The invention provides a method of manufacturing a solar cell module, which can simplify the manufacturing process, and the solar cell module. The method of manufacturing the solar cell module includes preparing a solar cell substrate including a support substrate, an electric power generating layer that receives light beams and generates electric power, and a conductive layer that is formed on the electric power generating layer, forming a resist layer on the conductive layer in such a manner that an exposed portion at which the conductive layer is exposed is formed, forming an electric conduction portion at a part of the exposed portion, and etching the conductive layer by using the resist layer and the electric conduction portion as a mask.


At present,stone material resource is abundant in our country,but the low utilization rate of stone material process,produces the massive masonry scrap,leading to resource waste.The aim of this paper is to raise utilization rate through analyzing the processing feasibility of masonry scrap for the second time and bringing three advanced machine manufacturing techniques:numerical control carve, CAD/CAM and reverse engineering to produce stone ornament and handicraft.


Two weeks into the Iraq War in 2003 the Los Angeles Times published a dramatic photograph across six columns of its front page. Several sister newspapers published the photograph before an assistant photo editor noticed that at least one civilian appeared twice in the photograph's background. The photographer admitted that he had combined elements of two photographs taken in quick succession to create a stronger, composite image. He was immediately fired, and debates surrounding photographic and journalistic objectivity ensued. This paper re-examines the composite image to argue that photographic communication has fundamentally changed since the adoption of digital technologies in ways that are not widely recognised or understood. Central to this change is photography's enhanced ability to communicate beyond the photographic frame, and, indeed, to manipulate the frame itself. These changes present several paradoxes to photojournalism, two of which are clear in the composite image. This paper discusses the significance of these paradoxes for how photographic truth is read and understood, and subsequently argues for a paradigm of visual truth that places emphasis on professional transparency and truthfulness in representation. Drawing from the tradition of literary journalism, the paper argues that photographers and photo editors should respond to the creative potentials of digital photography by attempting to communicate not only what is seen, but also how it is seen.


Guano is a town of the Chimborazo Province, which enjoys a high tourist and commercial potential. Over the years Decentralized self-government (GAD) has generated several tourist brands, which it had not expects impact; this has been because they have not been elaborated technical and investigation processes. Based on this problem, this document sets out the basic guidelines for proposing the development of Guano town for a tourist brand and the creation of an adversiting strategy to raise its position. This research had been focus on the study of qualitative-quantitative, since its graphic and numerical processes should be used in the application of the surveys and interviews, as well as the use of the description in ethnographic and observation processes. It had been expected that the project will generate interest in both inhabitants and in the Municipal GAD of Guano, however the results can be effectively used in tourist promotion of the town.


Annotation. The article presents publications on the history of medical psychology and psychiatry with proprietary stamps "Library of Vinnytsia District Hospital", which are stored in the fund of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya Scientific Library.


This study aimed to discuss about the extraction of urban green space from a QUICKBIRD image using a hierarchical classification technique.Green space information was obtained based on the spectral characteristics of different objects with the help of available corresponding methods after the combination of QUICKBIRD multi-spectral data.Spectra difference between earth and objects,were analyzed precisely,green space NDVI value in shadow areas were increased nonlinearly to extract and eliminate information.Grading and classification method,by fully considering the different characteristics of each target,avoid the mixture with earth and objects caused by single classification method,which only based on the spectra characteristics.


One of the major debates in the field of word production is whether lexical selection is competitive or not. For nearly half a century, semantic interference effects in picture naming latencies have been claimed as evidence for competitive (relative threshold) models of lexical selection, while semantic facilitation effects have been claimed as evidence for noncompetitive (simple threshold) models instead. In this paper, we use a computational modeling approach to compare the consequences of competitive and noncompetitive selection algorithms for blocked cyclic picture naming latencies, combined with two approaches to representing taxonomic and thematic semantic features. We show that although our simple model can capture both semantic interference and facilitation, the presence or absence of competition in the selection mechanism is unrelated to the polarity of these semantic effects. These results question the validity of prior assumptions and offer new perspectives on the origins of interference and facilitation in language production.


THE ANALISIS OF CHILDREN LITERATURE ON PANJEBAR SEMANGAT MAGAZINE OF (1 - 53) EDITION IN 2016 AND ITS RELEVANCE AS LEARNING MATERIAL ON LITERATURE APPRECIATION SUBJECT FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS


Background: Parkinson's disease occurs in different socio-demographic characteristic people.
Objective: The Purpose of the present study was to see the socio-demographic characteristics of Parkinson's disease patients attended at a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka city.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the in-patient and out-patient Department of Medicine and Neurology of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka from July 2012 to December 2013 for a period of one and half year. All patients with Parkinson's disease who were admitted under department of Medicine and Neurology and also who visited out-patient department of Medicine and Neurology of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka were taken as study population. Patients who were diagnosed as Parkinson's disease according to Brain Bank clinical criteria for diagnosis of Parkinson's disease were included in this study. The demographic and socio-economic characteristics were recorded in a semi-structured questionnaire.
Result: A total number of 40 Parkinson's patients were recruited for this study. The mean age was 69.15±10.08 years. The male female ratio was found 1.22:1. The majority patients were businessman which was 13(32.5%) cases. The majority of 15(37.5%) patients came from rural area. However, 12(30.0%) patients were in primary level. Furthermore, 21(52.5%) patients came from lower class.
Conclusion: In conclusion elder male rural dwellers are mostly suffering from Parkinson's disease
Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2019;6(2):106-110


The paper offers a unified approach to use of accelerators of various types by the example of parallel global search algorithms. In the developed general scheme, the implementation elements depending on specific types of accelerators are encapsulated in a limited number of procedures, which allows to largely reduce expenses and time for software development. The offered scheme was tested on Intel Xeon Phi accelerators and general purpose GPUs. Speedup of the global optimization algorithm using accelerators compared to using CPU only is experimentally confirmed. Computational experiments are carried out using a set of a several hundred of multidimensional multiextremal problems.


A discrete particle swarm algorithm with chaotic initialization (DPSO-CI) is proposed for solving the combinational optimization problems, such as knapsack. The presented algorithm mainly employs the chaotic idea and pheromone mechanism used by ant colony algorithm. There are two reasons for using the ideas. To start with, the information existing in populations can be fully shared. Further, the initial solutions will not be gathered due to using chaotic method. At a matter of fact, swarm information can be more sufficiently shared by each particle. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated in comparison with other heuristic algorithms. Our computational simulations reveal very encouraging results in terms of the quality of solution found.


Abstract In the late 1950s Japanese–American weaver and Santa Fe, New Mexico, resident, Alice Kagawa Parrott appealed to Mable Morrow, a former arts and crafts specialist for the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs, to teach her Hopi, Navajo, and Spanish-colonial methods for carding, spinning, and dyeing wool yarns. Markers of this seminal intergenerational exchange would echo throughout Parrott's diverse production of tapestries, commercial yardages, and garments for the duration of her practice. In the following decades, she exhibited her weavings both locally and internationally and was active among a prominent network of modern artists and craftsmen such as furniture designer Sam Maloof, ceramicist Toshiko Takaezu, and fiber artist Lenore Tawney. While Parrott's narrators have focused on her extensive use of natural dyes, the origins of this practice have received minimal attention. Addressing this gap in the scholarship, this article explores the intercultural and, at times circular, transmission of botanical and craft knowledge among Santa Fe's Indigenous communities, government officials like Morrow, and local artists and weavers as far afield as Hawaii. An assessment of Morrow's accumulation and preservation of traditional Native American techniques in the early twentieth century, and the adoption of these methods by Parrott in the 1960s, demonstrates that vegetal dye processes served to permeate the perceived boundary between Indigenous and modern craft production during this period. This transcultural mixing of materials and methods is perhaps best expressed by Parrott's luminously pigmented yarns which intertwine and form the foundation of her practice and the final artworks themselves.


Three algorithms of harmonic detection applied to Active Power Filter are presented in this paper.One is based on instantaneous reactive power theory,the other two are FBD method and p-q-r method.The comparison among these algorithms is made,and the performance and application range of each algorithm are discussed as well,providing some references to the algorithm selection of current detection applied to APF.


Radionuclide In the method and system of the present invention, a solid target with a target layer that is has been isotopically enriched preparation on an inert substrate, placed in the target holder of a particular design, positron or heavy to the target irradiating the charged particle beam protons. As the charged particle beam is generated by energy in the range from 3MeV using accelerators such as biomedical cyclotron up to about 22 meV. The present invention, three different nuclear reactions: a) by irradiating protons concentrated


This paper presents a protocol to manage multi-user interference (MUI) in a distributed base station system (DBS). Traditional cellular communication schemes are based on one-to-one wireless links. In a DBS scheme, more than one station can relay the same mobile. Hence, interference patterns cannot be handled by conventional means. The protocol proposed herein answers the problem of assigning channels to mobiles having dynamically changing sets of DBS (because of optimization and mobility) linking each of them to the network with a macro-diversity gain. It is also completely distributed and dynamic. It adapts to virtually any change in topology so that the communication network does not require explicit configuration. It is shown that a feasible operating point can be reached to make use of macro-diversity while maximizing channel reusability and limiting the effect of interference.


The distresses of asphalt pavement in southeast Tibet with direct impact on performance and durability of pavement are(analyzed) in terms of bituminous mixture type,mixture design,quality of mineral aggregate,construction control,uniform of mixture,climate characteristics,and traffic condition,etc.as well as relations of the factors based on investigation.It is concluded that the main factors are climate in the southeast Tibet,frozen soil,great thermal difference between day and night,long-lasting with and high frequency.


Polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (pMDI) has been used for making wood board composites for over 30 years, although its growth in application has been limited mainly by the perception that it is a high-cost alternative to formaldehyde-based adhesives. Increased use of pMDI adhesive in making wood composites will require optimization of the process variables involved. One such factor is the unresolved question of the interfacial aspects most responsible for building strong wood composites. Some argue that adhesive surface coverage is primarily responsible for board strength; others assert that penetration of the pMDI into the wood matrix is a primary characteristic of strong boards. This article will provide evidence that the interfacial aspect most important in building board strength is surface coverage of the wood particles or fibers. Experiments controlling the depth of pMDI penetration into wood matrices and then measuring their adherend strength were performed. We also calculated the potential efficiencies to be obtained from maximizing the surface coverage and minimizing the matrix penetration using a spherical sector model. Neither high nor low pMDI viscosity offered a significant advantage in surface covering pine or oak, although it is speculated that minimizing the droplet size of pMDI in the resination step could lead to substantial efficiency improvements in adhesive coverage. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 449–455, 2005


ENDOLYMPHATIC hydrops has previously been described as an isolated finding, but usually it co-exists with other pathological conditions. Before the advent of antibiotics, infectious labyrinthitis was the most common cause of peripherally conditioned vertigo, and hydrops was not uncommonly encountered following serous and serofibrinous labyrinthine affections. Varying dilatation of the endolymphatic space has been observed in the presence of specific as well as non-specific infections. These cases usually have had incipient inflammatory changes in the perilymphatic spaces, while the endolymphatic spaces have reacted only by dilatation. It seemed characteristic that the organ of Corti, the stria vascularis, and in some cases the ganglia, fairly soon showed signs of degeneration, but as these changes were not found to be related to the severity of the hydrops, it was assumed that most probably both processes —independently of each other—were caused by toxic or chemical disturbances in the endolymph (Lindsay, 1947). On the other hand, the idiopathic form of labyrinthine hydrops exhibits pathological changes only in the endolymphatic spaces and seldom appears to give rise to degenerations of the sensory apparatus or ganglia. This item has been studied particularly in connection with Meniere's disease, but owing to the varied interpretations of the clinical definition it has been difficult to assess the available, limited pathological material, as the case histories often cast doubt on the diagnosis and as associated disease may frequently have been the aetiological basis of the histological findings (Wustrow and Borkowsky, i960, Kristensen, 1961). As yet, we do not know the genesis of Meniere's disease, but theories advanced by Miiller (1939), Williams (1951), and others do indicate that vasomotor disturbances may be responsible. Many authors have considered a rudimentary or absent endolymphatic duct to be a probable cause of dropsical states, but according to Altmann (1955) Guild's theory on a reduced absorption of endolymph must be considered as having been


Uniform asymptotic high‐frequency solution is developed for the diffraction of plane waves by an acoustically transmissive strip located between two half‐planes which are soft at the top and hard at the bottom. After simulating the partially transmissive strip by "resistive type" boundary conditions, the three‐part boundary value problem is formulated as a "Modified Matrix Wiener‐Hopf" equation. By performing the Wiener‐Hopf factorization of the kernel matrix through the Daniele‐Khrapkov method, the modified matrix Wiener‐Hopf equation is first reduced to a pair of coupled Fredholm integral equations of the second kind and then solved by iterations. Diffracted field expressions are derived up to the third order terms which include the surface wave field effects in a uniform manner.


Simple Summary Goat farming is becoming more important in Germany and as dehorning is forbidden, it is necessary to facilitate animal welfare among horned and mixed-horned herds. In this study an optimized automatic concentrated feeding system was installed in a mixed-horned herd and lying behaviour was detected by accelerometer technology. Results show a seasonal progression of lying behaviour in dairy goats and an adjustment of behavioural differences between horned and hornless goats with the new feeding system. Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate lying behaviour in dairy goats before and after installation of an optimized automatic concentrated feeding system (AFS). A mixed-horned herd of Bunte Deutsche Edelziege was used. As many agonistic interactions between goats happen at the feeding place, a new automated feeding system was installed to better fulfil the needs of horned goats. Lying behaviour is an indicator to ascertain animal welfare of ruminants. In order to measure lying behaviour accelerometer technology was used and verified by video analyses. The results show an agreement of 99.62–99.93% per lying time by comparing accelerometers to video data. Over all goats, a mean ± SD lying time (LT) of 11.78 ± 1.47 h/d, a mean ± SD lying bout duration (LBD) of 0.51 ± 0.10 h/bout and a mean ± SD frequency of lying bouts (FLB) of 24.35 ± 5.57 were found. Lying behaviour follows a seasonal progression with significant lowest LBD and highest FLB in summer. With the old AFS significant differences in LBD and FLB were detected between horned and hornless goats, but with the new AFS results were adjusted. Findings suggest that changes in feeding management do not affect the general seasonal progression of lying behaviour but can affect the behavioural differences between horned and hornless dairy goats.


A method for identifying a receiver to provide a re-distribution of content from a plurality of receivers, the method includes the steps of making available the watermarked version of the content to only a subset of the plurality of receivers, a watermark and determining whether the version is delivered after put, only the receiver result in redistribution until a state included in the subset, one or more receivers from the plurality of receivers based on the determination excludes, comprising whereby, and identifying this receiver. Preferably, the binary search algorithm is used. System for distributing content to a plurality of receivers configured to perform the method is also used.


On many slopes in the Alps one can find small shallow eroded areas. In some areas an increase in such erosion forms has been documented and related to changes in land use in recent decades. Possible effects of changes in climatic conditions must also be taken into account in this context. The size of the eroded areas discussed in this paper ranges from 2 m2 to 200 m2 and their depth rarely exceeds a few decimetres. They also present clearly delineated scarps. The material transfer occurs in the unconsolidated material and may reach into the bedrock in individual cases. The eroded areas can occur as shallow landslides or as the result of erosion by snow movement. Key factors in these processes are the composition and layering of the unconsolidated material, the climatic framework, topography, land cover and land use. This paper discusses shallow eroded areas in Tyrol (Austria). Initially the distribution pattern of affected areas within Tyrol was studied on the basis of expert interviews and after analysing aerial photographs. Then 161 individual eroded areas in eight study areas were captured using a standardized documentation sheet and compared in terms of site and shape characteristics. From this it transpired that by far the regions with most eroded areas are found in the northern, limestone dominated regions of Tyrol. Moreover, the results indicate that the majority of all recorded shallow eroded areas seemed to be caused by snow movement what can be deduced from certain location parameters (e.g. aspect, inclination), shape and shallow depth of erosion. The comparison with results from other studies also suggests this conclusion. Nevertheless in individual cases there are uncertainties in concluding on the forming processes based on the mentioned properties of the shallow eroded areas.


Phase shifted moire interferometry is one of the most effective tools for obtaining a full-field depth map. The major draw back of the technique is the two pi ambiguity which limits the measurement depth range to one fringe or requires the counting of fringes across the image. In either case, only a relative measurement is obtained, no information is available about the absolute distance to the camera. By moving the moire projection system (field shifting) the period of the moire pattern is changed allowing extraction of absolute depth information. We have built an instrument, employing field shifted moire to produce a full field depth map with 12 bits of depth resolution. The performance and applications of this instrument are discussed.


Abstract A facile method for solid-phase organic synthesis of (E)-3-substituted acrylonitriles in good yields using polystyrene-supported α-selenoacetonitrile has been developed. The advantages of this method include straightforward operation, lack of odor, good stability, and high purity of the products.


Based on the summarizing of the evolvement of the way of enterprise expansion,this paper analy-sed the traits of the way of the enterprise expansion and predicted the new trend of the enterprise expansion.In order to give theoretical directions for enterprise to chose the suitable way of expansion.


Conservation of black-backed woodpecker (Picoides arcticus), a burned-forest specialist, is challenged by the unpredictable availability of suitable habitat. Habitat models calibrated with data from previous wildfires can be used to predict habitat suitability in newly fire-affected areas. Predictive accuracy of habitat models depends on how well statistical relationships reflect actual ecological relationships. We predicted habitat suitability for Black-backed Woodpecker at Montana post-wildfire forests (≤ 6 years postfire) east of the continental divide using models calibrated with nest location data from wildlfire locations in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. We developed 6 habitat models, including one partitioned Mahalanobis model, two Maxent models, and 3 weighted logistic regression models with combinations of seven environmental variables describing burn severity, topography, and pre-fire canopy cover. We converted continuous habitat suitability indices (HSIs) into binary predictions (suitable or unsuitable) and combined predictions using and ensemble approach; we compiled the number of models (0–6) predicting locations (30×30-m pixels) as suitable. Habitat models represented different hypotheses regarding true ecological relationships, making inferences from ensemble predictions robust to uncertainties in the form of these relationships. Thirty-five percent of the area burned by eastside Montana wildfires was predicted suitable by either all seven habitat models or none of them (i.e. complete agreement among models). We recommend conservation of areas (e.g., exclusion of post-fire salvage logging) that were consistently predicted suitable by most models, e.g., 32 percent of burned areas predicted suitable by ≥ 5 models. Additionally, we recommend surveying areas where models disagree to help validate and refine models.


Aim: The objective of our study is to evaluate the impact that the COVID-19 emergency and the related measures adopted have had on the family management of minors with neuropsychiatric disorders. Another objective of this study is to carry out a first longitudinal evaluation of this impact on parental stress, comparing the data collected before the pandemic with those collected during the lockdown. Methods: This is an observational study that involved 271 families of patients already treated at the Child Neuropsychiatry Unit of the Salerno University Hospital between 2 and 23 years (112 with Autism Spectrum Disorder, 86 with epilepsy and 73 with other disorders of neurodevelopment). All participants were given an ad hoc telephone interview and a standardized questionnaire (PSI - Parenting Stress Index-Short Form). The telephone interview showed that a significant percentage of parents reported an increase in their child's daily management difficulties during the lock-down and emotional / behavioral problems, in particular the externalizing disorder. Comparison of the mean scores of the PSI-SF questionnaires completed before and during the lockdown showed a statistically significant increase in scores in the Total Stress scale and in the Parental Distress subscales. Results & Conclusion: The results of our study suggest that the confinement measures and changes in daily routine imposed by quarantine negatively affected the behavioral and emotional dimensions of both children and parents causing a significant increase in parental stress, which is mainly related to feelings of inadequacy in relation to their role in such a delicate situation, and concern for the future.


This patient education booklet, written by two physicians, is divided into 5 sections. Section 1 describes supine exercises using the occipital float or a pillow and weight bearing active range of motion and phasic exercises, the latter aimed at functional integration of cervical, thoracic, and shoulder motion. Section 2 describes supine, prone, and sidelying isometric and isotonic exercises. Section 3 provides standing isometric and isotonic neck strengthening exercises using a ball. Section 4 describes a whole spine stabilization exercise progression in quadruped position and the final section describes two postural exercises, the Brugger and wall angel exercises. Each exercise is described in a succinct yet clear manner and 1 to 4 black-and-white photographs illustrate every exercise. For most exercises, emphasis is placed on a preparatory activation of the deep cervical flexor muscles. Throughout the booklet, there is room for the clinician to indicate duration and repetitions. With 33 low-tech exercises allowing progressive cervical stabilization routines in various positions, this booklet is an option for clinicians seeking to provide patients with this type of educational material.


Instead of various explanations of particular wave effects, they are here unified into the same theory. Going from the simpler, towards more complex effects, each following relies on the preceding explanation. Not only that these explanations are thus more understandable and convincing, but their similarities and distinctions are compared through a few classification principles. Though physical essences of particular waves slightly influence the exposition, some artificial exceptions are here overcome and finally refuted.


The theoretical and empirical laws for non Darcy seepage in dam foundation are analyzed and summarized. By means of the theoretical solution method, the model for non Darcy seepage through dam foundation is solved to determine the hydrostatic seepage pressure and the seepage flux, which is also compared with the corresponding linear seepage solutions. It can be proved that the non linear seepage law can not be approximately regarded as the linear seepage law in analysis of non Darcy seepage through dam foundation.


We have investigated the role of the host's CD1d‐dependent innate antitumor immune response in a murine T‐cell lymphoma model in vivo. We found that C57BL/6 wildtype (WT) mice inoculated with RMA/S cells transfected with murine CD1d1 died at the same rate as mice inoculated with vector‐transfected cells. In contrast, natural killer T (NKT) cell‐deficient CD1d or Jα18 knockout mice inoculated with CD1d‐transfected RMA/S cells survived significantly longer than mice inoculated with vector‐transfected RMA/S cells, implicating the involvement of invariant NKT (iNKT) cells in inhibiting antitumor activity in vivo. In contrast to the mutant mice, which produced more of the proinflammatory cytokines IFN‐γ and GM‐CSF, WT mice produced significantly elevated amounts of IL‐13. Antitumor activity in the knockout mice was not due to the development of CD1d‐specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes or circulating antibodies. However, iNKT cell numbers were elevated in tumor‐bearing mice. Thus, iNKT cells may be playing a negative role in the host's antitumor immune response against T‐cell lymphomas in a CD1d‐dependent manner. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Power quality becomes one of the significant contemplations in the power system. It has become significant particularly with the presentation of advanced devices. These high-level advanced devices are sensitive to the nature of the power supply. The power quality refers to the voltage, current, and frequency at the evaluated value. If any variation occurred in these quantities the standard rating is considered as the power quality problem. The power quality issues like loss of sine, voltage sag, voltage swell, short interruption, long interruption, flicker, and harmonics. To overcome these power quality issues, we like to utilize custom power devices on the distribution side. Among various custom power devices, Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator is liked to use for expanding the power quality, on account of their basic power supply at the circulation power system which can't be interfered with development and less complexity. This paper presents the near research of single-phase with and without D-STATCOM by utilizing MATLAB Simulink programming.


This paper is a practical study of how to implement the Quicksort sorting algorithm and its best variants on real computers, including how to apply various code optimization techniques. A detailed implementation combining the most effective improvements to Quicksort is given, along with a discussion of how to implement it in assembly language. Analytic results describing the performance of the programs are summarized. A variety of special situations are considered from a practical standpoint to illustrate Quicksort's wide applicability as an internal sorting method which requires negligible extra storage.


A recent study of honors curricula across the nation indicates that 75.6% of honors programs and colleges at four-year institutions have thesis or capstone requirements (Savage and Cognard-Black). In addition to institutions with thesis requirements, many more also have the option for students to complete theses. For example, an earlier study found that 94.3% of honors colleges offered the opportunity to complete an honors thesis (Sederberg). As Anderson, Lyons, and Weiner indicate, the origins of the honors movement in the United States included an emphasis on the completion of an honors thesis. While discipline-based modes of research and creative scholarship are the most common, alternatives to the traditional thesis rooted in experiential education have also been encouraged (Gustafson and Cureton). In short, the honors thesis in its several forms is an established element of honors education. Despite the centrality and prevalence of the honors thesis requirement, however, little research has been conducted to understand the preparation that students should have in order to write a thesis. Expectations for honors theses are generally high and often approximate the level of rigor one expects from masters-level students. Unfortunately, many students complete these projects without specific coursework to prepare them for projects at this level of rigor. A growing number of scholars have advocated for courses and curricula to provide students support as they develop honors theses (Anderson, Lyons, and Weiner; Coey and Haynes; Levinson and Mandel). While the arguments for these courses are strong and some report positive evaluations of these courses, there is scant empirical evidence for the success of such courses. This study draws on data from nearly four hundred students over a six-year period to demonstrate the effectiveness of curricular models in supporting students' completion of honors theses. CONTEXT Starting in 2007, the Georgia Southern University Honors Program began developing seminars for students in their final semesters to provide them support as they developed their thesis projects. All honors students must complete a thesis project that includes a written component. The course content has been designed to help students through steps such as developing a topic, identifying a mentor, understanding previous research, identifying an appropriate methodology, collecting data, and presenting findings in both a written thesis and an oral presentation. The content in these courses is similar to that covered in other thesis courses discussed in the literature (Anderson, Lyons, and Weiner; Coey and Haynes; Levinson and Mandel). Unlike some institutions, however, GSU has designed courses rooted in departments or colleges. In other words, they are not generic preparations for the thesis but are instead taught by professors in the students' major disciplines, thus allowing for more specificity in the course content and more discipline-specific guidance in building a substantial research project. Because these seminars were designed to be discipline-specific (or at least specific to a cluster of majors within a college), a question arose whether it would be desirable and feasible to develop such courses for all majors, and some disciplines opted out. In the natural sciences, for instance, engaging undergraduate students in substantial research projects has been a standard practice for some time, typically involving a research mentor who guides the student through the steps of carrying out and presenting research. This norm renders a fair amount of the content of thesis seminars redundant. Consequently, the decision was made not to develop the seminar sequences in the natural sciences, except for one department that developed a pre-research methodology sequence in which students earned directed research credits for the work they did with their mentors During the timeframe for this study, the majority of honors students completed theses in in the natural sciences or in disciplines where seminars were developed. …


In solving atmospheric dynamics problems, the influence of the gravity field inhomogeneities (GFI) is neglected. The traditional basis for this is that the amplitude of gravity variations even in highly anomalous regions do not exceed 10−3 ms−2 in order of magnitude, i.e. 4 orders of magnitude less than average gravity. But in the presence of gravity anomalies, inhomogeneous forces of the same order act in the directions tangent to the mean Earth ellipsoid. The atmosphere dynamics is very sensitive to the forces of such directions. In highly anomalous regions, they are comparable with the main horizontal forces acting in the atmosphere, in particular with the forces of the pressure gradient and Coriolis forces. Therefore, it seems appropriate to analyze the possible effect of spatial variations of gravity on the dynamics of the atmosphere, primarily for mesoscale atmospheric disturbances. In a number of the authors' previous works, theoretical studies of the possible effect of GFI on the atmosphere dynamics are carried out. This report contains some new relevant findings. A three-dimensional analytical model of geostrophic wind disturbances under the influence of GFI is developed. An analogy of atmospheric disturbances caused by thermal inhomogeneities of the underlying surface and GFI is shown. Attention is drawn to the possibility of "accumulation" of atmospheric effects associated with the gravitational field inhomogeneities.


Wind farms are confronted with increasing demands for power quality and fail-safe operation at grid fault. State-of-art techniques applied to meet low voltage ride-through (LVRT) requirements for fix speed wind farms are blade pitching and dynamic reactive power compensation. Besides, breaking resistor and energy storage unit is also helpful to LVRT performance. However, these approaches have their own limitations. A hybrid of STATCOM and series dynamic breaking resistor (SDBR) to realize LVRT performance is proposed in this paper. Utilization of STATCOM overcomes the drawback of SDBR while the SDBR greatly reduces STATCOM rating. Comparisons of the proposed system and some other systems were presented and validated by SABER with a representative model. Simulation results indicate that good LVRT performance can be achieved with low rating of STATCOM. It is also shown that the combination shares the electrical stress of the three phases during unbalance fault.


Transistor sizing is a well-known technique to reduce Single Event Transients in nanometer technologies. In this work, the transistor sizing technique is evaluated at a 90nm 3D device model for SET robustness. Mix-mode simulations at TCAD were performed in three basic logic gates of the ST 90nm standard cell library. Results indicate that the transistor sizing can be more or less efficient to reduce SET according to the collected charge. For alpha particles, the technique can enhance the reliability for high transistor width sizes, while for high-energy particles the technique can increase the transient pulse amplitude and duration making SET effect even worse.


Purpose – This study assesses the impact of a potential Korea-Kenya FTA on the global economy, which includes the US, EU, UK, China, and Japan, using the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model. Design/Methodology/Approach – The study employs a static global multi-sector CGE model using the GTAP database version 10 with the base year of 2014. For this study, we aggregate the 141 regions and 65 sectors of the GTAP database into 16 regions and 57 sectors. Four policy simulations were implemented based on tariffs and ad valorem equivalents (AVEs) of non-tariff measures (NTMs) estimated by Kitetu and Ko Jong-Hwan (2021). Findings – Simulation results suggest that the real GDP of Korea will likely increase by 0.001% to 0.002%, with welfare increasing by US$1.8 million to US$74.7 million. In comparison, the real GDP of Kenya will likely rise by 0.003% to 0.045%, while welfare will rise by US$1.8 million to US$ 75.3 million. Imports by both countries will rise at a higher rate than exports. For Kenya, domestic output increases in agriculture, extraction, and service sectors, and for Korea, output goes up in processed food and light and heavy manufacturing sectors. Research Implications – The novelty of this paper is in the first empirical quantification of the economic impact of a Korea-Kenya FTA on not only its members but also its trading partners, such as the US, EU, UK, China, and Japan. Moreover, this study provides a comprehensive overview of the impact of a potential FTA between Korea and Kenya by reducing and eliminating tariffs and AVEs of NTMs.


[Objective] Identify the strength of resistance germplasm in Fructus cannabis from different habitats,and provide a scientific basis for the introduction and cultivation of Fructus cannabis.[Method]Apply pot culture experiment to control the water and temperature.We had determined the drought,cold,and waterlogging tolerance of 21 copies of germplasm resources of Fructus cannabis.We apply Daejeon plant,survey and observations to determine the germplasm performance of anti-flea beetle leaves of Fructus cannabis.Through the membership function,we calculate the resistance recovery index RI and population density of insects,and evaluate the drought resistance,waterlogging tolerance,cold resistance and leaf resistance to flea beetle of 21 copies of germplasm resources of Fructus cannabis.Through weight grade method,we appraise 21 copies of germplasm resources of Fructus cannabis synthetically.[Result] In the 21 copies of the materials tested,Fructus cannabis of different habitats composite score in between 49.85-84.10.The top three are Hohhot,Inner Mongolia,Shaanxi Jingbian,Yunnan Chuxiong Lufeng.The lowest score is Guiyang Xifeng.[Conclusion] From different habitats,the germplasm resistance of Fructus cannabis varies.In the introduction and cultivation,we should choose suitable varieties cultivated based on regional climatic conditions.


An earlier result on observer design for stochastic parameter systems is utilized to show that optimal one-step predictors for such systems are mean square stable and to propose a new class of stable estimation schemes.


The goal of this paper is to establish which practical routing schemes for wireless networks are most suitable for wideband systems in the power-limited regime, which is, for example, a practically relevant mode of operation for the analysis of ultra-wideband (UWB) mesh networks. For this purpose, we study the tradeoff between energy efficiency and spectral efficiency (known as the power-bandwidth tradeoff) in a wideband linear multihop network in which transmissions employ orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation and are affected by quasi-static, frequency-selective fading. Considering open-loop (fixed-rate) and closed-loop (rate-adaptive) multihop relaying techniques, we characterize the impact of routing with spatial reuse on the statistical properties of the end-to-end conditional mutual information (conditioned on the specific values of the channel fading parameters and therefore treated as a random variable) and on the energy and spectral efficiency measures of the wideband regime. Our analysis particularly deals with the convergence of these end-to-end performance measures in the case of large number of hops, i.e., the phenomenon first observed in [1] and named as "multihop diversity". Our results demonstrate the realizability of the multihop diversity advantages in the case of routing with spatial reuse for wideband OFDM systems under wireless channel effects such as path-loss and quasi-static frequency-selective multipath fading.


PURPOSE: A submarine topography information management system is provided to protect a communication line and a power line with a lifting wire. CONSTITUTION: A submarine topography information management system comprises an undersea photograph device and an undersea image correction device(200). The undersea photograph device comprises an underwater detector(140), an ultrasonic sensor(142), a positioning device(143), an underwater camera(145) and a communication line(150). The ultrasonic sensor is installed in the bottom surface of the detector body. The communication line is electrically connected to a transmission unit of the underwater detector. The undersea image correction device comprises a storage(220), a receiver(230), a controller(240), an input unit(250) and an output unit(260). The storage stores the image of seafloor and is located in a calibrator body. The receiver receives an ultrasonic signal from the transmission unit of the underwater detector.


Design of an efficient and suitably rigid support structure of a tall building is constantly a challenge for architects and engineers. Recently this challenge is enormously increased by the safety requirements conditioned by numerous emergency reasons. Among others one should mention here about effects of fire or a terrorist attack. The complex fo rms of structural systems have to be examined in many ways. Comprehensive analyses of these systems are carried out by application of suitable numerical models of these systems. The paper contains examples of shapes of structural systems proposed by the author together with definitions of their numerical models prepared in the programming language Formian.


Since tourists are one of the important stakeholders in World Heritage Sites (WHSs), what factors influence them and how does the impact mechanism work on heritage conversation? In particular, World Natural Heritage Sites (WNHSs) are generally facing threats to their ecological and heritage protection by the influx of tourists. To this end, this study took the perspective of attractions with Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) and tourist perceptions of service quality, and used place attachment as a mediator variable. Based on the 565 questionnaires responses by Mount Sanqingshan National Park (MSNP) tourists, the structural equation modelling technical method was adapted to explore the influence and mechanisms of tourist heritage protection. The following conclusions were drawn: (1) the perception of an OUV attraction had a positive effect on place attachment and intention to protect heritage; however, place attachment did not have a mediating effect; (2) service quality had a positive effect on place attachment and intention to protect heritage, yet place attachment did not have a mediating effect; (3) service quality was more effective than the OUV attraction on intention to protect heritage, and affiliate attraction had a 'core' trend; and (4) tourists' place attachment was not accepted as a positive assumption of their intention to protect heritage. Finally, we proposed measures and implications for enhancing the conservation and management of WNHSs, with a focus on building both the tourism industry and sustainable development of WHSs.


We connect two notions of tautological ring: one for the moduli space of curves (after Mumford, Faber, etc.), and the other for the Jacobian of a curve (after Beauville, Polishchuk, etc.). The motivic Lefschetz decomposition on the Jacobian side produces relations between tautological classes, leading to results about Faber's Gorenstein conjecture on the curve side. We also relate certain Gorenstein properties on both sides and verify them for small genera. Further, we raise the question whether all tautological relations are motivic, giving a possible explanation why the Gorenstein properties may not hold.


Experiments with n-pentenyl glycosides and thioglycosides show that protecting groups have a dominant effect in controlling regioselective glycosidations whereby the best 'match' of donor with acceptor emerges. The experiments also show that for this outcome to be observed, the armed and disarmed donors must be allowed to compete on an equal level. If this condition is not met, coupling may still occur, but it will not be the best 'match'.


Motivational Interviewing is a style of psychotherapy which has shown success as a method for treating addiction and substance abuse problems. In recent years, Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques have shown promising results in assisting Motivational Interviewing (MI) training and advancing its popularity. One of the ways they are achieving this is by providing therapists feedback on their counseling efficacy by providing feedback to therapists via automatically tagged Motivational Interviewing skill codes (MISC) of utterances in a session. The recent transformer architecture-based language models offer off-the-shelf, domain adaptation capabilities and have achieved state-of-the-art results in many NLP tasks. However, these models have not been trained on dialogue data, which is structured much differently than the linear structure of passages. We propose methods to encode dialogue data such that it can be domain adapted for psychotherapy. We achieve state-of-the art results in every measured metric of classifying Motivational Interviewing skill codes. While prior work has sought to model patient and therapist as separate agents, we show that a unified model can further improve state-of-the-art results. We conclude by examining how well classical NLP interpretation methods work on transformer models by analyzing probing results on these models. We are able to show that interpretation techniques, that have been useful for other NLP tasks such as question answering, may not be powerful enough to explain the inner workings of transformer models. 1


The study investigated the attitudes of 339 preservice Science, Technology and Mathematics (STM) teachers towards continuous assessment practices in Nigeria within the blueprint of a descriptive survey research design in a conventional university. Data were collected using an instrument tagged preservice STM teachers' attitudes toward CA questionnaire in which respondents were to indicate the extent of their agreement or otherwise, on a modified five–point Likert attitude measuring scale, to a set of 39 statements made on various assessment practices. Results showed that a higher proportion of the preservice STM teachers seemed to display positive attitudes toward most of the continuous assessment practices while their attitudes toward some assessment practices tended to be either negative or neutral. Although gender and age might not be factors in preservice STM teachers' attitudes toward continuous assessment practices, discipline of study was the only potent predictor of preservice STM teachers' attitudes towards CA practices. Keywords: Attitude, continuous assessment practices, preservice science, technology, and mathematics teachers, Nigerian.


Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Introduction Catheter ablation for atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT) is usually performed with radiofrequency (RF) energy, which carries a risk of collateral conduction system injury. Cryoablation is a safer, but less effective alternative. Utilization of the three-dimensional electroanatomic mapping (3D EAM) system can potentially overcome some limitations of cryoablation and possibly improve procedural outcome. Purpose We retrospectively analyzed the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of cryoablation of AVNRT guided by 3D EAM system. Methods In this retrospective study, we analyzed consecutive patients who underwent cryoablation of AVNRT in our institution from April 2017 to May 2022. All procedures were performed with either magnetic-based or impedance-based system. A 3D model of the right atrium was created and important structures were annotated. Cryomapping was performed at the presumed slow pathway location, followed with cryoablation when appropriate. Location of cryoablation was annotated either with a dot superimposed from the distal electrode of the cryoablation catheter to the surface of the 3D model or the position of the cryoablation catheter was snapshotted. Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) was utilized at the operator's discretion. Procedural endpoint was AVNRT noninducibility, with up to one atrial echo beat allowed. Follow-up was performed with a visit to an outpatient clinic or with a telephone interview. Results The study included 122 consecutive patients (49/122 male; 33/122 pediatric patients, mean age 40.4 ± 22.1 years; mean BMI 25.0 ± 5.7 kg/m2). Altogether, 128 procedures were performed and 124 slow-fast AVNRT were diagnosed, 4 patients had slow-slow AVNRT. In six patients the procedure was repeated due to the recurrence of AVNRT. In two procedures, cryoablation was performed in the left atrium. Impedance-based 3D EAM system was used in 89.8% (115/128) of cases, while magnetic-based 3D EAM system was used in 10.2% (13/128) of cases. In 21.9% (28/128) of cases ICE was utilized. Median number of cryoablations was 3 (2 – 4) and median ablation time was 720 s (480 – 960 s). Cryomapping during ongoing AVNRT was possible in 52.3% (67/128) of cases, with mean time to termination of 13.4 ± 6.5 s. Mean procedural time was 80.9 ± 39.3 minutes. There were no major complications related to the procedure. Endpoint was achieved in 100% (128/128) of cases. Follow-up was completed in 96.7% (118/122) of cases, mean follow-up time was 484.7 ± 342.0 days. Arrythmia-free survival rate after first procedure was 88.1% (104/118). When all repeated procedures were included, the arrhythmia-free survival rate was 94.9% (112/118). Conclusion Cryoablation of AVNRT with utilization of the 3D EAM system is feasible, effective, and safe. Although, the success rate after first procedure is lower than expected, the procedure can be safely repeated to improve the outcome.


Abstract A new fluorescence labeling reagent 1-(4-(1 H-phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazol-2-yl)phenyl)-1 H-pyrrole-5-dione (PIPD) used for the sensitive determination of thiols in food samples has been successfully prepared. Thiols were extracted by a gas purge microsyringe extraction (GP-MSE) device. The derivatization of PIPD with thiols could be finished within 10 minutes at 35 °C in weak alkaline condition, and the corresponding derivatives showed excellent fluorescence properties with excitation and emission wavelengths of 264 nm and 396 nm, respectively. The eight thiol derivatives could be easily separated on normal reversed phase column because of the introduction of highly hydrophobic PIPD unit into the target analytes. It is the first time that GP-MSE has been applied to the extraction of a wide range of thiols in food samples with only a small amount of methanol (0.5 mL) needed. The limits of detection (LODs) were in the range of 0.19–0.98 µg/kg, while the recoveries were in the range of 85.6%–97.1% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) < 4.98%. Good linearities were observed for all analytes with correlation coefficients of higher than >0.9995.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


History was made here in November when two Buena Vista Audubon stalwarts spotted two eastern warblers almost never seen in San Diego County. Both were seen at or near San Elijo Lagoon. Steve Brad, known to many of us as a leader of our field trips, saw a worm-eating warbler, and Terry Hunefeld, who developed and oversees a hugely popular pelagic birding program for BVAS, saw a prothonotary warbler. Neither warbler was ever recorded here prior to the 1960s, and there have been only a few sightings of the birds since then. Both are birds of the eastern forests. Worm-eating warblers, sparrow-like, ground-nesting birds, can be found during the summer breeding season on wooded Appalachian hillsides from southern New England to the Gulf States, foraging in shrubs and subcanopy layers for insects, spiders, caterpillars, and slugs (not worms). They winter in forests of southern Mexico and along the Caribbean slope of Central America south to Panama.


Ingestion and absorption of a nutritionally adequate diet is necessary to maintain normal body composition and organ function. Patients with gastrointestinal diseases are at increased risk for developing nutritional abnormalities from anorexia, dietary restrictions, malabsorption, increased intestinal losses, or altered nutrient requirements. Therefore, it is important for gastroenterologists to understand the general principles of clinical nutrition for optimal management of patients with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The purpose of this review is to provide gastroenterologists with information on the basic principles of nutritional support, including metabolic principles, evaluation of nutritional status, indications for nutritional support, appropriate initiation and monitoring of nutritional therapy, and effective management of nutrition-related complications.


Through straightforward deduction procedure, we explicitly show
analytical solutions for both Fukui-Ishibashi (FI) model and Quick-Start (QS)
model, which are fundamental deterministic Cellular Automaton (CA), applied to
traffic flow.


At least one louver, and daylight illumination control unit / control unit louver system and method of controlling the light distribution in the space, which space contains a light source is mounted, the external light source, the space for a window, the method comprising, in the illumination control unit , the region at a plurality of measurement in the estimation from the working space and the illumination light source mounted external light source, determining the intensity level of each light source based on the estimated mounting illuminance; and determining in accordance with predetermined requirements blinds and / or measuring a first positioned in daylight / blind control unit, a plurality of measurement data in the receiving space area, determining a second louver according to a predetermined positioning requirements, selecting the first or the second louver is positioned to provide optimal comfort sunlight glare prevent and vision.


Uptake of Tc-99m Hexamethylpropylene-amine Oxine (HM-PAO) was seen in bone metastases from carcinoma of the lung. The uptake was prominent when compared to Tc-99m MDP, 1-123 IMP, and Ga-67citrate. Brain imaging with Tc-99m HM-PAO and N-isopropyl-p-[l-123] iodoamphetamine (IMP) is now frequently performed. Uptake of these agents has been reported in brain tumors and melanomas. In this report, uptake of Tc-99m HM-PAO in a metastatic lesion in bone is discussed.


A method for braking a wheel type vehicle in which - a braking operation of the vehicle is initiated, - a slip S and a traction μ and the vehicle speed v - v from the obtained vehicle speed - is modeled on the basis of a model viscosity η (Θ) and the reduction factor value e (Θ - μ on the basis of the course of the reduction factor e (Θ), the course of the frictional connection (Θ) is determined in dependence of the relative temperature Θ, - μ on the basis of the gradient of the frictional connection (Θ) the optimum adhesion μ - based on the optimal adhesion μ


Background: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is defined as resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampicin. In Cameroon, the prevalence is estimated at 150 cases/100,000 inhabitants or 6000 cases out of an estimated population of 3 million. Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine the risk factors associated with MDR-TB at Deido District Hospital located in the littoral region of Cameroon. Methods: This was a cross-sectional and analytical retrospective study. Our sample included all TB patients undergoing treatment at the Diagnostic and Treatment Center of the hospital from January 2019 to August 2020. Identified risk factors of MDR-TB were analyzed using the SPSS software version 20.0. Results: A total of 304 participants were enrolled with a predominance of 185 (60.8%) men. The average age was 35 years (29–43 years). About 122/304 (40%) of the patients suffered from MDR-TB. The significant factors associated with MDR-TB were occupation (adjusted odd ratio [aOR] = 61.46), monthly income (aOR = 0.11), history of TB (aOR = 5.3), alcohol consumption (aOR = 12.7); self-medication (aOR = 5.4) and consultation of traditional healers for any cure (aOR = 155.84). Conclusion: The emergence of MDR-TB associated with several risk factors in the study area is worrisome and can be prevented by improving the living conditions of patients and putting in place appropriate treatment strategies.


Results are presented for a wind tunnel investigation of three single VTOL lift fan stages designed for the same overall total pressure ratio at different rotor tip speeds. The stages were tested in a model lift fan installed in a wing pod. The three stages had essentially the same aerodynamic performance along the operating line. However, differences in stage thrust characteristics were obtained when a variation in back pressure was imposed on the stages by crossflow effects and thrust-vectoring louvers.


This prospective randomized comparative study is designed to compare outcomes of ultrasonography‐guided pigtail catheter drainage (PCD) and needle aspiration for the treatment of liver abscesses in terms of days to achieve clinical improvement, 50% reduction in cavity size and duration of hospital stay.


Suppliers are part of a company's supply chain. Supplier performance evaluation needs to be carried out by the company continuously because it affects the company's performance. Decisions involving suppliers are increasingly strategic and risky. Supplier selection is one of the basic strategies for developing output quality in each business organization. The incompetence of suppliers to meet the needs of the company will cause losses, or even bankruptcy. Recent research explains that the main criteria for selecting suppliers, including cost, quality, delivery, flexibility, and risk. Many suppliers are experiencing problems and causing disruption to a company's business processes. Sustainability becomes important to see factors that encourage greater attention to the risks associated with the supply chain, which then becomes an effort to build a robust supply system that is able to withstand disruption. This study explains the design of supplier performance criteria in which there are risk criteria developed with a model related to supplier selection that is able to accommodate supplier-related risk management.


The present disclosure provides a power control method and a wireless device, in a cluster comprised of wireless devices including a first wireless device and a second wireless device, comprising: receiving power control information including a second data channel transmission power, from the second wireless device; determining a first data channel transmission power based on the second data channel transmission power; and controlling data channel transmission power of the first wireless device according to the first data channel transmission power; wherein, the first data channel transmission power is a power allowing the first wireless device to reach all wireless devices in the cluster, and the second data channel transmission power is a power allowing the second wireless device to reach all wireless devices in the cluster.


19 Chitosan and fish gelatin, by-products from marine industry, were used to prepare active 20 biobased films containing an antioxidant (coumarin). After drying, the films were irradiated at 40 21 and 60kGy by electron beam accelerator. The effect of irradiat ion on the film properties as well 22 as the antioxidant release mechanism were investigated and compar ed with the control. Electron 23 Spin Resonance (ESR) unravelled free radical formation during irradi ation in films containing 24 coumarin. After antioxidant addition and/or irradiation treatment, only a shift of amide A, and 25 amide B peak was observed for all the films, and a shift of ami de II band for the control film 26 after 60kGy irradiation dose. Irradiation allowed to improve the therm al stability of the control 27 films. Both addition of coumarin and irradiation increased the surface wettability (increase of the 28 polar component of the surface tension). From the water barrier anal ysis, neither irradiation nor 29 coumarin addition influenced the permeability at the lower RH gradient used (0-30% RH). Using 30 the higher RH gradient (30-84%) induced a rise of the WVP of all fi lms (containing or not 31 coumarin) after irradiation treatment. At 60kGy, the tensile st r ngth of only the control films 32 increased significantly. Finally, even if functional and struct ural properties are only weakly 33 affected, it is enough to modify the release kinetics of the anti oxidant into aqueous medium. The 34 apparent diffusion coefficient of coumarin is two times reduced afte r irradiation. Irradiation also 35 allowed to better protecting the encapsulated antioxidant. Indeed, the a mount of coumarin in the 36 non-irradiated film was significantly lowered Compared to the init ial quantity, which is probably 37 due to degradation. Coumarin in irradiated films is more protected considering thi s aspect. 38 39


OBJECTIVE:To summarized the recent progress in the treatment of local advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.METHODS:The PubMed system and CNKI databases were searched using the keywords nasopharyngeal carcinoma and therapy,published from Jan.2000 to Jun.2010.Criteria of paper adoption: 1) Clinical study of nasopharyngeal carcinoma including the methods,result,and progresses;2) Analysis the efficacy,side effects of radiotherapy,chemotherapy and other therapies.According to the above criteria,27 papers were finally selected for analyzed and reviewed.RESULTS: All of these different therapies make some improvement.And most of researches focus on the intensity modulated radiation therapy(IMRT),IMRT brings local control rates up to more than 90% and obviously decreases the side effects compared with the conventional radiotherapy with better sparing of the surrounded normal tissue,while IMRT need more strictly request for the target coutoured.Combine chemotherapy with radiotherapy can reduce the metastasis rate and improve the overall survival(OS),and concurrent chemo-radiotherapy is the most promising strategy to cope with the disease.Target therapy has become an important new treatment option;however,there need further clinical research to confirm their effect.CONCLUSION:At present radiotherapy is still the main method in the treatment of loco-regionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma,combined with concurrent chemotherapy or target therapy also have shown great effect.


One hundred years ago Otto Lilienthal fulfilled a lifelong dream and became the first to successfully fly a glider in a repeatable, controlled and documented way. He is today recognized not only as a courageous and skillful pilot but also as a careful and observant flight test engineer, as an innovative desisigner, as a tireless visionary who promoted gliding as a sport and even as the first manufacturer of a production glider. One should not forget Lilienthals' scientific achievemerts, in particular his work that is suumarized in his book 'Bird Flight as the Basis of Flying, published in 1889. Just as Lilienthal could not have foreseen the tremendous technical progress in the last 100 years and would have been utteriy amazed about what happened to his fragile gliding machine, we cannot possibly imagine all the wonderful and exciting developments in gliding machines by the year 2091!


In this paper let Q = {T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8} be a subsemilattice of X−semilattice of unions D where T1 ⊂ T2 ⊂ T3 ⊂ T5 ⊂ T6 ⊂ T8, T1 ⊂ T2 ⊂ T3 ⊂ T5 ⊂ T7 ⊂ T8, T1 ⊂ T2 ⊂ T4 ⊂ T5 ⊂ T6 ⊂ T8, T1 ⊂ T2 ⊂ T4 ⊂ T5 ⊂ T7 ⊂ T8, T1 6= ∅, T4\T3 6= ∅, T3\T4 6= ∅, T6\T7 6= ∅, T7\T6 6= ∅, T3∪T4 = T5, T6∪T7 = T8, then we characterize the class each element of which is isomorphic to Q by means of the characteristic family of sets, the characteristic mapping and the generate set of Q. Moreover, we calculate the number of regular elements of BX(D) for a finite set X. AMS Subject Classification: 20M30, 20M10, 20M15


This paper demonstrated a new method for consecutive and selective chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of Pt and Al on a TiO2 surface in the presence of a highly hydrophobic 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane (PFS) monolayer. The printed PFS monolayers effectively served as a monolayer resist for the consecutive CVD of Al and Pt in the fabrication of the patterned, robust Pt/Al bilayer electrodes for TiO2 resistive switching random access memory (ReRAM) devices. The Al underlayer promoted the nucleation and the growth of the CVD Pt, and thus provided a base for a more uniform and thicker deposition of Pt than bare TiO2 surfaces. In addition, the enhanced adhesion of Pt with the additional Al layer significantly improved the endurance of the resistive switching TiO2 thin film. Thus this bottom-up approach may be well extended in the fabrication of next generation devices.


If a university has decided to adopt gender equality as a goal, how should it go about achieving it? It is not easy; it is not a single problem to solve. Various factors interact to produce inequitable and inhospitable working environments including overt discrimination and harassment, societal stereotypes, unconscious bias, and promotion and hiring procedures which promote or fail to protect against bias. Gender inequalities affect different people in different ways. Some people may struggle as a result of working under stereotype threat – a well-researched psychological phenomenon where an individual's performance and confidence on a task is reduced by being a member of a minority group which has negative stereotypes associated with that task.


The article is devoted to the motif of lost time in two stories by the American-born writer Henry James. The author of the article, while comparing the two stories, pays attention to the similarities and the differences between the representations of the motif. That makes him able to speak about the evolution of Henry James's views on relations between an artist and time, art and reality.


It is a great honor for me to be here this evening and I would like to thank the European Association for Business and Commerce (EABC) for the warm welcoming arrangement of this event. I am very delighted to address this prestigious group of audience including ambassadors and leading businesspersons, among which many are Thailand's beloved and longtime friends. I would also like to acknowledge the EABC Board of Directors and the President, Mr. Rolf-Dieter Daniel, for ongoing efforts and hard work to improve ThailandEU economic relationship. I hope this dinner has provided opportunity for all of us to exchange ideas and share perspectives. For myself, there is much to learn from the business community and I am grateful for all the feedbacks I received. Business partnership with foreign investors has always been important to Thailand's economy. In fact, not only has Thailand gained much benefits from international trades and investments, including ones with the European Union (EU), we also have benefited from the "needs" to meet standards and requirements set by the international community. These reform efforts might result in short term setback, but will certainly result in long term gains that promote sustainability and further enhance our competitiveness and business partnership with foreign partners.


Surgery will give an emotional reaction to the patient, such as anxiety. Anxiety causes adverser physical effects for patients who will undergo surgery. Anxiety can be caused by a patient's ignorance of the surgical procedure. The provision of information through informed consent to improve patient knowledge becomes very important. The aim of this study to know the relationship between the knowledge level and the satisfaction of giving informed consent to the preoperative patient at the Kutilang Installation of RSUP. Dr. Kariadi of Semarang. This study design used correlation study with crossectional approach. Sampling technique used accidental sampling on 70 respondents. Test results with spearman rank shows no reletionship between the knowledge level and the satisfaction of giving informed consent to the preoperative patient at the Kutilang Installation of RSUP. Dr. Kariadi of Semarang, showed by p value 0,082. Recommendation of the study is to improve the effective communication to the patient so that the patient is satisfied with the service available in RSUP. Dr. Kariadi of Semarang.

Key words : knowledge, satisfaction, informed consent, preoperative
References : 37 (2002 – 2018)


The importance of good dietary habits from a young age is now well accepted, but there are growing concerns over how sustainable our food supply is and whether our dietary habits need to change in order to ensure a more sustainable food supply for the future. Health visitors have a key role in providing advice on diet and nutrition to families with young children and helping to encourage good eating habits from an early age. However, with growing pressures on the global food system, the need to consider sustainability issues when making dietary choices is of increasing importance. This is a very complex area but there are some initial steps that families can start taking to help ensure that our food supply remains sustainable for the future.


Theinteraction between immunoglobulin G (IgG)andceftriaxone was studied. Usingan ultrafiltration method, we performed doseranging studies ata ceftriaxone concentration rangeof1to720,ug/ml inthe presenceofvarious concentrations ofhumanIgG,humanserum albumin (HSA), andcombinations ofIgGand HSAatpH7.4and37°C. Theresults showedthatceftriaxone binding toIgGwas nonlinear andwasconsistent withthepresenceoftwobinding sites thatpossessdifferent binding capacities andaffinities. Exceptfor increased peakpercent binding astheIgGconcentration increased, thebinding characteristics didnotchange withIgGconcentration. Binding toHSAwas consistent, withthepresenceofonly onehigh-affinity binding site. A mathematical modelbased on theobserved datawas constructed; thismodelwas usedtopredict protein binding atvarious concentrations ofdrug, IgG,HSA,orcombinations ofIgGandHSA inbuffer andinplasma medium.Correlations betweentheobserved versusthepredicted values were excellent inbothmedia. Simulations withthemodelindicated thatpatients withhypergammaglobulinemia havean increased potential ofbeing exposed toprolonged subinhibitory concentrations ofceftriaxone ifthedrugisgiven onceevery24h. Increasing use oflarge dosesofintravenous (i.v.) immunoglobulin G (IgG) necessitates acloser examination ofdrug binding toimmunoglobulins toascertain whether drugdosingregimens needtobealtered tomaintain drugeffectiveness.Suspicion that certain drugs may bindtoimmunoglobulins hasbeenheightened bya recentreportshowing that large dosesofhumanIgGgiven inconjunction withceftriaxonetoneonatal ratsinfected with agroupB streptococcus raised themortality ratefrom56.5%whenceftriaxone was usedalone to95.7%whenthey were usedtogether (10). One potential explanation forthis phenomenon isthatIgGbinds ceftriaxone. Morerecently, Cantuetal.(7)reported unusual vancomycin pharmacokinetics ina patient withIgAmyeloma. Totalconcentrations ofvancomycin inserum were extremely elevated, butthefreefraction inserum was only 3%,whilecontrol samples fromotherpatients receiving vancomycin were 62to90%.Theelimination half-life was prolonged despite normalrenal function, andvancomycin therapy was clinically ineffective. Extensive binding ofvancomycin, presumably tohighconcentrations oftheIgA protein, was suspected toaccountforthese observations. TheIgAsubtype involved was notcharacterized. To prove thehypothesis that some drugs may bindto immunoglobulins, a detailed invitro kinetic evaluation was undertaken withIgG.Sinceceftriaxone was theantibiotic usedintheratstudy notedabove(10), thatdrugwas chosen forthis study. Moreover, cephalosporins arethemostcommonlyusedantibiotic drugsinhospitalized, infected patients, andtherefore, theyare themostlikely antibiotic grouptobeusedconcomitantly withlarge i.v. dosesofIgG. Theessential kinetic features ofceftriaxone areits extensiveandsaturable protein binding inthetherapeutic range andelimination about equally bybiliary secretion andbythe


Several antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are currently being evaluated in clinical trials in a variety of hematologic malignancies. Surprisingly, most ADCs are based on only few toxic compounds, largely limited to microtubuli- or DNA-targeting toxins (auristatins and maytansines or duocarmycins and pyrrolobenzodiazepines, PBDs). These payloads are mainly targeting proliferating cells potentially leading to limited efficacy in diseases with a low proliferation rates such as indolent lymphomas or multiple myeloma. Thus, new compounds with alternative toxicity mechanisms could enhance the therapeutic potential of ADCs. We therefore focus on amanitin based ADCs, so called ATACs (antibody-targeted Amanitin conjugates) comprising a new class of antibody-drug conjugates with amanitin as toxic payload. Amanitin is the most well-known toxin of the amatoxin family and binds to the eukaryotic RNA polymerase II thereby inhibiting the cellular transcription process at very low concentrations irrespective of the proliferation status of the target cell. In the current study, we have assessed in vitro and in vivo specificity andefficacy of HDP-101, an ATAC targeting BCMA (B cell maturation antigen). BCMA (also known as CD269) is expressed on cells of the B cell lineage, predominantly on plasma blasts and plasma cells. It is not expressed on naive, germinal center, and memory B cells. BCMA is highly expressed on malignant plasma cells and therefore considered an ideal target in multiple myeloma. In vitro cytotoxic potency of HDP-101 was tested on several BCMA-positive myeloma cell lines, as well as on non-proliferating primary CD138+ cells isolated from triple and quadruple refractory myeloma patients. Profound cytotoxic effects were seen at pico- to nanomolar concentrations of HDP-101 even in myeloma cells with low epitope density. Importantly, toxicity was observed neither in non-BCMA expressing control cells nor in myeloma cells exposed to an amanitin-loaded non-target control antibody. In mouse xenograft models of human myeloma, HDP-101 caused dose-dependent tumor regression including complete remissions after a single i.v. dose of 2.0 mg/kg and 4.0 mg/kg in subcutaneous xenografts and after single i.v. doses from 0.1 mg/kg to 2.0 mg/kg in disseminating xenografts. Safety profiling in Cynomolgus monkeys revealed a good tolerability and therapeutic index after sequentially applied doses of 0.3 mg/kg, 1.0 mg/kg, and multiple dose applications of 4 x 3.0 mg/kg. Hematology and clinical chemistry parameters were unaffected except for a mild to moderate and transient increase of liver enzymes and lactate dehydrogenase. The half-life of the HDP-101 in serum was ~12 days; the free toxin was detectable at levels close to the lower limit of quantification only. In conclusion, targeted cytotoxic drug delivery to BCMA positive myeloma cell lines was achieved by using HDP-101, an anti-BCMA-ATAC. The mode of action of the payload amanitin led to an efficient anti-tumor response in vitro and in vivo with good tolerability in non-human primate studies yielding a very favorable therapeutic index. Amanitin-based ADCs in the therapy of multiple myeloma is a novel promising approach with a distinct mode of action to overcome drug resistance and improve patient outcome. A First-in-human trial with HDP-101 is expected to start in 2018. Disclosures Breunig: Heidelberg Pharma GMBH: Employment, Other: Employee Stock Options. Palfi: Heidelberg Pharma GMBH: Employment, Other: Employee Stock Options. Muller: Heidelberg Pharma GMBH: Employment, Other: Employee Stock Options. Lutz: Heidelberg Pharma GMBH: Employment, Other: Employee Stock Options. Hechler: Heidelberg Pharma GMBH: Employment, Other: Employee Stock Options. Kulke: Heidelberg Pharma GMBH: Employment, Other: Employee Stock Options. Goldschmidt: Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Chugai: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Morphosys: Research Funding; Millenium: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Onyx: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau. Pahl: WILEX AG: Employment, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Employee Stock Options; Heidelberg Pharma GMBH: Employment, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Employee Stock Options. Raab: Heidelberg Pharma GMBH: Research Funding.


This study aims to investigate the impact of ownership structure on voluntary discloser in financial reporting of firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). To do so, ownership structure is classified into three groups namely institutional, managerial, and corporate ownership. In addition, voluntary disclosure is determined through 30 indexes which have been applied by previous studies, making some modifications. Sample of the study includes 101 firms listed in TSE whose financial statements and board activity reports are studied during the period of 2009 to 2011. To test each hypothesis, regression model using SPSS software is used which led to a comprehensive multivariate regression. The results show that there a positive significant relationship between ownership structure components (institutional, managerial and corporate ownership) and voluntary discloser in financial reporting of firms listed in TSE.


Introduced in this article is fabrication of an integrated capillary for the applications of electrochemical detection in capillary electrophoresis. The separation section, voltage decoupler, and working electrode were composed into a single section of capillary. The porous decoupler was constructed by HF etching till the thickness of the capillary wall less than 20 μm. The working electrode was prepared by sputtering Au-films on the outlet of the capillary. The integration of the separation capillary with a complete detection assembly improves the convenience for the routine application of electrochemical measurements in capillary electrophoresis. For a 100-μm-i.d. capillary, the theoretical plate number of catechol and the migration time reproducibility can reach 120,000 and 1.9% RSD, respectively. The linear range exceeds 3 order of magnitude and the detection limit is lower than 0.65 μM.


The article it puts in check the television concept comparing the main nature of the off-line TV with the main nature of on-line TV under the methodology of the frames. This nature had been formulated previously as related, in the case of the off -line TV, to an average image that we call duration- image, related to its time with times that we call reality time. In this check, the article emphasizes, in the target of the methodology, the virtualcurrent compound (as considered by Bergson) and the technical analyze of the empiricists (as proposal by Kilpp). Face to the notarized diff erences of nature we accounted, we suggest, as alternative, the concept (wider) tele-vision to think its updates in an off-line way almost in an on-line way. Around the methodology, the article points with respect to the embroidery frames of the research, in which, in if treating to Internet, it has already very available and very still to invent (or to become more known) how much the tools or procedures technician to make a good technical analyze of the materials that if it intends to analyze. Key words: tele-vision, television on Internet, reality time


This research is conducted because a high number of accidents occured during the workplace in PG. Krebet Baru. There were about 45 accidents in 2013 and 32 out of 45 accidents came from the M aintenance D ivision .  T his research is needed for the purpose of decreasing the number of accidents. The methods used in this research are hierarchycal task analysis (HTA), standarized plant risk analysis human reliability assessment (SPAR-H), and fault tree analysis (FTA). In this research, there are 4 stations. They are milling station, purification, maturation, and spinning. Based on this research, there are 5 accidents. They are damaged muscle, damaged bone, graze, damaged eye, and injuries from a fall. Based on this research, it can be concluded that the workplace conditions and the lack of worker awareness on the importance of protective equipment usage are the main causes of these work accidents. Based on these causes, the suitable solution is to change several work methods and instruct the workers about using protective equipment.


In the Globalization era, Capital market is very important sector for economy development. Capital Market is important factor of economic growth. The development of economies is intimately associated with the mobilisation and investment of financial saving. The process through which these saving are invested is capital market . Capital market can be classified as primary and secondary market. The fresh issue of securities takes place in primary market and trading among investors takes place in secondary market. Primary market is also known as new issues market. Equity investors first enter capital market though investment in primary market. In India, common investors participating in the equity primary market is massive. The number of companies offering equity through primary markets increased continuously. This Research paper described about overview of Indian capital market and trading procedure of Indian capital market through various stock exchange, and this research paper also focus on various aspects that has used in capital market.


The corresponding improvement measures was taken to deal with the actual operation problems in electric precipitator for oxygen—enriched bottom-blowing furnace,continuous and stable operation of the electrostatic precipitator was achieved.


This study investigates the online purchasing experiences of young adults aged between 16 and 30 in the Malaysian context. Specifically, we examine the relationship between the perceived quality of pure service online retailers (e-tailers) with the satisfaction (e-satisfaction) and loyalty (e-loyalty) of young consumers. In an online context, service quality is measured using Wolfinbarger and Gilly's (2003) eTailQ method. To test the relationships being investigated, data from a sample of 385 undergraduate and postgraduate students with high probability of online purchasing experience was collected from public and private universities located in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The results of multiple regression analysis show that all dimensions of eTailQ (website design, reliability, privacy/security, and customer service) are significant predictors of e-satisfaction and e-loyalty among young adults in Malaysia. Reliability had the highest impact, while website design had the lowest impact on both e-satisfaction and e-loyalty. It may be conjectured that firms need to deliver their services accurately and promptly, as promised to customers, to treat customers' data with the utmost confidentiality, to provide excellent customer service, and to offer user-friendly and attractive web interfaces in order to increase satisfaction and loyalty among customers.


This work relates the areas of steganography, network protocols and security for practical data hiding in communication networks employing TCP/IP. Two approaches are proposed based on packet header manipulation and packet ordering within the IPSec framework. For the former the Internet protocol IPv4 header is analyzed to identify covert channels by exploiting redundancy and multiple interpretations of protocol strategies; by passing supplementary information through IPv4 headers we demonstrate how security mechanisms can be enhanced in routers, firewalls, and for services such as authentication, audit and logging without considerable additions to software or hardware. For the latter approach, we show the use of packet sorting for steganographic embedding with IPSec can allow for enhanced network security.


To provide theoretical basis and practical methods for identifying herba violae with different species,the fingerprints were scanned by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),analyzed by using BP-ANN to classify and discriminate 42 herba violae samples.The results showed that the method can effectively identify the different origin of herba violae,recognition accuracy can reach 92.86%.This model is realiable and practicable.


Objective: To construct an eukaryotic vector of Peroxiredoxin 1(PRDX 1) and detect its expression and localization in Hela cells.Methods: The total RNA was extracted from the liver tissues of BALB/c mice,and the corresponding coding sequences of mouse PRDX 1 were amplified by RT-PCR,then they were cloned into the pcDNA3-myc vector to construct a new recombinant plasmid pcDNA3-PRDX 1-myc.The recombinant plasmid was verified by PCR,double digested by restriction endonuclease,and followed by sequencing.Subsequently,the correct construct was transfected into Hela cells with liposome transfection reagent Polyfect.The expression and localization of the fusion protein were detected by Western blot and fluorescence microscope.Results: The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3-PRDX 1-myc was correctly constructed.After transfection the recombinant plamid into Hela cells,the fusion protein was detected in Hela cells by Western blot and the fusion protein was founded in whole cells as shown by fluorescence microscopy.Conclusion: The eukaryotic expression vector for Prdx 1-myc fusion protein has been successfully constructed and effectively expressed in mammalian cells,and it can serve as an important tool for the further study of the correlated biological functions of PRDX 1 in eukaryotic cells.


"Begin with practices."' The importance of beginning with practices is a theme that runs through much of Hubert Dreyfus's work on Heidegger, cognitive science, and artificial intelligence . Beginning with practices can help us to see how phenomena as diverse as consciousness, intentionality, rule-following, knowledge, and representation presuppose skills, habits, and customs, and so cannot be made fully explicit. Drawing on Heidegger, Merleau-Ponty, Bourdieu, Foucault, and Wittgenstein, he has argued that these phenomena involve a practical dimension that cannot be formally analyzed, and consequently cannot be used as autonomous points of departure in our attempts to understand ourselves and our world. The principal aim of this paper is to critically examine Dreyfus's notion of a practice and his arguments for the primacy of practice . Why should we begin with practices, and how does this lead to the conclusion that it is impossible to give a formal analysis of our practical abilities? Stephen Turner's The Social Theory of Practices, a recent critique of the turn toward practices, provides a helpful point of departure . The book begins with two exemplary quotations, the first from Wittgenstein's On Certainty, the second by Dreyfus:


. — In this paper we study families of linear series of dimension r and degree d on curves of genus g with negative Brill-Noether number


The present invention discloses a mobile cellular communication system, comprising: at least one mobile repeater upgrade, each comprising at least two base station function and at least one mobile station and the relay function with the resource manager, wherein from the each base station function of the upgraded version of said at least two mobile relay base station functionality is operable via at least one mobile station antenna for communication, to define a first radio link therebetween, and wherein each the base station has a function to relay resource manager connection with which the ground, wherein said each mobile station functions upgraded mobile relay communication via a base station antenna unit having a function, respectively, thereby defining at least one second radio links, wherein each of the individual mobile repeater relay resource manager comprises a radio resource manager; and a resource manager for the relay function information exchange, which comprises in addition to individual mobile relay other than a mobile repeater.


Objective  To understand barriers to tuberculosis (TB) care among migrant TB patients in Shanghai after the introduction of the TB‐free treatment policy which has applied to migrants since 2003, and to provide policy recommendations to improve TB control in migrant populations in big cities.


Web service composition enables businesses to compile value-added services from elementary ones to build new complex services. Usually, Web service composition is needed when a client request cannot be fulfilled by one elementary service. In this paper, we propose a client data flow-tailored composition. The client request is defined by the sequences of data flow the client can provide and the sequences of data flow the client claims. Then, according to the client request, by defining the set of the available services, we aim at combining the services with the client request so that this later is satisfied.


Both low budget and large amounts of contarninated areas, especiaIly in Eastem Germany, forced a change in german environmentaI policy. Controlling and monitoring replace the redevelopment of each suspected area. More complex contaminations however have shown that the available methods of controlling and monitoring are not adequate to minimize the risks for man and environment. EspeciaIly areas below seaIed surf aces (buildings, dumps), which can not be reached by vertical drillings, can not be monitored sufficiently. Therefore the aim of AROBIS¹ (Altlasten-Roboter-und-In[ormationssystem) was to invent a robot-technology being able to move in pipes which were laid by horizontaI directionaI drilling rigs. The robot is able to take air-, water- and soil samples by opening the pipe.


Abstract : Cockpit retention and parachute suspension flight clothing which can distribute high acceleration forces over large areas of the body was studied to reduce injuries occurring in present day high performance aircraft. It was found that a flexible, inelastic nylon-netting garmet could be utilized in distributing acceleration loads over the body torso. By crossing the fibers of a material over each other and biasing them at 45 degrees to the external load, a Chinese finger grip containment action can be developed. This containment action (axial compression load) is applied when acceleration forces are applied to the cockpit seat or the risers. Several restraint garmets were constructed for evaluation. Hip and shoulder restraint straps were integrated into the netting pattern for attachment to the risers and cockpit seat. The final garmet had a cover and liner for additional comfort and ease of donning and doffing. (Author)


A challenging task facing the designers for the next generation of archival storage system is to provide storage capacities several orders of magnitude larger than existing systems while maintaining current data access times. To meet this challenge, a CMOS optoelectronic database filter suitable for large capacity relational database systems that use page-oriented optical storage devices has been developed. Based on a smart-pixel strategy, the filter performs optical-to-electrical data conversion, processes database query operations and only passes the data matching a query to the host computer. The photonic VLSI chip monolithically integrates a smart-pixel array that incorporates page-oriented optical reading, data manipulation logic, data buffering, and filter control circuitry for interfacing the filter chip with an electronic host computer. The database filter can offset the bandwidth mismatch without loss of valid data or significant delay in data access. A software simulator is developed to simulate the behavior of the database filter. The implementation and performance analysis of a 32 x 32-bit database filter fabricated through a 0.35-micron CMOS process is reported.


Colorectal cancer is a life-threatening disease. This study evaluates whether sour coconut (Butia capitata) prevents the appearance of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in the colon of rats, induced with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH). The test subjects were divided into four treatment groups: I - Control; II - aqueous extract of sour coconut pulp; III - DMH and IV - Aqueous extract of sour coconut pulp + DMH. The colons of the subjects were submitted to ACF count, analysis of gene expression and histopathological. The count of ACF differed in the proximal portion of the colon between animals treated III and IV, with a lower count in Treatment IV (p <0.05). The interleukin-1 (IL-1) gene (p <0.05) was less expressed in Treatment IV. In the histopalogic analysis of the colons in Treatment IV, less dilation was observed at the base of the crypts and the lumen was moderately dilated. The sour coconut acted in preventing the appearance of ACF, probably due to its high composition in bioactive compounds, such as phenolic compounds, polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E. The anti-inflammatory capacity reduces the expression of the IL-1 gene and preserves the histo-architecture of the colon.


Abstract : The Navy is developing a numerical solution that uses the Chimera RANS/free-surface technique to address the critical features of transient flow around a berthing ship. Experimental data required to validate the ship berthing model were collected during scale model tests conducted at a shallow water model basin. The test setup included a towing carriage traveling on rail guides used to power a scale model barge toward the modeled quay wall. The test matrix included three different values of water depth, approach speed, and approach angle. Acoustic doppler velocity meters were used to measure water particle velocity. The scale model barge was found to draw a significant volume of water behind, and push a measurable volume before, as it approached the quay wall.