Because of the open, distributed and dynamic character of Peer-to-Peer(P2P), the security problem has become more difficult. It is significant to accomplish reasonable access control to resource in network. This paper proposes a trust management mode based on subjective trust value among entities for establishing initial trust relationship among entities and supporting authorization considering entities trust value. To accomplish certificate revocation, the authors provide revocation information publishing algorithm HYBRID and a method based on Bloom Filter vector to judge certificate validity. Experiments show the good performance of the proposed approaches.


Because of patient compliance and therapeutic efficacy, oral drug delivery has drawn lots attention recently, especially colon targeted delivery due to its neutral condition, high microorganisam concentration and long transition time. Stimuliresponsive hydrogel show great potential for oral drug delivery owing to condition changing along the gastrointestinal tract. Polymerization of microemulsions is a reliable, one-pot, economic, eco-friendly, easy to scale up in industry method to prepare nanoparticles or nanostructured hydrogels, especially polymerization of bicontinuous microemulsions has heretofore rarely been studied. In this research, nanoporous, pH-responsive and microorganism-responsive hydrogels were polymerized from bicontinuous microemulsion made of drugs, acrylic acid (AA), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), polymer surfactant and polysaccharide coemulsifier aqueous solution. The surfactants were chosen from Pluronic® poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(propylene glycol)-poly(ethylene glycol) or synthesized poly(ɛ-caprolactone)-block-poly(acrylic acid). Polysaccharide coemulsifier was selected from sodium alginate, pectin and gum Arabic. All the components of the hydrogel are FDA approved for oral drug delivery. After polymerization, a pore size distribution from up to 40 nm was deduced from the freezing point depression of water encapsulated in PHEMA-PAA-PMMA hydrogel. The drugs were encapsulated in polymer surfactant micelles in the matrix. Then PAA-PMMA


Recent advances in development of low-cost 3D sensors, such as Microsoft Kinect, bring attractive opportunities to robot system integrators. The accuracy provided by such sensors is generally unsatisfactory for many robotic applications, but it may be improved through calibration. This paper presents a calibration case study that is based on the sensor calibration procedure involving only a use of a simple checkerboard. It is shown that the calibration enables improving sensor accuracy 3 to 5 times, depending on the anticipated use of the sensor. Additionally, results obtained using different levels of complexity of calibration models reveal that depth measurement correction is an important component of calibration as it may reduce by 50% the errors in sensor reading.


The research of IEEE 802.11b shows that overlapping and/or adjacent BSS can avoid in-band and adjacent band interference effectively if the distance between the center frequencies is at least 25 MHz. In the area of dense commercial hot-spot deployment, the strict spectrum allocation is necessary. In this paper, adaptive channel allocation mechanism in IEEE 802.11b is proposed and realized eventually. The result of experiment shows that in the case of no strict spectrum allocation, the mechanism can alleviate or avoid in-band or adjacent band interference, and some other narrow-band interference. At the same time, it can improve the performance of BSS much.


Geographic Information System(GIS) is useful to preserve cultural heritage and land use management using both spatial information management technique and spatial analysis function in cultural heritage management. The purpose of this study is to build a database of pottery and kiln sites in South Korea, to analyze site locations and finally to make prediction model. The locations of 1,200 sites are put into GIS database. Such factor elevation, slope angle, aspect, horizontal/vertical distance from the nearest water are analyzed. Each factor was statistically analyzed on GIS and represented to rank 1-5. Pottery/kiln can be predicted by the spatial analysis function in overlay methods. As a result of this study, preliminary application of prediction model shows that the high potential area is between the slope and alluvial plain. Field survey in the Sungbuk-dong in Daejeon city supports the preliminary result. More data can make improve efficient prediction model in unknown areas.


S orption/desorption and transport of eight halo-organic liquids into highdensity polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, very low-density polyethylene and polypropylene geomembranes are presented at 25, 50 and 70°C. These results are obtained from a gravimetric method and diffusion coefficients have been calculated from Fick's equation using the initial linear portions of the sorption/desorption curves. Swelling of the geomembranes was also studied from a measurement of the increase in volume calculated from thickness and diameter. From a temperature dependence of sorption and diffusion coefficients, Arrhenius parameters have been calculated. Concentration profiles of liquids have been computed using Fick's equation for the appropriate initial and boundary conditions. The results of this study will have great relevance in selecting the suitable geomembrane in hazardous waste chemical ponds containing halo-oranics.


The bonding mechaism, selection of materials and formula of adhesive for hard PVC/FRP boundary surface were studied. It's Application was also introduced.


This paper describes numerical methods for a four-moments quantum energy transport(QET) model, which is derived by using a diffusion scaling in the quantum hydrodynamic model. Space discretization is performed by a new set of unknown variables. Numerical stability and convergence are obtained by developing an iterative solution method with a relaxation method. Numerical results in a scaled MOSFET are discussed. The QET model allows simulations of quantum confinement transport, and nonlocal and hot-carrier effects in scaled MOSFETs.


Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) infection is characterized as chronic or recurrent infectious mononucleosis (IM)-like symptoms, such as fever, extensive lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly and persistent hepatitis. Additionally, the expression of EBV specific antibody spectrum and a significant incrcase of EBV DNA copies are often demonstrated in peripheral blood of patients with chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection (CAEBV). CAEBV is a rare fatal disease with poor prognosis and high mortality. The pathogenesis of CAEBV is unknown and there is no standarlized treatment. In order to improve understanding of CAEBV in the clinical work, this article summarizes the pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnose and therapies of CAEBV.

Key words:
Epstein-Barr virus infections; Diagnosis; Therapeutics


Based on about a quarter century of experience in aerodynamics and applied mathematics, and a similar period promoting life, the author finds common ground between what appear to be disparate disciplines. The insights and analogies presented can guide our life and our pro-life efforts and hopefully accelerate the time when our culture can truly be labeled a "Culture of Life" — "A Civilization of Love".


3,3'-Iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) is a synthetic neurotoxicant. The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of IDPN on rat behavior and LDH activity in brain and spinal cord homogenates. One group of rats was given a single dose of saline, 50 mg/kg IDPN, or 300 mg/kg IDPN, and another group was given 2 doses for a total of 100 and 600 mg/kg IDPN. An open field test, a landing foot spread test, and a righting reflex test were performed before and after dosing. Rats were sacrificed at 2 hours, 48 hours, or 9 days post exposure and LDH activity measured in brain and spinal cord tissue homogenates. In behavioral testing, landing footspread of male rats in the high dose group was significantly different from the controls in the second post-dosing test. In LDH activity assays, brain and spinal cord tissues from male rats showed a significant decrease in LDH activity 48 hours (in the high dose groups) and 9 days (in both the low and high dose groups) post-exposure. Brain tissue from female rats showed a significant increase in LDH activity in the high dose group after 9 days of exposure. Introduction 3,3'-Iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) is a synthetic neurotoxicant which has been used in the laboratory to model aspects of degenerative neurological diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. IDPN has been reported to produce unique neuro-behavioral symptoms as well as changes in both the central and peripheral nervous systems (Llorens et al. 1993). Previous studies have reported a "waltzing" syndrome, a bobbing of the head accompanied by forward and backward motions of the body (Denlinger et al. 1994). Hyperactivity and reactivity were also noted. The changes in the central and peripheral nervous systems appear to be caused by axonal swellings and changes in axonal transport (Llorens et al. 1993). Even though the basic mechanisms of neurotoxicity are not yet fully understood, one possibility is that IDPN affects enzymes involved in energy metabolism. The purpose of this study was to investigate this hypothesis by exposing rats to IDPN and measuring behavioral changes, as well as monitoring alterations in activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), an enzyme involved in energy metabolism. Materials and Methods Animals: Sprague-Dawley rats of both sexes were housed 2 per cage and allowed free access to rat food and tap water. This content downloaded from 184.108.40.206 on Sun, 19 Jun 2016 05:50:44 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms


Water conservancy tourism was emerging water economic growth point.An attractiveness assessment was the basis for tourism development.Drawing on the theory of gravity,the water conservancy tourism attractiveness evaluation was built.The evaluation index system consisted of 25 indicators.By the use of AHP-PCA-Borda subjective and objective combination evaluation method,an empirical evaluation of Chinese water conservancy tourism attraction were conducted.The results showed that the regional imbalance of water conservancy tourism was attraction.In Jiangsu,Guangdong,Shandong,Hubei,and Henan Provincic.Water conservancy tourism attraction was strong.But in the western provinces and in the provinces of Chinese territory near the axis,the water conservancy tourism attraction was weak.


As the size and complexity of the system increase, centralized approaches will eventually be insufficient. Recently, distributed fault diagnosis (DFD) methods have been studied, where the global physical system is decomposed into different subsystems, each monitored by a local fault diagnoser (LFD). The performance of the DFD system is largely determined by its decomposition scheme. In a network system with connections constantly and randomly changing overtime (called a dynamic graph), an adaptive real-time decomposition method should be used. In this paper, based on a three-layer DFD architecture, a distributed grouping algorithm is proposed for real-time decomposition of the global physical network system with constantly and randomly changing connections. Stability analysis shows that the algorithm has a finite convergence property, and computer experiments further show the effectiveness of the algorithm.


Thispaper reports un evaluation of the risk of tuberculosis infectwn in school children in the sanitary jurisdictions of Jalisco, Mexico. It also compares the oficial figures of incidence of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis with hose estimated with this epidemiological indicator. The study included 6 469jirst grade children, six to seven years 014 from 95 state schools. We skintested 4 260 of them with 2 TU PPD. Skty per cent of the children tested were vaccinated with BCG. Thisproportion varied between the jurisdictions: from 43per cent in Tepatitlan to 70per cent in Ameca. The rate of tuberculosis infection was 6.3per cent, with differences between children with a BCG scar and those with no scar (7.4% and 4.4%, respectively). We also found differences in the annual risk of infection between the jurisdictions. The annual risk was O per cent in Lagos de Moreno and 1.60 per cent in Ameca. With the exception of two jurisdictions, the incidence ofsmear-positivepulmonary tubercu


IS research has considered the outsourcing decision from the perspective of transaction cost economics (TCE) and institutional theory. In this research, we consider how the appropriation of the log...


This paper presents basic distribution data on non-volant small mammals derived from four sampling periods (2006-2009) in UPMKB. A total of 22 species belonging to families Tupaiidae, Sciuridae, Muridae, Viverridae, Manidae, Tarsiidae, Felidae and Cercopithecidae were captured and recorded. Planted Forest showed the highest number of species (14), followed by Nirwana Forest (11 species), Campus Zone Area (10 species), and Forestry Park (5 species). Two (2) species have been classified as Totally Protected while seven (7) species are protected under the Sarawak Wildlife Protection Ordinance, 1998. Mapping of the total area showed that the Campus Zone Area contained the highest diversity and the number of non-volant small mammals as compared to other sites in UPMKB. Thus, conservation effort of the area should be given higher priority to ensure that the biodiversity of the area is maintained.


Total content of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni and Co in soils irrigated with sewage effluent increased with increasing years of using sewage effluent in irrigation. Iron and Co applied to the soil from sewage effluent were immobilized mainly in unavailable form; Pb, Cd, and Ni in moderately available form; and Mn, Zn, and Cu in highly available form. The concentrations of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in tops of alfalfa and leaves of corn grown on these soils increased substantially with increased levels of available metal content of the soil, while those of other metals were little affected. As for orange, continuous increase in leaves metal content with time was found for Fe, Mn, Zn, Co and Cd. The concentrations of Cd, Co, Ni and Pb in corn grains and orange fruits were several times higher than normal, and this reduces their suitability for human consumption.

Schwermetallakkumulation in Boden und Pflanzen nach langjahriger Abwasserverregnung

Die Gesamtgehalte an Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni und Co stiegen in Boden nach zunehmender Dauer einer Abwasserverregnung an. Dabei verblieben Fe und Co weitgehend in nicht verfugbarer, Pb, Cd und Ni in masig, dagegen Mn, Zn und Cu in sehr verfugbarer Form. Die Fe-, Mn-, Zn- und Cu-Gehalte von Luzerne und Maisblattern sowie die Fe-, Mn-, Zn-, Co- und Cd-Gehalte von Orangenblattern stiegen mit der entsprechenden Verfugbarkeit im Boden an, was fur die jeweils anderen Metalle nicht galt. Die Cd-, Co-, Ni- und Pb-Gehalte von Maiskornern sowie Orangen waren besorgniserregend erhoht.


The study investigated the relative effectiveness of communication counselling model: among married secondary school teachers in Kontagora Education zone of Niger State. The survey research design was adopted for the study. Two hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. A total of 229 respondents were selected from ten (10) schools through stratified and purposive sampling technique. A validated questionnaire vetted by experts in Research Measurement and Evaluation was used as an instrument for data collection. One-way ANOVA was used for data analysis. The study revealed that communication counselling model was significantly positive; that synaptic, semantic and pragmatic influenced family stability. The results further revealed that when there is too much noise will lead to reaction. However, if the reaction cordial there will be positive communication but when the reverse is the case conflict will certainly occur in communication comprehension will not be achieved. Based on these findings, the researchers recommended that School counsellors should create awareness on the important of communication counselling model especially when dealing with conflict in the marital Intending married couples should be guided appropriately on the need for mutual understanding in marriage. They should be conscious of the role synaptic, semantic and pragmatic levels as communication counselling model plays to and successful marriage.


Marker-assisted selection (MAS) is more accurate technique than conventional selection
because only individuals which have locus and gene target are selected. The objective of this
research was to determine the distribution of parental polymorphism and position of donor
segment on whole parental genome and also F1 verification associated with the quantiative trait
loci (QTL) for total spikelet number on chromosome 4 (qTSN4), day to heading on chromosome
8 (qDTH8) and Xa7 on chromosome 6. This research was conducted at Indonesian Center for
Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development by February up
to September 2013. Three rice genotypes �Code, IR64-NILs-qTSN4[YP9] and IR64-NILsqDTH8[
YP1] and also their recurrent parent 'IR 64' were analyzed for polimorphism using 412
microsatellite markers and 1 STS marker, M5. Two 'IR 64' near isogenic lines (IR64-NILs) used
as parental for improving �Code� with higher yield, early maturity and also resistant to bacterial
leaf blight. The results show low percentage of polymorphism on two combination parent due to
three genotypes are used derived from 'IR 64'. Introgressed donor segment in �Code� speculate
that carrying genes related spikelet number per panicle besides qTSN4 so that �Code� has
spikelet number per panicle higher and significantly different than �IR 64� based on Dunnett test
W=5%. F1 verification using microsatellite markers RM17483, RM5556, RM6838 and RM20582
represent F1 'Code' A� IR64-NILs-qTSN4[YP9] with number of plant 61-73 and also F1 'Code' A�
IR64-NILs-qDTH8[YP1] with number of plant 86-100 can be used as backcross material with
'Code' to create BC1F1.


Polyaniline is a conductive polymer that is recently used as a material in producing a pressure filtration membrane. Polyaniline can be doped in various acids as dopants of different sizes and shapes to modify its inherent properties to produce membrane with high flux and rejection. This work is aimed to fabricate polyaniline composite membrane in presence of different acids as dopants namely hydrochloric acid, maleic acid, poly(methyl vinylether) acid (PMVEA) and polyacrylic acid (PAA). This polyaniline was coated onto microporous polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) support by using a specially fabricated two compartment cell. The field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) results show that the morphology of the coated polyaniline on PVDF membrane support is in globular shapes, which elongates at different sizes depending to the acid used. From the thermal analysis, the melting point of polyaniline coated PVDF membrane remains at 260°C, similar as obtained in the pristine microporous PVDF indicating no thermal change upon polyaniline coating. From all membranes prepared, the doped polyaniline membrane possessed a good conductivity value except for polyaniline-PMVEA membrane, which has the lowest value. In terms of the membrane filtration performance, which was measured based on the flux of pure water and polyethylene glycol (PEG) rejection, polyaniline-PMVEA membrane has a high flux and the highest PEG rejection. This result indicates that the conductivity does not influence much on the membrane filtration performance, but rather due to the physical coating itself. Different acid dopants present during polyaniline coating will lead to different filtration performance.


The complexes formed by the interaction of 2-,3and 4-cYa1!0anilines (CA) and cyanopyridines (CP) with copper(Il) sulphate have been studied employing ESR spectroscopy in solid and DMF solution states. The spectra of the complexes studied are almost comparable suggesting the same local symmetry for them. Analysis of the polycrystalline ESR data reveals axial symmetry for all the complexes with negligibly small Cu-Cu interactions and copper(II) ion in a tetragonally elongated octahedral environment with D4h or a little lower symmetry. The study shows the interaction of solvent molecules with copper(II) ion in the axial plane. Various spin-Hamiltonian parameters calculated from the ESR data indicate the presence of unpaired electron in the dx' _ y' orbital of the copper(II) ion. In addition, bonding parameters characterising the covalency have also been calculated from the ESR data and analysed.


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www.eymj.org Nasal or nasopharyngeal tuberculosis (TB) is rare, and the literature is limited to isolated case reports. The anatomic location is a major field of ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialists, especially rhinologists. Initial symptoms of nasal and nasopharyngeal TB are nonspecific, and it is, therefore, a challenge for rhinology specialists to diagnose rhinologic TB earlier. We reviewed medical records, images, and histological results between 1998 and 2014 and have found that 4 nasal TB and 8 nasopharyngeal TB patients were diagnosed and managed in Severance Hospital (Table 1). The mean age of the patients with nasal TB was 52.5 years. Most of the patients with nasal TB were middle-aged and female, similar to those in a previous report. Bilateral involvement or the spread of TB into adjacent structures can occur in nasal TB because of the anatomic structure of the nasal cavity. In our cases, however, only 1 TB that originated in the septum spread bilaterally in the nasal cavity, making septal perforation; the other infections were localized to the primary infection site. It has been reported that the recurrence rate of nasal TB after surgical excision is greater than 50%, and the recommended medical treatment for nasal TB is the same as that for other category III TB lesions. All of our patients with nasal TB received medical treatment for 6 to 12 months, and there was no recurrence or regrowth during the average 7 year follow up. Based on previous reports, nasopharyngeal TB is slightly more common among females, and 7 out of the 8 patients with nasopharyngeal TB in our review were female. The mean age of the patients with nasopharyngeal TB was 34 years, and half of all the patients were in their twenties, making our patients younger overall compared with those in previous case reports. The most common symptom of nasopharyngeal TB in our study was otologic discomforts such as ear fullness or hearing impairment, although upper cervical lymphadenopathy was the most common clinical presentation of nasopharyngeal TB in a previous study. Three patients in our study received treatment for ear symptoms such as myringotomy before being diagnosed with TB, which delayed the early diagnosis. Therefore, our results show that consideration of the possibility of nasopharyngeal TB in patients with otologic manifestations who were not responsive to conventional management is really important. Nasal or nasopharyngeal TB can infect patients by two routes. In primary nasal or nasopharyngeal TB, the infection occurs directly via nasal ventilation. As a secondary route, the infection is transferred from another primary site through the airways or blood vessels. Four of the total 12 patients in our study were diagnosed also with pulmonary TB, suggesting that secondary nasal or nasopharyngeal TB infections were disseminated from pulmonary TB infections. Based on our patients, imaging study such as computed tomography scans were not enough for the diagnosis of nasal or nasopharyngeal TB. Subjective symptoms such as nasal discharge, obstruction, ear fullness were not helpful. We have found that there was no specific examination or diagnostic clue for nasal and nasopharyngeal TB except histologic findings. Biopsy was the only confirmative tool, and tissue-based Nasal or Nasopharyngeal Tuberculosis Should be Considered in the Initial Diagnosis of Sino-Nasal Inflammatory Diseases


A method for the calculation of the polarisabilities and radii of ions in solution previously developed by one of the authors is applied to solutions of salts in mixtures of water and glycerol, to aqueous solutions of KF and to solutions of aluminium chloride in dilute hydrochloric acid. From the results of the measurements a further discussion of the method is given.


The essay "Changes in the engineer coy between NBG-08 to NBG-11 - A myth or truth?" deals with the engineer company under Nordic Battlegroup-08 and Nordic Battlegroup-11. The essay depicts the differences that existed between the respective companies regarding organization, material and equipment, as well as requirements and tasks, and has been conducted through a comparison between the respective companies. The purpose of the essay is to see which effect earlier organizations has on the preparation of a new organization under the respective Nordic Battlegroup. In this case, the engineer company under the respective Nordic Battlegroup. A comparison between the two different companies, containing three of the basic skills: effect, movement and endurance, has been conducted linked to two of the warfare skills, conceptual and physical skills. The result of the study shows conclusions connected to mainly lack of communication between the respective engineer companies, where no, or very limited, experience exchanges have been made between them. This resulted in that the development of the engineer company can be summarized as the construction of a completely new organization rather than a reorganization, where experience and lessons learned could have helped building the "new" organization.


Whether or not there would be a widespread outbreak of strike action on South Africa's platinum mines was hanging in the balance in mid-November as pay negotiations between Anglo Platinum plc, Impala Platinum Ltd and Lonmin plc and the Association of Mineworkers and Construction Union (AMCU) had deadlocked.


This study deals with principles of equality and inclusiveness by putting special emphasis on the principle of proportional equality. Scopes and limitations of the concept of proportional equality take central position of the study. Meritarian and Compensatory principles are discussed in context of India. Study briefly touches problems arising out of inequality as social exclusion.This study starts with the discussion of evolution of principle and at the end suggests the way forward for achievement of equality and of opportunity.


We investigate geometric multigrid methods for solving the large, sparse linear systems which arise in isogeometric discretizations of elliptic partial differential equations. In particular, we study a smoother which incorporates the inverse of the mass matrix as an iteration matrix, and which we call mass-Richardson smoother. We perform a rigorous analysis in a model setting and perform some numerical experiments to confirm the theoretical results.


1) This study aimed to increase the sugar and ethanol yield from the mengkuang plant biomass through biological and liquid hot water (LHW) pretreatment and their combination. The results showed that biological pretreatments with 5% inoculum of the fungus Trametes versicolor resulted in the highest alpha cellulose content incubated for 30 days, and 10% inoculum resulted in the lowest lignin content. LHW pretreatment decreased the hemicellulose content of pulps from 10.17% to 9.99%. T. versicolor altered the structure of the mengkuang pulp by degrading the lignin and lignocellulose matrix. The resulting delignification and cellulose degradation facilitate the hydrolysis of cellulose into sugars. The alpha cellulose content after biological-LHW pretreatment was higher (78.99%) compared to LHW-biological pretreatment (76.85%). Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that biological–LHW combinated treatment degrades the cell wall structures. The ethanol yield for biological–LHW pretreated sample was observed 43.86% (13.11 g/L ethanol by weight of the substrate, which is much higher than that of LHW–biological pretreatment (34.02%; 9.097 g/L). The highest reducing sugar content about 45.10% was observed with a resulting ethanol content of 15.5 g/L at LHW pretreatment temperature of 180°C for 30 min.


Solutions for the interacting vibrations of a linear elastic arch dam with a linear compressible, three-dimensional, irregularly shaped fluidbody are presented. The vibration response is derived for a time harmonic excitation of the arch dam and, with regard to an earthquake analysis, for nonstationary stochastic excitation processes. The expansions of the stochastic responses are based on time-dependent power spectral density functions, demanding the evaluation of the frequency response spectras in advance. These time-harmonic solutions are obtained by means of substructure synthesis method, thereby applying a boundary integral equation formulation for the vibrating fluidbody.


A aktorbetriebene brake having a plurality of pads may comprise: a torque member (10), a spindle (40) which can be actuated by a driving force of an actuator, a Scheibenanpressanordnung (20) pivotally connected to said torque member (10) may be coupled and having an outside lever (21) and an inner lever (22), wherein each one end of the outer lever and the inner lever may be connected to the spindle and wherein pressing of the outer lever and the inner lever at the same time both sides of a brake disc (1) by this to approach each other when the spindle rotates, and a brake pad assembly (30) having an outer covering (31, 32), which is attached to an inner side of the outer lever and an inner lining (33, 34) which is on an inner side of the inner lever is attached.


Separating mixtures of α-amino butyric acid (ABA) and isoleucine (Ile) by displacement chromatography with a cation exchange resin and an alkaline displacer leads to the formation of a displacement train, in which only ABA is recovered as a pure component, while Ile is recovered in a mixed band with ABA. The purity of the Ile band depends on the concentration of the displacer, and essentially pure Ile is obtained when the displacer concentration is reduced to a low value. The observed behavior is explained by considering the nonideality of the equilibrium uptake of these amino acids by the resin. An equilibrium model, representing the pure component isotherms, predicts variable selectivity and the occurrence of selectivity reversal in the two-component system. Analyses using this model based on the theory of coherent waves and a numerical solution of the conservation equations for the displacement chromatography process agree with the observed behavior, predicting the formation of "azeotropic" bands during the development of the displacement train. Such analyses are used to determine under what conditions a complete separation may be obtained for a given experimental system.


The invention provides a terminal device and a base station. First information, indicating the length of a cyclic prefix with respect to an inter-terminal-device signal transmitted to another terminal device, and second information, indicating the length of a cyclic prefix with respect to an uplink signal in a EUTRAN, are received from a EUTRAN base station device.


Purpose – This paper aims to provide a description of a new service to be launched in England that will open up the holdings of public libraries to citizens and enable them to order items for home delivery.Design/methodology/approach – This paper provides a descriptive analysis of a new service to be launched in England.Findings – The paper finds that such a service is desired by stakeholders and will enhance the ability of citizens to identify and obtain books that are currently inaccessible to them.Originality/value – The first public presentation of a service from an author who is responsible for the overall development of the project.


We consider a nonlinear parametric Dirichlet problem driven by a nonhomogeneous differential operator which includes as special cases the $p$-Laplacian, the $(p,q)$-Laplacian and the generalized $p$-mean curvature operator. Using variational methods, we prove a bifurcation-type theorem describing the dependence of positive solutions on the parameter.


The detonation experiments of unstable mixture CH4 + 2O2 were carried out in smooth and disturbed tube under different initial pressures(P 0) to study the effects of inner tube disturbance(d) on the propagation velocity of detonation wave and the characteristics of cellular structure. The results show that these are mainly affected by the initial pressure and boundary conditions (confined wall). With the increase of P 0, the change trend of cell size remains unchanged whether there is disturbance or not. However, when P 0 rises to 15kPa, it can not offset the detonation failure caused by the d = 60mm tube. While, the turbulence effect caused by d = 20mm tube maintains the wave propagation through the flow fluctuation of leading shock wave and the interaction of boundary layer. When P 0 increases to 14kPa, the shear wave intensity of the detonation wave increases. The high initiation energy leads to the instability of the detonation wave front. A relatively fine secondary cellular structure is observed near the main cellular structure. So after inserting the inner tube disturbance, the decrease of cell size is due to the generation of secondary cellular structure, and the size of main cellular structure actually becomes larger.


The paper examines the interface between accounting and Indian indentured labour in Fijian sugar plantations during the British colonial perio d from 1879 to 1920. The study relies on archival data. Documents, reports and other literat ure on the employment and experiences of indentured Indian labourers were accessed from the National Archives of Fiji. We synthesised the archival evidence by applying a governmentality perspective. Fijian sugar plantations were hierarchically structured, with overseers and managers delivering profits for owners, with government approval and little societal restra int. Integral to this structure was the minimisation of labour costs, including the employm ent of indentured Indian workers. Practices such as "tasking" were introduced to incr ease productivity and maintain profits in changing market conditions. Tasking, a management a nd accounting control, incorporated individual work rates with surveillance, measuremen t a d socialisation, thus commodifying labour. As revealed by indentured labourers, taskin g had human implications including social isolation and the creation and perpetuation of a Fi ji n hierarchical class-structure of workers and owners. The paper contributes to the literature on the interface of accounting and indentured labour, and specifically to the relative ly scarce literature that critically examines this interface. It also draws on the personal exper iences of indentured labourers, rarely captured in accounting literature. One of the autho rs is a descendent of indentured labourers and thus the story is a personal one, highlighting accounting's role in the commodifcation of labour. The study promotes a better understanding o f accounting for indentured labour and its social effects. While accounting is only part of t he indentured labour story, a systematic examination of use of Indian labour by British plan ters furthers our understanding of accounting within an institutional domain. It thus helps policy makers, politicians and Fijian people better to understand the effects of the comm dification of Indian labour.


The present invention provides a power supply system and method having on-board charger power supply management of the automatic power conversion. The power supply system to the control circuit and method for an electric vehicle or a hybrid electric vehicle providing uninterrupted low voltage power. A first transformer comprising a primary side and a second primary, the first primary is configured to receive the low voltage input from the vehicle battery, the second primary is configured to receive the rectified AC high voltage input. A first controller coupled to the low voltage input is operable to: when no high voltage input AC rectified, using energy from a low voltage input, drives the first switching device low voltage output adjustment. A second controller may be connected to a high voltage rectified AC input operable to: using the energy from the rectified AC high voltage input, the second switching device driven adjusting the low voltage output, and in the presence or absence of the rectified when a high AC input voltage, respectively, using a switching signal to activate or deactivate the first controller.


Translator's Introduction Letter from Maimon to Kant Letter in reply from Kant to Maimon Letter from Maimon to Berlin Journal for Enlightenment Essay on Transcendental Philosophy Dedication Introduction 1. Matter, Form of Cognition, Form of Sensibility, Form of Understanding, Tim and Space 2. Sensibility, Imagination, Understanding, Pure A Priori Concepts of the Understanding or Categories, Schemata, Answering the Question Quid Juris, Answering the Question Quid Facti, Doubts about the Latter 3. Ideas of the Understanding, Ideas of Reason 4. Subject and Predicate, The Determinable and the Determination 5. Think, Possible, Necessary, Ground, Consequence 6. Identity, Difference, Opposition, Reality, Logical and Transcendental Negation 7. Magnitude 8. Alteration, Change 9. Truth, Subjective, Objective, Logical, Metaphysical 10. On the I, Materialism, Idealism, Dualism Short Overview of the Whole Work My Ontology On Symbolic Cognition and Philosophical Language Notes and Clarifications Glossary Bibliography Index.


Insee has launched a pilot experiment which aims at introducing scanner data in the French CPI. Started in 2010 with a small set of companies and a small number of industrial food products, the experiment has now reached a larger scale with a daily transmission of data covering 30% of the market. This experiment gives Insee the occasion to review the quality adjustments in the French CPI. Thus, Insee has chosen a strategy of analysis that is mainly based on the same principle as the one applied for the rest of the French CPI: the sample is drawn yearly in the universe of the products in order to reach a certain level of accuracy in the resulting CPI; a two-steps computation is made : the first step consists in computing micro-aggregate while dealing with possible substitutions that occur at the micro-level by the use of adequate price index formulae and the second step consists in the traditional Laspeyres aggregation; the product is followed until it disappears. It is then replaced by a new product after a quality adjustment. The paper deals with the quality adjustment applied in scanner data. Besides prices and quantities associated to EAN (barcode), each day, and each shop, Insee has bought a database containing descriptive variables of each sold EAN. This information makes it possible to chose in a proper way, replacement products based on a kind of distance between products. It also makes it possible to estimate in an objective way, quality differences with respect to descriptive variables. We compare for yoghurts and chocolate bars the one year index variation with different strategies for quality adjustment. We show that quality adjustments are necessary, even for food products. We also show that the overlapping method which can be easily applied with scanner data may compete, in terms of results, with Hedonics. JEL Codes : E31 ; C8 ; D1. Key-words : Price indices, quality adjustment, scanner data. ∗We wish to thank Eurostat for its support. †Institut National de la Statistique et des Études Économiques – France ; corresponding author : Patrick Sillard (firstname.lastname@example.com)


The ontogeny of migratory potential of male and female Drosophila subobscura has been quantified using tethered flight in the laboratory. In both sexes there is an increase in the few days immediately after eclosion, and a decline before the flies cease reproductive activity. There is an intervening peak in the potential of males, which may result from an increased rejection-rate by inseminated females. The migratory potential generally appears greater than that usually utilized in the field. Such extended migration extracts a significant cost from female flies in terms of reduced fecundity.


A metal contact structure of a semiconductor device and a method for forming the same, wherein an upper conductive layer is formed by etching a metal layer, which fills a contact hole and is formed on the entire surface of an interlayer dielectric film and etching is stopped when barrier metal layers under the metal layer is exposed. Then, after forming spacers on the sidewalls of an upper conductive layer, the barrier metal layers (a barrier layer and an ohmic layer) are removed using the spacers as etching masks. Therefore, it is possible to prevent problems due to etch mask misalignment, such as 1) an etching gas of the metal layer permeating through the ohmic layer and 2) defects such as contact resistance changes that occur when spacers cover a contact hole even though the upper conductive layer does not completely cover that contact hole.


Photogrammetry is a new method of obtaining pictorial information and of processing it for further information. Photography creates methematically definable relations between the photo and the object that has been photographed. This is the most important method of building survey, building representation and of determining changes of form.


The invention provides new improvement of a manufacturing method of a shell of a smoke exhaust ventilator, the smoke exhaust ventilator, the shell of the smoke exhaust ventilator, a lower shell part and an upper shell part. The lower shell part for the smoke exhaust ventilator comprises a basic modeling and a deformation modeling; the deformation modeling is formed through further machining on the basis of the basic modeling. The upper shell part matched with the basic modeling is different from the upper shell part matched with the deformation modeling. According to the technical scheme, the manufacturing cost can be obviously reduced.


In recent years, there has been increasing recognition that pro-inflammatory cytokines play a role in behavioral and physiological alterations produced by exposure to psychological stressors. Indeed, increases in central IL-1 production have been observed following stressors such as inescapable tailshock and social isolation, while no changes in IL-1 have been observed following other stressors (e.g., exposure to a predator). The goal of the following work was to establish whether exposure to the forced swim test (FST), a commonly used animal model of behavioral despair / depression, leads to an increase in central or peripheral production of IL-1. Briefly, adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (n58 per group) were forced to swim for 15-30 min (25 8C) and killed at various intervals (ranging from immediately to 24 h) following stressor termination. Brains (hippocampus, hypothalamus, posterior cortex) and multiple peripheral tissues (pituitary, adrenals, spleen, plasma) were then dissected and frozen for subsequent measurement of IL-1 using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. No observable increases in IL-1 were found in rats that were forced to swim acutely, or in rats that were re-exposed to the forced swim stressor 24 h later. These data suggest that exposure to forced swim does not lead to an increase in central production of IL-1, suggesting that the central IL-1 system is unlikely to play a role in mediating behavioral consequences of this stressor. However, these data do not exclude the possibility that other pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-6 and TNF-alpha) might be produced in response to forced swim exposure.  2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Theme: Neural basis of behavior


This paper describes the application of directional overcurrent protections working in pairs according to the principle of directional comparison in high and medium voltage networks. Compared to the conventional protection schemes, directional comparation can significantly decrease tripping times and reduce negative impacts of the fault current on the power equipment. This paper describes the basic principles of directional comparison protection scheme and provides comparation with a conventional protection scheme on a model of a small medium voltage network. The directional comparison and conventional approach were tested on a simulation model build in Simulink and the simulation results were verified using laboratory model of medium voltage network equipped with Multilin F650 relays.


Accountability deficit and globalization are two traditional explanatory devices which are used to examine the reasons behind the adoption of freedom of information law. However, these two devices are incapable of assisting in implementation of freedom of information law. Information flow analysis is such a device which has the capacity to help implementation. Although the Obama Administration has not mentioned information flow analysis, it has adopted a series of policies to implement freedom of information law, indicating that it lays stress on information flow. This is because the Obama Administration has begun to take an administrative approach to improve the performance of freedom of information from a perspective of information flow. This perspective focuses on a positive role of proactive disclosure, public participation and collaboration within government agencies in improving freedom of information performance.


This study examines to what extent phonological representations affect word identification in Dutch. Dutch has an underlying contrast in voicing that is neutralized word‐finally. Also, vowels are lengthened approximately 20 ms when preceding medial voiced consonants. Vowel length can therefore be a cue to voicing. The present study investigates whether the vowel length cue influences listeners when hearing stimuli with ambiguous vowel duration in an identical, neutralized, consonantal context but where the underlying representation of the consonant differs in voicing. A vowel length continuum ([at] to [a:t]) was made by shortening a long vowel in 12 steps. To this continuum, initial consonants were added to create four phonetic endpoints with opposite underlying voicing patterns: /zat/, /zaad/, /stad/, /staat/. Results of a vowel categorization task showed that, using an identical vowel length continuum, the crossover boundary in the zat–zaad continuum occurs at a significantly shorter vowel length than t...


Theory predicts that sexual reproduction confers an advantage over asexual reproduction due to the generation and maintenance of genetic variation afforded by the processes of recombination and segregation. However, this prediction has rarely been empirically tested. Oenothera is a flowering plant genus whose evolutionary history is punctuated with numerous transitions from sexual reproduction to a form of functionally asexual reproduction known as Permanent Translocation Heterozygosity (PTH). In Ch. 2, a greenhouse experiment examined patterns of phenotypic and genetic variation within and between populations across eight Oenothera species , representing four independent transitions to PTH. I found some evidence for a decrease in heritability and an increase in population differentiation in phenotypic traits associated with the loss of sex. Ch. 3 explored the possibility that rare outcrossing events represent a mechanism for the maintenance of variation in a PTH species. Analysis of microsatellite markers showed evidence for extremely low rates of outcrossing in natural populations (< 1%) of O. biennis, a


Preface vii Introduction ix Abbreviations and Abbreviated Titles xii I An English Modelbook for Nicholas of Lyra's Postilla litteralis 1 11 The Enigma of All Souls 10 33 III The Unique Pictorial 'Afterpiece' to the Abbey of the Holy Ghost in BL Stowe MS 39 61 1V The Genealogical Genre: BL Royal MS I.B.x 87 A Gothic Episode in the Renaissance: BL Additional MS 21974, Longland's Pontifical Book of Benedictions 119 V1 Conclusions 141 Notes 149 Appendix A 178 Appendix B 179 Appendix C 184 Appendix D 185 Appendix E 186 Appendix F 190 Index of Manuscripts 191


The invention discloses a method for simultaneously detecting the content of four heavy metal elements in tobacco leaves. The method comprises the steps of standard solution preparation, sample pretreatment and sample analysis. According to the invention, a tobacco leaf sample is subjected to pretreatment by adopting a closed microwave digestion technology, so that the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of short digestion time, accuracy and completeness in digestion and capability of effectively avoiding result deviation and environmental pollution caused by heating and volatilization compared with the conventional digestion methods such as a dry ashing method and an acid digestion method; As, Cd, Hg and Pb can be detected simultaneously, so that the problems on the decomposition of the sample and the interference of residual organic matters are effectively solved, and element detection limit is obviously reduced compared with that of other methods; the method disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of high accuracy and density, low detection limit, short analyzing time, simultaneous detection of a plurality of elements and the like, and can be used for detecting a plurality of samples to be analyzed; and moreover, sample detection quality and efficiency is increased to a larger extent.


ABSTRACT Empty fruit bunch (EFB) biochar is being used as soil amendment to improve soil productivity of infertile soil for enhanced plant growth. Tropical soils are generally unfertile with, low organic matter, plant nutrients, acidic and low microorganisms that affect crop production. Addition of biochar such as empty fruit bunch (EFB) could improve the soil fertility. Laboratory and glasshouse studies were conducted to determine the effect of EFB biochar and nitrogen-fixing bacteria Stenotrophomonas sp. (Sb16) on soil microbial communities, enzyme activity, chemical properties and growth of sweet corn. Five rates of EFB biochar (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1%) were applied to soil either with or without bacteria Sb16 and incubated for 40 days under laboratory condition. Sweet corn were grown in pots containing 6 kg soil and applied with five rates of EFB biochar (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 t/ha) with or without bacteria Sb16. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with 5 replications. Results of laboratory study showed that combination of EFB biochar at 0.5% without inoculation and 0.25% with bacteria Sb16 in both soil, significantly increased populations of soil bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and N2-fixing bacteria (NFB), enzymes (urease, acid phosphatase and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis activity), and soil chemical properties (pH, organic carbon, total N, available P and exchangeable K, Ca and Mg). The glasshouse experiment showed that application of EFB biochar at 5 t/ha with bacteria Sb16 significantly (p<0.05) improved growth of corn (shoot and root biomass, root length, root volume, plant height, leaf chlorophyll content and nutrient uptake). Addition of higher EFB biochar to soil negatively affected all the observed parameters. The studies showed that application of EFB biochar at 5 t/ha or 0.25% with N2-fixing bacteria Sb16 and 10 t/ha or 0.5% without bacterial inoculation improved corn growth and the quality of soil for sustainable corn production.


It is a simple story that our Lord tells here. A man who is preparing to leave on a journey entrusts his possessions to his servants. He distributes his wealth among three servants, apportioned to them on the basis of their abilities. To the first he entrusted five talents, to the second two talents, and to the third one talent. The first two servants quickly set to work with their master's money. The third servant did not invest his master's money at all; he dug a hole in the ground and buried his master's money. When the master returned, the first two eagerly met their master, apparently delighted in the opportunity to multiply their master's money. Both were commended as "good and faithful servants"; both were rewarded with increased responsibilities in their master's service; both were invited to share in their master's joy.


Background: Diabetes and hypertension have significant effects on cardiac calcium (Ca2+) regulation which plays essential role in cardiac function. The effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma agonists on Ca2+ regulation in cardiomyocytes is unclear. Objective The purpose is to investigate the effects of hypertension, diabetes, and PPAR-γ agonist-rosiglitazone on regulation of Ca2+ and electrophysiological characteristics of isolated ventricular myocytes. Methods: Indo-1 fluorometric ratio technique, whole-cell patch clamp were used to investigate intracellular Ca2+ (Ca2+i), action potentials, ionic currents in ventricular myocytes from Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY), diabetic WKY, diabetic WKY treated with rosiglitazone, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), diabetic SHR, diabetic SHR treated with rosiglitazone. Western blot was used to evaluate protein expressions of sarcoplasmic reticulum ATPase (SERCA2a), Na+–Ca2+ exchanger (NCX), and ryanodine receptor (RyR). Results: Diabetic WKY and diabetic SHR had smaller sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ contents, Ca2+i transients with prolonged decay portion, down-regulated SERCA2a, NCX, RyR protein expressions and smaller L-type Ca2+ currents than non-diabetic WKY and SHR, respectively. Ca2+ dysregulations in diabetes were attenuated in rosiglitazone-treated rats. Diabetes and hypertension both prolonged action potential duration, which were enhanced by rosiglitazone, and induced the genesis of triggered activity. Conclusions: Diabetes and hypertension modulate Ca2+ handling. Rosiglitazone significantly changed Ca2+ regulation and electrophysiological characteristics, and may contain arrhythmogenic potential in diabetes.


This research aims to test and analyze the impact of Information Technology Capability, Organizational Learning, and Knowledge Management Capability on Organizational Performance, as well as to provide academic horizon for  academics and practicing, and applicable references for  banking offices in Southern Kalimantan Province. Knowledge- based recourses supported by Information Technological Capacity will enhance Organizational Performance and efficiently. 72 samples of Banking Branch Offices in Southern Kalimantan Province used saturated sample. Respondents consist of Heads of bank branch office for 3 years, from 2009 to 2011. Data collection used questionnaires regarding to perception of head of bank branch office. There were 69 questionnaires collected and quantitative data analysis approach with Partial Least Square.  4 variables were used in this research consist of Information Technology Capability, Organizational Learning, Knowledge Management Capability and Organizational Performance with 6 Hypotheses. 5 significant hypotheses are the impact of the Information Technology Capability on Organizational Learning, the impact of the Information Technology Capability on Knowledge Management Capability, the impact of the Information Technology Capability on Organizational Performance, the impact of the Organizational Learning on Organizational Performance, and the impact of the Knowledge Management Capability on Organizational Performance, and 1 non significant hypothesis  is the impact of the Organizational Learning on  Knowledge Management Capability. Keywords: Information Technology Capability, Organizational Learning, Knowledge Management Capability and Organizational Performance.


Objective:We stably transfected human prostate cancer cell line PC3M with a vector capable of expressing human tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2(TFPI-2)successfully.The present study was carried out to investigate the role of TFPI-2 in apoptosis of human prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.Methods:Human TFPI-2 expression vector pBos-Cite-neo/TFPI-2 was transfected into human prostate cancer cells line PC3M by using liposome.The transfected and the nontransfected cells were measured the expression of TFPI-2 mRNA and protein by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and Western blot analysis.Then,the apoptotic cells in PC3M-TFPI-2 cells and PC3M cells,which were labeled with Annexin V-FITC and PI kits,were detected by the flow cytometry.Results:The stable-transfected cells line PC3M-TFPI-2 can express mRNA and protein of TFPI-2.The apoptotic rate of TFPI-2-expressing cells(PC3M-TFPI-2 cells)was 25.17%,which was much higher than that of parental PC3M cells,whose apoptotic rate was 4.13%.Conclusions:Human TFPI-2 expression vector was successfully transfected into human prostate cancer cell line PC3M and was stably expressed in PC3M-TFPI-2.The expression of TFPI-2 may promote the apoptosis of human prostate cancer cells,which provides a new target basis for treating human prostate cancer with gene therapy.


1. The Variety of Instances. Peter Achinstein gives in his papers [i] and [2] interesting analyses of some problems of inductive logic and of some approaches I have proposed. I shall discuss here some of these problems in order to clarify my present position. My comments will mainly concern the variety of instances, and only briefly the analogy influence, and the inductive methods for a coordinate language. In his paper [2] (the ms. of which he kindly made available to me) Achinstein derives some formulas concerning my confirmation function c* for certain examples. He infers from the results that c* does not satisfy the requirement of the variety of instances (RVI). I had asserted in my paper ([3], ?15] and again in my book ([5], ?110 I] that c* satisfies RVI. He further generalizes his results by arguments intended to show that none of the confirmation functions in the lambda-system, explained in my monograph [6], satisfies RVI. Many years ago, when I examined for the first time the question whether c* satisfies RVI, I used examples similar to those of Achinstein and found the same result: that the value of c* for the hypothesis was the same on each of two evidences, one with a variety of instances and the other with instances of one kind only. This led me too to the belief that the requirement was not fulfilled. However, on closer analysis I saw that the simple forms of evidence which I had used (and similarly now Achinstein) are not suitable for an examination with respect to RVI. The examination must rather be made in the following way. The observers X and Y start out with a common prior evidence e, which states the following about a class K of N objects: (a) N1 specified objects of class K have the property P1, N'1 have not; (b) N13 specified objects of those with P1 have also the property P3, N13N others have not. Both observers intend to test the law 1: "All objects with P1 have also P2". They make their tests separately, but they agree that each of them will test a sample of s specimens from the N1 objects which were found to have P1. Now X takes his s specimens all from the N13 with P3, while Y, mindful of the requirement RVI, takes s.3 specimens from those N13 and s s13 others from the N13' without P3. X's report el on his tests states that his s specimens have P2; and Y's report says the same of his s specimens. Thus either observer has found s confirming instances and no disconfirming ones. Now let h be the hypothesis saying that the next object (or the next n objects) found to have P1 will also have P2 and thus satisfy the law 1. Then RVI demands that the confirmation function c be such that c(h, e.e2) > c(h, e.e,). This is the correct form of the requirement. And I shall show that this is fulfilled by my function c*. The essential point here is that the two observers have the same prior information about the observed frequencies of the various kinds of objects which come into consideration for a test of the law. This is necessary for a fair comparison. In Achinstein's example, the evidence for each observer is restricted to those objects which he tests for P2. Thus the prior information of the first observer is restricted to those s ravens


Along with the further development of the market economy and the industrialization in China,the vocational education is faced with new demands.To run the vocational education with its own feature,we should add modern educational techniques in it,infuse it with the corresponding educational ideology and establish the modern application mode with it.Applying the modern education is the choice of the market economy as well as the indispensable factor in the course of China'Ys industrialization.


U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2019–3047 October 2019 Introduction The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) quantitatively assessed the potential for undiscovered, technically recoverable continuous resources in organic-rich shales of the Permian Phosphoria Formation within the Southwestern Wyoming Province (fig. 1). The Phosphoria Formation represents a complex stratigraphic unit that was deposited in an oceanic embayment along the west-facing Permian continental margin (Sheldon, 1963). During Guadalupian time, cold, nutrient-rich currents from the north swept the embayment, resulting in deposition of phosphatic mudstone, organic-rich shale, and chert in what was otherwise a sediment-starved basin (Piper and Medrano, 1994; Carroll and others, 1998). The deepwater lithologies of the basin transition eastward to shallow-water shelf carbonates of the Permian Park City Formation and finally to continental red mudstone and evaporites of the Permian Goose Egg Formation. Much of the area with the deepwater facies of the Phosphoria Formation is within the Wyoming Thrust Belt Province, but there are deepwater deposits in which the Phosphoria Formation is as much as 10,000 meters (m) deep in the western part of the Southwest Wyoming Province. The purpose of this assessment is to estimate technically recoverable shale-gas resources within Phosphoria Formation shales.


The high grade highway pavement design should be driving comfort, low temperature crack resistance, high temperature stability, the use of durable, economic reasonable design function and using efficiency under the condition of meeting axial load,So it is called design optimization. Based on the flexible pavement and the rigid pavement each has its own characteristics and functions,So we put forward the design and application of composite pavement structure layer. Therefore, through the analysis of the mechanical properties of pavement structure and theory research, using different complementary advantages in pavement mechanics characteristics,can better improve the road performance and improve the economic benefit.


Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) have been associated with adverse psychiatric effects, aggression and violent behaviour. The use of them has spread to a larger subpopulation, and the use has bee ...


ABSTRACT This work studied the sliding wear performance of TiAl-based nitride coatings synthesized on austempered ductile iron (ADI) by cathodic arc deposition (CAD) and plasma-based ion implantation and deposition (PBIID). Monolayer CAD TiAlN films and bilayer CAD and PBIID TiAl/TiAlN films deposited on an experimental device were analyzed and benchmarked against a commercial bilayer CAD film. Sliding wear was evaluated in a pin–on–disc tribometer. Two test conditions were employed, one intended to prevent damage (low load, short distance) and another intended to promote damage (higher load, longer distance). Regarding low load tests, all coated samples showed friction coefficients of 0.40–0.45 and negligible wear. Regarding high load tests, all coated variants exhibited lower or equal disc and pin wear rates with respect to uncoated ADI. In addition, coated samples displayed steady-state friction coefficients between 0.2 and 0.6 while uncoated ADI steady-state coefficients between 0.6 and 0.85. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


Although a number of authors have described the challenges and benefits of filmless operation using a hospital-wide Picture Archival and Communication System (PACS), there have been few descriptions of a multi-hospital wide area PACS. The purpose of this paper is to describe our two and a half year experience with PACS in an integrated multi-facility health care environment, the Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System (VAMHCS). On June 17, 1995 the Radiology and Nuclear Medicine services became integrated for four medical centers forming the VA Maryland Health Care System creating a single multi-facility imaging department. The facilities consisted of the Baltimore VA (acute and outpatient care, tertiary referral center), Ft. Howard (primarily long term care), Perry Point (primarily psychiatric care), and the Baltimore Rehabilitation and extended care facility (nursing home). The combined number of studies at all four sites is slightly more than 80,000 examinations per year. In addition to residents and fellows, the number of radiologists at Baltimore was approximately seven, with two at Perry Point, one at Ft. Howard, and no radiologists at the Rehabilitation and Extended Care facility. A single HIS/RIS, which is located physically at the Baltimore VAMC is utilized for all four medical centers. The multi- facility image management and communication system utilizes two separate PAC Systems that are physically located at the Baltimore VA Medical Center (BVAMC). The commercial system (GE Medical Systems) has been in place in Baltimore for more than 41/2 years and is utilized primarily in the acquisition, storage, distribution and display of radiology and nuclear medicine studies. The second PACS is the VISTA Imaging System, which has been developed as a module of the VA's HIS/RIS by and for the Department of Veterans Affairs. All of the radiology images obtained on the commercial PACS are requested by the VISTA Imaging System using DICOM query/retrieve commands and are stored on a separate server and optical jukebox. Additionally, the VISTA system is used to store all images obtained by all specialties in the medical center including pathology, dermatology, GI medicine, surgery, podiatry, ophthalmology, etc. Using this two PAC system approach, the hospital is able to achieve redundancy with regard to image storage, retrieval, and display of radiology images. The transition to a 'virtual' multi-facility imaging department was accomplished over a period of two years. Initially, Perry Point and Ft. Howard replaced their general radiographic film processors with Computed Radiography (CR) units. The CR units and subsequently, the CT and Ultrasound systems at Perry Point were interfaced (DeJarnette Research Systems) with the commercial PACS located in Baltimore. A HIS/RIS to modality interface was developed (DeJarnette and Fuji Medical Systems) between the computed radiography and CT units and VISTA Information System at Baltimore. A digital dictation system was recently implemented across the multi- facility network. The integration of the three radiology departments into a single virtual imaging department serving four medical centers has resulted in a number of benefits. Economically, there has been the elimination via attrition of one and a half radiologist FTE's (full time equivalents) and an administrative position resulting in an annual savings of more than $375,000 per year. Additionally, the expenditures for moonlighter coverage for vacation, meeting, and sick leave have been eliminated. There is now subspecialty coverage for primary or secondary interpretation and for peer review.


The construction of large cross-section girder column template design and Tall template support system are the key problems which affect the quality and safety of construction.This article focused the main points of the design and construction of these problems through real examples.Construction units should implement quality control in the whole process to ensure that construction quality and safety.


What the Mind's Eye Tells the Mind's Brain: A Critique of Mental Imagery.- The Association of Images.- Images, Propositions, and Knowledge.- Mental Imagery and the Problems of Cognitive Representation: A Computer Simulation Approach.- The Separation and Integration of Related Semantic Information.- Interactions Between Philosophy and Artificial Intelligence: The Role of Intuition and Non-Logical Reasoning in Intelligence.- Concerning Imagery.- Holonomy and Structure in the Organization of Perception.- On the Distinction Between the Phenomenal and the Physical Object.- Unconscious Inference and Judgment in Perception.- To Know Your Own Mind.- The Subjective, Experiential Element in Perception.- Can Psychology Do Without Private Data?.


Vehicular communications have important applications for improving the safety of our increasingly populated roads, however they have privacy implications: the broadcast of safety messages can create opportunities for tracking of vehicles and drivers. For several proposed safety applications, it is desirable that nearby vehicles communicate continuously with one another, with the ability to link the sender of any one message to their previous messages - linkability. We observe that in academic literature and in industry, this linkability provision in not optimal. In protocols designed to give time-based linkability for nearby drivers, and unlinkability to prevent tracking, the continuity of communications is disrupted by unlinkable transitions; however for certain safety applications a continuous communication without this disruption in linkability is more fitting. In this light, we review the security requirements for safety messaging in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). We propose a new distance-based approach to providing continuous linkability, and outline solutions for its provision


This paper presents the ac small-signal modeling of the power stage of pulsewidth-modulated Z-source converter in continuous conduction mode by the circuit-averaging technique. The small-signal models used to derive the open-loop power-stage input voltage-to-capacitor voltage, input voltage-to-inductor current, control-to-capacitor voltage, and control-to-inductor current transfer functions are derived. Open-loop power-stage transfer functions corresponding to the capacitor voltage loop and inductor current loop are derived. The transfer functions derived take into account the equivalent series resistances of the inductors and capacitors. Experimental validation of the derived small-signal models is presented for a laboratory prototype. The theoretical predictions are in good agreement with the experimental results.


The concluding chapter of Trade Policy in Multilevel Government not only elaborates on the theoretical model's explanatory power and its limits in the light of the three analysed polities, but also turns to raising questions as to the democratic legitimacy of the multilevel pattern of trade policy described in the book. Questions of democratic legitimacy in multilevel systems are complicated by the fact that a popular and a territorial logic of representation coexist and, at times, compete. Both citizens and constituent units are entitled to input into the system. The ensuing tension between popular and territorial logics of representation also permeates multilevel trade governance. In the EU and the Canadian cases, territorial legitimacy clearly takes precedence over popular representation. Seen from this perspective, the US case appears in a somewhat different light. In the face of adaptational pressures arising from economic and political globalization, popular representation could also be regarded as an additional layer of autonomy in self-rule systems of multilevel government.


The dynamic structure of calcium dodecylsalicylates, which are employed as principal detergent-dispersant additives in engine oils, in micellar states in chloroform was studied by measurements of 13C-NMR spectra and spin-lattice relaxation times with the following results. The resonances from the aromatic ring and the five carbons of the dodecyl group nearest the aromatic ring, which constitute the inner part of the reversed micelle of salicylates, were broadened as compared to those of dodecylsalicylic acid. This showed that the local mobility of the inner part of the reversed micelles was considerably restricted as in the solid state, whereas the local mobility of the remaining carbons of the dodecyl group were not affected. The relaxation study showed that the segmental mobility of the alkyl chains gradually became greater as the distance separating the carbons from the aromatic ring increased. The effects of the addition of water on the structure of the micelles were also studied. The addition of water decreased slightly the broadening of the resonances from the inner part of the reversed micelles. This is probably due to hydration or formation of aqueous solutions in the micellar core, resulting in an increase in the local mobility.


This month, Nicola Bowers discusses the importance of integrating cardiovascular nursing experts and providing standardised competencies, especially in clinical research nursing.


The coronaviruses (CoVs) belongs to the subgroup Orthocoronavirinae in the family Coronaviridae, Order Nidovirales.1 During 2002, the China reports first outbreak of SARS quickly spread worldwide, leads to approximately 11% fatality rate while during 2012;2 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) originates in Saudi Arabia followed by its spread worldwide with 37% mortality.3 During December 2019, an pneumonia of unknown etiology has been detected in vast majority of patients resides in Wuhan City, Central China and Hubei Province.4 The Genomic research has been identified that this pneumonia considered as coronavirus disease 2019 caused by novel corona virus (CoV) labeled as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), formerly called as 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV).5 The screening and management strategies are not sufficient to end the battled against COVID-19.6 The survivors face various long terms symptoms produced by COVID-19 which are still the matter of debate.7 The literature reported 50-90% individuals have persistent symptoms and considered as long-haulers but due to confounders as gender, age, race, duration and severity of infection, short term study period and follow ups the results are hampered and limited.8


The PALLAS (discrete ordinates-integral transport) code was improved to include secondary sources, such as bremsstrahlung and fluorescence, to assure accurate and reliable results. The point buildup factors for high-Z materials were calculated with this code in the energy range of 0.015~15 MeV up to 40 mean free paths. The buildup factors for low-Z materials in the low energy range, which are most difficult to calculate, were calculated with PALLAS and were validated by comparison with the results of the EGS4 (point Monte Carlo), and ANISN codes. A function to calculate coherent scattering was added to the EGS4 code. It was suggested that neglecting coherent scattering and assuming free-electron Compton scattering can result in an error in the buildup factor. A fitting formula, the geometric progression (G-P) form, was developed to reproduce the data in codes used for shielding design. This formula can reproduce the data over the full range of distance, energy and atomic number within a few percent. The a...


. The world is gearing towards renewable energy sources, due to the numerous negative repercussions of fossil fuels. There is a need to increase the efficiency of power generation, transmission, distribution


Multi-Pursuers Multi-Evader Game (MPMEG) is considered as a multi-agent complex problem in which the pursuers must perform the capture of the detected evaders according to the temporal constraints. In this paper, we propose a metaheuristic approach based on a Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization in order to allow a dynamic coalition formation of the pursuers during the pursuit game. A pursuit coalition can be considered as the role definition of each pursuer during the game. In this work, each possible coalition is represented by a feasible particle's position, which changes the concerned coalition according to its velocity during the pursuit game. With the aim of showcasing the performance of the new approach, we propose a comparison study in relation to recent approaches processing the MPMEG in term of capturing time and payoff acquisition. Moreover, we have studied the pursuit capturing time according to the number of used particles as well as the dynamism of the pursuit coalitions formed during the game. The obtained results note that the proposed approach outperforms the compared approaches in relation to the capturing time by only using eight particles. Moreover, this approach improves the pursuers' payoff acquisition, which represents the pursuers' learning rate during the task execution.


We carried out comprehensive steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) studies to elucidate the origin of luminescence from a porous Si nanowire array prepared by metal-assisted chemical etching. We provide evidence for the defect nature of the PL, and ascribe it to donor–acceptor pair recombination. A schematic energy-level diagram is proposed to interpret the overall PL features.


By a coherent Mossbauer‐scattering experiment, the dynamical structure factor S(k,ω) was determined for pure liquid glycerol. As a function of temperature (−30°C?T?0°C) and momentum transfer (0.7A−1?k?4A−1) the width and intensity of the quasielastic line and the intensity of the inelastic line were measured. From the ratios of the intensities the mean‐square vibrational amplitude of the molecules was derived while from the linewidth of the quasielastic part we extracted translational and rotational diffusion parameters.


Cell aging is the foundation of human body aging,is the premise of human aging-related diseases.Research shows that tumorigenesis associated with aging,tumor suppressor gene is the key gene contact with the tumor and aging,the cell proliferation,tumorigenesis and cell differentiation connect with its expression level.So aging-related tumor suppressor gene activity detection will contribute to the occurrence of the senile disease and tumor,provide a prospects for tumor prevention and anti-aging.


SiC membranes were prepared using curing of precursor polymer (polycarbosilane, PCS) film by electron beam irradiation in helium atmosphere. The membrane prepared via curing of PCS film coated using 10mass% PCS solution for dip-coating followed by immersing it for 30 s in PCS solution, showed H2 permeance of 3:1 10 7 mol/m/s/Pa and the selectivity of 51 at 523K. The H2 permeance of the membrane was increased proportional to the temperature by the activated diffusion of H2. It indicates SiC film without pinholes or cracks formed on the support. As the pyrolysis temperature of cured PCS film was increased, the selectivity of the membrane reached the maximum at 923K. [doi:10.2320/matertrans.M2010418]


How to realize drinking - detection computerized management in the course of train - running is introduced in this paper. The special sensor 、 computer interface、 managed application software and etc. Which are under development have been discussed in details.


In order to avoid and predict accidents in advance in coal mine,a self-adaptive electronic nose based on fuzzy neural network was designed.According to different composition of mixed gas under different temperatures in coal mine,simulation experiments were carried out.The feasibility of this method is verfied by Matlab simulation.It is due to application of fuzzy neural network control algorithm,that making it has capability of self adaptive,fault-tolerance,and continous learning on mixed smell.Experimental results show that the electronic nose not only has rapid identification capability,but also improve the self-adaptive precision.As a result,it Can make prediction accurately.


The Simpson-Golabi-Behmel Syndrome (SGBS) or overgrowth Syndrome is an uncommon genetic X-linked disorder highlighted by macrosomia, renal defects, cardiac weaknesses and skeletal abnormalities. The purpose of the work was to classify the functional nsSNPs of GPC3 to serve as genetic biomarkers for overgrowth syndrome. The raw data of GPC3 gene were retrieved from dbSNP database and used to examine the most damaging effect using eight functional analysis tools, while we used I-mutant and MUPro to examine the effect of SNPs on GPC3 protein structure; The 3D structure of GPC3 protein is not found in the PDB, so RaptorX was used to create a 3D structural prototype to visualize the amino acids alterations by UCSF Chimera; For biophysical validation we used project HOPE; Lastly we run conservational analysis by BioEdit and Consurf web server respectively. Our results revealed three novel missense mutations (rs1460413167, rs1295603457 and rs757475450) that are that are more likely to be responsible for disturbance in the function and structure of GPC3. This work provides new insight into the molecular basis of overgrowth Syndrome by evidence from bioinformatics analysis. Three novel missense mutations (rs757475450, rs1295603457 and rs1460413167) are more likely to be responsible for disturbance in the function and structure of GPC3; therefore, they may be assisting as genetic biomarkers for overgrowth syndrome. As well as these SNPs can be used for the larger population-based studies of overgrowth syndrome.


It irked my curiosity that the standards of proof we have in our Common Law system all depend on how "reasonable" the proof sounds and how bulletproof the evidence "appears" to be. For instance, criminal law requires proof "beyond a reasonable doubt BRD ," where jurors must have no reasonable or possible doubt about the completeness of the evidence in the case before someone is put to death or adjudged guilty; this is a sine qua non, since nothing short of such a high standard is acceptable in matters concerning life and death. Civil litigation requires either "clear and convincing evidence CCE " or a "preponderance of evidence POE ." CCE is required when there is a potential loss of important and vital interests, such as deportation, involuntary commitment to a mental health institution, disbarment, and termination of parental rights. POE is required, such as in divorce, construction claims litigation, professional liability, tort springing from negligence, and discrimination cases, where it only needs to be reasonably shown that it is more likely than not that the stated contention is true. CCE exacts a higher standard of proof than just a preponderance of evidence. Essentially, clear and convincing requires some reason that is more than more likely or not. Thus, "clear and convincing" lies somewhere between beyond a reasonable doubt and a preponderance of evidence. The cutoff points of what is reasonable beyond a doubt or what is clear and convincing evidence are not a set standard.


We calculate the binding energies for shallow impurities in V-groove $\mathrm{GaAs}/{\mathrm{Al}}_{x}{\mathrm{Ga}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}\mathrm{As}$ quantum wires using a variational technique. The carrier ground states are calculated by an effective potential method together with a suitable coordinate transformation that allows the decoupling of the two-dimensional wave function. This method enables a detailed calculation of binding energies, providing an efficient tool for the study of impurity-related properties in V-groove wires. We show that the lateral confinement of the V-groove potential localizes the impurity wave function very effectively in the central region of the quantum wire.


Editors' Summary: In this Article, William W. Wade evaluates the conceptual measurement of economic impact within the Penn Central test for income-producing properties recently adjudicated in the U.S. Court of Federal Claims and U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. The discussion considers measurement of the denominator of the takings fraction related to Penn Central's parcel as a whole and whether it differs between permanent and temporary takings. He concludes that the Federal Circuit's recent decision to rely on change in value appraisal methods upsets a strong line of precedent that relied on the more appropriate return on equity approach.


In this publication, the authors touch the problem of creating a barrier-free area in urban space with a complicated relief on the pattern of the city of Vladivostok. At the request of the President of the Society for the Disabled "The Ark" for the study, was chosen Russian Street from the bus station to the ring of Bagration. In this area, was chosen the Society "Ark" and the Far East Territorial Organization of the All-Russian Society of the Blind; therefore, people with disabilities often attend it. With the help of photo fixation, the main important objects and problems related to their exploitation were identified. The result of the work is the project decision submitted to the city administration.


Biopsy is defined as the removal of tissue from the living organism for the purpose of diagnosis and treatment. Performing a good biopsy procedure needs appropriate training and good hand skill. There are various biopsy procedures and each procedure has its own advantages and disadvantages. Thus it is necessary for the dental practitioner to choose the appropriate biopsy procedure to arrive at a confirmatory diagnosis.


Background This study evaluated the outcomes of debridement arthroplasty for stiff elbows, as well as the factors affecting clinical outcomes after surgical treatment. Methods Eighteen patients with post-traumatic stiff elbows were treated with debridement arthroplasty using a posterior approach. The mean patient age was 33 years (range, 16 to 59 years), and the average follow-up period was 59 months (range, 24 to 141 months). The patient's ability to perform activities of daily living, including combing their hair, feeding themselves, performing hygiene, and putting on shirt and shoes, were evaluated using the Mayo Elbow Performance Score. Results At the last follow-up, 16 elbows had painless motion. Two patients continued to complain of mild intermittent pain. The flexion and extension improved to 121° and 10° after surgery, respectively, indicating an average 34° increase in elbow flexion range and an average 25° increase in elbow extension range (p < 0.001, p < 0.001). The Mayo Elbow Performance Score at the last follow-up was excellent in nine elbows (50%) and good in nine elbows (50%). Conclusions Debridement arthroplasty is a predictable procedure for the treatment of intractable stiff elbow, provided that the elbow is stable and congruous.


A tremendous number of gust-load cases need to be computed during the aircraft design and certification process. From an aerodynamic point of view, gust-load predictions in industry rely on linear ...


The synthesized dyes contain l-butyl-3,3-dimethyl-3//-indolium or benzo[e] analogs as the terminal subunits and diverse chains linking the central meso positions of the individual chromophores. The dimeric dyes show absorption in the red (> 600 nm) or near-infrared (> 700 nm) regions.


There is a long history of research in automatic text summarization systems by both the text retrieval and the natural language processing communities, but evaluation of such systems' output has always presented problems. One critical problem remains how to handle the unavoidable variability in human judgments at the core of all the evaluations. Sponsored by the DARPA TIDES project, NIST launched a new text summarization evaluation effort, called DUC, in 2001 with follow-on workshops in 2002 and 2003. Human judgments provided the foundation for all three evaluations and this paper examines how the variation in those judgments does and does not affect the results and their interpretation.


Seasonal variations of Dissolved Oxygen(DO) concentration in the water samples from Changjiang River Estuary and adjacent area were analyzed,which were obtained during 2006 and 2007 cruises.In winter,DO concentration was higher in the outer shelf than that in the coast area and homogeneous in the water column.In spring,water column stratification,algae bloom and the settling organic matter consumed the preformed low oxygen provided necessary conditions for the development of bottom water hypoxia.In summer,there was a "low oxygen zone" in the northern of the front with the minimum value was 2.0 mg/L.In autumn,low concentration patches were observed in the east area of 122.5°E,these maybe the residue of summer hypoxia.Because of the mixed influence of anthropogenic activity and natural variation,the biogeochemistry dynamics and ecology response were complicated.Changjiang plume provided inorganic nutrients for phytoplankton growing,Taiwan Warm Current intrusion offered a low preformed oxygen value,water column stratification prohibited gas exchange between bottom and upper water.On the other hand,the distribution patterns of Particulate Organic Carbon(POC) and Total Organic Carbon(TOC) illustrated that terrigenous organic matter maybe no significant contribution to the formation and development of bottom water hypoxia.


A considerable difference in growth rates of pigmented and white anagen beard hair (0‐47 mm/day vs. 1.12 mm/day, on average) was measured in three individuals over a 3‐ycar period. Nuclear differentiation in the suprabulbar region of hair shafts revealed an earlier, and more intensive, condensation of chromatin in pigmenled hair than in white hair. As other differences (diameter, presence or absence of medulla) between the two hair types could be excluded, the results suggest earlier terminal differentiation of pigmented hair compared with white hair.


This study aims to find out how the concept of the Hybrid Working Model is used and how it affects the work culture at PT Bank DBS Indonesia as one of the companies that apply the Hybrid Working Model working arrangement. The research that will be carried out uses qualitative research methods because this study aims to understand social reality, then this study emphasizes more on meaning and seeing the values that exist in the PT Bank DBS Indonesia company. Data analysis technique with narrative analysis. The results of this study that the Hybrid Working Model that applied at PT Bank DBS Indonesia is Future of Work, Workforce, and Workplace (F3W) which provides flexibility of up to 40% of the employee's effective working hours (3 days WFO and 2 daysWFH), then there is an adjustment of the culture and values that are affected when implementing hybrid working model as evidenced by TOGETHER Movement as a support project for the PRIDE value at PT Bank DBS Indonesia. The conclusion of this study there is a positive change in the way of communicating and collaborating which becomes easier, but employees feel less enjoy and fun in their works.


In moving toward a hydrogen energy society, a key focus of research has been on the development of fuel-cell electric vehicles. As the volume and weight density of liquid hydrogen are large, liquid hydrogen is seen as the preferred storage method over gaseous hydrogen. However, in order to store liquid hydrogen stably over a long period of time with minimal loss of energy, it becomes important to develop an efficient small cryocooler. In contrast, progress toward superconducting systems in recent years has been remarkable. Therefore, improvement in the refrigeration efficiency of 4 K cryocoolers deserves increased consideration. This paper reports on research aimed at improving the refrigeration efficiency of a two-stage GM cryocooler. Because a GM cryocooler operates using Simon expansion, its COP approaches that of the ideal Carnot cycle as the compression ratio is lowered. When investigated with this viewpoint, we have verified that GM refrigeration efficiency rises with reduction of the compression ratio. If the compression ratio is further lowered, refrigeration efficiency will fall rapidly. Thus, by optimization of the compression ratio of a GM cryocooler, it has been verified that refrigeration efficiency can be improved significantly. Application of the results of this research have the potential of sharply reducing the energy consumption of liquid hydrogen and superconducting systems.


We report on experiments, applying a novel microscopy method for ultrathin‐film characterization which uses the dispersion properties of plasmon surface polaritons (PSP) as a contrast giving mechanism. In contrast to prior methods, we apply white light instead of a laser for resonant PSP excitation. For a given incident angle and an area of given thickness, a narrow spectral band of the incident light is at resonance for PSP excitation. Therefore, we obtain images with areas of different thickness appearing in different color. As an example, we present microscopic images taken from a thin Cu–phthalocyanine film, evaporated onto solid support through a mask. In addition, we compare the obtained images to theoretical considerations on the contrast mechanism.


The authors present the results of the standard thermogravimetric method, carried out to determine the water content of the Val Senales Mummy. The tests have been carried out on skin and subcutaneous tissues from the foot and buttock of the Mummy : the results show a low chemically bonded water content. The information allowed to preserve the wet Mummy at the Museo Archeologico dell'Alto Adige and its public exhibition.


Researches into extensometric flowmeter prototype as alternative device used during measurements of air sucked in by piston engine are presented in the paper. The principle of extensometry is based on the variation in resistance of light-gauge metal wire exposed to linear strain. The advantage of designed and made extensometric flowmeter prototype is the unsophisticated design and lack of moving parts, which influences the reliability of the device. The measurements were conducted in static conditions for three different angles of incidence on test stand equipped with Roots blower powered by electric motor. The test stand was capable to generate the flow rate of 0,075 m 3 /s to 0,275 m 3 /s.


Continuous simulation mathematical models are proposed for two different epidemic situa tions : Hepatitis B in a cohort of newborns followed for life, and one of the danger groups in the current AIDS epidemic. The paper describes the rationale behind the systems of differential equations used to model both situ ations, and the way to test alternative policies, such as vaccination, preventive measures, or the effects of new drugs on AIDS.


At present,in the process of digital building in Sulige Gasfield,there are mainly two kinds of wireless communication technologies applied to single-well wireless monitoring which are data-transmission radio and wireless bridge.Because of bandwidth limitation,the two technologies can't transmit the data,video and voice at the same time.So,the McWiLL wireless access technology,as a kind of new method,was introduced in this paper.To determine the characteristic,such as effective communication distance,communication effects and so on,the technology was applied for field test in Sulige Gasfield.Results in XX Block proved that the McWiLL broadband wireless technology can establish a data communication network including video surveillance,production data collection,and dispatch voice communication.The technology is feasible in the Sulige Gasfield and it is suggested to conduct further test.


Disclosed is the effect of reducing 3D crosstalk is obtained, to provide a liquid crystal display device, the pixel structure and a driving method thereof. A By first scan line of the pixel structure for transmitting a first scan signal to turn on the first switch element, together with the pixel electrode is charged, the charging is completed, the pixel electrode is kept coulometric when in state by transmitting a second scan signal second scan line to turn on the second switching unit, by the common electrode line provides a common voltage to the pixel electrode, equal to the common voltage pixel electrode voltage become. By the above method, the present invention is to guarantee the resolution of the charging time and the liquid crystal display device having the pixel electrodes, to achieve black insertion techniques, reduces 3D crosstalk. .FIELD 1


Cloud services provide clients with highly scalable network, storage, and computational resources. However, these service come with the challenge of guaranteeing the confidentiality of the data stored on the cloud. Rather than attempting to prevent adversaries from compromising the cloud server, we aim in this thesis to provide data confidentiality and secure computations in the cloud, while preserving the privacy of the participants and assuming the existence of a passive adversary able to access all data stored in the cloud.

To achieve this, we propose several protocols for secure and privacy-preserving data storage in the cloud. We further show their applicability and scalability through their implementations. we first propose a protocol that would allow emergency providers access to privately encrypted data in the cloud, in the case of an emergency, such as medical records. Second, we propose various protocols to allow a querying entity to securely query privately encrypted data in the cloud while preserving the privacy of the data owners and the querying entity. We also present cryptographic and non-cryptographic protocols for secure private function evaluation in order to extend the functions applicable in the protocols.