The heating mathematical model of flux cored wire extension was founded.The temperature distribution rule of flux cored wire extension was measured and calculated when welding parameters were different.The resistance heat made flux cored wire extension heated and the arc heat made flux cored wire melted and the droplet overheated.The influence of shunting current of the flux powder in flux cored wire and arc heat on the heating mathematical model of flux cored wire extension was little and could be ignored when the diameter of flux cored wire is 1.2mm.The thermal dynamics of flux cored wire was analysed with thermogravimetry analysis(TGA)and differential thermal analysis(DTA).The resistant heat caused the decomposition of fluoride compounds,the loss weight of flux cored wire,the oxidization of the Fe-alloy and increment weight of flux cored wire during heating process.The oxidization of the Fe-alloy caused that the transfer efficiency of alloy element became lower and influenced the chemical composition and mechanical properties of weld metal.


A new text encryption algorithm which is based upon a combination between Self-Synchronizing Stream Cipher and chaotic map has been proposed in this paper. The new algorithm encrypts and decrypts text files of different sizes. First of all, the corresponding ASCII values of the plain text are served as input to the permutation operation which diffuses the positions of these values by using hyper-chaotic map. Secondly, the result values are input to substitution operation via1D Bernoulli map. Finally, the resultant vales are XOR feedback with the key.The proposed algorithm has been analyzed using a number of tests and the results show that it has large key space, a uniform histogram, low correlation and it is very sensitive to any change in the plain text or key.


Introduction: Erythropoietin stimulating agents (ESAs) are first-line therapy for International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS)-low risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) when symptomatic anaemia (Hb <10 g/dl) is associated with serum erythropoietin (EPO) <500 mU/mL. Treatment response rate, according to international working group (IWG) response criteria (1- 5), ranges from 40 to 60%.
 Attempts have been made to build prognostic scores (integrating transfusion need, erythropoietin level, R-IPSS and ferritin) able to predict response to ESAs (6-7). No data concerning the predictive value of morphological and immunohistochemical analysis on bone marrow biopsy in low risk MDS patients are emerged till now.
 Methods: We retrospectively examined 96 IPSS low/int-1 MDS patients treated with ESAs in order to evaluate the morphological and immunohistochemical features of the bone marrow biopsies performed at baseline.
 All the patients had hemoglobin (Hb) ≤10 g/dL and serum EPO <500 mU/mL and received EPO alfa or β 40 000-80 000 IU/week for at least 12 weeks. Response to ESAs treatment was evaluated according to IWG 2006 criteria.
 A detailed analysis of the morphological features (including quantitative and qualitative changes in the erythroid, myeloid and megakariopoyetic lineages) was performed, together with an immunohistochemical evaluation of p53 expression and CD34-positive blasts percentage.
 Results: Sixty-eight percent of the patients were classified as responder while 32% as non-responder. The morphologic profiles of the responder and non-responder did not differ significantly.
 A significant correlation was found between the response to the therapy and a percentage of CD34-positive blasts > 3% (univariate analysis: p= .0211).
 Moreover p53 expression in less than 1% of the nucleated cells correlated with the treatment response (univariate analysis: p = .0086). These results were also confirmed on multivariate analysis (p= .002).
 Fifty-eight percent of patients maintained response to ESAs for the entire duration of the follow up while 42% lost the response (median follow up: 35 months). More than 3% CD34-positive blasts was associated with a higher probability to lose the response to ESAs (p = .00003).
 Kaplan-Meier method was than applied to estimate the response duration. Patients with more than 3% CD34-positive blasts showed earlier loss of response in comparison with those with a lower percentage of blasts (p value= .0003; HR=3.9, IC 95% 1.8154-8.6238).
 Finally, the expression of p53 in more than ≥ 1% of the nucleated cells correlated with the loss of response before 24 mounts (p value= 0.029).
 Conclusions: Our study identifies 2 well-known parameters that could be useful to better predict outcome of ESAs therapy in low risk MDS patients. Therefore role of bone marrow biopsy together with its diagnostic contribution in the clinical evaluation of MDS patients (cellularity, morphologic dysplasia, percentage of CD34-positive blasts, grading of bone marrow fibrosis) could be helpful as a predictive tool in ESAs candidate patients. Further studies based on larger series of patients are needed to confirm these preliminary results.

 Reda: Gilead: Consultancy; ABBVIE: Consultancy; Janssen and Cilag: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy. Riva:Jannsen and Cilag: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy. Molteni:Janssen and Cilag: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy; Italfarmaco: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy; AMGEN: Consultancy. Cortelezzi:abbvie: Consultancy; novartis: Consultancy; roche: Consultancy; janssen: Consultancy.


In this population-based analysis, the rate of surgical procedures decreased during the COVID period with hospitals rapidly reducing ambulatory and in-patient elective procedures in response to government directives. However, the observed and unexpected large reduction in urgent surgical procedures highlights the need to prioritize access to care for patients with emergency surgical conditions as part of pandemic planning.


One of the common methods used to investigate the nuclear structures of atomic nuclei is the nuclear shell model. Similar to the placement of atomic electrons into orbits, in the nuclear shell model, protons and neutrons are thought to fill the orbits within the nucleus, following the principle of Pauli's exclusion. These orbits are grouped together to form shells, which are said to be closed if all possible places in a shell are full. Atomic nuclei with closed shells are very stable and valence nucleons that are more than these nuclei are included in the nuclear shell model calculations. In this study, the nuclear shell model was used to investigate the nuclear structure of even-even Ne nuclei by considering the 16O core as a closed shell nuclei. Single particle orbits d5/2, s1/2 and d3/2 are taken into account and different parameter sets are used for two-body interactions between valance nucleons. The results were compared with each other and with current literature values. It was seen that the closest results to the experimental values were obtained with parameter sets of usdb and sdnn.


In this paper we introduce a new model for composing objects from individual features in a fully exible and modular way Its main advantage is that di erent objects can be created just be selecting the desired features In addition there may be dependencies or interactions between features i e some feature must behave di erently in the presence of another one We present a modular solution to such feature interactions by lifting functions of one feature to the context of the other This extends the idea of overwriting methods in inheritance but is modular We will introduce the model by comparing it to inheritance although it is not our goal to extend inheritance with all its ingredients from object oriented programming languages Instead we view inheritance as a mechanism to derive new modules from old ones First we need to clarify the basic concept a feature or component


GaN and other nitride-based compound semiconductors have much potential on optical and high-frequency electronic devices [1]. Especially, GaN has advantages of wide band gap (3.4 eV), excellent chemical and thermal stability. The c-plane sapphire is usually employed as a substrate in the growth of GaN epilayer; however, the thermal conductivity of sapphire is undesirable. Besides, Si (111) substrates have attractive properties in good thermal, electrical conductivity and low cost. So far, devices of GaN on Si substrates have been achieved, including light emitting diode [2][3], photodetector [4] and filed-effect transistor [5]. However, it has been known that the lattice mismatch between GaN and Si substrate is as high as 17% leading to thermal-induced cracks in the grown GaN films [6] The lattice constant of CrN is between GaN and Si, the rock-salt structure of CrN could reduce dislocation originated from lattice mismatch [10]. Additional, its chemical property is notable that could dissolve in specific acidic solution [7], this property could realize the chemical lift-off (CLO) in the device process without laser lift-off (LLO). Recently, application of CLO to GaN-based vertical light emitting diode (V-LED) on sapphire substrates has been reported [8]. In this work, we study the characteristics of GaN films grown on Si substrates grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) with a CrN interlayer deposited by RF-sputter deposition.


* The Journey of Discovery * Laying the Foundation * The Spirit and the Sword: Combats Tragic Legacy * The Fabric of Treatment: Uncovering the Hidden Depths of Pain * The Many Faces of Fear: Phobias and Panic Attacks * When Terror Stalks the Night: Sleep Disorders and Childhood Trauma * The Ties That Bind: Disorders of Attachment * Healing the Ravages of Rape * Laying Grief to Rest * Breaking the Iron Grasp of Addiction * The Final Doorway: Facing Disease, Disability and Death * Visions of the Future: EMDR Interventions Around the World


Mental disorders are a health problem that is still very important to note, it is because the patient does not have the ability to assess the reality of the poor. Symptoms and signs exhibited by people with mental disorders include cognitive disorders, thought process disturbance, disturbance of consciousness, emotional disturbances, the ability to think, and strange behavior. Cases of mental illness in Sukoharjo region in 2013 amounted to 2537 people (DHO Sukoharjo). While data from PHC Kartasura, in 2013 there were 362 patients who experienced a psychotic mental disorders with the potential amount of spread in the village Kartasura the number of 96 patients, the village Makamhaji the number 107 and in the village of Pucangan of 34 patients who made visits to the clinic. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of the role of the family and the problems of people with mental disorders in the District Kartasura. This study is a qualitative study using a phenomenological approach. Intake of informants in this study using purposive sampling technique with the number 5 with the criteria informants family of people with mental disorders. Analysis of data using models Miles and Huberman. Based on the research results, the authors conclude that : (1) Most of the family's role goes well, but there is one family that does not function well which caused mental disorders in one of the family members because the family did not give affection to their children, shouting at her and could not provide for the family (2) The problems occur in families that have a family member suffering from a mental disorder such as death of a family member, previous families have relatives who are mentally handicapped and low economic circumstances.


Abstract-Simultaneous usage of multiple channels in vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETS) has strong impacts on the communication range of the adjacent channel caused by adjacent channel interference (ACI). This is a big issue in dual radio environments where the distance between the interfering and receiving radio is low. To enhance the communication range on the service channel 2 (SCH2) while using the adjacent control channel (CCH) simultaneously we introduce 3CSMA/CA. It allows to synchronize the transmissions on SCH2 regarding a defined radius of relevance by tracking signal strength of ongoing transmissions on CCH. We present the advantages of 3CSMA/CA by varying node density based on simulations and show the benefit in case no synchronization is applied.


Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors (CIS) are widely used in applications such as mobile equipment, PC cameras, and portable digital cameras due to their low power consumption and low cost. Today, CIS pixel sizes are being continuously reduced, down to the 1.0 μm level in 90-nm CMOS, as industrial applications require higher pixel density. The industry requests, however, continued good performance even when the pixel dimensions are further reduced. In particular, dark current in CIS is an important parameter that determines the image performance in low light. The dark current component can change the charge capacity in photo diodes (PD) and hence the output signal as a function of location and time (J. P. Albert, 2001 and H.-S. Philip, 1998). An increase in dark current can also affect the dynamic range due to an increase in shot noise (H.Y.Cheng, 2003). By suppressing the dark current, the fixed pattern noise of the imager and the white pixel-defects can be reduced (K. A. Parulski, 1985). Photo diodes and pixel architecture of image sensors have been optimized to reduce image artifacts and hence dark current. (N. V. Loukianova, 2003; H.I.Kwon, 2004). The key technology feature for high image-quality CMOS image sensor is the formation of a low-leakage buried photodiode with a transfer gate (TG). The buried PD is a promising concept to reduce the dark current. Many researchers reported that the vicinity of the shallow-trench isolation (STI) to the PD is the main source of dark leakage. By designing and characterizing special diode test structures, H. I. Kwon et al. (2004) demonstrated that the dark leakage decreases as the distance between STI and PD increases. Takashi Watanabe et al. (2010) showed that dark current can be improvefd by avoiding charge diffusion injection from the PD to the substrate using an optimized well structure under the PD. The effects of area, perimeter, and corner on lekage were, however, not separately investigated. The buried floating diffusion (FD), on the other side of the pass transistor, was also studied by H.I.Kwon et al. (2004) and K. Mabuchi, et al. (2004). H.I.Kwon et al. (2004) explained that


In this paper, a low computational complexity and flexible Cyclic Delay receive scheme is proposed for the receiver in the uplink, in which more than two transmit antennas is hard to locate in one mobile device. By summing up the shifted copy of the received signal at different receive antennas, the multi-path channels of the Single Input and Multiple Output (SIMO) system are cascaded into an equivalent single input and single output (SISO) Inter-Symbol-Interference (ISI) channel. Then, the full multi-path diversity gain is obtained through minimum mean square error (MMSE) equalization in frequency domain. Furthermore, the closed-form outage probability expression is derived with proposed Grassmann Manifold based Multi-Dimensional Hypergeometric Analysis (GMMDHA) method, and the diversity order is achieved by the trend of the effective diversity order when SNR approaches infinity. Finally, simulation results are given to confirm the performance of the scheme, the accuracy of the outage probability and the system diversity order.


The present invention describes a polymer film coupled to a system and method of the structure. In some cases, the polymer film for coupling to a system and method of this structure is suitable for forming a polymer film to a mounting structure of a portion of the roof structure. Specifically, the method and system of the present invention described herein are applicable to fixed external structure, for example, the photovoltaic cell is fixed to a polymer film such as a thermoplastic film.


Traffic congestion estimation in a city is an important problem which is useful to public transportation networks and even particular drivers. Its effects have been evaluated on 0.8% of Europe's GDP and that value is only going to increase. This thesis proposes a solution for said problem by using white-box classifiers. These allow the retrieval and interpretation of more information when compared to the more standard approach of stronger prediction methods. Starting on data collected by floating cars (taxis) a series of filters and discretizations are applied, re-sampling and aggregating the information. Using Classification and Regression Trees and evaluating the results in both prediction and interpretation using specific metrics, it is shown that information can be retrieved from the decision tress, by doing a statistical analysis on the feature importance as well as the thresholds of each feature that appear on said trees. The results display the hours at which congestion occurs in the center of the city and that other cells hold more importance when predicting the traffic state of a specific cell. Also, we show that the peripheral zones of the urban center provide more information to the traffic congestion estimation, as well as the main roads that lead to the urban center are more important than the roads in the urban center.


One of the most significant problems in cluster analysis is to determine the number of clusters in unlabeled data, which is the input for most clustering algorithms. Some methods have been developed to address this problem. However, little attention has been paid on algorithms that are insensitive to the initialization of cluster centers and utilize variable weights to recover the number of clusters. To fill this gap, we extend the standard fuzzy <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi>k</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="khan-ieq1-2911582.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>-means clustering algorithm. It can automatically determine the number of clusters by iteratively calculating the weights of all variables and the membership value of each object in all clusters. Two new steps are added to the fuzzy <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi>k</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="khan-ieq2-2911582.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>-means clustering process. One of them is to introduce a penalty term to make the clustering process insensitive to the initial cluster centers. The other one is to utilize a formula for iterative updating of variable weights in each cluster based on the current partition of data. Experimental results on real-world and synthetic datasets have shown that the proposed algorithm effectively determined the correct number of clusters while initializing the different number of cluster centroids. We also tested the proposed algorithm on gene data to determine a subset of important genes.


Environmental awareness and technological advancements for self-driving cars are close to making autonomous vehicles (AV) a reality in everyday scenarios and a part of smart cities' transportation systems. The perception of safety and trust towards AVs of passengers and other agents in the urban scenario, being pedestrians, cyclists, scooter drivers or car drivers, is of primary importance and the theme of investigation of many research groups. Driver-to-driver communication channels as much as car-to-driver human–machine interfaces (HMI) are well established and part of normal training and experience. The situation is different when users must cope with driverless and autonomous vehicles, both as passengers and as agents sharing the same urban domain. This research focuses on the new challenges of connected driverless vehicles, investigating an emerging topic, namely the language of driving (LoD) between these machines and humans participating in traffic scenarios. This work presents the results of a field study conducted at Tallinn University Technology campus with the ISEAUTO autonomous driving shuttle, including interviews with 176 subjects communicating using LoD. Furthermore, this study combines expert focus group interviews to build a joint base of needs and requirements for AVs in public spaces. Based on previous studies and questionnaire results, we established the hypotheses that we can enhance physical survey results using experimental scenarios with VR/AR tools to allow the fast prototyping of different external and internal HMIs, facilitating the assessment of communication efficacy, evaluation of usability, and impact on the users. The aim is to point out how we can enhance AV design and LoD communications using XR tools. The scenarios were chosen to be inclusive and support the needs of different demographics while at the same time determining the limitations of surveys and real-world experimental scenarios in LoD testing and design for future pilots.


Macedonia, with its revolutionary terrorism and sectarian violence, its cry for reforms and human rights, and its competing national movements, was the scene of frequent meddling by the Great Powers before World War I. For these and other reasons, Italian interest and activity there were on the increase. But Macedonia was then virtually unknown to Italians, and its affairs were extremely confusing. Selecting the years between the Ilinden Uprising and the Young Turk Revolution, Marco Dogo examines the early development of Italian public opinion on the Macedonian Question. The book begins by surveying Western European perceptions of Macedonia since the Crimean War. This part, almost one-fourth of the text, focuses on the writings of Edith Durham, Sir Charles Eliot, Henry Noel Brailsford, Cyprien Robert, Victor Berard, Gaston Routier, and other British and French journalists and observers. The author then examines the published writings of five Italian "experts": three journalists (one also a sociologist and future diplomat), a botanist-geographer, and a politician and future foreign minister. Although tending toward a Bulgarocentric view of the Macedonian Question, Dogo's group represents various shades of Italian opinion: anti-Austrian, antiGreek, pro-Albanian, pro-Greek, and Slavophile. Despite their Italian ethnocentrism, they were able to appreciate the difference between "Slavo-Macedonians" and "BulgaroMacedonians"—no small accomplishment for a West European before 1908. The author does a good job of identifying their shortcomings and biases and of discussing the thought of South Slavs like Jovan Cvijic and Simeon Radev as it was passed on to the Italians. Apart from some traces of Turkophobia, he also manages to avoid any ethnocentric bias of his own.


Rehabilitation researchers who investigate complex interventions are challenged to describe the "active ingredients" of their interventions: the reason(s) why a treatment is expected to be effective. Interactive Computer Play (ICP) is an emerging complex intervention in rehabilitation practice and research. The purpose of this scoping review is to identify the active ingredients of ICP interventions that are designed to improve motor outcomes in children with neuromotor impairments.


The hexane-extracted oil content of four varieties of rice ( Oryza sativa ) viz. Super Kernel, 386, 385 and Basmati, bran was ranged 14.70-19.10 %. Other physical and chemical parameters of the extracted oils were as follow: Iodine value 112.40, 109.80, 105.1 and 103.70; refractive index ( 40 °C ) 1.4650, 1.4680, 1.4657 and 1.4660; density ( 40 °C ) 0.919, 0.913, 0.909 and 0.911; saponification value 183, 177, 186 and 190; unsaponifiable matter 6.15, 5.60, 4.98 and 5.40 % respectively. Tocopherols ( α, γ and δ) in the oils were: 284.00, 175.12, 180.42, 300.06; 83.40, 98.70, 120.70, 90.60; 75.16, 57.20, 39.32, 83.00 mg/kg respectively. The contents of tocotrienols ( α, γ and δ) in the oils were: 120.30, 106.00, 95.20, 135.74; 196.00, 125.00, 210.0, 276.41; 72.50, 20.00, 39.30, 64.00 mg/kg respectively. The amount of γ - Oryzanol in the investigated oils was ranged 415.12-802.05 The induction periods (Rancimat, 20 L/h, 120 °C ) of the crude oils were 6.81, 5.99, 6.39 and 7.40 h respectively. The major sterol fractions of the oils consisted of campesterol ranged (10.10-19.20%), stigmasterol (14.00-19.28 %), b -sitosterol (49.30-58.20 %), and D5 ,avenasterol (8.14-13.05 %). The investigated varieties ( Super Kernel, 386, 385 and Basmati) of rice bran oil were found to contain high levels of oleic acid 42.67, 38.59, 40.68 and 36.78 % followed by linoleic and palmitic acids 31.58, 33.80, 28.70, 30.51 and 17.00, 14.88, 19.63, 20.00 % respectively. The contents of myristic, stearic and arachidic acids was 1.50, 2.02, 4.28, 1.00; 2.64, 2.87, 4.02, 7.48; and 1.28, 3.00, 1.00, 1.00 % respectively. A number of parameters of the investigated rice bran oils indigenous to Pakistan were comparable to those of typical rice bran and some other vegetable oils, reported in the literature. The results of the present analysis as compared with those of different vegetable oils demonstrated rice bran to be a potential oil source and thus could be useful for the establishment of a globalized database of this valuable crop.


This paper proposes a strategy of summary sentence selection by extraction for query-focused multi-document summarization.This method extracts the query related word features through the technique of query expansion,calculates the topic related feature through maximum likelihood estimation and then combines the two features to determine the importance of each word.The score of candidate sentence is set as the sum of importance of words in it,and the modified MMR technology is used to generate the final summary.Owing to the introduction to word level features,the experimental result shows a satisfactory performance in DUC 2005 corpus.


The higher vocational colleges of Xinjiang take the important responsibilities of fostering the qualified constructers and the reliable successors to socialism,so weather the talents' quality meets the requirements or not,the students' ideological and political education work is crucial. the students' ideological and political education work of the higher vocational colleges of Xinjiang should find(he corresponding countermeaaures according to the problems which are exist or will be faced with by students and in the work to students' education,so as to receive actual effect during the process of the talents cultivation


This paper attempts to summarise the results of recent British studies in the area of resuscitation decisions, and to explain the ethical and legal framework for the use of 'do not resuscitate' decisions and to give clear guidance about involving patients and relatives.


—Instream flow modeling is one tool historically used by resource managers to assess habitat suitability for aquatic species, including fish and benthic macroinvertebrates. Until recently, these methods had not been used for amphibians. Instream flow modeling requires quantitative habitat suitability criteria across a range of hydraulic conditions. We developed regional habitat suitability criteria (HSC) from data on habitat conditions at Foothill Yellowlegged Frogs (Rana boylii) oviposition and tadpole rearing locations in eight study sites in the northern Sierra Nevada mountains, California. We evaluated both univariate (percentile-based and interval-based) and multivariate logistic regression techniques for creating suitability criteria. The transferability and predictive performance of the HSC were evaluated using validation data gathered from other rivers in the Sierra Nevada and applying the criteria in a twodimensional (2D) hydrodynamic model. We evaluated conditions under which predictive performance was poor to discern the limitations of each technique. Multivariate logistic regression analyses classified the majority of the river as low suitability, and consequently produced overestimates of suitable area for egg masses and underestimates of highly suitable area for tadpoles. Univariate HSC performed well on rivers that had similar geomorphology to the study rivers. For small rivers and creeks with shallow depths and finer substrates, locally-derived HSC are needed. The percentilebased habitat suitability index (HSI) is recommended for regional habitat suitability criteria when the goal is to assess categorical levels of suitability. The interval-based HSI would be appropriate if further information on population outcomes (e.g., population trajectory, survival rates) could be quantitatively linked to fine scale gradients of suitability in hydraulic conditions. The univariate HSI are easily applied in 2D hydrodynamic models, which can provide information on oviposition and tadpole rearing conditions under various flow regimes. Managers can use HSC to make flow recommendations beneficial to R. boylii during the hydropower relicensing process.


Exafloods — the increasing amount of traffic exchanged over worldwide data networks — require optical transport networks to rapidly adapt to meet the service and capacity demands placed upon them. Innovations in optical technology enable an optimal network design to switch traffic flows in available resources at minimum cost per bit. Network management plays a key role in controlling the flexible assignment of network resources to meet traffic demands by mastering the application of optical innovations, from more scalable and agile photonic technologies to architectural solutions for the integrated control of an optical network organized on multiple layers. This paper analyzes the guidelines for an operational model for a multi-layer optical control plane, coordinated with network management applications, to efficiently cover the engineering of traffic flows, the electrical/optical restoration and protection schema, and the strategy to monitor the multi-layer network for service assurance and integrity purposes. The analysis of multi-layer integration, providing vertical scalability in terms of capability to increase network connectivity capacity, is extended to path computation elements, the network management tool enabling horizontal scalability, splitting the load of computing connectivity routes across multiple entities.


The values for available copper in ten soils of Kanpur district obtained by the five extractants viz., N neutral NH4OAc, 0.1 N HCl, 0.02 M EDTA, 1% citric acid and water were correlated with per cent yield of grain and straw of wheat var. Kalyansona as well as with the per cent uptake of Cu from applied CuSO4. N neutral NH4OAc showed the highest correlation coefficient followed by 0.2 M EDTA significant at 1% level, while 0.1 N HCl extractable Cu was significant at 5% level. The values did not approach the level of significance in case of citric acid and water. Highest response was recorded with the application of 5 kg CuSO4/ha in those soils containing less than 0.5 ppm N neutral NH4OAc extractable Cu. Extractants may be placed in the following order with regard to their suitability: N neutral NH4OAc > 0.02 M EDTA > 0.1 N HCl.


Whilst Bede's Prose Life of St Cuthbert has been several times edited and translated, and has been discussed together with his historical writings, his earlier, metrical, version of the Life has received considerably less attention. Bede worked on his Lives of Cuthbert during the periods when he was also writing his fundamental works on computus and natural philosophy. A central argument of this article is that Bede's work on these 'scientific' subjects had a significant impact on his ideas concerning sanctity and the miraculous, and that this gave him a unique approach as a hagiographer.


AFFILIATIONS: sChuster, Mayernik, hou, anD stossMeister— National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado; DoWns—Center for International Earth Science Information Network, Columbia University, Palisades, New York; kinkaDe— Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts; nguyen—Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California; raMaMurthy—University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado; Zhang—Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Douglas C. Schuster, email@example.com


The tissue water relations of Pinusponderosa Dougl. ex Laws, (ponderosa pine) and Arctostaphylospatula Greene (greenleaf manzanita) seedlings subjected to three levels of soil moisture availability were monitored over a 6-month period. Throughout the study, osmotic potentials at full turgor and at the turgor loss point were approximately 0.5 MPa greater for pine than for manzanita. Osmotic adjustment occurred for both species as evidenced by declines in osmotic potentials at full turgor and at the turgor loss point of 0.5–0.6 MPa over the study period. Pine maintained higher bulk tissue elasticity and lower water content at the turgor loss point relative to manzanita. Moisture regime had little effect on the measured parameters except for apoplasmic water content which increased at moderate and high stress levels for both species. Results suggest that osmotic adjustment occurred, at least partially, as a result of factors other than moisture availability. The lower tissue elasticity and higher water conte...


Nursing History. Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Co., 1949. 3. American Nurses Association: A Rationale for School Nurse Certification. New York, The Association, 1966. 4. U. S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare: Children. U. S. Government Printing Office, July-August 1970, p. 160. 5. Bergman, American Nurses Association: Physicians Assistants Belong in the Nursing Profession. New York, May 1971. 6. American Academy of Pediatrics: Report of 39th Annual Meeting, San Francisco, California, The Changing Patterns in Ambulatory Care, 1970. 7. Pediatric Herald: Program Trains School Nurses for New Role as Practitioners, November 1970, Pediatric Herald Publishing Co. 8. Silver, H. K.: The School Nurse Practitioner Program. JAMA, May 1971. 9. American Nurses Association: Amer. J. Nurs. March 1970, p. 448. 10. Guidelines on short-term continuing education programs for pediatric nurse associates. A joint statement of the American Nurses' Association, Division on Maternal and Child Health Nursing Practice, and the American Academy of Pediatrics. Pediatrics 47: 1075, 1971. 11. Connelly, J. P.: Nurses and pediatricians collaborate. Ibid. 47: 966, 1971.


Previous studies by, among others, Timothy Anna, Michael Costeloe, and Jorge Domínguez established that Spain lost most of its American colonies during the 1810s and early 1820s due to its failed responses to the insurgencies taking place in the region at the time. Professor Rebecca A. Earle, a lecturer in the History Department at the University of Warwick, Great Britain, joins this distinguished group of scholars in arguing that New Granada, today's Colombia, obtained its independence as a result of Spain's weakness and mistaken answers to colonial revolts. However, unlike the works of the authors mentioned above, all of which are general syntheses or comparative treatments, Earle's book is a detailed case study based upon extensive research in British, Colombian, and Spanish archives. Well documented and nicely written, the book demonstrates that Spain's economic incapacity to fund its army and its civilian bureaucracy, and the metropolis's lack of coherent strategies to respond to the revolt in colonial New Granada, ultimately led to this region's independence. Earle also emphasizes the significance of clashes and disagreements between institutions within the colonial state apparatus itself, as well as additional contributing factors such as tropical diseases that considerably weakened the armies sent from Spain in the mid-1810s to regain control over New Granada.


The aim of this study was to evaluate the assistance to a group of women. We selected eighteen users with the diagnosis of neurotic disorder related to stress and somatoforms. For the evaluation, we used the Evaluation Scale of Hamilton Anxiety (EHA). Our purpose was to verify the anxiety level before and after beginning each group session. We accomplished 16 sessions per week, developing relaxing techniques, art-therapy and as a referential the gestalt-therapy in short run. After the group sessions, the level of anxiety of the women accompanied through the group approach had significant reduction concerning the symptoms which had been relevant characteristics for their psychiatric suffering. Keywords : Mental Health, Anxiety disorders; Stress; Women; Psychotherapy group.


Background: Despite beneficial effects of physical activity on cardiovascular risk, discordant data on elite athletes (high atherosclerotic damage in activity comprising strenuous exertion) and retired sportsmen are reported in the literature. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that long-lasting daily physical activity could affect the morphology and function of the carotid and femoral vessel walls differently, as assessed in elite male athletes aged 20 to 30 years compared with age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Study Design: Retrospective case-control study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Sixty male subjects (30 athletes and 30 controls) underwent medical examination for ankle brachial index, augmentation index (AIX) and AIX corrected for heart rate (AIXr), peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT), and intima media thickness and pulse wave velocity assay at common carotid (carotid–intima media thickness [c-IMT], carotid–pulse wave velocity [c-PWv]) and femoral arteries (femoral–intima media thickness [f-IMT], femoral–pulse wave velocity [f-PWv]) assessed by ultrasonography using Doppler ultrasound. Results: Athletes showed a significantly lower heart rate (HR) at rest and a better lipid profile than controls. In athletes, c-PWv (5.87 ± 0.80 vs 6.62 ± 1.02 m/s, P = 0.001) and f-PWv (8.96 ± 1.29 vs 7.89 ± 1.39, P = 0.002) were, respectively, significantly lower and higher than values found in controls; accordingly, carotid AIX (4.03 ± 6.21 vs 7.81 ± 5.21, P = 0.003) and femoral AIX (8.56 ± 10.21 vs 6.09 ± 7.95, P = 0.042) were lower and higher than control values, even after correction for heart rate (P = 0.03). On the other hand, IMT values were significantly higher in controls than in athletes (c-IMT, P < 0.0001; f-IMT, P < 0.0001). A positive significant correlation between HR and c-IMT and f-IMT (r = 0.527, P < 0.001 and r = 0.539, P < 0.0001, respectively) and between HR and c-PWv (r = 0.410, P = 0.01) was found when controls and athletes were considered as a whole group. Soccer players showed lower PAT values in comparison with controls (P = 0.002). Conclusion: Elite sports positively affect c-IMT, f-IMT, and carotid PWv and AIX but not femoral PWv, AIX, AIXr, or PAT. Clinical Relevance: Physical activity affects vascular beds in elite athletes differentially, depending on the rate of superior or inferior limb involvement in different sports. In soccer players, physical activity has a protective effect on carotid and femoral vessel walls but worsens femoral arterial and endothelial function. These findings highlight how different results can be shown on carotid and femoral districts, when these vascular districts are differently stressed during sport activity.


In recent years, robots have increasingly been implemented as tutors in both first- and second-language education. The field of robot-assisted language learning (RALL) is developing rapidly. Studies have been published targeting different languages, age groups, and aspects of language and using different robots and methodologies. The present review presents an overview of the results obtained so far in RALL research and discusses the current possibilities and limitations of using social robots for first- and second-language learning. Thirty-three studies in which vocabulary, reading skills, speaking skills, grammar, and sign language were taught are discussed. Beside insights into learning gains attained in RALL situations, these studies raise more general issues regarding students' motivation and robots' social behavior in learning situations. This review concludes with directions for future research on the use of social robots in language education.


The aim of this dissertation is to study some of the forces behind the transformation of the 20th century industrialised countryside. The emphasis is on changes in everyday life for women and men, and the role of organisations therein. Two main questions are outlined: Which forces were central to the development of the industrial society?, and, how did the relationship between individual and society develop and change within industrial society? These two questions are inextricably linked: social change takes place in interplay with the transformation of human relations and different patterns of social life. As a starting point, economic, historical and sociological research on the organisation of the industrial society is discussed, on both macro and micro levels. Drawing on those discussions, and by using documentary sources and interviews, the empirical parts analyse a rural industrial community, Boksholm, and the relationship between its dominant social movements, i.e. the temperance and labour movements, and the management of the pulp factory, Boksholms sulfitfabrik AB. The study covers the period between 1900 and 1979. The changing relationship between those actors and organisations are studied by following the interplay between, on the one hand, the local chapters of organisations and their national offices, and, on the other hand, socio-economic and technical change, where local organisations are seen as an important link between local social practices and ideas/ideologies connected to national levels. Between 1900 and 1979, Boksholm was transformed from an isolated community with patriarchal social relations and a strong gender based division of labour into a modern welfare society. However, this profound transformation was coupled to a certain continuity. Changes in everyday life did not follow a linear and frictionless model. Instead, social change seems to be the result of the interconnected activities of many organisations and individuals. These actors and organisations acted in varied conditions and circumstances. The analysis provided is therefore one in which processes of societal change and modernisation are shown as complex and full of paradoxes.


SummaryIsotopic microvascular autotransplantation of the ovary was performed in 30 rabbits using two surgically feasible vascular anastomotic sites. Grafts were assessed by their functional morphology at laparotomy, by the response to stimulation by mating, by peripheral plasma progesterone estimations and by histological examination. Factors which influenced the functional survival of the graft were identified and their relative role defined. The relative resistance of the structure and the susceptibility of the function of the ovary to ischaemia was demonstrated. A 92 per cent patency rate and 67 per cent pregnancy rate were achieved in the group where the vessels were anastomosed near their origin. Vascular patency and pregnancy rates of 62 and 54 per cent respectively were found in the group where the anastomoses were performed near the ovary. The potential therapeutic role of ovarian autotransplantation is discussed.


Photograph of a wrought-iron bannister on the second floor of the Harrison County courthouse in Marshall, Texas. The first floor is also visible.


Qinghai Province is located in the northeastern of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,2000m~4700m above sea level,The total population is 500 million,Han population accounts for 70%,The rest are minorities.The population of Tu Nationality is least of all,and Tu Nationality is the only ethnic minority living in Qinghai province,the population is 62,881.Qinghai Province is at a high altitude,poor natural environment,low living standards,Minority health status of young people is related to the overall health of Qinghai Province,the development of young people and how to improve and enhance the living conditions of ethnic minorities and physical activity environment.In this article we have a survey between Tu and Sala young people with some of the test compared with the national Youth of the Han in 2000,which reveals Tu and Sala physical changes of adolescents,trends,find out the existence of differences and to propose a solution.


This essay identifies a blind spot in administrative law theory concerning the legitimate legal authority of administrative institutions. More specifically, the essay examines the root cause of this blind spot, arguing that it is attributable to A.V. Dicey's constitutional theory, which asserts that the English constitution rests upon the legal principles of parliamentary sovereignty and the rule of law. Dicey argued that the existence of administrative law was precluded by the nature of the English constitution, because it assigned exclusive legal authority to either Parliament or the common law courts. The essay criticizes Dicey's argument on two separate grounds. First, it argues that Dicey's theory was empirically mistaken, because it does not adequately account for common constitutional practices whereby legal authority is delegated to administrative institutions. Second, it argues that one can gain a better understanding of Dicey's theory if it is recast as a contestable political statement regarding the legitimacy of the administrative state. By engaging with Dicey's controversial ideological assumptions, we can set the stage for a more elaborate and robust constitutional theory that can better explain and justify the legitimacy of administrative authority.


A new postponed accumulation algorithm was proposed.Based on JCOGIN(J combinatorial geometry Monte Carlo transport infrastructure)framework and the postponed accumulation algorithm,the tallying function of the general purpose Monte Carlo neutron-photon transport code JMCT was improved markedly.JMCT gets a higher tallying efficiency than MCNP 4Cby 28%for simple geometry model,and JMCT is faster than MCNP 4Cby two orders of magnitude for complicated repeated structure model.The available ability of tallying function for JMCT makes firm foundation for reactor analysis and multi-step burnup calculation.


Background: Short-term or long-term physical exercise is associated with reductions in anxiety. Cerebral lateralization hypothesis predicts that anxiety reductions caused by exercise is due to decrease in right, relative to left, hemisphere activation. However, research reports on difference in anxiety reduction in response to short-term exercise are scanty. Objective: This study was aimed to compare the effect of acute bout of aerobic exercise on electroencephalographic (EEG) frontal alpha activity and anxiety between genders, and correlate between them. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on healthy 30 adult (male=15, female=15) subjects. They bicycled on automated ergometer, maintaining 50% HRmax for 20 min. EEG was recorded from frontal and occipital region (Fp, F1, F2, O1, and O2) and anxiety-scores were recorded before and after exercise. Results: Frontal EEG alpha activity power was significantly greater in females (p<0.001) than in males both in left (females=106.87±34.20 vs. males=53.68±7.90 µV 2 ) and right hemispheres (females=127.62±36.45 vs. males=48.33±8.18 µV 2 ) pre-exercise; and also in left (females=97.97±40.74 vs. males=54.12±10.73 µV 2 ) and right (females=116.01±54.70 vs. males =58.53±15.43 µV 2 ) hemispheres post-exercise. However, only males showed a statistically significant increase in right frontal activity (right=48.33±8.18 to 58.53±15.43 µV 2 , p<0.01) post-exercise. Only males showed a significant negative correlation between pre-exercise state-anxiety and right frontal alpha activity (r value= -0.634, p<0.05). Conclusions: Our study suggests that females have positive affect at rest than males. In both genders, exercise reduced anxiety scores. However, only males supported cerebral lateralization hypothesis and negative association between resting frontal asymmetry and state-anxiety. Keywords: acute aerobic exercise; anxiety; frontal alpha asymmetry; gender DOI: 10.3126/hren.v8i3.4207 Health Renaissance , September-December 2010; Vol 8 (No.3);152-157


Independent component analysis (ICA) method was applied as a processing step for Raman spectra. 136 Raman spectra were acquired from urine samples from 18 subjects. Each spectrum was acquired from different sample. 785nm, 100mW (at sample) laser with 2048 element linear silicon TE cooled CCD were used. In order to separate information of glucose, creatinine, urea nitrogen, uric acid and invaluable information from the urine spectrum, ICA by Maximum Likelihood (ML) fast fixed-point estimation algorithm was applied. By looking for maximum likelihood, independent information could be separated from the urine spectra. Among separated information, high frequency noise which could be generated by ambient noise and low frequency noise which contain information of baseline shift were observed. Additionally, peak information of each component was observed. The processing time was very short because fast fixed point algorithm was added to ML estimation method. Before applying ICA, all spectra were mean centered in order to enhance the peak information. In addition, all spectra were pre-processed to have unit variance in order to shorten calculation time. This first study about applying ICA suggested that this algorithm can be used as a pattern recognition algorithm to extract information from Raman spectra. Additionally, because ICA can provide information with statistical independency sufficiently, further studies about ICA which can substitute PCA will be performed.


When free flux flow is pushed beyond its instability, the homogeneous flow becomes spatially distorted leading to a new class of dynamic phases with steps in resistivity. At high-flux densities B, the relatively incompressible vortex matter fragments into domains of constant shear curvature, leading to a horizontal-sawtooth-shaped current-voltage characteristic. Measurements on Y 1 Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7 - Φ films confirm this behavior and are quantitatively consistent with the model, which has no adjustable parameters.


The present paper reports the results of a numerical investigation on the removal of sediment deposits in sewer system upon release of water from flushing device. A one-dimensional (1-D) model is built upon the de Saint-Venant equations for flow, the Exner equation for sediment continuity and a spatial lag equation for the nonequilibrium sediment transport. These governing equations are solved in coupled way by using a finite difference explicit scheme. The model is applied to data derived from the Tobelem sewer in Marseille. The numerical results show reasonably agreement with the available measurements.


ABSTRACT Road crashes are present as an epidemic in road traffic and continue to grow up, where, according to World Health Organization; they cause more than 1.24 million deaths each year and 20 to 50 million non-fatal injuries, so they should represent by 2020 the third leading global cause of illness and injury. In this context, we are interested in this paper to the car-following driving behavior problem, since it alone accounts for almost 70% of road accidents, which they are caused by the incorrect judgment of the driver to keep a safe distance. Thus, we propose in this paper a decision-making model based on bi-level modeling, whose objective is to ensure the integration between road safety and the reducing travel time. To ensure this objective, we used the fuzzy logic approach to model the anticipation concept in order to extract more unobservable data from the road environment. Furthermore, we used the fuzzy logic approach in order to model the driver behaviors, in particular, the normative behaviors. The experimental results indicate that the decision to increase in velocity based on our model is ensured in the context of respecting the road safety.


Background and Purpose— Few and conflicting data exist on the case fatality rate in stroke patients with basilar artery dolichoectasia. We analyzed basilar artery characteristics (diameter, height of bifurcation, transverse position) and 5-year mortality (all-cause, nonstroke vascular, and stroke) in patients with brain infarction. Methods— The basilar artery diameter was measured with a 16-diopter lens in 466 consecutively recruited patients with brain infarction confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. The height of the bifurcation and the transverse position of the basilar artery were assessed on semiquantitative scales. Patients were followed up for a median of 5.3 years (range, 1.5 to 6.6) and were classified as having had stroke, nonstroke vascular, and nonvascular death according to the French national registry of death certificates. Results— Of the 157 deaths, 88 were vascular (including 54 stroke deaths). Basilar artery diameter was associated with an increased 5-year stroke mortality rate but no...


Abstract:Experiences of the liminal spaces of 'arriving' and the structures of hospitality that frame refugee–host relations were at the heart of Cuisine ta ville (French for Cook Your City), the relational performance project of Montreal-based performance and activist group ATSA (When Art Takes Action), which took place in downtown Montreal as part of the celebrations for the city's 375th anniversary in May 2017. Cuisine ta ville temporarily transformed the Place des arts esplanade into a reimagined 'refugee camp,' inviting Montreal refugees and other Montrealers into intimate encounters organized around the sharing of soup and conversation. Refugees and their friends hosted other Montrealers in theatricalized 'soup kitchens,' and strangers were invited by 'maîtres d'hôtel' to have an exchange about the question, "How do you define the concept of home?" This article interprets the urban dramas of homemaking and hospitality that were staged in Cuisine ta ville alongside the situation of refugees in contemporary Quebec.


Biplane X-ray machine for taking X-ray images in two receiving planes (23; 24) comprising a first recording system having a first C-arm (10), a first X-ray source (12) and a first X-ray detector (14) for receiving X-ray images in a first (pick-up plane (23), a second receiving system having a second C-arm (11), a second X-ray source (13) and a second X-ray detector (15) for receiving X-ray images in a second recording layer (24), wherein the two C-arms 10; 11) are joined together such that they together form a scissor-shaped joint (16) with a common (from the cutting axis of the two receiving planes 23, having rotational axis formed 24) (a), wherein the C-arm (10; 11) in the joint (16) about the rotational axis (A) are tilted against each other and wherein the radii of the two C-arms (10; 11) are equal.


We present theoretical investigations of the superconducting state parameters (SSPs), i.e. the electron–phonon coupling strength, λ, Coulomb pseudopotential, μ*, transition temperature, Tc, isotope effect exponent, α, and effective interaction strength, N0V, of glassy superconductors by employing Ashcroft's well know empty core model potential for the first time using five screening functions proposed by Hartree (H), Taylor, Ichimaru–Utsumi (IU), Farid et al and Sarkar et al. The Tc obtained from the H and IU screening functions is found to be in excellent agreement with available experimental data. Also, the present results confirm the superconducting phase in bulk metallic glass superconductors. A strong dependency of the SSPs of the glassy superconductors on the 'Z' valence is found.


The idea of doping and chemical substitutions for bridge molecules is one of promising techniques to control the transport properties and engineering of molecular devices. In the present article, we extend this concept and propose the use of internal substitutions to detect the mechanism of ballistic and inelastic transport through molecular junctions. By performing first-principles transport calculations for several internally substituted systems, we show systematic pathway analysis of tunneling electrons and vibronic states as well as electron−phonon couplings on bridge molecules. The correlation of inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy (IETS) and Raman spectroscopy is also discussed.


To the Editor: As two of some 2,000 medical devices, the use of surgical gowns and drapes is simply one of those things that has evolved to be a standard of practice because of prudence. In 1952 it was first recognized that although the materials used for gowns and drapes were considered to provide an acceptable bacter iological ba r r i e r when dry, they lost whatever barrier capabilities they had once they became wet. And it is this principle that has become the very cornerstone of aseptic technique in terms of using gowns and drapes as aseptic barriers. In 1975 the Association of Operating Room Nurses (AORN) commendably advanced the role of gown and drape materials in terms of their contribution to aseptic technique. Specifically, t h e s e m a t e r i a l s were now required to have barrier capabilities, that is, to be resistant to blood and aqueous fluids. In acknowledging AORN's position, the American College of Surgeons' Committee on the Operating Room Environment called for the development of performance standards that would demonstrate the material's ability to perform satisfactorily. Although efforts to develop these performance standards failed, there was a consensus of opinion that readily permeable fabrics, such as the traditional all cotton Type 140 loosely woven muslin, could not be considered satisfactory aseptic barriers. Subsequently, Moylan published a study concluding that the use of nonwoven disposable barr ier surgical gowns and drapes were responsible for a reduction in the rate of surgical wound infection (SWI). Since its publication, this study has been frequently referenced by those supporting the use of barrier materials. Their position has recently been reinforced by the publication of a second study by Moylan. Overlooked in the interim, however, are the results of two other independent studies, one by Garibaldi, the other by Schaaf. Each investigator found no difference in the SWI rates when using a (disposable) barr ier gown and drape system compared with the rate reported with a (reusable) nonbarrier system. With the disclosure of these two studies challenging the influence of barrier materials on SWI rates, the question now is whether or not the infection control community is prepared to reconsider and reassess an aseptic practice that has been recommended for over a decade. It could well be that a departure from the universal application of the barrier principle, such as with general clean and clean-contaminated procedures, may not compromise the quality of care, while proving at the same time to be economically advantageous as well. A thought-provoking notion to say the least.


The existence of the intramolecular motion and the most stable structure of the paramagnetic complexes, MeCpMo(CO)3(p-benzoquinone), formed by photochemical reaction of [MeCpMo(CO)3]2 with p-benzoquinones were revealed by the EPR spectroscopic study.


In the paper,the functional requirements and the system architecture of a developing platform for embedded fault diagnosis expert system are introduced.The abstraction schemes for the data of human-machine interface and its components are analyzed.The composition of the kernel of the developing platform and its realization are given.Finally,the application modes of the embedded expert system generated by the developing platform are illustrated.


All the problems studied so far have been static or quasi-static. In any complete solution of such a problem, the stress field satisfies the equilibrium equation with the prescribed body force and the static boundary conditions with the prescribed surface tractions. The effects of inertia are neglected. In a body made of a standard perfectly plastic material, the ultimate loading is the greatest loading under which a solution to the static problem can be found such that the yield criterion is nowhere violated. If a loading in excess of the limit loading is applied, then, obviously, the static problem (in which, by definition, inertia is ignored) has no solution, and inertia effects must be taken into account. If the time of loading is short, enough of the external work may be transformed into kinetic energy so that excessive deformation is prevented; for example, when a nail is struck by a hammer, it may experience a force in excess of its static ultimate load without permanent deformation. The problem of impact or impulsive loading of structural elements such as beams, plates and shells has been most often treated within the con-stitutive framework of limit analysis: rigid–perfectly plastic behavior, with the yield criterion in terms of generalized stresses. This approach, which has been reasonably successful with regard to the determination of permanent deformations, is presented in this section; it is generally regarded as justified when the energy imparted to the body greatly exceeds the elastic energy that can be stored. If local constitutive equations are used, waves propagate through the body. The propagation of one-dimensional and mul-tidimensional waves in elastic-plastic bodies is studied in Sections 7.2 and 7.3, respectively.


Presentation failures in web applications can negatively impact users' perception of the application's quality and its usability. Such failures are challenging to diagnose and correct since the user interfaces of modern web applications are defined by a complex interaction between HTML tags and their visual properties defined by CSS and HTML attributes. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach for automatically identifying the root cause of presentation failures in web applications that uses image processing and search based techniques. In an experiment conducted for assessing the accuracy of our approach, we found that it was able to identify the correct root cause with 100% accuracy.


Meysam Mashhadikarimi, July 2017 UFRN-CCET,PPgCEM ABSTRACT The primary objective of this thesis was to obtain a triple layer polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) containing a polycrystalline diamond as top layer, a WC 10 wt% Co substrate, and a WC 20 wt% Nb/Ni interface to bond these two layers via high pressure high temperature (HPHT) sintering. To achieve this objective, the project has been done in three different stages. The first stage was producing diamond sintered body with a suitable binder, and finding the best sintering parameters. The second stage of project was done to study the WC 10 wt% Co hardmetal substrate at different sintering conditions, and the third and last stage was done according to the results achieved from previous stages to obtain a triple layer PDC. At the first stage, four different binders were used to sinter diamond under HPHT condition. Binders were Nb/Fe, Nb/Co, Nb/Ni and pure Nb and 10 wt% binder was used. Sintering was carried out at different temperature and under different pressure and holding time. Obtained samples were studies according to relative density, microstructure, and hardness to find the optimum binder and sintering parameters. Studies at this stage showed that Nb is the best binder and T=1750 °C, 7.7 GPa with holding time more than 6 minutes are the best sintering parameters. At the second stage a powder mixture of WC 10 wt% Co was sintered via HPHT at 1500, 1600, 1700, 1800, and 1900°C under 7.7 GPa pressure for 2 and 3 minutes. Microstructural/structural analyses were performed by SEM/EDS and XRD and hardness, Indentation Fracture Toughness (ITF) and compression tests were also carried out to understand effects of different sintering parameters. At this stage, it was found that full density can achieved for high sintering temperature along with abnormal grain growth. High hardness was observed in range starting from 1250 up to 1650 HV. At the third stage, to obtain PDC, a thin layer of WC 20 wt% Nb/Ni was used as an interface between top layer of diamond with pure Nb binder and WC 10 wt% Co substrate. Sintering was done via HPHT method at 1750°C under 7.7 GPa of pressure. Two different holding time of 6 (three successive 2 minutes) and 9 (three successive 3 minutes) were used. Hardness was measured and microstructural/structural studies were done via SEM/EDS. The overall results showed that this new kind of PDC can successfully produce using a new pure Niobium binder for diamond without any graphitization. It was also found that using an interface having the resemblance to both substrate and sintered diamond body caused good adhesion between layers that can results in enhanced performance and improving durability of PDC.


Accelerated aging often is employed to speed up the normally slow degradation of paper to rates which can be measured and studied easily. The use of accelerated aging introduces two problems: relating the accelerated rate to the rate under normal conditions, and more importantly, demonstrating that the aging process of materials subjected to accelerated aging is the same as that for materials aged naturally. One approach to the evaluation of accelerated aging conditions is to quantify the amounts of individual degradation products. Using the results from a matrix of accelerated aging conditions, one can determine whether the distribution of degradation products for a particular set of conditions is the same as that predicted for natural aging. A research project examining the effects of temperature and relative humidity on the aging of paper is currently underway.


Objective
To explorethe long-term prognosis of the triangular resectionvalvuloplasty for posterior mitral valve prolapse and provide a reference for the clinical treatment.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 61 patients with posterior mitral valve prolapse underwent the mitral valvuloplasty in our hospital from Match 2008 to December 2016. 30 patients who underwent triangular resection for posterior mitral valve prolapse. 31 patients who underwentstandard quadrangular resection. The cardiac functional parameters and condition of mitral regurgitation were compared among the period of preoperation, discharging and follow-up.

Results
The mean follow-up period was 42±34(3-106)months. left atrium and left ventricular diameter were decreased(P<0.05). Inresrarch group, there was 1 patient who have moderate regurgitation, arrhythmia is one.In control group, there was arrhythmia in 1 cases, moderate regurgitation in 2 cases and death in 1 cases. Rate of freedom from reregurgitation was(97±6)% in research group and was(97±4)% in control group. There was no SAM in two groups.There were no significant differences of survival or risk of reoperation . There was a statistic difference of NYHA classification of cardiac function in the phase of follow-up than that of discharging(P<0.05).

Conclusion
Triangular resection of a prolapsed posterior mitral leaflet is a simplified, reliable, reproducible, and durable procedure, like quadrangular resection of a prolapsed posterior leaflet.

Key words:
Posterior mitral valve prolapse; Mitral regurgitation; Mitral valvuloplasty


The communicative and emotional function of language objectively require that language teaching break through the traditional concept of language teaching. In a real sense, language teaching aims at training and cultivating students' practical use of language, enriching students' emotion, strengthening students' cross-cultural awareness and improving students' humane quality and the ability of thinking and practical solutions to the problems in the classroom. This paper focuses on the role of communicative language teaching in the process of upgrading English teachers' professional skills based on three aspects including the basic concept of communicative language teaching, the application of communicative language teaching and new challenges proposed by communicative language teaching in English classroom.


Cloud federation is one form of the cloud computing model that supports numerous types of applications through collaboration between different service providers. Cloud federation enables providers to offer more efficient services to customers by sharing their computing and storage resources. However, the reliability of cloud can be degraded if the federation is formed and executed in an unreliable fashion. In this paper, we propose a reliability-based cloud federation model. We evaluate the reliability of different service providers using our evaluation approach and then model the federation process as a hedonic coalition formation game based on a reliability-driven utility function. Our proposed federation formation algorithm enables service providers to cooperate while considering the reliability of the infrastructure and refrain from cooperating with unreliable systems. Our evaluation shows that the providers will be able to form acceptable federations through our algorithm while preserving or enhancing the reliability of their services in a reasonable amount of time.


The purpose of this study is to describe the problem of teachers in using learning media in the 2013 curriculum at SDN 1 Taman Ayu, Gerung District. The research approach used is qualitative research with the type of case study research. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis used Milles and Huberman model data analysis. The results of the study indicate that the difficulties experienced by teachers include; 1) the difficulty of the teacher in choosing the media to be used. 2) Difficulties of teachers in using learning media 3) Difficulties of teachers in evaluating the use of learning media. the way the teacher overcomes these obstacles is to carry out reflection activities to restore student learning concentration, use student books, provide special guidance for students who have difficulties in understanding learning materials, evaluate media at other times. It can be concluded that teachers at SDN 1 Taman Ayu, Gerung Sub-district experienced problems in using learning media in the 2013 curriculum.


>► Projects rather than items, a choice of depth over breadth; validity supersedes reliability as conventionally defined. >► Informed judgment rather than mechanical scoring; the teacher replaces the Scantron in the assessment process. Theory seems far in advance of practice. Teachers are reportedly "doing portfolios," reviewing student projects, encouraging exhibitions (Harp, 1 99 1 ; Murphy & Smith, 1991; Smith, 1991; Tierney, Carter, & Desai, 1991). Psychometricians seem uneasy about these developments, uncertain about how to standardize performance, concerned about reliability and validity (Hambleton & Murphy, 1991). Articles in Education Week and Educational


The effect of biofilms developed in the aquariums on settlement of plantigrades of the mussel Mytilus coruscus was examined in the laboratory.Various aspects of biofilm biology were investigated including age,dry weight,chlorophyll a(Chl.a)content,bacterial and diatom densities.Bacterial community in biofilms was analyzed by the DGGE fingerprint technique.The correlation between the inducing activity of the biofilms and dry weight,bacterial and diatom densities,Chl.a content was also investigated.With the increase of biofilm age,dry weight,bacterial and diatom densities increased significantly and the maximum values were,respectively,0.87 mg/cm2,1.5×107/cm2 and 1.0×106/cm2 after 28 d.Furthermore,above three parameters were correlated with biofilm age.Chl.a content reached the maximum of 2.22 μg/cm2 after 14 d and no correlation between Chl.a content and biofilm age was observed.Plantigrades of M.coruscus preferred to settle on the biofilmed surfaces rather than the surfaces unfilmed.Overall the settlement of plantigrades on biofilms that formed in the aquariums increased with biofilm age,and the maximum of 76% settlement was obtained after 28 d.The enhanced settlement correlated to dry weight,bacterial density and diatom density,and their corresponding correlation coefficients were 0.717,0.711 and 0.754.In contrast,there was no correlation between inducing activity of biofilms and Chl.a content.Moreover,Shannon diversity index of bacteria community in DGGE profiles increased up to 28 d following immersion.The shift in bacterial community composition over time may be responsible for the higher settlement of plantigrades of M.coruscus on the older biofilms,indicating that bacterial community play an important role in the settlement of plantigrades in this species.


A method to make real-time automatic inspection on the out-of-gauge of freight car ends with the double light curtain piecing together and picture treatment technology is given. The inspection process mainly includes the obtaining of light curtain data, piecing together of the upper and lower light curtain data, normalization of picture data and inspection of pictures of the out-of-gauge parts. The test shows that the method has fairly good accuracy and real-time performance, and the inspection results are simple and objective.


PURPOSE: A vacuum bonding apparatus for manufacturing equipment of a liquid crystal display, and a driving method are provided to smoothly load a substrate to a lower stage. CONSTITUTION: At least one or more first containing parts(122d) are formed on the top side of the lower stage. A plurality of first substrate lifting elements are selectively contained in the first containing parts and are driven to selectively lift a first substrate. Each first substrate lifting element includes a first support selectively supporting the first substrate, a first lifting shaft formed with the first support for selectively moving the first support up and down, and a first driving unit driving the first shaft to be selectively lifted. At least one or more second containing parts are formed on a circumference of the top side of the lower stage. A plurality of second substrate lifting elements(600) are selectively contained in the second containing parts and are driven to selectively lift the substrate to prevent the circumference of the first substrate from drooping. Each second substrate lifting element includes a second support(610) selectively supporting both sides of a back surface of the substrate, a second lifting shaft(620) formed with the second support for selectively moving the second support up and down, and a second driving unit(630) driving the second shaft to be selectively lifted.


Most sunglass lenses transmit near infrared radiation freely. Twelve years ago, such lenses were thought to increase the risk of eye injury from looking at the sun and also to be less comfortable when worn, in both cases by comparison with lenses which absorb a substantial part of the near infrared. Recent literature reviewed indicates that the case for near infrared absorption to lessen solar eye damage is now weaker but not entirely discounted, and that no further studies appear to have been made on the comfort aspects. Other possible adverse effects of near infrared radiation on the eye are still unresolved.


A practical and efficient rediability analysis method for the quantitative estimation of probabilistic risk of a floating hull structure. It first uses the response surface method to develop a second order polynomial expressed in terms of input random variables for the implicit limit state function of algorithmic form such as the firite dlement method routinely used in everyday design practice. Then, the first order reliability method is applied to conduct very efficient and accurate reliability analysis, leading quantitative risk evaluation of the structure. Random variables and their statistical properties in the reliability analysis are selected based on the various literatures and an initial analysis. It is expected to be effectively applied in the reliability-based design and reliability analysis of read structures such as floating structures.


ABO, MN, Rh, P, Lutheran, Kell, Duffy and Kidd blood group systems were studied in a sample of 135 Cakchiquel-speaking Indians from Sumpango, Dpto. Sacatepequez, Guatemala. Sumpango represents an almost exclusively endogamous isolate in the western highlands some 42 km outside of Guatemala City. The bloods were collected by families, and tests on them are much more revealing than on unrelated individuals because the genotypes are so often evident, and genes that could not have been otherwise detected are revealed. What is lost in numbers of unrelated people is probably more than compensated for by the precision of gene identification.

Some evidence of foreign genes in this Indian sample is afforded by gene B in a mother and three of her children, in a small frequency (0.01) of R−2,−3 (cde or cDe), and perhaps in gene MU or Mu in a mother and son. Gene frequencies for the Sumpango sample are very similar to those of Matson and Swanson's ('63) Cakchiquel from nearby Chimaltenango and Patzicia. The Sumpango sample shows lower P and Jka and higher R2,−3 (CDe), and of these the low P and high R2,−3 stand outside of the known Maya range.


Looks at major disasters and the steps taken to limit the problems which have and may occur, by an adequate training resource. Looks in particular at oil‐rig disasters such as Piper Alpha, Ekofisk, Aleksander Kjelland and Ocean Ranger all of which had contributory shortcomings enhanced by management on‐and off‐shore. Reinforces the concepts that an emergency response or contingency plan must provide the basis for emergency training, and that training for the 1990s will be in simulators.


It is known that the spectrum of quasi-normal modes of potential barriers is related to the spectrum of bound states of the corresponding potential wells. This property has been widely used to compute black hole quasi-normal modes, but it is limited to a few"approximate"potentials with certain transformation properties for which the spectrum of bound states must be known analytically. In this work we circumvent this limitation by proposing an approach that allows one to make use of potentials with similar transformation properties, but where the spectrum of bound states can also be computed numerically. Because the numerical calculation of bound states is usually more stable than the direct computation of the corresponding quasi-normal modes, the new approach is also interesting from a technical point of view. We apply the method to different potentials, including the P\"oschl-Teller potential for which all steps can be understood analytically, as well as potentials for which we are not aware of analytic results but provide independent numerical results for comparison. As a canonical test, all potentials are chosen to match the Regge-Wheeler potential of axial perturbations of the Schwarzschild black hole. We find that the new approximate potentials are more suitable to approximate the exact quasi-normal modes than the P\"oschl-Teller potential, particularly for the first overtone. We hope this work opens new perspectives to the computation of quasi-normal modes and finds further improvements and generalizations in the future.


The analysis of the SPECTRUM (Special Experiment Concerning Typhoon Recurvature andUnusual Movement) data indicates that the structure of recurving target typhoons 9015 (Abe),9019(Flo) and 9020 (Gene) at different stages of moving processes showed different motion features.Ondifferent time scales,temporal variations of typhoon structure and motion speed displayed differentfeatures.


This paper presents a source term model for estimating the rate of unconfined LNG pool spreading on land. The model takes into account the composition changes of a boiling mixture, the variation of thermodynamic properties due to preferential boiling in the liquid mixture and the effect of boiling regime on conductive heat transfer. The heat, mass and momentum balance equations were solved for continuous and instantaneous spills. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine the relative effect of each of these phenomena on pool spreading. The model was compared to a commonly used gravityinertia integral pool-spreading model with one-dimensional conductive heat transfer. 1. Introduction Although some pool spreading models have been developed as outlined by Webber et al. (2010), most of them are integral models and based on work carried out in the early 1970's on non-volatile liquid spills. These early models tend to overlook the complexity associated with cryogenic pool spreading. Cryogens (e.g. LNG: boiling point = -162 °C) exhibit vigorous boiling upon being released on land or water at ambient temperature. In the case of an LNG release, some of the LNG will flash while rest will spread very quickly. The conditions of heat transfer from the surroundings and the composition of the LNG mixture may affect the spread rate and the vaporization rate. Most of the current modelling work on LNG spillage estimates the LNG properties either using fixed thermo-physical properties of a mixture or using those of pure methane as an analogue. This is questionable since the vaporization behaviour of a mixture is different from that of a pure fluid due to preferential boil-off of the lighter hydrocarbons, which in turn results to time varying properties of the spilled mixture. The complex phenomena governing the spread and vaporization of a LNG pool have to be accounted for and their relative importance must be understood to develop a comprehensive model that is both adaptable and applicable to a variety of scenarios. In this paper, a pool-spreading model that takes into account the composition changes of a boiling LNG mixture, the effect of different boiling modes on conductive heat transfer as well as the varying mixture thermodynamics and vapour liquid equilibrium effects is proposed. A sensitivity analysis is conducted to identify the relative importance of each of the governing parameters on the pool spreading process. The model incorporates the multicomponent nature of LNG and its effect on the behaviour of the spill with the aim of developing the most accurate and comprehensive representation of the pool spreading process.


We investigate the transport properties of charge carriers in disordered organic semiconductors using a model that relates a mobility with charge carriers (not with small polarons) hopping by thermal activation. Considering Miller and Abrahams expression for a hopping rate of a charge carrier between localized states of a Gaussian distributed energies, we employ Monte Carlo simulation methods, and calculate the average mobility of finite charge carriers focusing on a lower density region where the mobility was shown experimentally to be independent of the density. There are Monte Carlo simulation results for density dependence of mobility reported for hopping on regularly spaced states neglecting the role of spatial disorder, which does not fully mimic the hopping of charge carriers on randomly distributed states in disordered system as shown in recent publications. In this work we include the spatial disorder and distinguish the effects of electric field and density which are not separable in the experiment, and investigate the influence of density and electric field on mobility at different temperatures comparing with experimental results and that found in the absence of the spatial disorder. Moreover, we analyze the role of density and localization length on temperature and electric field dependence of mobility. Our results also give additional insight regarding the value of localization length that has been widely used as 0.1b where b is a lattice sites spacing.


The behavior of embedded systems is commonly characterized by hybrid phenomena in which each operational mode is triggered by commands sent by electronic control units (ECU), involving hardware and software components. While hardware components are inherently continuous, the ECUs introduce discrete switching between the behavioral modes of the apparatus. For continuous systems, the theory of logical diagnosis casts the diagnosis problem within a consistency-based reasoning scheme that requires normal behavior models only. On the other hand, hybrid model based diagnosis methods rely on the availability of fault models and implement abductive reasoning similarly to what is done in discrete event model based diagnosis approaches. In this paper we propose a hybrid model consistency based method in which ideas are borrowed from discrete event system diagnosis to build a partial diagnoser, and from continuous systems to check consistency and track causal dependencies underlying discrepancies between expected and observed behaviours.


Aiming at the variable environment in reliability assessment for complex systems,an assessment method of system reliability based on cloud model and hybrid stochastic Petri net is proposed.Firstly,cloud model is applied to describe the index of suitability for working conditions,which is used to control the rate of dscrete transitions.Then Monte-Carlo Method based on Petri net is used to obtain simulation simulation solution of system reliability in different environment,and the failure raets for real time are gained.Finally,a C4ISR system illuminates the feasibility of this method.


Due to the decreasing size of consumer electronic products such as smart phones, tablets, and personal computers, ultrathin flip chip ball grid array (FCBGA) packages are needed to meet the demand of lower z-heights for slimmer form factors. However, packages used in consumer electronics are commonly assembled on printed circuit boards (PCB) with lead-free SnAgCu (SAC) solder paste at peak reflow temperatures in the 240C to 260C range. Assembly challenges are observed at these peak reflow temperatures due to dynamic warpage of the component substrates of ultra-thin FCBGAs, as well as the PCB. The Bi-Sn low temperature solder metallurgical system has been proposed as an alternative to the SAC metallurgical system to overcome these package substrate and PCB warpage induced assembly challenges. Besides improving solder joint yields on ultra-thin FCBGAs, the lower melting point of this Bi-Sn metallurgy also enables manufacturing cost savings and environmental benefits. However, based on previous literature studies, the presence of Bi in Sn-based low temperature solder has exhibited solder joint embrittlement and thereby decreased the mechanical shock resistance of such solder joints. In order to strengthen the solder joint, low temperture solder pastes have been developed containing resin, which by flowing around the solder joint and curing during the reflow process it provides polymeric encapsulation reinforcement at the solder joint level. In a previous study [16], this type of low temperature joint reinforced paste (JRP) had shown improved mechanical shock resistance on mixed BiSn+SnAgCu FCBGA solder joints when compared to those without the polymeric encapsulation. However, the effect of thermal fatigue on the resin reinfroced BiSn+SnAgCu BGA solder joint when subjected to thermal cycling needed to be better understood. In this paper, the investigation centered on both the mechanical shock and the thermal cycling performance of the mixed BiSnAg (BSA)+SAC solder joints assembled with JRP pastes on a Flip Chip Molded Package BGA (FCMB) and compared the data to those assembled with SAC305 paste. Reliability failure rate characterized with Weibull distributions, failure modes and locations within the solder joint stack-up were determined. Results indicated that the mixed SAC+BiSn solder joints with polymeric reinforcement when using two different JRPs were less shock resistant than the SAC solder joints for both JRPs. More development is therfore necessary with JRPs to enable low temperature Bi-Sn solder joints to become comparable with un-reinforced SAC BGA solder joints under mechanical shock. There was significant improvement in the thermal cycling performance for mixed SAC+BiSn solder joints formed using one of the JRPs, but this improvement was for the solder joints located at the package corners only. The level of encapsulation of the solder joints by the reinforcing resin was inconsistent across the FCMB array and this could have caused this inconsistent temperature cycling resistance.


Non alcoholic fatty liver disorder (NAFLD), as the name suggest is the accumulation of fat content in the liver due to reasons other than consumption of alcohol. Under NAFLD we can find a range of diseases, Non Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) being the most prominent one. It is a scenario where the inflammation maybe a result of response to stress that may lead to accumulation of lipid in the liver. One of the main causes of NAFLD is the deficiency of Vitamin D. Vitamin D can either be obtained exogenously by exposure to sunlight or endogenously by diet metabolism in the liver. Recent studies provides evidence that even when exposed to adequate sunlight, the amount of Vitamin D acquired has not been able to meet the requirement of the body, without supplementation. Low Vitamin D levels are associated with high prevalence of NAFLD. Its deficiency and insufficiency has led to a systemic increase in inflammation. The precise role of Vitamin D in NAFLD is not completely known but its association with innate and adaptive immunity and its anti proliferative effect explains its significance in such diseases.


nessed a growing community interest and concern in providing educational services and trained teaching personnel to help the deviant child. Mental health agencies and school systems over our nation are earnestly searching for new ways and means to help disturbed children hitherto excluded from our public schools. Teaching the Troubled Child by George T. Donahue and Sol Nichtern is the story of the "teachermom" program of the Elmont (N. Y.) school system, widely publicized and heralded as a "radically new approach to the education of hundreds of thousands of emotionally and mentally handicapped children through existing community facilities (book jacket)." This book attempts to demonstrate that (a) "The one-to-one relationship


In those habitats where shell growth is almost supressed due to prevailing unfavorable conditions, the little necked clam is rather malformed, thus giving rise to the "stunted" shell. Two groups of stunted little necked clams were obtained from the tidal flat of Ohsaki, Toyohashi City, Aichi Prefecture. One, called here Type A, consists of shells formerly transplanted to Ohsaki from the adjacent Muro district, and another, Type B, consists of shells native to Ohsaki. Type A of stunted little necked clams had still retained the former form of normally grown shells native to Muro, while Type B was distinguishable from normally grown shells by a rounder curvature of the posterior shell margin and a greater ratio of shell breadth to shell length. In both lots, shells of about 2cm. in length and an estimated age of from two (Type B) to three years (Type A), were transplanted to the clam-bed of Ikawazu, Atsumi Town, in May 1953, and cultured until November for about six months. On the other hand, normally grown little necked clams (about one year of age) native to Ikawazu were used as control. On the basis of the measurements of shell length (L), shell height (H) and shell breadth (B) on transplanting and harvesting, the growth and form of the shell were discussed. The results of the experiment are as follows: 1) After transplantation, the stunted shells of both lots grew as rapid as the shells which were used as control (Tab. 1, Fig. 1). 2) After being cultured under good condititons for six months, the stunted shells, especially Type B, showed a form of shell with the values of H/L or B/L approached to those of normally grown shells (Fig. 3 & 4). 3) B/L, especially, is a value very significant for the treatment of shell form. In the same age group, the larger values of B/L were observed on ill-grown individuals of both stunted and normally grown shells. 4) The form of shells is largely influenced by environmental conditions of the clam-bed. From the results mentioned in 2) and 3), it is suggested that the form of shells may be used as an indicator of the conditions of the clam-bed.


Fuzzy C-average algorithm (also known as the FCM algorithm) is a clustering algorithm based on partition. The idea of the algorithm is making is divided into clusters with the similarity between objects as large as possible, and the similarity between objects of different clusters as small as possible. As the algorithm is simple, easy to implement and computer clustering effect, etc., makes this algorithm in many fields has been widely applied. This paper focuses principles of FCM algorithm, the algorithm steps and its problems were described in detail and propose an improved algorithm.


We analyze the resolution of the U(1)A problem in the Sakai-Sugimoto holographic dual of large Nc QCD at finite temperature. It has been shown that in the confining phase the axial symmetry is broken at order 1/Nc, in agreement with the ideas of Witten and Veneziano. We show that in the deconfined phase the axial symmetry remains unbroken to all orders in 1/Nc. In this case the breaking is due to instantons which are described by spacelike D0-branes, in agreement with 't Hooft's resolution. The holographic dual of the symmetry breaking fermion condensate is a state of spacelike strings between the D0-brane and the flavor D8-branes, which result from a spacelike version of the string creation effect. In the intermediate phase of deconfinement with broken chiral symmetry the instanton gas approximation is possibly regulated in the IR, which would imply an η' mass-squared of order exp (−Nc).


Decision support system's 11 modules generate reports and charts for project management; $895. Professional time billing and management software package. Measures investment performances and keeps track of holdings; $275. Real estate investment analysis projects evaluation criteria up to 20 years; $249.


This document presents a model used by the Davis School District (Utah) to revise their comprehensive guidance program. The model addresses the four primary purposes of education (essential learning skills, civic responsibility, career preparation, and personal development). Counselors collaborate with individual students and their parents to form a plan of action called the Student Education Plan/Student Education Occupation Plan (SEP/SEOP). The SEP/SEOP provides an individual educational framework that guides students from kindergarten through graduation. Steps are presented for a self-guided computer tour of SEOP, which was designed for students and parents to work through at home. The electronic SEOP ensures that comprehensive guidance is an integral and necessary part of every student's learning process. (JDM) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document.


This chapter describes the upcoming technology for electrical power systems that gives the appropriate solution for the integration of the distributed energy resources. In this chapter, different categories of smart grids have been classified, and the advantages, weakness, and opportunities of each one, are given in addition to determining its own operating conditions. Micro-grids are the most common kind of smart grid. It has been classified under different criteria, such as architecture with different topology (connected mode, island mode, etc.) and demand criteria (simple micro grids, multi-DG, utility) and by capacity into simple micro-grid, corporate micro-grid, and independent micro-grid, and by AC/DC type to DC micro-grids, AC micro-grids, Hybrid micro-grids. Finally, most familiar Micro-grid components have been discussed such as an energy management system along with several types of control and communication systems in addition to the economic study of a micro-grids.


Nitrogen percolation beneath the crop root zone was significantly reduced by careful irrigation management using the USDA irrigation scheduling program. Deep percolation losses were measured directly using vacuum extractors. Analyses of both deep soil cores and water samples from piezometers suggest that significant amounts of percolating nitrate are removed by denitrification, either before or soon after reaching the water table, thus reducing the potential for ground-water contamination.


Merkel cell carcinomas (MCCs) occur more often in immunocompromised patients than in others. Many MCCs harbor a viral genome for Merkel cell