This paper empirically investigates the financial characteristics that differentiate firms that go private from firms that remain publicly quoted. Using the multiple discriminant analysis, the study finds that operating profit margin, return on equity, cash per share, controlling shareholding, and free float are the significant predictors of the likelihood of a firm going private.


This research examines the hypothesis of manager overconfident on financing decision. According to previous research, the manager of higher growth firms tends to have overconfidence to use higher financial leverage on their financing decision, that causes the declining of its performance in the future. The empirical results of this research show that higher growth tends to have higher financial leverage and reduced performance in the future. Nevertheless, higher financial leverage on higher growth is not implied overconfident behavior. Instead, higher financial leverage is a rational decision on financing higher growth firms. This research also gives a different evidence of the firms' financing behavior in Indonesia. This evidence shows that employing higher financial leverage to proof the hypothesis of manager overconfident is appropriately used on firms which have weak growth.


In order to seek methods of reducing the coolant resistance of radiators in mini-vehicle, the resistance distribution in minicar radiators was obtained by carrying out numerical simulation to coolant flow field of the radiators. The analysis indicated that the coolant resistance mainly composed of two parts: the resistance along radiating pipes, the inlet and outlet resistance of the water tank. Reducing the surface roughness of coolant pipes could lower the resistance along pipes. Slowing down the changes of the inlet and outlet section could reduce the local resistance.


Plastic packaging provides a barrier to insects and micro-organisms from getting access to food besides maintaining the internal temperature. In order to see the effect of different packing materials and food substrates on efficacy of phosphine fumigation against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Trogoderma granarium (Everts) (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), an experiment was conducted at the Entomological Laboratory of the University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia university of Bahawalpur. Insects were reared on natural diet at optimum conditions of 30±2 oC and 65±5 % relative humidity. Three packing materials i.e. polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylchloride and four food substrates were used i.e. wheat flour, rice flour, corn flour and oat flour for T. castaneum while wheat, rice, mung bean and black gram for T. granarium. The effect of different packing materials on percent mortality of T. castaneum and T. granarium was significant at 24 and 48 hours after the treatment while the effect of food substrates on percent mortality was significant at 24 hours for T. castaneum and 48 hours for T. granarium . The maximum percent mortalities of 83% and 98% were recorded in T. castaneum at 24 and 48 hours in all the food substrates packed in polyethylene and polypropylene. Similarly, the maximum percent mortalities of 55% and 88% were recorded in T. granarium at 24 and 48 hours in all the food substrates packed in polyethylene and polypropylene.  It was concluded that polyethylene and polypropylene are the most suitable packing materials for various food substrates in order to control T. castaneum and T. granarium .


Processing a floor having a pattern of rings belonging to processing or storage timber or the like of the technical field, and more particularly, to a process having a ring pattern of the floor. The present invention addresses the problems described above, to make up for deficiencies of the prior art, to provide a high utilization of wood, compression effect, easy to crack the ring pattern having a floor machining process. Process of the present invention: Step: Select ring pattern plate, the second step: making the pattern plate, the third step: making the sapwood, the fourth step: made of solid wood, or parquet flooring.


Objective To survey the distribution of aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme genes, β-lactamase genes and the outer membrane protein OprD2 gene produced by multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.aeruginosa) isolated in our hospital during the period from 2003 to 2005. And to investigate the mechanism of integron-mediated multi-drug resistance in these strains.Methods The antibiotic susceptibility of 14 different antibiotics of P.aeruginosa was tested by K-B method, and 14 multi-drug resistant strains were screened; aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme genes, β-lactamase genes and the outer membrane protein OprD2 gene were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR); the integrase gene located in the 5′ conserved segment and the qacE△1-sulI gene located in the 3′ conserved segment of integrons were also detected by PCR, and the classification of integrons was performed by analyzing the positive PCR products by using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), the variable region of integrons was amplified and sequenced.Results Resistant rates of 14 strains of P.aeruginas against 14 kinds of antibiotic (piperacillin et al) ranged from 14.3% to 100.0%; the detection rate of 6 aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme genes, including ant(2")-Ⅰ, aac(3)-Ⅱ, aac(6')-Ⅱ, aac(6')-Ⅰ, ant(3")-Ⅰ and aac(3)-Ⅰ was 78.6%, 57.1%, 57.1%, 7.1%, 14.3% and 0.0% respectively;the detection rate of β-lactamase gene TEM and IMP was 92.9% and 42.9% respectively, and none of the 14 strains possessed genes of VIM, OXA, PER, GES and SHV, 1 isolate of PA lost the outer membrane protein oprD2 gene, the detection rate of integrase genes and qacE△1-sulI genes was 85.7% and 78.6% respectively. Three different fragments (1.0 kb, 1.3 kb and 1.7 kb) of the variable region of integron were amplified, they were aadA2, aadA6-orfD and dfrⅫ-orfF-aadA2 identified by sequencing, among which, aadA2 gene cassette was first detected in integrons in P.aeruginas, and aadA6-orfD was a novel cassette array, the Genbank numbers of the two DNA sequence were DQ091178 and DQ091179 respectively.Conclusions Resistance to β-lactam compounds in P.aeruginas of our hospital is related to TEM and IMP genes, and resistance to aminoglycosides is related to aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme genes, ant(2")-Ⅰ, aac(3)-Ⅱ and aac(6')-Ⅱ. Integrons contribute to the resistance and multi-drug resistance in P.aeruginosa.


Standing electron acoustic waves EAWs are observed in a pure ion plasma. EAWs are slow nonlinear plasma waves; at small amplitude their phase velocities vph 1.4v̄ for small k D and their frequencies are in agreement with theory. At moderate amplitude, EAW-type plasma waves can be excited over a broad range of frequencies. This frequency variability comes from the plasma adjusting its velocity distribution so as to make the plasma mode resonant with the drive frequency. Wave-coherent laser-induced fluorescence shows the intimate nature of the wave-particle interaction, and how the particle distribution function is modified by the wave driver until the plasma mode is resonant with the driver. © 2009 American Institute of Physics. DOI: 10.1063/1.3099646


Although 70 – 80 % of children with childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) can be cured by poly-chemo-therapy, the prognosis of patients with Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph + ) ALL remains poor. Therefore, new relapse prevention strategies are needed for patients with Ph + ALL during remission. We have shown previously, that vaccination of mice with leukemia cell lines modified to express costimulatory molecules and cytokines induce a systemic immunity against the syngeneic BCR-ABL p185 expressing cell line BM185. However, the difficulties to culture and transfect human leukemia cells limit the clinical application of leukemia cell based vaccines. Thus, we evaluated the pre-immunization of mice with DNA based vaccines subsequently challenged by the cell line BM185. Ballistic transfer of minimalistic immunogenically defined gene expression (MIDGE) vectors encoding a BCR-ABL p185 fusion specific peptide or GM-CSF were used for in vivo transfection of murine skin. In addition, we used double stem-loop immunomodulators (dSLIM), containing three CpG-motifs as non-specific immune adjuvant. We provide survival data that shows specific immunization and protection of mice which received the complete vaccine BCR-ABL/GM-CSF/dSLIM. Mean tumor-free survival (p=0.019) and overall survival (p=0.008) were significantly longer compared to non-vaccinated mice and 26.7% survived and never developed leukemia. In contrast, tumor-free and overall survival of mice immunized with either dSLIM or GM-CSF alone or both dSLIM and GM-CSF was not significantly longer compared to non-vaccinated mice. Similarly, substitution of BCR-ABL by irrelevant TEL-AML1 sequences abolished the vaccine efficacy of the BCR-ABL/GM-CSF/dSLIM vaccine. The biometrical data were confirmed by CTL assays which showed that specific lysis was significantly higher after vaccination with BCR-ABL/GM-CSF/dSLIM compared to GM-CSF/dSLIM (p p185 fusion specific sequences, GM-CSF and dSLIM can protect mice against a lethal Ph + ALL challenge.


The equality of eigenvalue of departure matrix,judgement matrix and measure matrix,and the relation of their eigenvector are introduced.It clearly show which element really affect consistency of judgment matrix through comparing departure matrix of measure matrix with that of judgement matrix.


In dermatology and cosmetology, ultraviolet (UV) images can reflect deep facial problems better than RGB images, but its reliance on UV imaging devices limits its clinical application and widespread popularity. This paper proposes a UV facial image generation method without using any UV imaging UV equipment. Specifically, many RGB-UV facial skin image pairs are collected and a dataset is then built. The dataset includes high-resolution RGB-UV image pairs of different positions on the face of people in different age groups. By using the dataset, a generative adversarial network-based method for facial skin image translation is proposed, which achieves better results in RGB-UV image conversion than some compared image-to-image translation methods.


Theological libraries in the Caribbean have suffered from invisibility, so this study aims to bring these libraries to the fore. It presents key features of the libraries and seeks to determine if these are influenced by the libraries' denominational affiliation, geographic location, and size. Geographically speaking, the target area was twenty-nine Caribbean territories. Data was gathered using a questionnaire containing mainly open-ended questions in English and Spanish, which was mostly administered face-to-face. The general results are offered first: the number of libraries found, their geographic location—whether in the English, Spanish and Dutch-speaking Caribbean—their denominations, and their size. These results are followed by a more detailed presentation focusing on classification schemes, subject headings, automation, and staffing at the supervisory level. The findings are then analyzed by denomination, location, and size. The article ends with a discussion of the results, comparing theological libraries in the Caribbean with theological libraries in the United States, Asia, and Europe. The study concludes that denomination and location have not affected the findings; but size has to some extent. Also, in some areas, Caribbean theological libraries resemble those in North America, while in others they resemble those in Asia and Europe.


During the EASOE campaign ground-based FTIR measurements have been performed in March 1992 at Ny-Alesund (Spitsbergen, 79°N, 12°E) to derive column amounts of several trace gases. For the first part of the measurement campaign Ny-Alesund was situated inside the polar vortex.

The obtained concentrations of N2O, CH4 and HF inside the vortex are consistent with subsidence. The ratio of HClstrat/HF varied from about 2.0 inside to about 2.8 outside the vortex. Inside the vortex low values for NO2 and high values for HNO3 were found. The O3 concentrations inside the vortex are slightly lower than what was observed outside the vortex.


For most of developing countries, rural modernization being a part of economic development encompasses a particular institution arrangement. It is argued that the states in developing societies generally play a key role in social and economic development. Particularly, in Asian societies such as Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan, the states as developmental have played a central role in the change of economic structure and thus become a main research site attractive to researchers and practitioners in comparative political economy and development studies since 1970s. However, the role and function of civil societies involving their state development and modernization processes are essentially disregarded. Actually, public and private sectors in some Asian societies have formed a specific partnership that has underpinned success of rural modernization during the past decades. This paper employs inclusive governance approach to deal with a distinctive collaborative pattern between the government and non-government organizations (NGOs) in rural modernization process experienced by Taiwan since 1950s.


In order to solve the analysis and design of controlling differential stepless speed variator complex problems,put forward a kind of computational method of differential gear,and variator combination assembly design method.Given the controlling differential stepless speed variator's detailed design process,In addition,according to the parameters and draw the assembly,supplying the theory foundation and method for the same type transmission design.


The article substantiates the need to use Internet monitoring as a priority source of information in countering extremism. Various approaches to understanding the defi nition of the category of «operational search», «law enforcement» monitoring of the Internet are analysed, the theoretical development of the implementation of this category in the science of operational search is investigated. The goals and subjects of law enforcement monitoring are identifi ed. The main attention is paid
to the legal basis for the use of Internet monitoring in the detection and investigation of extremist crimes. In the course of the study hermeneutic, formal-logical, logical-legal and comparative-legal methods were employed, which were used both individually and collectively in the analysis of legal norms, achievements of science and practice, and development of proposals to refi ne the conduct of operational-search measures on the Internet when solving extremist crimes. The author's defi nition of «operational-search monitoring» of the Internet is provided. Proposals have been made to improve the activities of police units when conducting monitoring of the Internet in the context of the search for relevant information to the disclosure and investigation of crimes of that category.


Abstract Police departments across the United States are now integrating new visual monitoring technology (e.g. unmanned aerial vehicles [UAVs or 'drones'], body cameras) into routine police practices. Despite their potential use in multiple areas of proactive and reactive policing, public attitudes toward police use of UAVs, and visual monitoring technology overall, is mixed. As an extension of previous research, the current study uses a national survey to assess how well individuals' perceptions about police legitimacy, effectiveness, and other criminal justice attitudes predict the level of public receptivity and opposition toward police UAV use in various contexts. The implications of these findings for public policy and law enforcement practices are discussed.


A solution is presented for the evolution of hadron bubbles which nucleate in the quark sea if there is a first-order quark-hadron phase transition at a temperature {ital T}{sub {ital c}} on the order of 100 MeV. We make three assumptions: (1) the dominant mechanism for transport of latent heat is radiative, e.g., neutrinos; (2) the distance between nucleation sites is greater than the neutrino mean free path; and (3) the effects of hydrodynamic flow can be neglected. Bubbles nucleate with a characteristic radius 1 fm/{Delta}, where {Delta} is a dimensionless parameter for the undercooling (we take {Delta}{ge}10{sup {minus}4}, so that the expansion of the Universe can be neglected). We argue that bubbles grow stably and remain spherical until the radius becomes as large as the neutrino mean free path, {ital l}{congruent}10 cm. The growth then becomes diffusion limited and the bubbles become unstable to formation of dendrites, or fingerlike structures, because latent heat can diffuse away more easily from long fingers than from spheres. We study the nonlinear evolution of structure with a geometrical model'' and argue that the hadron bubbles ultimately look like stringy seaweed. The percolation of seaweed-shaped bubbles can leave behind regions of quark phase thatmore » are quite small. In fact, one might expect the typical scale to be {ital L}{sub {ital Q}}={ital l}{congruent}10 cm. Protons can easily diffuse out of such small regions (and neutrons back in). Thus, these instabilities can lead to important modifications of inhomogeneous nucleosynthesis, which requires {ital L}{sub {ital Q}}{approx gt}1 m.« less


Abstract : The paper is intended to explore major problem areas in the implementation of a professional, all-volunteer army from the standpoint of the maintenance environment. Several brief conclusions are presented of the benefits to the Department of the Army should a modern, professional maintenance force be successfully created. Examination of basic psychological and managerial philosophy reveals how the organizational structure of the Army and motivational factors are sources of a great many problems the Army is encountering in personnel satisfaction, performance, and retention.


Background: The present study focuses on the evaluation of the protective effect on retinal neovascularization exerted by melanocortin receptor 1–5 (MCR 1–5) agonists in a mouse model of proliferative retinopathy induced by intravitreal injection of vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF165). Methods: Intravitreal injections of the MCR1 agonist BMS-470539 and of the MCR5 agonist PG-901 were performed 7 days before the VEGF165 injection and 1 day after VEGF165 injection. Fluorescein angiography (FAG), immunohistochemical and biochemical analysis were performed at different time points during the follow up. Results: FAG showed a marked vascular tortuosity accompanied by retinal neovascularization in mice receiving VEGF165 intravitreal injection and the absence of neovascularization in mice treated with MCR 1–5 agonists, confirmed by CD34 antigen immunostaining. The biochemical analysis of retinal VEGFR2 gene and protein expression showed that MCR 1–5 agonists significantly reduced VEGFR2 levels, increasing in parallel retinal mir-150 expression. Conclusions: According to these evidences, we propose that intravitreal injections of melanocortin receptor agonists up-regulate mir-150 expression, and this consequently reduces VEGFR2 expression levels with the endpoint being the blockade of VEGF165 induced retinopathy.


Abstract We studied the architecture of the C60 cluster to drive its atomic positions which can be seen at room temperature. We then used the obtained carbon positions as a basis set for the fcc structure to construct the fcc-C60 compound. Self consistent calculations were performed based on the density functional theory (DFT) utilizing the accurate WIEN2K code to solve the single-particle Kohen-Sham equation within the augmented plane waves plus local orbital (APW+lo) method. The cohesive energy has been found to be 1.537 eV for the fcc-C60. The calculated small cohesive energy that results from the weak Van der Waals-London interactions among a C60 cluster with its nearest neighbors is in good agreement with experiment. The electron densities of states (DOSs) were calculated for a C60 macromolecule as well as the fcc-C60 compound and the results were compared with each other. The band gap from DOS calculations has been found to be 0.7 eV. Band structures were also calculated within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). The band structure calculation results in 1.04 eV for the direct band gap. Two kinds of σ and π bonds were determined in the band structure. Our results are in good agreement with experiment and pseudopotential calculations.


In vacuum interrupters, metal bellows permit the motion of the moving contact with up to long contact strokes while maintaining the ultra‐high vacuum seal. In contrast to most other bellows applications, the opening and closing operation of the vacuum interrupter lead to high‐impulsive motions which additionally excite bellows oscillations. Future requirements of higher switching speeds and operations demand for a simulation‐driven optimization of the metal bellows to increase the mechanical lifetime of the vacuum interrupter.


The invention relates to the technical field of permanent magnet alternating current servo motors, and especially relates to a rotor structure of a servo motor. The rotor structure of the servo motor comprises a rotation shaft and a plurality of magnetic ring units. The plurality of magnetic ring units sleeve the outer side of the rotation shaft respectively with an axial rotation angle so as to form a magnetic ring of the rotor structure. According to the invention, the rotor structure of the invention uses the segmented magnetic ring, so that the defect that the machining process length of a single magnetic ring is limited is overcome, and the long-type motor can be conveniently designed; in addition, the heteropolar square sintered Nd-Fe-B magnetic ring is adopted, the reject ratio in the assembling process is lowered, and a chute effect is achieved by specific rotation angles in the assembling process.


Recently, mobile devices and wireless networks are more common for supporting human activities providing mobility and flexibility. Mobile devices inside a wireless environment contribute to make easily accessible and available the information. However, wireless environment is susceptible to vulnerabilities due to information which is propagated through the air and thus exposed to interception or theft. Mobile devices present some physical limitations such as little capacity of processing, memory and battery duration. These limitations are critical in wireless environment when non identified threats attack mobile devices. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) specialized to mobile devices are necessary in order to identify intrusive behavior taking into account their physical limitations. In this paper, we propose an IDS for wireless networks and mobile devices. This proposal is an extension of Intrusion Detection System-Network Intrusion Detection System based on Intelligent Agents (IDS-NIDIA).


The reference service Digital reference services in particular,the meaning of analysis,analysis of the number of agricultural institutions of the characteristics of reference service,and agricultural institutions digital reference services to the merits of comparison,in order to reference the number of agricultural institutions advisory services to make some useful exploration.


Two hundred and forty-eight Wulong geese of fast-growth lines were se lected to be respectively fattened in netting bed, then divided into eight group s with three replications in each group. The diets were conducted different cont ents of Ca and P, in order to determine the best level to the early growth of Wu long goose. The result suggested that, during the early period, the proportion o f Ca and P had significant influence to its growth(P 0.05), the body weight gai ns (BWG) was higher, feed/gain F/G) and alkaline phosphatase(AKP) activity at fo ur weeks were lower when the dietary level of calcium was 0.65% and phosphorus w as 0.30%, so did the eviscerated ratio and eviscerated weight with giblet ratio. The Wulong goose could grow well when the proportion between 1.88:1 and 2.50:1, and 1.38:1 was the worst proportion.


Few debates crystalize the differences between civil libertarians and conservatives as do genetics. Conservatives, quick to seize upon the similarities between genetic data and other types of medical information, see a wealth of economic, medical, and scientific possibilities. They argue genetic science can, and probably will, transform many of today's current dilemmas, whether through medical breakthroughs or a more productive food supply. Civil libertarians, wary of the predictive potential of this infant science, sense the danger of technological advance and point to a range of potential abuses. For example, government and business could use this new information to create a society of the genetically gifted and poor, a brave new world where status is determined by birth. Yet, history teaches that scientific achievement, however bold, rarely meets contemporary fears or expectations. Alexander Graham Bell, for example, did not ostensibly envision the Internet when tinkering with a device to help the hearing impaired. The only constant, apparently, is the unforeseen. How can we address what cannot be accurately envisioned? An overly restrictive approach to genetics could hinder cures for many human frailties. A reckless pursuit of healing, knowledge, and economic gain, however, could pose as many risks. Therefore, caution is the best approach. Should the federal government, as the only national entity able to comprehensively address the issue, take any additional actions, and if so, what should it do? This commentary proposes basic principles upon which federal legislation should govern the use, dissemination, and storage of genetic information. Section I of the commentary addresses genetics and its potential through a scientific and historical perspective. Section II analyzes the legal system's


Significant advancements in wireless communications have been made recently thanks to developments in AI technology, which will help create more autonomous systems. This development gradually establishes adequate communication in managing moving vehicles with respect to the emergency services' data centers. High-speed, low-latency, and improved connection will lead to pre-hospital care in the ambulance with the rollout of 5G networks. In this paper, we employ AI techniques to anticipate uplink throughput in order to derive the Predictive QoS (PQoS). After identifying the best prediction model, we generated the nodal points along the ambulance route where the information may be uploaded with confidence. We discovered that SINR, CQI, and geographic data produce a superior model for uplink throughput prediction and later for the development of nodal locations to enhance communication with the available network.


We report on beam-foil time-of-flight measurements of forbidden transitions in H-like and He-like Nb and Ag. The lifetimes of the 2 [sup 1][ital S][sub 0] state of He-like Nb, the 2[ital s][sub 1/2] state of H-like Ag, and the 2 [sup 3][ital P][sub 2] state of He-like Ag have been measured with precisions ranging from 1.7% to 10%. These are the highest-[ital Z] ions for which these lifetimes have been measured.


vi 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 2.0 METHODS 3 2.1 Study Areas 3 2.2 Field Techniques 5 3.0 RESULTS 6 4.0 DISCUSSION 13 5.0 LITERATURE CITED 15


This poster is one of two complementary posters. The Next Generation Safeguards Initiative (NGSI) of the U.S. DOE has initiated a multi-lab/university collaboration to quantify the plutonium (Pu) mass in, and detect the diversion of pins from, spent nuclear fuel assemblies with non-destructive assay (NDA). This research effort has the goal of quantifying the capability of 14 NDA techniques as well as training a future generation of safeguards practitioners. By November of 2010, we will be 1.5 years into the first phase (2.5 years) of work. This first phase involves primarily Monte Carlo modelling while the second phase (also 2.5 years) will focus on experimental work. The goal of phase one is to quantify the detection capability of the various techniques for the benefit of safeguard technology developers, regulators, and policy makers as well as to determine what integrated techniques merit experimental work, We are considering a wide range of possible technologies since our research horizon is longer term than the focus of most regulator bodies. The capability of all of the NDA techniques will be determined for a library of 64 17 x 17 PWR assemblies [burnups (15, 30, 45, 60 GWd/tU), initial enrichments (2, 3, 4, 5%) andmore » cooling times (1, 5, 20, 80 years)]. The burnup and cooling time were simulated with each fuel pin being comprised of four radial regions. In this paper an overview of the purpose will be given as well as a technical update on the following 6 neutron techniques: {sup 252}Cf Interrogation with Prompt Neutron Detection, Delayed Neutrons, Differential Die-Away, Differential Die-Away Self-Interrogation, Passive Neutron Albedo Reactivity, Self-Integration Neutron Resonance Densitometry. The technical update will quantify the anticipated performance of each technique for the 64 assemblies of the spent fuel library.« less


The utility model brings forward article stereo imaging photographing equipment. An equipment main support 1 presents to be arc-shaped. One end of the equipment main support 1 is fixed on an equipment bottom support 3. An angle adjusting device is arranged along the arc-shaped part of the equipment main support 1. The arc-shaped part of the equipment main support 1 is provided with N cameras which are installed on the angle adjusting device. A bottom support extension part 4 is arranged at one side of the equipment bottom support 3 and parallel or roughly parallel with the equipment bottom support 3. One end of the bottom support extension part 4 is connected with the equipment bottom support 3. The bottom support extension part 4 and the equipment main support 1 are arranged at the same side of the equipment bottom support 3. The other end of the bottom support extension part 4 is provided with a rotating stand 11. A photographing article is placed on the upper part of the rotating stand 11. N is greater than or equal to 1.


The most well-known measurements of internal consistency of the Guttman scale are reproduction, the chance-reproduction, & Green's index of consistency ("A Method of Scalogram Analysis using Summary Statistics," Psychometrics, 1956, 21, 79 -- 88). J. Loevinger ("The Technique of Homogeneous Tests Compared with some Aspects of 'Scale Analysis' and Factor Analysis," Psychological Bulletin 1948, 45, 507-530) has developed some homogeneous coefficients. It is curious that Greens' index of consistency is more well-known than Loevinger's coefficients, but that could be because Greens' measurements are closer to the original Guttman idea. Green & Loevinger's measurements are basically the same, but differ on the counting of the errors. The probability of the model & the weakening of the demands lead to the question concerning now much more advantageous the cumulative idea in the model is than the common Likert scale. 1 Figure. D. Ridgway.


It has been proposed that the activation of mechanically sensitive muscle afferents (muscle mechanoreflex) is important for exercise‐induced increases in regional cerebral blood flow. To examine this possibility, and to assess how regional cerebral blood flow is influenced by activation of metabolically sensitive muscle afferents (muscle metaboreflex) and central signals arising from higher centers (central command), 12 subjects performed voluntary (Vol Ex) and electrically stimulated (Stim Ex) rhythmic calf exercise at 35% of maximum voluntary contraction, followed by post exercise muscle ischemia (PEMI). Anterior cerebral artery blood velocity (ACAVmean), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and end‐tidal PCO2 were measured throughout. Exercise induced increases in MAP were similar during Vol Ex (Δ6±2 mmHg) and Stim Ex (Δ7±2 mmHg; P>0.05). ACAVmean was increased from rest during Vol Ex (Δ15±1%; P<0.05), but remained unchanged during Stim Ex (P>0.05). MAP remained elevated during PEMI following both Vol Ex and Stim Ex (P<0.05 vs. rest), while ACAVmean was not different from rest (P>0.05). End‐tidal PCO2 was unchanged from rest throughout. These data suggest that selective activation of skeletal muscle afferents (i.e. Stim Ex or PEMI) does not increase ACAVmean, and that increases in ACAVmean during volitional contraction of an exercising calf muscle are dependent upon the presence of central command.


Using meteorological and hydrological observed data from 1988 to 2010 from Platform A of Chengbei Oilfield in Bohai Bay,the climate statistics of sea fog w as analyzed and the occurring mechanism w as discussed. The results show that due to the dual influence of flow from sea and land,the fog days have distinct marine characteristic in spring,summer and autumn,w hile have continental feature in w inter. 59. 2% fog events happened over w armer sea surface. Among them,advection evaporation fog days w ere more than advection cooling fog days,w hich w as related to the meteorological hydrological features of Bohai Bay. The most suitable w ind speed for sea fog formation w as 2 ~ 3 grade w ind,and second w as 4 ~ 5 grade w ind. When the sea surface temperature w ere higher than that of air,more than 88% fog samples satisfied the condition of advection evaporation fog formation due to the significantly increased humidity by evaporation. But,it still has sea surface evaporation in advection cooling fog w hich indicated the difference betw een the continental surface and oceanic surface. The evaporation in the samples of advection cooling fog show ed the difference betw een the underlying surface of continental and oceanic.


Data protection of removable storage devices is an important issue in information security. Unfortunately, most existing data protection mechanisms are aimed at protecting computer platform which is not suitable for ultra-low-power devices. To protect the flash disk appropriately and efficiently, we propose a trust based USB flash disk, named UTrustDisk. The data protection technologies in UTrustDisk include data authentication protocol, data confidentiality protection and data leakage prevention. Usually, the data integrity protection scheme is the bottleneck in the whole system and we accelerate it by WH universal hash function and speculative caching. The speculative caching will cache the potential hot chunks for reducing the memory bandwidth pollution. We adopt the symmetric encryption algorithm to protect data confidentiality. Before mounting the UTrustDisk, we will run a trusted virtual domain based lightweight virtual machine for preventing information leakage. Besides, we prove formally that UTrustDisk can prevent sensitive data from leaking out. Experimental results show that our scheme's average writing throughput is 44.8% higher than that of NH scheme, and 316% higher than that of SHA-1 scheme. And the success rate of speculative caching mechanism is up to 94.5% since the access pattern is usually sequential.


Patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) often have renal disease as well. To determine how well patients with renal disease are represented in CVD


To evaluate the efficacy of MoodGYM Internet-delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in the treatment of anxiety and depression among nurses. Methods A total of 180 nurses with anxiety or depression were randomly divided into three groups,60 in each group,and 2 months of intervention with MoodGYM and health education (once a week,30-45 minutes each time) in MoodGYM group and health education group, respectively. Another group was as a control group. Before and after intervention, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21),Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) and Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) were used to evaluate psychological status. Results Compared with pre-intervention, the scores of anxiety in DASS-21 ((16. 76±7. 61) vs (9. 67±5. 78),t=21. 339,P<0. 01) and depression in DASS-21 ((13. 86±7. 60) vs (10. 91±7. 12),t=16. 716,P<0. 01) decreased,meanwhile job satisfaction in MSQ((65. 11±11. 12) vs (67. 97±11. 10),t= -16. 400,P<0. 01) and subjective well-being in SHS((17. 67±4. 59) vs (21. 83± 3. 53),t = - 20. 221,P< 0. 01) increased in post-intervention in the MoodGYM group. The scores of anxiety((15. 81±8. 24) vs (12. 45±7. 68),t= 17. 566,P<0. 01) and depression ((12. 44±8. 23) vs (12. 09±7. 95),t = 3. 934,P<0. 01) decreased, meanwhile job satisfaction ((67. 37±9. 76) vs (68. 91±9. 67),t= -4. 474,P<0. 01) and subjective well-being((17. 93±3. 80) vs (19. 85±3. 96),t=-14. 897,P<0. 01) increased in post-intervention in the health education group. After intervention, the effect of improving anxiety, depression, job satisfaction and subjective well-being in the MoodGYM group was more obvious than that in the health education group(P< 0. 01). Conclusion - MoodGYM intervention can relieve anxiety and depression of nurses,improve their job satisfaction and subjective well-being.


ABSTRACT In this study we describe the expression pattern of theLeuconostoc paramesenteroides citMCDEFGRP operon in response to the addition of citrate to the growth medium. An 8.8-kb polycistronic transcript, which includes the citMCDEFGRPgenes, was identified; its synthesis was dramatically induced upon addition of citrate to the growth medium. We also found that expression of the cit operon is subjected to posttranscriptional regulation, since processing sites included in four complex secondary structures (I, II, III, and IV) were identified by Northern blot analysis and mapped by primer extension. Upstream of thecitMCDEFGRP operon a divergent open reading frame, whose expression was also increased by citrate, was identified by DNA sequencing and designated citI. The start and end sites of transcription of the cit operon and citI gene were mapped. The start sites are separated by a stretch of 188 bp with a very high A+T content of 77% and are preceded by transcriptional promoters. The end sites of the transcripts are located next to the 3′ end of two secondary structures characteristic of ρ-independent transcriptional terminators. The effect of the citI gene on expression of the cit operon was studied inEscherichia coli. The presence of the citI gene in cis and in trans resulted in increased activity of the cit promoter. These data provide the first evidence that citrate fermentation in Leuconostoc is regulated at the transcriptional level by a transcriptional activator rather than by a repressor.


Sun Yat-sen was the founder of the New China Movement. He dedicated himself to struggling for building a real republic of nationalism and democracy named "Zhuanghua"according to the current trend of the world and the situation of China. In economic growth and social progress,he hoped that industry would be developed,and the people's livelihood would be contented both by following European and American way of life and going beyond their limits. In culture,he hoped for attaching importance to morality,pursuing civilization and progress,encouraging harmony and mutual assistance,cherishing peace,and basing the country on knowledge. For reinvigorating China through peaceful development,Sun Yat-sen's thought of building the New China is the precious treasure of intelligence.


Recent experiments on the hydrodynamic properties of liquid helium II, performed in the Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratorium (Leiden), are discussed on the basis of the twofluid model. Staas and Taconis measured temperature and pressure gradients occurring in a narrow circular capillary in the presence of a heat current. They discovered a turbulent phenomenon, very analogous to ordinary classical turbulence. The attenuation of second sound was studied by Wiarda and the present author in its dependence on a simultaneous continuous heat current. The method employed proves to be very suitable for a study of the so-called mutual friction and of phenomena occurring in the critical velocity region. (auth)


We calculate the position distribution of an ensemble of cold thermal atoms in the vicinity of a dielectric surface. We find that the profile of the position distribution exhibits spatial oscillations resulting from the quantum nature of the atomic center-of-mass motion and the interference between the incident and reflected matter waves. When the temperature of the atoms is in the nanokelvin range, the position distribution density becomes negligible in a broad spatial region due to the combined action of the classical acceleration of the atoms, the interference between the incident and reflected waves, and the quantum reflection of the atoms from the slope of the surface-induced potential.


Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kabupaten Kepulauan Selayar, 2015. Thesis. The influence of information technology and information systems Against the effectiveness of the Office of the Ministry of population and the civil registration Districts Selayar Islands (guided by a. Simpursiah, Supervisor I and Indrayani Nur, Supervisor II).This research was carried out in November 2015 until December 2015 in the Selayar Islands Regency, Office of population and civil registration Districts Selayar Islands engaged in the public service. The system of Government of the Ministry is directly related to the community in mensosialisaskikan and get information about the population of the various review need for facilities and technology system as a source of information. The purpose of this research is to know the influence of information technology and information systems against the effectiveness of the service of the Office of the Department of population and civil registration Districts Selayar Islands.The research method used is descriptive method with multiple regression analysis. The results showed that the influence of information technology and information systems against the effectiveness of the service of the Office of the Department of civil registration and the Kependudkan Islands Regency Selayar where test-t and UjiF showed the value of the influence of F-value > F-tabel (5.100 > 4.750).


With China's rise, there are multiple pessimistic critics on China's influence in Asia and even around the world. Even with the apparent decline of the U.S. influence in the region and of the global leadership, Japan needs to respond efficiently and quickly on what it should do before China could dominate not only the region but of the world order. Though Japan is still considered an economic giant in Asia, China is even stronger than Japan, both militarily and economically. How would Japan respond to China's expansion of influence? This thesis is intended to analyze the ongoing relationship between China and Japan as the arena seems to shift a transitional order from the Western-led international order as infrastructure investment has become an essential factor. This thesis seeks to clarify the interaction between the two indigenous Asian great powers as they invest in infrastructure development in Southeast Asia. Therefore, with the transition of the international order from the Western-led liberal international order to a more balanced international order, is the relationship between China and Japan leading to a different approach with a new stage of a 'balanced' competition and cooperation to secure the peace and stability of the international society?


THE AUTHOR WAS INVOLVED IN SEVERAL TYPES OF TRAFFIC AND REVENUE STUDIES OVER THE YEARS. HE HAS DEVELOPED SEVERAL HYPOTHESES ON TRAFFIC DISTRIBUTION AND GENERATION. TWO SPECIFIC HYPOTHESES WERE SET FORTH IN 1945: ONE ON TRAFFIC DISTRIBUTION AND THE OTHER ON TRAFFIC GENERATION. THE TRAFFIC DISTRIBUTION HYPOTHESIS, EXPRESSED MATHEMATICALLY, STATED THAT EQUAL NUMERICAL DIFFERENCES IN IMPEDANCE COSTS BETWEEN A SELECTED AND ANY EXISTING ALTERNATE ROUTE ARE ASSOCIATED WITH EQUAL PERCENTAGE DIFFERENCES IN THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION AND IN THE QUALITY RATINGS OF THE EXISTING ROUTES. THE TRAFFIC GENERATION HYPOTHESIS, EXPRESSED MATHEMATICALLY, STATED THAT THE DIFFERENCE IN TRIPS BETWEEN ANY PAIR OF ZONES (ONE A RESIDENCE AND THE OTHER A NON-RESIDENCE ZONE) AND A STANDARD PAIR OF CORRESPONDING ZONES, ARE: (1) PROPORTIONAL TO THE DIFFERENCES IN THE AUTO REGISTRATION IN THE TWO RESIDENCE ZONES, (2) PROPORTIONAL TO THE DIFFERENCES IN THE INDEXES OF ATTRACTION IN THE NON-RESIDENCE OR PURPOSE ZONES, AND (3) INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL TO A FUNCTION OF THE DIFFERENCES IN IMPEDANCE COSTS BETWEEN THE GIVEN PAIR OF RESIDENCE AND NON-RESIDENCE ZONES AND THE CORRESPONDING STANDARD ZONES. THESE FORMULAS ARE PRESENTED AND MR. G.P.ST. CLAIR PUT THESE TWO HYPOTHESES AND THEIR CORRESPONDING SERIES OF EQUATIONS THROUGH THOROUGH AND RIGOROUS MATHEMATICAL TESTS. HE SUGGESTED AN ALTERNATE HYPOTHESIS IN CONNECTION WITH THE AUTHOR'S TRAFFIC DISTRIBUTION HYPOTHESIS THAT MIGHT BRIEFLY BE STATED THAT: ALL ALTERNATE ROUTES HAVE EQUAL IMPEDANCE COSTS. IN ADDITION, HE DERIVED FROM THE AUTHOR'S EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS, BY THE METHOD OF CALCULUS, EXPONENTIAL-TYPE-SKEWED FUNCTION AND NORMAL-TYPE-SKEWED FUNCTION. THEY APPEAR TO BE REALISTIC REFLECTIONS OF BOTH TRAFFIC GENERATION AND THE TYPES OF LINKAGES THAT APPEAR TO EXIST BETWEEN HOMES AND SITES OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY. THESE FUNCTIONS WOULD YIELD MEASURES FOR A NUMBER OF HIGHLY INTERESTING CHARACTERISTICS OF TRIP LINKAGES BETWEEN SITES OF CONCENTRATED ECONOMIC ACTIVITY AND SURROUNDING RESIDENCE AREAS. THEY WOULD REVEAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN INCREASING TRAVEL IMPEDANCE COSTS AND DECREASING RENTALS IN RESIDENTIAL AREAS LOCATED AT VARIOUS TRAVEL IMPEDANCE COSTS FROM CONCENTRATED ECONOMIC AREAS, LIKE CBD'S. THE SO-CALLED GRAVITY FORMULA WHICH STATES THAT TRIPS VARY INVERSELY AS SOME POWER OF DISTANCE OR TIME, DOES NOT APPEAR TO BE THE MATHEMATICAL FUNCTION BEST SUITED TO EXPRESS THE INVERSE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TRIPS AND IMPEDANCE COSTS. SERIOUS CONSIDERATION SHOULD BE GIVEN TO ASSEMBLE ORIGIN-DESTINATION DATA ON SITES AND AREAS OF ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES IN URBAN AREAS.


In the last few years, in-depth reforms introducing corporate management practices in the public sector have been implemented in Portugal. This process is particularly evident in the health area, where, since 2002, several hospitals included in the general government sector have been transformed into public corporations (EPE Hospitals) and afterwards into public enterprises. 1 As in other countries, this reform raised the issue of evaluating the effects of different management and financing practices on hospitals' efficiency. This study aims to carry out this analysis for the Portuguese case, focusing on the first set of hospitals transformed into corporations. Accordingly, a comparison is made between the performances, before and after the reform, of the EPE hospitals and a control group composed of hospitals which are still within general government (SPA hospitals). Data for 64 public hospitals was collected for the period ranging from 2001 to 2005 (not including specialized hospitals such as psychiatric, university or maternity hospitals). The analysis is always carried out in relative terms through a comparison with a control group, assessing technical efficiency of the production units, i.e. the ability to produce the maximum level of outputs given a certain level of inputs or alternatively to use the minimum level of input to produce a given level of output. The study of efficiency is based upon a non-parametric method known as Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Throughout this paper this methodology is used in its multiple variations. The results should be interpreted with some caution, in particular due to the limitations of the database. Nonetheless, most of the approaches conclude that EPE hospitals, starting from a worse relative position, achieved relatively higher efficiency gains (significant in statistical terms) vis-à-vis SPA hospitals.


The number of fatalities in road traffic accidents and the number of fatal accidents are important indicators of the traffic safety situation. The monthly values are, however, difficult to interpre ...


Abstract This paper describes the development and use of a problem-solving and decision-making game to be played by social workers. It discusses the place of the simulation game within social work education and explores the nature of problem-solving and decision-making within social work. The playing of the game confirmed that social workers appear, at times, ill equipped for what is an inherently complex activity. It provided evidence that social workers knowledge of and skills in problem-solving and decision-making were inadequate in the context of a highly complex game situation. The validity of this evidence outside the context of the game is questioned. Whether participants found the game useful depended on the particular meaning the game had for them. A substantial minority of participants were unable to accept the artificiality of the game.


The spalling behavior of oxide scale of high-speed steel roll was analyzed.The results indicate that the spalling behavior of oxide scale is the result of the inner and outer stress together,during rolling,the oxide scale cracks under the growth stress and thermal stress,at the same time the oxide scale also mainly undergoes alternative shearing stress in the rolling zone,the oxide scale spalls,then the reason of strip(V-type)spalling is also analyzed.


The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonisation on the alleviation of transplantation shock in young grapevines was investigated. One-year-old grapevines (Sauvignon blanc on Richter 99), colonised with Glomus etunicatum (Becker and Gerdemann), were cultivated in an atmosphere-controlled tunnel. Water relations, leaf photosynthetic parameters and growth characters were evaluated. AM colonisation enhanced the photosynthetic performance of host plants, but had no influence on biomass and mineral nutrition of the transplanted hosts. The increased photosynthetic rates of the AM plants were related to improved water relations. Stomata] conductance, transpiration rate and midday xylem water potential were higher in the AM hosts during the transplanted period.  These results indicate that AM inoculation can influence the water relations of transplanted grapevine rootstocks, thereby improving photosynthetic performance and potential survival during the initial growth stages of the  host plants.


A hydrodynamic model of free-boundary vacuum arc plasma jet flow through a curved magnetic field has been developed. The plasma flow was modeled by sourceless steady-state equations, and the free boundary of the plasma was determined as a part of the solution of the gas-dynamic equations. It was found that the maximum plasma density shifts with respect to the centerline. The shift is maximum at the 90/spl deg/ guide exit plane and for the case of low magnetic field. The maximum increase in longitudinal plasma velocity along the duct was shown to be a factor of three. The plasma distribution within the duct was analyzed experimentally using a deposition probe technique. The plasma jet expansion predicted by the model was compared with the experiment and a good qualitative agreement was found.


The motion of a rigid dumbbell settling under gravity in a stationary two-dimensional cellular flow field is investigated. The dumbbell is modeled as two identical beads connected by a rigid rod. Assuming that the bead radius is much shorter than the bead to bead distance, a simple model is obtained to describe the dynamical behavior of the dumbbell in terms of evolution of the dumbbell orientation and the velocity of the center of mass. The average velocity of the dumbbell in the gravity direction was found to depend on the dumbbell length, the inertia parameter and the terminal settling velocity in still fluid. For certain conditions the dumbbell remains suspended in the flow field. In one of the suspension regimes the dumbbell remains indefinitely attached to a fixed point. This behavior is related to the existence to saddle nodes in the cellular flow field.


Abstract Peer assessment is an underutilized tool in mathematics classrooms. We examined how peer assessment could be used in a mathematics course to improve mathematical communication and mathematical proficiency. To describe in what ways peer reviews compared to teacher reviews, we analyzed ratings and feedback of 32 6th graders and their mathematics teacher. To determine what impact receiving peer versus teacher feedback had on students, we compared the revision quality and mathematical problem-solving abilities of students who received feedback from four peers to those who received feedback from their teacher. The findings indicated that middle school students can provide feedback just as helpful in improving mathematical communication and problem-solving ability as the teacher.


Objective:To get more knowledge that helps us to better understand the relationship between serum leptin levels and insulin concentrations, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG) in type 2 diabetes patients(DM). Methods:The serum leptin levels, insulin concentrations, BMI, FBG were measured in 50 patients with type 2 DM of which 25's BMI≥25(obese group), 25's BMI25(lean group), and 50 nondiabetic people of which 25's BMI≥25(obese group), 25's BMI25(lean group). Data of each person were compared with others and multiple linear regression was adopted to analyze relationships between these indices . Results: The serum leptin levels in obese groups of type 2 DM patients (11.98±3.8)μg/L and nondiabetic people (11.51±3.8)μg/L were higher than those in lean groups of type 2 DM (5.16±2.86)μg/L and nondiabetic people (4 48±2 3)μg/L (P0.001). For both nondiabetic people and type 2 DM patients , the insulin concentrations were higher in obese groups than those in lean groups (P0 01). The leptin levels in obese and lean groups were both positively correlated to BMI (r=0 77, r=0 72, P0 001) and insulin concentrations (r=0 72, r=0 75, P0 001), but not to FBG (r0 19, P0 2). Conclusion: Serum leptin levels are positively correlated with BMI, suggesting that obese patients with type 2 DM are resistant to leptin. The positive correlation between leptin levels and insulin concentrations suggests that there might be insulin resistance in patients with type 2 DM.


We use the generating function approach to enumerate two families of rooted planar near-triangulations (2-connected, and 2-connected with no multiple edges) with respect to the number of flippable edges. It is shown that their generating functions are algebraic. Simple explicit expressions are obtained for the expected number of flippable edges in a random near-triangulation. Asymptotic estimates are obtained for the first two moments, which are then used to show that the numbers of flippable edges in a random near-triangulation and strict near-triangulation are sharply concentrated around 5n/2 and 9n/4, respectively.


The research work has as objective to demonstrate how rural families of the parish Juan Bautista Aguirre can improve their living conditions through the creation of a box of savings and credit and thereby promote support to solidary economies in the sector and the strengthening of local popular finance.


Wheat continues to be one of the most cultivated cereals in the world. The research undertaken to find new genetic resources and new favourable alleles are a priority in wheat breeding programs. Increasing genetic diversity is necessary to cope with the social, natural and economic challenges. Rye (Secale cereale L.) represents an important genetic resource for wheat breeding. The short arm of the rye chromosome 1 (1RS) contains several genes inducing resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, increase yield and better adaptation to various environments. Therefore, identification of new tools for detection/selection of favourable alleles can help obtaining fast and reliable results. Molecular markers-SSRs are such convenient tools. In our study, conducted on 17 genotypes (rye cultivar - Harkovskaya; five Romanian wheat cultivars; four 1AL.1RS translocation genotypes, including "Amigo" derived from "Insave" rye, and seven 1BL.1RS translocation), we used SSR markers to detect the presence of 1RS translocation. We found that the SSR-TSM 106(~170bp) marker clearly distinguished the wheat-rye 1AL.1RS translocation, coming from "Insave" or related rye chromatin, from the wheat-rye 1BL.1RS translocation, coming from other rye sources. Therefore, SSR-TSM marker could be used in MAS (Marker-Assisted Selection) for 1AL.1RS translocation.


The ribbed composite steel plate shear wall with large opening is a new-style lateral resistance system,which is based on the study and application of the stiffened steel plate shear wall and the steel plate reinforced concrete shear wall.The mechanical behaviors of such steel plate shear walls are studied.By utilizing ANSYS software,the elastic and elasto-plastic analysis of the shear wall panels with steel frame and stiffened steel plate is carried out.The stiffness,bearing capacity and mechanical features of the shear wall panels with central opening,bottom opening and corner opening respectively are studied under different load levels.And the lateral load-displacement curves are obtained.Result shows that the type of the opening,the enclosing concrete and the stiffeners are main factors governing the mechanical behavior of this type of steel plate shear wall.The ribbed composite steel plate shear wall with large opening is employed in a building,and its application is illustrated through the FEM analysis.The key points of the shear wall design are summarized and some suggestions are proposed.


We have developed a lightweight low-cost attitude sensor, based on a Raspberry Pi, built with readily available commercial components. It can be used in experiments where weight and power are constrained, such as in high-altitude lightweight balloon flights. This attitude sensor will be used as a major building block in a closed-loop control system with driver motors to stabilize and point cameras and telescopes for astronomical observations from a balloon-borne payload.


The present invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition, consisting of 10-60% diffusa, Scutellaria barbata mixed powder of 18-50% and 15-40% of thorns made of diamond, may also be added patriniae 6-45% powder, floor powder weight to 25%, 25% and Prunella powder Lu seed flour 2-30%. The present invention is more effective in the treatment of respiratory and urinary systems Qin inflammatory disorders and cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, uterine cancer and other tumors is also effective. Compared with the prior art, the present invention features a significant effect, simple therapy, a short course of drug than conventional, general inflammation from the treatment initiation to cure only 5-15 days, 15-30 days cysts only patients with severe not more than 45 days, three months early cure, interim six-month improvement in some patients with cancer, heal within a year, also advanced the cure rate of 5-15%; non-toxic side effects; wide source of raw materials, low cost.


Since the late 1990s, provisional patent applications have provided a streamlined and valuable patent application process that has solved a number of perplexing and expensive challenges facing new and established inventors. The recent changes in patent law have addressed a number of issues regarding patent applications by making the requirements for a provisional patent application quite different than those of a "regular" patent application. Provisional patent applications need only describe the invention adequately so that someone, after reading the application, can make the invention without undue experimentation. Accordingly, the expense associated with drafting a provisional patent application is typically much less than that of drafting a non-provisional application. Clearly, by taking advantage of a provisional patent application, an inventor is free to assess the viability of his invention for a limited time, without jeopardizing one's ability to protect the invention throughout the world. Even so, additional steps must be taken to perfect an inventor's patent rights since a provisional patent application has only a one year life span, it is not critically examined by the patent office and merely acts as a place holder by reserving the inventor's filing date.


AIM:To screen out the optimum formulation of poly(D,L-lactide acid)(PLA) microspheres loading Ivermectin.METHOD:The effect of molecular weight of PLA,types of emulsifier and oil phase on the preparation of microspheres was studied.Solvent evaporation technique and solvent extraction-evaporation technique were compared,and the factor of temperature on the latter method was studied.The size of microspheres was taken as an experiment index.L 9 (3 4 ) orthogonal experimental design was used to optimize the composition and technique of microspheres.RESULT:The volume average size of microspheres is 7.962±0.18μm,drug loading is 16.8%±0.5% and the encapsulation efficiency is (82.4±1.7)%.CONCLUSION:The formulation screened out is reproducible.


While the horror of the Nazi medical experiments has been unanimously acknowledged, debate continues over whether results of those experiments which are scientifically sound should be used and cited in publications and, by extension, over whether any ethically-suspect research should be cited or published. The author consulted persons in such diverse disciplines as medical journalism, Holocaust studies, and ethics, and found a range of opinions, including proponents of no editorial policy, total exclusion of data from unethical research, selective inclusion, and inclusion with disclaimers. She proposes that scientists use Nazi data only where the scientific validity is clear and there is no alternative source of information, and only with acknowledgement of the incomprehensible horror that produced them.


Background Canine herpesvirus-1 (CHV-1) is recognized to be enzootic in the dog population with a widespread distribution. This pathogen leads to a lethal generalized illness in newborn puppies and is associated with reproductive disorders. CHV-1 should be considered as an important pathogen of neonatal death and infertility; so, it appears to pose a threat for breeding kennels. Although serologic data point to the circulation of CHV-1 among dogs of Iran, not definitive diagnosis has been conducted based on the molecular assay. So, this research was done to detect the prevalence of CHV-1 in dogs of Kerman. In this study, the presence of CHV-1 in vaginal specimens and biopsies of the uterus of dogs referring to the Veterinary Hospital of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman was determined. Samples were collected and evaluated using real-time PCR.Results Viral DNA was detected in 21 samples from a total of 140 (15%) collected samples which were related to 14 uterine samples (20%) and 7 (10%) vaginal specimens. The association of this virus with age, breed, housing, pregnancy and reproductive disorders was not significant.Conclusions This study is the first molecular detection of CHV-1 in reproductive samples of dogs in Iran. Considering the significant prevalence of this virus, it is necessary to carry out management measures in controlling and preventing this disease. Tracing CHV-1 requires further research on this virus in dogs of this region.


bone pain, central diabetes insipidus (CDI), Erdheim–Chester disease, non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis (non-LCH) IMAJ 2018; 20: 586–587 to 558 mOsm/kg after a subcutaneous desmopressin injection. A workup of anterior pituitary hormones was normal. Treatment with intranasal minirin 10 μg twice daily was started with a marked improvement in symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed in June 2008 disclosed a lack of a posterior pituitary bright spot and the diagnosis of CDI was made. In 2010, the patient began to complain of a lack of libido and a reduced number of morning erections. A new laboratory assessment was performed and he was found to have very low levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone. A gonadotropin-releasing hormone test confirmed secondary hypogonadism. C entral diabetes insipidus (CDI) is a rare hypothalamus-pituitary idiopathic autoimmune disease caused by a deficiency of arginine vasopressin (AVP) synthesis. Infrequently, infiltrative diseases such as Langerhans cell histiocytosis, immunoglobulin G4-related systemic syndrome, sarcoidosis, and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) are associated with development of CDI. Erdheim–Chester disease is a rare form of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis. This disorder involves the long bones mainly by forming osteosclerotic lesions containing histiocytes. However, multiple organs and tissues are frequently affected, which leads to potentially life-threatening complications. CDI is one of the hallmarks of central nervous system (CNS) involvement and can precede systemic disease by many years. We present a patient with slowly evolving Erdheim–Chester disease beginning with CNS manifestations, including CDI and central hypogonadism, 6 years before the development of multisystem disease.


ABSTRACT Numerous remains of the azhdarchid pterosaur Quetzalcoatlus sp., have been recovered over the last twenty years from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) rocks in Big Bend National Park in Trans-Pecos Texas. Among more than 200 bones found at one locality are four incomplete skulls and mandibles, which provide the most complete information about cranial structures in the Azhdarchidae. What is currently known indicates that the Azhdarchidae is the sister group of the Tapejaridae from Early Cretaceous deposits in northeastern Brazil.


PURPOSE: A method for preparing polyimide foam is provided, which is widely applicable to insulating materials, sound absorbing materials and cushion materials and has good heat-proof property and fire-retardancy. CONSTITUTION: The method comprises steps of: (i) preparing polyimide precursor by adding diatomic amine having a same equivalent of the aromatic carboxylic acid or the acid anhydride thereof or a mixture thereof, one catalyst selected from the group consisting of isoquinoline, quinoline, imidazole, 1-methylimidazole, 2-methylimidazole and 4-methylimidazole and foaming agent to aromatic ester solution prepared by reacting aromatic carboxylic acid or acid anhydride thereof with an excessive amount of alicyclic monohydric alcohol; (ii) after pre-heating the particulate polyimide precursor, heating the polyimide precursor by radiating the microwave to partly imidize the polyimide precursor; and (iii) post-hardening the product of the step (ii) at high temperature.


For Malaysia, 1979 was a year of stock-taking and soul-searching. As the Third Malaysia Plan (TMP) draws to its end in 1980, many questions reladng to performances at various levels of government and semigovernment services will have to be answered. Hence, it will not be surprising to see an escaladon of responsible actions by different government departments and agencies throughout 1979 in order to reach their respective targets. In the private sector, businesses of all sorts continued to develop robustly despite inflationary effects. The menace of unpredictable oil price rises was cushioned by sub stantial government payoffs, thus reducing the concentric effects of rising costs of living to an almost unnoticeable trend. Conflict situations in the Middle East and Indochina


This paper discusses experience and technical issues in teaching a virtual course in the IT area which integrates lecture, tutorial and laboratory material. The lectures are based on multimedia material consisting of Web documents complemented with audio material allowing students to attend virtual lectures online. An integrated Web-based tutorial and lab service provides a dynamic illustration of lecture material, allowing students to practice elements of the lecture material online and interactively. Support of exploratory learning is one of the objectives of the course system.


the individual subjectivity indeed. This suggests that if the subjectivity is, in a way or another, shaped by the external world; so too must our bodies. In fact, the body is the link to the outside world; here it becomes swiftly noticeable that subjectivity blends perfectly with objectivity. In this regard, the body cannot be outside the realms of ontology alongside epistemology. The cognitive process seems incomplete to construct who we are. Due to the fact that bodies cannot lose touch with the external realm, what is received by the human senses forms not only knowledge, but also being. If the very philosophical discourse, for a long time, lies at the heart of keeping the mind and the body in a mismatched state, a dimension of human person has been truly denied. It is the underestimation of the body by western metaphysics that provoked Maurice Merleau-Ponty, a 20th century French philosopher, to subvert all philosophical positions fraught with basic dichotomy between subject and object, Merleau Ponty refutes Cartesian dualism, which places the human body in the same ontological category as the 'objects' of the physical sciences, and identifies the subjectivity of the human with its consciousness. He dissects how embodiment is experienced by humans in a universal account assuming that the male body remains an asset of all types of embodiment. This paper juxtaposes Merleau Ponty and philosophy's deliberate Abstract: Throughout much of human history, the detachment of the mind from the body seems to be the conspicuous antagonism that permeates the Western philosophy. René Descarte's decisive premise « I think, therefore I am » usurped the body's role in rational thought, relegating it into a state where it has almost no relevance in philosophical discourse. As a result of this exclusion, women were seen as creatures of nature and emotion and therefore deterritorialized from the realm of the rational as their bodies are intrinsically associated with their identities which are much more likely to be marked by defectiveness. Because phenomenology is concerned with the lived experience of subjects, it serves as a major impetus for understanding subjective embodiment. In this vein, Maurice Merleau Ponty, a 20th century French philosopher, argues that the body is an essential agent in the world since it is the implied sine qua none for making any orientation when the subject perceives. In Phenomenology of Perception, Merleau Ponty dissects how embodiment is experienced by humans in a universal account assuming that the male body remains an asset of all types of embodiment. This paper juxtaposes Merleau Ponty and philosophy's deliberate omission of the female body. I claim that the superiority of the mind/reason over the body/emotion is used as a pretext to separate men and women. Drawing on Iris Marison Young's feminist phenomenology, I contend that Merleau Ponty's phenomenological account is so problematic since he merely reversed the binary while still maintaining the privileged status of the male subject. I call attention to the essential need to interrogate the sexual difference when addressing the issue of embodiment. Because bringing back the body to the philosophical interest seems to offer "an Archimedean point of stability" in a cultural condition where, according to Sarah Coakly, no "universal 'grand narrative'" is plausible anymore, I reflect on the essential account of the liberating potential of the female body drawing on my moral convictions.


Every work environment gives rise to social and work-related interactions between employees as well as employees and customers. These interactions create a socially interlinked work environment that affects the motivation and perceived satisfaction of employees and thereby performance. It also hosts a wealth of intrinsic business knowledge and potentially competitive advantage. In addition, recent advances in technology have enabled new means of interaction through instant messaging, blogs and sometimes open discussion forums. In 2006, IBM hosted the Innovation Jam — a moderated online discussion among IBM worldwide employees and external contributors — with the objective of identifying innovative and promising "Big Ideas". We describe the data from the Jam and investigate several analytical approaches to address the challenge of understanding "how innovation happens". Specifically, we examine whether it is possible to identify characteristics of such discussions and the implicit social network that are more likely to lead to innovative ideas. We demonstrate the social network structure of data and its time dependence, and discuss the findings of both supervised and unsupervised data analytics. 1


AbstractThe following paper describes the treatment of a fraktur adhered to the inside of a blanket chest lid. The fraktur was embrittled and disintegrating chiefly because of vermin, expansion and contraction with changes in temperature and humidity, and migration of acid from the chest lid to the adhered paper support. A method was devised whereby the fraktur was removed from the lid without damage to either object. This was achieved by applying a series of wet blotters weighted by plate glass to drive the moisture through the fraktur paper to swell the insoluble adhesive. The conservator explains in detail the repairing and preserving of the fraktur so that it could be exhibited with the chest as a separate work of art.


We report on an improved light scattering apparatus for quantitative studies of crystallization in colloidal suspensions. The experiment performs simultaneous measurements in the Bragg scattering regime and the small angle regime, thus it simultaneously probes crystal structure development and micro-structure evolution. We give a detailed account of its construction and demonstrate its performance with a study on a crystallizing colloidal hard sphere suspension. The signals in both angular regimes are recorded with high angular and temporal resolution and give to access to the structural evolution throughout the complete solidification process, including the interesting very early stages before the appearance of crystallites. The two signals show a strong temporal correlation throughout all stages. Our observations confirm and fruitfully complement the existing Hard Sphere crystallization scenario. In particular, we find indications of depletion zones which first grow, then overlap and vanish again.


Human infants acquire language with striking ease compared to adults, but the neural basis of their remarkable brain plasticity for language remains little understood. Applying a scaling analysis of neural oscillations for the first time to address this question, we show that newborns' electrophysiological activity exhibits increased long-range temporal correlations after stimulation with speech, particularly in the prenatally heard language, indicating the early emergence of brain specialization for the native language.


Irisin, also known as Fibronectin type III, is a hormone that is secreted by muscle cells and was first discovered in the muscles of a mouse in 2012. Irisin has a molecular weight of 23,231 KDa and belongs to the domain containing 5 (FNDC5) family. It has been shown to have some very beneficial effects in humans, such as thermoregulation and weight loss, and it is also secreted by the muscles of humans when they exercise or work out. The gene symbol for irisin is FNDC5, which represents the precursor of irisin. At the protein level, both FNDC5 and irisin have characteristics that are similar, but FNDC5 is not appropriate in some situations. It is released during physical activity and is linked to a variety of metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, lipid metabolism, heart disease, NAFLD, PCOS, and metabolic diseases of the bones. Irisin is not only responsible for the disorders, but it also has the potential to be used as a biomarker for specific diseases. Humans and mice have both shown that myokine irisin promotes the browning of white adipose tissues while simultaneously increasing thermogenesis and energy expenditures. Irisin therapy reduces body weight while also increasing brown fat-specific gene expression in the patient. Irisin increases the risk of type 2 diabetes and cancer. Irisin levels were found to be lower in obese people who had NAFLD.


Background: Both first and second phase insulin secretion (FPIS, SPIS, respectively) are important underlying factors for glucose metabolism. However, their responses to the treatment of diabetes have not been studied. This randomized, prospective study evaluated the change of FPIS and SPIS in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods: Twenty-seven drug naive T2DM patients were enrolled. They received both frequent sample intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGT) and a modified low-graded glucose infusion test (M-LDGGI) before and after a 24-week treatment randomly. The acute insulin response derived from FSIGT and the insulin-to-glucose slope during the M-LDGGI test were regarded as FPIS and SPIS, respectively. Subjects with the upper 50% SPIS were defined as responders and lower 50% were non-responders. Results: Insulin secretion, predominantly SPIS, improved significantly after treatment while the insulin sensitivity remained unchanged. Compared to the non-responders, responders were younger (46.9 ± 6.7, 56±9.6 years, p=0.003), had lower body mass index (25.0±3.2, 25.7±3.8 kg/m2, p=0.012), higher fasting plasma glucose (181±68,123±44 mg/dl, p=0.044), higher glycated hemoglobin (11.1±2.3, 8.1±1.5 %, p=0.004), and lower SPIS (0.006 v.s 0.082, p=0.0019) in the baseline. In multivariate regression model, the changes of SPIS before and after treatment (δ-SPIS) is negatively correlated to age, baseline SPIS and positively to serum triglyceride. Conclusions: In drug naive type 2 diabetes, SPIS could be better improved in subjects with younger age, lower baseline SPIS and higher triglycerides.


The Current State of Psychological Knowledge Production As Africana psychologist and educator, Asa Hilliard, so aptly noted, there is something wrong with a psychology and psychological analysis that leaves African descent people strangers to themselves, aliens to their culture, oblivious to their condition, and less than human to their oppressor (Hilliard, 1997). However, this is exactly the psychology that people acknowledging African descent people have inherited and the psychological analysis that has been provided over the past four centuries in the West. Over the past forty years African centered psychological knowledge has been produced which places people acknowledging African descent and their cultural worldviews and teachings at the center of human process as agents with sacred authority. Human beings and their socio-cultural bearings are inseparable and this remains true for those professionals engaged in psychological knowledge production focused on the human psyche and its development. African centered psychologists have been forthright and deliberate in identifying the cultural underpinnings of their research. Such open acknowledgement, though uncharacteristic of mainstream western psychology, increases the capacity for objectivity and the opportunity for deeper insight into the subject examined. On the other hand, avoidance of such acknowledgement on the part of mainstream psychology has not only lead to complicity, but has also contributed directly to the perpetuation of social injustice, particularly when it comes to people of African descent. Africana psychology has examined the influences of cultural and intellectual imperialism within the field of psychology and on the production of psychological knowledge. The cultural worldview currently prevailing has influenced the shift from psychology as a study of the soul to a psychology in service to particular dominant groups in societies. Psychology is problematized as a discipline whose knowledge production appears to narrowly serve the interest of the dominant group rather than the collective good within our society. For a clear example of this alignment with the dominant group, one can look at the instance of the mainstream psychology of South African psychology which has also been criticized for being complicit in the apartheid regime, contributing to and reinforcing its ideology of white supremacy. From the early 1980s on, debates about the relevance of psychology in South African society have abounded. Given its alignment with the oppressive apartheid regime, South Africa's mainstream psychology cannot effectively respond to the socio-political challenges and mental health concerns facing this post-apartheid state. Mainstream western psychology may prove helpful for examining some of the distress created by the social context, but its incapacity to meet the mental health needs of people acknowledging African descent cannot be denied nor ignored. Africana psychology can provide improved psychological understandings from a perspective that is comprehensive enough to provide accurate insight making important contributions toward filling a major gap and ameliorating the absence of a relevant psychology. The experience of the vast majority of African people in the Americas, particularly during the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries, is unique in human history by virtue of the nature of the brutal, inhumane socio-political economic system of chattel slavery practiced and sanctioned by the prevailing "moral" codes of conduct and legal system of persons of European descent in the United States. Never before had the level and extent of such dehumanizing practices of physical violence and brutality disallowed access to normal family bonds, denied practice of indigenous language, religious rites and rituals, and engulfed the humanity of a people, their minds and culture with a subordinating color caste system which continues to reign for over three hundred years. …


The urban environment is defined as the interaction between the city's morphological characteristics and its physical behaviour based on human interpretation. Contemporary psychology emphasizes the relation between perception and action and confirms that perception can be enhanced by the receptor's motion. Basing this study on these principles, it is assumed that virtual reality techniques bring both immersion and interaction to static computer generated images and they can be used to study sunlight effects as well as daylight ambience. This paper shows the methodology of 'sunlight effects' analysis of both real and virtual worlds and builds a framework for a comparison.


In china,with the development of medic technology and the improvement of the peoples right consciousness,the cases of the right inforned consent have been increased gradully at present.From this report,the authority that includes the origin and intonation of informed consent,hospital obligation,standand,exclusive informed consent and tort is explained systematically to build harmonious hospital-patient relationship.


Sample LT1078 Op-Amps in five flight biases, including unpowered backup redundancy, underwent ELDRS hardness assurance testing. Application-unique electrical parameters were PSPICE modeled against dose predictions vs. available shielding.


In certain cases analytical derivation of physicsbased models of robots is difficult or even impossible. A potential workaround is the approximation of robot models fromsensor data-streams employing machine learning approaches.In this paper, the inverse dynamics models are learned byemploying a learning algorithm, introduced in [1], which isbased on reservoir computing in conjunction with self-organizedlearning and Bayesian inference. The algorithm is evaluatedand compared to other state of the art algorithms in termsof generalization ability, convergence and adaptability usingfive datasets gathered from four robots in order to investigateits pros and cons. Results show that the proposed algorithmcan adapt in real-time changes of the inverse dynamics modelsignificantly better than the other state of the art algorithms. (Less)


This study investigates three models of content-based instruction in teaching concepts and terms of natural sciences in order to increase the efficiency of teaching these kinds of concepts in realization and to prove that the content-based instruction is a teaching strategy that helps students understand concepts of natural sciences. Content-based education is considered effective not only in acquiring the skills of language, but also grasping and mastering the content knowledge of academic subjects that are required for students' achievements in learning the terms related to natural sciences. In analysis of three models of content-based instruction, the Adjunct Model was explained and mentioned to be quite reliable for the teaching content of any subject along with foreign language methods and techniques. It has been proved to be convenient for both content and language teaching through pedagogical experiment. Participants were undergraduate students from the Engineering and Natural Sciences Faculty of a university at intermediate level. The achievement test was applied to 48 students who were English and Turkish speaking students as foreign languages. Two working groups as experimental and control were formed by language teachers. The collected data was analyzed. The results, mentioned in experiment part, and conclusion show that concepts or terms of natural sciences could be taught efficiently through content-based teaching in schools and universities.


The problem of subgraph optimization for multicast connections with network coding can be solved using the sub-gradient method. In this paper, we focus on the problem of min-energy multicast in both static and dynamic multi-hop wireless networks. We take this optimization problem and construct different candidate algorithms for solving it in a distributed manner. Our simulations show that the subgradient method is robust to network changes, and yields significant energy savings in multicasts as compared to cases where only routing is allowed. Moreover, the distributed method can be easily extended to lossy networks.


Behavioral models (BMOD) of AMS components are widely used in design verification, however a serious challenge in preparing the models is in ensuring feature accuracy, namely that the properties which are relevant in the context of the integrated circuit are accurately represented in the model. Models developed in VerilogAMS or SPICE are not amenable for formal feature analysis, consequently it is non-trivial to verify whether features are preserved under all executions of the models. We propose a methodology for automated synthesis of AMS BMODs from formal model skeletons of selected circuit families, after they are proven to be feature accurate using our formal feature analysis tool, ForFET. Therefore, the VerilogAMS BMODs synthesized by our approach are proven to be feature accurate by construction, as opposed to manually created Verilog-AMS models without such guarantees.


This essay argues that the simulation of emotion, which also results in multiple shifts of moral perspective, can generate insight into matters of value, and thereby also assist in making potential justificatory resources in legal reasoning. The essay examines two practices that both, though in different ways, enable the simulation of emotion and the multiple shifting of moral perspective: first, the practice of inventing and exchanging colores in the ancient Roman pedagogical practice of declamations; and second, the practice of using hypothetical narratives in common law reasoning. In the case of the declamations, emotion is simulated, and moral perspective is shifted, by an intensively interactive process of inventing, critiquing and improving upon possible and alternative motivations and intentions of characters in the declamatory themata. Similarly, in common law reasoning, emotion is simulated, and moral perspective shifted, by the construction of hypothetical narratives, offering alternative or counter-hypothetical narratives, amplifying existing ones, and distinguishing hypothetical narratives from the facts of the instant case. Ultimately, the essay argues that one of the most effective ways of reasoning about matters of value is through the affectively-laden multiple shifting of moral perspective.


The static and dynamic properties of the M490F type high speed electromagnet used in electronic-controlled fuel injection systems of diesel engines have been studied on a specially designed test bench. Some relations between property-structure and property-parameters have been analyzed and concluded.


The Falashas live in the northwestern part of the Ethiopian plateau and practice an ancient form of Judaism. In response to reports of epidemics, poor sanitary conditions, and a lack of health providers, world Jewish organizations have sent a physician to serve this widely dispersed minority population. Three dispensary clinics were established and provide free treatment. During 1962-63, 847 Falashas families and 948 non-Falashas families visited these centers. Major complaints included gastrointestinal problems (17.1%), musculoskeletal pain (15.6%), and upper respiratory tract infection (6.8%). As a result of religious restrictions and self-imposed isolation, syphilis and gonorrhea are absent among the Falashas. Since children are breast fed for at least 2 years without adequate supplementary feeding, protein-calorie deficiency is widespread. On the other hand, nutritional anemias are rare. Small outbreaks of typhoid fever occur during the rainy season and malaria and smallpox epidemics have been reported. 75% of stools examined were positive for parasites. Falasha women deliver at home with the assistance of a local midwife. Unexpected was the willingness of pregnant women to visit the maternal-child clinic for routine examinations in the last months of pregnancy.


Although there have been several reports about prevalence and clinical picture of depression in India, only few workers (Raju, et al, 1980 8 Gupta et al 1985) have compared two groups of neurotic and psychotic depression on sociodemographic and clinical variables. No worker has yet compared symptomatology of these two groups. Present study was undertaken to compare these two groups regarding various signs and symptoms on SADD schedule.


The electric strength characteristics of the hollow metal-ceramic brazed units of thermionic energy converters have been investigated. The insulators was polycrystalline aluminum oxide of length l=10-50 mm, and measurements were made at temperature T=450-750 degrees C and the caesium vapor pressure P/sub Cs/=10/sup -1/-10/sup 3/ Pa. The experimental dependences of the breakdown voltage of the brazed units on the temperature, the parameter P/sub Cs/*l, and the value of the surface electric resistance of the insulators are given as well as the empirical equations obtained from the experimental data for calculating the breakdown voltage. A mechanism explaining the influence of the ceramic insulator on the electric strength characteristics of the caesium gap has been investigated. A breakdown model that includes this influence is proposed.<<ETX>>


Methanogenic bacteria were isolated from landfill sites in the United Kingdom. Strains of Methanobacterium formicicum, Methanosarcina barkeri, several different immunotypes of Methanobacterium bryantii, and a coccoid methanogen distinct from the reference immunotypes were identified.


In this paper we discuss a probabilistic model of failure due to competing causes of failure operating on a unit during its lifetime. Following Cox we term this the Multi-Risk Model. We impose some well-known parametric forms on the underlying distributions of the model and obtain maximum likelihood estimates for the parameters of the distributions. The asymptotic variance-covariance matrix of the estimates is derived. We give examples using the exponential and Weibull distributions. The theory is applied to data published by Mendenhall and Hader, who studied a Single-Risk Model.


In order to meet the development needs of miniaturization of measuring instruments, this paper designs a Ka-band ultra-wideband microstrip filter based on PCB board. Firstly, the advantages and disadvantages of various filter forms are analyzed according to the PCB process conditions and project plan requirements. The quarter-wave two parrallel short-circuit stub is selected as the form of the microstrip filter. In order to make the simulation results closer to the actual situation, HFSS three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation software is used to simulate and optimize the designed filter and optimize the form of short-circuit grounding vias. Finally, through the processing and measure the designed filter has an insertion loss of less than 3dB when the operating frequency is 23GHz to 45GHz, and a suppression of more than 20dBc below 20GHz, which meets the design requirements.


Optical thickness determination of very thin layers is based on measuring the reflectance and evaluating with a fit algorithm. Any fit algorithm however needs initial values for the parameters that need not to be far away from the expected final parameter values. This causes serious problems in the case of samples with spatially distributed coatings. We successfully circumvented the problem by combining the thickness determination with a color evaluation. The color evaluation proved to be helpful to set the proper initial values for each measuring position.


Recent studies show that spell-checkers help reduce students' surface errors in writing by flagging spelling errors and giving correct spelling suggestions. This study investigates if the error correction provided by the spell-checker tool in word processors are internalized by students. A quasi-experimental two-group study was conducted on 30 Form 1 students in a school in Kuching, Sarawak.  The learners were given dictations which contained words listed as commonly misspelled words according to Oxford University Press (2012). The experimental group were given three dictations- one in which they used word processors and allowed to use the spell-checker tool and the control group was given two dictations, both handwritten. The data gathered were analysed using a software for statistical analysis. This study found that, while the spell-checker helped the learners revise their spelling on one dictation exercise, learners still made the same errors in their spelling after the use of spell-checkers. Therefore it argues that while spell-checkers help eliminate surface errors, they have very little influence on correcting the errors on the cognitive level. Keywords: Spell-checkers, word processors, error correction, dictation, spelling Cite as: Rimbar, H. (2017). The influence of spell-checkers on students' ability to generate repairs of spelling errors. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 2 (1), 1-12.  http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol2iss1pp1-12


Structure characterization of silicone-acrylate emulsion made in 500t/a pilot unit are carried out by particle size analyzer,IR,DSC,TGA and NMR etc.for process optimization. A super exterior coating of silicone-acrylate emulsion with excellent weather resistance(over 1500h) , atomize 0 level,off-colour 1 level and antifouling performance 2%,washing resistance 10000 times is obtained .Wide application of this coating for decorating external wall is forcasted.


This research work proposes an enhanced pair-wise directional geographic routing (EPWDGR) technique using the directional antenna and compares it with the conventional pair-wise directional geographic routing (PWDGR) method that uses the Omni-directional antenna. PWDGR has two key limitations - minimum network lifetime and its use of static nodes. The EPWDGR technique aims to overcome these pitfalls by incorporating a directional antenna patch that requires lesser power, thereby increasing the network lifetime. The validations have been performed through simulations that use a random waypoint mobility model which is more practical. Varying performance metrics have been used for the estimation of network lifetime. The EPWDGR also solves the energy bottleneck problem at the nodes near the sink


The problems involved in placing a value on the environment set out in the previous chapter are discussed. These include the timidity currently adopted in attempting valuation, the desirability of valuation and the methods developed. The author particularly takes issue with the use of multicriteria analysis (MCA) and sets out a number of arguments against it. Regulation and pricing are considered as methods of coping with environmental pollution. The use of behavioural and normative values are discussed. The reliability of some of the valuation methods described is questioned and a suggestion made for estimating willingness to pay based on recorded information of activities and estimates of what could have been willingly given up. For the covering abstract of the textbook see IRRD 854369.


This report describes the use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to determine the aerodynamic loads on the nose radome of the Jaguar aircraft. This data is used in the structural analysis and design of the radome using
composite materials . Inviscid transonic flow past the nose radome has been analyzed for the specified flight conditions . A single block C-O type grid is generated using JUMGRID code and the solutions of the three-dimensional Euler equations are obtained using JUEL3D code . For the transonic flow cases considered here the downstream conditions affect the upstream region,
and hence the extension of the computational domain downstream of the radome is required . The body is extended in a simple conical way and an approximate canopy is added at the top of the downstream end . It has been observed that there is a significant effect on the nose radome due to the downstream extension of the body, i .e. the extension of the computational domain, but no significant effects are observed due to the presence of canopy
whose distance is sufficient enough not to induce any disturbances at the nose region . The surface grid and pressure coefficient data have been used to get
the interpolated values of the ratio of static pressure, P, to the free-stream static pressure, P., at the grid points of the finite element grid on the surface as required for further structural analysis