Non-Performing Loans portfolio (NPLs) is a major issue faced by the financial system worldwide and in Greece as well with extremely influence during the financial crisis decade. The purpose of this research is to investigate and determine if and how the NPLs influence the efficiency indicators of the Greek banks and specifically how they affect efficiency of the banks. The empirical investigation of Non-Performing loans included a comparative study of indicators of efficiency of the Greek banks, National Bank of Greece, Piraeus Bank, Alpha Bank, Eurobank, Attica Bank and the Co-operative Banks of Epirus, Crete, Thessaly, and Serres, for the year 2017. The conclusions resulted concern the display of financial size of the bank sample, the correlation of loans with outflows, the multifaceted analysis of linear regression to control the effects of loans and finally the effect of lending on the banks' performance. International Finance and Banking ISSN 2374-2089 2021, Vol. 8, No. 1 2


The electrochemical reduction of 5-mercuriuridine monophosphate, diphosphate, and triphosphate nucleotides at mercury electrodes in aqueous solution is reported. Both diffusion-controlled and surface-confined electrode reactions were observed. In aqueous KCl electrolytes, the diffusion-controlled pathway involved the two-electron reduction of the carbon−mercury bond to give the parent nucleotide. In D2O solution, the corresponding 5-deutero nucleotide was formed. All three mercurated nucleotides formed compact monolayers on the mercury electrode surface in accord with the Langmuir isotherm. Anomalies in the voltammetric behavior and the adsorption isotherm of the 5-mercuriuridine monophosphate in KCl solution are ascribed to the formation of polymeric anions by coordination of the mercury substituent with the nitrogen of the pyrimidine ring. The reduction mechanism of the surface-confined nucleotides is more complex than the diffusion-controlled reaction. For the surface reaction, two one-electron steps (...


An oxamidato group in a trans conformation bridges two trimethyltriazacyclononane moieties. Each Cu atom is fivefold coordinated by four N and one O atoms. The N and O atoms of the oxamidato ligand are disordered over two sites giving two different trans conformations. The cations are packed along [100] with iodide and triiodide anions between them. The I 3 - ions are disordered and have asymmetric I-I bond lengths


1. Myofibrillar ATP consumption and isometric tension (P0) were determined in chemically skinned skeletal muscle fibres from human rectus abdominis and vastus lateralis muscle. Fibres were classified in four groups (I, IIA, IIB, IIA/B or mixed) based on myosin heavy chain composition. 2. ATP consumption (+/‐ S.E.M.) at 20 degrees C varied from 0.41 +/‐ 0.06 mmol l‐1 s‐1 in type IIB fibres (n = 5) to 0.10 +/‐ 0.01 mmol l‐1 s‐1 in type I fibres (n = 13). 3. The ratio between ATPase activity and P0 (tension cost) differed significantly between fast type II and slow type I fibres. At 12 degrees C tension cost was lower than the values found previously in corresponding fibre types in the rat. 4. The relative increase in ATPase activity for a 10 degrees C temperature change (Q10), determined in the range from 12 to 30 degrees C, was temperature independent and amounted to 2.60 +/‐ 0.06. The increase in P0 with temperature was smaller and declined when the temperature increased. 5. From these measurements, estimates were obtained for the maximum rate of isometric ATP consumption and force development at muscle temperature in vivo (35 degrees C).


The application of S-EMS is an important guarantee for the improvement of the surface quality of ferritic stainless steel product.However,it is not so easy to get the stable and large equiaxed crystal zone of ferritic stainless steel slab for the steel making plant because the processes and equipments affect the S-EMS efficiency obviously.the process effect factors of S-EMS was studied in Baosteel Stainless Steel.The internal connection between the process factors and its mechanism was discussed.After that,it is possible to point out the process direction for the ferritic stainless steel slab casting.


In this paper we assess the open IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) robustness against malformed message attacks. We employ an IMS test-bed architecture using two different testing suites; the PROTOS which is publicly available, and a proprietary one, that has been develop for the purpose of this specific work. Results have highlighted that although IMS can effectively handle well-known malformed messages, such as those utilized in PROTOS, it cannot manage satisfactorily unknown malformed messages. During the attack scenarios memory consumption increases up to 25%, while the end-to-end delay experienced by the users increases up to 4000%.


The litters of Bt corn would go into the soil through straw returning and field ploughing after cultivation. To clarify whether the leaf litter decomposition rate and the non-target soil Collembola were influenced by the Bt protein or other litter properties in leaf litters of Bt corn in Northeast China, leaf litterbags of Bt-506, its near isoline Zheng 58 and a local type Zhengdan 958 were used in the field in Northeast China. The leaf decomposition rate, the leaf properties and the collembolan community in litterbags were investigated later. After seven months, only 43.5 ng/g Bt protein in Bt-506 leaf litter was left. All the investigated indices were not significantly different between Bt-506 and its near isoline Zheng 58. But when compared with local type Zhengdan 958, Bt-506 and its near isoline Zheng 58 contained lower non-structural carbohydrate content but higher total nitrogen content, and had lower litter decomposition rate and less abundance of Collembola. Collembolan abundance and litter decomposition rate were both significantly correlated with the non-structural carbohydrate and total nitrogen contents of the leaf litters. Field study results revealed Bt protein did not affect the leaf litter decomposition rate and the collembolan community in leaf litterbags in short term. The significant differences of these investigated indices among corn types were caused by the different non-structural carbohydrate and total nitrogen contents in leaf litter.


The preparation conditions of immobilized cells with valine-pyruvate transaminase activity are studied.The optimal temperature,pH and operational stability of immobilized cells are also investigated.The results show that the optimal conditions for preparation of immobilized cells are sodium alginate of 30g/L,glutaraldehyde of 1.5%(V/V),cells loaded concentration of 40g/L,cells immobilization time of 4h.The immobilized cells are continuously used for 10 times and the average conversion rate is 15.48%,which shows better stability.


The elasticity of demand for traffic se1vices is the adapta tion of traffic supply to traffic demand. The elasticity of such demand is low which is specific of the transport market, espe cially from the aspect of designing traffic demand. The essence of the problem of low elasticity can be noticed in three basic properties: First, in the change of place which determines the traffic de mand or traffic relation. Second is the continuity of the need to transport goods and passengers. Third, the needs for transport may vmy according to the changes in society and economy, and they also change the sources of traffic demand. Therefore, the elasticity of demand for traffic se1vices is relatively low.


The life of LED driver is mainly dependent on the component used in it. Elimination of electrolytic capacitor is done so that the life of LED driver will increase, if an ac-dc LED driver with power factor correction control is used than the output will be a pulsating current for driving the LED. Since the pulsating current will introduce light flicker that varies double the power line frequency. In this paper, A flicker-free electrolytic capacitor less single-phase ac-dc driver for LED lighting is presented. The component used are PFC converter and bidirectional converter, which serves to absorb the ac component of the pulsating current of the PFC converter, leaving only a dc component to drive the LED. The output filter capacitor of the bidirectional converter is intentionally designed to have a large voltage ripple, thus its capacitance can be greatly reduced. Consequently, film capacitors can be used instead of electrolytic capacitors, leading to the realization of a flicker-free ac-dc LED driver that has a long lifetime


Introduction: Impact craters with central pits are common on Mars, Ganymede, and Callisto but rare elsewhere in the solar system. Central pit craters display a central depression, either directly on the crater floor ("floor pit") or atop a central peak ("summit pit") (Fig. 1). Floor pits dominate among central pit craters on Ganymede and Callisto, but Martian central pits are almost equally divided between floor and summit pits. Subsurface volatiles have been implicated in the formation of central pit structures. Four models have been proposed for the formation of central pits on Mars: • Collapse of a central peak in weak target materials ("central peak collapse model") [1]. • Excavation into layered target materials ("layered target model") [2]. • Vaporization of target ice during crater formation and explosive release of the resulting gas ("ice vaporization model") [3]. • Melting of target ice during crater formation and subsequent drainage of the liquid through subsurface fractures ("melt drainage model") [4]. We have been conducting a study of the distributions and characteristics of Martian central pit craters [5, 6]. Although the study is continuing, our results to date are providing new constraints on the proposed central pit formation models.


The paper discusses the suffix- му"们"which expresses the plural concept in Dun- gan language and "们"in modern Chinese,expressing the sameness and diffrence in use between them.At the same time,the paper pursues the origin of these characteristics.


In the development of adaptive systems in control theory and signal processing, it frequently occurs that the problem of orthonormalization must be addressed. This paper explored the underlying mathematical framework of developing orthonormalization methods that are free of computing matrix square roots. These algorithms are easily modified so that minor and principal component analysis methods are developed. The proposed methods have several important features: 1) higher order convergence can be achieved by choosing a specific stepsize, 2) the methods can be used to compute square root of positive definite matrices.


Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) have great potential to be used in a wide variety of civil applications such as environmental applications, emergency situations, surveillance tasks and more. The development of Flight Control Systems (FCS) coupled with the availability of other Commercial Off-The Shelf (COTS) components is enabling the introduction of UAS into the civil market. The sophistication of existing FCS is also making these systems accessible to end users with little aeronautics expertise. However, much work remains to be done to deliver systems that can be properly integrated in standard aeronautical procedures used by manned aviation.

In previous research advances have been proposed in the flight plan capabilities by offering semantically much richer constructs than those present in most current UAS autopilots. The introduced flight plan is organized as a set of stages, each one corresponding to a different flight phase. Each stage contains a structured collection of legs inspired by current practices in Area Navigation (RNAV). However, the most critical parts of any flight, the depart and approach operations in an integrated airspace remain mostly unexplored.

This paper introduces an assessment of both operations for UAS operating in VFR and IFR modes. Problems and potential solutions are proposed, as well as an automating strategy that should greatly reduce pilot workload. Although the


E. C. M. Silva-Zacarin, M. P. Chauzat, S. Zeggane, P. Drajnudel, F. Schurr, J. P. Faucon, O. Malaspina, J. A. Engler Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology (LABEF), Federal University of Sao Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba, Rodovia Joao Leme dos Santos, Km 110 SP-264, CEP 18052-780, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil 2 Unit of Honey bee Pathology, ANSES (French agency for food, environmental and occupational health safety), 105, route des Chappes, BP 111, F-06902 Sophia Antipolis, France Center for the Study of Social Insects (CEIS), Departement of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP University, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil 4 UMR/ISA Institute Sophia Agrobiotech, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 400 route des Chappes, F06903 Sophia Antipolis, France * firstname.lastname@example.com


The principles of adult learning are crucial aspects to be examined since they play significant roles in the learning process involving adults. This study aims to identify the principles that are most applied by or the most helpful to OUM learners in order to obtain good academic results. Applying such principles at the individual level significantly contributes to the success of OUM learners in their studies as indicated by researchers who found that adapting the principles of adult learning in the learning process can in turn provide significant benefits for the students (Sweeny, 2008). It is also considered as best practices for the learners (Goodlad, 2005), with a strong correlation found between principles of adult learning and academic success in the learning process of university students (Roger, 2002).The data collected for this study will be limited to the Klang Valley for geographical reasons with the results identifying the principles of adult learning that help our learners to be academically focused and successful.


How do states censor an artistic genre that challenges the social norms? The answers to this question in the existing literature are mostly based on investigations of particular artists or artworks of the genre, while the impact on the entire genre field remains unchecked. This paper explores how censorship of an artistic genre changes artistic forms of that genre while also triggering strategic reactions from the artists of closely related genres. Using an original dataset of 53,364 songs released on a Chinese online music platform, I study the impact of Hip-Hop censorship in China in 2018 on Hip-Hop as well as Pop, Rock, and Folk songs in terms of how they sound and what topics they write about in the lyrics. I propose a novel approach to measuring sound similarities and topic prevalence in song lyrics using computational tools including Music Information Retrieval (MIR), neural networks, and topic models. I found that Hip-Hop songs produced after the censorship sound significantly different from those before, with a bigger impact on songs that were played frequently on the platform than those that were not. Moreover, genres of similarly restricted production, such as Rock, sound more like Hip-Hop after the censorship, while genres of large-scale production, such as Pop, sound less "Hip-Hopy". The censorship also made Hip-Hop musicians engage less with topics related to violence, smoking, or drinking but more with sexual content in a covered form. The findings thus suggest a model of dispersion in explaining the mechanism of censorship in cultural production.


: Xi'an has been approved as the fourth "dual-center" city in China, which not only helps to enhance the country's core competitiveness and showcase the city's scientific and technological capabilities as a hub of cutting-edge innovation but also presents an excellent opportunity for local innovation and transformation. Against this backdrop, an examination of the significance of language environment construction, investigation of the current status of linguistic environments in public services, technology districts, and emerging industrial areas, and the implementation of targeted optimization strategies will effectively promote publicity, attract investment, and bolster the construction of Xi'an's "dual-center" city image. In turn, the city's future development prospects will be vastly improved.


Telecommunications service providers constantly struggle with the delicate balance of shrinking maintenance budgets and the erosion of their internal knowledge base. Focus on the growing data requirements and new technologies has increased the demand for preventative maintenance in networks for all technologies and domains. Service providers are asking technical experts to identify issues and recommend solutions to achieve optimal network performance and prevent service disruptions. Critical resources in their maintenance and operations groups are seeking support to identify potential network problems, prioritize efforts, and identify the related work activities. Lucent Technologies has responded to these needs by creating a portfolio of preventative maintenance services that identify, analyze, and recommend solutions to solve and prevent network issues. The preventative maintenance suite of services utilizes a combination of specialized skills and state-of-the-art platforms to address network issues such as performance degradation and capacity bottlenecks. The services portfolio includes diagnostic reports and online views of hardware configurations of critical network components for wireline and wireless networks.


To analyze the thermal effect of the pile foundation of permafrost, a two-dimensional transient finite element model of the thermal fields with phase change were established. The developments of heat influence limit and maximum thawed depth with and without climate warming were predicted and analyzed. Results indicate that (1) the heat influence limit and maximum thaw depth in permafrost regions enlarge with time elapse, while the global climate warming will have a greater influence to full-space pile foundation compared with the cone-cylinder pile foundation; (2) Considering the global climate warming, heat influence limit (Lmax) and maximum thaw depth (Hmax) in 50th year for full-space pile foundation, cone-cylinder pile foundation are 10.1m, 5.2m, 4.1m, 3.7m, respectively; the maximum thaw depth of full-space pile foundation during the operation will have exceeded the depth of structure (2.5m), which might put the structure at risk; (3) the structure of cone-cylinder pile foundation could effectively preserve permafrost and avoid pile foundations failure; (4) the spacing of cone-cylinder pile foundations is reasonable and the interaction of temperature distribution among cone-cylinder pile foundations can be negligible.


We have demonstrated a passively Q-switched Erbium-doped fiber laser using PbS quantum dots polystyrene film (QDPF) as saturable absorbers (SAs). Compared with other SA materials, PbS QDPFs have advantages of broad absorption range, high quantum yield, and facile preparation. We have successfully generated stable Q-switched pulse with a repetition rate of 20.98 kHz. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of passively Q-switched pulse generation using PbS QDPF as SAs.


Only an applied university is well constructed can applied personnel be cultivated.All of these are inseparable with the construction of practical teaching.Using Guangdong Peizheng College as an example,this article explores the basic principle and methods in the aspects of strengthening practical teaching,constructing applied universities and cultivating applied personnel.


Context
Insulin resistance (IR) in skeletal muscle contributes to whole body hyperglycemia and the secondary complications associated with type 2 diabetes. Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase-1 (IP6K1) may inhibit insulin-stimulated glucose transport in this tissue type.

Objective
Muscle and plasma IP6K1 were correlated with two-compartment models of glucose control in insulin-resistant hyperinsulinemic individuals. Muscle IP6K1 was also compared after two different exercise trials.

Design
Nine prediabetic [hemoglobin A1c; 6.1% (0.2%)] patients were recruited to take part in a resting control, a continuous exercise (90% of lactate threshold), and a high-intensity exercise trial (6 30-second sprints). Muscle biopsies were drawn before and after each 60-minute trial. A labeled ([6,62H2]glucose) intravenous glucose tolerance test was performed immediately after the second muscle sample.

Results
Fasting muscle IP6K1 content did not correlate with insulin sensitivity (SI2*) (P = 0.961). High-intensity exercise reduced IP6K1 muscle protein and messenger RNA expression (P = 0.001). There was no effect on protein IP6K1 content after continuous exercise. Akt308 phosphorylation of was significantly greater after high-intensity exercise. Intermittent exercise reduced hepatic glucose production after the same trial. The same intervention also increased SI2*, and this effect was significantly greater compared with the effect of continuous exercise improvements. Our in vitro experiment demonstrated that the chemical inhibition of IP6K1 increased insulin signaling in C2C12 myotubes.

Conclusions
The in vivo and in vitro approaches used in the current study suggest that a decrease in muscle IP6K1 may be linked to whole body increases in SI2*. In addition, high-intensity exercise reduces hepatic glucose production in insulin-resistant individuals.


After the completion of the antiproton programme, the Low-Energy Antiproton Ring (LEAR) will be able to serve as an accumulator ring for heavy ions in the injector chain of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). For injection and accumulation, a scheme is proposed, which exploits both the longitudinal and the transverse acceptances of LEAR. Compared to a classical multiturn injection, a factor 3 to 5 in intensity is gained for the set of parameters pertaining to this case; furthermore emittances, which are more favorable for electron cooling, result. The principle is outlined and computer simulations are presented.


Due to the shortcomings of current semantic similarity metric not fully using the semantic information of ontology and its complex computation,this paper proposes a new semantic similarity metric calculation method based on the feature of concept,which makes full use of the information of ontology structure.It expresses each concept as a set of features according to the hierarchy of ontology,and introduces a width influencing factor as the coefficient of each feature.It obtains the semantic similarity through calculating the similarity between two sets.It introduces a depth influencing factor,and amends the semantic metric to a more understandable form.Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the metric is simple,and the results are close to human judgment.


The invention discloses a rural power grid low voltage circuit tail end compensator of primary side regulating. The rural power grid low voltage circuit tail end compensator of primary side regulating comprises two parts of a main circuit and a control circuit, wherein the main circuit comprises a single phase isolation transformer, a protection fuse protector and a contactor. The control circuit comprises a control circuit board and a direct current switch power supply. The rural power grid low voltage circuit tail end compensator of primary side regulating connects a primary side winding of the single phase isolation transformer into an electrical grid through the controlled contactor, a slave side winding is in series connection with the tail end of a low voltage circuit, through control function of the control circuit, when needed, the voltage of the tail end of the transformer and the voltage of the electrical grid can be enabled to overlap in a consequent mode to realize voltage boost compensation on the tail end voltage, and of course the voltage of the tail end of the transformer and the voltage of the electrical grid can be enabled to overlap in a reverse mode to realize voltage reduction compensation on the tail end voltage.


Martin Rudwick's The Great Devonian Controversy is a monumental achievement and a classic in the philosophy and history of science. As a case study of one of the watershed moments in the history of geology, it is not only great history, but it is also a test case for the ories about the nature of scientific knowledge. It is also well written, engaging, and fascinating as a narrative and a de tectiv story, based on a great mass of material, including letters sometimes written on a daily basis between the principals of the dispute.


Key relationships between molecular structure and final properties are reported for standard flow and high flow grades of commercially-available polyetheretherketone (PEEK) resins that differ primarily in molecular weight and molecular weight distribution. Despite similar chemistry and composition, the molecular size-dependent structural differences associated with the PEEK resins in this study are shown to influence the crystallization rate, final crystallinity, and melt rheology during processing, which subsequently affects mechanical properties, including strength, ductility, and impact resistance. These structure-property relationships provide fundamental understanding to aid in the design and manufacturing of industrial and medical devices that leverage both the advantages common to all PEEK resins, including chemical and thermal resistance, mechanical strength, and biocompatibility, as well as more subtle differences in crystallization kinetics, melt rheology, ductility, and impact resistance. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2016. © 2016 Society of Plastics Engineers


This chapter uses newly derived autosomal genetic data on African populations to propose a population history based on the distributions of eight different ancestral configurations, classified in terms of the linguistic families discussed in chapters 12 and 13.

Keywords:

genetics;
Holocene;
Africa


e17572 Background: Inhibitors of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway including everolimus and temsirolimus have been used extensively in cancer patients. Their use is associated with stomatitis, a serious adverse event resulting in morbidity and treatment interruptions or discontinuation. This study was conducted to determine the overall incidence and risk of stomatitis in cancer patients treated with the mTOR inhibitors by a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs). Methods: Databases from PubMed and abstracts presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology annual meetings up to October 2013 were searched for relevant studies. Eligible studies included RCTs using everolimus and temsirolimus at the approved doses in cancer patients. Summary incidences, relative risks (RR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random- or fixed-effects model depending on the heterogeneity of the included trials. Results: A total of 11 RCTs with 4,752 patients (mT...


We study $g$-vector cones in a cluster algebra defined from a weighted orbifold of rank $n$ introduced by Felikson, Shapiro and Tumarkin. We determine the closure of the union of the $g$-vector cones. It is equal to $\mathbb{R}^n$ except for a weighted orbifold with empty boundary and exactly one puncture, in which case it is equal to the half space of a certain explicit hyperplane in $\mathbb{R}^n$.


How do some places with weak institutional capacity avoid being caught in the cycles of violence and criminality so often associated with African institutions in the 'failed states' literature? This paper exploits in-country variation in piracy incidence across different regions of Somalia to investigate how some territories with low state capacity can nonetheless deter piracy and provide relative order. We find that the usual explanation – state 'failure' in Somalia, compared with a reasonably functional government in Somaliland – does not withstand scrutiny. Somaliland's lack of piracy was not due to 'strong' state institutions, but can be attributed to the strength of a discourse that emphasises Somaliland's 'inherent' capacity for order against the disorder supposedly endemic to the rest of Somalia. The exploration of the discursive underpinnings of Somaliland's supposed 'piratelessness' has implications for understanding the relationship between state institutions, political order and violence, particularly where the state does not exercise a monopoly on force.


Purpose of review Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a condition characterized by airflow obstruction only partially reversible with usual bronchodilator therapy. Inability of gas to move freely in and out of the lungs causes dyspnea and exercise intolerance. Putative mechanisms of exercise limitation under these conditions are the occurrence of expiratory airflow limitation and dynamic lung hyperinflation developing with the increase in minute ventilation during exercise. This review will examine the results of recent studies using nonpharmacological interventions to improve exercise tolerance in COPD and their relevance to rehabilitation programs. Recent findings Decreasing ventilatory demands and/or gas density have been recently shown to be beneficial to improve exercise tolerance, symptoms, and quality of life. For instance, breathing supplemental oxygen was capable of reducing exercise ventilation, thus allowing expiratory flow limitation within the tidal breathing range to be minimized, and operational lung volumes to be accommodated at lower levels. As a result, dyspnea was decreased for the elastic work of breathing was decreased, and patients were able to increase exercise intensity and/or duration. Manipulating gas density has also been shown to be beneficial in relieving symptoms and improving exercise capacity, for it facilitates gas emptying during expiration. As a result, the amount of expiratory flow limitation and operational lung volumes decreased, thus ultimately leading to greater exercise tolerance. Summary Nonpharmacological interventions aimed at modifying physical gas properties appear to open new perspectives in exercise rehabilitation programs for COPD.


This article discusses IOTATION, a process that has been analyzed in generative phonology as a palatalization rule. We argue that optimality theory predicts the treatment of this process in terms of allomorphy, which in fact is desirable for a synchronic analysis. The consequence is that, with regard to iotation effects, the task of phonology is to account for the distribution of allomorphs rather than to derive them from a single underlying representation. While, as a result of diachronic changes, the allomorphs are arbitrary, their distribution is not. It follows from the interaction of universal phonological and morphological constraints, and from the considerations of segment markedness.


We consider the problem of single-round private information retrieval (PIR) from <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$ </tex-math></inline-formula> replicated databases. We consider the case when <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$B$ </tex-math></inline-formula> databases are outdated (unsynchronized), or even worse, adversarial (Byzantine), and therefore, can return incorrect answers. In the PIR problem with Byzantine databases (BPIR), a user wishes to retrieve a specific message from a set of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M$ </tex-math></inline-formula> messages with zero-error, irrespective of the actions performed by the Byzantine databases. We consider the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$T$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-privacy constraint in this paper, where any <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$T$ </tex-math></inline-formula> databases can collude, and exchange the queries submitted by the user. We derive the information-theoretic capacity of this problem, which is the maximum number of <italic>correct symbols</italic> that can be retrieved privately (under the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$T$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-privacy constraint) for every symbol of the downloaded data. We determine the exact BPIR capacity to be <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C=(N-2B)/N \cdot (1-T/(N-2B))/(1-(T/(N-2B))^{M})$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, if <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2B+T < N$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. This capacity expression shows that the effect of Byzantine databases on the retrieval rate is equivalent to removing <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2B$ </tex-math></inline-formula> databases from the system, with a penalty factor of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(N-2B)/N$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, which signifies that even though the number of databases needed for PIR is effectively <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N-2B$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, the user still needs to access the entire <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$ </tex-math></inline-formula> databases. The result shows that for the unsynchronized PIR problem, if the user does not have any knowledge about the fraction of the messages that are mis-synchronized, the single-round capacity is the same as the BPIR capacity. Our achievable scheme extends the optimal achievable scheme for the robust PIR (RPIR) problem to correct the <italic>errors</italic> introduced by the Byzantine databases as opposed to <italic>erasures</italic> in the RPIR problem. Our converse proof uses the idea of the cut-set bound in the network coding problem against adversarial nodes.


Introduction: Modernity and the Crisis of Morals Part I: Naturalism and Decadence 1. Decadence, Naturalism and the Morality of Writing (Huysmans, Wilde, Norris, Wharton) 2. Books and Ruins: Abject Decadence in Gide and Mann Part II: Symbolic Centres of Modernism 3. Extremist Modernism: The Avant-Garde and the Limits of Art (Tzara, Huelsenback, Breton, Aragon) 4. Moral Regeneration and Moral Bankruptcy: Conrad, Faulkner and Idiocy Part III: Sexual and Cultural Difference 5. American Expatriate Fictions and the Ethics of Sexual Difference (Stein, Hemmingway, Miller, Nin) 6. The Blind Impress of Modernity: Lorca, Kafka and New York Part IV: Modernist Trajectory 7. The Modernist Picaresque: Moralists without Qualities (Musil, Hesse, Hurston, Roth) 8. Myths of the Magician: Klaus Mann, Thomas Mann and Germany Conclusion: Liberating the Fear of Modernity.


Thermal issues of lithium ion battery are key factors affecting the safety, operational performance, life and cost of lithium ion battery. Effective assessment on thermoelectric performance of lithium ion battery and its electrode materials is an important measure to improve the safety of lithium ion battery. In this paper, the tester for thermoelectric parameter of lithium ion battery was developed based on our previous thermo-electrochemical studies of LiFePO4 and LiMn2O4 materials for lithium ion battery [12]. The methods of electrochemical calorimetry, the visual identification system design, and the technological structure optimization and upgrading were applied to the appearance design, modular design, technological structure optimization, and application promotion for laboratory-used battery thermoelectric performance tester. The tester was used to study thermal and electric performance on LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cathode materials at different ambient temperatures and charge-discharge rates. The results showed that the tester was of high intelligence and easy to operate. It was designed for measuring the capacity, the density of energy and the cycle life of lithium ion battery. The discharge specific capacity decreased with the increasing of charge-discharge rates and ambient temperatures. At low rate (0.2 C) heat flow of battery increased slowly and appeared a plurality of exothermic peaks, but at high rates (0.5 C, 1.0 C, 2.0 C) heat flow increased rapidly and only an exothermic peak appeared at the charge and discharge stage respectively. Through the study of thermoelectrochemistry, a series of thermodynamic parameters of lithium ion batteries during chargedischarge process were achieved. These works will contribute to the battery structure optimization and thermal management design.


Background & purpose Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterised by the excessive accumulation of triglycerides in the liver. Shenling Baizhu powder (SLBZP) is formulated from various natural medicinal plants that protect the liver and are used to treat intestinal diseases. SLBZP improves the symptoms of NAFLD. However, its mechanism of action remains unclear. Herein, we investigated the ameliorative effect of SLBZP on model mice with high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD. Additionally, we evaluated the impact of SLBZP on the intestinal flora and its metabolites and mitochondrial energy metabolism in NAFLD. Methods We used HFD to establish a mouse model of NAFLD. Different drug interventions were administered. We measured serum biochemical indices. Liver sections were visualised with hematoxylin–eosin and oil red O staining. 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing technology was used to analyse the diversity and abundance of the intestinal flora. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the intestinal contents were detected using GC-MS. Liver tissue was sampled to detect mitochondrial membrane functional indices. Western blotting was used to determine the levels of mitochondrial pathway-related proteins, namely, uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and inhibitory factor 1 (IF1) of F1Fo ATP synthesis/hydrolase, in the liver. Results The spleen-invigorating classic recipe of SLBZP reduced liver lipid deposition in mice with HFD-induced NAFLD. Additionally, SCFAs produced by intestinal flora metabolism regulated the UCP2/AMPK/IF1 signalling pathway involved in liver mitochondrial energy metabolism to improve the liver mitochondrial membrane permeability, respiratory state and oxidative phosphorylation efficiency of mice with NAFLD. Finally, SLBZP increased the liver ATP level. Conclusion Our results suggest that the therapeutic effect of SLBZP on NAFLD is related to the regulation of hepatic mitochondrial energy metabolism by intestinal flora and its metabolites and is possibly associated with the UCP2/AMPK/IF1 signalling pathway.


The propagation of a negative streamer between two spherical electrodes in low pressure oxygen is simulated by means of a particle-mesh method. In the bulk of the gas, ionization, electron attachment and recombination of ions have been considered. At the cathode, secondary electrons are released by impact of positive ions and photons. The electric field and the particle densities have been computed along the line joining the centers of the spheres. The effect of increasing pressure on the propagation of the streamer has been investigated.


In situ multi-scale characterization of hardness of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) is demonstrated by a traditional hardness tester, instrumented indentation tester and atomic-force-microscope (AFM)-based nanoindentation. In particular, due to the large residual indentation and nonuniform distribution of the microscale carbon fibers, the Vickers hardness could not be calculated by the traditional hardness tester. In addition, the clear residual microindentation could not be formed on the CFRP by instrumented indentation tester because of the large tip half angle of the Berkovich indenter. Therefore, an efficient technique for characterizing the true nanoscale hardness of CFRP was proposed and evaluated. The local hardness of the carbon fibers or plastic matrix on the nanoscale did not vary with nanoindentation location. The Vickers hardnesses of the carbon fiber and plastic matrix determined by AFM-based nanoindentation were 340 ± 30 and 40 ± 2 kgf/mm2, respectively.


This study investigates technical change biases and their effects on distribute shars in Korea. We are particularly concerned with whether technical change biases have been induced by changes in relative factor prices accompanied by rapid economic growth in Korea. Our test results show that technical change in Korea has been biased in the direction in the direction for saving labour and using capital, thus rendering support to the induced innovation hypothesis. These findings are roughly in parallel with empirical studies on the induced innovation hypothesis for the US and Japanese economies. The similar pattern in technical change biases between Korea and the two advanced economies is noteworthy in light of their basic differences in factor endowments. Another salient feature of our empirical analysis is that the price-corrected labour share in Korea has continually shrunk in the process of rapid economic growth, which has been partly precipitated by factor price-disorting policies.


Glucose concentration in the aqueous solution was measured using a microwave metamaterial sensor based on the modified Hilbert curve of the first fractal order. In order to increase the system sensitivity at fixed meta-element sizes, the design of the sensor was optimized by using finite element method. It was observed that $ S $ parameters of the metamaterial microstrip line sensor at resonant frequencies strongly depend on the glucose concentration. Consequently, by measuring the microwave responses for the different concentrations one can detect the glucose concentration in the solution. Such structure can be useful in the biological and medical applications.


Objective To report 10 years' experience with Mainz Pouch II urinary diversion and to analyze its outcome. Materials and Methods From October 2004 to December 2014, 248 patients 205 men and 43 women (age range, 15 to 79 years, mean 59.85±10.76) had underwent Mainz Pouch II urinary diversion at 26 institutions in Gansu Province, China. The indications for urinary diversions were invasive urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder in 239 cases, squamous cell carcinoma of urethra in one and unoncological reasons in 8 cases. Clinical data and early complications were retrospective analysis. Data on long-term complications, continence behaviour, urinary frequency and patient's assessment of the quality of life were investigated by follow-up. Results The median operative time for urinary diversion 120 minutes (range, 90-150 minutes), with a median estimated blood loss of 800 mL (range, 400-2,500 mL). Seven patients (2.82%) died in the perioperative period. Early complications were noticed in 66 patients (26.61%), such as intestinal fistula (6, 2.42%), pulmonary infection (5, 2.02%), ileus (4, 1.61%), pyelonephritis (4, 1.61%), deep venous thrombosis (2, 0.81%), pelvic infection (2, 0.81%), wound dehiscence (10, 4.03%), superficial wound infections (30, 12.10%), hemorrhagic shock (1, 0.40%), myocardial infarction (1, 0.40%) and rectovaginal fistula (1, 0.40%). Thirty-seven patients (n=241, 15.35%) were lost at follow-up and 204 patients were followed from 2 to 126 months (mean 47.93±29.26 months). Eighty-five (n=204, 41.67%) passed away. Late complications occurred in 29.41% of patients (60/204), including uretero-intestinal anastomotic stricture (20, 9.80%, 24 of 400 renoureteric units, 6.00%), recurrent pyelonephritis (12, 5.88%), prolonged ileus (11, 5.39%), metabolic acidosis (11, 5.39%), incisional hernia (5, 2.45%), pelvic infection (1, 0.49%). Conclusions Mainz Pouch II is a simple and easy to mastered form of continent urinary diversion, with excellent continence rate and good quality of life. When the patient refused to have a incontinent urinary diversion, it may be used as a convenient and satisfactory alternative for cystectomized patients who are not suitable for orthotopic urinary diversion due to bladder cancer invasion of prostate or urethra.


Radiopaque glass-resin composites were made for evaluation as denture base materials. The addition of silane-treated, radiopaque, powdered glass to clear poly(methyl methacrylate) resulted in composites that had greater optical translucency than commercially available pink denture base resins. These formulations could be pigmented and opacified to produce materials that simulated oral soft tissues in color and translucency.

Other composites were made using various monomer, polymer and glass combinations. Those made from mixes of BIS–GMA, methyl methacrylate, poly(methyl methacrylate), and radiopaque glass had excellent translucency but handling characteristics were less than ideal.

Removal of very small glass particles (less than a few μm) appeared to improve optical translucency.

A radiographic survey of 12 specimens that contained from 29 to 57% of the radiopaque glass, indicated that all had sufficient radiopacity to aid in localization of swallowed or aspirated dentures made from such materials.

Finishing procedures on composite specimens were more difficult and timeconsuming and did not produce surfaces as smooth as those obtained on poly(methyl methacrylate). The finished surfaces felt smooth to the tongue but might stain more easily in the mouth.


Objective:To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of 16 kinds of organophosphorous pesticide multiresidues in leafy vegetables by gas chromatography(GC).Methods: The sample was determined by flame photometric detector(FPD) with HP-5 capillary column after acetonitrile extraction,salting-out,dried by nitrogen blowing meter and dissolved to constant volume with acetone.Results: Good linearities were obtained for 16 kinds of organophosphorous pesticide multiresidues.The average recoveries ranged from 62.8% to128.8% at low concentration levels except for dichlorovos from 44.0% to 58.8%,the average recoveries ranged from 69.3%~123.3% at high concentration levels except for dichlorovos from 40.6% to 59.2%.Relative standard deviations are all under 20%.Conclusion:This method is simple,rapid,sensitive and accurate,which can be applied to determine the organophosphorous pesticide multiresidues in leafy vegetables.


In order to rigorously validate techniques for image-guided liver surgery (IGLS), an accurate mock representation of the intraoperative surgical scene with quantifiable localization of subsurface targets would be highly desirable. However, many attempts to reproduce the laparoscopic environment have encountered limited success due to neglect of several crucial design aspects. The laparoscopic setting is complicated by factors such as gas insufflation of the abdomen, changes in patient orientation, incomplete organ mobilization from ligaments, and limited access to organ surface data. The ability to accurately represent the influences of anatomical changes and procedural limitations is critical for appropriate evaluation of IGLS methodologies such as registration and deformation correction. However, these influences have not yet been comprehensively integrated into a platform usable for assessment of methods in laparoscopic IGLS. In this work, a mock laparoscopic liver simulator was created with realistic ligamenture to emulate the complexities of this constrained surgical environment for the realization of laparoscopic IGLS. The mock surgical system reproduces an insufflated abdominal cavity with dissectible ligaments, variable levels of incline matching intraoperative patient positioning, and port locations in accordance with surgical protocol. True positions of targets embedded in a tissue-mimicking phantom are measured from CT images. Using this setup, image-to-physical registration accuracy was evaluated for simulations of laparoscopic right and left lobe mobilization to assess rigid registration performance under more realistic laparoscopic conditions. Preliminary results suggest that non-rigid organ deformations and the region of organ surface data collected affect the ability to attain highly accurate registrations in laparoscopic applications.


The study of urbanization has, in recent years, gained increasing importance in developing countries not only because these countries are in the process of facing rapid urbanization, but also because the process of urbanization has been recognized as part of a larger process of economic development which is affecting developing countries. There are two-side relationships between urbanization and economic development. On the one side, it promotes economic development, while on the other side, it is an impediment to economic development of most nations. This paper correlates urbanization with economic development indicators of developing countries and concludes that there is weak relationship between urban growth and economic development in developing countries. To further the understanding of this relationship, the study also compares the economic situation of urban and rural areas which shows that, it was better in the cities.


Social responsibility encompasses the sectors like health, education, employment, income and qualityof life. It should be binding on the corporate sector to work on the above aspects, which are thought to beprimary social indicators. The Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in India is in a very nascent stage.It is still one of the least understood initiatives in the Indian development sector. The CSR represents aninteresting evolution and culmination of philanthropy and ethics. It is regarded as vehicle through whichcompanies give something back to the society. It involves providing innovative solutions to societal andenvironmental challenges. The corporate sector has a pivotal role to play in ensuring private investmentfl ows to those rural areas that have been left out of the development process so far and also to workfor sustainable development of rural areas in general. Public library can act as an agency for social andpersonal development and can become a positive agent for bringing change in the community. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/djlit.33.1.3723


SME financing difficulty is the "bottleneck "problem of restricting its development. In this paper, from the status of financing difficulty, analyzes the main reasons leading to financing difficulties and proposes solutions to this problem by improving their management system for SMEs, financial institutions, institutional innovation and state policy support, in order to promote the development of SMEs.


The first distributed mini-generation photovoltaic system in the state of Piauí was installed on the Floriano campus of the Federal Institute of Piauí. The system consists of 660 photovoltaic modules and occupies an area of approximately 1.122 m2 of roof. This article aims to evaluate the performance of the first year of operation, which runs from May 2016 to June 2017, compared to technical and economic aspects. The technical analysis was done through the calculation of the indexes of merit: Final Productivity Performance Rate and Capacity Factor. In the economic viability analysis were used the concepts of Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, Payback and Cost-Benefit Ratio. The results demonstrate that the system has technical feasibility, since it presented a good generation in its first year of operation, with production superior to other systems installed in public educational institutions of Brazil. In addition, it has shown a positive balance in the Net Present Value, but with a long Payback and a very high Cost-Benefit Ratio, which may compromise its economic viability. However, in view of the institution's final activity, the installation of the photovoltaic system will bring benefits beyond the reduction of electricity consumption, if used in teaching, research and extension activities.


This paper presents the methodology and results of teaching an engineering course using a challenge-based approach. The challenges consisted of eight biomechanics learning modules developed as part of the VaNTH NSF educational coalition. The pedagogical framework for these modules is based on the widely publicized book "How People Learn" (HPL). The HPL teaching framework presents the learning material as a series of challenges that are posed through a "Legacy Cycle." The VaNTH biomechanics modules were presented in an undergraduate mechanical engineering course titled "Biomechanics of Human Movement" in Fall 2004. The class (N=18) was divided into three-member teams. All challenges were performed by the teams using computer-based homework assignments that were supplied by the instructor on a CD. Pre-tests, post-tests, and affect rankings were administered for each modular topic. The students were also surveyed on the learning effectiveness of the various components of each module. At the end of the semester, the students completed a biomechanics topics matrix that mapped the challenges to the various class topics. Results of this classroom experience and data gathering are presented in this paper


The Minerals Management Service (MMS) is responsible for ensuring that oil and gas operations on the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) of the United States (US) are conducted in a manner that minimises the risk to human safety and the environment. The MMS established a task group to review information on the Piper Alpha tragedy and a similar platform fire in the Gulf of Mexico. The group determined that US regulations do not include sufficient safeguards to effectively prevent or minimise the consequences of such fires. Both incidents were triggered by insufficient planning for repair activities and the absence of necessary internal communication. The task group has recommended improved marking procedures for upstream equipment and control panels and briefing of platform and contractor personnel. The tragic consequences of these incidents were largely the result of subsequent explosions that occurred when large volumes of pipeline hydrocarbons were released and ignited. New requirements for the protection of pipeline risers have been proposed; information has been collected to assist in determinations regarding the location of pipeline shutdown valves.


Objective To explore the effects of active physiotherapy (AP) and passive physiotherapy (PP) on pain intensity and function in patients with chronic shoulder pain.


We use The Patents (Amendment) Act, 2002 in India as a quasi-natural experiment to identify the causal effect of higher incentives for innovation on a firm's compensation structure. We find that stronger intellectual property (IP) protection has a sharper impact on the demand for managerial skill for technologically advanced firms. Firms that were apriori above the industry median (in terms of technology adoption) see a rise in the share of managerial compensation by 1.3-8.3% higher than the rest. This effect is completely driven by the firms between 60th-90th percentile. The increase in wage inequality can partly be attributed to a stronger performance pay for high-tech firms. Associatedly, the reform also leads to a significant reallocation of resources between firms. The high-tech firms invested more in technology adoption, started to produce more product varieties at higher quality and filed for more product patent claims. Broadly, we demonstrate that stronger IP protection leads to higher wage inequality between firms.


Vibration injury in the hand-arm system from vibrating hand-held machines is one of the most common occupational health injuries and causes severe and often chronic nerve and vascular injuries to the operator. The objective with this study is to contribute to reduce hand-arm vibration injuries, first by developing methods of redesigning machines that will lower their vibration level and second to study how high frequency vibrations (HFV) above 1250 Hz effect the finger tissue which are not included in the current standard for risk evaluation. Vibrating hand-held machines can be divided into two main groups depending of the source of the vibration. The first and largest group is machines where a reciprocating piston creates a vibration, e.g. breakers and hammer drills. The second group is rotating machines, e.g. grinders and polishing machines, where the vibration is generated by the unbalance force from the grinding disc or the rotating force from the friction between the abrasive pad and the work piece. This study has mainly been focused on reciprocating machine vibrations by development of a method for attenuation of these vibrations based on tuned vibration absorbers (TVA). The TVA comprises of a spring and an additional mass connected to the main vibrating body that creates a counterforce to attenuate system vibration. The limitation of conventional TVA is that they are only effective in a narrow frequency span and thereby have a limited practical use. However by introducing appropriate gap and spring preload into classical TVA makes the absorber dynamics nonlinear. It was shown that this kind of nonlinearity can lead to frequency auto tuning vibration attenuation. The efficiency of the developed technology called Auto Tuning Vibration Absorber (ATVA) was proven by simulations and the results were validated both in a dedicated test rig as well as in prototype machines. The results from a prototype machine showed that the vibration could be reduced by approx. 80 % and at the same time reduce the weight with 50 % compared to the original machine without affecting the efficiency. The study of the mechanical effects from HFV on finger tissue was made by, first: development of measurement technique based on Micro Electrical Mechanical Systems (MEMS) accelerometers to be able to accurately measure vibrations up to 50 kHz, second: create a Finite Element (FE) model for simulating the pressure wave propagation into the finger tissue, and third: development of methods to reduce the HFV content in machines. Measurements show that there are high frequency high amplitude accelerations from impact tools and that these accelerations create a pressure wave that propagates into the tissue. It was also shown that there is a large potential to effectively reduce the HFV content in machines. On the study of effects on finger tissue from HFV clearly indicated that there is potentially an increased risk that HFV will cause vibration injuries on humans and on biological tissues and that the current standard ISO 5349 underestimates the associated risks.


In order to protect networks from attacks, network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) have been widely deployed. These devices monitor packets in the network and scan packet payloads to detect malicious content according to the predefined patterns. It is time consuming for NIDS to inspect each packet to check if it contains any patterns. This paper proposes a scalable and high performance pattern matching algorithm. The key idea behind the proposed algorithm is to build a small and adjustable lookup table which can be completely stored in the on-chip memory of a network processor, and reduce the probability of accessing the external memory. Since the latency of one on-chip memory access is far smaller than that of one external memory access, the time required to inspect a packet can be greatly reduced. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is significantly better than the compared algorithm in terms of speed and scalability.


IN the Abstract of their recent article, "Waiting for Two Mutations: With Applications to Regulatory Sequence Evolution and the Limits of Darwinian Evolution" (Genetics 180: [1501–1509][1], 2008), Durrett and Schmidt write that one of their aims is "to expose flaws in some of Michael Behe's


The many ways of falling down a cliff: Culture- and language-specific ways of expressing path in Jaminjung and KriolThis paper aims to give an overview of the strategies of motion event encoding in narrative and discourse for two Australian Aboriginal Languages. Jaminjung is a highly endangered non-Pama-Nyungan language spoken by approximately fifty people and Kriol is an English-lexified Creole with ca. 20,000 speakers of different varieties across northern Australia. The encoding of path is obligatory in any motion event (Slobin, 1996), however, languages differ regarding the degree of detail with which the path component is expressed in discourse (Ibarretxe-Antu�ano, 2009). Jaminjung employs a variety of strategies to encode path in a motion description. Restricted path information is encoded in a closed-class inflecting (IV) verb (-ruma in example ?(1)), additionally in an open?classed uninflecting coverb (burl) and in any ground encodings specifying source (ngiyi jarriny), route or goal of motion. Furthermore, path can be expressed in a ground-denoting IV and/or a ground-denoting coverb. (1) ngiyi-ngunyi majani burl-burl burru-ruma-ny jarriny-ngunyiPROX-ABL maybe RDP-emerge 3PL-come-PST hole-ABL ?from here they maybe came out, out of the hole? (ES97_A03_01.294)Kriol also encodes some path information in the verb phrase (kam in example ?(2)) and additionally employs directional suffixes (?at) and ground encodings (det woda) to specify path. (2) dei bin kam -at brom det woda3PL:SUBJ AUX.PST come -out ABL:from that water?they came out from the water? (DH10_A15_05_0123)The distribution of these different strategies of path encoding in discourse individually and in combination shows how path salience on a structural level differs highly between the two languages. However, the frequency of path complements in discourse independent of the availability of complex path expressions shows great similarities suggesting a culture- rather than language-specific pattern. For my analysis I employed two different types of corpora, one consisting of frog-stories only for cross-linguistic comparison and one including narratives, route-descriptions and natural discourse for a narrower view on the two languages alone. My findings show that for example the combination of more than one path element in Kriol places the language on the extreme end of a continuum of languages when comparing strategies of encoding path in one or more elements in discourse. Jaminjung on the other hand takes a middle position here.Whereas structurally path salience accounts for major differences between Jaminjung and Kriol, the elaboration of segments in a given motion event appears to be very similar for the two languages. Considering that they are spoken within the same cultural area, this suggests a culture-specific pattern. My analysis raises doubts on Ibarretxe-Antu�ano?s (2009) study of path salience combining structural elements and elaboration patterns and suggests keeping the measurements apart. ReferencesIbarretxe-Antu�ano, Iraide. 2009. Path Salience in Motion Events. In Crosslinguistic Approaches to the Psychology of Language: Research in the Tradition of Dan Isaac Slobin eds. Elena Lieven et al., 403-414. New York: Psychology Press.Slobin, Dan I. 1996. Two ways to travel: Verbs of motion in English and Spanish. . In Grammatical Constructions. Their Form and Meaning eds. M Shibatani and S.A. Thompson, 195-219 Oxford: Clarendon Press.


Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death in Western civilization accounting for more than 40% of all deaths. Despite reduced death rates due in part to statin treatment, there is little understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms that can help to reverse atherosclerotic development and/or decrease the chances of plaque rupture with associated clinical sequelae such as myocardial infarction or stroke. We recently demonstrated a functional role of the pluripotency factor OCT4 in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) during atherosclerosis, in that SMC-specific conditional Oct4 knockout mice exhibit marked alterations in lesion size and cellular composition within atherosclerotic lesions of Apoe -/- high-fat diet fed mice, including a thinner fibrous cap, increased necrotic core and increased intra-plaque hemorrhage. Results of SMC-lineage tracing studies show that these changes were likely due to marked reductions in SMC number within lesions including in the fibrous cap area, as well as significant increases in macrophage-like (LGALS3 + ) SMCs within the tunica media. Further studies show that inactivation of Oct4 in SMCs nearly completely abrogated the pro-atherogenic oxidized phospholipid POVPC-induced migration of SMCs in vitro and outgrowth of SMCs from aortic explants ex vivo. RNA-seq and ChIP-seq analyses of lesion specimens from Apoe -/- high-fat diet fed mice and cultured SMCs treated with POVPC or 1% O 2 hypoxia show that loss of Oct4 in SMCs was associated with marked activation of genes associated with inflammation and phagocytosis, and suppression of genes associated with cell migration, including extracellular matrix proteins, matrix metalloproteinases and multiple axon guidance molecules. Moreover, loss of Oct4 significantly increased ability of SMCs to phagocyte red blood cells in response to oxidized LDL treatment in vitro . Results advance our understanding of mechanisms by which OCT4 expression in SMCs impacts atherosclerosis lesion development and may help identify novel potential therapeutic targets for treatment of atherosclerosis.


The article probes into the base of humanity of staff-share-holding systemproves exten-sive internal relation between staff-share-holding systemhumanity of benefitorsU theory.It re-veals the advancement and efficiency of staff-share-holding ownership from humanity of benefitorsU theory.It would make enterprises to conform to the development of sciencetechnology in the21st centurythe trend of knowledge economy.For Chinese enterprises,the middle-sized or small-sized scientifictechnical enterprises should particularly stress on the property arragement in the21st century


The present study was carried out to characterize and compare the production potential and antibiotic susceptibility of probiotics isolated from goat, cow and buffalo milk. The probiotics isolated from milk fermented curd were compared with regard to their number, morphology, gram staining, motility, bile salt tolerance, pH-resistance, catalase activity, oxidase production and antibiotic resistance. We demonstrated that the probiotics isolated from milk fermented curd of all three species were gram positive, motile, catalase negative, and oxidase negative and were able to produce lactic acid. Further, we observed that buffalo milk is more potent in forming curd with the highest count of probiotics per ml (3.53 × 10) as compared to cow (5.8 × 10) and goat milk (7 × 10); moreover, goat milk bacterial isolates were more tolerant to acidic pH but were less bile-salt tolerant than cow milk. Also, probiotics isolated from goat milk curd were more resistant to antibiotics (resistant to 12 out of 15 screened antibiotics) than those from cow and buffalo milk (resistant to 8-9 antibiotics). This report shows that goat milk fermented products possess the highest antibacterial potential and are highly acid-tolerant.


Most domestic laws, including laws on nationality, are affected as political rights addressed by international human rights conventions. Nationality is the main component of the people's corner in the country. Under the international conventions governing the provisions of nationality and its freedom to regulate matters of nationality in the interests of the Iraqi state, the State law No. 26 of 2006 was enacted and this law responded to many internal circumstances at the expense of international standards.


This paper applies Floyd algorithm based on graph theory for searching the flow transferring route.Based on the theory that power will firstly flow to the lines which have shorter electrical distance from the fault branch when a fault of power system occurs,the Floyd algorithm inserts several nodes into weight matrix to construct a matrix with n dimensions,with some simple calculation,the distance matrix and path matrix can be derived,and so does the flow transferring route.As the result,the calculation can be reduced and the online analysis can be saved,it can also help to implement the safe and fast protection and reduce the possibility of the cascade faults.The validity of proposed algorithm is verified by the calculation result of Chongqing power system.


Abstract : Some of the many potential applications of optical phase conjugation include real time adaptive optics, optical signal processing (in the time or spatial domain), image processing and optical computing. Some of the salient features of optical phase conjugation and the more important signal and image processing functions that one may demonstrate using these techniques will be described in this Memorandum.


Models of the evolution of Neptune's migration and the dynamical processes at work during the formation of the outer solar system can be constrained by measuring the orbital distribution of the remnant planetesimals in the Kuiper belt. Determining the true orbit distribution is not simple because the detection and tracking of Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) is a highly biased process. In this chapter we examine the various biases that are present in any survey of the Kuiper belt. We then present observational and analysis strategies that can help to minimize the effects of these biases on the inferred orbital distributions. We find that material currently classified as the classical Kuiper belt is well represented by two subpopulations: a high-inclination component that spans and uniformly fills the stable phase space between 30 and 47 AU combined with a low-inclination, low-eccentricity population enhancement between 42 and 45 AU. The low-i, low-e component may be that which has long been called the "Kuiper belt." We also find weaker evidence that the high-i component of the classical Kuiper belt may extend beyond the 2:1 mean-motion resonance with Neptune. The scattering/detached disk appears to extend to larger semimajor axis with no evidence for a falloff steeper than r–1. This population is likely at least as large as the classical Kuiper belt population and has an i/e distribution much like that of the hot classical Kuiper belt. We also find that the fraction of objects in the 3:2 resonance is likely around 20% and previous estimates that place this population at ~5% are inconsistent with present observations. Additionally, high-order mean-motion resonances play a substantial role in the structure of the Kuiper belt.


Objective To study the specificity of 3 monoclonal antibodies against human lung squamous cell carcinoma.Methods We collected supernates of 3 stable hybridomas which were constructed from lung cancer cell line YTMLC-90 and studied their cross-reations with different cell lines YTMLC-90,GLC-82,Tca-8113,KB,U-251,T-24 and B1u-87 and different cancer tissues including lung,colon,esophagus,kindney cancers and normal tissues using immunohistochemistry assay.Results 3 monoclonal antibodies had strong positive reactions with lung cancer tissues and lung cancer cell lines YTMLC-90,GLC-82,in which the positive rate was 82%,100% and 100% respectively.And the reactions with normal tissues,colon cancers,kindney cancers,esophagus cancers and other tumor cell lines were all negative.Conclusion 3 monoclonal antibodies are very specific to lung cancers,which can be regarded as specific antibodies against lung cancers.


We previously demonstrated that formal employment among mothers in Kenya is associated with a lower prevalence and odds of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF). This study evaluated the influence of maternal social support, agency, postnatal depression, and domestic violence on the association between formal employment and EBF in Naivasha, Kenya, where many women work in agricultural labor.

 Using cross-sectional data (n = 1,186), we examined validated scales of social support, agency, domestic violence, and postnatal depression as effect modifiers in adjusted, stratified models of the association between employment and EBF. We hypothesized that higher social support and agency would attenuate the odds ratios that evaluated employment and EBF, and domestic violence and depression would further decrease the odds of EBF based on employment.

 Comparing formally employed to non-formally employed mothers, women with higher social support were more likely to practice EBF at 14 weeks: OR high (95%CI) = 0.22 (0.09, 0.51) and OR low = 0.12 (0.05, 0.29). The same trend was observed at 24 weeks. Among mothers with higher maternal agency compared to those with lower agency, the negative association between formal and EBF was decreased at both 14 weeks [OR high = 0.21 (0.09, 0.47) versus OR low = 0.16 (0.06, 0.44)] and 24 weeks. Comparing mothers who reported experiencing domestic violence to those who had not, the negative association between formal and EBF was increased at both 14 weeks [OR = 0.06 (0.01, 0.31) versus OR No violence = 0.18 (0.09, 0.36)] and 24 weeks. At 14 weeks, mothers with depression decreased the association between employment and EBF: [OR dep = 0.11 (0.03,0.45) versus OR no depression = 0.16 (0.08, 0.33). At 24 weeks, the employment-EBF relationship was non-significant among mothers with depression: [OR dep = 0.31 (0.08, 1.30) but remained significant among mothers without depression: OR no dep = 0.22 (0.12, 0.40).

 Among formally employed mothers, maternal social support and agency improve the employment-breastfeeding relationship, while women exposed to domestic violence or postnatal depression experienced a further decrease in the likelihood of EBF. Supportive interventions to improve EBF and other maternal health factors are needed in the postpartum period for employed mothers.

 NIH Fogarty International Center


The manufacturer of sulphuric acid purpose to fulfill the domestic demand. This manufacturer of sulphuric acid was planned to be established in 2018 in the Industry Area of Banyuwangi, East Java. This plant was planned to produce sulphuric acid 98% wt capacity 310.000 tons/year usethe raw materials of sulphur (granule) as much as 11.867,9804 kgs/hrandairas much as 81.817,2267 kgs/hr. The process to make sulphuric acid in gas phase with operation condition are 436-551oC and 1,5 atm with irreversible and eksoterm rection. Reactor that used wasfixed bed single tube reactor with 4 numbers of bed andcatalystha used was V2O5 (vanadium pentaoxide). Utility unit consist of sanitation water upply unit as much as 1.684,2083 kgs/hr, proccess water supply unit as much as9.689,0813 kgs/hr, cooling water supply unit as much as 74.620,1277 kgs/hr.Power needed wassupply from PLN about 1000 kWh. Fixed capital needed is aboutIDR686.038.500.423 and working capital is aboutIDR 130.080.548.348. Based on the economic analys, profit before taxes is IDR 213.900.820.166/yearand profit after taxes (25%) is IDR 171.120.656.133/year. Persen Return On Investment (ROI) before taxes 31,18%, and after taxes 24,94%. Meanwhile, Pay Out Time (POT) before taxes is 3,11 yearand after taxes is 3,85 year. Break Event Point amounts 44,71% and Shut Down Point amounts 21,66%. While, iscounted Cash Flow is counted amounts 37,30%. Based on the calculation of the economic analysis, it can be concluded that this manufacturer is reasonable to establish.


P seudohallucinations are particularly ambiguous symptoms, which are hard to clearly define. Despite the difficulty in a consensus view of the phenomenology of pseudohallucinations and method of eliciting such phenomena, most psychiatrists still find the term clinically and diagnostically useful. Traditionally, hallucinations are thought to indicate a psychotic or organic illness, whereas pseudohallucinations are associated with personality disorders or emotional disturbances such as bereavement. Adityanjee and Benjamin argue that it is vital 1


In this work we establish some conditions for univalence and our results include starlikeness, convexity and close-to-convexity Journal of the Nigerian Association of Mathematical Physics Vol. 10 2006: pp. 409-412


C ontemporary food studies scholarship increasingly turns to cultural politics to discuss race, gender, sexuality, and class in analyses of the production and consumption of food. The past two decades have seen an emergence of scholarship from fields that interrogate the colonial origins and hegemonic whiteness of food studies. Eating Asian America: A Food Studies Reader is an anthology of essays within Asian American Studies that argue that Asian Americans have been fundamental to the development of food systems in the United States. As such, the featured scholars contend that food has and continues to play a significant role in the political, cultural, and economic construction of Asian America. Eating Asian America is a valuable addition to the food studies canon because it widens the field to include Asian American food history and systems, which have been relatively underrepresented in food studies scholarship. In addition, Eating Asian America presents intersectional and interdisciplinary approaches to thinking food in order to argue that food studies must be in conversation with American ethnic studies as well as gender and sexuality studies in order to fully understand the political, economic, and cultural systems that allow for the production and consumption of food in society. Biography Erica Maria Cheung is a PhD candidate in the program of Culture & Theory the Her dissertation argues for an understanding of "umami" as a form of Asian/American soft power and asks how the increased influence of Asian and Asian American food and taste have affected food media, urban spaces, food work, and political resistance in the United States. As such, her research is located at the nexus of ethnic studies, gender and sexuality studies, media studies, and food studies.


This paper presents computational intelligence techniques for Liver Patient Classification. Number of Liver Patients increasing day by day because excessive consumption of alcohol, inhale of harmful gases, intake of contaminated food and drugs. The efficacy of these techniques viz.Multiple Linear Regression, Support Vector Machine, Multilayer FeedForward Neural Network,J-48,Random Forest and Genetic Programming has been tested onTheILPD (Indian Liver Patient Dataset) Data Set. Since it is an unbalanced dataset with 72% liver patient and 28% non liver patient. We employed under sampling and oversampling for balancing it. Ten-fold cross validation is performed throughout the study.The results obtained from our experiments indicate that Random Forest oversampling with 200% outperformed all the other techniques. KeywordJ-48, Multilayer FeedForward Neural Network, Random Forest, Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Genetic programming (GP).


The present invention discloses a method for detecting ping-pong handover effect in reducing the cellular network and, in a systematic way to determine the network in which cells are likely to have a ping-pong handover effect. The method comprises collecting network traffic statistics of several items, where each item corresponds to a state within a network cell several mobile units change; based on the network traffic statistics, determining a plurality of registration determination is satisfied; and based on the determination result , ping-pong effect between the switching network to detect the cell. The method further comprises changing the network may have a ping-pong handover effect cell handover parameters.


Sir, We read the study by Bergendahl et al, recently published in this journal, with great interest.1 They performed a retrospective cohort study among nulliparous women delivered by vacuum extraction at a teaching hospital and evaluated the risk for obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASIS) giving specific attention to operator‐related variables. Although the authors interestingly address this important issue, sev‐ eral important points warrant further clarification. First, the authors should acknowledge that a previous study per‐ formed in their country of origin has addressed the association of OASIS in vacuum‐assisted deliveries in relation to operator‐related variables such as operator experience;2 hence, the authors should be more cautious in their claim for novelty. Second, as the operator of vacuum‐assisted delivery reported the primary outcome, there is a substantial concern for self‐report‐ ing bias leading to underreporting of OASIS. Third, the calculated sample size (n = 100 in each operator cate‐ gory) might be underpowered to evaluate the primary outcome be‐ cause OASIS incidence used in their calculation is different from that reported recently from the same country.2 The last study, comparing 336 vacuum‐assisted deliveries performed by specialists with 244 performed by residents, has demonstrated that rate of OASIS did not differ between specialists and residents (12.3% vs 11.9%), so ques‐ tioning the results and conclusions of the authors of the current study. Fourth, although the authors state that adjustment was per‐ formed for all covariates with significant differences between op‐ erator categories, one cannot overlook the fact that the episiotomy was four times more frequent in the specialist category. As episiot‐ omy was found to be protective against OASIS in nulliparous women undergoing operative vaginal delivery in various studies and meta‐ analyses,3,4 this is a substantial confounder that should be discussed. Fifth, physicians' experience in vacuum‐assisted deliveries is a con‐ cern, as the median number of vacuum‐assisted deliveries was four and frequent operators were regarded as those performing 12 vacuum‐as‐ sisted deliveries or more in 1‐year period. These numbers represent a low volume of practice and it is difficult to deduce conclusions from such data. Previous studies evaluating residents' experience in operative vaginal deliveries and outcomes related to operators' experience, have reported median numbers of procedures performed as high as 125.5,6 Finally, we believe that the authors should be more cautious in their conclusion proclaiming mandatory supervision of all operative vaginal deliveries throughout residency coupled with a final exam‐ ination. It might be too soon to give such categorical recommenda‐ tions. We agree that further prospective studies to ascertain the effect of operator experience on outcomes should be undertaken.


CONTEXT: Neurotoxic beta-amyloid accumulates in regions of the brain affected by advanced Alzheimer's disease. It is a suspected contributor to the development of the condition.


This paper focuses on a continuous-time dynamic portfolio selection problem with different interest rates for borrowing and lending.The Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman(HJB) equations for utility maximizing criteria are derived by applying dynamic programming.Exponential utility and power utility and logarithm utility are assumed for our analysis.The closed-form solutions to the optimal portfolios are derived by solving HJB equations and introducing the borrowing curve.Finally,the situations of borrowing and lending for the investors are analyzed under three different utility functions and a numerical example is given to illustrate the results obtained.


FIELD: machine engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a ring (1) of the bearing. The bearing ring (1), whose surface is at least partially coated with the electrically insulating coating (4) in the form of a layer of porous ceramic material. The pores of the material are from 10 to 50% of the bed volume and are filled with a plastic material. Furthermore, the present invention provides an electrically insulating coating (4) in the form of a porous layer of ceramic material (6), the pores of which are filled with plastic material. And furthermore, the present invention provides a method of applying an electrically insulating coating (4) on the ring (1) of the bearing. EFFECT: modify the bearing ring so as to provide a higher level of insulation of bearing from the high frequency currents. 13 cl, 4 dwg


Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer death in women, with numbers reaching close to 30 percent worldwide. On a yearly basis, 57,000 women are diagnosed with breast cancer and more than 17,000 die from it in Germany. Siemens Healthcare has developed comprehensive solutions for the early detection and treatment of breast cancer under the collective name of "Breast Care Solutions". These comprise a combination of different imaging methods such as Ultrasound, Mammography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) augmented by IT as well as lab diagnostics and radiation therapy solutions. Siemens places special focus on the third dimension: three-dimensional imaging of the female breast using two of the latest Siemens technologies, the ultrasound system Acuson S2000 Automated Breast Volume Scanner (ABVS), and 3D tomosynthesis with the digital mammography system, Mammomat Inspiration. They enable physicians to discern more details than previously.


Purpose: The authors performed an analysis of the best clinical evidence from literature on methods of osteosynthesis for diaphyseal open tibial fractures. Methods: They describe the meta-analysis published by Bhandari et al in 2001 – which randomly compares the several osteosynthesis methods employed for that kind of fracture – and discuss its results. Conclusion: They conclude that nowadays there is compelling evidence that the use of unreamed intramedullary nailing reduces the incidence of fracture reoperation, superficial infection, and malunions, when compared to the external fixator, and therefore, it is the best option for the treatment of open diaphyseal tibial fractures. The advantage of the reamed intramedullary nail over the unreamed intramedullary nail remains uncertain.


The ultrafine desulphurization ash was prepared by kinetic energy mill with superheated steam. The effect of classifier speed, crushing pressure and steam inlet temperature on the particle size and output of the ultrafine desulphurization ash was investigated. The morphology of the ultrafine desulphurization ash was analyzed. The results show that when the classifier speed is 1 500 r/min, the output of ultrafine desulphurization ash is decreased by 34.1% than that of classifier speed of 900 r/min. The particle size of ultrafine desulphurization ash is diminished and the particle size range is narrowed. When the grinding pressure is 0.5 MPa,the output of ultrafine desulphurization ash is increased by 31.8% than that of grinding pressure of 0.25 MPa. When the steam inlet temperature is300 ℃, the output of ultrafine desulphurization ash is increased by 46.8%than that of steam inlet temperature of 200 ℃. The particle size and particle size range of the ultrafine desulphurization ash decrease when the grinding pressure or the steam inlet temperature is improved. In the actual product ion process, the grinding pressure and steam inlet temperature should not be too high and should be controlled in a reasonable range according to different materials. The desulphurization ash grinded by kinetic energy mill with superheated steam has good morphology features.


The authors of e-learning content, meant for the use of teachers, all too often prepare it as monolithic blocks, constructed in the way an ordinary workbook would be. This demands that the teacher takes them as a whole, precisely in the order they were written in. As the teacher usually serves as an intermediate between the teaching materials and the students, he/she should make the choices regarding the content and how to combine it new ways. E-learning content should therefore be designed in a flexible way. Why not use the possibilities offered by the new technologies and at the very least give teachers the chance to adapt the content to their own and their students' needs.


This paper unifies macro-finance and multifactor asset pricing theories to show that, in sample and out of sample: (i) Larger cross-sectional book-to-market medians and spreads - price of risk proxies - predict larger market (in sample), size, value, and investment premiums; (ii) the investment and profitability spreads - factor risk (quantity) proxies - only forecast the investment and profitability premiums, respectively, especially when conditioned on the price of risk. This predictability generates "factor timing" strategies with substantial economic gains, supports the hypothesis of time-varying price of risk in macro-finance theories, and contradicts the hypothesis that the investment and profitability "factors" have constant risks.


Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers and one of the leading causes of cancer-related death among men of all races. Complementary and alternative medicine is also used in the treatment of prostate cancer, thus, screening of natural products represents a promising strategy to develop potential anticancer drugs for prostate treatment. Cryptotanshinone, one of the major tanshinones isolated form Danshen, has been reported to inhibit cell proliferation and to induce cell death in various cancer cell lines, including those of colon, cervical, breast, etc. This study aims to explore the cytotoxicity of cryptotanshinone on human prostate cancer cell lines PC3 and DU145 as well as the underlying mechanisms of action. Our results demonstrate the selective cytotoxicity of cryptotanshinone in prostate cancer cells PC3 (IC50 = 15.85 μM) and DU145 (IC50 = 7.59 μM) as well as the underlying mechanisms of action, in particular the activation of both apoptosis and autophagic cell death. These findings suggested that cryptotanshinone is worthy to be further studied for its anticancer potential against prostate cancer.


Established memorials have a way of attracting new memorials to their proximity. The act of embedding a new memorial into an existing commemorative space transfers to the new monument a sense of the weight of memory and commemorative potency of the preceding monuments. The new monument is also legitimised through its acceptance or incorporation into a recognised place of memory and commemoration. Furthermore, memorialising activities play an important role in the formation of group identities and collective memory, which may also be contested or renegotiated over time. This article presents a biographical exploration of this process of layered memorialisation using the war memorials situated in Paragon Square, Kingston Upon Hull, in East Yorkshire as a case study.


The small carrier wavelength at millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) frequencies enables featuring a large number of co-located antennas. This paper exploits the potential of large antenna arrays to develop a low-complexity directional modulation technique, Antenna Subset Modulation (ASM), for point-to-point secure wireless communication. The main idea in ASM is to modulate the radiation pattern at the symbol rate by driving only a subset of antennas in the array. This results in a directional radiation pattern that projects a sharply defined constellation in the desired direction and expanded further randomized constellation in other directions. Two techniques for implementing ASM are proposed. The first technique selects an antenna subset randomly for every symbol. While randomly switching antenna subsets does not affect the symbol modulation for a desired receiver along the main direction, it effectively randomizes the amplitude and phase of the received symbol for an eavesdropper along a sidelobe. Using a simplified statistical model, an expression for the average uncoded symbol error rate (SER) is derived as a function of the observation angle. To overcome the problem of large sidelobes in random antenna subset switching, the second technique uses an optimized antenna subset selection procedure based on simulated annealing to achieve superior performance compared with random selection. Numerical comparisons of the SER performance and secrecy capacity of the proposed techniques against those of conventional array transmission are presented to highlight the potential of ASM.


The rise of cloud computing brings new opportunities and challenges for education industry,this paper illustrates the application of Donghua cloud developed by VMWare and Citrix technologies in the management of university computer laboratory.In this way,it does not only have achieved server virtualization management and unify the management of teaching resources,but also can improve service availability and resources utilization.Meanwhile,it also can ensure the service reliability and save the management cost.


Regression equations to predict number of oocytes, or potential fecundity, of western spruce budworm (WSBW), Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman, adult females based on pupal and adult parameters are presented. Fresh pupal mass was the most precise predictor variable, pupal abdomen width and dry mass of adults or adult abdomens were less precise but still very good predictors, and pupal abdomen length was the least precise parameter for estimating number of oocytes. WSBW pupal mass decreased as the pupa aged. Therefore, it is important to know pupal age if pupal mass is used to predict number of oocytes. Duration of pupal period and pupal mass were inversely related; individuals that spent 10 d in the pupal stage were significantly smaller than pupae that developed in 7–9 d. Host species the WSBW larva fed upon significantly affected the regression between number of oocytes and pupal mass, and also affected pupal mass, adult abdomen mass, and adult whole mass but did not affect number of oocytes in the adult. Factors to consider when using pupal or adult size measurements to estimate WSBW fecundity are discussed.


Fouling is one of the most important problems associated with the application of reverse osmosis systems.The performance of membrane can be restored by immediate cleaning.In this paper,the research and application of on-line cleaning for sea water reverse osmosis membranes of nuclear power station were introduced.The practice indicate that periodical physical cleaning and appropriate chemical cleaning can ensure operating performance of membrane.


There is no doubt that we are training our future professionals academically, responding to the curricula designed for such a profession. But the question is whether we are educating them in terms of the responsibility and commitment both to the profession and to the students they have to train. The objective of this research work is to identify the attitude of future professionals toward professional ethics, that is, the attitude of those professionals who will work in an educational centre: teachers, pedagogues, and educational psychologists. In addition, we aimed to find out which are the most significant characteristics of being a good professional. In our research we adopted the descriptive method and for data collection we used an attitude scale. We used the one designed by Hirsch (2005) entitled "Scale of Attitudes on Professional Ethics", obtaining satisfactory indicators of reliability and validity. Our sample was composed of the students of the last year of four degrees. It was representative with a 95% confidence level, and 452 students participated. To calculate this we applied simple random sampling, considering the finite population. Of the total sample, 30.8% was represented by students from the degree of Infant Education, 20.5% by Primary Education, 22.1% were studying Pedagogy and 25.3% of the sample was from Psychopedagogy. Our final conclusion is that we do not wish to make the participating students more ethical, but rather that they are able to think ethically about their professional performance. While there is consciousness about ethics, it is very necessary to think more deeply about them, because all students should have been in agreement an ethical attitude. The future education professionals must be able to think ethically about their professional performance. Only then, we will be able to guarantee their commitment to inclusion, because inclusion is an attitude to the teacher.


Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) p24 antigenemia was assessed in a longitudinal study of 52 homosexual men who developed serum antibody to HIV. Antibody seroconversion to HIV as defined by a positive HIV enzyme immunoassay (EIA) confirmed by Western (immuno-) blot was associated with three major patterns of HIV antigenemia. In the first pattern, a transient antigenemia was noted 6 (six subjects) and 12 (one subject) months prior to detection of antibody by HIV EIA and Western blot in 7 (13.5%) of the 52 men. Use of an EIA employing a recombinant envelope protein (ENV9) was able to detect antibody in four of these seven men at the time of this early antigenemia. In the second pattern, HIV p24 antigenemia occurred in 8 (15.4%) of the 52 subjects within the first 12 months after HIV antibody seroconversion. No p24 antigen was detected in the 37 (71.1%) remaining subjects. CD4+ cell numbers were lower in antigen-positive men before and after antibody seroconversion. Development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex was strongly associated with evidence of persistent p24 antigenemia during the early, postseroconversion period. HIV p24 antigenemia may be of value in determining appropriate cohorts for drug therapy trials for subjects with early-phase HIV infection.


The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a fluorine-containing dilute sulphuric acid delivery pump. The method comprises the following steps: a volute of a centrifugal pump is manufactured through 0.8mm graphite raw materials performed with twice dipping and triple baking and then is performed with triple immersion treatment and thermal treatment through phenolic resins; an impeller of the centrifugal pump is manufactured by 0.25mm high-quality graphite blocks and then is performed with triple dipping treatment and thermal treatment through the phenolic resins; and two mechanically-sealed end faces of the centrifugal pump are made of pressureless sintered silicon carbide. Products manufactured through the method are good in anti-corrosion performance, high in temperature resistance, stable in operation and long in service life.


From the perspective of BSC, this article focuses on the development strategy and educational responsibilities of universities, elaborating on the cultivation of quality students and innovation in technologies. With an emphasis on the balance between resource acquisition and its effective use, the author endeavors to formulate an evaluative system of strategic achievements of universities in our country, in the light of which universities' strategic executive capability, their renewal of the way in strategic thinking, and their overall competence and competitiveness are to be enhanced.


I. Introduction, 41. — II. The equilibrium of the competitive firm, 42; the cost of uncertainty, 42; the economics of prediction, 46; prediction and profit, 48; prediction and supply, 51. — III. The equilibrium of the competitive industry, 54; prediction and profit in a closed industry, 55; prediction and economic equilibrium in an open industry, 58; prediction and price variation, 58; decentralization of prediction, 60. — IV. Conclusions, 61.