The main purpose of this study was to analysis of the structural relationship between early adolescents` social relationships, self esteem, life satisfaction, and school adjustment. Data harvested from the Korean Youth Panel Survey 2010 was analyzed by means of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results indicate that the model is appropriate in terms of goodness of fit and significant path based on the validation procedure. According to the model, the social relationships have some degree of influence upon self esteem which then goes on to have a subsequent effect on life satisfaction; which in turn have a further influence on school adjustment. Social relationships also have a direct influence on life satisfaction, school adjustment, and self esteem has a direct influence on school adjustment. The paper concludes with an outline of the implications of the present study for future studies on this subject.


In this report on pre-professional practices, the objective is to determine the causes of inventory differences in the warehouse area of a drugstore, as well as the corrective and preventive measures for the differences in the inventory of pharmaceutical products. This was done through a descriptive, transversal and retrospective design, based on a procedure proposed by the Drugstore. According to what has been done, it shows us that the cause of the difference in surplus inventory with the highest percentage is due to an order error sent of less (36.7%), followed by an error in entering the system (33.3%), returns error (13.3%) , exit error in the system (10%) and finally failure of addition and subtraction of kardex (6.7%).As for the causes of missing inventory differences with a higher percentage, it is due to an order error sent by others (40%), followed by an outgoing error in the system (20%), error when generating credit note for return (20%) , error of entry into the system (10%) and due to a poor count of products at the reception (10%).Finally, corrective measures were implemented, such as discount to warehouse personnel and updating of the stock through physical adjustment, as well as preventive measures, training of warehouse personnel in inventory and stock control, triple checking in the area of packing and dispatch, also order and assignment of shelves to each operator for the realization of a biweekly inventory


Manipulations of the intestinal microbiota composition may improve the health and performance of chickens. In ovo technology allows the administration of a bioactive substance to enter directly into the incubating egg. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of in ovo administered prebiotics or synbiotics on microbial activity products in the caeca and the development of the small intestine of broiler chickens. Ross 308 male chickens hatched from eggs injected in ovo with prebiotics or synbiotics were used in this study. Five experimental groups were formed: C (Control) – injected with 0.9% NaCl, the Pre-1 and Pre-2 groups – injected with prebiotics: inulin or Bi2tos, respectively, and the Syn-1 and Syn-2 groups – injected with synbiotics: inulin with Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis IBB SL1 or Bi2tos with Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris IBB SC1, respectively. At the age of 7, 21 and 35 days, 10 chicks of each group were randomly selected, weighed and slaughtered, and the jejunal samples were collected for histological examinations, whereas caecal samples were collected to analyse the end products of microbial fermentation. Synbiotic treatment increased bodyweight, as observed in the Syn-1 group (P < 0.05). The propionate molar proportion was highest in the groups treated with synbiotics, especially in the Syn-1 group (P < 0.01). Furthermore, the molar proportion of acetate was also lowest in the Syn-1 group (P < 0.05). In ovo synbiotics treatment increased the villus length : crypt depth ratio in the jejunal mucosa, which might improve nutrient absorption and contribute to the increased weight of chickens. These effects suggest that the in ovo administration of synbiotics may be an effective method to increase bodyweight, improve the short-chain fatty acid caecal profile and increase the villus length : crypt depth ratio in the jejunal mucosa. These effects were more pronounced in the Syn-1 group than the Syn-2 group.


Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are multifactorial and predisposed by several risk factors. CVDs prevalence is attributed to cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) such as hypertension, obesity, diabetes, ageing, gender and genetics. The specificity of CRFs to the habitat and lifestyle modification has differential CVDs outcomes. In the present cross-sectional study, we aimed at finding the prevalence of CRFs in an urban population. We also assessed the role of ACE I/D polymorphism, age and gender in CRFs susceptibility. Forty-four adult subjects, permanent residents of Chandigarh, India, were recruited in the present study. Anthropometric, physiological and demographic data were collected and analyzed. More than half of the subjects were having obesity and high blood pressure. Hyperglycemia was present in 43.9% of the subjects. Among ACE I/D genotypes, DD (45.5%) was followed by II (31.8%) and ID (22.7%), with a significant deviation from Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium. The high trends of CRFs depict that cardiovascular disease risk is very high in the present population of Chandigarh, India. The age might be one factor for this surge as subjects >45 years displayed enhancement in combined CRFs. Urbanization might be another possible reason for CRFs surge. Gender and ACE I/D polymorphism was not associated with CRFs in the present study. Though their trend exhibited a possible association, the ACE DD genotype has the lowest frequency among combined CRFs and females have a high frequency of CRFs. The most critical point of this study is the alarming/exponential increase in CRFs in Chandigarh. A study with bigger sample size is warranted regarding CRFs to identify the reasons for their surge in Chandigarh, India.


In this thesis the role of a new innovative procedure, which replaces the chordae tendineae percutaneously, is discussed. This role is evaluated by identifying and classifying the benefits and risks of three different treatment options: conventional surgery, minimally invasive treatments, and the new innovative procedure. The identification of the benefits and risks was done through an extensive literature research. Classification was done through expert sollicitation and a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA), combined with scenarios. The MCDA process was performed via a simplified version of Direct Rating, with some elements of the ELECTRE method. Following these steps, it can be concluded that the benefits of the new procedure are considered least important out of the three treatment options. This could mean that the respondents do not consider these benefits to be distinctive or innovative enough. However, the risks are considered least important as well. This would mean that these risks are not considered to be important enough to put a halt on further development and implementation. With further testing and a demonstration of positive long-term results, the innovative procedure could be adopted into clinical practice succesfully.


MoS2 is known to possess promising catalytic properties toward the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, current synthetic procedures of nanostructured MoS2-based materials with high-density active edge sites are tedious and require high temperatures, costly instrumentation, and often rather toxic solvents. The electrochemical deposition (ED) of molybdenum sulfide films from solution-based precursors represents a more-viable approach, which also enables the fabrication of micronanostructured films through solid template assistance. Here, we investigate the catalytic properties of different molybdenum sulfide films prepared via electrodeposition from aqueous and organic solution of the tetrathiomolybdate precursor. A template-assisted deposition was employed to prepare nanostructured porous films and hollow spherical microstructures, using submicrometer- and micrometer-sized polystyrene particles, respectively. All fabricated structures demonstrated catalytic performances with recorded overpotentials...


The poems dedicated to temples and monks in Jin Dynasty reflect the penetration and merging of Buddhism and Zen into literature.Such kind of poems consists of three major types: expression of yearning for pure land and worshipping Buddhism and Zen by dedication towards a temple stele and by describing the surrounding environment;expression of feelings on worldly affairs and of temperament by the same means;and expression of profound feelings and friendship between literati and monks and of yearning for Buddhism and Zen by the poems.Although these poems reflect different profoundness in understanding of Buddhism,they all reflect the notable influence on poems in Jin Dynasty by Buddhism and Zen.


The discussion in this paper centres around the development by S. R. Ovshinsky, an American entrepreneur who has undergone no formal scientific training, of a new kind of semiconductor switch which, in contrast to the transistor, is based on randomly ordered amorphous (glassy) materials. It deals with three interrelated sets of propositions. Firstly, that there developed over the announcement by Ovshinsky of his work, a controversy of considerable bitterness and duration among certain solid state physicists and, to some extent, throughout the wider scientific community. Secondly, that there was some doubt expressed by the solid state physicists about the nature and significance of the results claimed by Ovshinsky. Thirdly, that in promoting and publicising his work Ovshinsky contravened some of the norms and values of the scientific community and that it was this, primarily, that precipitated the controversy. In the final section of this paper, we attempt to discuss the controversy in terms of the exchange-recognition model put forward by Hagstrom and others.' We consider that the controversy over Ovonic devices might be of interest to those concerned with the social dimensions of science and technology because it can be regarded as a striking example of an attempt at scientific innovation by an 'outsider' (i.e. someone with no formal scientific training) in an area of scientific activity which is highly structured in both the types of problems it undertakes and in its methods of tackling them, and boasts many scientists of international standing. As such, a case study of Ovshinsky and the devices which bear his name, will, we hope, make a useful contribution to our understanding of the social behaviour of the scientific community when its norms and values have been contravened. For as Merton has pointed out, social behaviour under such circumstances is particularly revealing:


Background: Cicatricial alopecia is an irreversible cosmetic insult resulting primarily from a disease or infection or secondarily from a physical injury. In recent times, the advent of hair transplantation has provided hope for patients suffering from cicatricial alopecia allowing great respite from the social embarrassment these people have to face at the hands of this disfiguring disease. Objective: To assess the feasibility of hair transplant in patients with cicatricial alopecia and evaluate the cosmetic improvement in terms of patient satisfaction. Materials and Methods: A total of 11 patients of cicatricial alopecia underwent autologous hair transplant by follicular unit extraction method over a period of 2 years. Results and Conclusion: Hair transplant forms a feasible option for patients with cicatricial alopecia with excellent cosmetic results and high patient satisfaction.


Clinical support systems are affected by the issue of high variance in terms of chronic disorder prognosis. This uncertainty is one of the principal causes for the demise of large populations around the world suffering from some fatal diseases such as chronic kidney disease (CKD). Due to this reason, the diagnosis of this disease is of great concern for healthcare systems. In such a case, machine learning can be used as an effective tool to reduce the randomness in clinical decision making. Conventional methods for the detection of chronic kidney disease are not always accurate because of their high degree of dependency on several sets of biological attributes. Machine learning is the process of training a machine using a vast collection of historical data for the purpose of intelligent classification. This work aims at developing a machine-learning model that can use a publicly available data to forecast the occurrence of chronic kidney disease. A set of data preprocessing steps were performed on this dataset in order to construct a generic model. This set of steps includes the appropriate imputation of missing data points, along with the balancing of data using the SMOTE algorithm and the scaling of the features. A statistical technique, namely, the chi-squared test, is used for the extraction of the least-required set of adequate and highly correlated features to the output. For the model training, a stack of supervised-learning techniques is used for the development of a robust machine-learning model. Out of all the applied learning techniques, support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF) achieved the lowest false-negative rates and test accuracy, equal to 99.33% and 98.67%, respectively. However, SVM achieved better results than RF did when validated with 10-fold cross-validation.


The effect of the anti-oxidant (hydroquinone) on the breakdown voltage of palm olein samples was studied. The oil samples had different acid values resulting from the different degrees of neutralization treatments given. The hydroquinone addition ranged from 0.23 to 1.13 weight percent of the oil.
The hydroquinone had a positive effect on the breakdown voltage of the oil samples. The increase in the breakdown voltage was rapid at low concentrations of the hydroquinone with the increase tending towards an asymptotic value at higher concentrations. the effect of the hydroquinone on the breakdown voltage was also dependent on the acid value of the oil. Oil samples with lower acid values had sharper increases in their breakdown voltages. Percentage increase in the breakdown voltage of 66.67(vis-a-vis the additive-less samples) was recorded for oil sample of acid value of 1.515 mg KOH/g oil and containing 0.45% by weight hydroquinone.These results show that the one major problem (oxidative stability) in the use of vegetable oil as transformer oil can be overcome without an adverse effect on their electrical properties.
Key words: Breakdown voltage, Anti-oxidant, Palm olein, Neutralization, Acid value.
[Global Jnl Engineering Res. Vol.1(1) 2002: 23-30]


Through analyzing the requirements of Anhui rural informatization,some existing problems in the construction of rural informatization at present were discussed.On this basis,several countermeasures for speeding up the informatization development were put forward.


An autonomous self-sustained ~24 h oscillation of metabolic activity functions as a physiological clock to allow living systems seasonal adaptation of behaviour, like flowering or hibernation. Until recently circadian rhythms were considered to be a characteristic of eukaryotic cells despite a very early report by Halberg on the observation of a circadian rhythm in E. coli. With the detection of circadian oscillations of metabolic activity in Synechococcus, circadian rhythmicity has proven to exist on all levels of biological organisation from prokaryotic cells to unicellular eukaryotes to higher plants, animals and man. Circadian rhythmicity is an in viva feature of living cells and cannot be observed in vitro. Higher frequency oscillations, however, can be found in many biochemical reactions in vitro as well as in viva. This overview on rhythmic organisation of metabolism in living systems will discuss how macro-parameters like pH, ionic balances (osmos), redox state and phosphorylation potential or hydrophobicity control metabolic functions like photosynthesis, respiration, nitrogen fixation. The temporal control of metabolic pathways involves oscillatory networks in transcription, translation or posttranslational modulation of protein structure and function. Changes in macroparameter status are due to precise feedback networks in basic metabolism leading to a circadian rhythm in overall energy metabolism and thus in metabolic control of timing. Multifactorial changes in environmental conditions like light intensity and -quality, temperature, water status, ionic balances, pressure, etc. are transduced into a network of intracellular signal processing leading to a combinatorial interaction of transcription factors and outputs with cell-, tissue- and organ-specific response-patterns. Compartmentation is coupled to vectorial metabolism and electron transport and the involvement of membrane pores and ion channels. The generation of specific changes in membrane potential can be expected. The physical state of membranes is involved in the transduction of temperature signals and the control of expression of nuclear, mitochondrial and plastid genes which also can be modulated by photoreceptors like the red / far red reversible phytochromes, the blue / UV-A and the UV-B photoreceptors and the feeding of sugars. Membrane-bound processes are controlling and vice versa are controlled by voltage gated ion channels and pores, giving rise to an overall electro-chemical-hydraulic integration of organs and the whole organism on the basis of Mitchell's chemiosmotic theory of energy transduction. The electrophysiological integration offers the possibility for characterisation of cells, organs and organisms by electrophysiogrammes as a means for non-invasive continuous in vivo monitoring of physiology and behaviour.


Future ship power systems require improved methods to achieve the objectives of flexible/reconfigurable power delivery, robust fault management and improved power quality for loads. A DC integrated fight through power (IFTP) system achieves this increased survivability goal through the use of in-line power conversion, where all of the ship service power is delivered to the zonal loads through staged power conversion. A new AC IFTP system is proposed in this paper, which results from the application of the industrial power-conditioning approach to shipboard power systems. The system architecture is presented and survivability modes are analyzed. Two power conditioning devices are vital to the effective operation of the AC IFTP and these are discussed and simulated in detail. After preliminary analysis, the power conditioning centric AC IFTP system promises reduced size and weight as the converter ratings are reduced. Further analysis is required to quantify these tradeoffs between survivability and weight for the AC IFTP system so that actual weight loss can be identified.


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The goal of helioseismology is to provide accurate information about the Sun's interior from the observations of the wave field at its surface. In the last three decades, both global and local helioseismology studies have made significant advances and breakthroughs in solar physics. However, 3-d mapping of the structure and dynamics of sunspots and active regions below the surface has been a challenging task and is among the long standing and intriguing puzzles in solar physics due to the complexity of the turbulent and dynamic nature of magnetized regions. In this review, I present some of the recent results relevant for helioseismology of sunspots and active regions obtained from high resolution observations, forward modeling and numerical simulations.


When finding exact answers to a query over a large database is infeasible, it is natural to approximate the query by a more efficient one that comes from a class with good bounds on the complexity of query evaluation. In this paper we study such approximations for conjunctive queries. These queries are of special importance in databases, and we have a very good understanding of the classes that admit fast query evaluation, such as acyclic, or bounded (hyper)treewidth queries.
 We define approximations of a given query Q as queries from one of those classes that disagree with Q as little as possible. We mostly concentrate on approximations that are guaranteed to return correct answers. We prove that for the above classes of tractable conjunctive queries, approximations always exist, and are at most polynomial in the size of the original query. This follows from general results we establish that relate closure properties of classes of conjunctive queries to the existence of approximations. We also show that in many cases, the size of approximations is bounded by the size of the query they approximate. We establish a number of results showing how combinatorial properties of queries affect properties of their approximations, study bounds on the number of approximations, as well as the complexity of finding and identifying approximations. We also look at approximations that return all correct answers and study their properties.


This paper presents the results of a study on the influence of the addition of digestate (DG) sludge from an agricultural biogas plant on the mechanical properties of the coating obtained from thermoplastic starch (TPS). The dried, fragmented digestate, some of which had previously undergone ultrasound treatment, is used in the study. Biocomposites are produced by the pouring method using Teflon moulds as matrices. The physicomechanical study included the determination of the basic parameters of the materials obtained. Strength parameters, the contact angle, thermogravimetric properties (TGA), colour and colour difference and moisture absorption are determined. Photographs of the surface of the samples are taken with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) as well. It is found that the addition of the digestate has an advantageous effect on improving the physical and mechanical parameters. In general, samples with digestate also have a higher strength compared to the pure TPS material. The highest tensile strength and Young's modulus are found in samples with the 14 wt% addition of ultrasound-treated digestate. On the basis of this study, it can be concluded that the addition of digestate is a promising approach for the production of TPS biocomposites with superior mechanical properties.


Recently, there has been a growing interest in the development of photoacoustic flow measuring methods aimed to study microvascular blood flow in deep tissue. Here, we describe a method of M-mode photoacoustic flow imaging, where a photoacoustic microscope equipped with a high repetition rate pulsed dye laser is used. As a demonstration, we studied the flow of a diluted suspension of carbon glassy particles in a small tube, and extracted the flow profile. Potentially, the method can be applied to detect the blood flow in microvessels either directly or by injecting optically absorbing particles.


Planning pedestrian environments requires assumptions about how pedestrians will respond to characteristics of the environment as they formulate and enact their walking itineraries. As a consequence, most research interest in public environments focuses on behavior in relation to those characteristics. For example, there is a substantial body of descriptive and typological studies of pedestrian environments. Metric, geometric, and topological models have proved useful in characterizing density and direction of movement. The need to understand the mechanism of choice has prompted microscale and laboratory-based research on exploratory spatial behavior within walking districts. Studies of behavior in relation to comfort, the way in which images of places impinge on choices, and how dynamic and serial experience of the city affects individual itineraries have all developed as specialized fields of understanding. In general, studies of pedestrian environment dynamics have both diversified and multiplied as its systems and methodologies are adapted for planning other environments.


This article questions the links between ethics and sustainable development in Cameroonian SMEs. To this aim, a case study was conducted in three SMEs to emphasize the relationships and interrelationships between the two concepts. The in-depth study carried out demonstrated the definition of the two concepts by practitioners, then showed the path of ethical claims to sustainable development. Indeed, the progressive intention of the role of ethics, the company's ethical vocation, and ethical practice through certain virtues, strengthen the implementation and validation of concerns for sustainable development. It thus appears that the two concepts influence each other and contribute to improving, not only governance in SMEs through the development of structures, processes and behaviors, but also their competitive perspective.


Financial inclusion as a public policy goal has become increasingly relevant for central banks, especially in emerging markets and developing economies, while the transformation of retail payment services has made them a digital gateway to the financial system. The payment aspects of financial inclusion (PAFI) framework, set up by the Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures and the World Bank in 2016, recommends a set of actions to spur financial inclusion by means of improvements in the retail payment systems. We use this framework to assess the implementation of recent payments policies and actions by Latin American and Caribbean central banks to contribute to financial inclusion. Our unique data set contains qualitative information from nine central banks that self-assessed against the PAFI framework, identifying relevant country-specific aspects of implementation for this framework. We also present a probit model to determine the relevance of selected features related to the implementation of PAFI by these central banks. Our econometric results show short-term actions are more likely to be implemented. Our model also shows the regulatory and oversight roles of the central bank contribute positively toward implementing PAFI actions. Further, our model shows that technological challenges are less of a barrier to implementation than legal and market challenges. We propose alternative approaches to advance PAFI-related actions for central banks in emerging markets and developing economies. Finally, our work contributes to the literature on retail payments and financial inclusion by identifying relevant features for the implementation of payment actions toward financial inclusion using the PAFI framework.


Transport studies suggest that investments in urban roads have been justified in terms of easing congestion, saving time and energy, increasing safety, improving social and environmental outcomes and e nhancing economic development of a city. Investments in urban roads may have many advantages as they may expand services and improve mobility and, if sustained over time, may contribute to the economic development. However, critics argue that continuous investments in urban roads result in additional traffic and ultimately increase congestion and parking problems which have reverse development impacts. These arguments challenge the conventional arguments about the economic benefits of road investments in urban areas. This paper aims to identify the policy objectives and key arguments regarding road investments in New Zealand and Pakistan. Transport policy documents at national, regional/provincial and local levels, from both the countries, have been critically assessed utilising deep policy analysis and a "compare and contrast approach". Empirical policy objectives behind road investments in Lahore, Pakistan, and Wellington, New Zealand, have been analyzed. The purpose of such a comparison is to develop some understanding about the comparative transport policy issues in developed and developing countries. The paper investigates whether the factors linking transport investment with economic development have been completely met or not in the transport policies of two countries. It suggests "lack of capacity" as the main reason behind incoherent transport policies in Pakistan. The paper concludes by questioning the role of power-dynamics and interest groups in formulating transport policies in New Zealand and Pakistan.


AbstractBackground: COVID-19 pandemic considered a worldwide and social emergency that requires the application of strict measures to prevent the fast spread of the disease. Health Care Workers (HCWs) compliance to control measures is affected and determined by their Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) towards the virus Aim of work: To evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice among HCWs towards COVID 19 Methods: A cross-sectional study was done To evaluate KAP among HCWs towards COVID 19 the study involve a sample of online Health care staff in which they shared by sending an invitation link across the available social media seeking to react and answer the questionnaire (Survey Monkey tool) was sent Results: The majority of respondents were female 82 (77.4%). Most of them 66 (64.4%) were nurses, 28 (26.4%) were pharmacists and 10 (9.4%) were physicians. Mean age and standard deviation (SD) 30.10 ± 5.25 year. About (79.2%), (84.8%) and (91.7%) of the participants (nurses, pharmacists and physicians) were within the accepted knowledge range respectively. The majority of the HCWs had accepted attitude (78.6% -100%) towards the successful control of COVID-19, majority of the HCWs had healthy practice and preventive measures given by local health care authorities (85.3% - 100% -100%) of the nurses, pharmacists and physicians respectively Conclusion and recommendations: Our results ensured the need to assess the KAP towards COVID-19 among the HCWs (nurses, pharmacists and physicians). This will induce an promising attitude and encourage healthy practice.


In the last few years a great number of surveys have shown that students don't like studying science and do not reach true understanding of what they have studied. Several studies on science education in Europe suggest using Inquiry-Based Science Education approach (IBSE) to reverse the decline in interest of young people in science and develop in all future citizens the scientific literacy they need for the world beyond the school. The dissemination of this approach in Italian school is limited by a number of factors, among which the large amount of time necessary to plan and then implement the activities in class, compared to the time available in relation to the curriculum and the forms of student assessment, to the increasingly large class sizes and the lack of laboratories and equipment. The aim of this research project is to promote the use of IBSE into Earth Science teaching in Italian secondary schools through the setting up of a training model for in-service science teachers which provides the implementation of inquiry-based activities in classes to assess their impact on students' learning and the feasibility of this approach. This pilot training course started in September 2012, before the beginning of the lessons, and will be over in May 2013. 8 teachers (M=2, F=6) have accepted to participate in this study on a voluntary basis. This study (pre/post-test design) will gather data before and after a 30-hours training course by means of questionnaires and interviews about: confidence regarding Earth Science teaching (pre-test and post-test); teachers' perceptions of impact of IBSE on the students; relevance, effectiveness, efficiency and impact of the training model; teachers' perceptions about struggles with inquiry teaching in secondary schools. The expected outcomes are: to elaborate an innovative and effective training model, to evaluate whether this kind of teacher training can encourage a positive perception towards IBSE and hence its use in teaching Earth Science and to set up Earth Science inquiry-based activities for Italian secondary school. Up to now an organic research has never been carried out on this topic in Italy. This is one of the first projects dealing with the teaching of Earth Sciences which we hope will contribute positively in the approach towards these disciplines in Italian schools.


RECENTLY ACCEPTED PAPERS ADLER, A, Determinateness and the pasch axiom AL-HUSSAINI, A. N., On characterizations of conditional expectation AUPETIT, B. H., Théorème de muntz pour les fonctions de plusieurs variables BACSICH, P. D., An epi-reflector for universal theories BEUERMAN, D. R., Some functional stable limit theorems BOZEL, F. and HUSAIN, T., On isomorphisms of locally convex spaces with similar biorthogonal systems BRYANT, J. and GUSEMAN, L. F., Jr., Extensions of contractive mappings and Edelsteirfs iterative test GARNER, C. W. L., HERZBERG, A. M. and SPRINGER, B. G. F., Kiss-precise sequential rotable designs GUSEMAN, L. F. Jr. and BRYANT, J., Extensions of contractive mappings and Edelsteirfs iterative test HANSON, D., On a theorem of Sylvester and Schur HARDY, G. and ROGERS, T., A generalization of a fixed point theorem of Reich HERZBERG, A. M., GARNER, C. W. L. and SPRINGER, B. G. F., Kiss-precise sequential rotable designs HUSAIN, T. and BOZEL, F., On isomorphisms of locally convex spaces with similar biorthogonal systems KAUL, S. K., On the irregular sets of a transformation group MAKAN, A., The fitting length of a finite soluble group and the number of conjugacy classes of its maximal metanipotent subgroups MALIK, M. A., Existence of solutions of abstract differential equations in a local space MEISEN, J., Pullbacks in regular categories MELZAK, Z. A., Multiple scalar transport MILLINGTON, H., Nuclear spaces of generalized test functions PETERSON, A. C , On a relation between a theorem of Hartman and a theorem of Sherman PLUMMER, M. D. and WILSON, E. L., On cycles and connectivity RAMACHANDRAMURTY, P. V. and RAO, M. S., Some comments on quantités and order statistics RAO, M. S. and RAMACHANDRAMURTY, P. V., Some comments on quantités and order statistics RISHEL, T. W., Images of class — C spaces


© Faculty of Engineering, Minoufiya University, Egypt 17 MULTIZONAL PROPORTIONAL INTEGRAL SPEED CONTROLLER FOR A DC MOTOR FED BY CUK CONVERTER *Prof. Dr. Fahim Ahmed Khalifa, ** Prof. Dr. S. S. Shokralla, *** Eng. Ibrahim Shoaib Ibrahim *Professor of Electrical Machines, Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Suez Canal University, Egypt. ** Professor of control of Electrical Machines, Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Menoufiya University, Egypt. ***Lecturer in Electrical Engineering Department, Alexandria Technical College, Higher Education Ministry, Arab Republic of Egypt ABSTRACT


This paper presents that single input single output (SISO) switched nonlinear system tracks the variation of the state error to approach the excepted values by using model reference adaptive control (MRAC) method. In order to improve the adaptive control for nonlinear systems by Using Narendra method and dividing the system into two parts: linear and nonlinear parts. The controllers are designed to guarantee that the systems are closed to the model reference system with the arbitrary switching signal. Switching systems can ensure choose the best controller so that can enhance the performance. The adaptive laws are given that are based on a class of feedback single input single output nonlinear uncertain systems which can switch feedback linear standard models. The adaptive laws are different from the classic adaptive laws, because they vary with different switching signals until the best matching one comes. Simulation results show that the proposed method is effective.


Timetable attractiveness is influenced by a set of key parameters which are described in this article. Regarding the superior structure of the timetable, the trend in Europe goes towards periodic regular interval timetables. Regular departures and focus on optimal transfer possibilities make these timetables attractive. The travel time in the timetable depends on the characteristics of the infrastructure and rolling stock, the heterogeneity of the planned train traffic and the necessary number of transfers on the passenger's journey. Planned interdependencies between trains, such as transfers and heterogeneous traffic, add complexity to the timetable. The risk of spreading initial delays to other trains and parts of the network increases with the level of timetable complexity.


Transition metal oxides Bi3T3O11(T=Os and Ru) has been synthesized and their macroscopic physical quantities have been measured. Characteristics of the observed data are reminiscent of those of heavy electron systems, though the electronic specific heat coefficient γ is not significantly large. The electrical resistivity and the specific heat of Bi3Ru3O11 suggest the possible non-Fermi liquid behavior of the electrons. It seem to be necessary, however, to consider that the Hall coefficient and the thermoelectric power, suggest the existence of the phase change at low temperature.


It is proved in this paper that several classical Banach algebras are not isomorphic to a group algebra. These algebras includes C(K) algebras where K is a compact Hausdorff space. In the case of amalgams, we give conditions for an amalgam to be a group algebra.


The growth in demand for electricity is a determining factor for the regional development. This research aimed to estimate the price and income elasticity parameters of the industrial demand for electricity in the State of Bahia, Brazil, from January 2003 to June 2022, in addition to making forecasts for the period from July to December 2022. After verifying that some of the analyzed data were non-stationary, we chose to use the cointegration method, estimating the econometric model through the Error Correction Mechanism (ECM). The ECM considers the model's variables and their lags, relating the series' short and long-run trends. The estimated parameters were inelastic and presented the following values: 0.501 and 0.762 (price and income, long-run) and 0.482 and 0.702 (price and income, short-run). The adjustment coefficient between the short and long-run was also statistically significant and indicated that approximately 8% of the difference between the effective value and the long-run value (balance value) is corrected in each period, demonstrating the rigidity of the consumption structure of electricity in the industrial sector in Bahia. The model also demonstrated an 8.1% reduction in consumption during COVID-19 incidence period. Regarding the forecasts, they proved to be robust and with an average difference of 5.4% in relation to what actually happened in the months of July and August 2022. Thus, the calculated parameters are configured as another source of information for public policymakers and private investors interested in the electricity sector in the State of Bahia.


The Netherlands join the Trans-European high-speed rail Network when the HSL-South line, connecting Amsterdam to Brussels and Paris, opens for service. This double track line is divided by the connection to Rotterdam in a northern and southern section (Fig. 1). A horizontal split in contracts has been applied between the substructure and the superstructure. The substructure which consists of for instance bridges, an aqueduct and various tunnels have been divided into different sections and built by seven mainly Dutch contracting consortia. The superstructure has been built completely by Infraspeed, a consortium consisting of Siemens, Royal BAM Group, Fluor and institutional companies Innesfree and HSBC Infrastructure. The contract has been awarded as a Design, Built, Finance and Maintenance contract (DBFM). The maintenance period is 25 years in which an availability >99% has to be achieved. After this maintenance period, an extra 5 years of normal maintenance has to be assured. This explains the importance to achieve a high initial track quality: a long lifetime of the structure must be guaranteed with a minimum of maintenance. Therefore the Rheda slab-track system of Pfleiderer Track Systems (now Rail.One) has been applied, engineered and built by Rheda 2000 v.o.f. ; a partnership consisting of BAM Civil, BAM Rail and Pfleiderer within the Infraspeed consortium. The short-wave irregularities (length-scale 0-5 m) in the track have a large impact on the required maintenance. They lead to high-frequency interaction between the train and the track, especially on a high-speed line, and generate high wheel-rail contact forces. These can lead to rapid damage or track deterioration. For the HSL-South, the geometry in the short-wave regime is entirely determined by the quality of the geometry of the welds between the straightened long-rails. The longwaves components of track irregularities are mainly responsible for passenger discomfort. This paper discusses the quality of the new HSL-South line in both aspects. The focus will be placed on the quality in the short-wave regime, the effects on the level of dynamic train-track forces and the effects on lifetime and maintenance.


This project aims to present a methodology to establish the biomass content of unused tires as a typical fuel in cement factories. To this end, between 2011–2016 samples were collected every 2 years (four surveys) to assess natural and synthetic rubber in scrap tires through the thermodynamic analysis. Ninety-six samples were used in the study, 803.6 tonnes of scrap tires, as fuel. Knowing the Spanish vehicle fleet and considering undifferentiated tires, it is possible to predict the biomass content. The methodology has also been evaluated taking into consideration mono-brand samples. The simplicity of the methodology makes it possible to apply it in different regions and countries. New materials included in current and future tires will require constant samples and an assessment of the formulae state. Lastly, the biomass content in non-conventional fuels and its use in the cement sector will reduce CO2 emissions in said sector, with significant economic implications for it is regulated by the 2003/87/EC Directive, with up to 2792.91 tonnes of CO2 reductions.


The rose tortrix moth Archips rosana (Linnaeus) is a dominant species among leafroller moths inPoland's apple orchards. The study found high levels of parasitisation of the tortrix (15.5–40.1%), with the average level of parasitisation of 24.6%, by parasitoids of the families Ichneumonidae, Chalcididae and Tachinidae. The most effective were the Ichneumonidae, which decreased the tortrix abundance by 17.2%. The rose tortrix moth was parasitised by 7 Ichneumonidae species, namely: Trichomma enecator (Rossi), Phaeogenes semivulpinu (Gravenhorsts), Exochus mitratus (Gravenhorsts), Apechthis quadridentata (Thomson), Apechthis rufata (Gmelin in Linnaeus), Itoplectis maculator (Fabricius) and Pimpla turionellae (Linnaeus). The tortrix abundance was mainly reduced by I. maculator, which parasitised 5.1–32.2% of the pupae (15% on average).


Increased availability of large amounts of address data provides opportunities for data driven studies to improve decision making in business applications and support precision public health with high resolution geolocations. Geocoding large number of addresses is challenging due to high cost and often disclosure of sensitive data to vendors over the Web. Most geocoders take advantage of Web APIs which require sending private addresses over the Internet, which may not be an option for many applications with sensitive data including public health and geo-medicine. Meanwhile, the cost for geocoding massive number of addresses could be high and becomes a major hurdle for many users. To overcome these challenges, we developed an open source on-premise geocoding software EaserGeocoder, which uses a novel integrative geocoding model to achieve high accuracy through integrating multiple open data sources. EaserGeocoder takes advantage of machine learning based approaches to determine best answers from multiple data sources. EaserGeocoder can also be easily parallelized to achieve high scalability through parallelized search and distributed computing. EaserGeocoder is on a par with commercial geocoding systems, outperforms open source systems, and is available for free.


To explore the situation of undergraduates' career maturity,447 students have been investigated with a questionnaire.The result shows that the overall level of the undergraduates' career maturity is below normal,and that there exist many differences in different genders,grades and colleges.Therefore,constant career counseling should go with different grades.


According to the existence of electric control system of oil pipe thickening production problems,puts forward the design scheme,the system design.After application,improve product processing precision,reduces the labor intensity of workers,improve the level of automation of production line and has achieved remarkable economic benefits.


The phase composition and microcrystalline structure of thin gallium nitride (GaN) grown by nitridation of (001) oriented gallium arsenide (GaAs) was investigated by near edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. The GaN layer was grown by the interaction of atomic nitrogen produced by a rf-plasma source with the clean GaAs surface at a temperature of 700 °C. In this way a GaN film thickness of ≈100 A was obtained after 6 h of nitridation. Using surface sensitive NEXAFS at the nitrogen K edge, the partial nitrogen p density of states was determined. Comparing the data to reference spectra of hexagonal and cubic GaN, the amount of cubic GaN in the nitrided film was estimated to be 20%–25%. Varying the angle of polarization of the synchrotron radiation with respect to the sample surface, the geometric anisotropy of the GaN film, and thus its crystalline structure, was probed, providing information on the orientation of the GaN microcrystallites. The results from the polarization dependent ...


The photo-elastic method has been employed to determine stress concentrations (SC) in notched plates subjected to in-plane tension combined with compression. Validation and interpretation of the fringe pattern exploits the known solution to the stress raiser in a small circular hole in equi-biaxial tension. These results also compare well with an FE prediction. This has enabled SC's to be determined experimentally for a biaxial stress ratio ≈-4 in plates containing a long, thin slot arranged to be in alignment with each stress axis. The two, principal stresses lying along axes of symmetry in the region surrounding the notch are separated from within each isochromatic fringe by the Kuske method [1]. FE provides a comparable full-field view in which contours of maximum shear stress are identified with the isochromatic fringe pattern. The principal stress distributions show maximum concentrations at the notch boundary with up to a fourfold magnification in the greater of the two applied stresses. Consequently, it is of particular importance to establish the tangential stress distributions around the slot boundary. It is shown that this can easily be achieved from the isochromatic pattern to reveal positions of maximum tension and compression.


In this research, polyethersulfone (PES)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) blend ultrafiltration hollow fiber membranes were prepared via phase inversion induced by a dry-jet wet spinning process. The membranes were characterized by water contact measurements, scanning electron microscopy analysis and permeability measurements, and fouling-resistance measurements. The results show that water contacts of the membranes are enhanced by increasing the PAN content in the spinning dope. The results of an experimental study on separation of oil from oily wastewaters are presented. The results demonstrated that the prepared PES membranes are effective in removing chemical oxygen demand (80.6%), total organic carbon (89.3%), turbidity (99.3%), total suspended solid (100%), and oil and grease content (99.7%), and final permeation flux of about 73.5 L/m2h. Also, it was found that 75/25 wt% of PES/PAN have higher mechanical strength and good separation performance. Hermia's models were used for prediction of the decline in permeation flux. Experimental data and models predictions were compared. The results showed that there is reasonable agreement between experimental data and the cake layer model followed by the intermediate blocking model.


In robotic actuation a well identified and modeled friction behavior of the actuator components helps to significantly improve friction compensation, output torque estimation, and dynamic simulations. The friction of two components, i.e. a brush-less DC motor and a harmonic drive gear (HD) is investigated in order to build an accurate dynamic model of the main actuator of the arms of the humanoid David namely the DLR Floating Spring Joint (FSJ). A dedicated testbed is built to precisely identify input and output torques, temperatures, positions, and elasticities of the investigated components at a controlled environment temperature. Extensive test series are performed in the full velocity operating range in a temperature interval from 24 to 50 °C. The nonlinear influences of velocity and temperature are identified to be dominant effects. It is proposed how to include these nonlinear velocity and temperature dependencies into a static and a dynamic friction model, e.g. LuGre. Dynamic models of the motor and HD are built with the proposed method and experimentally evaluated. The new models are compared to friction models with linear dependencies and show a significant improvement of correspondence with reality.


Dog canines were extracted carefully without injury to the enamel. The pulp was removed, and the pulp chamber cleansed of all organic debris. The teeth were sawed through at the cemento-enamel junction, and the root portions discarded. The crown was then placed in distilled water, which was changed daily for from one to two months, to wash out salts and other soluble substances in or on the structure.


Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of hysteromyoma cystectomy with gasless laparoscopy.Methods 98 cases patients with hysteromyoma were randomly divided into gasless laparoscopy group(52 cases) and gas laparoscopic group(46 cases).Gasless laparoscopy group was operated with gasless laparoscopy;Gas laparoscopic group was operated with convential laparoscopy.Observed the operation time,blood loss,anus exhaust time,hospital stay,intraoperative blood pressure,blood-gas analysis and complication,the incidence of adverse reaction in two groups.Results The operative time of gasless laparoscopy group was shorter than that of gas laparoscopic group,the difference was statistically significant(P0.05).The arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure and the remaining alkaline level of gasless laparoscopy group were better than those of gas laparoscopic group,the difference were statistically significant(P0.05);The postoperative abdominal sense of inflation and shoulder soreness and discomfort in gasless laparoscopy group was 19 cases(36.5%) less than 43 cases(93.5%) in gas laparoscopic group,the difference was statistically significant(P0.05).No fever case appeared in two groups,there was no intra-abdominal organ injurie and bleeding.After operation none of sedative was given.Conclusion The treatment of hysteromyoma cystectomy with gasless laparoscopy is effictive.It′s more security for hysteromyoma diameter≤6cm,with low incidence of postoperative complications,has better clinical value.


[Objective] The research aimed to seek the best mathematical model for describing the leaf angle of rice so as to reveal the characteristics of plant shape during the growth of rice.[Method] With the hybrid rice B You 827 as the material,the growing process of rice leaf angle was simulated by six equations(Logistic equation,gradually regression equation,conic equation,S curve equation,logistic Sendy equation and gauss equation) respectively.And the fitting effect of different equations was contrasted.[Result] The leaf growing angle of rice could be described by 6 equations respectively.And the curves were all highly significant(P0.01).The determinant coefficient simulated by Gauss equation was the highest comparatively.[Conclusion] It was found that Gauss equation was the most suitable equation for simulating the leaf insertion growing angle of rice.


Foreign Trade and Califomia's Economic Growth: A Summary of Findings and Directions for Policy Cynthia A. Kroll Fisher Center for Real Estate and Urban Economics Haas School of Business University of California at Berkeley Berkeley, CA 94720-6105 510/643-6112 email@example.com (Seventh and last in a series of working papers on the general topic of Foreign Trade and California 's Growth, by Dwight M. Jaffee, Cynthia A. Kroll, Ashok Deo Bardhan, Josh Kirschenbaum, David Howe) Working Paper 98-263 March 1998


I. INTRODUCTIONIn 1969, M. and N. participated in a private marriage ceremony commemorating their long-term commitment to one another.1 However, they were unable to have children naturally so they turned towards the emerging technology of assisted reproduction.2 In 1980, N. gave birth to a daughter, K., and in 1984, she gave birth to a son, S.3 The couple listed M. as the father on both of the children's birth certificates and the children assumed M.'s family name.4 Later, M. and N. separated and N. petitioned the court for sole legal and physical custody of the children because she asserted that M. was not the parent of either child.5 The court agreed with N. and awarded her sole physical and legal custody of the couple's children, whom M. had been a parent to for eight years.6 How could the court arrive at such an unjust result? Two reasons: one, the couple was a lesbian couple and two, because they were a same-sex couple, they were unable to participate in a valid marriage ceremony and receive all of the corresponding rights and obligations of married couples.Unfortunately, this situation is not unique. Many homosexual couples are having children through artificial means, but the vast majority of states still only recognize the biological parent as the child's legal parent and cast the nonbiological parent as a legal stranger.7 Regardless of biological connections, the courts consider a child born to a married couple the legal child of both of the parties.8 However, because of the states' refusal to allow same-sex couples to marry, two homosexuals in a committed relationship, who have children using the same artificial reproductive technology that heterosexual couples may use, will have one party who the courts will not consider the legal parent of the resulting child.9 The courts' failure to recognize the changing nature of family in modern society harms the children who are born into the unconventional families that courts refuse to legitimize.10 The best interests of the child require that legislatures grant legal recognition to same-sex relationships so that children and parents in today's society can all receive the same rights and be subject to the same obligations of the parent-child relationship.This Note argues the need for legislatures and courts to allow same-sex couples to enter into relationships akin to heterosexual marriage, in order to provide these couples with the same benefits and responsibilities as heterosexual married couples in the area of parenthood. Part II demonstrates how the law of assisted reproduction is designed only to protect heterosexual married couples who have children through reproductive technology, despite the number of same-sex couples who do the same. Part III examines how the termination of a same-sex couple's relationship terminates parent-child bonds in the absence of a legally recognized union between the couple. Part IV analyzes the inadequate measures nonbiological parents have attempted to utilize in order to gain some parental rights following the couple's termination of their relationship. Finally, Part V establishes that the only way that the parents and children of same-sex couples can enjoy the rights and benefits of heterosexual parenthood is for legislatures to allow same-sex couples to enter into legally recognized marriages.II. THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK SURROUNDING REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGYReproductive technology permits same-sex couples to have children; however, the laws surrounding assisted reproduction only protect the parental expectations of heterosexual couples.11 Legislative presumptions about whom the courts accord parental status through assisted reproductive technology are a product of the marital relationships of heterosexual couples.12 As a result, the legislatures and courts provide someone without a genetic connection to the child (e.g., the husband, in cases of anonymous sperm donation) legal status as a father only because he is married to the biological mother, a legal status that the state does not allow same-sex couples to attain. …


This paper explores using the NEAT and rtNEAT neuro-evolution methodologies to generate intelligent opponents in real-time strategy (RTS) games. The main objective is to adapt the challenge generated by the game opponents to match the skill of a player in real-time, ultimately leading to a higher entertainment value perceived by a human player of the game. Results indicate the effectiveness of NEAT and rtNEAT but demonstrate their limitations for use in real-time strategy games.


Abstract This paper develops a model that relates changes in the macro‐political context to changes in the nature of individual‐level party identification, then uses this model to explain transformations in the size and issue bases of American mass party coalitions over the past 30 years. Elite party polarization over the past three decades has altered the relative importance that individuals attach to various factors when thinking about party identification, increasing the relevance of policy preferences – primarily on the scope‐of‐government dimension of conflict that has divided parties since at least the New Deal era – and decreasing the relevance of socialization and certain types of group identification. These effects, in turn, have led to changes in the size and scope of mass party coalitions, as citizens have become more likely to identify with the party that most closely represents their views on scope‐of‐government matters. Over the past 30 years, people with conservative scope‐of‐government preferences have become increasingly likely to identify with the Republican Party. Those with liberal scope‐of‐government preferences were, and remain, reliably Democratic. The substantive implication is that even amidst the long‐recognized decay of the "New Deal Coalition", the American party system is defined more by the public's preferences on traditional New Deal matters than at any time in recent history.


The aim of this paper is to study abundant semigroups which are disjoint unions of multiplicative adequate tranversals. After obtaining some properties of such semigroup, we prove that a semigroup is a disjoint union of multiplicative adequate transversals if and only if it is isomorphic to the direct product of a rectangular band and an adequate semigroup.


This short piece was a nice opportunity to link the location of the exhibition that the book accompanied, Zurich, and link it with the artist it concerned, Joseph Beuys, and the chosen exhibition/publication title, "Beuys Voice", a Joycean wordplay (the writer had lived and died in Zurich).This triangulation between Beuys, Joyce and the exhibition format is at the core of my research and this little text could only give some sound bites. Nevertheless, it was a good opportunity to popularize and disseminate my work.


We review recent progress of burst-mode CDR technology as the key PMD device supporting next-generation, 10 Gb/s-based TDM-PON systems. For the essence of the burst-mode CDR design, its performance result of the burst-mode lock-time is also presented.


The skin secretion of Batrachuperus pinchonii and the Part Purified Substance,acquired by the skin secretion loaded on Sephadex G-25 chromatography column twice,have antimicrobial ability by antimicrobial test.The antimicrobial active substance is protein property,about 20 KD,stable in high temperature during short time and in normal temperature during long time.By electrophoresis in urea polyacrylamide gel with sodium dodecyl sulftate,the Part Purified Substance has two bands;by RP-HPLC chromatograph,it has thirteen peaks.The recovery of activity is 46.7%.On the basis of which further works including final refining and determining of the active substance can be finished.


Supermassive stars (SMSs) of mass $\gtrsim 10^5 M_\odot$ are candidates for seeds of supermassive black holes found in the center of many massive galaxies. We simulate the gravitational collapse of a rigidly rotating SMS core including nuclear burning effects in axisymmetric numerical-relativity simulation. We find that for realistic initial conditions, the nuclear burning does not play an important role. After the collapse, a torus surrounding a rotating black hole is formed and a fraction of the torus material is ejected. We quantitatively study the relation between the properties of these objects and rotation. We find that if a SMS core is sufficiently rapidly rotating, the torus and outflow mass have approximately $6\%$ and $1\%$ of the initial mass, respectively. The typical average velocity and the total kinetic energy of the outflow are $0.2~c$ and $10^{54-56}$ erg where $c$ is the speed of light. Finally, we briefly discuss the possibility for observing the torus and outflow.


Coarse-grained (CG) models play a crucial role in the study of protein structures, protein thermodynamic properties, and protein conformation dynamics. Due to the information loss in the coarse-graining process, backmapping from CG to all-atom configurations is essential in many protein design and drug discovery applications when detailed atomic representations are needed for in-depth studies. Despite recent progress in data-driven backmapping approaches, devising a backmapping method that can be universally applied across various CG models and proteins remains unresolved. In this work, we propose BackDiff, a new generative model designed to achieve generalization and reliability in the protein backmapping problem. BackDiff leverages the conditional score-based diffusion model with geometric representations. Since different CG models can contain different coarse-grained sites which include selected atoms (CG atoms) and simple CG auxiliary functions of atomistic coordinates (CG auxiliary variables), we design a self-supervised training framework to adapt to different CG atoms, and constrain the diffusion sampling paths with arbitrary CG auxiliary variables as conditions. Our method facilitates end-to-end training and allows efficient sampling across different proteins and diverse CG models without the need for retraining. Comprehensive experiments over multiple popular CG models demonstrate BackDiff's superior performance to existing state-of-the-art approaches, and generalization and flexibility that these approaches cannot achieve. A pretrained BackDiff model can offer a convenient yet reliable plug-and-play solution for protein researchers, enabling them to investigate further from their own CG models.


Rod pumping system is widely used in the extraction of crude oil.This paper analyzes the motion of point and draws the indicator diagram of the hanging point,which is based on the displacement and load data.The Gibbs model is solved in two ways,by Fourier series expansion and finite difference method,to acquire the suspension point indicator diagram,thereby to determine the deep underground pump dynamometer.Information,extraction model is used to extract the pump dynamometer characteristics,which is based on the pump diagrams of the curvature and its rate of change.Area discriminant model is used to diagnose the mixed gases.Based on analysis of gravity and buoyancy of the sucker rod,two improved Gibbs models are developed.The damping factor is solved using the model based on the conservation of energy.


ABSTRACT Ordered B2 precipitates typically nucleate at the grains-boundaries of fcc-based high entropy alloys. Here, we report a novel mixed-mode coupled displacive-diffusional transformation resulting in homogeneously distributed intra-granular B2 precipitates within the fcc matrix. Severe plastic deformation forms compositionally invariant, metastable distorted fcc structures, resembling hexagon-like templates, at the deformation twin-boundaries. These shear-induced hexagon-like templates correspond to the symmetry of the {111}bcc planes, and act as sites for B2 nucleation, establishing the fcc-bcc Kurdjumov–Sachs (KS) orientation relationship. However, the composition of these B2 precipitates is far-from-equilibrium. Subsequent isothermal annealing causes solute partitioning driving the composition of the B2 precipitates towards equilibrium. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT IMPACT STATEMENT For the first time, a mixed mode displacive-diffusional fcc-to-bcc-ordered B2 transformation mechanism was revealed in a deformed fcc-based Al0.3CoCrFeNi complex concentrated or high entropy alloy.


The water vapor absorption effect cannot be neglected in satellite communication (SatCom) systems operating at higher frequency bands (e.g. W band). It becomes even more significant when it comes to very low elevation angles, such as those characterizing GEO satellites with ground stations at high latitudes, or MEO/LEO satellites. This paper presents some preliminary results on the impact of water vapor attenuation AV at different elevation angles, as well as on scaling AV from zenithal pointing to low elevation angles. The results, obtained from an extensive set of large water vapor content maps, show that the customary cosecant scaling approach is accurate down to 5°. Finally, some preliminary results on the impact of AV on a link to a MEO satellite are also shown.


We evaluate the possibility of using dichroic electron energy loss spectroscopy (DEELS) as an alternative to x‐ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). It is well known that electron energy loss spectroscopy and x‐ray absorption spectroscopy are highly analogous, providing similar information. A simple semiclassical model suggests that DEELS might have a magnetic sensitivity similar to that of XMCD. This sensitivity will be reduced, however, by multiple scattering of the probe electron before and after the energy loss event. Thus it is difficult to predict the magnitude of the DEELS effect. Experiments were performed at the L‐edge of polycrystalline Fe, Co, and Ni thin film samples with uniaxial in‐plane magnetic anisotropy, prepared in situ with a magnetic bias field. Even in those most favorable cases, the DEELS effect is seen to be at least 10 times smaller than similar effects in XMCD.


The present study investigates metadiscourse markers role in linguistic research articles to realize the social contrasts among English and Arabic cultures in performing research articles. It utilizes a contrastive text of seventy research articles of different English and Arabic researchers. Metadiscorse markers reflect the culture of researchers in either Arabic or English language through a contrastive statistical outcomes that reinforces the current research goal. Two types of metadiscourse are dominant across the study: interactive and interactional. Moreover, in a way to illustrate the differences among the selected research papers, the study uses the Chi-square tests in its investigation.


Whether snuggled up at home or out partying with family and friends, the dawn of the new year is something to toast to. But not so long ago, the people of Britain were commemorating the start of the forthcoming 12 months in a very different way – with books.


In 2020, the Gross Enrollment Ratio of girls at the higher secondary level in India was 52.4%, down from 98.7% at the elementary level. This difference indicates a serious dropout rate among girls at higher levels of education. This dynamic motivates the twin objectives of this paper. We provide an overview of the scope and determinants of girls' current educational attainment at the higher secondary level for different states in India. In this attempt, we scrutinize the role of poverty and women's autonomy on the educational attainment of girls at the higher secondary level. A self‐developed socioeconomic index is used as a proxy for wealth status which is divided into five quintiles representing the poverty scenario of each state. Women's autonomy is measured by another self‐developed index: the Women's Autonomy Index. The empirical analysis is facilitated by the application of various statistical and econometric tools including multiple regression on the NFHS‐4 data for 28 Indian states. The empirical results suggest that the enhancement of women's autonomy and reductions in poverty enhance girls' educational attainment at the higher secondary level.


The description and success of a recently held local competition (organized and managed by the College of Engineering at the University of North Texas) that featured radio controlled robots constructed by local high school and middle school student teams will be described in detail. Students from local North Texas high schools and middle schools were given the opportunity to test their homemade robots that simulated bio-robots (installed inside a cell wall) used for collecting genes from ruptured DNA. This paper describes the scope of the event from the initial concept for the year's game theme, to the distribution of supplies, to the field day for testing and ending with the final game day competition. Information in regards to program initiation, funding, hardware construction, final event awards and judging, and the total success of the program will be presented in detail. A final discussion will include the anticipated educational assets in organizing a technical program described in this article, all centered on developing student interests targeted towards the engineering curricula.


Objective To investigate the genotypes of interleukin (IL) 28B polymorphism and the effect of IL28B genotypes on the responses to therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC).Methods A total of 74 patients with CHC were prospectively treated with pegylated interferon α (PEG-IFN α) in combination with ribavirin (RBV) for 48 or 72 weeks.After finishing the therapy,the patients were followed up for 24 weeks and the therapeutic effect was evaluated with rapid virological response (RVR) and sustained virological response (SVR).The IL28B rs8099917,rs12979860 and rs12980275 were identified by sequencing the PCR products amplified from the genome DNA of each participate.The IL28 B genotypes in CHC patients were analyzed and the effect of singlenucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on responses to therapy was assessed.Result rs8099917 TT,TG,GG were 63(85.1%),11(14.9%),0(0%),respectively.rs12979860 CC,CT,TT were 60 (81.1%),14 (18.9%),0 (0%),respectively.rs12980275 AA,AG,GG were 57 (77.0%),17 (23.0%),0 (0%),respectively.In patients infected with HCV genotype-1,only rs12979860 was associated with SVR rate,and the proportion of rs12979860 CC in SVR group was significantly higher than that in non-SVR group (88.4% vs 58.3%,P < 0.05).In patients infected with HCV non genotype-1,none of the three SNPs was associated with RVR or SVR (P > 0.05).Conclusions The majority of the patients with CHC carry IL28B genotype rs8099917 TT,rs12979860 CC and rs12980275 AA in Guangdong.The genotypes of IL28 B(rs12979860) is closely related to the effect of PEG-IFN α/RBV therapy,and it might be an important predictive factor for SVR before treatment in patients with CHC.

Key words:
Hepatitis C, chronic;  Interleukins;  Polymorphism, single nucleotide;  Interferons alfa2b;  Ribavirin


Prior studies have shown that long-term changes in latent heat fluxes in the tropical Pacific Ocean are associated with changes in wind speed. The data used in these studies spans over five decades. The early period is solely in situ observations, and the later decades are dominated by satellite observations. This study finds that the differences in physics of surface observations and satellite observations accounts for the magnitude and pattern of the largest changes in the tropical Pacific Ocean. The key physics (Bourassa 2006) will be explained and the calculated differences will be shown.


Legislative Behavior that prefer be bad or Arrogant are caused by some factors. Those ara affilating, powerful and well achievement. The under average institution ang the apathetic. Society attitude are influenced by cognate aspect and the confiding aspect. The will effect the bad communication pattern or uneffectively, adaptable and flexible. For those need model that can help solving the problem.


This special issue of Modern Italy is dedicated to the memory of Christopher SetonWatson, the founder of the Association for the Study of Modern Italy, who died on 8 September 2007. In a sense the issue is presented with real regret – the regret that it was not possible to produce a formal festschrift for him while he was still alive. We hope that the present issue will go some way to compensate for the omission. The contributions presented here come from people who knew Christopher through different paths of contact and in different periods – some as university colleagues, some as his DPhil students in Oxford, some as collaborators in the later phase of his life after retirement from Oriel College. I am grateful to all those who agreed to contribute to this special issue; I am also grateful to Guardian Newspapers (and to John Pollard) for allowing me to reprint John's Guardian Obituary for Christopher – an obituary which covers ground it would be pointless to reproduce in this presentation. The articles are hardly homogeneous in subject matter but they do all reflect the common theme of interest for contemporary Europe, its history and its politics. Some deal specifically with Christopher's own publications, of which Italy from liberalism to fascism is the best known; others deal with different, if often related, topics – subjects which one can readily imagine Christopher being happy to reflect on and discuss, given his very broad interest in contemporary history and politics, which went well beyond Italy. It is appropriate to remember here that, although known as one of the foremost historians of contemporary Italy, Christopher's curiosity often carried him much further afield. He never lost interest for the 'family' concern with Eastern Europe and at times his studies took him away from Europe altogether. For example, when I was first sent to him as a postgraduate student in 1967 he was passionately enthusiastic about Latin American politics and sometimes rather reluctant to return to the question of Italian fascism (of which, for the moment and understandably, he had had enough). As all those who knew him well would acknowledge, Christopher was in some ways a very shy man, certainly not one to seek the limelight. It was all the more remarkable, therefore, when, in 1982 and inspired by a visit to a conference of CONGRIPS (the US Association of Political Scientists), he decided to convoke a meeting of historians and


In almost all of the previous publications about the impulsive systems, the impulses involved are fixed instants. However, in many actual applications, impulsive moments can not be prescribed ahead of schedule. Hence, in this manuscript, a generalized model of neural networks with delays and impulsive time window is formulated. And then, through the use of lyapunov stability theory method, several original and easy-to-prove sufficient conditions are derived to notarize that the model which concerning the impulsive time window is global exponential stable. Moreover a framework combining the exponential convergence rate with the various parameters of impulsive is constructed. Finally, the effectiveness of the theoretical results are demonstrated by the numerical simulations.


Nutrition and anthropometric profile are important factors for the performance of physical fitness. Regardless ofphysical activity, nutritional behaviors are determinant in maintaining health, increasing performance and controlling bodycomposition. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the anthropometric and ingestion profile of the participants of the FIP FITNESacademy. This is a documentary and quantitative survey. The sample consisted of 33 evaluation cards answered and analyzed inthe year 2017. From these records the variables for identification of the nutritional aspects and for the anthropometric profile wereevaluated, the following variables were evaluated: BMI, average fat percentage obtained through of skin folds, weight andcircumference measurements, body composition assessment; intake profile; where it feeds and quantity of meals during the day,food builders, energy foods, food regulators, cryogenic auxiliaries. The analysis of the assigned data will be applied to descriptivestatistics and the data will be computed in Excel. Research individuals feed on the majority at home having about 4 to 5 meals aday with a low water intake, a good amount of protein choices, almost everyone has rice or beans or both in their meal ascarbohydrates, consume It is concluded that these data add positively on the anthropometric data since the BMI was good alongwith the body composition.


Article deals with the issue of Eurasianism ideas reflection in the development of modern Russian education. The authors used the comparative historical method, and the methods of analysis, synthesis, which made it possible to trace how the ideas of Eurasianism are reflected in the development of modern education in Russia. The ideas of Eurasianism of spirituality and human personality are closely intertwined with the tasks and goals of modern Russian education, since both of them speak about the value of each individual in the formation of a cohesive society, which, in turn, is the core of the powerful state formation. Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that the ideas of Eurasianism about spirituality and multiculturalism are particularly relevant and are reflected in the aims of education that are directly promoted by the state. The authors say that in choosing the way to develop modern education in Russia, we should take into the account the political and philosophical concept of Eurasianism. In turn, this will help to develop Russia`s own unique way of education development that meets the world's needs and fully reflects Russian realities.


We have measured Zn/Ca ratios in two taxa of Holocene-aged benthic foraminifera from throughout the world's oceans. Zn/Ca is controlled by bottom water dissolved Zn concentration and, like Cd/Ca and Ba/Ca, by bottom water saturation state with respect to calcite. Measurements on "live-collected" foraminifera suggest that the saturation effect occurs during growth and is not a postdepositional artifact. Zn/Ca could be a sensitive paleoceanographic tracer because deep water masses have characteristic Zn concentrations that increase about tenfold from the deep North Atlantic to the deep North Pacific. In addition, since Zn/Ca responds to a different range of saturation states than Cd/Ca, the two may be used together to evaluate changes in deep water carbonate ion (CO32−) concentration.


AIM
To present our series of cerebellopontine angle (CPA) meningiomas and to provide some innovative surgical steps for safe removal of these tumors.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
The clinical, radiological and surgical characteristics of 32 patients with meningioma in the CPA were retrospectively analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the factors that affect the incidence of complication.

RESULTS
The mean age was 49.5 years and 87.5% of patients were male. 87.5% of patients had WHO grade I meningioma and the others had WHO grade II tumors. The mean tumor volume was 33.98 ml and 65.6% of the patients underwent gross total resection. Preoperative tumor size/extension and extent of resection were related with the development of complications.

CONCLUSION
CPA meningiomas are challeging tumors for a safe removal. Tumor size and extent of resection are important risk factors for the development of postoperative complications.


Knowledge map is an indispensable tool for knowledge management,which can be applied in university libraries.This paper demonstrates the beginnings and the function of knowledge map.


Objectives To find out the influential factors on the scrubbing results and put forward the countermeasure by evaluating the scrubbing results of different surgery staff. Methods The bacterial culture results of the samples taken from surgery staff of different levels were analyzed before surgery and after scrubbing during the past 4 years. Results The qualified rate of scrubbing were 100% for the local hospital nurses, 86.8% for the local hospital surgeons, 87.3% for the advanced studying nurses, 86.2% for the advanced studying surgeons, and 98.1% for the practical nurses respectively. The local hospital nurses and practical nurses had highest rate, while advanced studying surgeons and local hospital doctors had lowest rate. Conclusions Some surgery staff do not pay enough attention to normative preoperative scrubbing method. Strengthening surgery staff's scrubbing and improving their cognition of asepsis are very important aspects for prevention and control nosocomial infections.


The aim of the present article is to reflect on the theme of renewing the proclamation of Word of God and His influence on a man and a family. Word of God has the power of touching a man, purifying his relations and sanctifying family life. Kerygmat was determined as one the functions of materializing the Church. The discussed matter is realized according to the scheme of analyzing functions in mathematics. In the first part – as a way of defining domain of a function – different groups of recipients of proclamation in a parish and family are introduced. In the second part – describing the function's output – the way of proclamation, preparing the sermon and preaching the Gospel was analyzed. Thoughtful ways of reaching different groups of recipients and attempts of Church to pass word of God to every man are discussed. In the third part – introducing the set of values – the outcomes of proclamation are shown. God's word accepted by a man makes him grow in a greater maturity and at the same time influences the quality of human relations, especially the ones within family. A man who lives by word of God is enabled to grow in holiness and fulfill koinonia – his communion with God, world and other people, even in the life of his own family.


Geotechnical works in deep deposit of highly compressible soft clay is often associated with problems such as excessive differential settlement, negative skin friction and bearing capacity failure. Traditionally, piles are introduced to address the issue of bearing capacity and excessive differential settlement. Piles are often installed into competent stratum or 'set' in order to limit the differential settlement by reducing the overall settlement of a structure. However, this solution generally only addresses short-term problem associated with soft clay as pile capacity is also significantly reduced due to negative skin friction. This often reduces the costeffectiveness of such 'conventional solution'. In this paper, a design approach is presented in which a 'floating' piled raft foundation system is adopted for a proposed housing development on soft clay. The 'floating' piled raft foundation is designed to limit differential settlement and it consists of short piles strategically located at areas of concentrated loadings and interconnected with a rigid system of strip-raft to control differential settlement. This foundation system coupled with a properly planned temporary surcharging of the earth platform has shown to be very effective as demonstrated by monitoring results on the completed structures.


For systems that exhibit a second-order phase transition with a spontaneously broken continuous O(N) symmetry at low temperatures, we give a criterion for judging at which temperature T(K) long-range directional fluctuations of the order field destroy the order when approaching the critical temperature from below. The temperature T(K) lies always significantly below the famous Ginzburg temperature T(G) at which size fluctuations of finite range become important.


An analysis is made of the production of acoustic disturbances at solid‐gas and liquid‐vapor interfaces that are subject to transient thermal radiation. The interaction of radiation with phase‐exchange rate processes at the interfaces is the mechanism by which acoustic disturbances are produced. General expressions are derived for the perturbation velocity of the gas or vapor in terms of an arbitrary time‐dependent radiant heat flux. Explicit solutions are derived for the case of a stepwise pulse of radiation. Results are applied to tungsten‐oxygen, glass‐nitrogen, and mercury liquid‐vapor interfaces.


SUMMARY: The authors present a simple system for disability scoring and functional staging of an ataxic patient, based on modifications of a previous scheme advocated by De Falco and collaborators (1979). This system was tested under field conditions in 47 ataxic subjects and found to be useful and functional.


Turpentine oil obtained from pine resin plant consists of α-pinene utilized to synthesize organic compound used to produce paint and disinfectant for example. This project aims to study extraction of turpentine oil by Microwave Assisted Hydro-Distillation (MAHD). This study evaluates effect of time, power and volume of pine resin_to turpentine oil characteristic. Variables observed in this study are time (30 to 90 min), power (300 to 600 Watt) and material (150 to 250 mL). Turpentine oil quality such as color, density and refractive index are identified with respect to SNI 7633-2011 while α-pinene concentration determined using GCMS. Highest yield is 27.31% obtained from extraction of 150 mL pine resin using 600 Watt of microwave power for about 60 min. Chemical composition of turpentine oil at that certain condition are α-pinene of 68,53%, 3-carene of 14,31% and β-pinene of 5,23% respectively. Turpentine oil product has characteristic of clear color with refractive index of 1.467 and density of 0.853 g/cm3. This study concludes microwave energy very potential to be utilized as source of energy to extract turpentine oil from pine resin as it proceeding very rapidly.


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to novel 4-(1-aminoethyl)cyclohexylamine derivatives of general formula or pharmaceutically acceptable salts of such a compound, wherein R 0 represents H or OH; R 1 represents an alkoxy group; U and W represent N, V represents CH and R 2 represents H or F, or U and V represent CH, W represents N and R 2 represents H or F, or U and V represent N, W represents CH and R 2 represents H, or U represents N, V represents CH, W represents CR a and R 2 represents H; R a represents CH 2 OH or alkoxycarbonyl; A represents the group CH=CH-B or a binuclear heterocyclic system D; B represents a mono- or di-substituted phenyl group wherein the substitutes are halogen atoms; D represents either a group , wherein Z represents CH or N, and Q represents O or S, or a group . The invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition based on the compound of formula (I) and to use of the compound of formula (I). EFFECT: novel derivatives having antibacterial activity are obtained. 12 cl, 21 ex


IN 1999, DEATH DUE TO medication errors became the eighth leading cause of mortality in the United States.1 Since then, advances in nursing informatics and technology have brought major changes to the old system of medication administration, improving patient safety.2 The electronic health record (E


When directed to transmit data in a personal computer (1), a document image data generating section (22) generates document image data obtained by imaging a document content based on document data for every page. An index image generating section (23) composites a file name of the document data and icon image data corresponding to application software by which the document data is created, and thereby generates index image data. The folder generating section (26) generates a PC folder based on the document image data, the index image data, and the management data, and generated by a management file generating section (24) transmits the PC folder to a digital camera (51) via a data transmitting section (27).


Energy efficiency and low message delay are the basic QoS requirements for data collection in vehicular ad-hoc and sensor networks. In order to achieve these requirements, many solutions have been developed by attaching collectors/sinks to vehicle or aircraft and moving them either randomly or along a predefined route. This paper presents an adaptive data gathering protocol (ADG) that employs multiple mobile collectors (instead of sinks) to help an existing wireless sensor network achieve such requirements. In the proposed ADG protocol, a virtual elastic-force model is used to help mobile collectors adjust their moving speed and direction while adapting to changes within the network. Because of the irregularity of the information generation rate as well as the cost of mobile collectors, the number of collectors can not be predefined. Mobile collectors are sent out by sink if the information in the network is beyond the capabilities of existing mobile collectors, and are called back when they become redundant. In this paper we discuss our ADG protocol, highlight how its performance can be enhanced using both multi-hop OCOPS and LEACH protocols. We report on the performance evaluation of ADG protocol using an extensive set of simulation experiments. Our simulation results show that the proposed ADG algorithm can be a flexible means of meeting the constraints and different requirements of monitoring applications.


The Cape Sundew (Drosera capensis L) is one of best known and most widely grown of all the sundews. Yet it remains poorly known in the wild. I present a summary of my observations of Drosera capensis in nature, from the study of herbarium specimens and the literature, and cultivated plants to present a current picture of its variation in cultivation and in the wild.


Members of the euasterid angiosperm family Solanaceae have been characterized as remarkably diverse in terms of flower morphology and pollinator type. In order to test the relative contribution of phylogeny to the pattern of distribution of floral characters related to pollination, flower form and pollinators have been mapped onto a molecular phylogeny of the family. Bilateral flower symmetry (zygomorphy) is prevalent in the basal grades of the family, and more derived clades have flowers that are largely radially symmetric, with some parallel evolution of floral bilateralism. Pollinator types ('syndromes') are extremely homoplastic in the family, but members of subfamily Solanoideae are exceptional in being largely bee pollinated. Pollinator relationships in those genera where they have been investigated more fully are not as specific as flower morphology and the classical pollinator syndrome models might suggest, and more detailed studies in some particularly variable genera, such as Iochroma and Nicotiana, are key to understanding the role of pollinators in floral evolution and adaptive radiation in the family. More studies of pollinators in the field are a priority.


The utility model relates to an easily-mounted elevator car. The elevator car comprises a rear wall board, a first lateral wall board, a second lateral wall board, two door upright posts, a door header, a car top plate and a car bottom plate, wherein, the car bottom plate is assembled with the rear wall board through connecting sheets mounted on the car bottom plate and the rear wall board; the car top plate is assembled with the first lateral wall board through connecting sheets mounted on the car top plate and the first lateral wall board; the car bottom plate is connected with the rear wall board through a screw, a nut or a tapping screw; the car top plate is connected with the first lateral wall board through a screw, a nut or a tapping screw; the rear wall plate is connected with the two lateral wall boards through hook-shaped plug-in components which are meshed with each other; and the two lateral wall boards are connected with the door upright posts through hook-shaped plug-in components with are meshed with each other. The connection is reliable, the elevator car can be assembled and disassembled conveniently, so that installation personnel can assemble and disassemble the elevator car in front of the elevator car without entering the space between the elevator car and the inner wall of a hoistway and connecting the elevator car wall boards through fastening pieces. Therefore, the utility model has the advantages that the installation procedures are saved, and the installation efficiency is improved in the field.


This paper presents a novel approach to the static security analysis of a bulk composite generation/transmission system. The algorithm is based on a relaxation technique that allows the inclusion of security constraints in a standard optimal operation model without a significant increase in computational effort. The model is able to evaluate system security indices not only in terms of the probability of a desired operating state (such as the probability of an extreme emergency) but also in terms of the severity of such states (measured, for instance, as the expected loss of load caused by extreme emergencies). It is also possible to evaluate the expected increase in operation cost necessary to ensure post-<listurbance feasibility. Finally, it is possible to calculate sensitivity indices that indicate the best reinforcements to be made in order to accomplish a safer operation. The proposed algorithm is flexible and compatible with different system state selection criteria (enumeration, Monte-Carlo, etc.). Case studies with different realistic systems illustrate the application of the proposed methodology.


The author considers some few spheres where teenagers meet the greatest difficulties and their pendency the most often bring to teenagers turning from problematic into difficult one and sometimes even into delinquent one.


BACKGROUND
The etiology of Kawasaki syndrome (KS), the leading cause of acquired coronary artery disease in children, is unknown. Recent studies have suggested that Chlamydia pneumoniae, a common respiratory pathogen associated with an increased risk of heart disease, might lead to KS.

OBJECTIVE
To assess whether KS was associated with an elevated risk of having a current or antecedent infection with C. pneumoniae.

METHODS
Blood, urine and pharyngeal specimens from KS patients in San Diego County, CA, during a period of high KS incidence were analyzed for evidence of recent C. pneumoniae infection by culture, PCR and serology. Specimens collected from two control groups, family members of KS patients and age-matched children attending outpatient clinics for well child visits, were similarly analyzed.

RESULTS
Thirteen cases were identified. Forty-five outpatient controls and an average of three family members per patient were enrolled in the study. All specimens tested negative for the presence of C. pneumoniae by PCR and culture except for one blood specimen from the mother of a case-patient. Serologic analysis of patients and a subset of outpatient and family controls revealed no evidence of current C. pneumoniae infection; 4 of 13 adult family controls had IgG titers consistent with past exposure to C. pneumoniae. Case patients were no more likely than outpatient controls to have had a respiratory illness in the preceding 2 months (11 of 13 patients vs. 35 of 45 controls; odds ratio, 1.57; 95% confidence interval, 0.3 to 11.9).

CONCLUSIONS
We found no evidence that C. pneumoniae infection was associated with KS.


A general, straightforward, and practical access to multi-substituted chiral quinoxalin-2-ones has been achieved based on the copper(I) chloride-dimethylethylenediamine (DMEDA) catalyst system. With the use of 1 mol% copper(I) chloride, structurally diverse quinoxalin-2-ones were generated with high optical purity from readily available starting materials, 2-haloanilines and α-amino acids, in a one-pot manner.


The invention discloses a method for realizing a text-to-speech conversion function, wherein, media resource control equipment controls media resource processing equipment to realize a text-to-speech conversion through an H.248 protocol. The method comprises the following steps: the media resource control equipment carries an extension packet parameter in an H.248 message to instruct the media resource processing equipment to execute a text-to-speech conversion processing corresponding to the parameter; the media resource processing equipment calls a text-to-speech converter to execute the text-to-speech conversion processing according to the parameter in the message and feeds back the text-to-speech conversion result to the media resource control equipment. With the method provided by the invention, a user can be provided with service applications related to the text-to-speech conversion in the media resource application of mobile or fixed networks; at the same time, only the text needs to be modified during the modification without need to rerecord, and prompt tones with much personality can be played according to the requirement of the user.