The entire absorption spectrum of PuF6 in the near IR and visible regions has been obtained at 0.5 cm−1 or higher resolution. A detailed analysis of the vibronic energy levels is presented and spectroscopic assignments of all observed transitions are made. The energy levels obtained from these spectroscopic measurements of the gas phase PuF6 molecule are the most accurate values available. A comparison is shown of our assignments and results with the matrix‐isolation experiment and available theoretical studies.


Eu:CROPIS is a compact satellite featuring a biological payload [1-10]. The Satellite was launched on December 3rd 2018. The cylindrical Satellite of 1m diameter has four deployable panels for power generation. Those panels are connected to the main structure by glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) tape spring hinges. The hinges, comparable to curved metallic measuring tapes, have elastic energy stored when flattened and folded and thus deploy the panels by simply unfolding. When unfolded the hinges snap into their original shape and support the panels with considerable stiffness. No friction or mechanical locking is involved in the deploying process. The presented paper focuses on the practical handling of the hinges and the mechanisms during the final integration and the deployment process. The integration of the panels requires some special consideration. The hinges are not able to support the panels under gravity. The release mechanisms only work at a correct positioning of the panels. The measures taken to ensure the integrity and functionality of the hinges and mechanisms are described and examples are given for a correct and a false outcome. The separation is done by breaking a bolt with a heated bushing from shape memory alloy. Though reliable the separation cannot be timed down to the second and there is no direct feedback of the separation. To prevent an uneven opening of the panels several on orbit pre-tests are performed to ensure the functionality of the mechanisms for the actual deployment. At the actual separation the heating is monitored to ensure that all mechanisms are activated and the separation is working as proposed. Furthermore, a method was developed to detect the successful breaking of the bolts by use of the heating temperature data. The paper describes these checks and surveillance methods. As not all things go as planned some decisions were to be made before and at panel deployment. Also, the unfolding of the hinges was slower than during the on ground. Tests were made to simulate and understand the on-orbit behaviour. Lessons learned for further use of the mechanisms are presented. 1. SOLAR PANEL MECHANISM DESCRIPTION The Eu:CROPIS compact satellite has four panels of 0.8m2 each that provide power to the satellite. During launch these panels are folded to the sides of the satellite (stored configuration, Figure 1). In Orbit the panels are deployed to form a plane in a windmill configuration with the satellite in the centre (deployed configuration, Figure 2). In the stored configuration each panel is connected to the satellite by just 2 bolts, which can be released by TiNi frangibolt mechanisms [14]. Figure 1. Satellite in stored configuration (flight model) Figure 2. Satellite in deployed configuration (flight


In the context of the gauge/gravity duality, we propose a candidate $c$-function which is derived from the entanglement entropy of a strip-shaped region for $d+1$-dimensional quantum field theories with broken Lorentz and rotational symmetries. We examine conditions of monotonicity of the $c$-function for holographic anisotropic theories dual to the Einstein gravity via the constraints imposed by the null energy conditions. We consider near UV and IR behaviors of these theories with a dynamical exponent and hyperscaling violation parameter. We identify the sufficient conditions that guarantee the $c$ function decrease monotonically along the RG flows.


We studied the holographic entanglement entropy for a strip and sharp wedge entangling regions in momentum relaxation systems. In the case of strips, we found analytic and numerical results for the entanglement entropy and showed the effect on the minimal surface by the electric field. We also studied the entanglement entropy of wedges and confirmed that there is a linear change in the electric field. This change is proportional to the thermoelectric conductivity, ᾱ, that can be measured. ∗e-mail : firstname.lastname@example.com †e-mail : email@example.com ‡e-mail : email@example.com §e-mail : email@example.com ar X iv :1 80 4. 00 41 2v 1 [ he pth ] 2 A pr 2 01 8


We present design guidelines enabling system engineers to set up and optimize Dispersion-mediated Nonlinearity-enhanced Transmission systems for optical-communication links of up to 300 km length at 10 Gbit/s, over standard single-mode fiber.


Objective. Dynamics rate apoptosis of different leukocytes in children with chronic gastroduodenitis (CGD), depending on the activity of the inflammatory process. Materials and methods. We examined 90 children aged 5-16 years. All the children had a standard gastroenterological examination. On admission to the hospital and after 10-11 days of treatment for all children assessed the state apoptosis of leukocytes peripheral blood (simple light microscopy, stain of Pappenheim-Kryukov). Results. Half of the children aggravation CGD admission was characterized by the presence apoptosis of leukocytes in blood smears. In other cases apoptosis of leukocytes was not detected at all or detected after 10-11 days of treatment. Apoptotic death most monocytes were exposed to (the frequency of cases) and segmentonuclear neutrophils (absolute number). Determination of apoptosis by light microscopy contributes to a better understanding of the processes of inflammation and apoptosis and their interaction with chronic gastroduodenitis in children.


The invention discloses a flexible substrate and a lighting device including the flexible substrate. The flexible substrate includes a plastic layer, a first flexible insulating layer and a second flexible insulating layer. The plastic layer is sandwiched between the first flexible insulating layer and the second flexible insulating layer. The minimum varying stress of the plastic layer is greater than the minimum varying stress of the first flexible insulating layer and the second flexible insulating layer, or the minimum varying stress of the plastic layer is greater than the elastic restoring force of the first flexible insulating layer and the second flexible insulating layer, so that the flexible substrate has the capability of low anti-deformation and can be randomly bent or crossed.


Respiratory disease is a 'blanket' phrase used to describe a multitude of diseases and syndromes that cause similar clinical signs in pigeons: sneezing, swollen sinuses, coulonasal discharge, dyspnoea, etc. It is a common and often quite serious problem in pigeons and pigeon lofts. Its impact on the individual bird and on the performance of a racing team cannot be underestimated. Unfortunately there is a tendency for some pigeon fanciers - and some veterinary surgeons - to consider antibiotics and other drugs to be the sole or best solution, and a great deal of money, time and effort is devoted to treating, rather than preventing this problem.


The change of sulfite from free(f-SO2)to bound form(b-SO2)in 0. 1 M tartrate buffer(pH 3. 4), which was used as model grape juice, was dynamically measured with a biosensor containing immobilized cells of Thiobacillus thiooxidans. By the use of a gas-permeable polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)tube, gaseous f-SO2 was selectively separated from the sample solution and continuously determined with the biosensor. Kinetic analysis was done by applying Michaelis-Menten type equation to the measured data. Among the SO2 acceptors such as acetaldehyde(AcH), pyruvic acid (PA), and a-ketoglutaric acid(KGA), which are typically found in wine, AcH more rapidly combined. with f-SO2 than the others. The saturation constants(Km)of SO2 acceptors were AcH 3. 2 mM, PA 3. 2mM, and KGA 6. 2 mivi, respectively. This indicated that KGA had a lower affinity for f-SO2 than the others.


This paper examines the motivations and procedures for applying the principles of Total Quality Management (TQM) to Property/Casualty insurers. The basic premise emerges that the essential measure of product and service quality for an insurer is the overall financial soundness of the company. It follows that the Actuary, custodian of the riskiest items on the balance sheet, has a special interest and a central role in the TQM process. We examine the application of TQM to the various functional areas of an insurance company, studying both internal activities, external workflows, and the flow of information to the "actuarial nexus". We then review Deming's "Fourteen Points", commenting on their implications for the property/casualty industry and conclude with a review of the Baldrige Award and its importance to the industry.


Supersonic vehicles are surrounded by a plasma layer which produces a cutoff layer for electromagnetic waves. Methods to remove the layer by gas releases, dc magnetic fields, and E×B flows have been proposed earlier. The present work suggests a new approach which is based on laboratory observations. Ions are expelled by a time varying magnetic field which creates a Hall electric field. The ion expulsion opens up a window of transparency for wave communications.


Objective: Obesity is a major public health concern and there are different ways to detect it in population. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the neck circumference (NC) in a simple and practical way.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional survey utilized data from the Yazd Health Study (YaHS) which is a population-based cohort study. In brief, 9962 individuals aged 20-70 years with measurement of body weight, height, waist circumference (WC) and NC were available for analysis. To determine the relationship between NC and other anthropometric measurement, we utilized of Pearson's correlation coefficient. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to find out an optimal cut off value for detecting general and central obesity as well as to determine the sensitivity and specificity of NC in predicting general and central obesity. The whole analysis was performed using SPSS version 22.
Results: NC correlated positively with body mass index (BMI) (r= 0.608, P< 0.001 in men and r= 0.541, P< 0.001 in women) and WC (r= 0.662, P< 0.001 in men and r= 0.542, P< 0.001 in women). The best cut-off point for NC to determine people with general obesity was 40.25 cm for men and 35.75 cm for women.
Conclusion: The NC has an acceptable correlation with BMI and WC. In addition, NC is a simple free measurement which may be utilized in various health-care settings. These properties make the NC as the best anthropometrics to determine overweight and obesity and it can be used as an appropriate predictor for overweight and obesity in population-based screening programs.


This paper analyzed predicament of industrial structure adjustment in Chinese western region, on the basis of polization effection produced by eastern industrial sets, which weakens western dispersion effection and makes the western region have no profit in the whole course of industrial structure adjustment;the specificallyindustrial road and the variously major industry essence lead to the lower capacity of dipersion effection ,and restricts the industrial structure adjustment in western region. So the paper puts forward the measurement of revelantly industrial structure adjustment in Chinese western region.


Kinetic parameters are reported for catalysis of the aquation of the hexachlororhenate(IV) anion by mercury(II), thallium(III), cadmium(II), and indium(III), and of the hexabromorhenate(IV) anion by thallium(III), in aqueous solution. Correlation of these kinetic results with stability constants for halogeno-complexes of the respective metal cations is discussed.


Based on the Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework (Mishra & Koehler, 2006) and the Schmidt et al. (2009) instrument which explore TPACK, this study examines a national sample of 1032 secondary teachers of computer science and measures their knowledge with respect to technology, pedagogy, content knowledge and the combination of each of these areas. Findings indicate that content knowledge and technology knowledge rating are high (average 4.38 and 4.16 respectively) and it seems that secondary teachers are less confident with their pedagogical content knowledge and their technological content knowledge (average 3.51 and 3.68 respectively).


Stable Operating Conditions of Electro-Hydro-Dynamical (EHD) Pump for Realizing the Vertical Transportation of the Dielectric Liquid Shigeru Nakano, Student Member, Masaki Sato, Member (Hachinohe Institute of Technology) This paper describes the effects of the arrangement of electrodes, the temperature of the working fluid, and the polarity of the electrode on the Electro-hydro-dynamical (EHD) generated pressure to clarify the stable operating conditions of EHD pump for realizing the vertical transportation of the dielectric liquid. The vertical type EHD pump is composed of the ring electrode and the cylindrical electrode arranged in an U type pipe filled with the dielectric liquid. The dielectric liquid such as the silicone oil is transported vertically against the gravity by applying the direct high electric field between the cylindrical electrode and the ring electrode. The following results have been obtained experimentally. The EHD pump can transport the silicone oil steadily to the upward direction by using the ring electrode vertically placed against the cylindrical electrode. When the direct high voltage is applied at the cylindrical electrode and the ring electrode is electrically earthed, the silicone oil moves steadily toward the direction of the cylindrical electrode.


Ultrasonic Rayleigh waves can be employed for the detection of surface breaking defects such as rolling contact fatigue and stress corrosion cracking. Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers (EMATs) are well suited to this technique as they can directly generate Rayleigh waves within the sample without the requirement for wedges, and they are robust and inexpensive compared to laser ultrasonics. Three different EMAT coil types have been developed, and these are compared to assess their ability to detect and characterize small (down to 0.5 mm depth, 1 mm diameter) surface breaking defects in aluminium. These designs are: a pair of linear meander coils used in a pseudo-pulse-echo mode, a pair of focused meander coils also used in pseudo-pulse-echo mode, and a pair of focused racetrack coils used in pitch-catch mode. The linear meander coils are able to detect most of the defects tested, but have a much lower signal to noise ratio and give limited sizing information. The focused meander coils and the focused ra...


University students are increasingly required to undertake lengthy unpaid placements, and for many students this needs to be balanced with the paid work they already do. The literature about internships has focused on whether internships help students get jobs post-graduation, or if placements are exploitative, given pay is minimal or non-existent. This article contributes to this literature by examining how placements affect students' current paid employment. Vosko's framework, published in 2010, which identifies the precarious features of the employment relationship and interrogates the social context and location of this employment, is drawn on here. The article is based on a quantitative and qualitative survey of social work students at an Australian university, who need to complete a lengthy placement. The argument made here is that the requirements of lengthy placements restrict the conditions in which students can engage in the workforce and by doing so increase the precarity of their workforce participation.


Gatsroretentive drug delivery system offers several advantages besides providing better bioavailability to poorly absorbed drugs and a required release profile thus attracting interest of pharmaceutical formulation scientists. A large number of marketed formulations are formulated as gastroretentive dosage forms. Floating microspheres is one among the several approaches to gastroretention, like mucoadhesion, flotation, sedimentation, expansion, modified shape systems etc. These systems are useful in overriding the several problems encountered during the development of a pharmaceutical dosage forms. The purpose of this review is to focus on the recent advances in the field of formulation, characterization, evaluation and applications of floating microspheres in the area of gastroretentive dosage forms. The review also highlights the advantages with reference to the multi-particulate systems, as well as provides an overview of the future prospective that can take place in this arena.


The phase transformation induced by 0.0049N and 0.049N Vickers indentation in GaAs single crystal has been investigated using high-resolution electron microscopy. The results showed that the transformations from crystal to micro-crystal line and amorphous phase were caused by the high and low load indentations, respectively. The micro-crystal consists of nano-crystals and amorphous structure. Nano-crystals with the size of tess than 10 nm have different orientations. Some clusters with the size of several atoms were found in the amorphous phase. Many defects, along which lattices distorted and amorphous phase islands formed, were observed in the interface between amorphous phase and crystal. " High-pressure induced amorphization and shear-deformation induced amorphization are proposed to interpret the amorphization induced by indentation in GaAs.


One takes liberalism to be a set of ideas committed to political rights and self-determination, yet it also served to justify an empire built on political domination. Uday Singh Mehta argues that imperialism, far from contradicting liberal tenets, in fact stemmed from liberal assumptions about reason and historical progress. Confronted with unfamiliar cultures such as India, British liberals could only see them as backward or infantile. In this, liberals manifested a narrow conception of human experience and ways of being in the world. Ironically, it is in the conservative Edmund Burke - a severe critic of Britain's arrogant, paternalistic colonial expansion - that Mehta finds an alternative and more capacious liberal vision. Shedding light on a fundamental tension in liberal theory, this book reaches beyond post-colonial studies to revise our conception of the grand liberal tradition and the conception of experience with which it is associated.


In this paper we construct a one-to-one (and quasi-isometric) transformation of a phase space that allows us to pass from a diffusion process with nonzero drift coefficient to a process without drift. Using this transformation we construct strong solutions of stochastic differential equations with a "bad" drift coefficient and give other applications. Bibliography: 21 items.


We thank Kitamura et al. for their interest in our study and for providing their thoughts through correspondence.1 They reported interesting characteristics of Porphyromonas gingivalis ( Pg ) regarding rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as follows: (1) oral infection of Pg increased serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)2 3; (2) oral administration o f Pg decreased the proportion of phylum Bacteroidetes 3; and (3) serum LPS levels were inversely associated with Bacteroides counts. In our metagenome-wide association study (MWAS) of the RA gut microbiome,4 5 we had identified high abundances of five species belonging to the genus Prevotella (i.e., P. denticola , P. marshii , P. disiens , P. corporis , and P. amnii ) in the RA metagenome. Considering that Prevotella in the RA gut microbiome showed an inverse relationship with Bacteroides ,6 7 disentanglement of gut microbiome link between Pg and the Prevotella …


To The Editor, Angiokeratomas are very well-known acquired vascular cutaneous lesions that result from preexisting blood vessel dilatation. Some are related to inherited conditions with metabolic alterations.1 Four main types of angiokeratomas are distinguished. Angiokeratomas of Fordyce are primarily found on the scrotum or vulva in middle-aged men and women. Angiokeratomas of Mibelli are characteristically found on the dorsum of the hands and feet. Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum usually presents as multiple lesions on the trunk, buttocks and hips. The fourth type, solitary angiokeratoma, is the most common. Despite its denomination as 'solitary', it can present as a single lesion or as multiple lesions. This type primarily appears on the lower legs, although it can appear on any part of the body. The pathogenesis of solitary angiokeratoma is thought to be related to continuous trauma or persistent rubbing on an area of skin.2 Supporting this statement, thrombosis, recanalization and features of transepidermal elimination are commonly associated with this type of angiokeratoma. These changes are clinically evident when the lesions acquire a dark, crusted and thrombotic appearance. However, despite these thrombotic phenomena and features of transepidermal elimination, spontaneous involution has not been commonly described in solitary angiokeratoma, although it has been described in Fabry disease following some medical treatment.3 We recently saw two cases of multiple solitary angiokeratomas in which new lesions appeared at the same time as old lesions regressed, and were morphologically accompanied by prominent features of transepidermal elimination of thrombosed blood vessels in the biopsies. In both cases, the period of dermatologic diagnosis included several clinical appointments, during which involution of occasional lesions was clinically corroborated; they acquired a dark, thrombotic crusted appearance (case 1: Fig. 1A,B; case 2: Fig. 1C,D), and the crust was eventually spontaneously extruded, leaving normal skin underneath. Curiously, both patients were infected with the hepatitis C virus. In the biopsies, the involution was characterized by a transition from features typical of a common angiokeratoma (Fig. 2A), findings of extruded serous material that was primarily intraepidermally located (Fig. 2B), lesions in which the extruded serous material was mainly above the epidermis (Fig. 2C) and resulting in lesions with detachment of the crusted material from the epidermis (Fig. 2D–F). Such morphologic features are not uncommonly seen in angiokeratomas, but involution is scarcely reported as their consequence. We believe that our follow-up of these two patients through several appointments was crucial in corroborating that these thrombotic phenomena in angiokeratoma, at least sometimes, result in the involution of the lesion. We also performed an ultrastructural study of the biopsied material in both cases and found


1. On-board information system for registering at least one related value of the vehicle, comprising installed in the inner space of the vehicle body (1) and a module for processing satellite geographic position data, characterized in that the antenna (2) for receiving satellite data geographical position located on the housing (1) so that in the installed state receiving direction is directed into the interior of the vehicle sredstva.2. On-board information system according to Claim. 1, characterized in that the housing (1) has a coating only one side of the body front panel (32), wherein the housing (1) in the area behind the front panel has at least one fastening element for fixed installation in the interior space of the vehicle sredstva.3. On-board information system according to Claim. 1, characterized in that the antenna (2) is a patch antennoy.4. On-board information system according to Claim. 1, characterized in that the receiving body (3) of the antenna (2) is arranged on the middle surface (4) of the antenna weight (2) .5. On-board information system according to Claim. 1, characterized in that the surface (4) of the mass of the antenna (2) comprises a preferably printed platu.6 coated copper. On-board information system according to Claim. 1, characterized in that the antenna (2) is mounted on the projecting into the interior portion of the vehicle body (1), preferably on the withdrawable unit (6) .7. On-board information system according to Claim. 1, characterized in that the housing (1) designed to be installed in the well with the size according to ISO 7736.8 standard. On-board information system according to Claim. 1, characterized


In this paper, the Timoshenko beam theory is developed for bending analysis of functionally graded beams having porosities. Material properties are assumed to vary through the height of the beam according to a power law. Due to unsymmetrical material variation along the height of functionally graded beam, the neutral surface concept is proposed to remove the stretching and bending coupling effect to obtain an analytical solution. The equilibrium equations are derived using the principle of minimum total potential energy and the physical neutral surface concept. Navier-type analytical solution is obtained for functionally graded beam subjected to transverse load for simply supported boundary conditions. The accuracy of the present solutions is verified by comparing the obtained results with the existing solutions. The influences of material parameters (porosity distributions, porosity coefficient, and power-law index), span-to-depth ratio and foundation parameter are investigated through numerical results.
Keywords: functionally graded beam; bending analysis; porosity; elastic foundation; bending; neutral surface.
Received 10 December 2018, Revised 28 December 2018, Accepted 24 January 2019


ABSTRACT Immediate and small-scale weather effects may act as constraints on pollination. A review of existing studies, mostly involving crops, reveals opportunities for research exploiting recent advances in microclimatic technique. Intrafloral temperatures are modified in "disc," "bowl-shaped," "microgreenhouse," "hairy hgat trap," "hanging bell," and thermogenic flowers. Protection from free water or extreme humidities is achieved by floral structures, movements, and patterns of wettability. Microclimate influences the timing of flower-opening, anther extrusion and dehiscence, the survival and germination of pollen grains, and the exposure and receptivity of the style. Weather- related effects on pollinator activity operate indirectly through floral reward (the secretion rate and sugar concentration of nectar, and the release, texture, and perhaps digestibility of pollen) or directly through the hygrothermal balance of the insect or bird, to an extent that depends on the shape of the flower and the deg...


Abstract Let $C$ be a curve over a complete valued field having an infinite residue field and whose skeleton is a chain of loops with generic edge lengths. We prove that any divisor on the chain of loops that is rational over the value group lifts to a divisor of the same rank on $C$ , confirming a conjecture of Cools, Draisma, Robeva, and the third author.


With the serious impact of fossil fuels on the environment and the rapid development of the global economy, the development of clean and usable energy storage devices has become one of the most important themes of sustainable development in the world today. Supercapacitors, known as ultracapacitors, have been supposed to be one of the most promising candidates to meet the requirements of human sustainable development, due to their advantages such as high capacity, high power density, high charging/discharging speed, long cycle life, and low processing cost. However, the low energy density of supercapacitors limits their large-scale application. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop high energy density supercapacitors and use them as power sources for practical devices. Conductive polymer-based electrode materials have unique advantages such as high theoretical capacitance, good conductivity, and good flexibility, and have high potential in supercapacitors. The research on conductive polymer-based electrode materials has promoted the rapid development of the field of supercapacitors. This review summarizes recent research progress on conductive polymers (including polypyrrole, polyaniline, and polythiophene), conductive polymer-based binary composites, and conductive polymer-based ternary and quaternary composites for supercapacitor electrodes. Furthermore, a summary of the use of conductive polymer-based textiles and fibers for flexible supercapacitors is also presented, along with the current challenges and future perspectives for conductive polymer-based supercapacitors.


The succession trend and reason analysis of the affected agricultural area by flood and drought disasters in the Hunan Province were studied in this paper mainly using the methods of Mann-Kendall trend test(M-K method) and regression analysis.The results showed that:(1) M-K statistical value of agricultural area affected by flood has been breaking M-K confidence interval after 1983(P 0.05),and which showed a general upward trend with power function;the drought affected agricultural area displayed a fluctuating trend,and which showed an insignificant upward trend(P 0.05).These results suggested that the area affected by flood continued to grow,while the drought affected area had not been inhibited effectively.The main reasons are:(1) the time and space heterogeneity of precipitation.For example,compared with the average precipitation during 1951-1980,the precipitation in the April,May and June after 1986 decreased significantly,however,which displayed a pronounced increasing in the July.(2) The water conservation function of forests decreased significantly caused by the serious soil erosion.(3) The flooding release function of rivers and lakes was significantly decreased by the serious sedimentation.(4) The large number of reservoirs did not effectively display their integrative role in controlling flood and drought.Finally,some strategies were proposed for the reduction of the affected area of flood and drought disasters.


A novel series of Chalcones (2a-j) were prepared by reacting Furfuraldehyde and substituted ketones in alcohol medium in presence of NaOH. The Chalcones undergoes selective cyclization with Benzhydrazide (1) in glacial acetic acid medium to yield the title compounds 1,3,5-trisubstituted Pyrazolines (3a-j). All the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their In-Vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities. The new compounds were assigned on the basis of 1H-NMR, IR, Mass spectral data and elemental analysis. Some of the tested compounds showed potent activity against antifungal organism A.fumigatus.


Tasks ranging from quick simple plot (which requires only one call to package) to highly sophisticated plots (including motion picture plots) easily generated with basic knowledge of FORTRAN and plot commands. Designers preparing software system that requires plotted output will find this package offers many advantages over standard hardware support packages available.


Let Ks be a (-2, 3, 2s + 1)-type pretzel knot (s ≧ 3) and EKs(p/q) be a closed manifold obtained by Dehn surgery along Ks with a slope p/q. We prove that if q > 0, p/q ≧ 4s + 7 and p is odd, then EKs(p/q) cannot contain an ℝ-covered foliation. This result is an extended theorem of a part of works of Jun for (-2, 3, 7)-pretzel knot.


Abstract A genetic polymorphism (rs968697 T > C) in the HMGA2 gene has recently been linked to an increased risk of hepatoblastoma. However, no studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of the polymorphism on the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). The study aimed to explore whether the rs968697 polymorphism had a significant impact on CRC risk. A total of 500 CRC patients and 500 age and gender matched healthy individuals were genotyped by using the SNaPshot method. Quantitative real-time PCR technology was used to detect the relative expression of the HMGA2 gene in 30 pairs of primary CRC and adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Results: HMGA2 rs968697 polymorphism was significantly associated with CRC risk [CC vs. TT: OR = 0.20, 95%CI = 0.06–0.70, P = 0.01; (CC + CT) vs. TT: OR = 0.71, 95%CI = 0.53–0.96, P = 0.02; CC vs. (CT + TT): OR = 0.21, 95%CI = 0.06–0.73, P = 0.01; C vs. T: OR = 0.67, 95%CI = 0.51–0.89, P < 0.01]. The analysis based on tumor stage indicated that the CRC patients with HMGA2 rs968697 C allele were less likely to have high-stage tumors. Furthermore, the genotype-tissue expression analysis revealed that the rs968697 CC genotype was linked to the low expression of HMGA2 gene. The in silico analysis revealed that the rs968697 polymorphism in the promoter region of the HMGA2 gene could influence transcription factor binding, including ATF6, DBP, CDPCR3, DR3, NRSF, PAX8, PPARA, SZF11, TAXCREB and POLR2A. In conclusion, our findings suggested that the HMGA2 rs968697 polymorphism was linked to CRC risk and could be used as a biomarker to detect CRC risk.


The deep roots of semiotics – Peirce, Husserl, Saussure, Greimas –founded by the Anglo-German and French traditions, have tried to recover its full phenomenological dimension in neo-semiotics. The being and the world, the interpreter and the signs, the humanistic subject, the subject of passions and emotions, meaning and object, these are all included in the process of signification. Staying close to things, of the world of reality, as desired by the young Greimas, ensures its deep knowledge and knowledge of the sense of being and appearance.


Natural Language Processing (NLP) has been widely used in the semantic analysis in recent years. Our paper mainly discusses a methodology to analyze the effect that context has on human perception of similar words, which is the third task of SemEval 2020. We apply several methods in calculating the distance between two embedding vector generated by Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformer (BERT). Our team will go won the 1st place in Finnish language track of subtask1, the second place in English track of subtask1.


The present study was conducted to compare the feelings of loneliness, depression and stress in students with hearing-impaired and normal students at secondary schools of Tabriz city. This research was a causal-comparative study. The study population included all male and female students with hearing-impaired and normal students in the academic year of 2013-2014 at the secondary schools of Tabriz city. The study sample (n = 30) was selected by convenience sampling method. To measure variables of study, Loneliness Scale of Usher et al (1984), Children Depression Scale of Najarian (1994) and Perceived Stress Scale of Cohen et al (1983) were used, and multi-covariance analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to analyze of hypotheses. The results showed that there is a significant difference between feelings of loneliness, depression and stress between hearing-impaired students and normal students studying at secondary schools of Tabriz.


In this article one of the supporting roles sacral buildings - as the defense positions and places of shelter during the siege, and their potential for including in the UNESCO World Heritage List.


THERE are two ways to enforce price controls. The first method uses undercover agents to observe violations or to offer to enter into transactions at illegal prices. The second method relies on buyers to provide a public board, staffed by government officials, with the information necessary to detect and punish violations of the law. We show that this second method is effective when one side of the transaction is defined as the "victim" and the other as the "guilty party." The guilty party is typically fined an amount equal to the revenue that he gained through violating the law; that amount is then given as compensation to the victim. This method of "one-sided" enforcement reduces, ex ante, the guilty party's incentive to violate the law. This article explores the incentives provided by one-sided enforcement. The article makes no judgment on the social desirability of the laws discussed here but explains why the methods of enforcement used by the state are efficient, given the chosen end. One-sided enforcement is particularly effective at enforcing rent control and the minimum wage laws. In 1973, for example, a mere 880


We introduce a new nonlinear oscillator model governing the spontaneous creation of ultrashort pulses in Kerr-nonlinear parametric oscillators. This model explains the π and π/2 steps in our phase spectrum measurements of microresonator-based frequency combs.


At the head of the silk manuscript of the Lao Tzu (Text B) unearthed from Tomb No. 3 at Mawangtui in Changsha are found some texts of the following four short treatises:
1. The Ching Fa经法(Canon of Fa) which deals mainly with the fa法.
2. The Shih Ta Ghing十大经(Ten Great Classics) which is chiefly an exposition of the art of war.
3. The Ch'eng称(Balancing) which is in the main a discourse on the naive dialectics of antiquity.
4. The Tao Yuan道原(The Origin of the Tao) which is an exposition of the objective laws of development of things.
The texts of the four treatises, which are inter-related, seem to form an entity. On the basis of their contents, their date of copying and the history of their transmission, the author holds that they represent the four chapters of the long lost Huang Ti Ssu Ching (The Four Classics of the Yellow Emperor) listed in the Yi Wen Chih艺文志(Chapter on Bibliography) of the Han Shu (History of the Han Dynasty).
The doctrines contained in the Four Classics of the Yellow Emperor and the Lao Tzu (the present Tao Te Ching) have long been lumped together and referred to as the "doctrines of the Yellow Emperor and Lao Tzu"黄帝老子之言simply the "Huang Lao" 黄老which is an abbreviated form derived from the first character in the names of the two alleged authors. The newly found texts consist chiefly of an exposition of the Legalist philosophy in which the objective laws of development of things are called the tao (the way) and the fa is regulated in accordance with these laws. Hence, the saying "Tao sheng fa"道生法(The tao gives rise to the fa.). It also expounds the relationship between the form and name of things, showing that it is the concrete form of a thing which gives rise to its name. The Legalists sought to explore the li理of the actual existence of things on the basis of their names. In antiquity the character hisng形was often written in the form of刑, thus giving rise to the term "doctrine of form and name"刑名之学which was a major school of the Legalists. In early Han the doctrines of Huang Lao were in high vogue but the true meaning of the first character Huang黄has never been ascertained. The discovery of this long lost book of antiquity reveals for the first time that it actually represents a Legalist doctrine.
The fact that passages from this book were often cited by the Legalists of the late Warring States Period suggests that it was probably written around 400 B. C. Its author was believed to be a man of the Cheng State.
Although Huang is mentioned along with Lao in the term Huang Lao, the chief position should be given to the former. The present texts, the presumably, the Four Classics of the Yellow Emperor, expound the Legalist views with the naive dialetics borrowed from the Lao Tzu. A detailed comparison of these two books shows that the former contains much which is not found in the latter and its achievement and influences are also much greater. It is an important treatise representing a new Legalist school of the middle Warring States Period.
In early Han, the anti-Confucian and pro-Legalist tradition of Ch'in Shih Huang, the First Emperor of the Ch'in Dynasty, was followed by the court and the doctrines of Huang Lao came into high vogue. From the middle of the Western Han onwards, the struggle between the Confucians and Legalists became further intensified with the former concentrating their attack on the "dectrines of form and name of Huang and Lao"黄老刑名之学. As a result, the Four Classics of the Yellow Emperor was lost shortly after the Han Dynasty.
The rediscovery of this lost Legalist treatise after nearly 2,000 years is a great event in Chinese archaeology. Of tremendous value to the study of the Legalist ideology of the early stage of Chinese feudal society, it will call for a reconsideration and rewriting of many aspects of ancient Chinese cultural history.
Appendix Ⅰ: Tablee of Passages or Sentences from the Lost Ancient Book Found at the Head of the Lao Tzu (Text B) in Comparison with Those Found in Some Existent Legalist Works of Antiquity.
Appendix Ⅱ: Transcription of the Text of the Lost Ancient Book Found at the Head of the Lao Tzu (Text B). (Based on Wen Wu, 1974, No. 10, pp. 30-42. with some corrections after cheking it against the original.—Editor.)


Key Points Question How did the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in people living with children evolve through the pandemic in France? Findings In this case-control study, people living with children were at an increased risk of infection. An association with higher risk was consistent through most of the pandemic for households with young children up to 6 years of age, during most of the Delta and Omicron BA.1 waves for households with children of primary school and middle school age, and until vaccination for households with high school students. Meaning These results provide guidance for policies focusing on children, particularly very young children, and immunocompromised members of their households.


1.1. Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that the COMT gene is associated with alcohol, nicotine, and illicit substances. The aim of the present study was to examine the methylation status of a remarkable region in the COMT gene promoter in methadone-treated smokers and addicts. Methods: All male samples, including 30 smokers, 30 opium addicts receiving methadone treatment, and 30 healthy individuals, had their DNAs extracted from their whole blood and processed with a sodium bisulfite kit. 61 CpG dinucleotides were included in the study region and were sequenced.


Organic dye molecules with the acceptor moieties, cyano groups, cross-conjugated to the donor moieties, have been investigated theoretically. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations on such cross-conjugated molecules reveal the effects of cross-conjugation on the geometric and electronic structures of the molecules. The cross-conjugated cyano groups in the dye molecules are found effective to alter the charge population and the frontier orbital energy levels of the dyes. The effects of cross-conjugation of cyano group on the molecular conformation, the charge transfer, and polarity of the dyes are discussed.


Objective To investigate the nutritional status of hospitalized pediatric patients and to explore the malnutrition prevalence in these children.Methods We prospectively surveyed a total of 2 274 pediatric patients younger than 14 years in three hospitals of Shanghai.Height for age Z-score(HAZ),weight for age Z-score(WAZ),and weight for height Z-score(WHZ)were calculated for evaluation of nutritional status of hospitalized pediatric patients using the WHO anthropometric measurement data for children as reference.All data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software.Results The prevalence of stunting(HAZ-2),underweight(WAZ-2),and wasting(WHZ-2)was 7.1%,5.5%,and 5.2%,while the nutritional risk(-2≤Z-1)was 13.5%,16.8%,and 16.3%,respectively.The pediatric patients with congenital heart diseases had higher prevalences of stunting,underweight,and wasting,and those with urological or orthopedic surgeries had a higher prevalence of stunting.Conclusion The prevalences of stunting,wasting,and underweight in hospitalized children are higher than the common population.Nutrition assessment is recommended for pediatric patients.


- Research shows that motivation plays a crucial role in enhancing a student's reading comprehension. It is aptly associated with leaner's academic performance and success in school. However, reading motivation remains a gap in literacy instruction. The purpose of this paper is to present a brief review on the concept of reading motivation, its aspects and dimensions, the different instruments used to assess student's reading motivation, and how reading motivation affects learner's reading comprehension. Significantly, this paper discusses several strategies, approaches, and instructional materials educators could utilize to improve their students' reading motivation.


The mechanism of inhibitory effects of microsilica impurities on microsilica dissolution was discovered. The relevance of the work is due to the demand for liquid glass in the enterprises of Central Russia and the lower cost of raw materials, namely sodium silicate, compared with analogues. Waste disposal helps to solve the problems of resource conservation and environmental management. Microslica was studied by differential thermal analysis using a TGA 2 in the temperature range of 20...800 °C with a heating rate of 20 °C/min in air. Modification of microsilica was carried out by mixing with sodium hydroxide with a concentration of 15...25 wt.% at a temperature 20...50 °C with stirring at 600 rpm. The mechanism of formation of by-products with the basis of the obtained data was determined. The greatest contribution to the inhibitory effect on the process of producing liquid glass is made by aluminum ions. The resulting byproduct, hydroalumination sodium is formed in several stages and is catalyzed by sodium silicate. The reduction in the rate of mass transfer and temperature in the modification process of the microsilica reduces the amount of produced byproducts. The mechanism of inhibition of the process of dissolution of microsilica, a byproduct of the production of aluminum fluoride, was determined. The mechanism of the formation byproducts was proposed. The activation energy of the polymerization reaction was obtained. The value of the activation energy is 7.73 kJ/mol, indicates that the synthesis process takes place in the diffuse region. The optimal parameters of physical and chemical modification are determined. Microilica is treated with sodium hydroxide with a concentration of 25 % at a temperature of 20 °C at a speed of 600 rpm.


Consciousness is unified in various ways, but the nature and basis of its unity remains a matter of intense debate. This debate promises to illuminate the nature of experience, the self, and various pathologies of consciousness.

Keywords:

consciousness;
self;
binding;
commissurotomy;
dissociation


Along with China's rapid development of higher education,colleges and universities financial management,a new development trend.Based analysis of financial risk theory,financial risk of university includes financial risk,invest risk and current risk;analyze the cause of these risks including: break government management,bad influence for policy much more students,difficulty of finance,sick base of risk control in internal university;at last,give some countermeasures from the government's investors.


In this work, the use of courtesy lamps for communicating with visible light has been proposed for low cost indoor positioning. Modulated light emitting diode (LED) lights have been used for both positioning and lightening. The lamp ID information has been transmitted to three LED lamps. With the proposed system, the mobile receiver is provided with the location information and the environment on the screen is visualized. The proposed system consists of three components. These are the light transmission module, the light driver and the receiver circuit. The system is recommended for the display of works of art in indoor environments such as museums and art centers.


This is a response to a letter by Gruez et al. (1)

We have recently published the crystal structures of reduced, substrate-bound, and oxidized forms of free methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase (fRMsr) from Staphylococcus aureus and proposed a catalytic mechanism of fRMsr based on structural and kinetic analysis (2). The Branlant group also reported, in parallel, the crystal structure of oxidized Neisseria meningitidis fRMsr complexed with the substrate, methionine-R-sulfoxide (3). Interestingly, a significant difference is observed in the orientation of the position of substrate binding between the structures of S. aureus and N. meningitidis fRMsrs; the sulfoxide moiety in the S. aureus fRMsr replaces the position of the carboxylate group in N. meningitidis fRMsr and vice versa.

The substrate-bound S. aureus fRMsr structure was obtained using C68S mutant (corresponding to C84S in Escherichia coli fRMsr) and contained a reduced catalytic residue, Cys102. This feature is different from the N. meningitidis fRMsr complex, which is an oxidized form with a disulfide bond between Cys102 and Cys68. Our substrate binding model best fitted in the electron density map. This substrate-bound structure was somewhat unexpected because the C68S mutant form was still active, although its activity was much lower than that of wild-type. It is possible that the presence of a high concentration of dithiothreitol in the crystallization condition would help the competent substrate bind to the active site.

In the active site of the substrate-bound S. aureus fRMsr, the thiol group of Cys102 faces the sulfoxide and its position is appropriate to attack the sulfur atom owing to high flexibility. The NH3+group of the substrate interacts, via hydrogen bonds, with invariant acidic residues, Glu109, Asp125, and Asp127. In addition, Tyr50 interacts with the carboxylate of the substrate by hydrogen bonding, and this interaction can stabilize the negative charge. Our structural analysis shows that the conformational changes occur during catalysis in the loop regions (the flap); especially the loop containing catalytic Cys102 is highly flexible. In this regard, it is likely that conformational changes would also occur in the flap of M. meningitidis fRMsr. Thus, to superimpose the flap regions, comparison of the N. meningitidis fRMsr with the oxidized form of S. aureus fRMsr, rather than with the substrate-bound reduced form, should be more appropriate. Indeed, superimposition of the oxidized form of S. aureus and N. meningitidis fRMsrs shows similar flap positions.


Objective: Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) is still showing its effect as a major problem all over the world Method: SARS-CoV-2 PCR tests of 21 people were examined in our hospital between March 2020 and April 2020, and serum samples were collected again in July 2020 and Roche SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels were measured in a total of 42 samples


In this paper a new non-switching type reaching law for sliding mode control of discrete time systems is proposed and applied to the problem of flow regulation in a class of data transmission networks. The reaching law proposed in this paper is inspired by the significant `constant plus proportional' reaching law of Gao, Wang and Homaifa, however, in our work the original formulation is refined in order to avoid chattering and to ensure fast convergence with limited control signal. These improvements are possible due to the application of a modified definition of the quasi-sliding mode, and also because of the introduction of adaptive, state dependent sliding variable decrease rate factor. In the second part of the paper the proposed reaching law is employed for the purpose of congestion control in a single virtual circuit of connection oriented (e.g. Multi Protocol Label Switching) networks. Several important properties of the proposed reaching law based control scheme are proved.


This paper illustrates the social and health consequences of the politics and policies of Gypsy sites in the UK. Recent research concerning health status shows that Gypsies and Travellers have significantly poorer health than other UK resident English speaking ethnic minorities and economically disadvantaged white UK residents. Interview data from the qualitative study of Gypsy and Traveller experience of health and access to health care illustrate the impact of inequality and the association of accommodation factors with health outcomes health. This paper explores how policy on Gypsy sites impacts on the availability of suitable accommodation for Gypsies and Travellers and examines the practical implications for their status in society and the wider health consequences.


Abstract : Basic considerations are discussed for determining sample sizes and record lengths for various statistical tests and estimates which are important to random fatigue testing. Methods for determining minimum sample sizes when comparing means and variances of normally (Gaussian) distributed random variables are described. Procedures for reducing a relatively large sample to a smaller sample are presented. Elimination of outliers and systematic resampling are two methods given. An explanation is presented of the requirements and problems involved in the determination of record lengths necessary for an estimate of a given accuracy for autocorrelation functions, ordinary power spectral density functions, cross-correlation functions, cross-spectral density functions, frequency response functions, and probability density functions. Due to its importance in random fatigue testing applications, the basic properties of the Weibull distribution in terms of its parameters and the failure rate are summarized. A presentation is given of estimation and statistical testing problems related to the Weibull distribution. The best available methods of estimating the parameters are described. Methods of determining sample sizes needed for various analyses are developed. Some problems of reliability analysis applicable in fatigue testing are discussed. New methods of decision techniques for comparing two or more systems are proposed in terms of reliability. The report concludes with an example of the application of the Weibull distribution to actual fatigue test data.


The Paper develops a critique of industrial restructuring measures from the perspective of social innovation theory. Three kinds of industrial restructure are discussed: business process re-engineering; computer-integrated manufacturing; and lean production. The paper argues that the dominant approaches to these restructuring initiatives are socially deficient in that they do not draw on the full potential of the workforce.


Regenerative braking can extend the driving range and reduce PM emissions from abrasion for battery electric heavy-duty trucks (BETs). The composite braking control strategy including torque distribution and dynamic coordinated control for the four-axle BET equipped with the electromechanical braking system is studied. A segmented torque distribution strategy is proposed to maximize energy recovery while ensuring braking stability. The simulation results reveal that the strategy shows better comprehensive braking performance than the two benchmark strategies, and the energy recovery rate in different load states under CHTC-D is above 40%. The proposed coordinated control strategy takes advantage of regenerative braking's rapid response and precise control to compensate for torque deviations caused by the hysteresis of friction braking. For two common braking mode transition conditions, regenerative braking torque correction and advance of the mode switching timing are adopted to enable the motor to obtain the torque compensation ability. This method leads to a slight loss of braking energy, and the maximum torque deviation during the mode switching process is suppressed to less than 1.4 kN·m, and the jerk and braking distance is reduced accordingly, which is of great importance in improving driving comfort and braking safety.


The paper argues for a new focus on moral leadership in business. Drawing on the Confucian vision of leadership, it explores, in the first part, the view that genuine leadership is based on moral principles and the vision of a good life for followers as well as leaders, and it is this that gives it legitimacy. The second part draws on both modern experimental research findings in psychological economics and ancient Confucian insights, to show that business is more deeply rooted in moral background institutions than commonly believed. In the third part, the paper concludes that while moral leadership is grounded in the personal morality of authenticity and the solid structures of corporate ethics, it can only succeed when leaders walk the talk. The article concludes with a case study of a scandal concerning Siemens and attempts by its top management to set the conditions for a fresh start.


Empirical evidence suggests that social and occupational disability plays a significant role in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The purpose of this study was to assess the role of social/occupational disability and to identify predictors of the development of PTSD in a group of disaster relief workers (DRWs) who had been deployed to the World Trade Center (WTC) following September 11, 2001. Eight hundred forty-two utility workers completed a battery of comprehensive tests measuring PTSD and social occupational functioning. Results indicated a significant association between PTSD symptoms and impaired social/occupational functioning. Symptomatic workers were also more likely to have a history of trauma, panic disorder, and depression. Those with a history of trauma, depression, generalized anxiety disorder or panic reported significantly more disability than those without a psychiatric history. Careful screening of PTSD and social/occupational functioning in DRWs following a disaster is warranted so that early treatment can be undertaken to prevent a chronic and disabling course.


We have measured the Brillouin shift as a function of hydrostatic pressure in dense argon and nitrogen at different constant temperatures. We show that for argon there is a linear relation between the index of refraction and the reduced density. A comparison of the sound velocities determined ultrasonically and from our Brillouin data shows a negative velocity dispersion. This is in agreement with theoretical predictions and measurements of the temperature dependence of the sound velocity along the vapor‐pressure equilibrium curve using Brillouin scattering. The fact that the negative velocity dispersion increase with pressure at constant temperature is smaller at lower temperatures is, however, puzzling and cannot be explained within the framework of the above‐mentioned theoretical model.


Optical microscope, SEM and IMMA investigation show that a strong interaction
between hydrogen and calcium aluminate inclusions cotaining Mg may occur in medium carbon
steels. That causes the hydrogen accumulating around the inclusions and reducing the ductility
of the steel.


This article is a kind of dispute history paper that has traced the controversies over whether Martin Luther posted his 95 theses. It has examined major aspects and issues of a long controversy triggered by Erwin Iserloh's denial of posting the theses in 1961. Viewed from a large scale perspective, this controversy has not exceeded beyond the scope raised by Iserloh to date. Unless Luther lied, the date of posting the theses, if ever, could not be on October 31 judging based on critical review of historical records, and it is deemed appropriate to infer the absolute absence of such posting as letting those theses widely known was the last thing Luther wanted. Iserloh's these blurred one aspect that symbolizes the beginning of the Reformation. However, this controversy served as an opportunity to newly coordinate the history of the Reformation and to gain a deeper understanding of Luther. If Luther prepared the theses and did not post them, it becomes all the more clear that he quietly sought the prevention of abuse of indulgence and made attempts of theological improvement based on his theological and ethical ground. In this respect, whether Luther posted his 95 theses or not becomes a touchstone to precisely identify his intention. Even if Luther did not post the theses, October 31, 1517 has sufficient historical meanings comparable to those of the anniversary of the Reformation since it is the day when Luther sent his theses to the archbishop and requested for resolving the indulgence issue. One does not necessarily have to hesitate the acceptance of the academic achievement of the posting just because of the historical or symbolical implications of the theses posting that has been considered the beginning of the Reformation. The indifferent and callous response of the Roman Catholic Church to Luther's request sparked a schism in the church, and since scholars and the general public welcomed the revolution back then, it becomes all the more clear that the church was forced into the path of revolution against his will. That is, what triggered the spark of the Reformation was an avid support of majority of population throughout the Germany.
(Seoul National firstname.lastname@example.com)


A running control method for application in a system comprising a sending / receiving data without contact (CLINT) of NFC type and optionally host processors (HP1, HP2, HP3) control of the execution of the application is based on an internal data path control necessary for transferring application data, the method comprising steps for authorization to open a data path to a application control function in response to a request (CMD) data path usage in an unopened state, emitted by a source point (P1, P3) and designating a destination point (P1, P2, P3, pc), and opening of the data path if the application control function permits, to enable the application to be executed.


The conditions of making use of tailings were expounded in this paper, and the new achievements in recent research and practice of comprehensive utilization of tailings in the world were surveyed, and the problems in this field in China were analyzed.


Growth in farm debt picked up sharply in the 1970s. During the past ten years, farm debt has risen at an annual rate of 11.7 percent, compared with 7.5 percent in the 1950s and 1960s. Outstanding farm debt now totals $160 billion, three times the total of ten years ago. Growth has been especially rapid for the last four years. But growth at banks has not kept pace, resulting in a substantial loss of market share. Farm debt owed to banks has risen at an annual rate of 10.5 percent since 1975, compared with 17 percent for all other institutional lenders. Because of the slower growth, the proportion of institutionally held farm debt owed to banks has declined to a third. Down from 40 percent in 1975, that is the smallest market share for banks in the post-World War II era. Competitive imbalances that favor other lenders account for part of the loss in market share. Competition from the farm credit system and government agencies can be tough for banks and, in some respects, inequitable. The farm credit system—which includes federal land banks and production credit associations—has a competitive edge in its exemption from usury ceilings, and its tax advantage. Government agencies that lend to farmers (Commodity Credit Corporation, Farmers Home Administration, and the Small Business Administration) also have these advantages, plus recent mandates from Congress and the Administration to provide farmers special loans. Government agencies have been the fastest growing institutional lender serving farmers in recent years. Much of this growth reflects new and more liberally subsidized programs for farmers affected by natural disasters and economic distress. More borrowing under the commodity price support program (partly to rebuild grain reserves) and a liberalized program to expand on-farm storage facilities has also contributed to the rise in government lending to farmers. Share of farm debt owed to banks has declined sharply


There are now several hundred papers reporting the association of mycoplasma-like organisms with approximately sixty plant diseases, which were attributed prior to 1967 to virus infection. Some thirty papers deal with culture in vitro of mycoplasmas from diseased plants, but substantial evidence for the organisms' etiological roles is generally lacking. In the case of stubborn and little leaf diseases of citrus, a mycoplasma-like organism has been repeatedly cultured from diseased plant material in several independent laboratories. The organism can be readily sub-cultured on cell-free media, and cultures have been deposited in the American Type Culture Collection. Special features of this organism are its helical morphology, rotational motility, and infection by a tailed bacteriophage, characteristics unknown among the 'classical' mycoplasmas, with which it shows no serological relationship. It has therefore been placed in a new genus, Spiroplasma, as a new species, S. eitri (Sagl io et al., 1973). This organism is now well characterized (Cole et al., 1973; Bowyer and Calavan, 1974). Pathogenicity of the organism for citrus has not yet been demonstrated. However, Daniels et al., (1973) injected a strain isolated from Israeli Iittle leaf diseased citrus into the leafhopper fuseelis plebejus, which is known to be a vector of mycoplasma-like organisms in Europe, but not of the citrus disease agent. The injected leafhoppers apparently transmitted the organism to white clover plants, which developed 'yellows-type' disease symptoms, including chlorosis, stunting, and dwarfing of young leaves. 'Spiroplasmas' were observed in the phloem cells of these plants, from which the organism was isolated. It was also reisolated from the injected leafhoppers from up to ten weeks after injection. In Cal ifornia, Lee et al. have recently cultu red an organism, similar to Spiroplasma eitri, from beet leafhoppers (Cireulifer tene//us) collected in an area where citrus stubborn disease has spread markedly. This finding raises the possibility that Circulifer tene//us is the longsought vector of the stubborn pathogen. A motile, helical organism resembling Spiroplasma eitri has been fou nd to be associated with corn stunt disease, but attempts to culture it have been unsuccessful, although infectivity in vitro is retained for several weeks (Davis etal., 1972; Davis and Worley, 1973). Davis (1972) has shown that phase contrast and dark field microscopy is useful for the diagnosis of corn stunt by observation of the organism in expressed plant sap. Workers long experienced in the culture of mycoplasmas of animal origin have so far failed in attempts to culture mycoplasma-like organisiTls from plants and leafhoppers infected with the aster yellows pathogen. (Hayflick and Arai, 1973). The authors conclude that "typical mycoplasma species are probablynCl't etiologically involved in aster yellows disease" which is the, 'type member' of the plant 'yellows diseases'. There are now several reports of bacilliform, virus-like particles, varying in size from about 20 to 30 nm in diameter by 50 to 200 nm in length, associated with mycoplasmalike organisms in thin sections of diseased plant tissue or infective leafhopper vectors (Ploaie, 1971; Marchoux and Giannotti, 1971; Allen, 1972; Gourret et al., 1973). These particles resemble those of one of the groups of viruses shown recently to infect Aeholeplasma laidlawii (Gourlay, 1972). However, the nature of the particles, their relationship with the mycoplasma-like organisms, and with the host plant cells have yet to be determined. In summary, recent work indicates that the mycoplasma-


We present the pseudorapidity distributions of the charged particles in nucleus-nucleus collisions as a function of the beam energy and impact parameter, after taking into account the contributions of binary collisions, leading particles, and spectators. We then analyze with a theoretical model the experimental measurements carried out by the BNL-RHICPHOBOS Collaboration in Au+Au collisions at √sNN = 200, 130, 62.4, and 19.6 GeV. The theoretical results favor the experimental measurements well.


In the field of sensorless control of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), different techniques based on machine anisotropies have been studied and implemented successfully. Nevertheless, most proposed approaches extract the rotor position information from the measured machine currents, that, when applied to low-power machines, might require high-bandwidth current sensors. An interesting alternative is given by sensorless techniques that exploit the star-point voltage of PMSMs, such as the direct flux control technique. This work aims at analyzing the conditions of applicability of such technique by considering a more thorough description of the machine inductance matrix. After a comprehensive mathematical description of the technique and characterization of the machine anisotropy information that is extracted from the star-point voltage, simulation as well as experimental results conducted on a test machine are presented and discussed in order to validate the proposed theory.


Different schematic mechanisms are used to scale the observed energy change between forward and grazing angle fragments. A modification in the Goldhaber hypothesis is finally suggested to explain that the most probable velocity for forward fragments is very close to that of the beam.


Multimedia and camera-based technologies play an important role in our daily life, and have become among the most relevant technological innovations. These technologies have proliferated into a wide range of application domains like Internet-of-Things (IoT), Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), Healthcare and Medical Image Processing, Security, Consumer, etc. The evermore increasing computational and communication requirements demanded by current and next generation multimedia and image/video processing devices together with energy constraints which characterize portable devices require innovative design methodologies and tools. The IEEE/ACM ESTIMedia aims to bring together people from different multimedia and imaging-related research communities who have worked separately but did not interact sufficiently to address the challenges facing the design of hardware and software layers of such highly specialized multimedia and image/video processing systems.


The ratio of excimer to monomer emission intensities, denoted by ID/IM, was measured for Py–COO(CH2CH2O)mCO Py, where Py denotes the 1-pyrenyl group and m = 1–4, in solvents of different viscosity, η. Three different systems were used to change the viscosity of the medium: (a) Mixtures of methanol and ethylene glycol at 25°C, (b) linear aliphatic alcohols, H(CH2)nOH, where n =1–6, also at 25°C, and (c) ethylene glycol over the range 6.6–35°C. The ratio ID/IM decreases sharply as η increases, and the rate of the decrease in ID/IM is a function of m. Quantitatively, the dependence of ID/IM on η at high viscosity, i.e., the slope [d(ID/IM)/d(1/η)]∞, is larger in the present work than in another series of 1-pyrenyl diesters in which the flexible spacer is an oligomer of polyethylene, instead of an oligomer of polyoxyethylene. In the limit where η → ∞, the ratio ID/IM assumes its largest value in the bichromophoric compound with m = 2. However, as η decreases the compound with m = 3 becomes the one with the largest ID/IM. A complete rotational isomeric state analysis (for the compounds with m = 1–3) and a Monte Carlo simulation (for the compound m = 4) of the conformations of the diesters can rationalize the behavior of ID/IM in the high viscosity limit. ©1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


The combination of genetic algorithms and parallel processing can be very powerful when applied to the design and learning of Multilayer Perceptron neural networks. It is well known that the definition of Multilayer Perceptron neural networks is a very difficult task that could become, to a large extent, a process of trial and error. Also, the learning process of Multilayer Perceptron neural networks can be very slow, putting in danger the performance of countless applications. Therefore techniques for automating the design of neural networks are clearly of interest and the use of parallel processing is essential in minimizing the time required on the learning process. Furthermore, the use of cooperation in the genetic algorithm allows the interaction of different populations, avoiding local minima and helping in the search of the ideal solution. Finally, the use of exclusive evolution behavior on each copy of the genetic algorithm running in each task helped in enhancing the diversity of populations and the search for the fit solution.


InP-based high electron mobility transistors (InP HEMTs) exhibit a record current-gain cutoff frequency of beyond 500 GHz and an ultra low noise figure of less than 2 dB even at 100 GHz. Consequently, they are regarded as key devices for next-generation wired/wireless communication systems and precision sensors. This paper describes some fabrication techniques that enhance device uniformity for large-scale integration and provide the frequency response required for high-speed operation. It then describes two sensors that have been developed using InP HEMTs: a 94-GHz-band passive image sensor and an ultra-wideband (UWB) radar operating in the quasi-millimeter waveband of 23 to 29 GHz. By improving the performance of sensors and transceivers, InP HEMTs will accelerate the realization of advanced sensor network systems that support various social infrastructure services, for example, security, disaster prevention, and transportation.


A field experiment was conducted on clayey soil having medium status of available N, P, K and S at Junagadh during rabi season of 2014-15 to study the "Response of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) to diffrents levels of potassium and sulphur. The experiment comprising of 12 treatment combinations with four levels of potassium (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg/ha) and three levels of sulphur (0, 20 and 40 kg/ha) was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design with three replications. Among the levels of potassium @ 40 kg/ha promoted growth parameters viz., plant height, plant spread, number of branches per plant and yield attributes viz., number of umbels per plant, number of seeds per umbellate, seed weight per plant, test weight, seed yield (1488 kg/ha), stover yield (1603 kg/ha) over the control. Among the levels of sulphur @ 40 kg/ha enhanced growth parameters viz., plant height, plant spread, number of branches per plant and yield attributes viz., number of umbels per plant, number of umbellates per umbel, number of seeds per umbellate, seed weight per plant, test weight, seed yield (1534 kg/ha), stover yield (1653 kg/ha). It also significantly increased content and uptake of NPKS kg/ha.


A 61-year-old female patient had been receiving HD since 1978 due to chronic glomerulonephritis. She had undergone parathyroidectomy (PTX) with autotransplantation in May 1995. Recurrence of 2°HPT was observed as the serum level of iPTH was 695 mg/dL.The serum levels of correct Calcium (Ca), inorganic Phosphate (iP) and bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) were 9.3 mg/dL, 3.2 mg/dL and 81.7 U/L, respectively. On April 2008, we administered cinacalcet (25 mg daily) with intravenous maxacalcitol (2.5 μg) and oral 1α-hydroxycholecalciferol (0.5 μg) during each session of dialysis and sevelamer hydrochloride (3 g daily). Approximately one year later, the levels of Ca, iP, iPTH and BAP were 8.8 mg/dL, 5.3 mg/dL, below 100 pg/mL and 25.2 U/L, respectively, and the size of the transplanted parathyroid gland had also decreased in size. A transiliac bone biopsy was performed on March 2009 and a bone histomorphometry analysis revealed adynamic bone disease (ABD). We performed a repeat biopsy approximately 18 months after continuing the reduced administration of cinacalcet, which ranged a dose of from 0 to 25 mg per dialysis session while causing the iPTH level to fluctuate from 150 to 250 pg/mL. The bone type was found to have exchanged from ABD to mild lesions accompanied by an increased mineral apposition rate (MAR) with minimodeling in the cortical bone (Table 1).


This presentation introduces a new concept in the field of smart transport logistics: smart yards. A smart yard is a buffer area to decouple long-haul operations from last-mile logistics and can be implemented at various logistics hubs, e.g., airports, seaports, or distribution centers. The presentation will briefly discuss the generic smart yard concept and conceptualizes this in a smart yard framework. We focused on complex mixed-traffic environments. Within these environments, roads are not private, but partly public, and traffic management is only partially controlled. This shift towards a more complex environment will have an impact on the development of connected and automated concepts, such as Automated Vehicles (AVs). The smart yard concept can be divided into a physical smart yard and a digital smart yard. Both concepts will be briefly discussed in the presentation. Within the physical smart yard, a cargo decoupling point and AVs are implemented. In the digital smart yard, a seamlessly integrated network system is deployed, that utilizes technological applications such as IoT or 5G, to enable data sharing. To get a grasp on the smart yard concept, a conceptual smart yard framework has been developed. In this framework, decisive factors are stated that are used as the input for a smart yard. A taxonomy, based on the decisive factors, characterizes a case. Based on these inputs, decisions on key elements (for example, the type of AV and control architecture) should be made. This framework provides directions for further research and addresses practical aspects. To exemplify the smart yard concept, we present a use case, namely the Schiphol case. Based on the framework, we determine the taxonomy of the Schiphol use case and show the potential concept and the potential impacts that a smart yard can have. The usefulness of the smart yard is researched from a logistical point of view, to show the impact and effectiveness on KPIs such as throughput time, waiting time, and utilization. This is substantiated with a simulation model, which will be the main focus of the presentation. The approach, the simulation model itself, and the detailed results of this simulation study will be discussed. Furthermore, we will discuss the conclusions about smart yards and the potential areas for further research drawn from this study.


An aerodynamically and elastically scaled half span wind tunnel model of a SensorCraft configuration was tested in the Langley TDT wind tunnel to explore the aeroelastic control implications of SensorCraft. The wind tunnel model was mounted on a pitch and plunge device to allow the model to 'fly' in the wind tunnel. This paper presents the LQG (Linear Quadratic Gaussian) control design philosophy as well as the results from the SensorCraft wind tunnel model experiment. LQG control design was chosen as one of the methods used to design controllers for the wind tunnel model because it is a quick way to design controllers with complex and changing models. This test builds upon the previous HiLDA test of a SensorCraft model also done at the Langley TDT.


An incompressible electrically conducting fluid is contained in a torus of rectangular cross section. A uniform magnetic field is maintained along the polar axis of the tube. A radial electric field is suddenly applied, causing the fluid to flow through the tube. Over‐all properties such as the time required to reach steady state, resistance and capacitance are calculated, and an equivalent electrical circuit is given.


Existence theorems on optimal controls for systems with distributed parameters and with trajectories given by a general operator of the form up(t, w, v) are proved. A set of quasiregular functionals is chosen as a criterion of optimality of the process. Such a choice essentially exhausts the cases which are practically interesting in applications.


MODERN ALGERIA BEARS VARIOUS STIGMATA OF RADICALISM. ITS struggle for national liberation was one of exceptional severity, involving untold and incalculable suffering and sacrifices. Only Vietnam can surpass it; no other ex-colonial country can equal it. After independence, the commanding heights of the economy, and even a very significant part of the rural sector, passed into one form or another of socialist ownership, including the important experiments in auto-gestion (workers' self-administration), in both industrial and agricultural enterprises. In foreign policy, the hostility of its government to what it holds to be remaining forms of colonialism has been serious and sustained. Internally, the regime is relatively egalitarian and rather puritanical and earnest, by any standards. The Algerians look to their own efforts for the betterment of their condition. All these traits - a heroic struggle for liberation, followed by a good deal of socialism and a general earnest radicalism, ought to have made Algeria a place of pilgrimage for the international Left. It is well known that the promised land must be somewhere. Algeria had as good a claim as Russia, China, Yugoslavia, Cuba, Vietnam, to be at least considered for such a role. In fact, Algeria found in Frantz Fanon the thinker or poet of this vision. Though not a native of Algeria, he identified with the Algerian national cause and died whilst serving it, and became its internationally renowned theoretician.


The aim of this paper is to explore the possibility of improving production indicators by means of the application of lean production techniques, developed through Kaizen-Blitz teams made up of managers and operators. To this end, the empirical research will consist of the description of the results obtained in 11 industrial companies from the automotive components industry. In each of the companies, we have followed up different inter ventions over a 9-12 month period. We shall present the initial situation; the activities carried out by the company and the evolution of the manufacturing performance approximately three months after the activities are finished. This will enable us to draw favourable conclusions on these interventions and we shall discuss the degree of congruence with previous research on the subject.


Titrations of B(C6F5)3 (1) with water, in toluene-d8 solution, monitored by 19F and 1H NMR at 196 K, showed first the formation of the adduct [(C6F5)3B(OH2)] (2) and then its stepwise transformation into the two aqua species [(C6F5)3B(OH2)]·H2O (3) and [(C6F5)3B(OH2)]·2H2O (4) containing, respectively, one or two water molecules hydrogen-bonded to the protons of the B-bound water molecule. The NMR data show that in each titration step only two species were present in significant concentration:  1 and 2 up to 1 equiv, 2 and 3 between 1 and 2 equiv, 3 and 4 between 2 and 3 equiv. Above 3 equiv the solutions rapidly attained saturation and phase separation occurred (although there was evidence of interaction of 4 with more water molecules). Titrations at room temperature indicated an analogous stepwise course. Variable-temperature experiments demonstrated water exchange between the different aqua species and between the different water sites in the adducts 3 and 4 ("internal" or B-bound and "external" or H-b...


A plastein was synthesized with α-chymotrypsin from a dialyzable fraction of a peptic hydrolysate of soybean protein.The plastein was obtainable also by use of an insoluble preparation of α-chymotrypsin. This may rule out the possibility that the plastein is a product resulting from some chemical peptide-protein (enzyme) aggregation.No appreciable amount of the plastein was produced when chymotrypsinogen was used instead of α-chymotrypsin.The plastein synthetic, as well as the protein hydrolytic, activity of α-chymotrypsin was inhibited more or less by a hydrophobic inhibitor (n-hexane), a competitive inhibitor (benzolyl-d,l-phenylalanine), and divalent cations (Zn2+, Hg2+ and Cu2+); the degree of inhibition in each case was approximately similar against both the synthetic and the hydrolytic activities.Either diisopropylphosphorylation of the β-O of Ser-195 or methylation of the 3-N of His-57 imidazole of α-chymotrypsin repressed the synthetic, as well as the hydrolytic, activity.Based on these results a ...


Jose Ma. Sison entered progressive political activism as a young university graduate at the close of the 1950s. At that time, the Philippine revolutionary movement of the 1940s and early 1950s known as the Huk rebellion had been decisively crushed, but anti-imperialist and patriotic anti-clerical sentiment was being articulated by the great nationalist Senator Claro M. Recto.This article can also be found at the Monthly Review website, where most recent articles are published in full.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.


The paper presents a method to estimate the glycine content from salt aqueous solutions based on standard adding of salt repeated activity coefficients measurement. An original program for data mining is presented. The program execution shows that the glycine content can be predicted from mean ionic activity coefficients in the presence of glycine at room chamber temperature. The original program was build up on PHP technology and can run via HTTP service at the address: http://academicdirect.ro/virtual_library/molecular_topology/data_mining/


Existing imaging spectrometers are based either on precision-ruled diffraction gratings or thin holographic gratings. Both rely on angular dispersion of the gratings and require sufficient length (1 m) to achieve high (i.e., subangstrom) resolution. As a result, these devices are bulky, expensive, and inconvenient in field conditions. Volume Bragg gratings, on the other hand, rely on spectral selectivity of thick holograms that produce a single diffraction order and suppress all higher orders. This means that long paths are not necessary to achieve high spectral resolution, which depends on the thickness of the grating instead.


o i uestion: A 34-year-old man with a history of idioathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (IRF) and peptic ulcer disase presented to the hospital complaining of several pisodes of melena and 1 episode of hematemesis that ay. He denied any abdominal pain, heartburn, dysphaia, or hematochezia. He also denied taking any nonsteoidal anti-inflammatory drugs, aspirin, or alcohol. IRF had been diagnosed 7 years earlier based on imagng and exploratory laparotomy findings. His course had een complicated by chronic obstructive renal disease, hich was treated with bilateral ureteral stent placement. e was initially placed on prednisone, but he was witched to azathioprine 3 years ago after developing a leeding gastric ulcer. For the past 3 years he took azahioprine and a proton pump inhibitor daily without any astrointestinal symptoms. Upon arrival at the hospital, the patient's hemogloin was 8.6 g/dL and platelet count was 53,000. Images rom a recent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of he abdomen, which had been performed for IRF sureillance, are shown. These images reveal bilateral ureeral stents, splenomegaly (Figure A, black arrow), an bnormal splenic vein (Figure A, white arrow), and a oft tissue mass encasing the distal aorta and bilateral ommon iliac arteries (Figure B, white arrows). What is he problem? See the GASTROENTEROLOGY web site (www.gastrojournal. rg) for more information on submitting your favorite mage to Clinical Challenges and Images in GI. DANIEL L. COHEN, MD Division of Gastroenterology New York University Medical Center New York, New York


In this paper, a new method of texture synthesis is presented by combining KL transform with wavelet transform. When synthesizing colored image, the existed color distortion is overcame by using KL transform; the best matching patch is only searched in the low frequency part through the two-dimensional wavelet composition to the sample made, thereby enhancing the synthesis velocity. When searching the best matching patch, the result of multiresolution wavelet transform is used to measuring metric. To enhance the matching of the texture structure information, the high frequency coefficient is endued with more weight than the low frequency coefficient when comparing the difference of the two texture patches. The experiment shows that not only the synthesis time is decreased in great degree, but also the synthesis quality is fine.


The measurement and protection of underwater explosion shock waves are analyzed in the project of Three Gorges Project's Ⅲ-phase upstream roll compact concrete cofferdam demolition.The results show that much more explosive is used to break concrete,and the probability of the formation of bubbles is reduced,so there is no phenomenon of bubble pulsation in test results.The peak of shock waves in the water comes mainly from two adjacent cofferdams which are up to the measurement points,but the process of shock waves is not obvious about the other cofferdams with a larger angle between the measurement points,so shock wave travel is highly directional in the water.


The absorption spectrum of NaCl-Tl, Mn (the Mn/sup 2//sup +/ do not exhibit additional absorption bands). and the emission spectrum in the region of / sup 1/S/sub 0/-/sup 3/P/sub 1/ transitions in Tl ions are given. The emission spectrum exhibits two main bands, /sup 3/P yields /sup 1/ S/sub 0/ in Tl ions and /sup 4/G yields /sup 6/S in Mn/sup 2//sup +/ ions, and one unresolved band approx equal 370 m mu corresponding to a Tl second center. All the bands appear in the post phosphorescence spectra. The data confirm sensitized phosphorescence in NaCl-Tl, Mn systems. (R.V.J.)


: Damping-off disease is caused by Pythium sp., Phytophthora sp., Rhizoctonia sp., and Fusarium sp., and affects seedlings at the nursery stage. Phytophthora and Pythium cell walls contain cellulose. The current study aimed to determine potential use of cellulase extracts of selected fungal species i.e. Talaromyces sp., Trichoderma sp . , Aspergillus sp., A. niger , and Penicillium oxallicum to suppress these pathogens and to investigate the potential use of fungal co-culture extracts with the highest cellulase activity for seed treatment to control damping-off. The impact of cellulase extracts on pathogen growth was determined by agar well diffusion method. For seed treatment, tomato seeds were soaked in cellulase extracts from the selected co-culture for 24 h and were sown in pathogens inoculated soil samples. Cellulase extracts of Trichoderma and Aspergillus suppressed Phytophthora growth with 63% and 57% of inhibition percentages respectively. When seeds were treated with Talaromyces sp.+ Aspergillus sp.+ P. oxallicum co-culture extracts, the highest seedling emergence percentage was observed in Phytophthora sp. Fusarium sp., and four-pathogen mixture-inoculated soils respectively. Lowest disease incidence was observed in Phytophthora sp. inoculated soil. Results show the potential of cellulolytic fungal species; Trichoderma sp., Aspergillus sp., and co-culture of Talaromyces sp.+ Aspergillus sp.+ P. oxallicum in suppression of Phytophthora sp. a common causative agent of damping-off.


Diphenyl-diazene and its derivative bis[(1,1′)-biphenyl-4-yl]diazene were found to have innovative technological applications when arranged in self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). This is due to their switching capability after photoisomerization that is preserved also when they are in a close-packed assembly over the metal surface forming SAMs. One of the possible phenomena that may hinder the photoisomerization process is the intermolecular excitonic transfer. Understanding this possibility is therefore of the utmost importance. For doing so, we tackled a quantum mechanical (QM) study that begins from the exploration of the electronic excited state properties of a single molecule, to the intermolecular exciton couplings computed at different theory levels, until the excitonic diffusion dynamics, evaluated both within a frozen SAM portion and as an average along a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation.


Today in an advanced world, accident is weighed as significant problems of developing and developed countries (1). Work-related accident in compared with other accident imposes more severe human and economic costs on societies. For example, daily an average 6,000 people die because of occupational incidents and illnesses and totally number of 2.2 million people per year (2). Studies in the arena of industrial incidents have shown that human factor has the main role in incidents, with 60 to 90 percent of incidents occurring as a consequence of human errors and mistakes (3). Therefore, preventing incidents is an essential for the existence of organizations. This involves rooting out causes of an incident, including unsafe human actions, unsafe conditions and natural catastrophes, among which insecure human behaviors have the main part (88%) (4). Human error as one of A-R-T-I-C-L-EI-N-F-O A-B-S-T-R-A-C-T Article Notes: Received: May 24, 2018 Received in revised form: Sep 10, 2018 Accepted: Sep 19, 2018 Available Online: Oct 7, 2018 Background & Aims of the Study: Today, in many sensitive occupational environments, human error can lead to catastrophic events. Given that the sensitive task of a control area operator, which in the occurrence of malfunction or failure leads to irreparable events, it is important to predict human errors to reduce its adverse consequences. Therefore, the present study was perform by aiming to identify human error of the control room operators in a pipe company of Ahvaz in 2017 using by using human error rate prediction technique. Materials and Methods: After numerous questions from the personnel and observing event sheets, important jobs were identified and then the Hierarchy Task Analysis, critical tasks was carried out and finally, the likelihood of human error in every of the critical tasks was decided by means of the THERP technique. Results: Totally 5 main tasks and 21 subtasks were analyzed. Most of the errors recognized in this company were functional and among which factors affecting fatigue performance by 19.67% and experience by 18.03% and the training by 16.39% were the most influential factors. Conclusion: According that maximum of the identified errors are functional, so targeted training courses for personnel and the try to employ people with relevant education and experience can be effective in reducing probability of human error. Also, planning for shift workers can be effective in reducing fatigue.


The thriving of profaning emperor novels is caused by many factors from tapes in the mid-and late-Ming Dynasty,and the operation of political power of the court is one of them,which contains emperors' actions,officials' actions and the spoilage of political structure.These novels badly damages the majesty,which was not good for state and good for the development of novels.


This study was designed to investigate the effects of using fortified composite cassava stump meal (FCCSM) as energy source in the diets of broiler chickens using organ, haematology and biochemical indices as response criteria. 5 diets were formulated in which FCCSM was added at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% inclusion levels to replace maize and designated diets I, II, III, IV and V, respectively. 150 chicks were assigned to 5 diets 3 replicates with 10 chicks per replicate in a Completely Randomized Design. At the end of the experiment, 2 birds per replicate were slaughtered and their blood collected for haematology and serum studies. Organ weights of the slaughtered birds were also measured. All data were subjected to analysis of variance. Results showed that among all the organ weights measured, only the liver, lung and proventriculus were Original Research Article Ojambati et al.; AJRAVS, 5(4): 1-8, 2020; Article no.AJRAVS.56564 2 significantly (P < 0.05) influenced by the dietary treatments. Among all the haematological parameters measured, the Mean Cell Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), Mean Cell Haemoglobin (MCH), lymphocytes and basophils were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the dietary treatments. For the serum biochemical indices measured, the albumin (ALB) and albumin/globulin (ALB/GLO) ratio were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the dietary treatments. Generally, there was no deleterious effect of the dietary treatments on the organ weights, haematological and biochemical indices of the broiler chickens. Consequently, it was recommended that FCCSM could be included up to 20% in the diets for broiler-chickens without adverse effects.


A new merit function of complementarity problem was constructed,and we equivalently trans-formed mathematical programs with complementarity constraints into general constrained optimization problems.Then,the trust region method was provided,and the global convergence was shown.


We introduce tensor network contraction algorithms for counting
satisfying assignments of constraint satisfaction problems (#CSPs). We
represent each arbitrary #CSP formula as a tensor network, whose full
contraction yields the number of satisfying assignments of that formula,
and use graph theoretical methods to determine favorable orders of
contraction. We employ our heuristics for the solution of #P-hard
counting boolean satisfiability (#SAT) problems, namely monotone
#1-in-3SAT and
#Cubic-Vertex-Cover, and find that they
outperform state-of-the-art solvers by a significant margin.