While automation studies in banks have focused primarily on consumer transactions, the bulk of the low-volumne, high-dollar interbank funds transfers are already being performed electronically. This article looks at these payment message networks in terms of where they are today and where they could be going in years ahead. Figure I briefly describes the various networks supporting interbank communications and the funds transfers, as well as funds valuation methods and formats used. Last month's article (Bank Administra-Money Transfer Services page 3 tion, August 1976) provided background information on money transfer automation and the rationale for the development of money transfer systems. The Federal Reserve operation of a wire transfer network (Fed Wire) offering same-day credit transfers at no cost for amounts over $1,000 has stimulated a substantial increase in EFT usage by the coporate community . The results have been tòwring" float out of the banking system, with a consequent loss of corporate and correspondent bank balances in commercial banks Many bankers supported industry sponsorship of alternatives to the Fed Wire. In response, a study of the Bank Wire and the need for an alternative network was completed, and plans for a new Bank Wire supported by a cooperative group of banks have been finalized. Economic' justification, in addition to cost savings, is based partly on gaining control over the development of EFT, thereby reducing the threat by Fed or other non-bank competing organizations of controling the corporate payments process. This article will briefly review announced plans for the following bank-to-bank networks : Fed Wire, Bank Wire, SWIFT and CHIPS. Direct sending of magnetic tape (or "dial up" communication or private network communications operated by many organi-Tomorrow and three days in future ; cash capability not presently being used Value dating applicable to correspondent balances Same as ACH settlement schedule President, The Chase Unique and rigid Structures for various types of messages Unique NACHA or SCOPE standard Manhattan Bank N .A. Comments Expected to handle batched ACH high volume transactions Effort underway to consider making Bank Wire formats compatible Expects to handle both high dollar/low volume money market transactions and batched low dollar/high volume consumer small business transactions Transactions are netted with final fund settlement occurring through a single daily debit or' credit to a member's Federal Reserve Account balance Similar in concept to the present BankWire Network Used by Chase Manhat-tan Bank to send electronic items to individual Bank …


This study was done to evaluate the epidemiological pattern and cardiac markers of foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV, SAT2) in naturally infected sheep, in Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. The specific antigen ELISA test confirmed positive FMDV, SAT2 in sheep with oral lesions (14.7%), lameness (22.9%) and in dead sheep (3.97%). Death was highest (p


Highly active anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)‐injured patients are usually recommended surgical treatment as the primary intervention. The objective of this study was to compare the functional outcome in a cohort of individuals after non‐operative treatment to individuals after surgical treatment at a 1‐year follow‐up. One hundred and twenty‐five subjects with a mean age of 27.2 years (±8.6 years), and participating in level I or II activities were included. Baseline and 1‐year follow‐up examination included four single‐legged hop tests, IKDC 2000, KOS‐ADLS, KT‐1000 knee arthrometer measurement, VAS, episodes of giving way, and activity level. Fifty‐one percent went through non‐operative treatment. Non‐operated subjects performed significantly better on two of the four single‐legged hop tests compared with the ACL‐reconstructed subjects at the 1‐year follow‐up. No other differences were observed. Both groups performed an average >90% compared with their uninjured leg on all single‐legged hop tests at the 1‐year follow‐up. The IKCD 2000 scores in the non‐operated and ACL‐reconstructed group were on average 86 and 87. ACL‐injured subjects should be informed of the possibility of success after non‐operative treatment, but future studies are needed to determine significant predictive factors for success for non‐operative and surgically treated individuals.


Propolis samples used for the present study were collected in Transylvania. Our study had the purpose to investigatethe amount of total polyphenols and the correlation that it may exist between the mentioned class of compounds andantioxidant properties. Polyphenolic profile was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method, whileantioxidant activity was investigated by means of free radical scavenging activity (DPPH assay) and ferric reducingantioxidant power (FRAP assay). The content in polyphenols for analyzed propolis samples ranged between 24.46and 62.39 g standard mixture/ 100 g propolis. All propolis samples showed antioxidant activity. The correlationbetween polyphenolic profile of propolis and its antioxidant properties was found to be positive.


Evens et al.1 have given a gauge invariant regularization scheme for QED which they have named nonlocal regularization. We have evaluated the QED vertex part in this scheme of regularization. This result agrees with the expression obtained using dimensional regularization apart from numerical constants.


Immunization with Heat shock proteins (HSPs) elicits a spectrum of immune responses including non-antigen specific immunoregulatory responses and proinflammatory antigen specific responses. While some of the aspects of these mechanisms have been determined, many questions remain. HSPs interact with their receptor, CD91, which is expressed on the surface of antigen presenting cells (APCs). In response to HSPs, APCs upregulate expression of costimulatory molecules, release cytokines, and cross-present HSP-chaperoned peptides. This culminates in activation of T and NK cells, which are both required for an optimal Th1 response. We have uncovered unique signaling cascades in macrophages (MΦ), conventional dendritic cells (cDCs), and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) which include NF-kB and p38 MAPK and result in different downstream immune responses. In MΦ, p38 MAPK mediates phosphorylation of STAT1 at both phosphorylation sites, Y701 and S737. Phosphorylation of STAT1 leads to the secretion of CXCL10 and downstream activation of NK cells. In contrast, cDCs fail to phosphorylate STAT1 at Y701, produce reduced amounts of CXCL10 and do not activate NK cells, thus yielding sub-optimal T cell responses. Alternatively, activation of pDCs by HSPs induces surface expression of NRP1. NRP1 expression allows for engagement and activation of regulatory T cells and downstream suppression of immune responses. Collectively, our data demonstrates that targeting HSPs to particular APCs is critical in elucidating the desired immune response and needs to be considered in future clinical applications.


Ovarian torsion, also known as adnexal torsion, is an infrequent cause of acute abdominal pain (AAP) in adult women (2.7% of cases of acute gynecologic complaints) which typically affects the ovary and the fallopian tube [1]. In most cases it is caused by a reduced venous return from the ovary, usually consequent to stromal edema, internal hemorrhage or presence of an obstructing mass [1]. However, ovarian torsions represent a rare cause of AAP in children, since the etiology, presentation, diagnosis and management often differ from those in adults [2,3].


A blue fluorescent compound according to an embodiment of the present invention is represented by chemical formula 1. [Chemical formula 1] In chemical formula 1, R1 and R2 are each independently one selected from a group including C0 to C18 saturated hydrocarbons, branched saturated hydrocarbons, cyclic saturated hydrocarbons; and Ar_1 and Ar_2 are each independently one selected from a group including C1 to C20 aromatic compounds, hetero aromatic compounds, C1 to C18 saturated hydrocarbons, C1 to C18 branched saturated hydrocarbons, and C1 to C18 cyclic saturated hydrocarbons.


Distributions of temperature and static stability in the Venus atmosphere consistent with recent radio occultation measurements are reproduced using a general circulation model. A low-stability layer is maintained at low- and mid-latitudes at 50–60 km altitude and is sandwiched by high- and moderate-stability layers extending above 60 and below 50  km, respectively. In the polar region, the low-stability layer is located at 46–63 km altitude and the relatively low-stability layer is also found at 40–46 km altitude. To investigate how these thermal structures form, we examine the dynamical effects of the atmospheric motions on the static stability below 65 km altitude. The results show that the heat transport due to the mean meridional circulation is important at low-latitudes. At mid- and high-latitudes, meanwhile, the baroclinic Rossby-type wave plays an important role in maintaining the thermal structure. In addition, appreciable equatorward heat transport is found to maintain the deep and low-stability layer in the polar region, which might be induced by the interaction between the baroclinic Rossby-type wave in the low-stability layer and the trapped Rossby-type wave below it.


One vision of the future is an era of 'personal genomics', wherein '-omic' data will predict the phenotype of an individual (e.g. disease susceptibility, morphological anomalies, etc...). This requires a mechanistic description of how genetic variation leads to specific phenotypic variation (and why to that phenotypic variation and not to other). This requires, in other words, to understand the relationship between genetic and phenotypic variation, also called the genotype-phenotype map or GP map (Lewontin, 1974; Alberch, 1991). How to develop predictive models of such relationship is an open question. One interesting kind of phenotypes are multivariate quantitative phenotypes. These are phenotypes that are only adequately described by multiple traits (i.e. multivariate) that take quantitative continuous or nearly-continuous values. An example is morphology. The morphology of an organ, for example the wing of a fly, can not be described by a one trait, for example its length, nor even by two, its length and width. A quantitative description of wing morphology, necessarily requires several traits (i.e. the length of each of its veins and its perimeter, Figure 1A). There are several theoretical approaches to the GP map of multivariate quantitative phenotypes. These can be aligned along an axis going from the very statistical approach of quantitative genetics to the mechanistic approach of mathematical models of developmental biology and evolution. The first one, quantitative genetics, is perceived to lay, together with population genetics, at the heart of classic evolutionary theory and animal and plant breeding (Falconer & Mackay, 1996). One of the aims of quantitative genetics is to disentangle which proportion of the phenotypic variance in a trait is due to genetic variance, which to additive genetic variance and which to the environment and other sources. Additive genetic variance is the variance due to alleles that have a fixed effect on the value of a phenotypic trait. This is variance due to alleles whose effect does not depend on the other alleles in the same locus or, more in general, to alleles in other loci. There are several ways to estimate such variance but most relay in comparing the phenotypic trait values between individuals of known genetic relatedness (e.g regression between parent and offspring phenotypic trait values). From the additive variance of a trait it is possible to estimate how a trait average will change in a population through the breeder's equation:


Although the majority of civil wars end when one warring party achieves a victory over the other, negotiated agreements are growing more common as a means of ending intrastate conflict. To explain why some negotiated settlements prove stable and others do not, scholars have examined the impact of factors such as superpower conflict, group identities, and third-party guarantors. This article argues that those negotiated settlements that are the most extensively institutionalized—that is, that provide institutional guarantees for the security threats antagonists face as they move toward a situation of centralized state power—are the ones most likely to prove stable. An analysis of all settlements negotiated to end intrastate conflicts during the period between 1945 and 1997 supports this proposition.


This paper describes an index for judging the severity of transient events in simulation. The integral square generator angle (ISGA) index strongly penalizes diverging generators but also accounts for steady-state transfer levels. This paper presents decision trees (DTs) and the ISGA index for contingency ranking and screening. Then, the ISGA is demonstrated for finding combinations of discontinuous feedforward controls to stabilize an event.


Profit-maximizing behavior determines the rents that will be bid for a piece of land in an agricultural or urban context, and competition among potential users determines the resulting use of that land. Techniques recently developed in urban land use theory are shown to apply to agricultural land use as well, and can be particularly useful in studying land use change at the urban fringe. This report highlights the economic principles governing land use and ways in which they can be applied in current and future land use research.


We calculated Coulomb scattering rates from quantum dots (QDs) coupled to a 2D carrier reservoir and QDs coupled to a 3D reservoir. For this purpose, we used a microscopic theory in the limit of Born-Markov approximation, in which the numerical evaluation of high dimensional integrals is done via a quasi-Monte Carlo method. Via a comparison of the so determined scattering rates, we investigated the question whether scattering from 2D is generally more efficient than scattering from 3D. In agreement with experimental findings, we did not observe a significant reduction of the scattering efficiency of a QD directly coupled to a 3D reservoir. In turn, we found that 3D scattering benefits from it's additional degree of freedom in the momentum space.


technology is growing day by day in various fields and image retrieval is one of the most of them, it is more interesting and fastest growing research areas. It is an effective and efficient tool for managing large image databases. In most Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) systems, images are represented and differentiated by a set of low-level visual features; hence a direct correlation with high- level semantic information will be absent. Therefore, a gap exists between high-level information. In this paper they proposed novel approach for content based image retrieval was two tier architecture model is used for most accurate retrieval. In the first tier first feature extraction process done using PSO with SVM classifier, after successful classification in first tier the retrieved result has been passed into the second tier classifier. And in the second tier KNN classifier is used but as they knew that GA is one of the optimization technique and it produces the best optimized result in maximum cases so it is applied with the KNN classifier, and it produces more accurate and efficient compared result. Keywordsbased image retrieval (CBIR), feature extraction, SVM, PSO, KNN, GA, object optimization.


Electric propulsion is a technological alternative to the internal combustion engine. However, the transition to electric propulsion represents a considerable challenge. The European Network on Electric Vehicles and Transferring Expertise (ENEVATE) has undertaken an analysis of the supply chain for the Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) in North-West Europe to identify the challenges and develop strategies for a strong BEV sector. A production structure analysis, make or buy analysis, value-add analysis, white spot analysis and competitor analysis were conducted in that context. It was found that North-West Europe has a good potential for the development of a healthy BEV sector owing to its innovative automotive industry, strong financial background, flexible production lines and skilled workers. However, without improvements in the level of BEV production, Research and Development (R&D) investments, infrastructure and market share, these advantages are not necessarily sufficient for the region to be a leader in the global BEV industry.


Currently, estimations of the crack width in the deck slab of bridges given by codes of practice are based on either theoretical or empirical approaches considering mainly the monotonic loading behavior. However, cracking in reinforced tensile members is highly influenced by the loading history (including both the loading and unloading processes) because of the irreversible nonlinear behavior of bond and of tensile response of concrete, resulting into residual cracks of non-negligible width. This paper investigates the influence of this phenomenon and presents a physical model describing it. An analytical model is developed and its results are compared to various tests with good agreement. Finally, a simple design formula is derived and recommendations for its application to practical cases are proposed.


Inkjet printing technology is widely used in the manufacture of conformal structures, such as load-bearing antennas or frequency-selective surface radomes. It is particularly promising for preparing conductive patterns on non-developable surfaces. Existing printing technologies employ a single nozzle and a five-axis linkage technique for printing, which is time-consuming. In this study, a conformal plane printing technology based on the arrayed nozzle was developed to prepare conductive patterns on a non-developable surface. The technique actualizes fast printing of passive circuits on a conformal surface, such as a microstrip antenna. Compared to printing techniques employing a single nozzle, the proposed method greatly improves the printing efficiency on conformal surfaces. Specifically, we first developed a model for the driver waveforms and the printing injection parameters via simulation. Subsequently, the accuracy of the computational fluid dynamic simulation results was validated by comparing them with the experimental measurements of droplet trajectory captured using a camera. Next, a droplet spreading model was established, considering energy conservation principles. Finally, a conformal surface printing technology using arrayed nozzles was developed based on the injection parameter and droplet spreading models. The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed printing method were further validated via simulation and experimental tests of return loss.


The purpose of this paper is to examine how libraries are working with multilingual speakers in their area and how they can develop library services with help from the locals. We focus on how Biskopsgardens public library in Gothenburg, Sweden, has worked as a multicultural meeting place after their participation in the ESME project. The ESME-project "Libraries for all" was an EU project that ran from 2009 to 2011 with the goal to develop a multicultural library service. We conducted one semi-structured interview and performed an observation at the library. The main results we found was that the library became more open minded and cooperative with the locals in Biskopsgarden after their participation in the ESME-project. Our conclusions are that a project such as ESME surely can work but to gain the long-lasting effect on society you have to keep on the good work and develop your operation.


This paper summarizes specifications and test results according to the OPS (Ontario Provincial Standards) requirements for granular base, Portland cement concrete, and asphalt cement concrete. Laboratory test results show that whiteware ceramic is an extremely hard and durable material that meets the physical requirements for some of the most demanding aggregates. Tests for potential alkali-silica reaction and a limited number of engineering properties have also been carried out.


We present a new technique for measuring velocity gradients for laminar shear flow, using dynamic light scattering in the strongly multiple-scattering regime. We derive temporal autocorrelation functions for multiply scattered light, taking into account particle displacements arising from deterministic shear flow and random Brownian motion. The laminar shear flow and Brownian motion are characterized by the relaxation rates τS−1=Γ¯k0l*/30 and τB−1 = Dk02, respectively, where Γ¯ is the mean shear rate of the scatterers, k0 = 2πn/λ is the wave number in the scattering medium, l* is the transport mean free path of the photons, and D is the diffusion coefficient of the scatterers. We obtain excellent agreement between theory and experiment over a wide range of shear rates, 0.5sec−1<Γ¯<200sec−1. In addition, the autocorrelation function for forward scattering is independent of the scattering properties of the medium and depends only on the mean shear rate and sample thickness when τS is much less than τB. Thus the mean shear rate can be simply determined by a single measurement.


Blast is caused by the Ascomycete Pyricularia oryzae and is the most important disease affecting rice in the world. Besides rice, wheat is affected by blast caused by P. oryzae in Brazil, Paraguay and Bolivia. The high genetic-pathotypic variability observed in local populations of P. oryzae is probably responsible for the low resistance durability of rice and wheat cultivarsto this disease and may also be determinant in eventsof 'host shift' by the pathogen. This review aims to present important aspects of the sexual reproduction of P. oryzae, as well as information about the regulatory mechanisms of the pathogen sexual cycle by the genes mating type and pheromones in a specific recognition system. Understanding the reproductive biology and the importance of P. oryzae sexual cycle is essential for blast disease management based on durable resistance.


Introduction. Part One: Race and the Journalistic Routine 1. Yes We Did?: Race, Myth and the News Revisited 2. Newsroom Diversity and Representations of Race 3. Network News Coverage of Race in the Era of Obama 4. "New" News, Hegemony and Representations of Black Male Athletes 5. From the Water Cooler to the World Wide Web: Race and Audience Commentary on News Stories On-line 6. Ethnic News Media and Marginalization: African-American Newspaper Coverage of the AIDS Crisis. Part Two: Covering Race: Contemporary Case Studies 7. Simple Incivility or Outright Racism? How Newspapers Covered Joe Wilson's Outburst during Obama's Congressional Health Care Address 8. The Real Price of Oppression: Fox News Coverage of the Virginia Tech Shooter 9. "Nappy-Headed Hos": Media Framing, Blame Shifting and the Controversy over Don Imus' Pejorative Language 10. Recoding New Orleans: Race, Representation and When the Levees Broke 11. Localizing Terror, Creating Fear in Post 9/11 Local TV News 12. Reinterpreting Objectivity: Toward a Critical Approach to News Consumption. Afterword: Rethinking the News: How American Journalism Can Improve Coverage of Race and Racism


During testing of a gas turbine engine with strain-gauged parts, a three-dimensional plot of stress amplitude and frequency against time (or engine speed) greatly facilitates presentation of data in an easily understandable form. It is shown how advances can be made from such '3D' plots while presenting data rapidly, automatically and still in traditional formats. Examples are presented to indicate how such techniques can save analysis time, improve engineering understanding and enable a more rapid turn-round of engine tests. The methods described also assist recovery of information which, by conventional methods, would be lost in background interference.


1. The nucleolar and cell body dry mass and nucleic acid content of hypoglossal neurones were measured in adult rats using interference microscopy and ultra‐violet absorption microspectrography.


We discuss the final stages of double ionization of atoms in a strong linearly polarized laser field within a classical model. We propose that all trajectories leading to nonsequential double ionization pass close to a saddle in the phase space that we identify and characterize. The saddle lies in a two degree of freedom subspace of symmetrically escaping electrons. The distribution of a longitudinal momenta of ions as calculated within the subspace shows the double hump structure observed in experiments. Including a symmetric bending mode of the electrons allows us to reproduce the transverse ion momenta. We discuss also a path to sequential ionization and show that it does not lead to the observed momentum distributions.


Abstract Background Currently, the effects of motivational interviewing (MI) on children's behavioral changes remain obscure. Purpose This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of MI on children's lifestyle behavioral changes (fruits and vegetables [F/V], dairy, sugary beverages, calories, snacks, fat intake, moderate vigorous physical activity [MVPA], and screen time). Methods Six databases (CINAHL, Cochrane, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Sciences) from 2005 to 2022 were searched. Thirty-one intervention studies with a comparison group met the criteria. Random-effects models were performed to estimate the pooled effects; exploratory moderation analyses with mixed-effects models were used to explore potential intervention moderators. Results The pooled effect size was 0.10 (p = .334) on ↑F/V, 0.02 (p = .724) on ↑dairy, −0.29 (p < .001) on ↓calories, −0.16 (p = .054) on ↓sugary beverages, −0.22 (p = .002) on ↓snacks, −0.20 (p = .044) on ↓fat, 0.22 (p = .001) on ↑MVPA, and −0.06 (p = .176) on ↓screen time. The effects of MIs were moderated by ↑MI sessions regarding ↓snacks (B = −0.04, p = .010). Multicomponent and clinical programs had greater effects on dairy intake than their counterparts (0.09 vs. −0.21, p = .034; 0.12 vs. −0.14, p = .027, respectively). Similarly, interventions with a fidelity check resulted in greater dairy intake than those without a check (0.29 vs. −0.15, p = .014). A few long-term follow-up assessments revealed effects on ↓F/V (−0.18; p = .143, k = 2), ↓dairy (−0.13, p = .399, k = 4), ↓MVPA (−0.04; p = .611, k = 6), and ↑screen time (0.12; p = .242, k = 4). Conclusions Our findings support the short-term effects of MI on improving children's lifestyle behaviors. Additional investigations are needed to better sustain children's long-term behavioral changes.


What can the Jews of the world, especially those of the free world, do towards the elimination of the Judaeo-Arab rift?


The article considers wave patterns of the relative dynamics of GDP and accumulated incoming FDI in China, India, and Japan. Based on the analysis of patterns, the author justifies the belonging of these countries to different trend groups. The forecast of transition of the three countries to new groups is given.


Topological crystalline insulators (TCIs) are new states of matter whose topological distinction relies on the crystalsymmetryofperiodicsolids.ThefirstmaterialrealizationofTCIshasrecentlybeenpredictedandobserved in IV-VI semiconductor SnTe and related alloys. By combining k · p theory and band structure calculation, we present a unified approach to study topological surface states on various crystal surfaces of these TCI materials based on the electronic structure of the bulk. Depending on the surface orientation, we find two types of surface states with qualitatively different properties. In particular, the (111) surface states consist of four Dirac cones centered at ¯ (cid:2) and ¯ M , while Dirac cones on (001) and (110) surfaces are located at non-time-reversal-invariant momenta. The latter types of surface states exhibit a Lifshitz transition as a function of Fermi energy, which is accompanied by a Van Hove singularity in the density of states arising from saddle points in the band structure.


A number of case studies are examined for play concepts and leads using vintage seismic data that was processed with state-of-the-art pre-processing and imaging techniques. The Adriatic Sea was selected based upon the maturity of the Italian margin against the new exploration area of the Croatian margin. The Levantine basin, offshore Lebanon ranks as a region of new territory based on re-processing of vintage 2D data that led to optimized 3D data acquisition and superior imaging of the entire section. Re-processing examples from offshore Namibia are benefiting from improved pre-processing and geologically constrained velocity model building and imaging.


Abstract : Fourteen candidate wire alloys were evaluated against the standard deck-pendant wire material, (extra-improved plow steel, EIPS), for their tension, torsion, impact/abrasion resistance, and fatigue-performance properties--as well as their resistance to form brittle transformations at the wire surfaces under impact/abrasion conditions. Cost considerations for the new materials were also included in the evaluation criteria. None of the four better-performing candidate alloys showed transformations after impact/abrasion, while the EIPS showed a definite transformation to what was concluded to be untempered martensite. The effects of impact/abrasion (and presumably the transformation) caused the EIPS to lose 81 percent of its unabraded fatigue life. All of the better-performing candidate alloys suffered some lesser reduction in fatigue life. The two candidate alloys that performed the best were MP35N and Elgiloy. However, their rapidly escalating and current high costs are believed to be too high to justify their promise of improved deck-pendant reliability and life. Therefore, the two lower-cost alloys, Inconel 718 and 11R51SH, were recommended for experimental rope manufacture and evaluation. (Author)


The design of 9kW permanent magnet brushless DC motor using the combination of magnetic circuit and electromagnetic field solution was presented in the paper.Main electromagnetic parameters,the number and shape of stator slot,the structure of stator and rotor were determined by using the equivalent magnetic circuit while no-load electromagnetic field and speed-torque characteristic were analyzed by means of electromagnetic field analysis software MagNet.The test values of no-load speed and current of the prototype motor match well with the results of simulation analysis.The validity of this method was shown in the motor design.


Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L.) is a palm of the Arecaceae family, which occurs in Cerrado, being found notably in the paths. Buriti fruit stands out for having a complex chemical composition, with na emphasis on its lipid fraction. However, depending of the region where the fruits occur, this vegetable oil may have different characteristics. In this sense, this work aimed to characterize the buriti oil from three municipalities in northern region of Minas Gerais. Physical-chemical characterization analyzes were performed, fatty acid profile by gas chromatografy, lutein, αand βcarotenes by high performance liquid chromatography and total carotenoids by spectrophotometry. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the samples from each region analyzed. Besides, the oil presented good yield, excellent physical-chemical quality, in addition to being a rich source of unsaturated fatty acids and total carotenoids. Thus, buriti oil from the northern region of Minas Gerais has good potential for application by the food industry.


This is the kind of text that Americans are very good at. It is encyclopaedic in scope, has many useful tables and graphics, is well laid out, clearly written and handsomely bound. Its scope is best illustrated by a list of chapter headings: 1. Perspectives on career guidance and counseling: Needs, traditions and emerging challenges 2. Work: Some contemporary and emerging perspectives 3. The American occupational structure 4. The development of career behavior and choice 5. Career development and counseling of special populations 6. Systematic planning for career guidance and counseling 7. Career guidance in the elementary school 8. Career guidance in the junior high/middle school 9. Career guidance in the senior high school 10. Career guidance and counseling in higher education 11. Career counseling in the workplace 12. Special adult career concerns I 13. Special adult career concerns II 14. Helping strategies in career guidance and counseling 15. Information in career guidance and counseling 16. Assessment in career guidance and counseling 17. Research and social issues in career guidance and counseling. Herr and Cramer's approach is to provide a survey of theory, research, practice and resources. When this is done so comprehensively between the covers of one book, even readers with long experience of the field will be surprised at the variety, history and extent of work in career development in its range of incarnations. The work stresses several themes: • careers work should be seen as a means of fostering human development and mental health • it requires a developmental rather than a crisis or remedial approach • a variety of techniques, assessment tools and materials can be identified and used by the practitioner to achieve student or client outcomes • certain research and social issues must be dealt with before the field will progress to professional maturity. The authors believe that a developmental approach requires


The paper examines the hypothesis that the devaluation of the domestic currency leads to the higher exchange rate pass-through at the zero lower bound since the interest rate channel cannot offset effects of the depreciation in that situation. Time-varying vector autoregression with stochastic volatility is used to identify the development of the pass-through. The hypothesis is tested on the Czech dataset because the Czech Republic is considered as the prototypical small open economy with inflation targeting. The assumption of higher pass-through to consumer prices at the zero lower bound is rejected. Obtained results confirm that the deprecation stimulates output growth slightly more when the interest rate is close to zero. Our estimations imply that the exchange rate commitment of the Czech National Bank increased the price level by 0.116 % and contributed to the output growth by 0.781 %. JEL Classification C32, E52, F41


The production principle and process flow of flake caustic soda are introduced.Matters needing attention in the selection of materials of devices,such as alkali solution tank,boiling pot,feed supplement pump,discharge pump and flaking machine,are analyzed as well as the appropriate materials.The anticorrosion measures adopted to prolong the service life of these devices are elaborated.


Cellular events correlated to the histamine release process were studied in rat peritoneal mast cells applying the dye toluidine blue as histamine-discharging agent. The effects of toluidine blue were studied both in the presence and absence of calcium. Histamine release was clearly dose-dependent within the range 2X10––5 m toluidine blue to 4X10––4 m. Whereas spontaneous histamine release values were in the order of a few percent, maximum release in the presence of calcium amounted to 65–80%. Histamine release was accompanied by characteristic morphologic changes in the cells: granule fine structure was markedly altered, perigranular vacuoles were formed and, through repeated fusions of the vacuole-delimiting membranes, large caveolae containing granule matrices arose. In fortuitous sections, these cavities were seen to communicate with the extracellular space through pores, often of substantial size. Granule extrusion from the cellular domain to the surrounding medium, although it did occur to a certain extent, was not a prominent feature of the histamine release process. The dose-response curve for histamine release was lowered by roughly one half in the absence of calcium. This was reflected in mast cell morphology by a decreased tendency towards granule alteration and vacuole formation. The present observations are viewed in the light of various suggested models for the mode of histamine release from mast cells.


We present analyses of a nightside plasmaspheric pattern of bifurcated, filamentary He(+) 30.4-nm emission enhancements observed by IMAGE EUV between approximately 19:40-22:13 UT on 28 June 2000 that indicate the presence of a large-scale, global ULF standing wave pattern. Analysis of coincident IMAGE magnetometer chain data reveals that these ULF waves extend across the magnetic latitude-longitude range of the chain and possess multiple spectral features between 0.6-5-mHz (3-30 minute period). Additionally, analysis of ACE SWE data reveals similarly structured spectral components in the solar wind. Collectively, these analyses lead to the conclusion that the observed large-scale ULF wave pattern is the result of solar wind pressure pulses 'ringing' the inner-magnetosphere.


In the new century,laws and regulations of school security management in kindergartens,primary schools and middle schools should be further researched and put into practice as new situation new characteritics come up in sceurity management.The article discusses the necessity and importance of school security management and also the problems and strategies in its practice.


This paper presents an approach for repairing word order errors in English text by reordering words in a sentence and choosing the version that maximizes the number of trigram hits according to a language model. The novelty of this method concerns the use of an efficient confusion matrix technique for reordering the words. For further reducing the number of permutations the use of unigramspsila probability is used. The comparative advantage of this method is that works with a large set of words, and avoids the laborious and costly process of collecting word order errors for creating error patterns.


A new polishing technique for the aluminum (Al) metallization is developed, referred to as an Abrasive-Free, Chemical-Mechanical-Polishing (AFP) technique, in which aqueous amine and hydrogen-peroxide (H/sub 2/O/sub 2/) solution is used as a polishing liquid. Scratch-free Al plugs embedded in SiO/sub 2/ films are obtained by the AFP with the high polishing selectivity of the Al to SiO/sub 2/.<<ETX>>


Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, which leads to focal plaques of demyelination and axonal impairment in the central nervous system. Multiple sclerosis occurred in brain tissue, optic nerve and spinal cord, mainly in brain tissue, which leads to severe progressive neurological dysfunction, such as blindness, paralysis and death. There are about 65,000 patients with MS in China, and recently the incidence rate of MS is increasing, which is the most familiar factor for non-traumatic deformity in the third or fourth decade of life. In this paper, regions of interesting were chosen in MRI T2WI as research object; we used a new neighborhood difference method to analyze the texture features of MRI for patients with MS. Four parameters were extracted from the region of interests by neighborhood difference method. Via screening statistical significant parameters, we found two eigenvectors to represent the sample. We discussed the microcosmic variety of brain white matter throughout extracted texture parameters and found there was significant difference between normal brain white matter and normal appearing white matter, which was proved by the statistical analysis. This study will be beneficial to the research of early diagnosis and treatment estimate of MS.


The invention discloses a washing machine with a bucket self-cleaning function. The washing machine comprises a box assembly, an inner bucket and an outer bucket which are arranged in the box assembly, and a spray assembly arranged at the upper ends of the inner bucket and the outer bucket, wherein the spray assembly comprises a water inlet port, a water outlet hole and a cavity; the water inlet port is communicated with the water inlet valve of the washing machine, and the water outlet hole is formed in a gap between the inner bucket and the outer bucket. The washing machine disclosed by the invention is capable of leading water entering the water inlet valve of the washing machine into the cavity of the spray assembly by a water guide tube, and uniformly spraying water in a narrow area between the inner bucket and the outer bucket; meanwhile, the inner bucket runs at a high speed to impact each part of the sprayed area to achieve a cleaning requirement, thus the stains of the washing machine are automatically cleaned out to avoid secondary pollution.


Abstract Tradeable-permit systems are at the center of current interest and activity in market-based reforms of environmental policy, because these systems can offer significant advantages over conventional approaches to pollution control. Unfortunately, claims made for their relative cost-effectiveness have often been exaggerated. Transaction costs, which may be significant in these markets, reduce trading levels and increase abatement costs. In some cases, equilibrium permit allocations and hence aggregate control costs are sensitive to initial permit distributions, providing an efficiency justification for politicians′ typical focus on initial allocations.


The practical manual contains very useful information on practical aspect of agro meteorological observatory. The book contains twelve exercises on agrometeorological observatory, study of different soil and air thermometer, measurement of rainfall, rate of evaporation, wind measurement instruments, evapotranspiration, bright sun shine and radiation measurement instruments, measurement of atmospheric pressure, relative humidity,dew, automatic weather station and preparation of synoptic chart have been discussed in this book.


Comparative studies are of increasing importance when trying to understand population groups that shape French and francophone societies. When these groups are involved in social and cultural changes, interdisciplinary research is especially valuable. This article argues that Grounded Theory methodology is helpful when studying issues of change in a comparative setting. Grounded Theory, which allows for maximum flexibility, aims at inducting theory from interview data collected in such a way so as to allow respondents to speak on their own terms. This reduces the risk of an analytical framework imported from one context leading to misreading of experiences shaped in other contexts. The major strategy is a general method of comparative analysis that aims at explanation of behavior. This article describes application and outcomes of this methodology in examining attitudes and perceptions of Moroccan women and women of Moroccan origin in France.


State Owned Enterprises (SOEs) have for many decades delivered essential goods and services in both developed and developing economies. However, in recent times, a majority of SOEs have become a drain on national budgets in many developing countries, partly as a result of poor investments and various structural problems. While the Washington Consensus thought that privatization was going to provide the needed solution through fiscal benefits, the results have largely proved elusive in developing countries. This paper assesses the extent to which fiscal benefits could determine the survival or privatization of SOEs in sub-Saharan Africa. It also examines the nonconventional factors that mitigate against privatization of failing SOEs in these countries. The World Bank's World Development Indicators for 2018 were the main source of data for the study. A Binary Logistic Regression Model was estimated for the survival of SOEs in a representative sub-Saharan Africa country with substantial experience in development partner induced privatization. The results show that fiscal benefits do not significantly influence SOEs surviving privatization efforts. Real lending rate, inflation rate, and a combined effect of mismanagement, corruption, political and external influence significantly influence SOE survival. Economies of sub-Saharan Africa will have to refrain from privatizing SOEs for short term fiscal benefits and rather concentrate on significantly reducing


Research and development (RD) is the source of innovation in corporations. The major reason for the failure of innovation is not immature technology but poor management. With the current development in the changing market environment and global RD activities, it is strategically important to realize the risks involved in corporate innovation, undertake organization innovation, form learning-oriented RD teams, and ensure the efficiency of information transfer by building an effective communication network.


In this paper, a novel compact graphene-based six-way power divider is presented. It has planar structure and can be manufactured easily through PCB process combined with laser etching. Circular graphene film is utilized as omnidirectional isolation resistance between arbitrary two output ports, avoiding traditional welding process of fussy lumped resistance. The six-way power divider, realized by double-layer microstrip structure, works at the frequency range from 1.8GHz to 2.8GHz. The final simulation result shows that the structure has a distribution loss of 8dB and an insertion loss of ±0.6dB, the port isolation is always better than 20dB.


On the construction of large-span prestressed box beam Cantilever,the parameter frequent changes in concrete modulus E,coefficient of thermal expansion α.In a certain temperature case,the change of concrete parameters will cause the changes on internal stress and strain of the bridge and the difference of the changes will affect the bridge safety.Accordingly,based on a bridge cross-section of a temperature field and combined with the actual bridge construction,give concrete Cantilever bridge parameters change,calculated and analyzed the sphere of influence of parameters on the stress and strain fields of bridge,asked the law of sensitivity on stress changes.Summarize the sensitivity factors of temperature stress which is used to improve bridge safety.


The authors present two cases of ureteral stones in two male babies aged 3 years and 18 months respectively. The expulsion of these stones did not subside the symptomatology, than an attentive clerking was done and revealed a recurrent symptomatology which associated nonspecific digestive and genito urinary signs and a right iliac fossa pain which was present on physical examination. All of these signs were ameliorated after appendectomy and none of these children presented with any calculi pathology. Histology carried out on the appendices revealed signs of appendicitis The discussion now brings out an etiological link between the appendicitis and the stones that were observed with the associated signs and symptoms.


When a JPEG image is compressed using the loss compression method with a high compression rate, a blocking phenomenon can occur in the image, making it necessary to restore the image to its original quality. In particular, restoring compressed images that are unrecognizable presents an innovative challenge. Therefore, this paper aims to address the restoration of JPEG images that have suffered significant loss due to maximum compression using a GAN-based net-work method. The generator in this network is based on the U-Net architecture and features a newly presented hourglass structure that can preserve the charac-teristics of deep layers. Additionally, the network incorporates two loss functions, LF Loss and HF Loss, to generate natural and high-performance images. HF Loss uses a pretrained VGG-16 network and is configured using a specific layer that best represents features, which can enhance performance for the high-frequency region. LF Loss, on the other hand, is used to handle the low-frequency region. These two loss functions facilitate the generation of images by the generator that can deceive the discriminator while accurately generating both high and low-frequency regions. The results show that the blocking phe-nomenon in lost compressed images was removed, and recognizable identities were generated. This study represents a significant improvement over previous research in terms of image restoration performance.


This paper presents an enhancement of the two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method for : measuring spatial accessibility between three age groups, addressing the problem of uniform access within the catchment by applying multiple impedance function to account for distance decay and by applying weights to different age groups to account for medical service preference. The enhancement is provided to be another special care of the gravity model. When applying this modified three-step floating catchment area to measure the spatial access to emergency medical services in a study area, Chungnam province in South Korea, we find that it reveals the variation of spatial accessibility patterns between cities and rural areas and delineates more spatially explicit medical service shortage areas in southern Chungnam areas, especially remoted local rural areas. Finally, this method may be used to help the health and medical service divisions and the state departments improve designation of medical shortage areas. From the discussions, it is easy to implement in planning spatial policies of medical service and straightforward to be used as a basic, but core element for health and medical strategies in the province.


JC virus (JCV), a human polyomavirus, belongs to the polyomaviridae. The JC virion conatins three capsid proteins(VP1, VP2 and VP3)and a viral minichromosome. VP1 is the major capsid protein constituting approximately 75 % of the total proteins. We generated JCV virus-like particles(VLPs)when the major capsid protein VP1 was expressed in E. coli. The recombinant VLPs were demonstrated to be able to package and deliver exogenous DNA into mammalian cell. These findings indicate that the recombinant JCV VLP potentially could be used as a human gene transfer vector for gene therapy. A reporter plasmid, pEGFP, was introduced into the E. coli carrying JCV VP1 expressing plasmid. The VLPs purified from the E. coli with dual plasmids were found to package both plasmids as demonstrated by PCR and E. coli transformation. Furthermore, the VLPs which purified from in vivo packaging system were able to deliver the reporter plasmid, pEGFP, into 13 different mammalian cell lines and transduce the gene for expression. In this study, we also tried to determint the limitation of DNA size that could be packaged and protected in the VLP from in vivo packaging system. The maximum size of DNA molecule could be packaged in the VLP was approximately 10 Kbp. The findings demonstrate that the JCV VLP may provide more flexible gene delivery vector in terms of accommodation of large size of DNA molecule. Furthermore, it is easy to purify the VLPs just by using sucrose or CsCl gradient centrifugation. The findings in the thesis indicate that the human JCV VLPs generated in E. coli are potentially to be developed as a gene delivery vector for human gene therapy in the future.


This study considers how suffrage was remembered and forgotten half a century later in coverage of the second wave of American feminism published by the midcentury's leading newsmagazines, Time, Newsweek, and Life. In their initial reporting on "the woman problem," these publications wondered why the achievement of suffrage had not satisfied women's demands; as the movement gained momentum, however, they declared it not only newsworthy but unprecedented. Contrasting current feminism with the simpler, uncontestable goal of gaining the vote, this revised narrative (briefly) legitimized contemporary protesters while deradicalizing and even sentimentalizing suffragists. Yet in later decades when women ran for top political offices, newsmagazine journalism returned to a tone of surprise at each new "wave" of success. Thus, the longer-term news story of American women's political activism remains one of a series of unconnected developments rather than one of continuous effort.


AbstractReviews in the 1970s concluded that African moss taxonomy was in a poor state. A comparison is made between the position then and that of today, using examples of recent taxonomic revisions. It is projected that the eventual number of moss taxa in the area may be reduced from over 3000 taxa to around 1300 if a full taxonomic revision is completed. Collecting activity has been greater in recent years, and is continuing. The need for further collecting and a dramatic increase in taxonomic work is emphasised.


The clinical presentation and outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are characterized by exceptional variability in manifestations, which depend on many factors, one of which is the patient's age. One of the severe life-threatening manifestations in adults is acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), in some cases accompanied by the development of multiple organ failure (MOF). During the first two to three months of the COVID-19 pandemic, the global medical community was inclined to think that this infection is rather mild and not fatal in chil- dren. However, with the accumulation of new information, it became clear that there is a growing recognition of multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) developing in children chronologically associated with SARS- CoV-2, and usually leading to serious consequences. The article presents the most essential epidemiological, clinical and laboratory characteristics of the syndrome, as well as discusses MIS-C pathogenesis and differential diagnosis aspects with a number of other acute conditions associated with imbalance of cytokines, and available pharmaco-therapies. US Pleural effusions, mass lesions, atelectasis, ground glass opacities based on X-ray and MSCT findings Free liquid, ascites, inflammation of mesenterium and intestinal wall, including terminal ileitis, mesenterial lymphadenopathy


Cochrane Library, up to December 2007 were examined. Selection criteria: the population (subjects with musculoskeletal diseases on steroids), the intervention (concomitant use of NSAID), and outcomes related to drugs safety (gastrointestinal, renal, and cardiovascular toxicity). Titles and abstracts of retrieved articles meeting inclusion criteria from the search were reviewed. Only randomized controlled trials (RCT) or high quality cohort studies with a control group were included. Results: Of a total of 4164 references retrieved, 42 were analyzed in detail, and 10 were finally included, 6 RCT and 4 prospective cohort studies, which included more than 20000 patients. Conclusions: The use of NSAID and low dose of steroids in patients with musculoskeletal diseases does not seem to increase the risk of gastrointestinal adverse events.


The purpose and significance of nuclear power simulation are introduced.The category and basic performance and function requirement of nuclear power plant training simulator are also described.According to such requirement,the system structure,composing of hardware and software,design of function etc.of nuclear power plant training simulator are comprehensive explained by introducing a real project example.At last,the evolution of nuclear power plant training simulator is anticipated.


The aim. To determine the degree of increased operative risk in the group of patients with a combination of aortic aneurysms and coronary artery disease compared with those with isolated aortic aneurysms.
Materials and methods. In the period from January 1, 2010 to October 1, 2021 at the National Amosov Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery, 820 patients with aortic aneurysm, including 172 (20.9%) patients with concomitant aortic and coronary artery disease, underwent surgical treatment. Diagnosis was based on standard examination methods such as electrocardiography, transthoracic echocardiography, coronary angiography, and computed tomography without coronary angiography in cases of aortic dissection. In patients with aortic dissection and coronary artery disease, the extent of the lesion was examined mainly by CT diagnosis and Coronary Artery Disease Reporting and Data System (CAD-RADS) scale due to contraindications to coronary angiography.
Results.Thetotalnumberofcomplicationswas26(15.1%)cases.Cerebrovasculardisorderswereobservedin4(2.3%) cases, 3 of which regressed in the postoperative period; in all 4 (2.3%) cases there was a history of acute cerebrovascular disorders. Spinal cord ischemia was observed in 2 (1.2%) cases. Multiple organ failure occurred in the postoperative period in 6 (3.5%) patients, renal failure in 4 (2.3%) patients. Respiratory failure was found in 3 (1.7%) patients. Septic shock occurred in 1 (0.6%) patient. Increased exudation was present in 6 (3.5%) cases requiring rethoracotomy. There were 7 (4.0%) in-hospital deaths, 3 (9.3%) in the acute dissection group and 4 (2.9%) in the aortic aneurysm group without stratification. The distribution of patients by lethal complications was as follows: 1 (14.3%) patient had acute cerebrovascular accident, 1 (14.3%) had septic shock and 1 (14.3%) had acute renal failure. In more than 50% of cases, the cause of death was multiple organ failure (4 [57%] patients).
Conclusions. Concomitant lesions of arteries with aortic aneurysms are associated with higher rates of postoperative complications and mortality. In the group of patients with aortic dissection combined with coronary artery disease, there was longer duration of surgery, duration of artificial circulation and aortic compression due to the high initial severity of condition in such patients and greater complexity and volume of surgery. Hospital mortality in the group of aortic aneurysms combined with coronary artery lesions was almost 3 times higher than that in the group of isolated aortic aneurysms (4% and 1.5%, respectively).


A new kind of oscillatory steady state is discovered in observation of potential with a heavy ion beam probe in Compact Helical System Heliotron/Torsatron. Bulk plasma parameters, such as electron temperature and density profile, change being synchronized with the pulsation of potential. The phenomenon can be regarded as successive transitions between two bifurcative states of the plasma. The pulsation can be self-sustained and create a dynamic steady state in low density plasma with electron cyclotron heating. The cause of phenomenon is associated with the bifurcation nature of radial electric field, that is inherent with toroidal helical plasmas. This paper presents two examples of the phenomenon in different density regimes. Dependence of pulsation characteristics on several parameters is described. The bifurcation property predicted by a neoclassical theory is presented for comparison with the experimental observations.


Benkelman beam data have been widely used to design overlays and establish load restrictions. However, research carried out in Alaska has shown that their use can result in gross errors in areas where freeze-thaw conditions prevail. It has long been known that the shape of the deflection basin is related to the life of the pavement. As a result, a method has been developed to determine damage potential and thaw depth based on tests with falling weight deflectometer (FWD). This method adjusts the measured center deflection to the deflection that would have been obtained had no frozen materials been present in the pavement structure. Because this adjusted FWD deflection is essentially equivalent to the traditional Benkelman beam deflection (for relatively thin asphalt-surfaced pavements at the same test load), conventional methods can be used to design overlays and establish load restrictions.


Objective To study the long-term effect on lymphocyte micronucleus and its clinical significance for the three victims seventheen years after Shanghai "6.25"~(60)Co radiation accident.Method The MN and MNC frequency were observed by CBMN method.Results The MN and MNC frequency were still higher than normal even 17 years after the exposure.The MN frequency is related with the former radiation dose.The MNC consisting of ≥2MN is the hightest for "Long",but for"Jun"it consisted of 1 MN.The MN frequency is lower 17 years after the exposure than that of 5 years,but higher than 10 years.Conclusions The MN is one of important signs for long-term radiation effect.Special attention should be payed to the high level of MN remaining in the body for so long time.


Many of the repeated-measures sample size calculation methods presented in the literature are not suitable when: " the different treatments are assumed to be equal on average at baseline time due to randomization, " and the experimenters are interested in a pre-specified difference to be detected after a specific time period. The method presented here has been developed for those cases where a multivariate normal distribution can reasonably be assumed. It is likelihood-based and has been designed to be flexible enough to handle repeated-measures models, including a non-linear change in time, and an arbitrary correlation structure.


Interindividual proximity was examined during two prewinter seasons as a possible demographical agent in a bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) population near Uppsala, Sweden. While the proportion of nonoverwintering voles found in clusters in the 1st year was approximately the same (40%) from October to December, in the 2nd year, with lower population density, it fluctuated from 20 to 80%. Mean number of voles per shared center of activity was approximately the same (2–2.3) during all months compared. In October 1983 the proportion in these centers of nonoverwintering compared with overwintering voles was significantly lower. Individuals that shared centers compared with those that never did survived better and center sharing occurred significantly more often than was expected by chance. The change of centers of activity to more rocky from less rocky environments among nonoverwintering voles significantly more often resulted in center sharing. In overwintering but not in other females there was a strong ...


This study evaluated the performance of five Global Climate Model (GCM) outputs from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) in reproducing the historical precipitation and temperature. Observational data from the National Meteorological Agency are used for model evaluation and bias correction. Then, the projections from representative GCMs are used to understand the future climate (2031–2060) of the Baro River Basin under two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5) with respect to the historical datasets (1985–2014). Statistical metrics (percent of bias, root mean square error, and coefficient of determination) are used to assess the model's performance in reproducing precipitation and temperature and Compromise Programming (CP) was used in ranking GCMs. GFDL-CM4, INM-CM5-0, and INM-CM4-8 models for precipitation; CMCC-ESM2, MRI-ESM2-0, and INM-CM4-8 for maximum temperature; and GFDL-CM4, INM-CM4-8, and INM-CM5-0 for minimum temperature were selected based on their better simulation. The projected annual precipitation shows increases of 6% under SSP2-4.5 and 16.46% under SSP5-8.5. The mean annual maximum and minimum temperature show increases of 1.43 and 1.96 °C under SSP2-4.5, and 1.81 and 3.11 °C under SSP5-8.5, respectively. Overall, using the ensemble of representative GCMs from this study, the ensemble of three models outperforms the ensemble of all models for the Baro River Basin.


This paper is dedicated to the communication strategies Americans use to decline an invitation. Based on the results of an empirical research it identifies the key features of discourse, examines the meaning and expressiveness of the sentences used, as well as the length of the responses. Politeness theory can provide a rationale for interpretation of these features.


INTRODUCTION Historical Context China, as a culture, dates back 6,000 years and is widely credited with the development of the first banking system, the first civil service exam (and bureaucracy), the first manufacturing of paper, the first wine recipe, and the first compass. Despite these advances, the Chinese Empire was left behind during the rapid expansion of the industrial age and the global colonization period of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Plagued by fractional warfare, foreign invasions, and the rise of communism in the 20th century, China has been slow to arrive at the juncture of the globalized world (Frieden, 2006). The late 20th century saw rapid economic development in Asia. The rise of the Asian Tigers n Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Thailand, Singapore, and Malaysia n signaled the beginning of what some have called the Asian Century (Frieden, 2006). But it was not until after the death of Chairman Mao Zedong that China began to share in this prosperity. From a policy of strict communism, China moved to a market mentality encouraging entrepreneurship. The term commonly used by both faculty and students to describe China's current status is developing nation. China's acceptance into the World Trade Organization in 2001 evidences this fundamental shift in the official attitude towards globalization (Deans, 2011). This new phase of economic development resulted in a meteoric rise of the Chinese economy, currently the second largest in the world and predicted to surpass the United States within the next 20 years. China is often depicted by the Western media as The Factory of the World, which, based on an analysis of its financial statistics, would seem appropriate. China has the largest reserves of foreign currency of any nation on the planet, is the largest single holder of U.S. debt instruments, and has balance of trade that is the envy of the world (Silk, 2013). These policies also brought millions out of a subsistence lifestyle and into a position in the global market, China began the migration from rural to urban populations and a middle class emerged. As the urban populations exploded, this middle class launched China into the role of massive consumer. In 2010, Chinese consumers purchased more autos and light trucks than the United States (Aggarwal & Goodell, 2011). In 2013, the popular Singles Day (a marketing holiday which began as a humorous college prank in opposition to Valentine's Day) generated 35 billion Yuan (approximately 5.7 billion U.S. dollars) in internet sales on the popular Alibaba online shopping websites alone (Mishkin, 2013). A contributing factor to this increase in disposable income is the decrease in size of the Chinese family. Chairman Mao Zedong encouraged large families as a way to empower the country (Potts, 2006). This led to widespread poverty and famine. Following his death, the new regime, led by Deng Xiaoping, sought to reverse this trend and alleviate the community, economic, and environmental issues resulting from unrestrained population growth, by instituting a One Child Policy in 1979. While there are many exceptions to the policy, it has accomplished its goal as evidenced by China's population growth rate, currently at .46 annually, with a birthrate of 12.25 births per 1,000 population (China, 2013). In fact, the policy has been so effective that in November 2013, the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee opened the path to two child families (Pinghui & Yu, 2013). Education (R)evolution With this new perspective on the integration of China into a global economy, the need for a shift in education became apparent and China has recognized the need for content-area education in English. In fact, according to research conducted under the auspicious of the Fulbright program (sponsored by the U.S. State Department), a trend is seen worldwide as developing countries seek education in business and economic specializations taught in English (Dautermann, 2005). …


Sudden weather events seem to fit in the Polish climate for good. Recent meteorological phenomena in the form of storms, tempests and precipitation are the best proofs for this. This is primarily due to the climatic changes that make the weather last, even in other parts of the world. In this article the author characterizes extreme weather phenomena on the territory of Poland in the context of climate change.


This paper examines the potential of the Irish freight sector to adapt and presents possible adjustments to the management of freight that may allow the sector to become more efficient. The paper investigates the current make-up of the freight industry in Ireland, the current use of resources and technologies, and aspects of the industry where efficiencies and competitiveness could be improved. This information provides the basis for an examination of the potential for new initiatives in the freight sector, including the introduction of freight management technology and changing work practices within the industry. The paper draws attention to emerging national and European initiatives such as urban freight management measures and the potential use of information and communication technologies, and concludes by setting out whether such initiatives could be applied in an Irish context.


Racial and ethnic division is a mainstay of the American social structure, and today these strains are exacerbated by political binaries. Moreover, the media has become increasingly polarized whereby certain media outlets intensify perceived differences between racial and ethnic groups, political alignments, and religious affiliations. Using data from a recent psychological study of the Alt-Right, we assess the associations between perceptions of social issues, feelings of status threat, trust in conservative media, and affiliation with the Alt-Right among White Americans. We find concern over more conservative social issues along with trust in conservative media explain a large portion of the variation in feelings of status threat among White Americans. Furthermore, more conservative social issues plus feeling of status threat significantly increase the odds of Alt-Right affiliation. Most surprisingly, however, trust in conservative media mitigated, instead of amplified, these associations. Implications and calls for future research are discussed.


Laurel Branch (Tennessee, U.S.A.), an acid-sensitive stream in the southern Appalachian Mountains, was limed as a part of the Acid Precipitation Mitigation Program funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Objectives were (1) to evaluate the effectiveness of stream liming by means of a hydropowered doser design, and (2) to monitor stream response(s) to increased pH and alkalinity. Precipitation in the region was documented to be acidic, with a mean pH of 4.54 in 1987. Preliming evaluations conducted from 1986 through 1988 depicted Laurel Branch as soft (hardness less than 5 mg/L CaCO 3 , pH 6.2-6.6), dilute (ionic strength less than 400 μeq/L), and lightly buffered (alkalinity less than 100 μeq/L). Because of the apparent relationship between flow and water chemistry, Laurel Branch was considered susceptible to episodic acidification caused by storms. In June 1989, a hydropowered limestone doser was installed to treat the lower 3 km of the stream. Approximately 8.2 tonnes of crushed limestone were added during an 18-month treatment phase that concluded in December 1990. Technical and design problems with the doser reduced efficiency and limited the scale of liming through much of the first 6 months of operation. Design modifications and equipment upgrades in late 1989 corrected most of the problems and improved doser performance in 1990. No substantial chemical or biological changes were detected within the treated reach of Laurel Branch as a result of liming. Time-series statistical analyses showed small but significant changes in total alkalinity (10 μeq/L average increase) and dissolved calcium at all limed sites. pH (as hydrogen ion) increased 0.16 and 0.13 units at two limed sites that were 1 km and 2 km below the doser, respectively. At the lowermost limed site 3 km below the doser, a significant decrease in pH was detected which was probably flow-related. Mean length of age-0 (juvenile) and age-1 rainbow trout increased marginally during liming, suggesting improved fish growth, but increases were not significant. Densities of an acid-sensitive macrobenthic taxon (Baetis spp.) increased during liming, whereas densities of an acid-tolerant taxon (Leuctra spp.) remained unchanged. In general, observed biological changes were considered minimal ; they were judged unrelated to liming but rather of seasonal and/or spatial origin. The regional drought of 1987 and 1988 was considered a confounding factor. With most of the baseline data collected during these years, vastly differing hydrology in 1989 and 1990 (wet years regionally) became problematic and may have distorted some responses and masked others. It is also possible that biological responses may have been delayed because of the small magnitude of chemical changes, particularly pH and alkalinity. A calcium mass budget estimated that up to 62% of the calcium added was accounted for in chemistry data from limed sites, with increases most visible in the spring and summer of 1990. Results indicated that, although the Laurel Branch watershed does receive acidic precipitation, current biological communities show high levels of integrity and little apparent degradation related to acidification. If watershed buffering capabilities are depleted from continued acidic deposition, however, stream biota may be at risk in the future.


BACKGROUND
Coronavirus Disease 2019 is an emerging respiratory disease that is now a pandemic. Indonesia is experiencing a rapid surge of cases but the local data are scarce.

METHODS
this is an analysis using data from the ongoing recapitulation of Epidemiological Surveillance (ES) by the Provincial Health Office of Jakarta from March 2nd to April 27th 2020. We evaluated demographic and clinical characteristics of all confirmed cases in association with death.

RESULTS
of the 4,052 patients, 381 (9.4%) patients were deceased. Multivariable analysis showed that death was associated with older age (odds ratio [OR] 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02, 1.05, per year increase; p<0.001), dyspnea (OR 4.83; 95% CI 3.20, 7.29; p<0.001), pneumonia (OR 2.46; 95%CI 1.56, 3.88; p<0.001), and pre-existing hypertension (OR 1.86; 95% CI 1.24, 2.78; p=0.003). Death was highest in the week of April 6th 2020 and declined in the subsequent weeks, after a large-scale social restriction commenced.

CONCLUSION
older age, dyspnea, pneumonia, and pre-existing hypertension were associated with death. Mortality was high, but may be reduced by lockdown.


Relevance. The use of liquid fraction of pig manure as technical water for manure removal is a resourcesaving solution. Applying this solution in designing combined resource-saving manure removal systems requires calculation and accounting methods for the manure nutrients and suspended matter, which pass into the solid and liquid fractions during manure separation. The study aimed to develop a methodology for calculating the quantity and quality of manure fractions for the case when a part of the liquid fraction would be used in the manure removal system.Methods. Calculations were based on the data from a pig rearing complex located in the Leningrad region, with 65,100 heads on the complex at any one time. The calculation results were compared with the actual values from the protocols of laboratory analyses.Results. The developed methodology will allow the farm to make a more efficient accounting plan for nutrients passing into organic fertilisers. It will also save up to 47 450 tons of clean water for the manure removal system per year.


This shows the continual regeneration of his abiding concerns: language, class, education, and the ownership of culture; negotiations between the sexes; social preoccupations, grudges, rages, and self-interrogation. Harrison's public voice is represented in a selection of his longer poems, and in extracts from his theatre poetry: The Oresteia, Medea: a sex-war opera, The Trackers of Oxyrhynchus, The Common Chorus, Square Rounds and Poetry or Bust.


Cadherin-17 (CDH17) is an oncofetal molecule associated with poor prognostic outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), for which the treatment options are very limited. The present study investigates the therapeutic potential of a monoclonal antibody (Lic5) that targets the CDH17 antigen in HCC. In vitro experiments showed Lic5 could markedly reduce CDH17 expression in a dose-dependent manner, suppress β-catenin signaling, and induce cleavages of apoptotic enzymes caspase-8 and -9 in HCC cells. Treatment of animals in subcutaneous HCC xenograft model similarly demonstrated significant tumor growth inhibition (TGI) using Lic5 antibody alone (5 mg/kg, i.p., t.i.w.; ca.60–65% TGI vs. vehicle at day 28), or in combination with conventional chemotherapy regimen (cisplatin 1 mg/kg; ca. 85–90% TGI). Strikingly, lung metastasis was markedly suppressed by Lic5 treatments. Immunohistochemical and western blot analyses of xenograft explants revealed inactivation of the Wnt pathway and suppression of Wnt signaling components in HCC tissues. Collectively, anti-CDH17 antibody promises as an effective biologic agent for treating malignant HCC.


Abstract This paper is about worship and mission in a global and local—glocal—dimension. To think this theme, a contextualization of worship and mission is necessary. For this reason, this research is a reflection based on the liturgical and missionary reality of a Lutheran church and involves thinking about the larger Brazilian and Latin American context, as well as about the context of the origin of this small church, viz. Europe. This will be done in three parts: 1) Delineating the history and context of worship in the IECLB; 2) thinking about mission in the context of this church and, finally; 3) pointing out challenges for a relationship between worship and mission in a glocal context. Both the understanding of mission and the understanding of worship in this glocal context are based on the commitment to social and political transformation (Liberation Theology) in and from the worship, as a genuine space for mission.


Periodic assessments of motor function in children with Cerebral Palsy can enable clinicians to make more informed decisions about the type and timing of treatment interventions. Current clinical practice is limited to sporadic assessments performed in a clinical environment and hence, not suitable for capturing small changes that occur longitudinally. We have developed a shoe-based wearable sensor system that allows unobtrusive long-term collection of center of pressure data in the home setting. So far the shoe-based system has been used to collect data from 15 subjects under supervised and semi-supervised settings. In this paper, we present a novel methodology, based on the analysis of center of pressure trajectories using Active Shape Models, for automated clinical assessment of gait deviations in children with Cerebral Palsy. We show that Active Shape Models can be used to effectively model characteristics of the center of pressure trajectories that are associated with specific aspects of gait deviations. A support vector machine classifier, trained on features derived from the Active Shape Models, is able to achieve an accuracy of greater than 90% at classifying clinical scores of gait deviation severity.


Around one in five new consultations in primary care are by patients with physical symptoms for which no specific organic cause is found (medically unexplained symptoms).1 While many of these symptoms are transient, over one-third persist and can cause distress and disability.2,3 Here, we discuss strategies for the management of adults with medically unexplained symptoms.


Systemic sclerosis (SSc)–related interstitial lung disease (ILD) is one of the leading causes of mortality. We undertook this study to analyze the gene expression of lung tissue in a prospective cohort of patients with SSc‐related ILD and to compare it with that in control lungs and with 2 prospective clinical parameters in order to understand the molecular pathways implicated in progressive lung disease.


Jose Limon. Dancing with the Devil: Society and Cultural Poetics in Mexican-American South Texas. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1994. xii. 240 pp. (Honorable Mention, Victor Turner Competition for Ethnographic Writing, 1995.)


This literature review aims to gather information on breast tumors that occur in dogs addressing characteristics of the mammary glands from its embryogenesis until the occurrence of this disease and its treatment. The mammary tumors in female dogs share many characteristics with breast tumors in women, and the dog is becoming a major ally in the clarification, treatment and search for new therapies for oncological diseases. They are the most common type of cancer in the species and are increasingly present in the routine of veterinary clinics due to increased longevity of pets, and all breeds are predisposed. Thus, knowledge of several aspects of this disease for a higher probability of cure is important.


Aclonifen (2‐chloro‐6‐nitro‐3‐phenoxyaniline) is a lipophilic pesticide (logKow = 3.98). It is strongly sorbed (Roc = 1700‐ 16,000 l/kg) and poorly translocated by soybean plant root. Aclonifen persistence was hardly affected by the soil water content, while the soil temperature affected persistence even less. Half‐life values were between 19.3 and 56.5 days. Field studies showed that aclonifen is quite persistent but a little mobile, and the use of models to calculate predicted environmental concentration confirm that it does not represent an hazard for the groundwater and soil quality. Only in very dry conditions and in presence of run‐off events aclonifen sorbed on sediment may reach and contaminate the surface water catchment systems.


Techniques, systems are described for performing laser eye surgery. In one aspect, a method for improving an optical function of an eye includes preparing the eye for surgery by determining an optical characteristic of the eye. Laser marking pulses are applied to generate a laser mark in a region of the eye in relation to the determined optical characteristic. Also, a surgical procedure is performed in a surgical region selected in relation to the generated laser mark.


Calabazas Creek Research, Inc. (CCR) introduced controlled porosity reservoir (CPR) cathodes in 20051 and provided experimental results and design information in 20102. Despite the encouraging experimental results, implementation into actual RF sources has been slow to occur. In 2013, CCR built an X-Band multiple beam klystron (MBK) using 16 CPR cathodes operating at 31 A/cm2. Unfortunately, the klystron never operated at high power due to an internal grid failure.


This paper analyses the disadvantages of the previous sectional ellipse method in geodetic problem computation.In terms of the computer algebra system,the paper presents a new solution,which is much more convenient and simpler than the previous one.The numerical example is attached to show its efficiency.The research in the paper shows that the new solution is adequately accurate for the geodetic problem computation.


This talk was delivered at the workshop on leadership in Melbourne attended by the members of the Presbyterian Women's Missionary Union of Vanuatu, as part of their visit to commemorate the memory of Presbyterian Deaconesses Catherine Ritchie and Amy Skinner who visited the New Hebrides in 1944 to explore the possibilities of missionary work with women. Amy Skinner subsequently returned and with local organisers established branches of the Presbyterian Women's Missionary Union. The talk sets this work in the context of Australian involvement in the Pacific and missionary expansion in the 19th century.


In this paper,an improved genetic algorithm is proposed to solve the multiple-objectives optimization problem of highway project.The design idea and steps of the algorithm are described,and the structure design and coding design of the chromosome are given.The improved cross operation considers two types: cross into the sub-populations and cross between the sub-populations.The example simulation result shows that this algorithm is feasible and efficient for multiple-objectives optimization problem.


The phase-apodized-pupil Lyot coronagraph (PAPLC) is a pairing of the apodized-pupil Lyot coronagraph and the apodizing phase plate (APP) coronagraph. We describe a numerical optimization method to obtain globally optimal solutions for the phase apodizers for arbitrary telescope pupils, based on the linear map between complex-amplitude transmission of the apodizer and the electric field in the post-coronagraphic focal plane. PAPLCs with annular focal-plane masks and point-symmetric dark zones perform analogous to their corresponding APLCs. However, with a knife-edge focal-plane mask and one-sided dark zones, the PAPLC yields inner working angles as close as 1.4λ/D at contrasts of 10−10 and a maximum post-coronagraphic throughput of >75% for telescope apertures with central obscurations of up to 30%. We present knife-edge PAPLC designs optimized for the VLT/SPHERE instrument and the LUVOIR-A aperture. These designs show that the knife-edge PAPLC retains its performance, even for realistic telescope pupils with struts, segments, and non-circular outer edges.


In recent years the leading long-distance Polish Train Operating Company (TOC) has experienced significant demand growth thanks to improvements in rolling stock, changes to the timetable structure and much more customer focus. Massive increase in rail operational work has been only partially compensated by an increase in the number of employees. Therefore, the company has actively started looking into ways of reducing inefficiencies in inter alia train crew planning to mitigate the operational pressure. A decision faced by the TOC herein is to determine how to improve the efficiency of rail operations planning, in particular, in the case of drivers, which is a highly unionized and privileged group, such that it is also socially acceptable from the drivers' perspective.


The paper treats the necessary conditions for multifunctional management of forests. For the successful carrying out of multifunctional management of forests, it is necessary to develop methods for valuable assessment of different types of material and non-material forest resources. Their valuable expression makes them comparable towards total complex of forest resources. This approach is objective and universal fundament for determination of the system of aims in forests through assessment of their significance and priorities. For the organization of utilization and reproduction of forest non-wood resources, as part of multifunctional management of forests, it is necessary to develop Regulations for inventory, assessment and planning of activities for utilization, protection and reproduction of non-wood resources of plant origin. To provide relevant scientific-and-applied decisions, a Regulation for inventory, assessment, organization and planning of activities in the field of non-material forest resources should be developed as well. As a result of implementation of these and other conditions, mentioned in this paper, maximal harmonization will be achieved between demands of society to forests and capabilities of these forests to satisfy them.


In an Artinian ring R every element of R can be expressed as the sum of two units if and only if R/J(R) does not contain a summand isomorphic to the field with two elements. This result is used to describe those finite rings R for which Γ(R) contains a Hamiltonian cycle where Γ(R) is the (simple) graph defined on the elements of R with an edge between vertices r and s if and only if r − s is invertible. It is also shown that for an Artinian ring R the number of connected components of the graph Γ(R) is a power of 2. MSC: 16P20, 16U60, 05C45


Abstract To test the utility and added value of polarimetric radar products in an operational environment, data from the Norman, Oklahoma (KOUN), polarimetric Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) were delivered to the National Weather Service Weather Forecast Office (WFO) in Norman as part of the Joint Polarization Experiment (JPOLE). KOUN polarimetric base data and algorithms were used at the WFO during the decision-making and forecasting processes for severe convection, flash floods, and winter storms. The delivery included conventional WSR-88D radar products, base polarimetric radar variables, a polarimetric hydrometeor classification algorithm, and experimental polarimetric quantitative precipitation estimation algorithms. The JPOLE data collection, delivery, and operational demonstration are described, with examples of several forecast and warning decision-making successes. Polarimetric data aided WFO forecasters during several periods of heavy rain, numerous large-hail-producing thunder...


The overall objective of this Phase I SBIR effort was to advance the manufacturing technology for ASI's Si-CNF high-performance anode by creating a framework for large volume production and utilization of low-cost Si-coated carbon nanofibers (Si-CNF) for the battery industry. This project explores the use of nano-structured silicon which is deposited on a nano-scale carbon filament to achieve the benefits of high cycle life and high charge capacity without the consequent fading of, or failure in the capacity resulting from stress-induced fracturing of the Si particles and de-coupling from the electrode. ASI's patented coating process distinguishes itself from others, in that it is highly reproducible, readily scalable and results in a Si-CNF composite structure containing 25-30% silicon, with a compositionally graded interface at the Si-CNF interface that significantly improve cycling stability and enhances adhesion of silicon to the carbon fiber support. In Phase I, the team demonstrated the production of the Si-CNF anode material can successfully be transitioned from a static bench-scale reactor into a fluidized bed reactor. In addition, ASI made significant progress in the development of low cost, quick testing methods which can be performed on silicon coated CNFs as a means of quality control. To date, weightmore » change, density, and cycling performance were the key metrics used to validate the high performance anode material. Under this effort, ASI made strides to establish a quality control protocol for the large volume production of Si-CNFs and has identified several key technical thrusts for future work. Using the results of this Phase I effort as a foundation, ASI has defined a path forward to commercialize and deliver high volume and low-cost production of SI-CNF material for anodes in Li-ion batteries.« less


The invention provides a Chinese medicament for treating psoriasis, and belongs to the technical field of Chinese medicaments for treating psoriasis, and the Chinese medicament can treat the psoriasis in a severe phase and effectively reduce repeated attacks. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the Chinese medicament for treating psoriasis is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 to 4 parts of fineleaf schizonepeta herb, 2 to 3 parts of divaricate saposhnikovia root, 2 to 3 parts of ephedra, 0.5 to 1 part of ginseng, 1 to 3 parts of cocklebur fruit, 1 to 2 parts of dried tangerine peel, 1 to 2 parts of hemlock parsley, 1 to 2 parts of poria, 0.5 to 1 part of angelica root, 1 to 3 parts of cassia twig, 1 to 3 parts of Chinese angelica, 1 to 2 parts of safflower, 0.5 to 1 part of Chinese rhubarb, and 1 to 3 parts of indigowoad root; and the raw materials are decocted or produced into capsules. The Chinese medicament is applied in the technical field of psoriasis treatment.


Distributed joint congestion control and routing optimization has received a significant amount of attention recently. To date, however, most of the existing schemes follow a key idea called the back-pressure algorithm. Despite having many salient features, the first-order sub gradient nature of the back-pressure based schemes results in slow convergence and poor delay performance. To overcome these limitations, the present study was made as first attempt at developing a second-order joint congestion control and routing optimization framework that offers utility-optimality, queue-stability, fast convergence, and low delay.  Contributions in this project are three-fold. The present study propose a new second-order joint congestion control and routing framework based on a primal-dual interior-point approach and established utility-optimality and queue-stability of the proposed second-order method. The results of present study showed that how to implement the proposed second-order method in a distributed fashion.


The torque produced by a short circuit is first discussed in a general way, showing that it is pulsating in nature. The average value of torque is determined by the resistance and other energy losses but the instantaneous value rises far above the average value. The major part of this pulsating torque is produced by the change in stored magnetic energy. General equations are derived for the torque in a machine having negligible resistance and constant self-inductance of each winding which is referred to as an ``Ideal Machine.'' These equations are useful in comparing single-phase and various polyphase short circuits and for determining general tendencies. However, the numerical value of the torque is usually of most interest in salient-pole machines and here the self inductance of the armature windings is not constant. The calculation of torque from the actual inductance of the windings of a salient-pole machine is a very complicated problem. A relatively simple step by step calculation, called the ``semi-graphical method,'' is developed for calculadating the torque from the actual currents as given by an oscillogram. The effect of resistance can be included in this calculation. The mtethod holds for any variation in self inductance with rotor position provided that saturation is not a large factor in determining the change in stored magnetic energy, which seems to be true in cases thus far investigated. Short-circuit torque can be measured by an instrument described in a previous paper.


Abstract. For channel estimation in the relay-assisted multiple-input multiple-output and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing indoor visible light communication (VLC) system affected by light source, there is a problem that the received signal cannot be separated by simple filtering. To solve this problem, a channel estimation by PARATUCK2-PARAFAC-based noise compensation which introduces tensors to construct the suitable model of VLC is proposed. First, the transmitting pilots for channel estimation and noise estimation are constructed separately with the Hermitian symmetry structure. Then the tensor-based transmission model of the indoor VLC system is established, and the signals for channel and noise estimations are received. Finally, an asymptotic estimation for separating signals from different sources and noise is proposed by PARATUCK2-PARAFAC. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm provides a more effective scheme for channel estimation comparing with the state-of-the-art algorithms.


The purpose of the article is to analyze the socio-economic conditions of development of the agricultural sector in order to further improve it. Research methods. During the study, dialectical methods of cognition of processes and phenomena were used, in particular, monographic (analysis of structural changes), empirical (comprehensive assessment of the state of the research object), analysis and synthesis method (analysis of the current state and main trends in the development of the agricultural sector), abstract-logical (theoretical generalization and formulation of conclusions). Research results. In the process of studying and analyzing the socio-economic conditions for the development of the agricultural sector, its essence was revealed, the reasons for certain structural changes, problems and reasons for differences in the dynamic development of the agricultural sector were revealed, and specific ways of its improvement were identified. Scientific novelty. The theoretical and practical provisions of the formation and development of the agricultural sector are improved, the role and importance of economic and social factors in the development of the agrarian sector in their dialectical relationship and the priority of each are shown. Practical significance. Specific problems, shortcomings and omissions in the formation and development of the agricultural sector are identified, measures are proposed to eliminate them. Tabl.: 1. Refs.: 24.


Abstract Enzymatic synthesis of 15N labeled phospholipids (dipal-mitoylphosphatidylcholine and dipalmitoylphosphatidyl-ethanol amine) by phospholipase D was conducted. Synthesis of ethanolamine-15 N was also performed. Infrared FT was used to determine the 15N percentage in phosphati-dylcholine.


The present invention, at least one of liposomes, at least one multivalent counterions donor or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, at least one monovalent counterion donor or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and amphiphilic including sex therapy, to pharmaceutical compositions. The present invention also relates to a method of inhibiting cancer cell growth comprising administering a pharmaceutical composition described herein. .FIELD 1