Calcium is one of the second messengers in the regu- lation of normal function and its inbalance in cells can lead to irreversible damages to cellular function structure. Analysis of serum calcium in 95 patients with infections multiple organ failure indicated: 1. Infectious organ failure (especially when complicated with shock and repiratory failure) was often associated with hypocalcemia (70/95 cases). The greater the number of the organ failure, the more serious the diseas was and the higher the rate of hypocalcemia was . 2. The levels of serum Ca and the mortality of infectious multiple organ failure were nega- tively correlated. This suggests that using calcium blockers and xanthine oxidase inhibitor will reduce the production of free radicals and prevent calcium influx, thus will im- prove the survival rate of multiple system organ failuve.


Based on the assumption that the core wall of an earth-rockfill dam is divided into various zones,and the gravelly soil with the same or different gravel contents is used in them,the three-dimensional finite element method was applied to analyze the stress and stain characteristics of the dam.The optimum design for the selection of earth materials and the zoning schemes of the core wall was studied.The test results show that the stress level at the upper part of the core wall is relatively small,resulting in the low requirements of deformation and mechanical indices of the dam materials.The natural clayey soil or the gravelly soil with less gravel content may be employed at the upper part of the core wall,while at the lower part,the wide grading gravelly soil with high gravel content should be employed.Thus the stress and deformation requirements of the dam are satisfied so as to ensure the hydraulic fracture properties of the core wall,furthermore,much investment is saved.


One of the most essential inputs for agriculture is water. Moisture stress at critical growth stages in wheat severely effects the growth and yield. Hydrogel (water-absorbing polymer) can keep the appropriate moisture level at the root zone depth and protects the crop from adverse effect of moisture stress. The present trial was conducted during rabi season of 2020-21 to assess the performance of different hydrogels under different levels of irrigations on growth, yield, and water use efficiency of wheat. Results revealed that application of 3 irrigations recorded significantly maximum number of tillers per m2 at 90 Days After Sowing and at harvest. The application of Nano hydrogel @ 20 kg ha-1 significantly increased the number of tillers per m2 at 90 DAS and at harvest over control. Significantly maximum grain (26.1%) and straw (24.5%) yield were obtained with 3 irrigation levels over one irrigation. The Nano hydrogel increased grain (33.6%) and straw (22.9%) yield significantly over control. Water use efficiency significantly improved with one irrigation over 3 irrigation levels, application of Nano hydrogel @ 20 kg ha-1 significantly increased WUE.


Dermatobia hominis (warble fly, human botfly) is widely encountered throughout Central and South America (Rook, 1972). In the State of Rio Grande do Sul, in southern Brazil (latitude 30°S), the most important cattle-breeding area of the country, the boil-like lesions caused by its larvae are fairly common on both animal and human skin. Mucosal lesions, however, are not generally seen and, to our knowledge, have not been reported so far. We would like to report the case of a 29-year-old housewife who started to complain, 5 weeks prior to consultation, of a small nodule on the left border of the tip of her tongue. The nodule enlarged gradually, with progressive pain. The patient was positive in stating that 'something was moving and pricking' inside the lesion. She also noticed later a small ulcer on the ventral aspect of the tongue, just beneath the nodule. Three weeks after the beginning of her disease, the tongue became red, swollen and even more painful, with enlargement of a left submandibular lymph node. Her family doctor prescribed a course of ampicillin, followed by lincomycin, with partial relief of the symptoms. A few days later, during lunch, she noticed that something was 'coming out' from the nodule, through the ulcer. She was extremely surprised to see a living larva, with active movements, being eliminated from her tongue and came for consultation. The larva was pear-shaped, measured 8 mm in length and showed aroimd the head several concentric black rings composed of small barbs, having the typical appearance of a 2nd stage larva of D. hominis (Gordon & Lavoipierre, 1962). Examining the patient we noticed that she suffered from a left sided facial palsy. This palsy had been present since childhood and followed surgery to the parotid area. She still presented a residual boil-like nodule on the tip of the tongue. Asked how could she have been infested she presented a very clear story: she owns a house in the coimtryside, where she spends weekends with her family. Her neighbour is a farmer and raises cattle. In summer months the number of flies and mosquitoes is large. Even so, she is used to sleeping with open windows. Besides, she suffers from chronic nasal obstruction and her husband says that she always sleeps with her mouth open.


In this paper, we propose the amplitude modulation (AM) bandwidth and the frequency modulation (FM) bandwidth for far-field point target model and near-field multi-point target model, and analyze the statistical differences of their distributions. The result shows that there exists a significance difference between the distribution of AM (resp. FM) bandwidth under the model of ideal far-field point-target and near-field multi-point target. The two bandwidths, namely AM bandwidth and FM bandwidth, have been used as an input to support vector machine (SVM) for classifying far-field deceptive jamming signal and the near-field body target signal. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method for classification.


Objective To investigate the expressions of gastrin mR NA in the gastric ulcer,and to explore its role in the pathogenesis of the gastric ulcer.Methods The 30 gastric ulcer tissues and the 20 normal gastric tissues were studied by using the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).To compare the differences of the ex- pressions of gastrin mRNAs.Results There were the expressions of gastrin mRNA both in the gastric:ulcer and the nor- mal tissue.The OD ratio of gastrin mRNAs in the margins of gastric ulcer were higher than in the normal gastric tissues (P0.05).Conclusions GAS play important role in the pathogenesis of the gastric ulcer.


puri in 1026 can hardly be right. Bed-wetting is normally confined to children, and tum quibus…in 1030 presupposes the mention of an earlier stage of life in the previous sentence. And what does puri mean? Munro and Bailey translated it as 'cleanly people' (or 'persons'), though Munro himself pointed out that the Latin for this was mundi rather than puri, and in any case there is no reason to suppose that in ancient Rome cleanly people were addicted to bed-wetting. Giussani, followed by Merrill and by Leonard and Smith, tried to give the required sense by supposing that puri meant 'innocents' and hence 'children', an expedient which is very far from convincing. Emendation seems called for. M. F. Smith in the 1982 edition of the Loeb Lucretius adopts Avancius' multi,2 but this does not provide the reference we need to the age of those concerned.


Geo Web Services are set to play an increasingly important role in the technical and network developments of Spatial Data Infrastructures. Geo Web Services aim to provide a standard means of interoperation between different software applications running over the web. This paper outlines research conducted into the use of Geo Web Services software in promoting interoperability between distributed systems. This research documents the development of building a prototype in the chosen software. The subsequent results and discussion of how levels of interoperability are addressed in the context of Spatial Data Infrastructures is then given.


Machine vision technology has carried connotations of improved productivity since inception. Industrial‐proofing this concept has proven difficult until recent years. The concept has now begun to show paybacks in the original projections and will only be enhanced in future designs.


Background: On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, also called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic after its emergence in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the potential of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and D-dimer serum levels and genotypes of rs5186 (A1166C) in the AGTR1 gene as potential prognostic markers for COVID-19 disease outcome in Iraq. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 100 Iraqi adults of both sexes, aged 21-81 years, and recently diagnosed with COVID-19. The participants of this study were admitted to Al-Al- Kindy Teaching Hospital and Ibn Al-Qiph in Baghdad City from February 01, 2020, to May 01, 2020. Patients with COVID-19 were divided into two categories;those who recovered and were discharged and those who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU)/died. Ethical concerns were considered in accordance with the consent form provided by the Iraqi Ministry of Health for the purpose of collecting samples. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in the patients' serum samples were estimated using the Sandwich- Enzyme Linked Sorbent Assay (ELISA) method with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated antibody specific for IL-6. D-dimer was estimated in the serum samples using antigen-antibody (anti-human D-dimer antibodies) reaction. Genotyping of rs5186 (A1166C) in the AGTR1 angiotensin II receptor type 1 gene in the cohort study was determined using an allele-specific PCR approach. Results: D-dimer serum levels (1.55 μg/mL) was significantly (P < 0.001) higher in patients admitted to the ICU or those who died compared with those (0.2 mg/mL) of patients who recovered and were discharged. The IL-6 levels in patients admitted to the ICU or those who died and in patients who recovered and were discharged were 12.31 and 11.65 pg/mL, respectively, without significant difference (P > 0.05). The frequency of AC + CC genotypes of rs5186 (A1166C) in the AGTR1 gene in patients who were admitted to the ICU or those who died was 30.43%, higher than that of patients who recovered and were discharged (11.69%) with a significant difference (Odds ratio [OR] = 3.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.07-10.21, P = 0.038). Analysis of allele distribution revealed a higher frequency of the A allele among patients who recovered and were discharged (93.51% versus 82.61%) than among those who were admitted to the ICU or those who died with a significant difference (OR = 3.03, 95% CI = 1.12-8.21, P = 0.029). Conclusion: D-dimer may be a prognostic biomarker for poor COVID-19 disease outcomes. The genotype AC CC of rs5186 (A1166C) in the AGTR1 gene seems to be a risk factor and may be a prognostic factor for poor COVID-19 disease outcomes. However, a bigger sample size is highly recommended in prospective studies for better assessment of the potential of IL-6, D-dimer, and genotyping of rs5186 (A1166C) in the AGTR1 gene as prognostic biomarkers for COVID-19 disease outcome.


Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT), which has an autosomal inheritance pattern, is a hemorrhagic disorder mostly complicated by mucocutaneous bleeding. The severity of this bleeding disorder varies from mild bruising to frequent severe bleeding. Prepartum, peripartum and postpartum bleeding risks are increased in these patients. In addition to the hemorrhagic complications that endanger maternal and fetal well-being, the risk of miscarriage is increased due to maternal antibodies to the platelets found on conceptus-derived trophoblast (placental) cells. In this case report, we report a patient who had a miscarriage in 7+1 week. Our patient had GT, low ovarian reserve, HPV positivity, bilateral dermoid cyst and was complicated by infertility.


Developing the National Strategy for Sustainable Development (SNDD) is the result of the obligation assumed by Romania, as a member of the European Union, in accordance with the objectives agreed at EU and methodological prescriptions of the European Commission. Defining element of this policy is fully connecting Romania to a new philosophy of development, the European Union and its own widely shared around the world - that of sustainable development.


We complete the global classification of spacelike surfaces in the Minkowski three-space with constant Gaussian curvature in terms of harmonic diffeomorphisms onto the hyperbolic plane. A harmonic representation of them is also obtained.


In order to improve the attack accuracy of remote control missiles, according to the main factor influencing the accuracy(the PSD nonlinear) and based on improved BP neural network algorithm, the PSD nonlinear error correction method of one remote control missile was proposed. BP algorithm and training data were improved using LM, two hidden layers were used to train the neural network training and the results as follows: the neurons number of the two hidden layers are respectively 38 and 34; the excitation functions of first and second hidden layer of the network and output layer are respectively tansig, tansig and logsig; maximum training number of programming is 500;the target convergence precision is 1×10-4; the training function is trainlm. Using the untrained data to test the network, the calculation output error is about 0.01 mm, and the maximum error is 0.015 mm. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that after using the proposed method, even if the target happens flexibility, remote control missile can correctly attack the target.


The resolution of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by the United Nations in 2000 set the social development goals as the front targets of the international development community. Eight items 1 of MDGs are largely social development targets, at least formally. The targets were set to attain by 2015 to 1990 standard. But at the back, economic development and good governance, as the supporting base of economic growth, became prioritized over social development as the consensus among international cooperation community. Social development strategy has become central to development strategies through the following factors and events: 1) focus on the Basic Human Needs advocated by Robert McNamara, the President of the World Bank (1968-1981), 2) rise of the NGOs in the 1980s, 3) impact of the Human Development Report which started its publication in 1990 by the UNDP (United Nations Development Program), 4) the UN Social Deve-


Do you believe in same sex marriages ? Today the House of Commons votes on same sex marriages, what do you think ? [poll id=6] ...


This Work is based on a PhD thesis completed in the field of Ecology, Protected Areas, and Biodiversity conservation in Egypt. The present study described the main vegetation community for one of the most important protected areas of Egypt, Wadi El-Rayan, which dominated by Phragmites australis and figured out the seasonal productivity represented in phytomass (kg aerial dry weight/m2) of wetland vegetation. Statistical Multivariate Analysis was introduced for the waterward vegetation (WW) and landward vegetation (LW) of the wetland areas, which clarified the different levels of productivity for each. The Single effect of fire and the combined effect of both fire and grazing in the study area were realized in terms of the rate of phytomass accumulation. The environmental management section of this study listed the main values of Wadi El-Rayan Protected Area and their affecting threats according to the latest management effectiveness evaluation with proposed amendments to WRPA management plan.


Abstract Simple counts of individuals are commonly used in studies of mammalian populations. However, such counts are known to routinely underestimate population size. When used, counts are assumed to be proportional to population size. We tested the validity of that assumption by analyzing capture–recapture data on 5 species of rodents trapped at a single site during monthly sessions from 1973 through 1993. For each 3-day trapping session, we estimated numbers of animals of each species residing on our trapping grid with selected-model and interpolated-jackknife estimators from the program CAPTURE, the modified Lincoln–Petersen estimator, and the Jolly–Seber estimator. We tested for proportionality by fitting a regression line, constrained to pass through the origin, of estimated population size to each of 3 "counts": numbers of individuals, numbers of captures, and minimum number known alive (MNKA). We then tested validity of these equations by predicting estimated population size from counts from 1994 through 1998. In general, counts were proportional to estimated numbers within a species, so counts were indices of density and yielded similar patterns of population fluctuations. However, regression coefficients, which reflected probabilities of capture, varied among species. Consequently, counts were not appropriate for interspecific comparisons of abundance, even when trapping protocols were invariant. Probabilities of capture also are likely to vary among sites, trapping protocols, and perhaps by seasons, so conditions for counts as valid indices of population size are restrictive.


The Realities of Becoming a Board-Certified Cardiovascular Surgeon in Japan Hiroko Nemoto, Takahiro Ito, Ryo Izubuchi, Tomoki Sakata, Hirokazu Niitsu, Ryuji Hojo, Takao Miki and Yasutaka Yokoyama(Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yokohama City University Hospital, Yokohama, Japan) The system of the Japanese Board of Cardiovascular Surgery is changing. Since the last time, we have deliberated on the medical specialty board for U-40 column articles about the problems faced by young cardiovascular surgeons. This time, we conducted the second survey to U-40 members about the realities of becoming a board-certified cardiovascular surgeon. The results showed the circumstances and details on how to acquire the board certification. Moreover, we discussed about the current problems and future perspectives for the young cardiovascular surgeons. Jpn. J. Cardiovasc. Surg. 49(6): U1-U5(2020)


The third generation of Al-Li 2050-T84 alloy was primarily used in aerospace industries due to its exceptional potential for weight saving, high strength, and increased fatigue crack growth resistance. In the present research, three different types of tool pin profiles, namely, hybrid, taper threaded, and triangular, were used to join 2050-T84 Al-Li alloy by using Friction Stir Welding (FSW) at a constant rotational speed of 23.33 rotation/second with a traverse speed of 0.003 meters per second and tilt angle of 2°. The research explored the effect of different tools on weld bead structure, waviness and natural frequency of welded plates. The experimental results show that the hybrid tool pin side generates 10.9% higher heat than the threaded taper tool and 25.8% higher than the triangular tool. Moreover, the hybrid tool produces 50.1% lower waviness of welded specimens than the threaded taper tool and 55.7% lower than the triangular tool at the nugget zone (NZ). The research established that a hybrid tool pin profile is advantageous as it generates a higher frequency and lower acceleration under the applied load in friction stir welded specimens.


This thesis is about The Use of English Song As a Strategy to Improve the Students' Pronounciation of Sixth Grade of MI Faqih Hasyim Buduran Sidoarjo. The Elementary school students have different characteristics than those of adults, they easily get bored, lose interest. A teacher of this level has got a challenging task to motivate them. He or she needs to modify the way of his/her teaching.So,he/she can use the media in order to attract the attention and interest of students. To know the improvement of sixth grade of MI Faqih Hasyim Buduran Sidoarjo after being taught speaking by using Singing An English Song, the writer doing a research in MI Faqih Hasyim Buduran Sidoarjo . The subject of the study is the sixth grade students of MI Faqih Hasyim Buduran Sidoarjo in Academic Year 2015-2016. There are 27 students in MI Faqih Hasyim Buduran Sidoarjo. The method of the research is the Classroom Action Research. The technique that used for obtaining data was getting datas from the students by using field note and giving test (pre-test, oral-test1, oral-test2 and post-test). First, the writer gave pre-test. It was conducted at the beginning of the research. Second, the writer gave a treatment for experiment class, and then followed with oral-test1 and oral-test2. The last, the writer gave post-test. The result of the research: the class mean of pre-test was 53,44 . It was a score that under the minimal acheivement score. But after implementing this strategy, the result was more effective to improve student's skill in pronounciation. It was showed by the mean of tests during research that always increase gradually higher .There were many improvements on the test score. The results were :oral-test1 = 72,370, oral-test2 = 79,185, and post-test = 80,407. Based on the result of tests score, so It could be concluded that this strategy is really effective to improve student's speaking skill especially on pronounciation.


Research on factors influencing the Dynamic Competitive Capability of 4-5 star Vietnamese brand hotels in Khanh Hoa. The sample size for analysis consists of 250 surveys using SPSS 22 and Amos 22 software. The results indicate that all six proposed factors positively influence the dynamic competitive capability of Vietnamese brand hotels in Khanh Hoa, with decreasing levels of impact as follows: Business orientation capability, Creativity capability, Organizational capability, Application of Science and Technology capability, Marketing capability, and Learning Orientation capability. Based on these findings, the author proposes several implications to enhance the dynamic competitive capability of Vietnamese brand hotels in the future.


Abstract Riesz MV-algebras are a variety of algebras strongly connected to Riesz spaces. In this short article we investigate some elimination properties of the first-order theory RMV of linearly ordered Riesz MV-algebras and show that RMV admits elimination of quantifiers and uniform elimination of imaginary elements. In the process, we also prove several other results such as modelcompleteness, o-minimality, definability of Skolem functions, and a version of the Di Nola Representation Theorem for Riesz MV-algebras.


This contribution handles a method for the direct display of electromagnetic fields on an indicator cell. For this, the phenomenon of thermochromism is used to visualize the resulting thermal footprint caused by an incident electromagnetic wave. Fundamentals regarding the transient dielectric heating behavior as well as the indicator cell design are shown. Simulations and measurements that verify the applicability of fault detection by investigating a defected $2\times 2$ patch array antenna, are presented and discussed in detail.


ABSTRACT Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is a well-studied mechanism to internalize plasma membrane proteins; however, to endocytose such cargo, most eukaryotic cells also use alternative clathrin-independent endocytic (CIE) pathways, which are less well characterized. The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a widely used model for studying CME, was recently shown to have a CIE pathway that requires the GTPase Rho1, the formin Bni1, and their regulators. Nevertheless, in both yeast and mammalian cells, the mechanisms underlying cargo selection in CME and CIE are only beginning to be understood. For CME in yeast, particular α-arrestins contribute to recognition of specific cargos and promote their ubiquitylation by recruiting the E3 ubiquitin protein ligase Rsp5. Here, we show that the same α-arrestin–cargo pairs promote internalization through the CIE pathway by interacting with CIE components. Notably, neither expression of Rsp5 nor its binding to α-arrestins is required for CIE. Thus, α-arrestins are important for cargo selection in both the CME and CIE pathways, but function by distinct mechanisms in each pathway. Summary: In yeast, α-arrestins bind the Rho1 GTPase and regulate internalization of selective cargo through the clathrin-independent endocytic pathway.


In November 1997 an outflow of up to 0.4 m 3 /s of groundwater from deep seated aquifers occurred in the open-cast lignite mine of Hambach, Germany. Although this incident was technically under control and did not affect the mining activities, it was studied in a joint research project to exclude recurrences at other locations. In this paper we summarize the results from a hydromechanical point of view. One key issue of this paper is to present a continuous and consistent explanation of the progression of the incident based on an analysis of the available geological, hydraulic, and chemical data. The probability of similar incidents is highly unlikely due to the rare combination of a thin sealing clay smear in the fault, high pressure gradient, and fractured coal seams in direct contact with the sealing clay. As a perspective, strategies for a responsible mining policy are derived based on the outcome of this study to prevent a recurrence of this type of incident and to ensure optimal safety for the mining operations with minimum effects on water resources.


Thank you very much for downloading architecture and its image four centuries of architectural representation works from the collection of the canadian centre for architecture. As you may know, people have look hundreds times for their chosen novels like this architecture and its image four centuries of architectural representation works from the collection of the canadian centre for architecture, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some malicious bugs inside their desktop computer.


For understanding the relationship between the expansion flow and process conditions, based on the DEFORM-3D software, the model of rigid-plastic FEM was established. The velocity evolution rule on the longitudinal symmetry plane was analyzed during the forming process through numerical simulation. The effect of extrusion wheel velocity on the metal velocity distributions of all surfaces was investigated. The results show that the metal velocity presents various changing forms in different deformation regions. In the groove region, the velocity gradually decreases from groove bottom to enclosing surface. In the rectangular bending region, the velocity at the channel bottom is the highest. In the expansion region, the velocity gradually decreases from the center to the two sides. In the choked flow and die regions, the flow velocity differences are smaller than those of other regions. With the increase of wheel velocities, in the rectangular bending and expansion regions, the differences of the highest and lowest velocities and the non-uniformity of flow increase for all surfaces. The flow distribution characteristics of the continuous extrusion are induced by the interaction between the driving force of the wheel groove and the friction resistance of the cavity wall.


The Thirty-Nine Steps (1935) is generally considered the finest film of Alfred Hitchcock's English period, and one of the most fuily realized movies he has ever made. 1 Adapted from a novel by John Buchan, it is the quintessential Hitchcock, a blend of mirth, sexuality and suspense. When one examines Buchan's novel, where none of these qualities can be found, one realizes how markedly Hitchcock has changed his source. He has transformed Buchan's mystery into a quickly paced work of suspense, greatly simplified the plot (and the "MacGuffin"2), altered the structure, used the settings functionally, and made the work an exploration of the nature of male-female relationships. As the following comparative analysis will demonstrate, Hitchcock's film resembles its source, but presents the viewer with a different vision of life, perceived in a radically different form. Buchan's mystery concerns the unexpected involvement of Richard Hannay in a vast conspiracy. Hannay, a mining engineer from Rhodesia vacationing in England, becomes implicated through a mysterious American who lives upstairs from the flat he is subletting. TheAmerican feigns suicide to escape his pursuers and moves in with Hannay. While there, he tells Hannay of a plot by foreign agents to assassinate the Greek Premier in London, with the hope of igniting a war between Russia and Germany. Hannay is dubious, until he returns one day to find that his flat has been searched and the American has been murdered. Fearing for his own life. Hannay decides to flee to Scotland where his Scottish ancestry may help him conceal himself. He is followed there by the agents who killed the American and by Scotland Yard, who suspect him of the murder. The hospitable Scots assist Hannay in eluding his pursuers by providing him with different disguises. Most helpful is Sir Henry, a Liberal Candidate for Parliament whom Hannay meets early in his Scottish adventures. At Sir Henry's request. Hannay addresses a political rally on the subject of emigration to Australia. As a result they become friends, and Hannay confides in Sir Henry, who believes his story. Sir Henry suggests that Hannay contact his godfather, the Permanent Secretary in the Foreign Office. Hannay agrees, but while en route he encounters the spies' mastermind, who is identifiable by his tendency to "hood his eyes like a hawk." The spy locks Hannay in his cellar, but Hannay blasts his way out with dynamite and discovers a hidden landing field behind the house. He succeeds in escaping, and then meets the Permanent Secretary. Hannay learns from him that he has been cleared of the murder charge, and he joins forces with Scotland Yard. The assassination attempt is successful, and this convinces the British that Hannay is indeed on to something. With their help he discovers that the "thirty-nine steps" are a location on the British Coast from which the foreign agents plan to flee England. Hannay arrives there just in time, identifies the leader by his hooded eyelid, and the spies are arrested. Although Hannay remains in constant jeopardy from the foreign agents, his fortunes improve once he meets the political candidate who believes his story. Before the novel is two-thirds over he has been declared a free man, and for the remainder of the story he works with Scotland Yard to unravel the mystery of the "thirty-nine steps" and to apprehend the spies. Hitchcock has structurally and thematically transformed Buchan's novel. One important change involves the simplification of the conspiracy. As Hitchcock explained to Francois Truffaut, he was initially going to retain the complexity of the novel: In the early stages of the construction, we felt, and we were all wrong, that since life and death were involved, the pretext had to be a very important one. In our first draft, when Robert Donat arrives in Scotland, he picks up some additional information on his way to the spy's house, possibly by following the spy. He rides to the top of the hill, and looking down, he sees underground plane hangars carved into the side of the mountain, secret hangars, which made the planes safe from bombings. …


BaSrAl4O8, BaSrAl3FeO8 and BaSrAl2Fe2O8 oxides have been synthesized and their crystal structures type were determined by XRD diffraction. The diffraction patterns were very close to that of BaSrGa4O8, which has space group P63 (No. 173). All of the compounds have AlO4 tetrahedra (as GaO4), form the six-membered rings sharing corners, and the Ba and Sr atoms occupy large cavities of the six-member rings. Fe atoms possibly replace Al atom in the structure. From Proszki analysis in a hexagonal crystal system and P63 space group (No.173), the obtained cell parameters, a and c for BaSrAl4O8, BaSrAl3FeO8 and BaSrAl2Fe2O8 were successively as follows (8.984(2), 8.625(3)) A; (10.377 (4), 8.619(5)) A; and (10.454(3), 9.140(3)) A. Based on ferroelectric properties obtained from RT-66A oscilloscope instrument, only BaSrAl3FeO8 compound exhibited a significant hysteresis loop pattern.


The radiant cooling combined with attached jet air supply system is a temperature and humidity independent control system. Radiant cooling panels are used to bear the indoor sensible heat load, and the attached jet air supply is used to bear the indoor humidity load. Numerical simulation method is used to study the changes of indoor relative humidity and dehumidification efficiency of radiant cooling panels installed on ceiling and wall, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of all three systems taking into consideration the radiant cooling coupled with wall attached jet air supply with deflectors in terms of comfort. The results show that the attached jet has good adhesion to the cooling panel and will not leads to condensation; the dehumidification efficiency of wall attached jet is relatively poor; at the height of 0.1m, the thermal comfort of wall radiant cooling system is the best; at the height of 0.7m, the wall radiant cooling system with deflector is the best; in the working range of 1.1 ∼ 2.4m, the wall radiant cooling system is better than the ceiling radiant cooling system with or without deflector.


The current work aimed to enhance the delignification of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) for bioethanol production. The optimization of alkali (sodium hydroxide) pretreatment parameters such as concentration and residence time was carried out by the Taguchi method using L16 orthogonal array with two factors and four levels. Sugarcane bagasse powder was mixed with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution (0.5-2 wt.%) and heated in an autoclave at 121°C and at varied times (30-120 min). From the statistical analysis of data, it was observed that delignification and glucan increased with the increased concentration and short time. The optimum parameters of NaOH pretreatment were 2 wt.% of NaOH concentration and 30 minutes of residence time. At the optimum conditions, 86.8% delignification and 46.6% glucan content of SCB were obtained. Thus, alkali pretreatment optimized by Taguchi design is the effective method to remove lignin and to increase cellulose or glucan content in sugarcane bagasse for facilitating the further catalytic hydrolysis in bioethanol production.


This article discusses the problem of agency cost cutting for local municipalities across the U.S. Specifically addressed is the situation in Seattle, Washington, where the Seattle Transportation Department has been working to stabilize funding sources. However, the state will still be raising gasoline taxes to cope with the losses, albeit still with budget shortfalls. Also discussed is a similar situation in New Mexico where the state governor has proposed the GRIP (Governor Richards Investment Program) funding measure, which has found a recent descendent in the GRIP II program that will similarly provide funding to New Mexican transit programs. Other programs in Tennessee and Nebraska are discussed that have also been subject to state funding problems


Ride-sharing has important implications for improving the efficiency of mobility-on-demand systems. However, it remains a challenge due to the complex dynamics between vehicles and requests. This paper presents a decentralized ride-sharing algorithm suitable for shared autonomous vehicles (SAVs) deployment. The ride-sharing problem is formulated as a multi-agent reinforcement learning problem. We explore state representation with the request-vehicle graph to encode shareability and potential coordination information. We use a graph attention network to build a hierarchical structure that unifies ride-sharing assignments with rebalancing and handles real-world scenarios where hundreds of user requests can be associated with vehicles. We show results in both generic grid-world and SUMO simulation with real-world data from the Manhattan area. We empirically demonstrate that our proposed approach can achieve similar performance compared with a state-of-the-art centralized optimization method and higher computation efficiency.


A method for generating minimum time yacht routes for short distances while avoiding stationary obstacles and taking into account wave and water current disturbances is sought. The method should be feasible for use in an autopilot type construction. A solution is found using an iterative forumulation of the dynamic programming algorithm on a grided state space and an implementation in ANSI C is produced. Several other approaches are also examined. Finally, some aspects of constructing an autopilot based on the algorithm are discussed.


Abstract Hydrogen Bonding in 7-Azaindole and 1-Azacarbazole Infrared spectra of 7-azaindole, 1-azacarbazole, and their N-deuterated species have been measured in the solid state and in solution. Complicated band splitting observed in the region of 3000 cm-1 is explained by interaction of the N-H stretching vibrations of the cyclic dimers with different overtone and combination vibrations due to Fermi resonance.


Mg96Zn2Y2 alloy sheets were welded by employing a resistance spot welding technique. The microstructures of the joint were observed and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy to investigate the difference between it and those of the base material. The joint comprises a base metal zone, heat-affected zone, fusion zone, and nugget. In the heat-affected zone, the dissolution of secondary phases occurred locally. In the fusion zone, the α-Mg grains were coarsened; and the secondary phase was transformed into a network distribution. In the nugget, the α-Mg grains were approximately 30 μm in diameter; and most of the secondary phase possessed a long-period stacking-ordered structure of 18 periods rhombohedral lattice. The results reveal that the number of secondary phases and Mg3Zn3Y2 compounds formed in the nugget were smaller than those observed in the base metal.


The paper deals with the digital control design of an autonomous vehicle of a four wheeled vehicle with two independent movements per wheel. This vehicle has been designed by CERTAP (Reference Center for Manufacturing Advanced Technologies) Consortium. There are two versions of digital control of each course wheel: a conventional digital filter + PID controller and a fuzzy controller using two inputs (the error of the course and its rate) and one output (the variation of the torque set-points of the servo-amplifiers). A PID position control is used to drive one of the four wheels, and its control action is the torque set-point for all the other drive servo-amplifiers.


Information on oil and water production, volume of water injected, core analyses, and well completion data was collected on 28 Red Fork Sand waterflood projects for comparison and evaluation of results. An average water-injection efficiency of 35%, an average water- injected to oil-produced ratio of 16.8:1, and an average loss outside the flood pattern of approx. 45% of the injected fluid resulted in an oil recovery to Jan. 1, 1969, of only 5.6% of the pore volume, or 9.1% of the initial stock-tank oil in place. The principal causes of poor oil recovery from these projects are the losses of large quantities of injection water from the flood patterns through oriented, natural fracture systems or zones of high permeability and excessive channeling of injection fluids from input wells to oil wells. For more efficient operation and a higher percentage of oil recovery from the Red Fork Sand and other low-permeability-sand waterflood projects, directional orientation of both induced- and natural-fracture systems should be determined during early development. The success of a low-permeability-sand waterflood project depends to a large extent upon the orientation of the injection wells with the fracture system.


We consider a competition–diffusion system and study its singular limit as the interspecific competition rate tend to infinity. We prove the convergence to a Stefan problem with zero latent heat.


Fluid transients causing pressure surge or water hammer are well known to create damaging effects on pipeline systems. It is common for pipeline designers to evaluate transient surge scenarios for their pipeline projects by looking at the pipeline in its entirety from end to end. Any pump facilities located on the pipeline are often considered as a point on the pipeline, with little attention given to the specific piping details of the pump station at a local level. Pressure transients passing through a pump facility can encounter many piping elbows, risers, and piping segments that have small bore attachments for instrumentation, vents, and drains. As the transients pass through the facility, high vibration on the main lines and their associated small bore attachments can lead to fatigue failures with damaging consequences. This paper highlights the importance of considering liquid transient effects on facility vibration for main pipes and small bore attachments using test data from field measured vibrations during known transient events.


We present analytical solution describing power evolution in the general two-level active medium and the generated output power in the Fabry-Perot and ring fiber laser configurations.


Manila Hemp/Abaca page of the Oriental Papermaking Fibre website, presenting images and identification data for those interested in Oriental papermaking fibres


The results of a numerical study of the effect of synthetic jets on the flow in a transition channel using RANS and URANS methods are presented. The total pressure losses in the channel and the heat flux to the wall are estimated.


Seismic Surface Wave Methods (SWMs) have been one of the effective tools for retrieving near-surface shear-wave velocity (Vs). However, a critical problem associated with the SWMs is that using a horizontally layered model assumption in inversion may introduce blurred errors into 2D Vs imaging due to the presence of lateral variations. In addition, the increase of investigation depth necessary for the SWMs may cause an increase in errors since a wider acquisition array is essential to acquire longer wavelength data precisely. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between the output power, calculated by an amplitude normalized frequency-domain beamforming and the local phase velocity following the ray-theory approximation. Based on this relationship, we calculated the theoretical dispersion curves of multichannel surface wave data using a local maximum search algorithm. Then, we presented an algorithm for simultaneously inverting surface wave dispersion data extracted from multi-size spatial windows. We parametrized the inverted model in a 2D layered pattern. Finally, we used synthetic and field data sets to test the effectivity of the proposed method. Both results showed that the lateral resolution of the Vs model retrieved by the simultaneous inversion is improved compared to the horizontally layered model-based inversion.


In this paper, we report recent development in video coding and multimedia communications for Internet applications. In the coding aspect, emphasis is given to a number of emerging standards, including H.263 Version 2, H.26L, MPEG-4, and MPEG-7. In the communication aspect, H.323, an ITU-T standard developed for multimedia communications over non-QoS networks, is discussed.


Lasing has been observed at 491 and 484 nm from iodine monofluoride in mixtures of He/CF3I/NF3. The emission and lasing spectrum were investigated as well as conditions for optimum lasing. Optimum lasing at E/N of 1.8×10−16 occurred at 1277/0.65/2 Torr with an output reflector of 32% transmission. A media gain of ∼ 2% per cm was measured at optimum lasing conditions. Passivation with CF3I was found to be important for longer‐lifetime operation.


The aim of this dissertation is to historically study the medical and political regulation of swedish eating, with a special focus on the contribution of medicine to such a regulation. In a first t ...


Video segmentation has played a critical role in most video processing fields.A new algorithm of moving object segmentation in the H.264compression domain for video surveillance and retrieval is proposed.According to the practical application characteristics,this algorithm mainly utilizes motion vectors and partitioned block size information that are directly extracted for H.264bit streams to analyze the reliability of original motion vector field(MVF),and processes the MVF using spatial filter and mean-shift clustering,thus gets reliable MVF.First,the original motion vectors are obtained from the H.264stream and normalized after two steps of spatial filter.Then,appropriate weight is assigned for partitioned block size as the weight coefficient of each sample and then the processed MVF is used as the sample space for mean-shift clustering algorithm to obtain the real MVF.Finally,the moving target will be segmented from the background according to the marked reliable motion vectors.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed mean-shift clustering-based moving object segmentation algorithm could achieve good performance and efficiency.


Microstructural and hardening changes of Fe-0.2wt.%V alloy and pure Fe irradiated with 100 keV hydrogen ions at room temperature were investigated. It was found that dislocation density varies dramatically after irradiation, ranging from dislocation free to dense areas with tangled and complex dislocation configuration. As the irradiated Fe-0.2wt.%V samples were annealed at 773 K, the irradiation-induced dislocation loops disappear, while many small precipitates with enriched C distribute in the matrix. Some large precipitates with enriched V were also observed. The hardness of Fe-0.2wt.%V alloy and pure Fe increases after irradiation, which ascribes to the formation of dislocation loops in the irradiated specimens. Compared with pure Fe, the size of the irradiation-introduced dislocation loops in Fe-0.2wt.%V alloy decreases and the density increases, the change of the hardness also decreases. Keywords—Irradiation, Fe-0.2wt.%V alloy, microstructures, hardness.


The material presented in this review is devoted to scientific research carried out at one of the oldest graduating departments of ISUCT - the Department of Fine Organic Synthesis Technology. For citation: Danilova E.A., Galanin N.E., Islyaikin M.K., Maizlish V.E., Berezina G.R., Rumyantseva T.A., Suvorova Yu.V., Znoiko S.A., Kustova T.V. Achievements in the field of chemistry of macroheterocyclic compounds at the department of technology of fine organic synthesis. ChemChemTech [Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol.]. 2023. V. 66. N 7. P. 111-119. DOI: 10.6060/ivkkt.20236607. 6826j.


Abstract : The cervical spine in lateral view is discussed and a method based on digital statistical analysis is used to reproduce quantitative data of the curvature. Part I is a study based on the lateral view in the neutral position in 142 aviators. The radiograms are divided in 3 main groups: (1) Normal cervical lordosis. (2) Marked straightening of the cervical spine. (3) Segmental straightening with reversal of the curve. Part II discusses the use of the digital analysis to determine the displacement in subjects that have sustained ligamentous injuries of the cervical spine following whiplash injury.


In the beginning of year 2020 COVID-19 pandemic has strongly threaten all the world. By time with many calls for staying at home we still find numbers of people staying in street without any shelters "homeless" living in vulnerable conditions suffering from deprivation of social and urban rights and contributing in spread the epidemics. UN Habitat statistics estimated 150 million (1 out of 65) people around the world living without shelter and suffered neglecting and discarded. Most countries and governments hurries to take a drastic measure to fight the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) and seeking to face the social and economic problems and try to re-correct some social conditions that the homelessness phenomenon where the homeless and street children have been neglected. This research considers one of the socio architecture and epidemiological studies that focus of homeless categories and deals with the effect of the spread of the homelessness phenomenon with the outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic. The data were collected on a one-to-one basis through semi-structured interview for some responsible persons and numbers of some street homeless it also deals with the study of the factors associated with this spread and the impact of different phenomena or variables on them and the research submits an emergency architecture and urbanization solutions depends on integration methodology in the framework of humanity concept and sustainability with surrounded urban to reduce the spread of the epidemics and control over.


A decade ago, environmental issues, such as air pollution and the contamination of the oceans with microplastic, were prominently communicated in the media. However, these days, political topics, as well as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, have clearly taken over. In spite of this shift in focus regarding media representation, researchers have made progress in evaluating the possible health risks associated with particulate contaminations present in water and air. In this review article, we summarize recent efforts that establish a clear link between the increasing occurrence of certain pathological conditions and the exposure of humans (or animals) to airborne or waterborne particulate matter. First, we give an overview of the physiological functions mucus has to fulfill in humans and animals, and we discuss different sources of particulate matter. We then highlight parameters that govern particle toxicity and summarize our current knowledge of how an exposure to particulate matter can be related to dysfunctions of mucosal systems. Last, we outline how biophysical tools and methods can help researchers to obtain a better understanding of how particulate matter may affect human health. As we discuss here, recent research has made it quite clear that the structure and functions of those mucosal systems are sensitive toward particulate contaminations. Yet, our mechanistic understanding of how (and which) nano- and microparticles can compromise human health via interacting with mucosal barriers is far from complete.


This paper studies the piston's temperiture and stress space in some condition of Sulzer 6RND68 marine diesel engine by using the finite element method calculation, and analyses the reason on fracture in way of piston and rings and so on. Some advices are listed in this paper.


The paper deals with the heritage nature of an institution's scientific documentation, which is different from a country's cultural heritage or mankind's doc...


A Corporate Class * National Influence * International Coercion * Washington Consensus Down Under * From Public Service to Private Profit * The Trade Agenda * Trade in Services * Coercing Trade Agreements * Deregulating Investment * Globalization Versus Democracy * Conclusion: The Triumph of Corporate Rights * Index


Objective: There is a strong relationship between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Chronic intermittent hypoxia, inflam mation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction may create etiologic mechanisms, connection between OSAS to CVD. Inflammation play an important role in the devel opment of CVD. Platelet- Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) and Neutrophil-lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) are new biomarkers showing inflammation. This study was designed to inves tigate the association between PLR, NLR and relationship between severity of OSAS, polysomnographic parameters and PLR. Methods: This was a cohort study in which patients who had undergone a full night polysomnography for diagnosis of OSA were recruited. Patients were divided according to their apnea hypopnea index (AHI) scores into OSAS negative simple snoring (Group 1; AHI 30) groups. Results: A total of 111 patients were included in this study. There were 26, 22 and 63 patients in Groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. PLR were significantly different be tween groups (Group 1: 87.12, Group 2: 103.6, Group 3: 112.5, p < 0.05). PLR were significantly correlated with NLR, AHI, oxygen desaturation index, average and minimum O2 saturation values (p < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that PLR is an independent predictor of CVD. PLR cut-off value for demonstrating the presence of CVD is higher than 86.03. Conclusion: In the light of these findings, PLR is strongly associated with the severity of OSAS. PLR might be used as a biomarker to predict CVD in OSAS patients.


Objective To investigate the role of HIF-1α in cardioprotection of limb ischemic preconditioning on early ischemic myocardium by observing changes of myocardial infarct size and the expression of HIF-1α mRNA in ischemic myocardium.Methods Healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control(NC);acute myocardial ischemia(AMI,established by ligating left anterior descending coronary artery of rats);Limb ischemic precondition group(LIP): after the limb arteries was occluded 5 minutes and released 5 minutes four cycles,LAD was occluded as AMI group.Myocardial infarct size of 12 hours experimental rats was examined with Evans and triphenyl tetrazolium chloride(TTC).Using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),the changes of HIF-1α mRNA level in ischemic myocardium were measured.Results The myocardial infarct size((46.92±6.69)%) in LIP group was significantly reduced than that of AMI group((66.44±19.24)%,P0.05).Expression of HIF-1α mRNA was detected in myocardium of NC group and was increased obviously in AMI group at 1 hour to 4 hours after surgery.While after limb ischemic preconditioning HIF-1α began to decrease obviously in ischemic myocardium in LIP group compared with that of AMI group.Conclusions Limb ischemic protection could alleviate the myocardium injure after the decrease of HIF-1α gene expression and that might be one of molecular mechanisms of cardioprotection.


The snake Boiga irregularis, an exotic on Guam, has eliminated the majority of the native vertebrates there. We tested traps designed to control this arboreal snake during three periods of 20-41 days in 1988 and 1989. The relative trapping successes with different baits and trap configurations indicated that this snake will not readily push through a visually obstructed entrance. However, under some conditions, 80% of the snakes escaped from traps lacking a physical blockage at the entrance. Live bait was more successful than odoriferous bait alone, and odoriferous guide ropes that led to trap entrances did not enhance capture rates. These findings corroborate laboratory experiments indicating an unusually strong dependence on visual cues in this highly successful nocturnal predator.


Acidizing may also produce some insoluble matters that plug the pore throats, causing further damages to the formation, i. e. , acid sensitive reaction. Progress on the study of it is reviewed in this paper. Acid sensitive phenomena caused by hydrochloric acid and the preventing solutions include: Secondary precipitation of gypsum, which may be ceased by adding CaCl2; precipitation of iron hydroxide, and it can be effectively inhibited by using the complexing agent of EDTA and NTA combined with acetic acid, or by using the reducing agent to reduce the iron ions back to the ferrous ions, as the pH value of iron hydroxide precipitation is remarkably over that of the residue acid; the formation of silica hydrate, when the temperature of T50 of the silicon a-luminate mineral is lower than the formation temperature, the hydrochloric acid may be replaced by acetic acid. Acid sensitive phenomena caused by hydrofluoric acid and the preventing solutions include: precipitation of silicate fluorine of basic metal, this can be minimized by lower the concentration of hydrofluoric acid; aluminum scale, which can be inhibited by raising the concentration of hydrochloric acid; precipitation of calcium fluorine, and by using the hydrochloride acid as flushing fluid, the calcium may be removed.


Quark masses are shown to play an important role in the nucleon sea. Our analysis using massive QCD splitting functions demonstrates the existence of two Feynman-$x$ sea regimes. For small $x$ the strange sea is larger while at large $x$ the non-strange light sea is dominant. This crossover effect has been observed in a phenomenological analysis by the CTEQ Collaboration. We also investigate the charm component in the nucleon.


OBJECTIVES: To identify clinical features associated with bacteriuria plus pyuria in noncatheterized nursing home residents with clinically suspected urinary tract infection (UTI).


reform and treatment of the insane. Bailey uses Louisa's story, alongside a discussion of the 1800 Criminal Lunatics Act, as a jumping-off point for considering how "The Thorn," "The Mad Mother," and "Ruth" combat this new "belief that constant supervision and carefully managed social spaces could produce moral rectitude and economic productivity" (181). The political and social history that constitutes Bailey's frame is familiar on one level. But what makes this study helpful is its dedicated unearthing of primary sources, which sets material such as Jeremy Bentham's writings alongside a host of lesser-known debates, tracts, and pamphlets. Bailey's conclusions inevitably bring to mind Michel Foucault's claims about concomitant developments in conceptions of punishment and discipline on the continent. But as cultural history, Wordsworth's Vagrants performs the valuable service of laying out detailed evidence demonstrating how what Foucault calls "Power" shaped policy and attitudes toward crime and the poor in Georgian society, even as this study carefully attends to a very different socio-political context from that operating in France.


D PRENTICE (1983) expressed concern with problems of assessing the reliability of data obtained on food materials in different laboratories. He commented directly that "the complexity of many food systems and the problems encountered in measuring their properties are sometimes used as an excuse for accepting lower standards than would be applied without question to other physical methods." The current interest in physical properties of food, particularly rheological behavior (including extrusion) makes it timely to expand somewhat on Prentice's theme. First, it is worth noting that the complexity of food systems makes it particularly important to carry out experiments with care to be able to assess the reliability of data and the limitations on conclusions based thereon. This applies with equal force both to data obtained by purely empirical methods and to data obtained by more fundamental or basic methods. In fact, it can be argued that data reliability assessment is even more important in empirical testing than in basic studies because there are no independent criteria to evaluate empirical results. Second, there is increasing need to expand our fundamental understanding of material behavior. There is no doubt that empirical tests on food materials are important. They would not be employed in practice unless the results correlated in some useful fashion with end-use properties or processing characteristics or serve as an index of product quality or in process control. Nevertheless, empirical methods suffer from severe limitations: they are usually specific for a given product or process or for a narrow range of properties; they lack predictive capability; results from one arbitrary test method cannot be compared to those from another arbitrary test method; and erroneous conclusions can only too readily be drawn from data obtained by methods not fully understood. Szczesniak (1977) noted that the application of scientific principles of rheology to foods is of fairly recent origin but that "fundamental rheological tests ... are beginning to gain favor." Numerous valuable contributions furthering the understanding of food physical properties, and particularly rheological properties, can be cited supporting Szczesniak's position. The classic work of Scott Blair and his colleagues


Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia in the adult population. It is associated with up to a 5-fold increased risk of stroke and contributes to a higher morbidity and mortality compared with non–AF-related strokes.[1][1] The current prevalence of AF in the adult population, estimated at


Water surface fluctuations in river flows are caused by various factors such as wind effects, near-surface turbulence, or collision of boil vortices against water surface. When we view the river surface from a riverbank, such effects can be recognized as a surface image pattern moving with the flow, which can be utilized for non-contact surface flow measurement. Although plenty of research has been performed regarding open-channel turbulence, the effect of the bottom roughness on water surface fluctuations has not been investigated intensively so far. In this study, an open-channel flow with strip roughness is measured by PIV and the relationship between the flow near the bottom and water surface is investigated with the aid of the POD filtering technique.


Dendritic cell is the most important full-time antigen presenting cell (APC) which has the functions of stimulating the proliferation of naive T cells,initiating immune response, and inducing immune anergy. Differentiation and subtype of DC is associated with initiating immune response or inducing immune anergy. There are also some antigen receptors such as C-type lectin, integrin, and Fc receptor expressed upon DC which is associated with immune anergy.


A 58-year-old man complained of difficulty walking and limb numbness for the past 9 years and gait instability for the past 4 years. He presented with dysarthria, horizontal gaze nystagmus, diminished deep tendon reflex, bilateral Babinski sign, left dominant limb ataxia, and reduced superficial sensation. He reported a family history of autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia and was diagnosed with Machado-Joseph disease (MJD). Magnetic resonance imaging revealed vertical clefts in the bilateral cerebellar hemispheres (arrowheads) with atrophy (Picture 1A-C, E-G), findings that were clarified by three-dimensional reconstructed images (Picture 1D, H), and a normal cerebrum (Picture 2). A genetic analysis showed an expanded ATXN3 allele (60 CAG repeats). Although Blakes's pouch cyst can compress and displace the cerebellum superiorly (1), no cyst or hydrocephalus was observed. Since the length of the CAG repeat is inversely correlated with the onset in MJD (2), the onset in the present case was earlier than in MJD patients with 60 repeats. Cerebellar abnormalities may exacerbate ataxia.


A method and a low tire pressure monitoring device of the apparatus used in the tire valve stem (22) is fixed. Monitoring means comprises a housing (26), a housing (26) having a back pressure chamber (21), a main pressure chamber (94) and the two chambers separated by an elastic membrane (36). By forming the tire inner pressure in the back pressure chamber (21) to calibrate the monitoring device. Master pressure chamber (94) is equal to the air pressure in the air pressure within the tire. Over time, a tire air pressure decreases, the main pressure chamber decreases as the air pressure. When the pressure in the back pressure chamber is higher than the pressure in the main pressure chamber (94) is, the contact 36 and completing the circuit elastomeric membrane (27), whereby an alarm signal.


As a social pattern of science and technology,science and technology can't be separated from security demands of nationality and country.Reflection of the logic process adapting Marxist view of science and technology to conditions in China is a process that the innovation of Marxism concept of science and technology guides the practice of Chinese science and technology.The logic characters of innovation is an organic unity of nationalization of Marxism view of science and technology,Marxist theorization of science and technology security practice and human relations of Marxism view of science of technology.


We report the design and performance of a 2 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu$</tex-math></inline-formula>m dual-stage polarization maintaining (PM) holmium-doped fiber amplifier (HDFA) operating in either continuous-wave (CW) or pulsed regime. The amplifier is pumped at 1860 nm, which offers a better efficiency than a 1940 nm pump. In CW regime, we measured more than 1 W of output power at both 2051 nm and 2090 nm signal wavelengths. In pulsed mode, we tested the amplifier over a broad range of pulse widths (50–500 ns) and pulse repetition frequencies (PRFs) (50–1500 kHz). The PM HDFA delivered up to 200 W of peak power and 10 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu$</tex-math></inline-formula>J of pulse energy with an excellent stability, while integrated inside a compact module.


This study analyses, first of all, the evolution of Catalonia's population in relation to its habitual language and to the language or languages with which it identifies the most in recent years. Secondly, it also seeks to identify the relation of these concepts to place of birth and national identity. The information sources are the Survey on Language Uses of the Population (2003-2013) and the Government of Catalonia Omnibus Survey (2011-2015). The main results show that there is a direct relationship between the language with which Catalans most identify and their national identity, as could be expected in the context of CatCorrespondència: Maria Candela Ribera Ruiz. A/e: email@example.com. 1. En el present treball s'empren com a sinònims els termes de llengua d'identificació i el de llengua considerada seva. És la variable que s'obté de la pregunta «Quina és la seva llengua?», que apareix tant a les enquestes d'usos lingüístics com a les de l'Òmnibus de la Generalitat de Catalunya. 001-374 TSC 27.indd 235 17/10/2017 16:47:21 236 TSC, 27 (2017) MARIA CANDELA RIBERA RUIZ alonia. Moreover, the results underscore the importance of language in identity building, especially in citizens who identify themselves as Catalan or Spanish alone. However, some citizens of Catalonia who identify themselves as Catalan alone have Spanish as their language of identity. Furthermore, the trend shows that the sector of population which identifies itself as more Catalan than Spanish, identifies itself with the Catalan language and not with both languages.


This work analyzes some educational practices anchored in the teaching competences demanded by today's age of digital ubiquity, in the scope of a training course for teacher-artists of dance, at a Brazilian public university in the state of Paraná. Its empirical research object consists of an evaluation project carried out for the discipline "Dance Criticism", which is part of the course curriculum. This study applies a qualitative research methodology that includes a bibliographic review


A two-fingered micro hand has been available for use for years and allows dexterous manipulation of a single cell: grabbing, positioning, rotating and releasing. The end-effector of this micro hand consists of two glass needles; however, the glass tips must be finely adjusted and the micro hand must be calibrated prior to use. Because these initial procedures require highly skilled human operators and a great deal of time, a fine adjustment module (FAM) has been developed for assisting with the fine adjustment work and was successfully shown to make the initial setup easier. However, problems with the calibration process and with the dependence on a user of the FAM control are still present. One means of improving the system for users is to automate the initial setup. The detection of the glass tips in a wide range of Z directions from a microscopic image having a small depth of focus requires robust calibration and must be possible using an automated FAM control. From this perspective, the tip position detection algorithm using the evaluation function, Image Quality Measurement (IQM), is proposed in this paper. Based on this algorithm, the automated initial setup method is explained and its effectiveness is experimentally evaluated.


We present results on the measurement of the charge collection efficiency of a p + /n/p + silicon detector irradiated to 1 u 10 15 n/cm 2 , operated in the temperature range between 80 K and 200 K. For comparison, measurements obtained with a standard silicon diode (p + /n/n + ), irradiated to the same fluence, are also presented. Both detectors show a dramatic increase of the CCE when operated at temperatures around 130 K. The double-p detector shows a higher CCE regardless of the applied bias and temperature, besides being symmetric with respect to the polarity of the bias voltage. At 130 K and 500 V applied bias the double-p detector shows a CCE of 80%, an unprecedented result for a silicon detector irradiated to such a high dose.


Many organizations are concerned about how the public and policymakers see them. So, they often issue corporate responsibility reports—which have been expanded to include the company's efforts to promote environmental sustainability. But exactly what is sustainability, and how can cost management tools help a company achieve it? © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


sonal evangelistic witnessing. Outlined step by step is a training process suggested for the use of pastors and other church leaders in formulating attitudes and developing skills among laypersons for the task of personal witnessing. Replete with illustrations drawn from actual life experiences, the book makes for interesting reading. It says little, however, that has not been said many times before.


The essential element in this high competitive environment are human resources which are the part of every organization. Therefore is advisable, or better necessary for companies to care for their employees and be able to use their potential for the needs of the company. This graduation thesis is concerned with motivation and contentment of employees wor-king for KARS spol. s r.o. The opening clause deals with teoretical pieces of knowledge which are used in the research focused on motivation and contentment done in company. The following project is intented to ensure higher level of contentment.


This article attempts to examine what is believed to be a significant overall Taylorist influence in Japanese manufacturing as well as a specific manifestation of this phenomenon, namely the unique flow requirements of the generic Toyota system (JIT). The use of unbufferred flow, it is argued, is feasible only with consistent quality, thus making non-discretionary Taylorist job design a necessary condition.


This research deals with the analysis of discourse structure in the show "Baantaran honesty" in Banjarmasin and the researcher concludes that this discourse structure consists of greetings, praise to God and the Prophet, respect for the arrival of the family of the bridegroom, Introduction words (in the language of Banjar-called " maantar pamandiran "), Core (delivery or receiving conduction), Acknowledgements and apology, Prayer, Closing (greeting). This type of approach used in this study is qualitative descriptive. The research is qualitative descriptive and aims of providing an overview of the case carefully. In the analysis of discourse structure, "baantaran jujuran" The discourse of dilivery of the bridegroom of the first and the discourse of acceptance of the bride is the response symbolized by R.


DURING a period when business comes easily, and at any price, the advantages to be derived from efficient lubrication may not always be properly appreciated, But we live in a changing world; the seller's market is passing as competition grows. If, as we are told, it is essential to retain our present share of the world's trade and, even to increase it, costs must be constantly scrutinised and all avoidable waste eliminated. Where plant of any type is concerned the adoption of improved methods of lubrication is an effective means for cutting production costs.


As one of the ten new technologies that the Ministry of Construction recommends to use widely in construction industry,the applied technology of new formwork and scaffold has achieved remarkable progress in China.It should be further developed in following respects: wide application of formwork of various kinds for fair-faced concrete,research and development of new formwork materials and products,popular application of early-dismantled formwork system,research and development of hanging formwork support technology,wide use and deep development of big formwork and hydraulic self-climbing formwork technology and research of CAD application in formwork engineering,so as to improve the management level and accelerate the development of construction formwork technology of our country.


After severe winter frost, an examination was initiated of frost damage suffered by Idared and Golden Delicious clone B. The cultivars differed significantly in the diferentiation intensity, the share of damaged differentiated buds, but not in share of damaged undifferentiated buds. In both cultivars the bud damage was more intensive on long bearing wood than on spur, regardless of the differentiation grade. The interaction between the cultivar and the bearing wood was insignificant. The flower bud differentiation was better in Idared, but it also suffered a more frost damage than the Golden Delicious clone B with differentiated buds, but not than that with undifferentiated buds. In both cultivars frost damage increases with increase of differentiated flower buds (R2=0.759 ; P ≤ 0.001). The fruit set was within the limits of expectation only on the spurs of the Golden Delicious clone B, which showed strong tendency towards fruit set on long bearing shoots. In 2000, the yield of the cultivars was almost equal, as the result of thinning due to the frost damage on Idared.


A highly integrated electronically scanned phased array (ESPA) module using an innovative integration approach with MEMS processing technologies is presented. X-band monolithic 3-bit MEMS phase shifters, Wilkinson power dividers and via-less capacitive interconnects are integrated on a double-sided wafer to produce the prototype module. In order to fully integrate these components, finite ground coplanar (FGC) waveguide MEMS components are employed for the very first time without the use of interconnect vias or complex multi-layer processing. The 0.37 in2-integrated module has a bandwidth of 11% and is an enabling building block of integrated sub-system arrays for lightweight large space-based phased arrays.


Although many companies have been investing heavily in big data and analytics, there haven't yet been many success stories in applying analytics to human resources. But that may be about to change.


The Ataturk Dam was constructed on the Euphrates River in Turkey in the 1980s as the central component of a large-scale regional development project for the South-eastern Anatolia region, known as ...


This study compares social class and income as correlates of buying behavior for a variety of low-cost packaged goods. Its objective was to determine whether social class or income best explains which products are found in the home. The Los Angeles Times Continuing Home Audit is used as the data base.


Background  Antidesmoglein (anti‐Dsg) 3 serum antibody titres are usually correlated with the disease activity of pemphigus vulgaris (PV), but some patients retain high titres even in remission.


Monocytes (M) and macrophages (Mφ) cells are mononuclear essential components of the innate immune system response. (M) and (Mφ) are mononuclear phagocytes that have crucial distinct roles in tissue homeostasis and immunity. (M) are key players during inflammation and pathogen challenge also are precursor of (Mφ), whereas tissue resident (Mφ) have important functions in development, tissue homeostasis and the resolution of inflammation. They comprise what was just recently recognized as a heterogeneous family of professional phagocytic cells responsible for the recognition and clearance of pathogens and dead cells. Optimal Control equations for the state x1(t) with tracking in the state x2(t) has been applied to two dimensional system of differential not homogeneous equations presented in [15], [7]. This system represents the behavior of (M) and (Mφ) into the blood flow. Special form of matrices H and Q in the cost criterion function J is given for obtain the convergence of the state variables ((M) and (Mφ)) to optimal asymptotic values (health state) when the production rate λ is modified.


INTRODUCTIONDuring their professional carrier musicians need to face many problems, which are directly involved with their own profession. Those problems include: fear, tension, stage fright and all consenquenses that might come out of each from these problems. As every musician's aim is to offer unforgettable performance to the audience, it is reasonable why fear, tension or stage fright influence performing musician so much. Each of these problems can endanger or disable performance. Every individual has it's own mechanism when facing fear,1 tension or stage fright and many of them are successful in dealing with all kind of problems that could endanger their performance. Unfortunately some of then cannot find their »way out«. In order to maintain good performance they are prone to take chemical substances , which will help them to solve their problems, both physiological and psychological.Chemical substances and alcoholI suppose that majority of general population would find it uncomfortable to participate when being exposed to the audience. Musicians are in similar situation very often. Most of them do find their own way to deal with stress, tension, fear and they make their performance successful. But some of them might have some physiological and psychological manifestions of fear and stage fright. Physiological manifestations are closely related to increased adrenalin secretion from suprarenal medulla2 and they include: tachycardia, palpitations, decreased salivation, palmar perspiration, tremor and many others, which are not so important for performing musician.Among many chemical substances, cocaine is one of the most expanded among modern music performers, especially pop musicians. They use to snort cocaine, so it affects nasal mucosa, but it has many other effects such as: vasoconstriction, sensorium changes, reduced voice control and many other disorders. Cocaine also can be taken by smoking or intravenously and that is even more important for developing addiction, which is generally the outcome of repated cocaine taking. Of course, that is only the beginning of many other problems starting from behaviour disorders, family, relationship and criminal problems. Many of those who cannot fight against addiction come to the fatal end.Alcohol is harmful for performing musicians because of decreased quality of vocal technique. Alcohol itself is harmful because it affects both central and peripheral nervous system and some of the consenquences include: balance disorder and reduced conciousness, tremor, polineuropathy and others, blocking optimal performance. Chronic alcohol abuse is harmful because of it's long term effect and some of them include: epileptic attacks, demention, hallucination etc. Many musicians, especially singers, develop allergic reaction to some wines and beers, so it is very controversial discussion whether or not they should drink one glass of wine, when only small amounts of alcohol were ingested. Nevertheless, small amounts of alcohol, according to many experiences, are not harmful for musician on the performance day. In case of allergy to some alcohol drink, musician should avoid alcohol at all. There are many reasons why musicians start drinking too much alcohol. One of the reasons might be family predisposition. Other reasons include: stress, stage fright and many others. Some of them are prone to alcohol abuse in order to stay focused while performing music during concert, as they don't want to make any mistake during their performance. At the beginning some alcohol might be helpful as musicians improve their performance dealing with stage fright at the same time. But in the future chronic alcohol abuse will bring nothing but harmful long-term consenquences to the performing musician.SmokingSingers and windpipe players should not smoke at all, both for healthy and professional reasons. More and more scientific publications and newspaper articles remind us every day how smoking harmful is. …


Interrupt handlers implemented by some PCI device drivers can misbehave if the device they are supposed to handle is not in the state they expect it to be in. If this happens, interrupt storm may occur, potentially leading to a system lockup. Unfortunately, if the device in question uses shared interrupts, this can easily happen during suspend to RAM, after the device has been put into a low power state. It is even more likely that this will happen at resume time, before the device is brought back to the state it was in before the suspend. On some machines this leads to intermittent resume failures that are very difficult to diagnose. In Linux kernels prior to 2.6.29-rc3 the power management core did not do anything to prevent such failures from happening, but during the 2.6.29 development cycle we started to address the issue. Still, the solution finally implemented in the 2.6.29 kernel is partial, because it only covers the devices that support the native PCI power management and it only affects the resume part of the code. The complete solution, which has been included into 2.6.30 and which is described in the present paper, required us to make some radical changes, including a rearrangement of the major steps performed by the kernel during suspend and resume. However, not only should it make suspend and resume much more reliable on a number of systems, but it should also allow the writers of PCI device drivers to simplify their code, because some standard PCI device power management operations will now be carried out by the core.


The paper describes the design, test, and development of vibration sensing nodes for a wireless sensor network (WSN) that is used for health monitoring of high voltage (HV) equipment in power substations. The principal objective of the project is to investigate the viability of using inexpensive and low-power wireless sensors for power system monitoring applications. Laboratory tests and experimental results that demonstrate the performance of the sensors are presented.


The regional policy is one of the most significant European
Union policies.Its main goals are the diminishing of
disparities among regions and subjects situated in the national
state territories as well as in the European Union space
framework and simultaneously the promotion of economic and
social development of regions, microregions and municipalities.


The formulation of the wheel-rail contact is a crucial issue in simulations considering the running dynamics of railway vehicles. Therefore a modeling environment that is dedicated to railway vehicle dynamics such as the new DLR RaiwayDynamics Library relies on an ecient representation of the kinematics and forces or torques, respectively, that appear at the wheel-rail interface. A number of dierent formulations have been developed since the underlying rolling contact problem was firstly discussed in literature in 1876. The paper overviews these wheel-rail contact formulations and then presents the implemented variants in detail. The DLR RailwayDynamics Library is used to model and simulate the behavior of an experimental scaled M 1:5 running gear operating on the DLR roller rig. The simulations results


Introduction: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are frequently associated with degenerative changes involving bony components of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) which may result in morphologic and dimensional changes of them.
Aims: This study aimed to evaluate dimensional changes in TMJ in patients affected by TMD using CBCT and a threedimensional (3D) rendering software.
Materials and Methods: CBCT images of 68 subjects (19 males and 49 females, age range, 20-50 years) were studied. 40 joints in RDC/TMD (Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD) II group (disk displacement), 45 joints in RDC/TMD III group (osteoarthritis/osteoarthrosis) and 48 normal joints were included. Variables of length, width, and height of the condyle and slope of articular eminence were measured on CBCT images. Condylar volume was measured using a 3D model of the condyle, reconstructed by 3D rendering software. One-way ANOVA, GLM univariate and Pearson's/Spearman correlation coefficients tests were used for statistical analysis.
Results and Discussion: The average condylar volume, width, and height had the highest values in the normal group and the lowest one in RDC/TMD III. The difference of condylar height was statistically significant between RDC/TMD III and the normal group (P=0.01). Other studied variables were not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05). There was a significant correlation between age and condylar volume in RDC/TMDII (P=0.049).
Conclusion: TMD, especially in the early stages, will not lead to significant dimensional changes in the condyle, but in more advanced stages it can lead to a decrease in the height of the condyle.


In 1982 the Li minority had 817,600 members, most of whom lived in the Li and Miao autonomous prefectures on Hainan Island. Li culture has a long history. According to archaeological data, the ancestors of the Li already lived in the prosperous stage of the matrilineal gens during the Shang and Zhou periods (eleventh century-770 B.C.). By the time of the Ming dynasty (A.D. 1368-1644), much of Li society had entered the feudal stage. However, numerous matriarchal remnants still survived and found expression in the organization of production, social activities, institutions of marriage and family, and descent systems. The remnants of the matriarchy were especially evident in those parts of Hainan Island (e.g., Ledong, Baisha, and Baoting counties) where the Hemu system prevailed within the extended patrilineal family. The Hemu was an organization of joint ownership and cooperative production, formed by several households whose members were related through the patrilineal line. This aspect of evolution in Li...


Despite a move towards personalised medicine, attrition rates for new cancer drugs remain unacceptably high. The pharmaceutical industry has also shown a preference for well-studied targets and pathways, as evidenced by 'me too9 drugs. Together with the challenge of inadequate pre-clinical models, this indicates a need for novel, evidence-based therapeutic targets. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified over 450 robust genetic variants associated with increased cancer risk. Genes implicated through GWAS are often mutated somatically and therefore represent attractive therapeutic targets. Examples include the target of venetoclax in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, BCL2. We exploit this principle more generally by integrating genetic associations for common cancers with drug target data and druggability using the canSAR drug discovery knowledgebase (https://cansar.icr.ac.uk). By harnessing the power of Big Data we aim to both identify opportunities for repurposing of existing drugs, and prioritise novel targets for cancer drug discovery. We mined the NHGRI-EBI Catalog of published GWAS for all cancer risk SNPs. We annotated candidate target genes through overlapping topologically associating domains (TADs), a more sensitive technique than previously published methods using linkage disequilibrium. We used canSAR to identify target genes for which there is no FDA-approved small molecule drug, and the resource Probe Miner to identify targets for which high-quality chemical probes exist. We also utilised canSAR9s machine learning algorithms to assess the druggability of target genes by structure-, ligand-, precedence- and network-based approaches. We additionally analysed results from cancer drug databases to ascertain whether there is an enrichment of 'drug target-indication pairs9 at successive stages of the drug development pathway for which supporting evidence from GWAS exists: this indicates potential 'stumbling blocks9 that may present a risk for future drug development projects. 7 257 protein-coding genes mapped within TADs overlapping cancer risk SNPs. Of these, 98 were pre-existing targets for which there is an FDA-approved small molecule drug. For the remaining 7 159 genes we performed multi-faceted druggability analyses incorporating assessments of the 3D structure of the target and any protein complexes it exists in, chemical properties of known ligands of the target, and the target9s position and role within the human interactome. We comprehensively rank our target-indication pairings by criteria including novelty relative to existing targets and predicted attrition risk. Mapping approved drug targets back to cancer GWAS signals enables identification of both novel drug targets and patient populations. Collectively our findings show the value of investigating germline cancer genetics as part of interdisciplinary, data-driven approaches to inform drug discovery. Citation Format: Elizabeth A. Coker, Ben Kinnersley, Amit Sud, Patrizio Di Micco, Bissan Al-Lazikani, Richard Houlston. Utilising genetic susceptibility and big data to inform novel cancer therapies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 776.


The authors suggest that the Massachusetts Department of Revenue's Directive 03-12 takes too expansive a view of the state's ability to impose income taxes on nonresidents. In many instances, the directive is not clear and its guidance might not withstand challenge, the authors say.


Owing to the smart applications of human-computer interaction (HCI), the hand posture and gesture recognition technologies have acquired more and more attentions recently. In this work, the 2D low-complexity hand gesture identification technology is proposed based on 3D depth information. The proposed design overcomes the difficulties to separate the integrated palm region from the complex background. First, the proposed system uses the 3D depth camera to obtain the depth information. Then the system uses the depth image of the palm area to extract the contour and features of hand. By the contour and features of hand from geometric relationship, the proposed design recognizes several useful hand postures and gestures effectively. In our experiments, the recognition accuracy of hand gestures can be up to 98%. By implementing with the 4-core PC (Intel i7−4720, 2.6GHz, 8GB RAM), the average processing speed is up to 15 frames per second.


The initial wave of Chinese immigration began as a result of the discovery of gold in San Francisco in the 1850s. Disruptions brought about by foreign invasions and t a.. internal revolts as well as problems of declining farm productivity and rising population, forced many Chinese in the coastal provinces of Guangdong and Fujian to migrate overseas. The first Chinese settlers created Chinatown for their cultural transfer overseas t and the dynamics of social organisation and community stratification in the new environments. Cantonese folk rhymes were written in vernacular writing by the first Chinese immigrants and had been published among the Chinese themselves to overcome their nostalgia, loneliness and hardship in North America. Like the idea of a Chinese race in the 1930s, novels written by Pearl S. Buck such as The Good Earth represented "Chineseness." The novel was made into a film using white actors and actresses, as racial discrimination was strong at that time. Ever since the proclamation of the Republic Popular of China in 1949, political persecutions have forced many Chinese intellectuals such as Nien Cheng and Wu Ning Kun to live in the Diaspora. The Open Door Policy started by Deng Xiao Ping made China recover its international prestige as a world power. As a result, many third or fourth Chinese-Americans decided to write about the sagas of their Chinese ancestors, people that they had never met and places they had never been to. Maxine Hong Kingston, Amy Tan or Fae Myenne Ng alongside with many other writers of Chinese origin have the ability to inhabit imaginatively other places and times, to render the feel of manufacturing incense sticks in the 1920s or running from the invading Japanese in the 1930s.


Introduction. Spasticity is an interrupted or constant hyperactivity of the sceletal muscles, caused by lesion of the upper motor neuron. The aim of this article was to gather scientifically and clinically important data about spasticity. Morpho-functional basis on which spasticity originates. The spasm is motoric disorder in which an increased muscle tone is present (especially of antigravity muscles), with slower movements and tendency of appearing moderate atrophy and contractures. Etiology. Spasticity may be caused by stroke; demyelinating diseases (sclerosis multiplex, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis); cerebral palsy; tumors; brain and spinal cord damage (trauma, ischemia, surgical intervention); other neurodegenerative diseases. Symptoms. There are a number of symptoms: increased muscle tone, joint stiffness, overactive reflexes, involuntary jerky movements, which may include spasms and clonus, pain, decreased functional abilities and delayed motor development, difficulty with care and hygiene, unusual posture, abnormal positioning of fingers, wrists, arms, or shoulders, contractures or muscle tightness. Management of spasticity- therapeutic treatment: physical therapy and rehabilitation, medicamentous and surgical treatment. Conclusion. Spasticity is a complex phenomenon with constant hyperactivity of the sceletal muscles, it is one component of upper motoneuron syndrome and many neurological diseases and disorders. Therapeutic treatment of spasticity should be highly specific, individualized, multidisciplinar and conducted carefully, controlled with the purpose of functional improvement and pain relief. It is significant to know that sometimes spasticity is useful and should not be removed. There is a need for standardized protocols for 'best practice' in management of spasticity.


Optical wireless with its high potential capacities offers an attractive solution for the backhaul of small mobile radio cells. In this paper, we show that typical transmission distances of 200 m can be covered reliably with low-cost optical wireless links. Note that link availability is limited by visibility, i.e. attenuation mainly due to fog. Conventional links operate at a fixed data rate using a significant link margin of 10 to 20 dB in order to overcome fog events. In contrast, the link studied in this paper is rate-adaptive, which means the data rate is reduced so that the link remains operational in case of such events. For this reason, we need to rethink the link margin concept. In order to get more insights, first we performed a long-term outdoor trial, measuring both, the visibility and achievable data rate over a period of several months during autumn and winter 2014. Next, visibility was included into the system model based on the measured results. In this way, now it is possible to derive optimized system parameters for different deployment scenarios and over variable distances including fog events. As an example, a 1 Gbps optical wireless link is designed operating over 100 m near the theoretical capacity limit while being robust against variable weather conditions.


Electronic components, the plunger particularly moved by holding the IC, take out the electronic component an electronic component from a supply to and contact device connected to the contact device to the test apparatus, at least one suction head for sucking the electronic component (3) and (23), with a plunger head (2) having a thermal conductor (19), the electronic component (3) to adjust to and adsorb the temperature of the heat transfer member by a fluid in contact with the thermal conductor (19) placing Te. The suction head (23) is disposed within the thermal conductor (19). .FIELD 7


In this paper, we study the properties of

 n

 -polynomial

 ζ

 -preinvex functions and establish some integral inequalities of Hermite-Hadamard type via this class of convex functions. Moreover, we discuss some special cases which provide a significant complement to the integral estimations of preinvex functions. Applications of the obtained results to the inequalities for special means are also considered.


One of the most significant and difficult problems in a mixture study is the selection of the number of components. In this paper, using a Monte Carlo study, we evaluate and compare the performance of several information criteria for selecting the number of components arising from a mixture of Birnbaum-Saunders distributions. In our comparison, we consider information criteria based on likelihood-based statistics and classification likelihood-based statistics. The performance of information criteria is determined based on the success rate in selecting the number of components. In the simulation study, we investigate the effect of degrees of separation, sample sizes, mixing proportions, and true model complexity on the performance of information criteria. Furthermore, we compare the performance of the proposed information criteria under unpenalized and penalized estimation. Finally, we discuss the performance of the proposed information criteria for a real data set.