: Recent progress in the understanding of hepatitis C virus (HCV) biology and the availability of in vitro models to study its replication have facilitated the development of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) that target specific steps in the viral replication cycle. Currently, there are three major classes of DAA in clinical development: NS3/4A protease inhibitors, NS5B polymerase inhibitors, and NS5A directed inhibitors. Several compounds thought to bind directly with NS5A are now in various clinical trial phases, including the most advanced, daclatasvir (BMS-790052), ledipasvir (GS-5885), and ABT-267. While many NS5A-targeted compounds demonstrate picomolar potency, the exact mechanism(s) of their action is still unclear. In the clinic, NS5A HCV inhibitors show promise as important components in DAA regimens and have multifunctionality. In addition to inhibiting viral replication, they may synergize with other DAAs, possibly by modulating different viral proteins, to help suppress the emergence of resistant viruses. Structure-based models have identified target interaction domains and spatial interactions that explain drug resistance for mutations at specific positions (eg, residues 93 and 31) within NS5A and potential binding partners. This review provides, insights into the unique complexity of NS5A as a central platform for multiple viral/host protein interactions, and possible mechanism(s) for the NS5A inhibitors currently undergoing clinical trials that target this nonstructural viral protein. pack against residues Y93 and L31 at the dimer interfaces. This AH conformation suggests potential binding site(s) for endogenous cofactors and drugs at the Y93/AH/dimer interfaces that may help explain the activity of NS5A direct inhibitors at different stages of replication and inhibition, and the effects on membranous web morphology. An atom of Zn ++ (cyan) binds at the D1a site at the core of each monomer, stabilizing a novel fold. RNA is shown binding at the D1b interface of this dimeric form. The recently identified regions for PI4K-binding at the C-terminal are colored green (182–198), and critical TIP47-binding residues near the AH N-termini are colored magenta. (The templates used PDB ID IZH1, PDB ID IR7G, POPC phospholipid bilayer). Reproduced with permission of James H Nettles. Copyright © 2013.


Interview with Navy veteran John N. Delia. The interview includes Delia's personal experiences aboard YSD-19 (Yard Salvage Derrick) during the Japanese attack at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941.


Previous reports have documented normal values for serum carnitine in children with RS. We have performed sequential analyses of serum carnitine in 14 children with RS. Eight were in stage III, five in stage IV, and one in stage II coma, (NIH Cons. Dev. Conf.,1981). The series was subdivided into three groups. A)survival without neurologic sequelae; B)survival with sequelae; C)died.Results: compared to controls, Mean±S.E. Comparison of inter-group means: A vs. B, p<.05; A vs. C, p<.05; B vs. C, NS.Elevation of serum carnitine persisted for 44-48 hours in three patients with stage III or IV RS. Sequential monitoring of serum values may be helpful in predicting patient outcome. The wide variation in serum carnitine levels in children with RS may reflect varying degrees of severity of hepatocyte injury.


The effects of diethyl ether, in end-expired concentrations ranging from 1.5 to 5.5 per cent, on cervical preganglionic sympathetic activity, mean arterial pressure and barostatic reflexes were studied in normal and baroreceptor-denervated cats. In cats with normal barostatic reflexes no change in arterial pressure occurred at any concentration used. Sympathetic activity was uneffected by the low concatrations but significantly increased at 5.0 per cent. SimiIar responses were observed after dederebration. In baroreceptor-denervated animals arterial pressure decreased progessively as anesthesia was deep ened, but sympathetic activity was uneffected. Barostatic reflexes were significantly depressed at 3.4 per cent and essentially abolished at 5.0 percent. It is postulated that ether causes sympathetic excitation by depressing medullary "depressor" neurons.


A new graph theoretic approach for spectral null codes is presented. Using the concept of index-permutation graph model and distance metrics, certain properties of spectral null codes were confirmed and verified with graph theory.


OBJECTIVE To study the effect to type WAYWIN 2000 automatic sterilizer for endoscope applying in the operative section. METHODS Put the used endoscopic instruments into the system WAYWIN 2000, and then process them with computer to realize automatic cleaning and disinfection within 30 minutes. RESULTS The system of WAYWIN 2000 was highly effective in sterilizing, easy to operate with time and labor saving in its procedures, no obvious damages or poisons were found. CONCLUSIONS Using the system WAYWIN 2000, we can clean and disinfect the endoscopic instruments effectively, especially in one after another operation. Therefore, we could increase the utilization of these expensive endoscopes, and control the cross infection and hospital infection safely and effectively.


Compared to single-input multiple-output (SIMO) radar, airborne multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) space-time adaptive processing (STAP) radar transmits mutually orthogonal or non-coherent waveforms. The waveform diversity increases degrees of freedom (DOFs) of MIMO STAP radar and results in the variation of clutter characteristics. To make things worse, there exists many non-ideal factors in practical project that affect performance of MIMO STAP. Considering all such situations, we derive the covariance matrix of echo signals by utilizing waveform covariance matrix (WCM) and error covariance matrix tapering (CMT) to simplify the MIMO STAP in this paper. Signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) performance simulation results verify that MIMO STAP radar has a better spatial resolution than SIMO radar generally and improving in orthogonality of transmitting waveforms can obtain a better SINR performance.


FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutics. SUBSTANCE: group of inventions refers to medicine, namely to pharmacology, and is applicable for producing a stabilising composition containing voriconazole. Stabilising a lyophilised composition is ensured by using lactose, wherein its amount required for the stabilisation process on a lactose monohydrate basis makes at least 3 weight fractions in relation to voriconazole. A method for stabilising the composition involves the stages of providing an aqueous solution containing voriconazole and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrine, adding at least 3 weight fractions of lactose, and lyophilising the produced composition. The stabilised composition for intravenous administration contains one weight fraction of voriconazole, 10-30 weight fractions of 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrine and at least 3 weight fractions of lactose on the lactose monohydrate basis. EFFECT: using the inventions enables improving the stability of the lyophilised voriconazole compound. 9 cl, 1 tbl, 2 ex


Quadrant photoelectric diode is the key component of laser guidance weapon,basic operation principle is explained,also the selections of struc- ture,sensitivity direction,noise current and frequency response time are analyzed.The two noise elimination methods are proposed as noise current pre-storage and equivalent bandwidth outer filtering,which could be the foundation of the selection and design of quadrant photoelectric diode.


This paper discusses the implementation of an Adaptive Decoder (AD) in the Adaptive Learning Controller (ALC) algorithms developed by Barto, based on the neuron modeling work of Klopf. It is shown that using an Adaptive Decoder that shifts from coarse to fine space partition at a chosen instant improves ALC performance significantly, by decreasing the required learning time and reducing the operating bounds of the control variables.


The paper is focused on small and modular nuclear reactors and their potential use in the Czech Republic. Small and modular reactors, which have been widely discussed since the last decade over the world, can bring new potential to nuclear power programmes in both developing and developed countries. The main reasons for construction of small and modular reactors are increasing demand for sources of electricity for remote, isolated or local supply, the district heating and for the process heat in industry. Small and modular reactors can be used in the energy mix of the Czech Republic as small local cogeneration sources of electricity and heating for industrial applications and for district heating as well as for potential new unit in of the Dukovany nuclear power plant or small and modular reactors can replace its old units. The first analysis shows that for the Czech Republic, the US-origin light water reactors mPower Reactor, NuScale Reactor or the Russian-origin liquid metal cooled reactor SVBR-100 Reactor are the most suitable and are chosen from more than 30 concepts of small and modular reactors.


The utility model relates to the technical field of the pipeline construction tool, in particular to a pipeline mouth gag which is used for drilling holes on the pipeline under the situation that the pipeline is free from stopping the transportation, which comprises a pipe clip (1), a disconnecting valve (2), a drill rod (3), a cutting device and an opening passage (5), wherein, the lower end of the opening passage (5) is vertically communicated with the pipe clip (1), and the disconnecting valve (2) is arranged on the opening passage (5), and the front part of the drill rod (3) extends into the opening passage (5), and the rear part extends out of the opening passage (5) to be connected with a handle; the upper end of the opening passage (5) is connected with the drill rod (3) in a sliding and sealing way; the cutting device is arranged on the front end of the drill rod (3). The cutting device comprises a hollow milling cutter (4) and a positioning drill bit (6); the rear part of the positioning drill bit (6) and the hollow milling cutter (4) is provided with a magnet (7). The pipeline mouth gag has simple structure, convenient operation and low cost, and realizes the opening of the pipeline without stopping the transportation; the waste material and crushed slag after the cutting are free from falling into the pipeline to cause the blocking.


The human mind is what emerges from the actions of a number of largely independent cognitive modules integrated by a central control system. Figure 1.5 from the previous chapter showed the organization of some of these information-processing modules. The basic purpose of this chapter is to elaborate on this modular organization and the reasons for it. The first section will give a brief overview of the functional needs of the human mind and physical constraints of the human brain that force a modular solution. The second section will describe the modular structure in ACT-R and how that relates to issues about modularity more generally in cognitive science. The final three sections will illustrate this modular organization in three empirical studies – a study of driving behavior, a study of perfect time sharing, and an fMRI imaging study.


This study aims to determine how the Strategy for Increasing Employee Productivity at PT Perkebunan Nusantara XIV (Takalar Sugar Factory). This research is descriptive qualitative, by trying to describe the results of the research as it is. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews. The data obtained is then processed in the form of words or text which is then poured in a descriptive form. The results of the study explained that there are three strategies used at PT Perkebunan Nusantara XIV (Takalar Sugar Factory) in an effort to increase employee productivity, namely: by providing training, every year there is an assessment of employee performance and improving effective communication. with the training it is able to produce a positive impact, but its application is still less than perfection because the application of the strategies used has not been done regularly and is well structured. But the leadership is expected to increase training and establish more active communication to the head of the department and employees so that the company is more improved and developed.


SEVERAL recent reports (1, 2, 3) have indicated that administration of BZ-55 (p-amino-benzene-sulphonamide-n-butyl-urea) results in a fall of blood sugar of normal human subjects and various experimental animals. This material does not lower the blood sugar of pancreatectomized dogs, rabbits or alloxanized rats, and results in hypoglycemia only in certain human diabetics. On the basis of evidence obtained both in vitro and in vivo, Mirsky et al. (4, 5, 6) have put forward the hypothesis that the sulfonyl hypoglycemic derivatives act by inhibiting hepatic insulinase. Further, these workers (4) have postulated that human diabetes is not necessarily a resultant of insulin deficiency but may be rather a consequence of increased insulin destruction, presumably by the hepatic insulinase system. While the available evidence strongly suggests that the sulfonyl derivatives act to increase the net amount of functioning insulin, the mechanism by which this is achieved remains unknown.


No abstract available. (Published: 29 August 2017) Sacks E et al.  Journal of the International AIDS Society  2017,  20 :21959 http://www.jiasociety.org/index.php/jias/article/view/21959  |  http://dx.doi.org/10.7448/IAS.20.7.21959


Two of the most commonly used treatments for neovascular AMD, ranibizumab (Lucentis, Genentech), approved in 2006 by FDA, and the other commonly used ?off-label,? bevacizumab (Avastin, Genentech), resulted in similar improvements in visual acuity, according to a new randomized controlled trial published in NEJM.


In our recent study, we provide evidence on the effect of migration on disease phenotype for the patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) by comparing large numbers of eastern Mediterranean patients who have migrated to different European countries. We confirmed that patients with an eastern Mediterranean ancestry display milder phenotypic manifestations in a western environment.1 We would like to answer some questions raised by the letter of Korkmaz C.2

The percentage of Turkish patients was indeed higher in group A, whereas the percentage of Jewish patients increased among group …


In a recent paper from Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., 351(1)(1999), 343—351, the maps f and g from [0,n] to itself are constructed, which have periodic points of period 2a+3 . In this note we prove that they have no periodic points of period 2a+1.


Stratigraphy the pottery stamped, incised and painted designs the chipped stone assemblage microwear analysis other finds rock art and inscriptions. Appendices: the Jawa area in prehistory faunal remains from Khallat'Anaza a note on the early pottery.


Objective. To determine whether a multimodal intervention could improve adherence to hand hygiene and glove use recommendations and decrease the incidence of antimicrobial resistance in different types of healthcare facilities. Design. Prospective, observational study performed from October 1, 1999, through December 31, 2002. We monitored adherence to hand hygiene and glove use recommendations and the incidence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria among isolates from clinical cultures. We evaluated trends in and predictors for adherence and preferential use of alcohol-based hand rubs, using multivariable analyses. Setting. Three intervention hospitals (a 660-bed acute and long-term care hospital, a 120-bed community hospital, and a 600-bed public teaching hospital) and a control hospital (a 700-bed university teaching hospital). Intervention. At the intervention hospitals, we introduced or increased the availability of alcohol-based hand rub, initiated an interactive education program, and developed a poster campaign; at the control hospital, we only increased the availability of alcohol-based hand rub. Results. We observed 6,948 hand hygiene opportunities. The frequency of hand hygiene performance or glove use significantly increased during the study period at the intervention hospitals but not at the control hospital; the maximum quarterly frequency of hand hygiene performance or glove use at intervention hospitals (74%, 80%, and 77%) was higher than that at the control hospital (59%). By multivariable analysis, preferential use of alcohol-based hand rubs rather than soap and water for hand hygiene was more likely among workers at intervention hospitals compared with nonintervention hospitals (adjusted odds ratio, 4.6 [95% confidence interval, 3.3-6.4]) and more likely among physicians (adjusted odds ratio, 1.4 [95% confidence interval, 1.2-1.8]) than among nurses at intervention hospitals. A significantly reduced incidence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria among isolates from clinical culture was found at a single intervention hospital, which had the greatest increase in the frequency of hand hygiene performance. Conclusions. During a 3-year period, a multimodal intervention program increased adherence to hand hygiene recommendations, especially to the use of alcohol-based hand rubs. In one hospital, a concomitant reduction was found in the incidence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria among isolates from clinical cultures.


In the present work, we have shown the effect of a vestibular stimulation on the velocity perception of a moving scene. The intensity of this effect is related to the amplitude of the cart acceleration, image velocity, spatial frequency of the visual stimulus, and the angle between the directions of cart and image movement. A simple model has been developed to determine whether the perception of visual movement is due to the geometric projection of the vestibular evaluation on the visual vector, or the inverse.


We have developed high-quality 1.5 nm SiON gate dielectrics using recoiled-oxygen-free processing. We found that oxygen recoiling from a sacrificial oxide during ion implantation or defects induced by recoiled oxygen change the growth mechanism of SiON gate dielectrics of less than 2 nm and degrade the controllability of film thickness, film quality, and device electrical characteristics. PMOSFETs using the recoiled-oxygen-free process and As-implantation for the channel have better controllability of gate dielectric thickness, up to one-third less gate leakage current, a hundred times more reliable TDDB characteristics, and a 20% improvement in drain current compared to the conventional process. Thus, a Si substrate without recoiled oxygen is essential in forming high-quality SiON gate dielectrics of less than 1.5 nm.


Platanus occidentalis L., called American sycamore or American plane, is native to North America. The trees are commonly planted throughout the world on the sides of roads and in parks. In June 2012, diseased leaves exhibiting signs of powdery mildew from a park in Daegu City of Korea were sent to Plant Clinic of Seoul National University for diagnosis. Our observations in Daegu City during September and October 2012 showed that nearly 99% of the approximately 1,000 trees surveyed were infected with a powdery mildew. Voucher specimens (n = 6) were deposited at the Korea University Herbarium (KUS). Symptoms were characterized by chlorosis, distortion, or cupping of young leaves. White superficial colonies developed amphigenously on leaves. Hyphae were flexuous to straight, branched, septate, 4 to 7 μm wide, and had lobed appressoria. Conidiophores were 120 to 350 × 5 to 7.5 μm and produced conidia singly. Foot-cells of conidiophores were straight, cylindric, and 115 to 200 μm long. Conidia were hyaline, el...


Introduction: Magnetic resonance force microscopy (MRFM) is a magnetic resonance imaging technique based on scanning probe microscopy. In terms of force sensitivity, the structure of the cantilevered sensor should be narrower [1]. Recently, Si nanowire cantilevers with a high quality factor have been reported for use of force detection [2]. In this research, Si nanowire cantilevers have been developed for MRFM. The key of the research is the batch fabrication process with the design of a magnetic material (nickel) on the cantilever. Experiments: The Si nanowire cantilevers are fabricated from a silicon on insulator wafer with a 200nm-thick device layer. The nanocantilever structure is patterned by electron beam lithography, and the top Si layer is etched by fast atom beam using SF6 gas, a 500-nm-thick nickel layer is deposited using DC facing targets sputtering, and magnet pattern is formed by lift-off process. The handling Si is etched from the back side using deep reactive ion etching. The box-layer of SiO2 is etched and the structure is released by vapor HF etching. Results: The successfully fabricated Si nanowire cantilever (width: 150nm, length: 50 μm) with nickel pattern is shown in Fig. 1. The resonance frequency of the Si nanowire cantilever is measured by laser Doppler vibrometer in vacuum (< 10 -2 Pa) as shown in Fig. 2. The resonance frequency of the Si nanowire cantilever is 8.006 kHz with 5000 of Q factor (Fig. 3). At the room temperature, the minimum detectable force of the SiNW-cantilever is calculated to be 1.9 x 10 N. The Si nanowire cantilever with nickel magnet has been successfully fabricated with top-down fabrication process. We believe that this development will provide a molecular imaging by MRFM. [1] T. D. Stowe, K. Yasumura, T. W. Kenny, D. Botkin, K. Wago, D. Botkin, K. Wago, and D. Rugar, Appl. Phys. Lett., 71, (1997) 288 [2] Neil E. Jenkins, Lauren P. De Flores, Jack Allen, Tse Nga Ng, Sean R. Garner, Seppe Kuehn, Jahan M. Dawlaty, and John A. Marohn, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 22(3), (2004) 909


The ICRF (Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequencies) system is successfully used in the fusion experiments for heating and current drive. During the ICRF operation one of the main problems is the sputtering of the plasma facing material in antenna vicinity. For future fusion devices, high-Z elements are favorable as materials of the first wall [1, 2, 3]. This initiates a growing interest on the compatibility of ICRF antenna operation in the plasma with high-Z facing components (PFCs). One of the negative effects connected to the ICRF antennas operation is due to generation of the strong electric fields along magnetic field lines, that enhances an erosion of PFCs [4, 5]. This electric field (E||) is responsible for formation of the high RF potential, V|| = ∫ E||dl, which is rectified in the sheath region [6, 7] and accelerates the ions to the limiters. The effect of the E||-field can be partially compensated by choosing the appropriate phase between two neighboring antennas coupled along magnetic field lines. The present experiments continue the early ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) experiments in year 2009, where the effect of the tungsten yield reduction due to an optimization of the antennas phasing was observed [8].


Starting from the hypotheses that the strategies of companies focusing on technological innovation are the core of the behavior of competitive firms and that technological progress constitutes an active element in the growth of a particular industry, this article analyzes the innovative technological behavior of a sample of 50 companies in the metal


Planning is a pedagogical action in which the teacher organizes his educational practice. Planning is a process of rationalization, organization and coordination of teaching practice. In this way, plan is a kind of theorization, an reflection instrument on your teaching practice. But do the teachers agree with the theoretical definitions of the planning role? Thus, it is necessary to know the teacher's conception about planning in teaching. The aim of this research was to verify what teachers consider when planning their actions; and if they consider the professional – teachers and/or biologist during planning. This research has a qualitative character and adopted the interview as a data collection method and the grounded theory on data as an analysis method. We interviewed fifteen Botany professors from four universities, three from Brazil and one from Portugal. As a result of this research, all professors consider the content approached in class as the main factor in organization and planning. Regarding the profile of the students, half of the professors consider that everyone should know the specific content, regardless of where they will act. It is concluded that the non-concern with the teacher training can interfere in the action of these subjects and in its correlation between scientific knowledge and pedagogical praxis.


Serotonin syndrome is an iatrogenic drug-induced synaptic serotonin concentration related toxidrome. A 29-year-old man developed agitation, tachycardia and myoclonus of limbs after an intramuscular injection of 100 mg tramadol. He had recently been given multiple medications, including dextromethorphan (DXM) by a private doctor for flu-like symptoms. The patient was stabilised with diazepam, midazolam and supportive treatment. Both tramadol and DXM could cause the serotonin syndrome, but usually in combination with monoamine oxidase inhibitors or serotonin reuptake inhibitors. This was the first reported case in the English literature of serotonin syndrome with tramadol and DXM. Therefore, a detailed drug history and knowledge of potential serotonergic drugs are important.


Large, reconfigurable and light orbiting structures are necessary to accomplish a number of tasks, such as the ones related to astronomy and fundamental physics missions, where very large telescope ...


The utility model relates to a portable remote automatic noise monitoring system. The system structurally comprises a plurality of noise monitoring units used for field monitoring and a central monitoring system used for receiving and processing the monitoring data and information from the noise monitoring units, wherein each noise monitoring unit comprises a sound level meter used for collecting and measuring field noise, a wireless data transmission module for wirelessly transmitting the collected noise information to the central monitoring system, a GPS (Global Position System) module for positioning the noise monitoring units and a power supply module for supplying power to each part. The system can supervise and monitor urban regional environmental noise, traffic noise, industrial noise, construction noise and other noise pollution reflected by people, and can provide an effective basis for environmental noise evaluation, noise control, environmental enforcement, pollution control and administrative punishment.


The logistic regression model is useful when you want to fit a linear regression model to a binary response variable. You have several levels of an independent, or predictor variable, X. Denote these levels X1, X2,...,Xm. At the i level of X, you have Ni (i=1,2,...,m) observations, each of which is an independent Bernoulli trial. Of the Ni observations, yi are classified as "the outcome of interest" or "success" and the remaining Ni-yi have "the other" classification, e.g. "failure". At the i level of X, yi has a binomial distribution, or, more formally, yi~Binomial(Ni, Bi), where Ni is the number of trials and Bi is the probability of a success on a given trial. The object of logistic regression is to estimate or test for changes in Bi associated with changes in Xi, specifically by modeling these changes via regression.


Policymakers regularly discuss enacting debt relief programs whose apparent goals are to redistribute towards debtors and/or to stabilize the economy. We examine the macroeconomic and welfare effects of these types of programs. Unexpected, ex-post debt relief can boost aggregate demand and improve welfare, but these benefits can be offset by expectations of future debt relief, which contract credit supply. Existing empirical evidence supports the model's assumptions and conclusions. We argue that the stabilization benefits of debt relief are best realized by committing to rules that vary systematically with the state of the business cycle. for the 2022 INET conference on private debt. We thank Corina Boar and Moritz Schularick for helpful comments. This research is supported by the National Science Foundation grant award SES-2042691, the Ragnar Söderbergs stiftelse, and the European Research Council grant No. 759482 under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme.


We present 327-MHz interplanetary scintillation (IPS) observations of an unbiased sample of 90 extragalactic radio sources selected from the ninth Ooty lunar occultation list. The sources are brighter than 0.75 Jy at 327 MHz and lie outside the galactic plane (|b|⩾10∘).
We derive values of μ, the fraction of scintillating flux density, and ψ, the equivalent Gaussian diameter for the scintillating structure. Various correlations are found between the observed parameters. In particular, the scintillating component weakens and broadens with increasing largest angular size (LAS), and stronger scintillators have more compact scintillating components. The correlation between μ and the total source flux density found by previous workers is extended to smaller flux densities, but the three new points do not permit a distinction between a continuing upward trend or a levelling off of μ in the relation between the median values.


The art and science of writing hidden message in to the digital media in such a way that no one apart from intended recipient knows existence of message called as steganography. The detection of hidden message by steganographically encoded packets called as steganalysis. In this paper a novel Steganographic technique using DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transform) and LSB (Least Significant bit) algorithm for transmitting captured images is proposed. LSB will used to hide data in least significant bit of pixel of an Image. The hardware implementation of the proposed method uses XPS & VB. Here MATLAB is used to convert the image in to the pixel format file. In XPS we select the required hardware and software component. Then by adding the source file and header file created in MATLAB & converted into bit streams and downloaded in to FPGA to get video frame.


Carbon taxes have other effects in addition to their possible impact on global warming. When research and development (R&D) has positive external effects, carbon taxes can help to correct for such effects by providing incentives for R&D in particular directions. If authorities cannot distinguish between different R&D types, the standard corrective subsidies cannot be implemented, thereby creating an additional role for a carbon tax. Copyright 1994 by The editors of the Scandinavian Journal of Economics.


This chapter contains sections titled: 3.1 Patent Agents: Constructing Specifications, 3.2 From Bar to Bench: Making Judicial Careers, 3.3 Lawyers in Action, 3.4 Trusting Experts, 3.5 Conclusion


The effects of glutamate (Glu) and ATP on interleukin-6 (IL-6) production from cultured neonatal rat astrocyte were studied. Glu (100-200 mumol.L-1) strongly increased, IL-6 production at 16 h in a dose-dependent manner and ATP (50-100 mumol.L-1) induced a inhibition effect. The results suggest that Glu stimulted IL-6 release may be one of mechanisms of astrocyte "neuroprotective" function in ischmia/reperfusion.


Offline retail stores have been working on improving their in-store customer experience; they have begun to realise the physical advantage they have over online channels. Especially sports products have a number of unique features, such as high emotional involvement or a sense of community; additionally, sports customers put emphasis on multisensory brand experience at the point of sale. This study examines the in-store customer experience (ISCX) in offline sports retail stores, taking into account the commercial uniqueness of sport.,A qualitative study (focus groups; n = 16) and quantitative survey (cross-sectional survey design; n = 238) were conducted to measure ISCX in sports retail stores.,The results suggest that the customers' in-store experience has a significant influence on customers' satisfaction with the sports retailer and their likeliness to recommend the store to friends, which, in turn, is significantly affected by customers' satisfaction with the retailer. Moreover, social responses to actors involved in the service encounter, for example, the interaction with employees, play a significant role for the customer in-store experience. Accordingly, sports customers strive not only for functional benefits inherent in the interaction with customers and employees but also for social benefits.,This study extends the knowledge by (1) replicating the ISCX scale, (2) analysing ISCX in a sports retail environment and (3) examining the influence of ISCX on the Net Promoter Score. Moreover, the findings support managers' know-how about in-store setting and help to maintain the customer relationship.


Shenzhen-Guangzhou-Zhongshan Fixed Link is a project determined by the State Council,which has great significance on the future development of Nansha,Guangzhou and the Pear River Delta. The project also has great influence on the economy,society,national defense,water conservancy,navigation,etc.. Furthermore,the project has great capital investment. Therefore,great attention must be paid to the plan selection of the project so as to achieve the optimum proposal. In the paper,comparison and contrast is made between the "east tunnel + west bridge"proposal and the "only tunnel "proposal in terms of ship development trend,regional economy development needs,national defense requirements,water environment influence and technology. It is concluded that the "east tunnel + west bridge"proposal is irrational,which may cause enormous strategic loss and may result in historic regret. Furthermore,3 advices are made as follows: 1) The "only tunnel"proposal,which is feasible,is recommended; 2) If there is still doubt on the "only tunnel"proposal,it is recommended that the length of the tunnel can be shortened to only cross underneath the main course of Guangzhou Harbor by referring to the navigation standard of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge Project;3) The disputes should be suspended,the comparison and contrast should be continued before the final decision to commence the project is made.


Green synthesized dextrose and maltose-reduced silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were investigated for colorimetric sensing of metal ions at different concentrations and reaction time. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform Infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Both maltose and dextrose-reduced Ag-NPs were highly sensitive and selective to Hg 2+ and Fe 2+ ions over other metal ions at higher metal ion concentration. This was accompanied with a colour change from yellowish solution to colourless for Hg 2+ ions and from yellowish solution to greenish for Fe 2+


Microring resonators on SOI are investigated for both orthogonal polarizations. By demonstrating low-loss (1.94dB/cm) microring resonators with an intrinsic Q up to 340000 we proof that using TM-polarized light enables high-performance filters.


The invention provides a method for preparing a copper phosphide/copper composite material. The method comprises the following steps: by taking red phosphorus and foamy copper as basic raw materials, sequentially paving the red phosphorus and the foamy copper in a ceramic boat from bottom to top, and preparing the composite material under nitrogen protection by adopting a gas-solid reaction method. Copper phosphide uniformly grows on the surface of foamy copper, has a porous structure and has the average particle size being 300-500nm. The copper phosphide/copper composite material prepared by the method serving as an anode material is applied to a lithium ion battery, the first charge capacity and the first discharge capacity are respectively 400mAh/g and 341mAh/g, and the charge capacity and the discharge capacity are respectively 409mAh/g and 398mAh/g after cycling for 60 times. According to the method, the process is simple, the operation is easy, the material preparation cost is low, the reaction process belongs to a gas-solid reaction, the reaction raw materials are fully contacted, the reaction is full, and residual phosphorus on a conductive matrix is avoided.


Cultural and technological transformations results in the emergence of new communication postures to meet the demands of an essentially participatory and interactive context, in which advertising is challenged to adopt new argumentative patterns. With theories of language and social discourses, we try to demonstrate how advertising has been incorporating the speech and the (re)action of its interlocutors in the construction of its narratives. This new discursive circularity starts from new relation models between the agents of this communication, and points to the achievement of objectives that are materialized in the immersion of an ideological subject in an organizational context.


Abstract : A full duplex data modem, used for transmitting digital data over tactical VHF FM radios, has been designed and built. The modem has two operating modes. In the quasi-analog mode it can transmit at 75, 150, 300, 600, 1200, 2400, and 4800 bps, using binary FSK, MSK, and four-level FSK. In the X-mode it can transmit at 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, and 16000 bps, using Manchester, conditioned, diphase, pair-selected ternary, delay modulation, bipolar, and twinned binary codes. This report contains the theory of operation, implementation, and test data on two units. (Author)


This paper presents a set of Bayesian methods for automatically extending the WordNet ontology with new concepts and annotating existing concepts with generic property fields, or attributes. We base our approach on Latent Dirichlet Allocation and evaluate along two dimensions: (1) the precision of the ranked lists of attributes, and (2) the quality of the attribute assignments to WordNet concepts. In all cases we find that the principled LDA-based approaches outperform previously proposed heuristic methods, greatly improving the specificity of attributes at each concept.


Mean and fluctuating pressure distributions around circular cylinders were measured in both smooth and turbulent flows at different blockage ratios up to the supercritical flow regime. The experiments ranged from Reynolds number Re = 7 x 10{4} to 6 x 10{5}, turbulence intensities Iu = 0.4% to 9.1% and blockage ratios 3.4% to 11.23%. The aspect ratios of the cylinders used were 6 and 20 and roughness-to-diameter ratios were 1 x 10{-5} and 4 x 10{-5}.


This document provides a protocol using which a server is able to provide information to clients indicating that previously received presence data may be stale.


Using a comparative approach to the public debate on GMOs in France and the United Kingdom, this paper analyzes the interactions between community actions and participative mechanisms. These mechanisms (consensus conferences, citizen juries, interactive technological evaluation, etc.) are nurtured by the crucial work of the groups involved in raising awareness for a public issue and developing alternatives to current dominant opinions. Thus action and participative mechanisms have the potential to offer a complementary method of social control over the direction taken by scientific and technical development, as well as to enlarge the frameworks for risk analysis. We analyze here the reasons for the problematic nature of appropriation of what is produced in the "small world" of participatory mechanisms by community actors and by the advocates of traditional decision-making procedures. Finally, we discuss the possibilities for moving beyond such obstacles.


In this paper, the cause of cable firing is analyzed , the realization project of the system by using computer ,collector and controller of temperature is presented.


Based on the de-icing practice of China Southern Power Grid(CSG) in January 2011,the application of DC de-icers is analyzed,including the allocation of de-icers,and the efficiency and effect of de-icing.The paper concludes that the de-icing devices have played an important role in keeping the 220 kV transmission towers away from falling down and providing power supply to the county and above level cities;but that these devices be able to play a full role under severe ice-storm depends on the further perfection of CSG's de-icing system.The paper suggests to optimize de-icing schedule,to perfect the process control of de-icing,and thus to make the DC de-icers play role in maximum.Meanwhile,the redundance of these de-icers should be properly increased,and the ability to protect networks should be enhanced by higher line-protecting ability and de-icing efficiency.Finally,it is suggested to further study the problem of ground lines iced.


Eighteen novel 2-(1-aryl-5-methyl-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives and two acylhydrazone intermediate compounds were synthesized by various pathways starting from I -aryl-5-methyl-1,2,3-triazol-4-formhydrazide (1). All products were identified by spectroscopic analysis, and 2-(l -aryl-5-methyl- 1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-5-benzalthio-1,3,4-oxadiazole was further validated by X-ray crystallography. Results from primary antibacterial activity tests indicated that most of the compounds were effective against E coli, P. aeruginosa, B, subtilis and S. aureus.


Collaborative economy (CE) is the marketplace where individuals trade goods and services. With disruptive innovations as a key factor, CE has is reformulated strategies and methods of traditional global commerce and created new opportunities. Tourism and hospitality are the industries in which is CE used the most, especially at arranging accommodation and transportation. The purpose of this paper is to distinguish the state and trends of CE usage in tourism for European countries by comparing data obtained on Eurostat. In addition, results for accommodation and transport arrangement have been compared. CE usage in tourism has been compared to the frequency of internet usage of individuals in European countries to extract knowledge on factors which may influence on CE usage in European countries. In most countries, the percentage of CE usage in tourism is extensively increasing, which indicates that European travellers have recognised the benefits of CE practices such as more personalised offer and diversification. Results showed a correlation between CE usage in tourism frequency of internet usage and the level of digital skills for individuals from European. That could suggest that the biggest issue for CE development in European countries is poverty and infrastructure. Future research should focus on the empirical testing the correlation of the variables as well as extracting themes for CE usage in order to identify the factor of success in a specific country.


Tamil peoples live all over the world. They leave the motherland and live in other countries that are completely different in terms of language, race, culture and customs. Even though they face lot of problems in the countries they migrated to, they maintain their mother language and culture. Even though Tamils are spread all over Malaysia, Singapore, America, Canada, England, Australia, the lifestyle of Singaporean Tamils is same as the lifestyle of Tamil people of Tamilnadu. The contribution of Tamil language education of the Singaporean Tamil is significant.


Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is characterized by acute onset of fever with a generalized erythematous pustular eruption. It seems that more than 90% of cases with AGEP are drug-induced [1]. The most frequently involved drugs are aminopenicillins, macrolides, antimycotic drugs, calcium channel blockers, carbamazepine, and paracetamol.We report a severe case of topical drug–induced AGEP that was misdiagnosed as an oral drug–related eruption. A 48-year-old woman who developed a generalized cutaneous eruption without fever was attended several times in the emergency department and was fi nally admitted. Physical examination revealed diffuse edematous erythema with nonfollicular pustules all over the body.The patient had been taking telmisartan and torasemide for several years and reported having taken ibuprofen 7 days before onset. She denied having taken any other drugs during the previous weeks.The hemogram showed a total white blood cell count of 25 700/mL with 85% neutrophils and 5% eosinophils. The results of serology testing and other laboratory investigations were negative. The skin biopsy was compatible with AGEP.Antihypertensive drugs and arylpropionic nonsteroidal anti-infl ammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were stopped, and the patient was treated with parenteral corticosteroids (6-methyl-prednisolone), antihistamines, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. She improved slowly and was discharged from the dermatology department after 14 days taking oral and topical corticosteroids (prednisone and methylprednisolone aceponate).In our allergy department we performed patch testing with the standard series and 7 NSAIDs including ibuprofen. Reactions were evaluated according to International Contact Dermatitis Research Group guidelines. The results were positive to nickel sulfate (D2–, D3+), caine mix (D2+++, D3+++), ethylenediamine dihydrochloride (D2+++, D3+++), and tixocortol pivalate (D2+++, D3+++) (Figure).


Data from synthetic aperture radars (SAR's) can be used to measure the surface height spectrum of the ocean. Traditionally, only the real SAR image is used; we show, both theoretically and with SAR data, that the complex image contains more information about the ocean scene. We derive an expression for the ambiguity function of the complex image, which is an extension of the concept of a power spectrum, but generalized to phenomena with time-dependent properties. The ambiguity function of the complex image is derived as an integral of the surface height spectrum; this allows us to calculate the statistics of the complex SAR image directly, without having to generate individual realizations of the surface. In the derivation of the ambiguity function, we find that a simple assumption about the complex reflectivity of the surface leads to a formulation of the SAR imaging process that circumvents many traditional problems. By using ambiguity functions, we can remove some of the smearing that is otherwise seen in the images of time-dependent scenes. One result of this analysis is that we can explain SAR focusing in a simple way, and extend it to range-traveling waves as well as azimuth-traveling waves. Also, we can calculate the correlation length and time of the surface directly from the surface height spectrum. While the correlation length seems to play only a minor role in this theory, the correlation time determines the minimum wavelength for azimuth waves that can be imaged. This paper shows how the ambiguity function of the image is related to the surface height spectrum and presents an example using SAR data.


Objective  To review the current training opportunities for ultrasound use for health workers practising in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs).


The exaggerated consumption of fast food and ready to eat products is a common practice which results in an unbalanced intake of saturated fats. On order to improve the fat composition of beef patties, mixture design was used to optimize the inclusion of pomace olive oil (PDD) and canola oil (CD). Cooking yield, moisture retention, diameter reduction, color, texture and sensorial parameters were accessed. Models showed, with a 94.5% of variance explained, that the inclusion of PDD and CD should be limited in order to maintain a low acidity index and texture parameters comparable to commercial burgers of similar composition. Preference test, consumer profile, acceptability, penalty analysis and Check-all-that-apply (CATA) results indicated that a parcial replacement of pork fat (PF) can be considered. On sum, formulations with improved fat composition (50 or 33% replaced animal fat by PDD and CD) were obtained.


Twosimple, sensitive,accurate, and precise spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the determination of chlorpromazine – HCl in pure form and pharmaceutical formulation. The first method involved treatment of cited drug with a measured excess of permanganate in acid medium and the unreacted oxidant was measured at 525 nm. The second method involves the reaction  of the drug with potassium permanganate in the presence of sodium hydroxide to produce a bluish – green  colored manganite which is measurable at 610nm. All the experimental variables affecting the development of the manganite ions were investigatedand conditions were optimized. Working linearity ranges were 5-45 µg.mL-1and 1-20 µg.mL-1 by two methods respectively. The apparent molarabsorptivities are 4.015  103and 18.717 103L.mol-1.cm-1 respectively, with corresponding Sandell's sensitivityvalues of0.0885and 0.01798µg.cm-2 respectively. The methods have successfully been applied to the determinationof drug in dosage forms.


In this editorial for the most recent issue of Exchanges, the editor-in-chief reflects on some of the small positives which have emerged from the Covid-19 mandated lockdown period of working. He talks a little more about the work of the podcast in supporting the twin role of the journal in disseminating interdisciplinary research but also enabling a learning environment. The editorial continues by providing an overview of the articles appearing in this issue, before moving to announce a new call for papers in the area of 'AI: Panic or Panacea'. The editorial closes with advice for submitting authors, and acknowledgement of the efforts for those who have brought the issue together.


The spatial complexity of metropolitan territories is the result of the accumulation of various forms of urban and infrastructural development, some of which can be characterized as being based on a fragmentary mode of production. The chapter aims at building an empirical approach to a broader discussion regarding spatial fragmentation as part of metropolitan territorial development using an example on an important suburban territory in the Lisbon metropolitan area (Portugal). As such, it will provide a conceptual review of contemporary urban and morphological approaches to metropolization and the issue of urban-rural relationships, an overview of Lisbon's metropolitan development and the specific changes identified in the case study, the overview and results of morphological analysis regarding land subdivision processes, and a discussion on a design-oriented description of territorial components with potential to reinforce the spatial synergies of urban fabrics, infrastructures, and open space.


This paper investigates the conditions of use and the equivalence of various constitutive laws used to model the electromagnetic behavior of high-temperature superconductors: two versions of the critical state model (CSM), the power law model, and a so-called percolation model. All these models can be used to represent the same superconducting material with some limit of accuracy. The CSM and the power law model are well known in the literature. The percolation model can be seen as a generalization of the power law model that includes also a CSM-like behavior at very low electric fields. The investigation has been carried out for three types of operating conditions: the sudden application of a dc excitation, a pure ac excitation, and combined dc and ac excitations. The equivalence between the different constitutive laws is shown to be a function of the magnitude of the electric fields and of the time scales involved. In the dc case, long time scales and very small electric fields are predominant; thus, the superconductor requires a model that is accurate at low electric fields, such as the percolation model. The losses then arise from the relaxation of the magnetic field in the sample. In the ac case, the power law and percolation models are nearly identical when considering power frequencies, so choosing the simpler power law model is fully acceptable in practice. In addition, the CSM coincidentally provides good predictions of the losses in the power frequency range. In the dc+ac case, when time scales in the range of minutes to hours are considered, it is shown that ac losses dominate over relaxation losses, and the same conclusions as for the ac case apply.


Purpose – Emerging biotechnology firms rely on a network of socio‐economic partnerships that can be classified as "interimistic" or close, collaborative but relatively short‐lived. Few studies have assessed the importance of relational governance to the performance of these partnerships. The purposes of this research were to determine the effect of relational governance on the performance of financial partnerships and to compare biotechnology manager assessments of their financial and non‐financial partnerships.Design/methodology/approach – Interviews were conducted with managers of emerging biotechnology companies and lead investors in Canada, France and Germany. Relational governance was assessed by relational norms such as flexibility, information sharing, solidarity and fairness. Performance was assessed by overall effectiveness and partnership benefits. First, the contribution of relational governance to partnership effectiveness and benefits was examined. Second, for the financial partnerships, the ...


Cabtrack is a proposed high-density urban transport system in which four seat electrically powered vehicles run on a network of segregated tracks under automatic control. A principle of position-lag slot control is discussed whereby vehicles would operate in synchronism with each other on main tracks, but change to asynchronous operation after diverting into a station loop. A one-fifth scale model cabway was constructed to develop and test the methods of control. The communication and control instrumentation which was developed to enable up to 14 cabs to operate under the control of a small digital computer is described. The model cabway was successfully operated with 6 cabs of length 66 cm running at 2 m/s with headways of 54 cm (equivalent to a flow of 4000 cabs per hour on a track which is 70% occupied) thereby demonstrating a viable system of control which could be developed for use with various types of vehicle on segregated tracks. (Author)


Let X and Y be n-demensional complex manifolds with n≥2.If there is a holomorphic surjective map from X onto Y,there exist curves in X biholomorphic to the complex projective line.


Knowing the case that the genetic background of tomato varieties was very narrow, we screened arbitrary primers by 27 varieties and species of tomatoes' RAPD makers for two turns. Among 160 arbitrary primers, We gained 36 primers what possessed abundant polymorphism in the amplification of tomato' DNAs. The result overcame the shortcoming, which primers had polymorphism among 3 or 4 varieties of tomatoes and the polymorphism was not evident most of them in many varieties. It was the basis of the extensive application of RAPD markers in genetic research of tomato.


By combining element free Galerkin (EFG) method with the flow formulation for rigid-plastic/viscoplastic materials,a rigid-plastic/viscoplastic meshless Galerkin (EFG) method has been established, and the meshless simulation procedure for the metal forming processes has been developed.The frictional effects on the ring compression process have been studied by using EFG method,and the ring specimen simulated has a typical initial geometry size that the ratio of the initial external diameter to internal diameter to height is 4:2:1. The metal flow rules under different friction factors have been introduced and the explanations of the causes for the appearing of bulge have been given.The changes of radial velocity magnitudes and directions in the cross-section under different friction factors have been described and the reasons for the appearance of neutral plane have been illustrated.The shapes of the neutral plane have been given; the geometry and size changes of the workpiece caused by different frictional factors have been studied.Moreover,analysis of frictional effect on the effective strain of the ring workpiece has been done, and the distributions of the effective strain under different friction conditions have been gained.


Language is more than a sign as it can function as a tool for communication among humans. This means that language can be learned by the humans. One of the fields that study the language is pragmatics. Pragmatics can be defined as the study of contextual meaning; therefore there should be a relationship between language and the context. However, this relationship can be recognized through deixis. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the types of deixis found in the story of "The Legend of Lake Toba". This paper uses descriptive qualitative method, because it analyzes the types of deixis found in the story. The method of collecting the data is documentation. Specifically using theory of Alan Cruse (2000) about deixis. The steps to analyze the data are reading the story, finding the deixis, and classifying the types of deixis. The finding showed that the types of deixis like personal deixis, spatial deixis, and temporal deixis are used in The Legend of Lake Toba story. In this research, personal types is the dominant types that occur in this story.


We study log -modules on smooth log pairs and construct a comparison theorem of log de Rham complexes. The proof uses Sabbah's generalized b-functions. As applications, we deduce a log index theorem and a Riemann-Roch type formula for perverse sheaves on smooth quasi-projective varieties. The log index theorem naturally generalizes the Dubson-Kashiwara index theorem on smooth projective varieties.


As part of a larger study that examines the interface between linguistics and society, this paper investigates and describes the system of address terms as used by members of the University of Cape Coast, an academic setting. Though from intrusive observation of actual usage, interview and introspection, we discovered that nine categories of linguistic form comprised the repertoire of address of the subject, this paper utilizes four namely, titles, personal names, descriptive epithets and slogans. These were dictated generally by social indices such as interpersonal relationship, gender, status, and age within "a network of bonds and obligations" (Firth 1937:113). We also recognized the role of psychological factors such as self esteem, social respect, sense of achievement and identification in the use of the selected terms of address. The findings from this work have implications, among other things, for verbal behaviour among residents in an academic settings.

 IFE Psychologia (2003) 11(2), 178-191


Hypopituitary children throughout the world soon may have a better chance for normal growth, thanks to the synthesis of human somatotropin or growth hormone (HGH) by two groups of genetic engineers. Almost simultaneously, the two groups—one headed by John D. Baxter, MD, and Howard Goodman, MD, at the University of California-San Francisco's Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and the other directed by senior scientists David Goeddel, PhD, and Peter Seeburg, PhD, at Genentech, Inc, in South San Francisco—announced that they had produced HGH in bacterial cells using recombinant DNA technology. Each group believes its achievement is unique. The Genentech group used synthetic DNA fragments provided by Keiichi Itakura, PhD, and associates of the City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, Calif. They joined the fragments enzymatically, forming a single DNA segment that contained the genetic code for approximately 12% of the HGH polypeptide. Subsequently, they converted messenger RNA for HGH (extracted


The utility model relates to the technical field of liquid-sealing heat insulation devices for horizontal type low-temperature heat-insulation tanks, in particular to a liquid-sealing heat insulation device for a horizontal type low-temperature heat-insulation tank, which comprises a first liquid outlet pipe, a liquid sealing device, a second liquid outlet pipe, an inner container of a horizontal type low-temperature heat-insulation tank, and an outer shell of the horizontal type low-temperature heat-insulation tank; an interlayer is formed between the inner container of a horizontal type low-temperature heat-insulation tank and the outer shell of the horizontal type low-temperature heat-insulation tank; the liquid sealing device is arranged in the interlayer, the upper part of the first liquid outlet pipe is fixed on the inner container of a horizontal type low-temperature heat-insulation tank, the right part of the first liquid outlet pipe is fixed on the liquid sealing device, and the right end of the first liquid outlet pipe is positioned in the liquid sealing device. The liquid-sealing heat insulation device for a horizontal type low-temperature heat-insulation tank has a reasonable and compact structure, is convenient to use, and can achieve the aim of liquid-sealing heat insulation by virtue of the vertical staggered distribution of the second liquid outlet pipe and the first liquid outlet pipe, therefore, the occupation area is small, limitation of the dimension of a vacuum interlay between inner container of a horizontal type low-temperature heat-insulation tank and the outer shell of the horizontal type low-temperature heat-insulation tank is avoided, and the suction resistance of low temperature pumps is reduced.


This paper attempts to bring out the existing discordance between the linguistic theories and policies that have been developed for over several decades and the continuing tendencies of the teachers, administrators and policy makers, mouthing the 'equal opportunity' slogan, which has been foreseen by many universities and organizations as an instrument for international integration, still a dream to be realized. The paper presents its stance in brief with a few examples in a general tone based on the critical discourse analysis of the existent literature and posits the desirable teacher and other educator dispositions in ELT contexts.


Intramolecular motion and mechanisms of local mobility were considered in linear polyesters, Including thermotropic systems, on the base of experimental results of dielectric absorption research. In some cases the role of molecular motion in the formation of the mesomorphic structure is established.


As stated in the Preface, the purpose of the studies in this volume was to understand the dynamics of etlmicity and identities of circumpolar peoples, and to clarify the true meaning of ethnicity and identity and their relationships, by taking aii anthropological approach. One result is that a new paradigm of anthropology of ethnicity and identity has been formulated and the basic significance of Nonhern cultures redefined. I will discuss these developments in this conclusion,


When working in globally distributed settings, the perception of presence in collaboration and the use of technology directly impact how people are able to act in daily work practices. This paper identifies new ways to transform the way people think about presence in global collaboration, with the aim of improving their work. Thus, the researchers conducted, an action research study over a period of 21 months, where collaborative partners working within a global engineering company were invited to participate in workshops facilitating improved global collaboration. Through two action cycles the techniques were improved in order to make people reflect upon current practices with the aim of transforming their perceptions of presence when working remotely. This paper builds on a sociotechnical approach and presents the results of the action research arguing that while discursive interventions challenging people's perceptions are important, the embodied experience of the activities are essential to be able to transform people's perceptions on presence and improve the global collaboration. KeywoRdS Action Research, Embodied Experience, Global Collaboration, Interventions, Presence


In this project electrical and optical properties of BaZrO3 have been accomplished through the full-potential linear augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) by applying Wein2k software. In this study band structure, density of state, gap energy, refractive index and optical conduction have been studied. The results of calculations show that BaZrO3 is an insulator with an indirect gap in which 3.2 ev and studied refractive index equal 2.07. These results are in accordance with the ones obtained in experimental researches. Keywords—Density Functional Theory (DFT), Full Potential Linearized Augmented Plane Wave (Fp-LAPW), Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA), Linearized Augmented Plane Wave (LAPW), Local Density Approximation (LDA)


We show that Calabi–Yau spaces with certain types of hypersurface-quotient singularities have unobstructed deformations. This applies in particular to all Calabi–Yau orbifolds nonsingular in codimension 2.


This study of noncolonial slavery in 334 societies around the world is based on a new definition of slaves as dependents who are excluded from one of society


This paper presents interactive virtual URS (ubiquitous robotic space) service on mobile phone. We built the 3D virtual URS through modeling indoor physical environment. Then, we can find the location of robot in the virtual URS on web and mobile phone. We can also control the robot view on web and mobile phone. Bridging virtual URS with physical URS, tele-operation of robot on physical space is possible. This paper presents the concept of virtual URS and introduces interaction between robot in the virtual URS and human using web and mobile phone service.


he project for the construction of buildings has been developed with the concept of providing a commercial and residential, safe, efficient alternative with a comfortable environment for its occupants throughout the life of the residential building, thus improving the quality of life of those who residing in it.

A healthy environment helps to maintain and preserve the health of human beings. Therefore it is essential to incorporate the concept that environmental pollution not only causes imbalance in natural and urban ecosystems, it is introduced into the interior spaces of any building or work built.
There are many factors involved for an indoor environment has low environmental impact: the location, orientation, ventilation, electrical installations, sewage, quality, source of materials and components of a building.

The study of the impacts of building components and materials, and solutions that mitigate or correct, the point is to be treated in this research problem.

The Municipality of the Canton Jipijapa, through the Department of Ecology and Environment (DEMA), has requested those responsible for the implementation of the Project, the Environmental Assessment considering low impact since it is a work of category "A" according TULAS classification (Unified Text of Secondary Environmental Legislation).


Carbon dioxide (CO2) enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR) is an important option of the carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technologies at the Yanchang Oilfield, the Ordos Basin, China. The CO2-EOR is attracting much more attention than before in this region. In particular, "U.S.-China Joint Announcement on Climate Change" released at November 11, 2014 in reference to advancing major CCUS demonstrations on a new enhanced water recovery pilot project to produce fresh water from CO2 injection into deep saline aquifers (CO2-EWR) in the Yanchang Oilfield, this further speeded up the development progress of different CCUS technologies in the Ordos Basin, China. Either CO2EOR or CO2-EWR, the injected CO2 may leak and migrate into shallow aquifers or ground surfaces through a variety of pathways over a certain period. The potential leakage risk of CO2 from the reservoirs drives the interests in monitoring of the CCUS projects. The Ministry of Environmental Protection of the PRC signed and released "Technical Guidelines on Environmental Risk Assessment for CCUS (on trial)" in 2016 as a specific response to the monitoring suggestion for the environmental risk indicators. During the process of CO2 leakage, free CO2 will constantly decrease by dissolving in groundwater or reacting with minerals, and correspondingly, chemical indicators will change. Thus, it is possible to monitor CO2 leakage through geochemical monitoring of shallow aquifers. The potential effect of CO2 leakage on the shallow aquifers may be inferred by numerical simulations and other methods in advance, so the location and scale of CO2 leakage can be inversely delineated by distinguishing the changes in monitoring indicators of groundwater and soil gas accurately. In this paper, we firstly addressed the status and the overall scheme developed for the CO2-EOR Demonstration Project at the Jingbian site, the Yanchang Oilfield, the Ordos Basin, Shaanxi, China, under the funding support of China-Australia Geological Storage of CO2 (CAGS) Program. Then, we are focusing on the fluid sampling monitoring as one of key monitoring indicators of leakage assessment, and the detailed monitoring plan was tailored for the Jingbian CO2-EOR Block in the Yanchang Oilfield with consideration to the existing situation of monitoring technologies for CO2EOR activity and project planning in China. All the fluid samples were collected from different locations such as surface water ponds, groundwater wells, and monitoring wells around the CO2 injection site. The specific designed multi-layer U-tube based samplers were installed in the monitoring wells at the Jingbian CO2-EOR site. Three 200 m deep shallow monitoring wells were drilled for the samples of underground water and subsurface soil gases. Using 20 Baseline samples collected in 2016 at the Jingbian, and 22 monitoring samples collected in 2017, we found the tracks of some changes in the fluid chemistry and isotope composition. All the regular anions and cations,


The purpose of the research is to develop a Real-Time Landslide Early Disaster Mitigation Warning System with the ADXL345 Gyroscope Sensor and to know the exact system designed in a prototype. The method used is research and development with a prototyping model which is divided into several stages, namely stage (1) problems, (2) data collection, (3) prototype design, (4) prototype testing, and (5) production. The resulting system is a prototype based on an Arduino microcontroller called "ERT-Ladister" with an ADXL345 Gyroscope sensor. Other features include SMS-Gateway, buzzer, and Monitoring via Monitor. Based on the feasibility test and the effectiveness test on a lab scale and field scale, it can be concluded that the system is feasible and effective. The value of the effectiveness test shows that there is a significant difference between before the system is installed and after the system is installed in field trials. The Real-Time Landslide Early Disaster Mitigation Warning System can increase community awareness around landslide-prone areas.


The increase in agriculture and agro-industrial scale production brings the necessity for alternatives to mitigate environmental impacts. The animal protein production chains (e.g. swine, cattle and poultry) produce effluents with high concentration of nitrogen compounds. In this context, the ANAMMOX (Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation) process is a new strategy for nitrogen removal in a high rate from agricultural and agro-industrial wastewaters under chemolithoautotrophic conditions. This paper presents a literature review of papers published in the last 15 years about the ANAMMOX process, discussing their metabolic pathway, microorganisms, main control parameters as well as studies conducted in Brazil and application possibilities.


The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), is a significant cause of ill health and mortality worldwide. Experiences in different countries show that HIV prevention does work, especially when there is a high level of political commitment, adequate human and financial-resources are made available, and interventions are implemented and sustained over time. It is also clear that the HIV/AIDS epidemic is impacting developed and developing countries differently. Up to 95 per cent of new infections now occur in the developing countries, which are unfortunately also the least equipped to effectively respond to the challenge. Moreover, as the management of patients with HIV improves with availability of new drugs, allowing patients in developed countries to survive longer, these facilities are beyond the reach of those in the developing world. Innovative approaches are therefore needed to develop and apply appropriate and rational prevention and care options. Furthermore, greater understanding of the changing epidemiology of HIV infection and responses at the


High-frequency signal injection sensorless algorithms are widely studied and used for rotor angle estimation in permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) at low speed or standstill. One of the main drawbacks of such methods is the acoustic noise connected to the voltage injection. In order to minimize this problem, it is advisable to increase the frequency of the injected signal. Thus, many studies focus on square-wave injection at the switching frequency, which is the maximum theoretical frequency. Since these methods exploit the rotor magnetic anisotropy, it is relatively easy to use them in interior PMSMs, where the rotor anisotropy is high. On the contrary, it is hard to exploit them in surface PMSMs, which have an almost symmetric rotor, although a low rotor magnetic anisotropy is still present. In this article, a sensorless algorithm with switching frequency square-wave injection is developed for surface PMSMs. To increase the signal-to-noise ratio, current oversampling is exploited. The benefits of such a technique are demonstrated with experimental results on a 2 N·m SPMSM.


The system approach is discussed to explain the essence of the inclusive education. The concepts of "person with disabilities", "person with special educational needs" are defined. Distinction of the terms "inclusive education" and "integrated education" is described. The list of the system properties of inclusive education is attached.


Alumina (Al2O3) based ceramics are widely used for making machine parts, high-temperature components, wear-resistant material and biological ceramic due to their high hardness, strength, wear-resistance, and chemical and thermal stability. However, low fracture toughness (KIC∼3.0 MPa.m1/2) inhibit its usage in other potential applications where high toughness is a pre-requisite (e.g. ceramic engine). In an attempt to improve the strength, particularly the fracture toughness, two step sintering process was used. Sintering temperature was optimized based on the results obtained from dilatometer and DSC-TG analysis. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) was used to make compositional analysis of as received raw powders and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) was used to analysis the phase purity and crystallinity for both powder and sintered samples. Microstructure was investigated by using SEM. Hardness and fracture toughness was measured and its correlation with microstructure was investigated. Density was measured by Archimedes method and crystalline density from XRD. Microhardness diamond indenter was used and the diagonal length of indent and the crack lengths were measured by SEM to calculate the Vickers hardness values and fracture toughness, respectively. The maximum fracture toughness was obtained 4.03 MPa.m1/2 for Al2O3 ceramic and the hardness value was 15.97 GPa. Density was found 99.6% of the relative density of Alumina at optimum sintering cycle and the grain size was found 0.38 µm. Thermal expansion coefficient was measured by dilatometer and the calculated value was 7.9×10-6 K-1. The physical properties of the Alumina were good enough and comparable to withstand high temperature applications.Alumina (Al2O3) based ceramics are widely used for making machine parts, high-temperature components, wear-resistant material and biological ceramic due to their high hardness, strength, wear-resistance, and chemical and thermal stability. However, low fracture toughness (KIC∼3.0 MPa.m1/2) inhibit its usage in other potential applications where high toughness is a pre-requisite (e.g. ceramic engine). In an attempt to improve the strength, particularly the fracture toughness, two step sintering process was used. Sintering temperature was optimized based on the results obtained from dilatometer and DSC-TG analysis. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) was used to make compositional analysis of as received raw powders and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) was used to analysis the phase purity and crystallinity for both powder and sintered samples. Microstructure was investigated by using SEM. Hardness and fracture toughness was measured and its correlation with microstructure was investigated. Density was measured by Archimedes m...


1063 Learning Objectives Non malignant hypermetabolic lymphadenopathy on PET/CT can mimic lymphoma. PET/CT in these cases can identify biopsy sites and monitor disease status. We present a case series of PET/CT scans, demonstrating hypermetabolic lymphadenopathy, which were thought highly suspicious for lymphoma but on biopsy were found to represent nonmalignant etiologies. Case I: A 23 y/o old female presented with thrombocytopenia, fever, chills and neck discomfort. PET/CT: Multiple hypermetabolic right cervical lymph nodes, highly suspicious for lymphoma with no evidence of contralateral malignant adenopathy or extra nodal disease. Histopathology: Necrotizing Histiocytic Lymphadenitis or Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease, a rare autoimmune disorder. Case II: A 54 year old male with prior history of NHL, with complete remission post chemotherapy. PET/CT: New hypermetabolic right cervical, mediastinal, and bilateral hilar adenopathy, two years into remission. Histopathology: Negative for malignant cells. Non-necrotizing granulomatous inflammation present and thought to represent a Sarcoid Like reaction where patients have no symptoms or signs of systemic Sarcoidosis. Case III: A 60 year old male presented with groin swelling, neck mass and night sweats. PET/CT: Hypermetabolic lymphadenopathy above and below the diaphragm and moderate splenomegaly with diffuse hypermetabolism. Histopathology: Castleman's disease, an uncommon lymphoproliferative disorder with localized hyperplasia of lymphoid follicles, marked capillary proliferation with endothelial hyperplasia CASE IV: A 29 Y/O male presents with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and splenectomy due to recurrent autoimmune hemolytic anemia. PET/CT: Diffuse FDG-avid lymphadenopathy above and below the diaphragm. Histopathology: Canale Smith/Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS). Lymph nodes demonstrate paracortical expansion of T cells, follicular hyperplasia, plasmacytosis, and prominent vascularity of interfollicular areas. Conclusion: Hypermetabolic lymphadenopathy can present as lymphoma mimics on PET/CT. PET/CT in these cases can identify biopsy sites and monitor disease status


Significance The evolution of a body plan in multicellular organisms is a central problem in biology. Here, we provide genetic evidence of the involvement of the Hippo cascade, a key growth regulating pathway in axis formation in Hydra, an early emerging metazoan. We demonstrate that the Hippo kinases regulate YAP upstream of Wnt signaling in axis formation and show that YAP and Hippo kinase pathway regulation of cell proliferation and control of the actin cytoskeleton were established early in metazoan evolution. Based on our results we speculate that Hippo signaling and nuclear Yap served to link continuous cell division, cell density, and axis formation early in metazoan evolution.


The paper examines the impact of globalization on international business cycle co-movement. We speci…cally look at globalization in the form of trade and …nancial integration. A two country business cycle model is built with a varying cost of international trade and a varying degree of


Network teaching, especially based on Internet, will affect the traditional teaching mode and eventually become the main trend of the time. The essay, from the structure requirements of personal quality in the information age, the position of teaching mode in education and the characteristics of both traditional and network teaching, analyses the importance of forming the teaching mode under network environment and constructs the teaching theory on the basis of "dominant-main body" system that is made by the combination of class teaching with internet and helps the teaching mode become mutually complement.


Biopsy specimens of normal mucosa (n=5). adenomas (n -13), adenocarcinomas (n = 8). mucosa adjacent to adenoma (n=10) mucosa adjacent to adenocarcinoma (n = 7 ) at the large bowel were investigated by an iminunohistochemical method using 5- bromodeoxynldine (BrdUrd) . The labeling index (LI) was significantly lower in normal nucosa than mucosa adjacent to neoplasms and adenomas and adenocarcinomas. The proliferative zone was confined to the lower two- third at the crypt in normal mucosa and in mucosa adjacent to neoplasms. The labeled cells were either present in the upper third or scattered along the crust and in surface epithelium. The results support the adenmo-carcinoma sequence.


The U.S.-led 'war on terror' has been depicted as necessary to protect human security and the values of democracy. But what are the implications for political regimes in Southeast Asia – a region commonly referred to as the 'second front' in the war against terror? In particular, what does the new geopolitics mean for authoritarian regimes and those forces attempting to entrench more democratic systems? This paper examines developments in Singapore and Malaysia, to argue that the war on terror is providing new opportunities to consolidate or revive authoritarianism, with the potential to exacerbate rather than resolve underlying conflicts in the region.


FRB 180916.J0158+65 is a well-known repeating fast radio burst with a period ($16.35~\rm d$) and an active window ($5.0~\rm d$). We give out the statistical results of the dispersion measures and waiting times of bursts of FRB 180916.J0158+65. We find the dispersion measures at the different frequencies show a bimodal distribution. The peaking dispersion measures of the left mode of the bimodal distributions increase with frequency, but the right one is inverse. The waiting times also present the bimodal distribution, peaking at 0.05622 and 1612.91266 s. The peaking time is irrelevant to the properties of bursts, either for the preceding or subsequent burst. By comparing the statistical results with possible theoretical models, we suggest that FRB 180916.J0158+65 suffered from the plasma lensing effects in the propagation path. Moreover, this source may be originated from a highly magnetized neutron star in a high-mass X-ray binary.


ABSTRACT The coronavirus pandemic had a tremendous impact on the hotel industry worldwide. The present study highlights strategic directions for quality improvements and customer satisfaction enhancement in Wuhan hotels by applying Multiple Criteria Satisfaction Analysis to online user-generated satisfaction ratings. In total, 21.247 guest satisfaction ratings on four aspects of hotel stay (location, cleanliness, value for money and service) as well as on overall satisfaction for the 406 hotels listed for Wuhan on TripAdvisor were retrieved. The analysis revealed that convenient location is the most important satisfaction criterion for hotel guests' satisfaction and that hotels perform well regarding this criterion. Also, cleanliness, value for moneyand service can be potential threats for customer satisfaction.


The result showed: the climatic factors were suitable for wind erosion at Agri-pasture Transition Zone in the North Area of Yinshan Mountain and the annual average climatic erosivity is 154.5,which is over the serious degree(C≥100).For the seasons,the spring is the most serious with climatic erosivity of 80.3,then the following seasons are winter(38.7),summer(18.9) and autumn(16.6).


The Basel II/III and CRD IV Accords reduce capital charges on bank loans to smaller firms by assuming that the default probabilities of smaller firms are less sensitive to macroeconomic cycles. We test this assumption in a default intensity framework using a large sample of bank loans to private Danish firms. We find that controlling only for size, the default probabilities of small firms are, in fact, less cyclical than the default probabilities of large firms. However, accounting for firm characteristics other than size, we find that the default probabilities of small firms are equally cyclical or even more cyclical than the default probabilities of large firms. These results hold using a multiplicative Cox model as well as an additive Aalen model with time-varying coefficients.


I am grateful to Tomi Kushner for inviting commentaries on my paper, "Medical Ethics: Common or Uncommon Morality?"1 and for the authors who submitted their remarks, Leonard M. Fleck,2 Leslie Francis,3 Tuija Takala, and Matti Häyry.4 I appreciate their investment of time and effort and sharing their insights. Their articles provide a banquet of food for thought, and, in return, I now tender my smorgasbord in response. For the most part, they each raise different issues and I respond to them separately. Professor Francis as well as Professors Takala and Häyry, however, challenge one core thesis, and I reply to them together near the end of my defense.


The article studies the essence and peculiarities of using social and solidarity financing mechanisms in the modern economy. The development of the social and solidarity economy, which balances the goals and priorities of sustainable development with the goals and values of the market economic system, raises the issue of financing organizations in this sector that do not always adhere to economically sustainable business models. Companies of the social and solidarity economy are a tool for forming a new and efficient system of the national economy, providing environmental protection, cultural development, education, healthcare, social security, implementation of civil society initiatives, etc. However, as they pursue primarily social rather than economic goals, the issues of their financial support and achieving financial sustainability in the long-term context are being raised. The article analyzes the transformation of social and solidarity financing mechanisms, defines their essence in the current context, and identifies the primary sources of social and solidarity financing by potential providers. The latter include individuals, participants, shareholders, other stakeholders, foundations and philanthropic organizations, financial intermediaries, and public authorities. The next stage of the study systematizes the main types of social and solidarity financing mechanisms in the modern economy, including traditional (donations, grants, loans, subsidies, etc.) and innovative forms (ethical, impact investing, tolerance capital, social stock exchanges, etc.). Based on the analysis, the authors substantiate the reasons for the growing role of social and solidarity financing in the modern business sector, which include an increase in demand for qualified personal and social services as a result of the long-term COVID-19 pandemic and Russian aggression in Ukraine; and the actualization of social inclusion issues due to the growing social inequality and uncertainty of specific population groups and the need for their social adaptation.


The Health Professionals Study by Giovannucci from Harvard University demonstrated an increased risk of prostate cancer and vasectomy in men born between 1911 and 1946 and vasectomized prior to 1965. In the Nurses Health Study by Giovannucci risk was limited to men vasectomized older than age 40 years. However a recent National Institutes of Health panel stated that there is insufficient basis for changing current practices of screening sterilized men for prostate cancer. Weak associations between contraception and cancer may require 50 or more observational studies to establish causality. Observational studies cannot discern how many self-reported prostatic adenocarcinomas may have been nonneoplastic lesions including prostatic dysplasia prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia or benign prostatic hyperplasias that were treated as prostate cancer. Approximately 20-35% of men older than age 40 years harbor small latent carcinomas. With only 3% of the men in the Harvard cohort studies identified as tumor positive potential screening bias is a major concern. The studies must avoid detection bias and must focus on the prostate disease entity and its sequelae. Sponsored by the National Cancer Institute the 74000-man PLCO Cancer Screening Trial and the placebo-controlled 18000-man Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial were launched in 1993; these trials have design advantages including equalized numbers of prostate-specific antigens and digital rectal examinations; lifetime mortality follow-ups; and in the prevention trial using finasteride prostatic biopsies for all participants. Substudies of vasectomized men participating in randomized prevention and screening trials of prostate cancer are also initiated. Concerned vasectomized men ought to be informed about the recently completed prostate cancer studies including their uncertainties explaining that the issue is now under intensive investigation.


The invention discloses a kind of charging systems based on secondary control, comprising: transformer;Fairing;Secondary commutation switching tube and secondary synchronization rectify companion chip, secondary synchronization rectifies the opening and closing of companion chip control secondary commutation switching tube, and secondary commutation switching tube is controlled according to the transmission signal of the charging interface received to adjust the voltage that the both ends of secondary windings generate mutation, generation output voltage switching signal when the Voltage Feedback of the mutation through overregulating arrives auxiliary winding;Primary control chip and primary switch pipe, primary control chip generates gating signal when collecting output voltage switching signal, and the feedback voltage of the voltage and pressure feedback port detected according to gating signal, voltage detection terminal controls with the output voltage of regulating system and output electric current primary switch pipe.The charging system can be realized charging output specification and be changed according to load intelligence.The invention also discloses a kind of secondary control devices of charging system based on secondary control.


This paper investigated the relationship between psychological contract breach (PCB) and job satisfaction (JS) having perceived organisational support (POS) as a moderator. This study employed social exchange theory and organisational support theory to examine PCB, JS and POS relationship. Date collection was made with the help of a self-administered questionnaire from five public sector universities across Pakistan. A sample of 1230 was used for this research study. About 739 valid respondents participated in this research. Structural equation modelling and IBM AMOS was used to carry out analysis. Results showed that PCB led to job dissatisfaction; however, POS did not moderate this relationship. Limitation of this research was its being cross-sectional. A longitudinal study is proposed. Researchers, practitioners are urged to understand PCB, JS and POS relationship in order to have a good employee-employer relationship much needed for the high performance work systems (HPWS).


As a drive mechanism, permanent magnets brushless linear DC motor possesses many advantages, such as high position accuracy, high system dynamics,zero cogging, zero attractive force and so on, so it has a extensive application in position system. Base on the brief introduction of its operation principle, the method how to appropriately select the permanent magnets brushless linear DC motor is described in this paper. At last, a selective example is put forward.


Functional languages excel at describing complex programs by composition of small building blocks. Yet, it can be difficult to predict the performance properties of such compositions. Namely, whether parts of the computation are shared or duplicated is typically left to the compiler to decide heuristically.
Linear types serve as a tool to specify the desired behaviour (sharing or duplication). This means that the programmer is able to predict the performance of composition solely from the types of the composed functions. Girard's linear logic (LL) can be extended with vector types and a synchronization primitive, making a linear language with array manipulation capabilities.
In this master thesis, we improve on the n-ary extension of LL by introducing a self-dual, sequential array operator with an aggregation function. We provide a functional interpretation of the resulting calculus, which forms the basis for a low-level code generator.
We then illustrate the effectiveness of the extended language by writing a number of examples
in compositional style, and show that they predictably compile to efficient code. Examples include
kernels of classical algorithms (1-dimensional stencil, QuickHull).


4 Luminescent beer constituents were studied using total luminescence techniques. Significant spectral variations observed between various sam- ples including fresh and photooxidized samples confirmed the potential of the method as a tool for beer typifying and quality control. Quantitative analysis should be possible using appropriate chemometric tools. Singlet oxygen was confirmed to be an active oxygen species in the photooxidation of beers. Additional tests of beer volatiles performed using an electronic nose with subsequent principal component data analysis proved that this method can positively discriminate various beer samples and also recognize the effects of photooxidation and loss of flavour and taste in contact with the atmosphere.


The background of this research is the teaching of aqidah morals which is not yet appropriate in the formation of student behavior at MTs Labibia, Kendari City. This research aims to find out: 1) Aqidah Akhlak learning at MTs Labibia, Kendari City. 2) Knowing the behavior of students at MTs Labibia, Kendari City. 3) Knowing the effect of learning aqidah morals on student behavior at MTs Labibia, Kendari City. This research is a quantitative research using survey method. The sampling technique in this study was saturated sampling, the number of samples used was 83 students. Data collection techniques in this study used questionnaires and observation. The data analysis technique used is descriptive and inferential analysis. From the results of the study showed 1) learning aqidah morals at MTs Labibia has an average of 73 with a minus category percentage of 34%. 2) student behavior at MTs Labibia has an average of 127 with an enough category of 42%. 3) there is an effect of learning aqidah morals on student behavior at MTs Labibia with a significant value of 0.00 <0.05 with a contribution of 11.1%, so it can be concluded that variable X affects variable Y.


Abstract A circannual rhythm of testicular size existed in California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi) kept at 20°C under 3 regimes of daylength: Santa Barbara (SB), LD 12:12, and southern hemisphere (SH). Seasonal descent of testes was measured on a scale of 0–4. The squirrels on SB daylength maintained a cycle of descent of 11.13 months; those on LD 12:12 of 11.61 and those on SH daylength 10.65. The latter 2 groups showed great variation. The persistence of the rhythm under constant daylength (LD 12:12) and also on a 6‐months phase shift indicates that the rhythm is circannual.


Applying the behavioral agency model developed by Wiseman and Gomez-Mejia (1998), this paper analyzes human resource factors that induce supply chain executives (SCEs) to make decisions that foster or hinder supply chain integration. We examine two internal sources - compensation and employment risk - and one external source - environmental volatility - of risk bearing that can make SCEs more reluctant to make the decision of promoting supply chain integration. We argue and empirically confirm the notion that an employment and compensation system that increases SCE risk bearing reduces the SCE´s willingness to make risky decisions and thus discourages supply chain integration. We also reveal that this negative relationship becomes stronger under conditions of high environmental volatility. In addressing the "so what?" question, we find empirical support for the hypothesis that supply chain integration positively influences operational performance. Even though this decision has positive value for the firm, we found that SCEs discourage supply chain integration when they face higher risk bearing. Hypotheses are tested using a combination of primary survey data and archival measures in a sample of 133 Spanish firms.


WebSphere application server can make user to realize the aim for Servlet exploitation——"Once write everywhere use",Web server disposal is setting:the HTTP request for JSP file be transited to WebSphere application server,It has a integral proof protocol and scheme for safe set,and support the Servlet disposal with XML file.


ABSTRACT The disease caused by COVID-2019 has caused an impact on worldwide realities, including care of patients at clinics and hospitals. The medical societies have recommended patients in stable clinical conditions to stay at home, in order to reduce exposure of healthcare teams and patients. Elective cardiac catheterization procedures should be postponed; however, if performed, some measures must be taken, such as minimizing the number of staff in the room, testing patients for COVID-19 and using appropriate personal protection equipment. [...]