Background As craving is one of the main problems that affect substance users and their progress during treatment, it was important to investigate personality traits that affect it. Although oxytocin (OT) system is regarded as being of relevance for social interaction, very few studies have investigated the relationship between OT and personality traits in clinical psychiatric populations. Objectives The aim of the work is to assess the personality traits among patients with active opioid dependence in comparison with abstinent patients and healthy controls and to assess the relation of personality traits with the degree of craving and serum OT level. Patients and methods A consecutive sample of 30 opiate-dependent patients who fully meet the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) criteria for opiate dependence and 30 patients fulfilling the DSM-V criteria of opiate dependence with at least 6 months of abstinence were assessed regarding personality traits, serum craving levels, and OT levels using Personality Inventory for DSM-brief form, brief substance craving scale, and immunoassay kit, correspondingly. They were compared with each other and with a sample of 30 healthy controls matching both groups. Results Total personality dysfunction scores were statistically significantly higher in the patient group than the control group (P<0.001) and the abstinent group (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the abstinent group and the control group. A positive correlation was found between craving and total personality dysfunction (P<0.001) as well as each of the five traits [negative affect (P<0.05), detachment (P<0.001), antagonism (P<0.05), disinhibition (P<0.001), and psychoticism (P<0.05)]. Craving levels showed a statistically significant difference between the patient group and the abstinent group (P<0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between the patient group and the control group in serum OT levels (P<0.05). The correlation between personality dysfunction and serum OT level in the patient group was not significant. Conclusion The interaction between personality traits, craving, and serum OT levels should be considered when dealing with opiate-dependent patients as they affect and are affected by opiate dependence. Further studies regarding how to implement this during the patient's treatment should be considered.


Objective To improve the wear resistance performance of 304 stainless steel. Methods A Mo alloying layer was formed on the surface of 304 stainless steel using the double-glow plasma alloying technique. The composition distribution and phase structure of the modified layer were analyzed. The hardness,the cross-section morphology of wear scar and friction,and the wear properties of substrate and Mo alloying layer were compared,respectively. Results The Mo alloying layer prepared was homogeneous and compact,and the thickness of the alloying layer was about 9. 6 μm. The layer mainly consisted of Mo,and the Mo element in the alloying layer showed a gradient distribution from the surface to the underlying substrate. The average surface microhardness value was about 806HV0. 05. Under dry friction conditions,the wear rate of 304 stainless substrate was about 84 times higher relative to that of the Mo alloying layer,leading to significantly improved wear resistance. Conclusion Double-glow plasma molybdenizing technique could effectively improve the anti-wear properties of the 304 stainless steel.


The attenuation coefficient of low‐frequency, deep ocean acoustic waves is computed for various assumptions regarding the depth profile and the frequency dependence of the scatterers. The calculations are made for a realistic velocity profile by means of a perturbation technique proposed by Guthrie [Ph. D. dissertation, The University of Auckland (1975)]. It is shown that excellent agreement with experimental data is obtained when the attenuation function is independent of frequency and decreases exponentially with depth with a characteristic depth of 200 to 500 m. A surface value of 0.11 dB/km gives good agreement with the data. At frequencies below 50 Hz the attenuation in the water column is comparable to the attenuation in the sediments for the lowest order normal modes.


This paper presents a new clustering technique named Chinese Reomi's Algorithm(CR for short), for we're Chinese and Reomi is an English name. Because the CR is very much like the simple k-means mechanism, we take the two for comparison. Further more, we suggest a simple but useful way to estimate the number of clusters. Keywords-Clustering Algorithms, CR Algorithm, the simple k- means Algorithm, number of clusters


A physical model of triple medium is described by considering that both fracture and cavity are connected to well bore in reservoirs with triple medium of matrix, fracture and cavity. A concept of dual-permeability triple medium is proposed and a mathematical model is built. This mathematical model is solved by using the Laplace transform and numerical inversion methods. This model for triple medium fracture-cavity reservoir is helpful to reservoir modeling with existing simulators.


The cable-in-conduit conductors for the ITER TF coils are fabricated using the latest high performance strands. The strands made by bronze and internal-tin methods are used for the conductors with a void fraction of 29% and 33%, respectively. Superconducting performance of the conductors was measured at the operating condition of the TF coils. The measured current sharing temperatures Tcs are 6.3-6.6 K for the bronze and 5.6-6.1 K for the internal-tin. The Tcs of the conductor with void fraction of 29% is 0.1-0.3 K higher than the conductor with a void fraction of 33%. It is shown from the results that the strain on the cable is between 0.7% and 0.75% and the n-values are between 4 and 6, much smaller than the n-values of strands.


The gold(I)‐catalyzed reaction of allyl 2‐en‐4‐ynyl ethers provides stereoselectively (Z)‐1,3,6‐trienes with an acyl substitutent in the 4‐position. The reaction proceeds through an oxygen transfer along the chain and a clean allylic inversion. This complements the preceding work by Gagosz, who obtained furan derivatives in his investigation of similar substrates with terminal alkynyl groups. 10 ,  16 The only drawback of this mechanistically new pathway is the instability of the products under the reaction conditions, which sometimes prevents their isolation in high yields.


The real time calculation of local cloud motion may be useful in aiding the discrimination of small targets from backgrounds by infrared search and track systems. While the apparent motion of clouds in image sequences can be considered to be optical flow, the standard methods of optical flow calculation are not suited to real time calculation of cloud motion. In this paper a method is presented for estimating the local apparent cloud motion based on mathematical morphology operations. The method is illustrated with a 1D analogue of a moving cloud mass. The extension to 2D images is straight forward.


Abstract 1688 Objective: The introduction of several classes of targeted therapeutics for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) raises the question of whether male fertility is affected and the degree of this affection, if any, among the different generations of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. When two drugs are equally effective, the drug with less toxic effect on fertility is favorable. Our aims were to evaluate semen parameters and pituitary gonadal function before and 4 months after starting tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) namely, Dasatinib, Nilotinib, and Imatinib in patients with CML. Design: Prospective study. Setting, Patients, Interventions: We studied the effect of TKIs9 first generation (Imatinib) and second generation ( Dasatinib and nilotinib) on semen parameters, endocrine functions in 20 euogonadal male patients with CML, and capacity to ejaculate, aged from 35 to 51 years. They were receiving either Imatinib, Dasatinib or Nilotinib as upfront therapy. We studied gonadotrophins (LH and FSH) and testosterone (T) secretion and evaluated sperm parameters before and after four months of using these TKIs. Main Outcome Measures and Results: Four months after starting TKIs there were significant decreases in serum testosterone, LH, FSH concentrations. The total sperm count, total and rapid progressive sperm motility, and % sperms with normal morphology decreased significantly versus before treatment. (table 1). After 4 months of therapy, Dasatinib effects on sperm count (SC), volume(SV), all sperm motilities and % of sperms with normal morphology(%NM) were significantly less harmful compared to Imatinib and Nilotinib. (Table 2). Significant correlations were found between serum T concentrations and semen parameters before and after TKIs therapy including SC ( r = 0.658 and r = 0.73 respectively, p Conclusion: Our study suggests that in patients with CML TKIs are associated with significant decrease of sperm parameters and decreased concentrations of serum T, LH, FSH. These potentially toxic effects on spermatogenesis are less prominent in patients treated with Dasatinib compared to Imatinib and Nilotinib. The mechanisms and pathways for these effects need further human and/or experimental studies. Disclosures: Yassin:Hamad medical corporation MRC: Employment, Research Funding. Soliman:Hamad medical corporation MRC: Employment, Research Funding. Elawa:Hamad medical corporation MRC: Employment, Research Funding.


High throughput demands have resulted in enormous increase in complexity of multicast video applications, which require multiple video encoders to simultaneously compress individual views. In this paper, we present an approach to encode independent videos using H.264 intra encoder on a single hardware platform, where the hardware resources are shared by independent encoders in a time-multiplexed manner. In addition to lowering the latency introduced by multicasting, we address the strong sequential data dependencies within the encoder. At 25 frames/s, 150 MHz prototype of the proposed encoder and multiple video capture/display on a mid-range field programmable gate array is also presented.


In this article data are presented from the Amele language and a number of other different Papuan languages to show that in these languages the medial verb form is marked for a binary distinction of realis versus irrealis modality. Furthermore it is demonstrated that in these languages the realis-irrealis distinction interacts with categories of tense and mood marked on the fina! verb in such a way as to divide them into the two basic domains of realis and irrealis modal status. It is also demonstrated for two of the languages (Amele and Nobonob) which have sentence particles with an illocutionary force function that these particles do not interact with the realis-irrealis modal system marked on the medial verb. In the final discussion and conclusion a schema is suggested to account for the facts of future tense, imperative mood and counterfactual mood being categorized as irrealis in these languages. The schema suggests that events can be referred to in the unreal world as either events that are potentially true/false in the real world, or events that used to be true/false in the real world, or events that are not true/false in the real world.


With the advances in early diagnosis and treatment of cancer, prognosis of cancer patients has been improved significantly. Therefore improvement of QOL for cancer patients has become an important issue. Prevention of skeletal related event is one of the major factors to improve QOL in patients with bone metastasis. Since the clinical introduction of zoledronic acid, management of bone lesions has been improved and decreased SRE significantly. The specialists from four disease area which is multiple myeloma, urological cancer, lung cancer and breast cancer have discussed the benefits (and risks?) of the zoledronic acid with the current status of bone management in each cancer.


In a developed country like the United Kingdom (UK), there is a substantial change in the age structure of the population due to the increasing life expectancy. The section of the population that has shown to be the most affected increase is the super elderly (>85 years). As per UK's 2016 mid-year population estimates, super elderly forms 2.1% of the whole population and it is expected that, by mid-2039, more than 1 in 12 of the population is projected to be aged 80 or over [1].


In the current study, thirty adult male albino rats were used to investigate the effect of Ferula assafoetida on carbohydrate metabolism in alloxan-induced diabetes. Rats were divided into three equal groups, control, diabetic non treated and diabetic Ferula assafoetida treated groups. After thirty days of treatment five rats of each group were sacrificed and the others were left without any additional treatment for another 15 days (recovery period) then were sacrificed. Body weight, blood glucose, serum insulin and liver glycogen content levels were determined for each rat at the end of each period. It was noticed that Ferula assafoetida treatment led to a significant improve in hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia, decreased liver glycogen and increased percentage of body weight change caused by alloxan. And this improvement was also seen after the recovery period. Ferula assafoetida treatment led also to marked improvement in the histopathological degenerative changes in the β cells of islets of Langerhans caused by alloxan after both the treated and recovery periods.


Data of cores and well logs are integrated to study sedimentary microfacies characteristics of Neogene Minghuazhen Formation in the Ⅰ-1 Fault-Block of Gangxi development area in Huanghua basin. The results show that Minghuazhen Formation is the deposits of a medium- to high-sinuosity meandering river sedimentary system, in which main channel,distributary channel,interfluvial overbank,abandoned channel and flood plains could further be distinguished and mapped. The different microfacies units could be corresponded to obvious well log features. Based on the planar distribution characteristics of sedimentary microfacies,two depositional models of high and low accommodation systems stages could be constructed for Minghuazhen Formation. For the high accommodation systems stage,isolated ribbon channel sandstones are sparsely distributed in a large area of flood plains mainly composed of fine sediments,which leads to separation of channel sandstones by interfluvial mudstones. In contrast,for the low accommodation systems stage,multi-storey channel sandstones are truncated and overlaid, which results in the large thickness and good continuity. In the vertical direction,the different stacking patterns of channel sandstones reflect controlling of cyclic changes of A / S ratio over time.


Tumor‐related angiogenesis is likely to be a potential target for the treatment of cancer. One key to develop this angiostatic strategy would be to find useful angiogenesis inhibitors. Here we report the effects of radicicol, a microbial angiogenesis inhibitor that we previously identified using the chorioallantoic membrane assay, and its novel analog, 14,16‐dipalmitoyl‐radicicol, on tumor angiogenesis and growth. As expected for agents containing a penolic hydroxyl group, systemic administration of radicicol had little or no effect on neovascularization triggered by a M5076 mouse tumor cell line or a RMT‐1 rat mammary carcinoma cell line established from autochthonous rat mammary tumors induced by 7,12‐dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in a mouse dorsal air sac assay system. The agent did not show growth‐inhibitory activity against either transplantable M5076 tumors or autochthonous 7,12‐dimethylbenz[a]anthracene‐induced rat mammary tumors. In contrast, 14,16‐dipalmitoyl‐radicicol potently suppressed tumor angiogenesis and growth in these experimental models. Furthermore, the analog significantly prolonged the survival rate of M5076‐implanted mice. Although not stronger than radicicol, it dose‐dependently inhibited embryonic angiogenesis in the chorioallantoic membrane assay, the dose required for half‐maximal inhibition (ID50) value being 23 µg (27 nmol) per egg, and showed concentration‐dependent antiproliferative activity against microvascular endothelial cells in vitro. These data suggest that 14,16‐dipalmitoyl‐radicicol is a promising antitumor agent with antiangiogenic activity. (Cancer Sci 2007; 98: 219–225)


In the deuteron magnetic resonance of water in the dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine-D 2 O system, a weak doublet spectrum having a splitting of 1.1±0.1 kHz was observed separately from the signals of all other water molecules in the liquid crystalline phase. This spectrum was ascribed to water molecules bound tightly to the phosphate group of the lipid (the water in the first hydration shell). The theoretical calculations for the splitting were carried out on the basis that the tightly bound water molecules reorient as a whole around the bilayer normal together with the head group of the lipid molecule and undergo rapid exchange between the hydration sites in the first shell. The calculated value of the splitting is in good agreement with the experimental value.


The utility model provides a chair with a folding tea table, which comprises a seat, a backrest and a tea table board which is embedded on the backrest and flexibly connected with the backrest. The tea table board arranged on the backrest can be folded or unfolded when used, therefore the chair and the tea table is combined very conveniently, providing great convenience for people.


We study dependence on a parameter of exponential attractors. As known, exponetial attractors are not uniquely determined from a dissipative dynamical system even if they exist. But we prove in this paper that one can construct an exponential attractor which depends continuously on a parameter in the dynamical system. This result is then applied to the chemotaxis-growth system.


This paper explores the entangled dynamics of de-politicization and re-politicization in the midst of the "Greek debt crisis." Critically revisiting Jacques Rancière's political writings, it argues that, despite common criticisms to the contrary, his oeuvre foregrounds the impurity of democratic politics. Rancière, the paper contends, offers critical heuristic tools in understanding and engaging with how processes of post-democratization and democratic politics intersect, become entangled, and are mutually constituted. Simultaneously, however, it also challenges Rancière's almost exclusive emphasis on political subjectification to argue for a plural understanding of the modalities and spatialities of democratic politics. Reading the politics of the "Greek debt crisis" through this lens, the paper unpacks how post-democratization has unfolded through an uneven and contested geography articulated at multiple scales. In parallel, it also maps the diverse and impure modalities of democratic politics in crisis-ridden Greece: from the staging of disagreement through the 2011 squares movement to the articulation of everyday commoning and solidarity movements to SYRIZA's meteoric rise to power. In so doing, the paper demonstrates how post-democratization and democratic politics are being shaped in constant relationship and tension.


Objective To evaluate the effect of tonsillectomy in renal survival of patients with IgA nephropathy by meta-analysis. Methods A review of six published literatures was conducted according to defined selection criteria by the Review Manager 4.2 statistical software.Results The heterogeneity of data collection showed χ2=21.99,P=0.773(0.05),which indicated that these studies about the effect of tonsillectomy in renal survival of patients with IgA nephropathy were homogeneous and could be combined.The test for overall effect showed Z=3.29 and P=0.001,so the fixed effect mode was used.Overall OR=0.46,and its 95% confidence interval was 0.29 to 0.73.The rhombus locates in the left of vertical line in forest figure.Conclusions The tonsillectomy of patients with IgA nephropathy can improve the renal survival.However,the indications and contraindications of tonsillectomy should be taken into consideration.


The Raman spectra of YBa2 Cu3 O7–δ superconducting thin film deposited on Inconel with a TiN buffer layer by a laser ablation technique are reported. The results indicate that the film is fully oxygenated, homogeneous and polycrystalline and has a preferred orientation along the c-axis. No evidence of interdiffusion between the film and the substrate was found. Unusual photoinduced changes in the Raman spectra were observed by varying the incident cw Ar+ (514.5 nm) laser power densities between 50 to 250 ± 5 W mm−2. The increase in the intensity ratios of the out-of-phase and in-phase c-axis bending vibrations of O(2)—O(3) oxygen atoms to that of the axial symmetric stretching vibration of bridging oxygen O(4) (i.e. I337/I503 and /I445/I503) and the decrease in the full-width at half-maximum intensity (FWHM) of the out-of-phase, c-axis bending vibration (337 cm−1) can be attributed to the improvement in the crystallinity of the film due to oxygen ordering in the CuO2 planes induced by laser irradiation.


Low nutrient availability often constrains the growth of young trees following planting to fields or forests. Nutrient loading of young tree seedlings increases their growth in outplanting. Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and white pine (Pinus strobus L.) were grown for one year on nutrient-loading regimes that varied from 13 to 410 mg N L−1 in sand culture. Other nutrients varied in proportion to the nitrogen (N) concentrations. Resulting plant growth showed that an array of nutritional regimes from deficient to excessive was applied. The young plants were transplanted into containers of sandy loam and were grown for one year without fertilization. Growth of each species increased with enhanced nutrient loading. The optimum concentration of N for nutrient loading was about 1.5 to 1.8% leaf dry weight for either species. Nutrient loading during nursery culture imparts transplants with nutrient levels that will enable growth for at least a year after outplanting.


Purpose of this document The purpose of this ATBD is to give an outline of the GOMOS one-step retrieval algorithm. In addition, this document discusses the differences between the one-step and the two-step approaches, and the role of priors in the algorithm. This document is created in the framework of the ALGOM (GOMOS Level 2 algorithm evolution studies) project funded by the European Space Agency. This document will be distributed along with GOMOS One-step UTLS ozone dataset.


Seventeen children with Erb's (C5/6 and C5/6/7 types) obstetric brachial plexus palsy who underwent low rotation humeral osteotomy to treat internal rotation contracture of the shoulder were recalled back to the clinic at a mean of 10 (range 8–14) years after surgery. Eight were male and nine female with mean age of 16 (range 13–20) years. The osteotomy procedure was done at a mean age of 6 (range 5–8) years. Preoperative, early postoperative, and late postoperative motor assessments were compared. There was no recurrence of the internal rotation posturing of the shoulder and there was maintenance of the improvements in elbow extension deficit and forearm rotation. The most surprising finding was a significant (P = 0.003) decrease in shoulder abduction on long-term follow-up (the mean shoulder abduction was 135 °, 146° and 109° measured pre-, early post- and late postoperatively, respectively). There was no correlation between changes in shoulder abduction and the radiological score of the shoulder.


The steam turbine control and interlock protection,the composition of system,the work principle and realization method,how to realize the set of steam turbine and compressor full automatically start,safe and dependable interlock protection and regulate automatically in the speed scope by the interaction of each system are introduced.


As far back as the sixties, automatic data processing techniques for diagnosis aiding have been applied to psychiatry, while artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have been used to realise about ten expert systems for about fifteen years. Beside, actual psychiatry strives towards the rationalization of the diagnostic process as well as the definition of a medical language common to a majority of psychiatrists. Through a wide spectrum of realizations, this study aims at showing the importance of computers in this research.


It will seem absurd to imagine a world of device which is completely running by brain power, well not really, on going researches in this field has led to devastating successes. The mission is to create and adapt methods of human–computer interaction that will allow BCI technologies to effectively control real-world applications. Most of the existing BCI applications were designed largely for training and demonstration purposes. Our goal is to show ways of transitioning BCI control skills learned in training to real-world scenarios. This paper explores some of the problems and challenges of combining BCI outputs with human–computer interface paradigms in order to achieve optimal interaction. We utilize a variety of application domains to compare and validate BCI interactions, including communication, environmental control, neural prosthetics, and creative expression. The goal of this research is to improve quality of life for those with severe disabilities.


Several linguists and philosophers have argued that natural language-predicates are Davidsonian in that they have an extra argument position for eventualities. In what follows, we explore the idea that the Dutch particle eens and its German counterpart mal are overt manifestations of this Davidsonian argument.


Collisionless ion collection by a negatively biased stationary spherical probe in a finite shielding length plasma is investigated using the Particle in Cell code SCEPTIC, in the presence of a weak magnetic field B. The overall effect of the magnetic field is to reduce the ion current, linearly in |B| for weak enough fields, with a slope steepness increasing with the electron Debye length. The angular current distribution and space-charge buildup strongly depend on the focusing properties of the probe, hence on its potential and the plasma shielding length. In particular, it is found that the concavity of the ion collection flux distribution can reverse sign when the electron Debye length is comparable to or larger than the probe radius (λDe ≳ rp), provided the ion temperature is much lower than the probe bias (Ti ≪ −ZeVp).


LK is a 68-year-old female veteran with oxygen-dependent chronic bronchitis who presented to the VA medical center after a ground-level fall. There was head, neck, and left chest pain on arrival and severe hypoxia with room air saturation of 73 % . Her oxygenation improved with supplementation with oxygen via nasal cannula. She underwent a traumatic work-up that demonstrated a comminuted cervical odontoid fracture, a sternal fracture, and left-sided third and fourth rib fractures. During the evaluation, her saturations declined, and an ABG demonstrated critical hypercapnia. Non-invasive ventilation (BiPAP) was initiated. On admission to the ICU, she declined further, became unresponsive, and required emergent intubation. Her son was contacted, who consented to intubation as a life-saving measure. She subsequently suffered a rapid decline with worsening oxygenation requiring increased positive end-expiratory pressure and oxygen concentration. She experienced severe hemodynamic instability requiring high-dose vasopressors.


Acute and subacute toxicity screening of novel entrants in the stream of polyherbal formulations opens new doors towards the scienti ic approach of establishing them in the clinical market. Toxicity pro iling asserts the humongous pharmacological potential that the natural herbs hold and establishes their safety pro ile. To exemplify this statement, this study further deals with acute and subacute toxicity studies of an olive oil-based polyherbal combination (PHC). This combination has been developed with the view that it proves to be clinically effective in diabetic cardiomyopathy and neuropathy. However, until now, the acute and subacute toxicity studies have been done on thedevelopedPHC, and experimentally effective dose combinations havebeen identi ied. The follow-up part of this research includes the screening of the PHCagainst speci ic in vivo screeningmodels in its initial stages. This research paper strictly summarises the acute and subacute pro ile of the salubrious polyherbal combination. Three herbs with strong literature backgroundwere selected: Tinospora cordifolia, Withania somnifera and Boerrhavia diffusa; and their crude extracts were prepared. The reported ED50 values of each of these plants were selected and mixed in 5 different combinations and subjected to Acute Toxicity studies. It was followed by the 28-days subacute toxicity screening of 9 different combinations that were elucidated from the acute toxicity study results. The indings were supported with recovery group studies to conform to any late toxicity symptoms of the polyherbal combination. The indings of this study helped in reaching some pathbreaking conclusions on the polyherbal combination designed.


A method of inhibiting the ethylene response in a plant or plant product comprising the steps of contacting the plant or plant product with a composition comprising a compound prepared by reacting, in an inert atmosphere, metal amide salt and carbene halogenated, optionally in the presence of a nonreactive solvent, the compound having the following structure wherein n is 4 and R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1 to C10 saturated or unsaturated, hydroxyl, halogen, C1 to C10, amino, and carboxy, subject to the proviso that at least one R is C5 to C10 alkyl or C5 to C10 alkoxy, and wherein the composition is substantially free of methylenecyclopropane, methylcyclopropanes and butanes.


To assess the clinical results of the remnant‐preserving and I.D.E.A.L. femoral tunnel technique in the arthroscopic treatment of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries.


The ionic conductance, Gt, through the isolated human amnion is the sum of several conductances: Gt = Gp + Gc + Gs. Gp, the paracellular conductance is: Gp = Gj + Gjc (Gj is due to the intercellular channel and Gjc due to the electrical coupling factor); Gc, the cellular conductance is: Gc = Gc1. Gc2/Gc1 + Gc2 with Gc1 = GAC + GAC1 and Gc2 = GM + GM1, GAC and GM being the dependent conductances on amniotic cavity (AC) and maternal (M) sides; GAC1 and GM1 being the leak conductances on AC and M. Gp and Gc are due to epithelial cell layer and Gs (conductance in a series) is due to the other layers. The utilization of metabolic inhibitors (ouabain, amiloride, DNP) allows one to split up Gt into various components. In this study, the action of magnesium and taurine (TA) was studied on the various conductances in Hanks' solution modified by metabolic inhibitors. In Hanks' solution: + ouabain, Mg and TA increased GAC1 and GM1; - + amiloride, Mg increased GAC and GM but TA had no effect; - + ouabain + amiloride, Mg and TA increased GK. In this way, Mg appears to have an action on the ATPase and on the regulation of the Na+ and K+ channels, but TA has no effect on the ATPase but TA appears to govern the viability of the Na+ and K+ channels. Moreover, TA and Mg have a compensatory effect on GAC1, GM1 and Gjc in Hanks' solution, but their actions are not cumulative.


Living to serve has long been a central principle in agricultural education. From painting numbers on rural mail boxes to packaging meals for the homeless, we have a deep commitment to service. While serving school, community, and the agricultural industry is commendable, we need to be purposefully tuned in to the learning from service that should occur for students of agricultural education. Service learning is a great way to meet both the service and learning goals of our programs.Agricultural education is an excellent platform to provide service-oriented projects for students, but not all service learning experiences are created equal. Celio, Durlak, and Dymnicki, (2011) identified the following as student gains from service learning:1.Positive attitude toward self2.Positive attitudes toward school and learning3.Increased civic engagement4.Social skill development5.Increased academic performance.To achieve the outcomes, service learning must be planned and executed well by the agriculture teacher.Most FFA advisors around the country include some type of community service activity into the Program of Activities (POA) for their local FFA chapter. This POA then transfers into the National Chapter application that can be submitted in order to receive national recognition and a star rating. Some FFA advisors have mastered the art of implementing the "three-component model" (National FFA Organization, 2016), making FFA a critical component of the agricultural education classroom as a whole. The agricultural education model allows for the easy implementation of service learning; however, some agriculture programs fall short in both the planning and execution of the learning event, failing to achieve the desired results. The correct implementation of "service-learning is the result of collaboration between community, educational institution, and learner to engage and produce mutual outcome" (Kalles & Ryan, 2015, p. 134).Service learning can be a great vehicle to connect the school with the community, but only when the learning is intentionally designed (Kalles & Ryan, 2015). By intentionally designing the learning experience, the student and community can both benefit. The question is, how do we design the experience? Kalles and Ryan (2015) identified the three major components of a service-learning experience as the community, partnership, and reflection. The piece most often overlooked is reflection, one of the identifying characteristics of experiential learning. Kolb's experiential learning cycle, as discussed in Petkus (2000), provides a powerful framework for service learning by including the following: concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization, and active experimentation (Petkus, 2000).Positive attitude toward selfKolb's reflection component in the experiential learning cycle is what makes this attitude shift a reality. Students experience the actual event and then reflect upon that event in order to make meaning of what happened. This reflection allows for a positive attitude shift, which leads to increased academic performance. When students experience higher self-efficacy and self-esteem, they perform better in an academic setting (Schunk, 1991).Positive attitudes toward school and learningMaking connections between the classroom and the real world can help students see the value in learning and provide a boost for their attitude toward school and learning. Learning becomes useful in successful service learning programs, creating a more favorable attitude toward learning in general. Real-world application of what they have learned can demonstrate the true value of education in their lives.Increased civic engagementOne goal educators share is to provide students with the background to function in society. Part of that is supporting citizenship, which means being an active part of the community. …


Method of operating a semiconductor device comprising the steps of performing an erase operation for a plurality of memory cells; Back-tunneling step of injecting electrons into the storage node from the gate electrode of the selected memory cell of the plurality of memory cells; And a program step of injecting electrons into the storage node from the channel layer of the selected memory cell.


BACKGROUND: Differences in health communication may influence racial/ethnic disparities in health status. It is unclear whether sources of health information are associated with behaviors such as diet, exercise, and cancer screening and if such associations vary by race/ ethnicity. METHODS: We utilized the 2005 Health Information National Trends Survey(HINTS), a cross-sectional,nationally representative surveyofnon-institutionalized U.S. adults, to assess the relationship of general health information sources (e.g., print media (newspaper/magazine), television (TV), and internet) and social networks (e.g., friends/family, community organizations) to cancer screening and other health behaviors (five daily fruit/vegetable servings, exercise 30 min/day five days weekly, and non- smoking). We then assessed whether these associations varied by partic-ipantrace/ethnicity.Weutilizednationally published recommendationsto classify respondents as meeting/not meeting guidelines for each health behavior and as users/non-users for each information source. Multivar- iable logistic regression models for each behavior were adjusted for other information sources as well as age, race/ethnicity, gender, education, income, cancer history, and general health status, using weights to account for the complex sampling design. Interaction terms were used to evaluate racial/ethnic variation in the observed associations. RESULTS: The 2005 HINTS had 5586 respondents (representing approximately 216 million adults) who were 52% female, 66% Non-Hispanic White, 12% Hispanic, and 10% Non-Hispanic Black. Friends and family were the most frequent sources of health information (76%) compared to TV (70%), print media (60%), internet (39%), and community organizations (23%). Only 6% met recommendations for diet, 24% for exercise, and 78% were non-smokers. The majority of eligible respondents received age-appropriate mammography (84%) and pap tests (93%); however, only 49% of eligible respondents received age- appropriate colonoscopy.


Looks briefly at theories underlying the correlation between company performance and executive compensation, develops a mathematical model and applies it to results which show a significant positive link between the highest paid director's compensation and total shareholder returns, but not with earnings per share. Considers consistency with other research, notes the influence of company size on executive pay and calls for further research on this important issue of corporate governance.


In this paper review of existing literature in the field of software reliability models based on machine learning techniques presented. Software reliability is very useful tool in determining the software quality. By using machine learning techniques for getting unhidden parameters affecting software fault prediction for exploring various parameters leading to obsoleteness of software by presenting category of papers of software reliability, software fault prediction, software trustworthiness, software reusability, using machine learning techniques based on statistical inferences which could predict useful pattern on hidden data of faulty software database of empirical datasets related to software testing. After studying plenary relevant papers on faults generated during fault removal, faults already present, we proposed a novel approach based on identifying most relevant parameter affecting the software reliability using Machine Learning Techniques.


The current world crisis of COVID-19 has enforced international lockdowns in educational institutions, necessitating that these institutions quickly transition to online learning. In mathematics education studies, where collaborative problem-solving is considered a necessary pedagogical approach, lecturers have had challenges incorporating collaborative problem-solving in an authentic manner. There are now also complex living and learning contexts in which the students have to undertake their learning processes. This paper examines students' experiences of the rapid transition to online learning and their perceptions of the advantages and barriers that ensued. A small comparative case study was used to explore the complexity of the situation, within rich, authentic settings. Questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were used. The participants found that personal circumstances related to having children and partners at home while they studied, and aspects such as not interacting directly with other students to clarify and mediate their thinking, led to major initial frustrations with collaborating. While some of these continued throughout lockdown they did adjust and recognize that the advantages, such as a mix of formal and informal digital pedagogical media, gave them greater flexibility and led to deeper reflective thinking. We contend that some elements related to the adaptions made should become permanent features of face-to-face learning.


Refractory gold ore was defined,and the reasons for their intractable and their corresponding countermeasures were outlined.The pre-treatment methods before leaching gold by cyanide such as oxidation roasting,hot oxidation,biological oxidation,chemical oxidation were reviewed and compared.The non-cyanide leaching agents such as halogen,thiourea,thiosulfate,etc.,and their mechanism of dipping gold and the advantages and disadvantages were commentated.


ABSTRACT The researchers studied the correlation of Haptoglobin (HP) and Group-specific Component (GC) plasma protein biomarkers in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and non-CKD controls using discontinuous-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The results showed a significant difference between the CKD and control clusters of 2-2 variants for HP (p=0.0036) and GC (p= 0.0033). The current research indicates 2-2 phenotype is an independent risk determinant for CKD, while risk analysis reports odds value >1 for both protein polymorphisms signifying an effective risk towards CKD. The multifactor dimensional reduction analysis also detailed HP and GC markers have a strengthening and stronger association and are causative for CKD development. Collectively, the findings signify a potential risk of plasma HP and GC polymorphisms being susceptible to CKD and their key role in the deterioration of kidney functions.


During the combustion period of an internal combustion engine,rotating flow or swirl can considerably increase the intensity of turbulence of the air-fuel mixture. This, in turn, can lead to increase in thermal efficiency. By varying the connecting rod length, swirl can be varied. Meaningful curves for swirl ratio are obtained by running cold flow simulations in ANSYS FLUENT for different connecting rod lengths and for different engine speeds (high and low). Dynamic air motion is visualized and velocity magnitude is plotted for thedifferent crank angle from 0° to 720° for the ANSYS IC Engine module. Finally, swirl ratios obtained for different lengths of connecting rods for an engine speed are compared.


We compute the quadrupole mode of the gravitational waveform of inspiralling compact binaries at the third and half-post-Newtonian (3.5PN) approximation of general relativity. The computation is performed using the multipolar post-Newtonian formalism, and restricted to binaries without spins moving on quasi-circular orbits. The new inputs mainly include the 3.5PN terms in the mass quadrupole moment of the source, and the control of required subdominant corrections to the contributions of hereditary integrals (tails and nonlinear memory effect). The result is given in the form of the quadrupolar mode (2, 2) in a spin-weighted spherical harmonic decomposition of the waveform, and may be used for comparison with the counterpart quantity computed in numerical relativity. It is a step towards the computation of the full 3.5PN waveform, whose knowledge is expected to reduce the errors on the location parameters of the source.


OMAR, or organic magnetoresistance, is a recently discovered organic spintronic e ect in non-magnetic organic materials. The e ect is observed in OLED devices, where a semiconducting, organic material is sandwiched between two metal electrodes. On applying an external magnetic eld of only 10 mT, these devices show changes in current up to ∼10 % at room temperature. All contemporary models trying to explain OMAR are based on the interactions of spin pairs, although there is no consensus on the exact origin. In this thesis the interactions of these spin pairs are investigated, by experimentally studying two recently discovered, but up to now unexplained properties of OMAR, namely a small dependence of the magnetoresistance on the angle between the eld and the sample, and a magnetoresistive e ect at large applied elds (> 100 mT) in the photocurrent. By studying these phenomena more insight is gained in the spin dependent interactions governing OMAR. To compare the experiments to the theoretical models, a simple master equation is introduced to the eld, capable of describing interactions of various types of spin pairs. OMAR curves are successfully reproduced in the calculations, and various spin interactions are added to the di erent models. Experiments on the angle dependence of OMAR show that this angle dependence is an intrinsic e ect in the magnetoresistance. Calculations show that the e ect can be explained by an anisotropic dipole coupling of polaron pairs, or anisotropic hyper ne interactions in the organic material. Suggestions are made for future experiments to clarify the exact mechanism, though it has been shown that spin-spin interactions are a prerequisite to observe an angle dependence in OMAR. The experiments on the high eld e ect of the photocurrent show either a positive or negative contribution to the magnetoresistance at large applied elds, depending on the applied bias voltage. The negative contribution is attributed to the detrapping of polarons by triplet excitons. The origin of the positive e ect, which is shown to be strongly correlated to the magnetoresistance in small applied elds, has not been explained, although many mechanisms suggested in literature are excluded. Finally, predictions are made on OMAR with correlated spins. It is shown how a polarization of the charge carriers changes the response of the current on the applied magnetic eld in the bipolaron model. The results can be used in experiments, where OMAR is studied on injecting a spin polarized current.


The titles of the romances and epics of medieval German literature only date, for the most part, from recent times. My research work has been centered on the use of titles in the literature of the middle ages, that is to say the first titles attributed by the authors themselves, but also the other textual devices which played a substitute role for the title. The influence of Latin and the development of a culture based on the written word resulted in a increasing number of titles, but which only became definitively established with the advent of printing.


We have developed and practiced Judo exercise aimed at the prevention of falls and dementia. In the beginning, we have introduced "Ju-no-Kata" into practice. But have noted that it is rather difficult to learn and is not rhythmical in nature. In addition, it is considered to be rather far from conventional "Judo" from many points of view. Our newly developed "Judo exercise" includes a "slow core exercise" for warming up and cooling down. "Judo throwing techniques", such as "Seoi-nage", "O-goshi", "Osoto-gari", "Uchimata", and "Ashi-barai" are compiled as exercises. We have also developed a new type of "Ran-dori" which is based on previously agreed upon motions. Judo exercise will train gluteus maximus, quadriceps, and psoas major muscles. These muscles are very important for stable walking. Key words; Judo Exercise, Prevention of Falls and Dementia, Judo throwing techniques, a new type of "Ran-dori" * 国士舘大学(Kokushikan University) ** 学校講道館(Kodokan Judo Institute) *** 株式会社 アドバンス(Advance Corp) **** KRI 総合研究所(KRI Research Center) 研 究


The present study minimizes the number of layers of wing shaped plates fabricated by laminated composite (CFRP) under aeroelastic constraint which keeps stable flutter speed. The finite element analysis (FEA) for the aeroelastic characteristics requires considerable calculation effort. Therefore, the response surface method (RSM) is utilized to reduce the computational time for optimization where an approximate expression uses bending rigidity of composite plates as input and flutter speed as output. Then, distributed genetic algorithm (DGA) is employed as an optimizer and minimizes numbers of layers of composite plates by designing fiber orientation angles. The optimum wing model shows large amount of weight reduction and enough flutter speed in less computational time than without RSM.


The goal of the article, it is derivate and prove and improve acceptable current mainstream theories by the performance of dimension change in closed system. Finally it achieves a united theory to explain everything of world. The description from chapter one to chapter three: In the process of the close derivation from concept and logic to element and dimension, and with the projection of relativity 5-D (point is 1-D, line is 2-D, point and line 3-D, plane is 4-D, cube body is 5-D), it derives Square and Circle and Inclination and Ellipse these four constants. And it expressed how to realize Space and Time and Substance and Living Creature and Intelligence. In chapter four, it explains 1-D expression of number by the dimensional structure of Fibonacci number. In chapter five, it explains how to express digit in image by the projection of microscopic substance on plane (Nuclear Fusion).


The present research project studies the application of software algorithms for detecting object proposals in digital images based on their graphical characteristics. The fast generation of accurate object proposals is widely seen as a promising solution to the efficiency problems of heavy classification and object recognition algorithms, which require long time and huge computational power when applied on entire images. Instead, object detection proposals (ODPs) with smaller sizes and focused content are an optimum alternative for such classification algorithms. This report provides a systematic review and bench-marking of the state-of-the-art ODP algorithms. It further introduces a novel algorithm "Smart-Superpixels", specifically developed for the purpose of airborne fungal spores' detection in microscopic images. The bench-marking considers several qualitative and quantitative criteria regarding the algorithms speed, spatial efficiency, recall accuracy, localization precision and redundancy. The bench-marking results show that the introduced algorithm: Smart-Superpixels has the highest overall performance with its fast operation, relatively high spatial efficiency, high recall accuracy and localization precision, as well as low redundancy.


ABSTRACTThere is no gainsaying the fact that the "moral" problems associated with corruption in Nigeria are the cause of poverty and hunger in the country. Political and economic inequality have be ...


Objective To investigate virtual surgery of the restitution of penis in a 3D virtual environment. To formulate quantify of preoperative operation planning and to objective evaluate of curative effect after operation. Methods three-dimensional computer reconstructions of the adult penis and adjacent structure were generated and the reconstructive virtual surgery of penis were operated on Intel Pentium IV computer. Results In a 3D virtual environment,the plastic and reconstructive virtual surgery of adult penis were simulated and quantify operating plan were formulated. Conclusions The research can provide a new method of the virtual surgery in the plastic and reconstructive of adult penis,such as quantify operating design,selecting the best operative route and curative effecting evaluation after operation.It can provide a new means,for example the plastic surgery teaching training,more subjects consultation and long range interview.


Introduction Dicesium dodecahydro-closo-dodecaborate, Cs2B12H12, is the heavy cousin of the lighter alkali-metal dodecahydro-closododecaborates (e.g., Li2B12H12 and Na2B12H12), which have particular importance in current hydrogen-storage research, as they are known to be intermediates in the dehydrogenation of the corresponding alkali-metal tetraborohydrides. These compounds are ionically bonded salts comprised of alkali-metal cations and dodecahydrocloso-dodecaborate (i.e., B12H122-) icosahedral anions. Fundamental information concerning B12H12 2bonding potentials and dynamics, which are largely unknown, may provide valuable insights for understanding their stability and reactivity. Recent H and B NMR spectroscopy results suggest that the B12H12 2anions in the alkali-metal salts undergo rapid reorientational motions, with the motional frequency at a given temperature increasing as the cation radius and unit-cell dimensions increase. In order to explore the details of the anion motions, we have investigated the dynamics of B12H12 2anions by neutron scattering techniques. To observe anion dynamics at reasonably low temperatures, we chose Cs2B12H12, the salt with the largest alkalimetal cation (and hence the largest lattice constant). We have probed both the B12H12 2reorientational dynamics by quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) and the torsional and translational vibrational modes by neutron vibrational spectroscopy (NVS). In isolation, the B12H12 2anion is a regular icosahedron but is susceptible to symmetry breaking by its environment. Cs2B12H12 crystallizes in the cubic space group Fm-3. No phase transition was observed with DSC measurements over the temperature range of 123 K to 673 K. Experimental All measurements were performed at the NIST Center for Neutron Research. The QENS measurements were performed on the High Flux Backscattering Spectrometer (HFBS) with an incident neutron wavelength of 6.27 Å, momentum transfer (Q) over a range of 0.2 Å to 1.75 Å, and a resolution of 0.83 μeV in most detectors. The quasielastic spectra were reduced and analyzed using the DAVE software package. The vibrational density of states (VDOS) at 4 K was collected in neutron energy loss on the Filter Analyzer Spectrometer (FANS) and the VDOS at 100 K and higher were collected on the Disc Chopper Spectrometer (DCS).


A method and system for performing an inter-domain handover of a communication path from a first network domain to a second network domain, the methods and systems inter-domain handover is initiated by the mobile device. Mobile device, resource request and / or authentication request to the transmission to the first network domain, first to obtain information about the availability of communication resources at the second network domain for handling the communication path to instruct the network domain. The second network domain may inquire whether the availability of sufficient communication resources at the second network domain. In response, the mobile device indicates whether the communication resources at the second network domain is available, receiving a resource response and / or authentication response indicating whether the mobile device has been successfully authenticated. Thereafter, inter-domain handover of a communication path from a first network domain to the second network domain is initiated by the mobile device.


Background: The objective of this study was to determine the success rate of adrenal vein aldosterone sampling(AVS) on patients with documented primary hyperaldosteronism. Methods: From October, 2005 to April, 2011 forty cases of adrenal vein aldosterone sampling were reviewed for success in accessing the adrenal veins. Blood was obtained from both adrenal veins and the inferior vena cava (IVC). The concentrations of aldosterone and cortisol were then measured. AVS was considered successful if the plasma level of cortisol in the adrenal vein was more than 10 times higher than that in the IVC (Funder et al, 2008). Results: A total of 40 cases were reviewed with 18 (45%) cases being successful in accessing both adrenal veins. Twenty-two (55%) of the cases had adrenal adenomas. Within the 18 successful cases 5(12.5%) had the AVS repeated. Nine (50%) of the successful cases went on to have an adrenalectomy. There was 1 successful case that had a complication of bleeding into the right adrenal gland. The success rate of the two designated interventional radiologists was 61% and 20%. Conclusions: On the basis of CT results alone 22 (55%) of the subjects would have been candidates for an adrenalectomy. Although the success rate for AVS was 45%, this success rate resulted in 18% of the subjects not inappropriately undergoing surgical intervention to treat their primary hyperaldosteronism. Although the overall success rate is less than 50%, the complication rate was low (2.5%). The skill of the interventional radiologist is key to successful AVS. References:Funder JW, Carey RM, Fardella C, Gomea-Sanchez CE, Mantero F, Stowasser M,Young Jr. WF, Montori V. Case detection, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with primary aldosteronism: an endocrine society practice guideline. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2008; 93:9:3266-3281.Mattsson C & Young Jr. WM. Primary aldosteronism: diagnostic and treatment strategies. Nature Clinical Practice Nephrology 2006;2:4:198-208.Rossi GP, Pessina AC, Heagerty AM. Primary aldosteronism: an update on screening, diagnosis and treatment. Journal of Hypertension 2008;26:4:613-621.Stewart PM & Allolio B. Adrenal vein sampling for primary Aldosteronism: time for a reality check. Clinical Endocrinology 2010;72:146-148.Young Jr. WF, Stanson AW, Thompson GB, Grant CS, Farley DR, van Heerden JA. Role for adrenal venous sampling in primary aldosteronism. Surgery 2004;136:6:1227-1235.Young Jr. WF & Stanson AW. What are the keys to successful adrenal venous sampling (AVS) in patients with primary aldosteronism? Clinical Endocrinology 2009;70:14-17.


Barchans are crescent‐shaped dunes that form under unidirectional wind in areas of limited sand supply. The recent development of flume experiments and computer simulations has renewed interest in the interaction dynamics of two or more barchans. From the flume experiment, four distinguishable types of collision patterns between two barchans have been observed: coalescence, ejection, split and reorganization. We have proposed a simple cellular model for numerical simulations of dune dynamics, in which saltation and avalanche are elementary processes. In the present paper, we first describe the model in detail. The model reproduces three types of collision patterns: coalescence, ejection, and reorganization. The largest reason for a split pattern not to occur is the lack of an effect of the flow separation at the brink line of dunes and the recirculation bubble that it produces. We then model the effect of the recirculation bubble by assuming that strong erosion occurs at the reattachment point of the separation flow. The strong‐erosion model successfully reproduces all the collision patterns. Thus, three elementary processes – saltation, avalanche and strong‐erosion – are sufficient for a phenomenological description of the interaction dynamics of aqueous barchans. It is also shown that the type of collision is determined by competition between the filling‐up of the interdune between two barchans and the change in height of each dune. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This paper presents the set of MATLAB demonstrations dedicated to teaching characteristics of Rayleigh random variable, which is important in wireless communication systems, radars, data science, and vibrations, among others. This educational tool is created as a complementary teaching tool in the online classes, during the COVID-19 pandemic, with the aim to help students to better understand the behavior and characteristics of this random variable. The Demo tool consists of three sets of demonstrations:  Description, Parameters and Relation with Other Random Variables, Operations on Rayleigh Random Variable, and Generalization. The demo is made in MATLAB and utilizes all benefits provided by MATLAB, such as simplicity, good graphic environment, and interactive use, among others. Additionally, this demo is used with other demo programs, also made in MATLAB, in teaching/learning process of random variables. Students were very satisfied with this demo tool expressing that helped them understanding better the behavior, and characteristics of the Rayleigh random variable.


The dynamics of the green space in urban areas are key components for the urban environment monitoring options and of the urban planning strategies. In the European Union, specific regulations provide the quantitative measures for green space areas necessary for each inhabitant of a city. To assess the situation in the case of Bucharest, we used the multitemporal analysis of remotely sensed imagery based on Landsat archive available. This enabled us to characterize the possibility to monitor and assess the changes in the vegetation cover over a quarter of a century, and raised a series of issues based on the remote sensing observations and image processing. The quantitative assessment of the green spaces is further developed into proposals related to the green space provisions in urban planning, but also revisions of the quantitative measures used in regulations.


In this paper, we suggest an approach to recovering behavior-related, preference-choice network information from observational data. We model the process as a self-organized behavior based random exponential network-graph system. To address the unknown nature of the sampling model in recovering behavior related network information, we use the Cressie-Read (CR) family of divergence measures and the corresponding information theoretic entropy basis, for estimation, inference, model evaluation, and prediction. Examples are included to clarify how entropy based information theoretic methods are directly applicable to recovering the behavioral network probabilities in this fundamentally underdetermined ill posed inverse recovery problem.


OBJECTIVE To explore the value of MRI in diagnosis of acute osteomyelitis infections and bone marrow and soft tissue lesions so as to provide basis for the diagnosis of acute osteomyelitis.METHODS A total of 84cases of patients with acute osteomyelitis treated in the hospital were enrolled in the study and respectively given the MRI and X-ray examination.RESULTS The X-ray examination showed that all the 84patients were with normal findings;through MRI examination,the conventional SE sequence checking manifestations revealed slightly lower or equal signal to T1WI,T2WI showed irregular signal changes(mostly other signals or high signal).Low signal edge of cortical bone showed strip slightly higher signal.STIR sequence examination showed high signal irregular flakes,which was more obvious than the SE sequence checking.Soft tissue lesions showed high signal change which was vague flaky,periosteal reaction was strip high signal change.The sensitivity of X-ray was 39.29%,while the MRI was 82.14%,the MRI examination had a higher sensitivity,the difference was significant(P0.05).The cost of MRI examination were significantly higher than that of the X-ray examination[(767.63±107.3)yuan vs(160.3 ± 28.9)yuan],the difference was significant(P0.05).CONCLUSION MRI can disclose the pathologic features of acute osteomyelitis of bone and soft tissue lesions and improve the accuracy of its diagnosis,however,the cost of MRI is more expensive.


The single electron response of the RCA 7265 photomultiplier tube is presented; the single electron peak is all but obscured by the occurrence of a large number of low amplitude pulses.


How many arithmetical treatises Al-Khwārizmī wrote is a Euestion that many mathematicians are concerned about.Through the research of all kinds of historical materials,the author thinks that it is probably that Al-Khwārizmī writes two arithmetical treatises and briefly introduces some fragments of the content of "Book of Addition and Subtraction" preserved in Al-Khwārizmī's work and Abū Kāmil's mathematical work,and makes a comparison and analysis on the Russian translated term between "Book of Addition and Subtraction","Book of Increase and Decrease" and "Book of Surplus and Deficiency".


We show that oxidation of protective thiol ligands and the exothermic reduction of surface area are important factors in the sintering of thiol-stabilized gold nanoparticle films. We also present a...


This article is devoted to modeling geophysical signals based on secondary interpolation spline function. The use of second-order local interpolation spline functions for the construction of mathematical models for digital processing and recovery of various geophysical signals is relevant today. As an example, preliminary experimental data of geophysical signals were obtained and based on this data, a second-order local interpolation cubic spline model was constructed. A geophysical signal interpolation process was performed using a built-in local interpolation cubic spline model.


The research aimed to evaluate the socio-environmental perceptions from the communities of Platanales and Sanchez of Rio Grande dam in Chone canton, Manabi. It was run as a non-experimental research, bibliographic and descriptive methods with techniques of observation, interviews, field work visits and surveys to 70 families affected directly were employed. The results based on information from the studies identified the main features of the construction of Rio Grande dam, located at 15 km from Chone, 1 km downstream of the confluence of Rio Grande and Platanales River (geographical coordinates 9.923.000N and 612.700E). The dam is designed to regulate the contributions of water to Rio Grande with three purposes: to ensure the population and industrial supplies for Chone and surrounding towns until 2038, meet the demand for water for irrigation in an area of 2,220 ha and help reduce flood risks in city avenues by controlling Rio Grande. The reservoir will reach a working volume of 75.74 million cubic meters (cubic hecto meters), which will regulate 52.76 million cubic meters annually, allocating 40.81 million cubic meters (77%) for irrigation; and the remaining 11.95 million cubic meters (23%) for population and industrial supplies. The socio-environmental perceptions of the inhabitants which include environmental damage from burning, loss of natural resources such as soil, biodiversity, landscape, and water from the springs that families used to all kinds of consumption, affected by the construction of the dam.


Agronomic use of cement kiln dust (CKD) improves sandy soil properties and promotes growth and development of plants to enhance crop yield. Field experiments were carried out on a private farm at a newly reclaimed land in the Western district of Nile valley, El-Minia Governorate, Egypt. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of white and black cement kiln dusts applied at six rates (0, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 Mg feddan) to sandy loam soil on some soil chemical properties, growth, yield, and heavy metals uptake of lead, nickel and cadmium by wheat and fodder sorghum plants. The results indicated that white and black CKDs are considered to be safe by-product materials in terms of pH and content of lead, nickel, and cadmium, however; they are potentially hazard in terms of salinity build up in the investigated soil. Heavy metals concentration in the investigated soil was in the following descending order: Lead > Nickel > Cadmium. The investigated soil remains at a safe level of lead and nickel, while in a potential level of unsafe cadmium. The highest value of wheat yield and fodder sorghum was recorded when white CKD was applied at the rate of 16 Mg feddan. From these results, it could be recommended to apply white CKD at an application rate of 16 Mg feddan only once for common crops cultivated in sandy soils under conditions of El-Minia Governorate, Egypt.


In this case study, two psychological experts assess the sleepwalking account of the defendant who is charged with indecent assault. The expert testimonies get entangled with other forms of knowing in the jury trial. Their knowledge claims get restricted by various neighbouring knowledges: the certified facts, the instructed case, the opposing expert, and the common sense. Knowing is delegated and distributed. The phrase "of course" sharpens the contrast between the cases of prosecution and defence. It introduces a first impression (disbelief and laughter) and a second impression (scepticism and assessment) of the matter. The "of course" (simplicity) and the "assistance" (complexity) constitute a sharp disparity. This disparity and the contribution of experts is the concern of this chapter. The author points out the spectrum of the experts' legal impact, meaning their relevance for the shaping and the outcome of criminal cases.Keywords: criminal proceedings; prosecution; sleepwalking expertise


The fundamental problems that have been encountered since the inception of matrix converters is that of short circuits and over voltages. This is due to the fact that the commutation problem has not been addressed successfully in these type of systems. In this paper, a possible solution is presented.


Chapter 1: Introduction: Indian Fashion Chapter 2: A Brief History of Dress, Difference and Fashion Change in India Chapter 3: Contemporary Fashion Practice in Urban India Chapter 4: Reel to Real Life: Re-Fashioning India from Bollywood to Street Chapter 5: Desi-Chic: The Image and Ideals of Fashion in Indian Magazines Chapter 6: Darzi to "Designer": Crafting Couture and High-Fashion for India Chapter 7: Conclusion: "Wrapping it Up" Bibliography Index


Objective Little research exists on what predicts individual return to screening after a false-positive faecal immunochemical test in a population bowel screening programme. We aimed to quantify the impact of false-positive faecal immunochemical test in the first round of screening on re-attendance in BowelScreen, the National Bowel Screening Programme in Ireland. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted. False-positivity was defined as a positive faecal immunochemical test with subsequent colonoscopy showing no evidence of malignancy or surveillance requirement. In those with a false-positive faecal immunochemical test, logistic regression was used to predict repeat participation in the second round. Results Of 196,149 individuals who attended the first screening round, 108,075 were eligible and re-invited in the second round, and 93,971 accepted the invitation (86.9%). Second round uptake was higher in faecal immunochemical test-negative individuals compared with those having false-positive results (87.5% vs. 73.1%; p < 0.001). Older age (odds ratio (OR) 0.75; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.60–0.94), computed tomography colonography (unsuitability/failed colonoscopy) (OR 0.40; 95% CI 0.21–0.73), and longer duration from screening invitation to faecal immunochemical test result (OR 0.991; 95% CI 0.9872–0.995) were predictors of non-re-attendance in the next screening round. Conclusion There is a significant reduction in re-attendance rates for individuals with false-positive faecal immunochemical test results. The letter sent following a negative colonoscopy is being reviewed to ensure that it provides adequate encouragement to re-attend. There are roles for screening promotion and for Gastroenterologists and Advanced Nurse Practitioners to emphasize the importance of regular faecal immunochemical tests after a negative colonoscopy.


Mineralization at the Main zone of the Clarence Stream gold deposit in southwestern New Brunswick occurs within a parallel series of quartz veins that occupy a NE-trending, steeply north-dip- ping, brittle-ductile shear zone related to the nearby terrane-bounding Sawyer Brook fault. This deforma- tion zone cuts volcaniclastic sedimentary and volcanic rocks of the Silurian Waweig Formation, and is intruded by mantle-derived East Branch Brook gabbroic dikes and a number of felsic dikes. Intermittent shear-zone reactivation during local magmatic activity induced heterogeneous deformation and alteration of the country rocks and dikes. The terminal phase of shearing is associated with narrow pegmatite-aplite dikes that grade laterally into granophyric granite, and into an auriferous quartz vein. Gold, aurostibite, and gold-antimony intergrowths, predominantly with vein quartz, are associated with a low ƒO2 sulfide mineral assemblage (pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite, and berthierite) that has a sulfur isotopic signature consistent with a magmatic source. Gold saturation and deposition occurred episodically between 300° and 360°C at low activity of sulfur, predominantly in response to pressure reduction during brittle failure combined with the effects of decreasing temperature and sulfidation reactions during fluid-wall-rock interaction. Geo - chronological studies demonstrate that the timing of the emplacement of the pegmatite-aplite dikes and associated auriferous veins overlap with that of the Early Devonian Magaguadavic granite. Moreover, the composition of the dikes is consistent with their derivation from this granite as late fractionates. The Main zone of the Clarence Stream deposit is therefore interpreted to be intrusion-related, with the Magaguad- avic granite being the ultimate source of the gold-bearing fluids. © 2008 Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum. All rights reserved.


The Legendre-based ultraspherical spectral method for ordinary differential equations (Olver, S. & Townsend, A. (2013) A fast and well-conditioned spectral method. SIAM Rev., 55, 462–489.) is combined with a formula for the convolution of two Legendre series (Hale, N. & Townsend, A. (2014a) An algorithm for the convolution of Legendre series. SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 36, A1207–A1220.) to produce a new technique for solving linear Fredholm and Volterra integro-differential equations with convolution-type kernels. When the kernel and coefficient functions are sufficiently smooth, then the method is spectrally accurate and the resulting almost-banded linear systems can be solved with linear complexity.


Wolfgang Schulz, Professor of Media Law and Public Law at the University of Hamburg, and Thorsten Grothe, Partner at Grothe Medienberatung, investigate how recent national and EU court rulings and diverging interpretations of the 'country of origin' principle may impact on the European Commission's plans for the Digital Single Market.


We describe the design of an anthropomorphic robot head intended as a research platform for studying autonomously learning active vision systems. The robot head closely mimics the major degrees of freedom of the human neck/eye apparatus and allows a number of facial expressions. We show that our robot head can shift its direction of gaze at speeds which come close to that of human saccades. Since our design only makes use of low cost consumer grade components, it paves the way for widespread use of anthropomorphic robot heads in science, education, health-care, and entertainment.


In this study, a numeric hybrid technique combined with homotopy-perturbation method (HPM) is introduced to simulate a class of four dimensional hyperchaotic nonlinear initial value problems (IVPs). To check the stability and efficiency of the method, first we solve the selected problem by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method (RK4) and then by both standard and hybrid homotopy-perturbation method. Finally, we compare the obtained results by the three methods. Based on the cases selected and investigated, the hybrid HPM is reliable and efficient than the standard HPM for extended time length. The studies done by this works suggest that the hybrid HPM is a powerful alternative approach for solving nonlinear hyperchaotic IVPs..


The Ticket to Kyoto Project has been established to reduce CO₂ emissions in public transport through more environmentally friendly behaviour and changes in infrastructure. The project's five partners are: (1) moBiel, Bielefeld, Germany; (2) RATP, Paris, France; (3) RET, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; (4) STIB (Project Lead), Brussels, Belgium; and (5) TfGM, Manchester, United Kingdom. The project will run over four years (2010 to 2014) and is being co-financed by the INTERREG IVB North West-Europe Programme. Its key goal is to "introduce the principle of low CO₂ emissions as the new standard for public transport providers". To reach this goal the project has identified five key actions plans that will be delivered within a series of five work packages (WP). Atkins, in partnership with Frontier Economics and Edinburgh Napier University, was commissioned to assist the partners with WP 4 - Optimizing policies and regulations for CO₂ reduction measures. WP4 focuses on the interactions between public transport operators and authorities and their stakeholders, including local government, suppliers, maintenance operators, as well as the policy and legal context within which they operate. The study has been undertaken in four stages – inception, analysis, recommendations, and reporting. A key element of the study has been a series of workshops undertaken in each of the partner cities to inform the analysis and recommendations.


Oral history interview with Eddie Richardson conducted by Andy Wilkinson on Sept. 22, 2010, in Lubbock, Tex. Duration: 1 hr., 16 min. Accompanied by 1 finding aid.


Chinese scientists studied some of the problems in the field of space life science and achieved success in the area during 2000-2001. Space biological experi ments were carried out in the orbit and the results of ground studies on protein crystallization, space radiation, space motion sickness were introduced in this paper. The influences of simulated weightlessness on the brain-function, the car diovascular, endocrine hormones, immunity, skeletal and muscle systems were presented. In addition, gravity medicine and space environment medicine, as well as countermeasures to space deconditioning, such as the traditional Chinese medicine, were also reported.


Refractive defects such as myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism may be corrected by laser milling of the cornea. An apparatus combining automatic refraction/keratometry and an excimer type laser for precision reshaping of corneal surfaces has been developed for testing. When electronically linked to a refractometer or keratometer or holographic imaging device, the laser is capable of rapidly milling or ablating corneal surfaces to preselected dioptric power shapes without the surgical errors characteristic of radial keratotomy, cryokeratomileusis or epikeratophakia. The excimer laser simultaneously generates a synthetic Bowman's like layer or corneal condensate which appears to support re-epithelialization of the corneal surface. An electronic feedback arrangement between the measuring instrument and the laser enables real time control of the ablative milling process for precise refractive changes in the low to very high dioptric ranges. One of numerous options is the use of a rotating aperture wheel with reflective portions providing rapid alternate ablation/measurement interfaced to both laser and measurement instrumentation. The need for the eye to be fixated is eliminated or minimized. In addition to reshaping corneal surfaces, the laser milling apparatus may also be used in the process of milling both synthetic and natural corneal inlays for lamellar transplants.


The trifunctionalization of alkenes has emerged as a versatile strategy for the efficient construction of diverse structural units and complex molecules in synthetic chemistry. Herein, we describe a novel 1,2,2-trifunctionalization...


It is the responsibility of the higher education to develop talents of high quality who can meet the demands of the knowledge economy society.To a chieve the goal,college students are required to promote their overall qualities involving six areas in terms of China's "Plan for Further Development of College Students".To heighten the overall qualities of college students, colleges and universities must set up a correct concept of quality education.Depending on the characters of their own majors,we can integrate all kinds of resources and create different platforms to construct and perfect the system of college students' social practice activities,the system of presenting certification and the system of evaluation of further development in their quality.


Black single crystals of [Lu(Db18c6)(H2O)3(thf)6]4(I3)2(I5)6(I8)(I12) were obtained from lutetium, I2 and Db18c6 (dibenzo-18-crown-6) in THF solution. In the bulky cation, Lu3+ is surrounded by nine oxygen atoms, six of Db18c6 and three of water molecules to which two THF molecules are attached each. Meanwhile, four polyiodide anions, (I3)–, (I5)–, (I8)2– and (I12)2–, in a 2:6:1:1 ratio form a three-dimensional network and leave space for the bulky cations.


Carl C. [Carlyle Ceasar] Council, newspaper publisher and radio and television executive, son of William L. and Ida Herndon Council, was born in Chatham County [3]. His family moved to Durham while he was in his early teens, and as a very small boy he carried a part of a newspaper delivery route for the Durham Morning Herald [4], working under a subcontract until he was old enough to have a route in his own right.


As sensor-related technology advances a variety of sensor data, interaction, information sharing and interchange among relevant systems have become more active. We also need a system that can either prevent crimes by forecasting context and coping with crime results as well as context management of city for high level of safety for city life with efficiency.In this dissertation a context awareness and prediction system are presented for more efficient and advanced management of u-City based on an ontology modeling for utilization of huge amount of information involved. Inference rules and facts are presented and generated so they can be effectively applied to contexts of u-City. The mechanism realizes higher accuracy of context prediction of events which can be predictable by existing history information. Especially, the system can be applied distinctively on each function of u-City to the ontology models with information transferred from sensors to the legacy system. The results of the proposed system can be used as practically useful references on customized context awareness, inference, mining and prediction that can support a efficient responding methods according to u-City modeling, definition, and inference rule of complicated context information.


Two indigenous rangeland forage species, Cenchrus ciliaris and Coelachyrum piercei, were investigated for their response to varying inter-row (50 and 100-cm) and inter plant spacing (25, 50 and 100-cm) under drip irrigation along with the perennial popular forage, Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana). Expression of traits, such as plant stand, plant height, number of tillers, number of panicles and seed yield, differed under varying inter-row and inter-plant spacing in different harvests. The grass species produced higher seed yield due to less interplant competition under wider (100-cm) than under narrow row (50-cm) spacing. Chloris gayana produced highest mean seed yield in wider inter-plant spacing (100-cm) under both inter-row spacings, viz. 100-cm (488 kg/ha) and 50-cm (449 kg/ha), followed by Cenchrus ciliaris (449 kg/ha under 100-cm and 377 kg/ha under 50-cm row spacing) and Coelachyrum piercei (274 kg/ha under 100-cm and 210 kg/ha under 50-cm row spacing). In respect of seed quality for samples harvested selectively or in bulk, the three grasses showed very low germination when tested immediately (1-2 weeks) after harvest, not only for bulk seed (0 to 1.5%) but also for selected seed (0.8% to 2.8%). Mean germination of grass species recorded after 12 months of harvests was significantly greater (53 %) than that recorded after 5 months (34 %) of harvests. Of the three grass species, Cenchrus ciliaris recorded significantly (p<0.01) highest germination % (50 %) followed by Chloris gayana (41 %) and Coelachyrum piercei (39 %). Selected seeds had significantly (p<0.01) higher germination (53 %) than bulk seeds (33 %). Keywords:


Cotterill's purpose is to facilitate research on strategic management information systems (SMIS). He utilizes two anecdotes-A&P's failed backward integration strategy into food manufacturing and FARMARCO's failed forward integration strategy into world grain trading-to illustrate the nature and significance of business strategy. He concludes that more research by economists is needed and that government should play an expanded role in strategic management information systems research, standards setting, and data collection. I will not dwell upon these two conclusions. Suffice it to say that because I am an economist working in the strategic management information system of a regional farmer cooperative, I would hardly disagree with his first conclusion. I am skeptical of his second conclusion but will reserve judgment until the issue is more sharply focused. Rather than dwelling upon Cotterill's two conclusions, I believe I can best advance our present discussion and future dialogue between industry and academia by identifying some of the reasons industry has been slow to implement SMIS and by offering some suggestions about how we economists might enhance SMIS.


Abstract This paper presents experimental results on thermophysical properties of the most commonly used titanium alloy, Ti-6Al-4V, in its solid phase. The subsecond pulse calorimetry has been applied for measuring heat capacity, specific electrical resistivity, and hemispherical total and normal spectral emissivity, and the laser flash method for measuring thermal diffusivity. Specific heat capacity and specific electrical resistivity were measured from 250 to 1700 K, thermal diffusivity from 190 to 1530 K, hemispherical total emissivity from 780 to 1670 K, and normal spectral emissivity at 900 nm from 1300 to 1730 K. Thermal conductivity and Lorentz function were computed from experimental data in the range from about 190 to 1530 K. For necessary corrections literature data on thermal linear expansion were used. The results obtained are compared with available literature values.


Regeneration surveys on nine logged areas in the vicinity of Fairbanks, Alaska indicated low levels of white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench.) Voss.) regeneration. In view of the limited field data, Monte Carlo simulation methods were used to estimate the probabilities of obtaining various levels of white spruce stocking by the 1st and 10th years after logging. The simple model developed, combined the irregular seed production of white spruce with a declining seedbed availability to estimate quadrat stocking (4-m2 plots). Results of simulation experiments indicated that the probability of achieving greater than 40% stocking with white spruce by the 10th postharvest year was 0.63. This result was sensitive to initial postharvest seedbed conditions and the frequency of good to excellent seed years and nonspruce revegetation rates. Both the field data and simulation results indicate the prospects of obtaining adequate white spruce restocking after timber harvest by unassisted natural regeneration were poor. Howe...


Objective:To discuss the skeletal anomalies of sirenomelia of fetus and the value of post-natal MSCT with volume rendering technique for fetal prenatal ultrasound.Methods:8fetuses suspected of sirenomelia underwent MRI examination and these fetuses after induced labor underwent MSCT examination.Results:Of the 8cases of sirenomelia,7cases were monocyesis,and one case was one of coxal conjoined twins,one of the twins had sirenomelia.Of the 8cases,one case had single lower limb,7cases had various fusion of the lower limbs.There were iliac bone anomalies and complete or partial caudal vertebra defects in 7cases.There were various deformities of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae and ribs deformities in 7cases and fusion of the upper limbs in 2cases.Conclusion:MSCT with volume rendering can provide significant and clear imaging information of the entire fetus,which can improve the understanding and prenatal diagnostic level of skeletal anomalies of sirenomelia.


. The most devastating complication can be exten-sion into the uterine corpus and subsequent uterine ruptureduring delivery.Transvaginal sonography of the female pelvic anatomy hasadded to our understanding of the cervix and its dynamicchanges, both in the pregnant and non-pregnant state. Salinecontrast sonohysterography has added yet another dimen-sion, yielding images that allow us to perceive the intrauterineand intracervical structural anatomy with greater precisionfor more accurate diagnostic capabilities.In our case we describe the obstetric history of a patientwho developed a cervicovaginal fistula as a late complicationof Shirodkar cerclage. We present the images of the fistulathat developed despite intraoperative repair. These wereobtained by saline contrast sonohysterography. To ourknowledge, these are the first such images.The patient was a 35-year-old para 1223 woman with apast obstetric history significant for a preterm birth at31 weeks. There was no significant past medical, surgical, orgynecologic history. She presented at 21 weeks with aresidual closed cervical length of 1.6 cm and funnelingnoted to the level of the internal cervical canal. A Shirodkarcerclage was placed using two Mersilene sutures (Ethicon,Inc., Johnson and Johnson Co., Somerville, NJ, USA),5 mm each in width. The residual closed cervical length afterthe cerclage placement increased to 2.6 cm. At 30 weeks thepatient had preterm contractions and was admitted fortherapy. Within hours of admission she complained of leak-age of fluid and strong, regular uterine contractions. Vaginalexamination revealed a 4-cm posterior defect in the cervix,consistent with tearing through the cerclage. A Cesareansection was performed. The defect was repaired in theoperating room after the Cesarean section had been completed.In a subsequent pregnancy a prophylactic Shirodkarcerclage using Mersilene sutures (5 mm each in width) wasplaced at 14 weeks. At 34 weeks the patient presented com-plaining of scant spotting; the cervix was described as fullyeffaced and the sutures were palpable at the external cervicalos. The cerclage was removed at this time and the cervixwas palpated to be 2–3 cm dilated. The patient eventuallydelivered vaginally at 37 weeks.Approximately 2 years after her second delivery with ourgroup the patient underwent pelvic sonography to follow upa previously identified uterine myoma. She was on day 13 ofher menstrual cycle. A normal anteverted uterus with normalovaries was visualized. The posterior lip of the cervix, however,appeared irregular and saline contrast sonohysterographywas performed, which revealed an area of discontinuitywithin the posterior lip, extending from the posterior vaginalfornix to the internal cervical canal. This was consistent witha posterior cervical fistula displayed clearly by our salinecontrast study (Figure 1).In their case series published in 1972, Goodlin


Objective:To investigate the effect of calcium hydroxide intracanal medicament in prevention of endodontic interappointment emergencies(IAE).Methods:129 patients with chronic periapical periodontitis were divided into observation group(75 cases) and control group(54 cases) randomly.In the observation group calcium hydroxide was placed in the instrumented root canals;formocresol was used for intracanal medicament in control group.The clinical effect was observed in 1 week after intracanal medication.Results:The IAE frequency of observation group was lower than that of control group,and the difference was significant(P0.05).Conclusion:Calcium hydroxide is effective in preventing the occurrence of IAE.


Four cases of gastric ulcer and iron deficiency anaemia in a geriatric hospital unit are described. A special feature in 2 cases was a high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and positive gastroscopy findings for cancer after x‐ray (barium meal) examination had indicated a normal stomach. It is suggested that the differential diagnosis between gastric ulcer and gastric cancer sometimes can be made on the basis of the ESR, especially if a high ESR is the only abnormality. In cases of iron deficiency anaemia in the elderly, an elevated ESR should be thoroughly investigated.


The major gold orebodies occur in the secondary fractures on the hanging wall of main fracture of Lingbei fracture zone.Judged by the direction indication of the included sharp angle between No7 or No10 orebody and the inclined shear joints on side of the orebodies,the ore controlling fracture is characterized by laevorotation.According to the statistics of the joints on side of No7 orebody and analysis on the conjugate shear joint occurrence,the maximum main stress direction for forming ore bearing fractures in Huangbuling ore field is 30°∠37°,NE trending secondary fractures was very important location for emplacement of lamprophyre veins before mineralization,also a major host structure.Lingbei main fracture zone mostly played an ore conducting role in the process.


In the modern world, digital content has been massively produced, distributed, and consumed by human beings; consequently, how to protect the rights and benefits of content consumers, producers, and distributors has become a crucial issue. One promising solution is to design a full‐fledged digital rights management (DRM) system. In this study we introduce a new design on the digital rights management system providing user privacy, usage transparency, and superdistribution. A comprehensive set of DRM processing functions and corresponding mechanisms are developed in our system to support various business process requirements. Superdistribution support is embedded in our system design. A prototype is implemented to verify our system design. To protect consumer privacy, a temporary identity is generated for each consumer using the KryptoKnight protocol. Elliptic curve cryptography‐based encryption scheme is adopted for messages transmitted among servers and client over an unsecure communication channel. For usage transparency, a user‐friendly DRM client package (software) is introduced in the proposed DRM system to achieve content protection and support user convenience in usage.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Report and results from "The Great New Zealand Employment Survey 2013." The annual Great New Zealand Employment Survey (TGNZES) began in 2009. It responded to a need to examine the employment relationship from both the manager and employee points of view in the New Zealand context. It also came from a desire to explore developments in key areas of practice to identify emerging trends over time. This approach is maintained in the 2013 survey, but both the research instrument and the presentation of the results have been refreshed, notably through the addition of new areas of focus.


Summary form only given. In this paper we will discuss the approach that we have evolved for populating a database with representative training data for the purpose of non-cooperative target identification (NCTI) of air targets by radar. Such NCTI should help to augment procedures like IFF to reduce the risk of fratricide and allow early designation of targets such that threats can be engaged before significant risk to vulnerable assets. This paper will focus on the use of synthetic data generated from limited information, such as photographs, to represent target types for which we don't have access to real radar measurements over any or a sufficiently representative range of aspects and configurations. This can often be the case for hostile aircraft types. Subscale models and computer electromagnetic predictions are both common methods that researchers have explored to simulate the radar returns from real aircraft. Both have advantages and disadvantages but the former is thought to be a feasible approach with current technology. We will discuss the methodology required for subscale model generation and subsequent use of the data to populate classifier databases and how to quantify the fidelity of the data such that confidence in classification result can be quantified and thus classifier performance as a whole estimated.


Frequency sweeping interferometry (FSI) is a technique where absolute distance measurements are made without ambiguity, by using synthetic wavelengths resulting from a frequency sweep. In FSI, the measurement uncertainty increases with the distance, as consequence of the propagation of the uncertainty in the synthetic wavelength measurement. For long ranges, this component of the uncertainty budget is one of the major drawbacks of the technique. To overcome this problem, we introduced the concept of the dual FSI mode, where the measurement process for longer ranges is reduced to the close range case, by limiting the Optical Path Diference in the interferometer. This was achieved by increasing the reference arm with a long reference fiber, and using a second ancillary interferometer to calibrate continuously the fiber length and compensate temperature variations. In the context of the ESA PROBA3 space mission (coronagraph and demonstration of metrology for free-flying formation), we implemented a FSI sensor composed of a mode-hop free frequency sweep external cavity diode laser, a high finesse Fabry-Perot interferometer (to measure accurately the frequency sweep range) and a dual measurement system. This dual FSI concept, presented in San Diego in 2008, was now implemented and fully tested in view of the PROBA3 mission. Accuracies smaller than 32 μm for a measurement range from 51 m to 61 m were achieved using a reference fiber with 71 m, maintaining the reduced complexity inherent to FSI technique, a mandatory condition for space applications. Implementation issues and performance results are also discussed in this paper.


Ginger is the rhizome of the plant In ayurveda, it is referred as "vishwabheshaja" which means the universal medicine, can be given to anyone living in this world and it would be suited to all. In addition to its culinary use ginger also possess medicinal property by bioactive components present in them. Ginger can be used in its fresh, dried, powdered, oil and syrup forms. Ginger is an herbal remedy and reported to possess strong anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial and other activities. The present review is conducted to evaluate cardioprotective effect of ginger. Ginger was found effective in combating cardiovascular disease such as hypertension, obesity, atherosclerosis by changing lipid profile.