These are notes for a class on double affine Hecke algebras and Macdonald polynomials given in the Fall of 2007 at the University of Minnesota. Here we deal with the rank one situation. We are following chapter 6 of Macdonald's book [Mac] and chapter 2 of Cherednik's book. These notes are still under construction. 1. A1: The Rogers polynomials Fix an indeterminate τ and let C = Z[τ] be the Laurent polynomial ring in τ . Let R = A1 be the root system of type A1. Thus (1.1) R = {α,−α} ⊆ V = R. Write (1.2) ω = 1 2 α and L = Zω ⊆ V. The extended affine Weyl group is (1.3) L ⋊ W0 ≃ Ztω ⋊ {1, s1}, and is the group with generators s1 and u and relations s 2 1 = 1 and u 2 = 1. In terms of this presentation, tω = us1. Define (1.4) s0 = us1u −1 = us1u The affine Hecke algebra HY is the C-algebra with generators T1 and U and relations (1.5) T 2 1 = (τ − τ )T1 + 1 and U 2 = 1. Define (1.6) T0 = UT1U −1 = UT1U and Y = UT1. Let Λ be the lattice (1.7) Zω ⊕ 1 2 Zc and let C[X] be the group ring of Λ over C. Write (1.8) X = X, q = X and q0 = X 1 2 . The algebra HY acts C[q ± 0 ]-linearly on C[X], with action determined by (1.9) U.X = qX and T1X n = τX + (τ − τ)(X − X)/(1 − X). It follows that the Y -action is given by (1.10) Y.X = UT1.X n = qτX + (τ − τ)(qX − qX)/(1 − qX). Define a partial order on the set of monomials Xn by (1.11) 1 < X < X < X < X < · · · 1


The invention discloses a preparation method of lithium sulfide powder. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) drying sulfur powder; (2) under inert atmosphere protection, mixing the dried sulfur powder with lithium hydride powder in a mole ratio of 1:(1-3), adding the obtained mixture into a sealed ball-milling tank, and carrying out ball-milling on the mixture for 1-24 h under the condition that the rotating speed is 100-500 r/min at room temperature; and (3) after the ball-milling reaction is completed, under inert atmosphere, taking the powder out of the ball-milling tank, so that the lithium sulfide powder is obtained. The preparation method of lithium sulfide powder disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of simple process, low cost, and easiness for industrialized production.


The Next Ion Medical Machine Study (NIMMS) is an umbrella R&D programme for CERN accelerator technologies targeting advanced accelerator options for proton and light ion therapy. In collaboration with the European programme HITRIplus, one area of study is slow extraction which is required to deliver a uniform beam spill for radiotherapy treatment. Several techniques use the third-order resonance to extract hadrons; these include betatron core driven extraction and radiofrequency knock-out. Flexible simulation tools using these techniques were prepared and initially benchmarked with results from the literature that used the Proton-Ion Medical Machine Study (PIMMS) design. The limits of the current PIMMS design were then pushed to evaluate its compatibility to deliver 10x higher intensity ion beams, and using increased extraction rates.


Many scholars have made the argument that the trial is disappearing from use in the American legal system. In response to Marc Galanter's piece, A World without Trials?, this Essay argues that, in fact, the rest of the world is moving toward trials for a host of international legal disputes. What can explain this divergence? The development of ADR in the U.S. met a number of needs including saving time and money, alleviating docket overload, and giving individuals more involvement in the legal process. In the international realm, however, these needs were quite different. The judicialization of international disputes has occurred in the areas of human rights, economic and trade disputes, and border and maritime disputes. In each of these areas, the international community was willing to trade sovereignty for the development of clear, certain and enforceable rights. In the end, the common thread linking these two seemingly contradictory trends is the question of voice and procedural justice. Many have argued that ADR provides more voice and control for parties than litigation provides. At the same time, litigation through the World Trade Organization, International Court of Justice, and international human rights courts provides voice for parties and countries that have never before been able to participate equally under traditional modes of diplomatic settlement. Both procedural trends are actually trying to accomplish the same goals for the different clients they serve.


The wave of popular protests that unsettled the mostly autocratic political order of the Middle East in 2011 had its roots in economic concerns. This is palpable from the words of the protesters themselves: "Hosni Mubarak, you agent, you sold the gas and only the Nile is left to be sold" – "I am an Egyptian labourer [...] where's the money the companies are making [...]?" (Brynen et al. 213). Early reporting on these protests, that would come to be known as "The Arab Spring", characterised the movement as an uprising of the poor and poverty stricken whose numbers within society had increased to a point of inevitable retaliation. Despite this pervasive attitude of an overall degradation of the average person's economic standing, evidence shows that Gini scores in most Middle Eastern countries have actually been improving. There has been an overall improvement in measurable equality in both Egypt and Tunisia since the mid-1970s. Furthermore, according to Figure 1, a steady increase in GDP/capita since the early 1990s is additionally perplexing. Simply, how is it possible that a protest movement, allegedly rooted in grievances over economic inequality and poverty, was initiated at a moment in time when, according to robust indicators, economic conditions in the region had actually been improving? To answer this question, a heterodox economic approach must be adopted that emphasises the "economics of perception", whereby individual perception of economic conditions may be more deterministic of levels of political mobilisation than the calculated status of those standards.


Objective To investigate the effects of nicotinamide on HaCaT cells irradiated by Narrowband-UVB light.Methods The MTT assay was applied to measure the proliferation of HaCat cells.The expression of CXC receptor 2 on keratinocytes was analyzed by flow cytometry and the contents of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) in supernatant was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.The cells were divided into two groups,which underwent and did not undergo irradiation of UVB,each group received intervention of nocotinamide at various concentration for 24,48,or 72h,respectively.Results The findings indicated that nicotinamide at the concentrations of 0.5-2.0 mg/mL did not affect the proliferation of HaCaT cells.The levels of TGF-β1 in supernatant of the cultured keratinocytes were decreased gradually along with nicotinamide dosages increasing when its concentration was more than 0.1 mg/mL.The change patterns of TGF-β1 levels secreted by normal cultured HaCaT cells and irradiated cultured cells were respectively similar.The expression of CXCR2 on cultured cells irradiated by narrowband-UVB light were increased obviously,which were inhibited by nicotinamide during dosages of 0.5-1.0 mg/mL However,0.5 mg/mL nicotinamide did not impact on expression of CXCR2 on normal cultured cells.Conclusion Nicotinamide plays a role of photoprotection by inhibiting secretion of TGF-β1 and expression of CXCR2 on kerotinocytes irradiated by narrowband-UVB light.


Designed to enhance curriculum building for educators who wish to introduce into their classrooms some ideas about Asian philosophy and spirituality, this annotated bibliography centers on Eastern traditions emphasizing holistic or universal consciousness. The bibliography of multicultural literature highlighting holism in the writings of Eastern and Western spirituality presents an alternative to the longstanding trend toward dualistic Anglo-European cultural hegemony in Western education and offers a fresh perspective for interested teachers. Listings are categorized as fiction or nonfiction, with critical discussions of books and materials, and recommendations for classroom use. The six books listed under "fiction" were published between 1955 and 1991. The 11 books listed under "nonfiction" were published between 1977 and 1990. The themes presented in the bibliography can be included in units addressing holistic awareness, respect and compassion for others, environmental preservation through oneness with nature, and other themes, and can be introduced into language arts, social studies, history, or other subject areas by teachers seeking new ideas in values clarification and multicultural instruction. (NKA) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. *********************************************************************** The Spiritual Traditions of the East: A Bibliography for Elementary and Middle School Teachers Richard D. Stewart Indiana University, Bloomington


secured' (p. 44) and 'a community of shared imagination and practice' that musters information aiding 'the attainment of Enlightenment or of God' (p. 74, 98). Throughout, we learn much about altruism, sacrifice, human rights, 'death as a necessary condition of life' (p. 51), and the importance of integrating emotions and reason, not least because of modern research on 'interconnected brain systems' (p. 66). Given the complexity of modern mixed economies of world views, the driving ethic of the book lies with the need for mutual understanding, with 'love, in all its own immense diversity', being 'the absolute imperative' (p. 116). To keep the main text tight, three detailed, appendix-like 'additional texts' cover 'Treaties in Islam', 'Christianity and other religions' and 'Text and interpretation in religions'. Islam, with its internal divisions, historical shifts and meanings of jihad, offers much to a general reader throughout a book I much enjoyed. However, two key criticisms remain with me. First, too little is said about identity (despite p. 71). Some inclusion of Hans Mol (for example, Identity and the Sacred, Blackwell, 1976, or Adam J. Powell, Hans Mol and the Sociology of Religion, Routledge, 2017) dealing with the sacralization of identity and its defence against aggressors, critics or out-group people would enhance Bowker on meaning making, boundary maintenance and identity dynamics. Second, there is not enough on fear. While Bowker is excellent on binding emotion and rationality together, one reason why religions do harm as well as good is because of fear – of others, uncertainty, meaninglessness, death, afterlife destiny, and of one's self-identity. With an excellent index and bibliography, this 'little big' book is welcomed in itself and as an invitation to engage with John Bowker's extensive contribution to religious studies and theology.


While the Assemblies of God (AoG) in French Polynesia insist on the dimension of choice in their definition of Pentecostal belonging, in contrast with the 'historical' Protestant identity inherited from parents, the conditions under which Pentecostal conversions take place lead us to qualify this simplistic opposition. The institutional recognition of personal conversion (through immersion baptism) by AoG ministers depends, in fact, on the regularisation of the conjugal situation. In so doing, they alter the process of conversion by transforming a supposedly personal decision into a conjugal and family negotiation. Adopting a gender perspective, the author first shows how the modalities of conversion to Pentecostalism and responsibility for such conversion vary significantly according to the gender and conjugal situation of the individual concerned. She goes on to question the signification of the 'autonomy' and 'individual freedom' promoted by Pentecostalism in so far as these are associated with a traditional division of gendered roles focused on the upholding of 'familial values'.


Enterprises has to develop software rapidly to meet the changing requirement and technology of society.As a useful modeling tools UML can make the software development process visible.Agile modeling is a light weight-based software development method.Using agile modeling as a methodology in the whole process,and modeling in simple,iterative and incremental can solve the problem of requirement changes.Agile modeling based on UML can improve software development velocity and quality,as well as create com-petitive advantages for enterprises.


Gujarat is a state located in the North-West coast of India. It is known locally as Jewel of the West. It has an area of 196,204 km2 (75,755 sq mi) with a coastline of 1,650 km (about 990 mile). As per the Government notification of Gujarat State, an area of 457.92 km2 of MNP & S includes 148.92 km2 of 42 small and big Islands with coral reefs and mangrove forests and 309 km2 intertidal areas along the coast. Coastal area is the most dynamic and productive ecosystems, industry and tourism (Xiaojun, 2008). The physicochemical qualities of sea water are very important and critical for the health biodiversity existing in entire Gulf of Kachchh. The analysis of physico-chemical and plankton in the present study has achieved some important findings. The obtained results highlight that there is a pronounced variation in most of the water quality parameters with variation in season and geographical location.


Background: Although asthma has recently been established as a risk factor for pneumococcal disease (PD), few studies have specifically evaluated this association in children. Methods: We conducted a nation-wide population-based cohort study of the effect of asthma on childhood PD among all singleton live births in Denmark from 1994 to 2007, before the introduction of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. All data were abstracted from Danish medical registries. Because underlying comorbidity substantially increases the PD risk in children, standard methods were used to assess the evidence of biologic interaction between comorbidity and asthma on the risk of PD. Results: There were 2,253 cases of childhood PD among 888,655 children born in Denmark from 1994 to 2007. The adjusted incidence rate ratio of the effect of asthma on childhood PD was 2.2 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.0, 2.5). Age-stratified incidence rate ratios were 2.1 (95% CI: 1.8, 2.9) in children 6 months to , 24 months, 4.1 (95% CI: 3.3, 5.1) in children 24 months to , 60 months, and 2.3 (95% CI: 1.6, 3.2) in children $ 60 months. Evaluation of the biologic interaction between asthma and comorbidity in older children revealed that 55% (24 months to , 60 months) to 73% ( $ 60 months) of cases among asthma-exposed children can be accounted for by the interaction between asthma and comorbidity. Conclusion: These results confirm that asthma is an important risk factor for PD in children and suggest that children with underlying comorbidities are more sensitive to the effect of asthma on PD than children without comorbidities. Clinical Epidemiology is an international, peer-reviewed, open access, online journal focusing on disease and drug epidemiology, identifica-tion of risk factors and screening procedures to develop optimal pre- ventative initiatives and programs. Specific topics include: diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, screening, prevention, risk factor modification, systematic reviews, risk & safety of medical interventions, epidemiol- ogy & biostatistical methods, and evaluation of guidelines, translational medicine, health policies & economic evaluations. The manuscript management system is completely online and includes a very quick and fair peer-review system, which is all easy to use.


Ammonium magnesium carbonate tetrahydrate crystallizes with an orthorhombic unit cell, a = 7.697, b = 10.287, c = 6.639 A, Z = 2; Dx = 1.595, DM = 1.61 ± 0.01 Mg m−3. An indexed powder pattern is given.


THIS PAPER DESCRIBES A BEHAVIORAL MODEL FOR ESTIMATING THE USE OF PARKING SPACES IN A CBD. THE MODEL EXAMINES DRIVERS' ULTIMATE DESTINATIONS IN THE CBD AND USES RELATIONS BETWEEN WALKING TIME AND PARKING COSTS TO SIMULATE THEIR CHOICES OF PARKING FACILITIES. THE MODEL RECOGNIZES THAT PEOPLE DIFFER AS TO HOW THEY EQUATE WALKING TIME TO PARKING COST AND THAT DRIVERS DESTINED FOR A PARTICULAR BLOCK IN THE CBD DO NOT NECESSARILY ALL USE THE SAME PARKING FACILITY. THE MODEL PROVIDES FOR THE DIFFERENT CHOICES BY DISTRIBUTING PERSONS IN EACH BLOCK AMONG DIFFERENT PARKING FACILITIES ON THE BASIS OF TIME AND COST. BY ALLOCATING PARKING DEMAND ON THE BASIS OF DRIVER BEHAVIOR, THE MODEL PROVIDES A VALUABLE TOOL FOR STUDYING THE LOCATION OF NEW PARKING FACILITIES. ITS APPLICATION IS PARTICULARLY RELEVANT TO THE SITING OF PERIPHERAL PARKING FACILITIES SERVED BY PEOPLE-MOVER SYSTEMS.


In his comments on Behera and Yamagata (2003) (hereafter referred to as BY), Hastenrath (2003) (hereafter referred to as H03) has raised several issues related to the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). Although most of them are already discussed in detail in recent articles published elsewhere (Yamagata et al. 2002, 2003; Behera et al. 2003a; Saji and Yamagata 2003a), it appears that H03 does not recognize those. Therefore, we will repeat the essential part here to avoid confusion of readers of the Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan.


This paper introduces a level 3 charging system which aims to reduce the charging time to less than 15 minutes with 350 kW charging power. Two architectures of a fast charging station based on the isolation requirement through low and high-frequency transformers are introduced and discussed. Focusing on the DC-DC charging stage, this paper also provides a detailed comparison of the Dual Active Bridge (DAB) converter and the Interleaved Buck Converter (IBC), which are considered as two of the most suitable converters that can serve as a fast DC charger. Technical evaluation and comparison based on different performance indices such as volume, efficiency, number of components etc. as well as simulation of the two converters are presented. Finally, comparison results are introduced and a final discussion and conclusion are presented on which topology seems more optimum to be used as a fast DC charger.


This paper discusses advertising narrative as an important classifying operator of the modern contemporary culture. The classification exercise is noticed as a central practice in the organization of different societies. The classificatory vocation of advertising will promote the sensory links among subjects and consumer goods, forging identities disarticulated from the tradition and establishing new parameters for social transit. Media messages ratify ads turning consumption into a phenomenon that, besides defining the meaning of goods, elaborates our social identity and sensory experiences.


We compare two Picard groups in dimension 1. Our proofs are constructive and the results generalize a theorem of J. Sands [11]. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


The differentiation of acute heart failure from pulmonary causes of dyspnea remains a clinical challenge. This industry-supported Swiss trial evaluated whether incorporating B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels into the diagnostic strategy affects duration of hospital stay and treatment costs.

In a prospective, controlled, single-blind study, investigators randomized 226 patients with pulmonary disease …


We consider stochastic evolution of particles moving on Z with opposite speeds. This model of interacting exclusions admits a hyperbolic (Euler) scaling, and its hydrodynamic limit results in the Leroux system of PDE theory. The basic model can be modified by introducing a spin-flip, or a creation-annihilation mechanism. In a regime of shock waves the method of compensated compactness is applied. We are going to discuss usefulness of another tool of the theory of conservation laws, the technique of relaxation schemes is extended to microscopic systems. 2000 Math. Subj. Class. Primary: 60K31; Secondary: 82C22.


In forestry, statistical modelling has long been an effective tool in quantitative assessment of tree sizes using various probability distributions on tree diameters at breast height (dbh). It is however still unclear that which family of probability distributions, viz., symmetric, skewed, or heavy-tailed models are more flexible to this end, especially in forests within a small area like Garhbeta sal ( Shorea robusta ) coppice forest of West Medinipur district, West Bengal. Here we provide a comprehensive analysis of several descriptive and inferential statistics to identify the best-fit probability distribution in tree diameter estimation. Our sample data set comprises tree diameters (22-44 cm) of 80 randomly selected sal trees, aged between 40-50 years. Twelve candidate probability distributions, namely, exponential, exponentiated exponential, Frechet (inverse Weibull), gamma, Gaussian, inverse Gaussian, Levy, lognormal, Maxwell, Pareto, Rayleigh and Weibullare were used in this study. The Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method is applied for the parameter estimation, whereas the Fisher Information Matrix (FIM) based surrogate approach is used for uncertainty analysis. We determine the best-fit distribution(s) from two goodness-of-fit tests: Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) minimum distance criterion. Results reveal that (i) the exponentiated exponential distribution provides the best fit, (ii) the Frechet, gamma, Gaussian, inverse Gaussian, lognormal and Weibull distributions provide the intermediate fit and (iii) the rest, namely exponential, Levy, Maxwell, Pareto and Rayleigh distributions fit poorly to the observed tree diameters in the study area. Finally, we discuss some theoretical issues related to the selection of appropriate models. However, further studies encompassing multi-variable tree diameter data are recommended to arrive at a reasonably acceptable probability model useful for assessing timber production in forests.


Proline's content was estimated in different organs of durum wheat; dry wheat seeds (caryopsis), seeds during germination, second and third leave's level in different degrees of water alimentation: 75%, 50.0, 42.5, 35.0, 25.0 and 12.5% of the field capacity. Four genotypes of durum wheat Triticum durum DESF were studied from three different origins; Algeria, France and Mexico. Results showed that proline's content was low in dry wheat and in seeds during germination, and increased by decrease of water supplies. This amino acid estimation during experimentation, allowed us to classify the studied genotypes into 3 main groups: Genotypes with high proline accumulation (Mexicali). Genotypes with low proline accumulation (Clairdoc). Two intermediate genotypes MBB and OZ. These differences among genotypes can be exploited in parietal selection with relation to water deficit.


C-reactive protein (CRP) is a known pro-inflammation biomarker and important predictor of migraine headache. Many studies have detected higher levels of CRP in patients suffering from migraine headache than normal subjects. Etiopathology has been related to ongoing sterile inflammation of intra and extra cerebral blood vessels and the subsequent release of proinflammatory neuropeptides from perivascular nerve endings. The present study was performed on 50 females suffering from chronic migraine (CM) and their CRP levels were compared with normal persons. We intended to find the correlation between CM and CRP levels as such patients are also predisposed to various other associated cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events like stroke and ischemic heart diseases. Therefore, early detection of CRP levels in migraine sufferer may be helpful in treatment of migraine headache and in prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Mean value of C-reactive protein estimation was significantly higher (< 0.001) in patients group as compared to normal controls. On comparing results of sub group A, (migraine with aura) and sub group B (migraine without aura) with control group, differences were significant. On other hand, result of comparison between groups A with B was not significant. Finally, we could conclude that the present study supports that CRP an inflammatory marker was significantly higher in migraineurs in comparison with normal subjects. By these findings, the role of sterile inflammation could explain the cause of onset and progression of migraine headache.


The purpose of the present study was to examine a model of foster parent training in which specific therapeutic parenting skills (communication and conflict resolution) were taught to foster parents by other previously trained foster parents. A comparison was made of how well these skills were learned under this condition as compared to when instructors were mental health professionals. Pre-to posttest measures revealed that foster parents who received training from either the professional or nonprofessional staff showed greater acquisition of these skills than did a comparison group of untrained foster parents, and that trained foster parents and professional staff did not differ substantially in their ability to transmit these skills.


Juvenile ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic arthropathy that predominantly affects boys after the age of 10 years. We report a clinical case of a 16 years old aged male, who presented in the emergency room with a painful red eye, severe photophobia, and tearing right eye. The slit lamp examination was showing unusual anterior uveitis with hypopyon. The visual acuity was 2/10 in the right eye. The slit lamp examination of the left eye was unremarkable. The clinical results were in favour of Juvenile ankylosing spondylitis (Figure 1).


This article reviews the state of Canada's undergraduate research opportunities (UROs) in the life sciences across various institutions. Survey data gathered in 2019 from 20 departments in 14 universities show that all responding departments offer well-established forms of research that include credit-based directed studies or honors-thesis courses. Paid research opportunities are offered by 80–95 percent of the responding departments. Newer-generation UROs such as course-based undergraduate research experiences and inquiry-based lab courses were found to be offered by more than half of responding departments. Additionally, 60 percent reported having co-curricular and student-driven URO initiatives. Overall, the survey data reflect a well-established and growing portfolio of UROs at universities across Canada.


The present invention relates to a process for the production of Sacubitril (AHU-377, I), one of the components of the new blood pressure lowering drug, LCZ696, which comprises the asymmetric induction reagent (S) -1- ) Cyclic addition, debenzylation, cyclization, esterification and amidation of 2-methyl-2-naphthalenol and 2R-methyl-4-oxo-butanoic acid ). The above production method is easy to obtain the raw material, simple in process, economical and environment-friendly, and is very suitable for industrial production.


AbstractThe retirement age of industrial workers in national pension schemes is being raised. However, many industrial workers are not able to work until they have reached the increased retirement age. This problem is decreasing social security, increasing workers anxiety regarding the future and influencing the quality and timing of production processes. Disruptions and lower quality items produced in one activity cell of a supply chain can have a ripple effect throughout an entire supply chain. To solve this problem, we should put in place supplementary occupational pension schemes, which would compensate firms for the depreciated ability of their elderly workers to work when they have reached the previous retirement age but have not yet reached the new, higher retirement age. This article is introduces a model that is based on extended MRP Theory. The model can be used as a basis for negotiations between employers and employees to keep production at the same level of quality. The trade-off between high...


In the title molecule, [Cr(C27H26P2)(CO)4], the Cr atom is octahedrally coordinated by the four carbonyl ligands and a bidentate phosphine ligand, which is bonded as a chelate in a cis position. The average Cr—P and Cr—C bond lengths are 2.3770 (5) and 1.865 (2) A, respectively.


Abstract : Today's Army faces an environment much different from that which it prepared for in the Cold War. Massed armor battles, for which the Army was trained and equipped, have become much less likely while involvement in smaller and more limited conflict has become more probable. Future conflict is more likely to resemble Grenada, Panama, or Somalia than Desert Storm. As world demographics shift from rural to urban areas, cities can not be avoided as a likely battlefield, and have already played a prominent part in Army combat operations in the last decade. To keep pace in this changing environment, the Army must look to the cities when developing doctrine, technology, and force structure. Attack helicopters are inextricably woven into the fabric of combined arms operations. But for the Army to operate effectively as a combined arms team in an urban environment, both aviators and the ground units they support must understand the capabilities and limitations attack helicopters bring to the battle. To avoid the high casualties and collateral damage likely in an urban fight against a determined opponent they must train and prepare before they fight. This paper presents a historical perspective of how attack helicopters have already been used in this environment. It also discusses the factors that make city fighting unique, and the advantages and disadvantages for attack helicopter employment in an urban environment, as well as implications for future urban conflicts.


The display device including the thin film transistor substrate, a manufacturing method thereof, and it is provided. A thin film transistor substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention is located on the gate electrode, a gate electrode disposed on the gate insulating film, a gate insulating layer disposed on the semiconductor layer, a semiconductor layer positioned on the substrate, the substrate, a portion of the semiconductor layer to the inlet source contact comprising a hole and the drain contact hole, the interlayer insulating film, and a source contact hole and each of the insertion source electrode and the drain electrode in the drain contact hole that includes an interlayer insulating film is a source contact hole inlet and the drain contact hole exposing It comprises a first convex part formed.


Poster: "ECR 2017 / C-0569 / The value of implementing clinical audit: The experience of the National NHS England PET-CT Clinical Audit Programme" by: "P. Ross1, W. L. Wong2; 1London/UK, 2Northwood /UK"


In this book, Robert Barylski provides a detailed account of the political roles played by leading military officers in the Gorbachev and El'tsin eras. Barylski is especially concerned with assessing whether their political behavior has served to enhance or hinder the process of democratization in Russia. He finds that, on balance, Russian military officers have embraced democratic norms. Barylski points to several instances of democratic consciousness in the Soviet/Russian military during these years. Among these were officers' and soldiers' negative reaction to being ordered to use force against civilians in Tbilisi in April 1989, Baku in 1990, and Vilnius in 1991 by the Gorbachev leadership, which then claimed it was not responsible when adverse publicity resulted. Democratic consciousness was also evident when the Soviet military as a whole refused to support the coup plotters who attempted to seize power in August 1991, and when it acquiesced to the peaceful transition from Mikhail Gorbachev to Boris El'tsin as well as to the breakup of the USSR at the end of 1991. Barylski sees this consciousness as also being evident in the Russian military leadership's reluctance to use force against El'tsin's parliamentary opponents in October 1993, and to its evident distaste for the disastrous military intervention in Chechnia that he insisted on.


Manchuria was a space of opportunity to fill the ambitions to expand Japan. The 〈geography textbooks〉 and other textbooks were represented in the hope of Manchuria to leave korea. Is a space of dreams" wishful pioneering korea's wish be granted. enslave education of the labor force in the colonial center of the presentation of the Greater East Asia. Koreans were in labor, the Japanese in Manchuria that there is an economic activity within the research established the superiority of its own people. in the process of trying to establish links with Japan, ties and Manchuria were often describe it came from a long time ago. Movement of Lords is to create a Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere, and also built the royal is connected, and set to the required space of the Greater East Asia forward. In the textbook as an extension of the territorial ambitions region imperialist aggression in East Asia have emerged as it was geographically part of Manchuria was also a peek. The vision of Japan for the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere is certainly also revealed the colonial textbooks to make the future of the colony. Manchuria is a territory that was extended the space and power of Japan for the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere in the final sense. but as a food base for the conduct of war and labor providers.


Approaches and methods of numerical results filtration are applied for problems solution for partial differential equations. The lows of method, initial data and rounding errors dependence on discretization parameter are found for different methods of boundary problems solution.


The cerebral microvascular system, which includes arterioles, capillaries, and venules, has often been studied as a whole in the past. Compared to the small arteries, we know very little about cerebral venules. Venous collagenosis was first proposed by Moody in 1995. With the development of imaging techniques, we can visualize cerebral venules in vivo by susceptibility-weighted imaging. There is a growing evidence that cerebral venules are associated with related neurological disorders such as cerebral small vessel disease, Alzheimer's disease, and multiple sclerosis. However, the risk factors leading to functional and structural alterations in the cerebral venules and the associated pathogenic mechanisms are not yet known. In this article, we review and summarize the studies related to cerebral venules.


We examine a class of operations for topological quantum computation based on fusing and measuring topological charges for systems with SU$(2)_4$ or $k=4$ Jones-Kauffman anyons. We show that such operations augment the braiding operations, which, by themselves, are not computationally universal. This augmentation results in a computationally universal gate set through the generation of an exact, topologically protected irrational phase gate and an approximate, topologically protected controlled-$Z$ gate.


Background: T2DM is a metabolic disorder that is increasingly becoming a public health concern. The disease is associated with a variety of systemic macrovascular and microvascular complications. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common complication, and it may eventually develop in up to 50% of patients. It is assumed that prolonged use of metformin causes vitamin B12 deficiency. The clinical presentation of vitamin B12 deficiency generally includes haematological and neurological manifestations. The aim of the study is to correlate vit b12 levels in relation to duration of usage of metformin for a period of more than 1 year.Methods: The study was conducted from November 2017 to June 2018 for a period of 7 months which included 50 subjects from both sex groups, aged 18 years and above, on metformin with subjective evidence of neuropathy and compared with vit b12 levels.Results: The study results indicate that there is no significant drop in vit b12 levels in metformin users in significant proportions to cause vitb12 deficient-neuropathy. The p value being 0.658 comparing vit b12 with metformin usage years (<2 yrs, 2-5yrs, 5-8yrs, ≥8yrs).Conclusions: This cross-sectional study indicates that diabetic patients who were on metformin were not having any vit b12 deficiency, though all patients had subjective neuropathy. This suggests that neuropathy is not related to metformin induced Vit B12 deficiency. Therefore, prescribing of vit b12 supplementation in any long term metformin treated patients is no longer necessary and reduces patients financial burden.


Medical Education system of India is one of world's largest. Their quality is of global importance. Corruption in Indian Medical Education system warranted intervention of Supreme Court and led to discussions in International journals. Illegal capitation fee system blocks the admission of meritorious students and subverts the system. Capitation fee, corruption of licensing authorities, over investigations ordered by doctors, rising cost of health care and lowering of standards are inter linked. Regulation of admissions was expected to cleanse the system. National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET) came into force from year 2016. This is the first report on its impact. An opinion survey was conducted among MCI members, Medical College Principals and IMA leaders. A six question questionnaire was created in Google survey forms and communicated through email. Responses received for three weeks. The table and graphs were generated in Excel. The results from groups were combined for analysis. One third of MCI members (38 out of 105 ie36%) responded while it was 3(1·5%) for IMA leaders and 6(2%) for Principals. Among the 47(7·8%) respondents 26(55%) reported admissions were NEET based, 21(45%) reported rank based, 13(28%)reported the application form was not available to all and 16(34%) reported lack of supervision. 37(79%)reported rise in the course fee and 15(32%)opined capitation fee could not be stopped. Number of responses from MCI members points to their sense of responsibility. Low responses from Principals were noteworthy. Many colleges could admit students outside NEET and avoid inter-se-merit; ignoring court verdict. Access to applications forms was limited. The hike in fee was the counter effect. NEET was opposed on the ground of favoring central syllabus in English medium, though supremacy of it over various state syllabi in vernacular is not established. Cautions expressed against coaching centers forming an obstacle before rural and socio-culturally underprivileged students. Rapid growth of Private sector in Indian Medical Education necessitated ensuring MCI norms strictly. Though MCI was unanimous for NEET, there was reluctance to ensure effective implementation. Centralised counseling was actually arranging country wide single window for admissions. But this was not argued prominently anywhere. NEET appears promising, but not enough.


This chapter introduces this book's main issues and questions. How were hagiographic texts used in the discourse of creating or recreating monastic identities? Was there a change in the social function of monasteries, and how did this come about? What was innovative about Jonas's Vita Columbani, and how did he seek to establish new concepts of sanctity based on the community rather than on the individual holy man? It broaches these questions while framing the principal characters and subjects of the book—the life and works of Jonas of Bobbio, Columbanus, and the Columbanian monastic network—within the wider context of the religious and cultural developments of Late Antiquity. It also provides a historiographical introduction to previous scholarship on Jonas and an overview of Jonas's three saints' Lives.


This paper is based on the findings of an exhaustive study of all 75 large K-12 districts in Canada's three western-most provinces: British Columbia, Alberta, and Saskatchewan.  This study encompassed over 1.1 million students and a geographical area of 2,258,483 square kilometers.  Facilitating teaching and learning activities for so many students across such a large territory, with diverse provincial regulations, is an impressive feat achieved by the information technology leaders of the K-12 school districts.  Multiple case study analysis, followed by correlation analysis, were used to explore the nature of IT infrastructure and cloud computing use in Western Canada.  A data transformation model mixed methods triangulation design methodology was used.  This paper discusses the strategies used in Western Canada to deliver educational technology resources through to students, teachers, parents, and district staff.  The findings of this study are that cloud computing is the primary IT infrastructure in Western Canadian K-12 education.  All school districts in the three provinces studied use cloud computing for some aspects of their infrastructure.  In instances where cloud computing infrastructure is not used, school-level LAN and server infrastructure is used.  In addition to being an alternative to cloud computing, the rare instances of school-level server use are either to supplement or complement a district's centralized cloud computing infrastructure, with cloud computing infrastructure existing in parallel.


Legal axiology, as a scientific discipline, allows us to consider both the legal system of the State as a whole, and its individual elements from the point of view of the value foundations that exist in society and in each individual. The consideration of the elements of the State's legal system through value categories allows us to determine the relationship and interdependence of all elements of the legal system. It is especially necessary to note the influence of value categories on the formation of a system of the separate branches of the law, including the financial law of Russia. Value categories have an influence not only on the formation of the elements of the financial law system, but also predetermine their interaction as legal means of regulation of the public finances. The elements of the financial law system, as a branch of law, are the principles of the financial law, the rules of the financial law, and their separate forms of grouping - institutions and sub-sectors of the financial law. The principles of the financial law are the direct legal regulators of public relations in the field of public finance by their nature. Possessing regulatory properties, the principles of the financial law shouldn't be identified with the rules of the financial law, since they are independent legal means of the regulation. The principles of the financial law, on the basis of their regulatory properties, should be considered as elements of a system of the financial law.


Sixty-nine elementary teachers voluntarily attended a career development workshop on integrating engineering into curriculum. A survey previously developed was administered to the group before the beginning of the workshop to assess their perceptions of and familiarity of design, engineering, and technology (DET). Quantitative analysis showed that the teachers thought DET was importance while rated their familiarity low. ANOVA found significant differences in how teachers with different levels of teaching experience rated the importance of DET and their familiarity with DET. The implications on teacher professional development are discussed. Introduction and Purpose Engineering education at the K-12 level is important. From a societal importance point of view, there is a need to educate engineering literate citizens, who can make informed decisions about technology use 1 . From an individual standpoint, engineering literate individuals can get benefits at home and work, such as operating systems correctly and choosing the best consumer products. "Engineering literacy" relates to understanding issues involving conceiving, building, maintaining and designing objects or processes in the man-made world. It is synonymous with "technology literacy" used in the national science standards 2 . In this paper, we will use the term design, engineering, and technology (DET) to capture the broader meaning of engineering education. In comparison to science and mathematics education, engineering education at the K-12 level is underdeveloped 3 . Therefore, National Academy of Engineering (NAE) and National Research Council (NRC) called for developing engineering learning standards at the K-12 level. Aside from the calls for better engineering education infrastructure from the top down, recent studies have also provided evidence that learning engineering content, especially engineering design, can motivate children and help them learn science 4 . K-12 teachers are one of the primary agents in infusing engineering in K-12 education. However, most K-12 teachers do not go through trainings in engineering education during their pre-service education. Hence, teacher professional development programs are necessary to familiarize teachers with engineering content. As a beginning step in developing teacher professional development for K-12 teachers in engineering education, we are interested in P ge 15449.2 exploring teachers' attitudes towards engineering; particularly, their perceptions of engineering and familiarity with engineering content and processes.


The IPTV which was commercialized and is being serviced to customers at present has a complicated GUI (Graphical User Interface) to provide two-way services and a remote control containing more than 40 buttons unlike the conventional TV. Accordingly, the remote control becomes one of the causes that make the usability of the IPTV worsen. In this paper, we suggest a LED button guide system as a solution to improve a usability of the IPTV, and analyze the effects of the interface obtained from the user evaluation on the user action. 핵심어: user centered design, human-computer interaction, UI, IPTV, remote control, LED button, decision support system, context-based system 본 논문은 년 한국정보통신대학교 디지털미디어연구소 학술 연구비 지원에 의하여 연구되었음 2008 . 주저자 한국정보통신대학교 디지털미디어연구소 석사과정 * : e-mail: email@example.com 공동저자 한국정보통신대학교 디지털미디어연구소 석사과정 ** : e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com 공동저자 한국정보통신대학교 디지털미디어연구소 박사과정 *** : e-mail: {clownjjw, email@example.com 공동저자 한국전자통신연구원 융합미디어인프라연구팀 **** : e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com 교신저자 한국정보통신대학교 디지털미디어연구소 교수 ***** : e-mail: email@example.com HCI2009 학술대회


0. According to Bhartrhari, the phenomenal world is a manifold appearance ofsaktis which Sabdabrahman, the seed of all (sarvabija), is assumed to have and which in themselves are not susceptible of modification(aparinamini). In his Vakyapadiya [VP] Bhartrhari describes Saktis in the framework where the VaiSesika categories (padartha) are taken up and equated with them. The aim of this paper is to present, by examining VP III, sadhana, kk. 9(-)15 where such a framework is observed, a few aspects of the sakti Bhartrhari conceives of. The ontological status of the sakti in relation to the ultimately real, that is, its unreality (asatyata) the equivalents for which are avicaritaramaniyata ('the state of being beloved without having been well-considered') and bhedabhedavicaranarhata ('the incapability of predicating the difference and non-difference'), shall be kept aside in this paper.


This study aims to find out the implementation of community participation in the training of environmental fire resistance system in the fire prevention and rescue office of the new johar sector of Central Jakarta. In order for community participation in the training of environmental fire resistance system to run properly requires awareness and awareness of the community to participate in the success of the program. The research method used qualitative descriptive and data collecting technique by interview, observation, literature study and documentation in collecting data which will be the material in this research writing and the researcher took the location at the fire management and rescue office of Johar Baru Sector, Central Jakarta. The result of the research shows that the community's participation has been done well and done, proved by the community members who participated in the training of environmental fire protection system in the area of fire and rescue office of Johar Baru Sector of Central Jakarta. And also the training is carried out in the kelurahan-kelurahan in new Johar district, but in the process of establishment there are still obstacles and obstacles such as lack of communication or socialization to the citizens and the difficulty of community members to participate in SKKL training and the solution is needed a persuasive and conducive approach, focus on improving the capacity of communities who volunteer to participate in SKKL training to participate rather than just achieving certain predetermined goals


Nature of the data, 384. — Scope of the study, 385. — Method of computation, 386. — The small business man not included, 387. — General movement of profits, 387. — Influence of the two Four-Year Plans, 388. — Comparison of industries, 389. — The problem of new financing, 395. — Provisional figures for 1937 and 1938, 396. — Objections: profits may not mean what they say, 397; disposal over profits is not free, 397. — Adjustment for taxes, 398.


In this paper we present known-plaintext single-key and chosen-key attacks on round-reduced LED-64 and LED-128. We show that with an application of the recently proposed slidex attacks (5), one imme- diately improves the complexity of the previous single-key 4-step attack on LED-128. Further, we explore the possibility of multicollisions and show single-key attacks on 6 steps of LED-128. A generalization of our multicollision attack leads to the statement that no 6-round cipher with two subkeys that alternate, or 2-round cipher with linearly dependent subkeys, is secure in the single-key model. Next, we exploit the possibil- ity of finding pairs of inputs that follow a certain differential rather than a differential characteristic, and obtain chosen-key differential distinguish- ers for 5-step LED-64 ,a s well as 8-step and 9-stepLED-128. We provide examples of inputs that follow the 8-step differential, i.e. we are able to practically confirm our results on 2/3 of the steps of LED-128 .W e intro- duce a new type of chosen-key differential distinguisher, called random- difference distinguisher, and successfully penetrate 10 of the total 12 steps of LED-128. We show that this type of attack is generic in the chosen-key model, and can be applied to any 10-round cipher with two alternating subkeys.


This paper expounds the significance of the construction of university library on promoting the campus culture construction and improving the integral school-running level from three aspects of the environment, resources and humanistic solicitude.


In our new paper published in journal Entropy in October 2021, we provide insights on the concept of entropy and its relevance to societal and economic issues, with emphasis on wealth. We claim that the concept is widely misunderstood and misused, for example, to support ideologies related to ecological economics and negative Malthusian perspectives. The negative connotations are related to the fact that popular imagination has loaded "entropy" with almost every negative quality in the universe, in life and in society, with a dominant meaning of disorder and disorganization. We try to reverse the negative popular perception, by stressing the fact that entropy, as a formal mathematical (stochastic) measure of uncertainty, is related to the plurality of options and eventually to freedom.


The Jupiter System Observer Mission Concept: Implementing the Scientific Investigation of the Jovian System Thomas R. Spilker, D. A. Senske, L. Prockter, J. H. Kwok, G. H. Tan-Wang, JSO SDT Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, Applied Physics Laboratory/Johns Hopkins University In response to NASA's Science Mission Directorate call for a study of the Jupiter System Observer mission concept, our team identified and evaluated science and mission architectures to investigate the major elements of the Jovian system. With an extensive tour including multiple close flybys of Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto, and a significant time in orbit at Ganymede, the mission would address a large set of Solar System Exploration Decadal Survey (2003) and NASA Solar System Exploration Roadmap (2006) high-priority objectives. With the engineering team, the SDT evaluated a suite of mission architectures and the science they enable to arrive at two architectures that provide the best science for their estimated mission costs. Those two architectures were given more complete analysis for a higher-fidelity characterization of the science to be achieved, the spacecraft and mission design, operations, mission cost, and the many other aspects of a space flight mission. The result was two mission concepts, both of which provide compelling Jupiter system science. This work was performed at JPL, APL, and other institutions under contract to NASA. Contact: Thomas R. Spilker, Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, MS 301-165, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109-8099 E-mail: email@example.com


It is known that 75 per cent of the total Australian road freight task passes through NSW and the Pacific Highway is a major recipient of this freight. There are numerous crossings of major rivers between Newcastle and the Queensland border and until the late 1960's, steel bridges were preferred as lift spans could be easily incorporated in the design. Over the past 10-15 years, heavy vehicle numbers using the Pacific Highway have increased dramatically, with a stepwise increase in 2001 and exponential growth of about 2 per cent per year otherwise. This growth has been matched by a parallel exponential growth in loads and an even faster growth in axle group repetitions due to the greater utilisation of B-doubles and tri-axle semi-trailers. Three bridges along the Pacific Highway exhibiting fatigue cracking were investigated using a structural dynamics based approach. The investigations revealed numerous compression/tension stress reversals for each heavy vehicle transit. Whilst the dynamic amplification factor (DAF) for a single controlled heavy vehicle transit was comparable with current Codes, the load effect for fatigue from uncontrolled heavy vehicle traffic significantly exceeds the value that would be predicted using the test vehicle factored for dynamic effects and multiple presence. A cost effective fatigue life extension modification was proposed and tested on one of the bridges in this study. This compliant fastener modification in concept reduces the out of plane bending resistance at the stringer-to-cross girder connection, and hence reduces the stress range experienced by the fasteners and cope. In the bridge that was experiencing multiple fatigue and fastener failures every month, no further failures have been recorded in the three years subsequent to installation of the modification. (a) For the covering entry of this conference, please see IRRD abstract no. E218160.


Summary We present two cases of successful microsurgical replantation and revascularization of the thumb of dominating extremity in young men performed in orthopedic department, to whom operative treatment in specialized replantation center could not be performed. Microvasculature of the finger was restored anastomosing microsurgically its artery and vein under operative microscope, and bone fracture was stabilized intramedullary with Kirschner wires. In both cases vitality of the finger was restored, which enabled proper healing of soft tissues and bone, leading to restoration of satisfactory function of the thumb. Due to high value for the function of the hand, thumb injuries threading with its loss should be managed primarily. Due to small vessel diameter those procedures require special instrumentation and trained personnel, and thus shouldbe done in replantation centers. Nevertheless, when treatment in an appropriate center is unavailable, those procedures could also be successfully performed by trained orthopedists.


The catalytic hydrolysis of ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, n-butyl acetate and isobutyl acetate in aqueous solution has been studied statically in presence of Wofatit KPS resin in the hydrogen form. In all those cases where the effect of intraparticle diffusion can be observed, the order of the chemical reaction in the particles of the catalyst was found to be the same as in homogeneous catalysis by a dissolved electrolyte. This was considered to indicate that the reaction mechanism is essentially the same In both cases. The over-all rate was controlled by a combination of internal chemical reaction and intraparticle diffusion but the latter can never be the sole rate-determining step. The values of the catalytic effectiveness were equal to those of the distribution coefficient. The activation parameters E, AH*, AG*, AS* and AA5* were evaluated.


PURPOSE: An electroconductive paste, a method of producing monolithic ceramic electronic part, and a monolithic ceramic electronic part are provided to achieve a conductive paste for forming inner conductor films which cause no structural defects in monolithic ceramic capacitors and exerts substantially no undesired influences over the electrical characteristics of the ceramic layers, even if the sizes of the monolithic ceramic capacitors are reduced more, and the capacitance is further increased. CONSTITUTION: An electroconductive paste comprises an electroconductive metallic powder, a ceramic powder, and an organic vehicle. The ceramic powder is a calcined powder of an ABO3 ceramic in which A represents Ba or Ba partially substituted by at least one of Ca and Sr, and B represents Ti or Ti partially substituted by at least one of Zr and Hf: the ceramic powder containing at least one Re compound, Mg compound or Mn compounds, in which Re is at least one member selected from the group of consisting of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and Y, and wherein the ceramic powder has an average grain size smaller than that of the metal powder and is incapable of sintering at the sintering temperature of the substrate ceramic.


In this paper, we briefly examine the changing landscape of language teaching methodolgies, in particular, English language teaching (ELT). We, then, explore ways in which information and communication technologies (ICTs) have influenced language learning. We particularly consider how mobile technologies may enhance ELT practices in Bangladesh. To this end, we describe the English in Action (EiA) project in Bangladesh which is a major (inter)national ELT initiative employing mobile technologies.


As energy use by datacenters has risen over the years, the costs required to run a datacenter have substantially increased. Several thermal-aware algorithms exist to minimize energy consumption, but comparing these implementations can be difficult. Thermal modelers aid in the juxtaposition of several of these thermal-aware algorithms. Unfortunately, existing thermal modelers can be slow and difficult to use. Agent-Directed Thermal Modeler (ADTM) provides a solution that has a low learning curve and still quickly produces visualizations of a datacenter. The low number of input parameters significantly simplifies the use of ADTM, and its simulation time runs in seconds and minutes rather than hours. The resulting graphical and pictorial output can be used to determine which thermal-aware algorithm works best for a given datacenter.

ADTM is used to compare XInt-GA to random job placement in order to show up to a 13.6% increase in energy savings in an overloaded datacenter. This simulation for both algorithms takes only a few seconds, demonstrating that many thermal-aware algorithms can be compared quickly in order to determine the most effective and realistic algorithm that can be chosen to cool a datacenter.


This article examines the practice of the UN Security Council in the years 1945 to 1975 in light of state responsibility law. The author assesses the political organ's practice in light of the main elements of state responsibility – breach of an international obligation, attribution of a conduct to a state, circumstances precluding wrongfulness and reparation. The author concludes that the UN Security Council's determinations regarding situations Indonesia, India-Pakistan, North Korea, Middle East, South Africa, Cyprus and Southern Rhodesia comprise these elements. The author also comes to a conclusion that the political organ develops its own regime of political responsibility comprising such elements as political prevention, political restitution and condemnation.


Crushing and caving of roof strata in goaf is an important factor affecting surface subsidence. In order to study the influence law of mining under thick loose layer, overburden size parameters, and initial mechanical parameters of collapse zone on surface subsidence, the law of surface subsidence was analyzed through measured data. On this basis, with the help of FLAC3D numerical simulation software, the surface subsidence was simulated by changing the above factors, and the evolution characteristics of the maximum surface subsidence under the influence of various factors were analyzed. Based on the grey relational analysis, the relational degree between each factor and the maximum surface subsidence value is analyzed, and through multiple nonlinear regression, the prediction model of mining subsidence deformation under thick loose layer considering the influence of seven factors is established. The results show that the mining thickness has the greatest influence on the surface subsidence, and cohesion has the least influence on surface subsidence. The rationality of the subsidence prediction model is verified by an example.


We would like to take this opportunity to highlight the Outstanding Reviewers for Biomaterials Science in 2021, as selected by the editorial team for their significant contribution to the journal.


In this study Linda Ivanits illuminates the mature work of Fedor Dostoevskii by shifting the focus from his central characters—educated, westernized, and usually noble—to the common people who, in her words, "crowd the shadows of his fictional world" (3). She argues that "one cannot speak meaningfully about the fundamental issues of human existence in Dostoevsky's mature fiction without taking.. . the Russian narod into account" (2). Ivanits's focus on the narod enables her to provide revelatory interpretations of wellstudied novels, particularly Crime and Punishment and The Brothers Karamazov; a subtle understanding of the nature of Dostoevskii's own faith; and a wealth of source material to be further explored by other researchers. The first chapter marshals the existing biographical evidence for Dostoevskii's early experience with the common people, based mainly on memoirs by his relatives and friends. Ivanits includes Dostoevskii's own Notes from the House of the Dead here, thus highlighting the work's status as autobiography rather than novel. This allows her to make an important point about the evolution of Dostoevskii's view of the narod from the unsentimental and even harsh picture offered in House of the Dead to the more exalted notions of the 1860s and 1870s, expressed most extensively in The Diary of a Writer. In the next three chapters, Ivanits moves to close readings of major novels (Crime and Punishment, The Idiot, and The Devils, respectively). In her interpretation of Crime and Punishment, Ivanits brings to vivid life the world of the people that "seethesjust under the apparent monolith of deliberations about [Raskolnikov's] crime" (46). Ivanits convincingly illuminates the deep significance of the giving of alms in the novel, expressed most powerfully in the spiritual song about the beggar Lazarus and the unmerciful rich man. The chapters on The Idiotand The Devils do not provide the same sense of a unified reinterpretation enabled by folk sources and by sustained attention to characters from the lower classes. But there are important insights here as well, as when Ivanits explores the complicated nature of the relations between the character of Myshkin and the image of Christ (both biblical and folk), or in her lucid exposition of the multifarious folk resonances of the figure of Mariia Lebiadkina in The Devils.


The principal sources of finance of a firm are owners' equity and the borrowed money. The decision on the composition of funds, otherwise, known as 'capital structure' is an essential decision, which influences the risk and return of the investors. Leverage plays an imperative role in framing the capital structure. Metal sector is a capital intensive sector, where greater importance has been given in constructing the capital structure. In this backdrop, the study makes an attempt to identify and analyse the determinants of leverage of Indian metal sector. A panel data approach has been applied to analyse the data. The study reveals that the variables, namely, profitability, size and tangibility are the key determinants of leverage of Indian metal sector. ABSTRACT


New preliminary BaBar results for rare leptonic decays $B^- \to K^-\nu \bar{\nu}$ and $B^0\to \ell^+\ell^-$ are reported. Using data collected at the $\FourS$ with the BaBar detector, no evidence for a signal was found yielding the corresponding upper limits at the 90% confidence level: ${\cal B}(B^-\to K^-\nu \bar{\nu})< 9.4 \times 10^{-5}$ for $50.7 \invfb $, ${\cal B}(\bee)< \eeul$, ${\cal B}(\bmm) < \mmul$ and ${\cal B}(\bem) < \emul$ using $54.4 \invfb $.


The data stream has recently emerged in response to the continuous data problem. Stream data is usually in vast volume, changing dynamically, possibly infinite, and containing multi-dimensional features. The attention towards data stream mining is increasing as regards to its presence in wide range of real-world applications, such as e-commerce, banking, sensor data and telecommunication records. Similar to data mining, data stream mining includes classification, clustering, frequent pattern mining etc. techniques; the special focus of this paper is on classification methods invented to handle data streams. Performance of data stream classification is measuring by involving processing speed, memory and accuracy. Also, a classification algorithm must meet several requirements in order to work with the assumptions and be suitable for learning from data streams so studying purely theoretical advantages of algorithms is certainly useful and enables new developments. Here we present a comprehensive survey of the state-of-the-art data stream mining algorithms with a focus on classification because of its ubiquitous usage. It identifies mining constraints, proposes a general model for data stream mining, and depicts the relationship between traditional data mining and data stream mining. In this paper, we propose a new streaming data classification algorithm based on Hoeffding tree algorithm called Fast Decision Tree Algorithm (FDTA) as an improvement method to classify stream data and compared between them according to the three measures which are classification accuracy, memory space and execution time.


The sound selection module adapted to select a number of limitations in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) tone data transmission apparatus used. These limitations include the number of available tones, modulation type and coding rate. OFDM apparatus using wired or wireless transmission.


For partially autonomous vehicles, the user interface conveys vital information to drivers and can greatly influence how drivers behave after a transition of control from automation. Conventional interfaces that use audio and visual channels are helpful, but are limited in effectiveness. In this paper, we explore the use of a transforming steering wheel interface to assist drivers in transitions of control. We conducted two studies evaluating the effects of this system on driver performance and user experience. The first is a quantitative controlled study examining driving performance after an abrupt loss of autonomous vehicle control. The participants (N = 56) experienced a simulated driving scenario that varied the behavior of the steering wheel (transforming and non-transforming) and the transition time (2 seconds and 5 seconds). Drivers who experienced the transforming steering wheel performed significantly better than those who experienced a non-transforming steering wheel. The second study is qualitative and exploratory, where interaction experts (N = 14) evaluated the transforming steering wheel using design improvisation. The findings of these two studies suggest that a transforming steering wheel can be utilized to better assist drivers in taking back control in future autonomous vehicles.


Herein, the cloud-point (CP) measurements of a nonionic surface-active agent named Tween 80 [poly(oxyethylene) (20) sorbitanmonooleate; Tw 80] were carried out in this study in the absence and attendance of an amikacin sulfate (AS) drug/(AS+ inorganic electrolyte (NaCl, NaNO3 and Na2SO4)). AS drug has been utilized to treat or prevent a wide range of bacterial infections. The measured values of CP in the aqueous phase for Tw 80 were observed in decreasing fashion with an increase in the concentration of surfactant. The obtained values of CP for Tw 80 solution were also noticed to decrease with increasing drug concentration. The determined CP values for (surfactant + drug) mixture were observed to decrease for the electrolytes' participation with respect to their nonparticipation, and the presence of electrolytes (sodium salts) in declining CP measurement was recorded and followed the order NaCl > NaNO3 > Na2SO4. The ΔGc0 values are found to be positive that denotes the character of clouding is nonspontane...


Аnnotation. It is considered in the article the problems arising in the formation, accumulation and disposal of waste production and consumption. The article describes the stages that humanity has passed through to solve the problem of getting rid of waste products. Revealed negative aspects and directions of improvement of the combustion technology implemented at different steps of economic development of countries. Analyzed foreign and domestic experience of using RDF fuel, that is a solid fuel produced by shredding and dehydrating municipal solid waste. Proposed an approach that allows to use RDF fuel with maximum environmental safety to the environment.


Depression and anxiety in adolescents and young adults is reaching epidemic proportions. From 2005 to 2014, the overall prevalence of depression in adolescents aged 12 to 17 increased from 8.7% to 11.3% and from 2011 to 2018, rates of depression and anxiety in college students increased from 31.5% to 42.2% and 51.5% to 63.6% respectively.1,2 Psychological well-being, a closely related construct, decreased suddenly for adolescents around 2012 and has remained low since that time.3 These trends have been mirrored by a simultaneous increase since 2012 in smartphone adoption and screen-time, particularly social media usage, among American adolescents. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated these trends: adults in April and May of 2020 were three times as likely to screen positive for depressive and anxiety disorders compared to the year prior.4 Today, social media is omnipresent in the lives of adolescents and adults. The Pew Research Center found that 84% of Americans aged 18-29 adults use at least one social media site and Piper Sandler Investment Research found that the average teen spends 12 hours per week on social media.5,6 Social media usage is a new and important consideration when dealing with and organizing efforts to combat rising depression and anxiety.


In the previous issue of SA Horseman we introduced the sport of Ride & Tie. This is a team event, with each team consisting of two humans and one horse. The objective of the sport is to cover a set distance as fast as possible, alternating between running and riding.


ABSTRACT The purpose of this comprehensive review of literature was to synthesize research findings regarding structures and outcomes of mentoring relationships among athletes, coaches, and athletic administrators. Data-based studies involving mentoring in sport contexts were located, retrieved, reviewed, and analyzed. The primary search criteria for this literature review were data-based, peer-reviewed articles published between the years 2005–2016 involving the salient keywords mentoring and sport, which yielded 18 peer-reviewed articles for inclusion in this review. In this review, each study's purpose(s), theoretical framework(s), data collection strategies, data analysis procedures, and results are presented. Emergent themes included: (a) mentoring of vulnerable populations, (b) attributes of mentors, and (c) outcomes of mentoring relationships. Lastly, practical implications based on the findings are discussed. Five strategies are developed as a measure to improve mentoring relationships.


Manuscript Bern 363 has been studied before for its transmission of the works of Virgil and Horace as well as late antique texts, for its links to Carolingian-era poetry circles, and for its marginalia indicating Irish intellectual networks in the ninth century. This article builds on previous studies, using some of their methodologies to explore other evidence the manuscript provides. In doing so, it reveals Bern 363 as arguably a quintessential example of the circumstances of local intellectual activity in the Carolingian period – activity often linked to but separate from the high culture of the royal court and ecclesiastical elite.


In this chapter, I discuss a course in the philosophy of mathematics designed to help future high school mathematics teachers develop an understanding of philosophical questions about mathematics. My aim was to equip these future teachers with philosophical skills for analyzing mathematical behavior. Teachers who can analyze their students' mathematical activity for how concepts are at work can get beyond simple evaluative responses to students –typically assessing their performance as right or wrong –and can begin to explore theirstudents' mathematical thinking. This is a difficult skill to develop, and philosophy offers one way of doing so. Philosophical questions about mathematics open up discussions about why we have the mathematics we have, inviting consideration of how mat hematics is embodied in particular material practices


Encouraged by recent discovery of $\Xi_{cc}^{++}$ baryon, we investigate two body non-leptonic weak decays of doubly charmed, $\Xi_{cc}$, baryons. We calculate the branching ratios for CKM-favored and suppressed modes in factorization and pole model approach. We give the first estimates of nonfactorizable W-exchange contributions using pole model. We find that W-exchange contributions to $\Xi_{cc}$ decays being sizable can not be ignored.


The effects of acid treatment on pericarp color, pH, relative permeability of membrane, anthocyanin content,polyphenol oxidase(PPO) and peroxidase (POD) in litchi fruit were studied in this paper.The results showed that acid dippingcould make fresh fruits more colorful, but did not increase the content of anthocyanin at the same time. The activities of PPO andPOD were inhibited significantly by acid treatment. During cold storage, fruits treated by 2% acid browned faster than control,but fruits treated by 4% acid for 2 minutes remained the color index values and anthocyanin content, the activities of PPO andPOD were much lower than these of control. More important, the fruits treated by acid did not show chilling injury.


One kind of an organic EL element includes a light emitting element (E1) and the emission driving transistor (Tr1 is), the scanning selection transistor (Tr2 is) and erasing transistor (Tr3 is) is displayed by the pixel structure of the SES drive system constituted plate drive means for removing the EL element (E1) in accumulated charge between two further terminals EL element (E1) is arranged in parallel with the reset transistor (Tr4 is), the gate of the reset transistor and the erasure connected together by a common gate transistor. According to this structure, using the erase signal from the erase drive, erasing transistor (Tr3 is) are turned on and the reset transistor (Tr4 is), in which the EL element (E1) in the electric charge accumulation, and a light emitting maintained by simultaneously charge the capacitor discharge. Thus, light emission characteristic of each subframe promoter EL element (E1) can be substantially consistent. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress emission luminance deviation of each EL element (E1), it is possible to improve the precision of gradation control.


This document contains an introduction to the Ohio Integrated Technical and Academic Competency (ITAC) and Specialization ITAC; and overview of the electronics field; an list acknowledging the professionals who helped develop the competency list; and the comprehensive listing of the professional or occupational competencies deemed essential for graduates to perform proficiently when they graduate from an Ohio specialization workforce development program on electronics. The introduction explains the following: (1) critical academic, employability, and information technology skills have been integrated throughout the list to support the technical skills; (2) the competency profile can be used as the basis for curriculum development in Ohio's secondary, adult, and postsecondary programs; (3) the specialization competency profile is organized so that it can be clustered or grouped in a modular approach. The overview of the electronics profession describes general duties, some specific tasks, employment opportunities, length of program, type of program (classroom instruction and/or work experience), and types of certificates and/or degrees. The competencies are grouped under broader skills that are, in turn, categorized under these nine major topics: electronics orientation; basic electronic theory; basic electronic skills; basic troubleshooting and repair; troubleshoot and repair common consumer and business office equipment; computer applications and servicing; electro-optic technology applications and servicing; professionalism in electronics; and academic skills in


This study was conducted to show resistance to the antibiotic sensitivity test in bacteria of the species Escherichia coli from raw milk. The first step of this research is to prepare the isolation of Escherichia coli. Milk samples were collected from dairy farms in Wonocolo, Pogot, Kaliwaron and Bendul Merisi. Milk samples taken during the morning milking at 04.00-06.00 WIB. Preparation of the isolation and identification was confirmed by Brilliant Green Bile Broth, Eosin Methylene Blue Agar, and indole test using media Peptone Water 1%. Escherichia coli isolates were tested using the test sensitivity to antibiotics by the Kirby-Bauer method. The results showed that isolates of Escherichia coli from raw milk at a dairy farm in Surabaya, resistant to antibiotics Oxytetracycline and Erythromycin by 100%, 40% were resistant to Trimethoprim but still sensitive by 60%. Based on these results, we can conclude that there are Escherichia coli bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics Oxytetracycline, Erythromycin and Trimethoprim. This is because the use of antibiotics that are not rational, and in the long term can lead to the emergence of antibiotic resistance.


In order to improve the reliability of FPGA in space applications, a method of single event upset detection and scrubbing based on internal processor is proposed for Xilinx Zynq device. We propose a method to reduce the sensitive configuration bits and consequently the global scrubbing time based on Xilinx Essential Bits technology. Then the impact on reducing sensitive frames by placing different layout constraints is analyzed. The physical address of one single configuration frame and its corresponding configuration data are obtained based on the configuration memory structure. Simultaneously, Frame_ECC primitive and global CRC circuit is added to the design. Finally, the feasibility of our system is verified by the fault injection, and the time performance is evaluated by Mean Time to Detect (MTTD). The results show that the system can effectively shorten the readback and scrubbing time, single-bit upset and multi-bit upsets can be detected and repaired. Thus, the work is of great significance for improving the reliability of aerospace electronic systems.


HIBMC is the world's first facility to be able to use both proton (PRT) and carbon‐ion radiotherapy (CiRT). The medically dedicated synchrotron can accelerate protons up to 230 MeV and carbon ions up to 320 MeV. From April 2001 to March 2010, the facility treated 3275 patients, with 2487 patients treated using PRT and 788 using CiRT. Particle radiotherapy was delivered to patients suffering from malignant tumors originating in the head and neck (502 patients), lungs (330), liver (539), prostate (1283), and the bone & soft tissue (130). The clinical results are as follows: (1) H & N tumors: The 2‐year overall survival (OS) rates of patients with olfactory neuroblastoma, mucoepidermoid cancer, adenoid cystic cancer, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and malignant melanoma was 100%, 86%, 78%, 78%, 66%, and 62%, respectively. (2) Lung cancer: For all 80 patients, the 3‐year OS rate was 75% (Stage IA: 74%; Stage IB: 76%) and local control (LC) rate was 82% (IA: 87%; IB: 77%). Grade 3 pulmonary toxicity ...


From June to November of 2014,Authorized by Pengan county people's government,School of History and Culture of China West Normal University together with Ancient Castle Culture Research Center in Sichuan investigated the site of Yunshan Castle for three times,where they found historical remains of ten gates,fiften stone steles,seven recess wats,one cave and other relics. This survey of town site provides important information for the research of Yunshan Castle's history since the Song Dynasty.


Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a rare X-linked syndrome including microthrombocytopenia, eczema, and cellular and humoral immunodeficiency with a high susceptibility to infections, autoimmune diseases, and Epstein-Barr virusYdriven lymphoproliferative disease (1, 2). Renal disease is found in 3% of patients with WAS, in particular immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IGAN) (3). Three cases of renal transplantation in WAS patients have been previously reported in the literature (4Y6). We report herein a case of successful 9-year followup of renal transplantation in a patient with X-linked thrombocytopenia, an attenuated form of WAS with minimal or no immunodeficiency A 29-year-old male with a family history of WAS is regularly followed-up in our center for a first kidney transplantation. During early childhood, he developed thrombocytopenia (30 10/mm) and eczema without any history of opportunist infections or autoimmune manifestations. At the age of 8 years, he developed proteinuria and macroscopic hematuria. Renal biopsy showed typical IGAN. Thereafter, he developed progressively an end-stage chronic kidney disease and began dialysis in January 2004 until successful renal transplantation in 2005. He received a deceased donor graft in May 2005; there were three human leukocyte antigen A-B-DR mismatches and no pretransplant human leukocyte antigen antibodies. Cytomegalovirus serology was donor positiveYrecipient negative, whereas Epstein-Barr virus serology was positive in both. The immunosuppressive regimen included initially basiliximab, prednisone, tacrolimus, and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). He received anti-cytomegalovirus prophylaxis by valaciclovir and antipneumo cystis prophylaxis by sulfamethoxazoletrimethorprim for 3 months in accordance with usual protocol in our center. He did not develop any perioperative bleeding thanks to appropriate anesthesia management and platelet transfusion. Kidney function was defined by Modification of the Diet In Renal Disease-Glomerular Filtration Rate (MDRD-GFR) 56 ml/min at month 1 (M1) post transplantation and maintenance immunosuppressive therapy included tacrolimus and MMF (1000 mg/day) since M5. Four years after transplantation, he developed proteinuria (0.8 g/L) of glomerular profile. Renal biopsy showed IGAN relapse that we treated by three pulses of 500 mg of methylprednisolone then prednisone orally at 1 mg/kg per day with gradual tapering and the introduction of perindopril. After 9 years of follow-up, the patient has stable graft function (MDRD-GFR 52 mL/min) with proteinuria around 0.4 g/L. Fortunately, he did not develop any rejection, serious infection, or malignancy. In 2013, we performed genetic analysis that showed a known WAS mutation ''c.223G9A p.Val75Met'' which corresponds most to an X-linked thrombocytopenia phenotype. We thought that it is worth to report the successful long-term outcome of renal transplantation in this patient given the fact that in 2004, while we decided to transplant him, the outcome of renal transplantation in WAS patients was very doubtful regarding the fatal outcome in the cases reported in the literature at that time. In the case reported by Webb et al., the patient died 35 months after transplantation from a cause probably unrelated to the WAS. The postmortem examination did not find any evidence of lymphoproliferative disease (4). In the case reported by Fischer et al., the patient received a livingrelated kidney graft and was treated by antithymocyte globulin for 7 days. He developed many infectious complications and a malignant high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. He died 98 days after transplantation; autopsy was refused by family and postmortem liver biopsy showed persistent lymphoma (6). Table 1 summarizes the main characteristics and the outcome of the previously reported kidney transplanted patients with WAS. To minimize the risk of infection and malignancy, we have chosen to avoid antithymocyte globulin in our patient. At year 7 after transplantation, the dose of MMF was reduced to 500 mg per day. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome has a large spectrum of clinical manifestations: the classic full-blown WAS, the mild X-linked thrombocytopenia (XLT), and X-linked neutropenia (1, 2). X-linked thrombocytopenia is considered as an attenuated form of WAS because it is characterized by minimal or no immunodeficiency. X-linked thrombocytopenia is associated with a high overall survival rate but also a risk of lifethreatening complications because of thrombocytopenia (2). Surgical risk is still present but can be lowered by appropriate preoperative care. Given the growing knowledge of genetic mutations and their corresponding phenotypes in WAS, we decided to perform the genetic analysis in our patient after 8 years of successful renal transplantation without significant complications. That analysis showed a genetic mutation corresponding mostly to an XLT phenotype in accordance with his evolution so far. In conclusion, WAS patients, who need renal transplantation must be evaluated carefully and genetic mutation, should be identified if possible. Kidney transplantation in XLT patients can be successful with appropriate perioperative care to minimize the risk of bleeding and well-chosen immunosuppressive regimen to minimize the risk of developing life-threatening infections or malignancies. LETTERS TO THE EDITOR


alternation of stress:2 given a point of departure which may be the place of the primary stress, secondary stresses would be predictable as to their placements because of the regular alternation of stressed and unstressed counting forward and/or backward from the point of departure up to certain limits in the speech chain which in the respective languages may be said to correspond to the limits of the word. To these languages as mentioned above we are


Introduction: Diabetes is an important public health problem, one of our priority non communicable diseases (NCDs) targeted for action by world leaders. Both the number of cases and the prevalence of diabetes have been steadily increasing over the past few decades. The global prevalence of diabetes has nearly doubled in year 2014 since 1980, rising from 4.7% to 8.5% in the adult population. Study objective was to find out risk factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among 40 year and above in rural areas of Varanasi. Material and methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in rural areas of Varanasi covering 40 year and above. WHO, STEP approach was used for data collection in this study. RBS and FBS blood sugar measured and diagnosis was confirmed by WHO criteria. χ2 test was applied to find significant association. Results: The mean ±SD age of the study subject was 55.19+11.92 years. The prevalence of smoking, alcohol intake, fruits consumption, vegetables consumption and physical activity was 18.3%, 22.7%, 48.1%, 99.8% and 28.8% respectively. The overall prevalence of diabetes was 6.1%. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was found 15.5% and 32.5% respectively, while prevalence of hypertension was 29%. Conclusion: Study showed that the association between physiological risk factors such as obesity and hypertension with diabetes was statistically significant (p<0.05), while behavioural risk factors mentioned above were not statistically significant (p>0.05).


Commenters and advocates hailed Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Order No. 841 and Order No. 2222 as landmark orders in the transition to a clean energy future when they were issued in 2018 and last September, respectively. These orders aim to open organized wholesale markets to new technologies. Order No. 841 does this for energy storage resources, while Order No. 2222 does it for distributed energy resources. Of course, whether the orders live up to their billing as transformative and revolutionary efforts to demolish barriers to market participation will turn on whether the required details and intricacies can be mastered during implementation. Former FERC Chairman Norman Bay said, together, Order Nos. 841 and 2222 "have the potential to be truly landmark orders as the energy transition accelerates." But, as with nearly all regulations, the effectiveness of Order Nos. 841 and 2222 will be determined by how faithfully and timely the regulated parties - here Regional Transmission Organizations/Independent System Operators (RTOs/ISOs) - implement FERC's vision for the orders. This issue brief rounds up RTO/ISO efforts to implement Order Nos. 841 and 2222, showing where there has been progress, where there have been delays, and what is at stake.


With wide recognition of importance on gifted elementary school students in computer, the numbers of public and private institutes recognizing and fostering the gifted elementary school students in computer have been increasing. In this paper, the current status and improvement plans of curriculum for gifted students in computer are discussed. First of all, a gifted student in computer is defined based on the diverse characteristics and conditions of those students. Then the current status of gifted information education curriculum is presented. Based on the discussion, various improvement plans for gifted elementary information education are proposed. Those plans include 1)development of standard curriculum, 2)development of curriculum reflecting knowledge, application and ethics of information education, 3)development of standard discriminant tools, 4)development of educational objectives, 5)development of educational contents 6)development of teaching-learning models and 7)development of evaluation methods.


INTRODUCTION The Helium Cooled Pebble Bed (HCPB) blanket developed in the European Union features pebble beds of slightly hyperstoichiometric lithium orthosilicate (LiOSi) and beryllium. The pebble beds will most likely be strained during operation in a fusion reactor due to thermal expansion mismatches and neutron irradiation. As relevant experimental investigation of the pebble bed response to strain is scarce and difficult to obtain, it is thus essential to model the pebble beds to predict their behavior. At KIT the micromechanical behavior of an assembly of spherical pebbles is studied using the discrete element method (DEM). It was recently shown that the friction coefficient between the individual pebbles significantly affects the calculated pebble bed behavior. In order to achieve more realistic simulations of the pebble beds, the friction coefficient of lithium orthosilicate pebbles on lithium orthosilicate platelets and Eurofer were measured and the results are implemented in the model.


This paper presents a new multi-targets inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging approach via the image segmentation processing. This method can separate multi-targets with similar velocities, and there is no strict limit on the rotational state of the targets. Firstly, the motion compensation for the completely multi-targets echo is carried out and the coarse image can be achieved with the Range-Doppler (RD) technique. Then a series of image processing methods and image segmentation processing are used to separate the echo data of each mono-target. At last, the image with high quality of each target can be achieved with the RD technique and the Range-Instantaneous-Doppler (RID) technique. ISAR imaging results of simulated and measured data validate the validity of the proposed approach.


ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to investigate theinfluence of different proportions of red peat and sand in thesubstrate on root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) and the consequent growth of white oats. The experimentwas conducted in a greenhouse and the treatments consisted ofcombinations of read peat (T) and sand (A): 100%A;25%T+75%A; 50%T+50%A; 75%T+25%A; 100%T. Ten oatseeds were sown per container (350ml volume) containing 5grams of Glomus clarum inoculum. Forty-three days aftersowing, vegetative development and mycorrhizae colonizationof the plants' root system were evaluated by recording thepresence of structures such as hyphae, arbuscules and vesicles.Substrates with higher amount of red peat led to increasedshoot growth and quality of roots. However, the presence ofpeat above 50% in the substrate decreased the percentage ofcolonization of oats by AMF. The similarity of the regressioncurves of percentage of colonization and readily availablewater, with the same maximum point, suggest that the amountof mesopores influences the AMF response. It is concluded thatthe best quality of the substrate for the production of inoculumof


Photoinduced electron-transfer reaction between the excited triplet duroquinone and trans- and cis-stilbenes generates trans-stilbene cation radical in SDS micellar solution, suggesting that the cis-trans isomerization of stilbene occurs via an electron-transfer mechanism.


Zinc peroxide (ZnO2) nanopowder is a potential green precursor to obtain ZnO nanostructures at low temperatures. Here, it is reported the synthesis of ZnO2 nanoparticles through an economical one step


The purpose of the present work was to clarify some aspects of the complexity of phosphorus (P) dynamics under specific soil and climate conditions and a particular type of agro ecosystem: the Mediterranean pasture. The deviation between measured and estimated soil P content was evaluated over 12 years, in a 6 ha permanent bio-diverse pasture field in Southern Portugal. A simple dynamic model found good agreement for estimating the soil P content where P fertilizer had been regularly applied, but was not nearly as effective for the period during which the field did not receive P fertilizer. The dynamic of transformation between diverse P pools in Mediterranean shallow soils make the estimation of P balance very complex and justify more experiments.


In this research work, the pattern of spatial cluster had been identified for torrential rainfall data within the context of Peninsular Malaysia, which experiences heavy pour annually. Hence, a robust Principal Component Analysis (PCA) technique was employed in this study in order to address problem related to non-balance cluster(s) across patterns of rainfall stemming from skewed rainfall data. To analyze the observations made, Tukey's biweight correlation was applied. For PCA components extraction, the optimum breakdown point was determined based on the proposed method. In order to strike a balance for extraction of number of components, as well as to hinder insignificant spatial scale or low-frequency variation, the simulation data recorded a breakdown point at 70% cumulative percentage of variance. The study outcomes revealed that the robust PCA gave better enhancement than the Pearson-based PCA did for cluster average number and quality. The findings indicate that ten rainfall patterns obtained are quite definite and clearly display the dominant role extended by the complex topography and exchange monsoons of the peninsular.


This paper focuses on a 39-year-old, self-righteous woman named Sally and her work in therapy. There is an examination of what has made Sally self-righteous and what actual behaviors she exhibits. The paper concludes with a discussion of the types of interventions that have seemed to work well for her.