The work focused on the development of a 70 litrescapacity Parkerizing tank incorporating electric resistance heating elements. The burning of fuels such as coal, kerosene, and wood is an inefficient process for coating guns and other ferrous metals. For this, an automatically controlled Parkerizing tank was developed and fabrication was done using stainless steel and electric resistance heating elements. It contains two 6kW heaters. The tank has a unique trapezium shape which can permit coating of large parts, with high efficiency and is capable of boiling the phosphate solution in less than 20minutes. From test results, the tank was able to boil 15litres of phosphate manganese solution in 12minutes. All the mild steel engine parts coated in the solution appeared to be dark gray in colour after 6minutes of submerging it in the solution showing that the chemical mixture is accurate.


Objective: To investigate the impact of regular blood glucose monitoring on diabetic blood glucose control and lifestyle.Methods: We randomly selected 110 cases of elderly type 2 diabetic patients who have been confirmed by CHSC(Community Health Service Center) in 2010-2011.They were randomly divided into intervention and control groups,55 cases respective.Both groups received regular Glucose-lowering drugs and life style directions.The intervention group also received regular blood glucose monitoring every week and Glycosylated hemoglobin assay every 3 months,while the control group had glycemic index test according to their own wishes.Observe them for 12 months and study the difference of glycemic control and lifestyle between the two groups.Results: The intervention group had the fasting plasma glucose(FPG) decreased from7.26±1.36 mmol/L to 6.68±1.10 mmol/L,and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose(2hPG) from 12.34±2.29 mmol/L to 11.09±1.98 mmol/L,and glycosylated hemoglobin from 7.99±1.61% to 6.60±0.87%,and their way of life was significantly improved,showing significant difference(P 0.05).But the change in the control group was not as good as that in the intervention group.Conclusions: Regular monitoring can effectively control the blood glucose,and glycosylated hemoglobin,and can prompt the elderly type 2 diabetic patients to improve their unhealthy lifestyle.


The aims of this study were to investigate the biodiversity and functional distribution of macrofungi within the Plant Genetic Conservation Area of Rambhai Barni Rajabhat University, Chanthaburi Province, Thailand, and to identify the macrofungi by sequence analysis of their internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. One hundred and eighty-five macrofungi samples were collected from the survey routes in 2021. The macrofungi with different morphologies were selected to perform molecular identification by sequence analysis of ITS. A total of 41 samples of representative macrofungi were classified into 2 phyla, 5 classes, 11 orders, 21 families, and 34 genera. The macrofungi were found to be in the phylum Basidiomycota (35 taxa, 85.4%), the family Polyporaceae (10 taxa, 24.4%), and Microporus xanthopus was the most frequently found species in every month of samples collection. Their role in the ecosystem was saprotroph (40 taxa, 97.6%), symbiotroph (7 taxa, 17.0%), and pathotroph (4 taxa, 9.8%). In addition, there was no published information about the edibility of many of the macrofungi (29 taxa, 70.7%); however, some edible (8 taxa, 19.5%) and poisonous macrofungi (4 taxa, 9.8%) had previously been reported. Interestingly, some macrofungi samples need more investigation for further identification, and additional genes may be required for the study.


This paper provides an empirical exploration of the potential gains from socially optimal districting. As emphasized in the political science literature, districting matters because it determines the seat-vote curve, which relates the fraction of seats parties obtain to their share of the aggregate vote. Building on the theoretical work of Coate and Knight (2006), which develops and analyzes the optimal seat-vote curve, this paper develops a methodology for computing actual and optimal seat-vote curves and for measuring the potential welfare gains that would emerge from implementing optimal seat-vote curves. This method is then applied to analyze districting plans in place during the 1990s to elect U.S. State legislators. The analysis shows that the plans used by the states in our data set generate seat-vote curves that are overly responsive to changes in voters' preferences. While there is significant variation across states, the potential welfare gains from implementing optimal seat-vote curves are on average small relative to the overall surplus generated by legislatures. This appears to be because seat-vote curves are reasonably close to optimal rather than because aggregate welfare is insensitive to varying districting plans. Interestingly, implementing proportional representation would produce welfare levels quite close to those achieved by implementing optimal seat-vote curves. Stephen Coate Department of Econoomics Cornell University Ithaca, NY 14853 and NBER email@example.com Brian Knight Department of Economics Brown University Providence, RI 02906 and NBER firstname.lastname@example.com


The data of 99 standard plots for Pinus elliottii plantations were adopted to describe the growth process of the stand factors(diameter,tree height,volume,etc.)with Richards equation,taken stand age and site index as independent variable.The parameters of Richards equation were determined by using nonlinear Marquardt computation,at the same time,the model and its error were tested and analysed respectively.Based on growth equations of the stand,the 16 index level empirical yield table of Pinus elliottii plantation was compiled.


A new analysis is performed to study the flow and heat transfer characteristics of laminar combined forced and free convection about a horizontal cylinder. The transformed conservation equations of the nonsimilar boundary layers are solved by a finite difference method. Numerical results for gases having a Prandtl number of 0.7 are presented for buoyancy parameters which cover the entire domain of the mixed convection, ranging from pure forced convection to pure free convection. It is found that both the local wall shear and the local heat transfer rate (1) increase with increasing buoyancy force for assisting flow, (2) decrease with increasing buoyancy force for opposing flow, and (3) depend very strongly on the variation of the local free stream velocity, particularly for small to moderate buoyancy forces. With regard to the heat transfer results, the buoyancy force effects on forced convection are found to be important for Gr/Re2 ≥ 1.93 and ≤ –1.60, respectively for assisting and opposing flows, whereas the inertia force effects on free convection become significant for Re2/Gr ≥ 0.012.

On a fait une nouvelle analyse des caracteristiques d'ecoulement et de transfert de la chaleur d'une convection laminaire forcee ou libre autour d'un cylindre horizontal. On a resolu, par une methode de differences finies, les equations de conservation transformees de couches-limites non semblables. On presente les resultats numeriques dans le cas de gaz dont le nombre de Prandtl est 0.7 et pour des parametres qui embrassent le domaine entier de la convection mixte, lequel comprend la convection pure (forcee et libre). On a constate que le cisaillement a la paroi locale et le taux de transfert local de la chaleur (1) s'accroissaient lorsque la force de flottement augmentait pour un courant aidant, (2) decroissaient lorsque la force de flottement augmentait pour un courant contraire et (3) dependaient considerablement de la variation de la vitesse locale du courant libre, surtout dans le cas de forces de flottement allant de faibles a moderes. En ce qui a trait aux resultats du transfert de la chaleur, les effets des forces de flottement sur la convection forcee se sont averes importants pour Gr/Re2 ≥ 1.93 et ≤ 1.60, dans le cas des courants aidant et contraire respectivement, tandis que les effets de la force d'inertie sur la convection libre se sont averes importants pour Re2/Gr ≤ 0.012.


Insulinomas are very rare tumors. Diagnosis of insulinoma is often delayed or misdiagnosed because of its various symptoms. We report a patient with hypoglycemic encephalopathy who had repetitive behavior changes, diagnosed as a pancreatic insulinoma. A 52 years old man was referred to a memory and dementia clinic for evaluation of his repetitive abnormal behavior changes. He has threatened his wife with violent acts and showed aggressive behaviors, but he couldn't remember when he was recovered to normal state. During the hospitalization, we noticed that his repetitive abnormal behaviors were correlated to severe hypoglycemia. After we corrected glucose level, his symptoms were disappeared. We performed an abdomen-pelvis CT scan, revealing pancreatic head tumor. After he took surgical treatment, His symptoms were fully recovered. Our case demonstrates that various neurological symptoms, such as abnormal behavior, rarely occur due to recurrent hypoglycemia in patient with insulinoma. Received: December 1, 2014 Revision received: December 24, 2014 Accepted: December 24, 2014


Background: GSK2190915 is a potent 5-lipoxygenase activating protein inhibitor, thereby inhibiting the synthesis of leukotrienes and 5-oxo-ETE.

Objective: To assess the effect of GSK2190915 on the allergen-induced asthmatic response.

Methods: 19 eligible patients with mild asthma were enrolled and completed this 4- centre, double-blind, 2-way crossover study. They took 100 mg GSK2190915 and placebo orally once daily for 5 days, in randomised order. On Day 3 they had an inhaled allergen challenge and on Days 4 and 6 they had induced sputum collection.

Results: GSK2190915 attenuated the early (0-2 hours) and late (4-10 hours) asthmatic response to inhaled allergen compared to placebo. Following GSK2190915, the mean% attenuation of the placebo response to inhaled allergen for the minimum and weighted mean FEV1(0-2 hours) was 33.3% and 62.6%, respectively, and the mean% attenuation of the placebo response to inhaled allergen for the minimum and weighted mean FEV1(4-10 hours) was 15.8% and 22.7%, respectively. There was a significant attenuation of the allergen induced increase in sputum percent eosinophil count on Day 4 following GSK2190915 compared to placebo; the treatment difference (95% CI) was -9.95% (-18.13, -1.77). There was a >90% reduction in sputum LTB4 on Days 4 and 6 following treatment with GSK2190915 compared to placebo. Median sputum LTB4 (pg/mL) was 524 and 837 on Days 4 and 6 following placebo, and 31 and 18 on Days 4 and 6 following GSK2190915. Safety and tolerability were good.

Conclusion: GSK2190915 shows potential as a treatment for asthma.

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier [NCT00748306][1]

 [1]: /lookup/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV&access_num=NCT00748306&atom=%2Ferj%2F38%2FSuppl_55%2F3424.atom


Milk as one of protein source from animal besides beef has large contributes for thenutrition fulfillment. The potential of dairy cows in Indonesia is enormous. The Ngijo village inKarangploso District of Malang Regency is one of the centers of dairy cattle. Dairy farmers are inpartnership with the cooperative to distribute the production. Most farmers in the Ngijo village inKarangploso District of Malang became a member of KUD Karangploso. The aim of this study was todetermine the role of co-operatives as the agribusiness system supporting business in thedevelopment of dairy farm in the Ngijo village. As sample are 50 farmers belonging to cooperativesin the Ngijo village. Direct observation and interviews method conducted to retrieve data directly.The results showed that the cooperative has a very important role for the business development ofthe dairy farmers in the Ngijo village. But this has not been supported by the institutional capacity ofcooperatives in improving the welfare of members of the cooperative in this respect is the dairyfarmers. Breeders still require training and counseling as a provision to increase the business interms of both quality and quantity. Key Words: Business Development, Dairy Cattle, System Agribusiness, Cooperative


Retinoic acid (RA) plays major roles during nervous system development. We have previously shown that RA signaling pathway components are upregulated after optic nerve injury and that exogenous application of RA improves the long‐term survival of axotomized retinal ganglion cells to more than 90%. In addition, there is some evidence that RA may be a factor involved in the induction of phagocytic macrophages, promoting the production of pro‐repair chemokines that could play a role in successful regeneration. The objective of the present study is to determine the effects of RA application on the macrophage populations in the optic nerve after injury. We performed optic nerve crush and applied into the nerve either saline solution or retinoic acid. We examined the optic nerves at 48h, one week, and two weeks after axotomy with immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy. Electron microscope studies of the proximal, injury, and distal sites of the optic nerves show macrophages filled with secondary lysosomes and residual bodies. Immunocytochemistry of various macrophage subtypes was carried out followed by confocal microscopy. Our results indicate that application of RA to the optic nerve causes a significant increase in the number of macrophages and microglia present one week after optic nerve injury. Most cells were CD68‐positive in saline‐ and RA‐treated nerves. We also identified activated microglia (Iba1‐positive) and a sub‐population of anti‐inflammatory M2 macrophages (arginase‐positive) at the injury and distal sites. In conclusion, the application of RA affects the number and the distribution of macrophages after optic nerve injury and it may play a role in the success of optic nerve regeneration.


The invention relates to a fitting having a first fitting part and a hingedly coupled thereto, releasably or non-releasably connected to the second fitting part, wherein on one of the fitting parts, a delay device is arranged with an activation element. For this, the bracket comprising an operating element which is to the delay means bearing fitting part pivotable relative and that is connected in an articulated or rigidly connected to the respective other fitting part. The fitting further comprises a delay means to which the bearing fitting part arranged transmission that at least one transmission part transmits the pivoting movement of the actuating element into a translational motion. At least one translationally moving transmission part operated delay means directly or indirectly. The present invention provides a fitting with a delay means long life is developed.


OBJECTIVE
To describe a technique for fabricating an additively manufactured maxillary occlusal device using a complete digital workflow.

CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
The maxillary occlusal device design may include an anterior platform to guide the positioning of the mandible in a reproducible position for facilitating the delivery procedure.

CONCLUSIONS
The described technique provides a more efficient and less time-consuming method for designing an manufacturing a printed occlusal device, when compared with conventional fabrication techniques.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
The additively manufactured occlusal device designed with an anterior platform guides the positioning of the mandible in a reproducible position, facilitates the delivery procedures, and produces a more efficient and less time-consuming method when compared with conventional methods.


In modern linguistics more and more attention is paid to linguistic analysis of specific lexis in different fields of knowledge. Terms express a variety of special naming units, which form term systems. Each term system denotes a system of definitions in a certain science, scientific direction, field of knowledge. One of the main problems in studying and understanding a term as a linguistic category in modern linguistics is its definition. The necessity to study the mechanisms and principles of verbalization of scientific knowledge, besides the quantitative data about the terms used in modern language, is caused by several important factors. Term as a complicated unit is defined in accordance with a certain aspect. The article analyses the following characteristics of terms: systematic character, independence from the context, accuracy, internationality and stylistic neutrality. Terms must not only have relevant features to fulfill their functions, they also have to meet a number of specific requirements. Today, more and more researches of terms" emergence and functioning in the language are based on cognitive methods and approaches to the research of specialized vocabulary. In the modern world, terminology plays an important role in people"s intercourse and communication.


The thermal properties of the porous concrete floor enable it to be used as a primary heat source for the greenhouse. Other advantages such a system has include weed control, the elimination of water puddling on greenhouse floors, and its ability to support light vehicular traffic, making this type of floor an attractive option for using power plant waste heat. The vertical curtain heat exchangers have been shown to be extremely effective for distributing heat to the greenhouse from low-temperature water. The CELdek evaporative pads performed with a minimum of problems and proved to be adequate at cooling both water and warm air. Although the warm flowing through the pads was at times heavily silted, relatively little fouling of the pads occurred, and over a 6-month period of continuous use no change in performance was noticed. During extremely cold weather, the area around the cooling system air intake accumulated considerable amounts of ice which restricted the air flow. However the water running through the CELdek continued to be cooled. The design of the shed housing the evaporative cooling system does not appear to be ideal and may have contributed to nonuniform flow through the pads, and restriction of air flow.


Households who borrow on credit cards at promotional "teaser" rates often do so in anticipation of later receiving balance transfer offers extending attractive promotional pricing. Lenders make profits when such borrowers are caught the expiration of promotional rates, resulting in a "cat-and-mouse dynamic" in a large segment of the U.S. credit card market. Here we document the prevalence of teaser rates and promotional repricing through balance transfers prior to the Great Recession and develop an equilibrium model that can account for this feature of the data. We then employ the model to study the collapse of balance transfers during the Great Recession and assess its contribution to deleveraging on credit cards, thus far exclusively attributed to demand-side forces.


This research was conducted in order to make a marketing plan to position the company San Gabriel, with the aim of improving their recognition and growth in a desired future.
It is noteworthy that very relevant information was collected for the researcher and the company, because they proceeded to carry out a field study to determine the key factors that prevented better positioning the company. Therefore, it was established that the company SAN GABRIEL is highly competitive companies like MOLINOS OROBLANCO, PRODICEREAL and MOLINOS POULTIER, this last was found in that market and it´s preventing the growth and customer loyalty for the company San Gabriel….


DSP image processing solution was used to design a set of the strip correction TV detection visualization system based on DSP's digital image processing technology.DSP's calculation speed is quick,it can proceed parallelly,thus it is successful to solve the antinomy between the real time examination data and the real time requisition.TMS320DM642 chip was selected as a special digital multimedia processing chip, beacuse it has rich peripheral interfaces and characteristics of the video image acquisition function,which makes the image processing module integrate the image acquisition playback and image processing function, slam the door single image acquisition card,to avoid the data transmission problems occurred in the process. After deep research of DSP system,an overall program system is proposed,realizing strip correction and video detection.Experiment result indicates it can completely satisfy the request of real-time and precision.


Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal malignancy with a mortality rate that closely parallels its incidence rate, and a better understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms associated with the invasion and distant metastasis is required. Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is a very highly conserved factor in eukaryotes that regulates the protective heat shock response. Here, we show that HSF1 is abnormally activated in pancreatic cancer. The knockdown of HSF1 impaired the invasion and migration and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro; however, the upregulation of HSF1 showed the opposite effects. In vivo, the pharmacological inhibition of HSF1 significantly reduced the tumor burden, decreased the incidence of invasion, and prolonged the overall survival of transgenic mice harboring the spontaneous pancreatic cancer. We suggest that the loss of AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation mediates the abnormal activation of HSF1 based on the findings that phospho‐HSF1 (p‐HSF1) was highly expressed in human PDAC tissues with a low expression of p‐AMPK and that in those tissues with a high p‐AMPK expression, the level of p‐HSF1 was decreased. The in vivo and in vitro activation of AMPK impaired the activity of HSF1, and HSF1 mediated the effects of the AMPK knockdown‐induced pancreatic cancer invasion and migration. Our study revealed a novel mechanism by which the loss of AMPK activation amplifies the activity of HSF1 to promote the invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer.


In this paper, we report the synthesis of hybrid polymer nanocomposites PP+PbS/CdS, characterization of their structure and study of their optical properties. The structure and distribution of nanoparticles in the polymer were studied by means ofthe Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that the average nanoparticle size for a hybrid nanocomposite PP+PbS/CdS is 9-12 nm. Optical and photoluminescent properties of nanocomposites were also studied. From UV spectra of nanocomposites by extrapolation method the width of the forbidden band for polymer nanocompositeswas determined. The band gap was equal to 1.65 eV for PP/PbS nanocomposites, to 2,6 eV for PP/CdS and to 3.0 eV for PP+PbS/CdS nanocomposites. Photoluminescence analysis of nanocomposites PP+PbS/CdS shows two luminescent peaks at the wavelengths of 680 nm and 715 nm of the luminescence spectrum. Therefore, for such systems, it was proved that the spectral region is expanded and it makes possible to apply such nanocomposites in various fields of science and technology.


To solve the problem of inaccurate judgment of overlapping areas in multi-robot system point cloud map fusion, an overlapping areas judgment method based on visual SLAM key frames relative motion size is mooted. On the basis of SLAM mapping, the relative motion is determined comprehensively through features matching and geometric constraint between key frames. Then overlapping areas of maps are determined by relative motion size. At last initial transformation matrix between maps can be calculated. We run our algorithm in both open datasets and real world environment. The results show that the accuracy of this algorithm is higher than that of traditional algorithms.


This paper studies a switched dynamical system based on the boost converter with a solar cell input. The solar cell is modeled by a piecewise linear current-controlled voltage source. A variant of peak-current-controlled switching is used in the boost converter. Applying the mapping procedure, the system dynamics can be analyzed precisely. As a main result, we have found an important example of trade-off between the maximum power point and stability: as a parameter (relates to the clock period) varies, the average power of a periodic orbit can have a peak near a period-doubling bifurcation set and an unstable periodic orbit can have the maximum power point.


The transfer of technology is a multifaceted and complex issue. The adoption of advanced technologies is essential from the perspective of the strength of national economies and enhancing international competitiveness. Transfer of technology can be realised by transferring knowledge and through its commercialisation. Numerous impediments hinder the successful and effective transfer of technology. The most crucial role is played by human related impediments. Given the equality of other factors such as technological availability, capital, availability of resources etc., the adaptability of human resources may in most cases be the deciding factor so far as successful adoption of advanced technologies is concerned. In the first part, this paper examines the general obstacles faced by importers and exporters of technology. The role played by training in overcoming the human aspect of technology transfer has been emphasised in the second part.


Background: Melanoma is a malignant neoplasm originating from melanocytes. It has been recently suggested that syndecan-2 may contribute to the aggressive phenotype and metastatic potential of melanoma in cell line studies. However, there is no quantitative analysis of syndecan-2 expression using human melanoma tissue. Objective: This study aimed to examine the specific expression of syndecan-2 in human melanoma tissue. Methods: A total of 35 sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues were investigated for syndecan 2 expression using immunohistochemical staining. Also, a total of 6 tissues and two kinds of cell lines were analyzed by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot. Results: Immunohistochemical staining of 23 cases of melanoma tissue was done, and in 5 cases (21.7%), strong expression of syndecan-2 was seen. Also, syndecan-2 was detected in human melanoma tissue and MNT-1 melanoma cells by RT-PCR and western blot analysis. Conclusion: We suggest that syndecan-2 expression is increased in melanoma compared to nevus. The results of this study may help to explain the clinical features of melanoma and syndecan-2. (Korean J Dermatol 2013;51(10): 776∼781)


Due to an increase in the availability of cheap off-the-shelf radio hardware, spoofing and replay attacks on satellite ground systems have become more accessible than ever. This is particularly a problem for legacy systems, many of which do not offer cryptographic security and cannot be patched to support novel security measures. In this paper we explore radio transmitter fingerprinting in satellite systems. We introduce the SatIQ system, proposing novel techniques for authenticating transmissions using characteristics of transmitter hardware expressed as impairments on the downlinked signal. We look in particular at high sample rate fingerprinting, making fingerprints difficult to forge without similarly high sample rate transmitting hardware, thus raising the budget for attacks. We also examine the difficulty of this approach with high levels of atmospheric noise and multipath scattering, and analyze potential solutions to this problem. We focus on the Iridium satellite constellation, for which we collected 1705202 messages at a sample rate of 25 MS/s. We use this data to train a fingerprinting model consisting of an autoencoder combined with a Siamese neural network, enabling the model to learn an efficient encoding of message headers that preserves identifying information. We demonstrate the system's robustness under attack by replaying messages using a Software-Defined Radio, achieving an Equal Error Rate of 0.120, and ROC AUC of 0.946. Finally, we analyze its stability over time by introducing a time gap between training and testing data, and its extensibility by introducing new transmitters which have not been seen before. We conclude that our techniques are useful for building systems that are stable over time, can be used immediately with new transmitters without retraining, and provide robustness against spoofing and replay by raising the required budget for attacks.


Consumer groups, employee forums, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are also increasingly being recognized as powerful influences over corporate activities and Chapter 18 describes the work of NGOs in aligning corporate with social and environmental purposes. Historically, the relationship between corporations and NGOs has been antagonistic. However, increasingly corporations and NGOs are working in partnership to achieve common goals. The role of NGOs in influencing corporate activities is not restricted to such partnerships. They have been adopting activist campaigns to achieve desired outcomes in a form that is not dissimilar to those of institutional investors. These campaigns have often been seen by companies to be shareholder-value destroying but this is by no means always the case and NGO campaigns can be mutually beneficial for firms as well as society. NGOs can bring knowledge of a local community or a technical and legal expertise nature that firms may lack. They execute projects in common with companies, set agendas for various constituencies, exchange complementary knowledge in diverse areas, and provide access to networks.


This paper treats a drone delivery parcel's problematic in an urban area. The civil application of drone has been developed during these last decades especially drone delivery applications. In this paper, we focus on drone delivery application in the urban area for last-mile parcel delivery. The new issue is not only the drone design but also the logistics support of a massive fleet of drones with a mission to deliver parcels in a dense urban area. We hereby treat problematic by focusing on Logistics Support System. In this context, the commercialized drone is a considered as a system on the shelf. we propose a Post-Production Logistics Support Analysis to cover the exploitation phase of a drone delivery operator.


Abstract Seedcoat splitting in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) can have direct effects on market quality, germination, and susceptibility of seeds to invasion by fungi. Six parental genotypes with differing degrees of seedcoat splitting were crossed with three non-splitting genotypes, and the F1, F2, and F3 seedcoat generations were investigated to determine the inheritance of the seedcoat splitting trait and its effects on germination. Mature seeds were classified according to the number and extent of splits in the seedcoat. Individual seed weights and germination data were recorded. In crosses involving genotypes with large differences in seed weight, the F1 seedcoat generation tended to be closer to the smaller parent in splitting percentages. Highly significant phenotypic correlations were obtained between seed weight and seedcoat splitting which led to the conclusion that segregation for seed weight can confound or mask the seedcoat splitting trait. In crosses of geneotypes with similar seed weight, the...


This report is intended to present the Fiduccia Mattheyses (FM) heuristic for hypergraph bipartitioning as a method for solving large Boolean Satis ability (SAT) problems. We hope to extend the success of the FM heuristic in the partitioning domain to satis ability. This report outlines how a SAT problem can be viewed as a partitioning problem, which argues for the applicability of FM. Further, we present the software architecture and implementation of our SAT solver, inspired by a previous highly successful implementation of FM for hypergraph bipartitioning. We also brie y discuss experimental results that justify our belief that the FM heuristic shows promise in the satis ability domain.


The purpose of this paper is to extend the use of conversion-electron-yield (CEY) detection in in-situ zeolite analysis. The experimental results demonstrate that CEY detection for chemical state observation of 0.1 wt% Ni adsorbed on zeolite is attainable.


Vitamin D may play a role in mammary gland development and carcinogenesis ([1][1]). Results from our team and others ([2][2]-[4][3]) suggest that high vitamin D intakes/levels may reduce breast cancer risk and mammographic breast density (MBD), a strong and highly heritable breast cancer risk factor


This work was supported by grants from the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (JWA), OpenPlant Fund (MJ) and SynBio Fund (MJ).


The purposes of this study were to Identify the .level of measurement on quality Indicators and evaluate the existing indicators in order to determine the priority of quality indicators` application in Korean general hospitals. A survey was conducted using a questionnaire. The subjects were quality managers working at general hospital having over 300 beds. The criteria were relevance, reliability, precision, impact, application, and preference to evaluate quality indicators. According to these six criteria, each indicator was evaluated on a five point scale(5: excellent, 1: poor). The response rate was . The hospitals have monitored the average of 3.8 indicators(median 4). The indicators such as return to operating room, unplanned readmission, cancellation of booked operations, death, hospital infection, cesarean section rate, volume per disease or procedure, readmission, re-operation, blood transfusion, and post-procedural complications were frequently measured. The top ten quality indicators in the evaluation by its relevance, validity, reliability, impact, preference and application were decubitus ulcer, clean wound infection, fall, unplanned return to operation room, transfusion reactions, foreign body left In during procedure, unplanned readmission, wound infection after contaminated surgery, postoperative hemorrhage/hematoma, and cesarean section rate in order. The high priority quality indicators frequently measured could be used as primary national indicators. Standardized guidelines about monitoring indicators and the utilization will preliminarily be needed to compare and reuse the data for various purposes and improve the quality of care continuously.


Automated traffic data posted on the Internet by four cities has been continuously downloaded, processed, and archived for more than one year by an automated system developed by Oak Ridge National Laboratory and funded by the U.S. Bureau of Transportation Statistics. While the experimental system is still far from national in scale and scope, it has shown that automated collection and processing of local traffic data via the Internet for national purposes is feasible and practical. Strong seasonal patterns make it too early to estimate statistical models of traffic growth, but comparisons of the same months in 1998 and 1999 indicate changes ranging from 2% to 3% for the monitored systems. Direct measurements of delay on the monitored systems are lower than published estimates for previous years. Although some progress has been made in imputing missing data, it remains a major problem and better methods are needed


Arguing that summaries of 562 studies from 1985 through 1994 reveal that almost no attention is paid to the cognitive effects of Head Start programs, this report criticizes Head Start as being steadily and more generously funded without evidence that it helps children's scholastic achievements. The report criticizes available studies as practicing poor data analysis and omitting pertinent information. The report also argues that the only substantiated positive effects of Head Start include reduction of the number of children being sent to special education and reduced grade retention due to socialization factors alone. The first section of the report offers criticism of the data analysis and omission of information of an article by Schweinhart (1994) on the lasting benefits of preschool programs. The second section addresses the need to study more critically the data presented in research reports. The third section provides background information on early childhood education for disadvantaged youth in the United States. The final section describes reactions to Head Start weaknesses in Follow Through programs and the government support they received. The report concludes by noting that there are some lasting effects of Head Start, mainly of a non-significant variety, and that significance-producing programs should be looked at carefully and negative programs should be addressed for counter-productivity. (SD) ******************************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * ******************************************************************************** U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) liThis document has been reproduced as eceived from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. Cognitive Effects of Early Childhood Programs Herman Epstein 18 Lawrence Farm Road Woods Hole, MA 02543-1416 1 PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY


The paper presents the establishment of a linearised Phillips-Heffron model of a power system installed with a unified power flow controller (UPFC). On the basis of the linearised model, the damping function of the UPFC is investigated. Basic issues on the design of the UPFC damping controller are discussed, regarding the effectiveness and robustness of the damping function of the UPFC, among which the selection of effective and robust input control signals of the UPFC to superimpose its damping function is specially addressed. An example power system is presented.


MING YIP. (Berkeley: Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, Berkeley, 1984. 109 pp.) Woman in Rural China: Policy Towards Women Before and After the Cultural Revolution. By VIBEKE HEMMEL and PIA SINDBJERG. (London and Malmo: Curzon Press; Atlantic Highlands: Humanities Press, 1984. 155 pp.) Yan'an Women and the Communist Party. By PATRICIA STRANAHAN. (Berkeley: Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, Berkeley, 1983. 130 pp.) The Unfinished Liberation of Chinese Women, 1949-1980. By PHYLLIS ANDORS. (Bloomington: Indiana University Press; Sussex: Wheatsheaf Books, 1983. 212 pp.) Revolution Postponed: Women in Contemporary China. By MARGERY


Non-Indigenous activism in support of Indigenous struggles in south east Australia aims to redress colonialism. However, at times this activism is marked by colonialist attitudes and behaviours. This paper is my attempt to analyse and communicate the key issues raised at a forum in August 2010 which aimed to gather knowledge around the practice of solidarity with Indigenous struggles in south east Australia. The forum was generously hosted by the community-controlled organisation Melbourne Aboriginal Youth Sport and Recreation (MAYSAR), in Fitzroy, Melbourne.


A systematic analysis of effects of compressibility of water on hydrodynamic behaviour of axisymmetrical subsea storage tanks has been carried out, using a hybrid element method in the frequency domain. Including the compressibility of water it provides physically hydrodynamic damping at higher frequencies and it has substantial influence on added mass distribution and on hydrodynamic pressure distribution. The specific contribution of this study is that for certain frequencies of excitation the added mass for subsea structures becomes negative. The variation of hydrodynamic pressure, added mass and hydrodynamic damping coefficient with respect to the frequencies are presented.


of this is that the zone of crushed core will grow in a self-similar way. The stress along the crushed/non-crushed core interface must be constant and at, or just below, the plateau stress.


Modulating the metal-support interaction (MSI) have been of rational approach to enhance the kinetics of the supported Pt-based nanocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, sluggish activity and poor durability...


This paper considers the potential impact upon personal income taxes (PIT) of the acceleration of digitalisation and remote working due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The societal changes brought about by the digitalisation of the economy affect all areas of the tax system. Until now, however, most attention has centred on corporate income taxes, and to a lesser extent VAT. What has been comparatively neglected is how the spread of remote working – and particularly inter-jurisdictional remote working – has the potential to trigger very significant challenges to PIT systems. In this paper we argue that some remote working is set to continue post-pandemic, and that some of it is likely to be inter-jurisdictional. These mobile workers are likely to be at the top of the income distribution, and thus even assuming a small number of mobile workers revenues loses can be significant. In the UK we estimate that the overall revenue loss – i.e. combined PIT and SSCs revenues – could amount to between £6.5 billion and £32.5 billion. This new mobility of workers at the top of the income distribution is also likely to have distributional impact, as well as significant spillovers in other taxes, in particular for CIT and for consumption taxes. These challenges are particularly problematic for PIT systems -like that in the UK- which are heavily reliant on PITs as total percentage of revenue, as well as on a relatively small number of high-income – and now potentially mobile - taxpayers. We conclude that the challenges of adapting our tax systems to a digital economy are far from over; indeed, they have just started.


The study of output characteristics of shrapnel fuze dynamotor used to be carried out in closed test section wind-tunnel. But we find through many experiments that wind-tunnel with closed test section is neither suitable for the output characteristics study of shrapnel fuze dynamotor nor suitable for the study of resistive characteristics of dynamotor because of its own interference effects. So a fitted supersonic jet setup was developed, based on the theories of aerodynamics and experimental aerodynamics, and used in the study of dynamotor characteristics. And Laval nozzle is used to replace the gas duct of dynamotor. The results show that fuze dynamotor with Laval nozzle can work at a wide range of flying speeds and it is convenient to control or adjust the angular speed of dynamotor.


This study investigates a multi-item fi nite production rate(FPR-) based system incorporating a delayed product differentiation policy and common parts' outsourcing strategy. A two-stage fabrication scheme is proposed, wherein, in stage one, all common parts of the end products (assuming they have a known completion rate as compared with the fi nished products) are partially produced in-house and partially supplied by an outside contractor with an extra unit outsourcing; in stage two, all end products are fi nished in sequence, under a rotation fabrication cycle time discipline. An explicit model is developed to clearly represent the proposed problem. Through the optimization technique, the optimal rotation cycle decision is obtained. Thus, diverse characteristics of this particular multi-item, FPR-based system with postponement and outsourcing strategies can now be revealed. As demonstrated by numerical illustrations, these characteristics include the (i) convexity of the system cost function, (ii) impact of common parts' outsourcing strategy on the utilization, (iii) breakup of system cost components, (iv) combined impact of the outsourcing ratio and common parts' completion rate on the system cost function, and (v) effect of the outsourcing ratio on optimal rotation cycle decision. Our decision-support-type system can facilitate production managers in achieving their goals of reducing orders' response times and minimizing the overall system cost.


In this work, we approach the possibilities of infrared thermography for non-destructive testing of metallic materials. We show that the passive alternative of the method makes it possible to improve detection of surface defects existing in deep-drawn parts and visible to the naked eye. We then show that active infrared thermography, in particular coupled with induction excitation, can replace in certain cases the magnetic particle inspection, allowing the detection of very fine defects in forged parts. Finally, the study of a stepped block confirms the possibilities of active infrared thermography to detect defects not open to the surface and underlying defects.


Preference data represent a particular type of ranking data where a group of people give their preferences over a set of alternatives. The traditional metrics between rankings do not take into account the importance of swapping elements similar among them (element weights) or elements belonging to the top (or to the bottom) of an ordering (position weights). Following the structure of the τx proposed by Emond and Mason and the class of weighted Kemeny–Snell distances, a proper rank correlation coefficient is defined for measuring the correlation among weighted position rankings without ties. The one‐to‐one correspondence between the weighted distance and the rank correlation coefficient holds, analytically speaking, using both equal and decreasing weights. In order to determine the consensus ranking among rankings, related to a set of subjects, the new coefficient is maximized modifying suitably a branch‐and‐bound algorithm proposed in literature.


Deep reinforcement learning for interactive multimodal robots is attractive for endowing machines with trainable skill acquisition. But this form of learning still represents several challenges. The challenge that we focus in this paper is effective policy learning. To address that, in this paper we compare the Deep Q-Networks (DQN) method against a variant that aims for stronger decisions than the original method by avoiding decisions with the lowest negative rewards. We evaluated our baseline and proposed algorithms in agents playing the game of Noughts and Crosses with two grid sizes (3×3 and 5×5). Experimental results show evidence that our proposed method can lead to more effective policies than the baseline DQN method, which can be used for training interactive social robots.


When Senior Editor Maureen Rouhi suggested that she go to Iran, both Managing Editor Rudy Baum and I were baffled. "Why," we asked in stereo, "would you want to do that?" We both felt that there were other areas of the world that needed attention; Iran was pretty far down on our list. Rouhi made a compelling case, however. First, she pointed to a C&EN story from last November. In that story, Rouhi reminded us, London-based Senior Editor Patricia Layman had written about a briefing with the London financial community on investment opportunities being opened up by the Iranian petrochemical industry. Next, Rouhi argued convincingly that although small by comparison with Saudi Arabia's petrochemical industry, Iran's burgeoning industry has huge potential to be a major competitor with that Middle Eastern giant. She also persuaded us that C&EN readers would be interested in a story on how science is conducted in an Islamic state. Finally, Rouhi ...


We present a catalogue of 3405 X-ray sources from the ROSAT All Sky Survey (RASS) Bright Source Catalogue which fall within the area covered by the 6dF Galaxy Survey (6dFGS). The catalogue is count-rate limited at 0.05 cts s−1 in the X-ray and covers the area of sky with δ 10°. The RASS–6dFGS sample was one of the additional target catalogues of the 6dFGS and as a result we obtained optical spectra for 2224 (65 per cent) RASS sources. Of these, 1715 (77 per cent) have reliable redshifts with a median redshift of z= 0.16 (excluding the Galactic sources). For the optically bright sources (bJ≤ 17.5) in the observed sample, over 90 per cent have reliable redshifts. The catalogue mainly comprises quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) and active galaxies but also includes 238 Galactic sources. Of the sources with reliable redshifts the majority are type 1 active galactic nuclei (AGN, 69 per cent), while 12 per cent are type 2 AGN, 6 per cent absorption-line galaxies and 13 per cent are stars. We also identify a small number of optically faint, very low redshift, compact objects which fall outside the general trend in the bJ−z plane. The RASS–6dFGS catalogue complements a number of Northern hemisphere samples, particularly the ROSAT Bright Source Catalogue–NRAO VLA Sky Survey (RBSC–NVSS) sample (Bauer et al. 2000), and furthermore, in the same region of sky (−40° < δ < 0°) reveals an additional 561 sources that were not identified as part of that sample.

We detect 918 sources (27 per cent) of the RASS–6dFGS sample in the radio using either the 1.4 GHz NVSS or the 843 MHz Sydney University Molonglo Sky Survey (SUMSS) catalogues and find that the detection rate changes with redshift. At redshifts larger than 1 virtually all of these sources have radio counterparts and with a median flux density of 1.15 Jy, they are much stronger than the median flux density of 28.6 mJy for the full sample. We attribute this to the fact that the X-ray flux of these objects is being boosted by a jet component, possibly Doppler boosted, that is only present in radio-loud AGN.

The RASS–6dFGS sample provides a large set of homogeneous optical spectra ideal for future studies of X-ray emitting AGN.


SUMMARY In this paper, the Fourier expansion-based differential quadrature (FDQ) and the polynomial-based differential quadrature (PDQ) methods are applied to simulate the natural convection in a concentric annulus with a horizontal axis. The comparison and grid independence of PDQ and FDQ results are studied in detail. It was found that both PDQ and FDQ can obtain accurate numerical solutions using just a few grid points and requiring very small computational resources. It was demonstrated in the paper that the FDQ method can be applied to a periodic problem or a non-periodic problem. When FDQ is applied to a non-periodic problem (half of annulus), it can achieve the same order of accuracy as the PDQ method. And when FDQ is applied to the periodic problem (whole annulus), it is very efficient for low Rayleigh numbers. However, its efficiency is greatly reduced for the high Rayleigh numbers. The benchmark solution for Ra10 2 ,1 0 3 ,3 10 3 ,6 10 3 ,1 0 4 ,5 10 4 are also presented in the paper. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


There is a quickly increasing wealth of experimental data on so‐called dusty plasmas i. e. ionized gases or usual plasmas that contain micron sized charged particles. Interest in these structures is driven both by their importance in many astrophysical as well as commercial situations. Among them are linear and nonlinear wave phenomena. We consider the influence of dust charge fluctuations on stability of the ion‐acoustic waves when the stream of particles is present. It is assumed that all grains of dust have equal masses but charges are not constant in time‐they may fluctuate in time. The dust charges are not really independent of the variations of the plasma potentials. All modes will influence the charging mechanism, and feedback will lead to several new interesting and unexpected phenomena. The charging of the grains depends on local plasma characteristics. If the waves disturb these characteristic, then charging of the grains is affected and the grain charge is modified, with a resulting feedback on...


Expert systems are strongly characterised by their use of a large collection of domain specific knowledge acquired from human experts. Several data structures, have been proposed and used in the past for storing this knowledge. Some of the popularly used structures are (i) Frames, (ii) Scripts, (iii) Semantic Nets and (iv) Production rules. Knowledge acquired from the expert over a length of time tends to be inconsistent and redundant thus requiring enormous amount of storage space. Clustering algorithms can be successfully employed to modify the knowledge base so as to make it concise and consistent. Similarity measure has been defined between patterns represented as (i) production rules and semantic Nets and used for clustering. Frame is a structure that captures the hierarchical relationship between several concepts characterizing a pattern and/or subpatterns. Frame is viewed as a collection of concepts which are related to one another through a binary predicate. Clustering is used to group various patterns belonging to a set of classes and obtain a super concept. Similarity between two patterns is defined using a linear structure corresponding to the original hierarchical representation. The above conversion is obtained using a suitable tree-traversal scheme. Several operations defined on the hierarchical data structure is used to define the similarity measure among pattern/pattern classes. The similarity measure between patterns represented as concept frames is used along with a hierarchical agglomerative clustering algorithm to reduce the size of the knowledge base.


A series of 3,5-diisopropylpyrazolates of magnesium, calcium, and strontium in addition to a divalent europium analog continues our investigation on the differences and similarities between the alkaline earth and divalent rare earth metal elements. The alkane elimination reaction between dibutylmagnesium and excess 3,5-diisopropylpyrazole (iPr 2 pzH) in toluene afforded the dinuclear magnesium pyrazolate [(Mg(iPr 2 pz) 2 (iPr 2 pzH)} 2 ] (1). [(Ca(iPr 2 Pz) 2 (iPr 2 PzH] 2 } 2 ] (2) and [{Eu(iPr2pz)2(iPr2pzH)2}2] (3) were obtained as the product of redox-transmetallation/ligand-exchange reactions between an excess of the corresponding metal, 2 equiv. of iPr 2 PzH, and Hg(C 6 F 5 ) 2 in toluene. This reaction with Sr metal led to the isolation of a unique byproduct, [Hg 3 (iPr 2 pz) 4 -(C 6 F 5 ) 2 ] (4). High-temperature direct metallation of barium with iPr 2 pzH afforded [(Ba(iPr 2 Pz) 2 (PY) 3 } 2 ] (5) upon treatment of the hydrocarbon-insoluble homoleptic [(Ba(iPr 2 Pz) 2 } n ] with pyridine (py). X-ray crystal structure analyses revealed dinuclear structures for compounds 1-3 and 5 with μ-η n :η m bridging pyrazolato ligands, including the new μ-η 1 :η 5 linkage, and further stabilization of 1-3 by intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the terminal pyrazole donor and terminal 1 or bridging pyrazolato ligands in 2 and 3. The trinuclear 4 displays the first example of a complex with an open, triangular Hg3 unit. It has μ-η 1 :η 1 bridging pyrazolato ligands and terminal pentafluorophenyl groups.


A thermostabile bactericidal substance has been demonstrated to occur in human serum, particularly during fever; its effect was particularly seen in tests with a strain of meningococcus highly susceptible to the bactericidal substances of serum. The thermostabile bactericidal substance was found besides in some few other cases, namely, in tests with two different strains of men-ingococci, with three strains of Pfeiffer bacilli and with almost the same frequency as with the highly susceptible meningococcus strain in tests with a strain of Diplococcus crassus.
 The thermostabile bactericidal substance is found to occur primarily in the serum of febrile patients; in tests with a highly susceptible meningococcus strain the thermostabile substance was demonstrable in 85 per cent of the febrile patients examined, one fourth showing a very marked action. The thermostabile substance could not be demonstrated in 90 per cent of the non-febrile patients.
 Injection of sulfosin seems to stimulate the organism to produce a thermostabile bactericidal substance.
 Increase of the bactericidal substances in active serum was found in tests against a diplococcus strain, a phenomenon which is probably elicited only under quite special conditions.
 The thermostabile bactericidal substance seems to keep well in vitro.
 The thermostabile bactericidal substance possesses an enzymic property, since it did not become fixed in absorption tests with the meningococcus strain which was killed by it.


1. Introduction
The research project as a whole examined the factors that bear on the accessibility of online published professional information within the National Health Service (NHS) in England, and the implications that these have for library and information services.

The overall aim of this study was to investigate the apparent disjunction between stated policy regarding evidence-based practice and professional learning, and actual IT (information technology) strategy, service delivery and security practice at NHS trust level, from both technical and organisational perspectives. The presentation discusses the following specific issues:
1) the nature and extent of restrictions on access to websites and web applications within NHS organisations;
2) the impacts of these on professional information seeking and working practices;
3) the technical and organisational factors which bear on how web security is implemented within NHS trusts, in relation to overall organisational priorities and strategies.

2. Methods
The study adopted a qualitative case study method, taking three NHS trusts of different types for its setting. The lead researcher [CE] conducted a total of 40 semi-structured interviews with library and workforce development staff, IT managers, information governance managers, and clinical professionals. Interview findings are set in the context of the trusts' and other relevant reports, policies, strategies and standards.

3. Results
Staff in the teaching hospital trust experienced the greatest number of obstacles to information seeking caused by the blocking of legitimate websites ('false positives'). This affected the work of clinical educators in particular.
Much decision-making in relation to information security issues seemed to be tacit. IT security managers reported not having the time to evaluate the effectiveness or impact of the web security devices they deploy on NHS networks. They were likely to accept the default configurations and categorisations of content offered by the suppliers. The focus of their attention appeared to be on the potential security risks posed by 'recreational'/non-work use of the web.

4. Conclusions
Little attention has been paid within the NHS information systems community to the issue of access to legitimate published information. The focus is heavily on the secure and appropriate management of clinical records and systems. Community-based staff appeared to be more likely (than their hospital-based colleagues) to be significantly disadvantaged by restrictive access control policies.


In this research, we investigate the possibility of applying ranking task activity in teaching and learning software engineering courses. We introduce three types of ranking tasks, conceptual-, contextual- and sequential ranking questions, which cover most core topics such as requirement analysis, architecture design and quality validation in the course. We have also done experiments on a group of students to see if ranking tasks could increase their conceptual knowledge in specific areas. Assessments were given in order to evaluate the effectiveness of this activity, showing an obvious increase in complex conceptual understanding.


Purpose To select the most appropriate extraction process and processing conditions of Huperzine A extraction based on the preliminary studies of four extraction process.Methods Extraction process were optimized by acid leaching,microwave assisted acid leaching,ultrasonic assisted acid leaching and Soxhlet extraction with the yield indexes of Huperzine A as a standard and a synthetical comparison among these four extraction process was given.Results The results showed that the most appropriate extraction process was ultrasonic assisted acid leaching and the optimum extracting process was as following:using 1.5% tartaric acid to douse the Huperzine A for 24 h at tartaric acid Huperzine A ratio(w/v) of 20:1,conducting ultrasonic-assistant extraction for 10 min.Conclusion The content of Huperzine A from two places is 0.0458% and 0.0369% respectively.The recovery of standard addition was 97.6%~103.6 %,the relative standard deviation(n=6) was 0.53%~1.69%.This method is feasible,simple,quick,and with good reproducibility.


This study compared three human-computer interface designs for a report modification task. The designs varied as a function of dialog style. One design represented a command dialog style, another design represented a form fill-in style, and the third design was a hybrid of the two styles. The performance of computer naive subjects was recorded as they used all three interface designs to make changes to the format of a computer generated tabular report. Results indicated that subjects performed better with and preferred to use the interface based on the form fill-in style. The conclusion was that a human-computer interface designed around a form fill-in dialog style will benefit naive computer users engaged in tasks like the report formatting task, which require the modification of a small set of parameters.


Low demand from China - the single largest buyer of chemical-grade chromite, which is used in the local dying and tanning industry as well as in chemicals manufacturing - was the main driver of the price decline. On January 2, the Industrial Minerals price assessment for chemical-grade chromite was $250-270 per tonne fob South Africa while foundry grade chromite, wet bulk, was assessed at $400-450 per tonne fob South Africa.


For Judaism there are two core mandates—justice and holiness. Jews should be fully engaged with the world. There is no other way to bring about justice. Yet holiness requires the Jewish people to establish some separation from the world. This paradox is common to virtually all religions. In this article, Rabbi Sid Schwarz analyzes the five Jewish values that stand at the core of Jewish teachings about social justice: Kavod Habriot (dignity of all creatures), Chesed (lovingkindness), Lo Ta'amod (You Shall Not Stand Idly By), Darchei Shalom (Ways of Peace) and Ahavat Ger (loving the stranger).


The current gold standard of response assessment in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is morphologic complete remission (CR) and CR with incomplete count recovery (CRi), both of which require an invasive BM evaluation. Outside of clinical trials, BM evaluations are only performed in ~50% of patients during follow‐up, pinpointing a clinical need for response endpoints that do not necessitate BM assessments. We define and validate a new response type termed "peripheral blood complete remission" (PB‐CR) that can be determined from the differential blood count and clinical parameters without necessitating a BM assessment. We compared the predictive value of PB‐CR with morphologic CR/CRi in 1441 non‐selected, consecutive patients diagnosed with MDS (n = 522; 36.2%), CMML (n = 132; 9.2%), or AML (n = 787; 54.6%), included within the Austrian Myeloid Registry (aMYELOIDr; NCT04438889). Time‐to‐event analyses were adjusted for 17 covariates remaining in the final Cox proportional hazards (CPH) model. DeepSurv, a CPH neural network model, and permutation‐based feature importance were used to validate results. 1441 patients were included. Adjusted median overall survival for patients achieving PB‐CR was 22.8 months (95%CI 18.9–26.2) versus 10.4 months (95%CI 9.7–11.2) for those who did not; HR = 0.366 (95%CI 0.303–0.441; p < .0001). Among patients achieving CR, those additionally achieving PB‐CR had a median adjusted OS of 32.6 months (95%CI 26.2–49.2) versus 21.7 months (95%CI 16.9–27.7; HR = 0.400 [95%CI 0.190–0.844; p = .0161]) for those who did not. Our deep neural network analysis‐based findings from a large, prospective cohort study indicate that BM evaluations solely for the purpose of identifying CR/CRi can be omitted.


Objective To evaluate the biological compatibility of made in China carbon fiber-reiforced post composites. Methods Six New Zealand rabbits were included in the study.The post composite was implanted into the subcutaneous and the bone of the rabits.The histoligical changes of the tissue around the posts were observed by microscope 2,4,8 weeks after surgery. Results The tissue around the composite did not show obvious inflammatory responses,and the formation of fiber capsule and new bones were normal. Conclusion The biological compatibility of the tested post composites meets the national standard.


Long-term performance data has been taken of the NR-6 Johns Hopkins-built hydrogen maser. Data on frequency stability relative to the ensemble of worldwide atomic standards whose data are reported by The Bureau of International de l'Heure (BIH) [1] spans two years. As a clock, this instrument has performed as well as the best standards of Germany and Canada who also report performance through the BIH.


Modern vehicles produce big data with a wide variety of formats due to missing open standards. Thus, abstractions of such data in the form of descriptive labels are desired to facilitate the development of applications in the automotive domain. We propose an approach to reduce vehicle sensor data into semantic outcomes of dangerous driving events based on aggressive maneuvers. The supervised time-series classification is implemented with Random Forest and Recurrent Neural Network separately. Our approach works with signals of a real vehicle obtained through a back-end solution, with the challenge of low and variable sampling rates. We introduce the idea of having a dangerous driving classifier as the first discriminant of relevant instances for further enrichment (e.g., type of maneuver). Additionally, we suggest a method to increment the number of driving samples for training machine learning models by weighting the window instances based on the portion of the labeled event they include. We show that a dangerous driving classifier can be used as a first discriminant to enable data integration and that transitions in driving events are relevant to consider when the dataset is limited, and sensor data has a low and unreliable frequency.


Nutrition recommendations in symptoms of postgastrectomy syndroms is very different. The calculation of regimen using the parenteral and enteral alimentation may be established in the control test of definition of fecal short-chain fatty acids and microflora in such patients. Probiotics attach to the intestinal wall and protect it from the attacks of pathologic microorganisms. Probiotics are especially useful in the complex treatment of postgastrectomy syndroms.


Eight wheat varieties viz. NI-5439. NI-747-19, NI-146. Sonalika, DWR-39, MACS-1967, C-306 and WH-147 were evaluated for their tolerance to both black and brown rusts. All the varieties except NI-5439 and Sohalika have shown reduction in yield due to higher rust intensity. These two varieties, despite suffering heavily form stem and leaf rust infection under artificial epiphytotic condition of inoculation, suffered less so for as the grain yield is concerned. Thus these two varieties can be rated as tolerant.


An ambient light sensor integrated in a compact fluorescent lamp that, in turn, may include a controller and a radiation source. The ambient light sensor may include a radiation receiver to receive and filter incident radiation to obtain a value of the level of infrared radiation, and an electronic module to determine if the value is above a reference threshold value to enable the controller to switch the state of the radiation source.


The paper found some problems by research of tourism administration in Si Chuan when dealing with 512 WenChuan Earthquake, which include both confused management system and misunderstanding of disaster risk management concept. It showed that earthquake forecasting or prediction is essentially a misconception in earthquake disaster reduction by extensive analyzing both from the theory and the practice. It can hardly give a definite forecasting according to the current technology and it's no use of reducing the impacts of disasters. The paper emphasized it is necessary to change ideas for government and stokeholds on natural disaster and implement risk management of disasters. It's impossible to avoid a natural disaster but could reduce the impacts with maximum from a disaster by risk management. It's an effective approach to enhance the vulnerability and minimize the losses. It will become a better methodology to confront the natural disaster in the future.


Abstract. Mosquito responses to carbon dioxide were investigated in Noungou village, 30 km northeast of Ouagadougou in the Sudan savanna belt of Burkina Faso, West Africa. Species of primary interest were the main malaria vectors Anopheles gambiae S.S. and An.arabiensis, sibling species belonging to the An.gambiae complex. Data forAn.finestus, An.pharoensis, Culex quinquefasciatus and Mansonia uniformis were also analysed.


Over the past decade, historians of British art have become increasingly interested in the structure of the British state and in its relationship to fine art. Art historians have initiated what could be termed a "political turn" in the field through a series of studies on slavery and the Black Atlantic, empire and national identity, and the heterodox nature, both public and private, of British cultural institutions. This essay examines the timing of this political turn, and it discusses recent monographs, edited volumes, and exhibition catalogues dealing with visual art and the state between the Jacobite Rebellion of 1745 and the full emancipation of slaves in 1838.


This paper expounds the general development situation of the public health cause in China, deeply analyzes the development status of and existing problems in the public health cause of Shanxi Province, puts forward some relevant measures for further strengthening the public health cause of Shanxi Province, and points out some development emphases of the public health cause of Shanxi Province.


The invention discloses a surface enhanced Raman scattering-based micro-fluidic chip. The chip comprises a chip substrate and a chip cover plate just covering the chip substrate, wherein the chip cover plate is provided with a first micro-channel, a second micro-channel, a third micro-channel, a liquid feeding channel and a liquid discharging channel. The invention also discloses a detection system containing the chip. The detection system comprises a leading-in optical fiber arranged at the end of the surface enhanced Raman scattering-based micro-fluidic chip and an optical fiber Bragg grating, wherein the surface enhanced Raman scattering-based micro-fluidic chip, the leading-in optical fiber and the optical fiber Bragg grating are detachably installed on a same base. The surface enhanced Raman scattering-based micro-fluidic chip employs a total-reflection liquid core waveguide to reduce transmission loss of a single and increase a transmission distance. When applied to the detection system, the surface enhanced Raman scattering-based micro-fluidic chip can improve detection sensitivity of Raman signals and improves repeatability of the Raman signals by using mean action of the liquid core waveguide on long-distance transmission. The invention also provides a preparation method for the chip.


The significance of these diseases was discussed from two viewpoints: the direct transfer of disease by parasites or by consumption of diseased meat and milk, and the reduction of food supplies caused by outbreaks of animal disease. Enzootic, epizootic, and zoonotic diseases were considered, along with means by which the diseases are transmitted. Some were examined because they present partic-ular economic and public health threats; others because the study of animal diseases may enlighten students of human afflictions.


The article analyzes existing methods for calculating no-load losses of a transformer. The disadvantages of approaches used today are noted and a method is given for calculating losses based on the geometry of transformer, as well as the type of steel used. Particular attention is paid to the issue of no-load current active component asymmetry of three-phase transformer.


This article traces the historical development of the origins of the modern law of force majeure from the ancient doctrines of pacta sunt servanda and rebus sic stantibus. It argues that while the national (domestic) conceptions of force majeure, Impossibility, Frustration, etc., evolved out of these two competing ancient doctrines, force majeure and the like can now be considered an autonomous international commercial norm, as embodied in Article 79 of the UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG). In this manner, under the neutral wording of "impediment beyond his control" in Article 79 — stands an autonomous international norm that is capable of relative uniformity within the context of the CISG's goal for a sales law that is truly transnational in design.As autonomous international sales law under the CISG, it is part of the lexicon of the new lex mercatoria. This development plays a crucial role for uniformity in international sales law. It supports the idea that in certain cases, particularly in international commercial transactions, individual domestic legal doctrines may ultimately coalesce into autonomous international principles, regardless of their distinctive development in independent legal jurisdictions. Such a development also questions the role of the state in the creation of legal orders. The emergence of an autonomous legal principle — an "impediment beyond his control" — is evidence of an international commercial lingua franca and a new lex mercatoria. As such, this private law-making supports the growth of an autonomous global legal order that is independent of the national sovereign. This development affects traditional (i.e. state-based) legal boundaries, and suggests important implications for transnational law and global governance.


At present,China is changing from a planned economy to a market economy;one also observes the rapid development of modern educational technology and communications technology;online universities are mushrooming fast;and China is at the edge of entering the World Trade Organization.Under these circumstances,the major factor which affects the development of television universities is competition among various education providers.The key for success in the competition is system development.


We have read with great interest the article by Altman et al. 1 recently published in the European Heart Journal –Cardiovascular Imaging . We wish to congratulate the authors on their study, which showed that three-dimensional (3D) speckle-tracking echocardiography allows accurate and accelerated analysis of deformation when compared with a two-dimensional (2D) technique. However, we would like to discuss a methodological aspect, which may be appropriate for future analysis.

One …


In this paper proposed a hybrid model for feature selection and intrusion detection. Feature selection is important issue in intrusion detection. The selection of feature in attack attribute and normal traffic attribute is challenging task. The selection of known and unknown attack is also faced a problem of classification. PCNN is dynamic network used for the process of feature selection in classification. The dynamic nature of PCNN select attribute on selection of entropy. The attribute entropy is high the feature value of PCNN network is selected and the attribute value is low the PCNN feature selector reduces the value of feature selection. After selection of feature the Gaussian kernel of support vector machine is integrated for classification. Our detection rate is very high in compression of other neural network model such as RBF neural network and SOM network. For the empirical evaluation used KDDCUP99 dataset and measure detection rate precision and recall of proposed model.


In the work of Mohawk visual artist Shelley Niro native stereotypes are deconstructed while at the same time racial identity is not taken as historically fixed and timeless. Rather, identity is understood as an ongoing formative process whereby the vitality of culture is measured in the creative energy of adaptation and appropriation (among other traits) in the expression of tradition and in the face of the consequences of contemporary history. As a reviewer of her photography series Mohawks in Beehives notes: "[Niro's] work is situated in a contemporary reality of what it means to be a First Nations woman. Her references to soap operas, the Canadian national anthem, Hollywood and fifties' lifestyle complete with hairdryers, articulate an identity that has to do with lived experience rather than some essentialist or nostalgic cultural identity." (1) At the same time her artwork provides a vital critical engagement with western hegemony, humorously sketching the kitsch of consumerist media culture as marker of the more oppressive and assimilationist political project. While the above reviewer's description of the artwork suggests a postmodern appeal to the surfaces of consumer culture, what also emerges is an understanding of identity that consists of more than fashion and artifact. Indeed, it is the very subject of identity rather than "difference" that troubles the seductive surfaces of the postmodern. In Niro's films It Starts with a Whisper (co-directed with Anna Gronau, 1993) and Honey Moccasin (1998) the grim stereotype image of the disenfranchised native typically found on Canadian television is replaced by characters who have a sophisticated historical consciousness and desire to navigate the flux of identity formed out of tradition, everyday reality, dominant media culture, and the creative process of change. (2) In contrast, mainstream or what I call the "good liberal" narrative of First Nation experience, while often examining the important issues of residential schools, racism, and the economic dislocation of many reservation residents, often also articulate the native as a sad figure of traditional culture unable to adapt to contemporary reality and accordingly doomed to disappear. As Daniel Francis points out, the prediction of the vanishing native informs the historical breadth of contact with white Europeans, notwithstanding the necessity of native assistance to early settlers and participation in the fur trade. The narrative of a vanishing people becomes especially dominant as Canada shifts from a fur-trade and resource colony to an agricultural and increasingly industrialized political economy by the end of the nineteenth century. With settlement emerges the culture industry and the museumization of the native as noble figure of the past. According to Francis: "While artists like Emily Carr lamented the fate of the Indian, their success was predicated on it. Having first of all destroyed many aspects of Native culture, White society now turned around and admired its own recreations of what it had destroyed. To the extent that they suffered any guilt over what had happened to the Native people, Whites relieved it by preserving evidence of the supposedly dying culture. Whites convinced themselves that they were in this way saving the Indians." (3) As a kind of antidote to the history of this bad medicine, the spirit voices who visit the main character Shanna in It Starts with a Whisper quietly urge: "Shanna don't be sad we made it through another year, a short five hundred years. Next year will be better." It is this irony, subtle wit, and assertion of the complexity of identity in relation to the long road of history that characterizes Niro's films. It is an identity which is not simply a reproduction of the grim Canadian cultural cliche of survival; rather, it is shaped by a self-referential awareness of process and change emergent with the creative act of performance and perception. In a curatorial statement from 1994 Shelley Niro affirms the longstanding importance of image-making in First Nations culture, from the design of Iroquois wampum belts to record legal transactions to the importance of totem poles for west coast natives: "Art was not a superfluous pastime but part of peoples' own physical reality. …


FIELD: food industry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to food compositions. The energy composition contains methylated xanthine, a choline derivative and at least one flavour in an amount sufficient for imparting an attractive taste to the energy composition. Additionally, the energy composition may contain vitamins, amino acids, preserving agents and so on. EFFECT: energy value enhancement. 22 cl


The present invention makes it possible to diagnose affective disorders, mutations in 5'UTR region or 3'UTR regions, exon 3, 5, 6, 8 or 13 or intron 1,3,4,5,6,7 , mutations in 9,11 or 12, or a deletion in exon 13, a nucleic acid molecule encoding the ATP-gated ion channel P2X7R, preferably relates to the genomic sequence. The present invention further provides a polypeptide encoded by said nucleic acid molecules, vectors and host cells comprising said nucleic acid molecule further relates to a method for producing a polypeptide encoded by said nucleic acid molecule. The present invention is also the antibodies that specifically target the polypeptide encoded by the nucleic acid molecule, and also aptamers said nucleic acid molecule that specifically binds to provide. Additionally, primers for selectively amplifying said nucleic acid molecule, more kits, compositions, pharmaceutical compositions and diagnostic compositions particularly comprising said nucleic acid molecules, vectors, polypeptides, aptamers, antibodies and / or primers also provided in the present invention. In addition, the present invention is non-functional P2X7R protein, changes in ATP-gating of the P2X7R protein, due to over-expression or low expression of P2X7R protein or of any of the aforementioned nucleic acid molecules or polypeptides encoded thereby also it relates to a method for diagnosing an affective disorder associated with the presence. In addition, the present invention also relates to usage and methods for treating affective disorders using functional or non-functional ATP-gated ion channel P2X7R. The present invention also relates to use of a modulator of P2X7R activity for treating affective disorders. Furthermore, the present invention also relates to the polypeptides of the invention specifically interact, or methods for the identification and characterization of compounds capable of changing the characteristics, and the manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions also it relates to a method for.


In this paper an algebraic structure namely flower has been considered. This paper presents the notation of the direct product of two flowers and studied some of its basic properties. Then, this notation has been generalized to a finite family of flowers. Furthermore, the notation of  flower homomorphism  has been also studied with some of its properties. We proved some properties in view of these notations.


Antrodia cinnamomea is a rare and precious medicinal mushroom endemic to Taiwan. This fungal parasite grown inner cavity of age old Cinnamomum kanehirai Hayata(Lauraceae), an endemic tree species in Taiwan. The aborigines of Taiwan used A. cinnamomea as a health promoting herb and also used for increase liver function [1,2]. Additionally, it has been used as a folk remedy to treat liver disease, drug and food intoxication, diarrhea, abdominal pain, hypertension, skin itches and tumorigenic diseases [2-4]. Recently, the biologic activities of A. cinnamomea have been widely studied based on the traditional knowledge and its therapeutic effects. Increasing evidences support the benefits of A. cinnamomea possessed various pharmacological effects, including anti-cancer [5-7], immunomodulatory [8-10], anti-inflammation [11,12], hepatoprotective [13-15], antioxidant [16,17] and neuroprotective effects [18, 19]. The major components of A. cinnamomea were identified including terpenoids, polysaccharides, benzenoids, lignans, nucleic acid, benzoquinone derivatives, steroids, and maleic/succinic acid derivatives [2,4]. A recent revealed that the stage of development, culture and storage conditions affect the components of mushroom, such as triterpenoids are predominantly found in fruiting body of A. cinnamomea [2]. Research Article


Based on analysis of the defects of home-made vacuum fish pump, an improved new machine with dual-vacuumizing method of discharging both air and water was designed and made, for the principle of creating vacuum by increasing vacuum space was widely applied at home and abroad. According to the program processing results and technical parameters of vacuum pump and water pump, fish pump was assembled and tests of pumping live fish were carried out in a pool. It was indicated that the curve of pressure variation in the tank fluctuated a little due to unstable discharging efficiency of the vacuum pump. However, the trends of both experimental and theoretical curves were almost same. Suction time with water pump ON was about 10s longer than that with pump OFF, which showed that the flow velocity in the suction pipe increased markedly. Therefore, the method using water pump to discharge water was effective to cooperate the vacuum pump to reduce the tank pressure, prolong the suction time and reduce the machine size. Shorter suction time and higher suction velocity could be obtained when initial tank pressure was set at 2mH_2O compared with 4mH_2O. 13 kg live fish (body length 150-180 mm) was pumped within 20 s by this pump and 2 t fish might be caught within 1 hr.


ABSTRACT The offshore industry faces continuous challenges as new applications (such as floating wind turbines, wave energy converters, etc.) are being proposed and old applications (such as offshore oil and gas floating units) are being installed in deeper waters. Mooring systems are among those that have faced the greatest evolution, mostly due to the recent successful use of synthetic fibre ropes. The complex mechanical loads to which these systems are subjected during service, in combination with their inherent nonlinear mechanical behaviour, call for the use of numerical techniques for the prediction of their stress and strain response. Although there can be found a considerable amount of proposed models in the specialised literature, it is noted that the great majority of them is developed to be used with very specific materials, or to model few specific phenomenon, such as creep, relaxation, or monotonic load, for instance. With that in mind, the major contribution of the present paper is that it proposes a constitutive framework that accurately predicts the stress-strain response under cyclic load of four of the most used fibres in synthetic mooring ropes, namely, polyester, high modulus polyethylene, polyamide and aramid. A polyester subrope was also modelled, which shows the robustness of the proposed methodology.


Professional orientation of young people as a system of interaction of a person and education functions in the context of the characteristics of the region and of the regional education, which at the same time, have the potential for its development.


(' and this is the word [A.V. manner] of the release ') is a formula with which Sg appears to cite older laws (see ig~; cf. 183).' The expression of uncertainty which is contained in the ' appears' may have had very good reasons. Steuernagel (Rahmen des Dt. pp. 24 f.) lays emphasis also upon this, that Sg is certainly acquainted with the pentateuchal source J, and perhaps with E, but that Pl had very probably only E before him.' This, however, is uncertain. Even Steuemagel himself (Dt. 1898, p. xxxi) says : ' It cannot be decided whether Sg used the composite J E, or only J, or E.' These remarks do not appear to me to be calculated to strengthen the force of the argument drawn from the interchange of ' 'thou' and ye.' On the other hand, Steuernagel himself (Dt. 1898, p. xxiii) confesses that the difference of spirit which prevails in Sg and PI respectively is not such that the one excluded the other.'


PURPOSE: A waterproof/anticorrosive agent is provided to have excellent adhesive strength by using a surface preparation material layer and organic and inorganic hybrid coating agent layer consisting of a magnesia phosphate composite. CONSTITUTION: A waterproof/anticorrosive agent consists of a surface controlling agent layer(20) and an organic and inorganic hybrid coating agent layer. The surface controlling composite is formed of a magnesia phosphate composite and is spread on the surface of a concrete structure. The magnesia phosphate composite comprises 10-50 parts by weight of magnesia, 10-40 parts by weight of phosphate salt, 5-40 parts by weight of fly ash, 20-50 parts by weight of filler, 0.5-10 parts by weight of retarder, and 0.1-10 parts by weight of an additive. The organic and inorganic hybrid coating agent layer consists of an inorganic sol-epoxy mixture and a curing agent.


This paper provides a brief historical review of organizationa l designs and the management perpersonalities appropriate to various patterns. Attributes of excellent contemporary ccfflnpanies are examined as they relate to value engineering/ value analysis techniques and programs. Major emphasis is on the ways VE/VA can foster effect ive use of human resources, reinforcing autonomy and entrepreneurship and improving customer rela tionships. To provide maximum organizational support, the disciples of VE/VA should be search ing for new applications and elaboration of the present model or considering alternative paradigms.


The origin of warping in the valence band of silicon is studied using tight-binding and $k\ensuremath{\cdot}p$ calculations. A number of new analytical expressions for the dispersion and effective masses are given. A measure of warping is also proposed.


Recciveti for putblication 9 November 1981. diagnosed in a grey fox (Urocyon cinereoargen tens) at the zoo. It was noted that the same caretaker took care of both the fox andi time bear. The source of the infection ins the cuti)s in this report is unknown, but these cubs anti time t's's-o timber wolf pups, with clinical signus suiggestive of ICH infection, were attended by time same caretaker. The Oatland Island Educatiomsal Institute is a wildlife refuge for the preservation and study of wildlife in a natutral isabitat. Animals are obtained from the Department of Natural Resources, Georgia State Fish and Game Commission, other zoos and the general public. New entries are rarely isolated. Members of the staff play with and handle the young animals prior to their reaching sufficient age to be placed! in the natural habitat. Mammals are on an accepted vaccinsation program as recommcnsded by Fo'svler ansd Theobald (1978, In Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine, Fow'lcr (cd), NV. B. Sauindcrs Conssparm's, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, pp. 613-617), hmo'svever the bear cubs and wolf puips had not been vaccinated for ICH. Problems requtiring treatment are dealt with by the improvisations ammo! adaptation of kno's's'n tcchniqutcs used ins dIOmesticated species. The diagnosis of ICH in bear cuibs in thus instance suggests that time vaccination of bear cubs housed in zoos ansd other exhibits sisoult! be considered. It must be pointed ouit ho's's-evcr, that the only vaccines currently available arc for use in dogs. Until data can be compiled ons the use of these vaccines in otimer species ormly killed ICH vaccirses arc suiggested for utse ins bears.


A growing number of empirical studies have found varying neuropsychological impairments associated with use of 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) use. We set out to determine to what extent neuropsychological abilities are impaired in MDMA users. To do so, meta‐analytical methods were used to determine the magnitude of neuropsychological impairment in MDMA users across pre‐specified cognitive domains. We found that cognitive impairment secondary to recreational drug use may result in what might be described as small‐to‐medium effects across all cognitive domains with learning and memory being most impaired. We also found that total lifetime ingestion of MDMA appears to be negatively associated with performance on tasks ranging from attention and concentration to learning and memory. Implications and limitations of these findings are discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The influence of local structure variations on the charge transport properties are still not well understood at an atomic level. In this work the experimentally observed drastic conductivity enhancement in epitactic stacks of BaF2:CaF2 heterolayers compared to any of the two fluoride ion conducting phases is reproduced by molecular dynamics simulations and analyzed in detail with particular emphasis on the variation of properties with the distance to the two-phase boundary. Ion mobility varies with the distance to the interface but remains significantly enhanced throughout the modeled layers when compared to bulk materials. The bond valence method is utilized to study correlations between the conductivity enhancement and the microstructure. A time-averaged violation of local electroneutrality postulated in the mesoscopic multiphase model is verified by the bond valence analysis of the molecular dynamics simulation trajectories. The variation of the ion mobility can be related to the extension of clusters of unoccupied accessible pathway regions.


This paper presents a distributive force sensing technology on a robotic foot, whose movement is controlled by pneumatic artificial muscles, during the contact process of a single step. The flexible force sensors on the robot foot and calibrated by characterizing the magnitude and location of the ground ration force on two different platforms. A control strategy for swinging motion of a single-leg robot is also designed. The contact force and the contact point within a gait cycle can be determined by using the developed sensing technology.


A protective tin oxide layer formed by atomic-layer deposition limits surface recombination at n-Si surfaces and produces ∼620 mV of photovoltage on planar n-Si photoanodes. The layer conformally coats structures such as Si microcone arrays.


This article describes a relatively new theory in the history of literary work approach, the anthropological literature. At length, the article explains that the difference between the terms of literary anthropology and anthropology and the relation between those terms. Then, it also discusses another history of literary anthrophology,, anthropological identification in literary work and anthropological literature in the future. In closing it is submitted that the anthropological literature has the maximum ability to describe various problems emerged in literary works, such as the problem of local wisdom, religion, and other cultural issues.


The invention discloses a round-link chain for heavy-duty hoisting. The round-link chain for heavy-duty hoisting comprises a long round-link main body. The long round-link main body consists of a left half link and a right half link. The left half link and the right half link are fixedly connected through welding and are separately prepared through casting. The main body materials of the left half link and the right half link are high-strength wear-resistance alloy. Ring skeleton alloy steel cores are arranged in the left half link and the right half link. The ring skeleton alloy steel cores can effectively improve the strength of the round-link chain. The round-link chain for heavy-duty hoisting disclosed by invention has the advantages that the structural design is scientific, the composition preparation is reasonable, the preparation process is simple and convenient, the cost is moderate and the comprehensive mechanical performance is excellent; and the performance especially in the aspects of strength and impact resistance is superior to the performance of like products, the round-link chain is enabled to be more reliable and safer during use, and the round-link chain is particularly suitable for hoisting heavy goods.


Characteristics of helicon plasma in a 45 cm long discharge tube were diagnosed by the Langmuir electrostatic probe, optical emission spectroscopy (OES), and integrated capacitively coupled detector (ICCD). The discharge in helical wave mode was confirmed by the sharply variation of electron density and electron temperature based on the Langmuir data. We have noticed that the variation of electron density measured by the Langmuir electrostatic-probe is consistent with the OES measurement. Intensities in the spectra of argon atoms and ions are strongly related to discharge modes. The photos taken by ICCD can distinguish the discharge modes in the radial region. Intensity changes in the radial region reflect the electron motivation and the energy transfer path in the helicon plasma.