ARTstor (http://www.artstor.org) now offers nearly one million images to users at more than 1,000 educational institutions worldwide. Current efforts are focused on strengthening non-Western and modern and contemporary offerings, while also looking to deepen and diversify collections in all subject areas. New ARTstor collections include 70,000 images of Indian architecture, monuments, and field photography from the American Institute of Indian Studies (Chicago, Illinois); hundreds of QuickTime Virtual Reality (QTVR) panoramas of Mali, West Africa, created by Columbia University's Visual Media Center (New York City); approximately 18,000 images of medieval stained-glass windows in Great Britain from the Corpus Vitrearum Medii Aevi (CVMA) and the National Monuments Record (NMR); 5,000 images of performance events from the Franklin Furnace Archives (Brooklyn, New York); 800 images from the Shangri La Collection (Doris Duke Foundation for Islamic Art, Honolulu, Hawai'i); 14,000 images of South Asia and Cuba from Alka Patel at the University of California, Irvine; 500 new images of contemporary architecture in Spain photographed by ART on FILE (Seattle, Washington); and 10,000 images of Renaissance and Baroque book illustrations from the Warburg Institute of the University of London. ARTstor releases thousands of new images on a regular basis from a broad range of collections, with recent additions including European art from Scala Archives; illuminated manuscripts and early books from the Bodleian Library at the University of Oxford; modern art from the Phillips Collection (Washington, DC); new photography of California missions and Prehistoric and Native American sites in the American Southwest from Canyonlights Photography/Susan S. Peirce; historic campus architecture from the Council of Independent Colleges (CIC HCAP in Washington, DC); contemporary art installations shot by Larry Qualls; QTVR views of Venice; and classical sculpture from the State Museums of Berlin. In addition, there are now more than 3,500 images from the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City available through ARTstor's free scholarly publishing service, Images for Academic Publishing (IAP) (Figure 1). In the autumn of 2008, a new collection of 3,900 images from Bryn Mawr (Pennsylvania) College's Mellink archive of Ancient Near Eastern art and archaeology will be available through IAP. ARTstor is working in partnership with organizations and individuals in the art, architecture, and cultural heritage communities to develop a range of resources for


Objectives To analyze the major clinical manifestation and its variance after thrombolysis or anti-coagulant therapy in patients with pulmonary thromboembolism.Methods Data assessment and statistical analysis was performed on the clinical manifestation in 116 patients with physician-diagnosed pulmonary thromboembolism during 2001 and 2006.Results Different risk factors, for instance, thrombotic phlebitis, chronic cor pulmonale, surgery, trauma and tumor existed in the 116 patients.The clinical manifestation appeared to be atypical, with post-exercising tachypnea, cough, chest pain and apnea at rest dominated.Conclusion It is imperative to understand all the risk factors of pulmonary thromboembolism, carry out a proper early evaluation on the symptoms and signs, cooperate with the treatment well, prevent the clinical complications, perform overall nursing and offer guidances on the discharge from the hospital, which is critical for improving the quality of nursing.


Particle-in-cell simulation of lower hybrid (LH) waves in core plasmas is presented with a realistic electron-to-ion mass ratio in toroidal geometry. Due to the fact that LH waves mainly interact with electrons to drive the current, ion dynamic is described by cold fluid equations for simplicity, while electron dynamic is described by drift kinetic equations. This model could be considered as a new method to study LH waves in tokamak plasmas, which has advantages in nonlinear simulations. The mode conversion between slow and fast waves is observed in the simulation when the accessibility condition is not satisfied, which is consistent with the theory. The poloidal spectrum upshift and broadening effects are observed during LH wave propagation in the toroidal geometry.


Dendritic cells (DCs) are a type of antigen-presenting cell which play an essential role in the immune system. The transition from immature DC (iDCs) to mature DCs (mDCs) requires maturation stimuli, such as pro-inflammatory cytokines or pathogen-derived components. Proteoglycans (PGs) are one of main components of the extracellular matrix and are composed of core proteins and glycosaminoglycans that bind to the core proteins. PGs are also constituent elements of bacteria and the role of PGs in the stimulation of DCs has not been elucidated. This study investigated the effects of PGs extracted from the nasal cartilage of a salmon head (S-PG) and the nasal septum cartilage of a whale (W-PG) on the maturation of DCs derived from human peripheral blood monocytes. This study was approved by the Committee of Medical Ethics of Hirosaki University School of Medicine. The human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were separated from the buffy coat. Furthermore, the monocytes were separated from the PBMCs by allowing them to adhere to a plastic dish. To prepare iDCs, the monocytes were cultured in the presence of 50 ng/ml rhGM-CSF and rhIL-4 for 5 days. The iDCs were stimulated by S-PG or W-PG for 4 days to investigate whether the PGs alone were able to induce the maturation of DCs. In addition, other iDCs were stimulated by a cytokine mixture (rhTNF-α, rhIL-1β, rhIL- 6 and PGE 2 : MIX) or a combination of MIX+S-PG or W-PG for 48 hours. The surface phenotype of the DCs was analyzed by flow cytometry and the matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity in the culture supernatants was assayed by zymography. Furthermore, the functions of DCs stimulated by a combination of MIX+S-PG or MIX+W-PG were examined. When the iDCs were stimulated by either S-PG or W-PG alone, the PGs-stimulated DCs did not express the DC-maturation marker CD83, thus indicating that S-PG and W-PG alone could not induce the maturation of DCs. However, the CCR5 expression on DCs stimulated by W-PG was down-regulated. When DCs were stimulated by MIX + 100 μg/ml W-PG, an up-regulation of CCR7 expression was observed. In association with the up-regulation of CCR7 expression, the stimulation by MIX+W-PG actually enhanced the chemotactic responsiveness of DCs to CCR7 ligand MIP-3β. These effects were not observed in the combination of MIX+S-PG. The MMP-9 activity was next examined by zymography, because the degradation of extracellular matrix by MMPs is required for DCs migration. However, neither S-PG nor W-PG promoted MMP-9 secretion. The present study therefore demonstrates that W-PG not but S-PG can selectively regulate the chemotactic activity of DCs in vitro . Further understanding of the mechanism and studies using human PGs is therefore expected to provide valuable insight into the migration of immune cells, including DCs both in vitro and in vivo .


The invention relates the preparing method for modifier brucite powder, comprising the following steps: weighing brucite powder, heating material, stirring with the mixing machine; weighing KH-550 silane coupling agent, sodium stearate and water; formulating surface modified solution, putting modifier into container, stirring; high speed mixing material. The method modifies the wettability, dispersibility and hydrophilicity of brucite surface, and improves the interaction of flame-proof filler and base resin. The method can be used in polypropylene, polyethylene, polychloroethylene, high-impact polystyrene and ABS fields.


This paper reports on recent research into community atti- tudes around the vitality of Murrinh-Patha; a polysynthetic, non- Pama-Nyungan language spoken by approximately 2000 speakers liv- ing in and around Wadeye (Port Keats) in the Daly River region of the Northern Territory of Australia. The report is part of an ongoing re- search program that aims to identify the role of the community in the strong maintenance of this language in Wadeye, when so many other Indigenous communities are in the process of rapid language loss or change. This research has a two-fold motivation of investigating both why the language is robust and, if it is to remain robust, what is the situation with language-learning children? In a national language en- vironment in which Indigenous languages are on the decline the ro- bustness and seeming vitality of Murrinh-Patha is striking and raises questions about why this language continues to remain so strong. In the current study we investigate issues of linguistic vitality by ex- amining the language attitudes of Murrinh-Patha speakers. Through the use of semi-formal interviews and observation we establish the pri- mary domains (home, school, work, media etc.) in which Mur- rinh-Patha, English, and other languages are used by members of the community. Additionally, we report on perceptions regarding the on- going vitality of Murrinh-Patha and the interaction with English.


Phytosterols are steroid compounds structurally similar with cholesterol and vary in the nature of carbon side chain. β-Sitosterol is commercially available in preparative amount only as mixtures with other phytosterols. New semipreparative synthesis of pure β-sitosterol and sidechain-modified phytosterols is discussed in this dissertation. This new synthesis is achieved via a temporary masking of the stigmasterol 5,6-alkene as an epoxide. Following performance of the desired modification, the alkene is regenerated through a mild deoxygenation. Preparation of phytosterol esters for cholesterol metabolism study is also discussed in this dissertation. Singlet oxygen (1 O 2) is the lowest excited state of oxygen molecule. Due to its special properties, 1 O 2 has been widely used as the oxidant in chemistry, biology, and medicine. In the past decades, two major generation methods have been developed, photosensitization and chemical generation. However, most of the reported chemical generations require the water-rich media, which is associated with short 1 O 2 lifetime as a major drawback. Therefore, there is a need for 1 O 2 generation from organic solvents. The investigation of fragmentation of monoactivated derivatives of 1,1-dihydroperoxides is discussed in this dissertation. This previously unobserved fragmentation can be conducted in various organic solvents and generate high yield of 1 O 2. This reaction is general for a range of skeletal frameworks and activating groups, and can be applied directly to 1,1-dihydroperoxides via in situ activation. Kinetic and mechanistic investigation suggests it involving rate-limiting formation of a peroxyanion, which decompose to generate 1 O 2 via Grob-like process. i Acknowledgements Foremost, I would like to thank my advisor, Professor Patrick Dussault, for his continuous support of my Ph.D study and research. His guidance helped me in all the time of research and writing of this thesis. I am very lucky to have such a great advisor. for the help and useful discussions in my research projects. Finally, I would like to thank my parents, Zhengqing Hang and Aiqin Yu, and my wife, Lili Lou for their love and understanding. They always supported me in all my pursuits. Without their encouragement it would be impossible for me to finish my study. I would also like to thank my son Kevin for bringing me so much fun. ii Table of Contents Chapter 1 Synthesis of pure β-sitosterol and other phytosterols 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Results and discussion 5 Stigmasterol hydrogenation with Raney Nickel 5 Stigmasterol hydrogenation with Rieke …


Abstract The ability to foresee and anticipate, to make plans for and organize future possibilities represents one of the most outstanding traits of man. This orientation ahead is more than an expression of the continuous effort toward a better adaptation between man and the world. The restless striving is just more than a drive for competence and display. This basic urge reflects also an effort to be ahead in time – a need to conquer the future. Man's unique ability to conceptualize time enables him to anticipate and organize future possibilities and thereby to bring effects of future time into the psychological present.


The aim of this paper is to investigate the language learning strategies employed by 22 technical university undergraduates in Malaysia, particularly in oral presentation skills. The study employed focus group interviews and the data gathered were recorded, transcribed and analysed thematically based on O'Malley and Chamot's (1990) taxonomy. The findings showed that the participants used more metacognitive and cognitive strategies compared to the social and affective strategies. The study highlights that students' preferred language learning strategies may not always be effective. Hence, educators have to identify effective language learning strategies for their students and scaffold students' learning into using appropriate strategies.


Araucaria angustifolia var. angustifolia and Araucaria angustifolia var. indehiscens, seeds (common pinhão and monkey pinhão) are consumed after cooking, coats and water represent waste. In this work, pinhão was submitted to different cooking conditions, the water extracts were analyzed to determine and identify their phenolic compounds content, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial potential. Cooking for 45 minutes without addition of sodium chloride resulted in residual water with highest content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP), both for the common pinhão and for the monkey pinhão. Protocatecuic acid, vanillin and coniferaldehyde were identified and quantified by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS as the most prevalent phenolic compounds. No antimicrobial potential was observed against Salmonella enterica Typhimurium (ATCC 14028), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Bacillus cereus (ATCC 11778).


This paper reports comparative analyses of phase noise in common-source cross-coupled differential pair, differential Colpitts, Hartley and Armstrong LC oscillator topologies designed in 28 nm CMOS technology for 10 GHz operations. The Impulse Sensitivity Function is used to carry out qualitative and quantitative analyses of the phase noise exhibited by each circuit component in each topology. The analyses show that the lowest phase noise is exhibited by the differential Armstrong topology. Additionally, the results show the impact of flicker noise on phase noise performances.


The collapse of the Soviet Union forced the United States to redesign its military strategy for the first time in decades. It responded by developing the so-called Regional Strategy. The Regional Strategy has as its hallmarks a commitment to continuing alliances, maintenance of a forward presence, and a focus on regional rather than global conflicts. It posits a need to fight two nearly simultaneous major regional contingencies (MRCs) and designs a Base Force to provide that capability. The process of designing a military strategy is particularly difficult today because of the enormous international and domestic changes under way.


Research on preconceptions is an important domain in western science education research. Jean Piaget explored the children's preconceptions of the world around them in the beginning of the 20th century. The learning theory emphasizes "conceptual understanding" rather than the mechanistic memory of the factual knowledge. Similar researches have studied in Mainland China from the start of this century. Do the researchers and practitioners in Mainland China have similar or different patterns compared with their counterparts in the West?Thisarticleidentifiesthedifferencesbetween theWestand Chinausingthebibliometricsmethod.


Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a state-of-the-art noninvasive imaging method, which is sensitive to the dynamic changes of the lung impedance. However, the nonlinear ill-posed mathematical problem limits its spatial resolution. In order to generate reliable reconstruction image of EIT, a supervised deep convolutional neural network (CNN)—V-shaped dense denoising net (VDD-Net) is proposed in this article, which consists of four blocks sequentially, i.e., preimaging block, feature extraction block, image reconstruction block, and image denoising block. The conjugate gradient algorithm is utilized in preimaging block to map the boundary voltage to the conductivity distribution, and the postprocess block based on deep CNN is used to filter the artifacts of the initial reconstructions and obtain the sharp features in the region of interest. The images reconstructed by VDD-Net are also compared with these of Tikhonov regularization, convolutional neural network, and V-Net methods. The resolution of the reconstruction images can reach 256 $\times256$ . The reconstruction quality is quantitatively measured by relative error (RE), structural similarity indices (SSIM), distortion (DT), and widening (WD). On average, the VDD-Net achieves 0.140 RE, 0.961 SSIM, 0.167 DT, and 0.985 WD through experimental reconstructions. These results demonstrate that VDD-Net is promising in EIT for expressing the nonlinear mapping between the measurements and the parameters in the observation domain.


In quest for high sensitivities necessary for determining the disaccharide composition of heparin/heparan sulfate present in trace amounts in biologic samples, an ultrahighly sensitive capillary electrophoresis (CE) method using laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection was developed. Heparin/heparan sulfate-derived Delta-disaccharides were derivatized with the fluorophore 2-aminoacridone and resolved by a reversed-polarity CE method. Estimation of the limit of detection in concentration term and limit of quantitation showed that LIF detection of AMAC-derivatives of Delta-disaccharides resulted in 27-744 times higher sensitivity as compared to those detected by UV at 255 nm. These data suggest that CE-LIF is a powerful tool to quantify minute amounts of heparin/heparan sulfate disaccharides.


Scientific research as the social practical activity,from the perspective of its research purposes,methods,goals,process and results,and the scientists,is not purely objective without involving ethics.Therefore,it is the practical activities concerning ethics criticism.


The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and associated factors of metabolic syndrome of children and adolescents in Korea. The data of 7,709 children and adolescents were selected from the database of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2008 to 2014 and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, χ 2-test, ANOVA and logistic regression with the SPSS WIN 19.0 program. The risk factors of metabolic syndrome as age, weight, blood pressure, fasting glucose, and triglyceride were significantly different from 2008 to 2014. The odds ratio of children and adolescent with obesity was over 11 times significantly higher than that of children and adolescent with normal BMI. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome of girls was higher than that of boys from 2008 to 2013. But in 2014, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome of boys and girls was reversed. It is necessary to monitor the prevalence and risk factors for th management of metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents.


In recent years, with the "continuous changes and improvement" of the city development, the damage of the city landscape and street area with historical culture was accelerated. The problem of old city protection is gradually obvious. In this paper, taking the "Chuandaoguai Wenjue Temple" District reform as an example, with further ascertaining the value and meaning of old city protection, a kind of "small scale reform" is studied to protect the old street area of Chongqing so as the "Bayu culture" could be reappeared.


The modelling of many real-world problems relies on computationally heavy simulations. Since statistical inference rests on repeated simulations to sample the parameter space, the high computational expense of these simulations can become a stumbling block. In this paper, we compare two ways to mitigate this issue based on machine learning methods. One approach is to construct lightweight surrogate models to substitute the simulations used in inference. Alternatively, one might altogether circumnavigate the need for Bayesian sampling schemes and directly estimate the posterior distribution. We focus on stochastic simulations that track autonomous agents and present two case studies of real-world applications: tumour growths and the spread of infectious diseases. We demonstrate that good accuracy in inference can be achieved with a relatively small number of simulations, making our machine learning approaches orders of magnitude faster than classical simulation-based methods that rely on sampling the parameter space. However, we find that while some methods generally produce more robust results than others, no algorithm offers a one-size-fits-all solution when attempting to infer model parameters from observations. Instead, one must choose the inference technique with the specific real-world application in mind. The stochastic nature of the considered real-world phenomena poses an additional challenge that can become insurmountable for some approaches. Overall, we find machine learning approaches that create direct inference machines to be promising for real-world applications. We present our findings as general guidelines for modelling practitioners. Author summary Computer simulations play a vital role in modern science as they are commonly used to compare theory with observations. One can thus infer the properties of a observed system by comparing the data to the predicted behaviour in different scenarios. Each of these scenarios corresponds to a simulation with slightly different settings. However, since real-world problems are highly complex, the simulations often require extensive computational resources, making direct comparisons with data challenging, if not insurmountable. It is, therefore, necessary to resort to inference methods that mitigate this issue, but it is not clear-cut what path to choose for any specific research problem. In this paper, we provide general guidelines for how to make this choice. We do so by studying examples from oncology and epidemiology and by taking advantage of developments in machine learning. More specifically, we focus on simulations that track the behaviour of autonomous agents, such as single cells or individuals. We show that the best way forward is problem-dependent and highlight the methods that yield the most robust results across the different case studies. We demonstrate that these methods are highly promising and produce reliable results in a small fraction of the time required by classic approaches that rely on comparisons between data and individual simulations. Rather than relying on a single inference technique, we recommend employing several methods and selecting the most reliable based on predetermined criteria.


With the exception of the first hours to days of life there is little information on blood pressures in VLBW infants. We documented an excellent correlation between aortic BP and oscillometric measurements (Narco Oscillometer) in sick VLBW infants over a wide range of BP (r=0.97-0.99). We then performed daily BP measurements by oscillometry in a group of sick newborns with birthweights <1500 g over the first 28 days of life.We also performed simultaneous upper and lower extremity BP in 7 VLBW and 10 term infants in the first 12 days and found the levels to be virtually identical (r=0.99). These data provide reference values for BP in sick VLBW infants in the first month of life and show only a small increase after day 7. Contrary to some previous data, there is no difference between upper and lower extremity blood pressure in the newborn.


Self-help promises the chance of being "better". Across multifarious platforms, including books, apps and television shows, it offers hope that we can be our own agents of change for a happier life. Critical research troubles this premise, arguing that the recurring trope of the individualistic ideal-self found in self-help literature is at the expense of seeking solutions in collective, feminist, or otherwise politicised activism. Self-help is also problematically gendered, since women are often positioned as particularly in need of improvement, an understanding further intensified by postfeminist sensibility. These issues are examined conceptually before introducing 10 articles on self-help published in Feminism & Psychology across three decades and brought together as a Virtual Special Issue to offer a significant body of work for scholars and students alike.


Objective
To translate Rheumatoid Arthritis Self-efficacy Scale (RASE) into Chinese and to evaluate its reliability and validity.

Methods
A total of 188 hospitalized patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were selected as research subjects through convenience sampling method. According to the translation mode of the scale, Chinesization and cultural adjustment were conducted to the English version of RASEto test reliability and validity.

Results
Item analysis showed that the Chinese version of RASE could discriminate the high-score group from the low-score group (P<0.01). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficient between the score of each item and the total score of the Chinese version of RASE was positively correlated (P<0.01).Exploratory factor analysis extracted a total of 8 common factors, which explained 68.55%of the total variance. The Cronbach α of the Chinese version of RASE was 0.901, and Cronbachαof each dimension ranged from 0.660 to 0.867; the retest reliability was 0.955 after 1 week, and ranged from 0.819 to 0.984 for each dimension; the split-half reliability coefficient was 0.848.

Conclusion
The Chinese version of RASE has good reliability and validity, which can be applied to the research of self-efficacy of patients with RA in China.

Key words:
Arthritis, rheumatoid; Self-efficacy; Reliability; Validity


The research described in this article demonstrates that a digital analysis method called Benford's Law can be applied to first-party automobile insurance claim data to detect number irregularities, which can be used in uncovering fraudulent automobile claim activity. This work is important because it provides a unique method of automating the automobile claim fraud detection process at Utica National Insurance Group (UNIG). Striving for new and different ways to automate this process sets the stage for more efficient and effective fraud detection both reactively and proactively. The study shows that Benford's Law can detect number irregularities within firstparty automobile physical damage claim payments. With further research and development, Benford's Law has the potential to become a widely used and respected tool to detect insurance claim fraud. However, additional work must be completed before it will be effective enough to deploy industry wide. Several valuable lessons were learned, and common obstacles recognized, in the process of this research. The project should serve as a "road map" for future research in the field of digital analysis, and more specifically, Benford's Law.


We discuss the gravity dual description for a non-commutative Yang-Mills theory, which reduces to that on AdS 5 x S 5 in the commutative limit. It is found that doubletons do not decouple in this dual gravity description unless one takes the commutative limit. The decoupling of the doubletons in AdS 5 space implies that the dual gauge theory has SU(N) gauge symmetry. Our result implies that this gravity description is dual to non-commutative U(N) gauge theory. This is compatible with the claim that U(1) and SU(N) gauge symmetries cannot be separated in non-commutative U(N) gauge theory.


Objective To study the dose distribution of 125I seed source in the muscle tissue equivalent materials model.Methods Developing muscular tissue equivalent model,and studying radiation dose distribution of 125I seed source in two-dimensional radial with the method of thermoluminescence dosimetry and the theoretical formula(calculation method) recommended by American Association of Physicists in Medicine Report of Working Group 43(AAPM TG-43).Results At 0.5cm point,When the angle is 0°、45°、90°、135°、180°、225°、270°、315°,TLD measured dose rate is 9.61,5.72,9.33,5.05,10.65,5.15,10.7,5.74 cGyh-1,Theoretical calculation is 3.94 cGyh-1.There is a good agreement between The TLD measured and theoretically calculated result.Conclusions The radial dose of 125I seed is attenuated very rapidly with radial distance.


Speech Recognition has moved beyond the small vocabulary, custom application environment. The technology today offers products with up to a 1000 word vocabulary, high accuracy in noisy environments, a high degree of user friendliness and the ability to be connected to any existing computer application. The benefits of voice include much higher individual productivity, accuracy and the ability to integrate computer input modes by the user.


The OPERA muon magnetic spectrometer has been designed for muon detection, tracking and timing. The 44 bakelite Resistive Chambers (RPC) planes, imbibed inside the magnet iron slabs, must provide the tracking of the muon curved in the magnetic field to ease the momentum and charge measurement provided by the HPT. Furthermore, it provides the momentum for muons stopping in the iron. RPC signals will be also used as start of drift tube acquisition thanks to the very good time resolution of RPC detectors. Due to the required performances the tracking detector must be fully efficient and stable. In this conditions an online monitor is mandatory to continuously control stability of run conditions. We report the main characteristics and performances of the monitor system for the OPERA spectrometer and capabilities of the software developed for settings and data acquisition.


The growing network of mechatronic components within a vehicle, as well as their interaction creating new systems, request special and higher challenges to future communication systems. Besides the software implementation of these innovative systems, the investigation of new physical layers is of essential interest and of special interest in this article. Meanwhile the use of the electrical power supply grid as a communications medium has reached a considerable level of quality. Due to this success, it appears rewarding to open further areas of application for the new and innovative powerline technology, e.g. automotive power line communications. This paper investigates the properties of automotive onboard power supply networks for the purpose of an integrated power and data transmission. It is obvious, that the electrical power supply system within an automobile has very few in common with a residential area's supply grid. This means that new and different approaches must be found. This article introduces a brief tutorial about the realization of a vehicular high speed data communication on powerlines. Besides the investigation of existing harnesses, a prospect of required modifications and network components are presented.


Assessment of health-related quality of life in patients with chronic hepatitis C, as a technique for determining the tolerability of complex antiviral therapy. Methods: а comprehensive examination of 106 patients with a diagnosis of chronic hepatitis C was performed before and after the end of the combination antiviral therapy. Results of the study: after therapy on all scales of the physical component of health, higher rates were observed in men. Significantly differences (p < 0.05) were obtained in the following areas: physical functioning (PF), role-based functioning due to physical condition (RP) and general health status (GH). According to the scales of the mental component of health, the indicators of quality of life in men also exceed the obtained values in women, however, significant differences (p < 0.05) are established only on the scale of role-based functioning due to the emotional state (RE).


The author is about to defend his Ph.D. on methods of game studies and design. The major results of the study are methods with which to analyze game play from the perspectives of game design and player experience. The methods will be implemented online as a community service for teaching game studies and design. mygamestudies.com will be a site with community features that is open for contributions from students, educators, researchers, and game designers.


We explore the ability of the recently established quasilocal density functional theory for describing the isoscalar giant monopole resonance. Within this theory we use the scaling approach and perform constrained calculations for obtaining the cubic and inverse energy weighted moments (sum rules) of the RPA strength. The meaning of the sum rule approach in this case is discussed. Numerical calculations are carried out using Gogny forces and an excellent agreement is found with HF1RPA results previously reported in literature. The nuclear matter compression modulus predicted in our model lies in the range 210‐ 230 MeV which agrees with earlier findings. The information provided by the sum rule approach in the case of nuclei near the neutron drip line is also discussed.


1. Sasaki DK, McGeachy P, Alpuche Aviles JE, McCurdy B, Koul R, Dubey A. A modern mold room: Meshing 3D surface scanning, digital design, and 3D printing with bolus fabrication. J Appl Clin Med Phys. 2019 Sep; 20(9): 78-85. 2. Sharma A, Sasaki D, Rickey DW, Leylek A, Harris C, Johnson K, et al. Low-cost optical scanner and 3dimensional printing technology to create lead shielding for radiation therapy of facial skin cancer: First clinical case series. Adv Radiat Oncol. 2018 Feb; 3 (3): 288-296. 3. Dipasquale G, Poirier A, Sprunger Y, Uiterwijk JW, Miralbell R. Improving 3D-printing of megavoltage Xrays radiotherapy bolus with surface-scanner. Radiat Oncol. 2018 Oct; 13(1): 203.


The parameters of combustion synthesis and shock-wave initiation of reactive W/PTFE/Al compacts are investigated. Preliminary thermodynamic calculations showed the possibility of combustion of the W/PTFE/Al system at high adiabatic temperatures (up to 2776 °C) and a large proportion of condensed combustion products. The effect of the Al content (5, 10, 20, and 30 wt%) in the W/PTFE/Al system on the ignition and development of exothermic reactions was determined. Ignition temperatures and combustion rates were measured in argon, air, and rarefied air. A correlation between the gas medium, rate, and temperature of combustion was found. The shock initiation in W/PTFE/Al compacts with different Al content was examined. The extent of reaction in all compacts was studied by X-ray diffraction. The compositions with 10 and 20 wt% Al showed the highest completeness of synthesis after combustion and shock-wave initiation.


A scanning electron microscopical examination of the gills of H. fossilis is described. The surface architecture of gill filaments and secondary gill lamellae showed the presence of various features such as indentations, micropits and crevices. The possible functions of these morphological adaptations are discussed in relation to physiology of the gill.


The bionomics of Campoletis chlorideae and the regularity of its seasonal fluctuations were studied in Changsha district,Hunan province. Field investigation indicated that there were ten generations of C. chlorideae a year, of which seven occurred in cotton fields. Three peaks of cotton bollworm parasitization by C. chlorideae were observed, early May to late June, mid August to early September, mid September to mid October respectively. One peak occurred in tomato and tobacco fields, the other two in cotton fields. The parasitization rate ranged from 25.1%- 63.1%. The total development time from egg to adult ranged from 13.0 days at 32℃ to 75.5 days at 11.6℃. Each wasp could parasitize the 5-23 second instar larvae of tobacco caterpillar. C. chlorideae could parasitize the cotton bollworm, beet armyworm and tobacco caterpillar, but preferred the cotton bollworm larvae. C. chlorideae could parasitized 1st-3rd instar larvae of the tobacco caterpillar, but seldom parasitzed 4th-6th instar larvae. Moreover, C. chlorideae preferred second instar larvae. Theoretical models for developmental speed, adult longevity and the influence of temperature were proposed. The overwintering of C. chlorideae Uchida was also discussed. Moreover, methods for utilization of C. chlorideae Uchida in crop protection were presented and the bionomics of Campoletis chlorideae in both the Yangtze River Valley and Yellow River Valley were compared.


In this paper, results of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements of the flow velocity field in an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) are presented. The ESP was an acrylic parallelepiped with a wire discharge electrode and two plate collecting electrodes placed on the top and bottom of the ESP. The measurements were carried out for various dust densities. The obtained results showed that the general shape of the flow patterns at different dust densities is similar in the bulk of the flow. However, the flow velocities and level of turbulences strongly depends on the dust density, in particular in the downstream region of the ESP, behind the wire electrode.


Abstract A large number of extracts of medicinal plants or natural products shows beneficial to combat obesity. In the present work, a new flavonoid named (2S,1″R,2″R)-4′-hydroxy-7-methoxy-6-(1,2,3-trihydroxy-3-methyl-butyl)-flavanone (1), along with seven known compounds (2–8) were isolated from the seeds of Cullen corylifolium. Their structures, including the absolute configurations, were determined by the analysis of comprehensive spectroscopic data and computational calculation methods. All isolates were evaluated for their diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) inhibitory activity. Compounds 1–4 exhibited different level of DGAT1 inhibitory activity with IC50 values ranging from 28.2 ± 1.1 to 127.3 ± 1.9 μM. In addition, 45 flavonoids which be evaluated for DGAT inhibitory activity were summarised and potential structure–activity relationships were discussed. Graphical Abstract


The present study was aimed to assess the applicability of four techniques for detecting changed and unchanged areas in terms of land cover in Falavarjan area, (Isfahan, Iran). The images of the multi-temporal Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data acquired on 17 September, 1990 and 13 August, 2010 were used to apply land cover change analysis. The Images were respectively radiometrically and geometrically corrected. The root mean square errors were less than 0.5 pixels for each image. Finally, the image differencing method was used to produce the change image. To separate out the changed and unchanged areas in the difference image, four techniques including Metternicht's method, statistical method, Liu's method and Kapur's method were employed. Among them, the Metternicht's method followed by statistical thresholding technique yielded more accurate binary images.


Factorization theorem plays important role in the understanding of high energy process involving hadrons. The proof of this important theorem, however, turns out to be much nontrivial. In conventional approach based on diagram level analyses, diagrams are decomposed in to two parts. One of them takes the factorized form after the collinear and soft approximations are applied to it, the other part is power suppressed. In [1], we present an operator level proof of factorization theorem for DrellYan process. Collinear fields that decouple from soft gluons are defined in [1] once the eikonal line approximations works after the interactions before the hard collision have been cancelled. Effects of scalar-polarized collinear gluons are absorbed into Wilson lines in effective action that describe Hard process between different jets. The factorization of soft and collinear particles can then be realized at the operator level. In this paper, we extend the operator method to semiinclusive deep inelastic process(SIDIS). It also makes the feature and procedure of this method more transparent. Such an operator method is closely related to the effective theory and is valuable for description of QCD factorization in the frame of effective field theory. We consider the collinear factorization in this paper, thus the backto-back region do not disturb us. Processes considered in this paper can be written as:


The man-machine interface test is an important research contents of the fire control system experiment.This paper analyze the function request of the fire control system software and the software human-machine interface character.And erects the judge of guideline system for human-engine interfacial.This paper analyses the efficiency of human-engine alternant by GOMS and gives a estimate way for interface information efficiency and character efficiency.It has practice applying value for fire-control software testing.


The pathogenic microorganisms that attack garden vegetables, including Bush beans, Lima beans, Pole beans, Wax beans, Southern peas, English peas, and Chinese or Snow peas can be classified into four major groups: fungi, bacteria, nematodes, and viruses. This document is PP-209, one of a series of the Plant Pathology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date June 2005.


Domain decomposition methods for solving Helmholtz equation are considered. Such methods rely on transmission conditions set on the interfaces between subdomains. The convergence of the iterative algorithm used to solve the associated linear system depends on these transmission conditions. Optimized transmission conditions (such as proposed in [1]) usually rely on transparent boundary conditions or local operators that are an approximation of the exact transparent boundary condition. In this talk, non-local optimized transmission conditions based on Riesz potentials as detailed in [2] are studied. The non-local operators can be replaced by quasi-local operators, and the obtained rate of convergence is independent of the mesh size. These conditions are applied to higher order finite element methods.


This work provides a first assessment of temperature variability at interannual and decadal timescales in the Sierra de Guadarrama (SG), a high mountain protected area of the Central System in the Iberian Peninsula. Observational data from stations located in the area and simulated data from a high-resolution configuration (1 km) of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, fed from ERA Interim inputs, are used in order to analyse the temperature variability in the period 2000 2015. The comparison between both datasets allows for the evaluation of the realism of the model simulations. Results show that the model tends to underestimate observational mean temperatures and anomalies at high altitude stations. A linear mean temperature vertical gradient of -3.95°C/km is observed and overestimated by the model (6.52°C/km).The variability of temperature anomalies for both the observations and, to a lesser extent, the simulations increases with height. The added value that WRF offers against the use of ERA Interim is evaluated. Results show that WRF provides a better performance than the reanalysis, as it shows smaller biases with the observational temperature anomalies. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is performed over the temperature anomalies field of WRF for the assessment of its variability. This analysis provides a very dominant first mode that explains the 94% of the total variance and whose PC shows a large correlation with the observational anomalies. Temperature variability in the SG shows a large relationship with temperature in the midland Iberian Peninsula and broadly over south-western Europe. The regression patterns between WRF and the reanalysis are calculated in order to obtain an estimate of the temperature variability over the SG during the last 40 years.


Summary A miniature artificial rumen technique for studying fiber digestion by rumen bacteria and a method for determining fiber was described. The reproducibility, uses, and limitations of the technique were discussed. One example of the use of this technique was a study of the in vitro effect of antibiotics on the digestion of fiber by rumen bacteria. The use of the miniature artificial rumen in field work was described. Other uses of this procedure were suggested.


In recent years, the development and application of artificial intelligence have both been topics of concern. In the medical field, an important direction of medical technology development is the extraction and use of applicable information from existing medical records to provide more accurate and helpful diagnosis suggestions. Therefore, this paper proposes using the development of diseases with easily discernible symptoms to predict the development of other medically related but distinct diseases that lack similar data. The aim of this study is to improve the ease of assessing the development of diseases in which symptoms are difficult to detect, and to improve the utilization of medical data. First, a time series model was used to capture the continuous manifestations of diseases with symptoms that could be easily found at different time intervals. Then, through transfer learning and attention mechanism, the general features captured were applied to the predictive model of the development of diseases with insufficient data and symptoms that are difficult to detect. Finally, we conducted a comprehensive experimental study based on a dataset collected from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. The results demonstrate that the effectiveness of our transfer learning approach outperforms state-of-the-art deep learning prediction models for disease course prediction.


Since the first proposal emerged in June of 1999, the New Basel Capital Accord has already drawn common concern of the international banking. Compared with the 1988 Accord, the content of the New Accord is richer and more complicated, which has fully reflected the progress of the banking. However, the implementation and popularization of the New Accord will impact the banking strikingly. On the basis of introducing the New Accord briefly, this article especially analyze its impact on our banking.


A bstract . Blowup equations and holomorphic anomaly equations are two uni-versal yet completely di ff erent approaches to solve refined topological string theory on local Calabi-Yau threefolds corresponding to A- and B-model respec-tively. The former originated from comparing Nekrasov partition functions of 4d N = 2 gauge theories on Ω defomed spacetime C 2 ǫ 1 ,ǫ 2 and its one-point blown-up, while the latter takes root in the degeneration of wordsheet Riemann surfaces. The relation between the two approaches is an open question. In this short note, we find a novel recursive equation governing their consistency, which we call the consistency equation. This new equation computes the modular anomaly of blowup equations order by order. The consistency equation also suggests a non-holomorphic extension of blowup equations.


The application status of precision cast hot-forging dies in the world are summarized. The progresses of researches of cast hot-forging die steels are investigated. Exploitation of cast hot-forging die steels is very important for application of precision cast hot-forging dies. The three stages have been undergone in studies of cast hot-forging die steels. The forged die steels were directly used as cast hot-forging die steels in the first stage. On the basis of the forged die steels, alloying through addition of trace elements or single element was taken to improve some property in the second stage. The whole alloying composition design is applied in the third stage, which is considered with combining characteristics of as-cast steel and needs for foundry processes in terms of properties requirement for hot-forging dies. The steels by whole alloying composition design can meet the needs for hot-forging dies with higher properties and longer life. The problems in the current application of cast hot-forging dies are also pointed out and the suggestions presented.


We present a numerical study of the domain growth kinetics of the continuous, two-dimensional, q-state Potts model with a nonconserved order parameter. After the system is quenched from a high-temperature disordered state to a finite temperature in the ordered region of the phase diagram, the development of ordered domains in time is analyzed by direct numerical solution of the associated Langevin equations. We find that the domain growth in the model, after a short initial transient time, is well described by a characteristic length L(t) which increases with time as L(t)\ensuremath{\propto}${t}^{n}$. The kinetic exponent n is determined to be (1/2 for both q=4 and 15. The quasistatic structure factor S(k,t) obeys dynamical scaling during the growth process, as expected. Our results are in agreement with those obtained from recent Monte Carlo studies of the discrete Potts model with stochastic dynamics, and indicate that the domain growth kinetics of the two-dimensional q-state Potts model is characterized by a Lifshitz-Allen-Cahn kinetic exponent n=(1/2, independent of q for a nonconserved order parameter.


Glacial relicts, especially those with very narrow habitat requirements, are particularly affected by global warming. We considered Papaver occidentale, a glacial relict endemic to the Western Prealps, belonging to the alpine poppy complex (P. alpinum aggr.), as a model taxon to study the actual status and potential future distribution of species restricted to particular microrefugia. For this study, all known localities were visited, each population was georeferenced and the number of individuals was estimated. Species Distribution Modelling (SDM) was used to evaluate the present and future potential distribution range and habitat suitability, taking into account the specificity of its habitat (calcareous screes). According to our study, there are globally 19 natural populations of P. occidentale, and a total of about 30,000 individuals. The taxon is a highly specialized alpine plant growing in the majority of natural sites between 1900 and 2100 m a.s.l. on north-facing screes. Predictions for the end of the 21st century indicate that a suitable area will significantly decrease (0–30% remaining). Under the most severe climatic scenarios (RCP 8.5), the species risks complete extinction. The long-term in situ conservation of P. occidentale, and all other taxa of the P. alpinum complex, is unlikely to be achieved without slowing global climate change. More generally, our fine-scale study shows that local environmental buffering of large-scale climate change in high-mountain flora may be very limited in specialised taxa of patchy environments such as screes.


Auditing textbooks include summary level coverage of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) Code of Professional Conduct, but textbook coverage is too brief to support a strong understanding of auditor independence. Independence rules have the force of professional law for the independent auditor (PCAOB, 2015). Threats to firm independence can arise from events and circumstances such as investments in the client, loans from the client, past-due fees, contingent fees, deposits in the client, gifts and job offers. Student test results from a five-year rotation of alternative auditor independence lecture support materials demonstrate that using the actual AICPA Code of Professional Conduct reduces student performance. However, this drag on student performance was mostly offset by the positive impacts of simultaneous use of an independence decision tree developed for this chapter and tested as a teaching material for classrooms use.


For burrow-nesting seabirds, investigators have examined nestling diet by attaching harnesses to the bills of nestlings to intercept food delivered by the parent. To determine whether this method provides an unbiased estimate of nestling diet, we evaluated its effect on the provisioning behavior of Tufted Puffins (Fratercula cirrhata) nesting on Triangle Island, British Columbia. Adults delivering food to nestlings with bill harnesses always hesitated before entering a burrow with food, increasing their susceptibility to kleptoparasitism by gulls, and did not always leave the food intended for the nestling. These responses by adult puffins could lead to underestimates of energy intake rates of nestlings and unreliable comparisons with other species if prey left by adults in nest burrows were the only source of data. We also compared estimates of the species, number, and size of prey delivered by adult puffins as determined by direct observation from blinds to samples of prey collected directly from nest burrows and found that the two sampling techniques produced similar results. However, identifying rare prey species and gathering precise information about prey length, mass, and condition require collection of prey, and we recommend using a combination of techniques to obtain the most reliable estimates of nestling diet.


In the frame of the development for the FAIR facility at GSI, notch filter cooling is essential for the stochastic cooling system of the CR (Collector Ring). A prototype notch filter based on optical components has been developed and assembled. The focus was to achieve sufficient notch depth and low periodicity error of the filter transfer function. The compact optical notch filter was integrated into the ESR stochastic cooling system. Longitudinal cooling of heavy ion beams was successfully demonstrated. The layout of the notch filter and the experimental results are presented.


Abstract In this article we deviate from neoclassical assumptions of fully competitive energy markets and represent a more realistic oligopolistic market, given the reconsolidation tendencies of energy companies. We focus on policies for energy efficiency improvement for electricity suppliers, namely on white certificates. The behavior of each supplier is based on a detailed decision tree, which determines the optimal move given the expectation on the competitor's behavior. According to our preliminary findings, the introduction of white certificate obligations should encompass larger increases in the electricity prices. In order to test our theoretical findings we make use of a typical oligopolistic market in Italy, where we depict that a leader company can serve the main part of electricity and energy efficiency projects, through financing them with white certificates, while the residual demand is more expensive and must be covered at a high cost from follower companies.


This paper brings up a definition of discernibility object pair set in incomplete decision table by using the idea of discernibility matrix in rough set.Then the corresponding definition of attribute reduction in incomplete decision table is given.At the same time it is proved that the attribute reduction based on discernibility object pair set is equivalent to the one based on positive region.And the time complexity of attribute reduction algorithm based on it is cut down compared with the attribute reduction of postive region.Finally,an example is used to illustrate the rationality of the new algorithm.


Warehouse design has an important role in a supply chain system, so it requires a good planning. This study aims to determine and select the warehouse location with the company's management criteria and optimal design of warehouse layout, followed by designing the layout and the existing facilities at the warehouse in accordance with the principles of the warehouse layout design. The layout design refers to: (1) facility layout problem (FLP) which is divided into Static, Dynamic and Stochastic Layout Problem, (2) facility re-layout problem (FRLP), (3) systematic layout planning (SLP). Warehouse site selection uses value of consideration factors which are keys of success of the company. After the step of location selection is location determination of the warehouse uses calculation of both extrapolation request and the required number of racks, while warehouse layout design uses the activity relationship chart, activity relationship diagram, and area allocation diagram to determine the room positions and warehouse facilities in the area. After doing the whole calculations, the location chosen for the new warehouse is at Cipondoh, Tangerang. The number of racks required is 98 retail shelves, 213 bulky shelves, 412 pallets, 69bulky and heavy duty racks. Based on the activity relationship chart (ARC), activity relationship diagram (ARD), and area allocation diagram (AAD), the warehouse layout is obtained for the new warehouse at Cipondoh that can be applied by the company for building Distribution Center project.


The reflection and transmission of electromagnetic waves by a semi-infinite moving plasma with a static magnetic field parallel to the moving direction are investigated for the incident H-plane wave. Numerical results for the reflection coefficient as functions of incident angle, velocity, frequency, and cyclotron frequency are given. It is shown that the moving anisotropic plasma exhibits several phenomena different from manifestations of the stationary case.


A Case of Mooren's ulcer was reported in 44 years old Thai-male. This was not responded to conventional steroid therapy and surgical conjunctival resection. Thus the author consderen to treat this patient with topical  0.5% cyclosporine A eye drops. The lesion healed in 6 weeks and no recurrence found after 10 months follow-up.


Introduction: Resonance frequency analysis (FRA) offers a clinical, noninvasive measurement of stability and osseointegration of implants. The RFA values are represented by a quantitative unit called the Implant stability quotient (ISQ) on a scale from1 to 100. The objective of the present study was to measure the stability of Astra tech and ITI dental implants during the healing period and determine the factors that affect the ISQ. Materials & Methods: In this clinical trial study, approved by ethical committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 14 healthy subjects candidate for dental implants were randomly divided into two groups. Group one received 15 Astra tech and group two received 15 ITI dental implants. ISQ was used for direct measurement of implant stability on the day of implant placement and first, third and sixth month after implant placement. Data were analyzed by student-t test and ANOVA and Spearman Rank Correlation Test through SPSS 11.5 with 95 confidence interval. Results: The mean ISQ of Astra Tech implant at third and sixth month were significantly greater than ITI implant (P=0.001 and P=0.018, respectively). Statistical analysis showed higher ISQ values for mandible than maxilla (P=0.001). Bone quality significantly affected ISQ value and implant diameter was significantly correlated to implant stability (P=0.02). Conclusion: Our results showed that Astra tech implants had significantly greater ISQs in third and sixth month than ITI implants. Furthermore, bone quality, implant surface texture (implant system) and diameter can affect implant stability and time of loading.


A framework for the selection of a road transport service supplier is constructed through the formulation of a set of selection criteria. The framework will help firms to weight the criteria in accordance with their needs. The 'Analytic Hierarchy Process' method is used to assess the service-quality factors against the cost factor. The service-quality dimensions are itemised largely following the structure of the SERVQUAL instrument. The framework is tested in a case study of three companies representing different positions and perspectives in the road transport service supply chain. The study follows the 'Constructive Research Approach', which is a research method designed for building new applications.


The study aims at analysing the occupational health and safety of Health Care Service Providers by the information collected on policy, organisation and administration, waste management, motivation, leadership and training, hazard control and risk analysis, safety management, Fire control and industrial hygiene, monitoring, statistics and reporting, welfare facilities and hazardous activities. Questionnaires were used for data collection. Health care industry is a sector in which occupational health and safety has to be given more importance, but the study shows that the level of occupational health and safety is very less in the Health care industry. The collected data are analyzed by D&S method and graphical method.


(1994). 'Do it with thy might'‐‐the experience of part‐time study in higher education. Westminster Studies in Education: Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 57-64.


We present the first retrieval algorithm of kinetic temperature from measurements of CO2 15µm non-LTE emissions. Non-LTE radiative transfer is rigorously modeled. The algorithm is accurate and computationally fast, suitable for operational processing of satellite data.


Research on mining frequent patterns is one of the emerging task in data mining. The efficiency of frequent pattern mining procedures is determined mainly by three factors: the way candidates are generated, the data structure that is used and the implementation details. The main aim of this paper is to presents depth analysis of procedures and discusses some problems of generating frequent patterns from the procedure. We have explored the unifying feature among the internal working of various mining procedures such as, Tabular Approach, DAPS, TDTR and MBAT. The comparative analysis of procedures includes total execution time with different support threshold using T10I4D100K dataset.


The cubic γ particle morphology evolution was studied during long time aging process in a powder metallurgy (P/M) Ni–based superalloy with Hf addition. The results show that, during long time aging process, the cubic γ particle splits into a doublet of plantes or an octet of cubes. The octet of cubes with low energy is a preferred shape, it splits no longer. The γ/γ lattice misfit varies with different Hf contents. The growth or coarsening process of γ precipitate can be roughly divided into interface controlling and strain controlling stages, the γ precipitate morphology is greatly influenced by the elastic interaction energy between γ particles.


Background and Objectives It is widely known that angiotensin-II receptor blockers (ARBs) have reverse remodeling effects in atrium. Although atrial fibrillation is frequent in ischemic heart failure clinically, experiments to demonstrate ARB's effects on atrial remodeling in a heart failure model are rare. Materials and Methods A heart failure model and a sham-operated group were formed in 25 Sprague-Dawley male rats of roughly 260 g in weight. Ischemic heart failure models were obtained via ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. In the ARB group, 30 mg/kg of losartan was administrated over a day for 4 weeks. Echocardiography was performed to measure left ventricle ejection fraction and left atrial diameter (LAD) at the baseline and 4 weeks after the operation. 4 weeks later, histologic and immunohistochemical evaluation were performed. Results Groups were divided into the sham group, heart failure group, and heart failure-ARB group. We maintained 5 rats in each group for 4 weeks after operation. The decrease of left ventricular ejection fraction in the heart failure-ARB group was less than that in the heart failure group (p=0.023). The increase of LAD in the heart failure-ARB group was less than that in the heart failure group (p=0.025). Masson's trichrome stain revealed less fibrosis in the heart failure-ARB group. Immunohistochemical stain and western blot for connexin 43 showed less expression in the heart failure-ARB group. Conclusion In the ischemic heart failure model of rats, structurally and histologically, the ARB, losartan, has atrial reverse-remodeling effects. However, electrically, its role as an electrical stabilizer should be studied further.


The purpose of this research is to know the correlation between perception toward organization with medical student's interest to organize. The hypothesis is that there is a positive relation between the perception of the organization with the interest of medical students to organize. Population in this research is medical student of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta year II - IV amounted to 252 people with sample 135 people. The sampling technique used in this research is incidental sampling technique and purposive sampling technique. The method used is quantitative with measurement tools such as Organizational Interest Scale and Scale of Organization Perception. Data analysis was done by product moment analysis using SPSS for 16 windows help program. Based on result of data analysis for hypothesis obtained coefficient correlation rxy value of 0.848 sig. = 0.000 (p ≤ 0.01) it means there is a very significant positive relation between the perception of the organization with the interest of medical students to organize. If the positive organizational perception of organizational interest is high, but if the organization's perception is negative then the interest of the organization is low. The effective contribution (SE) of organizational perception towards the interest of the organization is 71,9%, the rest 28,1% influenced by other factor. Variables of organizational perception have empirical mean (RE) that pertained high. While the variable of interest organization have empirical mean (RE) that pertained high.
Keywords: Perception Organization, Organizational Interests, Medical Students, Organization


A new method of translational image registration is present ed: orientation correlation. The method is fast, exhaustive, statistically robust, and illumination invariant. No existing method has all of these properti es. A modification that is particularly well suited to matching images of diffe ring modalities, squared orientation correlation, is also given. Orientation correlation works by correlating orientation images. Each pixel in a orientation image is a complex number that represe nts the orientation of intensity gradient. This representation is invar iant to illumination change. Angles of gradient orientation are matched. Andrew s robust kernel function is applied to angle differences. Through the use of correlation the method is exhaustive. The method is fast as the correlation c an be computed using Fast Fourier Transforms.


If most academic debates surrounding the recent boom of ancient DNA (aDNA) so far have concerned conflicting research epistemologies, this article is a call for taking aspects of media and communication more seriously. Analyzing the fates of two recent research papers on Viking Age Scandinavia, we show how aDNA research is communicated, narrated and infused with meaning in the public sphere, particularly in relation to popular narratives and political debates. We observe significant interlacing of scientific, political and media discourses in and around the papers, and conclude that archaeogenetics is a highly mediatized scientific field.


1. In paper [2J the author proved among others the inequality S(ab) :::; as(b) for all a, b positive integers. This was refined to S(ab) :::; S(a) + S(b) (1) in [1 J. Our aim is to shmv that certain results from om recent paper [3] can be obtained in a simpler way from a generalization of relation (1). On the other hand, by the method of Le [lJ we can deduce similar, more complicated inequalities of type (1). 2. By mathematical induction we have from (1) immediately: (2) for all integers ai 2 1 (i = L ... , n). When al = ... = an = n we obtain (3) For three applications of this inequality. remark that S((m!t) :::; nS(m!) = nm (4) since S( m!) = m. This is inequality 3) part 1. from [3J. By the same way, S( (n!)(n-l)!) :::; (n l)!S(n!) = (n l)!n = n!, i.e. (5)


This case reports a rare disease known as Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis or Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease. This rare, selflimiting disease is not characteristically found in Caucasians. This case is of a 12yr old Caucasian male, referred for surgical review after a presumptive diagnosis of a strangulated inguinal hernia. Subsequent examination revealed a tender, erythematous swelling in his groin and exploratory surgery revealed reddish-brown inguinal lymph nodes. Excision relieved the patient's symptoms and returned a histopathological diagnosis of Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis or Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease. The patient was subsequently discharged and it was arranged on the advice of pathology that he be referred to a paediatric haematologist for continued follow-up to rule out potential serious pathologies such as lymphoid or blood-borne malignancies. This case report hopes to raise clinician awareness of this rare disease, to consider surgical service delivery and support available in rural areas and reaffirm the need for exploratory surgery when appropriate.


In this paper we study interactions between labor and product markets, in an imperfectly competitive industry with centralized wage bargaining. Firms jointly bargain with the union over wages and then compete in prices or quantities. We show that the bargained wage is independent of the firms, the degree of substitutability of firms' products, and the type of market competition, in a broad class of industry specifications, including the standard linear symmetric demand system - linear one factor technology one. These results are robust with respect to different specifications of union's objectives. Finally we propose, motivated by the above independence property, that the bargained wage in a Bertrand homogenous market be taken as the limit of the solution of the differentiated case as the degree of substitutability goes to one.


We determined whether Asiasari Radix (AR) extracts have protective actions in brain cells. Methanol extracts of Asiasari Radix (fraction 1) have significant inhibitory effects on the AMPA‐induced rat cortical depolarization in the grease gap assay. In differentiated PC12 cells, it almost completely protected against AMPA‐induced cell death. In addition, it had some protective actions in C6 glial cells death induced by AMPA. The methanol extracts (fraction 1) of AR were subsequently fractionated into chloroform‐(fraction 2), chloroform/methanol‐(3:1) (fraction 3), methanol‐soluble (fraction 4) and methanol‐insoluble, water‐soluble fractions (fraction 5). Among these, fraction 4 had the strongest inhibitory effects against AMPA‐induced cell death in the PC 12 cells and also dramatically inhibited AMPA‐induced depolarization of rat brain cortex in the grease gap assay. Interestingly, fraction 4 blocked the Zn‐induced oxidative damages in C6 glial cells. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Objective To research the effect of symbiotic on the mice model of diarrhoea irritable bowel syndrome( DIBS). Methods This study had carried through experiments of antidiarrhoea and analgesic,adopting the mice model of diarrhoea irritable bowel syndrome which was developed by the diarrhoea model of spleen-stomach deficiency developed by feeding Dahuang on the mice,the model of excessive intestines athletics stimulated by neostigmine,and the mice model of pain caused by acetic acid. Results On the diarrhoea model of spleen-stomach deficiency,symbiotic significantly decreased the times,grade and rate of watery stool and the index of diarrhoea,at the same time it increased the weight of mice and prolonged the time of swimming. Furthermore,it significantly reduced the times of tweaking body caused by acetic acid. Conclusion Symbiotic had an obvious effects on curring diarrhoea and analgesia.


During 1989–1994, adult mole snakes Pseudaspis cana at Robben Island were recorded eating eggs of African penguin Spheniscus demersus and Hartlaub's gull Larus hartlaubii, as well as those of helmeted guinea-fowl Numida meleagris. Juvenile mole snakes ate clicking stream frogs Strongylopus grayii. At Schaapen and Meeuw islands, egg-eater snakes Dasypeltis scabra fed on eggs of Cape cormorant Phalacrocorax capensis, kelp gull L. dominicanus and rock pigeon Columba guinea. A puff adder Bitis arietans was seen at Meeuw Island, but was not observed feeding there.


Massive spinning particle in 6d-Minkowski space is described as a mechanical system with the configuration space R5,1×CP3. The action functional of the model is unambiguously determined by the requirement of identical (off-shell) conservation for the phase-space counterparts of three Casimir operators of the Poincare group. The model proves to be completely solvable. Its generalization to the constant curvature background is presented. Canonical quantization of the theory leads to the relativistic wave equations for the irreducible 6d fields.


Competition policy has seen quite significant changes over the past years. With the reform of Merger Control and the application of Article 81 (agreements) an "effects-based, economic approach" was formally introduced by the Commission. Two other areas of competition policy are under discussion, namely state aid control and the application of Article 82 (abuse of a dominant position). It will be one of the key questions whether and to what extent an "economic approach" should be followed here too. Some issues of competition policy with regard to industrial policy will be analysed in view of this changes. As the "economic approach" is based on neoclassical market form analysis and welfare economics, I will try to make these approaches more comprehensive before I point to some problems which occur if the "theory" were to be applied in real cases.


The problems of the cooling system in transformer are analyzed.The cooling sys-tem is improved.The characteristics before and after improvement are compared.


Rev Panam Salud Publica 41, 2017 Immunization has come a long way since Englishman Edward Jenner's discovery in 1796 that cowpox not only protected against smallpox but could also be deliberately transmitted from one person to another as a mechanism of protection. His scientific discovery became a new procedure: "vaccination." (1) Published in 1798, vaccination was implemented in Spain in 1800 after Emperor Carlos IV's daughter, Infanta María Luisa, suffered from smallpox. Royal Surgeon Francisco Javier de Balmis y Berenguer (1743–1819), originally from Valencia, Spain, recommended the procedure, having become a staunch supporter of the new vaccine after witnessing the ravages of the smallpox epidemic of 1779 in Mexico, primarily among the indigenous population. His recommendation led to the decision to administer the vaccine to the entire Spanish empire, and set into motion the Royal Philanthropic Vaccine Expedition to take the smallpox vaccine to Spanish colonies overseas (America and the Philippines). (2) But there was a problem. In vitro, the vaccine lasted only 12 days, but had to be adequately conserved for the months-long journey to the vaccination site. Thus "arm-to-arm" transfer of the vaccinia virus among children aged 4 to 14 years old was developed to address this, and vaccination strategies began to evolve. Children involved in arm-to-arm transfer of vaccinia virus would present only mild symptoms, but were left immune to the more aggressive smallpox virus. Armed with this approach, twenty-two children were selected from the Santiago de Compostela Orphanage, and the expedition sailed out of the port of La Coruña on the María Pinta on 30 November 1803, headed first to the Canary Islands, to carry out the vaccination expedition. On board were the vaccine, surgical and scientific instruments, and a translation of the Historical and Practical Treatise on Vaccines by Moreau de Sarthe, which were to be distributed to the vaccination commissions that would be formed at sites where the expedition landed. After landing at the Port of La Guaira, in what it is now Venezuela, Balmis decided to divide the expedition in half: one half, led by José Salvany, administered the vaccine for seven years in Venezuela and the Viceroyalty of Peru (now Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Chile, and Bolivia). The second half, led by Balmis himself, administered the vaccine in New Spain (now Mexico). There, he selected an additional 25 orphans to carry the vaccine across the Pacific Ocean aboard the Magallanes. Balmis left the port of Acapulco bound for Manila, in the Philippines, on 8 February 1805, and from there continued on toward Macao and administered the vaccine to people in several cities in Chinese territory, all the way to Canton province. Balmis and Salvany's expedition (1803– 1814) was the first worldwide philanthropic vaccination campaign. Its legacy was the creation of vaccine boards and the recognition of the importance of concerted public health campaigns in preventing and fighting epidemics. (2) In 1959, the World Health Organization (WHO) adopted a resolution calling for the global eradication of smallpox, and allocated funds specifically for this effort. With smallpox still circulating in some areas of the Americas, Africa, and Asia in the 1960s, WHO launched the Intensified Smallpox Eradication Program in 1967. The last case of smallpox in the Americas was recorded on 19 April 1971 in Brazil, leading to Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) Resolution CD20.23/1971, which announced the United States government's decision to suspend mandatory smallpox vaccinations and subsequently to Resolution CD22.R17/1973, the historic declaration that the disease had been eliminated in the Americas. The last case in the world was identified in 1977, and by then the idea that a similar approach could be used to increase the administration of other available vaccines had already taken Overview


Abstract This article responds to sociologist Christian Smith's claim that many teenagers today have lost traditional religious faith and instead espouse a new and erroneous faith in God the "Cosmic Therapist." The author challenges this claim by comparing two of Smith's chief complaints vis-à-vis teen faith to established portraits of adolescent faith. The comparison reveals that despite differences significant continuities exist between adolescent faith "then" and "now," a finding that underscores the inherently (but not exclusively) developmental nature of religious faith. The article concludes by affirming Christian Religious Education as a dynamic process of bringing "life to faith and faith to life" with humility, compassion, and hope.


such as Hypatia, Kovalevsky , and Noether do little to encourage today ' s young women who may not wish to become mathematicians to choose vocations in which mathematics is important. One field perceived as both a female and a male domain is fashion design. Chanel and the Fendi sisters are equally as famous as their male counterparts Dior and Cardin. Perhaps the greatest creator of the art of fashion was the French designer Madeleine Vionnet. Madame Vionnet often was referred to as the "Euclid of Fashion" (Demornex 1991). Many of her most successful designs were clearly geometric. Madame Vionnet was a feminist before anyone knew the meaning of the word. At the age of twenty she embarked on a career in fashion design and dominated haute couture until her death in 1975. She designed dresses for the most stylish women of her day, including the Duchess of Windsor and Marlene Dietrich. During her lifetime her salon on the Av^^^^^^^^^^^^J


A buck DC/DC switching power circuit was presented in this paper.First,a buck converter topology and its principle were analyzed in details,and the overall circuitry frame was introduced.Then each module of the circuitry was analyzed and designed.The power conversion efficiency of the simulation can reach up to 90% by the SwitcherPro simulation tools.The conversion efficiency reached to 85% with the input voltage range from 7V to 40V and the output voltage range from 1.23V to 20V and it consistency with the simulation results.Meanwhile,this circuitry met the requirement of small package,and could be applied to portable electronic products,such as MCU,DSP and USB power supply.


Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common pediatric liver malignancy, and patients with high-risk, metastatic disease have a five-year overall survival (OS) of only about 40%. Of note, HB patients with vascular invasion (VI) have a much worse OS. Our hypothesis is that HB tumors with VI possess unique clones that invade the vasculature, resulting in dissemination of disease. We injected the aggressive HepT1 cell line with confirmed CTNNB1 and NFE2L2 mutations in the livers of immunocompromised NSG mice to generate intrahepatic tumors. After 4 weeks, we had 100% take of tumors in animals. Serum human α-fetoprotein (AFP) increased with the growth of tumors. At time of death, we saw clear presence of intrahepatic VI, vena caval tumor thrombus, extrahepatic disease including within periportal lymph nodes, and lung metastasis in animals with tumors. We grew adherent and nonadherent cell lines from tumor samples, including one cell line from intrahepatic VI and one from vena caval tumor thrombus. Cells derived from VI areas had obvious differences in phenotype from cells from the primary tumor (PT). To further pursue these provocative changes between PT and VI areas, we generated two unique patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of HB with intrahepatic implantation of PT and VI tumor samples from a nonmetastatic pretreatment extent of disease (PRETEXT) stage 4 patient. Mice harboring the VI PDX showed serum elevation of human AFP and obvious tumor with MRI. PT and VI PDX tissues expressed established HB markers nuclear Beta-catenin, Glypican-3, and AFP, resembling the primary patient sample. We also developed a novel cell line with growth of cells from a VI tumor in vitro. With both the HepT1 and PDX models, gene set enrichment transcriptomic analyses of RNA sequencing data showed clear changes in expression in aggressive tissues that invaded vessels, including significant (p Citation Format: Sarah E. Woodfield, Roma H. Patel, Aryana M. Ibarra, Barry Zorman, Andrew Badachhape, Ketan B. Ghaghada, Dolores Lopez-Terrada, Pavel Sumazin, Sanjeev A. Vasudevan. Characterizing vascular invasion in hepatoblastoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Advances in Pediatric Cancer Research; 2019 Sep 17-20; Montreal, QC, Canada. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(14 Suppl):Abstract nr B76.


International and Brazilian standards have in common the acid number as the main qualification parameter for biodiesel. Free fatty acids lead to engine corrosion and contribute to the formation of gum. The analytical methods specified for analysis are based on colorimetric and potentiometric titrations, which are characterised by lack of selectivity. This article proposes a new method based on the electrochemical reduction of quinones in the presence of the free fatty acids found in biodiesel on the glassy carbon electrode surface in the range of 0.4 V to � 0.65 V versus Ag/AgCl/Cl � (3 mol L � 1 ). The proposed method was validated.


Objective:To explore the relationship between morphologic changes of astrocytes and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) expression and blood-brain barrier(BBB) after severe scald in rats.Methods:Healthy SD rats were divided into three groups,normal control,scald group and sham-scald group.The ultrastructural change of BBB was observed by transmission electron microscope at 3,6,12,24 and 48 h after thermal injury.The Evans blue content in brain was examined with the ultraviolet spectrophotometer.The changes of brain GFAP expression were determined by immunohistochemical method.Results:Under transmission electron microscope,mitochondrion of astrocytes of the cerebral cortex was swollen andvacuolated 3 h after thermal injury.Brain Evans blue content and expression of GFAP were significantly increased after severe scald(P 0.01).Conclusion:The increases in GFAP expression and astrocyte activation were associated with increased BBB permeability following thermal injury,which indicated that GFAP may contribute to observed BBB disruption in peripheral thermal injury.


In advance of issuance of regulations by the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and the US Environmental Protection Agency requiring pollutant-specific controls for mercury emissions for municipal waste combustors, the Union County Utilities Authority and Ogden Martin Systems of Union, Inc. voluntarily installed an interim carbon injection system on the Union County Resource Recovery Facility. The interim system included all major components of a permanent system, but was designed to operate only for a period of up to two years while allowing for future upgrade to a permanent system once mercury control regulations were promulgated. This paper reviews the primary design considerations and operational characteristics of the interim carbon injection system installed at a large MWC facility.


A novel dual-band 3-dBWilkinson power divider (WPD) is presented that requires only partial port extension. The design methodology is based on the impedance matching technique and is very simple and intuitive with very simple closed-form formulations. The proposed technique has free variable(s) that add extra flexibility during the design and implementation. Continuous variation of isolation element(s) with band ratio ( $= f_{2}/f_{1}$ ) is no more required and is a distinct feature of this approach when compared with the conventional port extension technique. To enhance the band-ratio further, a technique, which utilizes port extension on all ports, is also demonstrated through an example. The band ratio of the proposed WPD is moderately wide, starting from 1.5 and going beyond 4. A flowchart of the proposed scheme is also reported that aids the systematic design procedure. The presented theory is validated through design and measurement of a prototype fabricated to operate at 0.9/3.5 GHz concurrently. The simulation and the measurement exhibit good agreement.


In her opening remarks, Susan Kurland, Associate Administrator for Airports, Federal Aviation Administration, welcomes the workshop participants, discusses the workshop purpose, and comments on the workshop agenda. She points out that the workshop discussions should provide a richer understanding of system needs as seen from various perspectives and should highlight the concerns of different segments of civil aviation. In her final remarks at the conclusion of the workshop, she comments on the constructive exchange of views that has taken place and how areas of common ground have been identified.


The retrospective prediction verifications for the global great earthquakes are performed based on the the brittle failure theory of multiple locked patches along a seismogenic fault system developed recently by us.It is shown that this theory can be reliably applied to forecast the occurrence time,magnitude and place of earthquakes.Also, some controversial issues in seismological research are explained and some misunderstandings are corrected.


Objective To explore a practicable model of AIDS risk behavioral intervention to provide health education and condom using promotion among female commercial sex workers in public entertainment places,and provide theoretic basis and new method for 100% condom using promotion among target population.Methods Epidemiological intervention study design was used and comprehensive intervention approaches were conducted.A KABP survey and rate of condom using were carried out before and post-intervention among female commercial sex workers in 3 different levels of public entertainment places.Results The knowledge,attitude and behaviors of female commercial sex workers changed significantly.The rate of believing-condom using was a way of HIV prevention increasing from 70.8% to 94.6%(P0.01).The rate of the latest condom using during commercial sex increased from 80.6% to 97.3%(P0.01).Conclusion The implementation of 100% condom using promotion program is definitely feasible among female commercial sex workers in China.


PurposeA key goal of this research is to examine empirically whether politically connected board members are likely to impact corporate philanthropy. A further goal of this study is to contribute to the existing literature by examining the moderating role of political connections on the relationship between family ownership and corporate donations.Design/methodology/approachBased on the content analysis approach, the authors determined the level of cash and in-kind donations made by a group of 94 non-financial Jordanian companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange. This study examined 658 annual reports spanning over seven years from 2010 to 2016. Ordinary least squares regression (OLS) is used to test the study hypotheses. In addition, this study used the probit regression to validate those results reported by the OLS regression.FindingsCompared to unconnected companies, politically connected companies in Jordan are more likely to donate to philanthropic causes. Moreover, the results revealed that the presence of significant family ownership shareholding in a firm can weaken the firm tendency to donate. Despite this, the regression analysis results indicate that family-controlled firms with political connections are more likely to engage in charitable giving activities compared to those without political nexuses.Research limitations/implicationsThe study contributes to the conversation surrounding corporate giving and sheds light on the role political connections and ownership structure (particularly family-owned firms) play in affecting donations by firms.Practical implicationsManagers of Jordanian firms listed on the stock exchange can use the study's findings to make better decisions about their donations and other philanthropic activities.Originality/valueThis study is the first to examine the relationship between firm donations and political connections in Jordan, and how political nexuses can moderate the relationship between family ownership and corporate donations. Hence, it extends prior research significantly.


Th e aim of the paper is to describe the land ownership relations in the area of the current Czech Republic since the foundation of Czechoslovakia. Th e description of the history of changes of land ownership in the Czech Republic is important for the perception of the current nature of the land use and land market. Land use and ownership was always related to the historical context and political regime. Th e time periods are divided by the important historical events: after 1918 (foundation of the Czechoslovak Republic), 2nd World War period, after 1948 (takeover of the power by the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia and the centrally planned economy period) and after 1989 (foundation of the market economy). During this era, three land reforms took place. Th e main role was played by the political apparatus the aim of which was to enhance its economic and political infl uence, and international interests. It can be concluded that the ownership of land in the Czech lands was always uneven. During the period, the state expropriated land from diff erent society spheres and reallocated it to others. No other property in private ownership underwent so many ownership changes in the legal organization of the state.


Social health awareness in the context of medical prophylaxis influences the current trends in the design of modern domestic bathrooms. The importance of the health role of the modern bathroom also results from the current social and economic situation around the world, resulting in the need for independent health control and the developing need for medical prophylaxis, taking care of immunity and psychophysical condition in the face of public health threats. Therefore, it was necessary to investigate the health factors in bathroom design based on research and analysis of literature and materials from foreign research institutes. The study concerned design possibilities in the selection of bathroom equipment elements enabling a wide range of comfort and supporting and monitoring the health of bathroom users. The research included a review and analysis of technologically advanced solutions, intelligent solutions, including Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, ensuring health prophylaxis in the home bathroom. The potential for the use of innovative technologies and the possibility of process control, easy flow of information in relation to the external environment (e.g. remote contact with a doctor) was indicated. The need for easy and intuitive use of intelligent devices was taken into account, as well as the possibility of independent, systematic control and protection of health without the need for stationary medical visits, with a view to time and safety of healthcare professionals and patients. The research results summarize the fields of medicine where smart bathroom appliances can create new opportunities to improve user health.


The hindcast data of Pusan National University coupled general circulation model (PNU CGCM), a participant model of the Asia‐Pacific Economic Cooperation Climate Center (APCC) Multi‐Model Ensemble Climate Prediction System, and August–October sea‐surface temperature (SST) in the northern Barents–Kara Sea (BKI) and the sea‐ice extent (SIE) in the Chukchi Sea (East Siberian Sea index [ESI]) are used for predicting 20 × 20‐km‐resolution anomalous surface air temperature at 2‐m height (aT2m) over Mongolia for boreal winter. For this purpose, area‐averaged surface air temperature (TI) and sea‐level pressure (SLP) over Mongolia are defined. Then four large‐scale indices, TImdl and SHImdl obtained from PNU CGCM, and TIMLR and SHIMLR obtained from multiple linear regressions on BKI and ESI, are incorporated using the artificial neural network (ANN) method for the prediction and statistical downscaling to obtain the monthly and seasonal 20 × 20‐km‐resolution aT2m over Mongolia in winter. An additional statistical method, which uses BKI and ESI as predictors of TI and SHI together with dynamic prediction by the CGCM, is used because of the relatively low skill of seasonal predictions by most of the state‐of‐the‐art models and the multi‐model ensemble systems over high‐latitude landlocked Eurasian regions such as Mongolia. The results show that the predictabilities of monthly and seasonal 20 × 20‐km‐resolution aT2m over Mongolia in winter are improved by applying ANN to both statistical and dynamical predictions compared to utilizing only dynamic prediction. The predictability gained by the proposed method is also demonstrated by the probabilistic forecast implying that the method forecasts aT2m over Mongolia in winter reasonably well.


Breast cancer is a very hazardous disease that mainly affects women and leads to a high mortality rate. Early detection of this disease only can reduce the mortality rate. Previously, several methods were used to detect this cancer, but none of them provides sufficient accuracy. To deal this issue, a pulse coupled neural network optimized with chaotic grey wolf algorithm is proposed in this article for the classification of breast cancer using mammogram images. The breast cancer images are gathered from MAMMOSET dataset. The images are preprocessed and segmented with the help of Tsalli's entropy based multilevel 3D Otsu (TE‐3D‐Otsu) thresholding method. Then the parameters of the TE‐3D‐Otsu are optimized using the improved shuffled shepherd optimization algorithm. The features are extracted using moment invariant wavelet feature extraction technique. The images are classified using pulse coupled neural network (PCNN). Then, PCNN mass parameters are optimizes utilizing chaotic grey wolf optimization algorithm (chaotic‐GWOA) for categorizing the mammogram breast cancer imageries, such as malignant, benign, and normal. The proposed method is activated on MATLAB, its performance is analyzed with existing methods. The simulation results show that the proposed BC‐PCNN‐CGWOA attains the accuracy 57.86%, 85.94%, and 53.45% is greater than the existing methods.


Reasonable configuration of energy storage (ES) is the basis for ensuring the safe, reliable, and economic operation of isolated microgrids. On the one hand, ES charge and discharge increase the utilization rate of renewable energy, thereby improving the system economy. On the other hand, frequent charge and discharge operations will reduce the ES lifetime, thereby increasing the replacement cost of ES. In order to solve the above contradictions, this paper proposes a bi-level optimization configuration method for island microgrids that considers the impact of energy storage life. Among them, the upper-level optimal model is to minimize the overall cost of ES investment cost and diesel generator fuel cost and obtain the ES configuration in terms of economic. The lower-level optimization model is based on the upper-level result and takes the overall performance of the system as the optimization objective to obtain ES operation strategy. Through simulation, the feasibility of the proposed method is verified, and the key indicators of the microgrid, such as reliability, economy, and environmental protection are analyzed.


Summary: It is not clear why some children have life-threatening RSV disease. We found RSV and any viral coinfection compared to RSV monoinfection is not associated with more severe disease. Increased life-threatening disease in RSV-ADV and RSV-Influenza coinfection warrants further study.


As an important field of computer vision, target tracking has been widely used in artificial intelligence fields such as intelligent manufacturing and intelligent transportation. As one of the classics, the single-target tracking algorithm based on correlation filtering is widely praised for its good real-time and robustness. However, it has disadvantages in scale changes and boundary effects, and many researchers have improved it. This article introduces the single-target tracking algorithm based on correlation filtering, and compares its experimental results through the OTB database.