We consider the problem of determining functions of an image of an object that are insensitive to illumination changes. We first show that for an object with Lambertian reflectance there are no discriminative functions that are invariant to illumination. This result leads as to adopt a probabilistic approach in which we analytically determine a probability distribution for the image gradient as a function of the surface's geometry and reflectance. Our distribution reveals that the direction of the image gradient is insensitive to changes in illumination direction. We verify this empirically by constructing a distribution for the image gradient from more than 20 million samples of gradients in a database of 1,280 images of 20 inanimate objects taken under varying lighting condition. Using this distribution we develop an illumination insensitive measure of image comparison and test it on the problem of face recognition.


An efficient technique for designing high‐performance logic circuits operating in sub‐threshold region is proposed. A simple gate‐level body biasing circuit is exploited to change dynamically the threshold voltage of transistors on the basis of the gate status. Such an auxiliary circuit prepares the logic gate for fast switching while maintaining energy efficiency.


A method of Sacrificial layer etching of micromechanical Surface Structures, in which a Sacrificial layer is deposited on a heatable Silicon Substrate and is structured. A temperature difference between the Substrate and the vapor phase of an etching medium is established in Such a way that exposed metal contacts made of aluminum alloys are not attacked at the same time and are not Subsequently exposed to any risk of corrosion.


The utility model relates to the technical field of liquid crystal displays and particularly discloses a liquid crystal display array base plate comprising a base plate, a first transparent common electrode layer formed on the base plate, a grid metal common electrode formed on the first transparent common electrode layer, an insulating layer formed on the grid metal common electrode, a through hole formed on the insulating layer and a second transparent common electrode layer formed on the insulating layer; the liquid crystal display array base plate is characterized in that one part of edge of the through hole in contact with the grid metal common electrode, and one part of the edge of the through hole is in contact with the first transparent common electrode layer. In the utility model, abnormal pixel display caused by layering disadvantages of the first transparent common electrode layer and the grid metal common electrode can be avoided, the display effect of the liquid crystal display is ensured, and the display quality is improved.


Warfare is an important and common subject in discussions on mercantilism. However, the idea of a mercantilist (type of) warfare rarely appears in the specialized literature. This article begins with a historiographical review of the uses of mercantilist warfare. It identifies mercantilist warfare has been used mostly as a name and not as a proper concept for social scientists. In the final section, I make the case for the usefulness of mercantilist warfare as a concept by providing an explicit definition and identifying four historical periods that highlight how mercantilist warfare changed over time: emergence (c.1500-c.1650), consolidation (c.1650-1815), hegemonic stability (1815-1871), and crisis (1871-1914).


In this era of globalization the very attitude toward the audiovisual translation (AVT) changes, subtitling has become a growingly popular method that aggravates the culturological problems of AVT of art films. The problem of rendering substandard vocabulary and obscene words remains one of the most acute problems of translation. This problem is considered by studying Eric Rochant's Mobius (2013, France) which is interesting not only because French actors speak Russian and Russian actors speak French, but also for high percentage of obscene words, whose pragmatic effect differs considerably in oral speech and in subtitles.


The DC and microwave performance of an InAs channel HEMT is reported. Room-temperature electron mobility as high as 20200 cm/sup 2//Vs is measured, with a high carrier concentration of 2.7/spl times/10/sup 12/ cm/sup -2/. DC extrinsic transconductance of 714 mS/mm is measured and a unity-current-gain cut-off frequency of 50 GHz is obtained for a 1.1-/spl mu/m gate length HEMT. The success of achieving superior Hall mobility and device performance is strongly dependent on the In/sub x/Al/sub 1-x/As buffer layer design that changes the lattice constant from lattice-matched In/sub 0.52/Al/sub 0.48/As to In/sub 0.75/Al/sub 0.25/As. The multiple In/sub 0.52/Al/sub 0.48/As/InAs monolayer superlattices buffer achieves the best performance as compared to the step-graded In/sub x/Al/sub 1-x/As and the uniform In/sub 0.76/Al/sub 0.25/As buffer.


On the basis of bi-continuous semigroups and n times integrated C-semigroups we introdue bi-continuous n times integrated C-semigroups for exponentially bounded case,and discuss their properties and a generation theorem.


Background and Purpose— We sought to better define the morbidity of endovascular Guglielmi detachable coil (GDC) treatment of unruptured cerebral aneurysms and to discuss its role in the prevention of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Methods— We conducted an observational study from August 1992 to June 1999 of 125 unruptured aneurysms treated with GDC in 116 patients: 91 women (78.4%) and 25 men (21.6%), aged 30 to 78 years (mean age, 50.6 years). Immediate and late clinical results were recorded for any neurological event or hemorrhage related to the treated unruptured aneurysm. Angiographic results are reported as immediate, early (2 to 12 months), intermediate (12 to 30 months), and late follow-up (>30 months). Results— Immediate angiographic results showed complete obliteration (class 1) in 59 (47.2%) or residual neck (class 2) in 53 aneurysms (42.4%), leaving 6 residual aneurysms (4.8%) and 7 failures (5.6%). Early follow-up angiograms, available in 100 treated aneurysms (84%), revealed class 1 in 52% and cl...


A blending surface is a surface that smoothly connects two given surfaces along two arbitrary curves, one on each surface. This is particularly useful in the modeling operations of filleting a sharp edge between joining surfaces or connecting disjoint surfaces. In this paper we derive a new surface formulation for representing surfaces which are blends of parametric surfaces. The formulation has the advantage over the traditional rational polynomial approach in that point and normal values have no gaps between the blending surface and the base surfaces. Shape control parameters that control the cross-sectional shape of the blending surface are also available. In addition, the base surfaces are not restricted to any particular type of surface representation as long as they are parametrically defined and have a well-defined and continuous normal vector at each point. The scheme is extensible to higher orders of geometric continuity, although we concentrate on G1.


Nowadays, the timely publication of the best works and research results with recommendations for solving the most current problems is the most used channel for disseminating findings with the purpose of integrating evidence into the health system. Scientific communication is crucial in the development of science and the flow of information about new knowledge that scientist achieves during his academic activities. Consequently, peer review is considered the most effective scientific communication model that biomedical journals use when deciding to publish articles. Systematic accumulation of the best new knowledge generated from the scientific environment and channeled into clinical nursing practice is the foundation of improving health care focused on individuals, families, and communities. The review is like an advocate for nursing science in generating innovative contributions to the professional community. Published, peer-reviewed information has the potential to become the basis of standardized action and continuous development in nursing. A quality review helps the author in scientific development, but also the reviewer in gathering the latest knowledge of as-yet-unpublished data from their area of interest. There is a clear global need for mentoring and education of young researchers and reviewers through formal forms of education to contribute to advancing the nursing science, relief of existing experts in collegial observation, and speed up the flow of scientific information.


The mix proportions should be prepared in such a way that the coarse aggregate participation in volume should be reduced and the fine aggregate in the powder form is to be increased. In present work, cement is a permanent agent, the replacement of cement by Silica Fume in percentages namely(0% 5%,10%and 15%) and Brick Kiln Dust (BKD) in percentages namely ( 0% 5%,10% and15%) with W/C ratio of 0.50 the study on fresh properties of LPC; Compressive strength and split tensile strength of LPC were made. it was found that the replacement of cement by15% silica fume (FA) and 10% Brick kiln Dust (BKD) gives maximum compressive strength and split tensile strength respectively Dumping of brick dust and other waste brick particles, flakes etc., not only occupy land but also create environmental problems. The problems could be reduced to a large extent by using these waste materials in cement concrete. The reasons for using brick dust include economical gain and beneficial modification of certain properties of fresh and hardened concrete elements. This study gives an overview of the physical and chemical properties of brick dust as a mineral admixture (BDMA), which is dumped as waste from brick and tile factories in Bangladesh. Various properties of brick dust have been studied. Experimental results indicate that brick dust could be used for partial replacement of cement in concrete. Concrete cubes prepared with 20% cement replaced by brick dust (BDMA) shows compressive strength comparable to concrete cubes prepared with Portland cement only. Concrete prepared with 20% cement replaced by BDMA also shows good resistance to chemical attack, specially the sulfate attack. They also show better pore refinement after long period. Chemical composition and lime reactivity strength of brick dusts have been found to be within the range given for good pozzolanic material. The pore refinement and relatively low heat of hydration in the presence of BDMA show that certain properties of concrete could be improved by using brick dust in combination with Portland cement.India is the second largest producer of clay fired bricks, accounting for more than 10 percent of global production. India is estimated to have more than 100,000 brick kilns, producing about 150-200 billion bricks annually, employing about 10 million workers and consuming about 25 million tons of coal annually. India's brick sector is characterized by traditional firing technologies; environmental pollution; reliance on manual labour and low mechanization rate; dominance of small-scale brick kilns with limited financial, technical and managerial capacity; dominance of single raw material.


Today mobile devices can interact with their environment, because of the introduction of wireless communication. Wireless networks have two properties that distinguishes itself from the wired networks: First, wireless communication is less reliable than their wired variants because they have a limited communication range. Second, wireless communication is more dynamic as communication partners enter and leave frequently the communication range of the wireless network. These two distinct properties make the development of mobile software difficult. The actor model is a programming model that allows development of concurrent distributed software in open distributed environments. Actor models fail to handle these two distinct properties of wireless networks well. In this paper we extend the operational semantics of the actor model to capture these two properties in the actor model. We do this by adding a single new concept to the model: the mailbox. This paper provides a foundation for new implementations of the actor language and frameworks that are usable in the context of wireless network environments.


Consumers of today can interact with technology to complete a variety of simple tasks using voice recognition, a new technology. Because of advancements in technology, voice recognition systems help identify people by their speech. It provides quick and extremely secure identification and authentication with a minimum of speech. Create a voice-based website authentication system that is user-friendly as part of this research to access websites. As part of the registration process, users' speech signals are initially gathered for this study. It is recommended that the Hybrid Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients and Bayesian Gaussian Mixture Model be used to train the speech authentication system (HMFCC-BGMM). In this instance, features from the voice are extracted using MFCC, and the system is trained using BGMM. According to the experimental findings, the proposed HMFCC-BGMM has a high accuracy of 94.5% and a lower error rate than previous models.


This review is provided as best effort for the benefit of the community. It is provided "as-is" with no warranty expressed or implied. All opinions are those of the author and should not be taken to reflect opinions of any other entity.


psychology. It now stands as one of the most pretentious efforts in-this field, supplying as it does over five hundred pages of well-planned material. The book follows the traditional order in the main, in that it emphasizes the steps in a sale and the importance of handling each step correctly. Basic psychology is thoroughly illustrated in each step by a plentiful supply of illustrations and anecdotes. Considerable ingenuity has been shown in getting away from trite chapter subjects. For example, insteadof such a topic as "Objections," we find a chapter entitled "Resistance-How to Meet It." The book includes a preliminary chapter on' products and channels which would be of some value, even short as it is, for students not trained in the principles of marketing; but for the teacher following a well-organized curriculum such a treatment is of doubtful value. Chapters on "Retail Selling," "House to House Selling" and "Salesman-s-Credit Man and Adjustor" apply general principles to particular sales situations. For courses devoting thirty or more class hours to the study of salesmanship this is a well-adapted book, and should be widely used under such conditions. But for those of us who by sad experience have found that time spent beyond a much shorter number of hours, perhaps ten or twelve, yields constantly decreasing returns, this book is perhaps too voluminous to serve one's purpose to the best advantage. This opinion should not be interpreted as a criticism, of the content of this particular book, but rather a query as to how much time may be profitably spent in telling students how to sell. H. H. MAYNARD Ohio State University


History has not been kind to the Constructivists. Unlike the other big hitters of the Modern art movement, they have almost become figures of fun in art history – the first artist geeks with their rulers and protractors, polishing their little Perspex maquettes and planning their rectangular utopias. One can still find artists who feel an affinity with Surrealism's uncovering of the irrational, designers who take inspiration from Cubism's fragmentation of space or radical intellectuals that find a precedent in the anarchic interventions of Dada. But it seems as though Constructivism has been unable to maintain its relevance to British artists since the end of the seventies, its enthusiasm for science and engineering superseded up by the rise of mass digital computing and telecommunications. In fact it feels as though Constructivism has become a victim of a kind of success story. Many of Constructivism's core values of collaborative working and research, of objective process as opposed to subjective meaning and deference to the machine as a source of artistic inspiration have now been absorbed into the assumptions of current new media art practices and funding strategies in the UK.


The invention discloses an anti-fracturing metal anchorage which comprises a connecting piece and a movable piece. The connecting piece is welded with a power generation boiler metal casing. The movable piece is movably connected with the connecting piece, and is poured in a refractory layer on the inner wall of the power generation boiler metal casing. The connecting piece comprises a substrate and vertical upsiding down edges arranged on two sides of the substrate and perpendicular to the substrate. The two vertical upsiding down edges are welded with the power generation boiler metal casing. A stripped hole is formed in the center of the substrate. The movable piece comprises a horizontal connecting rod. A minor diameter section is arranged at one end of the horizontal connecting rod. A symmetrical bump is arranged at the tail end of the minor diameter section. The minor diameter section is inserted in the stripped hole. The width of the symmetrical bump is larger than the aperture of the stripped hole. A symmetrical concave column is arranged at the other end of the horizontal connecting rod.


A set of triangle basis function which implies parameter λ was proposed.Its properties were analyzed and a triangle curve with a shape parameter was defined based on the basis.The curve not only has properties of T-Bezier curve,but also shape adjustability and better approximability.Finally,G2 connection conditions of two curves was discussed.


Computational biology is rapidly advancing thanks to the many new tools developed and published each month. A systematic benchmarking practice would help biomedical researchers leverage this technological expansion to optimize their projects. Several aspects of algorithm publication and distribution contribute to this challenge. We address these challenges and present seven principles to guide researchers in designing a benchmarking study. Our proposed steps show how benchmarking can create a framework for comparison of newly published algorithms.


Arbitration Law is a form of legal process that falls under the domain of Alternate Dispute Resolution. The process of arbitration is quite different from litigation, in terms of formalities, flexibility and speed of disposal. This research paper covers the Scope of Arbitration Law in India, the Recent Developments, and the pivotal case of Amazon v. Future Retail. With regards to the Scope of Arbitration, this paper covers subjects such as the definition of Arbitration, its characteristics; its advantages and disadvantages, such as quicker process despite high cost of hiring an arbitrator; its types, such as ad-hoc arbitration, domestic arbitration, international arbitration and international commercial arbitration. It also covers the laws that govern arbitration in India, with special reference to the Arbitration and Conciliation Act 1996. In terms of recent developments, this paper covers events such as the 2015 and 2019 amendments to the Arbitration and Conciliation Act 1996, which have played a crucial role in the arbitration sphere in India. This paper also delves into the concept of Emergency Arbitration and the inclusion of Emergency Arbitrator under the scope of Section 17(1) of the Act, 1996 as emphasized by the Supreme Court in the case of Amazon v. Future Retail.


olinearly ramping pitch to hold case was analyzed. Parametric studies were performed to gage sensitivity to various parameters (such as angle of attack at which separation occurs, leading edge separation factor, and number of vortices) to the flow field generated. The FDTC-LRWG Pitch-Ramp-Hold Canonical cases executed by others in the group are used for the purpose of refining the accuracy of the code and are also used in an effort to define the bounds of applicability of this lower order method. After some tuning, the method ultimately proves to be quite versatile and accurate within the constraints of low Reynolds number unsteady flow fields to which is applied here. Nomenclature


Traffic flow prediction is a key step to the efficient operation in the intelligent transportation systems. This paper proposes a hybrid method combing clustering methods and spatiotemporal correlation to predict future traffic trends based on artificial neural network. First, for the traffic flow collected from different loop detectors, a spatio-temporal correlation of data samples is evaluated by considering time correlation and spatial equivalent distance. Second, in order to improve classifying performance and reliability to anomalous data samples, a type-2 fuzzy c-means (FCM) is adopted to make fuzzification of the membership function. Then, a hybrid prediction model combined classification algorithm and neural network is designed to predict various patterns or trends in traffic flow data. Furthermore, the results from the prediction model are modified according to quantized spatio-temporal correlation. Finally, traffic volume data collected from the highway is used to optimize the parameter in the prediction model combination. Several traditional models are used as candidates in comparison, and the higher prediction accuracy demonstrates the effectiveness and feasibility of the hybrid prediction model.


To implement this structure, lateral diffusion of impurities from the doped polysilicon films to the silicon substrate is used. The fabrication steps are described in detail and the electrical characteristics of the device are summarized. It is shown experimentally that the drain-substrate capacitance is approximately a 0.7 times smaller than that for the conventional CMOS transistor. >


We have developed a flexible optical disk (FOD) system comprising a flexible disk and stabilizer, which can achieve a small axial runout of the disk through simplified stabilizer control. The approach adopts a new stabilizer system made up of triangularly arranged stabilizers (TASs), which consists of one main stabilizer (MS) that stabilizes the pickup focus area on the disk and two auxiliary stabilizers (ASs) that control the balancing conditions around the MS. We experimentally demonstrated that the TAS system could effectively stabilize a flexible disk even under conditions with no active stabilizer adjustments, such as axial position control and tilt control, which could not be eliminated in our previous single-stabilizer system. The suppressed axial runout without active adjustments was sufficiently small of less than 5 µm at linear velocities from 5.7 to 13.0 m/s up to double the speed of Blu-ray disk system. The results indicated that the FOD system with the TASs, which is easily operated, could be implemented in high-density optical disk systems with a high numerical-aperture (NA) pickup.


Generally the dynamic methods are used to calculate the oil increase after flooding control in the oilfield, but the evaluation results of different methods are quite different, and the evaluation results are uncertain. Therefore, for flooding control well groups in heavy oil reservoirs, the water flooding characteristic curve method, decline method and net oil increase method are used to calculate the oil increase, and the influence of the method parameter values on the results are analyzed, and the parameter value limits and calculation errors of each method are determined. Based on this, the adaptability of each method is proposed. The results show that the effect evaluation of the whole region flooding control is suitable to use the water flooding characteristic curve method or the decline method, the effect evaluation of the single well group flooding control is more suitable to use the decline method, the net oil increase method is not recommended. The application range and parameter value limit of the effect evaluation method of flooding control are put forward, which can guide the actual production effect evaluation in the oilfield.


Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic progressive fibrosis disease that affects in oral mucosal tissues. Interleukin (IL)‐13 has been implicated in the development of fibrosis in multiple organs. Indeed, it contributes to diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis, liver cirrhosis among others. Currently, its expression in OSF and the specific mechanisms are not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of IL‐13 in OSF and further explore whether IL‐13 regulates—polarization of M2‐macrophages in OSF. Initially, in the tissues of patients with OSF, we observed a high expression of M2‐macrophages and IL‐13 protein. Additionally, we found a correlation between the expression of IL‐13 and the stage of OSF. Arecoline inhibited the proliferation of fibroblasts (FBs) and promoted IL‐13 production in vitro. Furthermore, our observations revealed that M2‐macrophages increased upon co‐culturing M0‐macrophages with supernatants containing the IL‐13 cytokine. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that arecoline stimulates FBs leading to increased secretion of IL‐13, which in turn IL‐13 leads to polarization of M2‐macrophages and promotes the occurrence of OSF. This suggests that IL‐13 may be a potential therapeutic target of OSF.


The principal methodical grounds of the mathematical modeling of common migration for liquid aqueous solutions and light oil products such as kerosene, petrol, etc. into undersaturated-saturated soils at the subsurface layer are presented. More accurately the system of differential equations taking into account un-steady prevalent convective one- and two-dimensional movement (advection) for two immiscible liquids obeyed non-linear change law of volumetric moisture contents and mater transfer coefficients with the variation of intra-soil mass exchange sources are recommended. The effective iterative prediction formulae providing the stable solution of the initial system of the migration equations with the required accuracy are proposed.


have a good knowledge about the effecive school literature. Educators may ven be aware, as these authors are, of he commitment to &dquo;the principle that ubstantial decision making at the school ite is the essential prerequisite for qualty education,&dquo; as specified in the 1986 oint Report of the NEA and NASSP In reviewing management techniques nd strategies, however, Beare, Caldell, and Millikan have taken educators e step further by pinpointing specific, actical decisions that can be made at e school site. Perhaps, then, the quesn about whether the principal causes e effective school or the school creates e effective principal is not nearly as portant as the assessments, changes, d management techniques a principal ght employ to create an excellent ool with better educational opportuies for all students. Creating an Excellent School gives cators-especially principals-the as necessary to begin the assesst leading to changes, as well as the


2amino6chloropurine was treated with ethyl chloroacetate and potassium carbonate by using potassiumiodide as a catalyst in acetone at 75℃ to give ester, which was then hydrolyzed to give the 2acetic acid. Some experimental parameters were discussed. Six new compounds (Ⅲ~Ⅷ) were synthesized, and their chemical structures have been confirmed by means of their 1HNMR and mass spectra.


Every year the Swedish gambling monopoly serves as a significant source of income for the government. This income is later distributed by the government on various areas for the common good. The question is wheather the state is allowed to preserve this lucrative
market for itself by any means necessary. Also is it enough to claim that the monopoly exists to protect the citizens, and thus escaping the conditions of EC-law, and its struggle to harmonize trade between the member states? This thesis describes the Swedish gambling monopoly and its relationship with EC-law. The purpose is to analyze the monopoly to discover wheather its consistent with the critera set by EC-law regarding state trade monopolies, or if the Swedish government is in
violation of EC-law with the sole purpose of keeping the large amounts of money generated by the gambling market for itself. Also taken into account is the impending structure change as Svenska spel, the largest gambling company on the market, introduces
casino and poker games online. Will this distance the Swedish regulations further from what EC-law states as acceptable behaviour? Both European and Swedish practice will be presented in order to give the reader insight into the rules and regulations stipulated by EC
regarding gambling monopolies. This accompanied by doctrine, will be used to analyze wheather or not the Swedish gambling monopoly is in violation of EC-law.


Fuzzy inference is an important approach in the uncertainty reasoning community.Intuitionistic fuzzy inference based on Atanassov intuitionistic fuzzy logic has a flexible,rational and credible framework,but does not overcome the limitation that reference results rely on the choice of implication relations,so that it can not satisfy the request of reference correspondence sometimes.A method for intuitionistic fuzzy inference based on neural network is proposed,the reference correspondence of the method is verified on the basis of formal intuitionistic fuzzy sets,and the rationality of the method are verified with a particular instance.


Allison MD MPH Abstract Objective To present characteristics of and response to a large outbreak of pertussis on Haida Gwaii, and August 2014. Main outcome measures The primary outcome measures included the demographic characteristics, time course, and morbidity of the outbreak. The secondary outcome measures included the laboratory result reports, the effects on clinician workload, and the treatment and prophylaxis practices. Statistical analysis for significance of pertussis severity and immunization status was performed with


The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods have played an important role in the quality control of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), the preparation of standards of TCMs, the discovery of active compounds from TCMs and so on. Since, our data showed that there may be above ten thousands of compounds contained in a certain kind of TCMs, the separation and analysis of TCMs becomes a big challenge to the HPLC methods. This article discussed the problems and the development of the HPLC methods in the following aspects: hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) modes, novel HPLC stationary phase, two-dimensional HPLC separation system and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) method by investigating the extracts of Carthamus tinctorius L, Coptis chinensis Franch and Curcuma longa L. It shows that new technologies and new methods of HPLC have great potential and application prospects in the separation and analysis of TCMs.


The fate of the short Indo-European vowels in Sabellian is hard to follow. The extent of syncope in Common Sabellian1 and subsequent anaptyxis in Oscan often makes it unclear whether a vowel in an unstressed syllable directly reflects the inherited phoneme, or whether the original vowel was syncopated and a new anaptyctic vowel later inserted. For example, one might at first glimpse be tempted to interpret Oscan salavs 'saluus' < Proto-Italic *salowos as evidence for a derounding *o > *a; but on closer inspection, it is clear that the vowel a was generalized from the oblique cases where the middle vowel was regularly syncopated, followed by anaptyxis in the group -lw-: *salowom > *salwom > *salavúm, whence a new nominative salavs after the analogy of nom. húrz : acc. húrtúm; see Benediktsson 1960:255f. Furthermore, it seems that in Sabellian, recomposition (i.e. the leveling of compounds after the corresponding simple forms) was much more widespread than in Latin. Thus, a form like Umbrian amparitu (apparently a verbal stem parior parye/owith the preverb an-) does not prove that a was kept intact in unstressed syllables: rather, we would expect syncope, and the a must be due to the influence of the unattested simple verb. In view of such sifficulties, it is perhaps not surprising that most scholars adopt a 'null-hypothesis', namely that there was no vowel weakening in Sabellian – a vowel was either syncopated or kept unaltered, except for some examples of weakening in late Umbrian


Data Center Transmission Control Protocol (DCTCP) is an excellent transmission control protocol for data centre network (DCN). Although DCTCP can achieve the high throughput and stability, it trades off the convergence time. It takes a long time for a new flow to increase its congestion window (
 cwnd
), which greatly increases the completion time of some delay sensitive short flows, such as query traffic, short messages existing extensively in DCN. An improved DCTCP (IDCTCP) is proposed to improve the convergence of DCTCP. IDCTCP utilises the receive window field in TCP header to communicate sender's current cwnd
 to a switch. The switch only marks the packets with large cwnd
. So the flows with small cwnd
 are protected and can increase their cwnd
 quickly, which can effectively improve the convergence time of DCTCP. As a result, the short flows completion time (SFCT) can be reduced. The performance of IDCTCP has been validated by NS2 simulations.


A damage influence tensor that has main symmetries is built.An effective stress in an elastic material to be in anisotropic damage is studied.A stress-strain relation of an elastic anisotropic damage is established in accordance with Lemaitre's hypothesis of strees equivalence.An effective flexibility tensor of a material is introduced to this relation.Because of symmetry of the stress-strain relation,it's necessary that effective flexibility tensor should have a symmetry.For this purpose,the effective flexibility tensor is made in accordance with Sidoroff's hypothesis of elastic energy equivalence.A release rate tensor of damage strain energy is derived.A stress—strain relation of an isotropic material is derived,when it is in an elastic anisotropic damage.The analysis shows,an originally isotropic material expresses an anisotropic,when it suffered from an elastic anisotropic damage.


The knowledge of insulation debris generation and transport gains in importance regarding reactor safety research for PWR and BWR. The insulation debris released near the break consists of a mixture of very different fibres and particles concerning size, shape, consistence and other properties. Some fraction of the released insulation debris will be transported into the reactor sump where it may affect emergency core cooling. Experiments are performed to blast original samples of mineral wool insulation material by steam under original thermal-hydraulic break conditions of BWR. The gained fragments are used as initial specimen for further experiments at acrylic glass test facilities. The quasi ID-sinking behaviour of the insulation fragments are investigated in a water column by optical high speed video techniques and methods of image processing. Drag properties are derived from the measured sinking velocities of the fibres and observed geometric parameters for an adequate CFD modelling. In the test rig "Ring line-II" the influence of the insulation material on the head loss is investigated for debris loaded strainers. Correlations from the filter bed theory are adapted with experimental results and are used to model the flow resistance depending on particle load, filter bed porosity and parameters of the coolant flow. This concept also enables the simulation of a particular blocked strainer with CFDcodes. During the ongoing work further results of separate effect and integral experiments and the application and validation of the CFD-models for integral test facilities and original containment sump conditions are expected.


Bonding silicone elastomers is one of the largest challenges in microfabrication. Various strategies have been suggested, such as surface activation by oxygen plasma and bonding using partially cured elastomers. However, there is no universal method capable of bonding various commercially available elastomers. In this paper, we evaluate silicone crosslinker and catalyst as bonding enhancers. We demonstrate that these materials can be used to bond multiple commercially available elastomers, even a week after their moulding. Moreover, we demonstrate the applicability of such bonding enhancers to the fabrication of electrostatic/gecko-like adhesives. We show that increase in the crosslinking density at the interface may enhance the adhesion strength of such devices by reducing the shear compliance. This is the first time the use of these bonding enhancers is reported.


This paper presents a nonlinear state-space model suitable for numerical simulation and ship motion control system testing for dynamic positioning (DP) operations. This model represents a typical application of the tools included in the Marine Systems Simulator (MSS), and illustrates the modelling philosophy of the MSS. This simulator is a Matlabr/Simulinkr-based toolbox specially developed at The Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) for education, rapid prototyping and evaluation of marine control systems. The model presented here is based on results of standard potential theory tools, which are used to obtain radiation and wave excitation forces. The ‡uid memory e¤ects associated with the radiation forces are expressed as a reduced-order state-space model. This is a key issue, which allows one to replace the traditional low-/wave-frequency motion superposition principle by a uni…ed state-space model in body-…xed coordinates. The resulting model is suitable for simulation of marine operations requiring station-keeping and low-speed ship manoeuvring in a seaway, and can incorporate viscous forces, wave drift, current loads, wind loads, multi-body interactions, and ship motion control systems.


A novel and very simple approach is demonstrated for distributed feedback laser-electroabsorption modulator monolithic integration. This uses the same strained multiquantum well active layer for both optical functions. Very high performance (13.6 dB extinction ratio at 1.5 V operating voltage for a 70 mu m long modulator) is reported at 1.5 mu m.


BACKGROUND
Asbestosis and silicosis are debilitating pulmonary conditions resulting from inhalation of asbestos fibers or silica dust.

PURPOSE
We provide a descriptive analysis of asbestosis and silicosis hospitalizations in North Carolina to assess trends over a 10-year period.

METHODS
Events were defined as inpatient hospital discharges during the period 2002-2011 with an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) diagnosis code of 501 or 502. Using statewide discharge data for 2002-2011, we calculated asbestosis and silicosis hospitalization rates in North Carolina (by demographics, hospital length of stay, cost, and payment type) and compared them with national rates.

RESULTS
In North Carolina, average annual age-standardized hospitalization rates for asbestosis and silicosis were 71.2 hospitalizations per 1 million residents and 6.2 hospitalizations per 1 million residents, respectively. Rates for asbestosis and silicosis decreased significantly (less than .01 for both conditions) between 2002 and 2011, by 46% and 67%, respectively. Men had significantly higher rates than women (less than .01), more than half of hospitalizations were among persons aged 65-84 years, and Medicare was the predominant payment source. The highest silicosis rates by county were clustered in Western North Carolina; no geographic patterns were observed for asbestosis. The estimated average annual cost statewide for these hospitalizations was $10,170,417 for asbestosis and $886,143 for silicosis.

LIMITATIONS
ICD-9-CM misclassification and duplicate hospitalization records may have biased the observed rates of asbestosis and silicosis.

CONCLUSIONS
Decreases in hospitalization rates in North Carolina may be due to misdiagnosis, underreporting, or the declining use of asbestos in industries. Obtaining complete exposure histories at diagnosis is useful for continued public health surveillance.


The invention provides a centrifugal oil separator. The centrifugal oil separator comprises a casing and a gas-in pipe connected to the side part of the casing, wherein an exhaust port is formed at the top of the casing. The centrifugal oil separator further comprises a first sleeve and a second sleeve which are arranged in the casing, wherein the upper end of the first sleeve is connected to the inner top wall of the casing and the corresponds to the exhaust port; the second sleeve is sheathed outside the first sleeve, and the upper end of the second sleeve is connected to the inner top wall of the casing; the lower end of the first sleeve and the lower end of the second sleeve are arranged below the gas-in pipe; a plurality of first through holes are formed in the first sleeve, a plurality of second through holes are formed in the second sleeve, and the first through holes and the second through holes are arranged in a mutually staggered way; and the axis of the gas-in pipe and the axis of the first sleeve are arranged in different planes. Most oil drops are separated under cyclone centrifugal force, fine oil droplets and oil mist are separated at the two sleeve parts of the separator after twice collision, the pressure loss of refrigerating gas is reduced, and the system efficiency is improved.


The automatic recognition of human faces presents a significant challenge to the pattern recognition research community; human faces are very similar in structure with minor differences from person to person. They are actually within one class of "human face". Furthermore, lighting condition changes, facial expressions, and pose variations further complicate the face recognition task as one of the difficult problems in pattern analysis. This paper proposed a novel concept, "faces can be recognized using line edge detection". A face pre filtering technique is proposed to speed up the searching process. It is a very encouraging finding that the proposed face recognition technique has performed superior to the most of the existing comparison experiments.


The effect of substrate-induced strain in polycrystalline ZnO thin films on different substrate, e.g., GaN epilayer, sapphire (0001), quartz glass, Si(111)∕SiO2, and glass deposited by sol-gel process, has been investigated by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, electrical resistivity, and photoluminescence measurements. A strong dependence of orientation, crystallite size, and electrical resistivity upon the substrate-induced strain along the c axis has been found. The results of structural and morphological studies indicate that relatively larger tensile strain exists in ZnO deposited on sapphire and glass, while a smaller compressive strain appears in film deposited on GaN and the strain is relaxed in larger crystallite size. The electrical resistivity of the films increases exponentially with increasing strain. The excitonic peak positions are found to shift slightly towards lower energy side with increasing strain. The analysis shows that GaN being a closely lattice-matched substrate pro...


ABSTRACT We evaluated the MIC Strip Isavuconazole test against EUCAST E.Def 9.3 by using 40 wild-type and 39 CYP51A mutant Aspergillus fumigatus strains. The strip full inhibition endpoint (FIE) and 80% growth inhibition endpoint were determined by two independent readers, reader 1 (R1) and R2. The essential (within ±0, ±1, and ±2 twofold dilutions) and categorical agreements were best with the FIE (for R1/R2, 42%/41%, 75%/73%, and 90%/89% for essential agreement, and 91.1%/92.4% categorical agreement, with 6.3/8.9% very major errors and 0/1.3% major errors, respectively). The MIC Strip Isavuconazole test with the FIE appears to be useful.


OBJECTIVE To provide the basis for standardizing management through effect analynion the program of medical intervention for diabetics.METHOD Carry out the 6-month medical intervention program on 233 diabetics within 7 communities in Haishu District.Compare with the effects before or after program and community management effects of contract groups and non-contract groups.Evaluate the effect with the way of quantitative and qualitative analysis.RESULTS After intervention,patients'attitude,action and biochemical indicators have been greatly improved.And the obvious differences of related action and biochemical indicators have been shown in both contract groups and non-contract groups.CONCLUSION This management model hasa good effect.


The Tampere University of Technology Cellular Array (TUTCA) processor array is based on a dynamically configurable logic cell array. It is intended for efficient implementation of the direct mapping dataflow principle with a self-timed, distributed control structure. The architecture of the processor, principles of mapping algorithms on it, and the compiler of the dataflow language are described. The language used for programming is a slightly modified version of DFL. The main features of DFL, the parser, the array processing, the graph structure generated by DFL, and the performance and exploitation of parallelism are considered.<<ETX>>


The teleostean adenohypophysis has direct innervation by neurosecretory fibers; in effect, the median eminence is located in the adenohypophysis, and neurohormones are released directly in the proximity of the endocrine cells. Immunocytochemical studies demonstrate that neurohormonal fibers and terminals are specifically localized in the pituitary in association with the target endocrine cells. Because of this special anatomical arrangement, teleosts are a unique experimental model for determining the origin(s) in the brain of peptides and monoamines involved in regulation of the endocrine cells of the pituitary. To illustrate, the terminals of a specific group of dopaminergic neurons in the preoptic region of goldfish have been shown to be associated with gonadotropes, and likely serve as the source of dopamine for inhibiting gonadotrope activity. Functional studies on the regulation of activity of the adenohypophysis and release of neurohormones can be integrated. To illustrate, norepinephrine stimulates whereas dopamine inhibits gonadotropin release by acting directly on the gonadotropes. Catecholamines also modulate the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH); norepinephrine and epinephrine stimulate GnRH neurons centrally, whereas dopamine inhibits GnRH neurons centrally as well as at the level of the terminals in the pituitary. In contrast to the actions on gonadotropes, norepinephrine and epinephrine inhibit whereas dopamine stimulates growth hormone release. The overall role of catecholamines in the regulation of release of the neuropeptides involved in regulating the activity of somatotropes remains to be investigated. As demonstrated by these studies, teleosts are very useful models for neuroendocrine studies.


No randomized trials have compared autologous HCT (autoHCT) to allogeneic HCT (alloHCT) for DLBCL. We analyzed the outcomes of 916 patients (pts) (837 autoHCT and 79 alloHCT) ages 18–60yrs after a first autoHCT or HLA-identical sibling alloHCT for DLBCL between 1995 and 2003 reported to the CIBMTR. Pts receiving T-cell depleted allografts or reduced-intensity conditioning were excluded. There were significant baseline differences between the groups in disease stage, B symptoms, extranodal disease and marrow involvement. AlloHCT pts were significantly more likely to have >3 chemo regimens prior to HCT (53 vs 40%), and resistant induction failure or relapse (39 vs 16%). At 1yr, treatment-related mortality (TRM) was higher after alloHCT (41%, 95% CI, 30–52%) than after autoHCT (11%, 95% CI, 9–14%, p<0.001), but risks of relapse/progression were similar (30%, 95% CI, 21–41%) and (33%, 95% CI, 29–36%, p=0.69), respectively. Cumulative incidence of outcomes and univariate probabilities of progression free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) at 5 yrs are summarized in table 1. In multivariate analysis, allo and autoHCT had differential early and late effects on outcomes. In the first 12 mo after transplant, alloHCT was associated with higher TRM (RR 4.76, 95% CI, 3.14–7.22, p<0.001), treatment failure (RR 2.08, 95% CI, 1.56–2.77, p<0.001) and mortality (RR 2.78, 95% CI, 2.06–3.77, p<0.001) but similar risk of progression (RR 1.14, 95% CI, 0.75–1.74, p=0.54) compared to autoHCT. Among pts surviving 12 mo post-transplant, no significant difference was observed between autoHCT and alloHCT for TRM, progression, PFS, or OS. Covariates that increased the risks of TRM and OS were older age (51–60 years), KPS <90%, chemoresistance at transplant, and earlier transplant yr (before 2001 vs later). Older age and chemoresistance were also associated with progression and lower PFS. There were no significant interactions between graft type and other prognostic variables; in particular, relative risk of outcomes with allo vs autoHCT were similar for patients with chemosensitive and chemoresistant disease. In summary, myeloablative alloHCT increased risks of early TRM and mortaliy without an effect on progression (compared to autoHCT). Transplant type did not affect outcomes after 12 months post-transplant. AutoHCT was associated with superior survival (fig 1), and the difference was not explained by differences in chemosensitivity at the time of transplant.

| | AutoHCT | AlloHCT |
|:-------------------------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| Outcomes | (95%CI) | (95%CI) |
| AGVHD @ day 100 | N/A | 42 (31–53) |
| CGVHD @ 5yrs | N/A | 27 (18–38) |
| TRM @ 5yrs | 18 (15–20) | 45 (34–57) |
| Relapse/progression @ 5yrs | 39 (36–43) | 33 (23–44) |
| PFS @ 5yrs | 43 (40–46) | 26 (18–37) |
| OS @ 5yrs | 49 (46–53) | 27 (18–27) |

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Three heterobimetallic aluminum-germanium(IV) disulfides are synthesized. The reaction of {LAl[(SLi)2(THF)2]}2 (1) (L = HC(CMeNAr)2, Ar = 2,6-iPr2C6H3) with Ph2GeCl2, Me2GeCl2, and GeCl4, respectively, in THF afforded LAl(μ-S)2GePh2 (2), LAl(μ-S)2GeMe2 (3) and LAl(μ-S)2Ge(μ-S)2AlL (4) in good yields. Compounds 2, 3 and 4 were investigated by elemental analysis, NMR, EI-MS and 3 was also characterized by single crystal X-ray structural analysis.


This chapter looks at LEGO as a tool for supporting creative thinking, developing creative cultures, and contributing to processes which might make a difference in how the world works. My thoughts about these ambitious themes are not plucked from nowhere, and nor are they those of a passive observer, but they might be treated cautiously for a different reason, because they draw upon my experience of several years of close collaboration with the LEGO Group in Billund, Denmark. I am an academic, a Professor in the Faculty of Media, Arts and Design at the University of Westminster in London, UK, but this means I have also – very happily, for me – been able to work with LEGO on a number of projects, as part of their ongoing collaboration with selected academic researchers. From 2005, I worked with the LEGO Group on the development of the consultancy process, LEGO Serious Play, and since 2008, I have worked with the LEGO Learning Institute and the LEGO Foundation exploring play, creativity and learning.


Taking the expanded utilizations of waterfront green spaces in Hangzhou as typical examples, this paper analyzes the development of waterfront green spaces, such as creating the leisure and fitness spaces and planning the fitness trail system. The purpose of the expanded utilizations of waterfront green spaces is to be convenient to nearby residents, to improve green space utilization rate, to upgrade the urban living environment quality, and to promote green ecological city construction.


As we venture deeper into sub-micron chip geometries, design for low power is becoming a real challenge. The author looks at how firms are coping.


Background  The stimulation and intragastric accumulation of gastric secretion has been recognized as an important factor in gastroesophageal reflux disease. However, the interaction of gastric secretion and meal emptying has not been fully understood. Current methods to assess gastric secretion are either invasive or unable to provide information on its volume, distribution and dynamics. The aim of this study was to quantify the interaction between meal emptying and meal induced gastric secretion by using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and pharmacokinetic analysis.


Microbiological Sandy Beach Quality in Western Algeria
Whilst the potential impact on beach users from microorganisms in water has received considerable attention, there has been relatively little investigation into microbial contaminants in sand. From a recreational point of view, sandy beaches are the busiest because they represent a space of relaxation and leisure. Following the large attendance, a possible microbiological contamination of the sand could be a source of pathogenic transmission. Four beaches across western Algeria (Oran) were analyzed during a two-year period (2013–2015) to determine the presence of yeasts, fungi, total coliforms, fecal coliformes, E. coli, Staphylocoques and Pseudomonas in sand. A total of 233 fungi isolates was discerned in the four study areas and an enumeration of 13 genera of nondermatophytic filamentous fungi and five yeast- species belonging to four genera were identified. The fungal species identified in order of importance are: Penicillium spp. Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Rhodoturula, Alternaria spp. Mucor, Candida zeylanoides, Phialophora spp., Cryptococcus albidus, Rhizopus spp., Scopulariopsis spp., Chrysosporium spp., Geotrichum spp., Acremonium spp., Rhizomucor spp., Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida albicans. The high level of total coliforms was 18500 cfu/100 ml, fecal coliformes 5400 cfu/100 ml, E. coli 3100 cfu/100 ml, Staphylococci 5400 cfu/100 ml and Pseudomonas 1100 cfu/100 ml. Among this biodiversity, some species are highly pathogenic to humans, and represent a real danger to public health.


Computer vision techniques are used to detect obstruction in the scene of interest of an industrial computer vision based measuring system. The implemented detection algorithm is applied to a computer vision based, submerged arc-furnace, electrode lateral movement measurement system. The electrode measurement system identifies the region of interest on the electrode, extracts the strong SURF features in the region, and matches the features to the next camera frame. The scene obstruction algorithm is based on comparing the ratio of correct feature matches between the frames to the statistical average. This paper introduces the algorithm, explains the experimental setup, and discusses the results obtained thereof.


In this paper, we aim to relate the design of WhatsApp with its adoption in developing countries and inform the design of future products. In the last two and a half years, a large number of 'emergent users' in India, have adopted WhatsApp. They have been able to do 'account holding' tasks with a greater ease, which means they establish social online identities, manage off-line communication, share and forward content, and create and join groups with less difficulty. WhatsApp has certain design based advantages over the conventional account holding applications whose adoption is not easy by the emergent users because ofcertain barriers. These barriers arise due to user characteristics like lack of technology exposure andlow levels of education and income. We used User-Usage model as a theoretical lens to understand how design features of WhatsApp may have helped the emergent users overcome the common barriers. This analysis was supported with the findings of contextual interviews done with 108 emergent users to understand their WhatsApp usage. We found that simplification of registration process and interaction mechanisms, reduction of choices, freeing users from cognitively intensive chores and sacrificing features that were less relevant in users' contexts were some of the ways through which the design of WhatsApp managed to remove barriers in adoption. This study helps us identify the design choices that could make other applications easier to adopt by the emergent users.


We prove the equivalence between two explicit expressions for two-point WittenKontsevich correlators obtained by M. Bertola, B. Dubrovin, D. Yang [1] and by P. Zograf [8]. Let Mg,n denote the Deligne–Mumford moduli space of stable curves of genus g with n marked points. The genus g intersection numbers of ψ-classes 〈τd1τd2 . . . τdn〉g are defined by 〈τd1τd2 . . . τdn〉g = ∫ Mg,n ψ1 1 . . . ψ dn n Here ψi denote the first Chern classes of the cotangent line bundles on Mg,n. These numbers, also called the n-point Witten-Kontsevich correlators due to their relationship to the KdV hierarchy, vanish unless d1 + · · ·+ dn = 3g + n− 3. For n = 2, M. Bertola, B. Dubrovin and D. Yang [1] (see page 45 therein) derives an explicit expression of the two-point Witten-Kontsevich correlators


This work presents the design and the construction of a solar hybrid vehicle whose principal driving force is a photovoltaic system, assisted by human propulsion. The solar race of Atacama Desert (Chile) was the first challenge that the solar vehicle faced, with a maximum catchment area of 4 m, storage 1500 Wh and a maximum cost of 7000 USD. Built vehicle was tested, reaching speeds on flat terrain of 40 km/h with engine and 50 km/h with human-powered contribution. Proposed design could be projected as a vehicle for transporting person average Latin American roads. The important contribution is the interaction between two different energetic sources to support power demands at different load solicitations.


The rapid development of multicopters has led to many security problems. In order to 11 prevent multicopters from invading restricted areas or famous buildings, an Anti-UAV Defense 12 System (AUDS) has been developed and become a research topic of interest. Topics under research 13 in relation to this include electromagnetic interference guns for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), 14 high-energy laser guns, US military net warheads, and AUDSs with net guns. However, these 15 AUDSs use either manual aiming or expensive radar to trace drones. This research proposes a dual16 axis mechanism with drone automatic tracing. The tracing platform uses visual image processing 17 technology to trace and lock the dynamic displacement of a drone. When a target drone is locked, 18 the system uses a multi-axis attitude meter and laser rangers to measure its flight altitude and 19 calculates its longitude and latitude coordinates through sphere coordinates to provide drone 20 monitoring for further defense or attack missions. Tracing tests of drone flights in the air were 21 carried out using a DJI MAVIC UAV at a height of 30 meters to 100 meters. It was set up for drone 22 image capture and visual identification for tracing under various weather conditions by a thermal 23 imaging camera and a full-color camera respectively. When there was no cloud during the daytime, 24 the images acquired by the thermal imaging camera and full-color camera provide a high-quality 25 image identification result. However, under dark weather, black clouds will emit radiant energy 26 and seriously affect the capture of images by a thermal imaging camera. When there is no cloud at 27 night, the thermal imaging camera performs well in drone image capture. When the drone is traced 28 and locked, the system can effectively obtain the flight altitude and longitude and latitude 29 coordinate values. 30


Grid environments present a virtual black box to scientists running legacy applications, with the Grid infrastructure effectively hiding the running application on a resource over which the scientist generally has limited or no control. Existing monitoring systems that allow Grid-enabled applications to communicate their progress and receive steering information are inapplicable as they require code modification, and this not possible in true legacy scenarios. While a black box approach may be acceptable in batch execution scenarios, it means the Grid is cut off to legacy applications where interactions or intermediate results are required. In this paper we present gridMonSteer, a simple, non-intrusive architecture that allows scientists to receive intermediate results and interact with legacy applications running in a Grid environment. This architecture is Grid middleware independent and can be employed to monitor applications submitted via any Grid resource manager (e.g. GRAM, GRMS or Condor/G) or running within a Grid service framework. We present a case study describing how gridMonSteer enables legacy applications to act as active components in Grid workflows, dynamically driving and steering the workflow execution.


Sycorax neli sp. nov., is described from the Lower Cenomanian amber of Cadeuil, Charente-Maritime (SW France). This Sycoracinae is the oldest representative of the subfamily. The discovery of this fossil fly improves our knowledge of the biodiversity and the historical evolution of psychodoid flies. A check list of species belonging to Sycorax is given.


Significance Increasing evidence suggests that certain acquired traits can be transmitted to the next generation. However, controversy over the inheritance of acquired traits remains, as the exact molecular and mechanistic basis for these observations remains largely unclear. In this study, using a nongenetic prediabetes mouse model, we have shown that environmentally induced epigenetic alterations in sperm can be inherited to the next generation. Paternal prediabetic conditions affect epigenetic marks in offspring and can be inherited for several generations. This finding provides a molecular basis for the inheritance of acquired traits and may have implications in explaining the prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other chronic metabolic diseases. The global prevalence of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing, and it is contributing to the susceptibility to diabetes and its related epidemic in offspring. Although the impacts of paternal impaired fasting blood glucose and glucose intolerance on the metabolism of offspring have been well established, the exact molecular and mechanistic basis that mediates these impacts remains largely unclear. Here we show that paternal prediabetes increases the susceptibility to diabetes in offspring through gametic epigenetic alterations. In our findings, paternal prediabetes led to glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in offspring. Relative to controls, offspring of prediabetic fathers exhibited altered gene expression patterns in the pancreatic islets, with down-regulation of several genes involved in glucose metabolism and insulin signaling pathways. Epigenomic profiling of offspring pancreatic islets revealed numerous changes in cytosine methylation depending on paternal prediabetes, including reproducible changes in methylation over several insulin signaling genes. Paternal prediabetes altered overall methylome patterns in sperm, with a large portion of differentially methylated genes overlapping with that of pancreatic islets in offspring. Our study uniquely revealed that prediabetes can be inherited transgenerationally through the mammalian germ line by an epigenetic mechanism.


Technological innovations will continue to play a critical role in meeting both short- and long-term U.S. energy needs as ''opportunity windows'' open and close regularly--especially at the regional level. Market opportunities, particularly market niches, will continue to occur; however, the competition to exploit them will remain fierce, and, thus, careful analysis of technological, economic, regional, and policy factors will be essential.


The authors studied the organic geochemical parameters of oil shales from upper Dalazi Formation of Luozigou Basin by kerogen microscopy,rock-pyrolysis,GC and GC-MS analysis,and discussed the organic geochemical characteristics and geological significance of oil shales in Luozigou Basin.Oil shales were formed under sedimentary environment of fresh-slight saline water reduction,based on the analysis of some patameters including Pr/Ph ratio,gammacerane,pregnane,diasterane and diahopane.Comprehensive analysis of maceral microscopy,rock-pyrolysis and sterans(C27—C29) distribution showed that the oil shales organic matters were mixed source input in the studied area.Rock-pyrolysis,Ro,isomerized degree of sterane and C31 homoterpane,C29 morpane/C29 hopane,and Ts/Tm showed that the oil shales were immature to low mature in their evolutionary stage.


This study was conducted to explore the mechanism of activation of transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) which is critical to its role in many physiological and pathological conditions. To date, almost all reports concerning TGF‐β1 activation delineated that release of mature TGF‐β1 from latency associated protein (LAP) is required for its activation. We report that latent TGF‐β1 (LTGF‐β1) released from TGF‐β1 genetically modified keratinocytes grown in the top chamber of a co‐culture system functions as a fibrogenic factor through interaction with insulin‐like growth factor‐II/mannose‐6‐phosphate (IGF‐II/M6P) receptors of human dermal fibroblasts grown in the lower chamber of this system. Following successful transduction, the pLin‐LTGF‐β1 vector was amplified in PA317 packaging cells which possess viral structural proteins for vector in the presence of neomycin. Conditioned medium derived from packaging cells containing competent viral particles was then used to transduce either keratinocytes or fibroblasts grown in the upper chamber of a co‐culture system, in which a 0.4 μm porous membrane separates the two chambers. In this way, LTGF‐β1 produced by transduced cells in the upper chamber is released and diffuses into the lower chambers where dermal fibroblasts are grown. Conditioned medium from the lower chamber was removed 3 days later and used to evaluate the latency and bioactivity of TGF‐β1 using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and mink lung (Mv1Lu) epithelial growth inhibition assay. Cells were also harvested and used for RNA extraction. The results of these experiments showed that 1) the TGF‐β1‐LAP complex, which was latent in traditionally used mink lung growth inhibition assay, directly modulated the expression of collagenase, type I, and type III collagen mRNA by dermal fibroblasts; 2) this stimulation was inhibited by M6P in a dose‐dependent manner; 3) the TGF‐β1‐LAP inhibits Mv1Lu epithelial cells only when this complex was incubated with cell membranes isolated from dermal fibroblasts; and 4) LTGF‐β1 activation seems to occur through a conformational alteration rather than by release of the mature TGF‐β1 from LAP in our co‐cultured system. This conformational alteration seems to occur through the interaction of the TGF‐β1‐LAP complex with the IGF‐II/M6P receptors. Thus, the quantity of IGF‐II/M6P receptors is important in cellular response to LTGF‐β1 in any physiological and pathological conditions. J. Cell. Physiol. 180:61–70, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The purpose of this study is to build up mathematical models to age specific marital fertility rates (ASMFRs) and forward cumulative ASMFRs of Bangladesh. For this, the secondary data of ASMFRs have been taken from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS). It is observed that ASMFRs follows quadratic polynomial model in 1996 and one degree polynomial model i. e. simple linear regression model in 1999-2000. On the other hand, forward cumulative ASMFRs follow cubic polynomial models in both cases. Model validation technique, cross-validity prediction power (CVPP), , has been applied to these mathematical models to check the validity of the models.


.......................................1 problem statement...............................3 statement of intent.............................5 narrative.......................................7 user-client description.........................9 major project elements.........................10 macro site information.........................11 micro site information.........................12 project emphasis...............................14 plan for proceeding............................15 research results and goals.....................16 research summary...............................30 typological research...........................34 historical context.............................40 project goals..................................46 site analysis..................................52 programmatic requirments.......................74 design process.................................76 previous studio experience....................108 sources.......................................110 personal identification........................114


The term "paper-like" is regularly used to describe the appearance of many emerging reflective technologies. What are the display properties and associated metrics possessed by these purported paper-like devices? Do reflective displays need to be paper-like to be useful? This presentation will review reflective display characteristics meriting consideration, the challenges with their quantification, and the importance of benchmarking against relevant paper examples. We will also examine how this information can be useful for the modeling and simulation of new


[Objective] The aim was to study the effect of application rates of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on the yield and quality of Trifolium pratense L.cv.Minshan.[Method] With T.pratense as tested materials,split-plot design was used in the field experiment,in which the main plot was nitrogen application with 4 levels at 0,50,100,150 kg/hm2 and the subplot was phosphorus application with 4 levels at 0,120,240,360 kg/hm2.The branch number,stem-leaf ratio(LSR),dry-fresh ratio(DFR) as well as fresh and hay yield of T.pretense in different treatments of N and P and their combination were determined.[Result] The branch numbers of T.pratense were most in the treatment A2B4(N 50 kg/hm2 + P2O5 360 kg/hm2).The best ratio of N,P fertilizer was A3B4(N 100 kg/hm2 + P2O5 360 kg/hm2) and A3B1(N 100 kg/hm2 + P2O5 0 kg/hm2) resp.,which got a higher LSR and DFR.The fresh and hay yield were the highest when the fertilizer rate was A2B4(N 50 kg/hm2 + P2O5 360 kg/hm2) and A2B2(N 50 kg/hm2 + P2O5 120 kg/hm2) resp.[Conclusion] The application rate of phosphorus fertilizer had no significant effect on the yield and quality of T.pratense,and the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer had great influence on the yield and quality of T.pratense.


Phase equivalent potential corresponding to an energy-dependent potential is constructed via the formalism of supersymmetric quantum mechanics and judge the merit of our approach through model calculations.


An adjustable speed drive creates the harmonics. The novel current injection circuit does not need any additional active devices. With the significant reduction in current harmonics, the AC input line current is sinusoidal. The ZVS technique is used for all the switches operation. The rectifier diodes are by soft switching. The output voltage regulated by fixed duty ratio with varying switching frequency. The advantages of proposed AC-DC-AC systems are low price, compact, high efficiency, and simplicity. Nine level diode clamped inverter produces the voltage harmonics of 8.75%. The Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of input current is as low as 7.72 % and power factor as high as 0.99. Theoretical results are verified initially through PSIM simulation and validated with an experimental prototype of 2.5Kw.


Aims and Objective: To assess the relief of symptoms and analyse the surgical outcomes of women with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) Material and Methods: A total of 100 women participated in the study. 17 patients were excluded as they were lost to follow-up and the data from the remaining 83 patients was analysed. Vaginal hysterectomy was done in all cases. Site specific repair was done according to the defect present. Patients were followed post operatively with regard to symptom relief and anatomical correction was analysed at 6 months using Pelvic Organ Prolapse-Quantification (POP-Q) System. Results: The highest incidence of POP was between 61 to 70 years of age and in multiparous women with parity more than 4. 67.47% had stage III prolapse when measured using the POPQ classification. Vaginal bulge was the commonest complaint seen in 95.18% of the patients. Low back ache was The least relieved symptom at follow-up. However, the improvement of all symptoms was significant (p value<0.05). The mean length of Point Ba preoperatively was +0.67 (Range: -3 to +6, SD: 2.46) and postoperatively was 2.79 (Range: +2 to +3, SD: 0.78). The mean length of Point Bp preoperatively was +1.11 (Range: -3 to +5, SD: 2.38) and postoperatively was -2.76 (Range: +4 to -3, SD: 0.96). The mean length of point C preoperatively was -2.43 (Range: -8.5 to +10, SD: 5.17) and postoperatively was -7.93 (Range: -4 to -10, SD: 2.54). There was significant anatomical restoration of all POP-Q parameters postoperatively (pvalue<0.05). Conclusion: There is significant anatomical restoration and symptom relief after surgery.


where, unlike in the stories and novels, body metaphors and the motif of the expressive body carry no additional dimensions of meaning. Lack's arguments are supported by textual analyses of some of the most famous passages in Kafka's letters and diaries. This makes her book a pleasant read, as the reader will be familiar with the context in which Kafka made the cited claims and thus better be able to understand Lack's theoretical concerns. Her methodological backdrop is Benjamin; and she extensively cites some of the most respected names in recent Kafka scholarship, such as Kittler, Neumann, and Pasley. Lack discovers that the diaries and letters document the successes and failures of the body metaphors and motion sketches, and suggests this as a further avenue of exploration. Lack's book innovatively explores the patterns of Kafka's thought. It is a valuable resource to students and scholars, and an original contribution to a rich body of Kafka scholarship pertaining to corporeality and to the relationship between his letters and fi ction. Stressing the expressive dimension of the body, Lack shows how the imposition of rhetorical devices—metaphor and comparison—releases the body's potential to make manifest otherwise obstructed meanings. Her work confi rms that in Kafka, the body—like the act of writing—maintains the closest tie to language.


The MVC design pattern is widely used in software development. This paper introduces the application in web applications, and describes a new design pattern on the basis of MVC.And the new one can improve maintainability,expandability.And by using of message queue cache, the performance will be optimized at the same time.


The present time of universal communication gives rise to train students in their special subjects using English. That is why Department of Microelectronics of NTUU "KPI" edited several textbooks in electronic materials sciences in English. The contents of these books take into account extremely rapid progress in field of electronics to reflect latest achievements. Moreover, for undergraduate student, it is very important to state theories with an extreme simplicity so as not to scare away young specialist from comprehension of new concepts. In the Report, five recently published English-language textbooks are characterized: all of them cover the field of electronic materials sciences and intended for students specializing in the field of electronics. Incidentally, these books may be of interest also to engineers and researchers specializing in field of materials science.


Chlorinated phenols are a group of chlorinated hydrocarbons important in the manufacture of herbicides and fungicides, and they could also be coupling components in an azo dye production. Therefore they can be found in wastewater originated from those industries. Additionally, they are toxic for the environment and human health so there is a clear demand to treat that type of wastewater prior to the discharge into the effluents in order to degrade and to minimize their influence on the environment and living organisms. The objective of this work was to degrade 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) by the following advance oxidation processes (AOPs): Fenton' s, Ozone and Peroxone processes. The impact of solid particles such as zeolites HY and NH4ZSM5 on efficiency of Fenton' s and Ozone processes was also studied. Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of pH, hydrogen peroxide and zeolite concentrations on 4-chlorophenol degradation in Fenton' s, Ozone and Peroxone processes at constant levels of iron salt and ozone flow at room temperature. Degradation of 4-chlorophenol was monitored by TOC, HPLC and AOX analysis. On the basis of those measurements optimal conditions for all the AOPs applied were established. Kinetic model for 4-chlorophenol degradation was also developed.


In this paper,the grey Markov SCGM(1,1) prediction model is given based on the advantages of grey system prediction model and Markov chain prediction. The example shows that the grey Markov prediction SCGM(1,1) model can have high prediction precision for the random and fluctuating data series.


A highly enantioselective method for the preparation of quaternary carbon atoms substituted with a SCF3 group by using the moisture and air-stable N-trifluoromethylthiophthalimide as SCF3-source is developed.


Background: Healthcare services are the backbone of any civilized society as it helps in building and maintaining a sizable and healthy human resource that can contribute towards the growth of a nation. In a developing country like India, the healthcare services has taken a giant leap towards development in the recent decades as both government and private sectors have joined together to provide holistic healthcare services to the general public. But, as the healthcare sector is highly personalized in nature, it majorly depends upon the service quality to provide commendable offerings to the people. With this in background and as portion of a greater doctoral education, we have tried to assess the quality of services offered by various private and public sector medical college hospitals in the state of Odisha, India.
Objectives: This basic aim of the study is to make comparison between quality of services offered through the private and public sector tertiary care hospitals in order to assess the ground realities and to figure out the deficiencies so that corrective measures can be recommended. Another objective is to take the help of optimization model in order to shortlist the hospitals amongst the private & public entities that can provide better quality services while minimizing the costs.
Methods: The study was conducted with a total 436 nos. of respondents visiting various public and private teaching hospitals in the state of Odisha in India. While recording their responses, we have used the famous SERVQUAL scale with a seven point likert scale. An optimization model has been introduced to minimize the cost when a patient selects the hospital for treatment.
Findings: The people visiting the private sector entities were comparatively more satisfied with the service offerings than the respondents visiting the public sector hospitals. The optimization technique used in the study also yielded results in the same line, where it was found that the patients will prefer the private hospitals with better quality of services and comparatively minimal costs. Though, a good percentage of people were found to be satisfied with the quality of services offered but still there exist many areas of improvements which are listed in the article as well as some reformative suggestions are discussed which if implemented properly can go a long way in making the whole process more fruitful.


Black Soldier Flies (BSF) is a type of fly that is larger than ordinary flies and is famous for its ability to consume and reduce organic waste, especially kitchen organic waste (KOW). KOW processing using BSF will be carried out in Kecamatan Cibiru, Bandung City, so the characteristics of KOW produced by the community need to be analyzed. The number of samples is calculated based on SNI M 36-1991 on Method of Taking and Measuring Example of Formation and Composition of Municipal Waste, obtained 63 households, which are then divided into 3 income groups. Results show the average KOW generation in populations with high, medium and low incomes are 0.223, 0.153, and 0.103 kg/person/day, respectively. Based on the speed of consuming KOW by BSF where the composition of KOW is divided into 3 categories, the results are obtained that 47% KOW is consumed quickly, 29% KOW is consumed slowly, and 24% KOW is not consumed. It was also found that the high income population turned out to contribute the highest fast eaten KOW compared to the middle and low income population. This turned out to be influenced by cooking patterns and patterns of handling leftovers.


Abstract should be write in maximum 250 word with cambria font 11 point, 1 spacing. Abstract should be clear, descriptive, and should provide a brief overview of the problem studied. Abstract is discribing the reasons of selection of research topics, hipothesis, research methods and a summary of the results. Abstract should end with a comment about the importance of the results or conclusions brief. The abstract is written in English or


Abstract We examined associations of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD), tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), and bone toxicity. We studied TDF/emtricitabine (FTC) HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in...


Objective: The pathogenesis.methods of operation and function exercise of gluteal muscles contracture associated with unequal leg length were investigated in this article.Methods:Of all 1280 cases of gluteal muscles contracture,212 cases were associated with unequal leg length because of pelvic imbalance.Once the diagnosis was made,a "Z-shaped" release lengthening operation was done,accompained by postoperative skin traction and elevate pelvis exercise.Results:The follow up period ranged from 3 months ~2 years.206 cases excellent and good rate were 100% and the cure rate was 99.3%。Conclusion:When the diagnosis was made this procedure not only improve the function of the hip,but also recover the length of the leg because of correction of pelvis imbalance.The authors believe that it is worthy of recommendation.


Fifteen years ago, who would have thought the demand for information and communications would be as great as it is. Who would have thought our business card would have our business, home, fax, and mobile phone numbers. Today how many of us use electronic mail on our personal computers? Fifteen years ago, how many manufactures realized responding to customer demands may require the kind of flexibility in which OEM's would redirect their whole business strategy to make a sale? Competition in today's business world is forcing us to have access to more and more information. Changing traditional thinking, and demanding us to communicate as partners in business sharing statistical information so we can improve our operating processes. We need to research technology and align ourselves with progressive innovative solutions so we can take advantage of information and processes that will help us better manage our responsibilities. How many times have your Sales, Quality Control Department, or God forbid the "Mill Manager" requested an explanation from the Kiln Operator or Department Manager about a kiln charge because customers have complained about quality degrade? How many times were you able to reconstruct in detail the events that lead to the degrade, or better yet, have already communicated to your manager the aberration and potential quality degrades before the customer ever complains. With the full utilization of today's technology we can understand Wood Drying Processes. Manufacturers of process control equipment are constantly improving their stake in the market place, improving their sensors, and developing better ways of measuring process variables. With the advent of the personal computer revolution and the development of computer graphics, anything from the industrial environment that we need to measure, record for analysis, or display graphically is available in a user-friendly format. Intuitive operator graphic interaction is possible. The forgoing statements being a reality for us at Raymond, and while we try to adjust to a demanding market place, a customer base that is becoming increasingly selective, we felt the need to have as much information available about our drying process as we could. We would need ready access to information, all of our process variables, and the flexibility to add other measurement devices when we thought necessary. We wanted to create an opportunity to have a working test kiln. Our Operations people knew they were going to test traditional thought. The operations people have the determination to control moisture content distribution, evaluate quality degrade, improve


Bakhtin's polyphone theory has drawn wide attention since its arrival in China.This article takes Mo Yan's novel for an example to discuss polyphone theory's impact and re-built towards Chi- nese novel model.It broke off the traditional relationship of author's control and main character's under -control,broadened the narrator's visual angle.It changed the traditional linearity narrative order,and adopted the contemporary,complanate、polyphonal narrative structure.It also transferred the narration focusing on plots to focusing on characters.This article also analyses the polyphone root of Mo Yan's novel from the aspects of childhood experience,experiences of growing up,concept of writing and inter- est and so on.


A survey which includes household income,education,daily necessity supply,dependence on wild recourses and other community information has been performed within C.sinensis distribution in Sichuan province.It is obvious that in the C.sinensis distributing area,the living condition and economic level are quite low,the economic model is single,local residents are short of materials and depend greatly on natural resources.The current circumstance,especially the activity of local residents would be a great threat to C.sinensis.To achieve the sustainable development in this area,local government has to develop a new economic model and improve the education.We suggest that with the method of management and advocacy,the local government should put its attention on pushing the diversification of regional economic and education to improve the living standard of the local residents and further reduce the local dependence on natural resources so as to reach this goal.


without unusual fatigue. There was an increase of 2,5 centimetresin the circumferenceof the leg at the calf. Tremor was lessenedand appearedonly in fatigue. The patient had recently been able to board a motor 'bus which though it had only just started,was in motion. On the day following the operation on the hand the patient had been able todissociate the thumb into flexion, but had not been able tobring it back. Within a week he had been able todissociateeach finger fromextension. In three weeks he had been able to extend again the digit thus dissociated. The action of the intrinsic muscles had improved in addition to those associatedwith gross movements. Using the affected limb he had been able todrop a ball instantaneously,bounce the ball against a wall and often catch it again and.throw a ball vigorously to the ground. He had been able toturn a door handle and close the door smoothly and quietly and had also been able toturn off and on an electric light switch. The arm was usually carriedwithout abductionat the shoulder and with the usual extensionof the elbow joints. Splinting had been used toovercomestructural shorteningand to rest the overstretchedgroups of muscles. Dr. Scougall said that slaw improvement was still being maintained The patient'schangedoutlook had probably been a factor in his greatercare of himself in his habits of temperance and dress. The accompanyingchart illustrates the improvementin the movementsof the hand and wrist after operation.


Self-lubricating composites have been prepared by impregnation of various porous stainless steel matrices with PbO-SiO2 95–5w/o and CaF2-BaF2 38–62w/o. The composites have been tested to evaluate the influence of pore diameter on their characteristics. Lubricant properties have been evaluated in oxidizing atmosphere in the temperature range 25–650C through the rider wear and friction test. The results show that the specimens obtained through impregnation of metallic skeleton with smaller capillary diameter are the best and in the case of CaF2-BaF2 base composites their lubricant properties are also better of the lubricant in massive condition. The mechanical properties of the composite are acceptable for many applications. Presented as an American Society of Lubrication Engineers paper at the ASLE/ASME Lubrication Conference held in Atlanta, Georgia, October 16–18, 1973


ObjectiveTo compare the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) among Chilean women according to their socioeconomic level. MethodsA total of 540 women between 50 and 79 years of age were interviewed in Santiago, Chile. Women were allocated into two groups (H, high; L, low), according to their socioeconomic status. ResultsEach group consisted of 270 women. The mean age and percentage of menopausal women were similar in both groups. Of the interviewed women, 47% had taken HRT at some time; marked differences between the two groups were observed (L, 15%; H, 79%;p < 0.0001). In group H, the percentage of women who had been advised about HRT was close to 88%, whereas, in group L, the percentage was only 24%. Among the women who were informed about HRT, 83% (n = 253) had used it at some time. The percentage of women who used HRT for >2 years was similar in both groups. The main reason for not taking HRT in group H was fear of adverse effects, whereas the main reason for not taking it in group L was the lack of medical advice. ConclusionsThe percentage of women in the low socioeconomic group who use HRT is low. Medical advice is fundamental to increasing HRT use in this group.


In support vector machine regression (SVR) a big /spl epsiv/ value gives a rough system model with little support vectors and a small /spl epsiv/ value gives an accurate system model with many support vectors. The selection of the support vectors is effected by a small change of the training data. To obtain an accurate model with little support vectors, a method includes two steps is proposed in this paper, in step one, a big /spl epsiv/ value is used to select a small number of the support vectors; in step two, by giving these selected support vectors a small value while others a big one, a accurate system model is obtained. The experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.


The progressive loss of beta cells in Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is a result of chronic autoimmune attack targeted at diverse molecules expressing in thepancreatic beta cells. The appearance of cellular and humoral autoimmunity precedes the clinical manifestation of T1D. There are several autoantigenswhich are supposed to be involved in pathogenesis of TD1. Zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8; Slc30A8) was identified as a novel T1D autoimmunitytarget.


Poris Sport Club already have their own community. Therefore it is necessary to create a website to disseminate information and memprkenalkan Poris Sport Club to the wider community. In this Science article authors try to discuss about making Poris Sport Club website using JOOMLA CMS 1.0.12. CMS is a web-based application that has such a system to provide convenience to the users as well as its organizer. In accordance with CMS own name, a website that implements this system is oriented to the content. Not the constraints that are meaningful to management or the organization to update its website. Poris Sport Club is about the profile and fasilitasfasilitas available. And it is hoped this website can provide information to the general public especially the sports lovers.


Problem statement: The context is summarized by the presence of impor tant Steel manufactory close to the wadi Meboudja and its effl uents rejected into the wadi which contaminate the water used for irrigation by the local farmer. Approach: The goal is to determine the usefulness of Macrophytes ( Phragmites australis ) to filter some specific industrial effluents (Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn and Cr) present into water of wadi Meboudja. The use of Reeds ( Phragmites australis ) can be considered as a biologic and an economic solution to minimize the c oncentration of some industrial effluent, especiall y Iron which is highlighted in this article. An exper imental device was built, and considered as pilot, formed of three basins plus reservoir. We use the w ater of Wadi to irrigate the " Phragmites australis " which are initially appropriated from Oubaiira Lake in a natural medium. Water and Reeds samples are selected for analyses. Results: Iron is found in important concentration compared to the other Elements Metal Traces (ETM). Such a variation seems to be directly related to the rate of industrial production, fluctuations of the climatic factors, a nd the capacities of assimilation of the plants cro p. It is essentially concentrated into the roots of Reeds compared to stems and leafs. For example, in one repetition we found difference between the exit sam ple and the entry one in basin-1of (60-23=) 37 mg g -1 into roots. Conclusion: Plantation of Reeds ( Phragmites australis ) seems a natural solution to reduce elements metal traces, in particularly Iron, into w ater of wadi Meboudja. Other analysis on the garden products of local farmers should be conducted in or der to quantify possible hazards on the health of consumers.


The authors have shown the absence of HBAg in the blood of 30 patients with Down's syndrome treated in ambulatory conditions (age from 2 to 16 years), as well as in 28 brothers or sisters and in 19 of their mothers. After discussing the old concept of relationship between Down's syndrome and HBAg, the authors confirmed the observation that in non-institucionalized patients with the Down's syndrome, the incidence of HBAg is similar to the whole population.


As probably the most complicated and critical infrastructure system, U.S. power grids become increasingly vulnerable to extreme events such as cyber-attacks and severe weather, as well as higher DER penetrations and growing information mismatch among system operators, utilities (transmission or generation owners), and end-users. This paper proposes a data-driven democratized control architecture considering two democratization pathways to assist transmission system operators, with a targeted use case of developing online proactive islanding strategies. Detailed discussions on load capability profiling at transmission buses and disaggregation of DER generations are provided and illustrated with real-world utility data. By Combining network and operational constraints, transmission system operators can be equipped with new tools built on top of this architecture, to derive accurate, proactive, and strategic islanding decisions to incorporate the wide range of dynamic portfolios and needs when facing extreme events or unseen grid contingencies.


River bends are one of the common elements in most natural rivers, and secondary flow is one of the most important flow features in the bends. The secondary flow is perpendicular to the main flow and has a helical path moving towards the outer bank at the upper part of the river cross-section, and towards the inner bank at the lower part of the river cross-section. The secondary flow causes a redistribution in the main flow. Accordingly, this redistribution and sediment transport by the secondary flow may lead to the formation of a typical pattern of river bend profile. It is important to study and understand the flow pattern in order to predict the profile and the position of the bend in the river. However, there are a lack of comprehensive reviews on the advances in numerical modeling of bend secondary flow in the literature. Therefore, this study comprehensively reviews the fundamentals of secondary flow, the governing equations and boundary conditions for numerical simulations, and previous numerical studies on river bend flows. Most importantly, it reviews various numerical simulation strategies and performance of various turbulence models in simulating the flow in river bends and concludes that the main problem is finding the appropriate model for each case of turbulent flow. The present review summarizes the recent advances in numerical modeling of secondary flow and points out the key challenges, which can provide useful information for future studies.


This article discusses the design that Mitsubishi Electric PLC is used to control the manipulator applied in injection machines,describes the program design,the construction of the hardware system and the precautions during the application.According to the working characteristics of this manipulator,stepping sequence control is adopted so as to simplify the program.


Based on the theory of Constructivism,the article focuses on English language teaching which uses the Constructivism.It stimulates the potential of learners' conscientious study.Also,it helps students construct knowledge.Combined with practical teaching,the paper puts forward an effective way in cultivating learner's initiative in English language teaching.