The capsid plays many important roles in the virus life cycle, including host cell recognition, cell entry, uncoating and protection of viral RNA. In this thesis, artificial selection, use of inhibitory compounds and structural analysis have been combined to further understand aspects of these multiple roles.
The VP1 pocket is a hydrophobic cavity in the capsid that harbours a fatty acid, known as the pocket factor. The presence of this fatty acid can increase capsid stability and its release is required for the virus to uncoat. Certain compounds are able to bind to the pocket and displace the natural fatty acid (causing a further increase in capsid stability) and can inhibit infection by making the virus so stable that it is unable to uncoat. Novel compounds, termed NLD and ALD, have been designed in silico based upon the previous best EV71 pocket binding inhibitor GPP3. These were shown to inhibit EV71 infection in cells, with NLD being more than one order of magnitude more potent than the previous best EV71 pocket-binding inhibitor. Resistance towards these compounds was studied to reveal a double mutation in VP1 (I113M and V123L). Mapping the mutations to the EV71 crystal structure revealed that they were located in the VP1 pocket, and modelling predicted that they would prevent NLD and the natural pocket factor from binding. Further characterisation of the resistant isolate revealed that the mutations were thermally- and genetically-unstable.
Further investigation on thermal stability involved selection of a thermally-stable virus. This generated viruses with a double mutation in the VP1 pocket (V179A and
L183V). These mutations were predicted to increase the size of the VP1 pocket, and were shown to affect the way the virus interacts with the natural pocket factor. The effects of a variety of different pocket factors on the heat stability of WT EV71, the thermostable mutant, and the inhibitor-resistant mutant were analysed.
In addition, work was conducted to assess the effect of pH on uncoating. For uncoating it is known that EV71 must be incubated at a low pH in the presence of its major receptor SCARB2. To investigate the effects of this, EV71 was incubated at a low pH during infection. This was shown to reduce the virus titre, and repeated exposure to this condition selected for a VP1 mutation (N104S). This residue is predicted to be involved in binding to SCARB2, and the mutant virus was shown to differ in susceptibility to compounds that affect entry and uncoating.


Various things can occur in the implementation of a construction project that could lead an increase implementation time so that the completion of the project tends to be delayed or not according to plan. The OSP-FO Project was chosen as a case study because of the 3rd license party is not released yet from 5th July 2018 until entered May, 2019. The project is not having production work for more than 6 weeks and the status of the project is become on hold project. Therefore, it is necessary to renew the schedule and accelerate the project when the license is release. Time Cost Trade Off (TCTO) method is a schedule compression to get a project that is more profitable in terms of time (duration), cost, and income. The goal is to compress projects with acceptable duration and minimize the total cost of the project by selecting critical activities with adding optimum working hours for 3 hours per day. From the results of the analysis, the optimum cost is Rp. 22,397,932,645,- and the optimum duration is 292 days, so that the cost efficiency is Rp. 91,596,790 or 0,0041% and the time efficiency is 78 days or 0.2110%.


M ore than a decade after the implosion of the CPSU leadership (i.e., the Soviet system) the Western-style, free market Russia that many in the West desired has yet to appear. As the principal successor state to the Soviet Union, Russia currently resides in the twilight zone of both being ally and rival to the West, evolving as a complex political hybrid that defies precise categorization. It has also defied Western (predominantly American) attempts to assign it the role of quiescent and cooperative junior partner in Bush the Elder's "new world order." Of course, as Jeffrey Surovell argues throughout his provocative monograph, Capitalist Russia and the West, the days of superpower parity are long gone. Indeed, Surovell captures an important aspect of the new status quo, demonstrating throughout his treatise that Russia's dependency on the West "is not a totally harmonious, smooth, and mutually coordinated affair, but entails bargaining for advantage, giveand-take, even threat among the various parties."1 This is reflected clearly by a recent statement in which President Putin emphasized "that Russia must learn to protect its position in a world characterized by extremely cruel competition, especially economically. Russia has no special claims in the world, but insists upon treatment commensurate with i s history, potential and enormous size.2 Capitalist Russia and the West comprises a thorough (indeed, year by year) accounting of Russia's slide from a power broker of highly heralded summits to the pawnbroker for conventional weapons and nuclear technology. The point of departure for Surovell's take on Russia is a deep grounding in dependency theory as well as class-based (mainly Marxist) approaches to politics and society. This leads to an inevitable stress on economic issues, both on the domestic and international levels. This is both a strength and a weakness, as Surovell endeavors to explain the post-Communist incarnation of Russia's social order in terms of the enduring struggle of international capital and labor. Surovell's reliance on such extrinsic factors perhaps undervalues the self-destructive, reactionary impulses of Russian society that fuel the many conspiracy theorists in the Russian Federation who blame America for dragging it down. Despite the international sympathy following the events of


Lichtenberg figures in insulating oil are employed in order to make clear the breakdown mechanism of a dielectric liquid. The thin figure, which may be explained as the trace of the pure electronic process in the liquid, is not affected by the variation of atmospheric pressure above the oil surface; but the thick figure, which may show the discharge in the gas phase produced by the rupture of the bonding of the oil molecules by electron bombardment, is greatly broadened by reduction of pressure. Even when an initial discharge takes place in the gas phase and breakdown occurs at lower field strength, the pure electronic process in liquid remains unchanged. These results are in agreement with those of spectrographic observation of impulse corona in liquids.


After inventing the intermittent windshield wiper, Robert Kearns tried to interest the "Big Three" automakers in licensing this technology. After rejecting his proposal, these companies all began using his patent without his permission and installing intermittent wipers on their cars. When Kearns filed suit against Ford in 1978 for patent infringement, he did not have a lawyer. Although he had no legal background, he represented himself with help from his family. In response, Ford did what many companies do in patent cases: it began stalling in the hopes that Kearns would run out of money. The lawsuit against Ford became Kearns' life — he poured all of his time and every penny he had into it even though the case would not go to trial until 1990, twelve years after the suit was filed. He was not interested in money, but in getting his justice. Eventually Kerns settled with Ford for $10.2 million, yet the fight with Ford and other companies over their infringement took a toll on his mental health, leading to a nervous breakdown and strained relationships with his family. Kearns' story of a solo inventor being robbed of his invention by a large corporation and then suffering mental distress, even if less prevalent now simply because solo inventors are less common than they once were, is by no means unique.


Virtual experiment is an absolutely necessary tool for long-distance education.Nevertheless,there are lots of disadvantages,such as weak function,burdensome workload and repeated development,in establishing virtual experiment system.To solve the above imperfections,it is a good way to establish a universal developing platform.The development of virtual experiments can be significantly simplified by the help of the universal platform.Main train of thought to establish the universal platform was introduced.Particularly,the key techniques,used in the first stage of the whole development,were introduced in detail.


A 5 month old goat was presented to Referral Veterinary Polyclinics and Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, with history of anorexia from 3 days, diarrhoea and oculo-nasal discharge. Clinical examination revealed pyrexia- 104.5⸰ F, salivation, congested mucous membrane, ulcerated lesions on oral cavity, dehydration and mucopurulent nasal discaharge. Confirmatory diagnosis was made by molecular technique RT-PCR. In this case study therapeutic management of PPR was done with appropriate antibiotic and supportive care.


Maximal frequent subgraph mining (MFSM) is the task of mining only maximal frequent subgraphs, i.e. subgraphs that are not a part of other frequent subgraphs. Although many intelligent systems require MFSM, MFSM is challenging compared to frequent subgraph mining (FSM), as maximal frequent subgraphs lie in the middle of graph lattice, and FSM algorithms must explore an exponential space and an NP-hard subroutine of frequency counting. Different from prior research, which primarily focused on optimal solutions, we introduce pmMine, a progressive graph neural framework designed for MFSM in a single large graph to attain an approximate solution. The framework combines isomorphic graph embedding, non-parametric partitioning, and an efficiently top-down pattern searching strategy. The critical insight that makes pmMine work is to define the concepts of rooted subgraph and isomorphic graph embedding, in which the costly isomorphism subroutine can be efficiently performed using similarity estimation in embedding space. In addition, pmMine returns the patterns identified during the mining process in a progressive manner. We validate the efficiency and effectiveness of our technique through extensive experiments on a variety of datasets spanning various domains.


The effects of reducing N application on plant N uptake,utilization,and soil N balance in rice-wheat rotation system were studied using field experiments.The results show that compared with farmers' practice for N fertilization,N 225 kg/ha for wheat with 1/2 basal and 1/2 topdressing at the tillering stage and N 210 kg/ha for rice with the ratio of 3∶2 for the basal and tillering applications,the grain yields are not decreased under the N application amounts with a reduction by 20%-30%,while the N recovery efficiency,N agronomic efficiency,and N partial factor productivity are increased.Moreover,topdressing N fertilization can increase the grain yields and reduce the cost of the fertilization.Although both soil mineral N content and accumulation are reduced,the N absorptions by crops are not reduced accordingly.There is less residual soil mineral N in 0-100 cm layer at the harvest stages of wheat and rice compared to that of the farmer's practice.In addition,the loss of apparent N in the rice-wheat system is mainly occurred in the rice season.Therefore,it is preliminarily concluded that the reducing N application by 20%-30% is a feasible N management practice under the first rice-wheat rotation system in the middle-lower Yangtze plain with over N fertilization.


This document is part of a wider investigation that I am currently developing under the tutorship of Dr. and Specialist Lourdes Cilleruelo Gutierrez in the Art and Technology Department of the Fine Arts Faculty at the University of the Basque Country, called Copy or discard: Between Memetics and Net.Art which is based on the idea that copying is natural to the human specie and that it is a tool that a human being uses to continue surviving. In this sense, when he copies, his brain grows bigger and therefore this action allows him to confront the environment, allows him to evolve. Taking this idea as starting point, we moved to the Net, we assumed the attitude of artists-ethnographers and supported by the Memes theory proposed by Richard Dawkins, we displaced the memes concept from Net.Art to Art and shared a reflexivity model in which the copy stops being an stigmatized term to value it as an act of evolution, an act of survival, a synonym of success and adaptability inside the body of Internet. We want to talk about an art form in which the orders have been inverted in favour of survival. A living body conditioned by the constant update process that the Net is suffering nowadays and whose display depends on computerized devices polluted with planned obsolescence.


Cholesterol and high blood pressure are major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases/CVDs. Most CVDs can be prevented by early detection and correcting risk factors. This study aims to determine the profile of blood glucose, cholesterol, blood pressure and its association with CVDs risk. This study was a cross-sectional study with the porposive sampling method. Subjects were participants of the chronic disease management program (Prolanis) in the community health centers. The risk of CVDs was assessed by Framingham Risk Score tools. Data analysis with the anova test. The results showed a total of 81 participants with 24.69% are low-risk group and 75.31% are intermediate-high risk. Mean glucose was 160,20 mg/dL. Mean lipid profile: total-C was 207,59 mg/dL, HDL-C was 44.86 mg/dL, LDL-C was 147,70 mg/dL and median ratio total-C/HDL-C was 4,7. Median (min-max) blood pressure: systolic blood pressure was 148 mmHg (99-203) and diastolic blood pressure was 82 mmHg (61-119). CVDs risk was associated with (p-value); total-C (0,006), ratio total-C/HDL-C (0.008), systolic blood pressure (0,001), and diastolic blood pressure (0,014). This shows that CVDs risk its associated with total-C, ratio total-C/HDL-C, and blood pressure. Therefore, we propose that early detection and corrected behavioral risk factors as an effort to prevent CVDs.


Fluorenylidene dications, such as the dications of p- and m-substituted diphenylmethylidenefluorenes, show appreciable antiaromaticity. Evidence of antiaromaticity is demonstrated through 'H NMR shifts, nucleus independent chemical shifts (NICS), magnetic susceptibility exaltation, A, and (anti)aromatic (de)stabilization energies, ASE. Extension of the research to indenylidenefluorene dications shows that, contrary to expectation, the indenyl cation in these dications is less antiaromatic than the fluorenyl cation. The magnitude of the antiaromaticity is evaluated through comparison to the aromaticity of related dianions and reveals that the fluorenylidene dications are more antiaromatic than the fluorenylidene dianions are aromatic.


Decision-feedback equalizer can compensate very well for the multi-path dispersive channels which have deep decadence,but in traditional design,the error function varies sharply around the signal's constellation points,and leads to the bit-error-rate's increase.A new error function was used,which was a smooth function instead of the traditional one.Simulations demonstrate,using the new design,about 0.2 dB processing gain can be attained comparing to the old when the bit error rate is between 10-3 and 10-4;and the value of bit error rate is lower in new design when the input signal-to-noise ratio is in the lower region.


It has been proposed by Atiyah and Manton [1] that the dynamics of Skyrmions in IR 3+1 may be approximated by motion on a finite dimensional manifold obtained from the moduli space of SU(2) Yang-Mills instantons in IR 4. Motivated by this work we describe how similar results exist for other soliton and instanton systems. We describe in detail two examples for the approximation of the infinite dimensional dynamics of sine-Gordon solitons in IR 1+1 by finite dimensional dynamics on a manifold obtained from instanton moduli. In the first example we use the moduli space of CI P 1 instantons in IR 2 and in the second example we use the moduli space of SU(2) Yang-Mills instantons in IR 4. The metric and potential functions on these manifolds are constructed and the resulting dynamics is compared with the explicit exact soliton solutions of the sine-Gordon theory.


The corbels form one of the most important Architectonic elements in supporting the outer juts about the walls .in this research, we followed some exemplars in Indian Islamic Architecture, religious and civil, we studied the aspects of this Architectonic element from the naming ,and what mentioned from the synonym terms in the building and linguistic books, we also followed the appearance exemplars this element in Islamic Architecture in India .we have taken some exemplars from the corbels of its buildings for study and analysis.     This study, appeared a variety in the designs of corbels according the Indian architecture and the ruling progenies in the Architectonic institutions. For example ,the  corbel which were used for supporting  the entries laces, most of them consisted of one striping or tabled piece .this piece ,its sides were flouriest  with the artistic that was the same for(Aljwaasik) corbels which were used in carrying the shelves the outer interfaces the corbels used in the regions of domes removing ,it had acronical shape ,supporting at tringle steps according to the estuation of domes circle .also corbels used to support the balconies of the place of callings pray, and  it had a different shapes .for example in Ahmed abad it  appeared in flounced by the local Hindu fabric, also in the city of the opener yousickry which was built by the great Sultan, also its designs were influenced by Hindu fabric, because the Sultans forgiveness and love for them that also reflected upon the Architectonic fabric .he mingled the Islamic Architecture with the local  fabric and the new comer to India especially the Persian and the Middle Asian as he wanted to unify the whole religious in one religion.


: oor dietary habits established during childhood might persist into adulthood, increasing the risk of developing malnutrition-related complications such as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, underweight, and obesity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of beliefs and habits of the family on child feeding for 138 children whose ages were 6-24-month-old, their mothers attending the National Institute of Nutrition in the educational kitchen. Data for the research was collected through a questionnaire. The infant was fed on complimentary meals for 6 months the weight, height, and hemoglobin levels were determined before and after feeding. It was found that 63% gave birth by cesarean section, and 43% of the sample had knowledge about breastfeeding from their relatives. About half of the sample (42%) started breastfeeding immediately after birth, while (72. 6%) of mothers used flued breastfeeding and supplied another source of fluid by grandmother encouragement. The results showed that 65.2% did not know the benefits of colostrum milk. The impact of the daily meals (NNI diet) after 6 months showed that it could be noticed that the macronutrients were increased after eating complimentary meals than they were before except carbohydrates level was decreased with complimentary meals.


I'm presenting here a joint work with PAM. We are building a game semantic model of linear logic where both games and strategies are possibly nonalternating. In contrast to mainstream game semantics which is usually alternating. The main difficulty here is to provide a satisfactory notion of innocence in this new framework. The usual notion of innocence relies on the notion of view which requires alternating plays to work (in its usual formulation). The first point we should address is: what is a satisfactory notion of innocence?


Immunomodulator stimulates leucocytes, particularly cells of the macrophage system and modulates and p otentiates the immune system of the body. It has been recommended earlier that the constant addition of immunomod ulators to feed is beneficial for prevention of diseases 1 . One of such immunostimulant compound is β-Glucan, polymers of glucose which consists of a linear backbone of β-1, 3 linked D-glucopyranosyl residues having varyi ng degree of branching from the C 6 position 2 .


In a 1996 article published in the American Journal of Higher Education, Shelley M Park declared that: A gendered division of labour exists within (as outside) the contemporary academy wherein research is implicitly deemed "men's work" and is explicitly valued, whereas teaching and service are characterised as "women's work" and explicitly devalued. The purpose of this paper is to critically appraise Park's claim regarding a gendered division of labour in the context of Australian universities. The paper will question in particular whether Park's 1996 statement applies to contemporary practices of community engagement in universities. The authors will include a brief outline of contemporary feminist and community engagement thinking as context for the paper. By way of conclusion, we suggest that feminist scholarship and methodology, and other areas of critical scholarship in the humanities and social sciences, have a lot to offer to establishing - and critiquing - emerging community engagement activities in Australian universities. We also argue that, in raising the profile of "service" and alternative participatory modes of research as valuable pursuits in academic work, the community engagement "movement" may contribute to a more equitable academic reward and promotions system for males and females alike.


It is suspected that the franciscana is the cetacean species in the western South Atlantic with the most conservation problems, which occur throughout the species entire range. Incidental captures in coastal fishing nets, contamination, habitat destruction, and overfishing are the most common problems this species confronts. But most importantly, the general lack of knowledge about the species on the part of the public, lawmakers, fishermen and even members of the scientific community, has enabled the franciscana to go unnoticed. Thus, today there is no conservation program or legislation that assures its conservation. In order to draft this document, an exhaustive study was undertaken of each of the existing pieces of legislation in Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina that could be linked, directly or indirectly, to the protection and conservation of the franciscana. All of the compiled information can be found in Annex I, where the number and a summary of the text of each legal document (e.g., law, resolution, decree) are listed together. The pieces of legislation whose content is potentially useful from the legal point of view, with regard to the management and conservation of the franciscana, have been highlighted in grey. There are laws that are local and regional in scope, others with a broader national mandate and still others that operate at the international level. From a quick survey of the legislation of the three countries, it is evident that there are many laws, decrees, and resolutions that cover protection and management of aquatic fauna. In spite of this, the most urgent problem is the lack of enforcement of existing laws on the part of the responsible agencies and parties. Education programs for the franciscana or marine mammals in general, which are a fundamental pillar of conservation, are also lacking in Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina. In Argentina, the Cethus Foundation (Fundacion Cethus) together with CEANSE1, has been organizing an educational program whose central focus is the franciscana. The objectives and outline for this project are described in Annex II. In addition, the AquaMarine Foundation (Fundacion AquaMarine), with the support of international nongovernmental organizations and the backing of the Department of Fish and Aquatic Resources under the Secretary of Sustainable Development and Environmental Policy in the federal government of Argentina, is putting together an educational program for both the short and long term. The program was launched in December 2001. The principal objective of this program is to spread information about the biology and conservation status of the franciscana throughout the range of its distribution along the Argentine coast, focusing efforts during the first year in the localities of San Clemente del Tuyu, San Bernardo, La Lucila, Santa Teresita, Mar del Plata, Bahia Blanca and Bahia San Blas (Buenos Aires Province).


Pregnancy, one of the most important milestones of a women's life, is characterized by complex physiological changes which tend to adversely affect the oral health. Maintenance of good oral health during pregnancy is of paramount importance, owing to its possible complications with neglect. Potential risks of poor oral health and necessary precautions pertaining to dental treatment during pregnancy are outlined below.


The spatial distribution of towns and water in northwest arid areas has great spatial correlation.In this paper,Shiyang river basin was selected as the study area,and using remote sensing data and geographical spatial data to analyze and confirm the spatial distribution characteristic and interrelationship between the development of towns and distribution of water under the help of the GIS technology.On the basis,the coupling effect is also analyzed.The results of the study show that the gravitational field value between Gulang county,Yongchang county,Sunan country and water is highest,while Jinchuan district is lowest.However,the construction of many reservoirs artificially brings down the problem to some extent,which development of the cities was confined by water resources because of low field strength.The characteristic that towns distribute along the river stream is very obvious,and their development is obviously and strongly influenced by water resources.


Yanbu is considered one of the most important industrial and tourist city on the eastern side of the Red Sea coast. There is an expansion in the modern facilities and industries where there is a port for the transport and export of petroleum products, different industries, as these activities and expansion can affect the coastal environment. The first affective organisms will be the phytoplankton as they are the biological indicator of water pollution. Therefore, a study on phytoplankton was conducted at Yanbu lagoon seasonally from spring to summer 2016-2017. The main objectives of this study were to find out the seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton community composition, phytoplankton abundance and chlorophyll a in relation with dynamic seasonal changes of physicoal-chemical factors. The whole lagoon was intersect in 6 stations for the study, among them 5 stations (St. 1 st , 2nd, 3rd, 4 th and 5 th 1-5) were located inside the lagoon and station 6 th was on inlet between lagoon and the Red Sea. Water temperature varied from 22.00  C to 33.30  C (average of 26.90  C), and salinity from 34.60 to 37.10 (average 35.81). Chlorophyll a concentration was fluted 0.07 - 2.20 mg.m -3 (average of 0.39 mg.m -3 ). A total of 168 phytoplankton species were identified, among them 94 belong to Bacillariophyceae, 69 Dinophyceae, 3 Cyanophyceae, 1 Chlorophyceae and 1 Mediophyceae. Cells Phytoplankton abundance varied from 2.34  10 3 to 12.07  10 3 cells. L -1 ,(average of 6.78  10 3 cells. L -1 ) and the highest and lowest were in spring and winter, respectively.


We read with interest the paper by Hillman et al.1 concerning the use of chromosomal microarray (CMA) in prenatal diagnosis. Presented datasets included: a prospective cohort of pregnant women with ultrasound abnormalities and a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on prenatal cases referred for any indication, fetal ultrasound abnormalities included. The authors corroborated the usefulness of CMA in pregnancies with ultrasound abnormalities, and reported an additional detection rate of abnormalities by CMA compared with karyotyping of 4.1% in their cohort and of 10% in the whole meta-analysis. These different figures were likely due to the different analytical sensitivity of the CMA platforms used (i.e. bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) vs oligoarray). A BAC platform comparable to that utilized in the Hillman study has been tested by other groups2,3, who claimed higher detection rates, by also incorporating into their results large imbalances detectable by means of good-quality chromosomal preparations. Accordingly, Hillman et al. emphasize the relevance of high-quality laboratory practices to compare CMA and karyotyping results in order to avoid a significant bias in any conclusion. Furthermore, copy number variations (CNVs) such as the PMP22 deletion, classified as a 'positive' result, should be regarded as incidental findings1,2 and should not be considered in the detection rate estimation of CMA when comparing with karyotyping; moreover, such results are unlikely to address the particular concerns the couple may have when seeking prenatal diagnosis for abnormal ultrasound findings. However, the results reported by Hillman et al. agree with published guidelines and statements indicating that pregnancies with ultrasound abnormalities would benefit from CMA. Subanalysis of the pregnancies referred for 'any indication' disclosed highly heterogeneous results, with the additional detection rate of abnormalities by CMA compared with karyotyping ranging from 0.4 to 50%, while the detection rate of VOUS (variants of unknown significance) was 1.4%. Therefore, given the heterogeneity and increasing resolution over the years of CMA platforms and the merging of lowand high-risk populations, it is difficult to draw any final conclusion, particularly regarding CMA use in low-risk pregnancies. A recent report has indeed shown that when advanced maternal age or anxiety were the only or main indications for referral, the detection gain by CMA ranged from 1.0% and 0.6%, respectively4. These figures are evidently low compared with the VOUS detection rate. In our opinion, the higher diagnostic capacity of CMA should not be the only criterion for updating health policy committee statements; such decisions should be planned only after careful assessment of the largescale application of CMA to unselected populations. In this perspective, several crucial issues await resolution, including the appropriate array design, assessment of the clinical relevance of a CNV with variable penetrance and expressivity, consensus on reporting VOUS and the related emotional burden of such findings. In order to assess comprehensively the large-scale application of CMA in low-risk pregnancies, we reiterate the advocacy for a model such as ACCE5, which is formulated based on the main criteria for evaluation of a genetic test (analytical validity, clinical validity and clinical utility) but which also consciously considers ethical, legal and social implications. The latter considerations are of particular importance when proposing


Objective Through investgating the onset of dermatosis in HanWang hited by Wenchuan earthquake,we provide scientific recommendation for people in that area to prevent and treat dermatosis after the devastating earquake.Methods To investigate the incidence of dermatosis by classifying,collecting and analysing.Results The prevalence of dermatosis was surveyed and divided into five categories including 12 kinds of diseases,in which acute simple prurigo(30%),skin abrasions and contusions(14.1%),contact dermatitis(9.5%)and insect bite dermatitis(9.5%).The incidence of dermatosis is closely related to changes of post-disaster environment, living conditions and workplace.Conclusion Dermatosis is a disaster-prone disease,we should strengthen the prevention of skin diseases and health education in the post-disaster medical relief system.Also,it is important to enhance the reserve and assemblage of drugs and medical proffessionals.


The disease, known in German literature as "Melkerknoten", is not uncommon, but because most medical and veterinary doctors are not familiar with its clinical picture and etiology, it is often not recognised and incorrectly treated, resulting in patients being permanently disabled and transmitting the infection to others.


This paper investigates the feasibility of novel data-driven deep learning (DL) models to predict the solution of Maxwell's equations for low-frequency electromagnetic (EM) devices. With ground truth (empirical evidence) data being generated from a finite-element analysis solver, a deep convolutional neural network is trained in a supervised manner to learn a mapping for magnetic field distribution for topologies of different complexities of geometry, material, and excitation, including a simple coil, a transformer, and a permanent magnet motor. Preliminary experiments show DL model predictions in close agreement with the ground truth. A probabilistic model is introduced to improve the accuracy and to quantify the uncertainty in the prediction, based on Monte Carlo dropout. This paper establishes a basis for a fast and generalizable data-driven model used in the analysis, design, and optimization of EM devices.


Background– Retinochoroidal coloboma (RCC) is an underdiagnosed condition in pediatric patients, which is
subsequently associated with various ocular and systemic co-morbidities. Lack of awareness and delayed treatment
may exacerbate the condition. to study the clinical profile of retinochoroidal coloboma in fifty pedi Objective – atric
patients (<20yrs) and its associated complications in a tertiary hospital in India in an Materials and Methods–
institution based retrospective cross-sectional study (approved by the institutional ethics committee), fifty pediatric
patients aged <20years diagnosed with retinochoroidal coloboma (RCC) were evaluated for their demographic and
clinical profile. out of the 79 eyes examined, around 50% eyes had grade II or grade III RCC. The mo Results– st common
complications associated were cataract (60%), microphthalmos (26%) and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (26%).
Systemic abnormalities were detected in 6% patients. early diagnosis of RCC is essential to preserv Conclusion– e
visual acuity in pediatric patients and prevent ocular complications.


A novel strategy for the implementation of flow-based analytical procedures using several micropumps is proposed. The pumps are switched individually or in combination, in order to create a pulsed flowing stream through the analytical path, and are the only active devices acting simultaneously as liquid propelling units, sample insertion ports and commuting elements. Configuration and control of the flow system are then greatly simplified. The micropumps produce distinct stroke volumes at distinct pulse frequencies with high reproducibility ensuring the attainment of very stable flow rates. This leads to an enhanced versatility that enables the utilisation of different approaches for sample management including step-wise variable sample volume, binary sampling and merging zones without reconfiguration of the system hardware. In contrast to the typical flow systems, the proposed one is characterised by a pulsed flow ensuring a fast sample/reagent mixing that contributes to improve the reaction development—thus sensitivity—even in situations of limited dispersion. The basic features and the performance of the proposed strategy are evaluated in the spectrophotometric determination of Cr(VI) in natural waters with 1,5-diphenylcarbazide. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.


The prevalence of blindness in Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) reaches 1.0% and the ratio of blindness to ophthalmologist reaches 1:8000. This data means NTT is a place which has vision issues. Blindness is caused by cataract. Untreated cataracts can reduce the productivity of patients and his/her caretaker for quite a long time. Cataract surgery will not only cure the patient's blindness, but it will also improve the local economy if it is sustainable and on time. Lack of human resources, funds, and medical equipment are the major problems for performing cataract surgery in this area. The cataract surgery is performed at Elisabeth Lela Hospital. Visual acuity is performed before the surgery and 21-35 days after the surgery. The last step is calculating the Sight Restoration Rate (SRR) of all patients. Cataract surgery was conducted to 92 eyes. the SRR of all patients is 46.7%. There are four eyes (4.34%) with post-operative visual acuity <3/60.


This Research includes that how to switch from prior techniques towards the green cement. Green cement is environment friendly and less producing the carbon dioxide in the environment. First of all it seems that the possibility of best replaceable recycled material which is fly ash. There are set of materials which can replace the cement in making concrete like the rice husk, sugar cane, furnace slag etc. but we have worked on fly ash as recycled material which has the same constituents required for making cement and fly as required less amount of energy as fly ash already burned that's why generation of carbon dioxide is less. In this thesis we have calculated the percentage amount of fly ash to limestone used for green cement production. In present study it can be replaced 80 to 100 percent of cement by fly ash but for this purpose we have to use sodium based activator. In this research work it have been found the best place for green cement plant in Sindh (Pakistan) in plant location and discussed all factors that affect the plant location.


Introduction and objectives : Variations in structures of hand are of clinical and surgical importance. A rare variation of the extensor musculature on the dorsum of hand is extensor digitorum brevis manus (EDBM). Presence of EDBM on the dorsum of hand can be confused for many dorsal hand mass lesions. In the present cadaveric study, an attempt was made to delineate the anatomical morphology and morphometry of EDBM and evaluate its phylogenetic significance and clinical relevance. Methodology: Study was conducted on 78 human hands in the department of anatomy. A longitudinal incision was performed on the dorsum of hand along the axis of middle finger, skin flaps were raised both on radial and ulnar side. A transverse incision was taken at metacarpophalangeal joints from second to fifth fingers. Results: We found EDBM in two incidences. In both the cases it was extending from the distal end of radius, dorsal aspect of wrist joint and from the extensor indicis tendon. Muscle was medial to extensor indicis tendon. Insertion was into the dorsal digital expansion of middle finger. In both the cases it was classified as type III anatomical variety. Conclusion: Appreciation of such variant muscle on the dorsum of the hand is of great significance during clinical and surgical evaluation of mass lesions on the dorsum of hand. Key words: Extensor digitorum brevis manus; dorsum of hand; variations.


Enforcement of Islamic law in Indonesia up to now, is not alwalys based on what is happened in society and reflects what is truly needed ny the majority, but frequently displays its form as the result of social construction made by a small amount of persons in intention to achieve specific goals and moreover shows political aspects and economic considerations. Kata kunci : teori reception in complexu, teori receptie, teori receptie exit


The NASA Alice ultraviolet (UV) imaging spectrograph on board the ESA Rosetta comet orbiter successfully conducted a series of flyby observations of the large asteroid (21) Lutetia in the days surrounding Rosetta's closest approach on 2010 July 10. Observations included a search for emission lines from gas, and spectral observations of the Lutetia's surface reflectance. No emissions from gas around Lutetia were observed. Regarding the surface reflectance, we found that Lutetia has a distinctly different albedo and slope than both the asteroid (2867) Steins and Earth's moon, the two most analogous objects studied in the far ultraviolet (FUV). Further, Lutetia's ∼10% geometric albedo near 1800 Å is significantly lower than its 16%–19% albedo near 5500 Å. Moreover, the FUV albedo shows a precipitous drop (to ∼4%) between 1800 Å and 1600 Å, representing the strongest spectral absorption feature observed in Lutetia's spectrum at any observed wavelength. Our surface reflectance fits are not unique but are consistent with a surface dominated by an EH5 chondrite, combined with multiple other possible surface constituents, including anorthite, water frost, and SO2 frost or a similar mid-UV absorber. The water frost identification is consistent with some data sets but inconsistent with others. The anorthite (feldspar) identification suggests that Lutetia is a differentiated body.


Rhodoplanes sp. strain T2.26MG-98 was isolated from the deep subsurface of the Iberian Pyrite Belt. We report its draft genome, consisting of 214 contigs with a chromosome of ∼5.6 Mb and a 53.7-kb plasmid. ABSTRACT Rhodoplanes sp. strain T2.26MG-98 was isolated from the deep subsurface of the Iberian Pyrite Belt. We report its draft genome, consisting of 214 contigs with a chromosome of ∼5.6 Mb and a 53.7-kb plasmid. The chromosome annotation identified 4,994 coding DNA sequences, 1 rRNA operon, and 57 tRNA genes.


While Mr.Liu Cunren,an Australian Chinese scholar,seems to agree with Wu Cheng'en on his designing of Journey to the West,he can not but face the textual structure,the piles of the literature over the novel through Song,Yuan and Ming dynasties,and finally claims that all this is related to the Quanzhen Daoism.Furthermore he claims there should be a classic version of the Quanzhen-related Journey to the West.This hypothesis is considered as an academic achievement in the literary criticism,and a blow to the Wu's fictional designing.


The features of the development of logical thinking in the process of teaching young children in computer science lessons are considered and analyzed in the article. It is proved that the development of logical thinking in children is one of the most important tasks of elementary school. After all, the ability to think logically, to draw conclusions without visual support, to formulate judgments by certain rules – a prerequisite for successful learning of the educational content. In elementary school, it is necessary to teach children the basic skills of information culture, the beginnings of computer literacy, to ensure continuity in learning. It is necessary to prepare the thinking of students to their perception of modern information technologies. Psychologists claim that the basic logical structures of thinking are formed at the age of 5 – 11 years. Informatics will most contribute to the development of logical thinking. Propedeutic Informatics Course implements a developing direction of educational activity, which is aimed at developing the students' creative abilities and logical thinking, has many methods and techniques that allow you to analyze and make a model of the world around. By mastering these techniques, one learns to think logically, comprehensively and systematically. The development of logical thinking of junior students is carried out in the process of solving logical tasks and exercises, many of which are contained in the textbook. They are designed to build the students' ability to determine the value of object properties and to find patterns based on a comparison of these values. Many exercises are focused on the development of attention and observation, the development of spatial imagination. Therefore, during junior school age, children undergo mental operations that require evaluation of the development of logical thinking, namely: an analysis, synthesis, comparison, abstraction, generalization, an ability to compare judgments by certain rules, which is a prerequisite for successful learning of the material.


It is well known that one of the hallmarks of restorative justice is the use of mediation as an effective way of resolving the dispute. The above mentioned process proved to be quite popular in the practice of domestic lawyers, which in its turn became the basis for ambiguous practice and the need for the legislator's attention. That is why motive changes are taking place in Ukraine with the purpose of legislative consolidation of the institute. However, due to the lack of detailed legislative regulation of the basic provisions of regulation of mediation, namely - the status of mediator, regulatory secrecy of non-disclosure of client secrets, bodies of quality control of the provided services, etc., there is a possibility of abuse of the mentioned institute in the territory of Ukraine.

The purpose of the article is to identify the issues that may arise in the case of the combination of lawyer and mediator roles within a single proceeding.

Based on the analysis of the legal framework of domestic and international legislation, it is necessary to outline the following problems.

It is argued that, to date, a major reason for the lack of active use of mediator services is the list of reasons which include both low level of public awareness and lack of legislative basis. That is why there is no proper attention to the problem of abuse of mediator status.
It is concluded that the conduct of mediation by a barrister within one proceeding gives grounds for the risk of violation of the basic principles of mediation, namely – confidentiality and independence. These statements are based on the definition of difference of the professions in their nature and purposes.
It is noted that a problematic issue is the fact that the lawyer-client relationship is governed by a contract for the provision of lawyer services, unlike the other party to the negotiations. This fact leads to a number of opportunities for abuse of the status of mediator and the exercise of fraudulent advocacy.
It is stated the existence of a legal conflict in case of completion of the mediation procedure without result in the form of reconciliation between the suspect and the victim. It is also outlined the possibility of manipulation of the information provided by the parties in the case of a change in the role of the barrister.
It has been determined that due to the retreat of the regulatory regulation of the mediation activity by the lawyer, there are no control bodies that could point out the quality of the lawyer's rendering of the above services.


. According to Popper's critical rationalism, the possibility of disagreement is at the heart of open societies. If this is assumed to be true, is it not illiberal to try to justify principles of justice, which can be regarded as the subject of an unending collective deliberation? I suggest that it is not, using an analogy with scientific progress. Moreover, I try to show that Rawls's achievement is misunderstood if one forgets that it is supposed to overcome the antinomy between "la liberte des Modemes" and "la liberte des Anciens." In this respect, I insist on some unnoticed similarities between Rawls's and Popper's points of views. I conclude on the idea of the "neutrality" of the theory of justice, suggesting a link between Rawls's approach and the French republican tradition.


Objective To study the influence of Huayu Qutan recipe and its separated recipes on cultured EA.hy926 cell apoptosis induced by H2O2.Methods Fifty SD rats were equally divided into five groups in random: Huayu Qutan recipe group,Buqi recipe group,Huayu recipe group,Qutan recipe group and normal serum control group.The rats in all of the medication groups were intragastrically perfused daily with the decoction of the corresponding Chinese herbs,and the normal control group was given normal saline.Blood was collected from the abdominal aorta of rats 2 h after the last perfusion on the 9th day,and the serum was separated for testing.The cultured EA.hy926 cells were divided into 7 groups in random: the normal control group,H2O2 stimulating group,Huayu Qutan recipe group,Buqi recipe group,Huayu recipe group,Qutan recipe group and normal serum control groups.H2O2 stimulating group was cultured with final concentration of 300 μmol·L-1 H2O2,and the other groups were pretreated with 10 % drug-containing serum for 24 h and then were given 300 μmol·L-1 H2O2.After culture for 24 h,EA.hy926 cells apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-FITC/PI double-dyed flow cytometry,the mRNA expression of bcl-2,bax and caspase-3 were tested by real-time PCR,the activity of caspase-3 was detected by spectrophotometry technique,and protein expression of bcl-2 and bax were tested by western-blot method.Results Compared to the normal control group,the apoptotic rate and expression levels of bax and caspase-3 were significantly increased while bcl-2 expression level was significantly decreased after stimulation of H2O2.The apoptotic rate and expression levels of bax and caspase-3 were obviously decreased while bcl-2 expression level was obviously increased in Huayu Qutan recipe group as compared to H2O2 stimulating group.In the separated recipe groups,the apoptotic rate was decreased in Huayu recipe group and Qutan recipe group,and expression levels of bax and caspase-3 were decreased while bcl-2 expression level was increased in Huayu recipe group Conclusion Huayu Qutan recipe and its separated recipes show certain inhibitory effect on the apoptosis of the endothelial cells,and through regulating the expression levels of apoptosis-related genes such as bcl-2,bax and caspase-3 may be one of its anti-atherosclerosis molecular mechanism.


Before the launch of the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) satellite, the differences in the rapid X-ray variability between the two main types of neutron star binaries (i.e., the Z and atoll sources) could be explained by invoking different mass accretion rates and magnetic field strengths. However, the results obtained with RXTE now show that these systems are more similar than previously thought and although differences in mass accretion rate are still likely, the differences in the magnetic field strength have become questionable. The great similarities between the neutron star systems and the black-hole candidates at low mass accretion rates also point towards a similar origin of their timing phenomena indicating that the presence or absence of a solid surface, a magnetic field, or an event horizon do not play a significant role in the production mechanisms for the rapid X-ray variability. NEUTRON STAR SYSTEMS: THE PRE-RXTE VIEW Before the start of the RXTE mission, the neutron star (NS) low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) had been intensively studied with previous X-ray instruments (i.e., EXOSAT and Ginga). The introduction of X-ray color-color diagrams (CDs; e.g., Hasinger & van der Klis 1989) proved to be extremely useful for the study of the correlations between the changes in X-ray spectrum and X-ray timing behavior of these systems. On the basis of this correlated behavior, they were classified into the Z sources and the atoll sources (Hasinger & van der Klis 1989). The Z sources trace out a Z shaped track in the CD (see Fig. 1) with the branches labeled, from top to bottom, the horizontal branch (HB), the normal branch (NB), and the flaring branch (FB). The power spectra show (Fig. 1) on the horizontal branch, strong band-limited noise (called low frequency noise or LFN) which cuts off below several Hertz, simultaneous with 15–60 Hz quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs), which are called horizontal branch oscillations (HBOs). On the normal branch these QPOs can still be seen, often simultaneous with other 5–7 Hz QPOs, which are called normal branch oscillations (NBOs). The NBOs smoothly merge with the 7–20 Hz QPOs seen on the flaring branch, the flaring branch oscillations (FBOs). On all branches also two other noise components are found, one at very low frequencies (the very low frequency noise or VLFN), following a power law, and one at frequencies above 10 Hz (the high frequency noise or HFN), which cuts off between 50 and 100 Hz. Motion of the source along the Z track is thought (e.g., Hasinger & van der Klis 1989) to be due to variations in the mass accretion rate (Ṁ ), which is lowest on the horizontal branch, increasing on the normal branch onto the flaring branch, where it reaches the Eddington limit Ṁ (ṀEdd). The atoll sources trace out a curved branch in the CD (Fig. 1), which can be divided in the island state (IS) and the banana branch (sub-divided into the lower banana [LB] and upper banana [UB] branch). The power spectrum in the island state (Fig. 1) is dominated by very strong (sometimes more than 20% rms amplitude) band-limited noise, superimposed on which are broad bumps (sometimes called QPOs). The band-limited noise is also called HFN but it is at much lower frequencies then the HFN observed in the Z sources and most likely they are not related. In the power spectrum on the banana branch only a weak (several percent rms amplitude) power law noise


The data for the maximum emission currents from needle-shaped emitters with differing diamond coatings were empirically analyzed. The coatings studied were chemical vapor deposition diamond, natural diamond, and nanodiamond. Two parameters were chosen to characterize the emissive properties: (1) the dependence of the maximum current (Imax) on the coating thickness (D), i.e., I(D)=ΔImax/ΔD, and (2) the dependence of the threshold voltage Vth on [(D);ΔVth/ΔD]. The dependence of Imax(D) and Imax/Vmax(D) were determined from the experimental data for the three different diamond coatings. The maximum current Imax is very different for these three different coatings and is also a function of the coating thickness, D. Both the maximum current and the transconductance of field emission tips can be increased significantly by diamond coatings. A strong, nearly linear, dependence of Imax on diamond thickness was found. An empirical estimate of the thermal conductivity of nanodiamond, based on the field emission data...


1 Drug-oxidizing enzyme systems in liver biopsy samples and the urinary excretion of D-glucaric acid were studied in two different groups of patients with cardiac insufficiency. 2 In one group of six patients, the activities of drug-metabolizing enzymes had decreased considerably as compared with the control values, but in four liver samples from patients treated with oral hypoglycaemic agents for their diabetes, activities were higher than in control samples from ten patients. 3 In the other group of seven patients, the urinary excretion of D-glucaric acid (isolated by ion-exchange chromatography) was 60% lower than in the control group of nine humans, whereas in four patients taking antiepileptic agents excretion rate was higher than control values.


The objective of this paper is to analyze the factors responsible for the delegitimization process of the Third Polish Republic, in particular in the period from 2001 to 2005, when power was in the hands of the coalition of the Democratic Left Alliance (SLD) and the Polish People's Party (PSL). The analysis applies the concept of discursive structures of possibilities which identifies which properties of the political context made the delegitimization efforts of the right wing credible. The opposite mechanisms applied, and delegitimization messages sent by the SLD are the object of interest here as well, as are the results of these activities, that is the ideas which Civic Platform (PO) used to build and legitimize their own identity before the 2005 parliamentary elections.


Background: Blister beetle dermatitis an irritant vesiculobullous disorder caused by rove beetles when it comes in contact with or is crushed on the skin. Their hemolymph consists of pederin, a potent vesicant responsible for the classical morphology of lesions. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive study of 42 such cases was seen in a residential school, clinical details and photographs were collected using a standard pro forma and consent form, respectively. Results: Clinically, the lesions were present mostly on the uncovered parts of the body (81%). Due to the irritant nature of the lesions, flexures showed classical "kissing lesions." Only 11.9% (5) cases reported a history of contact with the beetle signifying a high degree of suspicion to make the diagnosis. Conclusion: This article discusses one such outbreak with mention of the clinical profile and preventive methods of Paederus dermatitis.


This invention can be screwed to the plate piece, including tools accommodating slotted head, threaded shank, tapered bore forming part slightly conical, and a hole grinding portion having a conical piece , about the self-tapping drill screws. Hole grinding portion has a shoulder portion in the radial direction, the shoulder portion in the radial direction, forms a hole, enclose the conical piece may engage the plate members coaxially with the ring-shaped manner, much more conical piece has a larger diameter, is integrated with the holes formed portion through the edge of the rounded annular.


Eigenfunctions and eigenvalues are calculated in terms of power series in R/L for free axisymmetric longitudinal oscillations of uniform circular cylinders of radius R and length L. These are used to compute the cross section for absorption of gravitational waves. Our results are compared with the Pochhamer-Chree solution and other approximate solutions. (AIP)


Introduction. In terms of modern hyperactive business processes, the stability and sustainable development of businesses are much at risk for managers and founders if they do not have an anti-crisis strategy; without an anti-crisis strategy, the business is sometimes completely destroyed by any unexpected negative event, or at best, has to deal with the consequences for a long time.
Aim and tasks. The aim and objectives of the present paper are to determine the presence of anti-crisis mechanisms in the management methods of business companies operating in Georgia, the possibility of their implementation, the types of anti-crisis measures, the composition of the anti-crisis group, and the analysis of the skills of the group/members of anti-crisis management and their grouping/systematization/categorization.
Results. The article presents the results of the research, based on the study of small and medium-sized business entities in Georgia, aiming at determining whether business entities use preventive-anti-crisis plans and strategies or not, how such strategies are formed, and in general, to what extent business entities are able to implement anti-crisis strategies. In the process of preparing the present research paper, both quantitative and qualitative methodologies were involved. In particular, cases were selected based on the following criteria: a) business entities which started and terminated their activities in the last 10 years; b) selection of business entities from different cities in Georgia; c) variety of business entities' activities; statistical analysis; comparative method; component analysis; analysis of the official documentation.
Conclusions. The types of strategies of economic entities in general have been studied and their general overview has been given. The stages and specific measures necessary for the development of individual preventive anti-crisis strategies for business entities, taking into account Georgian realities, are determined. The obtained results are analyzed and relevant recommendations are prepared on the basis of an integrated system approach.


An Nd:glass disc requires an edge cladding to absorb the amplified spontaneous emission. The absorption is determined by reflections (R) from disc edges. R is primarily induced by the refractive index (n) mismatch. Thus, the temperature at the cladding interface increases due to absorption, and leads to the variation of n. In order to investigate the effect of temperature on the refractive index match, temperature coefficients (dn/dT) of the laser glass, adhesive polymer, and cladding glass are measured. The effect of temperature on the refractive index match is discussed. Results show that the indices match below 40°C.


Based on the development and application of urban greening and vertical greening,the existing problems were discussed and the main mode of vertical greening in Yueyang city were summarized,some suggestions and principles on the vertical greening plants selection and configuration were pointed out in the paper.


This paper expounds the malpractices and shortages of the special tax administrator system in recent stage, introduces the background of the publishing of the tax administrator system and the present situation of the construction of the tax administrator system, and puts forward some suggestions on perfecting our country's tax administrator system.


Death associated protein kinase is a positive regula tory factor of apo ptosis,known as an inhibitor of tumor,which may promote the differentiation an d inhibit the metastasis of tumor cells.The hypermethylated of gene promoter or abnormal expression of DAPK has been demonstrated in a variety of tumors,which has been demonstrated to be associated with grade,stage or prognosis of tumor.Therefore,DAPK may play important roles in the development and progression of tumor,and should have important significance in early diagnosis,evaluation of prognosis or gene target therapy.This article reviewed the progresses in DAPK a nd diagnosis and therapy of tumor.


Objective To evaluate the efficiency and associated factors of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation(NPPV) in the treatment of acute lung injury(ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).Methods Twenty-eight patients who fulfilled the criteria for ALI/ARDS were enrolled in the study.The patients were randomized to receive either noninvasive positive pressure ventilation(NPPV group) or oxygen therapy through a Venturi mask(control group).All patients were closely observed and evaluated during observation period in order to determine if the patients meet the preset intubation criteria and the associated risk factors.Results The success rate in avoiding intubation in the NPPV group was 66.7%(10/15),which was significantly lower than that in the control group(33.3% vs.86.4%,P=0.009).However,there was no significant difference in the mortality between two groups(7.7% vs.27.3%,P=0.300).The incidence rates of pulmonary bacteria infection and multiple organ damage were significantly lower in the NPPV success subgroup as compared with the NPPV failure group(2/10 vs.4/5,P=0.01;1/10 vs.3/5,P=0.03).Correlation analysis showed that failure of NPPV was significantly associated with pulmonary bacterial infection and multiple organ damage(r=0.58,P0.05;r=0.53,P0.05).Logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that pulmonary bacterial infection was an independent risk factor associated with failure of NPPV(r2=0.33,P=0.024).In the success subgroup,respiratory rate significantly decreased(29±4 breaths/min vs.33±5 breaths/min,P0.05) and PaO_2/FiO_2 significantly increased(191±63 mmHg vs.147±55 mmHg,P0.05) at the time of 24 hours after NPPV treatment as compared with baseline.There were no significant change after NPPV treatment in heart rate,APACHEⅡ score,pH and PaCO_2(all P0.05).On the other hand in the failure subgroup,after 24 hours NPPV treatment,respiratory rate significantly increased(40±3 breaths/min vs.33±3 breaths/min,P0.05) and PaO_2/FiO_2 showed a tendency to decline(98±16 mmHg vs.123±34 mmHg,P0.05).Conclusions In selected patients,NPPV is an effective and safe intervention for ALI/ARDS with improvement of pulmonary oxygenation and decrease of intubation rate.The results of current study support the use of NPPV in ALI/ARDS as the first-line choice of early intervention with mechanical ventilation.


AbstractRutting is one of the most common types of asphalt pavement failures. This study has investigated the high temperature performance of asphalt binders incorporating graphene oxide (GO). To t...


This is an edited text of the sixth John Vincent Memorial Lecture delivered by Lawrence Freedman at the University of Keele on 8 May 1998. Against the background of Soviet military power in Europe in the 1970s, the author explores in the first place the question of the utility of force in circumstances where there is no immediate danger of war, and concludes with a discussion of its contemporary relevance for the armed forces of the Atlantic alliance.


Orthogonal meshless method is based on an improved mobile least-squares approximation, IMLS approximate calculation of approximate have higher accuracy and efficiency than MLS, the system equation won't produce pathological; When structural orthogonal basis shape function derivative need to undertake trivial derived. The local orthogonal basis function has the same attributes as the primitive orthogonal basis function; its derivatives have much simpler expressions, higher efficiency. And it apply to electromagnetic field, the discrete model is established. Through numerical column proves the method feasibility and effectiveness.


NHS 24, Scotland's nurse-led telephone helpline, has been strongly criticised by a sheriff after an investigation into the death of two patients.


Editor—We read with great interest the article on 'Air entrainment during high-frequency jet ventilation (HJFV) in a model of upper tracheal stenosis'. The authors concluded that ventilation delivered below the stenosis (BSV) is the safest option from the point of view of low tracheal pressure and consistent oxygen concentrations of injected gas. We have several concerns about the suggestions made by the authors. From our experience, the results of in vitro studies cannot always be transferred to patients. Transtracheal jet ventilation is an invasive technique and in obese patients, small infants, and neonates, the transcutaneous puncture of the cricothyroid membrane may be difficult. Although the airway pressure might be lower in this technique, displacement of the cannula, cervical emphysema, pneumomediastinum, and pneumothorax is frequently described in literature. – 4 Subglottic jet ventilation via transglottal cannulas is associated with the movement of the cannula; air trapping and barotrauma can occur if the air outflow is not ensured. Further clinical investigations should underscore the results of the study presented. Contrary to the author's results and conclusion, we prefer in our department supraglottic superimposed high/low-frequency jet ventilation (SHFJV) via jet laryngoscopes during endo-laryngotracheal surgery, because it is a non-invasive ventilation technique. 6 In more than 10 yr of experience with this technique and in literature studies, no barotrauma has been detected in supraglottic SHFJV. The jet laryngoscope is a modification of a Kleinsasser laryngoscope with two integrated nozzles applying simultaneously HFJV and low-frequency jet ventilation. The nozzles are integrated in the wall of the jet laryngoscope; therefore, optimal jet propulsion is ensured and the distance between nozzle orifice and the stenosis remains constant. The results of the method may be based on a precise body weight depending basic setting of the high and low driving pressure of the jet ventilator, which possibly influence air entrainment and airway pressure. When using HFJV in endo-laryngotracheal surgery, the least invasive method for the patient should be chosen whenever possible.


In folklore of China and foreign countries,the stories of brothers and shelang reflect the relationship between brothers and sisters,mainly giving prominence to jealousy,struggle,persecution and killing between them,fraternity and proximity of blood are seldom.Mainly from property inequality and disorder by women,the traditional moralist and modem scholar explain the contradiction and conflict between brothers and sisters.The author think that the contradiction between brothers as the conflict between sisters is because of parents' love transference in childhood leading the hostility.


The article examines how and why the McDonaldization of banking system in Nigeria engenders job insecurity. This is imperative because it provides an explicit revelation of the root causes of job insecurity in the sector that other scholars have totally omitted. No Nigerian scholar has applied the thesis in relation to job insecurity, which is the major problem in Nigeria's banking industry. The article based on the analysis of secondary data and observations, therefore, draws on McDonaldization thesis to examine the upsurge of rationalization in the sector since consolidation exercise began in 2005. The article argues that the sector's rising rationalization and ensuing efficiency, calculability, predictability, and control are necessary. However, these have inevitably engendered job insecurity and its adverse consequences. Based on the critical analyses of available evidence, the article concludes that the best option is to commence resistance of the McDonaldization processes, especially those that replace human with nonhuman technology or make customers unpaid workers.


Purpose : An umbilical arterial catheter(UAC) in the high position reduces the lumen of the aorta and may thereby impair blood supply to the intestine. Effects of UAC on intestinal blood flow were investigated. Methods : With the measurement of the aortic diameter, pulsed Doppler ultrasonography was performed in 23 fasting newborns to measure blood flow velocities(peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, mean velocity, time velocity integral and resistive index) in the celiac trunk(CT) and the superior mesenteric artery(SMA) before and after removal of the UAC in the high position. Results : UAC reduced the cross-sectional area of the aorta by 3.5-15.0%(mean 7.5%), with the percentage of reduction being inversely related to birth weight(r=-0.86, P<0.0001). Blood flow velocities in the CT and the SMA did not change significantly after removal of the UACl left in place for 7 days. There were also no differences in blood flow velocities pre- and postremoval of the UAC which stayed in place for 17.3 days and caused a mean aortic obstruction of 11.7%. However, a longer indwelling time of the UAC may lead to a higher velocity in the CT with UAC in place, as reflected by a correlation by multiple regression analysis(r=0.42, P=0.045). Conclusion : Although UAC remaining in place for up to 2 weeks in fasting newborns does not lead to direct alterations in blood supply to the intestine, the possibility of blood flow impairment to abdominal organs by prolonged use cannot be excluded. (J Korean Pediatr Soc 2000;43:650-657)


The specified elongation of 10% could not be achieved in several hollow pinion gear shafts made of cast Cr-Mo steel GS 35 Cr-Mo 5 3 that were heat treated to a strength of 90 kp/sq mm. The steel was melted in a basic 3 ton arc furnace and deoxidized in the furnace and in the pan with a total of 7 kg aluminum. Fracture of a tensile specimen occurred with low elongation and, apparently, also with low reduction of area. In some places it was coarse grained conchoidal. It was found that the exceptionally low elongation of the cast specimens was due to excessive deoxidation by aluminum.


I guess you would call it a nervous tic because it didn't seem to serve any useful purpose. From analyzing the rhythm of the movement, I can tell you that she had repeated it thousands of times. From head to toe she was fat and droopy in a cozy kind of way. She had the sort of lap that a kid or a cat would just naturally nestle into and fall asleep. Every few minutes she would flex her right elbow and, with a hooked right index finger, brush aside the collar of her blouse, snare her right bra strap, and yank the strap up and out while curling her shoulders and jostling her breasts. If a cat had been on her lap it wouldn't have awoken because the whole movement was as fluid and comforting as a deep breath. She smelled like baby powder but her clothes and hair were a little disheveled and grungy. She was about 60 or 70 years old. She had a big sack purse from which she pulled 10 or 12 empty medication bottles. Her physician had died recently and I was to replace him. How long has your shoulder been bothering you, Mrs. Platt? Oh, I been sufferin' with that shoulder for years. Doctor said it can only be an infection or a cancer in the bone, and we know it ain't no infection 'cause it ain't never had no heat an ain't never had no pus. Doctor said never to let no one cut on it though, 'cause'n if that cancer were let alone it would cure up on its own, but if'n you cut on it, it'll spread all over the body. Damn if he warn't right neither 'cause that's been 10 years ago and it ain't no worser and it don't cripple me none. Hell, my brother got cancer in his bones and he was dead 6 months after they startin' cuttin' and foolin' with it. Do any of your other joints bother you? Oh, sure, my hips and knees pain me so much I had to take to the stick but it don't really help none. What do you mean, take to the stick? A walkin' stick. A cane, you know. Doctor said I gots a cancer in them joints. One fool thought it was rheumatism and had me takin' aspirins but doctor said them aspirins make you bleed on the insides where no one can see it till yer dead. Sure enough they was tearin' me up too 'cause they put that hose in me and filled up my guts and found a hidin' hernia. Doctor said these pills would cut the acid. She held up an empty bottle. (There went the tic). She was out of breath after a string of two or three sentences. How long have you been having trouble with your breathing? Oh, I've been sufferin' with emphysema for 5 year or more. Doctor said it probably come on me from livin' in the city. Been usin' some breathin' pills fer it and they been doin' all right by me. Do you smoke cigarettes? Yep, I ain't gonna lie to ya, I lit up my first one when I was no more 'an 12. They don't seem to affect me none. Hell, my daddy smoked till he was 85 and they never done him no harm. I can take 'em or leave 'em myself but I never had no cause to stop. One time I gave 'em up and I got to shakin' and my heart was racing and skippin'. Doctor said it was on account of goin' cold turkey. Have you ever been hospitalized because of breathing difficulties? Never did need no hospital. I had a complete physical every year in the spring and doctor said I'm healthy as a horse. Course I git antibiotics once or twiced a year for walkin' pneumonia but doctor said that was on account a me workin' in the weather. I need some antibiotics today 'cause I noticed some yeller when I spit this morning. Doctor said to take antibiotics whenever it turns yeller. What sort of trouble do you have with your heart? Well, I built up some fat around the outsides of my heart that keeps its from pumpin' just so. Doctor said I'm damn lucky to be alive; said most others he's (tic again) seen with a case as bad as mine is dead and gone. Doctor said he caught it just in time. I'm takin' a heart pill and water pills and a pill fer nerves to keep my heart steady. You seem to be taking quite a number of medications, Mrs. Platt. Maybe we should spend some time today on straightening out your medical regimen. Ya, I need 'em all refilled 'cause I'm out. Well, that's what I would like to talk about, I'd like to change a couple of your medications and probably stop . . As soon as she sensed my intentions, she edged forward in her chair and her droopy and cozy countenance perked up like the quills on a porcupine. I stopped in midsentence because I figured if I didn't let her vent immediately she would start firing off spines in my direction. (There went the tic, but this time the cat would have been flung to the floor in a heap.) Now you seem like a fine young doctor and I don't mine someone as young as you doctorin' on me 'ceptin if you're fixin' to fool with somethin' that ain't broke. Ever time some new doctor tries to go messin' with my pills I end up a hackin' and wheezin' and painin'. I ain't had no trouble long as I'm takin' these here pills. Doctor said fer me ta stay on 'em fer good and by my way of thinkin', he'd know better what's good fer me and what ain't than someone who's jus' laid eyes on me. She held her fire to allow me a chance to surrender but I wasn't backin' down; who's the doctor here anyway? I prepared my face to resemble more closely my obvious experience with these matters and I stroked my mid-upper lip with a hooked right index finger. I silently outlined the first few sentences of my rebuttal: polypharmacy, ahem, ahem, data from recent clinical trials ahem, ahem, and so forth, and so on, and furthermore. Her quills began to prick up again. I hunched over the chart on my lap and began tapping my pen on it like a drum. Who was this old doc anyway and why should I refill all these medicines when they're probably not doin' much good? Cancer in the bone? Surely she misunderstood him. Why would she put so much faith in what this doctor said? How am I supposed to counter the assertions of some ghost authority whose colloquial explanations 10 years ago have been transformed by time into medical fact? I pushed up my glasses and, rubbing my neck, continued my silent debate. I guess they're not really hurtin' any and she's been takin' 'em for years. I'm not sure what I would do differently anyway. 'Spect it wouldn't hurt ta go ahead and fill 'em this time. Hell, she made it this far, you can't argue with that; whatever the doctor said, she certainly believes whatever she thinks she heard him say. I pushed up my glasses and, tapping the chart, I responded diplomatically. You do seem to be getting along quite well, Mrs. Platt, and I certainly don't wanna rock the boat any. Maybe over the next few years, I said, pushing up my glasses and rubbing my chin, if you're doing as well as you are now, you won't require quite so many different pills. How bad's that cancer anyway? she asked, as I began transcribing her numerous prescriptions. Well, strictly speaking, the problem with your shoulder is probably due to degeneration of the joint space from wear and tear. What started out many years ago as a little discomfort and inflammation of minor severity has mushroomed into a severely damaged joint. We can treat your symptoms to some degree but we can't really do much to heal the damage incurred over the last 25 years. They still don't have a cure for cancer, do they, doc? Uh, well, not for most cancers, no ma'am. I handed her the stack of prescriptions and she thumbed through them methodically. You forgot the antibiotic, I usually take ampicillin. Oh, sorry, that's right, here ya go, I replied lamely. She placed the prescriptions neatly in her handbag and left the room. Her companion greeted her as she departed and I heard him ask her what the doctor said. Same as the other'n, take the pills, they ain't got no cure. Doctor said that cancer in my shoulder's somethin' like a mushroom . .


The aim of this study is to review the geophysical investigations in civil engineering and urban planning by some case histories in Turkey. Geophysics deals with a wide array of earth phenomena, including the temperature distribution of the earth's interior (the source, configuration and variations of the geomagnetic field) and the large-scale features of the terrestrial crust, such as rifts, continental sutures and mid-oceanic ridges. From the geophysical point of view, civil engineering and urban planning includes several geophysical topics used to investigate the physical properties, the physical techniques for regional and local land use planning or micro-zonation, the natural disaster risk estimation studies, etc. In this study, the geophysical approach, regarding civil engineering and urban planning against the natural or artificial disaster risk in macro (human/nature) and micro (society/earth) scales, is given. Geophysical methods provide solutions to a wide range of geotechnical problems: Slope stability, soil liquefaction and amplification studies, site investigations and testing, water works, subways, etc. In this study, an evaluation of the geophysical methods applied to geotechnical problems related to the soils is presented. Soils consist of the products of physical and chemical weathering of the rocks of the earth's crust. As a part of the engineering design, the aim of a site/soil investigation is to provide the basic data to evaluate the interaction of the natural environment with the proposed structure. As it is known, using physical measurements in geophysics, it is studied as the natural and artificially generated physical fields of the earth.

 Key words: Geotechnical engineering, geophysics, earthquake engineering, soils, soil dynamics.


With the great breakthrough of supervised learning in the field of denoising, more and more works focus on end-to-end learning to train denoisers. In practice, however, it can be very challenging to obtain labels in support of this approach. The premise of this method is effective is that there is certain data support, but in practice, it is particularly difficult to obtain labels in the training data. Several unsupervised denoisers have emerged in recent years; however, to ensure their effectiveness, the noise model must be determined in advance, which limits the practical use of unsupervised denoising.n addition, obtaining inaccurate noise prior to noise estimation algorithms leads to low denoising accuracy. Therefore, we design a more practical denoiser that requires neither clean images as training labels nor noise model assumptions. Our method also needs the support of the noise model; the difference is that the model is generated by a residual image and a random mask during the network training process, and the input and target of the network are generated from a single noisy image and the noise model. At the same time, an unsupervised module and a pseudo supervised module are trained. The extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework and even surpass the accuracy of supervised denoising.


Abstract The membrane electrode assembly of a PEM fuel cell has to be wet for the fuel cell to work efficiently. However too much water impedes the delivery of reactants and impairs the electrochemical reaction. In this paper, an arrangement is presented which uses pressure waves to remove water droplets and inert gas blankets from the fuel cell. Experiments showed good short and long term performance of the proposed configuration.


This paper focuses on developing an algorithm that can generate toolpaths in NURBS form for smooth, high speed and accurate machining. The initial toolpaths are obtained by tool radius compensation method which is based on the workpiece boundary offsetting. According to different lengths and the continuous short block (CSB) criterion, these offset linear segments can be regarded as CSBs or long straight segments. Junctions are located where the curvature value is greater than the preset curvature threshold value or where it changes abruptly, or at the two end points of any long straight segment. During machining, the NURBS fitting module first looks ahead several CSBs and converts them into parametric curves in real time. During the conversion, continuities of the position, slope or even curvature at the transition of the parametric curves and unfitted line segments can be guaranteed. Then the acceleration/deceleration feedrate-planning scheme is proposed to determine the transition feedrate at the junction between the fitted curves and unfitted long straight segments, and the corner feedrate within the fitted curve. Simulations and experiments show that the proposed algorithm can significantly improve machining accuracy and reduce cutting time to satisfy today's high-speed and high-accurate machining requirements.


OBJECTIVE:To discuss the general pattern and characteristics of Calcium gluconate injection-induced anaphylactic shocks,and to provide reference for clinical use of drugs.METHODS:Literatures about anaphylactic shock induced by Calcium gluconate injection publicly published in medical journals in China during Jan.1979-Aug.2011 were retrieved and analyzed statistically.RESULTS:A total of 47 cases of anaphylactic shock induced by Calcium gluconate injection were collected,including 22 males and 25 females,of which there were 2 death cases.Anaphylactic shock mostly occurred within 30 min after administration with a total of 43 cases.38 cases occurred among patients aged below 40 years accounted for 80.85% in total.CONCLUSION:There are many correlated factors that allergic shock is induced by Calcium gluconate injection(route of administration and compatibility) with serious consequence.So doctors and pharmacists should pay more attention to it.


The authors consider adaptive prediction with an IIR (infinite impulse response) moving average (MA) part, controlled either by the recursive least-mean squares (LMS) algorithm or by an extended least squares (ELS) algorithm based on a posteriori errors. The predictor input is either the sum of bandpass components or a nonstationary speech sentence. The bounded input/bounded output (BIBO) stability is a major issue. Although both algorithms enjoy the self-stabilization property when the input is stationary, it is shown that with a nonstationary input the LMS algorithm can be unstable due to power jumps in the speech. The ELS algorithm always ensures BIBO stability.<<ETX>>


In this position paper, we categorize toolkits in HCI research into two types. The first type, which we will call Research Toolkits, enable development of interfaces based on entirely new paradigms. In contrast, Toolkits for Research speed up development by encapsulating common code revealed during research, enabling faster iterations and research participation by more people. Put another way, Research Toolkits demonstrate research, while Toolkits for Research aid—and sometimes enable—research. This paper describes properties of the two toolkit types and examines criteria for evaluation in the light of these properties. Our discussion is based on publications on toolkit evaluation, on sample HCI toolkits, on industry works that cover toolkit design, and on our own experiences in writing toolkits. ACM Classification


It is surely ironic that while the 'spoiliation' of the Irish Church in 1833 provided the initial rallying cry for the Oxford Movement, neither Tractarian spirituality, theology nor its later liturgical innovations ever really took any serious hold on that Church. It is perhaps even more paradoxical to note that though Alexander Knox, one of the forerunners of the movement was a lay member of the Church of Ireland, other sons of that Church, notably Robert Dolling, the notorious ritualist slum-priest; Dowden, the high-church bishop of Edinburgh; and Tyrell, the Catholic modernist, all made their careers outside Ireland. As Bishop Alexander was to comment, perhaps with the more colourful ritualists like Dolling in mind, the Church of Ireland had never to bear the cost of discovering that the liturgy had 'lips of fire'; though perhaps that is not quite accurate, for, as I hope to show, fear of the heat from those 'lips of fire' was to be a major disruptive influence in the life of the Established, and disestablished Church in Ulster.


As aircraft power requirements continue to grow, whether for electrical systems or increased thrust, improved engine efficiency must be found. An Ultra-Compact Combustor (UCC) is a proposed apparatus for accomplishing this task by burning in the circumferential direction as a main combustor or an Inter-Turbine Burner (ITB). In order for the UCC to be viable, it is important to study the effects of feeding the core and circumferential flows from a common gas reservoir. This research effort has developed a new UCC rig that can be configured in multiple arrangements to investigate the integration issues of a circumferential combustor into an axial jet engine for the AFIT Combustion Laboratory. Coupling the combustor required the design of a variable diffuser that can split the flow emanating from a single source typical of a compressor exit into a cavity and core flow for the UCC. Three mass flow splits of 80/20, 70/30, and 60/40 were generated between the core and cavity flow to understand the resultant combustion efficiencies and temperature gains. Chemical analysis software (CHEMKIN) was applied to assist in the prediction of which flow split would produce the best results and testing of this prediction was initiated. The diffuser was designed to interface with both a clean air source of compressed air as well as a vitiated air source emanating from a small jet engine. This enabled investigations into using a UCC as either a main combustor or as an ITB. A new rig has been developed that will facilitate future endeavourers into UCC and ITB research.


Industries and manufacturers are being continuously challenged by the increasing demand of need for the development of fault and control predictive models that can help industries to have a better control over machines and their applications. The traditional classical models, are often based on physical and mathematical modeling of system and need high expertise and in-depth understanding of system in order to develop control solutions. However, with swift advancements in methods like data mining and machine learning, various techniques and algorithms have been developed which has revolutionized the fault diagnostics and control techniques for industries. A trained machine learning model, with an effective algorithm, can help to automatically adjust the current and voltage for motor power drivers, in order to compensate the change in torque due to temperature. The proposed paper evaluates the efficiency of different machine learning algorithms, in order to develop a torque control method to overcome the effect of change in temperature parameters of various part in the synchronous motor by using methods like linear regression, decision trees, support vector machine, and ensemble of tress. The best results for training of a machine learning based model was obtained by medium Gaussian and coarse tree algorithm in term of minimized error and optimized prediction speed respectively. Synchronous motors have emerged as one of the most popular choices in industries and house hold due to their efficiency and high power ratings. However, for electric motors, a rise in temperature can change the output torque which is not a desirable feature and results in degradation of output efficiency. The change in torque also causes the current values to fluctuate which leads to power wastage and can even harm the motor.


Proanthocyanidin is a kind of polyphenol natural product with high activity of antioxidant and ability to scavenge free radical.It is of importance to search a convenient,accurate and stable method to detect the polymerization degree of proanthocyanidin,as its biological activity is closely related to the degree of polymerization.The viscosimetry was researched to detect the polymerization degree of proanthocyanidins.The washout time of different proanthocyanidins was measured with Ubbelohde viscometer to get their characteristic viscosity and the proportional coefficient K and the expansion factor α of Mark-Houwink equation,so the degree of polymerization was obtained.The viscosimetry was proved to be feasible comparing with vanillin method to detect the polymerization degree of proanthocyanidin received through ethanol gradient elution.


As scientists, we aim to generate new knowledge and insights about the world around us. We often measure the impacts of our research by how many times our colleagues reference our work, an indicator that our research has contributed something new and important to our field of study. But how does our research contribute to solving the complex societal and environmental challenges facing our communities and our planet? The goal of this guidebook is to illuminate the path toward greater societal impact, with a particular focus on this work within the natural and physical sciences. We were inspired to create this guidebook after spending a collective 20+ years working in programs dedicated to moving climate science into action. We have seen firsthand how challenging and rewarding the work is. We've also seen that this applied, engaged work often goes unrecognized and unrewarded in academia. Projects and programs struggle with the expectation of connecting science with decision making because the skills necessary for this work aren't taught as part of standard academic training. While this guidebook cannot close all of the gaps between climate science and decision making, we hope it provides our community of impact-driven climate scientists with new perspectives and tools. The guidebook offers tested and proven approaches for planning projects that optimize engagement with societal partners, for identifying new ways of impacting the world beyond academia, and for developing the skills to assess and communicate these impacts to multiple audiences including the general public, colleagues, and elected leaders.


The catalytic activity of a nanoscale dispersed iron oxyhydroxide catalyst was studied using four coals and several model compounds in a tubing bomb microreactor. Several forms of iron catalyst were examined including the original 3-nm iron oxyhydroxide, H 2 prereduced, and in situ sulfided forms. The addition of catalyst at a 2 wt % coal loading gave an increase in both pentane and tetrahydrofuran solubles for all coals tested. A nonlinear increase in pentane and tetrahydrofuran solubles with an increase in catalyst loading and surface area was observed. The order of liquefaction yields using four solvents was tetralin > methylnaphthalene > mineral oil > creosote oil


ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the state-of-the-art developed about surgical Nursing care in the operating room. Method: an integrative review with search and selection of primary studies conducted in April and May 2022 in four major data sources in the health field, namely: LILACS, SciELO, BDENF and PubMed, from 2018 to 2022. The sample consisted of 13 studies, 8 selected from a universe of 293 articles and 5 obtained through the manual search. Results: three categories were generated: Associating surgical care with care, people and material resources management for patient safety; Surgical care and ethical sensitivity in the search for patients' well-being; and Operating room nurses' manifestation and omission experiences and surgical care. Conclusions: surgical Nursing care in the operating room is varied and is manifested through meeting the administrative demands, ethical sensitivity, body temperature maintenance, preservation of individuality and meeting all the needs in the intraoperative period when patients are more vulnerable, including being duly informed as a way to provide safe surgical care. On the other hand, nurses acknowledge the need to change their world view and direct surgical care towards a more human, social and cultural perspective.


According to the analysis of the current situation of water and soil resources in Jiangxi Province,the paper elaborates the existing problems of water and soil resources and its relation with the continual advance,thus provides its tentative ideas of realizing the continual advance.


The threshold conditions for the confinement bifurcations in the H-1 heliac [S. M. Hamberger et al., Fusion Technol. 17, 123 (1990)] are studied experimentally. The thresholds include the magnetic field, the rf power, and the neutral gas filling pressure. It is shown that in any combination of these parameters it is the radial electric field Er that is driven to a critical value before the bifurcation. A mechanism of the electric field formation is suggested, which is based on the balance of the electron and ion losses. The ion loss, at low magnetic field and high ion temperature observed in H-1, is dominated by the direct orbit loss mechanism. This is shown by modeling of the exact ion orbits and by comparing a qualitative picture of the Er formation with the experimental data. Relative efficiency of the electron and ion heating in the inner regions of plasma define the conditions for either low-to-high (L–H) or high-to low (H–L) confinement bifurcations in H-1.


The modeling study of gate-bias-stress-induced threshold voltage shift (ΔVth) in amorphous indium-gallium-zinc oxide (a-IGZO) thin film transistors (TFTs) is reported. According to the total number of tunneled carriers and the probability in tunneling, saturated ΔVth is obtained, and the impact of electric field in gate insulator on the ΔVth is also incorporated in this model. The result shows that the model is able to predict the ΔVth of IGZO TFT under a positive gate stress. The dependence of the ΔVth on the initial conditions is also analyzed in this paper.


We have evaluated the effect of early and late micro-ecological enteral nutrition on systemic inflammatory response, bacterial translocation, and immune function in patients with severe acute pancreatitis. Two weeks after treatment, experimental group receiving early nutritional intervention exhibited a significant increase in intestinal lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, fewer staphylococci, and E. coli, and lower levels of serum endotoxin, D-lactic acid, and diamine oxidase than the group receiving late intervention (control group) (P < 0.05). Also, the serum levels of CD3+ and CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ ratio significantly increase after 2 weeks of intervention. On the other hand, the level of CD8+ and the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II and Modified Computed Tomography Severity Index scores significantly decreased after 2 weeks of treatment (P < 0.05). The early intervention also led to a significant shortening of time needed for abdominal pain relief, anal exhaustion, resumption of peristaltic sound, and hospitalization. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in overall response rate, and decrease in the incidence rate of complications (P < 0.05). Early micro-ecological enteral nutrition therapy can effectively relieve systemic inflammatory response, prevent intestinal bacterial translocation, restore the function of intestinal mucosal barrier, and alleviate nutritional imbalance in severe acute pancreatitis patients leading to improved immune function, mitigation of the disease, and reduced complications benefiting the recovery of patients.