Abstract:Focusing on immigration in the 1920s, we trace the history of efforts made on behalf of intellectually disabled children who entered the United States on bond during World War I and were subsequently given orders of deportation. Thanks to the activism of community members and ethnic organizations who brought federal lawsuits on their behalf and reached out to Congress and to Presidents Harding and Coolidge, the Immigration Act of 1924 permitted the secretary of labor to allow these young people to remain in the United States. We suggest the need to reconsider the chronology of activism on behalf of the disabled and argue that community skepticism about deportation deserves greater exploration. Finally, we note the challenges to medical authority posed by supporters of the intellectually disabled. Our analysis focuses on the example of Paula Patton, an intellectually disabled girl, and on Clara Kinley, the community activist who supported Paula's effort to avoid deportation.


development of such system that automatically recognizes the input speech and translates in another language like Sanskrit is a challenging task. Sanskrit language is much more conjured language. The purpose of this paper is to explain a system which convert the English Speech into English text and then translate that English text into Sanskrit text and again convert that into speech. This system falls into the category of Speech-to-Speech translation. It unifies the isolated words class under the Speech Recognition type, traditional dictionary rule based machine translation approach and text to speech synthesizer. So basically it is classifies into three areas: Speech Recognition, Machine Translation and Speech Synthesis. This system matches tokens (1) from database to differentiate Subject, Object, Verb, Preposition, Adjective, and Adverb. This paper presents approach for translating well-structured English sentences into Sanskrit sentences. Since Sanskrit is free ordering language (or syntax free language) or we can say its meaning won't be change even if the order of words changes. Keywordsbased dictionary approach, Synthesizer, Translator, Speech Recognition, Rule based machine translation


A novel railway suspension system using the principle of diagonal wheelset guidance in place of the parallel guidance commonly employed has been described in principle for two and three axle bogies (vehicles) and analyzed for curving ability and hunting stability of wheelset and body oscillations, and critical hunting speeds have been determined. It has been shown that body instabilities can be controlled by the use of pseudo-slip damping and/or body suspension damping while wheelset stability can be maintained up to very high operating speeds without any real impairment of the steering ability of the standard rigid railway wheelset having conical or profiled wheel treads. For profiled wheels the ratio between lateral gravitational suspension stiffness and longitudinal suspension stiffness which ensures optimum steering on curved track has been derived.


We experimentally demonstrate cascadable regeneration of 10Gb/s DPSK signals by using a two-fold cascade of SOA-based wavelength converters. No additional power penalty and 3dB OSNR improvement are observed between 1 and 2 hops.


The invention relates to a method for synthesizing nafcillin sodium monohydrate by nafcillin acid with one-step method, comprising dissolving one of sodium carbonate and sodium hydrogen carbonate intothe mixed solution of water and acetone in proportion, controlling the temperature to be below 30 DEG C, adding nafcillin acid when quickly stirring, and reacting for 0.5h; then, adding the acetone to be taken as extracting agent, filtering unreacted inorganic alkali, heating filtrate to 35-45 DEG C, quickly stirring and separating out for crystallization; after that, growing crystal at 0-5 DEG C, separating the crystal, vacuum drying at 25 DEG C, and obtaining the nafcillin sodium monohydrate which is white solid powder. The product obtained by the method is simple and convenient for operation and suitable for industrialized aseptic production, has more than 99% of content, and leads the residual solvent to be easily controlled.


The article tells about stages of forming a quality and safety system of products based on HACCP principles in JSC "Glinka" Kurgan. The relevance of the article is that the HACCP system is guaranteed to provide customers the security of food consumption. In addition, the application of HACCP can be a powerful argument to confirm compliance with regulatory and legal requirements, since July 1, 2013, entered into force on Technical Regulations of the Customs Union "On food safety", in an article says that the implementation of production processes product manufacturer shall develop, implement and maintain procedures based on HACCP principles. The author of an algorithm for the creation of the HACCP system, based on which have been developed measures for the management of quality and safety for example, the production of cheese. It was found a working group to develop a HACCP system. It shows a diagram of the production of cheese used in JSC "Glinka" and an example of isolation of potentially hazardous biological, chemical and physical factors on the stage of making rennet. Using the method of "decision tree", recommended by ISO 22000, identified 19 critical control points in the production of cheese and an example of a corrective action in the two control points at the stage of making rennet. The measures that should be included in the program verify the operation of the HACCP system and the necessary documents for the timely and accurate recording of all data in the enterprise.


THE PARISIAN BUDDHA. BY MONCURE D. CONWAY. In the course of one year two theatres in Pans have drawn vast crowds by representations appealing to the half-awake interest of Europe in Buddha. One of these was " Izeyl," a drama in four acts, by Messrs. Armand Silvestre and Eugene Morand ; the other " La Princesse Idaea," a ballet in two tableaux. After seeing both of these, I have remembered an unfulfilled desire of Renan, namel}', to compose a philosophical ballet on the legend of Krishna's appearance with his flute among the rustic cow-maidens. The god, as a handsome young herdsman, set them all dancing to his music, and each maiden believed she had him for a partner. Renan found in this the secret of every divine figure, the infinite self-multiplication by which the god or teacher becomes to each that personally beloved one for which each individual spirit longs. But they respond to the several genii of each people also. The English conception of Buddha is now so Christianised that it is doubtful whether either of these French dramas would be favorably received in London, whereas in Paris the great Oriental teacher has been adapted to the emotional and passionate sentiment which has not yet been permitted to take Jesus for a partner,— or not by name. The authors of "Izeyl" have, however, availed themselves of the story of Ambapali (told in Dr. Carus's Gospel of Buddha, p. 201) and the parable of Vasavadatta (//'. p. 179), to give an Oriental disguise to a tender romance between Jesus and Mar}' Magdalen. It is an indication of the extreme antiquity of the story of Ambapali, probably true, that in his discourse in the mansion of this courtesan Buddha spoke no word that could be construed into a reproof of her way of life ;


LARGE AMPLITUDE PITCHING OF SUPERMANEUVER DELTA WINGS INCLUDING FLOW CONTROL Yahia A. Abdelhamid Old Dominion University, 1999 Director: Dr. Osama A. Kandil The unsteady, three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations are solved to simulate and study the aerodynamic response o f a delta wing undergoing large amplitude pitching motion up to 90° angle o f attack. The primary model under consideration consists of a 76° swept, sharp-edged delta wing of zero thickness, initially at zero angle o f attack. The ffeestream Mach number and Reynolds number are 0.3 and 0.45 x 106, respectively. The governing equations are solved time-accurately using the implicit, upwind, Roe fluxdifference splitting, finite-volume scheme. Both laminar and turbulent flow solutions are investigated. In the laminar flow solutions, validation o f the computational results is carried out using existing experimental data, and shows good agreement. The effect o f reduced frequency o f the wing motion is then presented and a grid refinement study is introduced. In the turbulent flow simulations, both Baldwin-Lomax and Spalart-Allmaras turbulence models are used and the results are compared with those o f the laminar solution and experimental data as well. A sinusoidal pitching motion of the wing is also investigated in the present work. The computational results provide complete information and details about the flowfield response, which are difficult to Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. obtain from experiment. A feasibility study o f using one o f the flow control techniques, blowing, to enhance maneuverability is introduced. The investigation o f the unsteady flow over a wide range o f angles of attack provides crucial understanding o f the variations o f the leading edge vortex cores, their breakdown behavior, aerodynamic hysteresis, and wing aerodynamic characteristics at very high angle o f attack. The current study shows that numerical simulations in the very high angle o f attack range are obtainable. Such calculations were thought to be unattainable as recently as the 1980's. R eproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Praise and thanks are due to GOD to whom I owe everything I would like to express my sincere thanks and gratitude to my advisor, Professor Osama A. Kandil, Eminent Scholar o f Aerospace Engineering, for his advice and encouragement during the course o f this research work. Without his support I wouldn't have been able to finish this work. Special thanks are extended to the members o f my dissertation committee, Prof. Colin P. Britcher and Prof. Brett A. Newman o f the Aerospace Engineering Department at Old Dominion University and Dr. Tin-Chee Wong, for their review o f this dissertation. I would like also to express my love, gratitude and appreciation to my parents, my wife, Abir, and my children, Omar and Asmaa, for their continuous support, encouragement and patience. This research work has been supported partially by the Unsteady Aerodynamics Branch o f NASA Langley Research Center under NASA Grant No. NAG-1-648. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.


During Timor-Leste's political and security crisis in 2006, a seemingly latent regional division re-emerged between Timorese from its eastern region, lorosa'e, and those from its western region, loromonu. The conflict between lorosa'e and loromonu revealed critical weaknesses in nation-building. Only four years after independence in 2002, international peacekeeping forces, led by Australia, were redeployed to the new nation-state. This article argues that the enduring political significance of regionalism weakens nation-building in Timor-Leste. This case study revitalises traditional security paradigms by relocating identity-building from the periphery of nation-building to its centre. Identity-building supports the formation of a unifying national political community which transcends social divisions within post-conflict societies.


The current low efficiency of the supply of public goods on the view of the relationship between state and society is discussed,and the methods of the mechanisms innovation of the supply of public goods are raised.


This paper analyzes on the features, principles and stresses of the chain meshing transmission, finds the factors influencing the service life of the chain, and puts forward some countermeasures for prolonging the service life of the chain.


We propose a formalization of analog algorithms, extending the framework of abstract state machines to continuous-time models of computation. The machine to be described here, like almost every contrivance, apparatus, or machine in practical use, is based very largely upon what has been accomplished by others who previously labored in the same field. —Description of the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey tide-predicting machine, no. 2 (1915)


We are developing a hot-electron superconducting transition-edge sensor (TES) that is capable of counting THz photons and operates at T = 0.3K. The main driver for this work is moderate resolution spectroscopy (R ~ 1000) on the future space telescopes with cryogenically cooled (~ 4 K) mirrors. The detectors for these telescopes must be background-limited with a noise equivalent power (NEP) ~ 10-19-10-20 W/Hz1/2 over the range ν=0.3-10 THz. Above about 1 THz, the background photon arrival rate is expected to be ~ 10-100 s-1, and photon counting detectors may be preferable to an integrating type. We fabricated superconducting Ti nanosensors with a volume of ~ 3×10-3 μm3 on planar Si substrate and have measured the thermal conductance G to the thermal bath. A very low G=4×10-14 W/K, measured at 0.3 K, is due to the weak electron-phonon coupling in the material and the thermal isolation provided by superconducting Nb contacts. This low G corresponds to NEP(0.3K) = 3×10-19 W/Hz1/2. This Hot-Electron Direct Detector (HEDD) is expected to have a sufficient energy resolution for detecting individual photons with ν > 0.3 THz at 0.3 K. With the sensor time constant of a few microseconds, the dynamic range is ~ 50 dB.


Housing is a basic human need. But for the majority of the Indonesian people, the word "home" became the term that is very expensive, but the house is a building basic, fundamental and also a prerequisite for everyone to survive and live and enjoy life dignified, peaceful, safe and comfortable. Many problems regarding housing draw made this issue to be studied. Identification of research problems are 1) How is the role and perspectives of Law No. 8, 1999 (BFL) for violation of consumer rights in the housing industry?; 2) The extent to which the responsibility of the developer or developer to default or negligence in carrying out obligations, and how the reality faced by consumers?; 3) what legal action can be taken if a dispute arises consumers with businesses?. This study is a descriptive analysis is intended to provide a detailed overview of the rights of consumers in the housing industry, to see the problems that exist in the present and perspective of research that its analysis leads to the future in order to find the right policy to consumer protection housing. From these results it can be concluded that: 1) the implementation of Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection (BFL), especially regarding the implementation of consumer rights cannot be realized as a whole, particularly with regard to the behavior for the rights, such as rights advocacy, the right to obtain redress. 2) On the issue of consumer protection, based on the findings directly in the field indicates that Act No. 8, 1999 do not yet play as expected at the time of enactment. 3) Control the government to businesses in the housing industry or developers so far only limited to licensing only, while the interactions or direct relationship between developers and consumers, the government does not intervene. On the advice of the above conclusions are: 1) There needs to be a social movement about empowering consumers so considered important encouragement for socialization activities; 2) Establishment of an independent body specialized dispute resolution field of housing or property in Indonesia is quite urgent, given the weak position of the consumer; 3) For a more integrative and comprehensive reach the target of legal protection to consumers, Act No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection in the implementation must be accompanied by implementing regulations.


The aim of this work was to achieve a screening on organoleptic and sensory characteristics, physical-chemical properties, microbial load and degree of contamination with heavy metals and arsenic of homemade vanilla ice cream. Dry substance ranged between 31.69% and 32.16%, all samples showing values below the 33% minimum eligibility. Regarding the acidity of the analyzed samples, they were within the legislative norms in force, showing values below 24°T. Also, analyzed  ice cream samples showed no microbial loads or contamination with heavy metals or arsenic.


Molecularly imprinted polymers for aminotriazole(AMI) were synthesized with aminotriazole as template molecule,methacrylic acids as functional monomer,and EDMA as crosslinker in isobutanol solution by molecular imprinting technique.The binding affinity and recognition of the imprinted polymers to aminotriazole were evaluated by equilibrium adsorption experiments.Moreover,the adsorption selectivity experiments and the adsorption kinetics were observed,respectively.The results showed that two classes of binding sites were formed in AMI-MIP,and AMI-MIP exhibited higher affinity and recognition to aminotriazole.Pseudo-second order equation was fitted for adsorption of AMI on AMI-MIP.


Currently visual usability for mobile applications is a must, whilst more demand for personalized the design both aesthetic and personal preference dynamically. It was designed to ease people with high mobility. When designing user interface, designers focus on visual usability, user needs, and user preferences. Each user has different preferences about interface designs because of their personality. In this paper, we proposed a visual usability design for mobile application based on user personality. Our approach was based on psychological aspects that enabled to perform personal preference appointing to specific visual usability of preferred experiences. The objectives of this paper are to identify and formulate rules for interface design in mobile application based on user personality. Kansei engineering is a method to get user needs and user preferences based on his or her senses and cognition. Association rule mining and bond measure is a method for finding a relationship between user preferences and user personality.


"In principle," wrote Walter Benjamin in the first sentence of his classic essay on the work of art in the age of its mechanical reproduction, "a work of art has always been reproducible. Manmade artifacts could always be imitated by men."' But Benjamin's way of characterizing the difference between the oldest forms of reproduction (e.g., stamped coins, or medieval woodcuts) and the fully modem ones assumes long unmarked passages of time between them. In Benjamin's schematic overview, nothing momentous really occurs in the domain of the image's reproducibility until it becomes fully photomechanical. For Benjamin, reproducibility is what industrialization requires of the image; modem technologies thus act upon both the production of imagery and its dissemination. But like many modem technologies, the advent of photography was a two-edged sword, condemning older forms to oblivion, while fueling new possibilities for cultural production. The consequences of these we live with still, for all these technologies of the image converge eventually in the society of the spectacle. Whether or not technologies of reproduction are employed for progressive purposes or not, in Benjamin's reasoning reproducibility is part of the logic of industrialization in the field of image production and thus the passage from hand-made to machine-made reproduction needs to be considered a decisive rupture in the history of reproduction and image-making, not part of an evolutionary logic. The "rupture" school of photography, if it can be so termed, has important arguments to recommend it. Roland Barthes, to take one especially influential case, initially characterized photography as "a decisive mutation in informational ec~nornies."~ Annexing "information" to other cultural products, such as art, Barthes was at this period concerned with the singularity of photography as an unprecedented concatenation of spatio-temporal effects (what he termed "the having-been-there" of the photographic subject) as well as its singular semiotic status. Although he would later nuance, complicate, and even contradict his own theorizations of how photography "works," he never doubted that photography was something altogether new in the world, however much its products might resemble older ones and however much its reception might be bound up with atavistic or psychological responses.3


1. Insulated adhesive amniotic cell, wherein said cell adhesive to the plastic tissue culture, and wherein said cell is OCT-4 (oktamersvyazyvayuschy protein 4) according to the RT-PTSR.2. The isolated cell according to claim 1, wherein said cell is an HLA-Gpo RT-PTSR.3 data. The isolated cell according to claim 1, wherein said cell is also CD49fpo tsitometrii.4 data flow. The isolated cell according to claim 3, wherein said cell is OCT-4, HLA-G and CD49f.5. The isolated cell according to claim 1, wherein said cell is a CD90, by flow CD105ili CD117po tsitometrii.6. The isolated cell according to claim 5, wherein said cell is a CD90, CD105ili CD117.7. The isolated cell according to claim 6, wherein said cell is OCT-4, HLA-Gpo According to RT-PCR, and CD49f, CD90, by flow CD105i CD117po tsitometrii.8. The isolated cell according to claim 1, wherein said cell is VEGFR1 / Flt-1 (1 receptor vascular endothelial growth factor) and VEGFR2 / KDR (2 receptor vascular endothelial growth factor) according immunolokalizatsii.9. The isolated cell according to claim 1, wherein said cell is one or more of: CD9, CD10, CD44, CD54, CD98, Tie-2 (Angiopoietin receptor), TEM-7 (tumor endothelial marker 7), CD31, CD34, CD45, CD133, CD143 (angiotensin-I-converting enzyme, ACE), CD146 (melanoma cell adhesive molecule) or CXCR4 (chemokine receptor 4 (CXC motif)) according immunolokalizatsii.10. The isolated cell according to claim 1, wherein said cell is CD9, CD10, CD44, CD54, CD98, Tie-2 (Angiopoietin receptor), TEM-7 (tumor endothelial marker 7), CD31, CD34, CD45, CD133, CD143, CD146i CXCR4po data immunolokalizatsii.11. The isolated cell according to claim 1, wherein said cell is a VE-kadgerinpo immunolokalizatsii.12 data. The isolated cell according to claim 1, g


Response surface methodological (RSM) optimization of protease by Pseudomonas aeruginosa MCM B327, increased 1.3-fold activity with 1% inoculum having cell density of 27.57 x 10 9 cells mL -1 at pH 7, 30 0 C and 72 h of incubation. Protease enzyme recovered from P. aeruginosa showed characteristic activities against diverse proteins of hide. Enzyme was found to be active with substrates e.g. casein, Bovine serum albumin, gelatin, elastin, haemoglobin but inactive against keratin and collagen. During leather manufacturing, non-collagenase and non-keratinase activities have advantageous in a quality leather and hair saving process, respectively. Increased proteolytic enzyme concentration (0.1-0.5%) in soaking process showed increased water penetration because of hydrolysis of albumin and elastin proteins as indicated by opened fibers in histopathological sections. These findings suggest, protease secreted by P. aeruginosa may have application in soaking operation of leather processing for minimizing harmful deharing chemicals and processing time.


High rates of incarceration in the United States has prompted researchers to study the impacts of imprisonment on romantic relationships and minor children. We examine the relationship between several prison facility barriers to relational maintenance and perceptions of relationship quality from the perspective of women whose male romantic, coparenting partners are incarcerated. Using data from the Multi-site Family Study on Incarceration, Parenting and Partnering (MFS-IP) and binomial logistic regression, we find that the high costs of phone calls and difficulty of in-person visitation negatively impact how women perceive romantic relationship quality. These findings suggest that alleviating barriers to contact can help strengthen couples' relationships.


Marfan syndrome was initially classified by a triad of: skeletal changesincludes long thin extremities, frequently associated with loose joints, decreased vision-result of dislocation of ectopia lentis, cardiovascular abnormalitiesaortic aneurysms etc. But there is uncommon association with gastrointestinal manifestations. Midgut volvulus is a condition in which the intestine becomes twisted as a result of malrotation of the intestine during embryonic development. Malrotation of the intestine occurs when the normal embryological sequence of bowel development and fixation is interrupted. Primary midgut volvulus has no known cause while in our case, intestinal malrotation, secondary midgut volvulus has known etiology. No exact data on gastrointestinal complication in marfans syndrome are available. Albeit the etiology of volvulus and clinical features will remain same like vomiting, abdominal distension and pain. Described below is the clinical presentation, workup and management of our patient with midgut volvulus.


The object of research is secondary dust formed during melting of metallurgical dusts, slags and clinker, containing copper, zinc, precious metals, etc., on a shaft (S) and thermal (T) furnaces, not having realization and technologies of further processing, of the following composition, % (S/T): 1,5/2,1 Cu; 35,0/14,2 Pb; 19,1/11,8 Zn; 10,7/31,6 As; 1,4/0,9 Sb; 3,7/3,5 S; 4,4/2,0 Fe; 1,8/6,3 CDs; 0,4/1,9 Sn; 0,3/0,6 Te; 0,5/0,4 Bi; 1,0/0,6 [g/t] of Au; 71,8/29,6 [g/t] of Ag. The purpose of the work consists in justification of pyrometallurgical technology of processing secondary dusts, providing extraction of lead and zinc in a collective concentrate (Pb–Zn product), and also transfer of arsenic to separate product suitable for disposal. When performing balance calculations of equilibrium compositions in heterogeneous system "gas – liquid – solid" the Equilibrium Composition function of the Outotec's Chemical Reaction and Equilibrium Software HSC Chemistry program was used. Made an assumption that products of the reduction smelting of secondary dusts are: a gas phase into which pass volatile compounds of sulfur, zinc, arsenic; the slag received with fluxes (CaO·SiO 2 ; Al 2 O 3 ); a matte-speiss phase – iron-arsenical compounds; a metal phase – a lead alloy. In the roasting mode (600–650 °C) of secondary dust undesirable transition of easily sublimated compounds of arsenic to a gas phase amplifies in process of increase of initial content of the element in raw materials and decrease of lime amount in furnace charge. During melting (1300–1350 °C) of the furnace charge containing secondary dust (~ 32 % of As) and specific amounts of components to the mass of dust, %: 25.0 lime; 80.0 Fe-turnings; 9.0 mineral coal, the matte-speiss phase of composition, %: 26.3–29.6 As; 59.3–61.4 Fe; 0.7–1.7 Pb; 0.1–0.2 Zn has been received, which can be considered as the As-product suitable for disposal. Application of thermodynamic prediction (Equilibrium Composition function) with a variation of specific amounts of the following components of furnace charge to the mass of secondary dust, %: 1.0–14.5 Na 2 O; 0.7–9.7 SiO 2 ; 1.3–14.8 CaO; 4.1–31.1 FeO; 1–10 C; 20–47 Fe, showed that decreasing the amount of reducers (Fe, FeO, C) and increasing the amount of flux components (CaO, Na 2 O, SiO 2 ) in the system in the studied intervals, it is possible to increase the content of arsenic in the slag phase from ~ 20 to ~ 65 %. Range of application of results is the prediction of equilibrium compositions of the formed phases at pyrometallurgical processing of the intermediate products and wastage of the enterprises of nonferrous metallurgy.


the most likely trajectory of China's political evolution would be what he terms a "dual transition," first from a "totalist" to an authoritarian political system, and then from an authoritarian to a democratic political system. Such a transitional process may take longer but is preferable to the dramas of sudden collapse. In just over 250 pages, White covers a lot of ground. One might quibble that the rural enterprise sector and foreign trade, two of the most dynamic areas of change in China's political economy, receive little sustained treatment. Some of the arguments could also be better documented. On page 235, the author throws in a sentence that by 1991 China had become "isolated as the last remaining bastion of unreconstructed Stalinist-style socialism," which seems to contradict the central theme of the book. Yet these are but quibbles about a thought-provoking volume. Already in paperback, this is one book that is worth the money.


This note proposes two approaches to approximate distributed delay in linear control laws and, furthermore, to implement it in the z-domain and in the s-domain. The H/sup /spl infin//-norm of the approximation error converges to 0 when the number N of approximation steps approaches +/spl infin/. Hence, the instability problem due to the approximation error, which has been widely studied in recent years, does not exist provided that N is large enough. Moreover, the static gain is guaranteed so that no extra efforts are needed to retain the steady-state performance. As by-products, two new formulas for the forward and backward rectangular rules are obtained. These formulas are more accurate than the conventional ones when the integrand has an exponential term.


Through date collection and survey of landslide and debris flow hazards in Yunnan,we put forward type systems and criterion of grade division for loss assessment of landslides and debris flows According to the comprehensive,objective,scientific and practical principles of loss assessment,parameter systems for assessment of death toll,house damage,facility damage and agricultural losses are established At last survey,statistics,calculation and calamity verification for loss assessment of landslide and debris flow hazards are discussed The proposed method for loss assessment is significant to provide decision maker and planners with valuable tool for calamity relief management


VC++ can deal with large amount of data processing.However,for the programming,there are conflicts when designing system interface.Flash,a kind of interactive vector multi-media technology,can acquire a friendly,elegant and practical user interface after being embedded in the outside containers of web pages or application programs.Multiple interactions between VC++ and Flash were realized with Socket;advantages of VC++ and Flash were complementary through successful communication between two processes in different machines.


This experiment was carried out with broccoli(cv.Gesinong)as test material,to study the effects of different microelement fertilizers and biological bacterial fertilizer on the growth,physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of broccoli.The results showed that the combined biological bacterial fertilizer,base fertilizer additive agent,AZII,DELFAN,ULLTRAFERRO increased SOD activity and chlorophyll content,reduced MDA content significantly in broccoli leaves compared with the control.Among them,the combined biological bacterial fertilizer showed the most activity.The combined biological bacterial fertilizer,base fertilizer additive agent,AZII,DELFAN also enhanced significantly transpiration rate,leaf stomatal conductance,photosynthetic rate,intercellular CO2 concentration.Among them,the combined biological bacterial fertilizer also showed the most activity.


Arabic language is distinguished by its morphologic al richness, which forces the workers in the field of Arabic language Processing (i.e., information retri eval, document's classification, text summarizing) to deal with many words that seem to be different but in re ality they came from an identical root word. One of the methods to overcome this problem is to return the w ords to their roots. This research aims to provide a new algorithm, that returns roots of Arabic words using n-gram technique without using morphological rules in order to avoid the complexity arising from the morp hological richness of the language in one hand and the multiplicity of morphological rules in other hand. The proposed algorithm uses a list that contains ov er 4,500 identical roots words.


The handlebar grip has a grip element (10) inserted over a handlebar (16). A holding element (22) is laterally connected with a handlebar end (18), and a clamping element (20) is connected with the holding element for mounting the holding element directly on the handlebar end. A form-fit element is provided on the clamping element, which cooperates with another form-fit element that is provided on the grip element for preventing the rotation of the grip element on the handlebar.


The Communications Web site, http://cacm.acm.org, features more than a dozen bloggers in the BLOG@CACM community. In each issue of Communications, we'll publish selected posts or excerpts. twittertwitter Follow us on Twitter at http://twitter.com/blogCACM http://cacm.acm.org/blogs/blog-cacm Terrence DeFranco suggests the Internet of Things could be keeping us safer, and Jeremy Roschelle airs issues related to online instruction.


The evaluation of new products and innovative technologies is a core task of innovation management. Without valid innovation evaluation, companies fail to identify promising endeavors for future business success. However, the evaluation of innovations is characterized by environments where uncertainty is high and strategic context is poorly understood. A relatively new strand of research promisingly taps heterogeneous individual expectations or the wisdom of crowds to generate valid predictions in such environments. But there is strong evidence that aggregating subjective expectations can yield biased results as individuals often draw highly biased conclusions from available information. Among important individual evaluators of innovations such as entrepreneurs, inventors and business decision makers, overconfidence is the most prominent and important bias. Overconfidence leads individuals to systematically overestimate their evaluation capabilities. We report an experiment that explores the impact of overconfidence on individual behavior in innovation evaluation tasks. We focus a promising method to tap crowd wisdom known as information- or prediction markets, which aggregate individual evaluations of new product success or innovative idea potential via market mechanisms. We induce overconfidence experimentally and study how overconfident individuals interact on these platforms. Our results show that overconfident individuals turn evaluations into actions earlier. They pursue their predictions with more vigor, are more likely to act according to initial evaluations by disregarding contradictory information and are less willing to change a priori predictions after innovation evaluation tasks finish.


Social scientists have long recognized the strong tendency to preference identified over unidentified or merely statistical victims. This so-called unidentified lives phenomenon is visible in many areas of U.S. law and policy, including health law and policy. This article looks at public health law's potential to serve as a counter-balance to this phenomenon. The article argues that public health law — with its roots in a preliberal vision of the police power, and its close association with public health practice, which emphasizes preventing disease in populations — stands apart from much of American law by focusing on the interests of unidentified lives. The article also discusses recent trends in public health practice and broader developments in American jurisprudence that are limiting public health law's ability to protect the health of the unidentified, but concludes that public health law nevertheless offers both historical and rhetorical support for valuing the lives and interests of not-yet-identified victims.


The COVID-19 pandemic has brought drastic changes in the education system across the globe. According to United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) 2020, about 1.3 billion learners were not able to attend educational institutions across the world and about 320 million were affected in India alone. Digitalisation of education has brought many advantages but also created a digital divide in education. Students belonging to poor socioeconomic backgrounds have been excluded from education due to lack of access to digital equipment. Due to the frequent lockdowns, the social and psychological aspects of the students also got affected. During the pandemic, the socioeconomic differences, digital divide and psychological changes had a severe impact on academics. The main objective of the present paper is to analyse the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on technological, psychological, socio-economic and academic aspects of school children. Content analysis method has been used to analyse data gathered from various secondary sources.


When a current pulse is sent down a helical transmission line, the radial component of the fringing magnetic field acts like a piston on plasma ahead. This study leads to expressions for the resulting velocity and pressure of the plasma. The principal assumption is that leakage of the plasma through the magnetic piston is negligible. The analysis is based on the simultaneous solution of the transmission line equations, the conservation of energy, and the normal shock relationships. The analysis involves only algebraic equations, even though the usual simplifying assumption that the magnetic pressure equals the plasma pressure is not made. It is shown that the piston is always slowed down by the presence of the plasma. The distribution of the energy supplied to the device is traced. The results of the analysis are applied to a typical design problem. (auth)


A height and weight card kept on each child and retained by the parents would be a pediatric improvement in India. It could help in preventive medicine and encourage the parents to participate in protecting the health of their children. The graphic representation of the growth curve showing the childs age and important social and nutritional events in the childs life can help the pediatrician maintain an adequate rate of growth. The card also records any special high-risk factors about the child and his immunization record. Family planning history of the parents can be recorded too. Modifications of the standard card for use in India include: 1)use of the local language; 2) nutritional advice for mothers; and 3) the response to family planning section. The card is recommended by the World Health Organization.


Understanding the reactivity of chemical constituents in polymerized silica-based melts is essential to elucidating the dissolution processes and, ultimately, to predict the long-term behavior of such glasses in the natural environment. Silicate glasses are currently being proposed as the disposal media for radioactive and other toxic wastes. Because radiotoxic substances must be isolated from the biosphere for 1 C4 to 1 05 years, the durability of these waste forms must be understood with good con fidence. Currently, relatively little is known concerning the influence of melt structure on dissolution rates of silicate glasses in the presence of aqueous fluids. Despite several decade's worth of research by the international community of scientists, the dissolution behavior of borosilicate waste glass (typically the so-called`R7T7` reference glass) is incompletely understood. One approach to unraveling the complexities of silicate glasses is to simplifythe chemistry and first develop a better understanding of the oxide endmember, fused or vitreous silica (v-Si0 2), as a simple analog of waste glass. Clearly, deciphering the reactivity of v-Si0 2 in aqueous solutions is essential to formulating effective disposal strategies for more complex waste glasses.


In this study, vitamin D has shown greater efficacy of binding with M-pro of COVID-19 compared to the recently recommended drugs. The docking study was simulated to streamline interaction effects of Vitamin D, Remdesivir, Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine, Aspirin, and Azithromycin complexes with the active site of M-pro. Vitamin D is found to have the highest potential interaction in terms of total H-bond, van der Waal, torsional, and desolvation energy which were the lowest among all the selected drugs. The hydroxyl group of vitamin D and the thiol group of M-pro cysteine had played a leading role in increasing Vitamin D binding and stability with the M-pro pocket by contribution to the inception of three hydrogen bonds. The study recommend that vitamin D can be added to the COVID-19 treatment protocol, which may have the desired effect on viral replication inhibition and decreases mortality.


5061 Background: Recently, uterine cervical cancer has increased in young women. The management of ovaries is important in patients with cervical cancer. In the previous studies, the number of patients with cervical cancer was too small to draw conclusion about the impact of various clinicopathologic features in ovarian metastases. We conducted the present review to determine clinicopathological features in over 3,000 patients with cervical cancer who underwent radical hysterectomy included bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. The present study involved the largest series of patients with ovarian metastases.

METHODS
A total of 3,352 patients with stage Ib to IIb cervical cancer underwent radical hysterectomy included bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy between 1980 and 2002 in our 5 institutes. All patients were identified by the medical records. Of 3,352 patients with cervical cancer, 42 (1.3%) had ovarian metastases. The clinicopathological features in those patients were examined.

RESULTS
The mean age of patients with ovarian metastases was 52.5 years (range: 29-73 years). Out of 42 cases, there were 12 in stage Ib, 5 in stage IIa, and 25 in stage IIb. No patients with stage Ib1 squamous cell carcinoma had ovarian metastases. The incidence of ovarian metastases was shown in Table. Ovarian metastases were more frequently in adenocarcinoma than that in squamous cell carcinoma (3.91% vs. 0.76%). The 5-year survival rate was 40.1% for stage Ib, 66.7%, for stage IIa, and 23.6% for stage IIb in patients with ovarian metastases. The side of ovarian metastases did not correlate with the side of lymphnode involvement or paracolpium invasion.

CONCLUSIONS
The present study indicates that ovaries in stage Ib-IIa patients with squamous cell carcinoma can be preserved. In contrast, patients with cervical adenocarcinoma are recommended to remove ovaries. [Figure: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.


Describes yield test structure design and test methodology for high-density bipolar integrated circuits. The test structure design makes it possible not only to unlayer failure modes electronically for process development, but also to reassemble them for yield projection. The methodology of critical area computation and simulation that serves as the bridging between test structures and product is described. It is shown how test structures can be used to establish or adjust process windows for emitter to collector leakage, and emitter and collector contacts.<<ETX>>


The aim of this work was to follow the production of individuaIs and castes of Melipona mandacaia in a semiarid region of its natural occurrence.


[Objective]To establish testing normal reference values for trace whole blood copper by using the method of Flame Atomic Absorption.[Methods]Adopted the methods of synthetic mean add or subtract standard deviation and percentile and diagnosed practical situation to establish normal references.[Results]Mean value and standard deviation of blood copper was 15.7μmol/L and 5.79,respectively. The 5th percentile of the blood copper value was 7.69 μmol/L,while the 10th and the 20th were 8.30 μmol/L and 10.28 μmol/L,respectively. When lower limit value of the normal references was defined as 10.28 μmol/L,the sensitivity came at 79.17%,specificity ran to 87.50%,and the coincidence achieved 85.83%.[Conclusion]10.28 μmol/L is defined as the suitable lower limit value for the normal references.


The pharmacology of methane sulfonyl choline (MSC) can be summarized as follows: (1) It appears to have its major pharmacological action as a ganglionic stimulating agent, presumably acting by depolarizing ganglion cells, in a manner analogous to high doses of ACh. (2) The compound possesses neuromuscular blocking activity believed due to a persistent depolarization of the endplate. This also appears analogous to ACh. (3) MSC causes death by respiratory paralysis probably due to neuromuscular blockade. (4) The compound can inhibit cholinesterase only in high doses; therefore, this is not believed to be its primary mechanism of action in producing neuromuscular blockade.


In this paper, frequency response function (FRF) identification methods using single point-to-point motion data for the fast and precise motion control of industrial servo systems are examined. The adaptation of controllers using an identified FRF is effective for maintaining the motion accuracy, even if plant parameters vary in the processing operation. However, it is difficult to achieve an accurate FRF from the motion data during repetitive motions with short time-intervals. In this study, a time-domain least squares method-based FRF identification method and a frequency-domain discrete Fourier transform-based FRF identification method were theoretically and experimentally evaluated, using a laboratory galvano scanner.


This paper provides a complete, direct derivation of the continuous time linear system H/sub /spl infin// filter using a variation of parameters approach. Conditions, derived from the variational technique, which provide for filter existence, performance, and stability, are presented. These results are consistent with existing derivations using similar techniques. Here, the results also provide a simple relationship between the matrix Riccati equation for the filter gain calculation and the matrix Riccati equation for the bounded real lemma.


Background The 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic initially affected Mexico from April 2009 to July 2010. By August 2010, a fourth of the population had received the monovalent vaccine against the pandemic virus (A(H1N1)pdm09). To assess the proportion of the Mexican population who remained potentially susceptible to infection throughout the summer of 2010, we estimated the population seroprevalence to A(H1N1)pdm09 in a serosurvey of blood donors. Methods We evaluated baseline cross-reactivity to the pandemic strain and set the threshold for seropositivity using pre-pandemic (2005–2008) stored serum samples and sera from confirmed A(H1N1)pdm09 infected individuals. Between June and September 2010, a convenience sample serosurvey of adult blood donors, children, and adolescents was conducted in six states of Mexico. Sera were tested by the microneutralization (MN) and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays, and regarded seropositive if antibody titers were equal or exceeded 1:40 for MN and 1:20 for HI. Age-standardized seroprevalence were calculated using the 2010 National Census population. Results Sera from 1,484 individuals were analyzed; 1,363 (92%) were blood donors, and 121 (8%) children or adolescents aged ≤19 years. Mean age (standard deviation) was 31.4 (11.5) years, and 276 (19%) were women. A total of 516 (35%) participants declared history of influenza vaccination after April 2009. The age-standardized seroprevalence to A(H1N1)pdm09 was 48% by the MN and 41% by the HI assays, respectively. The youngest quintile, aged 1 to 22 years, had the highest the seroprevalence; 61% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 56, 66%) for MN, and 56% (95% CI: 51, 62%) for HI. Conclusions Despite high transmission of A(H1N1)pdm09 observed immediately after its emergence and extensive vaccination, over a half of the Mexican population remained potentially susceptible to A(H1N1)pdm09 infection. Subsequent influenza seasons with high transmission of A(H1N1)pdm09, as 2011–2012 and 2013–2014, are compatible with these findings.


INTRODUCTION A number of groups within the Australian population, notably rural and remote communities, are underserviced by the medical workforce. There is an extent of underservicing of low socioeconomic and migrant groups, although this may be less significant in relative terms. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples are singularly disadvantaged, with many living in poorly serviced rural and remote areas, and with added social, cultural and financial barriers to accessing medical care.


One of major purposes of a RFID system is to track moving objects using tags attached to the objects. Because a tagged object has both location and time information expressed as the location of the reader, we can index the trajectory of the object like existing spatiotemporal objects. More efficient tracking may be possible if a spatiotemporal trajectory can be formed of a tag, but there has not been much research on tag trajectory indexes. A characteristic that distinguishes tags from existing spatiotemporal objects is that a tag creates a separate trajectory in each reader by entering and then leaving the reader. As a result, there is a trajectory interruption interval between readers, in which the tag cannot be located, and this makes it difficult to track the tag. In addition, the point tags that only enter and don`t leave readers do not create trajectories, so cannot be tracked. To solve this problem, we propose a tag trajectory index called TR-tree (tag trajectory R-tree in RFID system) that can track a tag by combining separate trajectories among readers into one trajectory. The results show that TR-tree, which overcomes the trajectory interruption superior performance than TPIR-tree and R-tree.


The aim of the article is to identify the risk factors affecting bancassurance development in Poland. The development is understood here as a change of gross written premiums obtained through banks in Poland. The group of risk factors selected in a survey conducted among financial sector employees was subject to statistical verification. The analysis used both variables directly related to the insurance product (e.g., a regulatory restriction of insurance acquisition costs) as well as those resulting from the specificity of the bancassurance channel, such as the sales of banking products, i.e., cash loans, housing loans and the value of funds placed by customers on deposits. The study was conducted on the basis of data on the gross premiums written in Poland in the years 2004–2019. The result of the applied model confirms the assumptions and the importance of insurance distribution in banks. Significant risk factors (statistically significant) which determine gross premiums written in the bancassurance channel are: the size of policyholder's family (number of children, dependants) represented by the average number of people in a household in Poland, demand on mortgage loans represents by bank housing loans for households and agent's commission, represented by the ratio of acquisition costs to gross written premium. The results of the econometric model obtained are consistent with expectations arising from the principles and practice of cooperation between banks and insurers as well as the specificity of insurance products distribution (also local) in the bancassurance channel.


This articles takes up the triky notion of "translation strategies", which has been defined in many different ways in translation studies and elsewhere. The article offers a survey of different strategy notions and their definitions. Various categories of translation strategies are also introduced, such textual and procedural (Kearns 2008), local and global (Seguinot 1989; Jaaskelainen 1993) and product- and process-oriented strategies (Korhonen 1998). Finally, an attempt will be made to relate the different strategy notions to one another.


Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) has been applied in wide range of applications. In ACO, for every iteration the entire problem space is considered for the solution construction using the probability of the pheromone deposits. After convergence, the global solution is made with the path which has highest pheromone deposit. In this paper, a novel solution construction technique has been proposed to reduce the time complexity and to improve the performance of the ACO. The idea is derived from the behavior of a special ant species called 'Leafcutter Ants', they spend much of their time for cutting leaves to make fertilizer to gardens in which they grow the fungi that they eat. This behavior is incorporated with the general ACO algorithm to propose a novel feature selection method called 'Leafcutter Ant Colony Optimization' (LACO) algorithm. The LACO has been applied to select the relevant features for digital mammograms and their corresponding classification performance is studied and compared.


Curvilinear finite difference method is a one of variants of generalized finite difference method. Geometrical mesh can be created by the optional set of points for which the n-points stars are defined. In this paper the 9-points stars are considered (2D task) and the method of differential operators approximation is presented. In the final part of the paper the example of computations is shown. 1. CFD for irregular 9-points stars Let us consider 2D domain Ω (a real system {x, y}) covered by irregular mesh creating 9-points stars as in Figure 1a. We assume that the successive stars can be univocally transformed on the regular rectangular (square) stars in the so-called "mother system { , ξ η }" (see [1-3]) as in Figure 1b. The function for which the local approximation of first and second order derivatives is searched we denote by U. The nodes creating the 9-points star (a local numeration) are denoted by 0 (central node) and 1, 2,...,8 (adjacent nodes). real system mother system Fig. 1. Real and mother stars The function ( ) , ξ η U is approximated by the algebraic polynomial in the form ( ) , ξ η = ⋅ U P a (1) Please cite this article as: Sylwia Lara-Dziembek, Jaroslaw Siedlecki, Curvilinear finite difference method (CFD) approximation of differential operators, Scientific Research of the Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science, 2009, Volume 8, Issue 1, pages 97-103. The website: http://www.amcm.pcz.pl/ S. Lara-Dziembek, J. Siedlecki 98 where 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 ξ η ξ ξη η ξ η ξη ξ η   =   P (2) is the interpolation base, whereas T 0 1 2 8 a a a a   =   a (3) is a vector of coefficients. Next the following system of equations is considered ⋅ = A a u (4) where T 0 1 2 8 u u u u   =   u (5) is a vector of function U values at the points corresponding to the star nodes, at the same time 2 2 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 1 1 1


How do new market categories emerge in stigmatized industries? To address this question, we use a historical case study approach to analyze the emergence of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) as ...


In light of the regained interest in the body and embodiment in literary studies, this article seeks to elucidate the relationship between embodiment and knowing as evident in a number of poems by South African poet Gabeba Baderoon, a poet who has to date been neglected by critical inquiry. The purpose of this discussion is to illustrate the notion of embodiment depicted in Baderoon's work, and to indicate how her unique portrayal can contribute to the discourse on embodiment in literature. This paper takes a phenomenological approach of the kind entertained by Maurice Merleau-Ponty as its starting point, and utilises brief close readings of four of Baderoon's poems to demonstrate how the notion of embodiment can be understood through her work. It shall be argued that this is done on two interrelated and often simultaneously rendered levels: embodiment as a motif, and her poetry as a form of embodiment. This aspect of her work is especially lucid when considering the recurring theme of knowledge, in which she emphasizes the necessary embodiment in the process of knowing, an approach that transcends the presupposed mind-body dichotomy, and significantly relates to phenomenological notions such as 'lived experience' and 'dwelling'. Studying Baderoon's poems in light of her depiction of the body and embodiment not only offers a distinctive view of the embodied nature of knowledge, but moreover, provides an insightful glance at practising a 'theory' of embodiment in literary studies.


From the time immemorial in the history of mankind there have been some basic tenants governing warfare in every religion and culture but it would be pertinent to say that the contemporary sets of rules and norms have evolved since the mid of 19th century and have consolidated in the form of International Humanitarian Law. ICRC post the Battle of Solferino and the United Nations and some regional politico-security organisations like NATO post World War II have been involved actively in Humanitarian Relief and Intervention and have different perspectives for core principles and pillars of Humanitarian Law during the conduct of any warlike Distinction, Military Necessity, Proportionality, Neutrality, and R2P etc. In this context long drawn conflicts like Israel-Palestine and Sri Lanka-Ethnic Tamils of our times warrant a careful study by the exponent and proponents of International Law of various rules and regulations of IHL, Laws of War and Occupation to provide legal as well as humanitarian relief to both the combatants and civilians.


FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medical equipment and aims at milk expression in a nursing woman. The breast pump comprises a peristaltic pump, a nipple cover, a milk collection bottle coupled by hoses. The peristaltic pump is double-row, roller hobs are movably coupled with roller yoke in guides through springs. The hose connected with one of the rollers used to generate vacuum is coupled with the cover and bottle. The other hose connected with the roller used to generate excessive pressure is connected with a flexible star-like expression assembly. EFFECT: provided simple controlled milk expression. 4 cl, 3 dwg


Simmel's sociology of culture on prostitution focuses mainly on the evaluation of 'the general contextual relevance of society and culture' in the contemporary era and future. Instead of a substantial analysis of social structure and concrete proposals for social praxis, his analysis refers fundamentally to the clarification of ideas. Beginning from the critiques on the four decisive dimensions: the monetary economic regimes, the social mechanism of masculine culture, social norms of bourgeoisie society and cultural policy of the industrial society, Simmel indicates that the prostitution entangles itself not only with economic competition, but also patriarchy and monogamy in modern society. Simmel regards that man is apt to make judgment concerning the prostitution from the criteria of 'absolute moral', if one observes isolated from these contextual relevances. These judgments could be partially, superficially and lastly unjust. Simmel accordingly advocates the aspect of social function of prostitution and promotes the social status of prostitutes, so that the society could return them their deserved justice. Finally, with Simmel's perspective of prostitution, this paper also dedicates to elucidate multi-modernity, which has been profoundly analyzed in his sociology of culture.


The developed economies of Japan, the United States, and the Eurozone are currently experiencing very low short-term rates, so low that they are considered to be at the "zero lower bound" of possibility. This effectively paralyzes conventional monetary policy. As a consequence, monetary authorities have turned to unconventional and controversial policies such as "Quantitative Easing," "Maturity Extension," and "Low for Long Forward Guidance." John Maynard Keynes in The General Theory offered a rich analysis of the problems that appear at the zero lower bound and advocated the very same unconventional policies that are now being pursued. Keynes's comments on these issues are rarely mentioned in the current discussions because the subsequent simplifications and the bowdlerization of his model obliterated this detail. It was only later that his characterization of a lower bound to interest rates would be dubbed a "Liquidity Trap." This essay employs Keynes's analysis to retell the economic history of the Great Depression in the United States. Keynes's rationale for unconventional policies and his expectations of their effect remain surprisingly relevant today. I suggest that in both the Depression and the Great Recession the primary impact on interest rates was produced by lowering expectations about the future path of rates rather than by changing the risk premiums that attach to yields of different maturities. The long sustained period when short term rates were at the lower bound convinced investors that rates were likely to remain near zero for several more years. In both cases the treatment proved to be very slow to produce a significant response, requiring a sustained zero-rate policy for four years or longer.


The results of the use of two types of adaptive mirrors to generate quasi Q-switch pulses of the CO2 laser radiation are presented. The excess of the output power in peak above the average level in CW regime was more than 2.5 times. The power of the lasers that were used in the experiments was in the range of 1 - 3 kW CW. Also, the design of the different types of the active correctors used in the experiments is discussed.


pressure values are obtained by an arteriograph device in a silent room, at rest. Hand-ground distances were measured by physical and rehabilitation specialist. Their hand-ground distances are compared with the central aortic pressure. The correlation between the hand-ground distance and the central aortic pressure in the ankylosing spondylitis in both groups is studied with pearson correlation analysis. The relationship between the ancylosing spondylitis and central aoritc pressure compared with the control group is studied with independent samples test.


Individual facial movements signal various social information to other persons, like the gender of the sender. We used an ethological and a connectionist approaches in order to detect these movements and their characteristics in men and in women. Behavioural results indicate both qualitative and quantitative differences between men and women. The connectionist approach involves similar and complementary conclusions. The ethological study has been focused on the main movement differences as well as did the connectionist one but this last approach showed important differences between men and women in motionless events. These pilot results leads to a re-examination of behavioural events and a checking of lateralization of movements correlated with the gender


Crystals of 6,6-diphenyl-3,3-diethyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane bromide monohydrate are monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 12.044, b = 17.598, c--9.137 J~; fl = 95 ° 44'. The structure has been determined from Patterson and Fourier syntheses employing 3611 observed reflexions measured on a counter diffractometer. The final atomic parameters have been obtained by obs. and calc. differential syntheses, and the hydrogen atoms have been located from a 3-D difference map. In this structure, the five-membered ring has its four carbon atoms nearly, but not exactly, in one plane with the nitrogen atom at 0.534 A from the plane. The three-membered ring forms a nearly equilateral triangle of side 1.520/~ and is fused to the five-membered ring through the C(1)-C(5) bond at an angle of 65.0 ° from the mean plane of C(1), C(2), C(4), and C(5). One of the ethyl groups appears to be disordered, occupying one orientation more frequently than the other. Hydrogen bonding is indicated between the unattached bromine and the oxygen atoms of the water molecules.


Rule 10b-5 is one of the most important rules promulgated by the US Securities & Exchange Commission, pursuant to its authority granted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Under Rule 10b-5, are investors better off after the holdings of Dura Pharmaceuticals, Inc. v. Broudo, or is it shielding corporations instead of providing protection to investors from misrepresentations of defrauding corporations.


Experimental studies were carried out with a laboratory-scale biotrickling filter to treat a gaseous stream contaminated with benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX) operated in a continuous mode. The biotrickling filter initially acclimatised with toluene was used to treat BTX compound individually at loading rates ranging from 7.2 g/m³hr to 62.2 g/m³hr, operated in a sequential mode. The results showed removal efficiencies as high as 100% when operated with toluene as the sole carbon source. An application of the back-propagation neural network to this experimental data is presented in this paper. The performance parameters namely, elimination capacity and removal efficiency were predicted from the experimental observation by selecting the appropriate network topology. The sensitive internal parameters of the network were selected using the 2(k–1) fractional factorial design. The neural-network-based model was found to be an efficient data-driven tool to predict the performance of a biotrickling filter.


The International Symposium of Stromal and T-cell Regulation of Haemopoietic Stem Cells was held in Moscow 12-16 March 1984. Whilst the symposium was indeed international, there was, unfortunately, little more than a token presence from countries outside the Soviet Union. This was reflected in the proportion of presentations from the U.S.S.R. u. the rest of the world (3 : 1). Nevertheless, the overall standard of the papers presented was good and the organization of the meeting (in the hands of Professor R. V. Petrov and Dr A. Y. Friedenstein) was of a very high standard. The simultaneous translation was excellent; the time available for discussion was generous by the standards set out at most meetings; the venue was luxurious and very well equipped; and opportunities for private discussion were available throughout. The first session, on the stromal control of haemopoietic stem-cell proliferation and differentiation, was introduced by Professor Friedenstein of the Gamalaya Institute in Moscow. He demonstrated that the fibroblastoid colony-forming cells, or mechanocytes (CFU-F) have a very high clonogenic capacity and an ability both to self-renew and differentiate. This was followed with discussions on the types of cell responsible for repopulation of the stroma, the factors involved in its development and the manifestation of osteogenic potential. Parallels with human development were introduced and it was interesting that, although the CFC-F are precursors of bone formation, they are present in fetal liver in as great a concentration as in adult marrow. Furthermore, in some human haematological disorders, the stromal elements were shown to be deficient. There was general agreement on the high proliferative, regenerative and differentiation capacity of mechanocytes for osteogenesis and development of a marrow-supportive microenvironment which is a necessary forerunner to marrow development. CFC-F correlated well with the pluripotent spleen colony-forming cell (stem cell) but not with the more restricted committed precursor cells. The second day switched to thymic and lymphocyte control of proliferation, differentiation and migration of haemopoietic stem cells. Professor Petrov introduced the session with a historical review of the extensive literature, to which he himself has been a major contributor, on the interaction of thymus cells with stem cells. Petrov had previously demonstrated that this was a strain-dependent mechanism, a factor which may have contributed to the lack of a general scheme or model of thymic influence emerging. Interleukin 111 was shown to stimulate pre-T-cell growth and it appears that these, rather than T cells themselves, stimulate stem-cell growth. Thymiis cells appear to affect the differentiation pattern in favour of granulopoiesis while thymectomy produces a shift towards erythropoiesis. Evidence was also presented demonstrating that glucocorticoids parallel the thymus in the regulation of stem cells. This whole subject is complicated and the apparently conflicting evidence, presented both here and previously, makes it difficult to draw firm conclusions. Continuing with regulation, the final day saw a variety of experimental and mathematical model systems starting with the microarchitecture of marrow cell populations and its relationship to the distribution of regulatory cells-cells thought to be a part of the stromal


The cultural dimension of power distance moderates the extent to which owner families can extract private benefits and achieve preferential treatment for the firm in securing resources for investme...


The propagation of longitudinal plastic waves, produced by the rotary disc impact testing machine, is observed by plastic strain gages attached to the aluminum and copper ribbons. And the influence of pre-strain on the propagation is studied. The main results obtained are as follows.1) The experimental velocity of longitudinal plastic wave propagation in aluminum and copper ribbons not pre-strained exactly coincides with the velocity calculated from the Karman's theory. But in pre-strain ribbons the experimental velocity is larger than the calculation velocity.2) The elastic front is not observed in the materials not pre-strained, but is observed in the materials pre-strained. The plastic front is not observed in any material.3) The plastic strain wave attenuates through the propagation. With the increase of pre-strain, the attenuation increases.


With the increasingly serious environmental contamination and energy crisis, it is highly necessary that polyolefin-based waste plastics are converted into valuable materials by innovative upcycling processes. This study presents an environmentally benign and solvent-free autogenic process to produce sponge-like Fe/carbon nanotube nanocomposites by catalytic pyrolysis of waste polypropylene (PP) at 600 °C. The composition and morphology of the products were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that the products are Fe/carbon nanotube nanocomposites with sponge-like structures, and the diameter of the carbon nanotubes is about 30 nm while the diameter of the Fe nanoparticles in the carbon nanotubes is also about 30 nm, which illustrates that the size of the Fe nanoparticles determines the diameter of the carbon nanotubes. Nitrogen adsorption–desorption measurements indicate that the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area is calculated to be 197.6 m2 g−1, and the Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) adsorption cumulative volume of pores is up to 0.2860 cm3 g−1. Magnetic measurements at room temperature indicate that the values of saturation magnetization (62.7 emu g−1) and coercivity (187.3 Oe) of the sponge-like Fe/carbon nanotube nanocomposites are different from those of bulk Fe due to the broad distribution of carbon nanotubes and the small size of the Fe nanoparticles.


Diabetes is a widespread chronic syndrome in the world. Although there are pharmaceutical antihyperglycemic agents, they nevertheless have limits, hence our interest in functional foods. Mushrooms are considered as vegetables though they do not belong to kingdom Plantea. The aim of this work was to evaluate the toxicity and antidiabetic activity of the ethanolic, hydroethanolic extracts of Pleurotus pulmonarius (P. puluonarius) and the aqueous extract of Pleurotus floridanus (P. floridanus) which are two edible species of mushrooms commonly consumed in Cameroon. The various extracts were tested for acute toxicity and their antidiabetic activity was evaluated. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal route on adult Wistar-type albino rats using streptozotocin. The extracts were used to treat all animals during 28 days. Results showed that, these extracts revealed no evidence of apparent toxicity. After 28 days of diabetes treatment, a significant difference in body weight was observed between the normal control (NC) and the diabetic control (DC), where NC increases with time and the DC decreases. Both the tests groups and the Reference group showed slight weight loss with the aqueous extract of P. floridanus as the best extract (P 2 g/L. The aqueous extract of P. floridanus and alcoholic extract of P. pulmonarius showed the best hypoglycaemic activity with the aqueous extract of P. floridanus better than the reference glibenclamide. These results suggest that P. floridanus and P. pulmonarius have significant hypoglycaemic activity in the treatment of diabetes


The present invention provides a control field transistor using the gate structure after the manufacturing process. According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a field-controlled transistor structure. The field control transistor structure includes a semiconductor substrate, a metal gate electrode, polycrystalline silicon (polysilicon) layer, and a first metal part and the second metal portion. A polysilicon layer having a first side, a second side, a third side and a fourth side, between the semiconductor substrate and disposed on a first side and a second side of the metal gate. The polysilicon layer is further provided between the third and fourth sides of the first metal part and second metal portion. According to some embodiments of the present invention, the control field in the transistor structure may further comprise a thin metal layer is disposed between the polysilicon layer and the semiconductor substrate. A thin metal layer may be coupled to the first portion of the second metal in the metal portion of each of electric and.


Chickpea is a drought-tolerant crop and an important source of protein, relevant to its beneficial effects. The aim of this study was to assess the response to agronomic management, including water and nitrogen supply, of crop physiological and agronomic traits in relation to water use efficiency and grain protein composition. Two varieties, Pascià and Sultano, were grown at two different sites in South Italy under rainfed and irrigated conditions, with and without starter nitrogen fertilization. Crop physiological assessment was carried out by hyperspectral phenotyping at flowering and during grain filling. Increases in grain yield and grain size in relation to water supply were observed for water use up to about 400 mm. Water use efficiency increased under starter nitrogen fertilization, and Pascià showed the highest values (4.8 kg mm−1). The highest correlations of the vegetation indexes with the agronomic traits were observed in the later growth stage, especially for the optimized soil-adjusted vegetation index (OSAVI); furthermore, grain filling rate showed a strong relationship with photochemical reflectance index (PRI). Experimental factors mainly influenced protein composition rather than protein content. In particular, the 7s vicilin protein fraction showed a negative correlation with grain yield and water use, while lectin showed an opposite response. Both fractions are of interest for consumer's health because of their allergenic and antinutritional properties, respectively. Data from spectral phenotyping will be useful for digital farming applications, in order to assess crop physiological status in modern agricultural systems.


Abstract This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary garlic and thyme seed supplementation on the production performance, carcass yield and gut microbial population of broiler chickens. A total of 200 Cobb 500 male broilers were randomly allocated to 4 treatments consisting of 5 replications with 10 chicks each. Treatments were control diet (T1), control diet with 1% thyme seed powder (T2), control diet with 1% garlic powder (T3) and control diet with 0.5% thyme seed and 0.5% garlic powder (T4). Feed intake, body weight, weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), carcass yield were not significantly (p>0.05) improved by dietary treatments compared to control. Escherichia coli (E. coli) count in the gut of broilers did not show significant difference among dietary treatments. However, lactobacilli count in the gut of broilers significantly (p 0.05) with each other. It was concluded that thyme seed was reliable as feed additive in the broiler diet and could provide positive advantages to the colonization and proliferation of lactobacilli.


I manage to visit Nepal just about every year, usually these days for only about three weeks and usually during the monsoon. I was last there in June/July this year and I was struck by the great ch...


The present invention relates to a highly functional image file, a device for editing the same, and a viewer device therefor, wherein the highly functional image file is configured to include not only an image, but also text information related to the image and to highly compress the image and the related information using a high-efficiency compression scheme according to a new algorithm, considering the increase in data capacity resulting from the additional text storage, such that the information delivery characteristics are substantially improved while reducing the burden on the file capacity; the text information is not operated individually with regard to the file, as in the case of a meta service, but is subordinate to the file and is operated as a single file, thereby making it possible to provide the same service in different environments; the viewer program interworks with a JAVA engine such that, even if the user does not separately install a dedicated viewer program, viewing is made possible in every web site, thereby facilitating application and utilization to other web sites and services; communication information regarding a preset server is stored directly in the file, and, when the viewer program is driven (called), utilization information (propagation and viewing paths, propagation and viewing positions, degrees of viewing and exposure, etc.) is transmitted using the communication information stored in the file, thereby substantially improving the management efficiency and enabling creation of various values through application of the utilization information; and, when the user makes a connection using the URL address stored in link information regarding each of specific areas, the viewer program transmits connection conformation data to the server, which corresponds to the communication information stored in the file, to inform that a connection to the corresponding link has been established, thereby further improving the management efficiency.


Serverless computing offerings from cloud providers have gained significant traction in recent years due to the advantages that these platforms bring with their flexible pricing models, built-in scalability, and minimal operational requirements. In a recent survey of serverless use cases, we found a wide variety of applications that depend on these services, including implementing the core functionality at the backend of mobile applications, automating the DevOps tasks of complex distributed applications, real-time processing of IoT streaming data, and scientific applications. To properly support these applications, the platforms should be fast, self-managing, and provide support for diverse QoS requirements. As a result, novel improvements to serverless platforms are rapidly being proposed and adopted. Evaluating these solutions necessitates application-based, workload-aware benchmarking tools that the community can rely on. This talk addresses these challenges and our research efforts on tackling them, presenting a performance engineering perspective about the current state and future challenges of serverless computing research. I will describe our solutions in autonomic resource management for serverless platforms, focusing on solutions that improve performance or reduce costs via scheduling, caching, and right-sizing of resources, along with our ongoing efforts in developing an application-driven serverless benchmark.


This paper uses the PHOENICS software to discusses a screen set mode's influence on the indoor mechanical ventilation, then calculated face wind speed, air temperature, air age and PMV. And analyzes the comparison of data, therefore concluded a reasonable way of setting screen in the office building.


I am extremely grateful to the three commentators for their instructive and challenging criticisms and for giving me the opportunity to make my position more plausible and, where it is bound to remain controversial, clearer than it is in my book.1 In doing so, I will sometimes be concerned simply to clear up what I consider to be misunderstandings on the part of my commentators, in full awareness that my own lack of clarity or emphasis may well have contributed to them. This I take to be worthwhile in its own right, but especially for the sake of locating more precisely the issues where real disagreement exists and facilitating useful engagement on these issues. As the line between these tasks is seldom sharp, clarification often merging imperceptibly into substantive engagement, I will for the most part not attempt to keep an arbitrary separation between them.


In this paper, we prove the existence of an isometric embedding near the origin in R3 of a two-dimensional metric with nonpositive Gaussian curvature. The Gaussian curvature can be allowed to be highly degenerate near the origin. Through the Gauss-Codazzi equations, the embedding problem is reduced to a 2 × 2 system of the first order derivaties and is solved via the method of Nash-Moser-Hörmander iterative scheme.


Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) potentially offers great convenience to prolong the lifetime of energy-constrained nodes in wireless networks. This paper considers multiple-relay network that incorporates SWIPT where the Base Station (BS) communicates with the user through the help of multiple single-antenna relays. A relay beamforming and energy harvest design is proposed to maximize the probability of the Signal-to-Noise-Ratio (SNR) of the user larger than a pre-defined threshold while not violating the power constraint of relays and guaranteeing the energy of the user received from probabilistic perspective. Then, we use S-lemma transform probabilistic-constrained problem into non- probability. An iteration-based algorithm is devised to solve this problem. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, which can achieve better tradeoff between the power consumption of relays and the user's SNR.


Diode lasers are used in dentistry mainly for oral surgery and disinfection of root canals in endodontic treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate and to improve the laser induced bacteria inactivation in endodontic treatment. An essential prerequisite of the optimization of the irradiation process and device is the knowledge about the determinative factors of bacteria killing: light intensity? light dosis? temperature? In order to find out whether high power NIR laser bacterial killing is caused by a photochemical or a photothermal process we heated bacteria suspensions of E. coli K12 by a water bath and by a diode laser (940 nm) with the same temporal temperature course. Furthermore, bacteria suspensions were irradiated while the temperature was fixed by ice water. Killing of bacteria was measured via fluorescence labeling. In order to optimize the irradiation of the root canal, we designed special fiber tips with radial light emission characteristic by optical ray tracing simulations. Also, we calculated the resulting light distribution in dentin by voxelbased Monte Carlo simulations. Furthermore, we irradiated root canals of extracted human teeth using different fiber tip geometries and measured the resulting light and heat distribution by CCD-camera and thermography. Comparison of killing rates between laser and water based heating shows no significant differences, and irradiation of ice cooled suspensions has no substantial killing effect. Thus, the most important parameter for bacterial killing is the maximum temperature. Irradiation of root canals using fiber tips with radial light emission results in a more defined irradiated area with minor irradiation of the apex and higher intensity and therefore higher temperature increase on root canal surface. In conclusion, our experiments show that at least for E. coli bacteria inactivation by NIR laser irradiation is solely based on a thermal process and that heat distribution in root canal can be significantly improved by specially designed fiber tips.


This paper aims to derive the equivalent power-form representation for the Toda oscillator, which describes the intensity fluctuations of Nd:YAG lasers. A two-scale dimension transform is introduced to study the transient fractal response of Toda oscillator. Numerical simulations indicate that for increasing values of the fractal exponent [Formula: see text], the frequency of the Toda oscillator increases.


The problems related to the choice of the spinorial basis in the j 0 0 j representation space are discussed. This choice is shown to have a profound significance in the relativistic quantum theory and for physical applications. From the methodological viewpoint, this fact is related to the important dynamical role which the space-time symmetries play for all kinds of interactions.


The emergence of model organisms that permit the application of a powerful combination of genomic and genetic approaches has been a major factor underlying the advances that have been made in the past decade in dissecting the molecular basis of a wide range of biological processes. However, the phylogenetic distance separating marine macroalgae from these model organisms, which are mostly from the animal, fungi, and higher plant lineages, limits the latters' applicability to problems specific to macroalgal biology. There is therefore a pressing need to develop similar models for the macroalgae. Here we describe a survey of potential model brown algae in which particular attention was paid to characteristics associated with a strong potential for genomic and genetic analysis, such as a small nuclear genome size, sexuality, and a short life cycle. Flow cytometry of nuclei isolated from zoids showed that species from the Ectocarpales possess smaller haploid genomes (127–290 Mbp) than current models among the Laminariales (580–720 Mbp) and Fucales (1095–1271 Mbp). Species of the Ectocarpales may complete their life histories in as little as 6 weeks in laboratory culture and are amenable to genetic analyses. Based on this study, we propose Ectocarpus siliculosus (Dillwyn) Lyngbye as an optimal choice for a general model organism for the molecular genetics of the brown algae.


Objective To evaluate the safety and clinical effectiveness of uterine artery embolization using high heat-pressure-treated gelatin sponge particles alone for symptomatic uterine fibroids. Methods Uterine artery embolization using self-made high heat-pressure-treated gelatin sponge particles alone were performed in 253 patients. The safety and the improvement of symptoms and the changes of tumor size were observed after the procedure. Results All patients were followed up in 3-36 months. The rate of clinical symptom improvement was 93.28% and 98.81% at 4 and 12 months after embolization respectively; the median sizes of fibroids decreased by 58.32% and 64.93% at 6 and 12 months after embolization respectively. During the follow-up period, 6 (2.37%) women complained of permanent amenorrhea. Conclusion Uterine artery embolization using high heat-pressure-treated gelatin sponge particles alone as embolic agent is economical, safe and effective.


We report the direct detection of cold HI gas in a cloud ejected from the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) towards the Magellanic Stream. The cloud is part of a fragmented shell of HI gas on the outskirts of the SMC. This is the second direct detection of cold HI associated with the Magellanic Stream using absorption. The cold gas was detected using 21-cm HI absorption-line observations with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) towards the extra-galactic source PMN J0029$-$7228. We find a spin (excitation) temperature for the gas of $68 \pm 20$ K. We suggest that breaking super shells from the Magellanic Clouds may be a source of cold gas to supply the rest of the Magellanic Stream.


This paper addresses the large and growing problem of identifying business enterprises for which a 'Going Concern Opinion' (GCO) might be appropriate, and the means by which such decision are reached. Changes in corporate financial health, as they relate to the management and auditor assessment regarding the requirement for issuing a GCO, are fraught with challenges. However, by defining and applying 'Bright Line' methodology, material changes in corporate financial health may be made on a prospective basis. This determination should assist the auditor in making a GCO decision.


BackgroundThe treatment of bone-exposed wounds with artificial dermis is not widely accepted in burn patients because of uncertain clinical results. This article aimed to review our clinical experience with this technique. MethodsWe implanted artificial dermis in 11 bone-exposed burns. Implantation was directly performed on bones with periosteum, whereas bones without periosteum were trephinated or burred before implantation. All wounds were closed by secondary skin grafting. ResultsThe mean patient age was 49 years. Lower extremity is the most common site of bone exposure. The mean bone exposed area was 55.6 cm2, whereas the mean Integra-implanted area was 86.7 cm2. The overall implant take rate was 91%, and the skin grafting success rate was 80%. No secondary breakdown was noted after a 2-year follow-up. ConclusionsThis study confirms that artificial dermis can be an alternative treatment tool for burns with exposed bones, especially in patients with limited donor sites.


This note describes a composite window design which will allow visual or photographic observation and permit ir irradiation of test materials simultaneously in an ultrahigh vacuum system. The uhv compatibility has been ascertained by irradiating the sealant materials with a CO2 laser while monitoring desorbed species with a quadrupole mass spectrometer.


AbstrActPineapple juice obtained from pine-apple ( Ananas comosus ), variety smooth cayenne, was concentrated by freeze concentration which was carried out at different temperatures (-15°, -20°, -30° and -40oc). Juice separation from the ice-concentrate phase was carried out by centrifugation using stainless steel centrifuge tubes. Physicochemical de-terminations were carried out on the fresh and freeze-concentrated juice which included thermophysical prop-erties such as density, viscosity, ther-riAssuNtOil succo estratto dall'ananas ( Ana-nas comosus ), varieta liscia cayenne, e stato concentrato tramite concentra-zione per congelamento effettuata a diverse temperature (-15°, -20°, -30° e -40oc). La separazione del succo dalla fase concentrata ghiacciata e stata ef-fettuata per centrifugazione utilizzan-do tubi per centrifughe di acciaio inox. Le determinazioni fisico-chimiche, ef-fettuate sul succo fresco e sul succo concentrato per congelamento, com-prendevano le proprieta termofisiche


Abstract:  CD44 is a multistructural and multifunctional glycoprotein, the diversity of which is generated by alternative splicing. In this communication we review some aspects related to CD44 structure and function in experimental autoimmune inflammation, focusing on research performed in our own laboratory. We have found that CD44 targeting by antibody, passively injected into DBA/1 mice with collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) and NOD mice with type I diabetes or actively generated by CD44 cDNA vaccination of SJL/j mice with autoimmune encephalomyelitis, markedly reduced the pathological manifestations of these diseases by attenuating cell migration of the inflammatory cells and/or by their apoptotic killing. However, genetic deletion of CD44 by knockout technology enhanced the development of CIA because of molecular redundancy mediated by RHAMM (a receptor of hyaluronan‐mediated motility). The mechanisms that stand behind these findings are discussed.


A young man with paraplegia is able to stand for several minutes and take steps using voluntary movements in response to direct electrical stimulation of the lumbosacral spinal cord, a US research group has reported.

The 23 year old had paraplegia from a C7-T1 subluxation as a result of being hit by a motor vehicle in July 2006. He showed complete loss of clinically detectable, voluntary motor function but partial preservation of sensation below the T1 cord segment.

Three years after the incident he began locomotor training sessions designed to retrain spinal cord networks to coordinate the movements necessary for standing and walking.

After 170 training sessions over 26 months, a 16 electrode array was surgically placed on the patient's dura mater across cord segments L1-S1, and spinal cord stimulation was provided during further training sessions for periods of up to four hours. The patterns of stimulation were designed …


This essay studied the relation between investment banks reputation and the behavior of changing in use of IPO fund by listed companies.The conclusion told us: the two factors show obviously negative relationship.It means the possibilities and degree about the behavior IPO fund changing are usually small among high reputation investment banks.This research also proved the better effect of guarantee recommend system in China.


ABSTRACT We describe the diet and prey selectivity of lean (Salvelinus namaycush namaycush) and siscowet lake trout (S. n. siscowet) collected during spring (April–June) from Lake Superior during 1986–2001. We estimated prey selectivity by comparing prey numerical abundance estimates from spring bottom trawl surveys and lake trout diet information in similar areas from spring gill net surveys conducted annually in Lake Superior. Rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) was the most common prey and was positively selected by both lean and siscowet lake trout throughout the study. Selection by lean lake trout for coregonine (Coregonus spp.) prey increased after 1991 and corresponded with a slight decrease in selection for rainbow smelt. Siscowet positively selected for rainbow smelt after 1998, a change that was coincident with the decrease in selection for this prey item by lean lake trout. However, diet overlap between lean and siscowet lake trout was not strong and did not change significantly over the study period. Rainbow smelt remains an important prey species for lake trout in Lake Superior despite declines in abundance.


Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of some plant extracts they are-Curcuma longa, Cinnamomum tamala, Ocimum tenuiflorum, Azadirachta indica, Datura stramonium, Zingiber officinale, Punica granatum and Cinnamomum cassia against Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli.
Methods: The evaluation of antibacterial activity for different extracts of each plant was carried out by using the disc diffusion method and by pouring technique to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).
Results: In the disc diffusion method the plant extracts showed zone of inhibition ranging 02.0 to 16.0 mm against bacteria and In pouring technique plant extracts showed positive control against pure culture of a bacterium and their efficiency in terms of MICs where ranged from 0.2 gm/ml to 0.8 gm/ml. The extracts of Curcuma longa and Cinnamomum tamala shown high efficiency then other plant extracts in terms of zone of inhibition and also in pouring technique less amount of extracts was inhibited the growth of bacteria.
Conclusion: This study indicates that extracts of these plants have antibacterial activity against bacteria. This report supports their use in the treatment of infections caused by bacteria.


Vocabulary is one of the greatest challenges facing the classroom teacher. This is not a new challenge as it is one which teachers have tried through the years to provide techniques to benefit their students. If a teacher is not able to guide his/her students to have the knowledge or power of words that student will not be able to be successful in today's world. Guiding students to master words specific to a discipline such as math is not as simple as just memorizing.


We investigate the role of financial factors in the estimation and dynamics of the U.S. output gap over more than a century. We propose a highly parsimonious semi-structural model which produces qualitatively similar dynamics and quantitatively comparable levels and gaps to the U.S. Congressional Budget Office output gap model (Shackleton (2018)). Allowing for time-varying effects of financial factors significantly improves real-time estimates of the output gap. Three major insights follow. Credit dynamics are the primary drivers of the observed financial crisis albeit with different conduits over the century: the stock market in 1929 and the housing market in 2008. Accounting for credit growth, U.S. potential output has been steadily growing at roughly 2% since the beginning of 1980. Long-run TFP levels and dynamics are closely linked to observed variation in potential growth.


ABSTRACT A transportation model is presented for determining the best mix of biomass resources to provide minimum total delivered cost at a site and any size utilization facility at the site. Model inputs include the regions from which the biomass is taken, the geographic centers of the regions, the spatial coordinates of the region centers and the site, collection costs and transportation costs for each type of biomass delivered, and the preferred basis (cost per unit energy or cost per unit weight) for determining the best resource mix. Output from the model is a ranking of regions and biomass types to minimize the average total unit delivered cost of biomass at the site. The model is useful in comparing alternative sites, selecting the optimum size of a utilization facility, or determining which mix of biomass is best used at a site. The model can be applied to any geographic region where sufficient data is available to describe location and quantity of crop residues or other biomass materials.