This research was conducted with dissident political parties' supporters that were represented in the parliament of Turkey via 2015 parliamentary election. Using the Identity Fusion Theory, the study aims to explore the relations of people with local in-group (supporters of the supported political party) and extended in-group (citizens of the Republic of Turkey); and test the endorsement of extreme behaviors as fighting or sacrificing own life to save in-group members or improve the current conditions of in-group. Accordingly, data was collected from Republican People's Party (CHP; N = 320), Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP; N = 215), and Nationalist Movement Party (MHP; N = 150) supporters. There were significant group differences on study variables based on one's political party identity. Broadly, local in-group based socio-psychological processes were stronger in samples of HDP, MHP, and CHP supporters, respectively whereas extended in-group based socio-psychological processes were stronger in samples of MHP, CHP, and HDP supporters, respectively. Moreover, local in-group and extended in-group based socio-psychological processes were positively associated with each other in samples of CHP, and MHP supporters; but not associated in sample of HDP supporters. Identity fusion with local in-group indicated positive indirect (mediational) associations with endorsement of extreme behaviors for the sake of local in-group and extended in-group in three samples. The research findings complement the related literature, and present a relatively new theoretical approach to explain extreme pro-group behaviors. Keywords Identity fusion theory, extreme pro-group behavior, local in-group, extended in-group


Thepurpose ofthis research is analyzing the effectiveness ofnational minister regulation number84 of2008 on gender mainstreaming in education and identifying the factors causing the effectiveness of regulation. Thisresearch located in Kebumen Regency. The type of this research is policy evaluation research. This research used qualitative descriptive approach. Data sources were informants,places and events, and documents. Data collecting technique performs by literature study and focus group discussion. The informants wereselectedreferto itspurpose. Datavalidation basedon triangulation and itsanalyzed using interactive analysis model. Theresult of this research indicates: 1) nationaleducation ministerregulationnumber84 of2008 is effective promote on gender equalityand equity in education, 2) the factors influence the effectiveness of regulation including: political will, theeffectiveroleongenderworkinggroupandgender localpoint, gender sensitive human resources, gender based information system, the availability of gender analysis instru ment, gender responsive budget, technicalassistance from thegovernmentat provinciallevel, and com munitysupport.


Six factors affecting new type weapons and equipment capacity development are ana- lyzed,which include quality characteristic,quantity,man-equipment,training and exercises,synthet- ic supports,and information management.Based on the factors,evaluating index system for new type weapons and equipment capacity developments are established,and new type weapons and equipment capacity developments are evaluated with Delphi method.The index system are not only used to evalu- ate single weapon system capacity,but also used to evaluate whole weapon system capacity.


Tropical soils containing large amounts of iron and aluminum sesquioxides can fix high amounts of phosphorus. The process is usually studied by way of adsorption isotherms. This paper shows that at intermediate concentration equilibrium solutions, the phosphorus adsorption can be represented either by the Langmuir or Freundlich equations. High correlations were obtained between the maximum adsorption and the concentration of the free iron oxides extracted by citrate-ditionite. However there were no significant correlations with the aluminium sesquioxide extracted with 0.5N sodium hydroxide. The initial phosphorus fractions added to the soils were bound with high energy to the iron constituents up to the maximum adsorption value, after which binding energy tended to decrease. In contrast, the combination of phosphorus with the aluminium constituents increased constantly as the concentration of added phosphorus was increased.


Introduction: Aflatoxin-B1 (AFB1) and hepatitis-B virus (HBV) are the most common etiological factors associated with the high incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Asia [1]. Epidemiological studies have also suggested a strong correlation between AFB1 exposure and a signature mutation on the tumor suppressor gene, p53. The latter is often mutated at codon 249 in HCCs that arise from areas of high risk factors, resulting in an amino acid change from arginine (AGG) to serine (AGT), which inactivates its function [2]. Thus we have investigated the HCC model that closely mimics human HCC, induced by expression of the Hepatitis surface antigen as a transgene from the albumin promoter (HBsAg) after treatment with AFB. In the present study we used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) and in vitro MRS to expose the biochemical changes that are associated with a high risk of HCC.


Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the toenails or fingernails that can involve any component of the nail unit, including the matrix, Bed and plate. Recently, Fungal isolates showed increasing resistance to antifungal agents and this had contributed to high morbidity among the patients. For that the study aimed isolation and identification of Dermatophytes fungi, Nondermatophytes fungi and Yeast caused of Onychomycosis and biosynthesis of silver nanoparticals (AgNPs) using biomass Cladosporium cladosporioides and evolution of antifungal against pathogenic fungi causing onychomycosis. The isolates were distributed as Dermatophyte fungi, non-dermatophyte mold and yeast. Bio synthesis of AgNPs using biomass of C. cladosporioides. Several techniques where used to characterize AgNPs: X-ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD), UV-Visible Spectroscopy, Scan Electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The effect of AgNPs at concentrations (25, 50 and 100) μg/ml against (2) isolates of Trichophyton spp. and (5) isolates of mold study by Food poising method. Also study the effect of AgNPs against (4) isolates of Candida spp and (1) isolates of Rhodotorula spp. by agar plate well diffusion assay. The results showed that all Trichophyton spp, mold isolates and some species of yeast were susceptible to AgNPs and the inhibition rate increases with the increase of concentration.


The article describes the performance of enzymes KKS infectious risk during pregnancy. A significant reduction of
prekallikrein and kallikrein, and increase of TATA (total antitriptic activity), BAEE (N-benzoyl-1-arginine ethyl ether)
kininase is shown that can be used as a marker of inflammation in pregnant women infectious risk


Although software tools already have a place on serial and vector computers they are becoming increasingly important for parallel computing. Message passing libraries, parallel operating systems and high level parallel languages are the basic software tools necessary to implement a parallel processing program. These tools up to now have been specific to each parallel computer system and a short survey will be given. The aim of another class of software tools for parallel computers is to help in writing or rewriting application programs. Because automatic parallelization tools are not very successful, an interactive component has to be incorporated. We will concentrate here on the discussion of SPEFY, a parallel program development facility.


The aims of this research were to determine the proximate composition of various salts and to compare two digestion methods (direct digestion without heating, and microwave digestion) for the determination of the main mineral contents of various salts. Twelve salt samples were divided into three groups of four samples each (imported, Korean gray, and Korean white salts). As a result, the NaCl contents of the Korean white, Korean gray, and imported salts were 85.1, 89.3, and 91.3%, respectively. The salts in the three groups were analyzed for their main mineral contents via AAS. The sodium (Na) content of the Korean white salt was found to be slightly lower than that of the imported salt while the magnesium (Mg) and potassium (K) contents of the Korean white salt were found to be higher than those of the imported salt. The mineral composition (% Na:Mg) obtained using microwave-assisted digestion procedures, and the other dissolutions for the subsequent sample analysis, were 89:1 (for both the imported and Korean gray salts) and 82:3 vs. 81:3 (Korean white salt), respectively. The data regarding the mineral contents and composition of the sun-dried salts obtained through the analysis method of wet digestion and the dissolution procedure were compared, and no significant difference was found between the two datasets. Consequently, in this paper, a direct dissolution procedure is suggested for the analysis of the mineral composition of salt.


Background : Dengue is an emerging public health problem in Tarai Region of Nepal. The most affected are among the poorest populations living in remote, rural areas and urban slums who have even no access for medical treatment. This study was carried out with the objective of the determining the serodiagnosis of dengue in symptomatic individuals and comparing it to IgM ELISA. Methods : One hundred eighty three samples were collected from the suspected cases having clinical symptoms of dengue in the Tarai region of Nepal during September to October 2007. Particle Agglutination (PA) assays was performed and it was compared with IgM capture ELISA. Results : Out of the total of 183 serum samples that 55(30%) samples were positive by PA assay. When compared with IgM-capture ELISA, a 50 of 55 were positive (sensitivity of 98% and specificity of 96%; a positive prediction value of 90% and negative prediction value of 99%). Conclusions : The finding of this study showed that dengue is firmly established in low endemic Tarai region of Nepal. The sensitivity and specificity of PA assay is acceptably high and will be useful in rural areas of Nepal. Key words: Dengue, Tarai region, Particle agglutination test, IgM capture ELISA DOI: 10.3126/jnhrc.v7i1.2276 Journal of Nepal Health Research Council Vol. 7, No. 1, 2009 April 29-32


OBJECTIVE To establish an HPLC assay for determination of vancomycin in plasma.METHODS The vancomycin in plasma extracted by the sedimentation with(0.005 g) zinc sulfate was determined through ODS-C_(18) column(250 mm×(4.6 mm)) with a mixture of methanol and potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer solution(20:80) as the mobile sample.Other HPLC conditions were optimized with: the elution rate of less than(1.2 mL)·min~(-1),The injection volume was 20 μL,the column temperature was 25 ℃ and the detection wavelength was 281nm.RESULTS The detection limit for vancomycin was 80 μg·L~(-1),The calibrated linear plot of vancomycin was in the range of(5.0)-(80.00 mg)·L~(-1)(r=(0.999 3),n=5)with the relevant recovery of(96.86%)-(102.17%),within-day RSD of(3.8%)、(2.1%)、(0.81%) and between-day RSD of(3.4%)、(2.7%)、(1.6%).CONCLUSION The method is simple,rapid and credible.


It has been observed in many studies of oxidation kinetics that silicon dioxide growth in the thin regime (<30 nm) is faster than the predictions of the linear‐parabolic Deal–Grove relationship. We have developed a conceptual and mathematical model for the thermal oxidation of silicon which is based on an initial dissociative chemisorption of molecular oxygen on the 2×1 silicon (100) surface followed by subsequent diffusion and dissociative reactions of molecular oxygen at the Si/SiO2 interface. This model accounts for current experimental observations on the structural modification of the reconstructed surface to a 1×1 superlattice on limited exposure to molecular oxygen and provides a mechanistic rationale for the self‐limiting mechanism of the oxide film at ∼0.6 nm during low‐temperature oxidation processes. The rate‐equation model, consistent with the proposed reactions at the Si/SiO2 interface, has been refined to give an excellent fit to experimental data within all thickness regimes, but especially...


Cells of FL strain and primary human amnion cultures have been exposed to high hydrostatic pressure, and their ultrastructure has been observed following pressure release. Pressure treatment reveals a high degree of intercellular adhesiveness in primary amnion characterized by the formation of intercellular "bridges." Electron micrographs of these cells reveal well defined desmosomes associated with the bridge formation. FL cells show little, if any, intercellular adhesiveness but respond to pressure release by a vigorous surface bleb formation not apparent in primary amnion. The ultrastructure of these blebs reveals a pronounced involvement of ergastoplasm and reinforces the concept that they are pseudopodial in character.


EVA, MVA, and FVA analysis techniques are used to see better and more efficient financial performance of the company. This study aims to determine financial performance based on EVA (Economic Value Added) method, Market Value Added, and Financial Value Added in coal mining sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study uses a descriptive quantitative method, with a purposive sampling technique in the coal subsector mining companies listed on the Stock Exchange and posting operating profit for the period 2014-2018.EVA results in this study are 6 companies with stock codes BYAN, DOID, ITMG, PTBA, SMMT, and TOBA which have positive EVA values over a period of 5 years. Then from this study there are MVA results that tend to be negative. There are 3 companies with stock codes DOID, ITMG, and PTRO that have negative MVA values each year for a period of 5 years. Then for the FVA value generated in this study, there are 3 companies that have negative FVA values each year during the study period, those companies are companies with stock codes DOID, KKGI, and PTRO.


Objective To explore the possibility under fiber nasopharynx laryngoscope treat the epiglottis cyst with YAG laser.Methods Under fiber nasopharynx laryngoscope,From the fiber nasopharynx laryngoscope of hole put into the YAG laser the fiber,and treat the epiglottis cyst 84 patients.Results 84 patients all were cured.Following up above 1 year,No patients relapse.Conclusion Under fiber nasopharynx laryngoscope the YAG laser treat the epiglottis cyst the operation is simple,The effect is satisfaction.


This paper tests the proposition that action research conducted within an organisation can develop the kind of leadership capabilities that are likely to enhance sustainability outcomes. It reports the conduct of an action research process used in FOXTEL to develop a component of its overall CSR strategy.


Consumers are offered technology for the sake of technology instead of real services. Do people really want broadband Internet access in their homes? It has been five years since household broadband Internet connections first became available. Yet only 4 percent of US homes with Internet-capable PCs have a broadband connection. In Europe, the figure is a paltry 4 percent. Why would not everyone want broadband? It delivers bits at blinding speeds and it will improve our lives in countless ways. We know that because the "techies" have told us so. And that is the problem. Most people do not care about bits per second, packet switching, and latency. They care about how the technology is going to specifically affect their lives-for the better, hopefully. It is the techies who love technology for its own sake, and they are still running the telecommunications industry, as they have for the past 120 years.


The aim of this research was to evaluate a pilot programme of early engagement with teenage mothers in the Well Child/Tamariki Ora (WC/TO) service provided by one consistent Plunket nurse. The pilot programme was based on recommendations from previous research which showed teenage mothers were not well engaged in the WC/TO service and had parenting skill needs that were not being met. The evaluation was based on interviews with 15 teenage mothers receiving the pilot service and with the Plunket nurse providing it. Plunket records for the teenage mothers were reviewed and compared on certain measures with a matched control group. Findings highlighted the teenage mothers' high levels of satisfaction with the service and the development of a trusting nurse/client relationship which led to strong client engagement with the WC/TO service and other support services. Better outcomes on measures such as breastfeeding status and child immunisation were also indicated.


Ever-expanding large-scale personal data transfer and rapidly-glowing IoT applications raise mobile communication traffic continuously. Electromangetic harmonics from fast-switching power-electronic inverter equipment, especially driven by SiC or GaN switching devices, generate unnecessary electromagnetic wave that conflicts with telecommunication frequency bands in the GHz range[1]. Accordingly it is expected to develop a new methodology to tolerate the noise suppression and signal integrity of an RF IC.


This work presents the results of the development and testing of a domestic vaccine against infectious atrophic rhinitis and pasteurellosis in pigs caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica and Pasteurella multocida type A and D. A drug was designed with the following antigenic composition: B. bronchiseptica (strain B-1341) - 6 * 109 m.c. / dose; antigen of P. multocida type A (strain B-1303) - 3 * 109 m.c. / dose; antigen of P. multocida type D (strain B-1308) - 3 * 109 m. c. / dose. A 3% solution of Aluminum hydroxide in a proportion of 10% was used as an adjuvant. One immunizing dose is 2 cm3. In the course of the study, it was found that the survival of piglets obtained from vaccinated sows is 97.16%, which is comparable with the same indicator in the group of animals immunized with the reference drug - 96.96%. Despite the fact that the average weight of piglets in the experimental group on the 45th day of life was 130 g less than of those in the control group, by the 180th day of life, the experimental piglets were 4.33 kg heavier than the animals in the control group. The average daily gain in the experimental group was 33 g more than the one in the control group. Thus, the selected antigenic composition for the inactivated vaccine is optimal, and is capable of providing high immunogenic and protective activity, both in a vivarium and in an industrial pig-breeding enterprise.


Abstract Railways are becoming increasingly market-driven. Consequently, it is important that passengers are provided with a comfortable environment that reflects the operator's desired image for the service. A major factor in determining how passengers perceive the environment within trains is the level and nature of sound to which they are exposed. Unfortunately, the subject of noise within railway vehicles has had less attention in recent years, and is therefore less well developed, than external "environmental" noise. Two specific areas that merit investigation are methods for its quantification and assessment. A variety of criteria are used for assessing the noise environment within buildings, and may be considered appropriate for the quantification of internal train noise. These include "noise criteria" (NC), "preferred noise criteria" (PNC), "noise rating" (NR), and "room criterion" (RC). Recently, the automotive industry has also been using loudness level. Simple descriptors, such as the A-weighted sound level, have not been found to correlate well with perceived acoustic comfort. A complicating factor when considering internal rail vehicle noise is that its level and quality is not constant, with significant variability likely to occur over the duration of a journey. This difficulty is compounded by acoustic spatial variation within a vehicle. The paper considers the problems inherent in the quantification of noise within rail vehicles, and in the determination of the relationship between this noise and passenger response. Methods by which these problems may be overcome are discussed, drawing on real data and on long experience of study in this field.


This paper describes the development and evaluation of thixoformable Al-Li-Mg-based alloys performed at the collaborative research center SFB 289, RWTH Aachen. Scandium and zirconium were added to AlLi2.1Mg5.5 (A1420) with the aid of DoE (Design of Experiments), and precursor billets were manufactured by pressure induction melting (PIM). To evaluate the thixoformability of the synthesized alloys semi-solid processed connecting rods were manufactured by the rheo container process (RCP). Subsequent heat treatment raised the mechanical properties to maximum values of tensile strength, 430 MPa, yield strength of 250 MPa, and an elongation to fracture of 13%. The RCP process was designed for the special requirements of highly reactive alloys. The paper presents the remarkable property and process benefits of the semi-solid processing of Al-Li alloys.


Universities offering courses in the field of analyzing, configuring and safeguarding computer networks, provide specific software and hardware resources to students for practical assignments. At distance universities these resources usually are not physically accessible for remote students. We initially addressed this issue by offering an environment which allows students to build virtual computer networks on their local computer. The environment consists of a preconfigured virtualized software package and is referred to as the virtual lab. This approach reaches its limits when students intend to perform group work similar to typical on-site courses. To remove this limitation, we developed an extended virtual lab, called the Distributed Virtual Computer Security Lab (DVCSL), in which distinct remote virtual labs can be connected across a connection network (e.g., the internet). The DVCSL allows remote students to perform networking and security exercises inside an encapsulated distributed common networking environment. The design of the DVCSL meets two major requirements: establishing a transparent communication path between remote virtual labs and assuring that non-participating systems outside the DVCSL are not affected by the transmitted data. In this paper we present the architecture of the DVCSL and demonstrate its functionality as well as its security by an example setup.


This paper presents new evidence on the interaction between demographic and occupational change in Europe over the last 25 years. We use data from the European Union Labour Force Survey covering six European countries. The analysis is based on a cross‐sectional comparison between the population and employment distributions in 1995 and 2019. This strategy allows us to study the changing demographic dynamics, which have brought a more feminized, aged, and educated working population, in a context of structural employment change, where higher job polarization or occupational upgrading are the main patterns. The results indicate that the increasing female participation has been associated with a strong general process of occupational upgrading that particularly benefited women. Still, the occupational profile of women is polarized relative to men. Although the process of educational upgrading was also stronger for women and overall they improved their occupational profile more than that of men, we find declining occupational returns to higher education for female workers in two countries. Finally, while European labor markets could accommodate the large increase in older workers, their occupational profile suffered some downgrading.


Kodak and other companies use Laser Thermal Printing (LTP) for digital color proofing, computer to plate preparation, and other graphic art applications with highest quality results. This paper addresses the questions a) why does LTP work so well ? and b) what can we expect in the future ? The LTP process consists of focusing the beam of a diode laser onto a coating containing an infra red absorber and either a dye or a thermally sensitive reagent. The infrared dye absorbs the diode laser beam and converts the energy to heat, which causes the dye to transfer, or a chemical reaction in the coating. LTP images have very high resolution because the laser spot can be focused almost to the diffraction limit. Edges are very sharp because the temperature drop at the edge of the beam is steep. An important factor in the application of LTP to graphic arts is that all the amplification is electronic and the results are therefore predictable, reliable and robust. These are essential qualities that will determine how far the printing industry can change from a skilled art and craft to an automated and standardized process.


This paper will discuss how high truck traffic, heavy axle loads, and high tire pressures have contributed to the demand for rut-resistant hot mix asphalt (HMA) on major highways. Therefore, there is a need for a test that can show the rutting resistance of mixes and that can be conducted in a timely manner during mix design processes or for quality assurance purposes. For these reasons, the Asphalt Pavement Analyzer (APA) has been widely adopted for checking the rutting resistance of HMA during the mix design process in many states. State procedures for APA testing are based on American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) TP 63. This AASHTO procedure was updated in 2007. However, questions remain related to the sample preparation, testing parameters, and rut depth measurement methods in the AASHTO procedure, as well as the suitability of the APA for screening mix designs and quality assurance purposes. A study was conducted at the National Center for Asphalt Technology (NCAT) to address some of these questions. The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the differences in APA rut depth measurements for two combinations of hose pressure and wheel load; (2) investigate the possibility of using automated rut depth measurements interchangeably with manual rut depths measured according to the revised AASHTO T 63 procedure; (3) evaluate the correlation between lab and field rutting performance; and (4) determine the APA rutting criteria for screening mix designs and quality assurance purposes. This study used field cores and laboratory specimens compacted to Ndes and the target air voids of 7 percent using HMA mixtures sampled during the construction of 12 test sections at the NCAT Pavement Test Track in 2006. The APA tests were conducted at two combinations of hose pressure and wheel load. The laboratory measured rut depths were then analyzed and compared with performance data collected at the NCAT Pavement Test Track. This study found that it was difficult to achieve 7 ± 0.5 percent air voids for APA specimens prepared in the field without prior experience with the mix. The manual and automated rut depths measured according to the revised AASHTO TP 63 procedure was statistically different in this study. For both combinations of wheel load and hose pressure, the APA rut depths for specimens compacted to the target air voids of 7 percent had better correlations with the field rutting performance. The revised AASHTO TP 63 procedure and the APA rutting criteria determined in this study can be used for screening mix designs and quality assurance purposes.


Time-based ADC is an essential block in designing software radio receivers because it exhibits higher speed and lower power compared to the conventional ADC, especially, at scaled CMOS technologies. In time-based ADCs, the input voltage is first converted to a pulse delay time by using a Voltage-to-Time Converter (VTC) circuit, and then the pulse delay time is converted to a digital word by using a Time-to-Digital Converter (TDC) circuit. In this paper, an analytical model for the timing jitter and skew due to noise and process variations, respectively, is proposed for the VTC circuit. The derived model is verified and compared to Monte Carlo simulations and Eldo transient noise simulations by using industrial 65-nm CMOS technology. This paper shows how the timing jitter/skew can be reduced by using circuit design knobs such as the supply voltage and the load capacitance.


Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were directly grown on nanoporous alumina templates/aluminum foil by chemical vapor deposition using different temperatures and times. Next, aluminum was sputtered onto the nanoporous alumina templates with grown CNTs/aluminum foil with grown CNTs by varying the sputtering time and power. Finally, aluminum oxide was formed by anodizing in an ammonium adipate solution. A higher capacitance (2159 μF/cm 2 ) as well as a superior operation voltage (55.10 V) with the pore bottom of the alumina templates as a substrate and a higher capacitance (3426 μF/cm 2 ) as well as a superior operation voltage (38.44 V) with an aluminum foil substrate were obtained at better/the best CNT growing conditions (600°C/60 min) and better sputtering conditions (65 W and 4 h). Furthermore, the higher the CNT growing temperature, the higher the capacitance. The capacitance decreased with increasing sputtering power and time, but the operation voltage increased with increasing sputtering power and time.


Aim.  To explore the existential experiences of 10 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who had been prescribed long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) and their carers.

Background.  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a progressive and debilitating condition, with an insidious onset often diagnosed in the middle to later years of life, after a history of worsening breathlessness (Herbert & Gregor 1997). It is a life limiting condition that is on the increase worldwide. Evidence suggests that for some people with COPD oxygen therapy can improve longevity and quality of life (MRC 1981, NOTT 1980). Understanding of the existential meaning of COPD for people is required.

Method.  This longitudinal Heideggerian study was carried out between 2005–2006. Participants were interviewed separately, in their own homes, at the start of LTOT, second 3 months later and finally at 9 months.

Results.  Themes of living with COPD emerged from the data; struggling, fear, experience of ill health, blame, fatalism and hidden disability.

Conclusion.  The participants all shared very negative experiences regarding the changes that living with COPD had placed on their lifestyle and quality of life. The introduction of oxygen appeared, for all but one couple, to increase the negative impact of living with poor health.

Relevance to clinical practice.  The participants' experiences in this study highlight the need for health professionals to explore with people what it is like living with a long-term condition. This sharing of experiences may help individuals to make informed choices about treatment and readdress their perception of 'just existing' with 'no quality to their lives' thereby enabling people and carers to adjust to living with a life-limiting condition like COPD and the introduction of life long-term therapeutic interventions.


A 44-year-old man presented to the emergency department with cocaine-induced chest pain. There was no previous cardiac history. His initial ECG was abnormal (figure 1A). On examination, he appeared well and a charging iPhone 4 was found beneath his …


Clustering is the task of partitioning objects into clusters on the basis of certain criteria so that objects in the same cluster are similar. Many clustering methods have been proposed in a number of decades. Since clustering results depend on criteria and algo- rithms, appropriate selection of them is an essential problem. Recently, large sets of users ' behavior logs and text documents are common. These are often presented as high-dimensional and sparse vectors. This chapter introduces information-theoretic clustering (ITC), which is appropriate and useful to analyze such a high-dimensional data, from both theoretical and experimental side. Theoretically, the criterion, generative models, and novel algorithms are shown. Experimentally, it shows the effectiveness and usefulness of ITC for text analysis as an important example.


1Department of Radiology, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL; and Department of Radiology, Rush North Shore Medical Center, 9600 Gross Point Rd., Skokie, IL 60076. Address correspondence to L. Berlin (firstname.lastname@example.com). "Then you should say what you mean," The March Hare went on. "I do," Alice hastily replied; "At least—at least I mean what I say— That's the same thing, you know." "Not the same thing a bit!" said the Hatter. —Lewis Carroll Alice's Adventures in Wonderland [1]


Extensive research has been done on reliable data forwarding in sensor networks. Existing protocols provide reliability at the cost of high energy consumption. In this paper, we propose to develop an Adaptive Energy Efficient Forwarding Protocol (AEEFP) with the aim of keeping the energy consumption low while achieving high reliability. In our proposed protocol, the data forwarding probability is adaptively determined based on the measured loss conditions. Since energy consumption is minimized, the network lifetime is maximized. Since the source rebroadcast the data, until the packet loss is minimized, high data reliability is achieved. By simulation results we show that the proposed protocol achieves high reliability while ensuring low energy consumption and overhead.


AbstractA multivariate analysis of variance applied to polinomial interpretation of growth curves in used for the interpretation of dissolution curves of four experimental, sustained release, wax type theophylline tablets.The factors under study were glyceril palmitic stearate, carboxypol imethylene contents and compression force. The tablets were formulated according an experimental design based on 4 × 4 Hadamard matrix. The USP type I apparatus for dissolution test and CHI 0.1 N plus O.1%. polysorbate 80 as dissolution medium was used.The statistical interpretation of results showed: first, that dissolution rates were almost constant for the four formulations during 8 h; second, the main difference between formulation dissolution rates can be inputed to fat excipient content and in much lesser extent to carboxipolymethylene content; third, the theopylline release rate was unaffected by compression force.


This chapter takes an ethnohistorical approach to the study of cultural continuity in the town of Tepoztlan, Morelos. During the course of history, the people of Tepoztlan have maintained social cohesion by reenacting a historical legend, the "Legend of Tepozteco," which brings together pre-Hispanic and colonial mythologies with contemporary performance art at the base of an ancient temple. This social cohesion produced through performance and place has allowed the community to resist economic projects that have threatened the ecological, cultural, and social identity of their town, such as a movement against the construction of a golf course in 1995.


We generalize reflection symmetry detection to a curved glide reflection symmetry detection problem. We propose a unifying, local feature based approach for curved glide reflection symmetry detection from real, unsegmented images, where the classic reflection symmetry becomes one of four special cases. Our method detects and groups statistically dominant local reflection axes in a 3D parameter space. A curved glid reflection symmetry axis is estimated by a set of contiguous local straight reflection axes. Experimental results of the proposed algorithm on 40 real world images demonstrate promising performance.


The role of the interfacial region in determining the bond strength and durability of composite bonds is discussed. The characterization of a variety of carbon fibers including Celion 6000 using both scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is discussed. The emphasis is on composite bonding, that is, the adhesive bonding between composites in contrast to fiber-matrix interaction. The primary objective of the research is the characterization of composite surfaces before adhesive bonding and after fracture of bonded specimens. Work done on the analysis of composite samples pretreated in a number of ways prior to bonding is detailed.


Denitrification can remove substantial amounts of NO3− from stream networks, but controls on the magnitude and distribution of network-scale denitrification remain poorly understood. Prior research using an empirical relationship between stream [NO3−] and denitrification efficiency to construct a stream network denitrification model suggested that smaller, lower order streams contributed disproportionately to whole-network NO3− removal when NO3− loads were low. We expanded this model by incorporating an empirical relationship between whole-stream aerobic respiration rate and denitrification efficiency, which decreased the simulated sensitivity of NO3− removal to [NO3−] and displayed additional heterogeneity in NO3− removal associated with variation in respiration rates. We explored the sensitivity of the expanded model across a set of scenarios representing variation in stream respiration and NO3−-loading rates. Stream respiration rates used in these scenarios were determined from a theoretical relationship between aerobic respiration rate and stream temperature and were calculated for model scenarios representing warm (high respiration rate) and cool (low respiration rate) conditions. Our results indicated that reach- and network-scale denitrification is apt to be strongly influenced by respiration rates when NO3− supplies are high relative to removal rates. Therefore, the distribution of respiration rates across stream networks likely plays a more important role in determining spatial patterns of denitrification rates than previously described, highlighting a mechanism by which larger (higher order) streams may contribute substantially to whole-network denitrification.


We present methods for built-in test and calibration of phased arrays using code-modulated embedded test (CoMET). Our approach employs Cartesian modulation of test signals within each element using existing phase shifters, combining of these signals into an aggregate code-multiplexed response, downconversion and creation of code-modulated element-to-element"interference products"using a built-in power detector, demodulation of correlations from the digitized interference response, and extraction of amplitude and phase per element using an equation solver. Rotated-axis methodology is discussed for accurate extraction of phase near the original 0/90/180/270 degree axes. Our techniques are demonstrated at board level for both receive and transmit modes using an eight-element 8-16 GHz phased array constructed using ADAR1000 chips from ADI. At 6 GHz, CoMET-extracted gain and phase are accurate to within 0.2 dB and 3 degree compared to network-analyzer measurements. We then employ CoMET in a calibration loop to determinate optimum control settings at 6 GHz, outside the 8-16 GHz band for which the array was designed. We achieve seven-bit phase resolution with equalized gain. The root-mean squared gain and phase errors are improved from 0.8 dB and 8 degree before calibration to 0.1 dB and 1.7 degree after calibration.


A variety of polysubstituted thiophenes have been prepared via a solvent-free one-pot microwave assisted Gewald reaction using poly (ethylene glycol) as a soluble polymer support.


The British further education (FE) sector has experienced almost continual restructuring as it adapts to simultaneously meet the evolving needs of industry and to tackle social injustice. Studies examining the work of FE lecturers suggest that they have become alienated and stressed by loss of autonomy and work intensification. This paper discusses the findings of a qualitative case study utilising the concept of emotional labour to explore how female care lecturers within a Scottish FE college experience the demands of their work. The findings suggest that the influence of the broader FE sector, along with professional and gender identities, is evident in the lecturer's teaching and care ethics and is directly related to the emotional demands faced by the lecturers. Furthermore, it is suggested that as current austerity measures affect the sector, lecturers may find it difficult to recognise and challenge excessive levels of emotional labour that are associated with their work.


The invention relates to a device for reading and / or writing of a rotating disc comprising a optoelectromecanique device (100) movably positioned above the disc and connected to a motherboard (200) through d a set of electrical son. The optoelectromecanique device comprises actuators (101), a laser diode (102), photodetectors (103) and an electronic circuit (104), each photodetector providing the electronic circuit a proportional analog electrical signal to the received light signal, the electronic circuit controlling the diode and actuators. The electronic circuit comprises a converter (105) digitizing the signals from the photodetectors and transmits the digitized signals to a digital processing module (106) provides positioning information (@ Δ) of optoelectromecanique device relative to the disk, and a signal reference clock (Ck) whose period corresponds substantially to a multiple or a submultiple of the duration corresponding to the overflight optoelectromecanique device of a disc bit.


How do designers identify substances as materials to be worked into artifacts? Understanding how designer-material collaborations are instantiated, and the effect of those relations on design expression, helps us understand how artifacts come to be as they are. In the digital environment, the relationship between designer and material is complicated by the ambiguous, abstract nature of digital "substances." This conceptual essay uses case studies from a design project to trace the role of community values in the materialization of a particular abstraction: a deliberate positioning of the designer's situated viewpoint. By comparing cases where designers materialize a situated position within the resulting artifact and where designers do not do so, this essay illustrates how community values mediate designer-material collaborations. These case studies also demonstrate the effect of designer-material relations on design expression. The designs that materialize a position structure a more reciprocal, dialogic relationship between designer and user.


Experimental analysis of the stress concentration effects in thin-walled channel beams is shown. A mathematical model of the stress concentration factor is presented. Stress measurements were carried out by photoelastic method on channel beam models made of birefringent material, which enabled the places in which stress concentrations occurred to be identified and their maximum values to be estimated. The differences between calculated and measured values are presented in a tabulated form. For the covering abstract of the conference see TRIS 391971. (TRRL)


This article investigates isomorphisms between certain subgroups of the projective unitary groups of hermitian modules over semisimple Artinian rings with anti-structures. These subgroups contain the commutator subgroups of the projective unitary groups. Specifically, the article provides conditions under which these isomorphisms are induced by and the underlying rings are connected by hermitian Morita equivalences (HMEs). This article introduces the hyperbolic length of a module as well as the concept of generalized hyperbolic modules over simple Artinian rings, and over semisimple Artinian rings with anti-structures. The article shows that the stated isomorphisms are induced by HMEs if all the following conditions hold: (a) the hermitian forms are nonsingular and trace valued; (b) the modules in question are generalized hyperbolic; (c) the hyperbolic length equals three or is greater than or equal to five (hyperbolic length is greater than or equal to five in the semisimple case). Significantly, the condition of the hyperbolic length of a module greater than or equal to m is satisfied by a set of modules larger than or equal to those satisfying the condition of the Witt index of the module greater than or equal to m.


This research purpose to know how is the interaction pattern between reloation team and road traders in policy implementation about relocation to Benteng Pancasila Mojokerto City using qualitative method and descriptive type of research, in which the data captured by deep interview, observation and documentation. This research used purposive sampling and snowball technique to define 6 informants who have good insight about the problem researched. The reseaercher used qualitative analysis with 3 steps data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion-making. The final conclusion got from this research is that interaction pattern that used is an associative process, but it still not perfect yet. Therefore, this condition has to be solved soon by finding the best solution so that set of problems appeared will not sustainable.


The biomedical waste [management & handling] rules, 1998 gives a wider definition of biomedical waste,
covers different sources generation of biomedical: includes different types of biomedical waste. Biomedical
waste management & handling rules 1998 of India provide different waste categories like human
anatomical waste, animal waste, microbiological & biotechnology waste, waste sharps, discarded medicine etc.
The quantity of biomedical waste generated per bed per day will vary depending upon the type of health
problems, the type of care provided & the hospital waste management practices. It is estimated that the
hospital in India generates around 1-2 kg/bed/day of biomedical waste in a general practitioner's clinic.
Approximately 75% of biomedical waste is as harmless as other municipal waste, the remaining 25% however
differ from others.


This paper describes five ways of experiencing dissemination, from distributing project products and information to experiencing dissemination as an ongoing two-way engagement aimed at bringing about change in the culture of teaching and learning. It is based on a phenomenographic analysis of interviews with developers and adopters of project innovations about project dissemination, adoption and adaptation. Engaged, ongoing dissemination activities are more likely than passive websites or publications to bring about adoption and embedding of innovations in new contexts but it is widely perceived that academic publications are more likely to be recognised and rewarded.


The field of scalar and vector potentials in electrodynamics is shown to represent an informational field capable of superluminally transmitting a signal (information) with no energy and momentum transfer. This conclusion strictly follows from Maxwell's equations for electromagnetic field interacting with electric charges and currents in vacuum, without resort to any additional hypotheses. That superluminal communication is possible is seen from the fact that the own field, generated by particles and inseparable from them, transforms the environment into a special physical medium which is capable to instantaneously transfer a signal (information) about any changes, happening to a particle in the region of its basic localization, to arbitrarily large distances. The phenomenon of superluminal communication is caused by the non-local connection of scalar and vector potentials with the electric and magnetic field strengths. The basis for the mechanism of superluminal communication considered in this work is the Aharonov-Bohm effect indicative of the field of electromagnetic potentials as a real physical field, which directly influences the behaviour of electron waves. The conclusion is made that in quantum systems superluminal signals occur constantly, in any quantum processes. The occurrence of superluminal signals is due to the space-time symmetry breaking of a special kind, consisting in that the equations for potentials do not possess relativistic invariance though Maxwell's equations for the field strengths are Lorentz-invariant. The results presented do not contradict the physical principles underlying special relativity and confirm the fundamental conclusion, made for the first time by de Broglie, that gauge invariance is not an absolute law in physics


Background and Objectives:Clinical differentiation of peritonsillar abscess from peritonsillar cellulitis can be difficult and often relies on diagnostic needle aspiration that is invasive. The differential diagnosis of the two conditions is very important for the planning of treatment. This study is to evaluate the usefulness of gray scale image (GSI and color doppler image (CDI using intraoral ultrasonography in differential diagnosis of the peritonsillar abscess from peritonsillar cellulitis. Materials and Methods:Twenty patients with suspected peritonsillar abscess were included in this study. GSI and CDI of the intraoral ultrasonography with 7-MHz curved linear array transducer were used. Results:The peritonsillar abscess showed inhomog- eneously hypoechoic or cystic space on GSI and rim-shaped color flow signal on CDI. The peritonsillar cellulitis showed ho- mogeneously hypoechoic or striated textual appearance on GSI and diffusely increased color signal on CDI. The sensitivity of GSI for diagnosis of peritonsillar abscess and peritonsillar cellulitis was 91.7% and 77.8%, respectively, whereas the spec- ificiy of CDI proved to be 100% for the diagnosis of both conditions. Conclusion:This study demonstrates that intraoral ultrasonography is a useful and noninvasive technique for diagnosis of peritonsillar abscess. (Korean J Otolaryngol 1998; 41(9 :1180-1184


The objective of this study is to put forward the method of information dimension to study the landslide displacement.This study is based on the time-displacement series of Baishuihe landslide.We can analyze the fractal dimension anomaly of all GPS points from 2006 to 2009 in the warning zone by calculating the information dimension of the yearly monitoring GPS point ZG93.The results show that the size of the information dimension of time-displacement series has some relationships with its frequency-dependent and cataclysm snap.The fractal dimension anomaly map can reflect the relative deformation of the landslide at different parts from space within the scope.


Nowadays, the development of a third-party service (Express industry) and a third-party payment (Alipay) are very fast in online shopping. Despite there are many technologies to detect control flow errors in business process, the soundness verification in data flow is very hard. To support the design of a workflow, we usually consider the correct control flow structure. However, information about data flow should also be ensured correct. The operation of the system may suffer some external attacks, which makes the task change the read and write operations, which result in changing of control flow structure which would lead to the emergence of unusual system. As a result, our approach provides a new technology to analysis the correctness of sound free-choice Petri net with data (SCDN). With the strong concealment of this attack, the system may suffer false-negative data flow errors (FNE), which would bring some loses to the participants. On the basis of behavioral profiles (BP), redundant data flow errors (RDE) and missing data flow errors (MDE), we provide the theory of FNE to demonstrate the stability, effectiveness and adaptation of our detection methods. Finally, a real E-commerce business system is used to illustrate the practicability of the method provided in this paper.


Necropsy findings in three cases of naturally occurring toxoplasmosis in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) obtained as wild catches from the Amazon region were described. Histopathological evaluation of the liver, spleen, kidneys and mesenteric lymph nodes showed multiple foci of inflammation and necrosis. Typical, well-defined morphologic Toxoplasma gondii cysts and free forms of the parasite were found by immunoperoxidase staining within inflammatory infiltrates. The presence of T. gondii in the studied colony could severely influence the results of experiments performed in the animals.


Professor Jan Lochman of the University of Basel here offers an ecumenical dogmatics which follows the Apostles' Creed, with sidelong glances towards the Nicene as appropriate. Firmly rooted in the bible and Christian tradition, the author is well aware of the needs and challenges of the present. The teaching is ecumenical, and so to are the references: to the Fathers, Luther, Calvin, Barth, Ratzinger and Marxist thinkers. But this is by no means an assemblage of quotations. The work is that of an existentially engaged Christian no Olympian &dquo;objectivity&dquo; here and Lochman's Czech inheritance is movingly drawn upon at a number of points. Thus at the outset he recalls the concern of the Czech Reformers that theology be that of a pilgrim people, worked out in the context of the Church, and with a view to accord amongst Christians. Again, when treating of the marks of the true Church he reminds us that to the two classical


The aim of this study is to review various extensions of the nearest neighbor algorithm and discuss their approach along with limitations of the method. In nonparametric classification, no prior information is required for predicting the class label. k-Nearest Neighbor is the simplest and well known algorithm used in data mining The various extensions of k-nearest neighbor algorithm which have been studied are weighted nearest neighbor, feature selection methods, fuzzy nearest neighbor, genetic algorithm based classifiers and nearest neighbor algorithm using ensembling techniques.


Cancer Virus: The Story of Epstein-Barr Virus was written to mark the 50th anniversary of the discovery of the first human tumour virus in 1964. The authors are experts in their field: Dorothy Crawford (Professor of Medical Microbiology), Alan Rickinson (Professor of Cancer Studies) and Ingólfur Johannessen (Consultant Virologist). Their aim was to create on paper a detailed account of the discovery of the Epstein-Barr Virus which would nonetheless be aimed principally at the casual reader. Cancer Virus can be split into three sections. In the first section, the authors take us on a journey of discovery with the main protagonists of this story. We follow the Irish surgeon Denis Burkitt as he identifies an unusual tumour in the jaw of African children and begins to disentangle the epidemiology behind it. Anthony Epstein and Yvonne Barr are then introduced and the chance circumstances by which they are thrown into the discovery tale emphasised. This theme of serendipity continues throughout the book which helps capture the interest of the lay audience, particularly with its narrative style. Frequent and relevant references to detailed maps allow us to follow their journey and the use of portrait pictures invites the reader to form a relationship with these historical figures. This section concludes by drawing together the evidence linking the virus to Burkitt's lymphoma and achieves this without losing the average reader with jargon. However the inclusion of key data in the form of simple graphs and tables would have been welcomed by readers with a scientific background. The second section introduces us to the involvement of this virus in other tumours. The authors now delve into the molecular and cellular biology behind the carcinogenic properties of the virus. Where in section one the authors achieved a light but detailed explanation of the epidemiological aspects, section two has difficulty in maintaining this approach and there is a danger of losing the readers interest at this juncture. The third and final section of the book brings the story together by summarising the key aspects of the discovery. The implications of the understanding of this virus on cancer treatment and future immunisations are also clearly explained. The book is brought to a close with an empathetic explanation from the authors of the challenges and rewards this field of science has provided them. Cancer Virus provides a detailed account of the historical and scientific aspects of the Epstein-Barr virus. The authors' style in combination with the glossary and timeline allow this book to be accessible to a general audience, whilst the included references allow more interested readers to pursue the details should they so desire. In summary, this book proved to be an engrossing text and despite its less than enticing title, manages to achieve that difficult task of marrying the hard science of molecular biology with a voyage of medical discovery of interest to a broad readership.


Treatment with methyl testosterone produces no change in the ovaries of guppies which were hypophysectomized before gonad differentiation but does induce a marked development of the oviducts with the appearance of typical male secondary sex characters. Sex ratios remained unchanged in hypophysectomized juveniles treated with methyl testosterone.


Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of butylphthalide in the treatment of vascular cognitive impairment.Methods A total of 62 patients with vascular cognitive impairment were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group(32 patients in the treatment group and 30 the other in the control group).The treatment group used both the conventional medical treatment and therapy butylphthalide,while the control group only used the conventional treatment for 8 weeks.After the 4 week and 8 week treatment,we evaluated the clinical efficacy of the 2 groups.Results After the treatment,scores of MMSE(P0.01) and MoCA(P0.05) in the treatment group increased significantly.Conclusion Butylphthalide can improve the cognitive function in patients with mild-moderate vascular cognitive impairment.


Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea (FHA) is a secondary process to an adaptive response in women with inadequate diets and modified body composition. This process triggers hormonal reactions in the hypothalamus for preservation of metabolic homeostasis. It involves a "central circuit" made up of a network of hypothalamic hormones interrelated with a "peripheral circuit" made up of leptin and adiponectin, among other adipocytokines, and ghrelin, synthesized in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Fat mass reduction in these undernourished women and the resulting decrease in leptin leads to neuropeptide Y (NPY) synthesis in the hypothalamus. This peptide, through direct or indirect action mediated by CRH stimulation, and the activation of the opioid and dopaminergic system block the receptors of the GnRH-synthesizing neurons in the arcuate nucleus to inhibit, and thus disturb, the gonadotropin pulsatile activity. The increase in ghrelin also blocks this activity through a complex mechanism: NPY synthesis is stimulated and NPY, in turn, inhibits GABA interneurons, thus altering the suppressant action normally exerted by this neurotransmitter on the CRH. The increase in serotonin levels activates the limbic-hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal system, probably indirectly, mediated by desensitization of glucocorticoid receptors of CRH immunoreactive neurons, thus inducing secretion. CRH concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid, as well as 24-h mean plasma cortisol concentrations are high, and their half-life is prolonged. Additionally, there is a decrease in CBG associated with elevated free urinary cortisol levels. Basal serum cortisol levels are not suppressed by the administration of dexamethasone and the ACTH response to CRH stimulation is blunted. These findings suggest an alteration of cortisol negative feedback effects on CRH-ACTH secretion. The mechanisms of this resistance to cortisol are not fully elucidated. Animal studies suggest that prolonged stress modifies the density and ratio of glucoand mineralocorticoid receptors and post-receptor activity. By extrapolation, it could be inferred that this resistance to cortisol in patients with amenorrhea is a mechanism that tends to perpetuate adrenal axis hyperactivity. In addition, the activation of the sympathetic system with the increase in norepinephrine and epinephrine and its association with other factors produces an increase in glucose release and in the availability of NEFA, free fatty acids and amino acids, enhanced cardiac activity, alertness and anxiety. These features can be observed in these patients with FHA, who frequently present a major psychosomatic component in their etiopathogenesis. Conclusions: activation of the NPY-CRH-opioid, serotoninergic, GABAergic, dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems not only affects gonadal function, but may also be involved in the development of osteoporosis and risk of fractures, immune system depression, increased cardiovascular risk and sudden death, a potential outcome in these undernourished patients with FHA. Rev Argent Endocrinol Metab 48: 97-106, 2011 No financial conflicts of interest exist.


The sensible heat over the Tibetan Plateau influences the atmospheric circulation of East Asia and North America, and also the monsoon precipitation on the Plateau. Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis of the patterns of the monsoon precipitation at 17 meteorological stations in central and eastern Tibet shows that the sensible heat during May over the central Tibetan Plateau relates closely to the first eigenvector weight time series (EOF1) of the monsoon precipitation for the eastern part of the Plateau from June to September. At the Amdo site the correlation coefficient exceeds 0.7, and the correlation between the EOF1 and the average of sensible heat at five sites (Amdo, Bange, Wudaoliang, Tuotuohe and Gaize) over the central Tibetan Plateau can exceed 0.80. This relationship suggests a mechanism of increased sensible heat flux in central Tibetan Plateau during May causing stronger cyclonic flow and low vortices in this area, resulting in more precipitation during the monsoon season on the eastern Plateau. From May to August, 1979, for example, this sensible heat effect can account for more than half of the precipitation. Based on this relationship, the sensible heat of central Tibet can be used as a 'predictor' of monsoon precipitation in central and eastern Tibet. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society


IntroductionChild maltreatment is a state of emotional, physical, economic and sexual about meted out to a person below the age of eighteen and is a globally prevalent phenomenon. However, in India, as in many other countries, there has been no understanding of the extent, magnitude and trends of the problem (1). Children are not recognised as subjects of human rights and adults play arbitrary limits on children's fundamental freedom. Teachers and parents have broad discretionary powers and can restrict children freedom with little accountability. Most of the restrictions that children face on a daily basis are not entrenched in law but are part of school or family rules (2). Discipline is something adults do with and for children, rather than to children to stop them from behaving in undesirable ways (3). Child abuse is more than bruises and broken bones. While physical abuse might be the most visible sign, other types of abuse, such as emotional abuse or child neglect, also leave deep, long lasting scars (4). The impact that child maltreatment leaves has long lasting effects throughout life, damaging a child's sense of self, ability to have healthy relationships, and ability to function at home, at work and at school. There is dearth of research done on the broad array of disciplining techniques adopted in schools of India. This study aims to analyze the awareness of high school children about their own rights that Indian Judiciary dictates for them which will help them protect themselves from being abused. The study also attempts to estimate the prevalence of maltreatment.MethodsThe study was carried out as a cross sectional survey 2 high schools in Calicut district of Kerala. The participants were recruited to in the study via a stratified random sampling technique with age as factor for stratification. A sample of 300 children was selected. A self- report questionnaire developed and piloted in collaboration with the adolescents, elicited information on socioeconomic status, demographic profile, knowledge regarding child rights and adolescent maltreatment and their experience of maltreatment at home and school. The participants were 150 (50%) rural and remaining urban, 153 (51%) were boys and 147 (49%) girls with median age 14 and range 3. After obtaining institutional ethical clearance, data was collected by the investigators. Statistical analysis was carried out by using SPSS version 17.ResultsReliability test of the tool suggests that the items in the questionnaire are relevant and ensures the randomness of the data. (Chronback Alpha = 0.94). 50% of the children are from rural area and remaining urban. 83.3% [250] of the children have both their parents together while 14% [42] of their parents are abroad and stay with caretakers and 2.3% [8] have single parents. 75.7% [227] of the children come from nuclear family, 15% [45] of them from three generation families and remaining from joint families. 42% [126] of the families have monthly income less than 5000, 22% [66] have monthly income between 5000 - and 10,000 and the rest 36% earn more than 10000 as monthly income. Based on the response to the set of 15 questions on awareness of child rights, children were classified to have poor awareness about child rights if less than 6 answers were right, moderate awareness if 6 -10 answers were right and the rest to have good awareness. The information was elicited in table 1.Percentage of adolescents who have awareness about child rights and various types of maltreatment, by gender (n = 300)The analysis reveals that 161 (53.67%) of them had poor knowledge about their rights. Boys lack awareness (31.67%) than girls (21%). When urban and rural children were compared, it was found that among the urban children 19.67% (59) had good awareness about child rights while 23% [69] had poor knowledge (see table 2). 30.67% (92) of rural children had poor awareness whereas about 5. …


ABSTRACT Bitumes obtained from Mina do Leao (ML) and Candiota(MCd) coals are fractionated by liquid chromatography and the aromatic fractions analysed by CGC and CGC/MS. Alkyl naphthalenes and alkyl phenanthrenes indices are calculated and tentatively associated with geochemical properties (reflectance indices). High relative concentrations of unsubstituted PAH's in both extracts, including phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene, suggests that both coals were submitted to high temperatures and pressures during the coalification process. Several cancer suspectted agents including benzo(a)pyrene, chrysene, pyrene and fluoranthene were positively identified in the studied bitumens.


Taking Shangluo as an example,automobile market and maintenance level in small town were investigated,and the relationship between automobile maintenance and marketing was studied.The results indicated that maintenance level was the key factor in the after service of automobile,which plays an important role in sales promotion.Several ways of enhancing maintenance level are proposed and the market would be expanded by meeting the consumers' after service demands.


Radioactive sources are used for a variety of purposes, e.g. in medical treatment and diagnosis, research applications, measurement, testing, detection and calibration in industry, educational activities in colleges and universities etc. As part of its mission, ONDRAF/NIRAS, the Belgian Radioactive Waste Management Agency, draws up an inventory of all radioactive substances and nuclear installations on the Belgian territory. In recent years this inventory has been used to launch specific campaigns for the collection of different types of radioactive sources. In addition to this, the Royal Decree of 23 May 2006 concerning the transposition into Belgian law of the Spent High Activity Sealed Sources and the Management of Orphan Sources Directive of the EU (2003/122/EURATOM) has led to an increase in the number of requests addressed to ONDRAF/NIRAS for the collection of these types of radioactive waste and to an intensified collaboration between ONDRAF/NIRAS and the Belgian Safety Authority FANC/AFCN towards an effective management of orphan sources. Specific properties of these spent sources such as their activity, external dose rate, weight, size and/or their invalid special form certificate may complicate the transport and final treatment and conditioning of this type of waste and that is why these operations require careful attention. An overview of the radioactive sources already collected as radioactive waste or still present in the nuclear installations, different cases and problems encountered are presented in this paper, as well as the waste management options adopted by ONDRAF/NIRAS to deal with this type of waste.Copyright © 2009 by ASME


Hiroya Takamura , and Manabu Okumura † , †††† We focus on nonstandard usages of common words on social media, where words, sometimes, are used in a totally different manner from that of their original or standard usage. In this work, we attempt to distinguish nonstandard usages on social media from standard ones in an unsupervised manner. We also constructed new Twitter dataset consisting of 40 words with nonstandard usages and then used the dataset for evaluation in an experiment. For this task, our basic idea is that nonstandard usage can be measured by the inconsistency between the target word's expected meaning and the given context. For this purpose, we use context embeddings derived from word embeddings. Our experimental results show that the model leveraging the context embedding outperforms other methods and also provide us with findings, for example, on how to construct context embeddings, and which corpus to use.


ABSTRACT:  The use of English as an international language (EIL) and its implications for teaching have attracted much scholarly attention. However, much of the discussion has remained at an abstract level and not provided pedagogical ideas that are theoretically sound, informed by research, and at the same time specific enough to be useful in the classroom. This poses a great challenge for teachers: while they receive a strong message that their current practice may be inadequate in preparing learners for using English in international encounters, they are not presented with suggestions of where to start implementing changes. The goal of this paper is to build upon the existing literature on teaching English for international communication with greater emphasis on pedagogical decisions and practices in the classroom. Using the conceptualization of EIL as a function of English as an international common language rather than a linguistic variety used uniformly in all international contexts, we explore key questions in TEIL and suggest specific ways to introduce an EIL perspective to existing English language classrooms.


On April 12, 2005, the Bundesverfassunsgreicht (German Federal Constitutional Court) ruled that regulations in the Strafprozessordnung (StPO – Code of Criminal Procedure) concerning police use of global positioning systems (GPS) did not violate the Grundgesetz (GG – German Constitution or Basic Law) so long as the investigators did not use the technology in conjunction with other surveillance methods that could lead to the construction of a personality profile of the suspect observed. The following comment examines the facts of the case and evaluates the Court's decision in detail.


Abstract Two-dimensional {110} superlattices have been observed in Bi2(Sr, Ca)3Cu2O8+y by transmission electron microscopy from (001) and (110) planes but not from the (100) plane. Lattice images in the (110) plane show stacking faults intersecting the superlattice. It is possible that the existence of superlattices and stacking faults is important in the formation of Cooper pairs for superconductivity, and that ordered multiphase layered assemblages can be used to produce material of higher T c. Comparisons of ionic radii in a similar material, Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8+y, suggest that the superlattice results from periodic lattice strain modulation.


A Absolute error criterion measurement stability AC conductivity converter machines losses wires machines tacho generators Accelerometers Access times Accuracy Active brake control compensation control elements filters narrow band suspension noise control vehicle suspension Actuating signals Actuators Ada tasking programs Adaptation Adaptive algorithms arrays control correlation digital filters equalization equalizers filters systems A/D converters Add-subtract time Adders Address registers spaces Addressable location addressing Addresses Adjacency Adjustment Admittance Aerospace computer control control engineering trajectories Affine Agents Agile control manufacturing Agriculture Air pollution traffic control Aircraft control operations Alarm systems Algebraic approaches Riccati equations selection systems theory Algorithmic languages Algorithms All pass elements filters Alternating magnetic fields Ambient noise Amplidyne Amplification Amplifiers Amplifier systems Amplifying elements Amplitude distortion locus modulation response Analog computer control computers control multipliers signals/digital converters Analysis of variance Analytic approximations AND elements operations Angular acceleration deviation frequency momentum position velocity Antennas Antilock braking systems Antiskid control devices Anti-spin regulation Anti-wheelspin control Applied neural control Approximate analysis Arc resistance Architectures Arithmetic algorithms and logic units Arm movements singularities ARMA models parameter estimation Armatures Array filters processors Artificial intelligence Assemblers Assembly language robots Astatic control Asymptotic analysis approximation properties stability Asynchronous sequential logic Attenuation correction observations Attenuators Attitude algorithms control gyros Attractors Authentication Auto correlation functions Automata theory Automated guided vehicles Automatic control (closed-loop) engineering (open-loop) systems controllers frequency control gain control operation people models process control (closed-loop) (open-loop) recognition regulators restart sequence control testing Automation Automobile industry Automobiles Automorphism Automotive control emissions Autonomous control mobile robots vehicles Autoregressive models Autotransductors Autotuners Availability Available time Average values Averaging control B Backlash Backpropagation algorithms Backtracking Backup controllers systems Bad data identification Bandpass filters Bandwidth allocation voice networks coaxial probes electrical pulses measurements minimization problems Bang-bang control Bank switching Banyan networks Batch control modes Baud rates Bearings only tracking Behaviour Behavioural science Benchmark examples Bessel functions Bias winding Bilinear control systems transformations Binary arrays coded decimal codes control decision systems elements images logic systems search trees signals storage elements tree architectures trees Binding Bio control Biocybernetics Biomedical control systems Bionics Biotechnology Bispectrum estimation Bistability devices Bistable multivibrators Bistable trigger elements Blackboard architectures Block diagrams Blow moulding Bode diagrams Boilers Bolometers Bond graphs Boolean algebra functions logic operations Boundary conditions detection element method integral formulation value problem Bounded disturbances noise Bounding method Brain models Brakes Branches Breadth-first searches Breakpoints Bridges Brownian motion Brushless motors Bubbles Buffer amplifiers storage Bugs Business process engineering Bus multiprocess …


The northwestern San Joaquin Basin remained near sea level throughout the late Neogene despite lying on a tectonically active basin margin. What may be inferred is that from latest Miocene through Late Pliocene deposition kept pace with basin subsidence. The late Neogene San Joaquin Basin was 175 km long, 100 km wide, and bounded by mountains to the east, south, and west. It connected to the Pacific Ocean at the northwest through a narrow and shallow strait ~13 km wide and 200 m in the latest Miocene, becoming progressively shallower to ~125 m by middle Pliocene, then (by middle Late Pliocene) to ~25 m, where it remained until the Pacific Ocean connection was tectonically closed at 2.2 Ma. I constructed a relative sea level curve for the late Neogene northwest San Joaquin Basin by assigning appropriate water depths to the succession of latest Miocene through latest Pliocene molluscan communities based on their similarity to published modern communities in San Francisco Bay, then smoothed it to remove most tectonic "noise." When compared to the 3rd order Gulf of Mexico eustatic curve, this relative sealevel curve shows very close correlation. Using the relative sea level curve to refine stratigraphic timing, I developed a time-thickness diagram indicative of relative basin-margin subsidence. Latest Miocene basin-margin subsidence averaged ~25 cm/kyr, then accelerated to a peak of 140 cm/kyr in the middle Early Pliocene coincident with Coast Range uplift. By Late Pliocene subsidence slowed to 11 cm/kyr, then again peaked in latest Pliocene at 86 cm/kyr immediately preceding closure of the connection to the Pacific Ocean. Late Neogene Paleogeography and Paleobathymetry of the San Joaquin Basin


Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are relatively rare disorders, representing around 10% of all lymphomas worldwide; however, they are relatively common in specific geographic areas, including Asia, the Caribbean basin, and scattered areas in Europe where HTVL1 is endemic. In the latest edition of the World Health Organisation (WHO) Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues, edited in 2017, nodal, extra nodal and leukaemia forms are listed. Specifically, as many as 31 entities are listed among PTCLs [1]. Compared with the previous edition, in the current classification, a few but quite relevant novelties have been introduced. Generally speaking, as already observed for B-cell derived malignancies, recent discoveries from molecular genetic studies led to a better definition of certain entities and clearly defined a pivotal role for cellular derivation in tumour classification. In the following, the main updates concerning non-cutaneous PTCLs will be briefly discussed.


The present paper is an example showing that the knowledge of Brazilian molluscan biodiversity remains relatively poor (Simone, 2009, 2011). It describes a new genus and species recently collected in shallow waters in an area that is relatively well-populated, but apparently still poorly studied malacologically. The new taxon belongs to the family Tornidae (1⁄4Vitrinellidae) (Caenogastropoda: Rissooidea) (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005), which comprises minute discoid-shelled gastropods, living in warm, shallow, marine waters all over the world (see Rubio, Fernandez-Garces & Rolan, 2011, for a complete introduction to the family). Their shells are relatively simple, but possess informative characters for classification. Nevertheless, possibly because of their small size, tornids have received little attention and new taxa are routine. The taxon described here is characterized by an unusually high degree of compression, making it very distinct from other taxa and, as discussed below, it is possibly the flattest coiled benthonic snail known. The unique specimen was collected empty and has been conserved dry. It was found while sorting sediment dredged in shallow waters. After examination and digital photography, the specimen was coated with gold for scanning electronic microscope examination, in the Laboratory of Electronic Microscopy of Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo (MZSP).


Invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast (ILC) is strongly estrogen-driven, and represents a unique context for estrogen receptor (ER) signaling. In ILC, ER controls the expression of the Wnt ligand WNT4, which is critical for endocrine response and anti-estrogen resistance, yet signaling mediated by WNT4 is poorly understood. We utilized reverse phase protein array (RPPA) to characterize ER and WNT4-driven signaling in ILC cells, and identified WNT4 as a mediator of downstream mTOR signaling via p70-S6K. Independent of mTOR/p70-S6K, ER and WNT4 control levels of MCL-1, which is associated with mitochondrial function. In this context, knockdown of WNT4 caused accumulation of reactive oxygen species and decreased ATP production that precede cell death. WNT4 regulation of both mTOR signaling and MCL-1 levels was also observed in anti-estrogen resistant models of ILC. Further, we identified that high WNT4 expression is associated with similar mTOR pathway activation in serous ovarian cancer tumors, suggesting that this WNT4 pathway is important in multiple tumor types. The identified downstream pathways represent potential targets to inhibit WNT4 signaling in ovarian cancer and overcome anti-estrogen resistance for patients with ILC.


The digital revolution. A digital history. The network age. The digital paradigm. One world, one digit. Political reactions: a new old history. Deep roots & notes. The economic issue. Right winds. The Italian lab.


Majority of the people in Pemberwarno village livelihood as farmers, both as corn, cassava, and rice farmers. Unstable harvest prices tend to make people disappointed because it is not uncommon to meet prices that do not match expectations. Therefore, the public must be smart in anticipating unsatisfactory crops one of them by treating crop waste to be utilized to be additional income. Corn waste, for example, can be used as a medium for making mushroom janggel. Corn is usually sold after going through the milling process until the seeds of corn are separated from the cobs. After that corncobs or commonly called janggel used as fuel for cooking traditionally and just thrown away without any use. Therefore, the purpose of this dedication is to provide training to the public in order to obtain value-added income through the utilization of corncob as a medium for making mushroom janggel. The results obtained indicate a considerable increase of sales of mushrooms jejel with perkilogram prices reached 35 thousand to 40 thousand dollars. For marketing is still limited to traditional markets.


Grollt, hitting .326, second IIlgh n the National League WllS 'hit a pitched bail in t he lirst ing. It was a slider thrown by n Lew Ilurdelte. ,played until the third when the pain became too Schofield replaced Illm, in a sPDrkling fielding per· Irm' m llnN> and got three singles in many limes at bal. That boost· his batting average 63 points {rom .206 to .263. Groat didn't go to a hospital '1 after the game .and it wasn't Wednesday that many of his ~ea,mrna tes learned his wrist had The Pirate team said Oatly Groat will be the rest oC the season but be ready by Ocl. 5 the World Series opens.


In Wayak we specialize on offering the best options in transportation and tours in Mexico. Travel in the most comfortable fashion with safety.


We present a comprehensive study of the structural and electronic properties of ultrathin films containing graphene layers synthesized by chemical vapor deposition based surface segregation on polycrystalline Ni foils then transferred onto insulating SiO2/Si substrates. Films of size up to several mm's have been synthesized. Structural characterizations by atomic force microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM), and Raman spectroscopy confirm that such large-scale graphitic thin films (GTF) contain both thick graphite regions and thin regions of few-layer graphene. The films also contain many wrinkles, with sharply-bent tips and dislocations revealed by XTEM, yielding insights on the growth and buckling processes of the GTF. Measurements on mm-scale back-gated transistor devices fabricated from the transferred GTF show ambipolar field effect with resistance modulation ∼50% and carrier mobilities reaching ∼2000 cm2/V s. We also demonstrate quantum tra...


Ultrafast Electron Microscopy (UEM) has emerged as a novel characterization technique to study the time-resolved dynamics of nanoscale phenomena The temporal resolution obtained in this technique, ~600 fs, enables the real-space imaging of phenomena such as coherent acoustic phonons and plasmons A typical image dataset generated during a UEM experiment includes a series of time-indexed images, along with metadata regarding the pixel resolution and the time of impact of the stimulating beam. This series of images together describe the dynamic behavior of the nanoscale feature(s) relevant to the study. During post-processing, one of the predominant motivations for analysis pertains to the quantification of this dynamic behavior. In previous studies, such analyses have been conducted using manual methods, such as the space-time contour plots in The emergence of machine learning (ML) techniques as a supplementary toolbox presents an opportunity to automate the post-processing of UEM images, reduce human-induced bias in the processing steps, and decrease the turnaround time for analysis.


The nature and role of glycosylation in AT1 angiotensin receptor (AT1-R) function were investigated by expressing glycosylation-deficient influenza hemagglutinin (HA) epitope-tagged rat AT1a-Rs (HA-AT1a-Rs) in COS-7 cells. All three asparagine residues (Asn4, Asn176, Asn188) contained within consensus sites for N-linked glycosylation could be glycosylated in Cos-7 cells and appeared to be glycosylated on the endogenous AT1-R in bovine adrenal glomerulosa cells. Heterogeneity of glycosylation at each site accounted for the broad migration pattern of the AT1-R in SDS-PAGE. Mutation at each glycosylation site, either alone or in combination, had little effect on ligand binding parameters (although the N4K mutant had higher affinity) or signaling activity. However, an increasing number of mutated glycosylation sites was associated with decreasing cell surface receptor expression, which was minimal for the unglycosylated N4K/N176Q/N188Q receptor. Decreased surface expression of mutant HA-AT1a-Rs was correlated...


Human apolipoprotein E (apoE) is a two‐domain anti‐atherogenic lipid transport protein that mediates plasma cholesterol homeostasis by serving as a ligand for the low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor. Of its three isoforms E3, E2, E4, the latter two have been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular and Alzheimer's disease respectively, yet all three contain an identical C‐terminal (CT) domain. The CT domain (residues 201–299) is responsible for tetramerization and has been found to initiate lipid binding that influences critical functional features of apoE. The N‐terminal (NT) domain of apoE has four α‐helices arranged in a bundle similar to apolipophorin III (apoLp‐III), a model insect apolipoprotein containing five α‐helices in one domain. To better understand the role apolipoprotein domains play in structure and function, a novel chimeric apolipoprotein was designed by attaching apoE‐CT to apoLp‐III. A disulfide bond was introduced to apoLp‐III to lock the helix bundle and eliminate its lipid binding. Recombinant apoLp‐III/apoE‐CT, apoE3, apoE‐CT, and apoLp‐III were expressed in bacterial cells, purified by affinity chromatography, and the purity verified by SDS‐PAGE. Western blot analysis using monoclonal apoE‐CT specific antibody confirmed the presence of apoE‐CT in the chimera. Crosslinking studies using dimethylsuberimidate revealed that the apoLp‐III/apoE‐CT chimera formed oligomers similar to apoE, while apoLp‐III was monomeric. Far UV circular dichroism showed increased α‐helical content, and incubation with 1‐anilinonaphthalene‐8‐sulfonic acid showed increased fluorescence intensity when apoE‐CT was added to apoLp‐III, consistent with the presence of water‐shielded dye binding exposed hydrophobic regions. Our results suggest that the chimeric protein has structural similarities to the parent proteins, and that self‐association properties of apoE can be transferred to apoLp‐III through the addition of the CT domain. Future studies will include measuring the ability of the chimera to solubilize phospholipid bilayers and binding to low density lipoproteins. The chimeric approach offers the potential to obtain insight into domain interactions and the structure‐function relationships in apolipoproteins.


PURPOSE: An automotive lamp device is provided to stably operate by using a lamp driver module in which lamps with different specifications can be inserted. CONSTITUTION: In an automotive lamp device, a first lamp(100) is inserted into a lamp housing which includes a plurality of wirings. A voltage division circuit forms a setting connector and a setting unit. A lamp driver part(130) is connected to first and second wirings(111,115). When the lamp driver is inserted into the first lamp, the voltage and current of the first level is supplied to the first lamp.


During the last years, intensive research is undertaken to develop electronic textiles (so-called e-textiles). There is a clear trend from fabrics or garments hosting electronic components embedded in the textile substrate to e-textiles made from yarns or fibres already possessing electronic properties. The development of passive devices, such as textile electrodes that measure body parameters is already well proceeded. However, there is a great need in developing textiles possessing active functions.
We investigated the possibility to develop a textile monofilament with integrated switching and amplification functions, by depositing an organic thin film transistor (OTFT) on the monofilament with a cylindrical form.
In this presentation preliminary results are shown related to this development. A discussion is given on the methods used to deposit and characterise an OTFT.
In a first step, a conductor layer (copper) has been chemically plated on a cylindrical polyester monofilament. Subsequently, an insulating layer has been deposited on the monofilament by a dip coating method using polymers with low conductivity like polyimides and polyethylenes.
In the same way, the filament was coated with a third layer made up by a semiconductor (polythiophenes or TIPS pentacene). Being of organic origin, the semiconductor constituent offers electronic properties of a semiconductor and physical properties of organic molecules which are very flexible and physically compatible with a textile structure.


Abstract Residual sea currents of the northern Adriatic were analysed in the sense of the general (global) circulation, over a period of 42 months (in one main and two control stations). At the end of the summer season and the beginning of autumn (in the so-called ' inversion period ') residual surface (6 m) sea currents at the main station showed characteristic seasonal behaviour: a change of direction from the north (NW, N, NE) to the south-east (SE). The sequence with SE directions lasted about 1·5 months. After that, directions changed again to the NW (or N). The direction of bottom residual currents (37 m) in this inversion period had the same pattern as the surface ones. This behaviour of the currents can be associated with the change of the cyclonic gyre into the anticyclonic. In all other periods at the main station the surface residual sea currents have predominant north directions. Bottom residual currents mainly followed the pattern of surface currents for all stations and periods, except during the periods from January to June 1990 and 1992, when they were of opposite direction at station B.


On the basis of the features of the small-size town's construction,the remote sensing techniques and the practical situation concerning the applications of remote sensing techaiques in China,the paper approaches to the application process and methods of the remote sensing technique in environmental monitoring in the small-size town's construction,at the same time looks forward to its application perspective.


In order to improve the mechanical properties and quality of ductile cast iron key component,porous plug pneumatic desulfurization technology was applied to the test which correlate with the hot metal temperature,the desulfurization agent dosage,blowing time,flow,pressure and the nodularizer etc.According to the related data from the test result,choose the corresponding desulphurization method applied to the production,the tensile strength of castings of cylinders,cylinder cover crankshaft etc,which were treat with low sulfur molten iron,was above 650 MPa,and the average was 681 MPa,about 10% highter than the block without desulphate(the average was 620 MPa).The percentage of elongtation was above 2.5%,and the average was 3.2%,about 38% highter than the block without desulphate(the average was 2.3%).The result was applied successfully to the production of large iron key component,the mechanical property was improved,and the defective index was reduced significantly.


Unraveling the conditions that permit access to H-mode continues to be an unresolved physics issue for tokamaks, and accurate extrapolations are important for planning ITER operations and DEMO design constraints. Experiments have been performed in JET, with the ITER-like W/Be wall, to increase the confidence of predictions for the L-H transition power threshold in ITER. These studies have broadly confirmed established dependencies of PL−H , reduced uncertainties in extrapolations, and highlighted the largest remaining sources of uncertainty. We have also obtained unexpected results with direct relevance for lowering PL−H during the non-active phase of ITER operation. A database has been ∗X. Litaudon et al. Nucl. Fusion 57, 102001 (2017) J.C. HILLESHEIM et al. 2 compiled of JET-ILW PL−H measurements. Regression analysis of the database shows in comparison to past scaling studies and to JET-C results, PL−H is lower for matched density and magnetic field; however, the exponents for density and magnetic field are larger, resulting in possibly reduced threshold at low magnetic field operation in ITER, but increased values at full field operation. The single largest uncertainty in extrapolating to ITER is the effect of the divertor configuration, a factor of two difference in JET alone. The dependence of PL−H was also studied in mixed species plasmas. It was found that most of the variation in H-D mixtures was at less than 20% or more than 80% H concentration, with little variation in between. Helium-4 fuelling into H plasmas was also performed, resulting in a ∼ 25% reduction of the threshold with up to about 10% He concentration. This reduction in L-H threshold in H-He mixtures may have application for the non-active phase of ITER operations.


Extensive X-band ESR measurements have been made on the 3d transition metal intercalation compound M x TiS 2 (M=V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni; 0≤ x ≤1) over the temperature range 300–77 K. The variations of the intra- and interlayer spacings with intercalation of guest atoms are presented. Fe and Ni intercalates do not show any ESR signals. Magnetic interactions are ineffective in V x TiS 2 , while in Cr x TiS 2 and Mn x TiS 2 dipolar interactions are dominant and these paramagnetic atoms undergo a thermally activated motion in the interlayers. Co x TiS 2 becomes ferromagnetic below T c (<140 K) and their temperature dependence of linewidth is very similar to those in itinerant ferromagnets like CoS 2 , suggesting the formation of a low spin state near the host Ti d-band. The anisotropies in the g -value and linewidth are notable in these layered intercalates.


the Slavic literatures accessible in Italian. This volume contains a thirty-page introduction on Russian Utopias up to and including V. F. Odoevskii, translations of A. D. Ulybyshev's "Un reve" (1819) and of three pieces each by F. V. Bulgarin and Odoevskii. A biographic and bibliographic note accompanies each author, and the texts are provided with ample footnotes explaining the historical, literary, and biographic context whenever this is necessary. The translations are generally reliable, and the notes show the editor well in control of her material. The bibliographies are up-to-date and well selected. In her introduction, Varese establishes several traits which all three authors have in common, in spite of their divergent—in the case of Bulgarin and Odoevskii, their clashing—ideologies. Thus, the details of their Utopias are readily recognized as projections of their political attitudes; all three make some remarkably astute predictions about the future; and they all see Russia as the great global power of the future. Altogether, this valuable booklet is marred only by entirely too many misprints, both in the Italian and in the Russian parts of the text.


Abstract A series of 5′-0-sulfamoylated carbocyclic 2′,3′-dideoxy nucleosides was synthesized and evaluated for antitumor and anti-HIV activities. In this study, we have combined the phosphate mimicking features of the sulfamoyl group with our previously reported antiviral carbocyclic nucleoside, carbovir. In a related strategy, the sufamoyl moiety was used as a replacement for the α-phosphate of AZT-triphosphate in an analog designed to examine a membrane permeable HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Some of the analogs exhibited significant in vitro anticancer activity.


Nature created plant in the world of every cilment and there is cure every disease and man has to find it .The bioactive compound of Argemone mexicane seeds has been evaluated using GC-MS. The chemical composition of the extract of Argemone mexicane seed were investigated using Gas Chromatography –Mass spec- trometry .The analysis was carried out with the methanol extracted of the dried plant seeds. This study result conclud-ed that the A. Mexicana have a more phytoconstituents.