Background In-vitro susceptibility distributions to antibiotics can evolve over time because of emerging resistance determinants. This can affect clinical drug efficacy and interpretation of laboratory susceptibility tests. In January 2019, the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) analyzed Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ng) susceptibility parameters for ceftriaxone (CRO), cefixime (CFX) and azithromycin (AZI) to review interpretive criteria for laboratory tests. Methods GISP (Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project) is a United States national surveillance project at approximately 25 sentinel STD clinics, collecting about 5,000 yearly urethral isolates from symptomatic men. From 1987–2017, minimal inhibitory drug concentrations (MIC) of 164,506 isolates were determined by agar dilution using CLSI-recommended protocols. Susceptibility parameters were calculated with R software, and included mean MIC, 98.5% MIC indicating end of wild-type distribution, and percent isolates meeting 2019 CLSI susceptibility (S) criteria (CRO, CFX, AZI <= 0.25, 0.25, 1 μg/mL, respectively) or current GISP alert definitions (CRO, CFX, AZI ≥=0.125, 0.25, 2 μg/mL, respectively). Results Since 1987, only 5 isolates did not meet CRO S criteria. CRO alerts peaked at 1.05% in 1991. Mean MICs were highest in 2016 (0.013 μg/mL; 95% CI: 0.013–0.013), but compared to the mean MIC when GISP began (0.011 μg/mL; 95% CI: 0.010–0.011) the difference was less than a full drug dilution. Isolates not meeting CFX S criteria, 76 since 1987, were at a 0.17% peak in 1992, as were mean MICs. Isolates not meeting AZI S criteria were highest at 3.6% and 4.4% in 2016 and 2017, respectively, as were mean MICs. Conclusion Ng CRO and CFX in-vitro susceptibilities have not uniformly decreased since GISP began, while most indicators suggest declining AZI in-vitro susceptibility. CLSI reviewed these data in conjunction with clinical, pharmacokinetic/-dynamic and other international susceptibility data and kept steady (CRO, CFX) or established new (AZI) 2019 laboratory testing susceptibility criteria. Disclosure No significant relationships.


This document describes the results from the Cooperative Telerobotic Retrieval demonstration and testing conducted at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory during December 1994 and January 1995. The purpose of the demonstration was to ascertain the feasibility of the system for deploying tools both independently and cooperatively for supporting remote characterization and removal of buried waste in a safe manner and in compliance with all regulatory requirements. The procedures and goals of the demonstration were previously defined in the Cooperative Telerobotic Retrieval System Test Plan for Fiscal Year 1994, which served as a guideline for evaluating the system.


The platelet has been implicated as the nidus around which clot formation occurs. We therefore decided to investigate whether any antithrombotic activity was associated with platelets. Thrombin activity was measured using the chromogenic substrate S-2238. Kreshly prepared human platelet rich plasma (PRP) and platelet poor plasma (PPP) were found to have similar amounts of antithrombin activity. This antithrombin activity could be easily removed from a platelet pellet by repeated washing. However, sonicating PRP resulted in the appearance of additional antithrombin activity. After 6 minutes of sonlcation, the antithrombin activity of PRP decreased to 35% of presonication levels, whereas the antithrombin activity of PPP remained 100%. When subjected to Laurell immunoelectrophoresis using an antibody to antithrombin III(AT-III), a greater amount of antigen was detected in PRP than in PPP. We conclude that platelets contain antithrombin material which is probably AT-III.


Genetic algorithms belong to a stochastic class of evolutionary techniques, whose robustness and global search of the solutions space have made them extremely popular among researchers. They have been successfully applied to electromagnetic optimization, including antenna design as well as smart antennas design. In this paper, extensive reference to literature related antenna design efforts employing genetic algorithms is taking place and subsequently, three novel antenna systems are designed in order to provide realistic implementations of a genetic algorithm. Two novel antenna systems are presented to cover the new GPS/Galileo band, namely, L5 (1176 MHz), together with the L1 GPS/Galileo and L2 GPS bands (1575 and 1227 MHz). The first system is a modified PIFA and the second one is a helical antenna above a ground plane. Both systems exhibit enhanced performance characteristics, such as sufficient front gain, input impedance matching, and increased front-to-back ratio. The last antenna system is a five-element switched parasitic array with a directional beam with sufficient beamwidth to a predetermined direction and an adequate impedance bandwidth which can be used as receiver for WiMax signals.


This paper will present the preliminary fmdings of our research project, Creative Writing and the Enterprise University, aimed at identifying and analysing the implications of the growth of creative writing programs in Australia on Australian literary culture. Through in-depth interviews with key stakeholders (educators, students) from three Victorian universities and those working in the industry, this research project explores the impact of the new political economy of higher education on creative writing programs. In this paper, we examine the some of the specific issues for creative writing and creative writing programs emerging from the research and the way they replicate broader arguments taking place within higher education in the context of neoliberalism and the enterprise university.


Definition 1.2 (Character). The character of a representation ρ : G→ GL(V ) is the function χρ : G→ C defined by: χρ(g) = tr(ρ(g);V ). Exercise 1.3. Show that, for any g, h ∈ G, χρ(ghg −1) = χρ(h). In other words, the function χρ is constant on the conjugacy classes of G. A function that is constant on conjugacy classes is known as a class function The above exercise shows that the character of a representation is a class function.


The Minjibir-Wase dam was constructed along the drainage system from the Jakara stream and linked with Dambattan flow that channelled through the lowland of the Minjibir via the main tributaries which drained into Hadeja. The idea of the dam was initiated during the Abdu-Bako era for sustainable irrigation Agriculture. More than twenty thousand people are benefiting from the dam. To harness the water resources, a private tourist centre was established along the coastal region of the dam where different recreational facilities were put in place to attract foreign investment and for leisure. The method used is the application of Hydrological software ArcSWAT and ArcGIS to map and evaluate the area morphometric characteristics of the basin parameters examined includes the slope gradient, sub-basin length, width, density, flow accumulation and direction and depth of the Basin.


DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT IN HEART AFFECTIONS. THE contents of Sir JAMES MACKENZIE'S Prinzciples of Diagnosis and Treatmnent in Heart Affections8 were originally prepared as lectures to post-graduate students, but the outbreak of war preventing their delivery he has published them in a book, dividing the subject matter into chapters instead of lectures, but retaining the colloquial form of expression. He commences by setting forth his views on the metlhods and aims of medical research. He considers that the advance of medicine will be halting, and whole fields essential to its progress will remain unexplored until the general practitioner takes his place as an investigator. Th'e cllief efforts of tlle profession, he asserts, have been spent in the recognition of the more clhronic diseases after they have killed the individual, or when they have gone beyond the stage of cure, but we should, on the contrary, endeavour to detect disease in the earliest stage. He lholds that, could we appreciate tllem aright, the patient's sensations give tlle first indication of disease, and a proper appreciation of these sensations will enable us to understand mainy obscure complaints, such as abnormal lheart action. The lack of appreciation of tlle significance of the patient's sensations is shown in tlle attitude of the profession towards pain; the fact that such expressions


The magnetic polarization waveforms in the core of electric traction motors generally contain a considerable amount of higher harmonics due to the high flux density at which the machine is operated and to the non-sinusoidal excitation voltage supplied by the inverter. Accurate modelling of the losses due to these higher harmonics may be beyond the limits of conventional loss models, due to the occurrence of skin effect at high frequencies. This paper describes an improved overall loss modelling approach that integrates skin effect calculations in advanced iron-loss models. In the analysis, an electrical steel will be modelled from ArcelorMittal's iCARe® range, which is a portfolio of materials with enhanced properties that are specifically developed for automotive traction machines.


Factors affecting reinforcement of high temperature vulcanizates were investigated using(interfacial) bound rubber samples of silicon rubber reinforced by fumed silica nanoparticles with different surface properties.Its interfacial action was analyzed by field emission scanning electron micrographs.Network of SiO_2 nanoparticles formed the framework of the three-dimensional structure of bound rubber;the best reinforcement for silicon rubber was achieved using SiO_2 nanoparticles with the highest structural performance.The largest effective reinforcement volume and best reinforcement would be achieved with a SiO_2 filler content of 0.26~0.29(mass fraction) and/or 1.1 to 1.4 OH groups.


Angular distributions for the elastic and inelastic scattering of 800 MeV protons from /sup 24/Mg are presented. Results of distorted-wave Born-approximation (DWBA) and coupled-channels (CC) analyses of the data for the 0/sup +//sub 1/, 2/sup +//sub 1/, 4/sup +//sub 1/, and 6/sup +//sub 1/ members of the ground state rotational band, the 2/sup +//sub 2/, 3/sup +//sub 2/, 4/sup +//sub 2/, and 5/sup +//sub 2/ members of the ..gamma.. band and the 0/sup +/ member of the ..beta.. band are discussed, and the effects of ground state deformation and multistep contributions are assessed. The DWBA calculations for the 4/sup +//sub 1/ and 6/sup +//sub 1/ angular distributions fail to even qualitatively reproduce the data, while a CC calculation, using a symmetric rotator model with quadrupole and hexadecapole ground state deformations, provides good fits for the 0/sup +//sub 1/, 2/sup +//sub 1/, and 4/sup +//sub 1/ angular distributions. A CC calculation in which the ground band is coupled to the ..gamma.. band, with an assumed asymmetric vibrational amplitude, gives a fair fit to the data for the 2/sup +//sub 2/ state, but fails to fit the 3/sup +//sub 2/, 4/sup +//sub 2/, and 5/sup +//sub 2/ data. This failure in themore » calculation may be due to the lack of a direct step to the 4/sup +//sub 2/ state, as well as neglect of the spin-flip process. The result of coupling the ground band with the 6.43 MeV 0/sup +//sub ..beta../ state indicates that this axially symmetric deformed vibrational model may be essentially correct, but also seems to indicate that a direct 0/sup +//sub 1/-0/sup +//sub ..beta../ step needs to be considered, based on the behavior of the forward angle 0/sup +//sub ..beta../ data. Additional coupling of a 2/sup +//sub ..beta../ state does not dramatically improve the fit to the 0/sup +//sub ..beta../ data. The results obtained here from analyses of the 800 MeV data are compared with those obtained through analyses of lower energy data.« less


Abstract. Physical optics modeling requires propagating optical wave fields from a specific radiometric source through complex systems of apertures and reflective or refractive optical components, or even complete instruments or devices, usually to a focal plane or sensor. The model must accurately include the interference and diffraction effects allowed by the polarization and coherence characteristics of both the initial optical wave field and the components and media through which it passes. Like a spherical wave and a plane wave, a Gaussian spherical wave (or Gaussian beam) is also a solution to the paraxial wave equation and does not change its fundamental form during propagation. The propagation of a Gaussian beam is well understood and easily characterized by a few simple parameters. Furthermore, a paraxial Gaussian beam can be propagated through optical systems using geometrical ray-trace methods. The decomposition of arbitrary propagating wave fields into a superposition of Gaussian beamlets is, thus, an alternative to the classical methods of propagating optical wave fields. This decomposition into Gaussian beamlets has been exploited to significant advantage in the modeling of a wide range of physical optics phenomena.


The Decline Theory is the theory that standards are in decline because of neglect of the basic skills. This theory has been paraded daily in the press for years; it is repeated in the first article of this forum as usual, without serious definition of terms or analysis of evidence.


SUMMARY The effects of weed competition, harvest date and cultivar on sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas(L.) Lam.) yield and components of yield were investigated in three factorial experiments planted during the wet seasons of 1984 (Expt 1) and 1986 (Expts 2 and 3) in the tropical lowlands In Expts 1 and 2, the commencement of regular hand-weeding (every 14 days) was delayed for varying lengths of time following planting. In Expt 3, the duration of hand-weeding from planting onwards was varied. The main competing weed species following planting were Cyperus rotundus, C. brevifolius, Euphorbia geniculata and Portulaca oleracea. After canopy closure, E. hirta, Imperata cylindrica, Eleusine indica, Sida rhombifolia, Mollugo pentaphylla and Mimosa invisa were the predominant weeds to emerge and persist. Cultivars differed in their sensitivity to weed competition. In L431 both mean marketable root tuber weight and number of tubers/plant were severely reduced. However, in L44, tuber number was more sensitive than tuber weight: marketable tuber weight was significantly reduced only by prolonged weed competition (no weeding until 56 days after planting (DAP)). In Expts 1 and 2, delaying the commencement of weeding beyond 14 DAP significantly decreased vine weight, total yield and mean number of tubers/plant. In Expt 3, prolonging regular weeding until 14 DAP and longer significantly increased total and marketable tuber yield and mean number of tubers/plant. Effects of weed competition in the early part of the season during the first 28–42 DAP substantially reduced crop production in the later part of the growth cycle (after 110 DAP). This was probably due to a partial suppression of vine growth early on, which reduced tuberous root initiation and thus limited the number of root tubers that could develop in the later stages of crop growth. Hand-weeding during the period 28–42 DAP also appeared to have a detrimental effect on tuber initiation as a result of mechanical root disturbance at this sensitive period of root differentiation. There was also a trend towards lower yields when the crop was regularly hand-weeded after 56 DAP, probably due to disturbance of the vine canopy. The critical period for weed competition commenced at or before 14 DAP, possibly as early as 7 DAP, and did not continue beyond 56 DAP. In order to avoid weed competition and the detrimental mechanical effects of hand-weeding, an optimum hand-weeding programme for sweet potato in the tropical lowlands of will probably involve (i) keeping the crop weedfree for the first 14–21 DAP; (ii) no crop disturbance during the period of maximum tuberous root initiation (from c. 21–28 DAP until 42–56 DAP); (iii) clean weeding at c. 56 DAP; and (iv) minimal or no weeding after 56 DAP. Weeding during the period 7–14 DAP is particularly important.


The properties of streamers traveling over the surface of oil-immersed solid dielectrics were experimentally studied under lightning impulse conditions. Streamer polarity and the position of a grounded side electrode significantly affected the relationship between the streamer extension length and the applied voltage. The solid surface charging had also a large effect on the streamer propagation. However, the streamer propagation properties showed a consistent dependence on the potential at solid-liquid interfaces. In addition, the potential drop inside the streamer channel was found as a function of normalized streamer length. The streamer appeared to progress in a constant velocity.


Classic inventory theory suggests that inventory plays a vital role in matching demand and supply. This paper provides both country- and firm-level evidence that inventory can be used as a financial instrument to take advantage of arbitrage opportunities in financial markets with limited capital mobility. Using data from China customs' metal imports and firm-level inventory from metal processing industries, we show that firms can utilize the inventory of an imported product to carry lower cost capital into a country with strict capital controls and, thus, gain higher financial returns. Specifically, at the country level, we find that the level of imported metal commodities is positively associated with the expected returns from financial arbitrage. At the firm level, we find that a higher expected return from financial arbitrage will incentivize a firm to increase its inventory level through short-term borrowing. In addition, our evidence supports the notion that firms with higher liquidation value, larger size, and higher sales growth (i.e., firms with higher borrowing capacity) may be more active in using inventory as an instrument to seek higher financial gains. We also utilize a unique regulatory policy shock as a quasi-natural experiment to enhance the causality interpretation of our empirical findings. This paper was accepted by Vishal Gaur, operations management. Funding: This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 72201230] and the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong, University Grants Committee [Grant 14504621]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4873 .


This article is the result of a series of reflections that are able to retrace some of the key issues in fund of the relationship with the Other's identity, a relationship that today may be to promote or affect in toto the possibility of multiculturalism,and the relationship identity-prejudice.


SYNOPSIS. An electron microscope study of sporozoites of Eimeria nieschulzi Dieben, 1924 revealed that they have a pellicle which is thickened at the anterior end to form 2 polar rings. Radiating posteriorly from the rings, directly beneath the pellicle, are approximately 25 microtubules which may aid in support and locomotion of the sporozoite. Within the polar ring is a dense conoid. Numerous toxonemes extend posteriorly from the area of the conoid. Two paranuclear bodies are present and some toxonemes are closely associated with the anterior body. Numerous ribosomes, bodies containing granular material, and osmiophilic vesicle bounded bodies are also present. Each sporozoite has a single nucleus with a diffuse karyosome and distinct nuclear double membrane.


Since early, on the topography in multiple sclerosis, especially the relation to the "vessel-territories" has been the subject of a variety of studies, and differring conclusions have been drawn. The literature from the very first days (Rindfleisch 1863) until 1947 has been analyzed by Fog (1948). The well-known hypothesis of Putnam (1930, 1931, 1935, 1936, 1937 1939) that the plaques originate from thrombosis of small veins has been investigated by Dow & Berglund (1942), Zimmermann & Netslcy (1950) and by me in 1948. Thrombosis of small veins may be found, but there is no permanent thrombosis in sclerotic plaques. I n my investigations of the plaques of the spinal cord (1948, 1950) I concluded that the changes in the central nervous system may be the result of disturbances of circulation, especially in the venous drainage, but that these disturbances may be intermittent and of varying degree. Most modern textbooks of neurology and neuropathology generally reject the "vascular" hypothesis on account of the negative correlation between plaques and vessels. However, Mc. Alpine, Gompston & Lumsden (1955) concluded that there is "in earlier lesions a topographical relationship to small veins with sufficient frequency as to suggest that these features are not fortuitous" (p. 237). I n chapter six in this work the different studies on the distribution of plaques and the vascular system are thoroughly investigated. The authors conclude that while the veins and venules have the same influence in determining the sites of origin of the plaques, they do not determine the subsequent evolution of the form of the plaque. . . (p. 233). It is generally accepted that there is a concentric activity in most plaques, the central part of the plaque with the strong gliosis being older than the more active peripheral portions. There is a difference in enzymatic activity between the central and peripheral parts of the plaques, as demonstrated by histochemical analysis (Clausen, et al. 1964, Ibrahim & Adams 1963 and microchemical analysis by Clausen, Gerhardt & Petri 1963). Curiously enough, the beautiful study by Dow & Berglund (1942) has almost been forgotten by most authors. Dow & Berglund were able to demonstrate that in two thirds of all smaller plaques a central vein


This research aims to investigate the effect of the investment opportunity set and the implementation of good corporate governance on earnings quality. The observations in this research amounted to 75 data from manufacturing companies listed on the IDX in 2015-2019 that have met the purposive sampling criteria. Based on the results of panel data regression, it is concluded that the investment opportunity set and the implementation of good corporate governance have a significant effect simultaneously on earnings quality. Partially, the investment opportunity set and managerial ownership have no effect on earnings quality. Meanwhile, institutional ownership and independent board of commissioners have a significant negative effect on earnings quality.Keywords: Investment Opportunity Set; Managerial Ownership; Institutional Ownership; Independent Board of Commissioners; Earnings Quality.


Abstract William Carlos Williams was an American poet who renounced poetic diction in favor of the unpoetic, establishing himself in American Modernism as a powerful voice distinct from such canonical contemporaries as T.S. Eliot and Ezra Pound. His attitude towards literary production was different from many of his contemporaries in that he believed 'the idea is in the thing' and therefore the presence of objects rather than abstractions is strongly felt in his poems. A critical survey of Williams' poems indicates that the poet/physician observes, describes and levels criticism at his society where modernism has transformed the American identity in significant ways. In this article, American icons and popular culture are retraced in the poetry of William Carlos Williams in an effort to explain the seeming opacity of his poems.


Review on RPS6KA1 (ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 90kDa, polypeptide 1), with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated.


Yb3+/Er3+ co-doped yttrium lanthanum oxide transparent ceramics were fabricated and their spectroscopic properties were investigated. The specimens have large absorption and emission cross section. Because of the additive La2O3, the fluorescence lifetime of the specimens were close to that of the glasses. When the Yb3+ and E3+ contents were 5at% and 0.5at%, the lifetime reached 9.65 ms. The properties of the specimens such as long lifetime, high emission cross section and narrow line width are favorable for the microminiaturization, integration and high power output of lasers.


Taxonomic studies of the genus Astyanax from the Iguac xu River (Brazil) indicate that they may be differentiated into 11 distinct species, some of which have not been formally described and named so for. This study focuses on three of these species, Astyanax sp. B, Astyanax sp. C and Astyanax sp. D from the Upper Iguac xu River Basin. Comparative cytogenetic analyses of Cbanding, Ag-NORs (silver nitrate stained nucleolar organizer region) and 18S and 5S rDNA corroborate that they are distinct species. A diploid number of 50 chromosomes and similar karyotypic formulae were observed in the three taxa, with the exception of Astyanax sp. D that differs in the number of submetacentric and subtelocentric chromosomes. However, the NOR silver-staining pattern, the heterochromatic bands (C-bands) and the mapping of the 18S and 5S rDNA sites in the chromosomes showed divergences between all three species under study, supporting the occurrence of distinct evolutionary units.


In order to further clarify the environmental risk of pharmaceutical and personal care products(PPCPs), the halflife(T1/2), organic carbon-water partition coefficient(Koc), octanol-water partition coefficient(Kow) and solubility(S) of 54 kinds of PPCPs were calculated with the software EPI Suite(4.11). According to the calculation results, leachability of these PPCPs was evaluated using the groundwater ubiquity score(GUS) method, and results show that among the 54 PPCPs, 28 has high leachability, accounting for 52% of the total, 17 has low leachability, and the other 9 has the middle leachability. There is a good negative correlation between the GUS and log Kocof PPCPs in this study, which can provide a simple method for leachability evaluation of PPCPs. And the leachability of PPCPs is mainly influenced by adsorption, higher adsorption results in lower leachability. The test and verification showed that the evaluation result is reliable. Besides, as to the evaluation of leachability of PPCPs, consideration of external influencing factors, such as the concentration of PPCPs, climatic conditions and hydrogeological conditions, is necessary for better prediction of groundwater pollution risk of PPCPs.


The Antartic ice-free areas are important and often hotspots of terrestrial biodiversity. Detecting change of the extension of these areas is therefore important and easily determined with remotely sensed data. The objective was to detect changes in the ice-free areas of Byers Peninsula and Hurd Peninsula on Livingston Island in the northern Antarctic Peninsula region. The proposed approach uses the combination of the Normalized Difference Snow Index and ratio of visible and near infrared reflectance bands of pan sharpened multispectral Landsat bands taken 16 years apart. Results showed an initial approximation was acceptable, but an important validation of these extensions was necessary when glacier fronts were covered by debris and sediments. This needed field determinations and thereafter a more precise digitalizing of the actual glacier front.


The amorous discourse in Pontus de Tyard's Solitaire premier (1552) and Solitaire second (1555) has been examined as bringing life to otherwise dry philosophical texts, as an amorous relationship working parasitically with the source dialogue, or as an exposé of an exchange echoing the Neoplatonism of the subject matter. This article seeks to show that the proto-erotic rapport between the Solitaire and Pasithée is neither simply a parallel nor an ancillary aspect of the dialogues. Rather, eros in the Platonic sense constitutes an infrangible element of the Solitaires , in terms of both structure and topos. Eros serves not only as a formally organizing force around which the dialogues advance, but also as a philosophical guiding principle.


An oral electrolyte solution made with rice syrup solids was found to reduce fecal output more effectively than a comparable glucose-based solution in the early hours of treatment of infantile diarrhea. Administration of the rice syrup solids solution was also more effective in promoting absorption of fluid, sodium, and potassium. In some infants, the rapid, effective rehydration offered by this solution may prevent the need for hospitalization.


Pine wilt disease is extremely ruinous to forests. It is an important to hold back the transmission of the disease in order to detect diseased trees on UAV imagery, by using a detection algorithm. However, most of the existing detection algorithms for diseased trees ignore the interference of complex backgrounds to the diseased tree feature extraction in drone images. Moreover, the sampling range of the positive sample does not match the circular shape of the diseased tree in the existing sampling methods, resulting in a poor-quality positive sample of the sampled diseased tree. This paper proposes a Global Multi-Scale Channel Adaptation Network to solve these problems. Specifically, a global multi-scale channel attention module is developed, which alleviates the negative impact of background regions on the model. In addition, a center circle sampling method is proposed to make the sampling range of the positive sample fit the shape of a circular disease tree target, enhancing the positive sample's sampling quality significantly. The experimental results show that our algorithm exceeds the seven mainstream algorithms on the diseased tree dataset, and achieves the best detection effect. The average precision (AP) and the recall are 79.8% and 86.6%, respectively.


The development of powerful trade unions rooted in South Africa's black proletariat is one of the brightest chapters in the recent history of the international working class. Nowhere on earth have workers struggled against more desperate conditions or faced a more powerful, intransigent opponent. In the face of a fiercely racist state, armed to the teeth and supported by the overwhelming bulk of the privileged white population, black workers in the apartheid hell-hole have organized themselves into one of the most powerful trade-union movements in history and wrested a series of concessions from the white rulers. Their struggle has inspired workers and the oppressed around the world. While the hated system of apartheid privilege remains intact, the continuing struggles against it----which have assumed an increasingly proletarian axis over the past decade----are living proof of the revolutionary capacity of the working class. The battle to uproot the entire system of apartheid is inextricably connected to the struggle for workers power in the industrial dynamo of sub-Saharan Africa. Contrary to the hopes of the ''liberal'' imperialists and South African capitalists, the apartheid system cannot be peacefully reformed----it must be smashed along with the whole social system of capitalist exploitation which produced it. The centrality of the fight for workers power in the struggle to end apartheid----the perspective of permanent revolution----is one which is as yet fully understood by only a tiny minority of those involved in the movement. At the same time, in answering the concrete problems posed in this battle, the most advanced sections of the black workers movement have embraced aspects of this perspective. The lessons of the struggle to date, and their connection to the historical necessity to forge a Bolshevik party to lead the black proletariat and its allies in the struggle to smash the South African bourgeoisie and establish a black-centered workers government, is the subject of the following article, which is based on a public talk given last fall in both the Bay Area and Toronto by Bolshevik Tendency spokesperson Gerald Smith.


State estimation in power systems refers to the problem of evaluating voltage magnitudes and angles at all nodes given a set of measurements. The application of state estimation in transmission systems, where the assumption of balanced network and loads is customary, has already reached a mature stage of development. However, the same is not true for distribution systems, owing to a number of reasons: (i) the need for a three-phase representation, since neither loads nor network are balanced, (ii) the usually large number of nodes, much larger than the number of nodes in transmission systems, which have a considerable impact on the stability of the numerical solution, and (iii) the fact that redundancy is not normally guaranteed. This paper then represents an attempt to deal with the state estimation problem in large, unbalanced distribution systems considering two main applications: load demand estimation and automatic network reconfiguration through a self-healing approach.


Fungi are a diverse group of organisms comprising both single-celled and multicellular filamentous forms. It has been estimated that only a fraction of the diversity that exists is presently known. In the 20th century several species, each with its own special a dvantages, were introduced in research as simplest eukaryotic model systems that can be studied with the approaches of cell biology, genetics and biochemistry. The genome sequences of a few fungi are now known; those of se veral other species are underway. In the 21st century, fungi will not only be increasingly used for understanding their unique mode of life, but also for findings of general applicability to higher organisms, such as asse mbly of intracellular organelles, adaptation to harsh enviro nmental conditions, defence mechanisms for protection from invasion by foreign DNA, biological rhythms, aging and death. Their ability to be transformed and the transgenic strains to be grown in relatively simple n utrient medium in industrial-sized fermentors, and their extracellular secretion of proteins is likely to be e xploited for production of a variety of enzymes (proteins), including human vaccine. The fungi are progressive, ever changing and evolving rapidly in their own way, so that they are capable of becoming adapted to every condition of life. We may rest assured that as green plants and animals disappear one by one from the face of the globe, some of the fungi will always be present to dispose of the last remains. —B. O. Dodge (1872–1960) FUNGI are non-photosynthetic, eukaryotic organisms which grow as single cells (yeasts) or as multicellular filaments (moulds/fungi), acquiring nutrition by absor ption from their surroundings. There is no material of biological or igin that remains free of fungi. Although commonly and unpleasantly thought of as causing spoi lage of stored food and diseases in plants, the large maj ority of fungi decompose dead material and recycle essential mineral nutrients (pa rticularly nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) required to build the cytoplasm. Fungi thus contribute to the green cover on earth


The influence of annealing of titanium oxide films on the currents of metal-TiO2-n-Si structures was investigated. It has been shown that regardless of the annealing temperature the conductivity of structures at positive potentials on the gate is determined by currents limited by the space charge in the dielectric with traps exponentially distributed on energy. At negative potentials the main contribution to the current is the thermal generation of charge carriers in the space charge region in the silicon. Interface properties of TiO2-n-Si depend on the structural and phase state of the titanium oxide film which are determined by the annealing temperature.


In order to better protect the environment, major cities have issued relevant garbage classification policies. At this stage, garbage classification mainly relies on manual sorting, which is cumbersome and unsafe. In order to efficiently classify and recycle garbage, use single-chip microcomputers and garbage bins. Combine it to create a trash bin capable of smart garbage sorting. The intelligent garbage sorting box uses STM32 single-chip microcomputer as the control center. It uses the garbage detection module, the motor transmission module, the full detection module of the garbage bin, the display module, the Zigbee information transmission and the upper computer module, which can quickly classify the garbage and remotely monitor it. A new type of garbage storage box. The intelligent sorting box can improve the efficiency of garbage sorting, simplify the garbage sorting process, realize the effective recycling of garbage, and improve the environmental quality.


The present invention relates to the structure and production of the transistor, and more particularly to a hot cathode electron-emitting vacuum-channel transistor structure and its fabrication. The vacuum channel transistor matrix substrate; Smile the heating of the thin-film structure formed in a matrix on said substrate; The cathode portion of the thin-film structure formed by a first distance away from the center the micro heating element onto the micro heating element; The cathode portion outside each side portion formed on the top gate; Anode portions are formed spaced apart in the cathode charge the second space via a spacer on the gate portion; including and between said cathode portion and the anode portion is electron-passing area of the vacuum as much as the second distance are formed. Transistors, semiconductor devices, micro-electronic mechanical systems (MEMS), a vacuum channel, the local minute heating electrode


A simple taxonomy of international environmental problems is developed, based on economic considerations. The unidirectional externalities are illustrated by the case of one upstream and one downstream country. The main problem in this case is an informational one. The analysis of regional reciprocal externalities is illustrated by the acid rains in Europe. It is shown that an efficient solution could be achieved by transferable "export" rights. Finally, global external problems are discussed with reference to greenhouse effects and extinction of species. Copyright 1990 by Oxford University Press.


Objective To investigate the expressions of Decorin mRNA、p57(superscript KIP2) mRNA and TGF-β1 and to analyze their relationships with pathogenesis and clinical characteristics in lung cancer. Methods The expressions of Decorin mRNA and p57(superscript KIP2) mRNA of 64 cases of lung cancer and 12 cases of normal lung tissues adjacent to tumor tissues were examined by in situ hybridization. and expression of TGF-β1 of 64 cases of lung cancer and 12 cases of normal lung tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry (streptavidin-perosidase). Results The normal tissues showed a higher expre-ssion of Decorin mRNA (66.7%, 8/12) than the tumor tissues (15.6%, 10/64) (P<0.05). The expression rate of p57(superscript KIP2) mRNA in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (LSCC) was 68.4% (13/19), being higher than adenocarcinoma of the lung (LAC), large cell lung adenocarcinoma (LCLC), small cell lung adenocarcinoma (SCLS) and alveolar carcinoma (P<0.05). The expression rate of TGF-β1 in SCLS was lower than LAC, LCLC, LSCC and alveolar carcinoma. In lung cancer without lymph node metastasis, the expression of Decorin mRNA and p57(superscript KIP2) mRNA increased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusions These results suggest that Decorin gene, p57(superscript KIP2) gene and TGF-β1 are closely related to the lung cancer metastasis and histological classification.


This paper presents Firefly Algorithm (FA) optimized classical controllers such as Integral (I), Proportional-Integral (PI), Integral-Derivative (ID) and Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) for Load Frequency Problem (LFC). Initially, a equal two area reheat thermal interconnected power system is considered and the gains of the different classical controllers are optimized using an Integral of Time multiplied Absolute value of Error (ITAE) criterion. The simulation results reveals that PID controller provides better dynamic response compared to others. Finally, the robustness of PID controller is investigated by incorporating Time Delay (TD) in the system and for the variation of Step Load Perturbation (SLP). It is observed from the simulation results that the proposed PID controller can withstand changes made in the system for the same optimal values.


The purpose of this study was to investigate expression of recepteur d'origine nantais (RON) in human hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and to determine whether RON affects tumor cell behavior in hypopharyngeal SCC cell line and if this would serve as a target for molecular therapy in a preclinical model.


The invention provides a curve display and inquiry method for large data quantity, belonging to the field of computer data analysis. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, acquiring a user inquiry condition, and judging whether the total data number is more than that of drawing points; if yes, dividing time intervals into n numbered segments with equal data quantity, and calculating the number of the points to be obtained in the time intervals; drawing a curve according to the maximum value and minimum value of the time intervals and the number of the points to be obtained in the time intervals; specifically starting a thread for each time interval for processing curve inquiry and view update in the time intervals; after processing n numbered threads completely, completing curve drawing; and if a user needs to select a certain interval for checking detailed data from the drawn curve, repeating the processes. In the method, by adopting a multi-thread mechanism, part of the data can be obtained for drawing within quicker time, thus preventing all the data from being drawn and greatly saving system memory.


The question about legality of existence existing in Chinese historiography of the provisions of national specificity of the Chinese feminism is determined in this article. The thickening of disclosed features of the Chinese women's stir (confronting with Western European feminism) in source with a list of women's stir features in Soviet Russia in the 1920s and also the Stalinism epoch led to match the identified content. The final result translates «unique» in category «general» typical for gender history of two socialist States in considered period.


The present work develops a finite elements computational model that describes the process of dynamic deformation in pipelines under explosive loads. The mechanical response of the material is modeled by means of an elastoviscoplastic constitutive law based on the Johnson-Cook equation. The model allows understanding the process of generation of dents through the dynamics phenomena and of the development and distribution of stress and strain. The model also allows studying the distribution and magnitude of residual stress allowing identifying critical areas in the dent. It is validated by means of the correlation of main variables with data obtained in experiments of generation of dents under controlled conditions. The model predicts the experimental results in a high grade allowing corroborating hypothesis of failure and residual life proposals for the pipe impacted.


In this paper the notions of a (2, 0)-ideal , 0-minimal (2, 0)-ideal, (2, 0)-biideal, 0-minimal (2, 0)-bi-ideal and 0-(2, 0)-bisimple Γ-semiring are introduced. Several characterizations of a 0-minimal (2, 0)ideal , 0-minimal (2, 0)-bi-ideal and 0(2, 0)-bi-simple Γ-semiring are furnished.


In this paper, the bit error rate (BER) performance of time reversal (TR)-underwater acoustic communication (UAC) and non-TR-UAC is evaluated, considering channel degradation effects, namely sound speed, multipath scattering, spreading and absorption. TR is a signal harvesting strategy that utilizes multipath to focus the signal wave power in time and space. Specialized beam tracing software BELLHOP interfaced with MATLAB is used to obtain the results. Simulation results show that the BER performance of quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulated UAC system varies due to variations in sound speed over space and time caused by different oceanic and atmospheric conditions. Results show that BER reduces in 0-400 m depth from the sea surface compared to 400-1500 m depth due to high sound speed in the former region. At 3dB SNR, TR-UAC outperforms non-TR-UAC systems by 98%, demonstrating multipath exploitation.


The objectives were to investigate the effects of feeding 60% dried corn distillers grains plus solubles (DCD) or equivalent sulfur as calcium sulfate (CaSO4) on performance, hormone concentrations, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in yearling bulls. Thirty-six half-sibling Angus bulls [256 ± 8 d; initial BW = 320 ± 2 kg] were assigned one of three treatments: 1) corn-based diet containing 60% concentrate (CON; S = 0.18%; n = 12); 2) diet containing 60% DCD as a replacement for corn (DDGS; S = 0.53% DM; n = 12); 3) CON diet + equivalent sulfur of the DDGS diet added as CaSO4 (SULF; S = 0.51%; n = 12). Bulls were fed in Calan gates to target an average daily gain (ADG) of 1.6 kg/d. Data were analyzed as repeated measures using PROC MIXED in SAS. Blood and semen samples were collected on d 0, 56, and 112 then evaluated for concentrations of testosterone, thyroxine, triiodothyronine in serum, and GPx activity in seminal plasma. By design, no differences (P ³ 0.14) were observed among treatments for final BW, ADG or dry matter intake. However, DDGS tended (P = 0.07) to have reduced gain: feed when compared with CON, whereas SULF was intermediate. No differences (P ³ 0.13) were observed among treatments for serum concentrations of testosterone and thyroxine; however, DDGS had reduced (P = 0.009) triiodothyronine concentrations compared with CON and SULF. A treatment ′ d interaction (P = 0.03) was observed for seminal plasma GPx. On d 56, GPx activity was greater (P = 0.03) for DDGS compared with CON, whereas SULF was intermediate, but on d 112, DDGS had greater (P £ 0.02) GPx activity compared with CON and SULF. Therefore, alterations in triiodothyronine concentrations and GPx activity among treatments indicates that DDGS may influence characteristics of semen quality.


Martha Derthick Book Award The Martha Derthick Book Award is conferred for the best book published at least 10 years ago that has made a lasting contribution to the study of federalism and intergovernmental relations. Award Committee: Paul Nolette, Chair, Marquette University; Maria Escobar-Lemmon, Texas A&M University; Barry Rabe, University of Michigan Recipient: Wallace Oates, University of Maryland Title: Fiscal Federalism. Harcourt Brace, 1972.


Background Urine biomarkers, such as creatinine, microalbumin, potassium and sodium are strongly associated with several common diseases including chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. Knowledge about the genetic determinants of the levels of these biomarker may shed light on pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of these diseases. Methods We performed genome-wide association studies of urinary levels of creatinine, microalbumin, potassium, and sodium in up to 326,441 unrelated individuals of European ancestry from the UK Biobank, a large population-based cohort study of over 500,000 individuals recruited across the United Kingdom in 2006-2010. Further, we explored genetic correlations, tissue-specific gene expression and possible causal genes related to these biomarkers. Results We identified 23 genome-wide significant independent loci associated with creatinine, 20 for microalbumin, 12 for potassium, and 38 for sodium. We confirmed several established associations including between the CUBN locus and microalbumin (rs141640975, p=3.11e-68). Variants associated with the levels of urinary creatinine, potassium, and sodium mapped to loci previously associated with obesity (GIPR, rs1800437, p=9.81e-10), caffeine metabolism (CYP1A1, rs2472297, p=1.61e-8) and triglycerides (GCKR, rs1260326, p=4.37e-16), respectively. We detected high pairwise genetic correlation between the levels of four urinary biomarkers, and significant genetic correlation between their levels and several anthropometric, cardiovascular, glycemic, lipid and kidney traits. We highlight GATM as causally implicated in the genetic control of urine creatinine, and GIPR, a potential diabetes drug target, as a plausible causal gene involved in regulation of urine creatinine and sodium. Conclusion We report 78 novel genome-wide significant associations with urinary levels of creatinine, microalbumin, potassium and sodium in the UK Biobank, confirming several previously established associations and providing new insights into the genetic basis of these traits and their connection to chronic diseases. Author Summary Urine biomarkers, such as creatinine, microalbumin, potassium and sodium are strongly associated with several common diseases including chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. Knowledge about the genetic determinants of the levels of these biomarker may shed light on pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of these diseases. Here, we performed genome-wide association studies of urinary levels of creatinine, microalbumin, potassium and sodium in up to 326,441 unrelated individuals of European ancestry from the UK Biobank. Further, we explored genetic correlations, tissue-specific gene expression and possible causal genes related to these biomarkers. We identified 78 novel genome-wide significant associations with urinary biomarkers, confirming several previously established associations and providing new insights into the genetic basis of these traits and their connection to chronic diseases. Further, we highlight GATM as causally implicated in the genetic control of urine creatinine, and GIPR, a potential diabetes drug target, as a plausible causal gene involved in regulation of urine creatinine and sodium. The knowledge arising from our work may improve the predictive utility of the respective biomarker and point to new therapeutic strategies to prevent common diseases.


MOST READERS OF PHILLIS WHEATLEY'S POETRY have long been aware that she employed the pastoral mode in her poems with some frequency. These readers have not recognized, nevertheless, that this poet manipulated the pastoral mode in a subversive manner. The work of Annabel Patterson instructs us that "what people think of Vergil's Eclogues is a key to their own cultural assumptions, especially as those are organized by the concept of the artist/intellectual."1 As the brevity of the Eclogues "made them a natural exercise for elementary education in the classics," so Patterson observes, "they entered the European consciousness at a formative stage."2 Whoever tutored Wheatley in Latin, for of course someone must have, may well have asked her to write pastoral compositions in Latin, as was expected of students in early America's Latin grammar schools. Patterson maintains that Europeans of the Renaissance and eighteenth century understood pastoral's "dialectical, tensive structure" as characterized, on the one hand, by the idyllic, Theocritean simplicity of shepherds' singing contests and love songs and, on the other hand, by Vergil's exploration of a realism that embraced "the consequences of civil war, problems of landownership and the relationship of writers to rulers." These two sides of the dialectic formed, in the minds of those Europeans who adapted the eclogues to their own needs, "a metaphorical system by which they could allude to the power structures of their own society, describe their own poetics and determine their own cultural stance."3


The fabrication and characterization of some Co/Pt multilayers are described. The multilayers were deposited in a conventional sputtering system. Their magnetic and structural properties have been measured. The multilayers show a well-defined layered structure at the layer thicknesses at which optimum magnetic properties are obtained. The magnetic properties, including the domain structure, are consistent with a predominant perpendicular anisotropy in the multilayers and depend on the individual cobalt layer thickness and on the number of periods in the multilayer. >


There is a limited published research on corporate governance practise in Asian countries, during and after the Asian economic crisis of 1997, especially the practise within the Indonesian context. Most of Indonesian companies suffered a loss during the crisis, and only a limited number of companies survived and booked a profit. This study is concerned with the corporate governance practice in a baby milk formula producer and a public listed company, PT Sari Husada Tbk. The company was acquired by Royal Numico N.V. Holland in 1997 and was one of those Indonesian companies which survived and outperformed the market average during the crisis. This research examined the elements of corporate governance system at Sari Husada and the role of each level of the firm, so that it could perform in the best interest of the company, using an ethnographic qualitative approach. Twenty one respondents from inside and outside the company have been interviewed, in order to find out evidences about what happened, how it happened and why it happened. Three cornerstones, corporate governance, corporate culture and strategic management, were used in analysing the data. The study found that the corporate governance practise in Sari Husada was partly adopted from the literature with some adjustments which included local culture and national interests. The company survived the crisis of 1997 because of the


Purpose: The new competitive environment characterized by innovation and constant change is forcing a new organizational behavior. This requires a digital transformation of SMEs based on collective performance determinants. SMEs have particular characteristics that differentiate them from large companies and a model that allows them to identify, leverage and develop their digital capabilities can help them to advance in digital maturity. Design/methodology/approach: An in-depth review of the existing literature on digital transformation and organizational competence was carried out on Scopus and Web of Science to identify the digital challenges faced by SMEs, and what digital capabilities they have to develop to face these challenges. In order to obtain the necessary information for the refinement of organizational competence for digital transformation model, six experts were interviewed; three of them are academics and the other three are professionals with management responsibilities in SMEs. We used semi-structured interviews, to keep the interviews focused and facilitate cross-data analysis between experts. In addition, it allowed us the possibility of analyzing new relevant aspects that could arise during the interview. Findings: As a result of this study, we have developed a refined model of organizational competence for digital transformation that allows SMEs to identify and develop the digital capabilities necessary to advance in the digital transformation, refined with the opinions of six experts consulted. We were able to observe the importance of organizational learning and organizational knowledge to advance the digital transformation of SMEs. Originality/value: The developed model is useful for SME managers to know what the initial starting situation is, what the digital gaps are and to be able to plan the actions to develop the necessary digital capabilities to advance towards digital maturity.


of Africana politics might do well to step back from the quest for "scientific" legitimacy in their search for political truth and wisdom. Africana political studies should be broader than the limited parameters of conventional political science and make use of interdisciplinary approaches as well as the distinguished works in Africana philosophy, literature, sociology, psychology, history, anthropology, and economics. This should encourage political scientists to deal with larger matters of social development, rather than the narrow approaches of a single discipline that emphasizes the social scientific analysis of electoral practices. Therefore, I cannot recommend this anthology for graduate or undergraduate courses in political science, public policy, or Africana Studies.


Introduction PART I - MATTER AND SUBSTANCE 1. Space and Subtle Matter in Descartes's Metaphysics 2. Descartes on Nothing in Particular 3. "If a Body Meets a Body": Descartes on Body-Body Causation 4. Descartes's Extended Substances 5. Spinoza's Extended Substance: Cartesian and Leibnizian Reflections 6. Leibniz's Constructivism and Infinitely Folded Matter 7. Locke and Leibniz and the Debate over Species PART II - FREEDOM AND NECESSITY 8. Descartes on Spontaneity, Indifference, and Alternatives 9. The Range of Leibnizian Compatibilism 10. The Necessity of Finite Modes and Geometrical Containment in Spinoza's Metaphysics 11. Spinoza's Necessitarianism Reconsidered PART III - MIND AND CONSCIOUSNESS 12. A Spectator at the Theater of the World 13. Distinctness 14. Causation and Similarity in Descartes 15. Teleology in Spinoza and Early Modern Rationalism 16. "For They Do Not Agree In Nature With Us": Spinoza on the Lower Animals 17. Leibniz on Consciousness and Self-Consciousness 18. The Illusory Nature of Leibniz's System Bibliography Index


Copolymer of 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate (TMSPM) with N-vinyl pyrrolidone (VP) was synthesized by free radical polymerization in dry benzene using (BPO) as initiator. The copolymer was characterized by FTIR, 1H-NMR. Thermal properties of homopolymers and copolymers were studied by TGA and DSC. The copolymer composition was determined by elemental analysis. The monomer reactivity ratios were estimated by different procedures: Fineman-Ross, Kelen-Tudos, Mayo-Lewis and curve fitting method. The derived reactivity ratios (r1, r2) are: (3.722, 0.097), and found that the reactivity of the monomer TMSPM is more than the monomer NVP. The sequence distribution of monomers in the copolymer and the microstructure of copolymer were calculated by statistical method based on the average reactivity ratios.


This paper explores an infrequently discussed methodological divide within qualitative research; that between conscious and unconscious accounts of organizational processes. The paper makes use of an empirical case study of problems encountered in the growth of a high-technology company. The conscious accounts of growth treat members of the firm as knowledgeable agents whose understandings are then drawn upon to generate an account of growth in terms of interrelated processes of power, meaning and legitimacy. These conscious accounts are then complemented through an exploration of unconscious dynamics in the personality of the entrepreneur, the work group and the `family' structure of the firm. It is argued that the key shift in moving between conscious and unconscious interpretation, involves the bracketing of the reality claims implicit in conscious rationalizations, and a re-listening to research material as a largely unconscious projection of individuals' `inner worlds'. With unconscious interpretations, the character of language, its emotional content and in particular the sources of individual and group anxiety all realize a central importance. Despite the established divide in the literature between these two forms of interpretation, it is argued that the case suggests the value and necessity of their integration, particularly for the understanding of creativity.


Purpose – The aim of this study is to explore the influence of the clothing ventilation in three body regions on the humidity of the local clothing microclimates under five work‐shirts immediately after the onset of sweating in light exercise.Design/methodology/approach – The clothing microclimate ventilations were measured at chest, back and upper arm using a manikin. Separate wear trials were performed to determine the sweat production and the humidity of the clothing microclimate at the same locations as where the ventilation was measured during light exercise.Findings – Every shirt shows the greatest value of ventilation index (VI) for the chest and the smallest one for the upper arm. The values of VI differ remarkably at the chest among the five shirts. Comfort sensation became gradually worse as the time passed after starting exercise. There was no significant difference among the clothing conditions in mean values of rectal temperature, local skin temperatures, microclimate temperatures, microclima...


Abstract : Heterogeneous reactions of gas phase molecules with aqueous sulfuric acid aerosols play a significant role in the destruction of ozone in the stratosphere. These processes include the acid-catalyzed reactions of HCI and HBr with CIONO2 (BrONO2) and HOCI (HOBr) to generate photoactive halogen molecules, particularly in colder regions of the stratosphere where they are more soluble in the water-rich aerosols. Our objective is to determine the mechanisms and rate-limiting steps of reactions of these atmospheric gases with these supercooled sulfuric acid droplets. By employing molecular beam scattering techniques, we probe the nature of the initial gas-sulfuric acid collision and the immediate fate of HCI and HBr molecules trapped at the acid's surface as they either desorb into the gas phase or react in the interfacial or bulk regions of the aerosol. In this interim grant period, we have explored the ability of organic molecules dissolved in sulfuric acid to form surface films that impede gas uptake and thereby reduce the rates of heterogeneous reactions in the acid. These surface-active organic molecules are found naturally in the upper troposphere and tropopause and may be produced in the exhaust of jet aircraft. We have so far investigate the entry of trifluoroethanol and HCI gas molecules into bare sulfuric acid and acid coated with butanol, dodecanol, and hexadecanol. These hydrocarbon surfactants have kept us busy, and we have not yet compared them with fluorocarbon ones.


Effective and fast localization of anatomical structures is a crucial first step towards automated analysis of medical volumes. In this paper, we propose an iterative approach for structure localization in medical volumes based on the adaptive bandwidth mean-shift algorithm for object detection (ABMSOD). We extend and tune the ABMSOD algorithm, originally used to detect 2D objects in non-medical images, to localize 3D anatomical structures in medical volumes. For fast localization, we design and develop optimized parallel implementations of the proposed algorithm on multi-cores using OpenMP, and on GPUs using CUDA. We evaluate the quality, performance and scalability of the proposed algorithm on Computed Tomography (CT) volumes for various structures.


Correlation studies in ten parents and the forty five hybrids developed by crossing these ten parents in half-diallel (excluding reciprocals) fashion revealed that seed hardness exhibited significant and positive association with germination percentage while negative significant association was found with electrical conductivity of grain leachates and fungal load of Fusarium moniliforme both at genotypic and phenotypic levels. This indicated that the proper selection procedure to increase seed hardness would thus result in increased germination percentage. Such selection would consequently reduce down the fungal load, electrical conductivity of grain leachates and water absorption capacity and thus help in grain mold resistance breeding programme effectively.


Often, security policies take an overly proscriptive approach designed to shape "secure" behavior in the specification of constraints, controls, and impediments to free action. In the case of very detailed policies, the user may not even understand the logic behind the behavior. This research poses a simple premise: if a desired state of system security can be achieved with a policy that affords the user a range of behavioral options, would the user be more likely to comply with the policy? We present findings from a field experiment in the context of password selection where secure behavior was enhanced by relaxing proscription (and prescription) by allowing universal cues in additional feedback tools to take precedence over explicit behavioral requirements. This is in keeping with aspects of Activity Theory which proposes that familiar tools influence actor-structure interactions that lead to desired outcomes.


Objectives: To study maternal serum and cord blood zinc as causal factor in fetal growth restriction and to find out correlation, if any, between birth weight and maternal serum and cord blood zinc levels.
Material and methods: This prospective observational study was carried out on 120 term pregnant women who attended the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pt. B. D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, of which, 60 had FGR babies and 60 had normal growth babies. Serum zinc levels were studied in these women and cord blood zinc levels in their neonates.
Results: After adjusting for other variables in the multivariable model we found that the mean serum zinc level in study group women was 115.65±6.36µg/dL at term and 116.91±6.39µg/dL in late preterm neonates. Also, we found that the mean cord blood zinc levels were 136.03±9.25µg/dL in study group and 135.24±4.72µg/dL in control group in term neonates while in late preterm neonates, it was 135.06±9.52µg/dL in study group and 133.18±6.58µg/dL in control group. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between birth weight of FGR babies with the maternal serum zinc levels at term and between cord blood zinc levels and birth weight in both preterm and term neonates.
Conclusion: Zinc is an essential micronutrient during pregnancy and is needed for  fetal development and placental functions. Its role in fetal growth and development, need of supplementation in pregnant women needs to be studied further to demonstrate better clinical outcomes in women with growth retarded fetus.
Keywords: Cord blood zinc, Fetal growth restriction, late preterm neonates, maternal zinc, micronutrients, term neonates.


The patent applications,area distributions,technical fields,main applicants and the owners of industrial technologies of the patents for Li-ion battery and its key materials,such as LiFePO4,in global and some countries,are introduced in this paper.It is pointed out that while strengthening the new technology research,to avade the foreign patents,establishing independent intellectual property rights,we must pay attention to the patent information research,establish early-warning mechanism of intellectual property.It is particularly important to the sustainable development of our Li-ion battery andthe related industries.


Background:  EviQ is a web‐based oncology protocol system launched across Australia in 2005 (http://www.eviq.org.au). We evaluated eviQ use at the point‐of‐care and determined the factors impacting on its uptake and routine use in the first three years of operation.


The breeding biology of the bank vole was studied in northern and southern populations in Sweden in the years 1973–76. Trapped specimens supplied organ weights and histological data, which were utilized to describe the breeding season, number and size of litters, reproductive losses, spermatogenesis, and sexual maturation. In the north the populations are cyclic. During the increase phase of the cycle the breeding season was long, litter sizes and gonad weights were large, and there was maturation of yearlings in the summer. During the peak phase reproduction was impaired in all these respects. In southern Sweden there was no cyclicity, and the reproductive events varied less, but in 1976 the litters were larger than usual and the season was much extended.

In the south the voles born during the early part of the season regularly became sexually mature during their first summer. The differences in reproductive biology are related to population dynamics and discussed in terms of different hypotheses concerning vole population cyclicity.


Sterile suspensions of membrane fragments derived from Escherichia coli remove oxygen rapidly and efficiently from many bacteriological media. The membranes are stable, nontoxic, and active in both solid and liquid media. Oxygen removal by the membrane fractions is a result of the presence off a cytochrome-based electron transport system that transfers hydrogen from suitable donors in the bacteriological media to oxygen, producing water as an end product. Using membrane-supplemented media, we have grown 18 species of anaerobic bacteria. For some of these organisms, membrane-containing media allow more rapid and luxuriant growth than can be achieved in media supplemented with the more commonly used but nonspecific reducing agents such as sodium thioglycollate.


LNS8801 is a novel, orally bioavailable, small-molecule agonist of the G Protein Coupled Estrogen Receptor (GPER) being developed for the treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and other advanced cancers. Women have a lower incidence and improved clinical outcomes for most cancer types, including PDAC. The mechanistic basis for this sex difference is unknown. We hypothesized that estrogen signaling may be responsible, despite the fact that PDAC lacks classic nuclear estrogen receptors. Here we used murine syngeneic tumor models and human xenografts to determine that agonizing GPER on tumor cells inhibits PDAC. Systemically administered GPER agonists were well tolerated, induced tumor regression, significantly prolonged survival, and markedly increased the efficacy of PD-1 targeted immune therapy. Complete responses, observed with the GPER agonist alone or in combination with PD-1 targeted immune therapy, were associated with durable immune memory that protected against tumor rechallenge. Activation of GPER depleted c-Myc and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and increased tumor cell immunogenicity. These data, coupled with the wide tissue distribution of GPER and previous work showing that GPER activation inhibits other cancer types, suggest that GPER agonists may be useful against a range of cancers that are not classically considered sex hormone responsive, and that arise in tissues outside of the reproductive system. Citation Format: Christopher Natale, Jinyang Li, Tzvete Dentchev, Brian Capell, John Seykora, Ben Stanger, Todd Ridky. Pharmacologic activation of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor inhibits pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Advances in Science and Clinical Care; 2019 Sept 6-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(24 Suppl):Abstract nr B21.


CD4+ T-helper 17 (Th17) T cells are important in the regulation of protective immunity during infection and in self-tolerance/autoimmunity. Th17 cells, through the secretion of IL-17, act in promotion of inflammation and are thus a major potential therapeutic target in autoimmune disorders. Recent reports show that the IL-17 family cytokines, IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-17AF, can directly act on CD4+ T-cells, inducing functional changes in these cells. Here we show that functional and transcriptomic changes were preferentially induced in naïve CD4+ T-cells, but not in memory CD4+ T-cells. As early as 48 hours post-IL-17 exposure, naïve cells showed transcriptome changes, whereas memory cells remained unaffected as late as 7 days. The functional differences occurred despite similar IL-17RC and IL-17RA receptor expression on these subsets. Also, the differential IL-17-mediated changes in naïve, but not memory, cells occurred even in transwell/co-culture systems, with each subset maintaining its respective functional phenotype. Notably, there were differences in downstream transcriptional signaling by the three IL-17 cytokines. The IL-17AF heterodimer conferred both the greatest transcriptional change and most altered functional consequences. Detailed analysis of the transcriptome provides important insights into the genes and pathways that are altered as a result of IL-17-induced signaling and may serve as targets of future therapies.
 This work was supported, in part, by grant awards from the NIH to N.J.K. (R01 AI121567) and N.B. (F30 CA29655).


Data are presented and discussed on spatial and temporal variability in the occurrence of liver nodules/tumors (putative neoplastic and neoplastic lesions) in dab (Limanda limanda )and flounder from Dutch waters. Spatial variability in the prevalence of liver nodules/tumors in both species, but particularly in flounder, suggests an association with pollution. Nevertheless, the aetiology of the disease is probably complex, with chemical pollution only one of many causal factors.


This project is a result of a marriage between two independent activities that existed for quite some time within two collaborative groups: (1) the development of a mechanical linkage device and its utilization to test externally the flexibility characteristics of the ankle complex under load; (2) the development of an MR imaging and image analysis methodology to characterize the internal 3D movements of bones of the ankle complex. In the resulting methodology, which we term stress MRI (sMRI for short), the ankle is MR imaged in various foot configurations while held in place by the linkage device with controlled load proven to detect hindfoot instability. Subsequently the acquired images are subjected to a series of image processing and analysis steps to yield a set of parameters to describe the morphology, architecture, and kinematics of the bones of the ankle complex. These parameters are computed from images acquired for 14 normal ankles (of 7 subjects, including the left and the right ankle) and for 8 cadaveric ankles, the latter in five different situations consisting of intact ankle, two ligaments - the CFL and ATFL - sectioned serially, and then after the two ligaments are surgically reconstructed by using two procedures. The results indicate that (i) there is considerable left-to-right symmetry in the ankles; (ii) ligament damage causes a few parameters to change significantly; (iii) both ankle and subtalar motions occur in inversion and anterior drawer; (iv) in vitro motion is generally greater than in vivo motion; (v) the surgical procedures are effective in achieving normalcy, yet there are differences in their performance.


syndrome originally described by Marfan (1896) under the name was subsequently called syndrome", but suggested the term because of the spider-like appearance of the extended fingers.


Introduction The aim of the study was to detect the saliva chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 13 (CXCL13), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), and interleukin 35 (IL-35) levels in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and pSS-associated interstitial lung disease (pSS-ILD), and to explore the relationship between CXCL13, MIF, IL-35 levels, and disease severity. Material and methods ESSDAI score was used to evaluate the disease activity of pSS patients, and the levels of CXCL13, MIF and IL-35 in saliva of subjects were detected and analyzed, and the relationship between CXCL13, MIF, IL-35 and the occurrence of pSS was evaluated. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between CXCL13, MIF, IL-35 and ESSDAI score. ROC curve analysis was conducted to assess the diagnostic value of CXCL13, MIF, IL-35 and their combined application in pSS. Results The levels of CXCL13, MIF, and IL-35 in saliva were positively correlated with ESSDAI score. Saliva CXCL13 and IL-35 are risk factors for the development of pSS into pSS-ILD. The ROC curve shows that the combination of saliva CXCL13, MIF and IL-35 has the highest diagnostic efficiency for pSS-ILD. Conclusions CXCL13, MIF and IL-35 are related to the activity of pSS, and the combined diagnosis of these three indexes is expected to be an important method to predict the occurrence and development of pSS.


Properly phased combinations of images reconstructed from holograms recorded at several wave numbers suppress interobject multiple scattering, self-interference, and the troublesome holographic twin image. When applied to point-source electron holographies, this solves the long-standing problem of electron multiple scattering confusing the determination of surface structure; when applied to in-line holograms of any kind it solves the classical problem of twin images which dates from the original work of D. Gabor.


Energy Awareness and Scheduling in Mobile Devices and High End Computing Sachin S. Pawaskar, Ph.D. University of Nebraska, 2013 Advisor: Dr. Hesham Ali In the context of the big picture as energy demands rise due to growing economies and growing populations, there will be greater emphasis on sustainable supply, conservation, and efficient usage of this vital resource. Even at a smaller level, the need for minimizing energy consumption continues to be compelling in embedded, mobile, and server systems such as handheld devices, robots, spaceships, laptops, cluster servers, sensors, etc. This is due to the direct impact of constrained energy sources such as battery size and weight, as well as cooling expenses in cluster-based systems to reduce heat dissipation. Energy management therefore plays a paramount role in not only hardware design but also in user-application, middleware and operating system design. At a higher level Datacenters are sprouting everywhere due to the exponential growth of Big Data in every aspect of human life, the buzz word these days is Cloud computing. This dissertation, focuses on techniques, specifically algorithmic ones to scale down energy needs whenever the system performance can be relaxed. We examine the significance and relevance of this research and develop a methodology to study this phenomenon. Specifically, the research will study energy-aware resource reservations algorithms to satisfy both performance needs and energy constraints. Many energy management schemes focus on a single resource that is dedicated to real-time or nonreal-time processing. Unfortunately, in many practical systems the combination of hard and soft real-time periodic tasks, a-periodic real-time tasks, interactive tasks and batch tasks must be supported. Each task may also require access to multiple resources. Therefore, this research will tackle the NP-hard problem of providing timely and simultaneous access to multiple resources by the use of practical abstractions and nearoptimal heuristics aided by cooperative scheduling. We provide an elegant EAS model which works across the spectrum which uses a run-profile based approach to scheduling. We apply this model to significant applications such as BLAT and Assembly of gene sequences in the Bioinformatics domain. We also provide a simulation for extending this model to cloud computing to answers "what if" scenario questions for consumers and operators of cloud resources to help answers questions of deadlines, single v/s distributed cluster use and impact analysis of energy-index and availability against revenue and ROI.


The purpose of the article is to analyze the key concepts of Mao Zedong's theory of "new democracy". For this purpose, the author chooses the cognitive understanding of ideology as a methodological guideline, first, the structural-morphological approach of M. Freeden, which allows us to characterize the core of ideology considering its adjacent and peripheral concepts. Relying on the analysis of Mao's texts of the 1920-40 period, the author shows how an ideological construct is formed in the discourse of the leader of the Chinese Communists, which later became known as the "theory of new democracy". The article reveals the meaning of the concepts that make up the core of this theory: the Sinification of Marxism, revolutionary war and new democracy. At the same time, the author also emphasizes the role of adjacent concepts that allow revealing the general meaning of the "new democracy": classes and class struggle, agrarian revolution, Chinese nation, Chinese people, united national front, hegemony, etc.


We present a "pedestriann approach to some aspects of the the- ory of infinite dimensional Lie groups which is currently applied in mathe- matical physics. Infinite dimensional Lie groups and Lie algebras play an increasing role in today's mathematical physics. In classical continuum physics it started with the seminal paper of Arnold on the hydrodynamics of incompressible fl~ids'3~ and later on, an infinite dimensional Hamiltonian formalism was applied to plasma physics3$4. In the study of nonlinear completely integrable systems of the Lax type, a connection was discovered with Kirillov's orbit method in representation theory and provided more geometric in~i~ht~>~. In gauge field theory, symmetry groups must be extended by the group of gauge transforrnations and this led to a geometric interpretation of anomalie~~?~. In two-dimensional conformally invariant quantum field theory, with its outstanding successes in statistical mechanics, the (extended) Virasoro algebra classifies possible model~~l'~. More specifically, in string theory the infinite dimensional Kahler structure of coset spaces of diffeomorphism groups provides a quantisation scheme for the (bosonic closed) string field the~ry"~'~?'~. From the mathematical point of view, a rigorous theory of infinite dimensional Lie groups requires powerful tools from functional analysis and group theory. Lie groups modelled locally on Banach or Hilbert spaces do not cover many inter- esting examples such as the diffeomorphism groups. These are locally modelled on Frechet spaces and are studied as inverse limits of Banach or Hilbert spaces


According to the feature of measuring gear integrated error, the meshing characteristic of small pressure angle worm to gear is discussed, based on helical gear meshing theory, which affords theoretic base for studying the measuring gear integrated error with small pressure angle worm. On the basis of meshing rule and characteristic of small pressure angle worm to gear, the helix error rule of small pressure angle worm is proposed, which provides theory foundation for error compensation in the course of measuring.


No, that's oxytocin, you dope. This is the time released formulation of the semi-synthetic opioid oxycodone, marketed by Purdue Pharma, which stands accused of unleashing the US's opioid epidemic. That's the one that's been estimated to have cost the US economy $504bn (£361bn; €410bn) in 2015 and been involved in 42 249 deaths in the US in 2016.1

Purdue is also targeted in more than 200 lawsuits for fraudulent marketing of its pill. And it has been named in a Senate report …


Background: Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in individuals over 50 years in developed countries. The objective was to study the effect of intravitreal bevacizumab in patients of choroidal neovascular membrane of eye by visual acuity and fluorescence angiography photograph. Methods: Non-randomized, open label, prospective analysis of 30 eyes in 30 patients with choroidal neovascualr diagnosed by direct ophthalmoscope and slit lamp 90D biomicroscopy. Visual acuity of the clinically diagnosed patient was taken by ETDRS (early treatment diabetic retinopathy system) visual acuity chart. Fundus fluorescence angiography was done by topcon retinal camera. Now all patients regardless of type were given 3 injections of 0.05 ml of injection bevacizumab intravitreally at infratemporal site 3.5 mm and 4 mm away from the limbus in pseudophakic and phakic eye repectively at interval of 1 month. After 1 month of last dose, patient was assessed with ETDRS chart for visual acuity, FFA for anatomical changes.  FFA was done before and after giving 3 injection of bevacizumab at monthly interval. Patients were asked for regular follow-up and patients were examined after 6 hours, 48 hours and 7 days for any early and late complications. Results: There was significant improvement of visual acuity after intravitreal bevacizumab treatment (before 1.196 log MAR and after 0.95067 log MAR with p value is 0.0001, paired t-test with t=6.333 with 29 degree of freedom) in cases of choroidal neovascular membrane. Gain in visual acuity was accompanied by a significant decrease in leakage in fluorescein angiography (FFA) Conclusions: We present evidence that intravitreal bevacizumab is an effective treatment for choroidal neovascular membrane.


The aim of our study was to examine war pictures rewarded by the prominent foundation World Press Photo. Direct and indirect the foundation displays pictures to Western audience, pictures that are ...


Bareket Falk Brock University aaa How many times have you been confronted by the statement that resistance training is unsafe for growing children, due to the susceptibility of their growing bones or connective tissue to injury? How many times have you tried to explain that it is an unfounded myth? I have lost count . . . . In every one of my courses, I strive to dispel this apparent myth. I refer to numerous position or consensus statements of reputable professional organizations (2,4–6,9), which actually advocate for resistance training in childhood. In all of these statements, resistance training is cited as safe for children and adolescents, as it is for mature adults. But is it? What are those statements based on? To a great extent, they rely on the fact that prospective studies of resistance training in children and adolescents rarely report any such injuries or adverse events. Most reports of resistance-training-related injuries stem from retrospective studies or anecdotal reports. There is a saying that "the plural of anecdote is not data." Actually, it is data. But is it reliable and valid evidence? A retrospective study that analyzed "weightlifting"-related emergency-room visits between 2002 and 2005 found children to incur less sprains and strains compared with adults. However, children sustained more accidental injuries, due to improper weights and equipment handling (12). The authors reasonably argued that the accidental injuries could be prevented with proper supervision. The relevant question is notwhether there is a risk of injury for children and adolescents in resistance training, or any sport or physical activity for that matter. There is some inherent risk of an adverse event in any physical activity. Given proper supervision, there are two pertinent questions in this regard:


The concentrations of the toxic elements As, Cd, Cr, Hg and V in soil and tailings samples from the Bibiani mining area in the Western Region of Ghana have been measured using Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) with the aim of assessing the impact of mining activity on the Bibiani mining environment. All samples and standards were irradiated with thermal neutrons in the Ghana Research Reactor-1 (GHARR-1) facility at the Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, Kwabenya-Ghana, followed by counting with a conventional counting system. The concentrations of the elements measured in the soil were in the ranges: As, 0.46-996mg/kg; Cd, 0.69-4.15mg/kg; Hg, 0.01-0.06mg/kg and V, 60-204mg/kg. In the tailings, the concentrations of the elements were in the following ranges: As, (2.70-3.50)×10^3mg/kg; Cd 1.35-3.36mg/kg; Cr, 19-87mg/kg; Hg, 0.01-0.02mg/kg and V, 48-93mg/kg. The soils were near neutral and reducing (except sample LS, taken from Lineso, a galamsey mining area which had a pH of 4.99) with pH ranging from 4.99 to 7.54 and an average Eh of -64 mV, as were the tailings with pH ranging from 6.63 to 7.62 with an average Eh of -53 mV. Very high levels of As were measured in the tailings and some soil samples very close to the tailings dams of the Central African Goldmine, as well as some areas that used to be galamsey mining areas. This gives the indication that the tailings dams and galamsey mining activities might be the source of As pollution in the area. It was also realized that high levels of the elements As, and V occurred generally in both the soil and tailings samples. The levels of As in the tailings were far higher than in the soil whilst the levels of V in the soil were higher than those in the tailings. The levels of Cr measured in the tailings were quite high but our inability to measure Cr in the soil makes it difficult for us to tell whether these levels have in anyway influenced the levels of Cr in the soil. On the contrary, the levels of Cd and Hg in both soil and tailings samples were relatively low and therefore, did not give any indication of contribution from mining activities, especially large scale mining which was the main focus of this study.


Essential oil is one of the natural compounds from plant extract that has the potential as a natural antibacterial for inhibiting the hydrolysis of urea compound into ammonia gas in livestock wastes. This research aims to measure antibacterial effects of Maja Fruits Extract (MFE) on Escherichia coli and its potential as a urease inhibitor in excreta medium. MFE was extracted using Maceration method. The results indicated that antibacterial activity of MFE was low or resistant, with the biggest diameter of inhibition zone occurred on agar medium was 14.26 ± 0.75 mm. The antibacterial ability of MFE with an addition of 3% (v/v) in liquid medium gave the lowest graph of bacterial growth. MFE has the potential as an antibacterial and urease inhibitor compound, which could be applied to inhibit the hydrolysis of urea by microorganisms so that it can reduce the emission of ammonia gas from livestock wastes, especially chicken excreta.


Dipyrrin based luminophores are of major interest in different areas of chemistry, material science and molecular biology. Vast variety of the structures with dipyrrin motif were synthesized and investigated up to date. Modern trend in the dipyrrin chemistry is the aimed functionalization of the ligand or complex structure allowing to gain the mechanism based on supramolecular interactions for controlling spectral and photophysical characteristics of compounds for tuning practically valuable properties for specific tasks. Presented paper summarize the results of our research group, working in the field of dipyrrin complexes with p-elements: synthesis, spectral characteristics evaluation and possibilities of practical application investigation. Discussion is focused on the opportunities of molecules preorganization for achieving the supramolecular interactions causing the tuning of fluorescence of the compounds in solutions, polymeric matrices and thin films.


The purpose of this paper is to classify surfaces in Euclidean 3space with constant Gaussian curvature which admit non-trivial oneparameter families of isometric immersions preserving the mean curvature function. It is shown that the Gaussian curvature must be zero and, if the mean curvature is not constant, then such isometric immersions are some deformations of the cylinder over a logarithmic spiral.


Situations exist, as in the biological example of discriminant analysis for natural hybridization, cited in the text, where (a) not all populations have equal variances, and (b) comparisions based on single degrees of freedom must be planned. This paper presents a statistical methodology of estimating discriminant functions for linear comparisons among k(<2) multivariate normal populations, and of testing their significance, when these populations have unequal covariance matrices.


Introduction: Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG) is a common early pregnancy syndrome that usually occurs around 6 weeks of pregnancy. The patient may cause dehydration, electrolyte metabolism disorders and abnormal fat metabolism, causing increased risk of pregnancy-induced. Objective: The effects of vitamin B and acupressure application combined with psychological adjuvant therapy on vomiting symptoms and mental health in pregnant women with severe vomiting. Methods: Study Type: Randomized Control Trial Duration of Study: Twelve Months from January 2019 to December 2019 Sampling Technique: The data has been collected from the subject index coming to the gynecology OPD of Gulab Devi Teaching Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. Control group: aged 20 to 37 years, with an average of (26.12±2.44) years; 8 to 17 weeks of gestation, with an average of (9.18±1.77) weeks. Sample Selection Inclusion Criteria: All persons who have 1) meet the diagnostic criteria for HG; 2) 20 to 40 years of age; 3) both signed informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: vomiting caused by medical diseases such as hydatidiform mole, gastrointestinal disease, viral hepatitis, cholecystitis. This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Gulab Devi Teaching hospital. Pregnant women who were enrolled were divided into control group and experimental group according to the random number table method, with 48 cases in each group. Study Tools: Questionnaire and Interview Sample size (n)=96. Results: After 7 days of treatment the effective percentage rate in the experimental group was higher as compare to the control group in terms of clinical efficacy, SAS and SDS scores, antiemetic and hospitalization time and cost was much lower and within limits in the experimental group as compare to control group. Discussion: In addition to physiological treatment such as fluid replacement, psychological treatment should not be ignored. Conclusion: vitamin B6 and acupressure application combined with psychological adjunctive treatment of HG had a significant effect and could significantly relieve pregnant women Anxiety, depression and promote the recovery of pregnant women.


The stationary spectra of current‐driven ion‐acoustic turbulence in a magnetized plasma (with the electron drift velocity vd along B0) are studied within the framework of quasilinear theory. In particular, a plasma with strongly magnetized electrons (ωce>kdvTe) and unmagnetized ions (ω>ωci) well above the threshold of instability (vd/vTe≫vs/vTe, νin/ωpi) is considered. It is found that the waves are mainly excited in a narrow angular region almost perpendicular to vd (i.e., cos θ≂vs/vd≪1), which is in agreement with experimental results by Gekelman and Stenzel [Phys. Fluids 21, 2014 (1978)] and Batanov et al.


The Notebook of Belonging engages with and contributes distinct values in relation to connection, belonging and narrative. Its 'Voice' situates an ontological approach originating from familial and cultural traditions. Multifaceted, it speaks to Western intellectual values, Aboriginality and the transformative nature of silence.
Primarily a practise-based creative nonfiction project, the Notebook of Belonging has an embedded exegetical commentary. The exegetical cannot be sliced away at either end without weakening the centre; the centre is not as strong without the exegetical. In this way, there are tensions and there are alignments in how book learnt interacts with oral story. The authority of book knowledge in relation to oral traditions is contested here.
The Notebook of Belonging presents knowledge imparted in oral story-telling whereby belonging and connection exist through a shared understanding of the interconnected nature of life and being. Oral story uses silence, repetition and reflection. The use of silence, repetition and reflection imparts knowledge in a non-linear and circular process. Replicating this non-linear, circular approach, the Notebook of Belonging is composed of a fragmented, discontinuous narrative, moving back and forth through time, recounting events in a non-linear order, where the multidimensional nature of time and story are always in dialogue, as they are in life.
The intention is to show a constellation of belonging both conceptual and tangible; situated between European and Kamilaroi understandings. The idea of creating a constellation using a discontinuous narrative is also informed by Walter Benjamin's One-Way Street (2016). Benjamin showed how a fragmented text creates subliminal connections between textual passages, complimented by explicit themes, formal echoes and rhymes; all of these may be structured in such a way to convey a constellation of meaning to the reader (Benjamin, 2016, p. 7). Individual fragments work as philosophical miniatures rather than snap shots. Moments from life recounted in the Notebook of Belonging focus on connection not rupture, informed and in response to Roland Barthes' Camera Lucida (2010) which presents the concept of the studium and the punctum in relation to the photographic image. The studium is the public broad range of meaning associated with the image. The punctum, on the other hand, is the private association the viewer has with the image. It is conjured by the spectator's own experience. It is unexpected and consequently remembered (Barthes, 2010, p. 26).
Other writers encountered in this research include: Nicholas Rothwell, Ngarta Jinny Bent et al, Kim Scott, Jeanette Winterson, and Helene Cixous. Their works investigate oral story as well as the power of narrative and literature.


The characteristic and design principle basis of BDF cast-in-place hollow floor slab were introduced.Taking some cable office building in Fengnan region Tangshan city as example,the construction procedure,practice design,and points for attention in construction of BDF girderless hollow floor slab were explained,so as to accumulate experiences for similar design and construction of engineering.


By use of high-resolution scanning electron microscopy and electron probe X-ray microanalysis, the surface structure of RuO2–IrO2-TiO2/Ti electrodes has been clarified. It is composed of highly grown Ti-deficient crystallites and ultrafine Ti-rich oxide particles of 5—20 nm in diameter, forming a porous structure.


This paper describes test techniques used to obtain data in the 0.3-m Transonic Cryogenic Tunnel. Main sections include steady aerodynamic testing, unsteady aerodynamics, non-intrusive measurements, tunnel performance, and fluid mechanics. Test techniques with adequate previous documentation are briefly presented and referenced, and those for which no documentation yet exists are more thoroughly discussed. Attention is given to the model building and instrumentation technology necessary for testing at high Reynolds numbers in the presence of free transition. It is concluded that the testing techniques thus far demonstrated in the 0.3-m TCT are on par with modern transonic tunnels, and that the specialized techniques needed to exploit the advantages of cryogenic operation can be realized.