Abstract— This work analyzes the dynamical behavior of harvesting in a discrete fractional order prey predator model. Utilizing a discretization process to the fractional order model, we obtain its discrete version. Existence of fixed points is established and a detailed analysis of the stability of fixed points is carried out with the linearization process and the impact of harvesting on the ecosystem is discussed. To verify the analytical results, numerical evidence for different sets of biologically feasible parameter values is provided. Time series, phase portrait and bifurcation diagrams are plotted to study the stability of the model. Analysis of sensitivity to the initial conditions of the system is also performed.


WiFi received signal strength (RSS)-based finger-printing has attracted much attention in indoor positioning in the past decade. One WiFi fingerprint comprises multiple RSS values annotated with the location (reference point) where the signals are obtained. The positioning accuracy of WiFi RSS fingerprinting-based indoor positioning systems is highly reliant on the data volume of the observed signals. However, taking such data in a large complex indoor area is usually time-consuming and labor-intensive. In recent years, crowdsourcing approaches have been proposed to collect WiFi data and record the location by utilizing the trajectories of common users to reduce the burden of constructing the database. Nevertheless, crowdsourced data is usually sensitive to crowd density. The data coverage is usually not enough to cover the entire targeted environment to provide good positioning accuracy, particularly at the beginning stage of constructing a database. Besides, it is also expected that some regions do not have enough fingerprints to provide good positioning performance since they do not have as many visitors as others. Therefore, this paper proposes a WiFi fingerprint augmentation method to generate more fingerprints by predicting RSS values on unsurveyed locations through a multivariate Gaussian process regression (MGPR) model. Evaluations are conducted on an open-source crowdsourced WiFi fingerprint dataset collected in an actual multi-floor university building. The experiment results show that the proposed WiFi fingerprint augmentation method can enhance the global data coverage (considering the entire building) to reduce the positioning error by 5% to 20%. Also, the proposed method can sharply reduce the positioning error in some indoor regions by improving local data density (considering a 2D region on a certain floor).


: At present are to know how far the decrease in the physical condition and performance of the swimming athletes' in their menstruation cycle. The participants in this study were 12 female athletes'. The results of this research the decline rate in the athle tes' physical condition in the pre -menstruation phase is 30%, in the menstruation phase is 33%, and post-menstruation phase is 33% and In addition, the decline in performance in the pre-menstruation phase is 29%, in the menstruation phase is 34%, and post-menstruation phase is 33%. Conclusion of this study is the menstruation cycle decreases affect physical condition and performance.


Purpose: Few reports were available on the application of ultrasound in the examination of spleen.The aim of this study was to investigate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS) in the diagnosis of splenic hypoechoic lesions.Materials and Methods: Nine patients with splenic hypoechoic lesions were examined by CEUS using bolus injection of SonoVue and contrast pulse sequence(CPS) software.Results: Five cases of lymphoma,one metastatic cancer and one inflammatory pseudotumor showed earlier contrast washout from the lesions and were hypoechoic in comparison to surrounding parenchyma in the late phase.The lesions of of hemangioma in 2 cases showed slower washout and were hyperechoic in the late phase.Conclusion: Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography is a useful technique in the diagnosis of splenic hypoechoic lesions.


It is sometimes difficult if not impossible for the physician and roentgenologist to differentiate shadows appearing on an x-ray film when viewed in the anteroposterior, postero-anterior or lateral aspects. Especially is this difficulty made manifest in depressed fractures of the skull or when foreign bodies are in apposition over or into an organ or are embedded within the bony structure or contiguous tissue, because all the images are flat as viewed in the picture and more or less merged with one another. The method mentioned may be described in brief in the following manner: The plate or film of the part is made according to the ordinary and accepted procedure, care being taken that the negative is marked in a definite manner as to the view taken. The film is then taken to a photo-engraver and a metallic transfer is made, previously backed by a screen in order that


Ventilator Induced Diaphragm Dysfunction (VIDD) is a clinical condition characterized by the loss of diaphragmatic force‐generating capacity in response to mechanical ventilation (MV). MV is a lifesaving intervention frequently used in critically ill Intensive Care Unit (ICU), but VIDD results in prolonged weaning from the ventilator, negative effects on patient quality of life and increased morbidity and mortality. In this study, the pharmacological intervention with the chaperone co‐inducer BGP‐15 recently shown to increase diaphragm muscle function by more than 100% after 10 days MV in a unique experimental rat ICU model (Salah et al. 2016 Science Transl. Med) was probed using Resonance Raman spectroscopy. The Resonance Raman method with 532nm laser excitation is ideally suited to determine the molecular changes taking place in the muscle tissues under non‐denaturing conditions at ultralow freezing temperature without altering the native chemistry of the constituent molecules. The Raman method helps in the identification of constituent molecular species in the target tissues, their structural alternations and their relative concentrations. The proteins in the muscle‐actin, myosin, and coenzymes like NADH, are high in concentration therefore Raman signals are significantly strong from these molecular targets. The rat diaphragm muscle samples analyzed were from 1. Healthy control group, 2. VIDD Test group without treatment (10 days MV), and 3. Test group with BGP‐15 treatment during 10 days MV. The background subtracted Raman spectra all 3 groups are normalized at 864 cm‐1 for comparison and key molecular fingerprints are compared. The findings from this study suggest that Raman spectroscopy is promising tool for in vivo diagnosis and real time monitoring of clinical progress of VIDD.


The 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (P.L. 111-148) (PPACA) heralds new challenges for the education of health professionals and the development of a healthcare workforce primed to meet the influx of previously marginalized populations into healthcare systems. Changes in insurance coverage and mechanisms coupled with the focus on preventive care will require a healthcare workforce skilled in navigation, care coordination, ambulatory care models, and care for underserved populations. This dissertation is comprised of three studies that examine the current state of education for two professions impacted by the PPACA: social workers and physicians. The first study, a systematic review of accredited MSW programs (n=200), was undertaken to investigate the level of healthrelated preparation provided by social work training program. Bivariate statistics and logistic regression models revealed that of the 200 programs, only 13 (6.5%) offer targeted health concentrations (HC). Controlling for university-level characteristics, university size (β=1.69, p < .001) and presence of an MPH program (β=2.0, p<.0001) were associated with having a HC. The second study focused on education of medical students to meet PPACA stipulations of community-based training and graduates who go on to provide primary care. Using a grounded theory framework, 468 written assignments from a community-based experience were examined. Five domains emerged. Themes reflected a continuum of students' abilities to understand the experiences and perspectives of community members and communicate their understanding. The third manuscript examined resident experiences (N=22) in underserved communities through the lens of curricular requirements of community-based training. The assessment tool was found to have good reliability with Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the scales in the assessment tool ranging from 0.88 to 0.95. Significant differences in preand posteducational intervention mean scores were found. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Social Welfare First Advisor Joan K. Davitt This dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/528


Principles and Practice of Emergency Medicine Third edition. Volumes 1 and 2. George R. Schwartz, C. Gene Cayten, Mary Anne Mangelsen, Thom A. Mayer, Barbara K. Hanke; eds. 3379 pages. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1992. $189.50. The book edited by May is an exhaustive text on traumatic and nontraumatic problems needing emergency or critical care management. Sections deal with clinical entities, pharmacologic therapy and technical procedures, and managerial, organizational, and ethical matters. The text edited by Schwartz and colleagues is similar but puts more emphasis on syndromal presentations. Much of the content of both texts is directly relevant to problems seen in other hospital settings; both have been substantially expanded and revised from their previous editions.


Abstract Listeners were asked to identify 295-ms synthetic CVs (45-ms transitions + 250-ms steady states) in the presence of monotically or dichotically competing isolated second-formant 'bleats' from CVs. Bleat duration was varied, by cutting back the steady-state portions, from 295-ms total to a transition alone (45 ms). This temporal variation in the bleats was chosen to focus on the extent to which 'nonphonetic' structural characteristics of signals determine the presence and amount of interference. Dichotic identification varied as a continuous, monotonic function of bleat duration, with greatest interference observed with the largest steady-state value and least interference for no steady state (i.e., transition alone). In contrast, monotic identification was relatively poor and constant across duration values. These results, together with an analysis of errors, lead to the conclusion that monotic interference does not depend on signals' steady-state durations; consistent with other peripheral masking studies, monotic results seem, instead, dependent upon which segments of two signals are simultaneous and whether these temporally overlapping parts have energy in similar frequency ranges. In contrast, dichotic interference does depend on steady-state duration. This suggests dichotic interference is a form of 'central masking' which occurs because of the disruption of processes concerned with specifying the overall time-by-frequency characteristics of signals, independent of their interpretation as phonetic events.


of the doctoral thesis: EFFICIENCY CRITERIA FOR THE TECHNICAL AND ARTISTIC PREPARATION IN PERFORMANCE AEROBIC GYMNASTICS Scientific advisor: Prof. PhD SILVIA TEODORESCU PhD student: MEZEI MARIANA


Preface 1. Compensation as an Evolving Field: Past, Present, and Future Origins in Industrial/Organizational Psychology Practitioner Roots Job Evaluation and Internal Pay Structures Criticisms of Traditional Models Philosophy of This Book 2. Repertoire of Strategic Pay Choices Criteria Used to Distribute Rewards Assembling the Compensation Package Administering the Compensation System A Holistic Approach to Linking Compensation Choices and Business Strategy Summary 3. Pay Choices and Organizational Strategies as an Interrelated Set of Decisions Internally Consistent Pay Strategies Multilevel Organizational Strategies Overarching Strategic Compensation Patterns and Corporate Strategy Overarching Strategic Compensation Patterns and Business Unit Strategies Theoretical Propositions Policy Implications and a Research Agenda for the Future Summary. Appendix 3.1. A Profile of Compensation Strategies Associated with Various Corporate Strategies Appendix 3.2. A Profile of Compensation Strategies Associated with Various Business Unit Strategies 4. Executive Compensation: Theoretical Foundations Interdisciplinary Conceptual Roots Marginal Productivity Theory Governance Theories The Behavioral Agency Model Institutional Theory Structural Theory Human Capital Theory Executive Pay as Symbolism Pay Dispersion Theory Self-selection Theory Summary 5. Determinants and Consequences of Executive Pay Role of Executives in Influencing Firm Performance Why the Evidence on Executive Pay Is So Mixed as We Approach Nine Decades of Research What We Know So Far about Executive Pay Summary 6. Policy Choices, Strategic Design of Executive Compensation Programs, and Implementation Dilemmas Confronting Designers of Executive Pay Packages Elements of the Executive Compensation Package and Strategic Implications Summary 7. Risk and Executive Pay The Concepts of Risk Theoretical Perspectives of Risk Compensation and Risk Research Summary 8. Corporate Social Performance: An Alternative Criteria for the Design of Executive Compensation Programs Social Criteria as Part of Executive Pay Corporate Social Performance as an Alternative Approach Issues in Rewarding Social Responsibility at Top Summary 9. Measuring Performance at Different Levels of the Organization The Measurement of Performance: Preliminary Thoughts Why Organizations Measure Performance Performance Measurement Issues The Conflicting Roles of Performance Measures Performance Measures Specifications The Choice of Performance Measures Summary 10. Managing Pay for Performance Systems Why Performance Contingent Pay May Be Counterproductive Navigating Treacherous "Pay for Performance" Waters Rewarding Individual Performance Rewarding Team Performance Rewarding Organizational Performance Efficiency-Based Pay Policies Profit-Based Pay Policies Multicriteria-based Pay Policies Summary References Index About the Authors.


The invention relates to a crop rotation matching and fertilizing method capable of controlling accumulation of rice heavy metal cadmium and belongs to the technical field of rice planting. The crop rotation matching and fertilizing method provided by the invention comprises the steps of 1) selecting cruciferae or leguminous crop with high sulphur content as a previous crop; 2) applying sulphur base fertilizer with sulphur ratio of 0.25-5.0kg/666.7m when the previous crop is planted, or spraying 0.05-1.0% of sulphate for at least 1-3 times in a reproductive stage; 3) taking the previous crop as green manure, smashing or directly turning the previous crop into soil to be mixed with the soil 5-15 days before rice transplantation, and carrying out waterflooding on the transplanted rice seedling; and 4) repeating the steps 1)-3) year over year. The previous crop matching mode adopted in the invention roots in the traditional peasant production mode, sulphur fertilizer is also taken as the traditional farming measure, an operation process is simple, price is low, usage cost is low, the crop rotation matching and fertilizing method provided by the invention is universally applicable to heavily, medially and mildly cadmium-polluted rice field and crop production lands in China, and cadmium content in rice can be obviously reduced.


Open innovation, especially in new services, places emphasis in cocreation ability for development processes. This becomes easier through digitalisation, as especially Virtual Reality technologies have been used for applications from product design to production simulation, trainings and marketing of solutions. This paper presents the background and specification of a service prototyping co-creation laboratory facility, built for testing industrial service concepts in virtual reality environments, called CoProtoLab.


In this letter, a circulation-based distributed space time trellis code (DSTTC) technique for amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying is proposed. The proposed circulation technique is a method of configuring new protocols from the existing protocols of which the performance is dependent on specific source to relay links. The simulation results show that the newly developed protocol is less dependent on weak conditions of specific links and a performance gain in frame error rate (FER) can be obtained over the original protocol.


This study examined individual-level determinants of self-reported changes in healthy (diet and physical activity) and addictive (alcohol use, smoking, and vaping) lifestyle behaviors during the initial COVID-19 lockdown period in the USA. A national online survey was administered between May and June 2020 that targeted a representative U.S. sample and yielded data from 1276 respondents, including 58% male and 50% racial/ethnic minorities. We used univariate and multivariable linear regression models to examine the associations of sociodemographic, mental health, and behavioral determinants with self-reported changes in lifestyle behaviors. Some study participants reported increases in healthy lifestyle behaviors since the pandemic (i.e., 36% increased healthy eating behaviors, and 33% increased physical activity). However, they also reported increases in addictive lifestyle behaviors including alcohol use (40%), tobacco use (41%), and vaping (46%). With regard to individual-level determinants, individuals who reported adhering to social distancing guidelines were also more likely to report increases in healthy lifestyle behaviors (β = 0.12, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.21). Conversely, women (β = −0.37, 95% CI −0.62 to −0.12), and unemployed individuals (β = −0.33, 95% CI −0.64 to −0.02) were less likely to report increases in healthy lifestyle behaviors. In addition, individuals reporting anxiety were more likely to report increases in addictive behaviors (β = 0.26, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.43). Taken together, these findings suggest that women and unemployed individuals may benefit from interventions targeting diet and physical activity, and that individuals reporting anxiety may benefit from interventions targeting smoking and alcohol cessation to address lifestyle changes during the pandemic.


Anepidemic ofsymptomssuggestive ofoccupational asthma inworkers ina mineral analysis laboratory necessitating exposure to vapours ofhydrochloric, hydrofluoric, nitric, perchloric, andsulphuric acid solutions was investigated. Variable airflow obstruction was confirmed byserial measurementofFEV,intwosubjects whoshowed18%and22%fall inFEV,during a workshift. Ofaworkforce of21laboratory staff, 20tookpartina study ofventilatory capacity and bronchial reactivity. Allbutone subject hadnormalventilatory capacity butfive hadbronchial hyperreactivity (PC20 8mg/ml(p< 0-01). Other workrelated symptomswerecough(twosubjects) andbreathlessness (three subjects). Fourof thesubjects withbronchial hyperreactivity were atopic, suggesting thathyperreactivity may have predated exposure toirritant material atworkandresulted intheir beingsusceptible tothe development ofsymptomsandraises thepossibility ofidentifying susceptible subjects by preplacement examination. Intwoofthese subjects, however, bronchial reactivity hasreturned to normal after 205and376days away fromwork,suggesting thatbronchial inflammation resulted fromoccupational exposuretoacid vapours.


This work is a detailed study of the republican and quasi-republican institutions in ancient India down to the time of the Buddha, The introduction deals with the work of previous scholars, the sources and the interpretation and definition of the term gana, republic. The second chapter, after giving a thorough discussion of the relative development of different forms of constitutions and the question of "elective monarchy", considers four special forms of non-monarchical government during the Vedic period, hitherto unnoticed and their relationship with the northeastern republics. The chapter concludes with a critical study of the controversial topic of the Vidatha. The next chapter commences with a critical study of the much discussed issue of the Vajjian Confederacy and the number of republics which constituted it. In the following chapter, we discuss the name, etymology, origin, government and organization, procedure of justice, foreign relations and political history of the Licchavis-the most powerful confederate and chief element in the Vajjian Confederacy. This is followied by the treatment of other confederating republics of the League on similar lines, after which the Sakyan, Koliyan, Moriyan and lesser known republics of the time of the Buddha have been discussed, on almost the same pattern as the Licchavis. The thesis concludes with a brief summary, a consideration of the causes of the decline of republican government in India, and an assessment of its place in the polity of Ancient India as a whole.


Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) is a powerful methodology that can improve studies on different geoscience areas. Confocal means: conjugate focal planes (illumination and detection of the same focal point) in which the emitted fluorescent light passes through an aperture (pinhole) to reduce the out-of-focus light. In this technique, a laser beam sequentially scans the specimen point by point and then assembles the pixel information, slice by slice, into a digital three-dimensional image. As a result, it acquires a set of optical sections (slices) with high contrast and high resolution, which can be rotated and illuminated from different angles. These photomicrographs display important details for taxonomy, diagenesis and climate studies, which could not be detected using traditional microscopes. It is also possible to acquire the fluorescence spectra, which reveals the highest-intensity wavelength. This data is very useful for paleoenvironmental and paleoecological studies. An advantage of this microscopy method is the possibility to use it with conventional palynological and petrographical slices and thin sections without additional preparation. The present study shows images acquired with a ZEISS LSM 700 confocal system, with laser lines of 405 nm, 488 nm, 555 nm, and 639 nm; scan resolution of up to 2,048 x 2,048 pixels; 8 bits of data depth; 63x and 100x oil objectives; and main distance between the slices of 0.06 μm. Images were taken of organic and calcareous microfossils recovered from sedimentary deposits (Proterozoic to Quaternary) and from recent lacustrine unconsolidated sediments; as well as of recent organic beings from Brazilian marine environments. These images elucidated taxonomic doubts, supporting proposals of new palynomorphs species (such as pollen grains, spores, chlorophyll algae, prasinophytes, dinoflagellates, acritarchs, hydrozoans) and recent cnidarian species (marine and non-marine). They also support thermal maturation studies of organic matter. Based on the images acquired from carbonatic microfossils on thin sections, it was possible to determine morphologic features previously obliterated by diagenesis, improving taxonomic, paleoenvironmental and biostratigraphic interpretations based on microfacies. Regarding fossilized ostracods, it was possible to analyze the normal and marginal pore canals, used for a better taxonomic definition, and the diagenetic features, such as the degree of dissolution and recrystallization of the carapace. The images from petroleum bearing fluid inclusions hosted in healed quartz microfractures and feldspar overgrowths of detrital grains have opened a new horizon for this area. It allows the tridimensional visualization of fluid inclusion shapes and the assemblage distribution. Volume estimation of the trapped oil/gas based on this data is performed in order establish PVTx-models used to reconstruct the earlier reservoir filling history. The application of the confocal method on different approaches, such as reworking or source rock research, is promising and reveals the potential for even more studies in a wide range of specimens/materials for the oil and gas industry.


Development of new drugs is a lengthy and complicated process involving many disciplines, Here we provide a background for the audience and review new developments in drug discovery and (pre)clinical development. These include the role of 'omics' technologies and the introduction of 'biologicals'. We discuss the changing roles of academia, small biotech companies and 'big pharma'.


The roles of the metastable atoms O(1 ?>D) and molecules O2 ?>(a1Δg ?>) in a capacitively coupled rf driven oxygen discharge at 50 mTorr are explored using the one-dimensional object-oriented PIC/MCC code oopd1, which has one spatial dimension and three velocity components. The oxygen discharge model considers the species O2(X3Σg−) ?>, O2(a1Δg) ?>, O(3 ?>P), O(1 ?>D), O2+ ?>, O+ ?>, O− ?>, and electrons. The particle density profiles, the electron heating rate profile, the electron energy probability function and the ion energy distribution function at the grounded electrode are explored, including and/or excluding the metastables and secondary electron emission. We find that detachment by the metastable molecule O2 ?>(a1Δg ?>) has a significant influence on the discharge properties such as the electronegativity, the effective electron temperature and the electron heating processes.


diferentes necessidades de mobilidade e aparato urbano para as mulheres, o importante nicho de consumo que elas representam, e sua crescente participação econômica, foram pontos chave destacados neste trabalho para que sejam considerados na construção de políticas públicas urbanas, em busca de cidades mais sustentáveis, equalitárias justas. ABSTRACT Gender inequality or natural consumption of natural resources is a problem of great importance at present. The scenery that covers most of these problems still be the urbane. The objective of this work is associating the relationships of gender, urban problems and environmental sustainability, so that will be possible to be intersected by three fields, optimizing or temporizing resources and solving problems in these areas. In order to relate the three mentioned problems, an exploration of publications with the following terms has been carried out: "sustainable urbanism", "feminist urbanism", and "ecofeminism", in an attempt to elucidate the reasons that narrow women's relations with sustainability in the urban environment. The intersections found ended up running several themes such as governance, participation, environment and mobility, with emphasis on the specifics of women in the urban context. The different mobility needs and urban apparatus for women, the important consumption niche they represent, and their increasing economic participation were key points in this work so that they could be considered in the construction of urban public policies, in search of more sustainable cities, equalitarian and just.


The utility model aims at providing an underground mechanical separating mechanism which comprises a power shaft, a cam, a roller, a mandrel, a reset spring, a support plate, a steel ball and a hook, wherein the cam is in contact with the roller, the roller is connected with the mandrel through a pin roll, one end of the reset spring is arranged on the mandrel, the other end of the reset spring is pressed on the support plate, the inner side of the steel ball is pressed on the mandrel, the outer edge of the steel ball is blocked with the hook, and the power shaft is connected with the cam. According to the utility model, the mandrel is capable of resetting under the pushing of the spring, and a socket sleeve of a cable pull-off mechanism is capable of resetting under the effect of a crank connecting rod, and can be repeatedly used. Several sets of mechanical separating mechanisms are additionally provided for regulating the installing angle of the cam and the profile of the cam; and the underground mechanical separating mechanism is capable of realizing sequential release of multiple loads.


This paper investigates the intercultural competence of Chinese employees in MNEs,with"going global"Chinese firms and foreign firms in China compared and analyzed.The results indicate apparent differences in positions from Chinese employees of the two kinds of firms,and different intercultural communication situation and competence demands they deal with.The research results indicate that,due to huge differences in the internationalization and indigenization level among"going global"Chinese firms and foreign firms in China,Chinese employees in former firms encounter with more challenges and competence gaps than those in latter ones.Based on the results,we classify the internal intercultural communication situations facing Chinese employees into five parts and external intercultural communication situations into three parts,and discuss intercultural communication challenges and competence gaps confronted by Chinese employees.To sum up,conclusions of this paper enrich international business theories,and offer some guidelines to cultivate intercultural communication competence of employees of MNEs in emerging markets.


The American Psychological Association's ethical guidelines condoning psychologists' participation in torture, which were motivated by professional self-interest, constitute a violation of medical ethics and international law.


.................................................................................................................................................... 4 Objectives of Peer Review Course Portfolio ............................................................................... 5 Description of Course .......................................................................................................................... 6 Course goals ........................................................................................................................................ 6 Enrollment/demographics ............................................................................................................ 6 Instructional Practices ........................................................................................................................ 8 Teaching methods ............................................................................................................................. 8 Course materials ............................................................................................................................... 8 In-class activities ............................................................................................................................... 9 Out-of-class activities ...................................................................................................................... 9 Rationale for teaching methods ................................................................................................ 12 The Course and the Broader Curriculum .................................................................................. 13 Analysis of Student Learning ......................................................................................................... 15 Blue sky project ................................................................................................................................ 15 Evaluation of student presentations. .................................................................................. 17 Evaluation of written reports. ............................................................................................... 17 Preand post-course skills and knowledge assessment.............................................. 18 Student ratings of course effectiveness. ............................................................................ 20 Reading reflections. ................................................................................................................... 20 Project reflections. ..................................................................................................................... 21 Summary of blue sky project analysis. ............................................................................... 21 Planned Changes ................................................................................................................................. 21 Syllabus and schedule ................................................................................................................... 22 Teaching methods and class activities .................................................................................... 22 Assignments and activities .......................................................................................................... 23 Summary and Overall Assessment of Portfolio Process ..................................................... 26 Works Cited ........................................................................................................................................... 27 Appendices ............................................................................................................................................. 28 Appendix A: JOMC 491/891 Syllabus ...................................................................................... 28 Appendix B: Reflection and rubric .......................................................................................... 38


We show that for every 2-connected bipartite graph which is not a multiple edge and which has no K5-minor there is an edge-disjoint collection of nontrivial bonds (i.e., not stars) which partition the edges of the graph. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Graph Theory 35: 109–127, 2000


In intuitionistic logic rules can be \valid" (we say admissible) without being derivable. We show that using intuitionistic sequent calculus in both direct way and reverse way (what we call \backward derivation") is complete versus admissibility. As a direct consequence we obtain a decidable characterisation of admissibility.


Coccolithophores have played a key role in the carbon cycle since becoming dominant in the Cretaceous ocean, and their influence depends fundamentally on how they interact with their external carbon environment. Because the photosynthetic carbon‐fixing enzyme Rubisco requires high levels of CO2 for effective catalysis, coccolithophores are known to induce carbon concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) to raise the level of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in an 'internal pool'. The ocean carbon system has varied greatly over the geological past, suggesting that coccolithophore interactions with that external carbon environment will have changed in parallel. The widespread present‐day coccolithophore Gephyrocapsa oceanica was acclimated here to a geological scale change in the seawater carbon system (five times higher DIC and alkalinity). Significant acclimation in response to the external carbon environment was demonstrated by a fourfold increase in the Km substrate concentration requirement for half‐maximum photosynthetic carbon fixation rates (suggesting that CCMs were down‐regulated when ambient carbon was more available). There was, however, no difference in growth rate, morphology or calcification, suggesting that calcification is not coupled to photosynthesis as one of the CCMs induced here and that productivity (growth rate and calcification) is not carbon‐limited under representative present‐day conditions. Beyond the kinetic parameters of photosynthesis, the only other indication of changed cell physiology seen was the increased fractionation of carbon isotopes into organic matter. These findings demonstrate that G. oceanica changes its carbon‐use physiology to maintain consistent photosynthetic carbon fixation in concert with different levels of ambient DIC without changing its morphology or calcification.


ABSTRACT Leg-hold or foot-hold traps have been used in New Zealand for trapping brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) since the 1920s. In the mid-1990s, when the National Pest Control Agencies (NPCA) developed a national protocol for monitoring possums, they standardised how traps should be set, which lure to use and where to place it. These recommendations aimed to achieve standardisation (important for population monitoring), not necessarily high capture rates. Recent use of trail cameras has revealed possums eating the lure, but then walking away without stepping on the trap, suggesting that modifications to the way traps are set or lured might enable increased capture rates of possums. We compared the capture rate of four alternative trap sets (i.e. double sets, covered traps, hazed traps, enlarged trigger plates) with standard NPCA-recommended sets. None of these modified sets increased the captures rates. We then compared the capture rate of traps with the lure placed on the ground encircling the trap (including a vertical visual lure) against the NPCA-recommended method of placing the lure behind the trap. This modification resulted in a 33% increase in capture rate suggesting modifications to the luring method can increase capture rates and make ground-based possum control more effective.


Abstract The impacts of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) on the tropical Indo–Pacific climate, particularly on the character of interannual variability, are explored using a coupled general circulation model (CGCM). A pair of CGCM experiments—a control experiment with an open ITF and a perturbation experiment in which the ITF is artificially closed—is integrated for 200 model years, with the 1990 values of trace gases. The closure of the ITF results in changes to the mean oceanic and atmospheric conditions throughout the tropical Indo–Pacific domain as follows: surface temperatures in the eastern tropical Pacific (Indian) Ocean warm (cool), the near-equatorial Pacific (Indian) thermocline flattens (shoals), Indo–Pacific warm-pool precipitation shifts eastward, and there are relaxed trade winds over the tropical Pacific and anomalous surface easterlies over the equatorial Indian Ocean. The character of the oceanic changes is similar to that described by ocean-only model experiments, though the amplitude of...


Presented here is a research prospectus to approach a relatively new phenomenon of big data from a philosophical angle. With a preliminary groundwork completed, this research is in its planning stage. Recognizing that big data, although a novelty at the present moment, will soon become a mature technology, and also that it is an enabling technology to serve as a means to enhancing business performance through better analytics, it is necessary to have a philosophical discussion about the nature of big data, its promises, limitations, potential pitfalls, and some antidotes in case the society neglects such pitfalls. There will be two main contributions of this project. First, it will be a first comprehensive treatment of big data from a philosophical perspective. Second, given the methodological choice, it could produce a serious critical discourse about big data, delineating the hypes from the credible and persuasive rhetoric in the big data literature.


Under natural assumptions, a Feller type diffusion approximation is derived for critical, irreducible multi-type continuous state and continuous time branching processes with immigration. Namely, it is proved that a sequence of appropriately scaled random step functions formed from a critical, irreducible multi-type continuous state and continuous time branching process with immigration converges weakly towards a squared Bessel process supported by a ray determined by the Perron vector of a matrix related to the branching mechanism of the branching process in question.


The main objective of the study is to challenge previous approaches to heritage, both in terms of management and conceptualization. It aims to highlight the importance and articulation of the different attributes in abandoned vernacular landscapes in search of a sustainable approach. To do so, the study focuses on a specific landscape in the Mediterranean basin where three areas of intensity have been selected for an eventual assessment of the principles of integration and consistency of the landscape. These areas have helped to establish the importance of distance and cognition in determining strategies for sustainable tourism. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have allowed us to ascertain the extent to which values, previously acquired from participatory fieldwork, can be detected depending on proximity or remoteness, as well as their application in the three cases for assessment. Thus, five criteria have been established to analyse these values: (1) overview of the landscape, (2) dominance or intensity of elements, (3) the aesthetic composition of space, (4) the selective interpretation of the visual variables, and (5) the fragility of specific areas in the landscape. Finally, the discussed criteria provide new insights into the dynamic and static realms of authenticity and integrity, which have helped in the analysis of previous rigid conventions on values, time, perception, and approach.


The invention discloses an integrated high-voltage AC circuit-breaker controller which includes a controller body, a proximitor and a stroke detection circuit. The controller body includes a first microprocessor circuit and a switching-closing control circuit. The controller body is connected with an external power supply of the controller, a power-distribution voltage inductor, a current inductor at a load end of a circuit breaker and a switching-closing operation assembly arranged in the circuit breaker through electrical connection wires. The controller body is connected with the proximitor through a communication channel. The stroke detection circuit is connected with the first microprocessor circuit. The first microprocessor circuit is connected with the switching-closing control circuit. The controller body is connected with the switching-closing operation assembly of the circuit breaker. The controller body sends out a switch-off instruction signal or a switch-on instruction signal so as to start the a switching-closing operation assembly to control switch-off operation or switch-on operation of the circuit breaker. The integrated high-voltage AC circuit-breaker controller is complete in function, high in electromagnetic-interference resistance and capable of reliable protection during a load short-circuit fault and precise control of the circuit breaker.


The article describes Italian attempts to preserve control of its own colonies after Second World War and the political debate inside Italian diplomacy concerning the prospects of Rome's foreign policy in Africa and in Middle East. The aim of this essay is to analyze the views of Pietro Quaroni, Italian ambassador in Moscow and then in Paris, on developments of international relations with the crisis of European imperialisms and the coming of Cold War and his criticism on Rome's will to maintain some political control on former Italian colonies. Only after the failure to find a political agreement with the United Kingdom on the disposal of Italian former colonies (the so-called Sforza-Bevin agreement) in 1949, De Gasperi's government decided to adopt a policy of sincere support of national independence for the Libyan and the Eritrean peoples, as Quaroni had demanded.


In mixed models, the use of robust estimates raises several interesting inferential challenges. One of these challenges arises from the realization that the effect of contamination is to increase the variability in the data, but robust estimates of variance components are usually smaller than their nonrobust counterparts. The robust estimates reflect the variability of the bulk of the data, which is not the same as the variability in the data-generating process. This means that the naive implementation of bootstrap procedures might not work. In this article we consider several bootstrap procedures, including random effect, transformation, and weighted bootstraps. We give conditions for the asymptotic validity of the bootstraps and assess their performance via a small simulation study. Both the transformation and generalized cluster bootstrap perform well and are asymptotically valid under reasonable conditions.


New town development is often considered as one of the most effective planning measures to relocate population away from large cities as well as to optimize urban structure and it was also put forward as one of the six major tasks of Chinese new-type urbanization recently.This paper discusses the issue of new town development in China's megacities by taking Shanghai as a case.The paper first reexamines the international experience of new town development,it then analyzes the origin and evolution of new towns in Shanghai and their current situation.Several characteristics of new town development in Shanghai are summarized.In addition,the paper also explores a number of key ideas and important measures in policy making and spatial planning in building new towns for megacities in China.


UCH of the theological discussion about myth has been carried on as if the desirability or undesirability of resorting to myth could be settled as an autonomous problem. This is not wholly false, since it is possible to argue independently either that myth should be eradicated or that myth is necessary. For example, if one interprets "myth" to mean propositions known to be false, we may all agree that these ought not be entertained. On the other hand, if "myth" is understood to mean all language that deals with matter other than sense data, I assume we will all agree that old myths ought to be retained and perhaps even that new ones should be created. However, discussions carried on at either of these levels are trivial, while the question of whether myth belongs to the fabric of Christian thought is not trivial. Fundamentally, the really critical question is whether that which is apprehended in faith, the reality with which theology has to do, is sufficiently continuous with our everyday world that the language appropriate to that world can by careful extension and modification be made suitable for the expression of faith. Although this formulation of the problem should point us in the right direction for our inquiry, it requires considerable clarification before it can serve clearly to distinguish appropriate and inappropriate conditions for the use of myth.


i Dedication iv Acknowledgements v List of Tables xiii List of Figures xv Glossary of Terms xx Mathematical Symbols Used xxvii Preface xxx Chapter 1 Introductory chapter 1 1.1 The origins of tidal analysis 1 1.2 Dynamical tide theory 2 1.3 Societal relevance 4 1.4 Contributions of this dissertation 5 1.5 Outline of dissertation 8 Chapter 2 Tidal theory 13 2.1 The governing equations 13 2.1.1 The Navier-Stokes equations 13 2.1.2 The Laplace Tidal equations 15 2.2 The tide-generating gravitational potential 17 2.2.1 Lunar and solar motions: daily and monthly 17 2.2.2 Lunar and solar motions: yearly, perigean, and nodal 21 2.2.3 Perigean Spring Tides 22 2.2.4 The harmonic development of the tide-generating potential 23


Background: Considering lack of enough resources, such as artificial heart or ventricular assist devices for long term cardiac replacement therapy, we decided to evaluate those brain death cases, which seem non eligible as heart donor based on guidelines criteria, as marginal donners, but with no contraindication for replacement at preoperational evaluation. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on heart donors and their recipients at Organ Procurement Unit of Sina. Among the candidates, 75 were categorized as standard donors (group A) and 18 were marginal donors (group B), group C were heart recipients from standard donors, and group D were heart recipients from marginal donors. Results: Based on this study 97 heart donors of a total number of 302 donors referred to Sina Hospital, 80.6% were sub grouped as group A, standard donor, and 19.4% group B as marginal group (older than 40 years, or with positive history of drug abuse or smoking, but based on echocardiography and coronary angiography, negative for HIV, or hepatitis infection). Their mean survival rate in groups C and D were 635.67±434.75 and 508.46±407.8 days respectively with no significant difference between survival rates in MD and SD recipients (P=0.961). Conclusions: Based on this study, marginal donors could be eligible for harvesting, and decrease wait time for end stage heart


We report results of solving the full reference hypernetted‐chain (RHNC) theory for a large, multiply charged macroion at infinite dilution in a solvent of hard spheres with point dipole and quadrupole moments chosen to represent liquid water. We obtain results for the restructuring of this model solvent next to the macroion surface for a range of surface charges and macroion sizes up to 30 solvent diameters. Although we are unable to solve the theory for larger particles, when this largest macroion is neutral we find a solvent orientational structure in the surface layer that is in good qualitative agreement with computer simulation results for water‐like models at a planar surface. Our RHNC calculations show that this surface structure proves surprisingly resistant to the effect of surface charges as high as 17.5 μC/cm2, apparently because even such strong fields cannot compete with the still stronger intermolecular forces of water‐like models. There is, nevertheless, strong oscillatory behavior in both...


Myasthenia gravis is the most common disorder of neuromuscular transmission, but bulbar symptoms as the sole presentation is relatively uncommon. Herein, we report a 25-year-old woman with bulbar myasthenia gravis that progressed to a myasthenia crisis. She visited the emergency department because of involuntary weight loss due to oropharyngeal dysphagia. The diagnosis of myasthenia gravis was confirmed by a positive serum acetylcholine receptor antibody test. Our patient suffered from a myasthenic crisis and aspiration pneumonia, which were successfully treated by plasmapheresis and antibiotics. It is worth emphasizing that bulbar MG is a true neurological emergency and should be seriously considered in young women who present with dysphagia. Early specialist consultation and the initiation of appropriate treatment should be carried out.


We describe a novel technique in which color table animation in conjunction with a single base image can be used to generate a broad class of motion stimuli. We have applied this technique to the generation of drifting sine-wave gratings (and by extension, sine-wave plaids). For each drifting grating, sine and cosine spatial phase components are first reduced to 1 bit/pixel by using a digital halftoning technique. The resulting pairs of 1-bit images are then loaded into pairs of bit planes of the display memory. To animate the patterns, the display hardware's color lookup table is modified on a frame-by-frame basis. Because the contrasts and temporal frequencies of the various components are mutually independent, a large number of two-dimensional stimulus motions can be produced from a single image file. We also analyze the effects on the stimulus of a variety of artifacts: the spatial artifacts produced by the halftoning process, the spurious motion signals produced by the interaction of these spatial artifacts and the temporal animation, the artifacts produced by intensity quantization (and inaccurate gamma correction), and, finally, the important but rarely considered artifact of nonlinear spatial summation. We propose a physical model to account for the observed failures of pixel independence that provides an excellent fit to our measurements.


IT has already been shown in this laboratory that mice that consume alcohol, beer or wine as their sole source of fluid may develop myocardial lesions after periods on this regimen as short as 6-10 wk (Burch et al., 1971a) or as long as 6 mth (Burch et al., 1971b). The quantities of alcohol consumed, by human standards, were extremely high. In these earlier studies damage due to alcohol consumption per se was observed in animals fed on a balanced diet; thus, neither diet nor vitamin deficiency played a role in producing the myocardial lesions. Furthermore, mice that were fed on the same diet and had only water to drink did not develop myocardial damage. Data concerning the effects of alcohol consumption on cellular structure are scanty, but haemodynamic studies (Brigden, 1957; McDonald, Burch and Walsh, 1971) and histochemical studies (Ferrans et al., 1965) of the effects of alcohol on the myocardium have been reported. Alexander (1967) has reviewed much of the literature regarding the clinical aspects of consumption of alcohol on the myocardium. Changes produced by the consumption of alcohol on the ultrastructure of the myocytes of the heart have only recently been reported (Hibbs ei aZ., 1965; Burch and Sohal, 1969; Sohal and Burch, 1969). The relation of myocardial damage to the amount of alcohol consumed is not known. The purpose of the study presented here, therefore, was to learn the influence of the quantity of beer consumed on the myocardium of the mouse.


In recent years, with the development of Internet technology, the Internet has been transformed from fragmented concept to practical application. It is no exaggeration to say that Internet of things technology will be used in all industries in future. In view of the application of Internet in supply chain finance, we explore the corresponding risks and effects and puts forward relevant countermeasures.


High strength thermally hardened steels are more difficult to weld than low carbon construction steels. There is a danger of cold cracking caused by the presence of martensite in welded joints. The thermally hardened 12 mm sheets of S540Q steel underwent research. The sheets were welded semi-automatically by MAG method, in the welding conditions usually applied in industry for welding normalized sheets of this steel. The welding technology was presented. The X-ray tests were performer, which confirmed the achievement of metallically continuous joints. Samples were taken from the joints and the joints hardness distribution measurements were conducted. The microstructure was examined and the static tensile tests as well as technological bend tests were carried out. Hardness measurements were performed in three measurement lines for each joint according to PN-EN 1043-1:2000 requirements. Joints microstructures were examined in the joints axis, in HAZ and in native materials. Steel microstructures were classified as low carbon tempered matrensite of layered construction. Mean values of the selected joints tensile strengths were also presented. The tensile tests values of native materials of metallurgic certificates were given for the sake of comparison. The research results presented in the paper made it possible to determine the weldability of S540Q steel.


In 1998, the State of California adopted a technology standard for teachers and required teacher credential programs to write a plan on how they would meet it. A technology proficiency certification system is developed, which used portfolio assessment to allow teachers to demonstrate up to three levels of proficiency. CSUB has required its faculty members to attain levels I and II. Teacher educators and students have traditionally shown resistance to using educational technology due to several factors. CSUB has ITV facilities that serve remote areas in the service region. The independent study course is adapted as an ITV course offered weekly for two hours. Similarly, those instructors refer their students to the ITV course as additional support in completing portfolios. The course is designed to explain the certification system, provide information on current ways to attain certification, demonstrate portfolio exhibits and how to assemble a portfolio. According to the survey, it is very helpful for students to have access to this resource.


We have developed a moment-based scale-bridging algorithm for thermal radiative transfer problems. The algorithm takes the form of well-known nonlinear-diffusion acceleration which utilizes a low-order (LO) continuum problem to accelerate the solution of a high-order (HO) kinetic problem. The coupled nonlinear equations that form the LO problem are efficiently solved using a preconditioned Jacobian-free Newton-Krylov method. This work demonstrates the applicability of the scale-bridging algorithm with a Monte Carlo HO solver and reports the computational efficiency of the algorithm in comparison to the well-known Fleck-Cummings algorithm. (authors)


Following the post-modern era, the digital revolution is no longer the world of engineering in not limited. The digital revolution was born the field of digital architecture. Afterward, digital architecture met a virtual theory. But shows the limits of digital architecture with virtual space. In this regards, in an attempt to find a solution to this issue, this study is designed to analyze spatial characteristics of public facilities of architect Ito Toyo well expressing regional features of Japan on the basis of modern and contemporary architect education. In methodology, we laid a framework for the analysis using definitions of wall and column as a basis of space construction, thereby identifying the characteristics of the wall structure of his architecture and examining the production and characteristics of virtual space. To conclude, building public facilities requires virtual space, and there are various approaches to it, which can be used as a new architecture design method.


Roadsides are managed as mowed turfgrass to prevent erosion, maintain visibility, provide a safety zone for stopped vehicles, and improve aesthetics. Roadside vegetation often needs to be mowed several times each growing season, and in addition to its cost mowing exposes workers to traffic and other hazards, discharges tailpipe gases, and disturbs soil. This study explored the efficacy of using commercially-available grass species that may reduce maintenance costs, yet still provide economic and ecological services such as fast establishment, erosion control, ecosystem benefits, and resilience. A literature review of over 500 journal articles, white papers, reports, and fact sheets and discussions with turfgrass experts produced a list of over 100 graminoid species. A trait-based approach was then used to select a subset of species for evaluation. The final selection included 21 species and cultivars. Each species was given an overall grade (A=Excellent, B=Good, C=Fair, D=Poor, and F=Very poor) reflecting six economic and ecological services. Maryland's standard roadside seed tall fescue received a grade below the median grade. Fine fescues ranked higher than tall fescue owing to lower stature and generally higher resilience. The native grass species Sporobolus, side-oats grama, and purple lovegrass received excellent grades (A or A-) and should be further studied as alternatives to tall fescue. Species that are not recommended for roadsides include Kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, prairie junegrass, alkaligrass, and zoysia.


This paper focuses on developing a sustainable and integrated process for the extraction of sinapic acid from oleaginous "oil-bearing" biomass. Using an optimized chemo-enzymatic technique, sinapine was effectively liberated and then completely hydrolyzed into sinapic acid. Several parameters were optimized to release sinapic acid ( e.g. , mustard species, extraction methods, mustard production dates, ethanol concentration, solids loading, extraction time and enzyme type/concentration). Subsequently, an integrated process was developed and scaled up. The results revealed that the biomass type/source and the enzyme used can substantially impact the release of sinapic acid, and overall cost, respectively. For the Canadian (NEW) lot of crude mustard bran, ~10 mg of sinapic acid/g mustard bran was successfully extracted, along with 43 mg total phenolics/g mustard bran and 71 mg sugars/g mustard bran. Lastly, supplementary portions of the biomass ( i.e. , lipids) were also discussed for their applicability as value added products.


In the present investigation, the use of artificial neural network (ANN) modelling of a diesel engine is explained to predict the brake thermal efficiency (BTE), specific fuel consumption (SFC), exhaust gas temperature (EGT), smoke density, oxygen(O2), carbon dioxide(CO2), hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) of the engine. The effect of biodiesel on engine performance is considered. Test was conducted on a single cylinder water cooled diesel engine, at a constant speed of 1500rpm and the maximum power of 5.2 kW. Diesel, B25, B50, B75 and B100 derived from pongamia biodiesel were used to measure the engine parameters and emission. For the ANN modeling, the back-propagation learning algorithm was used and Levenberg-Marquardt function was applied for the variants of the algorithm. It was observed that the ANN model is able to predict the performance and emissions with correlation coefficient (R) of the exhaust gas temperature, smoke density, CO, HC, CO2, O2, NOx, SFC and BTE yield a of 0.999428, 0.998327, 0.982433, 0.998861, 0.999459, 0.999957, 0.999333, 0.997444, and 0.999418 respectively. From the result ANN is seen as the best tool to predict the engine performance and exhaust emissions.


Building a database for the content management, thereby realizing an efficient viable apparatus, a method for setting a playlist. Setting the layers included in the content management directory as the properties defined depth and, set in association with the group containing the contents for each depth, and generates a group as a directory tree consisting of a group and the content. For example, "title", "artist" is done by the user's preference settings of the group attribute tree having a defined depth in accordance with such, possible to build a database of the user response. Further, in association with the group the tree, to generate a content reproduction order information group tree management file, a store, and it is applicable to group the tree as a playlist.


THE SPECIFICATION DESCRIBES AND CLAIMS A CURABLE COMPOSITION IN ATMOSPHERIC HUMIDITY FOR AN ELASTOMERIC BODY, WHICH UNDERSTANDS (A) THE PRODUCT FORMED MIXING A POLYMER MATERIAL THAT HAS AT LEAST TWO SILICON LINKED GROUPS THAT ARE HYDROXYPYLOPHYOXYOXYLBODY OR HYDROXYLOXYLBODY GROUPS A CURATIVE ALCOXISILAN AND (S) A COMPOUND ACCORDING TO GENERAL FORM M [OR] {SUB, X} [OR ''] {SUB, Y} WHERE M REPRESENTS A METAL THAT HAS A VALENCIA OF 4 SELECTED FROM GROUP IVB OF THE TABLE PERIODIC AND PREFERIBLY TITANIUM, X HAS A VALUE OF 0 TO 1, AND HAS A VALUE OF 3 TO 4 AND (X + Y) = 4, R '' REPRESENTS A SELECTED GROUP OF TERTIARY AND RAMIFIED-SECONDARY ALTERNATIVE HYDROCARBON GROUPS YR REPRESENTS A GROUP OF MONOVALENT LINEAR ALIFATIC HYDROCARBONS THAT HAS 1 TO 6 CARBON ATOMS AND IS DIFFERENT FROM R ''. PREFERRED COMPOUNDS (B) ARE THOSE IN WHICH R '' REPRESENTS C (R {SUP, 2} R { SUP, 3} R {SUP, 4} IN WHICH EACH R {SUP, 2}, R {SUP, 3} YR {SUP, 4} REPRESENTS A MONOVALENT ALIFATIC CHAIN THAT HAS 1 TO 6 CARBON ATOMS, AND THE MOST PREFERRED GROUPS R '' BEING TERTIARY AND T-AMILO BUTILO GROUPS. QUICKLY AND DON'T YELLOW.


This study analyzes the discourse of musicians from three different cultures of musical learning, ranging from the more formal classical European culture, through the jazz culture, to the less formal flamenco culture in Roma communities. It is based on cultural studies of learning and education and the implicit conceptions theory. Thirty-one semi-professional guitarists were interviewed about learning and teaching music. We applied the lexicometrical method using correspondence analysis. We found significant lexical differences among the three cultures for all the three educational dimensions analyzed (teaching, learning, and evaluation). We describe literal answers from the most representative participants from each culture (using the automatic selection of modal response procedure according to χ2 distance) and a qualitative analysis of their full answers. Finally, we project a distribution of the three cultures of learning onto a factorial plane, which summarizes distribution of the three cultures of learning according to two axes that we have interpreted in terms of (a) locus of control (self-others) and (b) phenomenology (analytical–emotional distance–conceptual–explicit knowledge/sensory–involvement–embodied–implicit knowledge), respectively. The discourse of classical and flamenco participants expressed other-regulated learning, although classical participants were closer to an explicit, conceptual pole, whereas flamenco participants were closer to an implicit, embodied pole. The discourse of jazz participants lay in between the other two, closer to the explicit pole, but including characteristic language about self-regulation.


The utility model discloses a lithium battery pack protection device and a lithium battery pack. The lithium battery pack protection device comprises a lower shell, an upper shell and a fastening piece, wherein the periphery of the upper end of the lower shell is provided with an extending edge which extends outwards, and the extending edge has a multi-step projection; the lower end of the upper shell is provided with the extending edge and a groove which are matched with the extending edge and the projection of the upper end of the lower shell; and the fastening piece connects the upper shell with the lower shell. After adopting the technical scheme, the water inlet path of the shell can be increased due to the mutually-matched extending edges of the upper and the lower shells, the contact area of the two extending edges is large, the fastening piece is used for increasing the pressure of the two extending edges to left a clearance seal therebetween, so water can be prevented from entering the shell. When rainwater enters the connection part of the upper and the lower shell, the projection and the groove which are mutually matched on the extending edges of the upper and the lower shells can effectively prevent the water from entering the shell. Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme solves the problem that the waterproof function loses efficacy because the tightness of the existing shell is bad after long-term vibration.


Under the given lubricating oil, rolling speed and rolling pressure, the finite element analysis software ANSYS Workbench and CFX were used to analyze the lubricating oil film and bearing by two-way fluid-to-solid coupling method, and the deformation and force of oil film and bushing with different relative clearances were calculated, as well as those with consideration of oil film temperature. Moreover, the fatigue limit theory was used to obtain the best relative clearance, which can provide theoretical data to the bearing structure optimization.


Before committing an institution to the principles of TQM, leaders should ask themselves some hard questions—for example, How much is this going to cost? How will I know if the investment is successful?.


The development of property in England between 1176 and 1220 was the result of a complicated interaction between social mores made law and bureaucratic action. In the Assize of Northampton, Henry II undertook regular supervision of proprietary decisions to prevent his men from preparing a rebellion like that of 1173-74. The supervision assumed peacetime feudal norms, but in the hands of bureaucratic justices even prior to 1200 this supervision increasingly restricted lords' power to discipline their tenants, at a time when disciplinary power was far more important than proprietary decisions. By 1220, the relative importance of proprietary matters and disciplinary power had been reversed. But proprietary action by the lord was so attenuated that seisin—lawful possession—was possible now even without lordly acceptance. Such insulation of the tenant from his lord was a bond established between the tenant and his tenement: property.


Does the protocell require too great a leap in scalar imagination for architects? A detail of a building is manageable but what about something smaller than the microscopic? Mark Morris encourages designers to scale down to the diminutive level of the nanoscale by providing them with some inspiring precedents in architectural theory and popular culture. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


: The presence of an open-circuit fault subjects a three-phase induction motor to severely unbalanced voltages that may damage the stator windings consecutively causing total shutdown of systems. Unplanned downtime is very costly. Therefore, fault diagnosis is essential for making a predictive plan for maintenance and saving the required time and cost. This paper presents a model-based diagnosis technique for diagnosing an open-circuit fault in any phase of a three-phase induction motor. The proposed strategy requires only current signals from the faulty machine to compare them with the healthy currents from an induction motor model. Then the errors of comparison are used as an objective function for a genetic algorithm that estimates the parameters of a healthy model, which they employed to identify and localize the fault. The simulation results illustrate the behaviours of basic parameters (stator and rotor resistances, self-inductances, and mutual inductance) and the number of stator winding turn parameters with respect to the location of an open-circuit fault. The results confirm that the number of stator winding turns are the useful parameters and can be utilized as an identifier for an open-circuit fault. The originality of this work is in extracting fault diagnosis features from the variations of the number of stator winding turns.


Stoquastic Hamiltonians, those for which all off-diagonal matrix elements in the standard basis are real and non-positive, are common in the physical world. We survey recent work on the complexity of stoquastic Hamiltonians. We discuss results relating stoquastic Hamiltonians and Merlin-Arthur games, including the result that stoquastic k-local Hamiltonian is StoqMA-complete, focusing in particular on the first non-trivial example of an MA-complete problem, stoquastic k-SAT.


In the snowy area, the damage caused by snow is large problem for residents' life. In the winter, residents request the satisfactory snow removal work for the reason of obtaining amenity and convenience. With the extension of the city, the cost increases year by year, but the finance constraint is very severe. Therefore, though the administration also carries out investigation and examination, the directivity is not decided still. This study carries out the analysis from viewpoints of consensus making, public involvement and the information providing effect for residents in respect of this problem. In the reason, the CS investigation was carried out, and the detailed analysis was done about the snow removal project. As the result, it is possible to demonstratively clarify the effect of the information providing and the satisfaction on the snow removal business


The weighted kappa coefficient of a binary diagnostic test is a measure of the beyond chance agreement between the diagnostic test and the gold standard, and depends on the sensitivity and the specificity of the diagnostic test, on the disease prevalence and on the relative importance between the false positives and the false negatives. This manuscript studies a hypothesis test to compare the weighted kappa coefficients of two binary diagnostic tests when, in the presence of partial disease verification, a discrete covariate is observed in all individuals. The EM algorithm is applied to estimate the weighted kappa coefficients and the SEM algorithm is applied to estimate their variances-covariances. Simulation experiments were carried out to study the size and the power of the proposed hypothesis test. The results were applied to a real example on the diagnosis of the Alzheimer's disease.


3D printing technologies have developed significantly over the last 30 years, with a major impact on all segments of today's industry. With the introduction of additive manufacturing, product development time can be greatly reduced and printing functional parts directly is also a viable option. Another advantage of additive manufacturing is that it allows greater design freedom than traditional manufacturing technologies. This makes it possible to print products with complex geometries and even different material qualities. In this paper, the authors investigated the effects of printing time, the layer thickness and the orientation on the surface roughness and cylindricity of the printed parts. The aim is to find the combination of layer thickness and part orientation which causes the best results in terms of surface roughness and cylindricity as a function of printing time.


Plasticity of conchological characters had led to erroneous descriptions and the accumulation of synonyms making difficult the discrimination among species. The land snail genus Megalobulimus is an example of this problem. Megalobulimus leucostoma (Sowerby, 1835) has three subspecies which are difficult to differentiate by using the original descriptions. The aim of this paper is to discriminate among the subspecies of M. leucostoma by using morphometric and distribution analyses. Both provide substantial differences between M. l. leucostoma and M. l lacunosus that would not support the subspecies status of the former. Megalobulimus leucostoma weyrauchi fits into the great conchological variability of M. l .leucostoma; also the sympatric status between these two subspecies would not support the subspecies status of the former, and M. l. weyrauchi should be considered as part of M. l. leucostoma.


Remote classification involves offloading complex object-recognition tasks from mobile devices to servers at the network edge. It brings to the mobile device the capability of discerning hundreds of object classes by using the computational and storage capabilities of the infrastructure. Remote classification is challenged by the finite and variable data rate of the wireless channel, which affects the capability to transfer high-dimensional features and thus limits the classification resolution. We introduce a set of metrics under the name of classification capacity that are defined as the maximum number of classes that can be discerned over a given communication channel while meeting a target probability for classification error. We treat both the cases of a channel where the instantaneous rate is known and unknown. The objective is to choose a subset of classes from a class library that offers satisfactory performance over a given channel. We treat two different cases of subset selection. First, a device can select the subset by pruning the class library until arriving at a subset that meets the targeted error probability while maximizing the classification capacity. Adopting a subspace data model, we prove the equivalence of classification capacity maximization to the problem of packing on the Grassmann manifold. The results show that the classification capacity grows exponentially with the instantaneous communication rate, and super-exponentially with the dimensions of each data cluster. This also holds for ergodic and outage capacities with fading if the instantaneous rate is replaced with an average rate and a fixed rate, respectively. In the second case, a device has a unique preference of class subset for every communication rate, which is modeled as an instance of uniformly sampling the library. Without class selection, the classification capacity and its ergodic and outage counterparts are proved to scale linearly with their corresponding communication rates instead of the exponential growth in the last case.


This paper focuses on the effect of shape anisotropy on the magnetic and tunnelling magnetoresistance (TMR) properties of oleylamine-coated magnetite (Fe3O4) nanorod assemblies. Fe3O4 nanorods with a wide variation in length (35–180 nm) and diameter (5.5–24 nm) are obtained by a facile two-step process where β-FeOOH nanorods are first prepared hydrothermally, followed by a transformation to the Fe3O4 phase in an oleylamine medium via a solvo-thermal reaction. An observation of the Verwey transition at 120 K and analyses of Mössbauer spectra indicate that the as-synthesized Fe3O4 nanorods are highly stoichiometric. In an assembly of nanorods, a surface-functionalizing oleylamine layer acts as the insulating dielectric layer to form multiple tunnel junctions between the semi-metallic nanorods, and intergrain tunnelling takes place. A 14% TMR is recorded in the nanorod assemblies at room temperature, which interestingly increases by a factor of 1.4 when the nanorods are pre-aligned under an external magnetic field. For aligned nanorods, the magnetic moments stay in parallel to each other and result in higher spin-polarized current. The observed TMR value increases with a decrease in temperature, and attains a maximum value of 31% at the Verwey transition temperature. Spin polarization of the nanorod assemblies is estimated to be 46% at room temperature.


Though the vibration of the ground has been paid attention by some scholars,the main concern is measurement of the level of vibration of the ground generated by different kinds of vehicles crossing speed control humps with varied shapes.This paper studies the process and mechanics of the generation of the vibration using vehicle model with two freedoms.The process is divided into three parts: the shock to the speed control hump generated by the tires,the vertical vibration when vehicle crossing speed control humps,the shock to the ground when the vehicle falls down on the ground.By modeling and measurement,this paper studies the process.When the vehicles cross speed control humps with high speeds,the vehicle-hop would happen.The criteria speed is determined in this paper.


In this paper, three well-known scientific theories of legal narrative are summarized: Bennett and Feldman's (1981) theory of legal storytelling, Pennington and Hastie's (1986) story model of juror decision making, and Sunwolf's (2006) decisional regret theory. Next, the use of legal narrative by participants in the Oregon Citizens' Initiative Review (CIR), a public deliberation about ballot initiatives (Gastil & Knobloch, 2010) is described. Results of a content analysis of narratives observed in the transcripts of the 2010 CIR are presented. Finally, the suitability of the theories of Bennett and Feldman (1981), Pennington and Hastie (1986), and Sunwolf (2006) for explaining the use of narrative by CIR panelists is evaluated, and additional theories of narrative communication, which may shed light on significant aspects of CIR participants' use of storytelling, are identified.


Resveratrol, a naturally occurring polyphenol in red grapes and berries, can act as a phytoestrogen. It has been shown to improve both systemic and cerebral circulatory functions, possibly through activation of endothelial estrogen receptors. in vitro and in vivo studies in rodent models also indicate a bone‐protective role for resveratrol, particularly in ovariectomized rat models that mimic postmenopausal osteoporosis caused by estrogen deficiency. Hypothesizing a circulatory benefit of resveratrol in bone tissue, we investigated whether resveratrol supplementation could improve bone health in postmenopausal women. The Resveratrol for Healthy Aging in Women (RESHAW) trial was a 24‐month randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, two‐period crossover intervention conducted to evaluate the effects of resveratrol (75 mg twice daily) on cognition, cerebrovascular function, bone health, cardiometabolic markers, and well‐being in postmenopausal women. After 12 months of supplementation with resveratrol versus placebo, there were positive effects on bone density in the lumbar spine (+0.016 ± 0.003 g/cm2) and neck of femur (+0.005 ± 0.002 g/cm2), which were accompanied by a 7.24% reduction in C‐terminal telopeptide type‐1 collagen levels, a bone resorption marker, compared with placebo. The increase in bone mineral density in the femoral neck resulted in an improvement in T‐score (+0.070 ± 0.018) and a reduction in the 10‐year probability of major and hip fracture risk. The magnitude of improvement was higher in women with poor bone health biomarker status. Importantly, the improvement in femoral neck T‐score with resveratrol correlated with improvement in perfusion. Our subanalysis also revealed that the bone‐protective benefit of resveratrol was greater in participants who supplemented with vitamin D plus calcium. Regular supplementation with 75 mg of resveratrol twice daily has the potential to slow bone loss in the lumbar spine and femoral neck, common fracture sites in postmenopausal women without overt osteoporosis. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.


The energy system is transitioning to integrate distributed energy resources (DERs) at massive scale, which requires active operational management of electricity distribution networks. State estimation (SE) is a key tool for network operators to facilitate real-time monitoring and active network management while integrating DER with a dynamic customer connection (DCC). This paper presents an investigation of robust and efficient SE algorithms suited to large-scale distribution power networks. The conventional weighted least squares (WLS) SE method and the emerging adaptive state estimation (ASE) algorithm are compared to find the most suitable one for robust performance. Our numerical studies find that the ASE algorithm provides built-in robustness to various measurement scenarios, making it better suited to distribution network operations. Fol-lowing this, a detailed exploration of the ASE algorithm is carried out to evaluate the real-time capability considering computation time with different network sizes. Our findings show that the ASE algorithm faces serious computational challenges and show longer estimation time as the size of the network increase. Despite being an excellent algorithm, it is suggested that the ASE algorithm needs to undergo some modification to overcome computational challenges while handling diverse measurements in large power network applications.


Objective: To investigate the feasibility of using polyamidoamine(PAMAM)dendrimer as survivin antisense oligodeoxynucleotide(survivin-asODN) delivery system and to explore the effects of polyamidoamine dendrimer-survivin antisense oligodeoxynucleotide on the apoptosis of human hepatic cancer cell line SMMC-7721.Mehtods: The PAMAM-Survivin-asODN complex was prepared by mixing the 3.66 μg/L PAMAM dendrimer and 200 μg/L survivin antisense oligodeoxynucleotide.Meanwhile,the liposome-survivin-asODN complex was prepared as control.The shape and size of the complex were observed by transmission electron microscope and the zeta potential was measured by analytical tool.The encapsulating efficiency,DNA loading level,and the in vitro release speed were determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometer and centrifugation.The transfection efficiency of survivin-asODN in SMMC7721 cells was measured.The protein expression of survivin was measured by Western blotting analysis and the apoptosis rate of SMMC-7721 was assessed by flow cytometry(FCM).Results: The PAMAM-survivin-asODN complex was successfully prepared and the diameter of complex was shorter than that of liposome-survivin-asODN complex([64.9±9.60] vs [193.9±32.20],P0.01).The zeta potential of the complex was higher than that of liposome-survivin-asODN complex([37.7±3.80] vs [22.6±2.20],P0.05).No significant difference in the envelopment rates and loading levels were found between 2 groups.The in vitro release of survivin DNA lasted 14 days in PAMAM-survivin-asODN complex and 5 days in the liposome-survivin-asODN group.The transfection efficiency of PAMAM-survivin-asODN was higher than that ofliposome-survivin-asODN(P0.05).The expression of survivin protein in PAMAM-survivin-asODN group was less than that of in the liposome-survivin-asODN group([26.8±5.65] vs [36.96±5.89],P0.05) and the cell apoptosis rate was higher than that in the liposome-survivin-asODN group([60.3±8.25] vs [48.7±9.39],P0.05).Conclusion: The polyamidoamine dendrimer can effectively deliver survivin-asODN into SMMC-7721 cells and induce SMMC-7721cells apoptosis.


Abstract Medical assistance in dying (MAiD) and palliative sedation (PS) are both legal options in Canada that may be considered by patients experiencing intolerable and unmanageable suffering. A contentious, lively debate has been ongoing in the literature regarding the similarities and differences between MAiD and PS. The aim of this paper is to explore the propositions that MAiD and PS are essentially similar and conversely that MAiD and PS are distinctly different. The relevance of such a debate is apparent for clinicians and patients alike. Understanding the complex and multi‐faceted nuances between PS and MAiD allows patients and caregivers to make more informed decisions pertaining to end‐of‐life care. It is hoped that this paper will also serve to foster further debate and consideration of the issues associated with PS and MAiD with a view to improve patient care and the quality of both living and dying in Canada.


Smart Heath incorporates big data and IOT in recent years. The wearable devices such as gadgets watch are used to assist with the health activity and constant monitoring of the health. By using the integration of using wireless sensor networks, the large amount of data is associated with the patient's health condition. As the data are stored in the cloud, privacy over preserving the data plays a vital role as the communication channel gets compromised. To increase the secure aspects over the communication range, Data-CAAC mechanism is used. Data-CAAC incorporates with the smart watch to constantly monitor the access over the data mechanism both in space and time context mechanism. LSH is used to enhance the secure mechanism by enclosing the confidentiality data along with it. To encrypt these data, Data-CAAC encryption technique is used to encrypt over the access control where the cuckoo filter carries out the data structure to avoid getting compromised. The automated SVO logic analysis is used to determine the correctness in accuracy where it achieves high efficiency and low computational cost. It attains high reliability with good accuracy performance.


Abstract : It has been observed, that the behavior of missiles either moving under the influence of non-linear forces and moments or flying at large angles of yaw is frequently well described by curves of the same form as those generated by linear force systems and small angles of yaw. With this in mind an "equivalent" linear solution to the actual equations of yawing motion is obtained. This equivalent linear solution has been used in the analysis of a wide variety of programs fired on HRL's Spark Ranges and considerable success has been experienced. Excellent internal consistency has been observed in measuring non-linear normal and Magnus forces and their moments and, in all cases where wind tunnel results were available, they were in good agreement with range results. The application of this technique to the equally important problem of predicting yawing motion is described.


This article brings two artistic works assembled in Dourados/MS, Fragmentos de Corpos Urbanos (2016), by Cia. Ultima Hora, and Jaity Muro (2018), starring Junia Pereira and Rossandra Cabreira (Kuna Poty Rajegua), for analysis and crossings between voice and speech, especially between urban and non-urban spaces. Voice and speech are important themes in the voice area within the Performing Arts course at the Federal University of Grande Dourados, recently emphasized in the discipline Techniques and Poetics of Voice III - taught in the second half of 2019 by Marcos Chaves. The authors develop this communication to expand conversations inside the University of Dourados, and for reverberations and external exchanges regarding the theme.


Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is immune mediated injury of the peripheral nerves. This condition can affect any individuals with some trigger. Here the disease affected the lady in her last trimester of pregnancy which was complicated with pre-eclampsia and acute kidney injury. Later she recovered by multimodal treatment approach, with a prolonged intensive care unit stay. Currently she and her baby are stable with frequent follow up. This case highlights the fact that GBS can affect any trimester of pregnancy and her pregnancy could be a trigger. Further, treatment approach involves multiple specialties including internal medicine, nephrologist, neurologist, physiotherapist and psychiatrist.


RCGP. Clinical module 3.08: Sexual health. Available at: www.rcgp.org.uk/training-exams/training/gp-curriculum-overview/online-curriculum/applying-clinical-knowledge-section-1/ 3-08-sexual-health.aspx (accessed 1 September 2018). RCGP. Clinical module 3.14: Care of people who misuse drugs and alcohol. Available at: www.rcgp.org.uk/training-exams/training/gp-curriculum-overview/online-curriculum/managing-complex-care/3-14-drugs-and-alcohol-misuse.aspx (accessed 1 September 2018).


From the start of treatment,the female patients accepting assisted reproductive technology sustained the various pressures brought by physical,psychological pressure,social relations pressure,economic pressure,and so on,which have profound adverse effects to their future lives.Therefore,in order to avoid unnecessary harm to female patients in the treatment process,we should respect their rights to equal medical treatments and informed consent,protect their physical and mental health,respect their personality and dignity and improve their life quality.


An 18 year old female reported with the chief complaints of irregular upper front teeth, difficulty in speech and multiple decayed and missing teeth. She had convex profile, increased lower anterior facial height (LAFH) and prominent root of nose. She had a long upper lip with notching at the centre, reminiscent of the pseudo cleft of the lip. Intraorally, the picture was highly grim; upper arch was severely constricted Vshaped with very deep palate, the palatal cleft involved the part of hard and soft palate, tongue was multilobed on both dorsal and ventral surface with irregular contours and no defined boundary. There were multiple hypoplastic, missing and decayed teeth especially in the lower arch. Further examination lead to simultaneous finding of polydactyly, syndactyly and brachydactyly in both the hands and feet. This lead to diagnosis of Orofacial Digital Syndrome; a rare genetic anomaly presenting characteristic disorders of formation in the face, oral cavity and digits of both the limbs.


We use dimeric arsenic (As2) or tetrameric arsenic (As4) during molecular beam epitaxy to manipulate the structural and optical properties of GaAs(111)A tensile-strained quantum dots (TSQDs). Choice of arsenic species affects nucleation and growth behavior during TSQD self-assembly. Previously, epitaxial GaAs(111)A TSQDs have been grown with As4, producing TSQDs with a triangular base, and 'A-step' edges perpendicular to the three 11‾2 directions. We demonstrate that using As2 at low substrate temperature also results in triangular GaAs(111)A TSQDs, but with 'B-step' edges perpendicular to the three 112ˉ directions. We can therefore invert the crystallographic orientation of these triangular nanostructures, simply by switching between As4 and As2. At higher substrate temperatures, GaAs(111)A TSQDs grown under As2 develop with a hexagonal base. Compared with triangular dots, the higher symmetry of hexagonal TSQDs may reduce fine-structure splitting on this (111) surface, a requirement for robust photon entanglement. Regardless of shape, GaAs(111)A TSQDs grown under As2 exhibit superior optical quality.


Inorganic SiON BARC has been used widely in I-line lithography and 248nm DUV lithography because of its good photo performance and tunable reflective index (n) and extinction coefficient (k) on specific substrates. Conventional single layer SiON BARC on poly, WSix or Al (TiN) has successfully enhanced CD control. However, when applying single layer SiON BARC on top of oxide hard mask, tight thickness control of hard mask becomes a major issue in order to maintain the substrate reflectivity for good photo performance. Dual layer SiON BARC presented in this paper resolves the issue with wide range of hard mask thickness control. Unlike conventional organic BARC where the absorption is the primary mechanisms and the conventional single layer inorganic BARC where phase shift cancellation is dominant, the dual layer BARC uses both phase shift cancellation and light absorption mechanism. The design of dual layer BARC is that top layer serves as phase shift cancellation layer and bottom layer serves as light absorption layer with high k value. Therefore, with fixed bottom absorption layer, top layer n and k and thickness can be fine tuned to get the best photo performances. The advantages of dual layer SiON BARC are that there is no need for the tight BARC thickness control as in the case of single layer SiON BARC as well as for hard mask thickness control. Since the light is all absorbed by the bottom BARC layer, the periodical phenomena of light passing through transparent hard mask film does not exist. Detail information of setting up dual layer SiON BARC by both simulation and experiment are described here. The comparison between dual layer BARC and single layer BARC shows that smaller swing ratio and tighter CD control can be obtained in the case of dual layer BARC. Similarly, the comparison between dual layer SiON BARC and organic BARC shows that smaller iso-dense bias and better resist profile can be obtained with dual layer SiON BARC.


The invention belongs to the scan driving field, and relates to a designing method of a linear guiderail scanning head. The linear guiderail scanning head at least comprises a pedestal, a linear guiderail and a scanning head, the track of the linear guiderail is fixedly connected with the pedestal, the scanning head is fixedly connected with the slide block of the linear guiderail, the slide block is in sliding connection with the track, all surfaces of the slide block contacting the track respectively adopt a lattice type hiding pit structure, and there is a solid lubricant in the hiding pits. The linear guiderail scanning head allows the lattice type hiding pit structure to be adopted by the surfaces of the slide block contacting the track, and the lubricant in the hiding pits forms a lubricant film in each of the surfaces of the slide block contacting the track in the reciprocating linear motion process, so the sliding effect is improved; and the preservation time of the lubricant is longer than that of a specific surface direct covering mode because of the existence of the hiding pits, so the service life of the linear guiderail is prolonged, thereby the performances of the linear guiderail scanning head are enhanced.


In order to power or charge electronic devices wirelessly, a bi-directional wireless power transfer method has been proposed and experimentally investigated. In the proposed design, two receiving coils are used on both sides of a transmitting coil along its central axis to receive the power wirelessly from the generated magnetic fields through strongly coupled magnetic resonance. It has been observed experimentally that the maximum power transfer occurs at the operating resonant frequency for optimum electric load connected across the receiving coils on both side. The optimum wireless power transfer efficiency is 88% for the bi-directional power transfer technique compared 84% in the one side receiver system. By adopting the developed bi-directional power transfer method, two electronic devices can be powered up or charged simultaneously instead of a single device through usual one side receiver system without affecting the optimum power transfer efficiency.


This article explains and demonstrates the importance of psychiatric advance directives and the benefits and obstacles involved in implementing them.


Objective To determine N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase (MPG) expression in human osteosarcoma and analyze its association with clinicopathology and prognosis, to construct adenoviral vector of MPG and study its ability to sensitize human osteosarcoma cell HOS to DNA damage agents. Methods The MPG expression was determined by immunohistochemical staining in 60 specimens and 3 cell lines (HOS, SAOS-2, U2OS) of human osteosarcoma. High expression group and low expression group were divided according to their staining intensity, and their association with clinicopathological data and prognosis was analyzed statistically with SAS software. The adenoviral infection and MPG expression, as well as enzyme activity were determined by flow cytometry, Western blotting, and HEX labeled oligonucleotide-based assay respectively. The cell survival/proliferation was measured using MTS, SRB, and thymidine incorporation assay. Apoptotic cells were assayed by flow cytometry after treated with phycoerythin (PE)-conjugated Annexin V and 7-amino-actinomycin (7-AAD). Results The high expression of MPG was found in 40 cases (67%), while low expression in three cell lines of osteosarcoma. MPG expression was significantly associated with WHO histological classification and prognosis by single factor regression analysis. The recombinant adenovirus of 10 MOI was found to infect more than 90% of HOS cells within 24 h by EGFP fluorescence, in which the MPG overexpression and MPG enzyme activity were also detected. The HOS cells with MPG overexpression were more sensitive to the DNA damage agents including MMS, MNNG, and TMZ, and the IC_(50) of three DNA damage agents decreased by 6.0, 4.5, and 2.5 fold respectively. Conclusion Transient MPG overexpression is a potential therapeutic approach for increasing HOS cellular sensitivity to DNA damage agent in chemotherapy.