Aim: To determine the significance of red cell distribution width as prognostic marker in patients with sepsis. To assess the clinical outcome by correlating red cell distribution width with SOFA score in patient with sepsis.
Methods: This was a prospective study, which was conducted at tertiary care hospital , Pondicherry where we enrolled 71 patients above 18 years of age who had sepsis symptoms admitted in the medical ward/ICU. Patients with sepsis at admission were prospectively evaluated for correlation between RDW value, SOFA score both at admission , day 3 and day 7 with survivors and non-survivors. Besides the groups of raised and normal RDW, study population was further analyzed after categorizing into three RDW groups as follows: ≤14.2%, 14.2–15.2%, and >15.2% as well.
Results: 71 sepsis patient's age ranged from 25 to 91 years with a mean age of 60.39 years. The male gender was predominant. The causes of sepsis were multifactorial and pneumonia was the prime cause of sepsis. 41-60 and 61-80 years were predominant age groups and equal number of major non- survivors were also belongs to this age groups (14.08% each). The RDW showed highly significant difference between survivors and non-survivors (P<0.0001). The mortality rate was highly significant in moderate and higher RDW groups (P<0.0001). While the RDW values increased, the mortality rate was also increased in the present study. There was a significant association between RDW levels and severity of sepsis that leads to mortality. Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of both RDW and SOFA at the time of admission showed that RDW had 100 % sensitivity and specificity whereas SOFA showed 100 % and 50 % sensitivity and specificity respectively.
Conclusion: By this study we could measure RDW value which is a part of an automated CBC which is a done routinely, which is cheap, easily available parameter on admission can be used as a prognostic marker in patients in sepsis.


The dispersion of unducted lightning-generated whistlers observed by Voyager I in the warm torus around density peaks at L = 5.7 and L = 5.9 are analyzed using the HOTRAY code, which incorporates a newly developed diffusive equilibrium density model for the Io torus. Since the wave propagation characteristics are primarily controlled by electron density, a simplified two-ion (H + and O +) model has been used to simulate wave dispersion. The properties of O + are adjusted to simulate the electron density variation at low latitudes (_ l) of heavy ions are required to match the observed whistler dispersion. Proton concentrations typically lie in the range 5-10%, with larger values in the outer torus. On the basis of these optimum plasma parameters, the observed upper cutoff frequencies ( 0 6 kHz ) imply a minimum electron density.of about 8 cm - at high latitudes along field lines that map into the warm torus. This analysis of unducted whistlers indicates that all observed waves originate in the northern hemisphere rather than the. southern hemisphere, as assumed in earlier studies of ducted waves. This new result is consistent with optical lightning events, which were only observed in the northern hemisphere by Voyager 1.


The wireless networks and mobile computing applications are rapidly changing the landscape of network security. These technologies create new vulnerabilities that do not exist in wired network. Some of the techniques and methods of network securities are ineffective. The traditional way of protecting networks with firewalls and encryption software are not sufficient for detecting new types of attack in wireless environment. So, we need to develop new architecture and mechanisms to protect the wireless networks and mobile computing applications. Many network security systems available in market are capable to secure networks from various kinds of attacks. These techniques are rule dependent and some are rule independent and they are playing important role in information security. The modern network security systems are too complex and timeconsuming. These are not affordable on the basis of its cost as well as performance. Many network security systems are not platform independent. In this paper, we demonstrate and revisit experimental standalone methodologies that detect the message modification, replay attacks, an identification of unauthorized users in ad-hoc networks. The proposed system is simple, economical, and platform independent.


The approach to pregnancy and birth has changed throughout history. Midwifery as a profession has evolved right along with it. In today's society, women are becoming increasingly interested in pursuing natural childbirth and simply having more choice in the process. Nurse-midwives provide choice and empowerment throughout the pregnancy, labor, and delivery process. The attraction to nurse-midwives and natural childbirth has created a birth culture which has developed many methods to avoid medical intervention. Water birth has been shown to be one of the most effective and safest methods of pain relief during childbirth. Cover Page Footnote Honors Mentor: Angela Sears, Associate Professor, Nursing This article is available in JCCC Honors Journal: http://scholarspace.jccc.edu/honors_journal/vol4/iss1/5 After graduation from high school, I knew exactly where my career would take me. I would attend KU with double major in political science and women's studies. After that, I would pursue a law degree and become an elected official. Life had different plans. I did not do well in school, became distracted, and decided politics was not right for me. At twenty years old, after deciding to pursue nursing, I became pregnant and my academic career temporarily ended. During this time, I became enthralled with the pregnancy and birth process. After reading and speaking to other mothers I decided to attempt natural childbirth. My partner and obstetrician were very supportive and I went into the process ready to pursue my birth plan. While in labor I went into meditation while breathing through contractions. I had a vision, one where I was empowering women during labor, assisting them to bring babies into the world in a natural and less painful manner. It created within me an overwhelming excitement and helped me focus through the rest of my labor until my daughter arrived. After some time staying home, I started to take classes to move on my way to applying to the nursing program. I investigated where a nursing career could take me. I found that becoming a Certified Nurse-Midwife (CNM) was most in line with my values of natural birth, promoting wellness, involvement in women's health, and also allows a nurse to work independently if desired. Throughout nursing school, it became clear that this is the best path for me. The research conducted for this paper has only contributed to reaffirming my decision and helping me to define what my role will be as a professional nurse-midwife. The history of birth in the US and the world could, and does, occupy several books. In order to simply provide a brief perspective on the evolution of the birth process, it is important to first understand that in the late 18 th century there were no medical schools or even specific licensing for doctors. All that a person had to do was declare themselves a doctor, meaning there 1 Hornbeck: Joyful Choice: An Exploration of Nurse-Midwifery and Water Birth Published by ScholarSpace @ JCCC, 2013 was a wide definition of a medical practitioner (Ettinger, 2006). Physicians of many types occupied the medical profession at this time, including those that practiced what would now be considered scientific medicine, homeopathy, midwives, and botanists (Ettinger, 2006). Physicians who used western science and modern practices started forming societies and developing licensing rules in order to narrow the definition of a medical doctor (Ettinger, 2006). This set the precedence for the requirements of licensing, educational guidelines, and standards of practice for all medical professionals including nurses and nurse-midwives. Before the appearance of medicalized childbirth, birth was attended by untrained female members of the woman's community. There was often a "midwife" present, but this woman was not necessarily trained. The word was simply used to label a person in charge during labor and birth. This midwife would stay for hours or even days after birth to ensure the wellness of the mother, her newborn, and communicate with the family (Ettinger, 2006). These midwives used gravity and trust to help women through labor. Women typically had a midwife from their circle of friends or family. This woman might be well trained, or it could be their first birth out of an apprenticeship (Ettinger, 2006). These midwives attended births for hundreds of years until obstetricians and hospitals became more popular. Long before moving into hospitals, birth culture in the US started to transform. Even though it would not become widespread for over 200 years, "man-midwives" started attending childbirth in the 1700s. They brought with them forceps and other instruments to help speed delivery. With these tools came the development of puerperal fever since there was no understanding of how infection spread (Ettinger, 2006). Throughout the 1920's and 1930's, things began to change and birth started to move into hospitals with doctors and nurses. With new understanding of bacteriology, hospitals could offer a cleaner environment. Hospitals 2 JCCC Honors Journal, Vol. 4 [2013], Iss. 1, Art. 5 http://scholarspace.jccc.edu/honors_journal/vol4/iss1/5 additionally provided pain relief, forceps, and early methods of labor induction. Women began to believe that hospitals would offer more predictability and less danger than home birth. In contrast to these published opinions, the infant and maternal mortality rates began to rise almost immediately with the popularity of hospital birth (Ettinger, 2006). Women began to recommend hospital birth as an opportunity for vacation away from home and other children. On the other side, some women felt quarantined and surrounded strangers during a revealing and life changing event. This time in history also marked the US becoming a mobile society. It became common for women to have no female friends or family nearby to oversee birth (Ettinger, 2006). These factors, in combination with the standardizing of medical education changed the face of midwifery in the US and across the world. Expected standards of practice and licensing created a need for midwifery education. At first, this meant simply going to "midwifery school"(Ettinger, 2006). As expectations about the levels of care provided changed, this requirement changed. Currently there are several levels of birth attendant. A doula is the least liable type of birth attendant. They are not expected to catch the baby, but are more in charge of caring for the mother's needs throughout labor, birth, and often for weeks afterward. Doulas are required to attend classes, read books, and attend a certain number of births before receiving certified status from DONA (Doulas of North America). DONA certifies and provides a search engine for birth and postpartum doulas all over the US, Canada, and Mexico (DONA International, 2012). Doulas are helpful for women during labor and can be an advocate for women's choice at home or in a hospital. The next level of birth attendants is referred to as a lay midwife. These women typically have no formal training, not to say that they are not knowledgeable about birth. Although older lay midwives may have just as much experience with birth as a nurse-midwife, the issue is that 3 Hornbeck: Joyful Choice: An Exploration of Nurse-Midwifery and Water Birth Published by ScholarSpace @ JCCC, 2013 these women are not eligible for insurance and can suffer legal liability, or lack thereof, if a birth results in illness or death (Malloy, 2010). The next step is a Certified Professional Midwife (CPM), which requires providing evidence of specific skills, education, and experience to the North American Registry of Midwives (NARM). These midwives typically have attended midwifery school or training program of some kind along with neonatal resuscitation courses and attending or assisting with several births (Ettinger, 2006). Both of these types of midwives do not have a nursing background, but can provide natural childbirth support for women. CPMs have more standardized education about birth itself and are a safer choice than lay midwives. The highest midwifery education is a Certified Nurse-Midwife (CNM). These professionals are registered nurses who have gained a master's degree in nurse-midwifery and have passed a board exam. The education is not simply about labor and birth. It includes overall women and newborn health, family planning, nutrition, and much more (ACOG, 2011). In many states CNMs have the ability to provide well woman care and prescribe birth control along with attending to the needs of a pregnant, laboring woman (Ettinger, 2006). With specialized training and licensing, CNMs become increasingly independent and able to care for laboring women with little to no medical interventions. This is creating an atmosphere that motivates women throughout the pregnancy and birth process while also decreasing risks for mother and child. In a world of research based medical care, someone might ask: Why would a woman choose a midwife, CPM, or CNM over an obstetrician to help deliver their baby? On the same note, why would a woman choose a birthing center or especially their own home to labor instead of the safety and security of a hospital? Hospitals are still the most common choice for women to give birth. Women see that there is increasing risk associated with birth each passing year. Higher rates of obesity, diabetes, advanced maternal age, and poor overall health are resulting in 4 JCCC Honors Journal, Vol. 4 [2013], Iss. 1, Art. 5 http://scholarspace.jccc.edu/honors_journal/vol4/iss1/5 more complications with childbirth (McInnes & McIntosh, 2012). It is important to note that despite these increasing risks studies show that 70% of pregnancies in the United States are considered low risk, normal pregnancies (Consortium for the Evidence-base Practice of Obstetrics, 2004). Aside from that statistic, women have a reasonable fear of illness or death when it comes to birth. This


A 23‐year‐old nurse (HC‐IP) developed acute hepatitis C. Intrafamilial transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) was suspected initially because her parents were carriers of HCV of the same genotype (1b) as that of Patient HC‐IP. However, the HCV isolate from Patient HC‐IP and those from her parents shared identities of only 92.4–92.7% in the 1,087‐nucleotide (nt) sequence within the NS5B region. It was then suspected that she contracted HCV infection during medical practice. Sixteen patients with antibodies to HCV (anti‐HCV) were hospitalized 1–3 months before she became positive for anti‐HCV. Upon analysis of stored serum samples, 14 of the 16 patients were found to be positive for HCV RNA, and 9 of the 14 viremic patients had genotype 1b HCV. Although the shared identities between the HCV isolate from Patient HC‐IP and those from eight of the nine patients were merely 90.6–93.9% within the 1,087‐nt NS5B sequence, the HCV isolate from the remaining one patient (HC‐P12) was 99.7% identical to that from Patient HC‐IP. Upon analysis of the E1 and E2 junctional region including hypervariable region 1 (283 nt), there was a close relationship (99.3–100%) between clones obtained from Patients HC‐IP and HC‐P12. Although the nurse HC‐IP had a finger injury, she took care of Patient HC‐P12, a 70‐year‐old man with HCV‐related cirrhosis and recurrent epistaxis, occasionally without wearing protective gloves. This study indicates the occurrence of HCV transmission by exposure of nonintact skin to blood in health care settings. J. Med. Virol. 81:1363–1370, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Regular contributor Khalil Hamdan looks at bumblebees which are of the order of Hymenoptera (stinging insects) Family: Apidae, Species name: Bombus, a Latin word meaning a buzzing or booming sound.


We tested cross-borehole probing techniques for the detection of natural and man-made cavities potentially hazardous to mining. Both electromagnetic and seismic probing techniques were tested. For electromagnetic probing of a tunnel or other regularly shaped cavity, theory predicts that two distinct signal minima defining the roof and floor will exist on the transmission side, provided that the wavelength is less than or equal to the cavity diameter. Our field tests showed a clear cavity signature (as defined by the minima) for regularly shaped cavities when the surrounding rock was competent, but a less clear signature when the rock was fractured. For seismic probing, theoretical/numerical analysis shows that as the source and receiver are lowered in boreholes straddling the anomaly, the signal minima and phase structure easily yield the anomaly's lateral and vertical positions. The analysis includes compressional waves (P waves), and horizontally and vertically polarized shear waves. Field tests showed that the first arrival amplitude for a transmitted P wave is an effective tunnel diagnostic, and that under appropriate conditions, first arrival time may also be useful. Probing with shear waves was unsuccessful because their response could not be separated from the response of the P waves. 31 references, 60more » figures.« less


In the biological systems there are numerous examples of autonomously generated periodic activities. This paper proposes a synthesis method of neural oscillators by neural network learning. The problem is formulated as determining the weights of the synaptic connections of neural networks such that, the neural networks generate desired autonomous limit cycles. We introduce a new architecture of neural networks, hybrid recurrent neural networks, in order to enhance the capability of implementing neural oscillators. In order to generate autonomous limit cycles in the neural networks we make use of the bifurcation theory. Efficient learning methods for synthesizing neural oscillators with desired limit cycles are derived. Synthesis examples are also presented to demonstrate the applicability and performance of the proposed method.


We have conducted a study in a group of industrial employees, in order to evaluate if coffee consumption is related to the education level. 25 persons with high education and 50 persons with low education (unskilled work force) were included. The groups were similar in gender and age distribution. We have recorded daily consumption during the annual health check up, using a standard questionnaire. Excel Stat Plus 2013 was used for performing the statistical analysis. A significant, higher intake of coffee cups was recorded in the unskilled group; the estimated average caffeine intake was 428 mg/day. This group had also a higher smoking prevalence. The study confirmed that caffeine intake varies across occupational groups, according to education level. The health promotion activities related to coffee drinking should particularly target this population and adapt its instruments to influence the excessive consumption.


Simple Summary Newly hatched chicks do not have access to feed until between 48 and 72 h post-hatch based on standard practices in the poultry industry. How these practices affect the chicken's immune system in not well understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of a delay in access to feed for 48 h in newly hatched chicks on the expression of various immune-related genes in the ileum and analyzed the correlation between these genes and the components of the ileal microbiota. The results suggest that several immune-related genes were affected by delayed access to feed and the age of the birds; however, these changes were transient, occurring mostly within 48 h of the return of birds to feed. In the correlation analysis between gene expression and components of the ileal microbiota, an increased number of significant correlations between immune-related genes and the genera Clostridium, Enterococcus, and the species Clostridium perfringens suggests a perturbation of the immune response and ileal microbiota in response to lack of feed immediately post-hatch. These results point out the complexity of the interplay between microbiota and the immune response and will help further explain the negative effects of delay in access to feed on production parameters in chickens. Abstract Because the delay of feed post-hatch (PH) has been associated with negative growth parameters, the aim of the current study was to determine the effect of delayed access to feed in broiler chicks on the expression of immune-related genes and select proteins. In addition, an analysis of the correlation between gene expression and components of the gut microbiota was carried out. Ross 708 eggs were incubated and hatched, and hatchlings were divided into FED and NONFED groups. The NONFED birds did not have access to feed until 48 h PH, while FED birds were given feed immediately PH. The ileum from both groups (n = 6 per group) was sampled at embryonic day 19 (e19) and day 0 (wet chicks), and 4, 24, 48, 72, 96, 144, 192, 240, 288, and 336 h PH. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was carried out to measure the expression of avian interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, transforming growth factor (TGF-β), toll-like receptor (TLR)2, TLR4, interferon (IFN)-β, IFN-γ, and avian β-defensins (AvBD) I, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10. Protein expression of IL-10, IL-1β, IL-8, and IL-18 were measured using ELISAs. A correlation analysis was carried out to determine whether any significant association existed between immune gene expression and components of the ileal luminal and mucosal microbiota. Expression of several immune-related genes (TGF-β, TLR4, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, and AvBDs 8 and 9) were significantly affected by the interaction between feed status and age. The effects were transient and occurred between 48 and 96 h PH. The rest of the genes and four proteins were significantly affected by age, with a decrease in expression noted over time. Correlation analysis indicated that stronger correlations exist among gene expression and microbiota in NONFED birds. The data presented here indicates that delay in feed PH can affect genes encoding components of the immune system. Additionally, the correlation analysis between immune gene expression and microbiota components indicates that a delay in feed has a significant effect on the interaction between the immune system and the microbiota.


The archaeological site in Via La Farina, Block P, in Messina, is unique in many ways, due also to the high quantity of samples of iron slag. The slag was examined to identify the production centres of such materials, and, after characterization, was compared to similar material, exclusively for product typology, from different archaeological sites in the province of Messina, situated in the Peloritani Mountains (Messina city, S. Marco d'Alunzio, Milazzo, Francavilla di Sicilia, Novara di Sicilia as well as the archaeological site of Halaesa, near Tusa). Mineralogical characterization of the phases carried out by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and Rietveld data elaboration, morphological study of slag findings and a semi-quantitative analysis by scanning electronic microscope (SEM+EDX) were performed. A chemical investigation was carried out by electron probe micro analysis (EPMA), to determine major element,. Minor and trace elements were determined by LA-ICP-MS. All the examined slag is related to iron metallurgy, and, in the case of Via La Farina, there is firm archaeological evidence pinpointing to smelting activity.


Introduction Anti-endothelial cell antibodies (AECA) recognize endothelial cell proteins and are thought to play an important role in vascular damage observed in systemic scleroderma (SSc) and many other autoimmune diseases. In SSc, AECA were found to be more common in patients with pulmonary hypertension, digital ulcers and nailfold capillaroscopic changes. Until now, there have been no studies examining the association between AECA positivity with the activity and duration of the disease. Aim To evaluate associations between the presence of AECA in sera of patients with SSc and internal organs involvement as well as disease activity. Material and methods Sera of 58 patients with SSc (50 with localized subtype and 8 with diffuse subtype) were examined for AECA presence using an indirect immunofluorescence technique. Several clinical and laboratory features were also evaluated as well as disease activity and disease duration. Results A significant association between positive AECA and a subtype of SSc (p = 0.021) was found, as well as between presence of digital ulcers and digital scars (p = 0.001), calcinosis (p = 0.02), acroosteolysis (p = 0.028) and a nearly significant association between AECA and lung fibrosis (p = 0.47). No association between disease duration, disease activity and AECA (p = 1.000 and 0.191, respectively) was present. Conclusions Anti-endothelial cell antibodies are not associated with the activity of SSc. Digital ulcers, calcinosis and acroosteolysis are more common among AECA-positive patients suggesting that the presence of AECA might be an indicator of vascular complications development in SSc. Positive AECA among patients with lung fibrosis indicate their possible role in the development of lung disease. Further prospective studies including a greater number of patients are required.


The multilayer site of Rozhok I is a reference object for the study of the Middle Palaeolithic in the south of the Russian Plain. The well-preserved cultural remains lying in a thick bed of loess-soil sediments may shed light on a number of questions regarding the chronology and cultural affinities of the regional Middle Palaeolithic industries, as well as the economic activity of their makers and the character of manufacturing technologies used to produce stone and bone tools. Of special interest is a series of bone artifacts identified among faunal remains from cultural horizon VI. These include both lightly and heavily modified objects, some of which appear to have been associated with symbolic behavior. The paper presents the results of an in-depth technological analysis of these artifacts.


A computerized analytical model of a multi-component airfoil in viscous, subsonic flow has been developed. The model, representing attached flow, defines viscous pressure distributions, lift, moments, and local boundary-layer properties on each element of an arbitrarily arranged slotted airfoil. The final viscous solution is obtained by an iterative technique for successively combining an inviscid solution with boundary-layer displacement thicknesses. Ordinary boundary-layers include laminar, transition, and turbulent types. A significant feature of the program is an analytical model representing the merging of the upper surface boundary layer with the slot efflux. Typical correlations with experiment are provided and program applications are discussed.


ABSTRACT Scholars argued for the need of better urban planning procedures in post-socialist Prague in the 1990s. But a society liberated from an oppressive political system where five-year plans defined every aspect of life did not believe in the beneficial power of regulations. Prague just started to profit from the large wave of foreign tourists arriving, and did not want to control the liberal market, trusted to upgrade the obsolete hotel infrastructure created by central planning. Literature documents well this era of transition, bringing into focus more and more the conflicts of tourism development in the historic city, often described as a tourist ghetto. This study demonstrates direct links between the extremities in tourism planning procedures and the criticized touristification process. Prague's hotel development patterns are compared with similar tourist-historic destinations: Budapest and Vienna. The building age and typology was included in the geographical analysis of hotels, revealing more of the extreme consequences of both the era of centralized planning procedures, and of the era of uncontrolled liberalization multiplied by the effects of in-kind restitution. Vienna has a totally balanced spatial distribution of hotels showing a linear development through the ages. Budapest faced the same communist period followed by a liberalization process, but the sensibility of the communist regime towards tourism demands and the avoided in-kind type of restitution during privatization in the new era kept the hotel development patterns and the tourist space system more balanced. The results of this study contribute to the general understanding of the needs and tools of tourism planning in urban tourism development.


This assemblage of 12 diverse chapters thus explores the emergence, contestation and maintenance of new professions and hybrid identities that spring from the competing discourses and institutional practices of cultural policy. While it may at first appear an obscure topic, the book touches on several fundamental issues related to our lives as citizens and professionals, affected by cultural politics and institutional power on a daily basis. It is likely to be of interest to scholars researching professional identity, hybrid subjectivity, creative work or cultural citizenship, particularly those working in the field of cultural policy and cognate disciplines.


This research will economically investigate and analyze water pollution control and reduction in Jajrud River from Jajrud and Megon River's intersection to Latian barrier valve through calculating WTP quantity using contingent valuation method (CVM). The WTP to maintain the present quality of the river's water and also to improve water quality were calculated using questionnaires and face-to-face interviews with beneficiaries (native people and tourists). Results revealed that the average WTP to maintain the present quality was 11 Euros at fishing activity level, 8.5 Euros at tourism level and 6 Euros at drinking or agriculture level. On the other hand, the WTPs to improve water quality in fishing, tourism and farming sections were 1.65, 14 and 7.5 Euros respectively.


In this paper we will describe pulsed laser deposition of Nd:KGW films on Si substrate by introducing (100 or 111) CeO/sub 2/ buffer layer. The KrF excimer laser (/spl lambda/=248 nm, /spl tau/=27 ns, v=20 Hz) is used for ablation. The Rutherford backscattering (RBS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses, PL measurements, and waveguide propagation have been performed. The annealing at 900/spl deg/C of the films has also been accomplished.


Among the variables influencing the extent of atmospheric corrosion of metals and alloys in marine corrosion of metals and alloys in marine conditions, salinity of the atmosphere plays an important role. Chloride particles are carried mechanically by the wind as fine water droplets and, therefore, the amount of chloride in air decreases with increasing distance from sea. As a result, corrosion of metals and alloys is also affected as one moves away from sea. Doyle and Goddard1-3 exposed aluminium wires wound on steel bolts for a period of 3 months at different distances from the sea at Durban, Port Elizabeth and East London and found that after a rapid fall within the first half-mile distance, the corrosivity of the atmosphere became more or less constant up to five miles. One interesting observation made by them at Durban was a slight increase in the corrosivity from the one-mile to the five-mile points though no reason could be attributed by them to this upward trend. Earlier studies4.5 carried out on atmospheric corrosion at different locations in India revealed that corrosion rate of mild steel at Digha was one of the highest in India and that there was a marked effect of proximity on corrosion rate4.6. A more systematic and detailed study was, therefore, undertaken to determine the factors influencing the atmospheric corrosion rate at Digha. The data obtained over a period of two years have been presented in this communication. (Shri D.K. Basu, Senior Laboratory Assistant; and Shri D.K. Khan, Senior Technical Assistant; National Metallurgical Laboratory)


In this article, the two-layer sandwiched firstname.lastname@example.com nanoparticles (SG@LFCO) have been prepared and investigated as high-rate and long-life cathode materials for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. The materials possess a high-surface area (267.1 m(2) g(-1)) and lots of void spaces. By combining various favorable conditions, such as Fe doping, coating graphene, and designing novel morphology, the as-prepared materials deliver a specific capacity of 115 mAh g(-1) at 10 C. At the 0.1 C cycling rate, the capacity retention of 97.2% is sustained after 250 cycles and a coulombic efficiency of around 97.6% is obtained.


The appearance of gallium-67 images in bone infarction was studied in nine patients with sickle cell disease and correlated with the bone scan findings. Gallium uptake in acute infarction was decreased or absent with a variable bone scan uptake, and normal in healing infarcts, which showed increased uptake on bone scan. The significance of these findings is discussed.


ABSTRACT In this lecture the author reviews some important developments in North American psychoanalysis over the years since 1933. The most important of the changes is the recognition of the psychoanalyst as a participant in the analytic process rather than as an interpreter of unconscious meaning only. Beginning with some verbatim "interpretations" from the first recorded psychoanalysis in the 1930s, the lecture proceeds to consider a variety of topics, especially the importance of the relational tilt in U.S. psychoanalysis.


Abstract Although it appears to be a world-wide trend, it is impossible to identify a set of unique and identical conditions of democratization. On the one hand the transition of the South African society has to be situated within the context of growing globalization but, on the other hand, as many dimensions as possible of the empirical reality of South Africa's unique situation have to be included. In this set of initial notes for analysis the following six aspects, constituting part of the empirical reality of South Africa's transition, are included: mass democratic action; evolutionary regime transition; overcoming the heritage of state authoritarianism; state intervention in the economy; civil society; and ethnic issues (nationalism). Reference is made to some of the aspects essential to the process of democratization. These aspects include social rationality, restoring a work ethic, participation, realistic expectations, moving away from the militarized nature of the present society, and tolerance, ...


Using a metasurface comprising an array of dielectric nanobricks and a backreflector, a ultracompact, broadband and high efficiency (nearly 100%) half-waveplate can be obtained which covers the whole fiber telecommunications windows (S, C, and L bands).


On the basis of wide investigation, this essay investigates and analyzes the mental status of 362 students in nursery majors in Hubei Vocational-Technical College by using SCL-90. The results shows that the main mental problems were friction in their relationships with the others, their anxiety and the depression and so on. The students should be given correct guidance and psychological consultancy to get rid of these mental blocks and to have a healthy and happy life in school.


The invention discloses a valve remote control and liquid level remote metering system. The valve remote control and liquid level remote metering system comprises a collecting box, and a central processing unit is arranged in the collecting box. The collecting box further comprises an exchanger, and the exchanger is connected with a plurality of monitors. The collecting box is further connected with a power pump station, an electromagnetic valve box, a plurality of liquid level sensors, temperature sensors and an oil injection station alarm box. The oil injection station alarm box is further connected with an alarm, and electromagnetic valves in the electromagnetic valve box are electrically connected with all valve switches respectively. The liquid level sensors are arranged on the parts of a ballast tank, the parts of an oil bunker and the parts of a bilge water tank respectively, and the temperature sensors are arranged on the parts of the oil bunker. According to the valve remote control and liquid level remote metering system, the structural design is reasonable, the performance is stable, all the valve switches of a ship cabin and all the cabinet liquid levels can be monitored and displayed in real time, meanwhile, an oil system and the power pump station can be monitored in real time, and an alarm can be given out when emergency situation happens.


With the continuous promotion of electric vehicles and the construction of charging facilities, electric vehicles will be more and more applied, and the probability density prediction of charging load of electric vehicles is the basis of the construction and operation of charging stations. Therefore, this paper proposes a probabilistic model prediction method for charging load of Electric Vehicles (EV) considering different spatio-temporal travel characteristics of users. Firstly, user behavior characteristics are analyzed, including user travel chain structure, user travel time, battery usage, etc. Secondly, the optimal travel chain is obtained by Using Dijkstra path searching algorithm. Finally, by using Bass model, Monte Carlo method and nonparametric kernel density estimation method, the probability density function of electric vehicle charging load under different scenarios is obtained, providing data support for the planning, design and operation of charging stations.


In this paper, we analyze the term "prospective design" from various perspectives. The theoretical-, researchand empirical-based approximations are centralized. Furthermore, a working definition of "prospective design in human-computer interaction" is proposed in the first part of this paper. In practice, however, the mere definition of prospective design and awareness that user, context, technical system and task have to be known is not enough. Therefore we propose a new model of performance shaping factors in the second part of this paper. This model gives recommendations for human-computer interaction design and research in terms of factors that should be considered for a prospective design of user interfaces. The utility of this new model is shown using a case study in alarm psychology.


Absent saccades is a rare complication of cardiovascular procedures. We present a patient who developed absent volitional saccades and reflex fast eye movements, low gain pursuit, and intact oculocephalic slow phases, dysphagia, dysarthria and progressive gait instability following repair of an ascending aortic aneurysm. Postulated pathophysiologies and prognosis for this syndrome are discussed.


. Hydrological models are widely used to research hydrological change and risk. Yet, the power embedded in the modelling process and outcomes are often concealed by claiming its neutrality. Our systematic review shows that in scientific literature relatively little attention is given to the power of models to influence development processes and outcomes in water governance. The review also shows that there is much to learn from those who are willing to be openly reflexive on the


Two mixtures of ether-functionalized quaternary ammonium ILs and non-flammable methylperfluorobutylether were used as new safe electrolytes for lithium metal batteries, and compared with the corresponding pure IL electrolytes. The mixed electrolytes had lower viscosity and higher conductivity than the pure IL electrolytes. The test results of flammability and flash point indicated that the addition of methylperfluorobutylether didn't reduce the safety of the pure IL electrolytes. The mixed electrolytes exhibited slightly narrower electrochemical windows due to the decrease of the cathodic stability. The effects of lithium redox on the Ni electrode and cycle performance of the symmetric lithium cell were investigated, and the addition of MFE could optimize the passivation layer on the Ni electrode and the SEI film on the lithium metal. The Li/LiFePO4 cells using the mixed electrolytes had good cycle performance at 0.1 C, and showed better rate performance than the cells using the pure IL electrolytes.


Nonuniqueness in traveltime tomographic velocity analysis is largely the result of insufficiency in model parameterization. Traditional tomography parameterizes the model with nonoverlapping cells. Such single-scale tomography (SST) from inverting traveltimes only may produce underdeterminacy at places of insufficient ray coverage. To cope with the poor and uneven ray coverage, a multiscale tomography (MST) method is devised, which is a simultaneous application of many overlapping SSTs with different cell sizes. The MST decomposes velocity anomalies into components in a set of submodels of different cell sizes. At each model location the cells containing higher consistency between data contributions gain more from the inversion. The final MST model is a postinversion superposition of all submodel solutions. The MST method is applicable to the determination of interval velocity and interface geometry using turning rays or reflection rays. In comparison with the SST, superior results of the MST are seen in synthetic examples. The MST method is used to construct the 3D crustal velocities of southern California using the first arrivals from local earthquakes. While the SST and MST models may fit the data equally well, the MST model is smoother and geologically more plausible than the SST model.


The project shown below has as its goal to make the musical production of the song "From heart to heart" of the Monarca Orchestra, its director is Fred Proano, the lyrics are by Daniel Velez who is responsible for the interpretation of the theme, this lyrics is from romantic content, and that speaks of the love that a person can have for another, the same that is also very easy to memorize. This track is produced in a Cumbia musical genre, with a tempo of 104 BPM in a structure with a 2/4 musical compass; It took several characteristics of genres and tropical styles that allow the theme to have a musical structure, with its own identity, worked on percussion with a type of cumbia style, the bass and the piano with a cumbia mambo in the style of Americo. of Chile, in order to achieve a dance sound and rhythm, the idea is to apply the technical knowledge in recording, microphonic, mixing and mastering. Some reference themes were taken, both from ancient and current times, which served as a guide, to give definition to the structure, sound and balance of the theme. Each step was achieved through proper planning through a timeline, selection and selection of musicians, musical arrangements, management of a budget, then recording, editing, mixing and mastering, the final result was a musical work, full of good experiences, with an attractive and commercial rhythmic sound, in short a musical production in the style of a cumbia, with a duration of 3 minutes with 30 seconds.


The analysis and use of hydrological data for decision making in water resources planning and management can only be meaningful if the data possess the appropriate characteristics. Whereas, rainfall stations are relation together in the studying area, so that choosing a best regionally probability distribution is necessary. In this paper, probability plot correlation coefficient (PPCC) test statistics and L-moment ratio diagrams are used to determine the goodness of fit the regional distribution of monthly rainfall data in 11 stations that located in Northwest of Iran. Two methods provide Pearson III as a best regional distribution of monthly rainfall data in our study area. As regards, PPCC test has been known as a powerful single-site test among many goodness of fit, but L-Moment approach is easy and can compare the fit of several distributions to many samples of data using a single graphical instrument.


With the continuous increasement of the number of graduates in higher institutions in China, it is difficult to manage all the graduates only by graduates management of the higher institutions, so some management models,such as double-level management system and three main quality management model, are raised. These management models can improve the efficiency of management, but they treate the graduates as the object of the management, and neglect the graduates' function in the management. This paper showes the collaboration management model, raises a manage model, i.e. improving the graduates' function in cooperative Management, and gives a count for how to improve the graduates' function in the manage model.


A simple graph algorithm for finding stabilized probabilities of the finite Markov models implemented in SQL is presented. The algorithm generates systematically all oriented spanning trees of a transition graph. The method is demonstrated on the computation of probabilities in the MMPP 2 /M/1/K queue.


We investigate stochasticity in a periodically driven oscillator for which the dependence of the frequency of eigenoscillations on their energy has an extremum. The structure of stochastic layers is shown to be different from the case of conventional nonlinear resonance. It is also shown that the Chirikov resonance-overlap criterion does not work at small enough amplitudes of the driving force: the transition to global chaos takes place at much bigger amplitudes.


Water quality of the two lakes namely Arakere and Thaggahalli of Mandya was assessed by using the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI). The physicochemical parameters used in the index calculation were dissolved oxygen, pH, electrical conductivity, carbonate, bicarbonate, chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, total phosphate, nitrate, sulphate, chloride, calcium, sodium, magnesium, turbidity and total dissolved solids. The CCME WQI analysis revealed that water quality of both the lakes are rated as poor. The results have shown that the conditions of these lakes are departed from natural or desirable levels in most of the physico chemical parameters.


Trust management can be used to foster good behavior and to encourage adherence to contracts in p2p network. Several trust models have been deployed in practical applications or proposed in the literature. This paper describes a trust model which uses beta probability density functions to combine feedback and derive trust ratings. The experiment shows that the proposed model with aging factor and confidence can autonomously deal with the biased information and identify trust belief with better efficiency.


Abstract : The effects of annealing temperatures on stretched poly vinylidene fluoride films were systematically studied from the as received condition up to the melting range (180 C). X ray diffraction studies indicate that the annealing process brings about better chain packing and increased crystallite perfection. The elastic modulus and piezoelectric strain and stress constants, d31, decrease as the annealing temperature, Ta, increases up to 160 C, while the remnant polarization, Pr, remains almost constant. Some of these characteristics may be interpreted in terms of a morphological transformation of microfibrils. The values of Pr, d31 and e31 increase dramatically as Ta increases form 160 to 180 C; Pr goes from 56 to 85 mC/sq. m,d31 from 20.2 to 27.7 pc/n and e31 from 51.4 to 65.2 mC/sq.m. As a result, Pr and d31 recorded the largest values obtained from any of the samples used in the present study. E31 showed a value close to the largest one; this usually occurs in unannealed samples. Samples annealed in the melting range also exhibit significantly improved aging characteristics. The large value of Pr and the small relaxation strength of both the dielectric constant and elastic modulus indicates that the largest crystallinity obtained is approximately 70%.


Abstract: Recently, it was proposed that β‐carbolines interact with a subset of benzodiazepine (BZD) binding sites in mouse brain. This postulate was based upon evidence showing changes in binding properties of the BZD receptor following photoaffinity labeling of membranes with flunitrazepam (FLU). Under conditions in which 80% of specific [3H]diazepam binding was lost in photolabeled membranes, specific [3H]propyl β‐carboline‐3‐carboxylate ([3H]PCC) binding was spared. In this study, the binding of the BZD antagonists [3H]PCC, [3H]Ro15 1788 and [3H]CGS 8216 was examined in rat brain membranes following photoaffinity labeling with FLU. No significant changes in the apparent KD and small reductions in the Bmax of 3H antagonist binding were observed. However, in the same membranes, up to 89% of specific [3H]FLU binding was lost. When [3H]PCC (0.05 nM) was used to label the receptors in control and photolabeled membranes, the ability of BZD receptor agonists to inhibit [3H]PCC binding was greatly diminished in the photolabeled membranes. In contrast, the potency of BZD antagonists remained the same in both control and treated membranes. Based upon PCC/[3H]Ro15 1788 competition experiments, the ability of PCC to discriminate between BZD receptor subtypes was unaffected by photoaffinity labeling of cortical membranes. Overall, these findings suggest that β‐carbolines do not interact with a subset of BZD binding sites per se, but may be a consequence of the differential interaction of BZD agonists and antagonists with BZD binding sites that have been photoaffinity labeled with FLU. A possible mechanism underlying this phenomenon is discussed. The ability of photolabeled membranes to differentiate between BZD agonists and antagonists provides a potential screen for agonist and antagonist activity in compounds that interact with the BZD receptor.


Purpose – The study examines the relationship between transformational leadership styles and academic staffs' commitment- to- change with human resource (HR) practices as a mediator. Methodology – Data was collected from academic staff working in 20 Malaysian public universities, using a non-probability purposive sampling technique. Of 2,000 sets of questionnaire that were sent, 470 were returned and useable, resulting in a 23.5 percent response rate. Hierarchical Multiple Regression analysis was applied to examine the effects of mediator on the relationship between transformational leadership styles and commitment- to -change. Findings – Results showed that transformational leadership styles were positively related to the dimensions of commitment to change. Furthermore, HR practices mediated transformational leadership styles and commitment-to- change. The study concludes that HR practices particularly teamwork and development, and management transparency mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and commitment- to- change among academic staff. Originality/value –The study increases the present understanding of the effect of transformational leadership styles on commitment to change, as well as the role of HR practices as a mediator.


The market of existing office buildings is going green. While early adopters of green buildings were owner-occupiers, there is a current wave of nonowner-occupied office buildings seeking Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) for Existing Buildings certification. This thesis examines the current context in which this dramatic change is transpiring as well as answers the following questions as they relate to this green transformation of existing multitenanted office buildings: • Who is participating? • Why are they participating? • What is the process? • What are the costs? • How is it being financed? Research conducted included literature review and interviews with building owners, property managers, building engineers and brokers in several major metropolitan office markets in the United States. This thesis examines green building rating systems from around the world. We focus on the LEED rating system, the most widely used in the United States, as it provides a good framework for owners and managers to evaluate and benchmark the environmental performance of their building. Our research indicates that a much higher percentage of Class A office building owners and managers are pursuing LEED for Existing Building (LEED-EB) certification, while Class B owners and managers are not. Class B owners face less incentives and greater obstacles when pursuing LEED-EB certification. In chapter four of this thesis, we explore two creative ways that Class B owners and managers may be able to overcome some of these hurdles – Energy Savings Performance Contracts (ESPCs) and Power Purchase Agreements (PPA). Thesis Supervisor: Brian A. Ciochetti, PhD Title: Professor of the Practice of Real Estate


Agriculture is one of the most exposed sectors to vagaries of climate change (Malik, 2012). Around 20-25% of the world (Munns and Tester, 2008) and 26% of Pakistan's agricultural (Anonymous, 2010) irrigated lands are affected by salinity. Saline area is increasing day by day due to higher evapotranspiration that demand more irrigation and consequently, more salt accumulation in the root zone especially in arid and semiarid regions of the world (Iqbal et al., 2009; Mou, 2011). Predominately, salinization (50–80%) is caused by NaCl salt (Kaouther, 2012). Primary toxic ion is Na as it not only impairs K uptake but also interrupts regulation of stomata which eventually causes water loss. Na enters in leaf apoplast through xylem stream and left behind as water evaporates. Na mainly compete and occupies cations binding sites by reducing uptake and transport of Ca and K (Munns and Tester, 2008; Horie et al., 2012; Hasanuzzaman et al., 2013). Hyperosmotic accompanied with hyper ionic conditions enhance generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) damaging the proteins, lipids, DNA and carbohydrates molecules, which weakens the plant defense mechanism and modifies membrane structures and its composition (Tuteja, 2007; Ismail, 2014; Jbir-Koubaa, 2014; Gao et al., 2015). Moreover, ROS intensifies MDA contents, deactivates enzymes, disrupts ions of normal cellular metabolism and enhances electrolyte leakage that causes programmed cell death (necroptosis) and reduced photosynthetic activity (Gao et al., 2015). Therefore, plants manifest various scavenging machineries like enzymatic antioxidant system (SOD, CAT, POD), the level of which is elevated during abiotic stresses (Gill and Tuteja, 2010; Choudhury, 2013; Ismail, 2014). It also affects plant water relations and gas exchange attributes together with metabolic toxicity, reduction in green pigments and thereby intervening photosynthetic activity (Ashraf and Harris, 2013; Gupta and Huang, 2014; Li et al., 2014). Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a staple food for about 50% world's population and third largest crop in human consumption. It is fourth major crop with respect to area and production in the world. It provides high energy per unit land, water and time along-with valuable source of vitamins and minerals (Abhayapala et al., 2014; Gao et al., 2015). It is moderately salt-sensitive (Mitsuya et al., 2000) with 50% growth and yield reduction at 5 dSm salt stress (Hmida-Sayari et al., 2005). However, tolerance level varies from cultivar to cultivar (Bruns and HechtBuchholz, 1990). Increasing saline area demands salt tolerant cultivars for sustainable potato production (Mou, 2011). Hence, it is necessary to understand salinity tolerance mechanism in potato, helpful in developing stress tolerant potato cultivars by using various modern techniques (Gururani et al., 2013). Considering this scenario, present experiment was conducted to assess adverse effects of salinity stress on ionic Pak. J. Agri. Sci., Vol. 53(1), 17-25; 2016 ISSN (Print) 0552-9034, ISSN (Online) 2076-0906 DOI: 10.21162/PAKJAS/16.4766 http://www.pakjas.com.pk


The C=C bond in the title compound, C14H15NO4, is in an E configuration. With the exception of the methyl C atoms, the non-H atoms of the molecule all lie approximately on a plane (r.m.s. deviation = 0.096 Å). π–π stacking is observed between parallel benzene rings of adjacent molecules, the centroid–centroid distance being 3.7924 (8) Å.


The aim of TSG-36 was to share the experiences of research on classroom practice at the primary level, address its research methods and theories, describe innovative classroom practice, and discuss the impact of research on classroom teaching and learning mathematics in different countries. A total of 32 submissions of research articles, project reports, and posters addressed related topics .


B ) ETWEEN eight and nine o'clock on a September evening in I743 Pierre Feret, a master mariner, entered the inn of Julien Fisel. The hostelry was on Louisbourg's Rue Royale, close to the waterfront in an area frequented by merchants and seamen. The fortified port of Louisbourg on Cape Breton Island was a victualing station for the French cod fishery and a commercial entrepot for Canada, New England, the West Indies, and France. Feret, who seems to have belonged to the town's seasonal population of sailors and fisherfolk from France, was quartered at Fisel's inn. By his own admission he was "a little tipsy" that evening. He went directly to the chamber that served as the boarders' dining room where he found three ships' captains and a court bailiff (huissier) discussing the medicinal properties of the skulls of men who had been hanged or strangled. The point at issue was whether a medication made from these skulls would have more curative power than the remedies commonly used by physicians. When Feret heard the reference to hanged men, he turned to the bailiff, Joseph-Felix Chesnay, shook his fist at him and declared that "the damned buggers of bailiffs were lackeys of the executioners [les sacres Bougres d'huissiers etoient des valets des Bourreaux], and in the absence of the hangman, the bailiffs would do his duty." He added that bailiffs were "damned buggers who were the same as a public executioner, and that the bailiff and the hangman were one and the same; they were the lowest people [les personnes les plus Villes] in the world." Chesnay, who was the huissier audiencier of the Superior Council of Isle Royale (Cape Breton) as well as of the lower court in Louisbourg, objected to this characterization of his occupation and told the mariner to moderate his words. This response fired Feret's anger. He called Chesnay "a grasshopper from Hell [une sauterelle d'enfer]" and repeated the claim that "the bailiffs


The present invention relates to a method of carbon dioxide foam stabilizer producing a nano-particle with the fly ash, by not decomposed in the reservoir of the different high-temperature high-pressure conditions, forming carbon dioxide form is moved from the far as possible of the crude oil by the oil promoting recovery method (EOR) to improve the recovery rate, and made for the purpose of setting to allow for oil recovery enhancement method of a high efficiency due to low cost. Method for producing carbon dioxide foam stabilizer of the nano-particle using the ash according to the present invention, a first step of preparing the particulate fly ash, grinding aids and dispersants material; Wherein after putting the fly ash and pulverized preparation prepared in step 1 to the milling equipment crushing the fly ash in the nanometer particle size by mixing the dispersing agent in the fly ash of the nano-particle manufacturing a foam stabilizer of the nano-particle having a dispersion coating layer on the surface, or the while the fly ash and grinding aids and dispersants together put in a grinding device crushing the fly ash in the nanometer particle size is made to form a dispersion coating layer on the surface of a second step of producing a foam stabilizer of the nano-particle size, it is mixed with liquid carbon dioxide, injecting the well being after the formation of carbon dioxide forms in the interior of the injection wells or in wells with liquid carbon dioxide and independently characterized by forming the carbon dioxide forms in the interior of the oil well.


In the article a part of the quartz component in autoclave cellular concretes has been replaced by aluminum silicate rock - perlite. In contrast to quartz sand the perlite rock consists of nano-sized glass phase, which determines its pozzolanic activity. With X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, infrared spectroscopy (IR spectroscopy), microscopy equipment mechanisms of interaction between components of the binder is established. Aluminosilicate rocks in the highly alkaline binders are actively involved in the structural and phase transformations during hydration and hardening of silicate binder producing a predominantly low-basic hydrated calcium silicates - 11A-(Al)-tobermorite, hydrated calcium silicates with amorphous structure. The cation exchange capacity of the perlite is the main characteristic of zeolite synthesis of L-K (Al Si O ) 11.7 1.8 34.2 72 type that is an analogue of rock-forming minerals of the lithosphere. The proposed mechanisms allow improving the physical and mechanical characteristics of autoclave cellular concretes resulting increasing in strength value by 35%, decreasing in density by 20% and prediction of their durability.


in which n(=5.4) and Q(=68.5kcal/mol) are nearly equal to those obtained in creep experiments. The energy value is almost the same as the activation energy for self-diffusion in the γ phase of the 0.16% carbon steel. The austenite grain size (D) in the deformed structure is unchanged in the high strain region. D is a function of σM or Z in the above equation and is independent of the actual D0 and T or ε. From these results and the metallographic observations reported previously10), it is considered that the high temperature deformation of the 0.16% carbon steel in the γ range is controlled by the dynamic recrystallization process assisted by the diffusion of atoms. The mono-peak stress type curve is observed when the grain size decreases with deoformation (D0>D), and the oscillated stress type curve appears when the grain size increases with deformation (D0<D). It is concluded, therefore, that whether the observed σ-ε curve shows a peak stress type or an oscillated stress type depends on the relative difference between the initial grain size, D0, and the dynamically recrystallized grain size, D. This suggests that the shape of σ-ε curves is dependent on not only Z but also D0 and the change in the shape with Z and D0 is explained qualitatively in terms of the nucleation and growth model applied to the dynamic recrystallization.


A discussion of a paper with the aforementioned title by M. Mauldon and R.E. Goodman, published in this journal (Volume 122, Number 12, December 1996), is presented. The discusser believes that an important factor in failure of rock blocks by rotation is the character of the hinge point material and provides an example of damage to a house caused by rotational failure of a large rock. Discussion is followed by closure from the authors.


Condition assessment and inspection planning are crucial for preserving existing buildings, especially those with historical values. Building envelopes are especially vulnerable to damage; and their inspection is an important part of the overall building condition assessment. However, often the existence and extent of damage to envelopes may not be visible in a visual inspection. This will lead to uncertainties in condition assessment and building envelope inspection process and management. In this work, a new hybrid method for building envelope inspection is introduced that employs statistical random sampling and Bayesian updating to provide a better process for planning for the inspection process. The method is specifically for façades made up of masonry stones, bricks or terra-cotta blocks. For these façade elements, common modes of damage include (1) deterioration of their supporting links to the structure; (2) mortar washout; and (3) construction errors or substandard installation practices. Since the type and extent of damage are not often visible using visual inspections, it is necessary to remove blocks for further evaluation of the hidden areas. The process of opening façade for inspection is costly and involves uncertainty; since an inspector is not sure how many openings will need to be selected and at what locations. A statistical sampling method may be used to better manage the façade inspection process by suggesting the number and locations for the openings. In a prior publication, the authors used this method in a limited application for terra-cotta blocks only. In this paper, the method is extended to other types of façades and also in selecting the locations where there is a higher probability of hidden damage. In this method: (1) a probability distribution for the proportion of damaged blocks is assumed; (2) a limited number of blocks is then randomly selected for removal to determine their damage condition (3) based on the results of this initial investigation, a Bayesian approach is used for updating information on the proportion of damage blocks and modifying the damage probability distribution, (4) a damage index is then introduced with consideration for the probability of proportion of damaged blocks and the probability that damage areas are within specific areas on the façade; and (5) this index is then adjusted based on the spatial probability of damage in different areas on the façade. The index is used as a decision-making tool in planning for façade inspection and condition assessment. The applicability of this approach in building envelope health condition assessment and planning for future inspections is also presented.


Ary-aryl bond formation plays an important role in modem organic synthesis. These bonds are very of ten occurred in natural products such as alkaloids as well as in numerous biologically active parts of pharmaceutical and agrochemical specialties. In addition, they are also the scaffolds of some of the most efficient and selective ligands for asymmetric catalysts, especially when atropisomery is possible.In this report, we report the structure and the enantioselective synthesis of some natural occurring bioactive products. The focus will be Mainly in our recently discovered Ni(0) catalyzed homo-coupling and cross-coupling of aryl halide with coumarinyl mesylates and the enantioselective synthesis of phthalides in the presence of bidentated ligands with up to 99% e.e.


Background: The MOH TBATraining Curriculum has been in Draft form since its documentation in 1996. This curriculum does not state when it was reviewed last or when it needs to be reviewed again in-order to incorporate new trends and concepts in infection prevention practices. The purpose of the modification is to facilitate task–shifting (a component of knowledge management) from the health professionals to non-professionals in the health care systems. Methods: We conducted a desk review, training needs assessment, focus group discussion and, analysing baseline data on maternal and infant morbidity and mortality rates. Results: The Desk review showed non-uniform TBA training curricula being used, infection prevention omissions, inadequate integration of positive socio-cultural and traditional beliefs in the curriculum, training needs assessment showed poor knowledge and practice among existing TBAs, focus group discussions showed inadequate resource and support supervision of the TBAs while the baseline data showed high maternal and infant morbidity and mortality rates in Chongwe District. Conclusion: Policy implications advocates that Low-income resource countries may need to formulate Primary Health Care (PHC) oriented Reproductive Health Policy that supports the training of TBAs through task-shifting anchored on evidence-based modified curriculum in the interim period until there are sufficient skilled birth attendants to service the hardest-to reach rural settings.


Two different acyl substituents were introduced at the lower rim of calix[4]arene by the two step reactions. Calix[4]arenes (1) reacted with 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl chloride to yield monosubstituted calix[4]arene (2). Second substitution was achieved by the reaction of 2 with various acyl chlorides. Aminomethylation of monobenzoylated calix[4]arene was conducted successfully in the presence of secondary amine and formaldehyde.


New technologies and possibilities summarized under the keyword Digital Transformation effect massive changes in the organizations' processes and will lead to tremendous challenges for almost all businesses. Existing business models will be expanded or replaced by digitally driven services. The Industry 4.0 with its autonomous cyber physical production systems and its intelligent products require holistic approaches for and will lead to sustainable changes in the industrial manufacturing. This paper addresses the main fields of Industry 4.0 and Digital Transformation as well as their core concepts. Further the paper describes the key success factors interoperability and the organizations' ability for innovations. These key success factors are illustrated by three case studies regarding the fields information supply in Facility Management, digital logistics and intrapreneurial behavior as an important source for intraorganizational innovations. Keywords—Digitalization, Digital Transformation, Industry 4.0, Interoperability, Semantic Database, Quality Assurance, Innovation I. CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION, DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND INDUSTRY 4.0 Digitization has impact on all systems of the global world and on the recent forms of society. There are different ways in which digitization becomes effective. Digital transformation and presentation of information and communication are the classic kind in the core processes of ICT. In addition to it, it includes the digital description and modification of objects, function, processes, services, applications, etc. as components of the digitalized world. The most complex view of digitization is the digital change of systems and subsystems in the whole society. (Fig. 1) Future Technologies Conference (FTC) 2017 2 | P a g e Fig. 1. Selected mainstreams of digitalization The change from the analogue to the digitalized world will already include transformations. Transformation is process of continuous changes initiated by internal or external factors leading to significant quantitative and resulting qualitative new kinds of systems by substitution, elimination or turnaround of whole or parts of former systems or subsystems. Digitization is such a comprehensive key factor inducing transformations so called digital transformations. Different models based on stage theory divide the process of digital transformation into a number of steps. (Fig. 2) Fig. 2. Six stage model for digital transformation [1] The digital transformation has a huge impact on the further development of industry as one of the main fields of application, especially: • Digital transformation offers enormous chances and will place great challenges on industry. • Digital transformation of industry will confront the national economies with tremendous change of structures. • Digital transformation requires because of the huge complexity common and concerted concepts and actions. Four levers for the digital transformation in industry are accentuated and prioritized: Digital data, automation, networking, and digital access to the customers [2]. This transformation is also announced as Industry 4.0. II. CORE CONCEPTS AND MODELS Innovations are inherent for the digital transformation as well as Industry 4.0 because innovation means initiating something new building on the existing and creating a difference to the established ones [3]. The approach is based on the eclecticism because it is not limited to one paradigm or selected assumptions but uses multiple theories and views in order to get complementary insights into a system. Therefore, the digital transformation as complex change should be eclectic, innovative and at the end adaptive and sustainable. Digital transformation is direct related to smart systems, internet of things, industry 4.0 and digital ecosystems lately. Smart Systems are self-sufficient intelligent technical (sub-) systems with advanced functionality, enabled by underlying systems and components, providing heightened functionalities for upgraded and new industrial and consumer products and services [4]. The internet of things is the consistent continuation of the internet of data and information. Because the human-beings are physical and enter information of the physical world into the digital form of communication and computation the internet is primarily a reflection of the world of things more than of ideas [5]. Industry 4.0 will be a new digital stage of organization and control of the whole valueadded chain over the entire product life cycle [6]. The concept of digital ecosystems was based on the idea that ecological, economic and social aspects of collaboration are important for the system development in the real world connected to the virtual world by digitalization. The architecture is swarm-based [7]. There are several approaches which are more or less related to these main themes. Two of the leading reference architectures besides many other approaches are currently the reference architecture model for Industry 4.0, the so called RAMI4.0. (Fig. 3) [8] Fig. 3. Reference architecture model for Industry 4.0 (RAMI4.0) The second one is the Industrial Internet Reference Architecture (II RA) generated by the Industrial Internet Consortium characterized by similar reflections of the digital transformation in industry as the RAMI4.0 approach and focused on the viewpoints of business, usage, functionality, and implementation [9, 10]. Future Technologies Conference (FTC) 2017 3 | P a g e The agreement of the Plattform Industrie 4.0, with its strong roots in the manufacturing industry, and the Industrial Internet Consortium, with its more cross-domain oriented approach, is important for the further development of digital transformation in the field of industrial internet and industry 4.0. Especially, the comparability of the layer structure and contents will improve the common understanding of the forth revolution by digitization in industry and services. The key issue will be realization of the regular technical exchange, the identifying of mappings, differences and enhancements, and the discussion common testing focused on the benefit of interoperability of systems from the different domains [11]. Interoperability of systems and components will be one of the most important innovations, challenges and chances of digital transformations in different fields of R&D as well as domains of applications. III. PIVOTAL ROLE OF INTEROPERABILITY AS A KEY


The checking of the results of the various formulae used in the roentgenological determination of the heart size with the results obtained after death is difficult. The size of the heart cannot first be determined roentgenologically in vivo and then compared directly with measurements taken at autopsy as the heart undergoes marked changes in shape, position and size after death. When the heart size is determined after death by roentgenography, the removal of the heart, at the same time retaining its original size and shape, is no easy maUer. If, instead, roentgen determinations of the size of the removed heart are made and compared with the displacement measurements, the results do not justify any conclusions about the error of the roentgen determinations in vivo as the conditions of examination have been completely altered.


The article proposes to implement a cluster approach to training, development and creation of high-tech industries in the field of processing of coal raw materials with obtaining end products with high added value. The main technological processes used are: preparation and burning of coal water slurry, based the finely dispersed coal preparation waste as well, liquefaction of demineralized coal and coal slime using a complex of high-energy influences (cavitation, ultrasonic and electric pulse), processing of waste from coal processing plants, bottom ash wastes as a basis for filling mixtures in the dead underground workings and open-pit mines. The implementation of the proposed cluster approach will allow the current scientific and practical problems facing the region in the field of coal mining and processing to be solved.


In my paper read last year before this Section, I divided the Chemical Disinfectants which are most commonly used in sanitary practice, into six distinct classes, but owing to limited time, was not able to describe more specifically the chemical nature of each individual group. I feel that Health Officers, Laboratory men and others in charge of sanitary work, to whom the proper selection of a disinfectant is entrusted, should be as familiar with the chemical, phvsical, bacteriological and physiological properties of the available products, as the analytical chemist must be with the purity of his reagents, or the synthetical chemist with the nature of the chemicals he uses in his research. I will briefly recapitulate the six classes into which disinfectants should be divided, namely: i. Reducing agenits. 2. Oxydizing Agents. 3. Absorbents and Deodorants. 4. Toxic Agents and Precipitants. 5. Producing Chemical Compounds. 6. Coal-Tar Products. I will also give you what should be considered the Ten Commandments of a Disinfectant, namely: i. High Germicidal Power. 2. Stability in Presence of Organic Matter. 3. Homogenous Composition. 4. Ready Solubility in All Proportions. 5. Non-Poisonous to Man or Higher Animals. 6. Non-Corrosive to Skin or Metals. 7. Power of Penetration. 8. Economy in Cost. 9. Power to Deodorize. io. Power to Remove Dirt or Grease. If we submit the six classes of Disinfectants mentioned above to the scrutiny .of these Ten Commandments our clhoice must fall invariably on Coal-Tar Disinfectants. However, during the last year I had occasion to examine the Bulletins of nearly all our State Boards of Health, and they all, with few exceptions, religiously recommend, under approved disinfectants: Fire, Water, Chloride of Tron, Milk of Lime, Bi-Chloride of Mercury, Formaldehyde and Carbolic Acid. These bulletins further call attenition to the great danger in the use of some of these approved disinfectants, such as toxicity, corrosioin and irritation to those


Abstract This paper studies the optimal investment-consumption decision under the constant elasticity of variance (CEV) model for an individual seeking to maximize the expected utility from cumulative consumption plus the expected utility from terminal wealth. Due to the fact that different individuals may have different risk preferences, we assume that the risk preference of an individual satisfies a hyperbolic absolute risk aversion (HARA) utility function. Generally speaking, power utility function, logarithmic utility function and exponential utility function widely used in investment theory are usually special cases of HARA utility function. By using the principle of dynamic programming and Legendre transform-dual technique, we obtain the explicit expression of the optimal investment-consumption decision. In addition, we derive the results under other utility functions as well and analyze some characteristics of the optimal portfolios and the optimal consumption decisions. A numerical simulation is presented to illustrate our results. Research results suggest that the optimal investment decisions between with consumption behavior and without it have considerable differences.


We correct errors in our comparisons of model results with observations and fix typographical errors in mathematical expressions for the accretion time. Reanalyzing the observations leads to new values for the target slope of the cumulative size distribution for large objects as a function of the slope of the power-law relation between albedo and radius. Despite these changes, the analysis still strongly prefers models where trans-Neptunian objects grow from an initial population of small (1–10 km) planetesimals.


Learn how you can prepare for and recover from natural disasters such as hurricanes and flooding, report oil and hazardous substance spills, and how EPA responds to spill emergencies and involves the community in emergency management.


Abstract : An optical-fiber submarine cable system is expected to realize the digital transmission of higher capacity with more economical basis compared with the coaxial submarine cable systems of conventional type. A long haul transmission of color television signals will become possible through a submarine cable system. It may be said that this system, together with the satellite communications will be the trunk line for international digital communication in the future. (Author)


Three piston cores from Bedford Basin, a silled coastal inlet, provide the basis for a micropaleontological study of postglacial to recent sediments. Five faunal units (four foraminiferal, one arcellacean) are found in core 79-11: a surface assemblage, followed by deep estuarine, marginal marine, transition, and freshwater (arcellacean) assemblages. The other cores contain only expanded marine sequences. The top of the transition zone in core 79-11 has a C-14 age of 5830 ± 230 years BP, indicating a rise in sea level of at least 20 m (the sill depth) during the Holocene.Four dinoflagellate assemblage zones are found in core 79-11. The first (O. centrocarpum – B. tepikiense) is typical of a silled basin with marine water of near-normal salinity; the second (P. conicoides – Cyst C) indicates a temperate marine environment with strong fluvial influence (marginal marine); the third (P. limbatum) is dominated by freshwater cysts, and the fourth (Dinocyst sp. A) is dominated by subarctic brackish water cysts.Fo...


Abstract "the ability of the apoA-I mimetic peptides (as demonstrated by 6F) to modulate formation or block activity of unsaturated lysophosphatidic acid in the gut appears to the relevant mechanism of action for atheroprevention." Submitted: 5 August 2015; Accepted: 14 August 2015; Online: 23 November 2015


objective: To obs erve the protective effect and mechanis m of Taohe Chengqi decoction on liver tis s ue in rats with s eps is. Methods:A total of 100 male clean Kunming SD rats were randomly divided into five groups,the normal control group(NC),the model 6h group(MC6h),the model 12h group(MC12h), Taohe Chengqi decoction 6h group(Th6h) and Taohe Chengqi decoction 12h group(Th12h),20 in each group. The normal control group had no treatment. Each rat of model group was given s aline 1mL/100g(body weight) per day through gas trogavage. The rat of Taohe Chengqi decoction group was given Taohe Chengqi decoction 1mL/100g(body weight) per day through gas trogavage. The modeling las ted 7 days. Serum and liver tis s ue s pecimens were collected res pectively at 6 h and 12 h after the modeling, and were obs erved by biochemical examination, pathological dyeing and electronic micros copy. Results: The levels of s erum aminotrans feras e(ALT) and as partate aminotrans feras e(AST) in MC6h group and MC12h group were increas ed(P 0.01 compared with thos e in the NC group at the s ame time point). The levels of s erum ALT and AST in Th6h group and Th12h group were lower than thos e in the MC group at the s ame time point(P 0.05). The levels of s erum tumor necros is factor- α(TNF- α),interleukin- 6(IL- 6) and lipopolys accharide(LPS) in MC6h and MC12h groups were higher than thos e in the NC group at the s ame time point(P 0.01). Rats in Th6h and Th12h groups had lower s erum TNF- α,IL- 6 and LPS levels than MC groups at the s ame time point(P 0.05 or P 0.01). The damage of liver tis s ue in Th12h group was relieved obvious ly(P 0.05 compared with that in MC12h group at the s ame time point). MC12h group had s evere edema of liver tis s ue and s potty necros is of liver cells,infiltration of lymphocytes into portal area. Conclus ion: Taohe Chengqi decoction can reduce the liver inflammatory damage of rats with s eps is,and the mechanis m may be related with decreas ing inflammatory factors of TNF- α,IL- 6 and LPS level.


Chapter 8 describes slips and relapse and provides an overview of how to help children and families prevent a return to school refusal behavior. Activities to help with relapse prevention include taking photographs of the child during in vivo exposure practices; creating a poster, journal, or storybook of the child's accomplishments using photographs of the child's exposures; and asking the child's help in producing a video "commercial" aimed at teaching other children how to overcome the problem of school refusal behavior. Special circumstances such as how to handle long breaks from school (like summer vacation) and starting a new school are discussed. For children with chronic or extremely severe school refusal behavior, relapse prevention can be challenging. A list is provided of key skills that older adolescents/young adults will need as they live independently or move away to college.


Flavour is the main factor determining the purchase of food and it also effects to consumer preferences.Therefore, flavour problems usually come to light as a result of consumers' complaints, and flavour defects infood are a major cause of consumer rejection of the food product including milk and milk products. Flavour andoff-flavour in milk and milk products have been the subject of active research in the last decade; there have beendevelopments in the analytical techniques used to monitor flavour development, flavour and off-flavourcompounds in many dairy product have now been investigated. The chemicals responsible for unacceptableflavours in milk and milk products can originate incidental contamination from environmental sources, fromanimal feeding, from chemical reactions occuring within the food material itself and from other sources. Theobjectives of this paper comprise, after definitions, summarizing the possible sources and specific compounds ofoff-flavours, and discussing different approaches for off-flavour concept in milk and dairy products.


Particle swarm optimization is widely used in past decades as optimization method for unimodal, multimodal, separable and non-separable optimization problems. A popular variant of PSO is PSO-W (Inertia Weight PSO). Attempts has made to modify the PSO with Selective Multiple Inertia Weights (SMIWPSO) to enhance the searching capability of PSO. The present paper implemented the SMIWPSO with four best chosen Inertia Weight techniques i.e. Linear Decreasing Inertia Weight, Chaotic Inertia Weight, Random Inertia Weight and Constant Inertia Weight. Selection of considered Inertia Weight depends upon the agreement of controlling parameter P. SMIWPSO performance is examine against PSO with respect to 25 standard optimization problem. Experimental results show SMIWPSO have significant improvement in relation to efficiency, reliability and robustness.


The experimental research was conducted in a marine diesel engine fueled with two different diesel oils to investigate the effect of diesel oil quality on particulate and smoke emissions of marine diesel engine.Results show that when using the ordinary diesel oil,particulate and smoke emissions increase by 28.9% ~41.5% and 2.35%~9.32% respectively in comparison to the EuroⅡ diesel oil.The smoke emissions with two diesel oils are almost the same in various operation conditions for auxiliary engine,but there are noticeable variations at medium and high loads for main engine.Based on the experimental datas,the sulfur content correction coefficient of 0.072 for particulate emission from marine diesel engine is calculated.


A new system for preventing condensate and precipitate icing of gas turbine inlet systems has been developed. This system uses a combination heat exchanger/moisture separator called an Anti-Ice Moisture Separator (AIMS) to provide icing protection without the need to heat the inlet air to 0 C or above. Turbine exhaust gas heats the AIMS surfaces and thereby prevents ice from forming on them. Turbine inlet air passing over these surfaces is heated by convection. No mixing of exhaust gas with inlet air occurs. Condensate icing is prevented by heating the air enough to prevent it from falling below the dew point temperature anywhere in the inlet system. Precipitate icing is prevented by separating most water droplets from the inlet air and evaporating the rest before they impact and freeze on cold surfaces. The AIMS system has successfully prevented turbine inlet icing in temperatures as low as −22 C (-8 F) during field tests. It is anticipated that AIMS systems will be able to prevent inlet icing at any ambient temperature that may be encountered.Copyright © 1976 by ASME


Based on the analysis of many related references,an extensive review on the durability of recycled aggregate concrete and improvement measure are given in this paper.The impermeability,the freeze and thaw resistallce,the sulphate and acid resistance,the carbonation resistance,the chloride penetration resisance as well as the abrasion are discussed in detail.It is shown that the durability of recycled aggregate concrete is generally lower than that of normal concrete.However,the poor durability of recycled aggregate concrete can be offset by lowing the water/cement ratio,the addition of fly ash,the double mixing method,the decreasing of the maximum size of recycled aggregate or the use of semi-saturated recycled aggregates.Finally,some recommendations on further studies on the dueability of recycled aggregate concrete are presented.


Highly efficient plasmonic Ag rear electrodes in top-illuminated PSCs employing MoO3/Ag (13 nm)/MoO3 stacks as top transparent electrodes were successfully demonstrated, resulting in the significant enhancement of solar cell performance with a PCE of up to 7.18%. The hemispherical Ag nanostructured arrays effectively concentrate incident light within the photoactive layer in addition to contributing to extended stability with a robust structure.


Many organizations devote significant resources to building high-fidelity deep learning (DL) models. Therefore, they have a great interest in making sure the models they have trained are not appropriated by others. Embedding watermarks (WMs) in DL models is a useful means to protect the intellectual property (IP) of their owners. In this paper, we propose KeyNet, a novel watermarking framework that satisfies the main requirements for an effective and robust watermarking. In KeyNet, any sample in a WM carrier set can take more than one label based on where the owner signs it. The signature is the hashed value of the owner's information and her model. We leverage multi-task learning (MTL) to learn the original classification task and the watermarking task together. Another model (called the private model) is added to the original one, so that it acts as a private key. The two models are trained together to embed the WM while preserving the accuracy of the original task. To extract a WM from a marked model, we pass the predictions of the marked model on a signed sample to the private model. Then, the private model can provide the position of the signature. We perform an extensive evaluation of KeyNet's performance on the CIFAR10 and FMNIST5 data sets and prove its effectiveness and robustness. Empirical results show that KeyNet preserves the utility of the original task and embeds a robust WM.


Currently large organizations are affected by sudden growth in data and common software tools are used for managing, capturing and processing on dataset. Today main challenge is that analyzes all the datasets and gets more accurate and useful information in short period of time. This paper gives an insight on data mining using R statistical software. This paper proposes three stages for data mining process 1) the initial exploration, 2) model building or pattern identification with validation or verification and, 3) deployment means prediction of application


We associate 135 low-mass ultracool dwarfs in the southern hemisphere as candidate members of five moving groups using photometric and astrometric selection techniques. Of these objects, three candidates possess published radial velocities allowing a galactic space motion to be calculated, and the kinematic membership of the moving groups to be assessed. One object is a possible member of the IC2391 or Hyades moving groups. We also re-identify a previously known member of the Castor moving group. Also identified is a possible member of the Pleiades moving group, although the large uncertainties associated with the space motion of this object mean that it remains unconfirmed kinematically. Possible membership of moving groups has allowed possible ages and metallicities to be constrained for these objects and evolutionary models have been used to estimate their mass. In addition, the SuperCOSMOS and Hipparcos catalogues were searched for common proper motion binary companions to the 135 candidate moving group members. Three potential binary systems have been found. Further investigation is required to determine if one of these is the widest double brown dwarf binary system known, and another may consist of a low-mass star and a dwarf carbon star. We estimate that up to ∼75 of our candidate moving group members should be genuine, and discuss future work that will confirm and exploit this major new sample.


The crystal structure of the title compound has been determined as the first example of a monomeric carboxylatocomplex of UIV. The crystals are monoclinic, P21/a, with a= 6.555(6), b= 17.652(13), c= 8.008(2), β= 128.52(4), and Z= 2. The structure has been solved by the heavy-atom method and refined to R= 0.057 for 1 031 observed reflections. The uranium atoms are ten-co-ordinate, with bicapped square-antiprismatic geometry [U–O 2.38(2)–2.55(1)A], and the glycolate anions are planar, 1 : 4 co-ordinated.


We preprocess the raw NMR spectrum and extract key characteristic features by using two different methodologies, called equidistant sampling and peak sampling for subsequent substructure pattern recognition; meanwhile may provide the alternative strategy to address the imbalance issue of the NMR dataset frequently encountered in dataset collection of statistical modeling and establish two conventional SVM and KNN models to assess the capability of two feature selection, respectively. Our results in this study show that the models using the selected features of peak sampling outperform the ones using the other. Then we build the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) model trained by Data B collected from peak sampling. Furthermore, we illustrate the easier optimization of hyper parameters and the better generalization ability of the RNN deep learning model by comparison with traditional machine learning SVM and KNN models in detail.


SYNCHRO-NET is a Horizon2020 European research project that aims to overcome the stress due to increasing transportation distances, higher complexity, and vulnerability of modern supply chains. In SYNCHRO-NET consortium, considering the high uncertainty of synchro-modal transportation scenarios, Risk Analysis module is as an essential part to contribute to a cost-effective solution. The paper aims at the development of the decision in synchro-modal freight considering the potential risks (e.g. time delay, non flexibility and safety issues). Since the fastest route may not be the best when there are other safer or cheaper routes, it is necessary to include risk analysis considering different risk aspects. The paper begins with an overview of the components in the SYNCHRO-NET system including the trip planner. Then the design of historical storage for storing data on execution and stakeholder's experience is introduced. Next, minimal sample size are analyzed to guarantee the balance of time efficiency and precision, and there are detailed explanation of two working phases (stochastic distribution functions and feature selection) in Risk Profiler (see chapter 4). There are general discussions about the structure, and working principle of Risk Analysis module including the solution approach named Monte Carlo Rollout which contains 2 players "playing the game" to simulate the situation of inter-modal transportation afflicted with several possible disturbances (time delay, path deviation and mode deviation). After that, the implementation of the Risk Analysis is described in detail, especially the meaning of four Key Risk Indicators. And then in the client side development, how to show to end users the values of four different risk aspects are introduced. Finally the main service functions are introduced.


With the globalization of the church, a missional theology has emerged which addresses the universal quest for health and wholeness in various contexts of suffering and affliction. The spread of Ch...


Abstract The deglaciation record of the Ontario Lowland and Mohawk Valley of North America is important for constraining the retreat history of the Laurentide Ice Sheet, end-Pleistocene paleoclimate, and ice-sheet processes. The Mohawk Valley was an important meltwater drainage route during the last deglaciation, with the area around modern Oneida Lake acting as a valve for meltwater discharge into the North Atlantic Ocean. The Mohawk Valley was occupied by the Oneida Lobe and Oneida Ice Stream during the last deglacial period. Multichannel seismic reflection data can be used to generate images of preglacial surfaces and internal structures of glacial bedforms and proglacial lake deposits, thus contributing to studies of deglaciation. This paper uses 217 km of offshore multichannel seismic reflection data to image the entire Quaternary section of the Oneida basin. A proglacial lake and paleo-calving margin is interpreted, which likely accelerated the Oneida Ice Stream, resulting in elongated bedforms observed west of the lake. The glacial bedforms identified in this study are buried by proglacial lake deposits, indicating the Oneida basin contains a record of glacial meltwater processes, including a 60-m-thick proglacial interval in eastern Oneida Lake.


In present work, we study an numerical approach to one dimensional finite volume three-body interaction, the method is demonstrated by considering a toy model of three spinless particles interacting with pair-wise $\delta$-function potentials. The numerical results are compared with the exact solutions of three spinless bosons interaction when strength of short-range interactions are set equal for all pairs.