ABSTRACT: This paper synthesizes and interprets data pertaining to the evolution of average water revenue, water use, and the average cost of water supply in the City of Santa Barbara, California, from 1986 to 1996, a period which included one of the most devastating droughts in California this century. The 1987–1992 drought hit the study area particularly hard. The City of Santa Barbara was dependent exclusively on local sources for its water supply. That made it vulnerable as the regional climate is prone to extreme variability and recurrent droughts. The 1986–1992 drought provided a rare opportunity to assess the sensitivity of municipal water use to pricing, conservation, and other water management measures under extreme drought conditions. Our analysis indicates that the average cost of water rose more than three‐fold in real terms from 1986 to 1996, while the gap between the average cost of supply and the average revenue per unit of water (= 100 cubic feet) rose in real terms from $0.14 in 1986 to $ 0.75 in 1996. The rise of $3.08 in the average cost of supplying one unit of water between 1986 and 1996 measures the cost of hedging drought risk in the study area. Water use dropped 46 percent at the height of the drought relative to pro‐drought water use, and remains at 61 percent of the pre‐drought level. The data derived from the 1987–1992 California drought are unique and valuable insofar as shedding light on drought/water demand adaptive interactions. The experience garnered on drought management during that unique period points to the possibilities available for future water management in the Arid West where dwindling water supplies and burgeoning populations are facts that we must deal with.


Abstract : Today Marines find themselves operating increasingly in desert environments. These environments pose a great deal of problems for the operating forces. Helicopter crews are particularly concerned with brownout conditions. Brownout can occur during the takeoff or landing phase of flight when the rotorwash generated downward from the helicopter picks up loose sand and dust. These airborne particulates can cause the pilot to lose visual acuity with the ground. An unintentional drift may develop causing the aircraft to strike an obstacle or hit the ground with excessive rate of descent or airspeed. Although many aspects of helicopter flight can be performed using only an instrument scan, landing and hovering cannot. Hovering requires an active outside scan and a visual ground reference. Helicopter operations such as externals, fastroping, and rappelling require the aircraft to maintain a hover for extended periods of time, making the aircrew particularly susceptible to brownout. In fiscal year 2002, 6 of the Army's 26 Class A mishaps were caused by brownout or whiteout conditions. Obviously, good piloting skills will prevent many brownout mishaps, but more steps need to be taken. The problem of brownout can never be fully eliminated; however, a smart application of environmental, mechanical, and training assets and practices will mitigate the risk and preserve personnel and equipment to fight another day.


Fraud, financial distress and liquidation, audit failures, hubris and narcissism, are all genuine and serious issues in today's business environment. Challenges exist for organisations in many different guises as they strive to achieve their goals. This often results in a balancing act between the right course of action and action which could be seen to be ethically immoral or even illegal. Recently many organisations have encountered financial distress for different reasons, at a high cost to employees, pensioners, and other stakeholders. How can organisations ensure that legal and ethical decisions and actions are taken? Through a review of literature, recent case studies, and the incidence of relevant courses in universities, this paper examines the importance of education in the fight against corporate fraud. Evidence indicates that employees can be effective corporate watchdogs in the fight against financial deception and unethical decisions; increasing the number of people in a firm with enhanced fraud awareness and knowledge through education should, therefore, be one of the essential requirements for our future business managers and leaders. We indicate why anti-fraud education is important in the fight against financial shenanigans, and why it should be more widely adopted for the benefit of all stakeholders.


The aim of this study was to critically examine the concept of student agency, an idea that has characterized recent curriculum reform policies, focusing on the 2022 revised curriculum, from the perspective of posthuman disability studies (PDS) and to propose a more inclusive framework for it. To this end, this study first explored how PDS enables us to rethink human agency, which underlies the notion of student agency. Next, the analysis of the 2022 revised curriculum and its related policy documents revealed that student agency embodied in the 2022 revised curriculum is predicated on the logics of choice-responsibility undergirding a range of curricular devices (e.g., the high school credit system). Drawing on PDS, the study argues that the 2022 revised curriculum may (inadvertently) contribute to the perpetuation of ableism by assuming that student agency can be exercised based on modern humanist values, such as autonomy, self-determination, and self-responsibility. Furthermore, it was also found that, unlike non-disabled students, disabled students are positioned in the curriculum as potentially less agentic, i.e., exceptional learners requiring educational interventions whose focus is on special kinds of learning experiences for their independence. Finally, the study discusses directions for developing a more just and inclusive version of the future curriculum that reflects PDS-based alternative ways of thinking about not only student agency but students' differences, including disabilities.


PURPOSE: To increase and uniformalize magnetic flux densities and to obtain images having a good contrast by specifying the disposition and shapes of the magnets of main poles in contact with a photosensitive body. CONSTITUTION: The small magnets 2, 3 are disposed in the side parts of the large magnet 1. The magnetic poles 5, 6, 7, 8 are radially arranged on a nonmagnetic axial center 4 in such a manner that the same poles exist on the outer side. A sleeve 9 consisting of a nonmagnetic material which can rotate is provided on the outer periphery thereof. This sleeve is so constituted as to be supported by both ends of a nonmagnetic developing toner box. The magnetic toners near the magnetic pole 5 are attracted to the sleeve plane when the nonmagnetic sleeve 9 is rotated. Further, the magnetic toners arrive at the upper magnet 1 while the magnetic toners are kept attracted onto the sleeve by the magnetic force of the magnetic poles 6 and 7. The toners are well napped to form a magnet brush by the effect of the magnetic flux density distribution in such a case, by that, the electrostatic latent image of the photosensitive body 11 moved in proximity is developed. The magnetic force of the magnetic toner powder is lost by a doctor blade 24 after the development. Then, the soft napping is applied by the main and auxiliary poles on the latent image obtd. by exposing the photosensitive body implanted with electrons by the bias and triboelectrostatic charges and the uniform magnetic force distribution is imparted over the entire part of the exposing line. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO&Japio


ABSTRACT In this report, we announce the availability of a whole-genome sequence and methylome analysis of Thioflexothrix psekupsii strain D3.


Aims: The first appointment a pregnant woman makes to the antenatal unit of a hospital is often called the Booking Visit (BV). This visit happens towards the end of the first trimester, usually between 8–14 weeks. The medical, obstetric and family history of the woman are taken. This helps to determine the potential for any risks that may occur during the pregnancy and thus allow appropriate medical intervention. Preeclampsia is a multisystem disease of pregnancy of unknown cause. The only effective therapy is to facilitate the delivery. Preeclampsia is also an important cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine whether the timing of the visit has any effect on the occurrence of preeclampsia. Methods: This case control study was used to recruit a total of 400 primigravida in the second trimester of their pregnancy, comprising two hundred women with preeclampsia (cases) and two hundred age-matched normotensive pregnant women (controls) visiting the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Departments of the KomfoAnokye F. A. Yeboah1, L. A. Fondjo1, M. M. Seini1, 2, C. A. Turpin1, O. Debrah1,2, B.R.D.T. Annan3, E. A. Tagoe3, A. T. Bawah4 Affiliations: 1Department of Molecular Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; 2Laboratory Department Ridge Hospital, Accra, Ghana; 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana; 4Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana. Corresponding Author: M. M. Seini, Department of Molecular Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Email: nnindiniseini@yahoo. com Received: 07 May 2018 Accepted: 07 August 2018 Published: 06 September 2018 Teaching Hospital in Kumasi and Ridge Regional Hospital in Accra both in Ghana. The diagnosis of preeclampsia was assessed by a qualified Obstetrician/Gynaecologist at the respective hospitals. The booking visit was abstracted from the medical records of the recruited pregnant women. Urine sample was obtained for the analysis of urine protein and microalbuminuria and blood sample for hemoglobin, calcium and magnesium. Results: The mean gestation of the cases was significantly higher than that of the controls, p < 0.0001. More than 70% of the cases with serum magnesium less than 0.7 mmol/l had BV between 17–24 weeks compared to the control. Also, significant portion (71.5%) of the cases had serum calcium levels below 2.1 mmol/l and were found to have BV between 17–24 weeks compare to 11.1% of the controls with normal calcium levels. Preeclamptic individuals with hemoglobin (Hb) less than 11.0 g/dl reported to the hospital between 17–24 weeks compared to 20% of the controls. Women (9.1 %) diagnosed with anaemia reported to the hospitals after 24 weeks of gestation. More than 50% of the cases were uneducated and only 1% had tertiary education. Conclusion: The current study reports a significantly late booking visit in women with preeclampsia and this as well as luck of education may play a role in the development of preeclampsia.


Part 1 Immunodeficient mutants - biological features and specific models: biology immunological properties non-cancerous models autochtonous tumours. Part 2 Xenogenous transplantation of human tumours - establishment of transplantable lines and growth characteristics: establishing transplantable lines growth characteristics tumour markers. Part 3 Chemotherapy models - screening and therapy approaches: screening studies therapy approaches. Part 4 Radiation therapy approaches: radiotherapy sensitizers. Part 5 Immunotherapy models: xenogenization of SCID mice tumour therapy approaches in vitro methods as alternative models.


DR. EDWARDS: A 59-year-old woman with a history of asthma and borderline systemic hypertension was admitted to Baylor University Medical Center (BUMC) with increasing dyspnea, cough, fever, and weight loss. She had been well until about 19 months earlier, when she developed a cough and dyspnea. Chest radiograph showed an infiltrate, and she was treated with antibiotics and later prednisone. Dyspnea, however, continued, and she was referred to a pulmonologist 5 months later. Her pulmonary function tests were consistent with asthma, and an albuterol inhaler was prescribed. After 3 months, she presented to a local emergency department with wheezing, cough, and dyspnea, all of which resolved within 45 minutes without treatment. The next month, she was evaluated by another physician, received an injection, and continued on her albuterol inhaler. She felt better for about 3 months. Then she was hospitalized with similar symptoms, and she responded to intermittent positive-pressure breathing treatments and intravenous medications. Throughout that summer, she received several more intramuscular injections, which helped her dyspnea for approximately 1 month at a time.


1. INDICATORS OF EDUCATION EFFECTIVENESS When assessing the performance of a particular educ ational process, a popular approach is to evaluate a set of effectiveness indi cators. Educational effectiveness connects students' learning outcomes to the educati onal processes they went through. In this paper, we point out the external e ffectiveness of higher education, namely the outcomes of graduates in relation to the ir professional success and in society at large (Hanushek 1979; Cowan 1985; Lockhe ed and Hanushek 1994). Despite the proliferation of surveys of graduates, most scholars dealing with the external effectiveness of university education merely analyse the time elapsed between graduation and first employment (e.g. Bigge ri et al. 2001; Nguyen and Taylor 2003) or the probability of employment at a certain point in time (Bratti et al. 2004). Although occupation is an important resu lt of the educational investment, the employment rate only gives a partia l image of educational effectiveness. There is a need to identify other di mensions and indicators of university effectiveness. In the last few decades, there has been an upsurge of studies on indicators highlighting processes, outcomes, contexts and mall eable input factors that represent elements of a never-ending improvement pr ocess of higher education (among others, UNESCO 1974; United Nations 1975; Co wan 1985; Stern 1986; Astin 1993; Scheerens and Bosker 1997; Draper and G ittoes 2004; Bird et al. 2005; Pascarella and Terenzini 2005; EU-RA 2006; UN DP 2007; Aubyn et al. 2009; Garcìa-Aracil and Palomares-Montero 2009; Gib bs 2010; PalomaresMontero and Garcìa-Aracil 2011; Fabbris 2012). However, it is worth noting the following points:


The experimental device for separating pepper oil by supercritical fluid extraction was established.Carbon dioxide was used as extraction reagent.The effects of extraction pressure,extraction temperature,flow rate and feed particle on extraction were investigated,and the optimum process conditions were determined:the extraction pressure 20-26 MPa,the work temperature 313-323 K,the feel particle of pepper oil 30-40 meshes,the flow rate 0.3-0.4 m~3/h and the cumulation extraction rate of pepper oil 80%-90%.Based on the mass conservation principle for differential units of extraction bed and feed particle,the differential equations were established.The total of mass transfer impetus and the equilibrium absorbing constant were fitted by the linear impetus approximate theory,the equations were simplified,and the experimental results were performed with numeric simulation.


Our previous study has indicated that overexpression of S100A16 promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via Notch1 pathway in breast cancer. It is reported that EMT accelerated tamoxifen resistance by certain ways. However, the role of S100A16 in tamoxifen resistance of breast cancer cells remains to be clarified. In our study, we demonstrated that overexpression of S100A16 reduced the growth inhibition rate of tamoxifen to MCF-7 cells by cytotoxicity assays and colony formation assays. In flow cytometry analysis, we found that both apoptosis and necrosis of MCF-7 cells induced by tamoxifen decreased due to overexpression of S100A16. Increasing evidence has indicated that PI3K/AKT-mediated activation of ERα and the low expression level of ERα contributed to tamoxifen resistance. In our study, we found that overexpression of S100A16 facilitated the downregulation of ERα in mRNA level and protein level by western blotting and quantitative real time PCR respectively and upregulation of phosphorylated AKT (Ser473), phosphorylated mTOR (Ser2448), phosphorylated P70S6K (Thr389), phosphorylated ERα (Ser167) by western blotting. Moreover, PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and mTOR inhibitor Rapamycin could downregulate the expression of p-ERα (Ser167) and partly revese the tamoxifen resistance caused by overexpression of S100A16 in cytotoxicity assays and flow cytometry assays, respectively. Taken together, our study demonstrated that overexpression of S100A16 promoted the resistance of MCF-7 cells to tamoxifen via downregulation of ERα and the activation of ERα via PI3K/AKT pathway.


Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative disease of the joint, with a complex multifactorial not yet fully understood etiology. Over the past years, the Wnt signaling pathway has been implicated in osteoarthritis. In a recent genomewide association study (GWAS), the chromosomal location on chromosome 1, linked to the Wnt3a‐Wnt9a gene locus, was identified as the most significant locus associated with a thumb osteoarthritis endophenotype. Previously, it was shown that WNT9a is involved in maintaining synovial cell identity in the elbow joint during embryogenesis. Here, we report that the conditional loss of Wnt9a in the Prx1‐Cre expressing limb mesenchyme or Prg4‐CreER expressing cells predispositions the mice to develop spontaneous OA‐like changes with age. In addition, the trabecular bone volume is altered in these mice. Similarly, mice with a conditional loss of Wnt4 in the limb mesenchyme are also more prone to develop spontaneously OA‐like joint alterations with age. These mice display additional alterations in their cortical bone. The combined loss of Wnt9a and Wnt4 increased the likelihood of the mice developing osteoarthritis‐like changes and enhanced disease severity in the affected mice. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).


Purpose - – The purpose of this "viewpoint" is to consider developments in the governance practices in UK public organizations, showing how ideas from the governance of listed companies have translated into public bodies. Design/methodology/approach - – It discusses the literature of corporate governance and public service motivation and reflects it against practice evidenced in documentation for the UK Corporate Governance Code, codes for boards of different levels of public organizations, and both formal and informal evaluations of practice. Findings - – The use of independent, non-executives directors in public bodies encapsulates the tension in the private sector between the service role of directors and how they control managers. The paper gives a preliminary investigation of three public bodies, comparing how reform of their governance has affected tensions in accountability and director motivation. The changes involve greater emphasis on extrinsic goals, potentially at the cost of the intrinsic ones. Research limitations/implications - – The paper suggests avenues for future research, linking notions of the tensions between the service and control functions in corporate governance with the balance between extrinsic and intrinsic motivation. Practical implications - – Directors in both public and private bodies face a need to hold at bay forces that push in opposing directions to accommodate demands for greater accountability while sustaining the altruism social mindedness. Originality/value - – The area of public sector boards is undergoing considerable change in the UK and this paper, although preliminary, is one of the few to examine the links to motivation.


Nowadays the aging of population is a worldwide problem. With the increasing aging in China, our country must set up the old-age service system as soon as possible, which is based on family, supported by the community, supplemented by the institution, and combined with the medical and nursing care. Therefore, the community pension model plays an extremely important role in the whole pension system. Based on extensive reference to relevant literatures, this paper conducted a filed survey on four "community pension service centers" in Wuhan, and learned about the current situation and existing practical problems of the community pension model in Hubei province. Combined with the survey, this paper is aimed at probing into the intelligent pension model of "family support, community care and professional personnel service," and improving the community pension service system in Hubei province. Keywords—Hubei province; Community pension; Population aging; Problems; Suggestions


Introduced a design example for internet connection by GPRS in ARM embedded system.The system using ARM to con- nect GPRS Modem,realized a tiny TCP/IP which was designed by themselves.Gave a description of the hardware environment.The cede design of the PPP using in radio-communication and the tidy TCP/IP using in internet data transfer for embedded system were also described.The whole design has been applied in the project——the new high performance motorcar recorder.The system was advanced with cabinet,low power dissipation and high reliability.It has high performance but low cost.It is also easy to use for product develop- ment for its expansibility and ductility.The design can be used for reference for the embedded system design where radio-communication was needed.


Inhibition of bacteria growth on agar plates was achieved by the polymer films deposited using a floating-electrode dielectric barrier discharge jet (DBD jet). The DBD jet, which has been known to have sterilization properties, was employed as a polymer depositing tool in this study. A mixture of helium (He) and a small amount of methyl methacrylate (MMA) was used as the plasma working gas for the deposition of Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) films. Escherichia coli and Burkholderia glumae (a seedborne pathogen to cause bacterial panicle blight on rice) were employed for the study of bactericidal activity and bacterial growth inhibition. The DBD jet fed by He/MMA was observed to create a larger sterilized region than the DBD jet with pure He. Based on the observed density of bacteria colonies, the growth of the bacteria was seen to be significantly inhibited on the areas where PMMA covers the agar. It was also observed that the bacterial growth inhibition was influenced by the thickness of deposited films. This study shows that the ambient DBD-jet-based polymer deposition technique provides a new way of medical wound treatment; that is, it can not only sterilize the wound but also create a polymeric 'bandage' on the wound surface to prevent bacteria from causing any further infections.


Introduction Optical rhinometry is a newly standardized technique for assessing nasal obstruction in nasal allergen provocation testing. It is one of the few techniques that accurately determine the beginning of an allergic reaction as it measures optical density, which is consistent with the degree of response. Aim To evaluate the usefulness of optical rhinometry in nasal allergen provocation testing. Material and methods The study population was a group of 45 subjects (25 diagnosed with an allergy to common environmental allergens and 20 controls). Nasal allergen provocation testing was conducted with the use of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farina (5,000 SBU/ml). Results The onset of the nasal mucosa allergen response in the form of nasal obstruction was observed at 10.40 min. The subsequent reaction developed rapidly, with only 53 s from the initial stage of nasal obstruction to complete obstruction (optical density 0.4552). Conclusions Due to its informative potential, optical rhinometry is a valuable tool in assessing the nasal mucosal response to topical allergen application.


The Agent Orange controversy recently has produced an ironic statutory phenomenon. Although the dispute stems from military use of Agent Orange by the federal government, it is the state legislatures that have responded most aggressively on behalf of concerned veterans. In contrast to the desultory reaction of the federal government, nearly one-third of the states have, since 1980, enacted programs to identify health disorders caused by Agent Orange. 1 This Article examines those state programs and recommends additional measures to better effectuate their intent.


Non-interference is a desirable property of systems in a mul tilevel security architecture, stating that confidential information is not disclosed in public output. The c hallenge of studying information flow for assembly languages is that the control flow constructs that guide the a nalysis in high-level languages are not present. To address this problem, we define a typed assembly language t h t uses pseudo-instructions to impose a stack discipline on the control flow of programs. We develop a type s ystem for checking that assembly programs enjoy non-interference and its proof of soundness.


We compare the dry deposition rates of atmospheric nitrogen to the sea in two models: a simple Gaussian puff model and a sophisticated mesoscale prognostic model, under a variety of meteorological conditions. The comparison is intended as a validation of the simple diagnostic schemes for transport and diffusion contained in the puff model. Agreement is generally shown to be good, except under low wind conditions.


Syntheses of new porous frameworks with specific pore size and type are of considerable interest for the appearance of zeolite-like functionalities. It is useful to take advantage of metal complex-assembled compounds because of designable frameworks, high microporosity, and flexible frameworks based on a variety of coordination geometries of metal centers and multifunctionality of bridging organic parts. Many recent reports show that the synthesis procedures are developing from serendipitious to rational level. Therefore, the micropore chemistry of metal complex-based assemblages is directed toward not only new frameworks but also functionalities such as gas and small molecule adsorption, ion exchange, heterogeneous catalysis, photo-chemical and -physical properties. For chemical and physical functionalities robustness of a framework is required even in the absence of guest molecules in the cavity. The stability is largely dependent on the structural dimensionality of the assemblages. A wide variety of st...


This work presents two novel group 14 element allotropes, oC24 Si24 and oC24 Ge24, and the physical properties of oC24 C24, oC24 Si24, and oC24 Ge24 are studied in detail by means of first-principles calculations. The mechanical stability, dynamic stability, and thermodynamic stability of oC24 Si24 and oC24 Ge24 are proven by the elastic parameters, phonon spectrum, and relative enthalpy, respectively. According to the B/G value, all oC24 C24, oC24 Si24, and oC24 Ge24 are brittle materials. By analysing the directional dependence of Young's modulus, it is clear that oC24 Si24 possesses the largest mechanical anisotropy. From the electronic properties, it can be concluded that oC24 Si24 is a semiconductor material with a direct band gap of 1.047 eV, which suggests that oC24 Si24 may be suitable to make solar cells. More importantly, the light absorption ability of oC24 Si24 is stronger than that of diamond Si in the visible light region. In addition, the κ min of oC24 Si24 and oC24 Ge24 have better thermal conductivity, indicating that oC24 Si24 and oC24 Ge24 have great application potential in solar cells, optoelectronic devices and other microelectronic devices.


For more than a decade, a close continuity, rather than opposition, has linked Viveiros de Castro's "perspectivism" and Descola's "animism". Both theories are based on Amazonian ethnographic material and should be seen as theoretical constructions of the "Lowland" developed to explain the specificity of Amazonian ontologies. Today, both models exist independently of the south Amerindian data. In this paper, I will present some North-West Amazonian ritual and mythological material that illustrates the first, as well as the second theoretical point of view. The main aim of this paper is to show that general cognitive phenomena involved in the act of perception, such as anthropomorphism and analogical projection, are able to give an account of some Amazonian ontologies, especially if we draw iconographical expressions of past and present societies into the discussion.


The radial electric field in the positive column, which is needed to promote ambipolar diffusion, is shown to be given to a good approximation by a second-order linear differential equation as the next stage beyond the Schottky approximation.


The article deals with the question of teaching French for specific purposes to the students of technical specialties. The authors analyze the influence of language and speaking skills, the impact of future engineers' individual differences of cognitive, emotional, social, situational levels, including learning styles on the effectiveness of the process of intercultural competence formation. The language is a complex cognitive skill that's why the process of French for Specific Purposes mastering can be described within the context of the cognitive theory. It was determined that the process of professionally oriented language learning is associated with speaking skills and cognitive peculiarities characterized, reflected in verbal structures that they use, in preferred ways of the information perception, treatment, reproduction and production, in some modes to retain new information. These peculiarities can be explained by the dominant functions of right or left-hemispheric strategies of the individual. The research showed that the majority of future specialists of technical sphere have an analytical style which is manifested in the preference for the sequential information processing that enhances perception, comprehension, learning and retention of this information. Some educational strategies for the future engineers learning style flexibility have been presented. The authors also propose some exercises for the formation of intercultural communication competence of future specialists of the technical sphere where the aforementioned their cognitive peculiarities and speaking skills resulting from different factors have been taken into consideration.


Since the literature contains no data on the possible migration of an IUD from the uterus into the fallopian tube, the authors describe 2 cases among 3 they encountered of such complications with the use of the IUD for contraception. A patient of age 40 gave birth to 1 child and had 2 voluntary abortions. On stet 9-3-82, a Nova T IUD was implanted. In April 1983, however, pregnancy was diagnosed. Roentgenography and hysterosalpingography made it possible to locate the IUD in the parametrium. A laparotomy performed on 8-11-83 confirmed the primary diagnosis and showed that the IUD had migrated as a result of perforation of the uterus. The postoperative period was uneventful. On 6-7-84, a 26 year old patient was admitted to the clinic with the diagnosis corpus alienum in abdominis--IUD. The case history indicated that a Copper T IUD had been implanted on 2-3-84. In April 1984, pregnancy was diagnosed. Using roentgenography, the IUD was located in the right fallopian tube. On 6-12-84, a laparotomy was performed to extract the coil from the fallopian tube. In situ observations confirmed the results of the roentgenographic diagnosis and showed that the IUD had migrated into the fallopian tube without perforation of the uterus. Extraction of the device and adnexectomy were performed. Histological data indicated ovarian endometriosis, and the tube had a small parovarian cyst. The postoperative recovery was uneventful. Although such complications are rare, the authors suggest that the risks of device migration should be taken into consideration in clinical practice where contraception with the IUD is utilized.


A number of working papers have been prepared under ACIAR project ADP/2014/013, 'Promoting sustainable agriculture and agroforestry to replace unproductive land use in Fiji and Vanuatu'. These are based on literature searches, fieldwork in Fiji and Vanuatu, discussions with project participants and other key informants in Fiji, Vanuatu and Australia, and discussions with researchers participating in other ACIAR projects. The papers have been designed to share information among research teams in project ADP/2014/013 as well as project ADP/2014/012, 'Improving livelihoods and economic progress through rehabilitation of degraded catchments in Fiji and Vanuatu', in order to provide a common understanding of research issues, and as far as practicable, a consistent research methodology. In addition, the working papers report on major findings of project ADP/2014/013 and provide background to information in the final report of project ADP/2014/012. These working papers have been compiled into a monograph to accompany the final report of project ADP/2014/013 and provide greater detail. Along with the final report and workshop papers, the monograph provides a record of research conducted under project ADP/2014/013 and makes this available to a wider audience interested in agroforestry systems in Fiji and Vanuatu. The working papers also provide a useful basis for further research into agroforestry systems (or ecological intensification) in the two countries.


To deal with some problems in the teaching "Probability and statistics", this paper explored the reason resulting in some mistake and gave some methods and skill to resolve these problems.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is the design and experimental investigation of compact hybrid sound-absorbing materials presenting low-frequency and broadband sound absorption.

Design/methodology/approach
The hybrid materials combine microchannels and helical tubes. Microchannels provide broadband sound absorption in the middle frequency range. Helical tubes provide low-frequency absorption. Optimal configurations of microchannels are used and analytical equations are developed to guide the design of the helical tubes. Nine hybrid materials with 30 mm thickness are produced via additive manufacturing. They are combinations of one-, two- and four-layer microchannels and helical tubes with 110, 151 and 250 mm length. The sound absorption coefficient of the hybrid materials is measured using an impedance tube.

Findings
The type of microchannels (i.e. one, two or four layers), the number of rotations and the number of tubes are key parameters affecting the acoustic performance. For instance, in the 500 Hz octave band (α500), sound absorption of a 30 mm thick hybrid material can reach 0.52 which is 5.7 times higher than the α500 of a typical periodic porous material with the same thickness. Moreover, the broadband sound absorption for mid-frequencies is reasonably high with and α1000 > 0.7. The ratio of first absorption peak wavelength to structure thickness λ/T can reach 17, which is characteristic of deep-subwavelength behaviour.

Originality/value
The concept and experimental validation of a compact hybrid material combining a periodic porous structure such as microchannels and long helical tubes are original. The ability to increase low-frequency sound absorption at constant depth is an asset for applications where volume and weight are constraints.


Given the known adverse effect of chlorophenols for the aquatic environments which they can reach, the development of efficient methods both technically and economically to remove them has gained increasing attention over time. The combination of photocatalytic oxidation with biological treatment can lead to high removal efficiencies of chlorophenols, while reducing the costs associated with the need to treat large volumes of aqueous solutions. Therefore, the present paper had as its main objective the identification of the minimum photocatalytic oxidation period during which the aqueous solutions of 4-chlorophenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol can be considered as readily biodegradable. Thus, the results of photocatalytic oxidation and biodegradability tests showed that, regardless of the concentration of chlorophenol and its type, the working solutions become readily biodegradable after up to 120 min of irradiation in ultraviolet light. At this irradiation time, the maximum organic content of the aqueous solution is less than 40%, and the biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand (BOD/COD) ratio is much higher than 0.4. The maximum specific heterotrophic growth rate of activated sludge has an average value of 4.221 d−1 for 4-chlorophenol, and 3.126 d−1 for 2,4-dichlorophenol. This irradiation period represents at most half of the total irradiation period necessary for the complete mineralization of the working solutions. The results obtained were correlated with the intermediates identified during the photocatalytic oxidation. It seems that, working solutions initially containing 4-chlorophenol can more easily form readily biodegradable intermediates.


This paper presents a reactive Sense and Avoid approach using spherical image-based visual servoing. Avoidance of point targets in the lateral or vertical plane is achieved without requiring an estimate of range. Simulated results for static and dynamic targets are provided using a realistic model of a small fixed wing unmanned aircraft.


Single-crystalline, single-c-domain Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 nanoislands (truncated-pyramid in shape) with an average height of ~9 nm and a base length of ~50 nm were grown on compressive niobium-doped SrTiO3(001) substrates using chemical solution deposition. Cross-sectional highresolution electron microscopy investigations allowed to propose a growth model of the islands, and they proved the existence of edge-type misfit dislocations at the interface.


BACKGROUND
Minute ventilation recovery time is a new predictor of extubation outcome that uses a subjective method for the determination of baseline minute ventilation (V(E)) during its measurement. The purpose of the current study is to evaluate the inter-rater reliability of this subjective method for determining baseline V(E).

METHODS
Three critical-care physicians served as independent readers. Each was trained with 5 practice V(E) trends, using the published method for determining baseline V(E), defined as the lowest, stable nadir lasting 15-30 min prior to the final weaning trial before extubation. Readers then determined baseline V(E) prospectively from an 8-hour V(E) trend for 19 patients who were weaning from mechanical ventilation in the surgical intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital. Each V(E) trend was an objective recording of V(E) every 15 min for 8 hours, immediately prior to the final weaning trial before extubation.

RESULTS
There was excellent inter-rater reliability between trained readers for determination of a subjective V(E) baseline. Baseline V(E) was within 1 L/min for 15/19 patients (79%). Intra-class correlation across the 3 readers was 0.92 (p < 0.01). Tukey's test revealed no significant variability between readers (p > 0.5), and Spearman correlations between all reader pairs were significant (p < 0.01).

CONCLUSION
After minimal training, readers can reliably determine a subjective baseline V(E). This study validates the original methodology for determining baseline V(E), an essential step in the measurement of minute ventilation recovery time.


Artificial mouths used in telephonometric measurements are calibrated to produce a frequency‐independent sound pressure of a known level at a given calibration point. Common practice in the telephone industry has been to measure this sound pressure with a Type L Laboratory Standard Microphone, using its free‐field response curve. For a fixed artificial mouth calibration, the sound pressure indicated by various Type L microphones has been determined over the 100–10000‐Hz frequency range. The results show an expected difference at high frequencies between "free‐field" microphones and "pressure" microphones with a free‐field correction applied. They also show an overall shift in level that depends on the microphone geometry. This latter result can be attributed to differences in the effective acoustic centers of the microphones. Using a Type M microphone and moving the calibration point farther from the lip ring of the artificial mouth substantially reduces the difference between the indicated and true free‐...


The authors notice the low vaccine cov- erage rate among European citizens and inventory the multiple reasons leading to the non-use of pre- ventable infectious diseases vaccines in adults whose mortality consequences represent an important and un- expected burden of diseases. These facts are in close re- lation with the disruption of vaccine recommenda- tions after the childhood vaccine program, the poor lit- eracy knowledge concerning vaccines among the gen- eral population, but also unfortunately among physi- cians and other health care workers. Popular beliefs, fear of side-effects, fear of needles facilitated the con- stitution of active non-vaccine groups which conduct to the reappearance in non-vaccinated adults and with dramatic consequences of preventable childhood in- fectious diseases. This careful analysis of the current preventable infectious disease vaccine coverage in old adults leads to propose a life course vaccine pro- gramme including adult vaccinations as part of healthy aging as well as old adults' vaccine guidelines inte- grated in health prevention programs. (Aging Clin Exp Res 2009; 21: 258-263) © 2009,EditriceKurtis should be part of a comprehensive strategy to promote healthy aging, a priority for the European Commission and policy-makers throughout Europe (1). With the ex- ceptionofthefluvaccine,manypeoplebelievethatvac- cinationisrelevantonlyforchildren,butvaccinescanhelp to protect adults against a host of infectious, and some- timesdeadly,diseases.Indeed,moreadultsdiefromvac- cine-preventable diseases each year than children (2). Theseincludeinfluenza,pneumococcaldisease,tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), polio, Herpes zoster,hepatitisAandB,andsometropicaldiseases. Althoughvaccinationisparticularlyimportantforper- sons aged 60 years and older, as well as persons with chronic diseases and other high-risk conditions, such as compromised immune systems, we argue below that vaccineprogramstopromotehealthyagingshouldstart atage50,beforeage-relatedimmunologicaldeclinehas begun. Notonlydoesvaccinationpreventmorbidityandmor- talityduetopneumococcaldiseaseandinfluenza-related complications(3);italsoreducescostlyhospitalizationsand admissionstolong-termcarefacilities.Olderadultswho receiveinfluenzavaccinationarelesslikelytobeadmitted tohospitalduringtheinfluenzaseason,andthosewhoare admittedtendtohaveshorterin-patientstays.Theuseof pneumococcalvaccinealsoreduceshospitaladmissionsfor pneumococcal pneumonia - and, when influenza and pneumococcalvaccinationareusedincombination,there appearstobeanadditiveeffect(4). Togetherwithreducingmortalityandmorbidityasso- ciatedwithinfluenzaandpneumonia,vaccinescanalsore- ducecomplicationsassociatedwithchronicillness.Forex- ample, pneumococcal vaccine not only reduces adverse outcomesassociatedwithpneumococcaldisease;itmay alsohelptopreventcongestiveheartfailure(5). Vaccinationmayalsohaveanindirecteffectonreducing the transmission of the pathogens they are designed to combat in the environment. In a few European coun-


Plantations of the Populus clones 'Blom' and Fritzi Pauley' (balsam poplars), 'Androscoggin' (balsam hybrid), 'Oxford', 'Rap', and 'Rochester' (balsam/black poplar hybrids) and 'Dorskamp' and 'Robusta' (black poplar hybrids), on 13 Netherlands sites considered unsuitable or only moderately suitable for poplars, were evaluated at 5-14 year old. The soils were chiefly sand and peat, some loamy soil and one heavy clay. Site indices at different ages and height m.a.i. are shown for each clone and its planting sites. Preliminary conclusions are that on the sand and peat soils the new clones grew well or fairly well, but reclaimed peat soils were an exception, mainly because of rooting problems. Very high water tables affected root development (and hence growth) and K uptake. Like other black poplar hybrids, P. 'Dorskamp' was not suitable for soils with low water tables in the growing season, despite rapid growth in the first years. Clay soils caused initial (but not lasting) rooting problems.


PL 0001 Transjugular-intrahepatic-portosystemicshunt at first portal hypertension related decompensation (very-early-TIPS, VETIPS) compared to pre-emptive and traditional TIPS in patients with cirrhosis Authors: DR. CYRIAC ABBY PHILIPS, DR PHILIP AUGUSTINE, DR SASIDHARAN RAJESH, DR TOM GEORGE, DR RIZWAN AHAMED, DR GURUPRASAD PADSALGI, DR SANDEEP KUMBAR, DR SOMSHARAN BETGERI, DR JINO THOMAS, DR TOM KURIEN Affiliation: The Liver Unit and Gastroenterology, Cochin Gastroenterology Group, Ernakulam Medical Center, Kochi, India, Department of Interventional Radiology, Cochin Gastroenterology Group, Ernakulam Medical Center, Kochi, India, Department of Gastroenterology, Caritas Hospital, Kottayam, India , Department of Interventional Radiology, Caritas Hospital, Kottayam, India


The device (10) has a ceramic positive temperature coefficient thermistor (30) dimensioned in such a manner that voltage drop does not exceed more than 40 voltage/millimeter over the thermistor, which is developed from multiple positive temperature coefficient thermistor elements (32) formed in rows and parallel. The thermistor elements exhibit a thickness of approximately 2 millimeter and breadth of approximately 6 millimeter. The thermistor elements are implemented as ceramic components with non-linear resistance characteristics.


We present an approach to endow an autonomous underwater vehicle with the capabilities to move through unexplored environments. To do so, we propose a computational framework for planning feasible and safe paths. The framework allows the vehicle to incrementally build a map of the surroundings, while simultaneously (re)planning a feasible path to a specified goal. To accomplish this, the framework considers motion constraints to plan feasible 3D paths, that is, those that meet the vehicle's motion capabilities. It also incorporates a risk function to avoid navigating close to nearby obstacles. Furthermore, the framework makes use of two strategies to ensure meeting online computation limitations. The first one is to reuse the last best known solution to eliminate time‐consuming pruning routines. The second one is to opportunistically check the states' risk of collision. To evaluate the proposed approach, we use the Sparus II performing autonomous missions in different real‐world scenarios. These experiments consist of simulated and in‐water trials for different tasks. The conducted tasks include the exploration of challenging scenarios such as artificial marine structures, natural marine structures, and confined natural environments. All these applications allow us to extensively prove the efficacy of the presented approach, not only for constant‐depth missions (2D), but, more important, for situations in which the vehicle must vary its depth (3D).


We study a bootstrap method which is based on the method of sieves. A linear process is approximated by a sequence of autoregressive processes of order p = pn, where pn ! 1 ; p n = on as the sample size n ! 1. F or given data, we t h e n estimate such a n A R pn model and generate a bootstrap sample by resampling from the residuals. This sieve bootstrap enjoys a nice nonparametric property. We show its consistency for a class of nonlinear estimators and compare the procedure with the blockwise bootstrap, which has been proposed by K unsch 1989. In particular, the sieve bootstrap variance of the mean is shown to have a better rate of convergence if the dependence between separated values of the underlying process decreases suuciently fast with growing separation. Finally a simulation study helps illustrating the advantages and disadvantages of the sieve compared to the blockwise bootstrap.


It has been a great honour and privilege to serve as president of the European Society of Cardiovascular Surgery. As one reviews the list of legendary surgeons who have been or are members of this Society, the magnitude of this distinction is even more apparent. When, in Montpellier, I was encouraged by friends, respected surgeons in the Society and past presidents to accept this task, I accepted the Presid~ncy with mixed feelings of humility and anxiety. Smce 1957 the presidential address has been named the Leriche Memorial Lecture, in honour of the ~eat surgeon, scientist and philosopher Rene LerIche ~ho was the founding father and first president of this Society. His achievements in the first half of the century are still accepted physiological concepts, recognized arterial syndromes and operations perfor~ed today. When Rene Leriche died in 1955 1 was still finishing my medical school studies and even the ~der active members of this Society only know him om his achievements. ' It was in 1957, during my military service in Liege, that the late professor Christophe almost sent me to ~ork ~or another past president of this Society, Rene ~ntame at the University Clinic in Strasbourg Ir ere Leriche had been the head for many years. t~s.te.ad,.1 went to the Netherlands for my formal ammg in general surgery and later learned thoracic ~urgery in the old St Antonius hospital with SchaepJens van. Riempst, Another vascular giant, Edwin ~ck Wyhe at the University of California, San FranCISCO, for whom 1 worked had an important influence On my cardiovascular career. This great teacher's Perpetual search for innovation and perfection was Co . Wnl~muouslY tempered by his quest for honesty. y ie frequently paid tribute to the fundamental


The study of functional connectivity of the human brain has provided valuable insights into its organization principles. Studies have revealed consistent and reproducible patterns of activity across individuals which are referred to as resting-state networks. Although these have been studied extensively, the direction of information flow between these regions is less understood. We aimed to study this by analyzing resting state scans from 20 subjects (11 male and 9 female, all healthy) and capturing the functional interdependence of 32 regions of interest spanning the different resting state networks using a Mutual Connectivity Analysis (MCA) framework with non-linear time series modeling based on Generalized Radial Basis function (GRBF) neural networks. The resulting networks are then analyzed to explore patterns of directed connectivity across the subjects. Using the general linear model, we observe that the nodes of the salience network particularly shows patterns of directed influence within as well as outside the network (p<0.05, FDR corrected). Additionally, the anterior cingulate cortex exhibits a strong outgoing influence on various regions of the brain. Such directional influences of the RSNs have not been reported previously. These results suggest that our framework can effectively capture patterns of distributed and directed connectivity occurring in the brain network and can therefore serve to enhance our understanding of its organizational principles.


An opinion piece that suggests teaching students to paraphrase can have a negative effect on their ability to use sources in writing.


Teacher research as an international movement since the 1970s has been advocated worldwide to promote school curriculum reform and the professionalization of school teachers. University-school collaborative action research is a new attempt to support school teachers who learn to do research in their classrooms while providing opportunities for university researcher to develop a better understanding of classroom practice with more effective strategies to support teacher change. Such collaborative research has been promoted in the recent curriculum reform in basic education in China. This paper reports on an action research project conducted by school teachers supported by university researchers in the Chinese context with a focus on examining the roles and gains of university researchers in this project. Data was collected through project meeting observations, questionnaires, interviews and participants' reflective journals. Both quantitative and qualitative analysis methods were used respectively for analyzing the data collected. The purpose of this study is to understand better the nature of such collaborations and the gains as well as challenges on the part of university researchers so that implications can be drawn for establishing a sound university-school collaborative research body that promotes the professional learning of both parties.


Three important indexes in comprehensive hospital building were selected,combined with Shenzhen Longgang district hospital development status and medical and health need,it pointed out that national and local comprehensive hospital building index had drawbacks in bed average land square,bed average building square and functional house square ratio set,it also proposed how to regulate every local urban comprehensive hospital building standard,so as to adapt different development requirements.


Background: Depressive disorders and restless legs syndrome (RLS) demand particular attention because sleepiness, daytime fatigue and loss of interest are symptoms attributable to both depressive disorders and RLS. Moreover, a high comorbidity rate is observed. The aim of the present study was to compare polysomnographic data of patients suffering from RLS, RLS and depressive symptoms, and major depressive disorders (MDD). Methods: Sleep EEG recordings of patients suffering from RLS (n = 25), RLS and depressive symptoms (n = 38), as well as MDD (n = 15) were compared. Results: Compared to patients with MDD, both groups with RLS had statistically decreased values of sleep continuity, including sleep efficiency, sleep onset latency and wakening after sleep onset. Patients with RLS or RLS and depressive symptoms had also decreased slow-wave sleep compared to patients with MDD. Conclusions: Objective sleep assessment supports previous findings: RLS is a disorder seriously affecting sleep, even compared to MDD. Concomitant symptoms of depression do not seem to additionally deteriorate sleep, though they trigger differences in treatment.


Abstract Today's society, driven by aggressive marketing campaigns, shows an appetite for everything new and state of the art. The life span of a given product type, in these conditions, becomes shorter and shorter. To remain competitive, manufacturing enterprises need to keep up with these dynamic market variations, by always adjusting the offer according to competition. On top of this, the poor economic conditions add additional pressure on optimization and efficiency in order to cut costs and maximize profit. Enterprises have understood that the "time to market" becomes a decisive factor that separates successful enterprises from lagers. This time to market can be shortened only by increasing flexibility in the manufacturing process. The purpose of this paper is to present IBM's framework for manufacturing integration, which matches plant floor solutions with business systems and suppliers. IBM's manufacturing integration framework focuses mainly on achieving flexibility by enabling a low coupling design of the entire enterprise system through leveraging of Service Oriented Architecture and Manufacturing Service Bus as best practices.


OF THE DISSERTATION Monitoring the Binding Processes of Black Tea Polyphenols to Bovine Serum Albumin Surface using Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation Monitoring by MONTHANA CHITPAN Dissertation Director: Professor Chi-Tang Ho Among three major types, green, oolong, and black tea, black tea is the most popular of tea consumption as indicated by almost 80% in the industry of tea production with 3 billion kilograms. Theaflavins and thearubigin are two main polyphenols that give black tea its characteristic color and taste. Theaflavins are classified as the mixtures of four compounds including theaflavin (TF-1), theaflavin-3-gallate (TF-2a), theaflavin-3'gallate (TF-2b), and theaflavin-3, 3'-digallate (TF-3). There are numerous epidemiological studies both in vitro and vivo have indicated that black tea polyphenols including, theaflavins, and thearubigin, have ability to be antioxidative, antiinflammatory, anti-mutagenic, and anticancer properties, consequently reducing the risk of non-communicable degenerative diseases such as cancer, and coronary heart disease. Tea polyphenols have been reported to interact with proteins such as salivary proline-rich protein, bovine serum albumin, and milk protein. Some studies reported that the interactions between polyphenols in tea and proteins might lead to the loss of bioavailability of polyphenols and their bioactive capacity.


Main topic of this reseach is planning instalation system of road lighting and power supply on long main bridge between islands in Indonesia, with object of interest on Suramadu Bridge. In order to guarantee safety and comfortably for Suramadu Brigde user, design of lighting system has to standart wich recommended by CIE (Commission International on Illumination). This research would like to take sample are: different kind of lamp, armature, and lighting equipment which produced by PT. Philips Indonesia. Final result of this research conclude that road lighting lamp which comfortable on Suramadu Bridge is high pressure lighting orhighpressure sodium (SON) SON-TP type. Beside that,armature which comfor tably used on Suramadu Bridge is Velocity SGP 338 type.According with CIE recommenda tion, installing point pattern of lighting on Suramadu Bridge using Opposite System with lamp capacity 400 W or Opposite and Twin Central System with lamp capacity 250 W. Installing of road lighting is recommeded to use duct cable, because its installingfaster than the others, have small failure risk, and easy on planning, operating, commisioning, and expanding on next time. Electrical distribution lines should use radial type 20 kV middle voltage by using sub feeder (transformer) on right and left side of bridge to suppl y road lighting power on Suramadu Bridge. Manual analysis results voltage drop equal as 0,00991 Voltatau 0,05 %.If using ETAP Software, this system results voltage drop equal as 0,011 Volt atau 0,05503 %. Finally electrical power suppl y system on Suramadu Bridge have approved with voltage drop requirements according with PLN recommends equal as 5%.


Because the aziridines in analogous series had shown olfactory properties, it was of interest to examine some aziridines of pulegone compounds.


An improved reconstruction algorithm of the boundary surfaces within 3Dimages was proposed based on the fractional differential,which can reconstruct more detailed structures of the 3Dirregular biomedical objectives.Thus,the deficiency of reconstruction more detailed information in the was proposed based on the fractional differential,which can reconstruct more detailed structures of the 3D irregular biomedical objectives.Thus,the deficiency of reconstruction more detailed information in the traditional algorithm was overcome.According to the separateness of the Fourier Transformation of the fractional differential,the 2Dcalculus was extended to 3D,and the 3Ddiscrete templates were deduced.Due to the nonlinear enhancement,the 3Dfractional differential can enhancement the 3Dslice data significantly.By comparison with the traditional reconstruction method of the 3Dboundary surfaces,the improved algorithm could detect and extract more detailed 3Dstructure information by using the 3D fractional differential.The proposed algorithm was applied in the reconstruction of the 3Dirregular structure of the neuron within confocal microscopy images,which demonstrated the high efficiency and property,it can be easily extended to other research fields of 3Dvisualization.


We develop three new quantum algorithms for searching the desired target state in the unstructured database of size N. The first algorithm requires Log N iterative steps. It constructs two quantum bags of equal size in terms of two quantum states, out of which exactly one quantum state will have nonzero overlap with the target state. This determination of overlap is done by taking the inner product, in Log N time [2], of the implicitly known target state with any one of these two quantum states. The second algorithm requires just one single step which uses a new suitable operator and the choice of this operator is problem dependent, i.e. it depends upon the number of qubits required to be used to represent an element in the index set. The third algorithm again requires only a single step and this algorithm makes use of a fixed (same) operator. It is known that algorithm for unstructured database search can be easily adaptable for solving NP-Complete problems. However, the computational complexity of NP-Complete problems after the adaptations of both the classical as well as quantum [1] search algorithms remains of the exponential order as the exponent for quantum [1] algorithm changes only to one-half times the exponent for classical algorithm. But for our quantum algorithms the exponent falls substantially so that our new quantum algorithms for unstructured search are capable if reducing the computational complexity of NP-Complete problems to polynomial order!


Oleander ( Nerium oleander L. Apocynaceae) is a Mediterranean evergreen shrub widely grown as an ornamental for its abundant and long-lasting flowering as well as its moderate hardiness. Widely used for ornamental purposes in India, nerium flowers have a very limited life after they have been cut off from the mother plant, as survival on their own reserves is generally low due to the special morphological and physiological characteristics of their tissues. In this present study, the evaluated using different chemicals treatments viz ., boric acid, citric acid, GA 3 and sucrose to study the longevity of the flower viz ., flower blooming, freshness, colour fading, physiological loss weight and shelf life. This experiment revealed significant influence, when flowers were treated with GA 3 -200 ppm polybag packed in (T 10 ) and when treated with sucrose solution 2% and polybag packed in (T 2 ), on the flowering characters of nerium.


The project investigated the development and improvement process of a R744 (CO2) commercial heat pump water heater (HPWH) package of approximately 35 kW. The improvement process covered all main components of the system. More specific the heat exchangers (Internal heat exchanger, Evaporator, Gas cooler) as well as the expansion device and the compressor were investigated. In addition, a comparison to a commercially available baseline R134a unit of the same capacity and footprint was made in order to compare performance as well as package size reduction potential.


Standard domain adaptation methods do not work well when a large gap exists between the source and target domains. Gradual domain adaptation is one of the approaches used to address the problem. It involves leveraging the intermediate domain, which gradually shifts from the source domain to the target domain. In previous work, it is assumed that the number of intermediate domains is large and the distance between adjacent domains is small; hence, the gradual domain adaptation algorithm, involving self-training with unlabeled datasets, is applicable. In practice, however, gradual self-training will fail because the number of intermediate domains is limited and the distance between adjacent domains is large. We propose the use of normalizing flows to deal with this problem while maintaining the framework of unsupervised domain adaptation. The proposed method learns a transformation from the distribution of the target domain to the Gaussian mixture distribution via the source domain. We evaluate our proposed method by experiments using real-world datasets and confirm that it mitigates the above-explained problem and improves the classification performance.


The crisis of the history promoted by the linguistic turn is analysed like a crisis of the historians. These historians in crisis insist on a mistake. They use analytical strange instruments to the historical thought. In this crisis there is a conception of language that needs to be revised by the history. For so much, an appeal is done here to notions resulted from the semiology of the discursive practices. The objective is to present a set of concepts that are more efficient and adapted for the historical inquiry.


important benchmark for research on party organization and the attitude structure of the mass public. Perhaps more importantly, the survey instrument was designed to facilitate a number of experiments on question placement and question wording. These data are analyzed in a preliminary manner in chapter 8, and in several instances the effects are dramatic. Consequently, the data provide an important benchmark for scholarship on questionnaire design effects, and are an important resource for secondary analysis.


My thesis deals with texts that are either often not investigated in their entirety or that have large portions of their narratives overlooked in favour of more traditionally popular sections. The stories and descriptions of monstrous races included in these texts, many of which are cornerstones of western myth – cynocephali, amazons, cyclopes, giants, dragons, etc. – were inherited by the Early Middle Ages from its Greco-Roman past and redeployed in response to shifting frontiers, both literally and metaphorically in order to make sense of their new world. My thesis is very much an inter-disciplinary study, making use of anthropological and literary theory concerning social identity and the conceptions of the fabulous, miraculous, and the monstrous and combines a close textual analysis of primary source material with a detailed reconstruction of the context in which these texts were created and transmitted. What was it about these particular texts that resulted in their widespread transmission? How were these descriptions of the monstrous used to define the other? How were these same descriptions used to define barbarian groups? Was there a geographical link between where these texts placed their monsters and real geographical frontiers? How were texts like this used to shape a Christian identity in such a way that it was distinct from a non-Christian one? These questions and others like them will lie at the heart of my thesis.


(A) Abstract The existence of heroes and anti-heroes with a peculiar characteristic, known as double person- ality, has become common in literature worldwide. However, differently from what it is known about this moral division of personality, which is characterized by both a "good personality" and an "evil personality", the cases of Dissociative Personality Disorder or Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD) are much more complex and present structure and mechanism peculiarly de- veloped. Such clinical entity is studied under the light of psychoanalysis in this article, with the objective of developing conjectures which can provide explanations about its etiology and also its working mechanism. Two historical cases: Sybil Dorsett, a girl with 13 personalities, and Karen (R)


The Preliminary Studies of Proposition raised as Investment Project for Creating the UN Centre for Physical Activity for Senior Citizens in Quevedo, allowed perform diagnostics UN General Situation People That Live the Third Quevedo age, not have a place they can ACUDIR one Perform Physical Activity and receive personalized attention, and that physical exercise is considered as one Medicine for Soul and Body.
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Objective: To observe the metabolism of eleutheroside B,metabolism of eleutheroside E to decide the standard product and stab five plus effective parts in rats. Methods: 10 times of common doses for rats to the stomach thorn metabolism effective parts,collecting 1,2,4,6,8,12h hours of rats 12h intestinal contents and the vitrointestinal flora from rats then,the proportion of 4ml 1g: according to water,13000r o min-1 centrifugal,take supernatant fluid by using HPLC detection thorn metabolof metabolism B thorn five plus glucoside E. Results: The rats cans in the stomach thorn,after five and effective parts in the big ShuFen within 12h and force test less than thorn five plus the effective components and metabolites,and after intestinal contents of rats,it was concluded that the study showed stab after five and effective parts were completely metabolism,but the detection didn't stab metabolism of eleutheroside B,darting metabolism of eleutheroside E. Conclusion: Qin chlorogenic acid and Yiqin Piding in rats' skin in intestinal flora metabolism. In vivo studies show that spurs five plus effective parts after the metabolic absorption is fully present,but can't detect metabolism of eleutheroside B darting metabolism of eleutherosideE,and speculate that their metabolites are directly absorbed by rats.


The concept of a spin polaron is introduced and contrasted with the more familiar ionic polaron picture. A brief review of aspects of ionic bipolaronic superconductivity is given with particular emphasis on the real-space pairing and true Bose condensation characteristics. The formation energy of spin polarons is then calculated in analogy with ionic polarons. The spin-flip energy of a Cu spin in an antiferromagnetically aligned CuO{sub 2} plane is discussed. It is shown that the introduction of holes into the CuO{sub 2} planes will always lead to the destruction of long-range AF ordering due to the formation of spin polarons. The pairing of two spin polarons can be expected because of the reestablishment of local (short-range) AF ordering; the magnitude of the pairing energy is estimated using a simplified model. The paper closes with a brief discussion of the formal theory of spin polarons.


(57) ABSTRACT Knob-type operator provided on an operation section is provided with a switch mechanism that switches between ON and OFF states in response to depressing operation of the operator along the rotation axis of the operator. Operator operation detection circuit outputs, to a CPU, a rotated amount and direction corresponding to rotating operation of the operator. The rotated amount corresponding to rotating operation of the operator is converted into a variation amount of a setting of a parameter to be controlled. Reso lution with which to associate the rotated amount with the variation amount can be set to any one of two types of resolution, coarse resolution and fine resolution. The rotated amount is converted into the variation amount in accordance with the currently-set type of resolution, and the parameter setting is changed on the basis of the variation amount.


Social control in India existed even before the country became independent. The existing literature argues that social control is of many types and has a definite purpose. It is found among tribes, the police, army and even political parties. Social control therefore works to discipline the behaviour of individuals in most nuanced ways, as it shapes the cognitive abilities of the people concerned While India gained independence in 1947, this paper argues that social control in post-colonial societies like India and elsewhere, has evolved from being simple to more complex. The central argument of the paper is that, social control theories are deterministic in nature i.e., they often pre-suppose that people are anti-social in their behavior. As a result, solutions are often directed towards reforming or correcting such 'anti-social' behavior. Thus, 'stigma' and 'labeling' are often the consequences of social control. The paper attempts to highlight both the positive as well as devastating effects of social control. The method adopted by the paper is qualitative


The diameters of axial fibers that support the cribellar threads of uloborids are shown by electron microscopy to be related to web architecture . Cribellar threads produced by the simple-web species Miagram- mopes animotus and M. sp. are supported by the radial threads along which they are deposited . The axial fibers of these threads have smaller diameters than those of the self-supporting cribellar threads that are deposite d between radial threads by members of the orb-weaving speciesOctonoba sinensis, Siratoba referena, and Uloborus glomosus and the triangle web-species Hyptiotes cavatus . Among these six species, axial fiber diameter is directly related to the maximum distance that a cribellar thread spans in the web . However, in O. sinensis and H. cavatu s there is no intraweb difference in the diameters of axial fibers from short and long cribellar thread spans . Spider orb-webs are highly organized, mini- mum-design structures whose architectures and thread characteristics appear to be interdepend- ent (Craig 1987; Denny 1976 ; Eberhard 1990). In the family Uloboridae, cribellar thread forms the web's spiral prey capture element . This thread has two components : small, looped cribellar fi- brils that form its outer surface and a pair o f larger axial fibers that lie within this sheath o f cribellar fibrils and are thought to support th e thread (Fig. 1; Peters 1983, 1984, 1986). In this family, reduction of the orb-web is correlate d with an increase in the stickiness of the web' s capture threads (Opell 1994), resulting from a n increase in the number of cribellar fibrils tha t form their outer surfaces (Opell pers. obs.). The purpose of this study is to determine if thes e changes in web architecture are also associated with changes in the diameters of the cribella r thread's axial fibers. As uloborid web architecture changes, th e amount of support that the axial fibers of thei r cribellar fibrils must provide should also change . In orb-webs and in triangle-webs produced b y members of the genusHyptiotes Walckenaer, cri- bellar threads extend across radii (whose diam- eters are at least two times those of the cribellar threads' axial fibers) and are self-supporting (Lu - bin 1986). In the reduced webs produced byPo- lenecia producta (Simon) and by members of the genus Miagrammopes O. Pickard-Cambridge,


114 pp. Bookmarks supplied by UO. Includes maps and figures. Earlier version of this plan adopted by the City of Eugene, July 1990; current version published November, 1999. Captured February 15, 2008.


The magneto-hydrodynamic system perturbed by white noise is cast as a stochastic partial differential equation taking values in an appropriate Lusin space. The martingale problem associated with this SPDE is shown to be well-posed under suitable conditions.


BACKGROUND
Great attention has been paid to the antioxidants present in farmed fish feeds, with the replacement of synthetic antioxidants by natural ones being a main objective. In the present study, Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) was fed a conventional diet that was enriched with different kinds of antioxidants: synthetic antioxidants (butylated-hydroxy toluene and ethoxyquin; diet I), a tocopherols-rich mixture (diet II) and a tocopherols-rosemary extract mixture (diet III). A comparative study of the sensory and physical changes observed in the corresponding frozen products was undertaken.

RESULTS
After 18 months at -18 °C, fish previously fed on diet I showed higher putrid and rancid odours and rancid taste scores, while lower mean typical odour and taste values were attained. Dripping and expressible moisture values obtained for diet II-fish were lower when compared with their counterparts belonging to the diet I; additionally, microstructure analysis revealed that Z-lines integration was better preserved in fish corresponding to diets II and III.

CONCLUSION
Diet II has been recognised as being the most profitable to be employed to maintain the sensory and physical properties of the frozen product when long-term storage is considered. Further research is to be continued to optimise the natural antioxidants profile.


Photometric observations of the prototype variable BL Her are described. The reddening, metallicity, temperature, and surface gravity of the star are determined. A Baade-Wesselink analysis is made to determine the radius and distance to the variable. The mass of the star is determined to be 0.75 solar, placing it in the range of RR Lyrae variables. The metallicity of +0.20, however, is greater than that of any known RR Lyrae variable.


Since 1969 the specification for corrosion protection of steel bridges in coastal areas of Norway has been to apply a thermal spray zinc (TSZ) duplex coating, and from 1977 this practice also applies for inland bridges. The duplex coating consists of TSZ with a protective paint coating on top. The corrosion protection experiences with these coatings are very good in all environments from C2 to C5. The majority of the bridges with duplex coatings have never had any coating maintenance, although the oldest ones now have a 50 years lifetime. The duplex coating has degraded to varying extent on most of the bridges, though, as must be expected. A statistical analysis of duplex coating performance, as function of exposure environment and age is presented in this paper.


It has been just six years since the Journal of Building Performance Simulation published a two-part special issue on modelling occupants. The motivation then, like now, is to improve the predictive power of simulation to support better design, retrofit, and operations of buildings. We will not elaborate here, as this background and motivation is flushed out in virtually every published paper on occupant modelling and simulation! In 2011, the guest editors of the special issue on occupant modelling noted that many areas required future research and development, with priorities of: developing occupant models from time use survey data; coupling occupant activity models with behaviour and movement/ presence; developing occupant models for broader contexts; and sharing model parameters. Since 2011, there has been a flurry of activity and formalized international collaboration. Most notably, International Energy Agency Energy in Buildings and Communities Annex 66 on "Definition and Simulation of Occupant Behavior in Buildings" has brought together over 100 experts from 16 countries to embark on a fouryear research programme. Annex 66 has played an important role in mixing engineers, architects, other designers, and social scientists. Annex 66 was the impetus for the current two-part special issue, for which the guest editors are active contributors. However, despite considerable advances made in the research community, the state of building occupant modelling and simulation research has barely penetrated practice (and O'Brien, Gaetani et al. in the current SI examine exactly this topic). Moreover, to paraphrase Aristotle, "the more we know, the more we know we don't know". Several papers in the current SI concluded that major fundamental questions remain unexplored. Given this circumstance, we set out to focus the current SI on contemporary fundamental contributions to the field of building occupant modelling and simulation, while following a structure that consists of three major stages of occupant research: data collection, modelling, and simulation. The conceptual structure of this two-part special issue is outlined in Figure 1.


In given clause is considered as aggressive, aggression become in the future the basic reason for display deviation of behaviour of the teenagers; as the cruelty and aggressive behaviour are caused with disputed situations in school collective.


Results: Significant correlations were found between peak-HR of the CPET and the following ICG indices: Peak-CI (Cardiac Index) – R = 0.74; p < 0.0001; Peak-CO (Cardiac Output) – R = 0.72; p < 0.0001; Peak-SI (Stroke Index) – R = 0.72; p < 0.0005. Other specific correlations were shown between: Peak-CI and Peak-VO2: R = 0.82; p < 0.0001; Peak-CO and Peak-VO2: R = O.72; p < 0.001; Peak-SI and Peak-O2P: R = 0.76; p < 0.001; Peak-SV and Peak-O2P: R = 0.76; p < 0.001. Conclusions: Such significant and crossover correlations between the indices of both above tests may validate the ICG indices as reliable for non-invasive hemodynamic evaluation and may further establish the CPET indices for similar, though indirect, physiological assessment. J Clin Basic Cardiol 2010; 13 (online): 4–7.


Purpose – This paper investigates the potential wage impacts of a shift to more environmentally sustainable production patterns. Design/methodology/approach – The empirical analysis is carried out using labour force survey data and interval regressions. Findings – Estimates at the individual level suggest that small wage differentials exist: individuals employed in green industries earn about seven per cent more than those working in non-green industries. Originality/value –To date, very little is known about the characteristics of jobs in the green industry and by extension, the labour force effects that can emerge or change as a result of transitioning towards a greener economy.While exploratory in nature, this analysis seeks to shed light on an underdeveloped area of research, namely, wage inequalities associated with transitioning towards green growth.


To adapt to online detect and restore outliers from data streams efficiently,an online detecting and restoring method for outliers over data streams,called ADR(adaptive detecting and restoring),is proposed.It applies improved Kalman filtering with the amnesia factor to identify outliers at the future timestamp first.And it introduces interpolating wavelet directed by the resolution guider,which determines interpolating resolution based on change speed of data-values,to restore outliers.It adapts to the different requested precision for outliers repairing over evolving data streams well.


The on-line fault diagnosis technique based on search coil method for detecting inter-turn short circuits in turbo-generator rotor winding is used. Based on completely different properties of induced electric potential signals in the air gap and noise characteristic of the generator operated in different conditions is analyzed, wavelet transform and Mallatpsilas local maximum de-noising algorithm is presented, thereby realizes the detection of shorted turns fault and finds the fault slot position in turbo-generator rotor windings. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the method is particularly suitable for on-line fault detection of inter-turn short circuit in turbo-generator rotor windings.


The pollen morphology of eight species belonging to two genera, i.e., Boerhavia L., and Commicarpus Standley, of the family Nyctaginaceae, was studied by light microscope and scanning microscope. The family has uniform pollen characters. Pollen grains mostly spheroidal, pantoporate, ± circular, pores small or large, non-operculate, pore plate ± scabrate-spinulose. Tectum tubuliferous spinulose.


In the context of treatment effect estimation, this paper proposes a new methodology to recover the counterfactual distribution when there is a single (or a few) treated unit and possibly a high-dimensional number of potential controls observed in a panel structure. The methodology accommodates, albeit does not require, the number of units to be larger than the number of time periods (high-dimensional setup). As opposed to modeling only the conditional mean, we propose to model the entire conditional quantile function (CQF) without intervention and estimate it using the pre-intervention period by a l1-penalized regression. We derive non-asymptotic bounds for the estimated CQF valid uniformly over the quantiles. The bounds are explicit in terms of the number of time periods, the number of control units, the weak dependence coefficient (beta-mixing), and the tail decay of the random variables. The results allow practitioners to re-construct the entire counterfactual distribution. Moreover, we bound the probability coverage of this estimated CQF, which can be used to construct valid confidence intervals for the (possibly random) treatment effect for every post-intervention period. We also propose a new hypothesis test for the sharp null of no-effect based on the Lp norm of deviation of the estimated CQF to the population one. Interestingly, the null distribution is quasi-pivotal in the sense that it only depends on the estimated CQF, Lp norm, and the number of post-intervention periods, but not on the size of the post-intervention period. For that reason, critical values can then be easily simulated. We illustrate the methodology by revisiting the empirical study in Acemoglu, Johnson, Kermani, Kwak and Mitton (2016).


In order to standardize fuel management and improve economic efficiency, this paper analyzes current situation of production and operation and fuel management of the thermal power plant, introduces the composition and main functions of the fuel management information system, and summarizes the system characteristics and application effect. The future research and application directions such as the unattended motoring coal entering plant, intelligent digital coal yard, coal blending are introduced, to set up fuel intelligent comprehensive control information system.


Williams examines RCMP intelligence Bulletins drafted during World War Two that have been declassified under the Access to Information Act. Williams' Analysis of the Bulletins suggests that the Canadian intelligence gathering apparatus underwent a massive expansion during the war. The RCMP began investigating people and organizations based upon their race, religion, political affiliation or nationalist beliefs. Ultimately, Williams suggests that contemporary tactics mobilized against perceived terrorist threats parallel tactics used during the Second World War


In this paper, we construct new self-dual codes from a construction that involves a unique combination; <inline-formula><tex-math id="M1">\begin{document}$ 2 \times 2 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> block circulant matrices, group rings and a reverse circulant matrix. There are certain conditions, specified in this paper, where this new construction yields self-dual codes. The theory is supported by the construction of self-dual codes over the rings <inline-formula><tex-math id="M2">\begin{document}$ \mathbb{F}_2 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><tex-math id="M3">\begin{document}$ \mathbb{F}_2+u \mathbb{F}_2 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><tex-math id="M4">\begin{document}$ \mathbb{F}_4+u \mathbb{F}_4 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>. Using extensions and neighbours of codes, we construct <inline-formula><tex-math id="M5">\begin{document}$ 32 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> new self-dual codes of length <inline-formula><tex-math id="M6">\begin{document}$ 68 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>. We construct 48 new best known singly-even self-dual codes of length 96.


M. M. Liau, A. Santosa, J. Huang and L. C. Tan Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, National University Health System (NUHS), 1E Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore, 119228, Singapore; and Department of Dermatology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Conflict of interest: the authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. Accepted for publication 29 December 2016


t is my hope that the subject of my remarks today, the decline of professionalism, meets the stern criteria defined by the Founder of the Society, Benjamin Franklin. In fixing the standard of promoting "luseful knowledge:' Walter Massey wrote that Franklin's purpose was to stimulate ideas worthwhile to society. A serious decline in professionalism in any of the learned professions is inevitably injurious to the society in which it functions, and in order to evaluate the seriousness of such a decline, one must examine the setting in which that decline occurs. We must ask whether it is isolated and peculiar to one profession or whether there is also a decline in other professions and other human activities. I see disturbing evidence that there has been a broad decline in professionalism over the past twenty or twenty-five years, not only in the three learned professions in the clergy, in medicine, and in the law-but in many other important activities. For example, those who serve in the "money markets" including "Wall Street," in banks, and in savings and loan institutions -have inflicted severe damage on the public. Some have called this period a "Greed Era." The decline of professionalism, especially in the law, has taken on epidemic dimensions. I do not make such a statement lightly. John J. Yanas, President of the New York State Bar Association, recently stated: "Greed and avarice seem to permeate every facet of life in this country and the practice of law has not proven to be immune. . . ." He then goes on to state:


Many embedded real-time applications have strict time constraints to perform computations and access I/O devices. However, aspects related to real-time scheduling algorithms may interfere with the execution of jobs reducing the benefit of a task. We assume that the execution of a job has a positive benefit if performed inside an ideal time-interval. Operations performed before or after this ideal time-interval are considered worthless to the system. We propose a new task model for dynamic task scheduling where tasks are composed by segments and one of them must execute inside an ideal time-interval. This time-interval represents a valid execution interval and has a QoS function to assign a benefit according to the time the job executes.


R educing the incidence and slowing the progression of diabetes related microvascu-lar complications remains a difficult challenge. In the case of diabetic retinopathy, tight glucose and blood pressure control are difficult to achieve and maintain in practice, yet still only provide partial protection against sight threatening complications in the lifetime of a person with diabetes. 1 More than 250 000 patients every year develop sight threatening diabetic retinopathy in the United States alone, 2 often despite good compliance with antidiabetic and antihyperten-sive treatments. Furthermore, the morbidity and healthcare costs associated with diabetic retino-pathy are likely to escalate as the prevalence of type 2 diabetes increases and as patients with diabetes live longer. For example, the effectiveness of cholesterol lowering drugs and angio-tensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in preventing macrovascular (mostly coronary heart disease) deaths, as well as the wider use of renal replacement therapy, means that patients with diabetes related complications are more likely to survive to experience the distress of failing visual acuity as a result of retinopathy. Thus, as well as improving systems for eye screening and detection of retinopathy, new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed as an adjunct to existing treatments—glucose and blood pressure reduction , photocoagulation and vitreous surgical techniques—to improve visual outcomes for patients with diabetes. Several biochemical mechanisms have been identified in the pathogenesis of hyperglycaemia induced vascular damage, but increased de novo synthesis of diacylglycerol (DAG), the endogen-ous activator of protein kinase C (PKC), is especially important in mediating a variety of unwanted functional and structural abnormalities in vascular tissues (fig 1). 3 Adding and removing PO 4 groups to intracellular proteins, via kinases and phosphatases respectively, is an important regulatory system for activating and deactivating tissue enzymes, receptor pathways, and transcription factors controlling gene expression. PKC mediated phosphorylation of numerous substrate proteins at serine or threonine residues triggers a cascade of pathophysiological responses. 4 In diabetic retinopathy, PKC mediated changes in endothelial permeability, 5 blood flow, 6 and both the formation and response to angiogenic growth factors 7 contribute to retinal leakage, ischaemia, and neovas-cularisation (fig 1). PKC activation also contributes to loss of capillary pericytes, 8 an early feature of diabetic retinopathy. In addition, because of cross-talk between different signalling pathways, hyperglycaemia induced PKC activation augments biochemical responses triggered by other pathophysiological mechanisms— for example, hypoxia, 9 shear stress and raised capillary pressure, and/or increased activity of the local renin-angiotensin system. …


The work presents the results of studying the influence of the tobacco intoxication on the feto-placental complex of white rats using experimental model of «passive Smoking». Revealed pathological signs of placental insufficiency (reduction of the weight and thickness of placentae; reducing the number of fruit capillaries and maternal sinuses while reducing their diameters; cir-culatory disorders in the form of a sharp hyperemia, edema, hemorrhage in the labyrinth layer placenta; foci of ischemia and thrombosis maternal gaps with the development of a major ischemic heart attacks; the formation of large pockets of destruction of trophoblast cells with the formation of various sizes cavities and other), which contributed to the delay in fetal develop-ment and the emergence of cases of fetal death.


The European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser (European XFEL) is a research facility that opens the way to unprecedented time (up to 15 fs) and spatial resolution. This review contains a short description of the 6 European XFEL instruments and studies implemented on them.


The present invention relates to a novel catalyst for producing cast polyamides, processes for preparing them, and to their use.


Seawalls play a very important role in protecting Japan's coastline, but they may sometimes be destroyed by high waves. The leaning revetment is a common type of seawall structure. The modes of destruction of the leaning revetments were classified into two types: sliding of the bottom of the revetment bodies in the offshore direction, and joint fracture. However, factors which choose each destruction mode were unknown. In this study, experiments were conducted to inspect destruction processes of leaning revetments and its factors in putting emphasis on behaviors of revetments' bodies. The results of the experiments indicated that blocks in front of revetments might restrain sharp sliding of revetments' bodies, and a joint fracture might occur if an impulsive wave force acted on a revetment in particular conditions.


As an art form mainly depicting the view of nature in Chinese and Western painting systems,land- scape paintings both in China and the West have some similar peculiarities.But the differences between them are also obvious.With the respective natural idea and aesthetic interests,and different creating methods and the space context,the two have formed their art features respectively.


Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the influence of factors affecting entrepreneurial intention and finally show the relationship between those factors on entrepreneurial intention.
Research methodology: This study used explanatory and inferential methods. Data was collected using a closed-ended questionnaire. The program used was SPSS Version 16.00.
Results:  We found a positive and significant relationship with all the factors besides entrepreneurial education and gender differences.
Limitation: The study is limited to the respondents' bias and restriction to only one particular university.
Contribution: This study's results contribute to understanding the importance of entrepreneurial education to the university and arranging more seminars and case study and introducing some inspired entrepreneurs for the student's betterment.
Keywords: Autonomy, Entrepreneurial education, Entrepreneurial intention, Need for achievement, Locus of control


We revisit 26 meta-features typically used in the context of meta-learning for model selection. Using visual analysis and computational complexity considerations, we find 4 meta-features whose values are directly relevant to certain ranges of predictive accuracy for 7 learning algorithms on 135 UCI datasets. Discretization of these 4 meta-features based on thresholds derived from our analysis significantly boosts the accuracy of the meta-level classification task.


The principle of official capacity irrelevance,one of the most important principles of international criminal court,was established during the two world wars and several other armed force conflicts. It mainly refers to the individual who has official capacity would not take the immunity as a shield to escape from prosecution and punishment. This paper attempts to give suggestions on China's preparation and countermeasures,including deepening the study of the theory and practice of international criminal law,making proper use of the rules of international criminal law,taking an active role in the development of international criminal law,and safeguarding the international rule of law and the interests of our state.