a Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) formulation. Finally, the methodology is applied to the lateral directional control of the F/A-18 HARV (High Alpha Research Vehicle), using a nonlinear simulator.


Abstract A new approach for the synthesis of carbamates from alcohols and TosMIC promoted by iodine/DMSO system is reported. This method offers a one-step, direct and practical strategy for the rapid construction of carbamates under mild conditions. The reaction proceeds via sequential oxidation of isocyanide to isocyanate and nucleophilic addition of alcohols to isocyanate to afford the carbamates in high yields.


Objective To explore the effects of rosiglitazone on pancreatic β cells in a rat model of severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Methods 36 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(SO group),SAP group,and rosiglitazone pretreatment group(ROSI group).SAP model was induced by retrograde infusion of 5% sodium taurocholate into the biliopancreatic duct.SO and SAP group were injected 10% dimethyl sulfoxide partes aequales(DMSO) (0.2 ml/100 g)by femoral vein 30 mins piror to the surgery.ROSI group were injected rosiglitazone (6 mg/kg)instead of 10% DMSO.Rats were killed 12 h after surgery and the level of serum amylase was detected.Pancreas tissues were taken for pathological examination under light microscope and insulin in situ staining was done.The ultrastructure of β cells was observed with transmission electron microscope.Results Amylase level and pathologic score were increased significantly in SAP group than in SO group (P < 0.05).Compared with SAP group,amylase level and pathologic score reduced significantly for rats in ROSI group (P < 0.05).Compared with SAP group,the morphological structure of β cells in ROSI group was more completed and insulin in situ staining was darker observed by electronic microscopy.Conclusion ROSI exerts protective effect on morphology and endocrine function of pancreatic β cells in rats with severe acute pancreatitis.

Key words:
Severe acute pancreatitis; β cells; Rosiglitazone; Endocrine function


Arthropod-borne flaviviruses are the most numerous of the viruses in the family Togaviridae (60 of the 88 registered togaviruses) . l * Flaviviruses are the etiologic agents of diseases of man; including encephalitis, dengue fever, and yellow fever. They also cause disease in domestic animals (e.g., louping ill, Wesselsbron disease). The viruses are morphologically and biochemically quite similar: a nucleocapsid of 27 nM in diameter composed of a single polypeptide species that surrounds a single-stranded RNA genome of 4.2 X lo6 daltons, a small molecular weight polypeptide, which is thought to be membrane-associated, and a membrane g ly~oprote in .~-~ Flaviviruses have been conveniently classified on the basis of their immunological properties as expressed in the neutralization, complement-fixation, and hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) tests. The HI and neutralization tests measure antigenic determinants present on the envelope g ly~oprote in .~-~ The immunology of this surface glycoprotein is complex, since it contains at least three antigenic determinants: group-reactive, complex-reactive, and typespecific.*-12 Variations in the antigenic characteristics of the envelope glycoproteins of West Nile,13--17 Japanese encephalitis,y, lS-?O Murray Valley and Kunjin,?l and tick-borne encephalitis viruses 2 2 23 have been described. isolates of the mosquito-borne flaviviruses, Japanese encephalitis,* * West Nile,2s dengue,26 and yellow fever,2i have also been found to vary in their virulence for laboratory animals. Until now, no comparative analysis of the virulence or biochemistry of St. Louis encephalitis (SLE) virus strains has been reported despite epidemiological observations which suggests that biological differences between strains might exist. The following comprises a review of our results on the comparative analysis of biological and biochemical variation among SLE virus isolates from different geographic areas, vectors, and hosts in the A m e r i ~ a s . * ~ ~ ~


The traditional and orthodox interpretation of the British Raj (colonial rule in India) characterizes it in terms of the economic exploitation of India. However, recent historical studies have focused on the revival or development of the Indian cotton industry at the turn of the twentieth century. This article pays special attention to the rapid development of the Indian cotton-spinning industry as an export industry for the Chinese market and its implications for intra-Asian competition.


During the Spray cooling process in hot mine, the heat exchange efficiency of the liquid drop with the air is the key theoretical question. This article got the same enthalpy difference ratio expression with the first heat exchange efficiency in form when leaving the speed of horizontal direction out of account. The change discipline of heat exchange efficiency along with the initial speed and the diameter of the liquid drop was analyzed. The results showed that: the heat exchange efficiency is inversely proportional to the initial speed and the diameter of the liquid drop. Compared with the initial speed of the liquid drop, the diameter of the liquid drop has deeper influence to heat exchange efficiency. Meanwhile, when the diameter of the liquid drop is less than the critical value, its influence to the heat exchange efficiency would be reduced obviously.


An asymptotic computational method (ACFD) to account for variable property effects is applied to a complex benchmark geometry. The method is based on the Taylor series expansion of all properties with respect to temperature and provides general results, applicable to specific problems with different fluids and heating rates. It can take into account the temperature dependence of all physical properties involved in momentum and heat transfer problems. The benchmark is a room which is ventilated by forced convection through inlet and outlet slit nozzles at the top and bottom of the side walls. Four heating elements standing on the ground floor add heat with constant heat flux density of variable strength. CFD solutions with the full coverage of all property temperature dependencies of air and SF6 are compared with the general ACFD results, applied to these fluids.Copyright © 2010 by ASME


This paper proposes two types of adaptive control schemes combined by the conventional computed-torque control and different fuzzy compensators for the robust tracking control of robotic manipulators with structured and unstructured uncertainties. Fuzzy compensators based on feed-forward and feed-back are developed to compensate these modeling uncertainties. The validity of the two types of adaptive control schemes is shown by numerical simulations of a three link rotary robot manipulator.


The present invention relates to a method for storing data on a storage medium having a memory controller and at least one memory area, and read access to data stored on the storage medium, generated by a terminal user data and file management data and for storing in the with the terminal connected storage medium are provided, and the memory controller stores the user data and file management data, said data to be stored are stored on the storage medium so that the memory controller can differ in a read access to the data, whether it is user data or to file management data. According to the invention, the memory controller are all or at least some useful data only when an authentication of a user-free and it is all or at least some file management data freely without authentication of a user for read access. The present invention further relates to a corresponding storage medium, and a terminal with such a storage medium.


The present study has been accomplished in sociolinguistics and discourse analysis modules and it aims to study the social and non- linguistic factor of "gender" in turn-taking . The researcher tries to evaluate the effect of both genders' conversations - that of men and women associates- in regards to the "dominance theory" (Lakoff, 1973) and with respect to Halliday's interpersonal meta- functions. The movie "Vakonesh- e- Panjom" ( The Fifth Reaction) has been chosen to obtain the corpus, cause it has gender and power standards within its conversations of associates. The data have been analyzed in qualitative and quantitative forms. According to"dominance theory", certain linguistic features, which have occurred in both men and women talks were extracted from different gender affected contexts and the frequency of each occurrence in different generic contexts has been calculated. The data was analyzed according to the second theoretical framework and the interpersonal metafunctions which have been used in each genders' talks were extracted.. The conclusion is that the people who used certain linguistic features and interpersonal aspects that have the implication of power, had the most and longer turn- taking in discourse and according to the "dominance theory" and Halliday point of view, the power between men and women, is not distributed equally. On the other hand, there are various non-verbal factors such as culture, education, occupation and so forth which affect turn-taking processes in certain contexts.


List of publications (Hirosi Toda).- Talk on toda's work.- A conjecture of may on E2-term of the may spectral sequence for the cohomology of the steenrod algebra.- Continuous functions of several variable.- Cohomology of finite groups and brown-peterson cohomology II.- Some stably indecomposable loop spaces.- R-local homotopy theory.- Homotopy theory and closed geodesics.- A proof of the theorem characterizing the generalized J-homomorphism.- Some problems in non-abelian homotopical and homological algebra.- KO-codegree and real line bundles.- The power of mod P borel homology.- A note concerning the v 1-periodic homotopy of odd spheres.- The quasi KO-homology types of the real projective spaces.- On characterizing summands in the classifying space of a group, II.- On the complex cobordism ring as a Fock representation.- On the generalized homology of the connective fibering of BU.- On Jones's Kahn-Priddy theorem.- v 1-periodic homotopy of Sp(2), Sp(3), and S 2n .


ABSTRACTFertile kanamycin resistant plants of Medicago sativa L. were obtained by genetic transformation with binary vector of Agrobacterium tumefaciens and were used as a fertilizer of Lethionine (ETH) resistant alfalfa variants. The dominant nature of both kanamycin and Lethionine resistant traits was demonstrated by the double resistant phenotype of obtained hybrid plants. Southern blot analysis showed that transgenic plants and self-pollinated progeny harbored the kanamycin gene, and expressed the neomycin phosphotransferase (npt) activity in vitro. The inheritance of both single (kanamycin) and double (kanamycin and Lethionine) resistance traits was analyzed and the way in which marker characters are segregated is discussed.


Microcanonical ensemble theory of free bosons is derived from quantum mechanics by making use of the hidden gauge structure. The relative phase interaction associated with this gauge structure, described by the Pegg-Barnett formalism, is shown to lead to perfect decoherence in the thermodynamic limit and the principle of equal a priori probability, simultaneously.


The name of the software, BornAgain, indicates the central rôle of the distorted-wave Born approximation (DWBA) in the physical description of the scattering process. The software provides a generic frame for modelling multilayer samples with smooth or rough interfaces and with various types of embedded nanoparticles. In this way, it reproduces and enhances the functionality of the present reference software, IsGisaxs by Rémi Lazzari, and lays a solid base for future extensions in response to speci c user needs. The rst public release will be presented in April 2013 at workshop on GISAS data analysis organized by the SC group. The next development step, planned for 2013/14, will address polarized GISANS for the investigation of magnetic domains.


A total of 12 combination soils were randomly collected from the sites nearby the Ecological Experimental Station,in Liujiazhan near Yingtan,Jiangxi Province,China(28° 04′-28° 37′ N,116° 41′-117° 09′ E).They included three soil parent materials(i.e.originated from the Ganite,Tertiary Red Sandstone and Quaternary Red Clay) and four land use types(i.e.forest,bush,upland and paddy).The mechanical-stable and water-stable aggregates in different sizes were collected through the dry-wet sieving method,then the composition characteristics of soil aggregates and their stability in the 12 red soils were discussed.The results showed that the proportions of different size mechanical-stable aggregates in the tested red soils,except for Bush soil originated from Granite,ordered as 2 mm 2-0.25 mm 0.25-0.053 mm 0.0.53 mm.Proportions of 2 mm water-stable aggregates were significantly decreased after wet sieving,but 2-0.25 mm,0.25-0.053 mm and 0.053 mm water-stable aggregates increased significantly.There was significant positive relationship between the mean weight diameter of mechanical-stable aggregates(MWDd) and the percentage of aggregate destruction(PAD) in tested soils,and they could be used to characterize the stability of soil structure.The △MWD and PAD had significant negative relationship,i.e.the increasing of △MWD accompanied with the decreasing of soil stability.The interaction effects of soil parent material and land use types on soil aggregate composition and their stability were obvious.Therefore,the soil parent materials and land use types should be considered together during the development and utilization of red soil resource.


Almost periodic particle chains exhibit peculiar propagation properties that are not observed in perfectly periodic ones. Furthermore, since they inherently support nonnegligible long-range interactions and radiation through the surrounding free space, nearest-neighbor approximations cannot be invoked. Hence the governing operator is fundamentally different from that used in traditional analysis of almost periodic structures, e.g., Harper's model and almost Mathieu difference equations. We present a mathematical framework for the analysis of almost periodic particle chains, and study their electrodynamic properties. We show that they support guided modes that exhibit a complex interaction mechanism with the light cone. These modes possess a two-dimensional fractal-like structure in the frequency–wave number space, such that a modal phase velocity cannot be uniquely defined. However, a well-defined group velocity is revealed due to the fractal's inner structure.


new Books for ChILdren And Young PeoPLe Katie's changing understanding of his impact, and there's a tacit contrast between problems she has no control over (Will) and problems she could have controlled (she loses a scholarship to Yale, her dream school, by slacking off and partying during a summer program there), a differentiation that's hard to learn save through experience. Since readers make the journey with Katie, they'll sympathize with her choices and failures, and they'll be glad to see, in the closing epilogue from ten years on, that she learns to find her own stability while remaining connected to Will ("He will always be with me"). Along the way to that hard-fought end, they'll find the boarding-school experience enviable, the family situation poignant, and Katie a protagonist they'll understand, support, and forgive. (See p. 132 for publication information.) Deborah Stevenson, Editor


Background: This article gives support to the oral presentation with the same title presented at the 5th Congress on Nursing Research of Ibero-American and Portuguese-speaking Countries. It puts forward a set of arguments that support the use of simulated practice in


Mathematical modeling of the thoracic aorta is important for understanding the development and progression of various cardiovascular diseases, helping to detect extraordinary stress distributions of the hypertensive aortic wall, even in early stages. However, it is difficult to ensure the biofidelity of biological materials in formulating a mathematical model. In a freshly isolated aortic media, composed mainly of smooth muscle cell layers (SMLs) and elastic laminae (ELs), circumferential EL waviness and longitudinal EL undulation are often observed because of the structural "buckling" of ELs. This is considered to be closely associated with residual stresses of SMLs and ELs in the aortic wall but the mechanism underlying such EL buckling behavior remains unclear. In the present study, a series of numerical simulations were designed to identify effective mechanical parameters to reproduce EL buckling in the aortic media. We found that prestress initially administered to ELs in the circumferential and axial directions, and the predefined internodal distance, which couples the SML and EL, are essential to computationally reconstruct the circumferential EL waviness and the longitudinal EL undulation in an unloaded state. We also proposed a set of equations based on the numerical results and successfully predicted EL buckling behaviors of the aorta in vitro.


A fully implicit finite-difference method has been proposed for the numerical solutions of one dimensional coupled nonlinear Burgers' equations on the uniform mesh points. The method forms a system of nonlinear difference equations which is to be solved at each iteration. Newton's iterative method has been implemented to solve this nonlinear assembled system of equations. The linear system has been solved by Gauss elimination method with partial pivoting algorithm at each iteration of Newton's method. Three test examples have been carried out to illustrate the accuracy of the method. Computed solutions obtained by proposed scheme have been compared with analytical solutions and those already available in the literature by finding L2 and L∞ errors. Keywords—Burgers' equation, Implicit Finite-difference method, Newton's method, Gauss elimination with partial pivoting.


CADTH recommends that Skyrizi be reimbursed by public drug plans for the treatment of moderately to severely active Crohn disease (CD) if certain conditions are met.
Skyrizi should only be covered to treat adult patients with moderately to severely active CD who do not respond to, stop responding to, or who cannot tolerate conventional or biologic therapies.
Skyrizi should only be reimbursed if prescribed by a physician experienced in the diagnosis and management of CD, if it is not used in combination with other biologics, and if the cost of Skyrizi is reduced so that it does not cost the drug programs more than the least costly biologic therapy. Patients must respond to treatment in the first 12 weeks of starting Skyrizi to continue receiving the drug.


The noise generated by airplane motors under test is of such high intensity that it may be annoying for distances of one‐half mile or more and may be audible for distances up to twenty miles. Normal atmospheric radiation losses were investigated over a wide range of frequency bands. These losses approximated the inverse square relationship except at high frequencies. The effect of obstructions such as buildings is noted. The observations permit general conclusions as to what levels will be tolerated during the day and at night by residents of surrounding areas.


In this article the transient process was analyzed when the semiconductor valve turn-on with a new modernized equipment of the Vyborg HVDC scheme. It was found that transient processes occur at high frequencies of about 50-60 kHz. During high-frequency transients when the valve turn-on current can reach zero and negative values. This oscillation can lead to premature valve turn-off and even to its destruction, depending on the switching conditions. The paper deals with issue of damping of the turn-on high-frequency current oscillation witch can be achieved by effective eddy-current resistance due to excess eddy current magnetic core losses of the saturable reactors. Calculation energy losses in thin structures of laminated magnetic core of the saturable reactor were carried out using obtained data of transient process and Comsol Multiphysics modeling. This gave a numerical estimate of the effect of these losses on the transient process. In terms of obtaining data modificated equivalent electrical circuit was proposed. This modification allows to estimate the influence of excess eddy current core losses of saturable reactor on the semiconductor valve turn-on.


Naproxen and its synthesized esters namely naproxen methyl ester, C 15 H 16 O 3 (compound 1), ethyl ester, C 16 H 17 O 3 (compound 2) and isopropyl ester, C 17 H 20 O 3 (compound 3) were subjected to NSAID induced gastro-ulcergenecity studies on young, healthy male rat model. Rats (Rattus novergicus: Sprague-Dawley strain) of 2-months old weighing 95–105 g were administered with naproxen (10 mg/kg b.w.) compound 1 (10.609 mg/kg b.w.), compound 2 (11.217 mg/kg b.w.) and compound 3 (11.826 mg/kg b.w.) twice daily for 4.5 days. The naproxen esters appeared to induce significantly less GI injury and bleeding both in microscopic and macroscopic examinations. This study can be a basis of reference for further acute, chronic or subchronic toxicity studies in various in-vivo models. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 14(1): 49-53, 2015 (June)


Recently, the study of the coherent noise model has led to a simple (binary) prediction algorithm for the forthcoming earthquake magnitude in aftershock sequences. This algorithm is based on the concept of natural time and exploits the complexity exhibited by the coherent noise model. Here, using the relocated catalogue from Southern California Seismic Network for 1981 to June 2011, we evaluate the application of this algorithm for the aftershocks of strong earthquakes of magnitude Mź6. The study is also extended by using the Global Centroid Moment Tensor Project catalogue to the case of the six strongest earthquakes in the Earth during the last almost forty years. The predictor time series exhibits the ubiquitous 1/f noise behavior.


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In this work, a broadband transmissive type linear-circular polarizer with wide angular stability is demonstrated. It shows a 3 dB Axial Ratio (AR) bandwidth of 21.05 GHz (from 20.17 - 41.22 GHz) with 68.58 % fractional bandwidth (FBW) covering K and Ka-bands. The angular stability of the converter is examined, and it possesses a stable AR response up to 50° (for ϕ = 0°) and 40° (for ϕ = 90°). The design is compact with the periodicity of 0.107λL x 0.141λL, where λL is the free-space wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency over the broadband. Authors' strongly believed that the proposed design has broadband 3 dB AR, better angular stability, and compactness made it suitable for countervailing the effect of Faraday rotation in satellite communication applications.


Segmentation is an essential and crucial process in 2D-PAGE image analysis. Although several software packages and techniques have been developed and are broadly utilized in biology laboratories, none of them can optimally segment 2D-PAGE images. This paper presents an effective approach for 2D-PAGE image segmentation. This approach extends our previous work by improving the segmentation accuracy. Experiments were conducted on a set of synthetic 16-bit 2D-PAGE images containing ~2000 spots of various intensities. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to evaluate a spot segmentation method on 2D-PAGE images using a set of synthetic images that provide the challenges of real ones; inhomogeneous background, noise and artifacts, as well as faint, saturated and highly overlapping protein spots. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms state of the art software packages and techniques since it: 1) generates more accurate boundaries and 2) separates overlapping spots correctly.


Various papers on cosmology are presented. The general topics addressed include: spectrum and isotropy of the cosmic microwave background; the IR background: early star and galaxy formation; large scale structure from galaxy distributions; large scale structure and the intergalactic medium; velocity-dependent and velocity-independent evidence for dark matter; dark matter candidates and alternatives.


The model of FET Shottky on GaAs with submicrons sizes is submitted. The calculations are conducted by a method of macroparticles in kinetic approach. The calculation FET with width of a gate 0,24 micron was spent. The static performances and a distribution function of carriers in time are obtained. The mode of formation of clouds of a space charge was observed. The spectral distribution of noise in the transistor is obtained.


The overall objective of this paper is to design and analyze a composite drive shaft for power transmission applications. A one-piece drive shaft for rear wheel drive automobile was designed optimally using EGlass/Epoxy and High modulus (HM) Carbon/Epoxy composites. In this paper an Analytical and ANSYS Software has been successfully applied to minimize the weight of shaft which is subjected to the constraints such as torque transmission, Static Structural capacities. The results of Analytical Analysis are used to perform static analysis using ANSYS software. The results show the stacking sequence and fibre angle orientation of shaft strongly affects static strength of shaft.


The HPPO process is the first commercially available process for propylene oxide production that uses hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) as an oxidizing agent and is free of co-products. Propylene oxide is a versatile bulk chemical with high growth rates and is mainly used as a precursor for the production of polyurethanes. The entire process has been newly developed, starting with a laboratory-scale set-up, followed by several years of miniplant operation and culminating in the establishment of a large-scale reference facility with a capacity of 100,000 t/a of propylene oxide in Korea. The process includes a new reactor design and process configuration in conjunction with an optimized catalyst.


We have systematically investigated the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) of Ag nanorod-coupled with end-to-end assembly and influence distance between nanorod using metallic nanoparticle based on the boundary element method (MNPBEM). We focused on the extinction curve of LSPR spectra for investigating the effect of gap spacing for this work. It was found that the extinction curve showed two behaviours, for lower wavelength known as the transversal mode and higher wavelength as the longitudinal mode. For further understanding, we also analyzed the electric field related to LSPR spectra of Ag nanorod-coupled. In end-to-end assembly, the resonance peak of transversal mode shifted to lower wavelength (blue-shift) while for longitudinal mode shifted to higher wavelength (red-shift), both as the spacing gap decreased. Interestingly, for the case in parallel polarization, the peaks of wavelength decay as the gap spacing increased followed a plasmon ruler. We observed the dipole-dipole interaction was the influence in LSPR spectra of Ag nanorod-coupled. According to this result, it is essential to understand the distance dependence in LSPR spectra in coupled noble particle system.


This paper analyzes the information demands of university students from five aspects of the features of information demands, the forms of information demands, the changes of information demands, the barriers of information demands and the approaches to realize information demands in order to prpvide the reference for the service for readers in university library.


By allowing sensors to continuously and autonomously correlate the outcomes of their previous observations and use them to plan for next observations, more effective sensory activities can be achieved. This necessitates that parameters which influence the performance of the sensory task, such as the spatial position and the control parameters of the sensor, possess some sort of a controllable dynamical behavior. In this paper, the authors propose a mathematical formulation which ties together, the state of uncertainty of the sensor and the parameters that control its sensing activities, The proposed model is based on the work of Malyshev et al. (1989) on "Observation Process Optimization". First a model which mimics the uncertainty behavior of the sensor as a function of its control parameters is constructed using a set of first order differential equations which the authors call the differential-uncertainty control model. The active sensing problem is then defined as optimizing an objective function which is constrained by the differential-uncertainty control model as well as other resource constraints which deemed to be significant to the sensory task. A Kalman filter is used, recursively, to update the sensor's estimate of the state of the environment. The authors demonstrate how the sensor continuously optimizes the value of its control parameters, using the formulation, so as to respond to changes in its working environment. An example of a moving vision sensor tracking a moving object is provided to explain the proposed formulation.


Diffusion mixing is a dominant process in the absence of convective mixing in various reservoir processes, such as carbon dioxide (CO2) flooding of fractured reservoirs, heavy-oil and bitumen recovery, solution-gas-drive processes, and the gas-redissolution process in a depleted reservoir. In these processes, the diffusivity governs the rate and extent of mixing of light hydrocarbons/nonhydrocarbons with the oil that enhances the oil recovery through in-situ viscosity reduction. It is one of the key parameters for the design and understanding of displacement processes.
 Because of its significance in various aspects of oil-recovery processes, several experimental and theoretical studies were recently performed on the measurement of gas diffusivity in oils. Experimental work most commonly uses the pressure-decay (PD) concept because of its simplicity and the potential extraction of other necessary parameters, such as Henry's constant. However, the parameter estimation from these tests is dependent on nonlinear regression, which might have several issues such as nonconvergence, nonuniqueness or multiplicity in solution, and high sensitivity toward noise and the time span of the data. Therefore, in this paper, Ratnakar and Dindoruk (2015) is extended and
 New experimental data are provided from a PD test for CO2 diffusion into bitumen at 80°C and approximately 700 psi. A robust inversion technique for parameter estimation is presented for exponentially decaying late-transient data, which can be used with any PD model used in the literature. The validity and applicability of the inversion technique is demonstrated against numerical data that are generated for a PD system by solving a diffusion model with continuity in the state variable (using Henry's constant) and molar flux at the gas/oil interface. Most importantly, the issues with the nonlinear-regression technique are resolved using the linearized technique. The inversion technique presented in the work is dependent on a combination of linear regression and numerical integration using a modified, more-convenient form of the fundamental equations rather than a nonlinear regression on the fundamental equations as derived. This integral-based linear representation avoids the multiple solutions and can be used with limited data sets and/or when noise in the experimental data is significant, especially in industrial-grade experiments.


This study examined the effects of adding a repeated reading intervention on the oral reading fluency of students within the context of the Corrective Reading Decoding Strategies B2 program (Engelmann, Meyer, L. Carnine, Becker, Eisele, & Johnson, 1998). A multiple baseline design across participants was used to determine the effectiveness and efficiency of a repeated reading intervention on student rate and accuracy for both practiced and unpracticed passages. Results showed that the repeated readings intervention provided positive effects on students' rate and accuracy for practiced passages, but did not produce rate and accuracy gains for unpracticed passages. Oral reading fluency, the ability to read a text quickly, accurately, and with proper expression, is a critical but neglected reading skill (Allington, 1983; Fuchs, Fuchs, Hosp, & Jenkins, 2001; National Reading Panel [NRP], 2000). The National Assessment of Educational Progress used oral reading fluency as a major indicator of reading competence among fourth-grade children and found that 44% of the students were disfluent readers (Fuchs et al., 2001; NRP, 2000). Allington noted that students' lack of fluency in oral reading is seldom assessed or treated. Bransford, Brown, and Cocking (2000) argue that reading fluency is most effectively enhanced when students engage in deliberate practice, monitor their performances, and gain feedback about their degree of progress. The NRP (2000) conducted an analysis of studies that focused on fluency development and found that guided repeated oral reading procedures had a clear impact on reading ability of competent readers through Grade 4 and on students with various types of reading problems throughout high school. Samuels (1979) coined the term repeated reading to describe the process of "rereading a short, meaningful passage several times until a satisfactory level of fluency is reached" (p. 404) as a method to build reading fluency. Dowhower (1994) suggested that the method of repeated readings be integrated into daily literacy instruction for regular and struggling readers, as she found that subsequent readings led to higher levels of recall, deeper processing of words in text, and generalized fluency abilities to new passages. Blum and Koskinen (1991) explained that reading practice enhances knowledge, and knowledge enhances interest and continued motivation to practice. Older, struggling readers are often in particular need of interventions to improve their reading fluency. The poor reading habits that are Journal of Direct Instruction 17 The Effects of Repeated Readings on Student Performance in the Corrective Reading Program Journal of Direct Instruction, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 17–27. Address correspondence to Candace Steventon at email@example.com. CANDACE E. STEVENTON and LAURA D. FREDRICK, Georgia State University ingrained after years of practice present an instructional challenge, and inadequate reading rates make it difficult for these students to remember passage details. In addition, many of these students are not highly motivated and often display negative attitudes about reading. Engelmann et al. (1998) designed the Corrective Reading series for struggling readers in Grades 4 through 12. Engelmann et al. employed a Direct Instruction model of teaching that provides (a) explicit instruction of decoding skills, (b) daily practice of oral reading with immediate feedback, (c) daily reading checkouts with specified rate and accuracy criteria, and (d) a management system that rewards students for steady improvements. The programs within the Corrective Reading series include daily peer checkouts on story passages, in which students work in pairs. They read a passage to each other from the day's current lesson and assess accuracy. Next, the students conduct a 1-min timed reading of a passage from the previous lesson. Students earn lesson points for meeting the criteria for these passages. Most students reach the rate and accuracy criteria, but some students struggle and are unable to reach the criteria and attain lesson points. There is little research on the effects of repeated reading on student fluency gains in Direct Instruction programs. Frankhauser, Tso, and Martella (2001) investigated the effects of adding a repeated reading component to the Reading Mastery II (Englemann & Bruner, 1995a) and Reading Mastery Fast Cycle programs (Englemann & Bruner, 1995b). Frankhauser et al. selected four students with learning disabilities who were having difficulty reaching the program's rate and accuracy criterion and investigated the effects of adding a daily 1min timed reading on student performance on the rate checkouts that occur every five lessons in the programs. They implemented multiple phases of (a) using procedures as specified in the program, and (b) adding a daily timing to the program-specified procedures. These researchers found no significant differences for mean number of words read per minute, errors per minute, or number of timings required to meet program-specified criteria. Frankhauser et al. concluded that the Reading Mastery program provided sufficient practice of word recognition and fluency skills for students in need of reading remediation. Ungless (as cited in Grossen, 1997) investigated the degree to which the addition of repeated readings provided additive effects on student performance in Corrective Reading. Ungless found no apparent benefit gained by additional repeated readings. In spite of these findings suggesting that in some circumstances, repeated readings may not provide added benefit beyond that of Direct Instruction programs, the issue remains important. Given the importance of reading fluency, the difficulties encountered by remedial readers, and the theoretical and empirical evidence regarding the effectiveness of the method of repeated reading (Dowhower, 1994; NRP, 2000; Samuels, 1979), the combination of Direct Instruction with repeated readings is strongly suggested. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of adding a supplemental oral repeated reading component to the Corrective Reading Decoding Strategies Level B2 program. The specific questions were (a) How does the addition of an oral repeated reading component affect students' rate and accuracy performances on in-program timed reading checkouts?, and (b) How does the addition of an oral repeated reading component generalize to unpracticed in-program passages?


ABSTRACT The proper selection and application of various insulation materials is very important in the domain of heat transfer. This article discusses how to select insulation material and on what basis a decision is made for application, concerning material selection and costs, through brief discussion about major insulation materials, properties, economic selection, applications, economics of insulation and thickness, location, and case study.


The present invention provides one kind of biological coagulating agent and the process of treating high turbidity water therewith. The biological coagulating agent has an electrical conductivity of 2.13-16.17 mS/cm and charge density of 120-3055 meq/g. The high turbidity water treating process includes adding the biological coagulating agent into the high turbidity water to eliminate suspended particles, and adding chemical coagulating agent to reduce the residual turbidity to below 5 NTU and eliminate residual aluminum component.


We investigate methods for handling failures in a Paxos State Machine and introduce Live Replacement, which quickly repairs failures at a low cost. Live Replacement enables a failed or disconnected replica to be replaced with a new one, with minimal disruption. Replacement does not rely on a special state machine command, and need not be ordered with respect to other commands. It is therefore independent from the state machine's progress. This enables Live Replacement to guarantee fast reaction to failures with minimal effect on the state machines operation.


Atomically dispersed Pt atoms encapsulated inside ZSM‐5 zeolites are synthesized via thermally induced dispersion under oxygen atmosphere. Dispersion of Pt clusters within ZSM‐5 and silicate‐1 is compared to investigate its dependence on the support and calcination temperature. Detailed density functional theory (DFT) calculations are applied to rationalize the dispersion process, which includes the detachment of Pt species from the bulk and the migration of volatile PtO x species, both of which are accelerated by thermal treatment at high temperature. DFT results also indicate that Al atoms within zeolites provide the anchoring sites to retain the dominated PtO species, though their interaction with the support is weakened with the increase in temperature. Our findings suggest that successful dispersion depends on the strong metal–support interaction and thermal treatment at moderate temperature (500 °C) which is crucial to balance the detachment and fixation of Pt atoms. This study paves the way to further understand the dispersion mechanism and assist in the development of stable single‐atom catalysts.


ITGuru is a powerful simulation environment developed by OpNET Corporation. ITGuru is unique because of its ability to model the entire network, including its routers, switches, protocols, servers, and the individual applications they support. ITGuru improves network designers' ability to identify and solve problems throughout the network. ITGuru assesses application impact, automates diagnostic testing, expedites server capacity planning and consolidation, analyzes failure impact, and enables network growth planningITGuru's Application Characterization Environment (ACE) module enables network designers to identify the root-cause of end-to-end application performance problems, and solve them cost-effectively by understanding the impact of changes.ITGuru's also contains the NetDoctor and Flow Analysis modules. The NetDoctor module provides a customizable environment that enables network professionals and instructors the ability to automate tasks such as validation of routing protocol configurations, verification of network security policies, and performing rules-based network assessments. The Flow Analysis module enables design of fault-tolerant networks, capacity planning, traffic engineering, and routing protocol studies. The OpNET Corporation provides a FREE academic copy of their simulation environment to universities for both teaching and research.


Inspection of aircraft skin is required as per the Corrosion Prevention and Control Program (CPCP) to ensure aircraft structural integrity. Human visual inspection is the most widely used technique in aircraft surface inspection, according to the CPCP. Scheduled inspections and regular maintenance of an aircraft through conventional methods constitute tedious and lengthy procedures. Often the visual inspections lead to subjective judgement and do not constitute repeatability. Many automated vision-based aircraft skin inspection systems have been designed to provide a safe, quick, and accurate visual assessment over the past years. This paper presents a section of research investigating defect detecting and accurately locating the outer body of an aircraft using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) to capture images and digital image processing techniques to locate possible cracks. The inspection system is used to initially detect locations of cracks (defects) on an aircraft's outer skin and the detected crack is further investigated using thermal and ultrasound imaging methods. The scope of this paper includes a review of the design and development of a series of advanced dedicated image processing algorithms suitable for applying digital image processing on images captured from the outer surface of a typical aircraft fuselage.


Cataract surgeons using toric intraocular lens (IOL) calculators are more likely to have better outcomes when using a centroid value for their surgically induced astigmatism (SIA), rather than a mean or a median value.


A simple model based on the statistics of single atoms is developed to predict the stability or lifetime of nanodevices without empirical parameters. Under certain conditions, the model produces the Arrhenius law and the Meyer-Neldel compensation rule. Compared with the classical molecular-dynamics simulations for predicting the stability of monatomic carbon chain at high temperature, the model is proved to be much more accurate than the transition state theory. Based on the ab initio calculation of the static potential, the model can give out a corrected lifetime of monatomic carbon and gold chains at higher temperature, and predict that the monatomic chains are very stable at room temperature.


The history of health, wellness, and illness has the potential to be the next thriving field of research in the Eastern European context, bringingmuch needed transnational and comparative perspective. The communist regimes developed unique approaches and contributions to health, which were then radically challenged during the post-socialist transformation. The Soviet Union certainly had a significant influence in post-war Eastern Europe, but even during the dominance of Soviet models, ideas about health were not necessarily isolated within the borders of the Eastern Bloc. Soviet approaches were re-interpreted and adapted in each local context. Transnational collaborations and the circulation of ideas were often intense, while scientists and practitioners carefully balanced their professional approaches, individual preferences, and the dominant ideology. This created similar experiences of health across the region, but also distinctiveness for scholars to explore. The articles in this special issue are connected by the period and region, and by the similar ideological underpinnings that influenced health policies and practices across the Eastern Bloc. These connections are sometimes evident, but often implicit within broader political and cultural history. Some medical diagnoses were unique to the Soviet Union, as we will see in this volume, but many practices were part of broader medical trends, as this special issue explores in the case of Hungarian psychiatry. These practices were also renegotiated in local settings. Common socialist values and understandings also played an important role. For example, shared socialist ideas about work and productivity informed views on health and disability, creating many similarities between the perception of Soviet and Polish disabled subjects. The authors have used a variety of methods and sources in exploring these issues, adding to the richness of the special issue. They explore topics from the Soviet Union, Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Poland, ranging from examining a uniquely Soviet disease diagnosis, work therapy in psychiatry, abortion and eugenics, and notions of disability. The issue starts with Anastasia Beliaeva's article on "The Case of Vegetovascular Dystonia (VVD)," showing how it was constructed to be one of the most common Soviet diseases, despite the disease not existing in the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases. Beliaeva looks at the origins of the Soviet invention of the VVD, and changes in the diagnosis practices, while connecting it with the broader political environment. The author, who has also discovered VVD in her own medical record, examines the production of medical knowledge, the state influences on the medical profession, and the consequences of diagnosing people with VVD, opening important questions of the cultural construction of disease.


Abstract— In a previous publication we have presented some results on tobacco pith tissue cultures grown in relatively monochromatic light (around 4350,5250, 6600 and 8000 Å).


Recent low-power design utilizes a variety of approaches for Vdd and Vt control to reduce dynamic and leakage power. It is important to be able to explore various low-power design options at a high-level early in the design process. Furthermore, process variation is becoming large and greatly affects the power and delay results. In particular, the delay analysis becomes very complicated and time-consuming with existing tools. This paper proposes a new efficient RTL delay macro-model to address these recent problems. The goal is to provide transistor-level accuracy at the RTL level with Vt and Vdd variability. It also includes the ability to handle PVT variations. The validation of the model is demonstrated by comparison with a circuit simulator and a timing verification tool. The experiments show this macro-model predicts the delay for variable Vdd and Vt with an accuracy of ±5% against HSPICE™ and ±10% against PrimeTime™ for a number of ITC'99 benchmark circuits.


The St. Anthony Mine, in the Laguna mining subdistrict of the Grants uranium district, is slated for remediation. Its "Large Pit" has been accumulating uraniferous runoff and infiltrated groundwater since active mining ended in 1979. The site's responsible party, United Nuclear Corporation, has successfully petitioned for alternative abatement standards of regulated parameters, including uranium, as a result of geochemical modeling (using uranophane) and environmental impact assessments, which predicted unavoidably high levels of dissolved uranium post-reclamation. This study examined the geochemistry and leachability of ore samples to evaluate the potential for uranium, vanadium and arsenic release into groundwater under industrial leaching and post-closure conditions. The uranium ore of St. Anthony Mine is characterized by uraniferous organic matter — where uranium is part of an amorphous, organic-carbon rich matrix, which permeates the sandstone, and a minor secondary, oxidized mineral component. This study did not identify the mineral uranophane. Batch leaching tests showed that significant uranium, vanadium and arsenic are released under oxidizing, alkaline conditions. Groundwater leaching experiments showed appreciable release of uranium and vanadium, but not arsenic. Higher levels of organic carbon in ore material slows leaching rates. 211


— We study the global exponential p -stability (1 ≤ p < ∞ ) of systems of Itˆo nonlinear delay differential equations of a special form using the theory of positively invertible matrices. To this end, we apply a method developed by N.V


Four different methods for calcium precipitation are compared in the optic tectum and the inner ear of the cichlid fish, Oreochromis mossambicus. Several parameters are investigated concerning their influences on the reaction product. Three procedures (bichromate, fluoride, and oxalate‐pyroantimonate) produce fine‐grained deposits, often flocculent in the latter method. The fourth method (potassium‐pyroantimonate) generates predominantly coarse‐grained reaction product. The calcium content of the deposits is always proven with energy‐filtering transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM). In both tissues fine‐grained reaction product is found in endoplasmic reticulum and synaptic vesicles, and in addition in some mitochondria and at the cytoskeleton. The coarse‐grained deposits of the potassium‐pyroantimonate method have a more unspecific distribution. This is the only method which produces extracellular deposits in the inner ear, whereas in the optic tectum extracellular precipitates are always present except with the oxalate‐pyroantimonate procedure. Two factors have an influence on the reaction product: the duration of fixation and the type of resin. The prolongation of the fixation time up to 24 hours leads to an increase of the reaction product, which also becomes coarse‐grained. These observations are corroborated by quantification with image analysis. Furthermore the use of an epoxy resin compared to acrylic resins decreases the amount of reaction product produced. We show that the application of several methods is meaningful in order to understand the calcium properties of the investigated tissue, but it is necessary to optimize a certain method for a given tissue. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The names still have a clarion call, ringing true like cathedral bells -- Gordie Howe, Terry Sawchuk, "Terrible" Ted Lindsay, Sid Abel, Red Kelly -- a great cast of tough, talented hockey players. After all, how many teams can claim to have finished first place six seasons in a row?


Fistula means pipe or tube in Latin. It is a worldwide health problem that can affect any person anywhere. It is an abnormal connection between the epithelised surface of anal canal and usually the perianal skin. Fistula in ano has been a common surgical ailment reported since the time of Hippocrates, but little systematic evidence exists on its management. Fistula in ano is a benign treatable lesion of the rectum and the anal canal. Crypto glandular infection accounts for about ninety percent of the cases. Majority of the infection are acute, and a minority contributed by chronic low grade infection hence pointing to varying etiogenesis. The pathogenesis has been attributed to the bursting open of an acute or inadequate treated ano rectal abscess into the perianal skin. Infection developed in an anal gland lying within the sub mucosa of the anal canal is the direct cause of ABSTRACT


(57) Abstract: One aspect of the present invention is a system for digital color dye film processing. In one embodiment, the developer station, by applying the treatment liquid to the film, initiates the development of metallic silver particles and at least one dye image in the film. Scanning system, with light having at least one frequency in the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, illuminates the coated film. Light interacts with silver and at least one dye image in the film. Scanning station, the light from the film was measured, to generate the sensor data to be transmitted to the data processing system. Data processing system processes the sensor data to generate a digital image. Then, printers, monitors, it is possible to output a digital image on an output device such as a memory device.


This paper discusses from a philosophical perspective a few pairs of dual opposites such as works and authors, influence and value, traditions and creations, beauty and thoughts. Those who write literary history should pay more attention to these opposites. Otherwise, they will not create excellent works of literary history.


The article considers the experience of development, operation and modification of the GPA-16R «Ufa» gas pumping unit, designed for pumping natural gas along gasmains. The author proposes a concept of providing dependability of the compressor blades by technological methods, which take in account the synergy of destruction factors in the components. In the reference to the compressor blades a complex approach is considered, using strengthening ion-plasma and ion-implantation technologies, providing higher erosion and corrosion resistance of the components, as well as resistance to fretting corrosion alongside with higher fatigue resistance. The results of the examination of the effect of the above said strengthening technologies upon operational qualities of the GTE compressor blades are presented in the work.


The prevalence of class III malocclusion ranged from 0 to 26% in different populations. Many types of treatments have been described in dental literature. The results of early treatment have been positive. The purpose of this report is to describe the case of a four-year-old patient with class III malocclusion who received an innovative treatment using direct anterior tracks. This therapy efficiently obtained immediate improvement of profile and occlusal relationships.


Since Sicard and Forestier first described a practical method of bronchography in 1922 (17), there have been relatively few refinements in the technic. The use of fluoroscopy and spot films, exposures in multiple projections, limitation of the amount of oil injected so as to avoid alveolar flooding, and postural drainage or suction of secretions from the discharging lung have all been recommended and incorporated into the bronchographic procedure. In spite of these advances, bronchograms are at times unsatisfactory. The limiting factors, no matter how exhaustive the effort, are (a) spread of the opaque material into the alveoli because of inability to control the cough reflex (an anesthetic failure) and (b) the incomplete opacification of some of the major or segmental bronchi for mechanical reasons. The first factor may be controlled by a careful and experienced topical anesthetist. The effect of the second factor may be partially eliminated by the use of films obtained one-half hour after the initial ex...


This paper presents the semi-automatically created Corpus of Aligned Read Speech Including Annotations (CARInA), a speech corpus based on the German Spoken Wikipedia Corpus (GSWC). CARInA tokenizes, consolidates and organizes the vast, but rather unstructured material contained in GSWC. The contents are grouped by annotation completeness, and extended by canonic, morphosyntactic and prosodic annotations. The annotations are provided in BPF and TextGrid format. It contains 194 hours of speech material from 327 speakers, of which 124 hours are fully phonetically aligned and 30 hours are fully aligned at all annotation levels. CARInA is freely available 1, designed to grow and improve over time, and suitable for large-scale speech analyses or machine learning tasks as illustrated by two examples shown in this paper.


Considering that political science in the Federal Republic developed without a clear understanding of what political scientists could or should do, the graduates have had remarkable success in securing positions, with only 4 per cent being unemployed. Unlike the situation in the United States, where those in university teaching constitute between 75 and 90 per cent of all political scientists, slightly less than 16 per cent of those in the Federal Republic are in university teaching. Their proportion is, however, increasing. Nearly 17 per cent are in the public service, 13 per cent in primary, secondary, and adult education, and nearly 10 per cent in the mass media. A significant percentage is also employed in industry, business, political parties, and labor unions. In Berlin there are more political scientists in the public service than in the Federal Republic as a whole, but there they also face stiff opposition from the public servants, especially in the higher public service which is dominated by law graduates. Those employed by political parties and labor unions have insecure status and little chance for advancement.