With the development of computer technology, computers have become a part of people's lives and the Internet has connected the world's networks as a whole. Computer technology is changing people's study, life, and work. People's traditional education mode, thinking, content, method, and talent training program have a significant impact. The development from traditional to computer technology-based teaching methods has brought new developments and leaps in educational technology. This paper analyzes the research background, significance, and research status of the advanced mathematics auxiliary teaching system, introduces the related technologies and development modes used in the development of the system, and especially discusses the access database technology by ADO and the mathematical expression based on MathML language. Secondly, starting from the actual teaching, we analyze the functional requirements and performance requirements of the system in detail and make detailed planning and design for the system architecture, database selection, functional modules, etc. The design and implementation process of this teaching system are summarized. The teaching strategy inference engine is the key to the personalization and intelligence of the ICAI system. According to the learning models provided by different students, the system designs a corresponding teaching sequence for the learners by controlling the meta-knowledge of the domain knowledge base. The teaching strategy inference engine cuts the domain knowledge tree, selects the knowledge points suitable for the student, and sorts the selected knowledge points reasonably to generate an optimal teaching sequence. According to the students' learning situation, combined with the teaching rules in the teaching rule library, the students' grades are dynamically adjusted, so as to select new learning content for students and provide teaching suggestions in time. The student model is the premise of the ICAI system to achieve individualization and intelligence. The system makes a comprehensive evaluation and diagnosis of students through fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and fuzzy reasoning. On this basis, a cognitive student model is established, which is the teaching strategy that provided the basis for the formulation.


This paper examines the characteristics of intercity bus riders within Tennessee, and proposes methods to identify service gaps and prioritize network expansion, particularly focusing on rural-urban connections. Data were collected through an on-board survey, and compared with intercity auto trips. Compared to personal auto users, intercity bus riders are more likely to be of minority races, unemployed, unable to drive, and from low-income households. Five demand levels were determined based on the population distribution with these characteristics. The service areas of existing bus stops were identified and compared with the high demand areas. The result shows that an insufficient number of stops are located in high demand areas. Still, approximately 80 percent of stops connect to meaningful destinations such as hospitals. The results imply that bus stations are well connected to destinations, but poorly connected to potential riders. Changes to the current network could better cover high demand areas.


You just got to wonder how these people feed themselves as
they must use what few brain cells they have maintaining
respiration.


The problem of scheduling on multicore systems remains one of the hottest and the most challenging topics in systems research. Introduction of non-uniform memory access (NUMA) multicore architectures further complicates this problem, as on NUMA systems the scheduler needs not only consider the placement of threads on cores, but also the placement of memory. Hardware performance counters and hardwaresupported instruction sampling, available on major CPU models, can help tackle the scheduling problem as they provide a wide variety of potentially useful information characterizing system behavior. The challenge, however, is to determine what information from counters is most useful for scheduling and how to properly obtain it on user level. In this paper we provide a brief overview of user-level scheduling techniques in Linux, discuss the types of hardware counter information that is most useful for scheduling, and demonstrate how this information can be used in an online user-level scheduler. The Clavis scheduler, created as a result of this research , is released as an open source project.


With the continuous development of engineering construction in China, more and more large-section highway tunnels have emerged. Different geological engineering environments determine the diversity of construction plans. The determination of construction plans and the prediction of tunnel deformations have always been the key points of engineering construction. In this paper, we use numerical simulations to determine specific construction parameters in the context of actual highway tunnel projects, and then use deep learning methods to predict deformation during tunnel construction, thus providing guidance for construction. We have found that: (i) Different excavation sequences and excavation depths have different effects on the surrounding rock deformation around the tunnel. The optimal excavation sequence through numerical simulation in this study is symmetrical excavation, and the excavation depth is 2 m. (ii) Numerical simulation based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) algorithm is used to predict the tunnel deformation. It is found that the prediction results of the LSTM algorithm are more consistent with the actual monitoring data. (iii) Multi-step prediction is more important for engineering guidance, and three-step prediction can be considered during the process of engineering construction. Therefore, the machine learning algorithm provides a new method for engineering prediction.


Totalitarian regimes and terrorist groups striving to create them are characterized by ideologies with lexicographic preference orderings. This means that they demand that their followers sacrifice everything, if required, including the lives of others and of themselves to reach the aims postulated. More than twenty such regimes have existed, from the Mongolian and Aztec Empires among the first, to much later Nazi Germany and the Communist Soviet Union, and in recent years to the rule of the Taliban in Afghanistan and ISIS in Syria and Iraq. This means that the respective ideologies are usually very different, but that all follow a lexicographic preference order. This chapter studies the development, success, and demise of such regimes, which usually persecute, torture, and even kill nonbelievers, and often are engaged in bloody wars of expansion with many victims. This is also the case concerning their secularly or religiously based aims, which, moreover, characteristically control their behavior concerning the lifestyle of their populations, the arts, and their culture. Totalitarian regimes that have reached their aims are called mature ideocracies. They are characterized by the fact that the whole population has accepted (or at least pretends to accept) the ruling ideology.


Two species of fish and five species of marine invertebrate showed different tolerances to the toxicity of composite slag and bituminaus coal. Especially, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus and young Haliotis discus hannai displayed marked differences in tolerance from. H. pulcherrimus and young H. discus hannai showed lethal effects at higher concentrations than those concentrations of the composite slag in the 1.0 and range, respectively. H. pulcherrimus showed no lethal effects at a lower concentration of composite slag and some differences in the rate of oxygen consumption with this concentration of composite slag. The lethal effects of bituminous coal on marine and fisheries organisms, even with higher concentrations, were not observed. At a higher concentration than that of 500 mg/L (ppm) of bituminous coal, decrease effects appeared in the rate of oxygen consumption of the experimental organisms. Taking into consideration that the experimental concentration of composite slag and bituminous coal were impracticable in the ocean, the results of this experiment suggest that composite slag and bituminous coal pose no real threat to marine or fisheries organisms.


This study examines the classification of indigenous and non-indigenous populations in formulating the information regarding the heir from the perspective of eliminating racial and ethnic discrimination. There are two main issues raised in this study, firstly, whether the population classification in Perkaban No. 3 of 1997 in accordance with Law No. 40 of 2008 on the Elimination of Racial and Ethnic Discrimination. Secondly, whether the difference between the authorities in providing the certificate of inheritance according to Perkaban No. 3 of 1997 can provide legal certainty. This research is a normative juridical study with a statutory approach. This study concluded that, first Article 111 of Perkaban No. 3 of 1997 concerning the classification of the population in the making of a certificate of inheritence contrary to Law No. 40 of 2008 on the Elimination of Racial and Ethnic Discrimination. Second, the difference between the authorities giving the certificate of inheritance according to Perkaban No. 3 of 1997 has guaranteed legal certainty, as Perkaban No. 3 of 1997 specifically regulates the certificate of inheritance. However, this regulation still needs improvement in the future.


Abstract In this paper a formal description is given of a 2D iterative geometric construction, which simulates a radiate accretive growth process. This type of growth process is found among species of various taxonomic classes of marine sessile organisms. With iterative geometric constructions it is possible to introduce the influence of the physical environment on the growth process, as well as geometric constraints. The iterative geometric construction which simulates the growth process of an organism with radiate accretive growth and the formation of branches, is formalized using an edge replacement system.


ABSTRACT While negative attitudes within the social work community toward clients struggling with addiction may not be ubiquitous, there is evidence that such attitudes remain problematic. Interestingly, while extant research suggests social workers may demonstrate low empathy toward clients with Substance Use Disorders (SUDs), there is very little research available concerning factors that may be involved with these adverse attitudes. This study explored the relationship between spirituality, religiosity and attitudes toward clients with SUDs utilizing a sample of social work students and practitioners from two unique geographical locations. Results demonstrated that dimensions of spirituality, including religiosity, have some predictive potential for attitudes toward addiction. Further, the direction can be either positive or negative.


The Medicare Rights Center has come up with a Top 10 list of questions consumers should ask before enrolling in an HMO. How prepared is your plan to answer these key questions?


Polar Format Algorithm (PFA), which is a classic algorithm for bistatic SAR imaging, has important significance in spotlight bistatic SAR system. In this paper, a fast polar format algorithm based on variable PRF for bistatic SAR is proposed. This algorithm can correct range cell migration (RCM) without high-precision interpolation, which can improve the computation efficiency. Point target simulation validates the algorithm.


Abstract To produce energy for in-house use, an aluminium smelter in Quebec launched a study of mixotrophic cultivation of microalgae in its wastewaters with the objective of having an algae production company set up operations on site. To maximize lipid productivity and maintain the biological integrity of the consortium, specific nutrients need to be added to aluminium smelter wastewaters to cultivate the selected algae-bacteria consortium. A 23 factorial design was used to determine the organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphate inputs needed. Data on biomass and lipid productivity, as well as a "consortium integrity index," were analyzed using a multiple linear regression model. The highest biomass productivity (0.93 g/L/d) and lipid productivity (0.023 g/L/d) were obtained using the highest tested concentration in nitrogen (0.200 g/L) and the lowest tested concentration in phosphate (0.003 g/L). No significant effect of the organic carbon—tested in concentrations of 1.64 g/L, 2.64 g/L, and 3.64 g/L (gluc...


Measurements of the tritium ,8-spectrum are reported. Thin sources consisting of a mono layer of tritiated hydrocarbon molecules were used. No indication of a nonzero mass m., of the electron antineutrino was found. The result is m � = -24 ± 48 ± 61 eV2 (lu). An upper limit m., < 11 eV (953 confidence level) is


IntroductionWater birth has been available to women in many birth settings throughout the United Kingdom (UK) since the 1980s (Alderdice et al 1995, Richmond 2003, Cluett & Burns 2009, Garland 2010). However, the author considers there still remains a reticence for some midwives in facilitating wate


Previous research has found that content and language integrated learning (CLIL) is an effective method to improve undergraduate students' English reading performance. Little is known, however, about the underlying mechanisms of such this association or factors that might strengthen or weaken these processes. Therefore, based on the framework of action research, the current study aimed to fill this gap by scrutinizing the changes in and effects of academic vocabulary size (AVS), academic self-efficacy (ASE), and learning motivation (LM) on English reading performance over a 16-week semester. A total of 202 Chinese undergraduate students (majoring in English Education) participated in this study. The results revealed the following major findings: (1) students' AVS, ASE, LM, and English reading performance were significantly improved through CLIL implementation during this semester, (2) AVS, ASE, LM, and English reading performance were positively related to each other, (3) AVS significantly predicted students' English reading performance, (4) ASE and LM partially mediated the effect of AVS on English reading performance. These findings contribute to the understanding of the impact of CLIL on English reading performance. Limitations and implications for educational practices are discussed.


Background and objectives: Senile degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis typically manifests clinically as lower back and leg pain caused by compression of the nerve root. Conventional total laminectomy for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis can quickly alleviate a patient's symptoms, but produces an unsatisfactory therapeutic effect because of spinal instability caused by degenerative spondylolisthesis, and also has many adverse reactions. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether total laminectomy combined with lumbar pedicle screw fixation for treatment of senile degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis can effectively reduce lower back and leg pain caused by compression of the nerve root, increase lumbar spine stability, and reduce adverse reactions. Design: A prospective, single-center, self-control, interventional trial. Methods: One hundred and sixty older adult patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis who will receive treatment at the Department of Orthopedics, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, China will be included in this study. All patients will undergo total laminectomy combined with lumbar pedicle screw fixation, with follow-up at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post-surgery. Outcome measures and preliminary results: The primary outcome measure of this study is recovery rate in Japanese Orthopedic Society (JOA) score at 12 months post-surgery, which is used to evaluate improvements in patients lower back and leg pain. Secondary outcome measures of this study include changes in JOA score, spinal canal diameter, lumbar spine morphology displayed on computed tomography images, and incidence of adverse events post-surgery. Results of a preliminary study involving 71 older adult patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis who received the same treatment showed that at 3 months post-surgery, JOA score and spinal canal diameter were significantly increased compared with before surgery (P < 0.05). Discussion: Findings from this study may provide clinical evidence supporting that total laminectomy combined with lumbar pedicle screw fixation is a safe and reliable method for treatment of senile degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis because it rapidly alleviates lower back and leg pain and provides spine stability. Ethics and dissemination: This study was approved by Medical Ethics Committee of Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital of China (approval No. QHY201602G). This study will be performed in strict accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki formulated by the World Medical Association. Participants will provide signed informed consent prior to participation in the study. This study was designed in December 2017. Patient recruitment and data collection will begin in August 2018. Data analysis will be performed in October 2019. The study will be completed in December 2019. Results will be disseminated through presentations at scientific meetings and/or by publication in a peer-reviewed journal. Protocol version: 1.0. Trial registration: This trial was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration number: ChiCTR1800014726).


ABSTRACTThis work deals with the damping characteristics and optimum performance of apassive liquid column vibration absorber (LCVA) which is effective to decrease thevibration of engineering systems. A numerical technique is applied to solve thenonlinear equations of motion to study the influence of the design parameters suchas frequency tuning ratio, length ratio, area ratio, blocking ratio and mass to mitigateexcessive vibrations. A constrained multi-objective optimization problem isconstructed and solved numerically to minimize the maximum master structuredisplacement in a broad range of excitation frequency with considering a limit of themaximum liquid displacement in the vertical tube as an extra objective. It is foundthat the best vibration attenuation can be achieved by using the LCVA with a uniformcross-section area while the non-uniform LCVA offer greater flexibility to modify thenon-appropriate total length. The TCVA mass and the structural damping have aninfluence on all optimum parameters. The optimal values of the blocking ratio areproportional and depend on the intensity of the excitation. The list of necessaryoptimal parameters and the corresponding performance indices are presented indesign tables as a guidance for industrial practices.


There are no two opinions that one of the surest methods of increasing the yields of crop plants is to increase the capacity of the soil to supply nutrients to the plant by manuring. It has also been the experience that identical results are not obtained by identical methods practised. At the outset it may be stated that in the paragraphs that follow, no distinction is made between the words 'manures' and 'fertilizers'. Manures in this special sense mean substances belonging to plant residues while fertilizers imply those of mineral origin. It is not proposed to give any detailed recommendations about manuring, but certain basic principles based upon past experience at various Research Stations and the crop in general will be presented.


The Akashi Strait connects Osaka Bay to Sea of Harima-nada, where maximum tidal velocity is beyond 7 knots with strong vertical mixing. It is important to improve the understanding of the flowstructure in Osaka Bay and Harima-nada for evaluating water exchange and material transfer through the Akashi Strait. The surface flow pattern in Akasi Strait was observed from the top of AKASHI KAIKYOU OHASHI bridgetower whose height is 300m, From this platform, the slicks in Harima-nada and off the coast of Iwaya in Awajisima-Island was observed at eastward current. The slicks were found to be discontinuous lines of thevelocity by the wave line caused by ships The slicks off the coast of Iwaya moved slowly and amalgamatedwith the other slicks. The slicks coincided with the edge of separated vortices at Matsuhozaki in Awaji Island.


This article describes the using of various clustering methods for in-depth analysis and further researches of the spread of the virus COVID-19 in Italy during February-April 2020.


In the work effect of the rare-earth metals (REM) on structure of the decomposed Mg supersaturated solid solution after hot deformation was investigated. Investigation indicated Mg solid solution decomposition during hot deformation with precipitation of the RErich particles preferably on the Mg grain boundaries and boundaries between originated blocks. Precipitations on the grain and block boundaries prevent recovery, recrystallization, the grain growth, and increase plasticity of alloys.


The electrical resistivity of rhenium was studied by the pulse method. The passage of an electric current through the specimen for a period of 5 x 10/sup -5/ sec introduced an amount of energy ranging from 0 to 1240 J/g. Measurements were made of the heat of fusion and electrical resistivity for the solid and liquid states, particularly the melting point. The results obtained were compared with the literature data.


Abstract. Optical materials submitted to multiple subpicosecond irradiations are known to exhibit a decrease of the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) with the applied number of pulses, an effect referred to as "fatigue" or "incubation." In this work, we experimentally investigate this effect for the case of optical thin films submitted to multiple exposures with 500 fs pulses at different wavelengths: 1030, 515, and 343 nm. Niobia, hafnia, and silica films made with dense coating techniques (magnetron sputtering, ion-assisted deposition, and reactive low voltage ion plating) are studied, as well as the surface of a fused silica substrate. These samples have been exposed to different pulse numbers (from 1 to 100,000) at a low-frequency repetition rate (less than 1 kHz) and the LIDT has been measured. The results reveal the differences between materials and for the various wavelengths such as the decrease rate of the LIDT or the stabilization level that is reached after multiple exposures. All the results evidence the role of native- and laser-induced defects that we discuss on the basis of published works on the subject.


ABSTRACT— Platelet function has been postulated as playing a role in the pathogenesis of migraine. This study aimed to investigate to what extent beta1‐selective and non‐selective beta‐blockers interfere with the platelet function in migraine patients. Twelve patients with classical migraine were included. After a 2‐week drug‐free period, the patients were randomly allocated to either beta1‐selective metoprolol (50 mg b.i.d.) or non‐selective propranolol (40 mg b.i.d.) treatment for one month. After a wash‐out period, the patients were changed to the corresponding beta‐blocker for one month. ADP‐induced platelet aggregability, platelet cAMP, ATP and ADP levels, plasma cAMP and TxB2 concentration, as well as the serum production of TxB2, were measured before and after each treatment period. After propranolol treatment, the patients showed lower ADP threshold values for producing irreversible platelet aggregation and lower platelet and plasma cAMP levels as compared to metoprolol. Neither of the beta‐blockers induced any change in the plasma concentration or serum production of TxB2. In conclusion, non‐selective beta‐blockade (propranolol) significantly increases the platelet aggregability compared to beta1‐selective blockade (metoprolol).


Simple sequence repeat (SSR) profiles were produced for 27 of the most common rootstocks in Italy. The varieties were chosen for practical purposes, as they are the most widely commercialized and provided the opportunity to have more than one clone or accession for each variety, apart from three. The plant material, a total of 86 samples, was primarily from the collections of CRA-VIT and the Nucleo di Premoltiplicazione delle Venezie. The use of reliable references, obtained from the French collection of Le Grau du Roi, confirmed that in Italy 157-11C was often confused with 161-49C. Comparison of the rootstock alleles with those of 663 genotypes of V. vinifera L. showed that polymorphisms at the single loci differed in the two groups and that there were alleles specific to the rootstocks and absent in the V. vinifera varieties. These data could be very useful for identification of the probable genesis of hybrids of unknown origin.


With the emergence of low-cost unmanned air vehicles, civilian and military organizations are quickly identifying new applications for affordable, large-scale collectives to support and augment human efforts via sensor data collection. In order to be viable, these collectives must be resilient to the risk and uncertainty of operating in real-world environments. Previous work in multi-agent planning has avoided planning for the loss of agents in environments with risk. In contrast, this dissertation presents a problem formulation that includes the risk of losing agents, the effect of those losses on the mission being executed, and provides anticipatory planning algorithms that consider risk. We conduct a thorough analysis of the effects of risk on path-based planning, motivating new solution methods. We then use hierarchical clustering to generate risk-aware plans for a variable number of agents, outperforming traditional planning methods. Next, we provide a mechanism for distributed negotiation of stable plans, utilizing coalitional game theory to provide cost allocation methods that we prove to be fair and stable. Centralized planning with redundancy is then explored, planning for parallel task completion to mitigate risk and provide further increased expected value. Finally, we explore the role of cost uncertainty as additional source of risk, using bi-objective optimization to generate sets of alternative plans. We demonstrate the capability of our algorithms on randomly generated problem instances, showing an improvement over traditional multi-agent planning methods as high as 500% on very large problem instances. RISK-AWARE PLANNING FOR SENSOR DATA COLLECTION


Surfactants are ubiquitous in the global oceans: they help form the materially-distinct sea surface microlayer (SML) across which global ocean-atmosphere exchanges take place, and they reside on the surfaces of bubbles and whitecap foam cells prolonging their lifetime thus altering ocean albedo. Despite their importance, the occurrence, spatial distribution, and composition of surfactants within the upper ocean and the SML remains under-characterized during conditions of vigorous wave breaking when in-situ sampling methods are difficult to implement. Additionally, no quantitative framework exists to evaluate the importance of surfactant activity on ocean whitecap foam coverage estimates. Here we use individual laboratory breaking waves generated in filtered seawater and seawater with added soluble surfactant to identify the imprint of surfactant activity in whitecap foam evolution. The data show a distinct surfactant imprint in the decay phase of foam evolution. The area-time-integral of foam evolution is used to develop a time-varying stabilization function, ϕ(t) and a stabilization factor, Θ, which can be used to identify and quantify the extent of this surfactant imprint for individual breaking waves. The approach is then applied to wind-driven oceanic whitecaps, and the laboratory and ocean Θ distributions overlap. It is proposed that whitecap foam evolution may be used to determine the occurrence and extent of oceanic surfactant activity to complement traditional in-situ techniques and extend measurement capabilities to more severe sea states occurring at wind speeds in excess of about 10 m/s. The analysis procedure also provides a framework to assess surfactant-driven variability within and between whitecap coverage data sets.


CC This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright 2020 Korean Foot and Ankle Society. All rights reserved. c Purpose: Ankle fractures with dislocations and pilon fractures at the distal tibia are usually associated with soft tissue damage caused by high-energy damage. Recently, a two-stage operation to perform internal fixation after the application of external fixation devices for stabilizing soft tissues has been accepted as the treatment of choice. This paper reports the clinical result of these injuries treated with threaded trans-calcaneal pin external fixation devices. Materials and Methods: Thirty-three patients diagnosed with ankle fractures with dislocations or tibial pilon fractures without open wounds. They underwent surgical treatment with threaded trans-calcaneal pin external fixation from January 2008 to February were enrolled in this study. This study evaluated the visual analogue scale (VAS), foot function index (FFI), and Olerud & Molander score as well as whether complications occurred. Results: The average VAS showed a meaningful decrease (p<0.001) from 7.4 before surgery to 2.6 after application of the external fixation device, and 1.4 at 12 months after surgery. The FFI also decreased significantly from 84.3 preoperatively to 20.3 at 12 months postoperatively (p<0.001). The Olerud & Molander score averaged 71.4 points, showing good clinical results. Complete bone union was observed in all patients. One patient each underwent debridement due to wound necrosis and infection in the pin insertion site. At the final follow-up, seven patients had posttraumatic ankle joint arthritis, according to a radiological examination. Conclusion: Manual reduction and external fixation using a threaded trans-calcaneal pin is a suitable surgical technique that is easy to perform and shows good clinical outcomes in stabilizing soft tissue damage in fractures and dislocations of ankle fracture or tibia pilon fractures in foot and ankle injury.


Economic growth is an extremely complex process, which depends on numerous variables such as capital accumulation, trade price fluctuations, currency exchange rates, political conditions, economic freedom, social conditions, income distribution, natural resource endowment, geographical characteristics, Research and Development, and many other factors. A highly debated prescription for growth often directed toward Developing Countries (DCs) or " emerging economies"is the export-led growth hypothesis (ELGH). The export-led growth hypothesis postulates that export expansion is one of the main determinants of growth; it holds that the overall growth of countries can be generated by expanding exports-exports act as an "engine of growth." The previous form of development, which was promoted until the mid-1970s, was the import-substitution model. This model of development encouraged countries to build up their own domestic manufacturing capacity and substitute domestically produced goods for imports. The export-led growth model has become the standard model of development that the International Monetary Fund (IMF) recommends to all its client countries. Developing Countries, in an attempt to emulate the export-led growth model, have been shifting from inward-oriented policies to export promotion strategies. As a part of these new outward-oriented strategies, DCs began to stimulate exports using diverse mechanisms such as subsidies and tax exemptions. Many scholars have attributed the People's Republic of China's (PRC's) rapid growth to the export-Jed growth model of development. This paper sets out to explore the export-led growth hypothesis and illustrate that, while the PRC has followed the export-led growth model in the past, currently they are shifting away from this model and toward a domestic growth enhancing model of innovation-led growth while retaining an outward oriented position in the world economy. In addition, this paper will fully develop an original innovation-led growth approach to development and apply the model to the PRC and the country's economic development shift. Due to this shift, China will be able to survive decreasing world demand and the recent problems concerning export safety apprehension regarding food stuffs and toys. Many scholars continue to contend that the export-led growth model is the most effective road to development for DCs; many of these scholars also contend that China is still following an export-oriented model of growth. In a speech at Harvard University in 1943 Winston Churchill said that ''the empires of the future wil 1 be empires of the mind." In the same respect, the battles of the future will be for talent. The c lash for talent will not be limited to companies. Globalization has created a global front line the "balance of brains" has supplanted the " balance of power." Talent is one of the three-pillars of innovation. The other two are applied or investment-specific research and development and an economic environment with the freedom necessary for entrepreneurs to pursue ground-breaking new technologies, processes, and management techniques. The most striking aspect of innovation-led growth is its reach. All economies of the future will need to pursue the innovation-led growth strategy Advanced Industrial Nations (AINs) as well as Developing Countries (DCs) and Emerging Markets will have to pursue innovation-led growth or risk falling behind in the global economic race to compete. Thus, while development scholars still debate whether the export-led growth strategy or import-substitution strategy is better for DCs and emerging economies, nations like China are already attempting to implement a new strategy the innovation-led growth strategy. Document Type Thesis Degree Name M.S. in International Studies Department International Studies This thesis is available at Fisher Digital Publications: https://fisherpub.sjfc.edu/intlstudies_masters/20


It is argued in literature that two schools of thoughts might have been most relevant and influential to the policy formation and implementation in transition economies, with distinguishable economic and social outcomes. While Russia and some countries in the Central and Eastern Europe have commonly been perceived as the subscribers to the Washington consensus, the transition practice in China is seen by some as a vindication of the evolutionary-institutionalist perspective. This study attempts to assess the validity of this latter argument and, on that basis, to raise some analytical issues which may warrant further scholarly investigations. These include the role of the government in transition economies, the characteristics of China's gradualist approach, the essence of an economic transition and the criteria for assessing its progress. For the benefit of a fruitful analysis, these issues need to be more carefully addressed.


ABSTRACT Pseudomonas fluorescens strain 2-79, a natural isolate of the rhizosphere of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), possesses antagonistic potential toward several fungal pathogens. We report the draft genome sequence of strain 2-79, which comprises 5,674 protein-coding sequences.


Abstract : The reaction of ketene (C2H20) in a known excess of 0-atoms was studied in a discharge flow-tube apparatus. Characteristic CO-chemiluminescence was observed in the range 130-900 nm. The rate coefficient for this reaction was determined to be (6.82 + or - 1.02) x 10(exp -13) cu cm molec(exp -1) s(exp -1) at 295 K by recording the relative strength of the steady-state 216-nm Cameron emission as a function of the reaction length in the flow-tube. The band structure of the emission spectrum recorded suggests that the subsequent very rapid reaction of O-atoms with the product C2O and possibly with CH2 that are formed in the initial C2H2O + O oxidation lead to the observed radiation. 351-nm pulsed laser photolysis of the unreacted ketene in the detection volume of the apparatus resulted in transient enhancements of the CO-chemiluminescence. The time behavior of these emissions and their dependence on the laser fluence employed was consistent with the photolytic production of CH2 and also C2O, respectively, due to 1-photon and 2-photon absorption of the 351-nm laser radiation by the ketene. Strong OH(A) emission was also seen in these experiments when excess 02 was present. The reaction of CH with O2 is responsible for this emission. The principal source for CH in our system is thought to be the CH2 + O reaction.


Enhanced oil recovery has become an essential process in oil production due to the large amount of oil that could not be produced by the primary and secondary oil recovery techniques and the increasing demand for oil. The main purpose of the enhanced oil recovery process is to transfer oil in the production wells by the flooding of different fluids to increase the natural energy present in the reservoir and alter the properties of reservoir's properties such as interfacial tension, rock wettability, oil and water viscosity, pH.
Enhanced oil recovery may be divided into the following categories: Thermal methods, Miscible flooding, Microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR), Foam flooding, Gas injection, Plasma-pulse, and Chemical enhanced oil recovery.
A process in which one or more pre-selected chemicals are mixed with water or brine and then flooded into the reservoir to increase the oil recovery factor further than water flooding levels is called chemical enhanced oil recovery (Chemical EOR).
In this research the usage of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) had been studied as a surfactant to enhance the oil recovery in one of the United Arab Emirates tight carbonate reservoirs. SLS was mixed with various brines to optimize the brine concentration and SLS concentration in brine. Core rock samples were taken from a tight carbonate reservoir in United Arab Emirates, whereas Bu Hassa crude oil used to perform the flooding, IFT, and AMOTT experiments.
It was found that (SLS) has a significant effect on the interfacial tension between crude oil and all types of brine used in this research, especially on the high saline formation brines, where the residual oil saturation was at the minimum. Hence using the proposed technique will save time, money, and the environment.


Background/Aim: The differentiation of the mouse breast epithelial cell line HC11 is known to require confluence as well as the addition of hydrocortisone, insulin and prolactin. Materials and Methods: Since confluence, which triggers the engagement of the cell-to-cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin, induces a dramatic increase in the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (Stat3), we examined the role of Stat3 in HC11 cell differentiation. Results: Stat3 inhibition abolished differentiation, indicating that Stat3 activity is critically required. However, expression of the mutationally activated form of Stat3 (Stat3C), rather than promoting, it was found to block cell differentiation, even when expressed in low levels, and in the absence of full neoplastic conversion. Conclusion: The strength of the E-cadherin/Stat3 signal is key for the outcome of the differentiation process.


Optical interconnect networks utilizing wavelengthdivision multiplexing (WDM) technology present a solution to the electrical interconnect bottleneck by offering a larger bandwidth and lower power consumption in highperformance microelectronic chips [1]. To realize this goal, high speed silicon-based modulators and germanium photodetectors have been demonstrated [2,3]. However, their integration with a WDM system has been limited by the optical bandwidth of the multiplexers/de-multiplexers. As such, a broad and flat passband interleaver with high extinction ratio and rapid rolloff on the band edges is essential to combine or separate a comb of WDM signals. Several onchip interleaver designs have been demonstrated and have shown to be sensitive to fabrication variations in waveguide width and coupling gap, which results in performance degradation of the filter [4]. Here we demonstrate a silicon photonic interleaver with full reconfiguration capability which can compensate these fabrication imperfections.


Therapists in Canada (C.A.O.T., 1986) require that a bacua|aureate degree be awarded upon graduation ^ro m a C.A.C}I accredited university. Undergraduate education must be completed in a recognized university setting which has the capacit to provide the nacæossry course requirements i ^ 1) medical and sciences, 2) professions theoretical and applied sciences, 3) fieldwork experience. To facilitate the integration of course medeha! from the three arees, there are many curriculum models. The undergraduate degree program is nor mally offered as a four year full-time program of studies The integration and synthesis o f knowledge ove r such a spectrum of nnadics| and puynho_aooiæ | sciences is only gained in a university setting; the theoretical content of professional practice must be learned in conjunction with a foundation in science and the liberal arts then practiced and refined in the clinical setting. Therapists require more than technics Tc ripetence to devise, structure and monitor the use ,c,f activity for rehabilitation purposes. The Association expects educational programs ir occupational therapy to prepare professionals . f have the potential to function beyond the frc.-service delivery sector of their own discipline. programs must prepare competent pra: -ers who have the ability to integrate and synthesize / . :-.owledge, to develop therapeutic relationships am Nho are practiced in the conscious use of "self" as an agent of change. In addition, occupational therapists must be able to apply their skills of observation Problem solving and activity analysis within the contexl of the client's needs and specific dysfunction (Cynkin 1979; Mosey, 1980). It is the unique approach to the palance of self-care, leisure and productivity ir occupational performance which is the art to be .earned (Moore, 1977). The educational experience must oe or surficien lgour to prepare graduates to do advanced study, fo -.hey will ultimately be responsible for the research anc development leading to changes in service delivery


A converter monitoring unit (CMU), which will enable condition monitoring of wind turbine converters is presented in this paper. Reducing the cost of corrective maintenance by means of condition monitoring is a way of lowering operation and maintenance costs for wind turbine systems. The CMU must be able to detect a broad range of failure modes related to Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) power modules and associated gate drives. IGBT collector-emitter on-state voltage (vceon) and current (ic) is sampled in the CMU and used for detection of emerging failures. A new method for compensation of unwanted inductive voltage drop in the vceon measurement path is presented, enabling retrofitting of CMUs in existing wind turbines. Finally, experimental results obtained on a prototype CMU are presented. Experimentally the vceon dependency to IGBT junction temperature and deterioration of gate drive voltage is investigated. The proposed method shows good detectability of both thermally related degradations of the power module and detectability of deterioration of gate drive voltage. It is also expected that the proposed method will enable detectability of other failure mechanisms.


Electromagnitic acoustic tranducers(EMAT)were adopted to receive single S0 mode exitation.The reflection and transmission of Lamb wave in a plate were measured at slotted cracks with different depths,which was used for depth measurement of surface crack with known extended length.The modal dispersion characteristics and fluctuation properties of Lamb wave was analyzed.The reflection coefficient of incident S0 mode on the crack was approximately calculated,based on the structure of ultrasonic Lamb wave.The calculated results are consistent with experimental ones.Results show that the reflection coefficient of Lamb wave at carck with finite length can be approximately solved by using two-dimensioanal model reflection coefficient solving formula.EMAT provides high stability in repeated measurements and is suitable for measurement of Lamb wave reflection coefficient There is a good corresponding relation between the crack depth and Lamb wave reflection coefficient,which can be used for depth measurement for plate surface crack with known length.


In this letter, we study the performance of two promising relay selection techniques, namely selection cooperation (SC) and opportunistic relaying (OPR), under a clustered fixed-gain relay setting. Such relay configuration finds applicability in practical ad-hoc and sensor networks, although it considers independent identically distributed channels among the links of each hop. Assuming Rayleigh fading and that all nodes are single-antenna devices, a comparative analysis between the selection strategies is performed in terms of the outage probability and average bit error rate. With this aim, closed-form expressions for the probability density function, cumulative distribution function, and moment generating function of the end-to-end signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are derived. Our theoretical results are validated by means of Monte Carlo simulations, and show that, irrespective on the metric analyzed, OPR always yields higher performance than SC. Such conclusions differ from recent results reported in the open literature for decode-and-forward relays.


The societal role in the public policy presupposes it's recognition as an independent actor of political decision-making. But tackling the society rarely pays attention to its' psychological state in each moment of the time. The paper discusses the results of the study that describes the current psychological state of Russian society and its' capability to influence public policy. The author distinguishes two main trends. The first trend facilitates the societal role in public policy, i.e.: the growing level of society's self-consciousness, high level of activism demand, the change of political «optics», in particular the growth of cognitive complexity and precision of political representations. The second trend is opposite to the first as during last two years Russian society was affected by the growth of negative emotional background, raise of political indifference, lack of political interest that are not less dangerous to stability of the state than riots, aggressiveness, protests. This trend shows the lack of readiness to mobilization that is necessary in the face of pandemic or military risks. But positive changes in psychological state of society concern the core of this phenomenon as the negative affects it's periphery. It permits us to evaluate the changes in psychological state of Russian society as rather positive, though not stable ones.


1. Mice of two inbred strains (C57 BL 6/J and SEC I ReJ) were tested for their preferences for the smells of bedding used by mice of the opposite sex of the same two strains. 2. C57 males and females showed no significant preference between the smell of C57 and SEC and this result was unaffected if the mice were reared by SEC foster-parents. 3. SEC males and females preferred the smell of SEC to the smell of C57 and this result was unaffected if the mice were reared by C57 foster-parents. 4. Males of both strains preferred the smell of non-siblings of their own strain to the smell of siblings. Rearing by foster-parents of the other strain reversed this preference; the males then preferred the smell of siblings. 5. C57 females preferred the smell of siblings to the smell of non-siblings of the same strain and this result was unaffected by rearing by SEC foster-parents. 6. Female SEC showed no significant sibling preferences and this result was unaffected by rearing by C57 foster-parents. 7. The results are consistent with the idea that mice prefer a slight degree of unfamiliarity in the smell of the opposite sex but they also suggest that what was judged as unfamilar differed between the two strains.


In almost every village in Africa lives a storyteller. Telling stories is not her official job. By day she may be a Gogo (or granny), a teacher, a farmer or a seamstress. But by night, round the fire, she will sit, surrounded by young children, old friends, neighbours and travellers, and will tell you of how it was in the olden days, when the Earth was young, when man was a hunter-gatherer, and when animals roamed wild throughout the continent. The author spent several months hiking around the villages, towns, farms and deserts of Zimbabwe, Zambia, Botswana and South Africa, asking people who can't read or write to tell her their favourite stories. The result is this children's treasury of legends and fables, of witchdoctors and kingdoms of strange creatures and talking animals, which celebrates Africa and its ancient storytelling culture.