The work presents the results of studying of the electrical properties (resistivity) of composite materials based on natural graphite and polymer binder (polyethylene), depending on the type and concentration of the conductive filler. As a method for forming composite materials test using ram extrusion. Showed that the polymer-graphite samples are conductors of electrical current from the mass of filler concentration ≥5%. Experimentally found that the composition of the graphite-polyethylene has the lowest resistivity when used as a filler expanded graphite. Comminution of the particles positively affects the expanded graphite electroconductive properties of the composition, by increasing the contact surface of the particles and the formation of additional bonds between the graphite layers in the direction of extrusion.


Objective To assess the effect of local transfer of plasmid mediated inducible Nitric Oxide synthase gene using protein coated metallic stents of inhibiting neointimal hyperplasia after coronary angioplasty. Methods The metallic stent was coated by cross linked gelatin and mounted on 3.0 mm PTCA balloon,then endotoxin free ultrapure plasmid pcDNA3hepiNOS was absorbed on the stent. Protein coated stainless steel stents were used as controls. All stents were implanted into the middle segment of LAD. The ratio of balloon to vessel diameter was 1.1-1.3:1. Results At the 7th day after stenting, RT PCR and immunohistochemical staining confirmed the expression of iNOS mRNA and presence of its protein at gene transferred vessels ( n =2), but there was no expression in remote organs. After 3 months of stenting coronary angiograms showed that there was no restenosis in all animals transferred plasmid pcDNA3hepiNOS( n =5) while restenosis developed in all animals of the control group ( n =5). Morphometric analysis showed that lumen diameter loss (0.61±0.30) mm vs (1.58± 0.31 ) mm ( P 0.001), residual lumen diameter (1.00±0.51) mm vs (0.36±0.32) mm ( P 0.05), neointimal area (1.65±0.83) mm 2 vs (2.83±0.83) mm 2 ( P 0.05), mean percentage of area stenosis (26.45±7.45) mm 2 vs (94.2±14.3) mm 2 ( P 0.001) were significantly less than those in control group. The proportion of the neointimal area to media area(I/M) reduced to 59.84% in pcDNA3hepiNOS group. Conclusions Local plasmid mediated human iNOS gene transferred with protein coated metallic stents significantly inhibited intimal hyperplasia,which was usually a causative factor of retenosis after coronary angioplasty, in mini swine model.


The coast of Piaui state, unexplored regarding its phytodiversity, instigates conducting research that contributes to the knowledge of its flora. This study aims to better understand the floristic diversity of a patch of vegetation in the village of Curral Velho (02o 52' 45" S and 41° 40' 01" W), in the municipality of Luis Correia, Piaui state. Random monthly samples were collected in the study area over eight months; 105 specimens were collected and 93 species belonging to 76 genera and 33 families were identified. Local flora includes floristic elements of Caatinga, Cerrado and Restinga, suggesting that the plant community in the coastal area of Piaui has a transitional nature. This study brings unpublished data on the floristic diversity of the studied area, contributing, ultimately, to the knowledge of the flora in the state as a whole. This is a pioneer and partial inventory in this portion of the state and does not portray its full phytodiversity, thus subsequent surveys are required to add data for a better knowledge on the flora in the studied stretch.


Corrosivity of an Antifreeze/Coolant can lead to localized attacks which are a major cause for metal failure. To prevent this phenomenon, specific corrosion inhibitors are used to protect the different metals in service. This paper will discuss the electrochemical principles behind corrosion, Realized corrosion and corrosion inhibition. It will also discuss electrochemical techniques which allow for the evaluation of these inhibitors.


Energy storage providing auxiliary service at the user-side has broad prospects in support of national polices. Three auxiliary services are selected as the application scene for energy storage participating in demand management, peak shaving and demand response. Considering the time value of funds, the user-side energy storage economy model is built. The model comprehensively considers the delayed transformation income, the government subsidy income, the auxiliary service income and the whole-life-cycle cost factor. According to the cost and benefit analysis, an energy storage optimization configuration model is proposed. The model takes maximum revenue of industrial user in energy storage's whole-life-cycle as the objective function. Then, the Cplex solver is employed to solve the model. In addition, four indexes are utilized to evaluate the financial effect brought by the user-side energy storage. Finally, the revenue and configuration results of the four types of battery energy storage are calculated to verify the validity of the proposed model. In comparison to the value of evaluation index, planning suggestions are provided for the user-side energy storage providing different auxiliary services. Moreover, the conditions of profit and worthwhile investment are obtained through sensitivity analysis of energy storage providing peak shaving service.


The chiral limit of theandmasses and widths is discussed. We work within the inverse am- plitude method to one loop in SU(2) ChPT and analyze the consequences that all chiral logarithms cancel out in thechannel, while they do not cancel for thecase, and how they strongly influence the properties of this latter resonance. Our results confirm and explain the different behavior of theandpoles for NC not far from 3, but we extend the analysis to very large NC, where the behavior of these two resonances is re-analyzed. We note that the rather natural requirement of consistency between resonance saturation and unitarization imposes useful constraints. By looking only at thechannel, and within the single resonance approximation, we find that the masses of the first vector and scalar meson nonets, invoked in the single resonance approximation, turn out to be degenerated in the large NC limit. On the contrary we show that, for sufficiently largeNC, the scalar meson evolution lies beyond the applicability reach of the one-loop inverse amplitude method and if the scalar channel is also incorporated in the analysis, it may lead, in some cases, to phenomenologically inconsistent results.


Learning Statistics: The Use of Conceptual Equations and Overviews to Aid Transfer Richard Catrambone (email@example.com) Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Psychology, 274 5th Street, Atlanta, GA 30332-0170 USA Robert K. Atkinson (email@example.com) Mississippi State University, Department Counselor Education and Educational Psychology, Box 9727, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA Learners can carry out new procedures or solve new problems that are quite similar to those on which they were trained, but they have difficulty when the novel cases involve more than minor changes from what they had previously studied. This transfer difficulty seems to stem from a tendency by many learners to memorize the steps of how equations are filled out rather than learning the deeper, conceptual knowledge that is implicit in the details. One type of knowledge structure that appears to aid procedural generalization is one organized by subgoals (Catrambone, 1998). A subgoal represents a meaningful conceptual piece of an overall solution procedure and can serve as a guide to which part of a previously-learned solution procedure needs to be modified for a novel problem. In the domain of mathematical problem solving there are often computationally-friendly solution approaches in which multiple solution steps are collapsed into a single formula. These formulas allow for the easy calculation of the solution by simply inserting the correct values into the formula. A major drawback of this approach is that it is restricted to solving a narrow range of problems that fall into predefined problem categories corresponding to solution formulas. A good example of such a contrast is the process of calculating sum of squared deviation scores (SS) for the variance terms in t-tests and analyses of variance (ANOVAs). The conceptual formula for SS in a t-test, translates directly into the sum of squared ∑ ( X − X ) deviations. This clearly captures how the variance term measures the amount of spread about the mean. In contrast, the computational formula for SS, ∑ X ( ∑ X ) 2 N permits the learner to calculate SS directly from raw scores which can lead to more efficient calculations, however, the computational formula conceals the notion of spread. We were also interested in the relative effectiveness of overview information presented to learners either before they studied an example or after they studied an example. Overview information offered as a pre- instructional aid might, like advance organizers, provide an organizing cognitive structure for receiving new material (Ausubel, 1968). However, a pre- example overview runs the risk of appearing too abstract and non-contextualized. A post-example overview might supplement or reinforce what was illustrated in the examples, thereby facilitating the integration and application of recently acquired procedural knowledge. Procedure and Hypothesis Participants (N = 112) studied a t-test example and a two-group ANOVA example that used either a conceptual or computational approach. Overview information either preceded or followed each example. Participants then solved two near transfer problems (a t- test problem and a two-group ANOVA problem) and a far transfer problem (a three-group ANOVA problem that required an adaptation of how variance was calculated). We hypothesized that consistent with a subgoal-learning approach, learners who studied examples with conceptually-oriented equations would transfer more successfully to novel problems compared to learners who studied examples using computationally-oriented equations. Results and Discussion The conceptual group outperformed the computational group on the 2-group ANOVA problem; this is a bit surprising because all participants studied a 2-group ANOVA example. One possible explanation for this finding is that the conceptual equations are easier to implement and to check for errors. The conceptual group was also more successful on the 3-group ANOVA problem which is consistent with the hypothesis that these participants were better able to modify the equation. There was no effect due to the position of the overview. This suggests several possibilities including: the material simply was not very effective; positioning of such material does not matter for learning in this domain; learners may have been less inclined to pay attention to it because the overview material essentially recapitulates the information provided in the examples (with a bit of elaboration) but without numbers. Brief References and Acknowledgments Ausubel, D. P. (1968). Educational psychology: A cognitive view. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston. Catrambone, R. (1998). The subgoal learning model: Creating better examples so that students can solve novel problems. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 127 (4), 355-376. This research was supported by AFOSR Grant F49620- 98-1-0362 to Richard Catrambone.


Ivanovich Tsvetkov Lev was born on November 4, 1938 in Kineshma of Ivanovo region. He graduated from the Radio Technical Faculty of the Moscow Aviation Institute in 1963. A brief professional biography is provided.


The aim of the current study was to analyze the diversity of the major surface protein (Msp) gene in Theileria buffeli, which is known as the major antigenic protein recognized by the immune system of the host. In addition, we characterized the diversification of the Msp gene and its relationship to with the pathogenicity of Theileria. Complete blood counts (CBC) and Theileria 18S rRNA PCR sequence analysis were performed for 177 Korean indigenous cattle (KIC) in Jeju Island. A total of 28 KIC (16 anemic and 12 non-anemic KIC) were then randomly selected based on 18s rRNA PCR positive samples for sequence analysis of the Theileria Msp gene, which was performed twice for each specimen. The resulting 56 Msp gene sequences were classified into five antigenicity types (type Ⅰ to Ⅴ), according to the variable region (517-571 bp), which exhibited high similarity (≥ 98.9%) to several available GenBank sequences (Theileria spp. from China-EU584237; T. sergenti from China-DQ078264; Theileria spp. from Thailand-AB081329; Theileria spp. from Japan-AB218442; T. sergenti from Japan-AB016280). The 56 Msp sequences consisted of 22, 15, 9, 8, and 2 cases of type Ⅰ to type Ⅴ Msp genes, respectively. The most prevalent type in both anemic and non-anemic KIC was type Ⅰ (37.5% in anemic and 41.7% in non-anemic). Among the remaining types, type Ⅱ was the most prevalent (37.5%) in anemic KIC, while type Ⅳ was the most prevalent (25%) in non-anemic KIC. The results of our study help confirm the diversity of Msp gene types and demonstrate that the gene type distribution of Msp genes varies among Theileria-infected KIC in Jeju Island.


Homogeneity of the Leocobryo-Pineturn phytocoenose was assessed on the grounds of the effect of area size on the species number and mean biomass value. It was confirmed that: I) species number was a logarithmic function of the area size; 2) relation of individual species biomass to the area size was, as a rule, other than rectilinear, 3) the size of phytocoenose floristicly representative area differed from that determined with respect to the standing biomass and 4) phytocoenose homogeneity is related to the scale defined by the size of representative area.


Abstract Dimethylammonium chlorochromate adsorbed on silica gel (DMCC/SiO2) makes the regeneration of carbonyl compounds from oximes, semicarbazones, 4-phenyl-semicarbazones, and p-nitrophenylhydrazones in good yields under mild and non-aqueous conditions.


This investigation is the fundamental study to clear the mechanism of sound radiation from a machine structure and an architecture. In this paper, the sound radiation of an unbaffled beam of rectangular cross section is cleared. The relation between the amplitude of velocity and the sound pressure of an unbaffled beam is theoretically analyzed in consideration of the following cases. 1) The plane wave is radiated from a vibrating beam. 2) The mechanism of sound radiation from a vibrating beam is equivalent to that from two spherical sound sources. The analytic results are verified by experiments. It is concluded that in these experimental results, the sound pressure of an unbaffled beam is influenced by the amplitude of velocity, excitation frequency, the dimension of rectangular cross section of beam, and the distance from origin to observation point. In the latter, an agreement between the experimental results and the numerical results is obtained, but it is not so in the former.


An 84‐year‐old man with diabetes mellitus presented with a right orbital apex syndrome. In the orbital magnetic resonance imaging, the fat‐suppressed T2‐weighted image showed a hyperintense parallel linear lesion on the right optic nerve and a ring lesion around it, producing the "tram‐track" sign on the axial view and the "donut configuration" on the coronal view. A trans‐sphenoid endoscopic orbital biopsy showed an infection of Aspergillus fumigatus. Despite treatment with oral voriconazole, the patient died from deterioration of chronic heart failure. An autopsy found normal tissue around the orbital portion of bilateral optic nerves, while Aspergillus was found around the optic chiasm. The "tram‐track" sign and the "donut configuration" in the orbital magnetic resonance imaging were beneficial for the diagnosis of invasive sino‐orbital aspergillosis.


Objectives: The aim of this study was to share the results, follow-up, and treatment characteristics of our pregnant women who were followed-up with anti-Toxoplasma gondii Immunoglobulin (Ig) M positivity during pregnancy. Methods: Anti-T. gondii IgMand IgG-positive pregnant women were evaluated between 2014-2018. Demographic characteristics, treatment, and information about pregnancy were obtained from the electronic database. Pregnant women were divided into three groups; primary infection, no infection, and suspected infection in pregnancy. Primary and suspected infection in pregnancy were followed up congenital toxoplasmosis risky pregnancy. Fetal ultrasonography (USG), T. gondii DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) result in amniotic fluid were recorded. Results: Twenty-four pregnant women with a mean age of 27.9 years were followed up. IgG avidity results were low in 37.5% (n = 9), intermediate avidity in 8.3% (n = 2), and high avidity in 54.2% (n = 13) of pregnant women. Eleven (45.9%) pregnant women had congenital toxoplasmosis risky pregnancy. Fetal USG was performed on ten pregnant women, and no signs of congenital toxoplasmosis were found. Amniocentesis was performed in 72.7% (n = 8) of the participants, and the amniotic fluid T. gondii DNA-PCR result was negative in all of them. Ten (90.9%) pregnancies resulted in mature birth and one (9.1%) resulted in miscarriage. Conclusions: Anti-T. gondii IgM positivity is an indication of acute infection. But IgM can persist for years, and be false-positive in pregnancy. Therefore, additional tests are required, and leading to emotional distress and unnecessary interventions in pregnacy women. These results can aid in developing an approach to screening and diagnosis of T. gondii infection in pregnancy.


Inhibition of pancreatic ATP‐sensitive K+ (KATP) channels is the intended effect of oral sulphonylureas to increase insulin release in diabetes. However, pertinent to off‐target effects of sulphonylurea medication, sex differences in cardiac KATP channel function exist, whereas potential sex differences in vascular KATP channel function remain unknown. In the present study, we assessed vascular KATP channel function (topical glibenclamide superfused onto fast‐twitch oxidative skeletal muscle) supporting blood flow and interstitial O2 delivery‐utilization matching ( PO2is) during twitch contractions in male, female during pro‐oestrus and ovariectomized female (F+OVX) rats. Glibenclamide decreased blood flow (convective O2 transport) and interstitial PO2 in male and female, but not F+OVX, rats. Compared to males, females also demonstrated impaired diffusive O2 transport and a faster fall in interstitial PO2 . Our demonstration, in rats, that sex differences in vascular KATP channel function exist support the tentative hypothesis that oral sulphonylureas may exacerbate exercise intolerance and morbidity, especially in premenopausal females.


As the travel demands of society are increased, road networks are also expected to supply better service by many ways including proper transportation planning and traffic policies. This paper proposed a solution for evaluating traffic policies to reduce traffic congestion in urban road network in Sukhumvit area Bangkok Thailand. The probability distribution of link traffic flows were constructed and then, random variables were generated to reflect the fluctuation of volumes. The Least Squared Error Model was employed to estimate Origin Destination demands consistent with the link volumes available. The traffic simulation NETSIM (NETwork SIMulation) was applied to simulate the actual traffic condition in Sukhumvit area. The improvement of traffic condition after changing traffic policies was shown by the improvement of total vehicle-kilometer and average travel time for the whole network. Three scenarios were proposed in the paper: changing one-way roads to two-way roads, constructing new roads and changing one-way roads to two-way roads accompanied by constructing new roads.


AbstractConstruction sector productivity is of great importance for the government and policymakers because it determines a nation's future living standards and creates a competitive business envir...


We screened marine fungus with antitumor activity,identified strains with better activity and studies their physio-biochemical properties of active metabolites.31 strains of fungus were isolated from near-coast sediments in Lianyungang,and antitumor activities were found in their culture broths,among them 4 strains showed strong cytotoxic activity against HepG2(inhibition ratio80%).The results showed that the culture broth of strain HGQ6 possessed multiple cell toxicities against many tumor cell strains;the antitumor active metabolites had moderate polarity,better heat and acid stability.Based on its morphological characteristics and internal transcribed spacer(ITS) sequence,strain HGQ6 was identified as Penicillium chrysogenum.


The water has become an emotive issue with the people. Thenbsp paper presentsnbsp groundwater quality assessmentsnbsp of Mandawa town and itrsquos surrounding area of Jhunjhunu district (Rajasthan). The results of this analysis were compared with the water quality standards of WHO AND BIS. The water samples were collected from 15 open wells and tube wellsnbsp in Mandawa town and itrsquos surrounding area. In this analysis the various physicochemical parameters such as pH , EC, Total Dissolved Solids(TDS), Total Hardness(TH), Alkalinity, F-,nbsp Cl-,nbsp NO3-nbsp were determined using standard procedures.

The study reveals that the concentration of major constituents are not within the permissible limits of IS (10500-2012). It is observed that the water is polluted and affecting the human healthnbsp in certain areas. Hence a study has been carried out for the quality of the available groundwater.


One of the development priorities is the strategy of decentralization by granting the regions the fullest possible autonomy to administer and handle government affairs within the context of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, Today, many new models and principles of management have been used, especially in the business world, to be implemented in the education world later on. School-based management, where policy enforcement operates linearly from policy decisions, implementers and public policy results, is one of the models adopted. The application of the Van Meter and Van Horn Model Policy explains that many interrelated variables affect policy efficiency, one of which is the criteria and policy priorities / steps and policy targets that are the metrics used in this analysis, Technique used in this thesis is a qualitative research methodology with a system of descriptive analysis. The aims and priorities of the MBS program have received a favorable feedback from the education unit based on the study outcomes, but the reaction and level of public awareness have not been ideal. This is due to the lack of socialization in educational units, notably at junior high school level, where expectations and targets have been developed and the policy success can be assessed, although it can not be a certainty that the policy goals will be accomplished. If there is no engagement from authorities or individuals or groups of individuals who are responsible for enforcing public policy at the level of regional government.


Road trailer (1) according to the invention, under the chassis (2) comprising a fixed traction rod device (4) has a main wheel set (3) and the secondary wheel set (6). Storing means (M, V, 6d) is either through a selectively through the main wheel set (3) or secondary wheel set (6) on the load the trailer (1) the ground (S) in such a way is placed in, it makes it possible to move the wheel set (6). Directing means, trailer (1) Gaken'in is the towing vehicle (5) secondary wheel set according retraction path is followed by (6) to be let oriented in that direction. To direct the secondary wheel set (6), to be maintained along the axis of the trailer (1) Always towing vehicle (5) during retraction.


Abstract : The lattice parameters of six binary titanium alloys (3.10A1, 4.99a1, 2.11V, 4.04V, 1.37Sn, and 2.56Sn) were determined over temperature range 300 to 5K using the powder x-ray diffraction technique. Both the 'a' and 'c' lattice parameters decreased linearly from 300K to a 'break point' between 125 and 100K. The 'a' lattice parameter then continued to decrease, at a reduced rate, from the 'break point' to 5K. Below the 'break point' the 'c' lattice parameter either remained constant or continued to decrease at a reduced rate, depending on the alloy.


Elsholtzia ciliata, Gardenia Jasminoides, Illicium verum, Cuminum cyminum, etc among more than 30 kinds of plant material had stronger antibacterial property against Bacillus subtilis. Concentrated solution of plant material added into sausage improved sausage flavor, Illicium verum, Cuminum cyminum, etc had better preservative effect. Higher Illicium verum content of mixed concentrated solution had stronger antibacterial property; higher Illicium verum content could notably restrain microorganisms growth also.


Abstract In a proposed methodology for probabilistic calculation of elastic parameters from seismic reflectivities, one can focus on bulk density and VP/VS ratios and how those change at a layer interface. The probabilistic approach helps to model uncertainties in the elastic parameters. Zoeppritz's equation for calculation of PP reflection coefficients (RCs) is used to create 2D conditional probability density functions (CPDFs) of model parameters which are constructed by systematic grid search over the entire space of the model parameters. The method accurately recovers even highly irregular (nonelliptical) PDFs with multiple maxima. Moreover, it finds a global maximum, as opposed to many other techniques in which the algorithms, if supplied by a poor initial set of parameters, can become "stuck" in a local maximum. No empirical relationships are built into the method. The final products include "most probable" as well as uncertainty maps of various rock properties. The methodology was tested in a North...


Take knob as the example,introduced the process of product modelling and mold design using the Pro/E software.Elaborated this product 3D design method in detail,introduced with emphasis the mold design cycle and design of the parting surface,the mold die space and the core.Elaborated the plastic mold design using Pro/E in the high efficiency characteristic.


Thrombospondin Type 1 Repeats (TSRs) are small cysteine‐rich domains found in multiple cell‐surface and secreted proteins. TSRs containing the consensus sequence Cxx(S/T)C are typically modified on the serine or threonine with an O‐linked Glcβ1‐3Fuc disaccharide. The O‐fucose is added by Protein O‐fucosyltransferase 2 (POFUT2), which is then elongated by β1‐3glucosyltransferase (B3GLCT). Elimination of Pofut2 in mice results in early embryonic lethality, and human mutations in B3GLCT cause Peters Plus Syndrome (PPS), a Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation. POFUT2 and B3GLCT are localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) ‐ the folding compartment for proteins in the secretory pathway, and POFUT2 only adds fucose to properly folded TSRs. Thus, POFUT2 appears to function as a folding sensor for TSRs, and both POFUT2 and B3GLCT have been proposed to assist in the folding of TSR‐containing proteins. Interestingly, loss of POFUT2 causes secretion defects for most TSR‐containing proteins, while loss of B3GLCT only effects secretion of a subset of these proteins. The mechanisms behind why POFUT2 is required for section of most TSR‐containing proteins but B3GLCT is required for only a few is not understood. We hypothesize that this unique disaccharide on TSRs is interacting with amino acids in close proximity to the sugars thereby stabilizing the folded state of TSRs and ultimately the protein as a whole, and that the fucose has the major stabilizing effect, while the glucose is only required for some TSRs. To test this hypothesis, we designed a Reductive Unfolding Assay to monitor the effects of the sugars on the stability of TSRs. We have identified amino acids affected by the presence of the fucose or glucose using NMR and molecular dynamics simulations. We have mutated several of these amino acids to determine if they reduce the stabilizing effects of the sugars using the reductive unfolding assay. One such mutant, P547A in TSR3 from human thrombospondin‐1, decreases the sugar‐mediated stabilization of TSR3, providing evidence that the disaccharide stabilizes the folded state by interacting with certain amino acids in close proximity. We are examining the stabilizing effects of the fucose and glucose on several other TSRs as well. These results provide further evidence that POFUT2 and B3GLCT act as quality control enzymes inside the ER.


FIELD: biotechnology. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of biotechnology, specifically to the production of antibodies against interleukin-6, and can be used in medicine. Resulting antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof is used in a pharmaceutical composition, as well as for the preparation of medicaments for the treatment or diagnosis of diseases or for the relief of symptoms, which are mediated by interleukin-6. Nucleic acid molecule, the expression vector and the cell line are also studied. In addition, the method for producing the antibody and its antigen-binding fragment is described. EFFECT: invention provides for the obtainment of the anti-IL6 antibody, which is capable of specifically binding to the human interleukin-6 receptor and has a significant inhibitory effect on the function of interleukin-6. 19 cl, 18 dwg, 21 ex, 8 tbl


This was a non-reactive research using secondary data (n = 57) aimed to aplication contingency table (2X2) to know caries tooth based on sex. Analysis tecnic contingency table with computer programs SPSS 13. The result shown χ2 hitung = 0.010 < 0.05(1) 3.481 tabel χ2 0.05(1) = 3.481, there is not difference among caries with sex. Caries is not influenced by just the sex, but some other for example age, geografi, etnis, social economic, nutrisi-diet and behavior to take care tooth health. Keywords: caries


Abstract. This article analyzes the influences that Walter Bradford Cannon, one of the most important physiologists of the 20th century, received from two main figures from such discipline: Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig and Henry Pickering Bowditch. The first run the most important laboratory of physiology of the 19th century, the Leipzig Institute of Physiology. Bowditch, who spent some time working in the Leipzig Institute under the former, founded the first American laboratory of physiology at Harvard University. The Harvard Laboratory of Physiology is where Walter Cannon acquired his methodology and his passion for researching, being its director at the end. This article narrates the life and work of Ludwig and Bowditch in order to understand their legacy and their influence in Walter Cannon. The epistemological and methodological perspective of Bowditch and Ludwig is described. Their mechanistic stance in physiology passed from one to the other thanks to the institutionalization of physiology, that is, the creation, development and spread of physiological laboratories. These practices reached Cannon trough Bowditch. However, Cannon assumed the mechanistic physiology perspective as a method only, changing its epistemology into a holistic one. The innovative approach of this paper is focus on the roll that the institutionalization of physiology had in the legacy that led to Cannon. This is important if we want to understand that Cannon, one of the main figures of holistic physiology, first worked influenced by the mechanistic method and epistemology. Key words. Walter Bradford Cannon, Henry Pickering Bowditch, Carl Ludwig, Harvard laboratory of physiology, Leipzig Institute of Physiology.


Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) presents a significant challenge clinically, with poor overall survival and widespread resistance to conventional therapies. Several novel molecular targets are being considered in the management of PDAC patients. To this end, as hyperactive PI3K signaling is implicated in both disease incidence and progression, the inhibition of PI3K p110γ isoform is showing early promise in vivo and has been proposed as a reasonable target for therapy. Classically, p110γ is expressed predominantly in macrophages. However, using both primary pancreatic cancer samples and established patient databases, we found that p110γ is commonly upregulated in the cancer epithelium. Further, p110γ is expressed in human cell lines, and the pharmacologic inhibition of p110γ with AS-604850 both delayed mtKRAS/mtTP53-induced acinar-to-ductal metaplasia ex vivo, and sensitized tumor cells to gemcitabine in vitro. Given the apparent importance of epithelial p110γ to the neoplastic phenotype, we next generated mice with constitutive activation of p110γ targeted to the exocrine pancreas (PI3KγCA). When combined with a KRAS activating mutation, PI3KγCA mice developed highly advanced disease forms with robust fibrosis, inflammation, and AKT activation/proliferation. In accordance with these observations, both homo- and heterozygous global deletion of p110γ protected against KRAS-induced tumorigenesis, reducing downstream AKT signaling and proliferation in vivo. However, despite the reduction in tumor burden, mutant KRAS mice with p110γ-deficiency displayed early signs of hepatotoxicity. Since p110γ has several key roles in lipid metabolism, we next assessed p110γ loss in the setting of a high-fat diet (HFD). These mtKRAS/p110γKO mice developed pronounced hyperlipidemia and severe hepatic cell injury/steatosis. Additionally, the previously observed protective effect in the pancreas was markedly diminished, and neoplastic tissues displayed pronounced AKT pathway activation, indicating potential compensatory signaling through non-p110γ isoforms. Indeed, how p110γ loss and lipid accumulation in liver impact development of mtKRAS-induced neoplasia and cancer is a very interesting future aim. Combined, these observations suggest that systemic p110γ inhibition should be carefully considered, particularly given the potential for reduced efficacy, hyperlipidemia, and hepatic injury in obese patients, unless specific targeting to the pancreas can be achieved. Citation Format: Carolina Torres, Daniel R. Principe, Alex Park, Ronald McKinney, Matthew J. Dorman, Ajay Rana, Emilio Hirsch, Jose Cordoba-Chacon, Paul J. Grippo. PI3Kγ-deficiency protects against pancreatic tumorigenesis at the expense of diet-Induced hyperlipidemia and hepatotoxicity [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4988.


Hydatid disease involvement of primary subcutaneous tissue in the posterior proximal thigh – an unusual localization A 29-year-old woman was admitted with a painful mass on the proximal thigh. She had no allergic symptoms, such as pruritus or chronic urticaria. On physical examination, an immobile, 5 × 5-cm-sized mass was palpated in the posterior proximal thigh. Parasitologic serologic tests, indirect hemagglutination (titer of 1/320), and Western blotting were positive for hydatid disease. A multiloculated, well-circumscribed, cystic lesion with dimensions of 6 × 5 × 4 cm was revealed in the subcutaneous fatty tissue of the left proximal thigh on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (Figs 1 and 2) and ultrasonography (US). Computed tomography of the abdomen, pelvis, and thorax was normal. The patient was taken into the operating room for the prediagnosis of hydatid cyst. The cystic mass was totally excised with its own capsule, and the patient was discharged on the same day. Histopathologic examination of the specimen confirmed a cyst composed of an inner nucleated, germinative layer and an outer, opaque, non-nucleated layer. Chemotherapy with albendazole (10 mg/kg) was given postoperatively for 6 months. During follow-up (for 1 year), no recurrence was observed with radiologic and serologic methods.


Carbonated hydroxyapatite of predominant B-type of substitution has been synthesized at various temperatures, carbonate concentrations and time of immersion in mother solution. Carbonated hydroxyapatite synthesized at 80 °C contains the largest amount (up to 9 wt.%) of calcite impurity and has a low specific surface area (40 m2/g). Lowering the synthesis temperature to 20 °C leads to a slight decrease in the content of calcite impurity (up to 5–7 wt.%) and an increase in the specific surface up to 125 m2/g. The introduction of the maturation stage for carbonated hydroxyapatite precipitated at 20 °C for 4 days suppresses the calcite impurity formation and leads to the increase in the specific surface up to 155 m2/g.


Managing information resources including protecting the privacy of customer data plays a critical role in most firms. Data breach incidents may be extremely costly for firms. In the face of a data breach event, some firms are reluctant to disclose information to the public. Firm may be concerned with the potential drop in the market value following the revelation of a data breach. This paper examines the impact of data breach incidents to the firm's market value/equity value, and explores the possibility that certain firm behaviors may reduce the cost of the incidents. We use regression analysis to identify the factors that affect cumulative abnormal stock return (CAR). Our results indicate that when data breach happens, firms not only should notify customers or the public timely, but also try to control the amount of information disclosed. These findings should provide corporate executives with guidance on managing public disclosure of data breach incidents.


The question of whether intonation events have a categorical mental representations similar to those of segments has long been a puzzle in prosodic research. Traditionally, researchers have attempted to answer this question by examining perception and production across boundaries of alleged intonation categories differing in peak height or peak alignment in various languages. Results that both support and contradict the categorical representation of intonation events have emerged. Since examining perception across the boundaries of categories has not led to a decisive conclusion, we must consider other ways to answer the question of how intonation is represented. An alternative approach is to look for evidence of categoricalness within a postulated category. If intonation categories resemble segmental categories in having category-internal structure, then we can conclude that prosodic organisation and representation is categorical in nature, and prosody is compatible with the same categorisation and processing mechanisms proposed for the segmental domain.


Both the ELISA test and the gelatin particle agglutination test suggest a high prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) in Papua New Guinea. Analysis of blood samples from 317 apparently healthy children and adults in the East Sepik Province indicated a seropositivity rate of 26% while a geographically more extensive study of 328 Papua New Guinea nationals revealed a prevalence of 16%. In the authors more recent analyses of seropositivity for HTLV-1 antibody among 944 blood donors from 7 provinces of Papua New Guinea the percent positive ranged from lows of 16% in the Western Highlands Province and 17.2% in Central Papua Province to highs of 33.5% in North Solomons Islands and 39.6% in the North Coasts Morobe Province. Despite these high prevalence rates in Papua New Guinea there is a low occurrence of the diseases (T-cell leukemia and spastic paraparesis) for which this virus is thought to be responsible. In addition the distribution of HTLV-1 seroprevalence in the 7 provinces does not parallel the prevalence of malaria. Thus it seems unlikely that HTLV-1 seropositivity in Papua New Guinea is entirely due either to HTLV-1 or to cross-reactivity with malaria immune complexes.


The morphologies and corrosion resistance of Ti-O film made by electrodeposition at different current density are studied.The results show that Ti-O film was very homogeneous and dense,and little crack at 5 mA/cm2 current density;but there are better thermodynamics stabilization and corrosion resistance when the electrodepositing current density is 20 mA/cm2.


The Process Facility Modification proposed for the Hanford PUREX plant includes control of gaseous radioiodine. In support of the Westinghouse Hanford Company design effort for the PFM, the Pacific Northwest Laboratory has evaluated caustic scrubbing and the use of silver-containing solid sorbents to remove iodine from the dissolver offgas (DOG) stream. The present report describes the behavior of several silver-containing zeolites and silver nitrate-impregnated silicic acid tested under conditions simulating normal and standby operation of the PFM. These studies found that the silver zeolites, Norton silver mordenite (NAgZ), Linde silver mordenite (LAgZ), and partially silver-exchanged Linde silver faujasite (PAgX), can routinely reduce the gaseous iodine concentration in a simulated PFM DOG to <10/sup -5/ ..mu..mol I/L, while a commercially produced silver nitrate-impregnated silicic acid (AgNO/sub 3/Si) could not at these test conditions. Tests simulating standby operation of beds loaded up to 0.25 ..mu..mol I/g sorbent indicate that standby operation will not result in effluent concentrations above 10/sup -5/ ..mu..mol I/L. At higher loadings standby operation initially caused iodine to migrate from NAgZ. There were indications that the iodine tends to stabilize with time, but insufficient information is available to fully characterize these reactions. 4 refs., 2 tabs., 5 figs.


PURPOSE: A connecting structure for circuit boards and a connecting method using the same are provided to align circuit boards using solder bumps without additional equipments for a connecting process. CONSTITUTION: A first circuit board(10) includes at least one first connecting terminal. A second circuit board(20) includes at least one second connecting terminal(22). The second connecting terminal includes a connecting part(23) which accepts at least part of solder bumps. The second circuit board includes a through part(26) which accepts at least part of the solder bumps. The solder bumps(30) are arranged in the first connecting terminal.


With the increasing speed and decreasing size of current microprocessors and microchips the dimensions of their heat sinks are continuously shrinking from mini size to micro size. The most extensively used and practical micro heat sinks are plain microchannels which find applications in many areas besides electronics cooling such as in microreactors, fuel cells, drug delivery, micropropulsion and automotive industry. Because of their widespread usage, they attracted the attention of many researchers, which gave rise to many studies on single-phase as well as on flow boiling. The proposed study aims at filling the gap in heat and fluid flow in microchannels at high mass velocities in the literature. For this purpose single-phase fluid (de-ionized water) flow was investigated over a broad range of mass velocity (1300 kg/m2 s-7200 kg/m2 s) in a microtube with an inner diameter of ∼ 250 μm. Besides comparing the experimental results in fully developed flow to the theory, the focus of this study is on thermally developing flows. Wall temperatures and pressure drops were measured and processed to obtain heat transfer coefficients, Nusselt numbers and friction factors. It was found that the existing theory about developing flows could fairly predict experimental data on developing flows in microscale for both laminar and turbulent conditions.Copyright © 2010 by ASME


There is a text called "Jing Si," part of the document "Feng Zhen Shi" found among the Qin bamboo strips unearthed in Shuihudi. It contains a record of Shi Wubing hanging himself. After he was discovered, a notice of the incident was sent to the county government. The county sent two officials (lingshi and laolichen) to accompany the deceased man's wife and daughter in examining the scene. The report describes in detail the process of investigation and provides explanation of the various parts of the examination. The unearthing of this text pushes our knowledge of ancient Chinese law and medicine even further back in history. It also reveals that a relatively mature investigation process was in place during the Qin dynasty, as well as that investigations were already linked together with the civil law. Therefore, "Jing Si" is an important document, not just in understanding the investigation process, but also in researching Qin legal documents, civil procedures, and the history of law and medicine in China.


If the year 1957 registers on the historical record of New Zealand drama, it is likely for one event only: the first performances of Bruce Mason's The Pohutukawa Tree in Wellington and Auckland in workshops produced by the New Zealand Players. In The Plays of Bruce Mason, John Smythe argues Mason's Tree is a 'seminal work of contemporary New Zealand drama [...] a true classic in both craft and content'.1 However, it was another Tree that made the greater immediate impact. Stella Jones's The Tree debuted in April 1957 in a production by the Rapier Players in Bristol, England. Following workshop productions in Wellington and Lower Hutt in 1958, the New Zealand Players scheduled an inaugural tour by a second company to play in forty-five North Island towns opening in Hokitika on March 10 and closing in Otaki on May 8, 1959. The Players' Artistic Director, Stafford Byrne, recorded in the program that the players were 'breaking new ground [...] although plays with a New Zealand background have been presented before, The Tree is the first to embark on a full-scale tour of the country'.2 The production was designed for both small and large venues, which allowed the tour to include towns the Players had not previously visited. In his review of the production, Robert Chapman concluded that 'there are not as yet many significant New Zealand plays, but Stella Jones has written what is, in my opinion, the finest so far produced'.3 Unlike The Pohutukawa Tree, The Tree has not received any subsequent professional revivals, and is all but unknown today. The red flowers of Mason's play completely overshadow Jones's.Jones's The Tree was a significant milestone in the period. As Nola Millar wrote in her review, 'few New Zealand plays in the three act field win production on our stages and even fewer of them are ever published'.4 In the 1950s New Zealand playwrights analogised themselves as gardeners and cultivators. James K. Baxter saw Allen Curnow's 1948 play The Axe as a 'seed of a new tradition in drama' in a country that had 'no native drama'.5 Bruce Mason said the prospective New Zealand playwright needed 'climate, soil and "the time for sowing"', but once the seed was sown, the problem was 'how to keep the plant alive'.6 Ronald Barker in 1962 wrote that 'most plays seen on the New Zealand stage are foreign, that is, written for a different country, people and theatre'.7 In one scene in The Tree the characters rehearse J. M. Barrie's 1901 play Quality Street for their regional theatre production, oblivious to the incongruity of performing the play on a New Zealand back porch. Theatre historian John Thomson wrote that 'home-produced plays in general met with indifference, distaste, and even hostility'.8 The 1966 entry on theatre in An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand recorded that 'the story of New Zealand drama has not been an impressive one. There has been only sporadic production of local work and no body of dramatic writing of any consequence'.9 While it is true that there was no body of dramatic writing, a re-evaluation of this period sees the skeleton being formed of which The Tree should be recognised as a substantial component.An important aspect of New Zealand identity developed in The Tree is the pull to leave for overseas travel and opportunities. The Tree opens on the back porch of the Willis family home in a 'New Zealand town', outside of Auckland, circa 1957 (Act Two takes place as a flashback to the 1940s, 15 years prior). The play revolves around the Willis family grouping of ageing father Herbert, and, in a Chekhovian nod, three sisters: Lucy and Daisy who still live with their father, and black sheep Hilda who left fifteen years earlier, aged nineteen, to travel overseas. New Zealander Alice Kemp (taking Alice Fraser as her stage name) played Lucy in the Rapier Players production. Kemp's biography finds echoes in the play: step-granddaughter of Prime Minister Peter Fraser, she left New Zealand for London in 1934 aged sixteen, trained at The Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London, and returned to Wellington in 1977. …


We investigated the effects of continuous and massiye intake of chitosan with sodium ascorbate (AsN) on the mineral and the fat-soluble yitamin status in male Sprague-Dawley rats fed on a high-fat diet. The apparent fat digestibility in the chitosan-receiving group was significantly lower than that in the celluloseor glucosamine-receiving group. Chitosan feeding for 2 weeks caused a decrease in minera] absorption and bone mineral content, and it was necessary to administer twice the amount of Ca in the AIN-76 formula, which was supplemented with AsN, to prevent such a decrease in the bone mineral content. Moreoyer, the ingestion of chitosan along with AsN led to a marked and rapid decrease in the serum vitamin E leyel, while


Objective
To investigate the associations of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T polymorphism with white matter lesion (WML) in a Chinese Han population.

Methods
A toal of 104 patients with WML and 74 controls were recruited. Hcy level and MTHFR gene C677T polymorphism were determined. The degree of severity of the WML was evaluated using a modified Scheltens scale.

Results
The plasma Hcy level (median and interquartile range, 16.81[11.33-18.92]μmol/L vs. 11.40[8.28-14.23] μmol/L; Z=5.415, P=0.001) and the proportion (85.6% vs. 54.1%; χ2=28.535, P<0.001) of patients with hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in the WML group were significantly higher than those in the control group. However, there were no significant differences in the frequencies of C677T genotype (χ2=1.255, P=0.534) and allele (χ2=1.057, P=0.304). There are 89 patients with HHcy and 15 patient with normal Hcy in 104 patients with WML. The modified Scheltens scale score in the HHcy subgroup was higher that in the normal Hcy subgroup (8.06±5.61 vs. 5.80±2.98; t=2.324, P=0.027). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (odds ratio[OR] 1.090, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.049-1.133; P=0.001), hypertension (OR 1.719, 95% CI 1.645-2.307; P<0.001), and HHcy (OR 1.128, 95% CI 1.044-1.219; P=0.002) were the independent risk factors for white matter lesions.

Conclusions
HHcy is an independent risk factor for WML, whereas the MTHFR gene C677T polymorphism is not associated with WML.

Key words:
Homocysteine; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2); Polymorphism, Genetic; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; White Matter; Risk Factors


The hydrogen adsorption strength and activity of each catalytic site greatly influence the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) kinetics of electrocatalysts. It remains a challenge to effectively activate catalytic sites for interfacial carbon-catalyzed electrocatalysts. Here, we report a polyoxomolybdate-derived carbon-encapsulated multicomponent catalyst with nanowire structure. The activation of catalytic sites and enhancement of HER kinetics are achieved by incorporating tiny MoO2 and Ni nanoparticles into a N-doped carbon layer (denoted as MoO2–Ni@NC). The MoO2–Ni@NC catalyst possesses a remarkable HER activity and is superior to most carbon-encapsulated electrocatalysts. In particular, it achieves a low overpotential of 58 mV at −10 mA cm−2, and a high exchange current density of 0.375 mA cm−2 with good stability (up to 80 000 s) in 0.5 M H2SO4. Theoretical analyses suggest that the N-doped carbon layer acts as an active adsorption site for hydrogen. The inner MoO2–Ni species behave as effective promoters to synergistically modulate the hydrogen adsorption strength on the interfacial carbon and enable the active sites to be more efficient. The synthesis strategy and the revealed catalytic mechanism can guide the rational design of high-efficiency carbon-encapsulated HER electrocatalysts.


Dr. Engelmann's note on Eschscholtzia Californica, in the GAZETTE, reminds me of the broad patches of this plant growing at Santa Cruz on chalky hills. I have seen a mat three feet in diameter growing from one thick root, with plenty of remains of former flowering stems still attached to the plant, showing that it is a perennial as Dr. E. suggests. It is strikingly different from the annual form in Southern Utah, but I doubt its claim to distinctness because of being a perennial. The base of the petiole of leaves of Ivesiae Kingii are strikingly hairy, but the hairs are concealed by the decaying remains of the outer leaves. The pubescence is as remarkable as that of


The music source separation problem, where the task at hand is to estimate the audio components that are present in a mixture, has been at the centre of research activity for a long time. In more recent frameworks, the problem is tackled by creating deep learning models, which attempt to extract information from each component by using Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) spectrograms as input. Most approaches assume that one source is present at each time-frequency point, which allows to allocate this point from the mixture to the desired source. Since this assumption is strong and is reported not to hold in practice, there is a problem that arises from the use of the magnitude of the STFT as input to these networks, which is the absence of the Fourier phase information during the separated source reconstruction. The recovery of the Fourier phase information is neither easily tractable, nor computationally efficient to estimate. In this paper, we propose a novel Attentive MultiResUNet architecture, that uses real-valued Short-Time Discrete Cosine Transform data as inputs. This step avoids the phase recovery problem, by estimating the appropriate values within the network itself, rather than employing complex estimation or post-processing algorithms. The proposed novel network features a U-Net type structure with residual skip connections and an attention mechanism that correlates the skip connection and the decoder output at the previous level. The proposed network is used for the first time in source separation and is more computationally efficient than state-of-the-art separation networks and features favourable performance compared to the state-of-the-art with a fraction of the computational cost.


This paper describes the Levinson and Schur solutions to the adaptive _filtering and parameter estimation problem of recursive least squares @US) processing. Unnormalized and normalized versions of a newly developed Schur RLS adaptive filter are presented. A systolic array of the Schur RLS adaptivejllter is devised and its performance is illustrated with a typical example. The classical Levinson, and Schur algorithms drop out as special cases of the more general Levinson and Schur RLS adaptivejlltering algorithms. In the _final section, we review the recently introduced split Levinson and Schur algorithms which are obtained by a clever exploitation of the symmetry in the Toeplitz-structured extended Normal Equations. ANY adaptive signal processing tasks involve the solution of sysM tems of linear equations where the system matrix has special properties. In the theory of linear prediction of stationary random sequences, it is well known that the determination of the optimal predictor coefficients involves the solution of a linear system of equations with a system matrix having Toeplitz structure. An order


Despite active investigation of copolymer‐1 (Cop‐1) for nearly 40 years the mechanisms underlying its neuroprotective properties remain contentious. Nonetheless, current dogma for Cop‐1 neuroprotective activities in autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases include bystander suppression of autoimmune T cells and attenuation of microglial responses. In this report, we demonstrate that Cop‐1 interacts directly with primary human neurons and decreases neuronal cell death induced by staurosporine or oxidative stress. This neuroprotection is mediated through protein kinase Cα and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor. Dendritic cells (DC) uptake Cop‐1, deliver it to the injury site, and release it in an active form. Interactions between Cop‐1 and DC enhance DC blood brain barrier migration. In a rat model with optic nerve crush injury, Cop‐1‐primed DC induce T cell independent neuroprotection. These findings may facilitate the development of neuroprotective approaches using DC‐mediated Cop‐1 delivery to diseased nervous tissue.


:  This article affirms that Luther's theology of the cross should serve as a counterpoint to ideologies like the prosperity gospel that encourage adherents to amass personal wealth while remaining indifferent to the suffering of others. To employ Luther's theology of the cross responsibly, however, one must take into consideration the feminist critique that it potentially encourages passive suffering and abuse, especially on the part of women in abusive situations who are told to 'bear their cross' and simply endure what they suffer. A second theology of the cross implicit in Luther's writings, one that portrays God not as the cause of suffering but as the healing power that brings life out of suffering and death that already exists, provides the basis for a rejection of the prosperity gospel while meeting (at least partially) the concern of feminist critics.


Animal studies have shown that acetylcholine (ACh) levels in the dorsal striatum play a role in reversal learning. However, this has not been studied in humans due to a lack of appropriate non‐invasive techniques. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‐MRS) can be used to measure metabolite levels in humans in vivo. Although it cannot be used to study ACh directly, 1H‐MRS can be used to study choline, an ACh precursor, which is linked to activity‐dependent ACh release. The aim of this study was to use functional‐1H‐MRS (fMRS) to measure changes in choline levels in the human dorsal striatum during performance of a probabilistic reversal learning task. We demonstrate a task‐dependent decrease in choline, specifically during reversal, but not initial, learning. We interpret this to reflect a sustained increase in ACh levels, which is in line with findings from the animal literature. This task‐dependent change was specific to choline and was not observed in control metabolites. These findings provide support for the use of fMRS in the in vivo study of the human cholinergic system.


Dielectric materials with dielectric constant (K) less than the conventionally used SiO 2 (K = 3.9) are gaining importance particularly for low voltage operated integrated circuits due to their ability to reduce signal propagation delays, power dissipation, and cross talk when used as interconnect dielectrics. In this paper, we report for the first time a low temperature chemical vapor deposition technique for the deposition of the copolymeric Teflon amorphous fluoropolymer 1600 which is a new low K material with a value of K of about 1.93. The principle of direct liquid injection in an ultraviolet (UV) light-assisted rapid isothermal processing system was followed. The film properties for films processed using our technique and the conventional spin-on method were compared. A significant improvement in dielectric performance and material usage efficiency was observed for the films processed using chemical vapor deposition.


How to control the"safety allowance"reasonably at each phase of materials,design,fabrication, test,examination,building,pre-service and in-service operation and others in ASME-BPVC was preliminarily discussed.The two quantitative requirements of"safety factor"and"acceptance criteria"were dissected.The responsibilities of controlled documents and personnel to assure"safety allowance"were also represented.


Five new species of Tylenchus Bastian, 1865 from the Canadian high Arctic are described. T. neodavainei n. sp., differs from T. davainei in having finer annules on the lip region and a more slender body. T. stylolineatus n. sp. differs from T. (Tylenchus) arcuatus in having a lower lip region, finer lip annulation, and spear knobs rounded. T. hazenensis n. sp. differs from T. (Filenchus) thornei in not having an offset lip region which is finely annulated and a needle-shaped tail terminus. T. hazenensis differs from T. (Filenchus) ruatus in the ratio between the anterior and posterior portions of the spear length, the tail proportionally shorter and broader, and the basal esophageal bulb not exceptionally elongated. T. aquilonius n. sp. differs from T. (Filenchus) orbus in having a more slender spear, an ovate median bulb, excretory pore well posterior to the nerve ring, and coarser body annulation. T. cylindricaudus n. sp. differs from T. aquilonius n. sp. in having a slender body, the tail more cylindri...


Abstract The matrix units of a digraph algebra, A , induce a relation, known as the diagonal order, on the projections in a masa in the algebra. Normalizing partial isometries in A act on these projections by conjugation; they are said to be order preserving when they respect the diagonal order. Order preserving embeddings, in turn, are those embeddings which carry order preserving normalizers to order preserving normalizers. This papers studies operator algebras which are direct limits of finite dimensional algebras with order preserving embeddings. We give a complete classification of direct limits of full triangular matrix algebras with order preserving embeddings. We also investigate the problem of characterizing algebras with order preserving embeddings.


Data from rainfall simulation experiments conducted in Arizona and New Mexico were used to identify relationships between total suspended sediment (TSS) concentrations (kg/ha/mm of runoff) in runoff and concentrations (kg/ha/mm of runoff) of total phosphorus (TP) and total volatile suspended sediment (TVSS). Lumping data from five vegetation types yielded the following relationship for total phosphorus: TP = 0.0013 * (TSS) ** 0.83 with a linear correlation coefficient, r = 0.77. The relationship for total volatile suspended sediment was TVSS = 0.274 * (TSS) ** 0.72 (r = 0.91). These relationships were validated using data from other experiments and ephemeral channel flow.


This chapter examines the development of the defence policies of Greece, Cyprus, and Albania. Worried about Turkey's pressure and perceived revisionist goals mainly in the Aegean Sea, Greece has maintained powerful armed forces since the end of the cold war. Greek–Turkish tension has been eased, while Greece has reorganized the Hellenic Armed Forces and contributes a NATO Rapid Deployable Corps (the NRDC-GR), but it has significantly reduced its military budget. Along with Cyprus, which always seeks to hold a minimal balance of forces in the divided island, it faces additional challenges emanating from endemic instability in the wider region. A recent development of great significance was the establishment of a Greek–Cypriot–Israeli political and military cooperation. As for Albania, during the 1990s its small military apparatus virtually collapsed, but since the early 2000s the country has eventually opted for NATO membership (officially joining the alliance in 2009), and the Albanian Armed Forces has launched an ambitious modernization programme.


Essays in Speech Act Theory Daniel Vanderveken 2002 Any study of communication must take into account the nature and role of speech acts in a broad context. This book addresses questions such as: What do we mean? How do we say it? and How is it understood? in the broad context of universal, socio-cultural and psychological issues that bear on human communication. It presents an overview of current issues in speech act theory that are at the center of human and social sciences dealing with language, thought and action, building on John Searle's famous article 'How Performatives Work' (included in this book). The contributions by linguists, psychologists, computer scientists, and philosophers thus address issues of communication that are crucial in conversation analysis, cognitive science, artificial intelligence, psychology and philosophy, and a general understanding of how we communicate. The book is suitable for courses with an extensive bibliography for further reading and an Index.


The effect of interfractional patient movement on dosimetry has been investigated for breast radiotherapy. Errors in patient set-up and changes in breast volume were simulated individually to determine how each contributes to the total dosimetric error. Two treatment techniques were investigated: a conventional treatment and an intensity-modulated treatment delivered using compensators. Six patients were investigated and anterior-posterior (AP) and superior-inferior (SI) displacements were simulated by displacing the isocentre in both directions by 2, 5 and 10 mm. A model of the breast was developed from the six patients to simulate changes in breast volume. In this model, the breast was described as a set of semi-ellipses. The volume of the breast was changed by varying the magnitude of the semi-major and semi-minor axes. Anisotropic changes in breast volume were also investigated. The dosimetric error was evaluated for each dose plan by calculating the volume outside the 95-105% dose range resulting from the simulations. A number of parameters describing the size and shape of the breast were also investigated to determine whether a susceptibility of outline sets to interfractional patient movement could be predicted. A parameter describing the increase in the breast volume outside the 95-105% dose range was calculated for AP and SI set-up errors of ±3 mm and changes in breast volume of 5%. Results revealed that set-up errors were likely to cause larger increases in the volume outside the 95-105% dose range than changes in breast volume for typical set-up errors and changes in breast volume that occur during treatment. The magnitude of the set-up errors and changes in breast volume were observed to be dependent on the shape outline set. Statistically significant linear correlation was observed between the increase in the volume outside the 95-105% dose range and several of the evaluation parameters.


The articulate utilization of docker container assets in Cloud Computing is one strategic pivotal aspect of the underlying rationale for customers to conjecture on their ventures. It can be standardized under the organization's viewpoints toward its purposes and objectives, given the facilities provided by a cloud service provider. IaaS (Infrastructure-as-a-Service) topology offers many opportunities, including serverless capability in a docker container through software abstraction, and magnifying customization. Techniques such as intensifying the quality of streamlined services, and uplifts productivity, become sufficient evidence of underlying equal responsibilities between provider and customer, which need to be evaluated its risks periodically to improve the resilience of containerized objects. This study contributes alternate insight concerning risk assessment methodology in a docker container environment to mitigate the risk rating and propose risk treatment recommendations for cloud providers and customers. To grasp unified security perception in analyzing assets, threats, and vulnerabilities, harnessing several methods and international standards such as the Analytical Hierarchy process, Partial Dependency, ISO 27K Family, MITRE ATT& CK, EBIOS Risk Manager, and NIST 800-30. The experiment uses a realworld threat group from MITRE ATT& CK called TeamTNT.


Images captured by remote camera of a Powerful Owl Ninox strenua probably bathing and drinking are documented and described. The images add important visual records to the few published written descriptions of these behaviours.


Objective: To evaluate results of treating laryngeal cancer by total laryngectomy. Methods: A prospective study of 36 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx treated with total laryngectomy over five years period. Results: The age range of the patients was between 34-72 years with a male to female ratio of 11/1. After five years follow up of patients , 100%, 84% & 14% were free of disease for T2, T3 & T4 respectively. Results of treating cases at T3 stage seems to be better when surgery preceded radiotherapy than when radiation given before. Conclusion: Combination of surgery and radiotherapy gives relatively high cure rates if stage of tumour was still within the larynx ( T3 or less). The results of this study shows that this was better when surgery preceded radiotherapy. ةصلاخلا فدهلا : ةرجنحلا لاصئتسا ةيلمعب ثيبخلا ةرجنحلا مرو جلاع جئاتن مييقتل ةساردلا هذه فدهت . مبمصتلا : تلااحلا نم ةلسلسل ةسارد . ةقيرطلا : ةرجنحلا لاصئتسا ةيلمعب اوجلوع ةرجنحلا ناطرسب ضيرم نوثلاثو ةتس تاونس ةسمخ ةرتف للاخ . جئاتنلا : نيب ىضرملارامعا تحوارت ٣٤ ٧٢ ثانلاا ىلا روآذلا ةبسن تناآو ةنس ١١ / ١ . ىضرملا ةعباتمب نا دجو لقلاا ىلع تاونس ةسمخ ةدمل ١٠٠ % و ٨٤ % و ١٤ % ةلحرملل ضرملا نم نيلاخ اوناآ T2 و T3 T4 لسلستلاب . عاعشلااب جلاعلا ةيلمعلا تقبس اذا ايبسن لضفا تناآ جئاتنلا نا دجوو . جاتنتسلاا : لحارم يف ىضرملا جلوع اذا ايبسن ةيلاع ءافش ةبسن يطعي اعم عاعشلااب جلاعلا و ةحارجلا مادختسا ضرملل ةمدقتم ريغ . جئاتنلا تناآو ةعشلااب جلاعلا ةحارجلا تقبس اذا لضفا . Cancer of the larynx is a particularly important malignancy representing approximately 1% of all malignancies. It share with only few other types of cancer a high rate of cure, which in certain subsites, may reach over 85% and overall Annals of the College of Medicine Vol. 34 No. 1, 2008 © 2008 Mosul College of Medicine 17 exceeds 50%. A great responsibility is thus thrown on clinician, because careful evaluation and treatment bring probability of cure. The first total laryngectomy was performed by Bilroth in 1873 and was not generally accepted because of the high mortality and morbidity at that time. However , Solis & Cohn, in 1892 improved the technique by diverting tracheal stump to skin. With the advent of radiotherapy in the second decade of twentieth century, the operation became less popular. The operation regained popularity after 1940, as surgical aids were introduced (namely antibiotics, safe anesthesia and blood transfusion) and surgical techniques improved . The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of total laryngectomy in treating cases with laryngeal cancer and its complicatios in our center. Patients and Methods Over five years period (1996 -2000), total laryngectomy was carried out by larynx cancer team for thirty – six patients with carcinoma of the larynx without lymph node or distant metastasis at ENT department–Al jumhuri Teaching Hospital. The indication for surgery were T3,T4 tumours and recurrence after deep X.ray therapy. Preoperative general investigations were done to all patients and specific investigatios (as C-T scan, MRI or both) was done whenever needed. Patients' staging was done according to AJC system as it is the system approved in our unit and their numbers were: 4 patients Stage 2 25 patients Stage 3 7 patients Stage 4 Total laryngectomy was the primary treatment in 13 patients and for recurrence after radiotherapy in 23 patients (Table 1). Cases were followed for at least five years to find * five year survival * time and type of recurrence and its relation to stage of tumour * different complications after surgery.


Learning Assistant (LA) programs support instructors in transforming their courses to use evidence-based instructional strategies. We investigated the types of institutions that have LA programs to better understand how the distribution of those programs supports education across institutions. Using public websites and databases, we compared schools with and without LA programs, looking at a variety of institutional characteristics to determine whether the distribution of LA programs is equitable across different types of institutions. The results indicated that the majority of LA programs were at large-enrollment, public, research-intensive, four-year institutions. Minority serving institutions (MSIs) were equally well represented in the institutions with LA programs. MSIs with LA programs were, however, more likely than non-MSIs with LA programs to be teaching-intensive or two-year colleges. Further expanding the LA model into teaching-intensive and two-year colleges will more equitably share the benefits of the LA model with students from minoritized groups.


1. Sol a E, Sol e C, Gin es P. Management of uninfected and infected ascites in cirrosis. Liver Int 2016; 36(Suppl 1): 109–15. 2. Fiore M. Nosocomial spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: discussing a specific infection treatment algorithm. Liver Int 2016; 36: 1074–75. 3. Jalan R, Fernandez J, Wiest R, et al. Bacterial infections in cirrhosis: a position statement based on the EASL Special Conference 2013. J Hepatol 2014; 60: 1310–24. 4. Piano S, Fasolato S, Salinas F, et al. The empirical antibiotic treatment of nosocomial spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: results of a randomized, controlled clinical trial. Hepatology 2016; 63: 1299–309.


To the Editor:: I read with a great interest the latest debate about homeopathy in this journal. Particularly, the paper by Posadzki et al. (1), elicited an animated discussion about the plausibility and reliability of homeopathy (2–5): in summary, the paper criticised the presumptive undisputable safety of homeopathic remedies, an issue that was addressed and reviewed just few years ago (6). The big hoax that homeopathy cannot bear adverse effects is one of the central dogmas of this odd medicine: actually, any presumptive therapy approach, since it includes a pharmacological action, may give rise to possible adverse effects. Homeopaths do not feel to care about this matter, they are used to misinterpret homeopathy-related side effects as a way by which recovery is running its course; furthermore, they are persuaded that adverse effects are a hallmark of only official medicine and pharmacology. As a matter of fact, the main concern of this issue lies in the disregard from homeopaths to any polite debate. In this contribution, I will try to provide some explanation of the strange way by which homeopaths participate in whatsoever is coming up from a scientific debate, by reporting episodes and examples where they dismiss its value with "only their own" prejudices. I recently participated in this debate because I found many bias and mis-interpretations in using homeopathy to treat a very complex pathology such as anxiety. In anxiety models, potentially genotoxic and neurotoxic alkaloids from the genus Gelsemium are considered good therapeutics for anxiety, especially as homeopathic remedies. Most of the components in a homeopathic plant-derived mother tincture are poisonous or toxic compounds: therefore they potentially could elicit an adverse effect, when administered into an organism. The belief that homeopathic remedies, as high diluted substances, should not trigger any side effect is clearly a na€ıve point of view, since homeopaths should provide the readers with the contradictory evidence that homeopathy justifies remedies as fresh water, in few words. Moreover, the odd fashion by which homeopathy manages the fundamental rules of chemical stoichiometry, is another main concern. By indicating only an "obscure" dilution factor, without reporting the starting composition of the plant extract, the physical parameters of the different compounds, their viscosity, diffusion coefficient, mixing rates and water/lipid partition parameters of the different hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds, in order to achieve a better overview of the plant extract behaviour in the aqueous environment during serial dilutions (7,8), homeopaths hinder an honest scientific peer reviewing, yet trusting the simple fact that working dilutions of homeopathy do not contain any trace of harmful substance. In the case of homeopathic Gelsemium, this means that possible anxiolytic or even depressant/sedative effects may be because of synergistic or antagonistic actions exerted by different decreasing concentrations of an alkaloid respect to another, which is present in the starting plant extract, or even by a sedation/depressant activity of ethanol used as solvent with water, being therefore the major component in a diluted preparation. This simple consideration should suggest that bias and misinterpretation about the presumptive effect and the absence of side effects of a homeopathic remedy, depend on a proper knowledge of the chemical composition and behaviour of the latter. Therefore, the misleading approach to possible fatal accidents sprouts from the performing of a certain type of in vitro research and methodological setting: there are people who are not inclined to discuss fairly about their research work. And yet homeopaths are going ahead on their ideological struggle. Few years ago, the European Journal of Internal Medicine offered the opportunity to Mr C. Boiron to write an article (9) in the form of a response to a previous paper by Pandolfi, which Boiron considered offensive for homeopaths. Mr Boiron's Letter was commendable, as it showed, by talking about his father and grandfather, how homeopathy belongs with full rights to the history of medicine, interpreted as the human concern for patients, illness and the search for a successful therapy. Curiously, I had in my hand a first proof of the Letter, and even the possibility to appreciate Prof. Boiron's efforts to make people aware of the great opportunity homeopathy holds for medicine, at least according to his respectable opinion. Obviously, someone would object that the overture of his Letter, having reported an "un-scientific" rebuttal, might be interpreted as a "throwing down the gauntlet", but we do not mind, anyway: we all acknowledge that this would make the debate much intriguing and appealing for the reader. Nevertheless, in his Letter, Prof. Boiron stated that the Author, to whom he was posting his response, denigrates homeopathy and its practitioners, and abusively generalising from the reports of just a few patients or physicians that he has come across! (9). Yet this style, often endowed with taunting or animated debates, is an hallmark of most discussions about homeopathy and does not contribute to a polite peer reviewing and scientific fair play. Usually, a general outcry from homeopaths and aficionados follows any legitimate criticism raised on the scientific tenet of homeopathy and its reliability, often constructing a retort such as angry strikers or crowds of proletarians with their pitchforks on the road. Homeopaths hasten to answer with a collection of signatures and express indignation towards those practitioners and caregivers who consider homeopaths are not worth to be welcomed to official medicine; they raise the sacred banner of more than two centuries experience, millions of satisfied patients, astonishing recoveries and so forth. Yet, very little serious scientific reappraisals of these claims occurred. Homeopathy represents a main concern in medical debates, particularly because legitimate criticisms from the scientific community are rapidly booed by this cumbersome behaviour. However, when comments have been raised within the scientific arena (10,11), replies were not long in coming (12,13), at least apparently. For example, the effect of homeopathic Gelsemium, provided by Boiron Laboratories, Lyon, France, which co-funded this research (14), elicited an animated discussion about the presumptive efficacy of homeopathic Gelsemium in reducing anxiety in mice (14). Main addressed criticisms concerned bias such as the sedation interfering effect of ethanol (10,13,15), the behavioural tests used in the experimental setting (10,15), a post hoc discussed statistics (10,11,13), the interpretation of results (13,15) elicited neither any serious revision, nor a point-by-point reply to the addressed issues (16). On the contrary, a Commentary with criticisms about homeopathy in anxiety, just published by this Author in Frontiers in Neurology (13), was initially published in the online page of the journal, but then it was unaccountably withdrawn and rejected for an "oversight" a month later the assignment of a DOI number, with the following awkward explanation: we apologize for this error, but we feel that your paper was accepted prematurely by the associate editor and have taken corrective action. What did occur? This sudden withdrawal, without any apparent reason, should suggest for an


Introduction : According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2010), the improvement in the quality of life and health of human beings is due to projects such as e-health, cyber health and many others. In Colombia, telemedicine is defined as the provision of distance health services in the promotion, prevention, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation components, by health professionals who use information and communication technologies, which allow them to exchange data with the purpose of facilitating the access and the opportunity in the provision of services to the population that presents limitations of offer, of access to the services or of both in its geographic area. Objective : The objective of this article is to identify how the evolution of telemedicine has been in Colombia and what are the difficulties that are currently present for that topic. Results and discussion: In Colombia it has made important advances, fostered from the academic, technological and organizational levels, however there are still different barriers that must be minimized to make telemedicine a new way of providing health services. in Colombia. The expected results are aimed at identifying how telemedicine has evolved in Colombia and what the current difficulties are for this space. Similarly, an analysis of ICT and ICT tools in telemedicine will succeed in establishing such mechanisms for the current problem study which is aimed at the lack of incentive by institutions and personnel willing to serve the most vulnerable populations of Colombia, which has almost non-existent access to health services. Prioritized


Gertrud Alexander (Die rote Fahne) had many pertinent things to say for and against Expressionism. It is also a pity that the anthology's title does not make it clear that most of its contents concern visual rather than literary Expressionism. But these minor reservations aside, the editor and her team deserve a hearty vote of thanks for producing a work which will make an important artistic movement more accessible to a wider, non-specialist readership. RICHARD SHEPPARD


This article is based on the premise that coexistence in classrooms must be an emotional dynamic shared within a space of mutual respect for oneself, one another, and each other's activities. The paper proposes that the transformation of the participants must be developed in these healthy spaces, based on a complex perspective, in which the vital and learning processes are nestled in one single process. It also strives to alert on the urgent need to recover education's true charm, by reconsidering the concept and meaning of life, in order to savor existence from a new paradigm where people work with their intellect, their heart, and life itself, in a higher state of harmony.


Background/aim Ordering laboratory (laboratory) tests by physicians is a part of the pre-preanalytical laboratory phase, which is a high error-prone process. Many of the laboratory tests ordered are unnecessary, where excess ordering represents as much as 25–40% of all ordered tests. The present study aimed at establishing and implementing a quality improvement project to avoid misutilization of laboratory tests using the Lean Six Sigma (LSS) methodology that could help to minimize variation in the laboratory requests ordered by clinicians. Materials and methods LSS approach methodology with its five phases, namely, define, measure, analyze, improve, and control (DMAIC), was applied to define and solve the problem of ordering of inappropriate laboratory tests. Sigma levels of the ordering process of selected laboratory tests were measured before and after implementation of the selected solutions. The stability and capability of the ordering process were retested after implementing the project. Results The sigma level of alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase tests ordering process has been improved to 1.2 sigma, which represented 45% improvement. The sigma level of urea and creatinine ordering has been improved to 2.16 sigma, which represented 43.1% improvement, saving about 14 520 LE per year. Conclusion Successful implementation of LSS significantly improved laboratory test ordering. Simple modification in the laboratory request form could be an important source of improvement and a cost reduction tool in the pre-preanalytical laboratory phase. LSS is an evidence-based powerful tool that could improve the health care sector in general and the clinical laboratories in particular.


This paper devoted to the mass and volume losses of metals subjected to cavitation. It studies the Relation between the Cavitation index, operating condition, time elapsed and the mass loss. Three venturies with different throttling area were used to generate cavitation. Aluminum sheet (0.9 mm) and stainless steel sheet were subjected to the cavitation and they were weighted before and after the experiment using 0.001 accuracy Balance. Using the curves in this paper, the life time of the alloy can be predicted. During the experiment the mass loss increased by 25 % when the Cavitation decreased by 30%. And the effect of material hardness and Reynolds number was studied. Introduction Cavitation is a process of the formation and rapid collapse of bubbles where there is a considerable local reduction in the pressure [1]. It has been studied in the past for several times. Lord Rayleigh's work in 1917 approved that a vapor bubble can actually generate very high loads capable of damaging solid walls when collapsing [2]. One of the most difficult problem facing the researchers is how to predict the mass loss due to cavitation erosion. Pereira et al [3] found a relation between the volume of transient cavities and its rate of production. S. Wu et al [4] conducted a study about the effect of cavitation on several materials to check the effect of material properties on the mass loss rate. Dular et al. [5] showed that specific visual information of cavitation can be used to predict cavitation erosion. A. M. Abdel Aziz / Engineering Research Journal 167 (septamper 2020) M29M38 M30 Abdulaziz, et al. [6-8] confirmed that the cavitating venturi is a precise tool for controlling mass flow rate. Hammitt et al. [9,10 and 11] used cavitating venturi to obtain erosion data on 1100-0 aluminum specimens. Recently there were many attempts to predict the magnitude of the cavitation erosion for example Pereira et al. [12], Matevˇz Dular et al, [13] and Keiichi Sato. [14] Proposed a relation between the volume of transient cavities and its rate of production to the material deformation energy. Finally Hua et al. [15] studied the effect of the bubble size on the cavitation erosion. All the previous studies aimed to predict the life time of the alloy and how to reduce the bad effect of the cavitation. Theoretical background This section presents the necessary equations for the proposed mathematical model of vapor formation inside the divergent part of a venturi. Applying Bernoulli's equation between the inlet and throat of the venturi along the center streamline gives:


In the use of lower limb paralysis patients, a patented exoskeleton mechanism is designed with four stepping motors distributed in hip and knee joints. The thigh and calf are coupled with a scalable design to facilitate the wearing for different height of people consideration. Based on pressure sensors on the bottom of the foot, a sequence of gait data was acquired. The center of the eight main events was calculated using center law by a microcontroller, then to complete the design of lower limb exoskeleton system.


The paper presents part of a study related to the retention of water by iron ore. The objective of the study is to evaluate the drainage behaviour under unsaturated condition of the iron ore inside the cargo hold of ships. The study involves experimental test and numerical analysis. The test is simple and allows the determination of the permeability function of a homogenous material. The column tests were used to evaluate the parameters adopted for numerical analysis. The simple approach used in this study demonstrated that the unsaturated soil mechanics may be a useful toll for engineering practice.


We propose a new neural network, called isomorphic mesh generator (iMG), which generates isomorphic meshes from point clouds containing noise and missing parts. Isomorphic meshes of arbitrary objects have a unified mesh structure even though the objects belong to different classes. This unified representation enables surface models to be handled by DNNs. Moreover, the unified mesh structure of isomorphic meshes enables the same process to be applied to all isomorphic meshes; although in the case of general mesh models, we need to consider the processes depending on their mesh structures. Therefore, the use of isomorphic meshes leads to efficient memory usage and calculation time compared with general mesh models. As iMG is a data-free method, preparing any point clouds as training data in advance is unnecessary, except a point cloud of the target object used as the input data of iMG. Additionally, iMG outputs an isomorphic mesh obtained by mapping a reference mesh to a given input point cloud. To estimate the mapping function stably, we introduce a step-by-step mapping strategy. This strategy achieves a flexible deformation while maintaining the structure of the reference mesh. From simulation and experiments using a mobile phone, we confirmed that iMG can generate isomorphic meshes of given objects reliably even when the input point cloud includes noise and missing parts.


Western Pacific small island rural communities suffer from waterborne diseases and are among the least wealthy, most remote and resource-poor across the globe. Small landmasses, geologic composition, geographic isolation, a colonial history, and weak educational, technological and financial resources constitute significant barriers to strengthening capacity to access safe drinking water. High-technology, high-cost and complex Northern (Western) models for mitigating water access problems often prove inappropriate and unsustainable. The aim of this paper is to offer a non-traditional approach for improving both sub-national environmental analysis capacity and engaging in low-technology and low-cost mitigation of vulnerability to waterborne disease at the village-scale. The approach involves a combination of techniques, including Geographic Information Systems (GIS) training, basin management, environmental health education at the grassroots scale and working with civil society to support appropriate technologies. The findings improve understanding of remote, rural and least-wealthy small island conditions, offer guidance regarding environmental management in the Western Pacific, and provide insight for developing outreach programmes with the aim of improving conditions on similar islands globally.


INTRODUCTION: Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) is an infectious disease caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and has been causing numerous losses to the meat industry from sheep and goats. It has two clinical forms, the superficial form when abscesses are present in peripheral lymph nodes, or visceral form when these abscesses are found in internal lymph nodes. Nowadays antibiotic therapy is ineffective because it is unable to cross this barrier, as well as the current commercial vaccine available has low protective power, thus requiring a new dose every year, which causes a high cost. OBJECTIVE: To carry out a vaccine design in search of potential protein targets of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis to formulate a vaccine against Caseous Lymphadenitis. METHODOLOGY: For this, in silico analyzes using Vaxign to search for secreted proteins were made and subsequent analyzes related to the antigenic, allergenic potential and physicochemical characterizations served to filter the proteins of interest. Immunodominant epitopes were obtained from the selected proteins and their interaction with TLR-2 was determined. RESULTS: A total of 26 putative secreted proteins were found by Vaxign, and their characterizations were carried out to select the proteins suitable for a possible formulation of a vaccine. Of these, nine of them were antigenic and non-allergenic and after physical-chemical analysis, only two went on to analyze the immunodominant epitopes of B cells. The proteins ADL20140.1 and ADL20298.1 presented a total of 2 and 5 epitopes, respectively. After determining the antigenic potential, only epitopes 4, 6, and 7 were used for molecular docking with TLR-2. Epitopes vaccine target. Therefore, this work provides important information that can be used to formulate, in fact, a vaccine against CLA.


We know the process of power generation through windmill, thermal power plant in these power generation systems coal and water are the main power generation sources in our country and are non-renewable. In order to save resources which are available in nature solar and wind power generation systems were invented. In the same way, there is a great need to invent new methods to develop the power. So, here we are using magnets as the source to generate the power, in which the motor is propelled by the magnets (temporary and permanent). This generator will be having a stator and a rotor. The rotor disc is arranged with the permanent magnets and a shaft is screwed to it, which is further connected to generator dynamo through a pulley and above the rotor the stator is arranged like a casing which contains temporary magnets. The repulsive and attractive properties of magnets will make the shaft to rotate. Therefore, the magnetic energy will be converted to mechanical energy and the mechanical energy will be converted to electric energy by using a dynamo. For these types of magnetic generators heat is the big enemy, which reduces the magnetism of the permanent magnets. This can be eradicated by using temporary in stator. Where the temporary magnets can be excited by using the solar power


. Bl Results B7 Introduction .. 1 Geochemical components of variability .. .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...... . 7 Acknowledgments . 2 Reliability of Suborder means computed from first-stage Review of literature . 2 data 8 Materials sampled and methods . 3 Second-stage sample designs 9 Soil maps .. 3 Geochemical summaries 11 Analytical procedures . 3 Discussion 13 Target and sampled populations .. 4 Conclusions 14 Statistical model . 6 References cited 14


The Amazon River has the highest discharge in the world. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of the research on the interaction between river-diluted water and the ocean. This study used the remote sensing data (2008–2017) of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aboard the Aqua satellite, and data of the currents, wind fields, sea surface temperature, and water depth. The river–sea interaction off the Amazon estuary was studied by analyzing the diffusion of river-diluted water and the distribution of surface suspended particulate matter (SPM). The results revealed that the Amazon estuary has a "filter effect," whereby the distribution of the surface SPM exhibited significant spatial characteristics of being high in the nearshore area and low in the offshore area. Most of the SPM accumulated within the estuary in a fan shape, although some was distributed in the shallow water region of the continental shelf along the coasts on both sides of the estuary. The currents were found to limit the diffusion range of SPM. The flow direction and velocity of the North Brazil Current and the North Equatorial Countercurrent, which are largely driven by the magnitude of the trade wind stress, are the main forces controlling the long-distance diffusion of diluted water, thus forming unique river–sea interaction patterns in the Amazon estuary. This research provides a supplement and reference for the study of the diffusion process of SPM and river-diluted water, and on the estuarine river–sea interactions of other large rivers worldwide.


Abstract The island of Antiparos belongs to the Aegean volcanic arc. The obsidian outcrops here contain pieces of excellent tool-making quality, but of small size making the raw material less attractive. Geological samples collected at Soros beach, at Blaco and Mastichi, in the southern part of the island, were analysed using Optical Microscopy, XRF (whole rock) and SEM-EDS (glass and microliths-microphenocrysts). The results obtained demonstrate the potential for distinguishing the Antiparos obsidian from other major central-western Mediterranean sources in an absolutely non-destructive way, using an XRF spectrometer or alternatively with an SEM equipped with an ED spectrometer.