Objective
To investigate the safety and efficacy of definitive chemoradiotherapy(dCRT) in esophageal cancer.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of 18 consecutive cases ofsalvage esophagectomy after dCRT by the single operation groupin department of Thoracic surgery, Shanghai chest hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University from December 2014 to March 2017.

Results
16 males and 2 females. There were 6 cases and 12 cases of recurrent and persistent tumor after dCRT respectively. All the patients were treated with McKeown operation stytle combing thoracic and abdominal lymph nodes dissection. Esophagus was replaced by stomach of 15 cases and colon of 3 cases respectively. Radical resection(R0) was performed in 12 cases, palliative resection(R2) in 6 cases. There were 4 cases of pathological complete response(pCR). The incidence of postoperative complications was 11 cases, including 6 cases of pulmonary infection, 4 cases of anastomotic leak, 2 cases of incision infection, one case of respiratory insufficiency, one case of recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis, one case of chylothorax, one case of aortic bleeding caused by empyema. One patient died in perioperative period because of aortic bleeding due to empyema. The follow-up period was from 2 to 26 months, and the median follow-up time was 9 months. There were 13 patients survived and 5 patients died at the last follow-up date including one death in perioperative period, 2 cases died of local-regional recurrence and metastasis respectively.

Conclusion
Salvage esophagectomy is a treatment option for the recurrent or persistent disease after dCRT, but the incidence of postoperative complications is high. Accurate clinical staging is especially important after dCRT and ycT4, ycN+ patientsshould be avoided. R0 resection and recurrence after long disease free period are favorable prognostic factors.

Key words:
Esophageal cancer; Definitive chemoradiotherapy(dCRT); Salvage resection


Objective To proliferate dendritic cells from normal human cord blood in vitro . Methods Cord blood was collected from the normal placenta after cesarean section, from which mononuclear cells were separated, and the latter was cultured in RPMI 1640 with a cocktail of cytokines (SCF+ GM CSF+IL 4+TNF α)under routine condition. At the end of the culture circle ,those cells in the medium were identified. Results After 5 to 6 days ,typical DCs began to appear .When the culture circle ended ,it was proved that ,among the yielded cells, the positive percentage of CD1a expression was 18.53% by means of FACScan (Becton Dickinson).Those cells expressed function related molecules CD40,CD86,MHCⅡ DR and had the capacity to induce the proliferation of resting allogeneic T cells. Conclusion DCs could be induced from MNCs of cord blood by means of a cocktail of cytokines, which laid a foundation for further clinical trial.


Poverty is arguably the single largest moral problem in the world today. In spite of the wealth and magnitude of intellectual and technological achievement in the world, one third of the population still goes to bed hungry (World Bank, 2001).In Nigeria, the story is not too different despite the poverty intervention programmes dating back to more than three decades. In the execution of the various poverty intervention programmes, its rather unfortunate that in most local communities, the citizens are not empowered or involved in decision making that affect their lives. The effect of such action is imposition of projects/ programmes on the populace; such projects in most cases are not sustainable. In recent times, a number of donor assisted programmes are being implemented in the country. Community-Driven Development (CDD) approach is distinct in nature compared to the past and some present ones with their unique methodology and approach that embrace the participation of community members in their own development strides. CDD is an approach to development that supports participatory decision making, local capacity building and community control of resources. The approach gives control over planning decisions and investment resources for local development projects to community groups (SMTCSL, 2010). Decision making and project management in CDD approach is bottom-up and it is based on the felt needs and interest of the Abstract: In the past, the governments of Nigeria at all levels had made genuine attempts at alleviating poverty, but these efforts were largely ineffective. The 'supply-driven' and 'top-down' approaches used led to little or no involvement of the targeted beneficiaries in identification of their basic needs and lack of community participation in the design, implementation and maintenance of projects, thus, leading to misdirected funds. Community Driven Development, evolved to treat the beneficiaries (poor people) and their institutions as initiators, collaborators and as resources on which to build and manage. Communities in the State adopted this approach to implement, maintain and sustain various projects. The outcomes of these led to a general reduction in both time, cost and space of accessing these projects by the poor people. For example, access to education in terms of distance, cost and time reduced by 90.7%, 50.8% and 95% respectively. The findings equally showed that there was a positive correlation between wealth creation and levels of poverty by the communities. The correlation co-efficient for Social facilities was 0.988 and for Unemployment, 0.643. It was recommended that both the governments and donor agencies should use the findings of this research work as guides and templates in the allocation of projects and funds to alleviate poverty in the State.


In September, 1996, following the completion of an extensive Environmental Impact Statement (EIS), a record of decision (ROD) was issued by DOE selecting Sandia as the facility to take on the {sup 99}Mo production mission. {sup 99}Mo is the precursor to {sup 99m}Tc which is used in 36,000 medical procedures per day in the US. to meet US {sup 99}Mo medical demands, 20 kCi of {sup 99}Mo must be delivered to the pharmaceutical companies each week. This could be accomplished by the processing of twenty-five targets (total fission product of 15 kCi/target) each week within the SNL Hot Cell Facility (HCF). To accomplish this new mission, significant modifications to the HCF will have to be undertaken. This paper presents a brief history of the HCF, and describes modifications necessary to achieve DOE directives.


In 2004, Tohoku University started a new introductory experimental science course for freshmen. This course was intended to aid students in thinking logically and in understanding the fundamental concepts of natural phenomena. We combined physics, chemistry, biology, and earth sciences and set up a five themes entitled, "Life, Energy, Earth and Environment, Materials, and Science and Culture" . More than 1,800 students, including 810 engineering students, of all the science-related subjects attended these classes. Of the students taking the classes, 62% were favorable to them in 2004 and 68% in 2007, whilst only 50% of the students were positive about the old course in 2003.


This paper analyzes on the distribut ion of RD funds in China,and in the li ght of the three shortages ex-isting in the distribution of RD funds in China,puts forward corresponding suggestions for the adjustment:the first is to adjust the structure of the distribution of RD funds and clarify the rela tive division of work among the main i nnovative bodies,the second is to perfect the s ocialist market economic system and further strengthen the position of enterprise as the main body of the distribution of RD f unds,and the third is to increase the proportion of the RD funds in the funda-mental research especially the prop ortion of the RD funds in universities.


Generally, traumatic and aneurysmal brain injuries cause intracranial hemorrhages, which is a severe disease that results in death, if it is not treated and diagnosed properly at the early stage. Compared to other imaging techniques, Computed Tomography (CT) images are extensively utilized by clinicians for locating and identifying intracranial hemorrhage regions. However, it is a time-consuming and complex task, which majorly depends on professional clinicians. To highlight this problem, a novel model is developed for the automatic detection of intracranial hemorrhages. After collecting the 3D CT scans from the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) 2019 brain CT hemorrhage database, the image segmentation is carried out using Fuzzy C Means (FCM) clustering algorithm. Then, the hybrid feature extraction is accomplished on the segmented regions utilizing the Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HoG), Local Ternary Pattern (LTP), and Local Binary Pattern (LBP) to extract discriminative features. Furthermore, the Cuckoo Search Optimization (CSO) algorithm and the Optimized Gated Recurrent Unit (OGRU) classifier are integrated for feature selection and sub-type classification of intracranial hemorrhages. In the resulting segment, the proposed ORGU-CSO model obtained 99.36% of classification accuracy, which is higher related to other considered classifiers.


Some good ideas for demonstrations that were introduced at the 6th Biennial conference. "Mercury scoop"; "Contradicting statements"; "A recommended book"; "Equilibrium demo (or maybe a lab)"; "Spring fever"; "More suggestions by Dan Dill"


In this paper we briefly comment some technological limitations of the implementation of quantum cryptography employing polarization coding. We perform an experiment to demonstrate a compensation scheme for polarization coded QKD. We then apply a procedure to characterize an APD working as a photon counter operating in the single-photon regime. We finally perform a polarization coding photon counting experiment.


Phosphorus (P) is not a typical element that is determined with the electrothermal vaporization (ETV) technique because of its volatility and its lack of sensitivity. However, direct solid sampling is possible when ETV is coupled with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) for the determination of P in plant samples. Obtaining good results was governed by some special operating conditions. The concentrations studied necessitated the use of the ICP spectrometer in radial view configuration. The behavior of P during vaporization was studied between 270 and 1900 °C. External calibration was carried out using solid external (cellulose) spiked with aqueous standard solutions. Several reference plant materials were used to validate the accuracy of the method. Analytical results agreed with certified values when cellulose was used in calibration. Relative standard deviations varied from 2 to 14%. A detection limit of 30 μg g−1 was achieved for a typical mass sample of 2 mg.


Differential evolution is the conventional algorithm with the fastest convergence speed, but it may be trapped local optimal solution easily, so many researchers devote themselves into improve DE. Whale swarm algorithm (WSA) is a new algorithm with niching strategy we proposed previously, it is featured with simple mutation strategy and powerful global search capability, but for functions with high dimensions, it converges slower than conventional algorithms. Based on this fact, we proposed a new DE algorithm, called DE with nearest & better option (NbDE). In order to evaluate the performance of NbDE, we compare NbDE with several meta-heuristic algorithms in nine classical benchmark functions with different dimensions. The result have shown that NbDE outperforms other algorithms in convergence speed and accuracy.


There doesn't exist such an exchange rate system that suits any country.For any country,an exchange rate system which adapts to the country's situation and promotes its productivity development is good.The country should hold independent,step-by-step and controllable principles and think much of the basic establishment construction of exchange rate markets.For China,it's necessary to relieve more pressure of RMB increasing in value in the exchange rate market.


ABSTRACT Recent research on political transnationalism raises tantalising questions about how people, organisations, and ideologies in both host and homeland countries activate, shape, and constrain political remittances. This article historicises and extends the literature by exploring ways the development of transcultural Danish American identities in fraternal lodges between the wars prepared an institutional conduit for Danish officials to successfully lobby United States policymakers during World War II. In the process it demonstrates that political divisions within the sending state, Denmark, elevated the importance of mutually held values in determining the diaspora's overwhelming support for a pro-democratic diplomatic corps acting against official government policy. Thus it captures the multi-directionality of political remittances while problematising the role of the state and mapping the transformative potential of ideology and ethnic institutions in shaping their currents.


Equilibria in the halogenation of compounds containing C-H, N-H, and O-H bonds have been studied. 1. Electromotive force measurements have been made on cells of the type Pt, X 2 , X − , (Buffer) / 3.5 N KCl / (Buffer), X − , X 2 , RH, Pt where X 2 , X − represent iodine or bromine and the corresponding anion RH an organic compound with a reactive C-H or N-H bond. From these data the thermodynamic equilibrium constants of the reaction RH + X 2 = RX + X − + H + have been obtained for 20 organic compounds, in some cases at several temperatures. 2. From the free energies and heats of halogenation together with other thermochemical data, the differences in the dissociation energy of the C-H and C-X bonds or the N-H and N-X bonds in the compounds RH and RX have been obtained. Their variation in interpreted in terms of the structural changes in the organic compounds. 3. Thermochemical calculations on the hydrolysis of the halogens have yielded dissociation energies of oxygen-halogen bonds. 4. The equilibrium constants of halogenation have also been considered in terms of the ionisation constants of the hydrogen and halogen bonds and of the halogen itself:- K e = (H + )(X − )(RX) ⁄ (RH)(X 2 ) = (R − )(H + ) ⁄ (RH) ⋅ (RX) ⁄ (R − )(X + ) ⋅ (X − )(X + ) ⁄ (X 2 ) 5. In this connection the evidence for the existence of halogen cations in aqueous solution is reviewed. Their free energies of formation have been calculated, and their significance in both kinetic and equilibrium problems has been discussed.


Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have shown potential as multifunctional nanoparticles for theranostic applications. The assessment of toxicity and biocompatibility of the tailored product is, therefore, paramount to deliver commercially sound theranostic tools. In this study, a systematic approach to testing the cytotoxicity of three differently coated SPIONs derived from two synthesis methods (co-precipitation in water and thermal decomposition), with different coatings, and surface charges has been carried out. Toxicity and biocompatibility were investigated by automated high content screening of two breast cancer cell lines (MCF7, and BT474) and healthy (MCF10A) control exposed to incremental doses of the SPIONs up to 24 h in vitro. In the case of iron oxide coated with aminodextran (ADNH), this elicited pronounced effects on the permeability of BT474 with reflected evidence on the cell count reduction and lysosomal mass when compared to the aminopropylsilane (ASi), dimercaptosuccininc acid (DMSA/OD10) coated particles. More subtle effect was observed in the cell count of MCF7 cell line at the highest concentration of ADNH coated nanoparticle. Therefore, from the three cell lines used in this study it is possible to evince subtleness in the cell-specific cytotoxicity response.


Homogeneous zinc tetrahalide complexes, highly active catalysts for the coupling reactions of alkylene oxide and CO 2 produce alkylene carbonates, were heterogenized due to their tendency to decompose produced alkylene carbonates during the distillation process. Heterogenization of homogeneous zinc tetrahalide complexes was achieved by polymerizing 1-alkyl-3-vinylimidazolium zinc tetrahalides. These polymerized zinc tetrahalide catalysts displayed similar activities to their corresponding monomeric analogues for the coupling reactions of carbon dioxide with ethylene oxide (EO) or propylene oxide (PO) to produce ethylene carbonate (EC) or propylene carbonate (PC). TGA studies showed that the polymer-supported zinc tetrahalide catalysts are thermally stable up to 320 °C. The catalyst recycle test showed that the supported catalysts could be reused over six times. After removal of the polymer-supported catalyst through a simple filtration, EC was able to be isolated without decomposition.


Metropolis is a system design environment in which designs are carried out by a well-de ned methodology that orthogonalizes and localizes design concerns, captures design decisions and requirements explicitly and unambiguously, and exploits the underlying theoretical framework to e ectively apply a tool-set throughout the design phases. The project, supported by the Gigascale Silicon Research Center, is in a process of prototyping the infrastructure and the tool-set of the environment, and applying the methodology to design drivers in various application domains. This paper presents a brief overview of the project, and reports the status and future plans.


OBJECTIVE To establish a method to determine atropine sulfate in Compound Mantuoluo medical solution.METHODS An HPLC method was adopted.A C18 column was used with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.4 phosphoric acid(adjusted pH to 5.7 with triethylamine)(15:85)at detection wavelength of 257 nm.RESULTS The linear range was 2-20 μg·ml-1(r=0.9999).The average recovery was 89.2% with RSD of 1.25%.CONCLUSION This method was simple,accurate and feasible.


intended to apply. Despite avowals to the contrary, specifications of required or preferred subject content usually betray the conceptions of process that lie back of them. A study of the courses on file at the Curriculum Library of the United States Office of Education reveals, in most instances, rather pretentious philosophies that reflect advanced views of the nature of child needs and of the educative process; but the study of specified content which follows the exposition of philosophy is usually disillusioning. Expressions of faith and understanding are succeeded by the prosiest and most deadening kinds of subject outlines indicating that the writer was thinking all along of education as the process of transposing verbalisms from books to minds. There is rarely any clash between


This research presents an evaluation of three meteorological models, the Global Forecast System (GFS), the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and the mesoscale model WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) for three sites located in north of Chile. Cerro Moreno Airport, the Paranal Observatory and Llano de Chajnantor are located at 25, 130 and 283 km from the city of Antofagasta, respectively. Results for the three sites show that the lowest correlation and the highest errors occur at the surface. ECMWF model presents the best results at these levels for the two hours analyzed. This could be due to the fact that the ECMWF model has 91 vertical levels, compared to the 64 and 27 vertical levels of GFS and WRF models, respectively. Therefore, it can represent better the processes in the Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL). In relation to the middle and upper troposphere, the three models show good agreement.


Introduction Gastric perforation following laparoscopic fundoplication is an extremely unusual late complication of the procedure. Underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. Case report We report the case of a 55-year-old female patient who had previously undergone laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication for Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, with no further complications. Five years following the surgery, she presented with suddenonset left-sided shoulder pain and heaviness across the chest. A chest x-ray revealed a large pneumoperitoneum. Abdominal CT identified the gastro-oesophageal junction as the most likely site of perforation. The patient recovered completely with conservative management only. Conclusion This case demonstrates successful conservative management of late gastric perforation following laparoscopic fundoplication. If systemically stable, patients with similar presentation should undergo a trial of conservative management. Long-term prevention should be sought by prescription of adequate anti-reflux medication.


The aim of this paper is to start a conversation about the cost premium for green buildings in Qatar. It examines what Qatar has achieved over the last decade and explores the root cause of green building cost premiums, why they exist, what can we do about them, and why should we accept them. For the purposes of this paper, the term green building specifically refers to buildings pursuing certification under USGBC's "LEED" or GORD's "GSAS" rating system, which are most commonly used in Qatar. However, lower oil prices have led to tighter spending and a greater focus on value engineering and cost savings. It is assumed that the environmental benefits of green buildings are understood and taken as given. Accordingly, here we aim to shift the conversation toward how to maximize value from implementing green building rating systems. We analyze the costs and benefits of the main GB rating systems currently used in Qatar, such as GSAS and LEED. By identifying the costs of constructing a green building, in this ...


In the exploding growth of radio mobile and wireless communication applications, microstrip antennas with its advantages of low cost and flexible fabrications, emerge as the most suitable candidate. The direct antenna synthesis could, however do not result in the optimal antenna configuration, and therefore a possible alternative is considering the problem of optimizing the antenna as a system of uncertainty, in which each set of geometrical parameters returns a totally different response; the best set, i.e. the one that gives the best antenna performances, can be obtained using global optimizers, as evolutionary algorithms. The main drawback of this approach is that it is really time and memory consuming. In this article, a technique based on the hybridization between Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN)is introduced with the aim of reducing this nimerical cost and implemented to optimize a dual-annular ring proximity coupled feed antenna.


The structural development during the melt spinning and subsequent annealing of polybutene-1 fibers was studied with in situ wide-angle X-ray scattering techniques. The online spinning apparatus consisted of a vertically translating extruder that allowed different distances from the spinneret to the stationary X-ray beam to be sampled. For all take-up speeds examined, phase II crystals mainly were formed, with only a small population of phase I crystals existing. As the take-up speed was increased, the crystallinity also increased, indicating that strain-induced crystallization prevailed. The crystalline orientations observed online were very close to perfect alignment with the fiber axis. In addition, annealing studies were performed to study aspects of the gradual phase II to phase I transformation as functions of time and prior processing take-up speed. This transformation was strongly dependent on the take-up speed. The dependence appears to be connected to local stress enhancement via chains connecting crystallites. The results also seem to indicate that at low take-up speeds (17 mpm) there is a series connectivity of amorphous and crystalline components in the fiber, whereas at greater take-up speeds (100 and 250 mpm), the morphology grows into some type of three-dimensional network, possibly a shish–kebob-type morphology. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 38: 1872–1882, 2000


Objective To prepare Secnidazole Vaginal Effervescent Tablets and to study its quality standard.Methods By using nonaqueous solvent,the formulations were evaluated by pH,disintegration time and effervescent effect.The content of secnidazole in the tablets was determined by HPLC.Results The quality of Secnidazole Vaginal Effervescent Tablets met the requirement after accelerated and long-term testing.The standard curves were obtained with a linear range of 5.051-45.459μg·mL-1,the r was0.9999 8.Conclusion The Secnidazole Vaginal Effervescent Tablets were rational and stable,and the established HPLC was accurate and precise.


Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) translocated outside the uterus was rarely reported, it was asymptomatic usually and lead serious complications. We present 3 cases of IUD migration which translocated into the ureter, bladder and peritoneal cavity.


The epistemological problems are essential to educational administration research. After reviewing the main ideas of subjectivism in western educational administration,the author analyzes the epistemological base on which the subjectivism in educational administration builds.


In the age of digital disruption, coming up with continuous innovation has become a major challenge. The first step to overcoming this challenge is to understand the current state of the innovation activities with reference to customer value. We propose an innovation evaluation framework using the state transition probability of a product. This framework not only provides cost and delivery efficiency in terms of customer contribution, but also provides the innovation characteristics of the enterprise. We applied the proposed framework to software products of FY 2018 and found that the average product had a 14% probability of being added to a service within one year of starting development and that 28% of the development costs contributed to customer value. We also uncovered various structural issues in the innovation process. These findings are consistent with our intuitive impressions, thus demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed framework as a means of grasping the status quo.


Chain Sampling Plan is widely used whenever a small sample attributes plan is required to be used for situations involving destructive products coming out of continuous production process [1, 2]. This paper presents a procedure for the construction and selection of a ChSP-1 by attributes inspection based on membership functions [3]. A procedure using search technique is developed for obtaining the parameters of single sampling plan for a given set of AQL and LQL values. A sample of tables providing ChSP-1 plans for various combinations of AQL and LQL values are presented [4].Chain Sampling Plan is widely used whenever a small sample attributes plan is required to be used for situations involving destructive products coming out of continuous production process [1, 2]. This paper presents a procedure for the construction and selection of a ChSP-1 by attributes inspection based on membership functions [3]. A procedure using search technique is developed for obtaining the parameters of single sampling plan for a given set of AQL and LQL values. A sample of tables providing ChSP-1 plans for various combinations of AQL and LQL values are presented [4].


This crossover-experimental research compared of the effects of endotracheal suctioning with and without normal saline instillation on physiologic changes in pediatric patients with mechanical ventilation. The conceptual framework was based on biomedical knowledge about pathophysiology of oxygenation and ventilation during endotracheal suctioning. Sixty-five suctionings from fifty-eight pediatric patients, who were admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) in Ramathibodi Hospital during July 2005 to January 2006, were selected by purposive sampling. The crossover-experimental design was used to compare the mean changes in oxygen saturation, end-tidal CO2, heart rate, and mean blood pressure between the subjects after endotracheal suctioning. Each subject was exposed to both methods: the endotracheal suctioning with and without normal saline instillation. The sequence of the experimental method for eligible subjects was assigned by drawing lots (number 1 to 65) without replacement. The duration between each suctioning method was 3 hours before starting another method. Data were analyzed using with SPSS/FW program in descriptive statistics, paired t-test, and wilcoxon signed ranks test. The results revealed that oxygen saturation after endotracheal suctioning with normal saline instillation was decreased more than after the endotracheal suctioning without normal saline instillation over time with a statistically significant difference (p<.05). End-tidal CO2, heart rate, and mean blood pressure after endotracheal suctioning with normal saline instillation were increased more than after the endotracheal suctioning without normal saline instillation over time with a statistically significant difference (p<.05). This study suggests that the instillation of normal saline before endotracheal suctioning resulted in decrease of oxygen saturation, increase of end-tidal CO2, heart rate and blood pressure. Thus, these data should be used to develop an endotracheal suctioning clinical nursing practice guideline.


Most entity linking systems, whether mono or multilingual, link mentions to a single English knowledge base. Few have considered linking non-English text to a non-English KB, and therefore, transferring an English entity linking model to both a new document and KB language. We consider the task of zero-shot cross-language transfer of entity linking systems to a new language and KB. We find that a system trained with multilingual representations does reasonably well, and propose improvements to system training that lead to improved recall in most datasets, often matching the in-language performance. We further conduct a detailed evaluation to elucidate the challenges of this setting.


Objective: The present study was designed to examine the influence of ginsenoside-Rg3 (Rg3), one of panaxadiol-type saponins, which is isolated from Korean Panax ginseng, in some antihypertensive agents-induced inhibition on the secretion of catecholamines (CA) from the perfused rat adrenal medullae. Design and method: The adrenal gland was isolated and perfused with Krebs-bicarbonate. CA was measured directly by using the fluorospectrophotometer. Results: Ginsenoside-Rg3 (3∼30 μM) during perfusion into an adrenal vein for 90 min significantly inhibited the CA secretion evoked by acetylcholine (ACh). Also, olmesartan (AT1 receptor blocker, 15 μM), simvastatin (an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, 60 μM), enalapril (an inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme, 150 μM), and cilnidipine (a voltage-dependent L-type Ca2+ channel blocker, 3 μM) significantly reduced the CA secretion evoked by ACh and angiotensin II (Ang II), respectively. In the simultaneous presence of ginsenoside-Rg3 (10 μM) along with four antihypertensive agents (olmesartan, enalapril, simvastatin or cilnidipine), the CA secretion evoked by ACh and Ang II was more strongly inhibited compared with that of each antihypertensive agent-treatment alone. Conclusions: Collectively, these results demonstrate that ginsenoside-Rg3 as well as antihypertensive agents can inhibit the CA secretion evoked by activation of both cholinergic and AT1 receptors from the perfused rat adrenal medulla. When this ginsenoside-Rg3 was used in combination with different antihypertensive agents, their effects of antihypertensive agents on reduction of adrenal CA secretion were significantly enhanced, which may also be clinically beneficial for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.


The results of examination and surgical treatment of 22 patients with a.poplitea aneurysm were analyzed. Ultrasonic duplex scanning and roentgencontrast angiography were the objective methods of the disease diagnosis.


The feasibility of using standard 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS technology for low cost wideband radio frequency integrated circuits (RFIC) at /spl sim/10 GHz is demonstrated. Two different designs of coplanar waveguides (CPW) have been fabricated for loss comparison and the low-loss design has been identified. The measured loss for the 0.5 mm long low-loss design is 0.32 dB at 10 GHz. A monolithically integrated four-stage traveling wave amplifier (TWA) with n-FET cascode gain cells is proposed, with CPW as the on-chip inductive elements, and is being fabricated. Simulated results indicate a 10 dB gain at 1 GHz and unity-gain frequency of 12 GHz. This TWA is also compared with measured results of a previously reported five-stage TWA with single n-FET gain cells. A new design for a distributed oscillator using a TWA is proposed and is currently being fabricated.


RESUME Data from the Japanese longline bluefin fishery in the Gulf of Mexico for 1979 and 1980 were combined with in situ oceanographie data from four research cruises and several ship-of-opportunity XBT transects, and with infrared and visible ssatellite imagery from GOES, TIROS-n, and NIMBUS-7. Catch per unit effort, CPUE, for Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus thynnus) in 1979 was approximately one third that in 1980 and appears to be associated with the area fished. Using GOES infrared data, the boundary of the Gulf Loop Current was located and compared with the CPUE; the high 1980 catch was correlated with proximity to the surface thermal front of the current and appears to reflect a change in fishing strategy between years. Correlations with other environmental factors such as sea surface temperature, tempera ture differences, time (spectral estimates), and configuration of the Loop Current, were generally inconclusive. Polar orbiting satellite data, with at most twice-per-day observations, provided very few useful current boundary locations whereas GOES, with its hourly imagery schedule for oceanographie features, allowed comparisons almost every day during the fishing season. Operational application of satellite data to fisheries oceanography in the tropics and sub-tropics requires the high imaging frequency of geostationary vehicles because of cloud abundance, separation, and advection rates.


The matching operation and its optimization for the original pump and the newly-additional pump were put forward based on the characteristics of the refinery's oil terminals,which not only achieved the direct supply purpose from the crude oil tank to the process device and simplified the intermediate operation process,but also solved the pumps' large electricity consumption problem,thus achieving the goal of energy-saving.


Usually, we assume that there is no inhomogeneity isotropic in terms of our location in our universe. This assumption has not been observationally confirmed yet in sufficient accuracy, and we need to consider the possibility that there are non-negligible large-scale isotropic inhomogeneities in our universe. The existence of large-scale isotropic inhomogeneities affects the determination of the cosmological parameters. In particular, from only the distance-redshift relation, we can not distinguish the inhomogeneous isotropic universe model from the homogeneous isotropic one, because of the ambiguity in the cosmological parameters. In this paper, in order to avoid such ambiguity, we consider three observables, the distance-redshift relation, the fluctuation spectrum of the cosmic microwave background radiation(CMBR) and the scale of the baryon acoustic oscillation(BAO), and compare these observables in two universe models; One is the inhomogeneous isotropic universe model with the cosmological constant and the other is the homogeneous isotropic universe model with the dark energy other than the cosmological constant. We show that these two universe models can not predict the same observational data of all three observables but the same ones of only two of three, as long as the perturbations are adiabatic. In principle, we can distinguish the inhomogeneous isotropic universe from the homogeneous isotropic one through appropriate three observables, if the perturbations are adiabatic.


Introduction: The French Wars, Industrialisation and the Professions 1. Army medical service 2. Background 3. Education 4. Army Careers 5. Professional Life Outside the Service 6. Fortunes and Families 7. Enquiring Minds 8. Reflection


The invention discloses a method for achieving installment payment of an underwear machine control system, which comprises steps: S1 installment payment data is arranged through an input/output (I/O) module of a control system, and an installment payment function is stared to use; S2 a main control module judges whether the installment payment function is stared to use when the control system is stared, if not, the control system normally runs, if yes, an installment payment operation module is stared, and a step S3 is carried out; S3 a current system data and the installment payment data are compared through the main control module of the control system, and if the current system data is three days before the installment payment data, the control system normally runs. The method for achieving installment payment of the underwear machine control system has the beneficial effects that the method for achieving installment payment of the underwear machine control system enables clients to meet the demands of novel rental sale modes by utilizing the installment payment method of the underwear machine control system, thereby rapidly enlarging market occupancy. The method for achieving installment payment of the underwear machine control system enables an underwear machine to be capable of being rapidly suitable various different market demand developments, thereby greatly improving market applicability of underwear machines, and obtaining greater benefits for the clients.


This paper describes an experimental study on the combustion of suspended single droplets of fuel oils in high temperature air. The fuel oils used in the experiment were light cycle oil, vegetable oils and reference fuel oils, and the effects of ambient temperature on ignition delay and burning time were observed. The results show that the ignition delay of light cycle oil was determined by the reaction lag and that of vegetable oils was determined by the vaporization lag. The maximum burning time values were about equal. The maximum value was measured at an ambient temperature of 1000K. These results could be applied to the combustion of fuel oils in marine diesel engines.


The invention discloses an audio frequency warning method comprising the following steps: setting a bed information relevance table comprising first bed information and a warning audio frequency storage address related with the first bed information; detecting each bed whether warning signals are sent or not, wherein the warning signal comprises second bed information containing warning beds; if yes, checking the bed information relevance table according to the second bed information so as to obtain the warning audio frequency storage address corresponding to the second bed information; if not, continuous detecting the beds; calling the warning audio frequency file corresponding to the second bed information according to the warning audio frequency storage address of the second bed information, and playing the warning audio frequency file to users. The method can realize automatic audio frequency warning, thus improving transfusion monitor safety reliability.


The entity called tick-borne lymphadenopathy, also known as dermacentor-borne necrosis eritema lymphadenopathy, is included in the differential diagnosis of diseases transmitted by ticks, which have increased considerably in recent years due to greater clinical-epidemiological observation and diagnostic improvement. It is a zoonosis caused by Rickettsia slovaca and transmitted by the bite of the Dermacentor marginatus tick. Affected patients have a necrotic eschar surrounded by an erythematous halo in the scalp, as well as painful regional lymphadenopathy. We present a seven-year-old male who shows, after the extraction of a tick, a necrotic eschar on the scalp, accompanied by lymphadenopathy and low-grade fever. The study of polymerase chain reaction and culture of the lesion confirm the presence of Rickettsia slovaca. The patient received oral azithromycin with a good response. In Primary Care, it is important to monitor the tick bites, to detect possible diseases transmitted by them.


The present study has been undertaken to investigate, the effect of lethal concentrations 0.33 ppm, 0.26 ppm, 0.17 ppm and 0.09 ppm of tributyltin chloride on glycogen content in ovary, hepatopancreas, gill and muscle of a freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium kistnensis for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours respectively. The disturbance in the glycogen profile is one of the outstanding biochemical lesions due to the action of TBTCl. There is significant decrease in glycogen profiles in ovary, hepatopancreas, gill and muscle after exposed to lethal concentration of TBTCl under stress condition. This might be due to increase in glycogenolysis by increase in phosphorylase enzyme activity and elevation of succinate and pyruate dehydrogenase leading to anaerobic metabolism during anoxic stress condition caused by toxicant.


Biomass is considered an environmentally friendly energy source for the future. However, the transition from fossil fuels to clean sustainable energy sources will require a comprehensive understanding of the technical and socioeconomic dynamics of renewables. In Malaysia, the annual production of palm oil generates large quantities of lignocellulosic biomass which can be converted into nonpolluting renewable energy. Therefore, scientists are exploring the prospects of valorizing palm waste via thermochemical routes such as gasification using gasifier reactors for energy production. Consequently, this study is aimed at proposing a methodology for the design and fabrication of a bubbling fluidized bed gasifier (BFBG) for Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) briquettes gasification. It will employ established theoretical knowledge on fluidized beds and literature studies for application in biomass gasification. The proposed gasifier system consists of three main parts; feeding, gasification and effluent zones for syngas production. The results presented in this study are limited to the feedstock properties, bed hydrodynamic calculations and fluidization parameters such as fluidizing velocities; bed height and pressure drop in the gasification zone of the gasifier.


In this paper, an optimization design procedure of a rectangular cavity for permittivity measurement at Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) 5.8 GHz radio band is proposed. TE315 mode is selected to satisfy the perturbation condition for permittivity measurement in a cavity. The resonant mode analysis of the cavity has been presented. Position determination for the sample, the input and the output coupling devices is discussed using the traditional electromagnetic filed analysis by the help of computer simulation. The measurement results of the cavity demonstrate the effectiveness of this design procedure.


The invention discloses a kind of DOPO based flameproofing and preparation method thereof.The method is with 9, and 10 dihydro 9 oxa-10 phospho hetero phenanthrene 10 oxides and paraformaldehyde are raw material, synthesize presoma by substitution reaction.The active hydroxyl groups utilized, then itself and PhosphorodichloridicAcid Acid Phenyl Ester, 2-(Acryloyloxy)ethanol are replaced/esterification prepares phosphorus content height and carries the fire retardant of activity double key.This fire-retardant is applied in unsaturated polyester resin matrix, forms flame-retarded unsaturated polyester resin composite.The fire retardant of the present invention can improve the fire resistance of unsaturated-resin matrix material by gas phase and condensed phase, overcomes the shortcomings such as existing additive flame retardant is low with polymeric matrix poor compatibility, easily migration and flame retarding efficiency.This fire retardant is when flame-retarded unsaturated polyester resin, and under relatively low addition, the vertical combustion grade of material can reach V 0 rank, good flame retardation effect.Product purity of the present invention is high, productivity is high, post processing is easy.


In this paper, the set up and demonstration of a real-time controller based on the IEEE Std. 1547 for interconnection of distributed generation (DG) sources to the electric utility grid is presented. The case studies described are based on the philosophy of real-time (RT) hardware in the loop (HIL) simulation. The RT-HIL technique is capable of providing insight into the performance of both the system with the DG as well as the external hardware controller. The results of a real-time controller concept demonstration may be useful in understanding the recommendations of the IEEE Std. 1547 and analyzing the system impact of the interconnection of DGs


Mansfield's ambivalent love affair with France, which flowered after 1912, also saw her tackling her great theme of childhood as she moved away from the style of the raw, outback New Zealand stories written in 1912/13 into a more impressionistic mode. Her recreation of her early life through the figure of Kezia in the first draft of 'The Aloe', written in Paris (March to May 1915), has its origin in stories published in Rhythm (October 1912): 'New Dresses', 'Elena', and 'The Little Girl'; but interestingly this semi-biographical point of departure is contextualized by stories written around the same time in which childhood is represented as a state that overlaps and is even confused with puberty, adolescence, adulthood, as in 'Something Childish But Very Natural', her first story written in France (Paris, December 1913), and 'The Little Governess' (Paris, May 1915). This paper examines these transitions in her work to argue that Mansfield explored liminal states in her characters, who combine elements of childhood, youth, and maturity, so dramatising her own psychological criss-crossing between these phases in her recreation of the family drama of 'The Aloe'


A system was developed to investigate the alpha particle noise burst susceptibility of individual circuit nodes. The data are generated by scanning the circuit with both a focused laser spot and a micro-capillary collimated alpha particle beam. The laser is used in a rapid scan, coarse raster, to identify sensitive nodes. The collimated alpha source is used to investigate the soft error susceptibility in the vicinity of these nodes. Correlation between maps using both laser and alpha sources is generally good. Sensitivity maps of both special test structures and commercial dynamic RAMs are given as examples of the technique.


The catalytic activity of three tertiary amines and three organotin compounds in the cure reaction of blocked isocyanate with hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene was investigated. It was found that the steric factor determines the catalytic activity of the compound. The tin compounds showed higher catalytic activities than the amine compounds. The deblocking catalytic activity of the amine and tin compounds was confirmed by the identification of isocyanate functionality using infrared spectroscopy. The synergistic effect of amine and tin mixed catalysts systems in the deblocking reaction was reported for the first time.


We study a nonlinear version of the Demkov-Kunike model, focusing on photoassociation of a Bose-Einstein condensate as a specific example. We show that the approximation describing time evolution of the molecular state probability both in the weak interaction limit and in the large detuning regime of the strong interaction limit can be written as a sum of two distinct terms; the first one, being a solution to a limit first-order nonlinear equation, effectively describes the process of the molecule formation while the second one, being the scaled solution to the linear Demkov-Kunike problem (but now with modified parameters), models the remaining oscillations which come up when the process of molecule formation is over.


Various local tribes and inhabitant groups were being absorbed into other certain nearby superior entities, in the age of the formation of the 3 dynasties. In the process, naturally they lost their own identities and became to assume new ones as the members of the newly created dynasties. So, to understand the nature and characteristics of the 3 dynasties' populace in their early stages of development, not only the founder groups but also the low level inhabitants, should be examined. In this study the activities of the Yangmaek(梁貊) tribes which were located at the Western border of the Koguryo dynasty in its early days, were heavily examined. The term 'Yangmaek' originally referred to the residents group located at the basin of Taejaha (太子河) river(which was called the Yangsu stream during the Chinese Han dynasty era). But after the Koguryo dynasty conquered the Sosumaek tribes of the area the term 'Yangmaek! became to assume a widened meaning referring to the entire populace of the Western border area, as the conquered tribes were considered to be of a Yangmaek-origin as well. Considering the proto-inhabitants of the Koguryo dynasty was also called 'Maek' (貊) it seems the proto-inhabitants and the Yangmaek people were indeed from similar origins. These 'Maek' figures were not related to the Maek tribe members from the Chinese Northen areas. In fact they originated from the Yaemaek tribes (穢貊族) in the ending days of the Bronze era, and formed a collective resident group. Yet they were later separated into 2 different entities (the Founder group of the Koguryo dynasty and the Yangmaek tribes), as the ironware culture was introduced to this region. In the process, the inferior Yangmaek tribe members were subjugated by the Koguryo dynasty. And the Yangmaek tribes were finally reabsorbed into it in the 4th century (A.D.) , losing all of their unique identities to become official members of the Koguryo dynasty. So as we can see, the Yangmaek tribes located at the Western borders of the Koruryo dynasty had apparently gone through various stages of divergence and assimilation before finally being enlisted as members of the dynasty. This also shows the gradual nature of the formation process of the dynasty's populace. The formation(and expansion) does seem to have still been in progress also in the later days, as there are records showing the central population of the Koguryo dynasty still consciously considering the newly subjugated inhabitant members to be of alien origins, during the reign of King Gwanggaeto.


The paper reviews post-war developments in the theory of housing sub-markets and filtering, emphasising the seminal conceptual and empirical contributions provided by William Grigsby. The study discusses the implications associated with these models with respect to formulating housing policy in a market-dominated economy.


The COVID-19 lockdowns played a major role in restricting growth of disease(1) and that saved many lives(2). However, COVID-19 lockdowns had some major drawbacks too. There was a significant impact on the economy (2) and it undoubtedly affected the development of infants and toddlers in multiple ways. This paper looks at the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on infants and toddlers. Key words: Covid-19, lockdowns, early childhood development, infants, toddlers


Purpose
This study aims to examine the impact of ethical leadership style on the subjective well-being of health-care workers by examining the sequential mediating effects of perceived organizational support and perceived ethical-philanthropic corporate social responsibility (CSR).

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected from frontline health-care workers (i.e. doctors and nurses). Further, to cope with the response burden during the acute wave of the coronavirus pandemic, this study used split-questionnaire design for data collection.

Findings
This study's findings fully support the hypothesized framework of the study, illustrating that ethical leadership positively influenced the subjective well-being of health-care workers. Moreover, this study found that the ethical leadership and well-being relationship is sequentially mediated by perceived organizational support and perceived ethical-philanthropic CSR.

Practical implications
This study possesses practical implications for health-care institutions to encompass the agenda of developing ethically appropriate conduct in their administration and become genuinely concerned about health-care workers and society as well.

Social implications
By highlighting the role of ethical leadership in participating in ethical and philanthropic CSR activities, this study possesses social implications for the well-being of health-care workers and society at large.

Originality/value
A positive and strong chain of perceptions about organizational support accorded to employees specifically and society at large emerges as an important sequential mediating mechanism that helps ethical leaders in hospital administration in building subjective well-being in their followers amid the COVID-19 pandemic.


Jambul usually propagates by seeds, which causes variability in the descendant plants and represents a problem in the formation of commercial orchards. The development of a protocol for vegetative propagation by cuttings would enable the reproduction of all features of the Mother plant, uniformity in populations and easy propagation. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and indolebutyric acid (IBA) on rooting of jambul cuttings. Twelve-cm-long cuttings from the median region of branches were prepared through bevel cut in the base and right cut above the last axillary bud, keeping one pair of halved leaves. Cutting bases were immersed for 10s in aqueous solutions containing NAA or IBA at 0, 500, 1000 and 1500 mg L-1 concentrations. Plastic trays containing medium sand were used in the planting. The cuttings were kept in a greenhouse under intermittent nebulization and, at 120 days after planting, the following variables were evaluated: percentage of rooted, with calluses, alive (not-rooted and without calluses) and dead cuttings; length of the three largest roots (cm); and number of roots per cutting. The best rooting was observed by using 1000 mg L-1 of both tested plant growth regulators. Rooting percentage was slightly higher under NAA relative to IBA.


A new method based on directional wavelet transform and the watershed method is proposed for the segmentation of image. In this paper, more attention is paid for the efficient extraction and representation of feature associated with pixel and their classification. In order to achieve the better representation of image contents anisotropic wavelet transform is utilized. Segmented image is obtained by applying the marker based watershed transform on the gradients obtained after the directional wavelet transform. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm performs segmentation operation of image more competently with the efficient representation of


Because the amount of students is very large,it is time cost to create an account for every student on Serv-U FTP server.This paper introduces how to store Serv-U account information in an ODBC database.The design of database's construct, setting of relational parameters and the implementation of a program which can manage large quantities of accounts are discussed detailedly.


Abstract Multiyear (1987–97) limited ensemble integrations using a stretched-grid GCM, previously developed and experimented with by the authors, are employed for U.S. regional climate simulations. The ensemble members (six in total) are produced at two different regional resolutions: three members with 60-km and the other three members with 10-km regional resolution. The use of these two finer and coarser regional resolution ensemble members allows one to examine the impact of resolution on the overall quality of the simulated regional fields. For the multiyear ensemble simulations, an efficient regional downscaling to realistic mesoscales has been obtained. The ensemble means of the midtroposphere prognostic variables (height and meridional wind) show an overall good resemblance to the global reanalysis, especially for summer. Low-level features like the warm season Great Plains low-level jet are well represented in the simulations. During winter the 100-km simulations develop a southward wind east of t...


Multimedia courseware has the characteristics of interaction and intuition that cannot be replaced by traditional teaching methods. It can play an important role in stimulation. Excellent physical education courseware can create realistic situations and stimulate students' interest in learning. It has a multiplier effect on improving the efficiency of classroom teaching. The text influences the teaching effect by studying colorful multimedia means, enabling students to practice what they have learned in a safe and controllable environment. This can optimize physical education classroom teaching, stimulate students' sports motivation and interest, deepen students' understanding of action concepts and sports theory knowledge, and have important significance and effect on improving the quality of physical education.


THE UKCC's year-long review of its Code of Professional Conduct, Scope of Professional Practice and Guidelines for Professional Practice documents began in earnest last week.


Ant Colony Optimisation is a metaheuristic for combinatorial optimisation problems. In this paper we show its successful application to the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP). First, we introduce VRP and its many variants, such as VRP with Time Windows, Time Dependent VRP, Dynamic VRP, VRP with Pickup and Delivery. These variants have been formulated in order to bring the VRP as close as possible to the kind of situations encountered in real-world distribution processes. Two case studies are presented: the application of Ant Colony Optimisation to the solution of the Time Dependent VRP, where the travel times depend on the time of the day, and Ant Colony Optimisation for Dynamic VRP, where customers' orders arrive during the delivery process. Finally, two real-world, industrial-scale applications are presented. The former is an application solving a VRP with Time Windows for a major supermarket chain in Switzerland; the latter is an application solving a VRP with Pickup and Delivery for a leading distribution ∗Corresponding author. Tel: +41 91 610 8663. Fax: +41 91 610 8661. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com.


Wind tunnel tests show that the aerodynamic performance of a rectangular 3-D wing is increased by changing its tip to an ogee shape. Potential gains in both cruise and climb performances for a modified Beech Baron aircraft indicate that incremental changes in performance are on the order of the data scatter associated with applied flight test techniques.


The invention provides a composition which contains at least one polyurethane polymer P of a polyisocyanate. The polyurethane polymer is prepared by at least one polyisocyanate, at least one polyol and at least one aldimine-containing compound of formula (I). The composition may be stably stored and rapidly solidified without bubble by the action of moisture and not dissociate out an odorous substance. The composition, solitified composition and the dissociated product is inodorous. The composition may be used as adhesive, sealant or coating with excellent mechanical propertyand adhesiveness.


Relational turn has been a heated topic in Western Economic Geographies.The Conceptive Instrument of relational economic geography,such as weak ties,embeddedness,atmosphere and milieu,etc,are introduced into this paper.In order to investigate the internal network structure and economic performance of industrial cluster.This paper analyzes the questionnaire result using the method of Multinomial Logistic Regression in the case of silk textile industrial cluster of Shengze,and holds that the more wider of the inter-enterprise network of native enterprise clusters,the more higher of the enterprises' performance;while the enterprises' performance and the inter-enterprise relationship are not positively related,partially verified the principle of the strength of weak ties of Granovetter.


The article is devoted to the problem of war as surveyed in the Czech sociology and to the significance of the experience of the war for the Czech science. Before the World War II, the topic in question was on the margin of main interests of Czech Scholars, and the situation did not even improve after the war. When the World War II had begun, many high schools were closed, but a lot of sociologists were able to continue their work. A special attention must be payed to the work of young scholars representing Masaryk (later renamed as "Czech") Sociological Association, who would rather pretend to make research than really perform the scientific work. Sociologists — workers of the State Statistical Office were still active. Nevertheless, both the quantity and quality of the works published then was poor, to say the least of it. After the World War II, sociology was perceived as a socially prestigious discipline, which bore some fruits in the period when the institutions began to flourish, but did not add up to a deeper analysis of the experience of the war and occupation. Be this as it may, the time was scarce, because after the communist revolt in 1948 the period of Stalinisation began.


The controllability distributions play an important role in controllability decompositions of the systems.By means of M-derivative methods, the concept of controllability distributions is introduced for a class of nonlinear differential-algebraic systems.An algorithm for calculating the maximal controllability distributions contained in some distributions is developed, and some properties on this algorithm are discussed.Finally, an example of calculating the maximal controllability distributions contained in some distributions is provided to illustrate the results.


LUCC(Land Use and Land Cover Change) is a major part and also a main cause of global environmental changes.The LUCC models are efficient tool and play important role to support the analysis of the processes and consequences of land use systems.The spatial models are important part and methods in land use/land cover change research.The CLUE-S model which is applied extensively belongs to the spatial models.The model allows multi-scale representation of the land use system and combines the evolution of land requirement at the regional level over a given period and specific location factors at the local level.In this paper,the operating principle and composition-structure of CLUE-S model are analyzed and it indicates that:CLUE-S model solves competitive relationship among the different land-use types with the method of system theory.On the premise of considering a number of constraints and transformation rules comprehensively,the model assigns types of land use change to spatial grids gradually by iterative calculations and makes simulating results display in the spatial location intuitively and accurately.Therefore the CLUE-S model is a good land-use change spatial simulation model.On this basis,mechanisms of the five modules are expatiated,which compose CLUE-S model and characteristics of the six parameterized files of the model.Moreover,a detailed account of rules and the connotation of parameters regarding the model is presented.Finally the progresses of CLUE-S model applying in domestic and international researches are outlined,and application prospect,application fields and shortcomings of the model are analyzed.


A wavelet method to the solution for time-fractional partial differential equation, by which combining with Haar wavelet and operational matrix to discretize the given functions efficaciously. The time-fractional partial differential equation is transformed into matrix equation. Then they can be solved in the computer oriented methods. The numerical example shows that the method is effective.


Ultra high density planting system increases production, productivity and improves fruits quality and it helps to improve efficient use of land, water, light, fertilizers and pesticides, which are frequently lost in traditional planting systems. At present, there is need to replace the traditional planting and irrigation systems with the improved high density planting and drip irrigation system. UHDP is a highly efficient and advanced production system of fruit cultivation in which optimum growth and fruit production is strongly linked with drip irrigation water. The Reviews indicated the necessity for better understanding and utilization of tree physiological parameters for management of irrigation water of guava fruit crops. This will ultimately lead to achieving optimum plant growth, yield and fruit quality, and maximum water use efficiency while conserving water and land resources.


Volatility, or the second moment of the price distribution of an asset, has emerged as an important asset class in the last decade. It is actively traded through over-the counter (OTC) variance and volatility swaps, and through exchange listed VIX futures and options. While VIX? has achieved widespread recognition, it remains very challenging to replicate spot VIX. The S&P 500 VIX Short-Term Futures Index is the first index to offer directional exposure to volatility through publicly traded futures markets. This paper provides a background on the construction, replicability and characteristics of this index.


Energy management strategy (EMS) is the key to the performance of fuel cell / battery hybrid system. At present, reinforcement learning (RL) has been introduced into this field and has gradually become the focus of research. However, traditional EMSs only take the energy consumption into consideration when optimizing the operation economy, and ignore the cost caused by power source degradations. It would cause the problem of poor operation economy regarding Total Cost of Ownership (TCO). On the other hand, most studied RL algorithms have the disadvantages of overestimation and improper way of restricting battery SOC, which would lead to relatively poor control performance as well. To solve these problems, this paper establishes a TCO model including energy consumption, equivalent energy consumption and degradation of power sources at first, then adopt the Double Q-learning RL algorithm with state constraint and variable action space to determine the optimal EMS. Finally, using hardware-in-the-loop platform, the feasibility, superiority and generalization of proposed EMS is proved by comparing with the optimal dynamic programming and traditional RL EMS and equivalent consumption minimum strategy (ECMS) under both training and unknown operating conditions. Results prove that the proposed strategy has high global optimality and excellent SOC control ability regardless of training or unknown conditions.


Study Objective. To compare the outcomes of out-of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) victims treated with monophasic truncated exponential (MTE) versus biphasic truncated exponential (BTE) defibrillation in an urban EMS system. Methods. We conducted a retrospective review of electronic prehospital andhospital records for victims of OHCA between August 2000 andJuly 2004, including two years before andafter implementation of biphasic defibrillators by the Fresno County EMS agency. Main outcome measures included: return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), number of defibrillations required for ROSC, survival to hospital discharge, anddischarge to home versus an extended care facility. Results. There were 485 cases of cardiac arrest included. Baseline characteristics between the monophasic andbiphasic groups were similar. ROSC was achieved in 77 (30.6%, 95% CI 25.2–36.5%) of 252 patients in the monophasic group, andin 70 (30.0% 95% CI 24.5–36.2%) of 233 in the biphasic group (p =. 92). Survival to hospital discharge was 12.3% (95% CI 8.8–17%) for monophasic and10.3% (95% CI 7.0–14.9%) for biphasic (p =. 57). Discharge to home was accomplished in 20 (7.9%, 95% CI 5.1–12.0%) of the monophasic, andin 15 (6.4%, 95% CI 3.9–10.4%) of the biphasic group (p =. 60). More defibrillations were required to achieve ROSC (3.5 vs. 2.6, p =. 015) in the monophasic group. Conclusions. We found no difference in ROSC or survival to hospital discharge between MTE andBTE defibrillation in the treatment of OHCA, although fewer defibrillations were required to achieve ROSC in those treated with biphasic defibrillation.


For nearly three decades, the end of hostilities between Spain and the Netherlands in 1648 normalizes diplomatic and trade relations between the two powers, broken in 1621. This event has important political and economic implications while still not been studied in detail. The objective of this paper is to analyze of goods records made by the Spanish consul in Amsterdam, the Dutch trade in spices in Spain as a starting point for understanding the commercial exchanges between two powers, as well as to study the Dutch distribution networks during the second half of the 17th century.


Abstract The Madaba mosaic map shows two main vegetal motifs: the date palm and a mysterious bush. The inclusion of the date palm testifies to its economic importance in the region, and it would follow that the bush should also have a similar importance. This bush is best identified as the Judaean balsam or opobalsam, which we know from literary sources to have been grown in the lower Jordan Valley, and elsewhere, in the Roman period. This was a lucrative product. In the Madaba mosaic map, the bush is situated on both sides of the Jordan, which gives us an indication of the extent of its cultivation in the sixth century C.E.


OBJECTIVE:To study the effects to each other of rifabutin(RBT)and efavirenz(EFV)on pharmacokinetics in rats.METHODS:Rats were randomized into EFV group(54 mg · kg-1),RBT group(40.5 mg · kg-1)and drug combination group with 6 rats in each group.After intragastric administration,the blood concentrations of drugs were determined by LC-MS/MS 0,0.25,0.5,1,2,3,4,6,9,12,24,48,72 h after administration,and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated.RESULTS:When they were used alone,the pharmacokinetic parameters of EFV vs.RBT were as follows:c max:(4.36±1.23),(5.62±2.33) mg · L-1 ;AUC 0~72 h:(27.37±8.10),(117.00±50.45)mg · h · L-1 ;CL Z /F:(2.15±0.77),(0.36±0.15)L · h-1 · kg-1 ;V Z /F:(8.33± 2.49),(12.06±7.64)L · kg-1.When they were combined,the pharmacokinetic parameters of EFV vs.RBT were as follows:c max:(1.68±0.82),(3.05±1.66)mg · L-1 ;AUC 0~72 h:(13.13±9.95),(89.60±55.75)mg · h · L-1 ;CL Z /F:(5.12±2.17),(0.54±0.24) L · h-1 · kg-1 ;V Z /F:(23.53±11.43),(13.06±4.75)L · kg-1.Compared with other 2 groups,the c max and AUC 0~72 h of drug combination group were significantly decreased,while CL Z /F and V Z /F were significantly increased(P0.05).The pharmacokinetic parameters of RBT had no significant difference.CONCLUSION:Rifabutin can speed up the elimination of efavirenz in rats and reduce bioavailability of it.


In this article, we demonstrate that Catholic investors are able to own a market-like portfolio that is well aligned with their faith. We examine the MSCI USA Catholic Values Index and the S&P 500 Catholic Values Index. We show that the performance from 1998 to 2021 was largely in line with the base index, with some outperformance observed in the recent 10-year period. We highlight a direct indexing method for reducing performance variations observed in the standard Catholic values indices. Using less restrictive screens and optimization methods, we create a portfolio with reduced tracking error relative to the target index. We also discuss applications to global markets, taxable investors, and the issue of active ownership.


Embryo transfer is one of the techniques of reproductive biotechnology that helps us to take advantage of the genetic value in bovine production, allowing to raise the number of standards of quality and efficiency, since it increases especially unexcellent genetic potential, simultaneously shortening the generational interval. In addition, it facilitates different breeding activities such as progeny assessment and comparison between groups of animals.1


Objective To explore the quality of coronary images of 320-slice dynamic volume MDCT and the diagnostic accuracy of coronary artery stenosis≥50%.Methods Two hundred consecutive patients with suspected coronary artery disease were studied with ECG-gated 320-slice dynamic volume MDCT in non-helical scanning mode.Eighteen patients also underwent conventional coronary angiography(CAG).Images were retrospectively reconstructed with volume rendering(VR) technology,maximum intensity projection(MIP),multiplanar reconstruction(MPR) and curved planar reformation(CPR).Image quality was then analyzed,and the sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive value of ≥50% stenosis were calculated.Results The images were excellent(Ⅰ,n=173,86.50%),sufficient(Ⅱ,n=25,12.50%) and non-diagnostic(Ⅲ,n=2,1.00%),respectively.Motion artifacts were found in 17 patients.No stair-step artifact was found.The sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive value of the 320-slice MDCT in detecting coronary artery stenosis≥50% was 100%,98.65%,94.00% and 100%,respectively.Conclusion Coronary images from 320-slice dynamic volume MDCT with wide area detector and non-helical scanning mode have excellent quality and less artifacts.The 320-slice coronary CT angiography provides high sensitivity and specificity in detecting coronary artery stenosis≥50%.


This study is related to the use of pedestrian crosswalks on compliance with traffic signals. and through analysis on the interaction effect of the meta-cognitive skills and public design will be able to determine the effectiveness of the use crosswalks. To this end, the literature and previous studies were examined. and Seoul, Gyeonggi crosswalk installed on the main street of the city was investigated. then general walker was surveyed, statistical analysis was performed. Looking at the results of the analysis, Interaction effect was confirmed between the meta-cognitive skills and public design for the compliance with traffic signal. and meta-cognitive ability of low group is needed public design commitment. Therefore this study proposed two needs the following First, Acoustic design of public is needed for the pedestrian crossing. especially, "ALAM" greater effect. Second, Visual design of public is needed for the pedestrian crossing. especially, "Counting-type lights" greater effect like battery and numeric display.


In the context of the continuous development of the economy, new requirements are constantly being put forward for the importance of the process of training and education. At the present stage, the focus of the world education reform has shifted to national quality education. The priority of such education is the upbringing of an all-round literate and educated person. Media technologies are one of the tools of modern influence on the process of teaching and upbringing. The authors consider media technologies as a set of systemic methods and actions of media education aimed at the formation of a personality, possessing a culture of mass communication, interaction in society based on humanistic ideals and values. Spiritual and moral education is the highest priority in education. The article highlights the question of how to reasonably use media technologies in order to develop the moral education of students and minimize the negative impact of new media on the ideological and moral level of students. The authors analyze the possibilities and problems in the moral education of students in the environment of new media.


Pediatric patients are one of the target groups of the National Health System in Indonesia that requires special attention in therapy because their anatomy physiology was immature. A lot of probiotics indicated for acute gastroenteritis (AGE) for pediatric patients. Probiotic prescribing includes the types of probiotic, dosage and duration for AGE has not been discussed clearly. The aim of our study was to determine the proportion of probiotic that have prescribed for acute gastroenteritis topediatric agedin hospitalized. This study was analytical observational with cross sectional design. Data was obtained retrospectively with non-purposive sampling.Samplesize was based on cross-sectional design calculation and obtained a number of 200 medical records from Hospital X, IndonesiaonFebruary 2015. This study used secondary data from medical records. Data collected was patient identity, patientaged, probiotic prescribing includes the types of probiotic, dosage and duration. Data have been analyzed in descriptive and Mann-Whitney to observe the difference between types of probiotic, dosage and duration probiotic used topediatric aged. This study showed this hospital only used 5 probiotic brands. Group aged 2 years is prefer to use 6 types. The mean dose of probiotic is greater in the group aged > 2 years. Probiotic duration in the group 2 years in duration 5 days. The number of cases that do not fit with the recommended dose packs is more commonly found at age <2 years. There is a different proportion between type of probiotic (p=0.000), dose of probiotic (p=0.040), and probiotic duration (p=0.008) with pediatric aged. There was a statistically significant difference between types of probiotic, dosage and duration probiotic used to pediatric aged.


Aim: To evaluate early doxorubicin (DOX) cardiotoxicity in asymptomatic leukemic patients and to explore whether Grape seed extract (GSE) proanthocyanidins would prevent the DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Study Design: Prospective randomized double blind study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in Mansoura University Hospital, between January 2011 and May 2013. Forty two newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients were enrolled, their ages ranged from 9 to14 years. They were divided into two groups; group I received Doxorubicin-containing chemotherapy while Group II was treated with Doxorubicin-containing chemotherapy plus GSE all over the study period. All patients underwent clinical, echocardiographic and laboratory evaluations at the end of induction (phase I) and at the end of CNS intensification (phase II). Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level, high sensitive cardiac Original Research Article British Journal of Medicine & Medical Research, 4(13): 2555-2567, 2014 2556 troponin T (hscTnT), N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), creatine kinase (CK) and CK -MB isoenzyme activity were determined Results: There were significant reduction in mean values of ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS) and Vitamin C, while there were highly significant increase in mean values of hscTnT, NTProBNP and significant increase in mean values of CK and MDA at the end of phase II in both groups. There were also significant negative correlations between each of CK and NT-proBNP and EF at the end of phase I & II. Coadminstration of DOX and GSE (group II) significantly improved echocardiographic findings (EF and FS) as well as vitamin C level. It also significantly reduced the DOX cardiotoxicity as revealed by decrement in the elevated values of biochemical cardiac markers (hscTnT, NT-pro BNP and CK activity) and oxidative injury marker (MDA). Conclusion: Biochemical cardiac markers have the potential to be used, besides echocardiographic measurements, in the early detection of DOX-induced subclinical cardiotoxicity. GSE is promising as a cardioprotective agent against DOX induced cardiotoxicity in children with ALL.


Following 9/11, the United Nations Alliance of Civilizations (UNAOC) was created to improve inter-community relations between Christians and Muslims. Over a decade after the Alliance was established, Jeffrey Haynes argues that while it is now an established entity at the UN, its capacity to help improve global justice in the context of relations between the West and the Muslim world is undermined by financial, organisational and policy-related weaknesses.


By using the schlgl model in regular solution as prototype system, the influences of the nonideality of externally controlled componenst on the multiple steady states transition have been studied comprehensively. It shows that this kind of nonideal effect will lead to both the isolas and the twin bifurcation phenomena. The arguments formed in this article will enrich the bifurcation theory of nonequilibrium chemical rection.


In recent years, medical imaging methods have been intensively developed to provide comprehensive and extensive data for studying the work of the brain, which makes the present study relevant. The purpose of this work is to develop a new approach for analyzing EEG signals based on nonlinear dynamics methods. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to adapt the methods of nonlinear dynamics to solving EEG analysis tasks. In this paper, the following methods are used: the principal component method for noise clearance, the wavelet transform, the Wolf, Kanz, Rosenstein, neural networks methods to calculate the spectrum of the Lyapunov exponent (LCEs). Studies have shown that the chaos of the schizophrenic's EEG signals is higher than for healthy people. It has been revealed that the best visualization of the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the brain's EEG pathological functions is provided by the Morle and Gauss 32 wavelets.


The invention discloses a high-strength low-melting-temperature low-warpage PET/PBT alloy and a preparation method thereof. The alloy is prepared from the following materials in parts by mass: 100 parts of PET/PBT resin (PET:PBT=30-70:70-30), 0.5-1 part of an antioxidant and 0.5-2 parts of a nucleating agent. The high-strength low-melting-temperature low-warpage PET/PBT alloy disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects that the components are simple, the melting temperature is far lower than the temperature of a pure alloy, and the alloy can realize coextrusion with low-melting-temperature resin. The PET/PBT alloy is excellent in mechanical property, the rigidity of the PET/PBT alloy is greatly promoted, the product size stability is good, the production cost is low, and the PET/PBT alloy has good social and economic benefits.


To describe the solving system of plane geometry constraints,the concept of float DOF is applied in graph theory to represent the state of the constraints system.And through the establishment of the variable passing rules,changes of the parameters can make rational flow in the graph so that the system can give a clarity expression and achieve the effect of fast driven of the graphics system changes.


The Roth 401(k), a new type of employee 401(k) contribution option, went into effect on January 1, 2006.1 It bears essentially the same relation to the traditional 401(k) as the Roth individual retirement account bears to the traditional IRA. In both cases, the Roth vehicle does not allow tax deductions for contributions and does not tax the eventual withdrawal, whereas the traditional vehicle features tax-deductible contributions and taxable withdrawals. This report describes the Roth 401(k) and discusses its potential effects. We find that the Roth 401(k) option will add complexity for employees and employers with little collateral social gain. The Roth 401(k) is unlikely to induce significant new private saving; almost all of the benefits are likely to accrue to high-income and wealthy taxpayers who are able to shift existing taxable assets into tax-favored savings plans. Moreover, the Roth 401(k) will increase the amount of resources that taxpayers can shelter and thus will likely have a negative effect on long-term federal budget revenue. In short, the Roth 401(k) would complicate savings choices, induce little to no new private saving, and could actually reduce long-term national saving. Those are exactly the wrong directions for public policy. We discuss alternative policies in the conclusion. Basic Roth 401(k) Rules While the existing 401(k) employee contribution is ''pretax'' — excludable from income for federal income tax purposes when made, but subject to tax (together with related earnings) when distributed from the plan — Roth 401(k) contributions would be ''after-tax'' — includable in income when made. When distributed from the plan, however, the contributions and all accumulated earnings on those contributions are excludable from income if the account has been open for at least five years and the participant is at least 591⁄2 years old (or is deceased or disabled).2 Employers are now permitted, but not required, to offer a Roth 401(k) option. Roth 401(k) contributions are subject to the same nondiscrimination, withdrawal, and vesting standards as traditional 401(k) contributions. Unlike traditional 401(k) plans, however, there are no effective minimum requirements for withdrawing funds.3 If a Roth 401(k) is offered, the annual employee contribution limits would apply to the combination of pretax and Roth 401(k) contributions (for 2006, $15,000 for those younger than 50 years old and $20,000 for older workers).


Although there is evidence that sexual transmission ofHCV occurs, this form of transmission is of secondaryepidemiological importance when compared to percutaneousforms of transmission [1]. Among the evidence that supportsthe possibility of sexual transmission of HCV we can list thefollowing:1- Case reports of acute hepatitis C with anti-HCVseroconversion in sexual partners of individuals infected byHCV, excluding mechanisms of nonsexual transmission andwith high genomic homology among viral strains infectingsexual partners [2-4].2- Detection of HCV RNA in semen, vaginal secretion andcervical secretion, despite low titles in most cases [5-8].3- Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Preventiondemonstrating that, from 1995 to 2000, 18% of the cases ofacute HCV infection in the United States occurred in patientsreporting sexual contact with an individual infected with HCVin the preceding 6 months or multiple sexual contacts as theonly risk factors for acquiring the infection [1].The risk of acquiring HCV through sexual contact differsamong subgroups of individuals: We can distinguish two mainrisk subgroups:1. Individuals who have multiple sexual partners or whoengage in sexual practices that might lead to mucosal trauma:sex professionals; men who have sex with men (MSM); andpatients treated in clinics specializing in the treatment ofsexually transmitted diseases (STDs).2. Stable monogamous heterosexual sexual partners ofindividuals chronically infected with HCV.In general, rates of anti-HCV incidence and prevalence arehigher in the first subgroup. This may be due to differences insexual practices among the groups, but also to nonsexualfactors (sharing personal objects, tattoos, use of illicit drugs,etc.) [1]. Seroprevalence studies in the United Statesdemonstrated median positive anti-HCV rates in 6% of womenwho were sex professionals, as well as in 4% of MSM, 4% ofclients of STD clinics and 4% of participants in HIVsurveillance studies. Studies conducted in other parts of theworld have obtained similar results [9-15]. The following riskfactors were identified: having had a high number of recentand lifetime sex partners; engaging in unsafe sexual practices;being infected with HIV; and having an STD. This indicatesthat sexual activity in general is a risk factor for HCVtransmission [1].However it is essential to mention that the results of somestudies contradict these findings. Studying the prevalenceand incidence of positivity for anti-HCV antibodies in a cohortof 1085 HIV-positive Canadian MSM, Alary et al. found valuesof 2.9% and 0.038/100 individuals/year, respectively, bothsignificantly associated with the use of injection drugs. Theauthors considered sexual transmission of HCV to be rare inthis group [16]. In a study conducted in Thailand, Taketa et al.assessed the prevalence of anti-HCV in injection drug users,sex professionals and individuals with STDs. The prevalencewas 85%, 2% and 0%, respectively, with a very low or nulltransmission rate in the last two groups [17]. Marincovich etal. prospectively studied a group of 171 couples discordantfor HIV and HCV. The index cases were 152 men and 19 women,whereas the spouses were 152 women and 19 men. Forty-three per cent had engaged in unprotected vaginal and/oranal sex, 15% always used a condom but reported incidents inwhich the condom broke or slipped off during sexual contact,and 22% had performed unprotected orogenital sex. Therewas only one case of HIV seroconversion and no cases ofHCV seroconversion during the follow-up of 529 individuals/year. There were 31 cases of pregnancy, 2 of them in womeninfected with HCV. This study suggests that the rate of HCVtransmission is low or null among heterosexuals, even whenthe partner is infected with HIV [18].For the second subgroup, the best studies are thoseexcluding percutaneous factors of infection and evaluatinggenotypes and genomic sequence of viral strains in anti-HCVconcordant couples. In those studies, the prevalence of HCVwas estimated at 2.8-11% in the Asian Southeast, 0-6.3% inNorthern Europe and 2.7% in the United States [1].In one of the first studies to use genotyping and analysisof the sequence of nucleotides of the hypervariable E2 region,Zylberberg et al., studying 24 anti-HCV concordant couples,reduced to 3 couples the possible cases of sexual transmissionof HCV. Nevertheless, nonsexual factors could not be ruledout and might have contributed to HCV transmission betweencouples [19]. In Iran, Hajiani et al. studied the HCV transmissionrate for home contacts with no percutaneous risk factors. Therates found were 1.33% for the contacts and 1% for the controls(p>0.06). Only 2 of 59 spouses presented evidence of infection(3.39%). The authors conclude that intrafamily transmissionis possible, although not common [20].In a recent study, McMahon et al. determined that thetransmission of HCV in 265 heterosexual couples using drugsin New York City was associated with the use of injectiondrugs by the couple, although not with the pattern of sexualactivity [21]. Along the same lines, Boonyarad et al., studying160 spouses infected with chronic hepatitis C (106 women


An important factor in maintaining safe headway in high-speed driving is the perceived speed of a lead vehicle looming into the view of a driver. This may be the result of the lead vehicle traveling slowly or being stopped. This research effort measured the distance, or time gap, at the point when a vehicle's driver-side front tire crossed the centerline during a passing maneuver on a freeway. This "passing gap" was measured by having researchers record the behavior of a following vehicle during a passing maneuver using video and a LIDAR gun. Researchers recorded 1,118 passes during 41 hours of daytime data collection. Evaluations, using speed difference between the lead vehicle and the following vehicle, found posted speed limit to be significant as part of a two-way interaction term that consisted of posted speed limit and lead vehicle size. At 80 mph, the passing gap to either a sedan or an RV was similar. For 70 mph, the passing gap was significantly different; drivers were closer to the RV than the sedan when passing. The statistical analyses indicated drivers passed more closely to the larger-profile vehicle than the smaller-profile vehicle. For example, one of the analyses found drivers were 282 ft from the sedan and only 238 ft from the RV when they passed, a difference of 56 ft. The passing gap increases approximately 8 to 10 ft for each mile-per-hour increase in the speed difference between the lead vehicle and the following vehicle. Stated in another manner, the faster a driver approaches a vehicle, the greater the passing gap distance.


The present invention includes the steps of sensing the weight of laundry that is directed to a method of controlling a washing machine with a liquid detergent or textile liquid that can accurately supply using a pneumatic softener detergent supply apparatus, a) charged into a drum according to the capacity of the laundry; b) based on the weight of the laundry is detected and determining a supply amount of the liquid detergent, and if the water level by sensing the liquid detergent, liquid detergent level is below water level displayed on the display; c) performing a washing cycle and a rinsing cycle is supplied along the supply liquid detergent to the drum; And d) it characterized in that it comprises the step of performing the final rinse to the fabric softener depending on the weight of the feed after performing the rinsing cycle, the laundry. Washing machine, wash, liquid detergent, fabric softener


Quality assurance is of prime importance with plastics processing nowadays. With mass-production, the aim is to replace the physical checking of moulded articles by the monitoring of a few processing characteristics


DJ-1 and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) exert protective roles against mitochondrial (MT) oxidative stress.

 DJ-1
 -/-

 mice have increased systolic blood pressure (BP) (+30±3% vs WT, n=6). This study determined the mechanisms involved in the oxidative stress-mediated hypertension due to
 DJ-1
 germline deletion. There were no differences in sodium excretion, renal renin expression, NADPH oxidase activity and serum creatinine between

 DJ-1
 -/-

 and WT mice (n=5). However, renal expression of nitro-tyrosine was increased in

 DJ-1
 -/-

 mice (+176.8±31% vs WT mice, n=5). Tempol, a radical scavenger, normalized the BP (tempol: 118±2% vs 100±1% vs WT, n=4) and renal malondialdehyde (tempol: 160±23% vs 109±15% vs WT, n=4) in

 DJ-1
 -/-

 mice. Tempol-treated

 DJ-1
 -/-

 mice had higher serum nitrite/nitrate levels than placebo-treated (172±30% vs WT, n=4). Heat shock protein mtHSP60 was increased in

 DJ-1
 -/-

 mice (2.9±0.1-fold increase vs WT, n=4), indicating MT stress. However, there were no changes in the renal mRNA expression of mitophagy, MT fusion and MT biosynthesis markers indicating that MT function was not altered. Renal expression of
 UCP2
 was increased in

 DJ-1
 -/-

 mice (4.1±1.1-fold change vs WT, n=4), and was partially normalized by tempol (1.8±0.2-fold change vs WT, n=4),
 UCP2
 may have a protective role on MT function in this model.
 UCP2
 was selectively silenced via sub-capsular infusion of
 UCP2
 siRNA in the kidney (WT: 63%±7 vs control:

 DJ-1
 -/-

 :60%±6 vs control; n=4). mRNA expression of mitophagy markers BNIP3 (-0.65±6-fold) and PINK1 (1.55±0.3-fold), MT fusion markers FIS1 (-0.29±0.03-fold) and NFN2 (1.42±0.06-fold), and MT biosynthesis marker PPRC1 (1.71±0.07-fold) were altered by
 UCP2
 silencing in

 DJ-1
 -/-

 mice (n=4). Renal-selective silencing of
 UCP2
 normalized BP in

 DJ-1
 -/-

 mice (

 DJ-1
 -/-

 mice: 122±5 vs 98±7 mmHg, n=4), and the serum nitrite and nitrate concentrations (-40±9% vs WT, n=4). In conclusion, deletion of
 DJ-1
 leads to oxidative stress-induced hypertension associated with down-regulation of NO synthesis.
 UCP2
 has protective properties against the development of MT dysfunction in MT oxidative stress conditions
 .
 However, excessive and chronic over expression of
 UCP2
 could have deleterious consequences on BP regulation.


AbstractWe prove that the evolution semigroup on AAP 0 (R + ;X) is stronglycontinuous. Then we prove some properties of the generator of this evolu-tion semigroup and show some applications in the theory of inequalities. 1 Introduction Let Xbe a complex Banach space and L(X) the Banach algebra of all linearand bounded operators acting on X. The norms in X and in L(X) will bedenoted by kk. Let Abe a linear and bounded operator acting on X. Weconsider the systemu_(t) = Au(t) t0 (1.1)and the Cauchy problemu_(t) = Au(t) + e it x t0u(0) = 0(1.2)where  2Rand x 2X. It is well-known [12, 2] that the system (1.1) isexponentially stable; that is, there exist the constants N>0 and >0 suchthatke tA kNe t for all t0;if and only if the solution of the Cauchy problem (1.2) is bounded for every2Rand any x2X, i.e., if and only ifsup t>0 kZ t0 e i˘ e ˘A xd˘k<1; 82Rand 8x2X:For unbounded linear operators, the above result is false, see e.g. [28, Example3.1]. However some weaker results, described as follows, hold.


The study examines the hypothesis that situational coherence moderates the ease-of-retrieval (EOR) effect. The findings reveal that participants rely more on ease of retrieval in making judgments when the situational background fits (rather than does not fit) the dimension of judgment (Experiments 1 and 2). The results further demonstrate that disrupting coherence by focusing participants on a stimulus they tend habitually to ignore also led to similar moderation of the EOR effect (Experiment 3). We conclude with a discussion of the potential moderators of the ease-of-retrieval effect. Our findings cannot be explained by distraction or misattribution—the moderators suggested by past research. Rather, our research emphasizes the importance of the perceived situational background to the understanding of the judgmental processes.