Law enforcement agencies across the China have begun to on innovative knowledge management technologies to aid in the analysis of criminal information. This paper describes how have applied the design criteria of platform independence, stability, scalability, and an intuition graphical user interface to develop the intuition concept space (ICS). Results of user evaluations that have been conducted on both applications to study the impact of intuition mapping knowledge inversion (IMKI) on crime analysis. And analyze the intuition decision results on distinguishing different trends of each criminal category and find rules relating patterns in a time series and space state to other patterns, for the purpose of specifying the instructions of police human resources planning. The ICS application is currently being deployed at the Dalian Police Department and the IMKI is undergoing further modifications. Future development efforts for intuition decision project was also discussed.


The virtual contact loading method (VCLM), a highly efficient numerical method to solve elastic contact problems, is proposed in this paper. Having applied virtual loads on the possible contact region (PCR) of a structure system, we carried out the usual finite-element calculations only once and made a local iteration analysis in PCR then the contact region (shape and size), contact state (stick, slide or mixed), contact normal and shear stress distributions, and the stress and displacement fields in contact bodies were all obtained simultaneously. This method is very simple and easy to use.

The elastic contact problems for cylinder–cylinder are solved in this paper and the results agree well with those in previous work.


ANISOCORIA IN SEIZURE ACTIVITY Problems with earlier reports and with generalizations about pupil reactions to seizure activity at any given time. Small amounts of anisocoria are difficult to attribute to focal seizure activity. 1.Simple anisocoria not taken Into consideration. 20% of patients have 0.4 mm or more of anisocoria at any given time. Small amounts of anisocoria are dHflcultto attribute to focal seizure activity. 2. Observations made at time of seizures - no comment on pupils during seizure free status. 3. Seizures are not all that commonly seen by neurolo gists and when they do see a seizure spend their time looking at things other than pupils. 4. Seizures are almost never seen by neuro-ophthalmolo gists in a clinical setting. 5. These asymmetries may be subtle and easily over looked. It is easier to see anisocoria In children who have large pupils and whose parents look at them a lot when tlney are seizing . What can seizures tell us about pupil activity? In general they point broadly to areas of the brain that have sympa thetic excitatory or Inhibitory actiVIty. Earlier clinical reports and observations: Gowers (1881} said that pupils tended to be miotic In the tonic phase and become dilated In the clonic phase. In the post-Ictal state the pupils constrict again. Spiller and Posey (1906) repeat Growers observations. They emphasize that pupHs do not remain dilated post lctally and that with feigned seizures using Belladonna drops In the eyes would leave the patient dilated post·lctally. Penfield and Jasoer (1954) were not much Interested In the pupil except to say that In hallucinatory, visual or seizure that originated In the supplementary motor cortex were associated with rapkl bilateral pupil dilation. Even under their controlled surgical conditions It was difficult to see what the pupils were doing. frul1. (1966) 6 cases of postictal or late Ictal anisocoria as sociated with adverslve seizures - larger pupil Ipsilateral to theadverslve eye movement. "Sluggish" reaction to!lght In some of the larger pupils -- not consistently. Walsh and Hovt (1969} cases of children who have brief spells of anisocoria without clear iaterallzation of seizure activity. ZB.(1974} Single patient with right sided focal adverslve seizure, right pupil dilated, left middle frontal gyrus contu sion. Autopsied case. Jammes (1980) Six patients wtth petit mal epilepsy In duced by hyperventilation. 282 episodes per subject. Bilat eral dilation of pupils. Light reaction was blocked during all spells.


PE teaching is a course of teaching and learning between teacher and students. Teachers should take effective measures to improve students' physical quality,and also improve their psychological qualities,including intelligence,emotion,will-power,self-ideology and interpersonal ability,and carry out psychological health education and consult.


Media messages affect the person anyway. Time, style of message, direction of message ve aim of message may be effective in order to evaluate the messages. The person also uses two kinds of perspective, as reactive and preventative, in order to evaluate the messages. In terms of the person age, cognitive ability, knowledge structure, social factors, life style, personal statue, and media habits of the person might be effective on individual evaluation. Messages is effective on person, in this way social foundation such as family, politics, and religion. Hence media literacy is pointed out and educational programs of the media literacy should focus on two subjects: Critical thinking and creativity. Media messages affect the person anyway. Time, style of message, direction of message ve aim of message may be effective in order to evaluate the messages. The person also uses two kinds of perspective, as reactive and preventative, in order to evaluate the messages. In terms of the person age, cognitive ability, knowledge structure, social factors, life style, personal statue, and media habits of the person might be effective on individual evaluation. Messages is effective on person, in this way social foundation such as family, politics, and religion. Hence media literacy is pointed out and educational programs of the media literacy should focus on two subjects: Critical thinking and creativity.


Herbal drugs comprises of a vast array of active contents which furnishes us with a number of applications. But due to high polarity and poor lipophilicity the active contents are poorly absorbed resulting in poor bioavailability. These problem can be overcomed by formulating a suitable novel preparation of the herbal extract.Phytosomes are one of the novel drug delivery system containing hydrophilic bioactive phytoconstituents of herbs surround and bound by phospholipids.This phyto-phospholipid complex resembles a little cell which exhibit better pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile than the conventional herbal extract resulting in better bioavailability. This article highlights recent information, commercial preparation of phytosomes as well as the various other novel approaches for delivery of herbal constituents.


Thin film of BaTiO3 doped with 0.1 at. % Cr (Cr:BTO) has been prepared by pulsed laser deposition technique. Film was deposited on Pt/SrTiO3 substrate at 500 °C in 50 mTorr Oxygen gas pressure using KrF (298 nm) laser. Polycrystalline growth of single phase Cr:BTO thin film has been confirmed by grazing angle X-ray diffraction. Cr:BTO film exhibited remnant polarization 6.4 μC/cm2 and 0.79 MV/cm coercivity. Magnetization measurement of Cr:BTO film showed magnetic moment 12 emu/cc. Formation of weakly magnetic domains has been captured by magnetic force microscopy. Theoretical impedance equation fitted to experimental data in Cole-Cole plot for thin film in presence of transverse magnetic field resolved the increase in grain capacitance from 4.58 × 10−12 to 5.4 × 10−11 F. Film exhibited high value 137 mV/cm-Oe magneto-electric (ME) coupling coefficient at room temperature. The high value of ME coupling obtained can reduce the typical processing steps involved in multilayer deposition to obtain multiferroci...


Endocrine therapy is important component in the treatment of estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor positive breast cancer. For the last 2 decades, tamoxifen has been the gold standard as an adjuvant anti-estrogen in hor mone receptor positive breast cancer patients. 1,2,3 Tamoxifen exerts pro-estrogen effects on some tissues, such as the endometrium and the vascular system, and is thus associated with rare yet life-threatening side effects such as thromboembolic events and uterine cancer. 4


In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the development of organic farming, as people have started to rethink their eating habits. Consumers perceive organic products as conducive to good health and associate them with a healthy lifestyle. The paper aims to study consumers' perceptions of organic food products in Croatia. For the purpose of this research, a survey was conducted among visitors to the organic food fair in Pula and members of Solidarity Ecological Groups (SEGs) in Croatia (Pula, Rovinj, and Osijek). A total of 232 questionnaires were completed and returned. The collected data were analysed with SPSS (22) software, and the results were presented using descriptive statistics, t-test, One-way ANOVA and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results indicate that the typical organic food buyers are university-educated women aged 25 to 44 years. The most frequently bought products include fresh fruit and vegetables, honey, cereal and cereal products, milk and dairy products and olive oil. Consumers have confidence in the certification of organic production and eco-labels. Moreover, the PCA results show that the most important factors that influence organic consumer purchase behaviour are confidence and quality. The results of this study add to the understanding of consumers' preferences with regard to organic food products and could be a useful aid in devising marketing strategies for such products.


Abstract Objective To assess the influence of presbylarynx and presbycusis on Voice Handicap Index and emotional status. Methods A case–control, prospective, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted of patients aged 65 years or older referred to an otorhinolaryngology department from January to September 2020. Presbycusis was assessed by pure tone and vocal audiometry. Each subject underwent fibre-optic videolaryngoscopy with stroboscopy, and presbylarynx was considered when two or more of the following endoscopic findings were identified: vocal fold bowing, prominence of vocal processes in abduction, and a spindle-shaped glottal gap. Each subject completed two questionnaires: Voice Handicap Index and Geriatric Depression Scale (short-form). Results The studied population included 174 White European subjects, with a mean age of 73.99 years, of whom 22.8 per cent presented both presbylarynx and presbycusis. Multivariate linear regression revealed that only presence and severity of presbylarynx had an influence on Voice Handicap Index-30 scores. However, both spindle-shaped glottal gap and presbycusis influenced Geriatric Depression Scale scores. Conclusion Presbylarynx has a strong association with the impact of voice on quality of life. Presbylarynx and presbycusis seem to have a cumulative effect on emotional status.


Abstract Background/Objective: Children and adolescents who have sustained a spinal cord injury (SCI) are at risk of developing spine deformities and secondary complications that may affect their quality of life. The Shriners Pediatric Instrument for Neuromuscular Scoliosis (SPINS) is a condition-specific instrument that was developed to measure the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of this patient population. A pilot study was conducted to revise the SPINS and assess comprehensibility. Methods: Fourteen children with SCI (ages 6-16 y) from a pediatric hospital were administered either a child version (ages 10-18 y) or a parent version (ages 5-9 y) of the SPINS. Problematic items were identified based on participants' feedback or low statistical variance. Results: Ten of 14 (71 .6%) respondents understood at least 90% of the items, and 13 out of 14 (92.9%) comprehended more than 80% of relevant items on the SPINS. Conclusion: The SPINS has demonstrated comprehensibility. The next step is to measure the validity and reliability of the instrument. The SPINS shows promise as a means of assessing quality of life related to brace effectiveness in children with SCI and neuromuscular scoliosis who primarily use a wheelchair for mobility.


Background Psychostimulants (methylphenidate and amphetamines) are considered first-line therapy for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) is a new psychostimulant approved for the treatment of ADHD in Brazil. The pharmacologically active fraction, d-amphetamine, is gradually released by hydrolysis of the LDX prodrug. Objectives To perform a systematic review of the literature of the efficacy and safety of LDX in the treatment of ADHD in children and adolescents. Methods Medline/PubMed searches for "d-amfetamine", "lisdexamfetamine" and "lisdexamfetamine dimesylate" were conducted including articles available from January 2000 to November 2013. Additional references were identified using references listed in those articles. Further data on LDX were requested from its manufacturer. Results Thirty-one papers were found related to ADHD treatment in children and adolescents. Discussion The therapeutic benefits of LDX in children with ADHD are achieved as early as 1.5 hours after its administration and last for up to 13 hours, with efficacy comparable or superior to that of other available psychostimulants. The literature also reports efficacy in long-term treatment, with safety and tolerability profiles comparable to those of other stimulants used for the treatment of ADHD. Most of the adverse events associated with LDX are considered to be mild or moderate in severity, with the most common being loss of appetite and insomnia.


Description of Eating Behaviour, Consumption of Fe Tablets and Anemia Occurrence of Pregnant Women in Fakfak, West Papua Background: Anemia is associated with a condition of blood deficiency or low red blood cell count. Anemia during pregnancy is important to note because it concerns public health, especially maternal and child health. Purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between eating behavior with anemia incidence in pregnant women in three Health Center (Puskesmas) in Fakfak district, West Papua. Methods used is quantitative with cross sectional study design. The total samples were 55 respondents from Fakfak Kota Health Center and Danaweria Health Center. The result showed pregnant women were found to be regularly taking Fe tablets with a significance value of Chi-Square test of 0.001, so that regular consumption of Fe tablets can affect the low incidence of anemia in pregnant women. Conclusion: there is a relationship of consumption of Fe tablets with anemia during pregnancy, not feeding behavior.


With the deepen of market competition, product pricing and production decision problem in many firms have become more and more important. A bilevel model is proposed to describe the pricing and production decisions with fuzzy demand and fuzzy cost parameters. The upper level is to determine the optimal price and production quantity with capacity constraints. Using this information, the lower level problem tries to structure a response (the distribution pattern of customers (or markets)) that will satisfy his demand at minimum cost. And after transforming the fuzzy numbers into the crisp value by Graded Mean Integration Representation method, the solution algorithm based on difference method is given. Finally, the application of the model and its algorithm are illustrated with a simple example.


Abstract: The need of national development is to emphasize sustainability factor in every single development. Beyond 2020, the demand of energy resource will increase two times higher than current demand. The continuous usage of conventional energy resource such as mixed fuel will effect to the increment of cost and economy. Furthermore, this kind of energy resource will decrease and gives negative impact to the environment as well as create other problems if it not well-managed. In a few more decades, renewable energy resource will become the major contribution to the nation because of the increment of global fuel prices as well as environment rehabilitation cost. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to determine the potential area to generate renewable energy from tidal wave at east coast of Peninsular Malaysia covers Kelantan and Terengganu. Data that was used in this research are from Malaysia Meteorology Department, Department of Mapping and Survey Malaysia and National Hydrographic Centre, TLDM. These data has been analyzed and present in GIS to show the potential area to generate electricity. As a result from the research conducted, one potential area was determined where almost 203kWatt energy can be generated in Tanjung Berhala, Terengganu.


Testing and validating IoT applications is inherently complex due to the number of devices involved that should communicate with each other and with cloud infrastructures. Models, emulators and testbeds are used to validate parts of the solution, but the gap between simulations and live experiences is still deep. To minimize this gap, we propose IoTNetEMU, a modular framework that combines several open-source components to provide a validation tool for developers and researchers. This paper describes the framework, shows how it can be used to test and validate an IoT application with minimal changes, and compares results collected using it with results from real devices.


Evaporation ducts, which form as a result of evaporation from the ocean, have a significant impact on electromagnetic (EM) propagation in coastal and marine environments. Theoretically, typhoons would substantially increase the mass, momentum, and heat exchanges at the air-sea interface and thus inevitably influence these EM propagation environments, including the duct conditions and propagation boundary conditions. However, the effects of typhoons on EM propagation have seldom been reported. In this study, anomalous propagation in the evaporation duct induced by Typhoon Kompasu (202118) was recorded by using an EM propagation system and automatic weather station. The length of the propagation link was 53 km, which was beyond the horizon. The evaporation duct's impact on EM propagation during Typhoon Kompasu was studied based on model simulation results. Propagation far beyond the horizon indicated that ducting was present during the typhoon passage. Furthermore, the approaching of the typhoon caused a decrease in path loss of about 20 dB. This was because the abnormal marine meteorological conditions induced by typhoons result in a high evaporation duct, which leads to a small path loss for EM propagation.


References 1 Sartell, R. J. and Lorenz, G. C., "A new technique for measurement of aerodynamic heating distributions on models of hypersonic vehicles," Proceedings of 1962 X-20A Symposium Mechanics Institute (Stanford University Press, Stanford, Calif., 1964). 2 Kemp, N. H., Rose, P. EL, and Detra, R. W., "Laminar heat transfer around blunt bodies in dissociated air," J. Aerospace Sci. 26,421-430(1959). 3 Kafka, P. G. and Anderson, L. H., "Aerothermodynamics testing techniques," Proceedings of 1962 X-20A Symposium, Aeronautical Systems Div. ASD-TDR-63-148, Vol. II (March 1963).


Abstract The differential pulse polarography of phenyl arsenoxide (C6H5AsO) and its use in the indirect determination of chlorine and ozone is described.


Valuable innovations often arise from recombination of technologies. This paper examines how prior experience with combining technologies influences the ability to generate valuable innovations, and how innovation value is affected by the rarity and complexity of the combinations produced. Focusing on the core technologies of an industry, rarity describes combinations infrequently developed, and complexity the number of technological components combined. We take as our empirical case hydrocracking, a rather mature technology widely applied in the oil industry, where up to three distinct technologies can be combined into one innovation. In consistence with prior literature we confirm that innovations combining different technology areas are more valuable. But the results also suggest to the organizational learning literature that not all combinations are equally valuable: only the innovations based on technology areas rarely combined are of higher value, meaning that learning to generate rare innovations, are more valuable, than learning to generate less rare combinations.


Image information hiding technology can embed more data without increasing the amount of transmitted data. But in most cases, the information embedding rate is different for different carrier images. To increase the embedding rate, the data will be damaged. In order to improve this problem, a new near-lossless image information hiding algorithm with controlled hiding capacity is proposed, which is referred to as NLH. This method makes the pre-processed data in a specific range to facilitate information hiding by interval transformation and data mapping. According to analysis and calculation, the lossless performance of the proposed algorithm in this paper is better than the LSB algorithm. And the result of simulation shows that this method has a fixed information embedding rate (18.75%/1.5bpp) without more transmitted data, and the original image is restored losslessly or nearly losslessly with the improved transmission efficiency.


A reinforcing element for an elastomeric sealing element for use within a well casing and passable through production tubing is formed of two metallic plate members having a plurality of radially extending projections, and the radially extending projections are bent and joined to one another to allow the reinforcing element to be passed through production tubing. A demand sensitive pressure intensifier for use with a hydraulic fluid pump and passable through production tubing has a means for compressing hydraulic fluid to a pressure which exceeds the maximum output pressure of the pump, and the compression means is selectively actuated when the output pressure of the pump reaches a predetermined pressure value.


Kongsfjorden is an Arctic fjord situated in the Svalbard archipelago. The fjord hydrography is influenced by the warm and saline Atlantic water from West Spitsbergen Current (WSC) flowing northward on the shelf slope and the cold and fresh polar waters circulating on the shelf. Once several conditions are satisfied, Atlantic waters from the WSC can extensively flood the fjord. These intrusions are majorly confined to the summer season although some strong events have been identified also in winter. In this study, a decade of continuous observations is used to examine changes in water properties and water masses variability in inner Kongsfjorden, with a special focus on Atlantic water intrusions. Data have been gathered by the National Research Council of Italy (CNR) through the Mooring Dirigibile Italia (MDI) in addition to summer CTD surveys. MDI was deployed in September 2010 at 100m depth and comprises various temperature and salinity sensors placed at different depths. Analysis of the longest temperature series reveals a positive linear trend since 2010. However, both temperature and salinity present a peak at the beginning of 2017 and decreasing values toward the end of the series. No significant trends were found when considering the monthly water column temperature as average of few sensors’ measurements. Yet, differentiating the seasonal contributions reveals that summer temperatures feature a fast warming (0.26 °C/yr) whereas winters do not show a statistically significant linear trend. Temperature and salinity observations gathered at 25 and 85m depth are used to depict water masses variability accorfing to previous water masses classifications. Some evidences are noted: first, events of Atlantic water intrusions are always confined near the bottom and they are never seen at 25m, whilst summer freshwater is found only in the near surface. Second, the timing of occurrence of these two water types seems to be related: the presence of large freshwater volumes close to the surface are preceded by the arrival of warm and saline waters. This evidence is interpreted as the melting signal of Kronebreen, the largest tidewater glacier in Kongsfjorden, triggered by the intrusion of Atlantic water. As a result, the large freshwater input manages to dilute the Atlantic water settled near the bottom. Third, the temperature and salinity peaks at the beginning of 2017 are associated to a massive Atlantic water flooding in the inner fjord lasting several months in summer/autumn 2016 and 2017. After this period, Atlantic water is seen only for few months in summer 2019. CTD measurements are used to depict the summer hydrography of Kongsfjorden and the focus is drawn on the characterisation of the seasonal cycle for each available year of measurements. Finally, the drivers of Atlantic water intrusion events are examined, as the presence of low pressure systems and the wind patterns in the region.


What's new? Neither the current downturn in power plant construction, nor the publics' distrust of energy companies. The industry is just nearing the bottom of the third dip in a century-long rollercoaster ride. When will the track rise again? That depends on how quickly executives learn to recognize and manage risk.


For predicting the response of a fire detector in an actual fire, it is important to evaluate the transient properties of the ceiling jet, to which the fire detector is exposed. In this study, a relatively simple and yet accurate enough calculation method was developed by combining a two-layer zone model and an unconfined ceiling jet model to predict the optical smoke density in a ceiling jet. The method mutually compensates the weakness of the two-layer zone model, which can only predict the average temperature of the interior upper layer, and the weakness of the ceiling jet model, which is not suited for a closed space surrounded by walls. The prediction formula is validated by the fire experiments conducted using the test fire procedure as prescribed in an ISO/TC21/SC3's standard (draft) for fire detection and fire alarm systems. Keyword: Smoke detector, Ceiling jet, Two-layer environment, Optical smoke density, Absorption cross section area


The Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of chloromethyl oxime ethers with a wide range of aryl-, heteroaryl-, and vinylboronic acids proceeds with good yields.


Considering the overall benefit among generating unit output,energy consumption cost and pollution emission of thermal power plant and that between output of cascaded hydropower stations and hydraulic coupling parameters as well as that between hydropower generating units and thermal power generating units,a comprehensive multi-objective energy-saving scheduling model,in which the minimized surplus water quantity of cascaded hydropower stations,the lowest energy consumption cost of thermal power plant and minimized pollution emission are taken as the objectives,is established,and an energy-saving generation scheduling strategy of hydropower and thermal power plants,in which the cascaded hydropower stations are taken into account,is proposed. Using scale conversion method,the built multi-objective scheduling model is turned into single objective function with different weight coefficients,and utilizing the mixed penalty function optimization algorithm the solution of the model is turned into unconstrained optimization problem and this optimization algorithm is modified by Hessian matrix,thus the selection of reduction coefficient is solved. Through the simulation of a hydropower-thermal power system containing four cascaded hydropower stations and three thermal power plants,the feasibility of the modified optimization algorithm is validated by optimization results,besides simulation results also show that using the proposed method an obvious energy-saving effect can be achieved.


Six influenza virus strains were isolated from lung and trachea tissue of dead pigs with influenza-like clinical symptoms from South China in 2005.All isolates were identified as influenza A virus of H3N2 sub-type by PCR and HI method.The complete genome of A/Swine/Guangdong/1/05(H3N2)(SwGD1/05) strain was sequenced and compared with those available in GenBank.The SwGD1/05 showed 98.5 %-99.4 % sequence homology and shared the same HA receptor sequences with the human influenza viruses.Phylogenetic analysis showed that SwGD1/05 was clustered in the same groups as the human influenza viruses.These results indicated that SwGD1/05 probably was originated from human influenza viruses of North America or Europe,with pigs as a intermedia-host of influenza viruses.These finding could have significanct implication in human public health.


Abstract The guava weevil, Conotrachelus psidii, is a major pest of guava in Brazil causing severe reduction in fruit quality. We assessed its susceptibility to Heterhorhabditis baujardi LPP7 infective juveniles (IJs) in the greenhouse and under field conditions applying the nematodes in cadavers of seventh instar Galleria mellonella larvae. Field persistence of these nematodes in the soil was evaluated through G. mellonella-baiting. Insect cadaver concentrations of 2, 4 and 6 applied in pots in the greenhouse experiment caused significant mortality compared to the control. Significance differences were observed in the field between control and treatments only when six cadavers per 0.25 m2 were applied. Infective juveniles from the cadavers persisted 6 weeks after application in the field, but decreased greatly thereafter. Our work demonstrates that H. baujardi LPP7 IJs emerging from G. mellonella cadavers can be efficacious against guava weevil fourth instar larvae. Also, we demonstrated the long-term persistence of IJs in the soil.


The combinatorial basis of entropy, given by Boltzmann, can be written H = N−1 ln W, where H is the dimensionless entropy, N is the number of entities and W is number of ways in which a given realization of a system can occur (its statistical weight). This can be broadened to give generalized combinatorial (or probabilistic) definitions of entropy and cross‐entropy: H = κ(φ(W)+C) and D = −κ(φ(P) +C), where P is the probability of a given realization, φ is a convenient transformation function, κ is a scaling parameter and C an arbitrary constant. If W or P satisfy the multinomial weight or distribution, then using φ(·) = ln(·) and κ = N−1, H and D asymptotically converge to the Shannon and Kullback‐Leibler functions. In general, however, W or P need not be multinomial, nor may they approach an asymptotic limit. In such cases, the entropy or cross‐entropy function can be defined so that its extremization ("MaxEnt" or "MinXEnt"), subject to the constraints, gives the "most probable" ("MaxProb") realization o...


High pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been already successfully applied to the evaluation of the content of apigenin and its glucosides in Matricaria chamo,nilla flowers and in chamomile extracts [1]. In the present communication we show that a reverse-phase column can be used for the determination of coumarins (umbelliferone and herniarin) and dicycloethers from the same source as above. In the case of coumarins, two different systems of elution had to be used and detection was performed at 320 nm, whereas acetonitrile/water/acetic acid separated cis and trans dicycloethers (detection at 317 nm). Easy preparation of samples and mild conditions of operation seem to be among the most important advantages of the method, expecially for such labile compounds as dicycloethers [2].


Recent demonstrations of the generation of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) at soft x-ray wavelengths have spurred interest in normal incidence multilayer structures for use as x-ray laser (XRL) cavity mirrors. Calculations indicate that cavity mirrors can provide significant enhancement of XRL output, and drive the oscillations to the saturation limit. Novel ideas for cavity output coupling may expand the versatility of XRL devices, while encouraging the marriage of lithographic and multilayer technologies to the general benefit of x-ray optics. Preliminary tests of a double pass cavity have already been conducted. These tests point out the importance of detailed cavity design issues, such as precision mirror alignment, mirror damage dynamics, and detailed mirror calibration to the future success of this field.


Purpose: Previous studies have suggested that obesity can affect the oocyte yield, embryo quality and
pregnancy rates following IVF. In vitro maturation differs from IVF in several ways including lack of controlled ovarian stimulation, oocyte retrieval when majority are expected to be still immature, and possibly different endometrial environment due to short secretory phase and the lack of exposure to supraphysiologic estrogen levels. Therefore female obesity can affect IVM and IVF cycles differentially. This study aims to assess the effect of female obesity on IVM outcomes in women without polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Methods: Retrospective chart review of 125 women who underwent an IVM cycle during a 5 year period.
Women were divided to four categories based on Body Mass Index (BMI) according to the World Health Organization classification. Procedural and clinical outcomes were compared across different BMI categories. Independent effect of BMI on the odds of achieving a live birth was assessed using a multivariate logistic regression model.
Results: The numbers of cumulus corona complexes, in vivo matured and immature oocytes collected,
metaphase two oocytes available for fertilization, good quality embryos available for transfer and embryos transferred were not statistically significantly different across BMI categories. Likewise, in vitro maturation rate of immature oocytes, fertilization rate, embryo implantation, clinical pregnancy and live birth rates were similar across the groups. BMI category did not have an independent effect after adjusting for possible confounders in the regression model.
Conclusions: BMI does not seem to affect IVM outcomes


This paper extends the Cournot Model in economic mathematics into the instance of maximization of fuzzy price and fuzzy profit, and gives the reaction function and equilibrium solution of manufacturers in the fuzzy sense by means of the expected weighted average of fuzzy numbers.


Abstract : An experimental forced-choice scale was constructed for the purpose of predicting voluntary attritions from the Naval Air Training Program and was tested on a sample of entering students. The scale score had a higher relationship to this type of attrition than did the scores of any of the current selection instruments. A combination of scale scores yielded a bi-serial correlation of 0.52 against a completion-voluntary attrition criterion. (Auth r)


Objective To observe the curative effects of biological amniotic membrane covering and pedicled conjunctival flap transfer operation in the treatment of recurrent pterygium. Method A total of 85 patients with recurrent pterygium were enrolled into this study. All the subjects were randomly divided into two groups: observe group( n = 42) and control group( n = 43). The patients of the observe group were treated with biological amniotic membrane covering operation. The patients of the control group were treated with pedicled conjunctival flap transfer operation. The recurrence rates of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results The recurrence rate of the observe group( 14. 29%) were not significantly higher than that of the control group( 11. 63%). Conclusion For the patients with recurrent pterygium who are treated with biological amniotic membrane covering and pedicled conjunctival flap transfer operation,we find no significant difference in recurrent rate.


An experiment was conducted to examine the impact of simultaneous threats to socialand self-esteem on evaluation apprehension. Subjects were told they would take a potentially ego-threatening test and that only they, only another individual, both they and the other individual, or no one would see their test scores. Prior to the test, evaluation apprehension was assessed. Results showed that potential threats to selfand social-esteem both increased apprehension, but only in the absence of the other type of ego threat. Further, the presence of both sources of threat did not produce greater apprehension than either threat alone. Also, subjects who scored low versus high on a measure of self-esteem differed in their reactions to socialand self-esteem threats. Results suggest that the effects of conjoint threats to socialand self-esteem are not cumulative.


Medical students are tasked with learning and managing large amounts of information and often find it difficult to distinguish between concepts critical for clinical application versus factual information. Since physiology is so conceptual in nature, many students struggle with integrating material due to previously formed study habits where repeated readings were effective. Therefore, it is important for educators to highlight critical information from learning sessions to facilitate student learning. In this study, we hypothesized that providing "job aids" or flash cards with a disease, pertinent questions about the underlying science, a critical graph/schematic for understanding, and a celebrity with the disorder would improve retention of physiology content.


A novel post-treatment system, jet loop reactor (JLR), was proposed for anaerobic bioreactor effluent polishing purposes. The performance of the JLR, with respect to residual organics, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) and ammonia-nitrogen removal at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs), was the main focus of this study. The JLR, on average, was capable of removing approximately 99% of ammonia-nitrogen and 95% of TKN at HRTs of 8 and 5 h, respectively. The integrated system had an average removal of more than 85% of total BOD and COD and more than 95% of filtered BOD and COD. However, the JLR did not have a consistent performance due to dynamic MLSS concentration (and SRT). Overall the results indicate that the JLR can be considered as a feasible alternative for post-treatment of anaerobic bioreactor effluent.


Teaching and learning in computer application courses are being improved by educators as technology continues to change the face of education. For the purpose to promote student participation and self-directed learning, this study investigates how the heutagogical online learning paradigm might be adapted to computer application instructions. The Heutagogy Online Learning Model (HeuLEM) is a model that this research proposes based on heutagogy principles, including the six design elements of heutagogy. It enables learners to take control of their educational process, make knowledgeable choices, and develop critical skills for the digital age. Incorporating self-determined learning, reflection, strong interpersonal skills, and collaborative online tools, instructors can design an engaging and dynamic online learning environment that fosters students' digital collaboration abilities. HeuLeM comprises the theoretical underpinnings of heutagogy and offers helpful implementation tactics for the model in computer application courses. This study is to identify whether the six heutagogy design elements can be adapted to Heutagogy Online Learning Model to enhance the digital collaboration skills of students. A total of 12 experts were selected to analyze the fuzziness consensus of experts. All of the data obtained will be analyzed using the Fuzzy Delphi method. The findings show that all the heutagogy design elements are suitable to be adapted Heutagogy Online Learning Model to enhance the digital collaboration skills of students. The six heutagogy elements that explore, create, connect, share, reflect, and collaborate have reached unity with the threshold value of d ≤ 0.2 and the percentage of the expert group is more than 75%. Therefore, based on the consensus agreements, the development of Heutagogy Online Learning Model for enhancing the digital collaboration skills of students should be incorporated with the elements of heutagogy.


Recently, the product came from carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are very impressive due to their mechanical, electrical and thermal properties. This can lead to expend the usage of this carbon nanotube composite in many various ways, including the usage inside the advance manufacturing fields, especially on wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM). In WEDM, wire breaks are the main issue to be tackled. This research aims to study the feasibility of processing parameter that would affect the properties of the coated EDM wire with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) through electrophoretic disposition (EPD) process. This wire cutting tools, specifically brass, are being chosen to be the electrode in this process in order to insulate it with CNTs composite. By using Aqueous Solution (CNT/Ethanol) in
room temperature, the experiment is conducted and relaying on the process parameters such as polarity and supply voltage used. With the supply DC voltage of 20V, it is
sufficient to create the deposition effect on the brass wire. Duration on 30mins are seems relevant enough to allow the deposition process to occur with 0.5mg/L of CNTs. The usage of 0.3% PVA as a binder is optional. With the same distance along the two electrodes it provides the desire deposition compared to the non-linear distance between it. This EPD suspension with the brass wire as the electrode given the Anodic type of EPD. The formation of cylindrical shape of MWCNT with the SEM image deposition on brass wire
with Galvanize Iron as the counter electrode creating continuous twisting and bundles of MWCNT. A highly interconnected thin petal-like crystallites, forming relatively large grains in the shape of globular features with size larger than 1 μm when Graphite is acting as the counter electrode. Deposition of Galvanize Iron otherwise shows the most excellent deposition when SEM image provides a rearrangement of the MWCNT in a crystallinity of the nano-particles structure.


The Neotropics represent a hotspot for freshwater biodiversity with vast number of fish species of scarce ecological knowledge. This hold true for the Uruguay River, where fish assemblages and their diets remain unexplored. Fish assemblages were surveyed in 14 sites along its main course, from headwaters to mouth (approximately 1800 km), with the aim to identify the trophic roles of fish and to describe trophic structure of these assemblages. Following standardized samplings, diet was determined to perform a trophic classification of species. One hundred species (2309 gut contents) were analysed and classified into four trophic groups subdivided into eight lower-level groups: Piscivore, piscivore-invertivore, detritivore, omnivore-detritivore, omnivore-invertivore, omnivore-planktivore and omnivore-herbivore. The trophic structure of the assemblages varied along the river, with the relative species richness of fish consuming terrestrial invertebrates increasing towards the middle river section, probably driven by the large floodplains in that areas, supporting global theories such as flood pulse concept. This study describes the feeding habits of fish along the Uruguay River, being the first dietary description for 29 species. This knowledge is essential for management and conservation, serving as baseline in the context of future environmental changes and generates novel evidence about the functioning of ecosystems in this scarcely studied climatic region.


General comments The main problem of this paper is the lack of reference measured values which would allow a hierarchy between the methods. In the paper we can just conclude that the methods led to different results, which is not really a new result. Moreover, harmonic methods are stressed out as being the best methods. Since these methods are more flexible, offering a higher degree of freedom, they are expected to reproduce the temperature more precisely. This not proves that HM offers better results to estimate the soil thermal diffusivity. Finally, there is no error assessment on the retrieved thermal diffusivity. So in its present form, the paper is not conclusive enough to be published in HESSD. I recommend the author to resubmit a paper when the analysis includes reference values, measured using adequate sensors as thermal chamber or method based on artificial heating, or taken from literature. An error assessment on the thermal diffusivity should be added (temperature accuracy, exact location of temperature sensors ...) .


The lower excited singlet and triplet states of 9,10-anthraquinone-d0 and -d8 are examined in normal alkanes and in crystals at 4.2 K with the phosphorescence excitation method. The S←S0 and T←S0 excitation spectra are analyzed by considering environmental effects on and isotopic changes in the vibrational structure. The low energy region of the spectra can be explained without taking the Au origin in close proximity of the B1g origin into account. The latter origin band in the singlet and triplet spectra in hexane and in crystals, respectively, is weaker by a factor of 10−3–10−2 than the strongest vibronic band in the respective regions. No clear evidence has been found about the location of the singlet and triplet Au states in the excitation spectra.


The drying kinetics and moisture diffusivity of paddy are studied in a fluidised bed dryer in this article. Different values of temperatures of drying air (T) at 45°C, 50°C and 55°C, velocities of drying air (V) at 2m/s, 2.5m/s and 3 m/s and paddy inventory (I) of 2 kg and 3 kg are used for drying paddy. The moisture content of paddy is reduced to a final value of around 12% (wb) from an initial value of around 28% (wb). Results showed that as the temperature and velocity of drying air increased, the drying rate also increased whereas, the drying rate decreased with an increase in paddy inventory. The moisture diffusivity is found to be increased as temperature and velocity of drying air increases, but it decreases with the inventory. A regression equation is obtained from linear regression analysis relating effective moisture diffusivity with all the drying process variables. With increase in drying air velocity and paddy inventory, the average activation energy decreases.


Abstract Disclosure: J. Mendell: Employee; Self; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Stock Owner; Self; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Y. Wang: Employee; Self; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Stock Owner; Self; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. B.A. Olenchock: Employee; Self; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Stock Owner; Self; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. S. Podgrabinska: Employee; Self; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Stock Owner; Self; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. O.E. Pagovich: Employee; Self; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Stock Owner; Self; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. E.A. Oral: Advisory Board Member; Self; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Consulting Fee; Self; Third Rock Ventures, Rejuvenate Inc. Grant Recipient; Self; Amryt Pharamceuticals, Ionis Pharmaceuticals Inc., Gemphire Theraputics. Research Investigator; Self; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Novo Nordisk, Rhythm pharmaceuticals, Fractyl Laboratories, GI Dynamics. Other; Self; Has IP rights to Metreleptin manufactured by Amryt Pharmaceuticals and receives royalty payments. R.J. Brown: Research Investigator; Self; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. J. Davis: Employee; Self; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Stock Owner; Self; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Background: Generalized lipodystrophy (GLD) is characterized by deficiency of adipose tissue and, consequently, low levels of the adipose-derived hormone leptin. Leptin deficiency in GLD causes metabolic abnormalities and complications that are often refractory to treatment with usual glucose/lipid-lowering agents. Mibavademab is a first-in-class human leptin receptor (LEPR) agonist monoclonal antibody that activates LEPR. We investigated baseline serum leptin in patients with GLD, pharmacokinetics (PK) of mibavademab, and soluble LEPR (sLEPR) levels from a phase 2 study. Methods: In this phase 2 trial (NCT04159415), patients with GLD (≥12 yrs old) underwent a single-blind placebo run-in, followed by 1:1 randomization to one of two fixed sequence arms: Treatment A (placebo for 8 weeks, then mibavademab low dose for 8 weeks, then mibavademab high dose for 20 weeks) or Treatment B (mibavademab low dose for 8 weeks, then mibavademab high dose for 28 weeks). A loading dose of intravenous mibavademab was administered before low-dose treatment. Mibavademab and sLEPR concentrations in serum were serially measured during mibavademab treatment using validated bioanalytical methods. Results: Sixteen patients were enrolled with median body weight (BW) of 51 kg, corresponding to the approximate BW cut point for mibavademab. Baseline serum leptin was below the lower limit of quantitation (0.078 mg/L) in 5 patients with a median concentration of 0.345 mg/L (n=15). Baseline sLEPR concentrations with Treatments A and B were 30.6 and 33.9 μg/L, respectively. At Week 8, mean (SD) mibavademab trough concentrations (Ctrough) with Treatments A and B were 0 (0) and 1.61 (1.71) mg/L, respectively. Low-dose PK were less than predicted from a first in human study in healthy volunteers with higher leptin levels, reflecting higher target mediated clearance in patients with GLD. At Week 16, Ctrough for Treatments A and B increased to 2.31 and 43.0 mg/L, respectively, but were still below predicted. At Week 36, Ctrough for Treatments A and B were 60 (35.3) and 67.7 (44.2) mg/L, respectively. Clinically meaningful metabolic benefit (i.e reflected by reductions in fasting triglycerides and glycated hemoglobin) was observed at Week 36 with both Treatments A and B. Conclusions: Mibavademab concentrations by Week 36 were associated with clinically meaningful improvement in metabolic parameters. Presentation: Friday, June 16, 2023


A necessary and sufficient condition is obtained for a discrete multiplicity variety to be an interpolating variety for the space Ap(C ).


R esearch Aims: The study aims to examine the influence of financial literacy on the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach: The data were obtained from questionnaires distributed to 200 SME managers/owners. Multiple regression analysis was applied to test the influence of financial literacy on SMEs performance by controlling manager profile and SME-specific characteristics. Research Findings: Multiple regression results prove that financial literacy has a positive and significant impact on SMEs' performance. Managers/owners with financial literacy skills understand business-related financial concepts, including debt, savings, takaful, insurance, and investment, which ensure the good performance of their business. Theoretical Contribution/Originality: Similar research has been conducted outside Malaysia. However, there is a need to validate the financial literacy and SME performance relationship in the Malaysian environment due to differences in culture; ways of thinking; and legal, business, and political situations. These differences lead to different responses which then contribute to the way the effect of financial literacy on SME performance is explained. In addition, this study improves the consistency of the existing evidence on SME performance and expands the scope of the Resource-Based View (RBV) from the perspective of SMEs Research limitation & i mplications: Government agencies such as SME Corporation recognise the importance of financial literacy among entrepreneurs. Therefore, proactive efforts need to be accelerated to provide an adequate level of financial literacy among entrepreneurs. Furthermore, entrepreneurial finance can be introduced in formal and non-formal education to ensure that every layer of society enjoys the benefits regardless of their economic status.


The research about Mongolian Sendeng-four of the chemical composition,pharmacological effects,quality control,fingerprints and other modern research progress of literature review,further studies on the Mongolian and the promotion and development of applications for reference.


Detailed flow of a shrouded tail rotor in hover is studied by using a compressible inviscid flow solver on unstructured meshes. The numerical method is based on a cell-centered finite-volume discretization and an implicit Gauss-Seidel time integration. Numerical simulation is made for a single blade attached to the center body and guide by the duct by imposing a periodic boundary condition between adjacent rotor blades. The results show that the performance of an isolated rotor without shroud compares well with experiment. In case of a shrouded rotor, correction of the collective pitch angle is made such that the overall performance matches with experiment to account for the uncertainties of the experimental model configuration. Details of the flow field compare well with the experiment confirming the validity of the present method.


Received Aug 19, 2015 Revised Dec 22, 2015 Accepted Jan 27, 2016 Oscimum sanctum is herbal that was spread widely in Indonesia. Oscimum sanctum contains abundant of substances. One of the functions on Oscimum sanctum was anti-thrombocytes effect. This effect is associated with platelet function as a mechanical plug in the vascular injury during the normal homeostatic response. The disruption in thrombocytes function leads to disturb the blood clotting process. Therefore, The aims of the research were to prove the impact of Oscimum sanctum on the number of thrombocytes. This research used mice that divided into 3 groups, as a group I dose 250 mg/day (Oscimum sanctum infusion), group II dose 500 mg/day and the control group. We used clopidogrel as a positive control to determine the effectiveness of anti platelet effect. Data were analyzed by ANOVA showed that the existence of anti-thrombocyte effect in the Oscimum sanctum dose 500 mg/day was significantly different. This result proved that Oscimum sanctum has anti-thrombocytes effect by decreasing thrombocytes number. Keyword:


The development of ontologies is traditionally a process of building vocabularies and understanding complexities of a specific domain to link data and infer knowledge. However, this method does not always include the domain experts throughout the entire development process. This paper presents a Co-design framework as a structured methodology for ontology design and development. The framework, known as the Co-Designing Ontologies Methodology (C-DOM), presents a strategy to draw knowledge from the Subject Matter Expert (SME) without the SME needing to know any-thing about how to create an ontology. The C-DOM framework outlines a series of workshops that align to the layers of the Semantic Technologies architecture and has been developed via an iterative design process and tested in different domains with different levels of complexity and purpose. The first iteration focused on the creation of a light-weight ontology to link generic data in the incident and accident. The next iteration built a heavyweight ontology that included complex inference and reasoning within the urban water management domain. This paper describes the C-DOM in detail for re-use within the Semantic Technologies community and outlines its iterative development process undertake.1


successful kidney transplantation performed by Dr Joseph Murray in Boston in 1954. In a brief period of medical history, an unanticipated success has been widely achieved to propel live organ transplantation at the forefront of our experience. Perhaps as surprisingly, the relationship of the live donor to the recipient has changed from the former necessity of genetic identity to the now common transplant from an unrelated friend or spouse. The extent of this permissible but disparate relationship is also evident by the occasional transplantation that occurs from a living stranger unknown to the recipient. Live donor exchanges and live donor list exchanges are no longer out of the realm of ethical propriety for recipients incompatible with their donors because of blood type incompatibility. Thus, for many transplant centers, the annual number of live donor transplantations now exceeds the number performed from deceased donors. These developments and this issue of Progress in Transplantation are a testimony to a changed medical practice, and this widespread practice itself is indicative of mainstream medical and social approval. Never theless, the community is in great need of an ethical compass to guide live organ transplantation as it goes forward. This Progress in Transplantation compendium serves as a timely achievement for that objective, noteworthy because of its affirmation of live organ trans plantation in a period of ethical reflection and known for donor deaths. Thus, the proposal made by McQuarrie and colleagues (p 90) for dedicated care professionals whose primary interest is the well being of the donor, is an indispensable response to the excessive rate of donor complications that is occurring. The issues of donor advocacy, consent, and donor autonomy brought to attention by Linda Wright and her coeditors demand careful consideration (p 105). However, even with a seem ingly emphasized autonomy for patients in today's climate of medical consumerism, this compendium also underscores a professional accountability to perform live organ transplantation safely and with sound medical judgment. The pathway to living organ donation is except ional; yet a traditional doctor-patient relationship between the donor patient and the transplant physician should be established. This relationship brings a mutual responsibility of the physician and the donor to each other, which should not be abrogated by the claim of donor autonomy nor the obligation fostered by the recipient's need. The physician remains ultimately responsible for the decisions that affect the experience of his or her patient. Thus, a physician's decision not to perform donor surgery should prevail in those instances in which the proposed procedure is not consistent with ethical principles espoused in this compendium; that is, the estimation of donor risk and recipient benefit exceeds what is acceptable by a physician's judgment and by reported data. The lack of deceased organs has propelled a market for live organs throughout the world. However, the payment of money as a motivation for "donation" distorts the basis of the physician-patient relationship; and therefore, it disrupts the trust of each other. The sale of the organ then dictates practice irrespective of medical judgment. Organ sellers are now reported to know the difference between a traditional patient-physician relationship and the complicated interaction they have experienced, much to their regret. Nevertheless, as the prohibition of monetary enrichment should prevail, no live organ donor should bear out-of-pocket personal expense to be a live donor. Currently, donors may risk the loss of wages for the medical leave from work necessary to accomplish donation. Cheryl Jacobs and her colleagues address these issues by providing the framework for removing such disincentives (p 130). Dr Francis Moore, the pioneer transplant surgeon of Boston, predicted many years ago that live organ donation would challenge our ethical assumptions. Those assumptions (since the time of Hippocrates) have intuitively proclaimed that medical practice should be performed with a principal goal of restoring health. Placing a healthy live donor in harm's way defies that medical sensibility, particularly when proposed as a desperate remedy. Thus, perhaps not until the transplantation of xenografts is established as a routine practice, will these assumptions be challenged again. Hopefully at that time, organ transplantation from a live donor will become unacceptable and extinct. However, in the interval, as emphasized in this issue of Progress in Transplantation, let us provide the best of medical and social care for the live donor—not as the source of an organ, but as a patient.


1n this work. a 6 degree of freedom lumped mass model is constructed for an OHC-type cam valve train analysis. and the model is verified experimentally. Using the verified model.an
optimal cam profile is designed to minimize the maximum contact force between cam and follower under the constraints such as cam lift and cam event angle. The designed cam was
carefully machined and tested experimentally. As operating the designed cam shaft on the test rig. the valve motion was precisely measured with laser displacement meter and the contact force was indirectly monitored by measuring strain at a certain point of the finger follower. Judging from the model simulation and expenment results. the maxi mum contact force can be reduced as much as more then 20 percent under maintaining the original valve flow area by adopting the optimum cam profile.


Objective
To evaluate the relationship between propofol anesthesia and postoperative delirium and inflammatory responses of aged rats.

Methods
Twenty-four adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 18 months, weighing 550-650 g, were divided into 3 groups (n=8 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), propofol anesthesia for 2 h group (group P2) and propofol anesthesia for 4 h group (group P4). In P2 and P4 groups, anesthesia was maintained with propofol at a rate of 24 mg·kg-1·h-1 for 2 and 4 h, respectively, after anesthesia was induced with propofol.Morris water maze test was performed at 1 day before and after anesthesia.Blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected after the end of Morris water maze test for determination of interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), IL-4, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) concentrations in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The hippocampus and cortex were removed for determination of Iba-1 positive cells.

Results
Compared with group C and the baseline value before anesthesia, no significant change was found in the escape latency or percentage of time of staying at the original platform quadrant in P2 and P4 groups (P>0.05), the concentrations of IL-6 in cerebrospinal fluid and TNF-α in plasma were significantly decreased in group P2, the concentrations of IL-1β in cerebrospinal fluid and IL-4, IL-6 and TNF-α in plasma were significantly increased, and the concentrations of IL-1β in plasma and IL-4 in cerebrospinal fluid were decreased in group P4, and the number of hippocampal Iba-1 positive cells were significantly decreased in P2 and P4 groups (P<0.05 or 0.01).

Conclusion
Propofol anesthesia dose not induce postoperative delirium and central inflammatory responses within 4 h, and propofol can induce peripheral inflammatory responses when anesthesia time is longer than 2 h.

Key words:
Propofol; Aged; Delirium; Inflammation


In the media converging era, Public interest in broadcasting emphasizes the rational pricing in the subscription fees, Appling the Essential...


In outdoor microalgae cultivation, water quality monitoring is essential for identifying any existing problem or any issues that could emerge in the future. It is very helpful in maintaining the water parameters to its optimum level to prevent unexpected death of microalgae. In outdoor cultivation, the temperature of the environment is changing which makes the blooming of microalgae less predictable. Since the environment is not controlled, the monitoring of water quality status becomes more demanding. There is a need for a web-based Decision Support System (DSS) that allows monitoringof water quality anytime, anywhere; andpredicts future water quality.This study involves the development of a web-based software that allows entry of current values and predicts future values of the primary water quality parameters for outdoor microalgae cultivation: salinity and temperature. The value and status of the predicted salinity and temperature is based on historical data and current state using the similarity-based classification technique K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN). The DSS informs the user about the rise and fall of salinity and temperature either beyond or below standard level and gives suggestion of what action needs to be done to maintain the water quality parameters to optimum level. Cross validation is performed to determine the best fit parameter of 19, using the criteria of Mean Squared Error of regression in KNN. Using Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), the forecast accuracy rate of temperature and salinity are computed as 96.98% and 98.92% respectively. There is no significant difference between the suggested water to be added by the DSS and by the aquatic experts thus, the DSS can be utilized for water quality prediction.


Globalisation is transforming cities. Since the 1980s, private owners, developers and investors have played an instrumental role in defi ning urban transformation projects in London. The capital has a concentration of examples of this partner-led, negotiated urbanism, where the private sector is in a dominant position. Against this background, can the real estate offer still meet local needs in London or in other global cities?


To minimize the total film thickness and to make symmetric layer structures, the ultrathin symmetric Ta(1 nm)/Pt(1.7 nm)/ Co(<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$t$ </tex-math></inline-formula>)/Pt(1.7 nm)/Ta(1 nm) multilayers, where the Co thickness (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$t$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) was varied from 0.3 to 1.4 nm, were fabricated on Si substrate with a native oxide layer. The perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) was observed in the range of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$t = 0.3-0.9$ </tex-math></inline-formula> nm. The coercive field of ~16 mT for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$t =0.7$ </tex-math></inline-formula> nm and the domain wall velocity of ~<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$100 \mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/s for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$t \le0.6$ </tex-math></inline-formula> nm were comparable with those in previous reports. Surprisingly, as the Co thickness approached 0.9 nm, the domain wall velocity dropped dramatically to ~<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.1 \mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/s, and the magnetic domain structure shifted from big-circular domains to small-bubble domains. A change from PMA to easy-plane magnetic anisotropy around <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$t =0.95$ </tex-math></inline-formula> nm could be explained using the classic Kittel's model. Because of their good PMA, such ultrathin symmetric multilayers could be used in various spintronic applications.


We propose the Gaussian continuous-variable quantum key distribution using squeezed states in the composite channels including atmospheric propagation with transmittance fluctuations. We show that adjustments of signal modulation and use of optimal feasible squeezing can be sufficient to significantly overcome the coherent-state protocol and drastically improve the performance of quantum key distribution in atmospheric channels, also in the presence of additional attenuating and noisy channels. Furthermore, we consider examples of atmospheric links of different lengths, and show that optimization of both squeezing and modulation is crucial for reduction of protocol downtime and increase of secure atmospheric channel distance. Our results demonstrate unexpected advantage of fragile squeezed states of light in the free-space quantum key distribution applicable in daylight and stable against atmospheric turbulence.


The theological dimension to Bram Stoker's work is totally neglected and yet, like Maturin, Stoker can be shown to be seeking a mediation between Catholic and Protestant, and Irish and English, with The Snake's Pass an allegory of this proto-ecumenism. The influence of the Anglican idea of the via media, central to Victorian theology, is traced in his work, and compared with the influence of Walt Whitman's model of comradeship and nation. In particular, F. D. Maurice's inclusive ecclesiology is at work in Dracula, where the vampire acts as an Antichrist whose economy of substitutionary sacrifice is opposed by a union of Protestant word (diaries, typing) and Catholic sacramentals (Eucharistic host, etc.) and acts of mutual self-sacrifice and reciprocity such as the blood-transfusions. Maurice's questioning of eternal damnation and Gladstone's idea of immortal life as a gift are also important in a novel that aims to redeem even Dracula himself.


Botteng Village in Mamuju, West Sulawesi was known for the high natural background radiation exposure. Botteng Village inhabitants exposed to high natural radiation in their daily life. Radiation exposure can inhibit the mitosis mechanism at various phases. Our previous study revealed that mitotic and nuclear division indexes in Botteng Village inhabitants were lower compared to control samples. To validate our previous study results here we evaluate the binucleate index in peripheral blood lymphocytes of Botteng Village inhabitants. Blood samples were collected from thirteen healthy adult subjects in Botteng Village and thirteen healthy adult subjects in normal background radiation area. Binucleate index was calculated as the proportion of binucleated cell (BNC) in 500 cells for each sample. Our study showed that the BI in Botteng Village was higher compared to control group (23.58 ± 9.60 vs 23.47 ± 6.24). Statistical analysis revealed that the different was not significant ( p= 0.973). It is possible that the small sample numbers used in this study were not adequate to represent the BI value in Botteng Village inhabitants. This study also showed that there was insignificant difference of BI in respect to gender and age for all samples. Further study using larger sample number should be conducted to ensure the possibility of BI to evaluate the effect of chronic low radiation dose exposure on lymphocytes proliferation.


In most European countries health care, including care for the elderly, is based on the principle of solidarity. This principle is premised on deliberate and freely chosen unity among certain people, groups, or populations. It involves not only an awareness of unity, but also acceptance of the consequences of unity.[1] This choice was once limited to members of an individual's immediate group, for instance family, village, or social class. This "group solidarity" played an important role in the history of health insurance: workers, employees, or civil servants united voluntarily in sickness funds to safeguard themselves against the financial risks of disease and physical or mental handicap. Solidarity was not limited to health insurance, but was a basic principle in other social security schemes as well, like pension systems, unemployment insurance, and disability insurance and workers' compensation. In sociology and gerontology there is a debate as to whether solidarity, including solidarity across generations, still exists in our modern society.[2] In view of the breakdown of traditional bonds and groups, solidarity is said to have melted away as a unifying force within society. In fact, solidarity has not disappeared but rather has been transformed into another structure. The traditional solidarity of class and neighborhood has given way to a new dependency on bureaucratic structures of the state and other social institutions (for example, insurance companies). Instead of the personal relations that were dominant in traditional society (horizontal dependency), individuals are nowadays dependent on each other by way of collective arrangements of the state (vertical dependency).[3] These arrangements safeguard individuals against the uncertainties of human existence, for example, as a result of natural causes (disease, handicaps) or social causes (loss of income). Moreover, as society has changed into a loose community of individuals or small groups protected by the collective arrangements of the state, the old group solidarity of care and concern has been replaced by a new solidarity of interests that cuts across social categories. People now are sharing certain risks jointly with individuals belonging to other social categories out of clear self-interest. Such solidarity is not a consciously chosen unity with people in the same group, but a compulsory recognition of mutual self-interest enforced by the state. Nowadays, solidarity means the obligation to share the financial risks of illness and handicap with others not necessarily of one's own social group. In exchange for meeting their obligation to pay a premium, people have access to a broad package of health care services. Blaming the Elderly? Solidarity of interests is based on the principle of reciprocity: people share risks that are common to each other. The more commonplace the risk, the broader the base of solidarity. For uncommon risks or risks that are the result of irresponsible behavior, there is only a narrow base. In an era of limited resources, general solidarity across interest groups is giving way to a tendency to blame those whose irresponsible behavior or excessive claims for health care services effectively limit others' access to care. It is not unlikely that the elderly will be victimized in this way. Historically, attitudes toward the elderly have never been very positive and will almost inevitably become more negative in times of scarce resources. Because of their increasing demand for care and their dependency on others, the elderly are seen more and more as a burden on society. They occupy an increasing number of beds in the hospitals, which in some cases results in waiting lists for younger patients. Premiums for health insurance are rising, partly at least in order to pay the increasing costs of care for the elderly. The scarcity of institutional care and home care is putting pressure on families and neighbors to take care of dependent elderly persons informally. …


ObjectiveImpairment in auditory comprehension is one of the most common clinical symptoms of aphasia. Analysing the features of Chinese aphasics in auditory comprehension might be valueable to classify the types of aphasia, distinguish the difference between the Western aphasics and Chinese aphasics, and find out the neural mechanisms in the language processes in the brain. MethodsThe Standardized Aphasia Battery in Chinese and Additional Test of Auditory Comprehension were utilized, and the cerebral lesion of each case was demonstrated by CT scan or MRI. Results and Conclusions 1.Different types of aphasia indicate different damage grades in auditory comprehension impairment at each stage. 2. Posterior apasia and mixed aphasia indicate damages in the phonemic discrimination abilities. There are phonemic discrimination abilities preserved in Anterior aphasia and subcortical aphasia. 3. Anterior aphasia, posterior aphasia and mixed aphasia are at a different difficulty grades for lexical comprehension, especially for the discrimination to body parts. Subcortical aphasia doesn't demonstrate this feature that might be the characteristic in Chinese aphasics different from English aphasics. 4. The comprehension of the passive sentences is more difficult than that of the active sentences for all types of aphasics . 5. The damages are all severe in the story comprehension for all types of aphasics.


canulated drill of the same diameter. It is locked parallel to the joint in 3 different directions with angular stability with threaded wires. Materials and Methods: 16 radius sawbones were osteotomised corresponding to a A3 Fracture and stabilised with a angle stable plate (8) and XS nail (8). 1000 alternating load cycles from 20– 200N were performed and the deformation was registered. Also a FE analysis with the MSC Patran/Marc softwere were performed. Due to the results we developed a anatomically adapted XS radius nail. The results of the first 100 patients are presented. The clinical results of the first 100 patients treated with the XS Radius nail were prospectively analysed. Results: Both devices show good biomechanical results. Both types of osteosynthesis showed good stability. The deformation of the XS group however was 20% lower. Also the calculated deformation in the FE study was 20% lower. In the first 100 patients one partial loss pf reduction and two threaded wire breakage were observed. Conclusion: The XS nail has the advantage of mainly intraosseous position, simple operation technique with introduction over a guide wire from the proc. styloideus radii and over drillingwith a canulated drill of the same size as the nail.


ABSTRACT This article uses student activism to explore the way in which activists are challenging the student as consumer model through a series of experiments that blend pedagogy and protest. Specifically, I suggest that Higher Education is increasingly becoming an arena of the post-political, and I argue that one of the ways this student-consumer subjectivity is being (re)produced is through a series of 'depoliticization machines' operating within the university. This article goes on to claim that in order to counter this, some of those resisting the neoliberalization of higher education have been creating political-pedagogical experiments that act as 'repoliticization machines', and that these experiments countered student-consumer subjectification through the creation of new radical forms of subjectivity. This paper provides an example of this activity through the work of a group called the Really Open University and its experiments at blending, protest, pedagogy and propaganda.


Tradition vs technology a new attitude towards aesthetics redefining the role of architecture and urbanism in a post-industrial society educational stratagem energy and resource considerations.


Abstract : A statistical analysis is made on the use of the mean of a symmetrically trimmed sample as an indicator of location. The use of the total sum of squares of deviations of the same trimmed sample as an indicator of the variability of the trimmed mean is explored. The increase in variance (of the trimmed mean as compared with the untrimmed mean) when trimming samples from an exactly normal distribution is found to be less than 3%, 6%, 9%, and 14%, respectively, when a total of 1/10, 2/10, 3/10/ or 4/10 of the sample is trimmed away. The loss of normaltheory efficiency is given for all symmetric trimmings of samples of size is less than or equal to 20. The appropriate divisor, by which the trimmed sum of squares of deviations is to be divided to obtain an estimate of the variance of the trimmed mean, is given in tabular summary.


In July 2018, in the estuary area of the Sura River (a tributary of the first order of the Cheboksary reservoir, Nizhny Novgorod oblast, Russia) was record a tropical alien co-pepod Thermocyclops taihokuensis Harada, 1931 (Copepoda: Cyclopoida). Information about the discovery of this species in the European part of Russia is extremely scarce. There is only one report of the discovery of this species in the lower reaches of the Volga River. The main habitat of T. taihokuensis is distributed in East and Central Asia, as well as tropical regions. The paper presents a brief description of T. taihokuensis with updated drawings. The records in the estuarine area of the Sura River T. taihokuensis females had an average size of 1060±20 pm. The spread of tropical crustaceans beyond their natural habitat appears to be linked to human activities and the transport of ballast water by ships. In addition, the concept of zoochoria suggests that the settlement of this species may be associated with the transfer of resting stages of T. taihokuensis by migratory species of waterfowl. Thus, migration routes of various bird species from the Arctic and temperate climatic zones to subtropical and tropical regions pass over European Russia. Alien species have high phenotypic and ecological plasticity and are able to introduce ecosystems into imbalance. That is why new studies of the Sura River and the Cheboksary reservoir will help not only to judge the success of the naturalization of T. taihokuensis, but also about the environmental consequences of the penetration of this species into the territory of the European part of Russia.


The Cr-doped ZnO photocatalysts were synthesized through the chromium ion accumulations by water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). In the preparation process, the plant tissues were immersed in different sample flasks containing chromium precursors for 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 days. The plant tissue containing chromium ion was mixed with zinc precursor followed by calcinations. For simplicity, the prepared Cr-doped ZnO samples with the plant immersed for 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 days were abbreviated as D1, D2, D4, D6, and D8, respectively. Moreover, pure ZnO was also prepared without the water hyacinth plant accumulated with chromium ion for comparison purposes. The powder sample characterizations were performed and evaluated in the degradation of methylene blue (MB). The Cr-doped ZnO sample (D1) degrades 80% of MB dye while the D2, D4, D6, D8, and pure ZnO samples degrade only 74, 76, 79, 73, and 25%, respectively. On the other hand, without the addition of catalysts (blank), there was no significant degradation of MB dye within 90 min irradiation. Therefore, the degradation performance of Cr-doped ZnO in the presence of optimum amount of chromium dopant and water hyacinth is highly improved than that of pure ZnO. The catalytic improvement may be as a result of reducing the photogenerated electron and hole recombination rates due to the presence of dopants. Moreover, the presence of the Eichhornia crassipes plant in the synthesis of Cr-doped ZnO could also prevent further aggregations and particle size growth and enhance the porosity after calcination.


The evolution of electromobility requires an increase in the energy supply to charge electric vehicles. This paper demonstrates the impact of these charging operations, resulted from studies conducted in the city of São Luis, in Northeast Brazil. The study is conducted in a scenario which forecasts the number of electric vehicles and energy consumption segmented by fleet types until 2030. One of the objectives pursued was the creation of a demand profile based on a survey conducted among electric vehicle drivers. According to the Bass diffusion model implemented, the fleet will reach 17,700 electric vehicles in 2030 and will represent 7.80% of the power demanded in the city during peak demand hours. A growth rate of 46.18% should occur between 2025 and 2030. The forecast of energy consumption with the charge of electric vehicles is 123.27 TWh by 2030, approximately 16.37 % of the total Brazilian consumption.


Objective: To assess the nutritional status of women in urban and semi-urban regions of Gujarat. Methodology: A cross-sectional study on 605 women (aged 18 50 years) from urban and semi urban region was conducted in Gujarat, Western India. The parameters analyzed were anthropometry and body composition. Assessment of nutritional status was performed using BMI to evaluate percentage underweight, overweight and obesity. The analysis was stratified for the regions (urban or semi-urban) and type of occupation (students, housewives, working women). Chi square test was used to estimate percentage prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity amongst different groups of women. Results: Students from urban region had higher mean BMI (21.4 ± 3.7 kg/m2) and PBF (29.5 ± 5.9%) as compared to students of semi urban region (BMI: 19.8 ± 3.7 kg/ m2; PBF: 26.0 ± 6.1%) (p < 0.05). Homemakers of urban region showed significantly lower BMI (24.7 ± 4.3 kg/m2) and PBF (34.8 ± 6.2%) as compared to homemakers of semi-urban region (BMI: 26.0 ± 4.8 kg/m2; PBF: 36.6 ± 6.2%) (p < 0.05). Working women group in both regions did not differ significantly for their BMI and PBF (p > 0.05). Students of semi-urban region showed high percentage of underweight (43.60%) as compared to students of urban region (19%) (p < 0.05). While in homemakers of semi-urban region 41% overweight and 19% obesity was observed whereas, in urban region it was 31% and 12% respectively (p < 0.05). Percentage of underweight, overweight and obesity was not significantly different in working women amongst two regions (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The study indicated coexistence of obesity and under-nutrition in semi-urban region of Gujarat. These dual nutritional health problems are developing specially in urbanizing areas of our country. *Corresponding author: Pinal Patel, Department of Biotechnology, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan 384265, Gujarat, India, Tel: +91-9427800219; E-mail: email@example.com Received Date: November 23, 2016 Accepted Date: December 13, 2016 Published Date: December 19, 2016


| Scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) uses ionic currents for topography imaging to study surface details in living cells. This type of scanning probe microscopy has proven to be a powerful tool for the deeper understanding of biological systems, with a large branch of applications. Here, we describe an innovative design and construction of a SICM from scratch. In this respect, the project involves all mechanical design and instrumentation, as well as the creation of an electrochemical system that generates the low current used in the measurements. A new control system, including the acquisition software and hardware communication, has been created. Complementary, a compact software that simulates SICM imaging modes and characterize pipettes was developed. Towards the end, we evaluate the scanning performance for of an innovative sensitive backstep hopping mode. An accurate tracking of the setpoint during a measurement was reported for the scanning of complex and non-adherent structures, under the diffraction limit.


Objective To investigate the clinical observation of liver tumor by in situ liver resection therapy. Methods From 2008January--2013 year in December were treated in our hospital 30 cases of HCC patients as the research object, the retrospective analysis of the clinical data. Results Of the 30 patients, 20 cases(66.7%) patients successfully placed around the liver carry in operation; 10 cases underwent right hepatic resection, 8 patients underwent right hepatic resection and 2 patients underwent right diaphragmatic muscle, liver and right hemicolectomy, 6 cases underwent left hepatic resection in 2 cases, resection of left hepatic and a full stomach and part the pancreas, 2 cases underwent left hepatic resection and jejunum. The mean operation time was(169.2±35.4) min, the amount of bleeding in operation for an average of(1782.6±349.2) ml. After operation for a period of 2 years of follow-up, 2 patients died within 1 years, 6 patients died within 2 years. Conclusion Liver tumors by in situ certainly hepatectomy operation treatment effect, high safety, convenient operation, is worth the clinical promotion.


This research focuses on the challenges faced students in doing teaching training practice. The objective of this study was to find out the challenges faced by the English Department students   in doing teaching training practiceat school during the pandemic covid 19 time. This research used descriptive qualitative method. The population of this study is English students of UKI Toraja. The population was selected by using snowball sampling technique. To collect data the writer used interviews .Then the data is analyzed using four main phases, namely collection,reduction, data display, and conclusion.Based on the results of research through interviews, the researcher found that there were some challenges faced by English depertment students of UKI Toraja in doing teaching training practice at school during pandemic covid-19 time. They are learning of short time, Inability to manage students' behavior, lack of routine in the classroom, difficulty in encourage critical thinking on the students, difficulty inplementing approaches and strategies in learning, none extra and intervetion activities, difficulty in present instructional materials. In summary there were seven challenges faced by English department students of UKI Toraja in doing teaching training


Introduction: It can be established that osteoarthrosis of the knee (KOA) is a chronic disorder characterized by joint pain, increasing physical disability and progressive degeneration of the cartilage, which is associated with a greater disability and therefore leads to a loss of quality of life. It is known that more than 50% of the population over 65 years of age presents some type of osteoarthrosis, with the joint most affected by the knee, with an incidence of 240 / 100,000 people / year. Objective: the present publication was presented with the objective of knowing the benefits of hyaluronic acid in patients suffering from mild to moderate KOA through bibliographic review of different websites whose articles are indexed in the Scimago page, in order to have a better training focus on updated inquiry that will be useful for health personnel. Methodology: We searched for academic articles indexed in electronic databases where we chose meta-analysis or systematic review published basically the last two years that are within the research levels between quartiles Q1 and Q2. Conclusion: The best evidence suggests that HA is an effective intervention in the treatment of knee osteoarthrosis without increasing the risk of adverse effects. Therefore, the evidence supports the use of HA in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. Although more studies with statistical size effect are still needed to rate clinical efficacy.


Investigations were carried out in 2000 and 2001 to assess the impact of four farming systems on the content of biologically active substances and different forms of nitrogen in the soils. The transformation of bound amino acids and the total amount of free phenolic acids, urease activity as well as the total nitrogen, concentration of ammonium, nitrate, organic carbon, and humus in the soils were related to the choice of the farming systems. The highest concentration of bound amino acids, lysine and β-alanine, the total nitrogen, organic carbon, and humus in soils was found in ecological and conventional systems. It was confirmed that the increase of free phenolic acids in the soils of continuous cropping of winter wheat was followed by the decrease of the yearly mean concentrations of urease activity, the total amount of bound amino acids, the total nitrogen and grain yields, weight of 1000 grains, and number of ears m -2 . The conventional system affects the increase of the yearly mean concentrations of the total amount of bound amino acids, the ammonium ions, and the grain yield, weight of 1000 grains, number of ears m -2 and the decrease of the total amount of free phenolic acids in the soils.


The explicit and tacit knowledge of workers constitute as valuable resources, as they enable organizations to perform their functions successfully. Such knowledge is derived from the qualification and experience of workers. On the other side, there are factors that favor the loss of this knowledge in organizations, as for example, the natural aging of workers and consequently the retirement and staff turnover. Because of these reasons, it becomes important for any organization to seek the preservation of its explicit and tacit knowledge. The Knowledge Management seeks to assist in the tasks of identification, organization, preservation and transmission of such knowledge. At the Nuclear Engineering Institute, three systems were developed and implemented to help in the Knowledge Management area: CarpeDIEN, a repository of research data based on the DSpace software; the "Nuclear Energy in Magazines", a peer-reviewed academic journals management system based on the Open Journal Systems software; and WikiIEN, a wiki based on the MediaWiki software. Each of these systems presents a different proposal and workflow. The objective of this paper is to present the characteristics of each system, a method to compare them based on criteria presented in the literature and to point their weaknesses. The results showed that the method is a proactive tool to provide a basis for choosing the most appropriate system for a given need in an organization.


To test the validity of findings about the nature of masculinity and femininity in the preschool years reported by Vroegh, Jenkin, Black, and Handrich, Most Masculine and Least Masculine boys and Most Feminine and Least Feminine girls were selected from teachers' pair comparisons and rated by teachers on 60 personality variables. Regression weights from the earlier study were used to calculate discriminant scores for each child. A 2-way analysis of variance between discriminant scores for MM and LM boys rated by 2 groups of teachers was computed. The same analysis was computed for girls' scores. The findings of the earlier study were found to be valid, indicating that MM preschool boys tend to be more extraverted, competent, and socially adjusted than LM boys and that MF preschool girls tend to be more socially adjusted, competent, and introverted than LF girls.


Landfill Leachate Treatment of wastewater is a difficult.By Rongjiang County of Guizhou Province handling solid waste sanitary landfill leachate collection and treatment system project designed to introduce,the nature and treatment of landfill leachate process was described and summarized.Focus on "Pretreatment+MBR+RO" process in the treatment of landfill leachate and advantages.


Yun Dushu(1533~1601), who lived under the rule of King Sunjo, put the sprit of Sarim into action and was one of the great officials. It has been considered that he was a competent statesman and a person of great vision, and dedicated a sincere loyalty to the Joseon. He was basically a Confucian and participated in the government while carrying over the sprit of Dohak(道學) it during the middle of the Joseon dynasty. In particular, he was a great minister during the reign of King Sunjo, and was regarded as a person who made efforts to embody the Confucian thought in the actual world. He was in the middle of factional disputes, but played a great role in overcoming the disturbance of the Imjin War, which gave him a reputation of loyalty and wisdom. Especially, he worshiped the value of loyalty, which Sarim put a great emphasis on, valued loyalty, and made efforts to put loyalty into action during the Imjin War. Also, he loved and pacified the people as a way to exercise the Dohak(道學) and the spirit of Sarim. Sarim's aiming at Dohak(道學) is not different from other Confucian scholars. In the early Joseon dynasty, Jeng Dozhen, based on the idea of Confucian government theorized by Zhu Xi, established social, political and legal systems of the Joseon dynasty. Also, Gwon Guen did his best to spread the value of Confucianism and educated people. However, it is the Confucianspirit to put moral government into the realty and out injustice and corruption out of existence that Sarim succeeded in forming their own tradition over one hundred years. He is a typical scholar-official to put the Way into the reality, who advanced in the government when Sarim took parts in the government in earnest. In other words, the fact that he loved people and was loyal shows that he tried put the Dohak(道學) into action. At the same time, ms achievement may be a reason why the Dohak(道學), the genuine Joseon Confucianism, is a practical learning(實學).


A brief summary is presented of our current knowledge of the structure of cold molecular cloud cores that do not contain protostars, sometimes known as starless cores. The most centrally condensed starless cores are known as pre-stellar cores. These cores probably represent observationally the initial conditions for protostellar collapse that must be input into all models of star formation. The current debate over the nature of core density profiles is summarised. A cautionary note is sounded over the use of such profiles to ascertain the equilibrium status of cores. The magnetic field structure of pre-stellar cores is also discussed.


"Shi-shi Qiu-shi",as an practical attitude on study,created in the Chunqiu Dynasty and was weakened in Song and Ming Dynasty,so it was connected with "Jing-shi Zhi-yong".It developed in the Han period on Guwen and Jinwen Jingxue,which had different emphasis point in study.When it came to the Qing Dynasty,"Shi-shi Qiu-shi" was been valued again,and Zeng Guofan added some new things to it,thus made it possible to absorbed western ideas.All the contributions the ancestors id do good to Mao Tsedong' new explain to "Shi-shi Qiu-shi".