Let M be an n-dimensional differentiable manifold of class C°° and T*M its cotangent bundle, which is a 2n-dimensional differentiable manifold. The problem of extending structures on M to T*M has been the subject of a number of papers. An account of these can be found in Yano and Ishihara [12]. Starting from a torsion-free linear connection on M, Patterson and Walker [5] have shown how to construct a metric on T*M, a process which they called the Riemann extension. Using the Riemann extension, Yano and Patterson [13, 14] have defined the complete and horizontal lifts of linear connections on M to T*M. On the other hand, Tondeur [8] and Sato [7] have constructed a metric on T*M from a metric on M, the construction being the analogue of the metric of Sasaki for the tangent bundle TM [6]. When a linear connection is given on M, we may view T*M as an almost product manifold. Linear connections on an almost product manifold have been studied by Walker [9], Yano [10] and Davies [2], among others. In the present paper, we shall further consider the metrics and connections on T*M mentioned above, bringing in the general theory of linear connections on an almost product manifold whenever possible. In this way, the relations between the various metrics and connections become clearer, and we obtain a new linear connection on T*M, namely the intermediate lift, which, in some sense, lies somewhere between the complete and horizontal lift. Refering to the "adapted frames" on T*M, we have computed the components of the curvature tensors of the various linear connections on T*M, as well as that of their covariant derivatives. Similar considerations to the metrics and connections on the tangent bundle TM can be found in the papers of Davies [2] and Yano and Davies [11]. In fact, our intermediate lift is the cotangent bundle analogue of the connection V on TM appearing in [2, §4]. As to notations and definitions, we shall generally follow that in [12]. In particular: 1) Indices α, b, c, ••• h, i, j, ••• have range in {1, •••, n}, while indices A, B, C, ~ λ, μ, v, ~ have range in {1, •••, n n+1, •••, 2n}. We put f— n+i. Summation over repeated indices is always implied. Entries of matrices are written


In this work, we present a model for the phenomena of collective decision-making in social insects, using an n-dimensional system of differential equations. We perform a complete stability analysis for a special case in the model, and present numerical simulations to illustrate the behaviour of the model in the more general case. The analysis shows that up to a range of values of the parameters in the model, distinct processes of decision-making in the social insects could be modelled by the same mathematical equations. Finally, use the analysis of the mathematical model to discuss possible improvements in the performance of ant algorithms, presenting preliminary results.


Thank you for downloading reading comprehension books and strategies for the elementary curriculum. As you may know, people have search numerous times for their favorite books like this reading comprehension books and strategies for the elementary curriculum, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some malicious bugs inside their computer.


This paper presents a novel algorithm for summing a set of 2's complement numbers in parallel. The 2's complement addition is converted to an equivalent parallel summation of unsigned numbers. The conversion is performed by simply complementing all the sign bits. Only a few constant bits are required for sign correction. This algorithm is suitable for computer-aided design (CAD) of custom VLSI.


One of the constraints in manufacturing of sub-ranging ADCs with high ENOB, is a necessity to provide that the internal components have very small offsets. Application of readily available solutions consisting in designing "large" components or using dynamic offset cancelation techniques, increases die size and power consumption. The paper proposes an alternative approach free of these unwanted consequences. There are developed and analyzed three methods of reduction of the influence of offsets on the performance of adaptive sub-ranging ADCs that do not require any changes in the structure of their analog part, varying in whether and where the offsets are compensated. On the basis of the results of simulation analysis, we recommend the latter of the examined methods as most preferable in all conditions, enabling elimination of the influence of offsets to the extent depending on the accuracy of their postproduction measurement and representation in the digital part of the converter. Its application allows improvement of achievable ENOB and significant weakening of the requirements to offsets of the internal components and, in effect, reduction of power consumption and manufacturing costs of the adaptive sub-ranging ADCs.


This article deals with comparing the heating comfort of a heating system with radiators and underfloor heating. The result is a comparison of the microclimatic parameters of thermal humidity and visualization of these parameters in the room using the ComfortSense device from Dantec. The device, in combination with its own software, creates a 3D visualization of the measured object. With the help of illustrations we can better observe the differences for mostly convection heating with radiator and underfloor heating with a significant proportion of radiant heat. The graphic layout combined with the indoor air temperature scale describes both horizontal and vertical temperature gradients. Temperature gradients are local factors of thermal comfort and require the lowest value from the heating system. Similarly, the airflow velocity shows us the direction of airflow in the interior. Combined with other factors of thermal comfort, the software will evaluate the quality of the environment. At present, many investors can influence the comparison of environmental quality when choosing a heating system. Underfloor heating is now increasingly popular, but radiator heating has a lower price. The result of this article is the difference in the quality of the environment we get for a more expensive system.This article deals with comparing the heating comfort of a heating system with radiators and underfloor heating. The result is a comparison of the microclimatic parameters of thermal humidity and visualization of these parameters in the room using the ComfortSense device from Dantec. The device, in combination with its own software, creates a 3D visualization of the measured object. With the help of illustrations we can better observe the differences for mostly convection heating with radiator and underfloor heating with a significant proportion of radiant heat. The graphic layout combined with the indoor air temperature scale describes both horizontal and vertical temperature gradients. Temperature gradients are local factors of thermal comfort and require the lowest value from the heating system. Similarly, the airflow velocity shows us the direction of airflow in the interior. Combined with other factors of thermal comfort, the software will evaluate the quality of the environment. At present, many inv...


which is itself not a density. This conclusion is usually based on a heuristic argument since the likelihood is infinity for this f. In order to get around these problems, a modification of MLE is often used. One such modification is the introduction of a penalty functional in the definition of likelihood. Another is the restriction of the allowable estimators to a subspace of an appropriate space of densities. Both of these methods are described by Tapia and Thompson (1978). Another approach, based on "sieves," is described by Grenander (1981) and Geman (1981). In this work we shall consider one such sieve based on a two-sided exponential distribution. We obtain a closed form expression for the MLE in this case which we show to be consistent. This basic result allows us to consider two other modifications of the MLE. One will restrict the space of allowable densities while the other will enlarge the space to include expressions such as (1.1).


The Eastern Partnership (EaP) is a relatively recent form of the EU's engagement with its Eastern neighbours, although it is firmly placed in the existing frameworks of cooperation. Initiated as a restatement of the EU's commitment to diffusing shared democratic values, it confronts a distinct degree of democratic backsliding in the region. The EU's rediscovery of civil society as an instrument to curb such troubling developments is commendable. Yet it is crucial that civil society involvement in reform goes beyond being a mere procedural requirement and strives towards genuine ownership. In order to achieve this, the definition of civil society needs to be inclusive and derived from the local political context. A more individualised approach to forging relations with countries in the region is a positive sign, but it can only come to fruition if it is accompanied by a substantive rethinking of the logic of the EU's assistance. The proliferation of tracks and venues of cooperation that the EaP brings about requires a better justification for the allocated funding and more in terms of its synergy with existing programmes for and in the region.


This abstract aims to present the project CARE. Often, urban areas must pump water resources to cover various aspects of the growing urban water demand and as a strategic resource at specific times (e.g., droughts). These considerations lead one to wonder whether urban groundwater can be safely used, including its potential use as drinking water because urban aquifers usually contain a wide range of pollutants (e.g., heavy metals, nutrients, pathogens, and organic contaminants). Currently, there is a growing interest for the contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) (i.e., pharmaceuticals, personal care products, illicit drugs, etc.,) because most of them are not included in the watch lists of priority pollutants due to existing regulatory gap. Moreover, even detected at trace levels (ng/L-µg/L), they might pose ecological risk such as interference with the endocrine system of high organisms, microbiological resistance, accumulation in soil, plants and animals and, the effects of CEC mixtures are assumed to have unforeseen consequences on ecosystems.

Since CECs reach groundwater environment, their attenuation occurs mainly through microbial degradation because adsorption is reversible and only retards the contaminants’ transport. Moreover, although the long residence time of water in aquifers might result in strong attenuation of some CECs, others are persistent in urban groundwater. This requires appropriate understanding of all the processes that control the fate of CECs at field scale but, so far, most research is conducted at the laboratory scale, which misses potential synergetic effects associated with the heterogeneous and complex hydrochemical conditions that are inherent in urban aquifers. Considering the raising demand of secure freshwater and the concurrent increase of CECs use, understanding the factors that most influence their efficient removal in urban aquifers are of paramount importance to assure adequate protection of human health and the environment.

In this context, the main objectives of CARE are to: (1) identify the most suitable conditions that contribute to the natural bioremediation of selected CECs in urban groundwater at field scale and (2) propose and develop solutions for the sustainable management of urban groundwater resources by means of numerical modelling facilitating the decision making and improving its management. A suitable area for CARE is the pilot zone of Sant Adria del Besòs (Barcelona, Spain) because there is a huge amount of urban groundwater is routinely pumped (6 Hm3/y) and discharged into the sewage system. Moreover, our previous investigations have demonstrated the presence of a wide range of CECs in this aquifer reaching concentrations up to 2 µg/L. The main outcome of CARE  will be an integrated method for urban groundwater management using monitoring, measuring and modelling approaches that will support improved decision-making to ensure the long-term availability of water resources to the water authorities. This method can be applied in other urban aquifers.


The rubber modified polystyrene resin composition with high gloss and impact resistance according to the present invention is prepared by (i) polymerizing a solution consisting of about 80 to 95% by weight of styrene (A) and about 5 to 20% by weight of polybutadiene rubber (B) with a clay material at a temperature of about 90 to 150° C. in a first reactor so as to disperse at least two different sizes of polybutadiene rubber particles in the matrix of polystyrene, and (ii) inputting the resulting solution of the step (i) to a second reactor being kept at about 130 to 180° C. to terminate the polymerization.


Today, organizations use digital applications to enhance their HR operations, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Many organizations compete to improve business performance as well as having a competitive advantage in their business areas. The business strategic plans depend on business' facts and data that support these plans. HR analytics promises to provide evidence-based initiatives, data-driven decision making, prioritize the impact of HR investments and enhance the business value and performance. This study tries to gain insights into the reasons for not using HR analytics among Saudi HR professionals to enhance business performance and maintain a competitive advantage. It uses the descriptive survey research design. This paper focuses on the individual-level adoption of HR analytics by human resource professionals. The main objective of this paper is to understand the importance of HR analytics and to gain insight into the barriers that affect the full implementation of HR Analytics among Saudi HR professionals. The total population used in this study is 168 HR professionals who work in the Dairy Products Manufacturing Companies in Saudi Arabia. The primary data used in this study collected through the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) questionnaire, which was sent through the work's official email, WhatsApp, and LinkedIn to the target sample. The study finds positive relationships between HR analytics adoption and the other factors. Also, the results show the main barriers that affect the implementation of HR Analytics by Saudi HR Professionals.


Background  Given that there are variations in clinicians' reasoning, methods to elaborate scoring checklists for standardised patient‐based assessment need to be valid. The use of data elicited by experts solving problems independently has been advocated as a method of setting performance standards.


The flow field of a turbulent jet emerging from a straight round pipe into a laminar crossflow is investigated by means of large eddy simulations. The concentration of a passive scalar, introduced with the jet, is calculated in order to quantify the mixing of the jet and the crossflow. In the jet, swirl is introduced by means of body forces and a range of jet swirl numbers from S = 0 up to S = 0.6 is studied. The impact of the jet swirl on the flow field, on the coherent structures, and on the mixing efficiency is investigated and quantified by means of various analyses. It is found that for all swirl numbers larger than zero a clear asymmetry appears in all quantities studied. Additional to the two hanging vortices at both sides of the jet a third vortex is introduced by the swirling pipe flow which interacts with the former. This feature is described in detail as it is not mentioned in the literature. For the strongest swirl investigated a recirculation zone near the jet exit is observed. Despite the asymmetry and even with a recirculation zone at the outlet, the counter-rotating vortex pair still exists in all cases in the downstream flow, where it entrains a large amount of crossflow fluid into the jet. The near field, however, is altered by the jet swirl in several respects. The jet more and more approaches the bottom wall with increasing swirl. As a result, the entrainment is gradually attenuated due to the larger blocking of the secondary flow by the wall. Increased swirl increases both the turbulent kinetic energy in the pipe and the vorticity of the average flow field near the jet exit, and thus stimulates the mixing in these regions. However, this stimulating effect is overwhelmed by the closer position of the jet trajectory to the wall of the channel with increasing swirl, which in turn reduces entrainment of fresh crossflow fluid into the jet. As a final result of these two competing effects, the overall mixing efficiency of a jet into a crossflow is merely unchanged with the addition of swirl. Various mixing indices, both spatial and temporal, are used for this analysis. Their respective advantages and disadvantages are discussed and detailed illustrations provide a sound understanding of their behavior.


This paper mainly investigates the regenerative damper (RG damper) from three aspects. In the first part, the author introduces the structure of regenerative damper, analyses the advantages and disadvantages of three types of current regenerative suspension and proposes a novel regenerative damper structure. In the second part, it firstly reviews the control problem of RG damper and proposes a new problem, then summarizes its control characteristic. The third part is about the dynamic modeling of the regenerative damper with rotary motor. In this pat, it firstly points out the modeling problem in previous literatures and then derives its complete dynamic model for regenerative suspension.


By applying the algebra properties of the matching polynomial,the authors prove the factorization theorem of matching polynomial of a few kinds of graphs.Furthermore,the structure characteristics of their matching equivalent graphs of the graphs are obtained.


Objective: To analyze the trauma caused by bike falls. Setting: Second level health care hospital. Design: Prospective, observational, and longitudinal study. Patients and methods: We studied patients with lesions due to bike falls that were admitted to the emergency room and hospitalized between December 1998 and December 1999, we excluded those cases in which a motorized vehicle had been involved. We analyzed: gender, age, circumstances of the accident, intoxication of the lesioned, location of the lesions, and whether they used preventive measures. Results: A total of 97 patients were admitted with lesions caused by bike falls (not run over), of which 40 were drunk. There were 78 men and 19 women. The most frequent lesions were fractures of the face bones and long bones, with 12 and 15 respectively. There were 148 wounds, hospital stay was of one day in 74 patients, two days in 17, and more than three days in six. Eighty-five patients were discharged from the hospital due to improvement, four patients died, and eight were voluntarily discharged. Conclusion: Lesions due to bike falls are relatively frequent (2 per week), mostly caused by lack of skills (56%). Drunkenness plays a very important role, since 41% of the patients drove the bike while intoxicated with alcohol.


ABSTRACT Controversial issues have been raised regarding the use of plastic mulches, as they can have a destructive effect on agricultural production systems and because of the reliance on fossil fuels for the manufacturing. Investigating the use of organic materials as alternatives to black plastic mulch is thus crucial to enhance both the productivity and the sustainability of agricultural systems. A field experiment was carried out in three years, assessing the efficacy of several organic mulch materials, in comparison with black plastic mulch, for suppressing weeds in tomato production. The results showed that, mulching with shredded date leaves + sawdust, had the highest inhibiting impact in reducing the total weed density by approximately up to 31.3 weeds m-2 at 70 days after transplanting in all three years. The highest marketable yield of the tomatoes was obtained for plants grown with shredded date leaves + sawdust mulch in 2015, 2016 and 2017. Additionally, mulching with coco fibre, sawdust, wheat straw + sawdust, corn residue + sawdust and wood chips + sawdust resulted in similar values for marketable yield as the black plastic. The results revealed that shredded date leaves + sawdust could be a practical alternative to the use of black plastic in the production of processing tomatoes. The use of wheat straw + sawdust, barley straw + sawdust, rice straw + sawdust, corn residue + sawdust, coco fibre + sawdust, sawdust and especially coco fibre, as replacements for black plastic, would be rational options when there is no access to shredded date leaves + sawdust.


Simulation results have shown a perspective of application of approach for the radar object (RO) form evaluation with use of genetic functions when aperture synthesis realizes a small angle base of surveillance. The accuracy of the object form evaluations increases with the decrease of sounding pulse duration and increase of the distance between the receivers. Application of a suggested scheme of coordinate determination for this aim allowed us to obtain the object form evaluations when the receiving system base is 10 m. Influence of measuring noise on the accuracy of approximation and determining of coordinates makes it necessary to increase the signal/noise ratio, e.g. owing to the increase of the radiated signal power. Besides, the accuracy of the RO form evaluation will increase and processing velocity will decrease when adding new genetic functions. A search of optimum composition of genetic functions is a significant task.


The irradiation preservation of Nanfeng citrus by \+\{60\} Co- rays was studied. The results showed that the optimum irradiation dosage for preserving Nanfeng citrus was 50100 Gy. The irradiation at this dosage not only could maintain citrus quality and fresh appearance, but also had not bad effects on citrus main nutrient composition, such as total sugar, total acid, soluble solids and vitamin C. The method of irradiation preservation was cheap and easy to utilize, and was worth spreading in commercialization preservaton of Nanfeng citrus after being picked.


The non-destructive Meyer method was evaluated to determine the bark volume of beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) stands in north of Iran. The sample size was 185 standing trees collected from 4 geographical aspects (north, south, west and east) aspects. The constant k values and bark thickness (2e mm) of 185 standing trees were used to calculate the bark volume by the Meyer method. In this study, 40 trees were randomly selected from among the felled trees and analyzed for evolution of non-destructive Meyer method. As a result, 668 diameters and 1236 bark thicknesses were measured out of 40 felled trees. The bark volumes were calculated by non-destructive Meyer and sums of integration methods. The results indicated no significant differences in volume estimates based on two methods (P = 0.816, two-tailed test), There were no significant differences in Levene's test for equality of variances between the two methods (P=0.576, two-tailed test). The bark volume variations were significantly different in the geographical aspects. Results of this study can be important for silvicultural planning and natural forest management.


It has been proposed that inclusion of complex carbohydrates in the diet may increase the production of bacterially synthesized folate impacting the folate concentration of colonocytes. Folate has been extensively studied for its potential colorectal cancer risk‐lowering effects. The aim of this study was to investigate whether reciprocal dietary switch between African Americans (AA, usually with low carbohydrates intake) and Native Africans (NA, usually with high carbohydrates intake) affects the production of colonic folate. Colonic evacuants were obtained from 20 NA and 20 AA at baseline. Thereafter, NA were provided with a typical AA diet (protein 27%, fat 52%, carbohydrate 21% and fiber 12g/d) for two weeks. AA were provided with a typical NA diet (protein 14%, fat 16%, carbohydrate 70% and fiber 55 g/d) for 2 weeks. Colonic evacuants were again collected. The folate in evacuants was measured by microbial assay. There was no difference in colonic folate concentration (FC) or total folate content (TF) of NA and AA at baseline. The dietary intervention did not affect the FC (1.3±1.2 vs 1.3±1.2 µg/mL [pre vs post]) or TF (2261±2017 vs 2157±1956 µg/d) in the NA group. However, the high complex carbohydrate, low protein intervention diet consumed by AA resulted in higher FC (1.5±1.3 vs 2.3±1.3 µg/mL; p=0.0003) and TF (2197±2483 vs 3107±1811 µg/d; p=0.0037) compared to baseline. In conclusion, introduction of a high complex carbohydrate, low protein diet resulted in higher production of colonic folate.


The aim of this outline is to investigate the consequences of viscous dissipative self-gravitational collapse in non-static spherically symmetric geometry by adopting a Misner–Sharp approach in the...


ABSTRACT Recent collection sites for Artemia sp. in saltworks and natural brackish ponds in Sardinia, Italy, are listed. They are: Carloforte, Sant'Antioco, Cagliari Spiaggia, Simbirizzi, Sale Porcus, and su Pallosu. All the reported populations are bisexual. Among the numerous natural ponds inspected, in only three the brine shrimp Artemia sp. was found sympatric with another anostracan, Branchinella spinosa. The two species partially coexist in the adult form and seem to be separated by salinity tolerance levels. As to the remaining ponds, the recorded salinity values suggest the possibility of colonization by Artemia sp., in spite of its absence at the time of the survey.


Model performance and sensitivity to model physics options are studied with the Weather Research and Forecasting model (version 3.1.1) over Delhi region in India for surface and upper air meteorological parameters in summer and winter seasons. A case study with the model has been performed with different configurations, and the best physics options suited for this region have been, determined. Comparison between estimated and observed data was carried out through standard statistical measures. Generally, the combination of Pleim-Xiu land surface model, Pleim surface layer scheme, and Asymmetric Convective Model has been found to produce better estimates of temperature and relative humidity for Delhi region. Wind speed and direction estimations were observed best for MM5 similarity surface layer along with Yonsei University boundary layer scheme. Nested domains with higher resolutions were not helpful in improving the simulation results as per the current availability of the data. Overall, the present case study shows that the model has performed reasonably well over the subtropical region of Delhi.


Rainfalls flow along the hypsography of the earth's surface,and valley elements such as the valley lines,catchment areas and naturally.Formed watersheds the research on the digital simulation of flow paths on the earth's surface is important for the digital watershed hydrological analysis.This paper puts forward the concept of the digital flow paths model by which we can get the flow path of any raindrop on the earth's surface.The contour lines and spaces are measured by the distance transformation of map algebra,and a method of building the digital flow paths model with the contour maps is advanced in the paper.The experiment result shows that the calculation of flow directions and flow paths can avoid the effect of the DEM elevation errors since the flow direction is calculated with distance transformation instead of D8 algorithm.Compared with the existing methods of the digital hydrological analysis,the method excludes the complex step of identifying and treating the depressions or flats in DEM.The model takes contour maps as original data and it can be availably applied in the extraction of valley lines,the delineation of catchment areas and the generation of watersheds.


Brain-Computer Interface (BCI), sometimes called a direct neural interface or a brain-machine interface (BMI), is a direct communication between the brain and an external device. BCIs are often designed to help increase or repair cognitive or human sensomotor functions. Brain-Machine Interfaces (BMI) or Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI), also known as neuro-prostheses, are conceived as technological interfaces between a host (typically a computer) and a user's brain. It should allow the use to perform a specific task, usually without performing any motor action. This implies that nerve impulses generated by the user's brain are detected, processed and used by the machine, almost in real time, to perform defined tasks. As an example, information can be processed and used to control mechanical systems (e.g. actuators) or electrical devices (eg electronic devices). It is now very difficult to read the neuroimaging of the brain computer interfacing the human brain. There are several studies that describe the methodology of doing so, but not enough, which leads us to a deliberative study of various brain imaging methods of reading on the human brain's computer interface. This article includes several types of brain imaging methods for the Human Brain (H-BCI) computer interface.


The characteristics of barker code in the group synchronization code and the principle of barker code identifier was described. The specific method of generating barker code was given. And a simulation schematic of Barker code generation and identification based on SystemView was given. Simulation results have proven the feasibility and validity of the barker code identifier.


Nature has evolved computing engines whose intelligence and natural abilities are unrivaled by modem computers. To match Mother Nature's abilities, we must overcome the same difficulties faced by natural systems, and we must learn to perform reliable computing with unreliable components. Steps in this direction are being taken by several groups at the Applied Physics Laboratory and at The Johns Hopkins University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering. The purpose of the work is twofold: (1) to explore algorithms based on physical and neural models of computation and (2) to develop useful applications. We describe the basic approach and an experimental electronic neural network for the decompression of one-dimensional signals.


Transporting vibration is a major cause of bruising damage in apples. In this study the potential of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique to predict bruise volume of apple was evaluated and a prediction model for bruising apple in transport condition (by truck) was developed. For this purpose, firstly significant or non-significant effects of transport vibration parameters (frequency and acceleration) and fruit properties (mass, curvature radius, acoustical stiffness) on bruising of apple in transport condition was investigated and the parameters that have significant effects identified. This parameters were considered as input variables in the develop model. In the second stage, by using of these input variables a multilayer perceptron (MLP) network trained and prediction model was developed. Results indicated that the model with 5-7-1 instruction, sigmoid transfer function in hidden layer and linear transfer function in output layer with 40000 epochs gives the best correlation between predicted and actual values, with correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9998 and 0.9996 in training and testing phase, respectively. It can predict the bruise volume with acceptable root mean-squared error (RMSE) of 4.21. Also a regression model for prediction with correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9996 was developed. These results indicated that the Artificial Neural Network technique could potentially be used to predict apple bruising in transport condition.


I analyze a sample of contracts for the acquisition of technology by Spanish firms, where I observe firm and technology characteristics, as well as the type of scheduled payments, whether fixed and/or variable. I find first that technology type influences the chances of the parties reaching an agreement, and second, that the explanations for observed payments based on moral hazard or risk aversion alone are not satisfactory. I argue that all these theories fail to take into account the fact that the contractual relationship is extended along time and that the parties will choose the kind of payments that better estimate the value of the relationship.


The object of the present paper is to describe the research activities on reentry aerodynamics in recent years. As an introduction, the sounding rocket programme of the University of Tokyo is reviewed briefly. In the part of theoretical studies, (a) the optimum re-entry trajectory, (h) deformation of nose cone by sublimation, (e) supersonic base pressure, (d) quantum mechanics of dissociating gas, (e) non-equilibrium flow in the nose region of a blunt body and (.1) coupling effects of radiation and dissociation in a stagnation-point flow are discussed. In the second part of the paper, experimental facilities and some results are described, namely (a) hypersonic wind tunnels, (h) gun tunnels, (e) ablation tunnel and (d) electro-magnetic shock tube are included. Finally, the problems which are remaining unsolved and the progress of the studies in the future are discussed. Some characteristics of the researches of re-entry are emphasised.


Introduction: Fractures of the distal femur are complex injuries that pose a challenge to the orthopaedic surgeon. It constitutes about 7 % of all femoral fractures. It usually occurs during high energy trauma in younger patients and frequently are associated with concomitant injuries. In contrast, elderly patients with severe osteopenia might sustain solitary distal femoral fractures from minor trauma such as a simple fall. Despite advances in implants, much confusion exist regarding choice of implant. Method and Material: we conducted a prospective randomized study from 2017 to 2019 in which, analysis of 30 patients was done out of which 15 cases were treated in each group with follow-up at 6,12,24 weeks. Muller classification was used to grade the fractures, taking type A1-3 in inclusion criteria and type B, C under exclusion criteria. Results: KOOS scoring was used to evaluate final outcomes which demonstrated that in RN group, 2 cases were excellent, 7 cases were good, 6 cases were fair, while in LP group: 1 case was excellent, 6 cases were Good and 8 cases were fair and 1 case was poor. Over 80% of fractures under RN and LP healed within 6 months with average time being 21.0 weeks (range 12 to 28 weeks) in RN and 23.03 weeks (range 12-32 weeks) in LP group. Conclusion: Both retrograde IM nailing and LCP plating may be adequate treatment options for distal femur fractures. Early healing, increase range of movement, less average surgical time, more complications are seen in nailing compared to plating but are statistically insignificant, the reason for these results is mostly due to simple fractures treated by nailing and complex ones by plating. No significant differences in outcome between implants regarding fracture healing, non-union were found for both the techniques. However, both procedures need correct preoperative planning and adequate surgical experience so as to avoid revision surgery.


The Nanqu Rhyme book,Revised Edition of Zhong Zhou Complete Rhymes,is created by Zhou Ang in the Qing Dynasty. The "Zhi Ru"Rhyme is considered to be an extreme southern form of the system of Zhong Yuan Yinyun. Senior scholars had discussed the nature of it superficially. This paper,based on the relevant rhyme books,rhyme tables and text data,re- examines the the nature of the"ZhiRu"Rhyme,and differentiate problem from the initials of"Zhi、Zhang and Zhuang". It is believed that the vowel of "Zhi、Zhi、Zhi"and "Yu、Yu"in ZhiRu Rhyme are to be supplemented by shift process"、y",of which the initials of "Zhi、Zhang"and "Zhuang"are still different.


Aims. In this paper we report calculations for energy levels, radiative rates, collision strengths, and effective collision strengths for transitions in Fe XVI. Methods. For energy levels and radiative rates we have used the General purpose Relativistic Atomic Structure Package (grasp), and for the compuations of collision strengths the Dirac Atomic R -matrix Code (darc) has been adopted. Results. Energies for the lowest 39 levels among the $n \leq 7$ ($\ell \le 4$) configurations of Fe XVI are reported. Additionally, radiative rates, oscillator strengths, and line strengths are reported for all electric dipole (E1), magnetic dipole (M1), electric quadrupole (E2), and magnetic quadrupole (M2) transitions among these levels. Electron impact excitation collision strengths have also been calculated for all 741 transitions among the above 39 levels over a wide energy range up to 220 Ryd. Resonances have been resolved in the threshold region, and effective collision strengths have been obtained over a wide temperature range up to 10 7  K. Comparisons are made with the available results in the literature, and the accuracy of the present results is assessed.


The article discusses modern theories of a discourse of mass communication and analyses various approaches to discourse studying in a domestic and foreign science. Postmodernist and sociological concepts of discourse are studied. Interdisciplinary characteristics of discourse are identified; the problem of political discourse of mass communication is formulated. The discourse ontology as a scientific category and as an applied toolkit applied by mass media in the course of socialization of an individual is analysed.


The Democratic Party (Demokraticka strana - DS) was a member of the previous Slovakian government and having been a small but self-confident liberal-conservative party, it had been setting the reformist pace of the entire government. The article below employs Arendt Lijphart's account of the ideological dimensions of party conflicts to frame the analysis of the party programmatics, with a special attention to the pre-election period of the year 2002. The paper also includes a brief discussion of the Democratic Party's position within the Slovakian political system, mainly with regards to the discrepancy between its important role as an active member of the previous government and its popularity among Slovakian voters, which has dropped to 1% over the last few years and resulted in the Democratic Party's decision not to take part in the September's parliamentary election. The author concludes that such type of a political party could prove indispensable to a country in post-communist transition period that still has to undergo a good number of social, economic and legal reforms.


This study has been carried out to design environment friendly membranes prepared by an immersion method with bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) as a template, and chitosan (Ch) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as functional entities for high bacteriostasis and hydrophilicity, respectively.
 The BNC-Ch0.5-PVA membranes have more pronounced pores and looser three-dimensional structure than those of BNC, and the surfaces of the composites prepared with more Ch obviously became flatter and denser, observed using a scanning electron microscope. The Young's modulus and tensile
 strength of wet composite membranes decreased following Ch and PVA incorporation. Lower thermal stability and crystallinity index of composite membranes were observed than those of BNC. The composite BNC-Ch0.5-PVA2 membranes possessed much better hydrophilicity than pure
 BNC. The composites exhibited noteworthy antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus compared to pure BNC which has no antibacterial ability. These results indicate that BNC-based composite membranes show excellent performance, especially a remarkable
 swelling capacity and bacteriostatic ability, and are claimed to be effective in various applications such as medical treatment as a wound dressing.


Mycolic acids (MAs) are highly hydrophobic long‐chain α‐alkyl β‐hydroxy fatty acids present in the cell wall of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) as a complex mixture of molecules with a common general structure but with variable functional groups in the meromycolate chain. In this study, we addressed the relationship between the MA molecular structure and their contribution to the development of T‐cell immune responses. Hereto, we used the model antigen ovalbumin and single synthetic MAs, differing in oxygenation class and cis versus trans proximal cyclopropane configuration, as immune stimulatory agents. Subcutaneous delivery of liposome‐formulated MAs with a proximal cis cyclopropane elicited antigen‐specific Th1 and cytotoxic T‐cell immune responses, whereas intratracheal immunization elicited pulmonary Th17 responses. These immune stimulatory activities depended not only on the cis versus trans proximal cyclopropane configuration but also on the MA oxygenation class. Our study thus shows that both the presence and nature of the functional groups in the meromycolate chain affect the immune stimulatory adjuvant activity of Mtb mycolates and suggests that Mtb bacilli may impact on the host protective immune response by modulating the cis versus trans stereochemistry of its mycolates as well as by altering the oxygenation class of the meromycolate functional group.


Jon Cohen's articles on the vaxgen hiv vaccine ("AIDS vaccine trial produces disappointment and confusion," News of the Week, 28 Feb., p. [1290][1]; "Vaccine results lose significance under scrutiny," News of the Week, 7 March, p. [1495][2]) raise concerns about the reliability (or lack of


Objective To investigate morphological changes of retina in the Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats with the onset and development of retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Methods The RCS rats with inherited retinal dystrophy were divided into 3 groups: an initial stage group (RCS 15 d), a mid-stage group (RCS 30 d) and an advanced stage group (RCS 90 d) according to the severity of degeneration (n=5 animals in each group). These were compared with RCS-rdy+p+ rats without retinal degeneration (control groups, C 15 d, C 30 d, C 90 d). One retina of every animal was prepared for retinal slices and stained using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) method (The contralateral retina was prepared for other experiments). The thickness of outer segments (OS), outer nuclear layer (ONL) and inner nuclear layer (INL) was measured by MIAS-1000 image analysis system under light microscope. Results Photoreceptors of RCS rats were degenerated progressively. At late stage of retinal degeneration the structures of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors layer were disorganized, but the morphology of inner nuclear layer and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) layer appeared normal. Compared with control groups, the breakdown of RPE caused a piling up of OS membranous disc photoreceptors of RCS rats with the onset and development of RP, and ONL thinning. However, INL was thickening in RCS 30 d, 15 d, and 90 d groups as compared with control groups. Conclusion The morphology of each layer neurons of retina in RCS rats remains change discordantly with the onset and development of RP. The thicker INL of retina in RCS rats in mid-stage group is possibly related with the reactive hyperplasia of cell processes and retinal morphology remodeling, which is resulted from lacking of signal input of fore-level neurons in retina INL.


Cold Roll Bonding (CRB) is recognized as an industrial technique in which the metal sheets are joined together in order to produce laminate metal composites. In this technique, a metallurgical bond resulting from severe plastic deformation is formed between the rolled metallic layers. The main objective of this paper is to analyse different factors which may affect the bond formation in rolling processes. To achieve this goal, first, an interface model is employed which describes both the bonding and debonding. In this model, the bond strength evolution between the metallic layers is calculated based on the film theory of bonding. On the other hand, the debonding process is modelled by means of a bilinear cohesive zone model. In the numerical section, different scenarios are taken into account to model the roll bonding process of metal sheets. The numerical simulation includes the modelling of joining during the roll bonding process followed by debonding in a Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) peeling test. In all simulations, the metallic layers are regarded as elastoplastic materials subjected to large plastic deformations. Finally, the effects of some important factors on the bond formation are numerically investigated.Cold Roll Bonding (CRB) is recognized as an industrial technique in which the metal sheets are joined together in order to produce laminate metal composites. In this technique, a metallurgical bond resulting from severe plastic deformation is formed between the rolled metallic layers. The main objective of this paper is to analyse different factors which may affect the bond formation in rolling processes. To achieve this goal, first, an interface model is employed which describes both the bonding and debonding. In this model, the bond strength evolution between the metallic layers is calculated based on the film theory of bonding. On the other hand, the debonding process is modelled by means of a bilinear cohesive zone model. In the numerical section, different scenarios are taken into account to model the roll bonding process of metal sheets. The numerical simulation includes the modelling of joining during the roll bonding process followed by debonding in a Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) peeling test. In ...


The purpose of this paper is to ascertain whether cluster-based strategies for SMEs could result in the enhancement of competitiveness in an environment of a developing nation, with a primary objective of examining the use of a cluster approach as a tool for sustainability – particularly for a low-technology textile cluster. Building on extensive literature dealing with SME clusters and cluster-based strategies, the paper identifies the determinants and variables for SME cluster sustainability in philosophy and policies. The paper builds upon and links together research about collective efficiency in small-industry clusters and literature about entrepreneurial environments, the significance of cluster policy and intermediaries, trust, and the acquisition of technological capabilities in context to low-technology textile clusters of an emerging economy. The paper identifies the different advantages that commonly occur in a typical cluster and then examines the ways in which these advantages may boost competitiveness, resulting in sustainability. Theoretical insight from the literature about clustering, agglomeration advantages, skill, trust, and competitiveness in developing and advanced economies is examined in order to make the assessment. Subsequently, solutions for the future have been proposed by means of a conceptual framework. Generation of hypotheses for further empirical validation are proposed.


the advancement of computer technology used for research is creating the need to change the way classes are taught in higher education. "bringing research tools into the Classroom" has become a major focus for the software tools for academics and researchers (star) team at MIt. the star developers collaborate with faculty researchers to help solve the problems of moving computational tools used for research into the classroom. In the first two years of the program's existence, the star team has implemented software to bring high-performance computing (hPC) into material modeling courses, built software for protein structure visualization and hydrological analysis of watersheds, repackaged genomics software for analyzing microarray data, and provided the development environment and computational resources necessary for teaching parallel programming. the goal of this work is to make research software and data easily accessible to students and their faculty in a package that not only promotes use in the classroom, but also creates a path for unscripted discovery. this paper presents five star software packages that are currently being used in MIt classrooms. a star software package is considered successful if it enables bringing new topics into the classroom that previously could not be taught.


The ecological transition requires the transformation of consumers' practices. However, for this transformation to occur, consumers must first be aware of the impacts of their practices. This article aims to understand how such awareness is achieved, through the study of textile materials in clothing. The analysis of 21 interviews conducted twice reveals the stages of the awareness process of textile materials. Reflection (moving from lived experience to representations) and then disadaptation (events creating a discrepancy between reality and representations) lead to conceptualization, from which the ethical issues involved gradually emerge. The first level of awareness concerns the impacts of textile materials on the durability of clothing. The second level concerns their impacts on the living world. These results, which fall within the scope of Transformative Consumer Research, provide guidelines to support changes in consumers' practices toward a more ethical consumption.


The rapid automatic naming (RAN) task has been widely used in studies of reading acquisition and found to be reliably related to reading achievement. This study addressed the basis for this observed relation, providing new empirical evidence and an analysis of the RAN task within a computational model of word recognition in reading (Seidenberg & McClelland, 1989). The contributions of RAN, verbal ability, and phonological awareness to the prediction of phonological and orthographic skills from the 1st to the 2nd grade were examined. Both RAN (digits and letters) and phoneme awareness accounted for independent variance in later reading scores, even when vocabulary and prior reading skill were entered 1st in the regression analysis. RAN was a stronger predictor than phoneme awareness for 3 tasks in which orthographic information is critical (orthographic choice, word-likeness judgment, and exception word pronunciation), whereas the opposite held true for nonword reading and paragraph comprehension. The read...


By the analysis of the composition,property and the weldability test of 904L stainless steel,the appropriate welding operation and welding material were determined.The welding process was studied,which is applied to the manufacture pressure vessel of 904L austenite stainless steel.It achieves satisfactory results.


The Teachings of Sylvanus, a text from the Nag Hammadi Library, suggests a pun between Greek and Egyptian on the concept of the logos tomeus (word as sharp as the edge of a sword). I want here to show that this concept, mostly developped by Philo of Alexandria, was used by the different cultures present in Roman Egypt.


form of the disease is characterised by microabscessations in the brainstem, (Jubb and Huxtable 1993). In llamas, however, the lesion appears to manifest as suppurative meningitis (Van Metre and others 1991). In the present case, the llama not only had suppurative meningitis, but also revealed multifocal acute necrotising splenitis. The llama showed abnormal neurological signs after surgery, and it may be that the surgical procedure led to septicaemia and localisation of the bacteria in the meninges. However, the meningeal changes seen on histopathological examination


Abstract. For a quadratic matrix polynomial, the distance to the set of qu adratic matrix polynomials which have singularities on the unit circle is computed using a bisectio n-based algorithm. The success of the algorithm depends on the eigenvalue method used within the bisection to detect t h eigenvalues near the unit circle. To this end, the QZ algorithm along with the Laub trick is employed to compute th anti-triangular Schur form of a matrix resulting from a palindromic reduction of the quadratic matrix polynomia l. It is shown that despite rounding errors, the Laub trick followed, if necessary, by a simple refinement procedure makes the results reliable for the intended purpose. Several numerical illustrations are reported.


Years in the making, Stephen Burnett's monumental work of scholarship is a tour de force that will be of enormous use to scholars of early modern Europe. Burnett's book thoroughly investigates theworld ofChristianHebraismduring theReformation era. His aim is to explain the exponential growth in the market for Christian Hebraist books in that period; to identify Christian Hebraist authors, their printers, and their collectors; and to examine the effect that press controls had on the dissemination of Christian Hebraist texts. While books have been written about individual Christian Hebraists, no book in recent years has been devoted to the relationship between Christian Hebraism and the Reformation. Burnett's book does precisely this and in doing so sheds light on theway confessional differences affected Christian Hebraist scholarship. Roughly two thousand Christian Hebraist imprints were published between 1501 and 1660. By identifying these books, their authors, printers, and publishers, Burnett has been able "tomap theworld of ChristianHebrew scholarship with its centers and peripheries" (6). Such a map tells us what kinds of Jewish learning were considered "useful" knowledge for Christians. Burnett's conclusion that Christian Hebraism moved steadily northwards after 1560 as Reformation controversies intensified may come as no surprise, but the detailed evidence he provides to support this claim has wider implications for Reformation scholarship in general and for the history of European Jews and Jewish-Christian relations. Before 1560 Protestant and Catholic Hebraists communicated with each other and often worked with Jews who taught them Hebrew and helped with the printing of Christian Hebraist works. After the Council of Trent (1545– 1563), however, such confessional fluidity became ever more difficult, and with the publication of the first Roman Index of Prohibited Books in 1559 Christian Hebraists were increasingly trained and worked in different religious environments. As Jerome Friedman pointed out in The Most Ancient Testimony: SixteenthCentury Christian Hebraism in the Age of the Renaissance (1983), the growth of Christian Hebraism led somewhat paradoxically to diminished collaboration between Christians and Jews, a conclusion supported by Burnett. In his first chapter, "The Birth of a Christian Hebrew Reading Public,"Burnett argues that the Reformation provided the catalyst that jump-started Christian Book Reviews


The booming of three-dimensional (3D) land use brings a change of the connotation of land rights, which will expand "flat" 2D land legislation with 3D land legislation. The legal issues of urban underground space for 3D objects in large cities around the world have been attracting more and more attention. A supportive legal framework is crucial for underground space utilization in a country. This paper analyzes the present 173 representative laws and regulations of urban underground space utilization and management of China from 1998 to 2018, and attempts to interpret the current laws and regulations of underground space from four aspects; by quantity, spatial distribution, legislative force and content. The result shows that poor legal framework of urban underground space in China, including low-level of legislative force, disunity of local legislation standard and absence of special statutes and regulations, are the main reasons causing ownership disputation, registration chaos, as well as no unanimous judicial practice. To address these issues, the paper refers to a case study for underground space legal framework in Japan and aims to form a set of top-down unified legal framework, including basic law, special statutes and regulations, as well as supplementary policies and documents of urban underground space, and proposes that the underground space planning should be incorporated as one essential portion of the master planning in China. By studying the legal system of underground space in Japan and China, this study may offer better insight for those conducting UUS legal framework research as well as serve as reference for countries with similar legal issues.


Analytical Marxism,as a new theoretical trend,rises in America and Britain and other countries.Unlike classical Marxism,the school focuses on normative political philosophy which defends socialism from the perspective of morality.Analytical Marxism has made the deep analysis of current workers'condition,advocating the egalitarian political philosophy,which makes Marxists recognize the relationship between historical materialism and political philosophy more profoundly,and provides a theoretical premise of understanding the complete Marxism.


The research endeavours in higher education are foc ussed on learning outcomes of students which serve as quality indicators of education inst itutions in the process of educational attainment. The teaching learning process in higher education differs from school education on the account of more focus on critical thinking; transmission of knowledge towards applicability and skill development so as learners become productive contributors to social and economic development. Moreover, previous academic performance in the qualifying examinations plays a crucial role in selecting a pa rticular course of study, may be academic or professional and further, varying courses demand different learning strategies from learners. Since, learning is a situational phenomen on, learners need to adapt themselves and modify their strategies as well in order to achieve goals according to the situational demands by appropriate means. This contributes to development of self regulatory skills among students. Adolescents often enter university with f irmly established study habits, some of which are inappropriate for higher education. With this scenario around, adolescents are confronted by different challenges when they enter into college/university life but at the same time they have many aspirations that are reflective of their talents and interests. This paper attempts to study the scope of self regulated learn ing in conflicting situations which students face once they enter into higher education.


Dorling D and Tomlinson S (2019) Rule Britannia: Brexit and the End of Empire. London: Biteback Publishing. Parker I (1992) Discourse Dynamics: Critical Analysis for Social and Individual Psychology. London: Routledge. SAGE (2020) British Rule in India: Description, Sage Publications Website: Available at: https:// uk.sagepub.com/en-gb/eur/british-rule-in-india/book266244 (accessed: 16 January 2020).


The article presents information on the sealing and expungement of criminal records. The widespread practice of sealing or expunging criminal and delinquency records is a failure. Despite the good intentions of its proponents, it does not provide the relief in tended and actually does harm, frequently, by the hoax it plays upon ex-offenders and the general public. The whole approach requires re-examination. Basic social values are involved; this is a matter of conscience, not merely convenience. It includes more than simply the concealment of offender records. Review is timely because there is a growing concern about the way a record handicaps an offender. Furthermore, correctional practice, in general, is being closely questioned and re-evaluated today. Certainly the traditional mishandling of the record should be among the first aspects of practice to be challenged. Record sealing and expungement have been accepted casually and extended uncritically over the years, prospering in a rosy glow of good intentions and expediency, with little attention to evaluation of results. There are few court decisions and attorney-general opinions dealing with the subject. Definitive law is absent because the subject matter has rarely been litigated upward. Extant litigation is scanty and inconclusive; appeal decisions are rare. KEYWORDS: Juvenile justice; juvenile delinquency


In the transverse sections of rice grain in 21 var. studied, the depth of the ventrilateral, centrilateral and dorsilateral grooves varied between 1-18, 2-28 and 6-88 mum, resp. In the grains of any one var. the depth of the centrilateral grooves was equal or larger than the depth of the ventrilateral grooves and always smaller than the depth of the dorsilateral grooves. Photovolt reflectance values as a measure of whiteness indicated that the deeper the grooves the greater the requirement for bran removal during milling to attain a required whiteness. It was shown that milling breakage could be substantially reduced if shallow grooved var. are used.


The objective of this study is to analyse the situation of water access in the state of Yucatan, Mexico. This state is characterised by an abundance of groundwater to which the population have access. Yet despite this abundance, there are still many households that do not have access to enough quality water in their homes. In this paper the water situation in Yucatan is described based on official data referring to the United Mexican States. The aspects described in this study are water management, accessibility, usage, and geographic and meteorological conditions. Additionally, this paper delves deeper into the understanding of several variables considered primary in this research, such as water access, quality and the time required to collect it, by using data from an original survey. The case of Yucatan is unique in Mexico owing to its geographical features and the abundance of groundwater. Although access to water is almost universal in this state, it is proposed that the quality of this resource must...


【Objective】 In view of the scale effect problem resulted from the slope extraction based on low resolution Digital Elevation Model(DEM),this paper introduced a method which can rationally re-scale the low resolution slopes.【Method】 The fractal property of the topography and the theory of variogram demonstrate that slope is a function of the spatial resolution and the fractal dimension of a DEM,and by re-scaling the slopes we obtained a low resolution DEM based on the model experiments in Xiannangou Basin,and evaluated the accuracy of the re-scaled slope.【Result】 This paper concludes that within 0.2-1.0 times original resolution slope range,the re-scaling results of 100 m,50 m and 25 m resolution slope are similar to the slopes based on high resolution DEMs,in both slope value and slope spatial distribution,and the best re-scaling slope extent is 0.2-0.25 times of original resolution slope.【Conclusion】 It is shown that the method provides theoretical support for slope scale problems,and has a significant meaning in perfecting slope transform methods.


We performed a pump–probe optical reflectivity measurement with an applied uniaxial strain for bulk single crystals of BaV10O15 at room temperature. We found that with a compressive strain of ΔL/L ...


M. S., a woman, aged 31, a single, white American schoolteacher, was admitted to the medical service of the Massachusetts General Hospital, Feb. 11, 1931, because of pain in the legs and difficulty in walking of seven weeks' duration. She had always been well except for asthmatic attacks recurring in the fall since childhood and a left mastoidectomy in 1928. Since the age of 18 she had been obese and had been troubled with superfluous hair on the face. Seven weeks before admission, she noted pain extending from the feet up to the hips, worse on standing or walking. The pain soon became severe enough for her to stop work and enter a local hospital, where she was studied without a diagnosis. Three weeks later the pain was worse but involved only her lower legs. It was noticed at this time that she walked with a stiff gait and with


The [O II] λ3727 emission lines and absorption features from stellar Balmer and Ca H and K lines are the most accessible kinematic diagnostics in galaxies at z ∼ 1. We investigate the kinematics of 22 local late-type galaxies using these spectral features, and we compare the results with 21 cm neutral hydrogen spectra in order to assess the utility of each diagnostic for measuring galaxy masses. In order to simulate data at high redshift, where only one-dimensional velocity profiles are normally available, we study spatially integrated, as well as spatially resolved, spectra. Although the studied galaxies span a wide range of morphological types, inclinations, and star formation rates, we find that the gaseous and stellar kinematic tracers yield comparable kinematic line widths and systemic velocities. The [O II] and H I line widths correlate most strongly, showing an intrinsic dispersion of ∼20 km s-1, or ∼10% for a typical galaxy with a kinematic width of 200 km s-1. In a few extreme cases, the [O II] line widths underestimate the neutral hydrogen width by 50%. Reliable velocity widths can also be obtained from the stellar Balmer and Ca H and K absorption lines, even for some of the very late type galaxies that have strong emission lines. The intrinsic dispersion is ≤10% between the stellar absorption and H I line widths. We provide a prescription for using these strong stellar absorption and [O II] emission features to measure the kinematics, and thus masses, of galaxies in the distant universe.


Comments to: email@example.com The performance of high resolution imaging with large optical instruments is severely limited by theatmospheric turbulence. Adaptive optics offers a real time compensation of the turbulence. The correction ishowever only partial and the long exposure images must be deconvolved to restore the fine details of the object.The "myopic" deconvolution scheme is briefly presented. This approach takes into account the noise in theimage, the imprecise knowledge of the point spread function (PSF), and the available a priori information on theobject (spatial structure, positivity...). The effect of seeing variations on the PSF estimation is discussed. Besides,a specific edge preserving object prior is proposed for the application to planetary-like objects.The performance of the myopic deconvolution is illustrated on images of solar system objects recorded withthe ONERA adaptive optics bench installed on the 1.52m telescope at Observatoire de Haute Provence.Key words: adaptive optics, atmospheric turbulence, deconvolution, image restoration, inverse problems, as-tronomy.


This article presents an overview of tax incentives and summarizes state tax incentives aimed at stimulating investments in recovery or reprocessing of recovered materials. Although the effectiveness of investment tax incentives for recycling is still being analyzed, the paper industry will likely benefit through reduction in capital costs. Many states have implemented tax incentives because they believe society will benefit from higher employment, reduced disposal of materials in landfills, and reuse of those materials. invest in equipment and facilities that use more recovered materials in the production process must be based on sound economics. In the long run, the benefits of a capital investment must outweigh the costs. For the paper industry, the initial costs alone can amount to millions of dollars.


Danthonia popinensis is a recently discovered, nationally endangered tussock grass, originally known from only one roadside population
at Kempton, Tasmania. Six populations have been recorded, all from flat land with mildly acid non-rocky soils, and all in small toadside
or paddock remnants, badly invaded by exotic plants. However, one site has recently been destroyed through roadworks. The species
germinates best at temperatures of 10°e, indicating a winter germination strategy. Autumn burning at Kempton resulted in an increased
cover of D. popinensis two years after the burn, but also resulted in an increased cover of competitive exotics. The future of the species needs
to be secured by ex situ plantings, as almost all of its original habitat has been converted to crops or improved pasture.


Tamper-evident closure apparatus for internally pressurized containers includes a closure provided with a mechanism for venting the internal pressurized gas upon initial unsealing of the container and a tamper-indicating device adapted to be acted upon by the vented gas to indicate that an initial unsealing of the container has occurred. The tamper-indicating device may be, for example, chemically activated to change colors when acted upon by the vented gas or may be mechanically activated so that venting of the pressurized gas causes a visibly apparent disruption, distortion or the like to indicate initial unsealing of the container.


The seven facetiae by Poggio Bracciolini, or Poggio the Florentine, are a peculiar presence in the vernacular versions of the fables of Aesop which began with the compilation assembled by Heinrich Steinhowel and translated by him into German. Recent discoveries have enabled us to get closer to the Aesopus texts which Caxton translated, including some of the facetiae. He translated no fewer than 23 works into English, mainly from French, but a few from Latin and Dutch. Most of Caxton's sources were unidentified manuscripts which are probably no longer extant. Caxton stated in the beginning of his Aesop that he had translated it from the French 'in the yere of oure Lorde M. CCCC. lxxxiij', and at the end the colophon date is 26 March 1484. The translation of the four facetiae which Caxton added to the Steinhowel compilation is more interesting, and it obviously offered Caxton much amusement.Keywords: Aesopus texts; Caxton; Heinrich Steinhowel; Latin facetiae; Poggio Bracciolini


Scan compression technology combines the expected responses from multiple scan chains to be observed at fewer scan outputs. As a result unknowns (Xs) in the test response interfere with the good values that could be observed. Prior to this paper, Xs in the test response were treated as bad for compression and solutions either removed, bypassed, or blocked the Xs from interfering with the other responses. In this paper we show that some X scan be added to improve test compression quality of results. The trade-off between improved observability due to simultaneous clocking of interacting clock domains is played against the reduced observability caused by the Xs in the response due to race conditions. In this paper we show that when the inter clock domain Xs are added but limited, the gains achieved by adding the Xs far exceeds the losses in bringing together the Xs with other observes in scan compression.


A method to search experimentally for superconducting cosmic strings with a symmetry-breaking mass scale near the electroweak scale is described. Strings in the Galaxy act as scattering centers because of their coherent and bounded magnetic field, and thus contribute to the diffusion of galactic cosmic rays. The rigidity dependence of the string-induced diffusion coefficient is very specific. This allows us to search for superconducting strings in a fairly model-independent way by studying the diffusion properties of low-energy galactic cosmic rays. Particle emission by galactic strings near the electroweak scale is also discussed. Although the very model-dependent γ-ray emission from galactic strings near the electroweak scale would not have been detected up to now even under favorable conditions, it might be within the reach of forthcoming experiments


Objective To observe the clinical effects of caudal epidural injection on patients with low back pain and radicular leg pain.Methods All 196 patients with low back pain and radicular leg pain were randomly divided into two groups,98 cases in the experimental group received the caudal epidural injection,while 98 patients in the control group did not receive any treatment.All patients received the assessment of Verbal Pain Score(VPS) and the Oswestry Disability Index(ODI) score before injection and one week after injection.Results All patients in the experimental group had different degrees of improvement after the treatment,the VPS and ODI were better as compared with those before treatment,the differences were statistically significant(P=0.00007;P=0.0008);The patients in the control group had no obvious improvement,the difference in ODI and VPS was no statistically significant(P=0.36;P=0.35).Conclusion The caudal injection can obviously relieve the pains of patients and improve their quality of life.So this safe and simple method should be widely applied to the patients with low back pain combined with radicular leg pain,and should achieve a better clinical efficacy.


More than 80% of the material movements, except raw materials, between Japan and its trading partners are conducted today in the containerized mode. In recent years, the marine transportation sector has been undergoing very rapid and multifarious changes, due to the alliances between shipping companies, introduction of larger ships as a cost reduction measure and the application of integrated logistics to satisfy the needs of customers. However, many shipping companies tend to avoid calling at Japan's ports due to the inadequate terminal facilities and other services, insufficient channel depth, inefficient handling and the high cost of port fees and dues. In the first report, we presented an evaluation method of the container handling efficiency of terminals conducted by a Petri net model of the container terminal operations for numerical simulations. In this paper, a high-density system for integrated container handling at a next generation terminal is proposed for solving those defective points and a practical simulation is attempted using the evaluation method presented in the first report. Further evaluation on the possibility of a high-density system for integrated container handling is attempted by the evaluation-decision model based upon multi-criteria objectives.


Measurements of gill filaments and secondary lamellae are described in order to provide fundamental information about the gill area of the yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata in relation to its growth. The measurements were carried out on 28 yellowtail ranging in weight from 4.3 to 1117g, which were divided into seven stages of growth. Analyses of the allometric relationship between the parameters of filaments and body weight were made in comparison with those of the carp. From the measurements of epithelial layer in the secondary lamellae, diffusing capacity of the gills was estimated with the aid of the Fick equation. Total gill area per unit fish was obtained in relation to body weight as shown in formula of Y=2290X0.686, (r=0.989). Gill area per unit body weight is great in the early stage of growth, but after stage IV no remarkable changes in gill area are found as a results of growth. Gill area per unit body weight was about 366 mm2/g. In comparison with those of other species, it is supposed that the yellowtail is placed somewhere at the lower end of the group of fast swimming fish.


Welcome Welcome to the Postgraduate Combinatorial Conference 2012 at the University of War-wick! The PCC has always been the best place for postgraduates in combinatorics to get to know one another. That's why it's great to see so many of you here representing universities from around the world. We'd also like to welcome our four excellent invited speakers (in order of appearance): Professor Internet access is available in your room. Remember to bring a network cable if you want to use this. Alternatively, you can buy one from Rootes Reception. If you have an eduroam account, you can use that while in the maths department. Meals 1. Breakfast (for those with accommodation) is served in Rootes Restaurant (apart from those staying in Radcliffe, who will get breakfast in Radcliffe Restaurant) 2. Lunches will be in the Undergraduate Common Room in the Mathematics Institute (Zeeman Building) 3. Dinner on Wednesday is in Radcliffe House from 18.00. 4. The barbecue on Thursday is in the Staff Common Room (Room 103 on the first floor) in the Department of Computer Science (next door to the maths department). Food will be served from 18.00, with drinks from 17.30.


Negligence of a driver or a sudden stop of a forward vehicle can cause rear-end collision. In this paper, we propose a new situation assessment algorithm to determine collision probability to prevent the rear-end collision. The proposed algorithm consists of two phases: coarse assessment and fine assessment. In the coarse assessment, the algorithm selects a target vehicle with the highest possibility of collision by using fuzzy logic. In fine assessment, it determines collision probability based on a statistical approach considering driving maneuvers; it models the driving maneuvers to enable the driver to operate the vehicle in conditions toward the collision and calculates the collision probability as the ratio between the total driving maneuvers and the driving maneuvers in possible collisions. To reduce the simulation time complexity, we adapt a neural network. Since there exist variance of widths for different vehicles, we also apply neural network ensemble to cope with the variance. Numerical evaluation of the proposed method is provided through simulations and practical tests.


Influenza may pave the way for some specific bacterial infections. In this case study we present a rare complication of influenza A infection – periorbital cellulitis followed by streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and scarlet fever. A 4-year-old otherwise healthy girl presented with her mother to a general practitioner with fatigue, irritability and fever not responding to antipyretics. Due to the positive rapid influenza diagnostic test, treatment with oseltamivir was implemented. The Quick Strep Test was negative. During the following days, the patient's condition worsened, leading to an admission to a paediatric otolaryngology unit. Doctors observed an asymmetrical swelling of the lids with exophthalmos of the right eye, pharyngitis, petechiae in skin folds, a strawberry tongue and skin exfoliation on the lips. The patient was treated with intravenous broadspectrum antibiotics (cefotaxime, vancomycin) and underwent drainage of sinuses, without any significant improvement. On the following day, the girl showed signs of systemic infection, confusion and further swelling of both eyes, and therefore was moved to an intensive care unit. Computed tomography of the head showed signs of periorbital cellulitis with destruction of the surrounding bones. After obtaining a positive blood culture for group A streptococcus, penicillin and clindamycin were immediately administered. The patient's condition improved within 24 hours. The described case emphasises the importance of yearly influenza vaccination, especially in the groups with risk factors like very young age. Early diagnosis of the streptococcal infection as a complication of influenza and a targeted treatment may prevent the potentially fatal outcome in the form of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome.


We investigate the integrated cross section for forward {ital J}/{psi} production in proton-proton and pion-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies up to 60 GeV. We find that color-octet contributions to the cross section are crucially important, and their inclusion produces a very good description of the data. Since the values of nonperturbative matrix elements are fixed by other experiments, these predictions are parameter-free. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}


Postmodern perspectives and justice, Peter Murphy feminism and pragmatism, Richard Rorty law, music and other performing arts, J.M. Balkin and Sanford Levinson postmodern temptations, Robert Post babel - A She'ur, Richard Hyland the problem of the subject, Pierre Schlag objects of property and subjects of politics -intellectual property laws and democratic dialogue, Rosemary J. Coombe postmodernism/feminism/law, Dennis Patterson what is a postmodern constitutionalism?, M. Balkin postmodern constitutionalism as materialism, Francis J. Mootz III the big fear - law confronts postmodernism, Alan Hunt.


A method of joining a flat panel display with an IC device having a sensor for detecting the temperature of the IC device and the determination unit, based on the determination signal to the monitor IC is mounted. Infrared for IC, or an anisotropic conductive adhesive film is heated to increase productivity. Or a film containing the above materials with the color change of the temperature of the organic material. Sensing with the adhesive material or film, conductive particles crush or deformation degree detecting portion and the determination section, with the determination signal to the pressurizing unit performs feedback control. In the adhesive material or film of a predetermined notch so as to adjust its position observed from the rear surface sensor IC. Thereby improving the mounting accuracy and reliability.


The innovations afforded by Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), including the Internet, have led to a series of changes in business models and in how organizational processes are performed. New paradigms succeed, leading to discontinuity of solutions that had recently been consolidated and generating new opportunities for optimization processes. This article will analyze the technological convergence phenomenon, generated by the rapid progress of ICT, it causes in various areas of knowledge input technologies that were once only the service of the Information Systems. The case will be considered the "Company X", organization of the fuel sales sector and derivatives, and has extensive industrial park, it is marketed and distributed products for all Brazil. Built in the 1970s, the company uses supervisory systems since the 1990s and has been undergoing a revitalization of its automation solutions, benefiting from new technologies coming of ICT. With the increased robustness of automation systems, the company is getting integrate shop floor processes to enterprise systems, creating opportunities for business improvement with the inclusion of a layer in the architecture of Information Systems.


With the increasingly intense competition in the market, more attention has been paid to customer's perceptual requirements. Combining human sensibility and technology, Kansei Engineering plays a crucial role for industrial designers in making decisions at an earlier design stage in product development. However, sometimes it is challenging to define the customer requirements during the market research phase, especially for the perceptual requirements. Given this problem, this paper develops a process for establishing perceptual indexes based on the axiomatic design approach to improve design efficiency. To achieve this, an initial perceptual index is first built based on data previously collected from designers or design agencies. Then, the theory of axiomatic design is used to classify the schemes. The final perceptual index is filtered and built according to the frequency of occurrence.


Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) is a classical yet powerful tool for learning two-view feature representation in various fields. But, most CCA approaches are based on the conventional covariance measure, which makes them difficult to uncover the complicatedly nonlinear relationship between distinct features. In this paper, we address the preceding problem and propose two novel CCA approaches in a supervised manner by using a general covariance metric. The proposed approaches not only consider the label information of training data, but also the nonlinear relationship between different features rather than samples, which leads to greater flexibility in many practical applications. A series of experimental results on five benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed methods in terms of classification accuracy.


What is happening to Planet Earth? Poverty, illiteracy, disease, and hunger are a way of life for millions of people on this Planet. These conditions of mass misery and despair are found everywhere and anywhere regardless of political divisions and geographic designations. The future of humankind's existence is not predetermined; it is of major concern for us all. We must begin coping with the multitudinous problems in global terms. Problems such as violence, poverty, pollution, delinquency, alienation, depletion of natural resources, health, education, and communication are not solely, and can no longer be, domestic issues. How well people can overcome these conditions will shape the future of the world. In the quest for global tranquility, freedom, and advancement, the world citizen must act with a sense of justice and compassion in a continuing effort to actualize an enduring structure of world peace, emphasizing human rights and a quality of life worthy of humankind.


Section 806 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) created a new federal anti-retaliation protection for corporate whistleblowers. Initially, the Department of Labor Administrative Review Board (ARB) and federal courts limited the scope of section 806 by holding that a whistleblower must report conduct that " definitively and specifically " relates to a violation of one of the rules, regulations, or laws listed in section 806 to engage in protected activity. Recently, however, the ARB abandoned this approach, and held that a whistleblower engages in protected activity under section 806 when she reports information that she " reasonably believes " relates to a violation of one of the rules, regulations, or laws listed in section 806. The ARB's decision to adopt the " reasonably believes " standard should be entitled to Chevron deference. However, empirical studies indicate that in cases where Chevron should apply, courts engage in ad hoc statutory interpretation nearly as often as they defer to the agency decision. This Note argues that in the foreseeable event that a court neglects Chevron and engages in ad hoc statutory interpretation the reasonably believes standard should govern the scope of protected activity under section 806 for several reasons. First, the definitively and specifically standard conflicts with the text of section 806. Second, the legislative history of section 806 supports the reasonably believes standard. Third, the reasonably believes standard is more consistent with the reasonable person standard that Congress intended. Finally, the reasonably believes standard serves two important public policy goals: harmonizing the protected activity standards under SOX and the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and helping to remedy the lack of success whistleblowers have had using section 806's anti-retaliation protections. would like to thank Professor Joseph Landau for his invaluable encouragement and advice throughout the process of writing this Note. Finally, the most thanks go to my wife, Victoria Lee Pennick, who made this Note possible with her love and support.


Tables are presented on family planning along the U.S./Mexico border. 65.5% of 804 Mexican-Americans and 75.2% of Anglos were currently using contraception. 23.7% of the Mexican-Americans and 23.0% of the Anglos had previously used contraception. 10.8% of the Mexican-Americans and 1.8% of the Anglos had never used contraception. The percentage distribution of respondents 15-44 years of age by contraceptive method marital status and geographic area is presented. The totals for the border and national and national samples are as follows: the border--sterilization (22.3%) injections (6.4%) oral contraceptives (40.4%) IUD (14.1%) condom (2.9%) and other (13.9%); and the national sample--sterilization (24.1%) injections (6.7%) OCs (33.0%) IUD (16.1%) condom (2.1%) and other (18.0%). The percent of never married Mexican-American respondents 15-44 years of age in need of family planning services and not contracepting was 39.5 (61); the percentage for Anglos was 34.5 (162).


The fabrication of kenaf bast fiber bundle/unsaturated polyester composites with high (60% to 67, wt/wt) fiber contents was explored in this study. Mechanically ground kenaf bast fiber bundles were...


The mechanism of accelerated reduction of oxidized metal catalysts by plasma was herein explored. Hydrogen radicals produced by discharge are important for generating energetic hydroxyl radicals by an Eley–Rideal‐type reaction, and these radicals in turn undergo desorption without further reaction. The desorbed hydroxyl radicals react with hydrogen radicals to produce gas‐phase water. The results obtained herein discuss the advantages of employing plasma catalysis for surface reactions.


Over the last decade, the analysis of concerted activity by competitors has evolved in some interesting ways. The Supreme Court has moved away from the per se/rule of reason dichotomy. Antitrust enforcers and practitioners now look to the so-called "truncated rule of reason" to analyze conduct that does not clearly require per se treatment, but which also does not clearly require a full rule of reason analysis.


The results of chemical investigations carried out upon the roots of six members of the genus Asclepias are reported. The preliminary phase of this study consisted of a proximate analysis of the roots of A. tuberosa L., A. syriaca L., A. speciosa Torr., A. incarnata L. var. alba Hort., A. incarnata L. var. pulchra Hort., and A. curassavica L. The root of A. tuberosa L. was subjected to a phytochemical analysis which resulted in the separation of three fatty acids, a hydrocarbon, a sugar, a phytosterol, an oil, three unidentified crystalline fractions, and the concentration of a potent estrogenic substance into a biologically active fraction.


A follicular adenoma of the thyroid was 'hot' one hour after 99mTc pertechnetate administration, but 'cold'24 h after 131I iodide administration. Incubation of the tissue in vitro demonstrated a defect in iodide binding to proteins that was abolished by addition of an H2O2 generating system. In this tissue iodide failed to inhibit TSH‐induced cyclic AMP accumulation. The results show that iodide oxidation is required for its inhibitory action on cyclic AMP accumulation in human thyroid.


This research was carried out to figure out the hero's journey stages of the character Alice in novel Alice's Adventure in Wonderland by doing the archetypal study. The aims of this research are indicate the separation stage and return stage. Moreover, this research is a descriptive qualitative research and the data is collected through library research. The result will presented using informal method. As the result of this research, it is found that not all stages in separation and return stage that proposed by Joseph Campbell can be found in Alice's Adventure in Wonderland. There are only three stages out of five separation stages and one stage out of six return stages that can be found in the novel. However, the novel can still be categorized as a hero's journey story.  Even though the hero's journey stage is not complete, the story still reached it finish line and the reader can understand the story well.


The late Kew Observatory Committee joined in 1890 in a scheme, whereby five days each month were to be selected as magnetically quiet days by the Astronomer Royal, with a view to the curves on these days being tabulated by observatories which did not care to undertake the tabulation of every day's curves.


The multiple mesh/single stage dynamics program is a gear tooth analysis program which determines detailed geometry, dynamic loads, stresses, and surface damage factors. The program can analyze a variety of both epicyclic and single mesh systems with spur or helical gear teeth including internal, external, and buttress tooth forms. The modifications refine the options for the flexible carrier and flexible ring gear rim and adds three options: a floating Sun gear option; a natural frequency option; and a finite element compliance formulation for helical gear teeth. The option for a floating Sun incorporates two additional degrees of freedom at the Sun center. The natural frequency option evaluates the frequencies of planetary, star, or differential systems as well as the effect of additional springs at the Sun center and those due to a flexible carrier and/or ring gear rim. The helical tooth pair finite element calculated compliance is obtained from an automated element breakup of the helical teeth and then is used with the basic gear dynamic solution and stress postprocessing routines. The flexible carrier or ring gear rim option for planetary and star spur gear systems allows the output torque per carrier and ring gear rim segment to vary based on the dynamic response of the entire system, while the total output torque remains constant.


In this paper, we address a big-data analysis method for estimating the driving range of an electric vehicle (EV), allowing drivers to overcome range anxiety. First, we present an estimating approach to project the life of battery pack for 1600 cycles (i.e., 8 years/160 000 km) based on the data collected from a cycle-life test. This approach has the merit of simplicity. In addition, it considers several critical issues that occur inside battery packs, such as the dependence of internal resistance and the state-of-health. Subsequently, we describe our work on driving pattern analysis of an EV, using a machine-learning approach, namely growing hierarchical self-organizing maps, to cluster the collected EV big data. This paper contains the analysis of energy consumption and driving range estimation for EVs, including powertrain simulation and driving behavior analysis. The experimental results, including both simulating battery degradation and analysis of driving behaviors, demonstrate a feasible solution for improving driving range estimation by the EV big data.


Erythropoiesis is a complex multistep process responsible of the production of circulating mature erythrocytes and involved the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during erythroid differentiation. Here, we document that Fyn, a Src-family-kinase, participates in erythropoietin (EPO) signaling pathway, by the reducing extent of Tyr-phosphorylation of EPO-R and by decreasing STAT5 activity. The importance of Fyn in EPO cascade is also supported by the increased sensitivity of Fyn−/− mice to stress erythropoiesis. Fyn −/− mouse erythroblasts adapt to the induced stress by the activation of the redox-related-transcription-factor Nrf2. However, the absence of the Nrf2 physiologic repressor Fyn resulted in the persistent activation of Nrf2 and accumulation of non-functional proteins. This is paralleled by ROS induced over-activation of Jak2-Akt-mTOR pathway and repression of autophagy and perturbation of lysosomal-clearance during Fyn −/− reticulocyte maturation. Treatment with Rapamycin, a mTOR inhibitor and autophagy activator, ameliorates Fyn−/− mouse baseline erythropoiesis and restored the erythropoietic response to phenylhydrazine. Taken together these findings have enabled to identify the novel multimodal action of Fyn in the developmental program of erythropoiesis.


Eutrophication of lakes became a main environmental problem in China, not only it restricted utilization of lake resource, but also it impacted directly human health and survival and sustainable development of social economy. The paper analyzed the status, hazard and causes of lake eutrophication in China, and proposed the prevention and control measures.


Introduction: Micrometeorite bombardment is one of the main sources of the lunar exosphere. A plausible hypothesis asserts a proportionality between atomic metal abundances in the lunar exosphere and elemental abundances in the regolith. Earth-based spectroscopic observations of the lunar atmosphere, however, do not indicate the presence of Al, Mg, Ca, or Ti, which are major constituents of the regolith [1]. A possible explanation is that metal species other than Na and K may be present in the lunar exosphere as oxides. We investigate this possibility by modeling theoretically the chemical composition of fireballs formed during micrometeorite impacts. Computational model: Meteorites typically strike the Moon with velocities between 10 and 40 km/s. These hypervelocity impacts cause vaporization of meteoritic matter and the regolith, along with physical redistribution of multiphase meteoritic matter and lunar soil. After the meteorite impact, the Moon captures a part of the ejected material. The thermochemical calculations begin at a moment soon after impact with initial fireball temperatures and pressures set equal to T0=10000-15000 K and P0=1000-30000 bars, respectively [3, 4]. The fireball is assumed to cool adiabatically. The value of γ (Cp/Cv) decreases as the fireball chemical composition changes. The elemental composition of the fireball was taken to be that of a mixture of equal masses of CI chondrites and the lunar regolith. Thermodynamic calculations based on quenching theory [5] were conducted in order to estimate the chemical composition of the fireball as it cooled to the point where chemical reactions effectively stopped. Specifically, it was assumed that chemical reactions end when two quantities, the chemical and hydrodynamic time scales became comparable. For a typical meteorite size of about 1010 m [6], the hydrodynamic time scale is 10 10 s at the fireball expansion speed of about 10 km/s adopted from numerical calculations [3]. Parameters of quenching of chemical reactions: To estimate the chemical time scale we use equilibrium chemical composition and rate constants taken from the NIST database [7] extrapolated to higher temperatures. Comparisons of reaction rates reveal that the main processes determining SH, S, H2O, OH, SO, SO2 contents are the reactions O+SH=SO+H, S+H2=SH+H, H+H2O=H2+OH, H2+OH=H2O+H, H+SO=S+OH, SO2+M=SO+O+M, respectively. Quenching of reactions with participation of H-, O-, and S-containing species occurs at Tquench ~ 3000-4000 K and Pquench ~ 30-100 bars (see Fig. 1).