This paper explains how to solve the problem that the foam dedusting agent is not able to dedust efficiently according to its low foaming rate and poor wettability and finally obtains an optimal formula of foam dedusting agent. We first studied the mechanism of foam dedusting and learned that the process of foam-dedusting is comprised of interception, adhesion, wetting, and sedimentation. Then the optimal formula named Foam Dedusting Agent CNSD-1 were obtained, which is comprised of Sodium Dodecyl sulfate being foaming agent, Soluble starch being foam stabilizer, Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate being wetting agent, by an advanced ROSS-Miles experiment and contact angle measurement. The mass concentration of the three kind of powders respectively are 0.5%, 0.06% and 0.3%. Through the field application the conclusion can be draw that the total coal dust dedusting percentage of it is 96.35% and the respiratory coal dust dedusting percentage of it is 86.08%, the Effect is remarkable.


The Sleep Inertia Questionnaire (SIQ) was developed and validated in patients with mood disorders to evaluate difficulties with becoming fully awake after nighttime sleep or daytime naps in a multidimensional manner. However, few data are available regarding its psychometric properties in clinical samples with sleep disorders.

 211 patients (43.0±16.4 years old, 68% female, 17% minority) evaluated at the Behavioral Sleep Medicine (BSM) program of Penn State Health Sleep Research & Treatment Center completed the SIQ. All patients were diagnosed using ICSD-3 criteria, with 111 receiving a diagnosis of chronic insomnia disorder (CID), 48 of a central disorder of hypersomnolence (CDH), and 52 of other sleep disorders (OSD). Structural equation modelling was used to conduct confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the SIQ.

 CFA supported four SIQ dimensions of "physiological", "cognitive", "emotional" and "response to" (RSI) sleep inertia with adequate goodness-of-fit (TLI=0.90, CFI=0.91, GFI=0.85, RMSEA=0.08). Internal consistency was high (α=0.94), including that of its dimensions (physiological α=0.89, cognitive α=0.94, emotional α=0.67, RSI α=0.78). Dimension inter-correlations were moderate to high (r=0.42–0.93, p<0.01), indicating good construct validity. Convergent validity showed moderate correlations with Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) scores (r=0.38) and large correlations with Flinders fatigue scale (FFS) scores (r=0.65). Criterion validity showed significantly (p<0.01) higher scores in subjects with CDH (69.0±16.6) as compared to those with CID (54.4±18.3) or OSD (58.5±20.0). A SIQ cut-off score ≥57.5 provided a sensitivity/specificity of 0.77/0.65, while a cut-off score ≥61.5 provided a sensitivity/specificity of 0.71/0.70 to identify CDH vs. ESS<10 (AUC=0.76).

 The SIQ shows satisfactory indices of reliability and construct validity in a clinically-diverse sleep disorders sample. Its criterion validity is supported by its divergent association with hypersomnia vs. insomnia disorders, as well as its adequate sensitivity/specificity to identify patients with CDH. The SIQ can help clinicians easily assess the complex dimensionality of sleep inertia and target behavioral sleep treatments. Future studies should confirm the best SIQ cut-off score by including good sleeping controls, while clinical studies should determine its minimal clinically important difference after pharmacological or behavioral treatments.
 Support (if any):


Objective
To study the chemical constituents of the red heartwood of the stems and roots of Caragana changduensis.

Methods
The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by means of several column chromatographic techniques,and their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods.

Results
Ten compounds were isolated and identified as kushenin( 1),( 6aR,11aR)-3-hydroxy-4,9-dimethoxy-pterocarpan( 2),(-)-4-methoxymaackiain( 3),(-)-homopterocarpin( 4),2,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid( 5),2-methoxy-4-ethoxybenzoic acid( 6),3-acetyl-oleanolic acid( 7),7-hydroxy-2,3-dimethylchromone( 8),liquiritigenin( 9),and β-sitosterol( 10).

Conclusion
Compounds 1,3,5,7,and 8 are obtained from this genus for the first time. All the compounds are obtained from this plant for the first time.


From 1st january 2005 the fiscal code inserted a simplifying measures about collecting the tax of added value for lands, buildings, waste products, woods and animals trade. The achievement way consist in enroling on the invoice the words "reversed tax", both of the trade parteners continueing to cash the debts without the relevant tax of added value. Even the method is simple the results is remarkable in tax managing and collecting and more.


A BSTRACT Background Perioperative myocardial ischemia is the single most important potentially reversible risk factor for mortality and cardiovascular complications after noncardiac surgery. Although more than 1 million patients have such complications annually, there is no effective preventive therapy. Methods We performed a randomized, doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial to compare the effect of atenolol with that of a placebo on overall survival and cardiovascular morbidity in patients with or at risk for coronary artery disease who were undergoing noncardiac surgery. Atenolol was given intravenously before and immediately after surgery and orally thereafter for the duration of hospitalization. Patients were followed over the subsequent two years. Results A total of 200 patients were enrolled. Ninety-nine were assigned to the atenolol group, and 101 to the placebo group. One hundred ninety-four patients survived to be discharged from the hospital, and 192 of these were followed for two years. Overall mortality after discharge from the hospital was significantly lower among the atenolol-treated patients than among those who were given placebo over the six months following hospital discharge (0 vs. 8 percent, P 0.001), over the first year (3 percent vs. 14 percent, P 0.005), and over two years (10 percent vs. 21 percent, P 0.019). The principal effect was a reduction in deaths from cardiac causes during the first six to eight months. Combined cardiovascular outcomes were similarly reduced among the atenolol-treated patients; event-free survival throughout the two-year study period was 68 percent in the placebo group and 83 percent in the atenolol group (P 0.008). Conclusions In patients who have or are at risk for coronary artery disease who must undergo noncardiac surgery, treatment with atenolol during hospitalization can reduce mortality and the incidence of cardiovascular complications for as long as two years after surgery. (N Engl J Med 1996;335:1713-20.)


The Wards of Public Guardians: Voices of the Unbefriended* This study sought to understand the perspective of public guardianship wards (e.g., adults reduced to the legal status of a minor child), for whom public guardians, through court authority, should act as a concerned family member regarding the wards' decision making. Grounded in democratic theory, four research questions guided this investigation: How satisfied are the wards of public guardians? To what extent do wards perceive that public guardians uphold the ethical values of autonomy and dignity when working on their behalf? How are public guardians responsive to and representative of their clients? What is the nature of guardian-ward interactions? Data from ward interviews, participant observation, case files, and agency documents were used. Qualitative analysis revealed that wards came from a variety of backgrounds, had feelings of loneliness and fear, and did not understand or were not necessarily satisfied with the efforts of their public guardians. Key Words: family, law, public guardianship, wards. Annie Scott's room has a bulletin board that is full of pictures, cards, and a certificate from the Army with her husband's picture on it. Her husband died over 10 years ago, and their only child survived only 5 days. There is also a calendar in her room, which faces blue Appalachian mountains. Pink and red balloons hang from the call button in her room. She sits in a wheelchair in a nursing home. Her meager monthly income consists of $335 from Social Security and a $90 Veteran's pension. Born in 1910, Annie's life is anything but typical. She admitted that she was an abused child, "I was adopted and at eight months old, my mother throwed me away. She did." She was not hesitant to show the scar she retained from being thrown against a grate by her mother. Her medical diagnoses are few, only arthritis and dementia. Annie can be cantankerous; nurses' notes in her chart revealed that she had recently slapped a nurse. She craves attention. Annie's public guardian is appointed guardian of person and property. Annie does not like the facility in which she is living, but she cannot make up her mind about where she would prefer to move. She is quick to tell her guardian about her need for shoes and clothes, and she asks her if she can get her out of the nursing home. She insisted, "There are a lot of crazy people here. I try to stay away from them." She wants her freedom. She sighed, "I'd give anything in the world if they'd let me get out of here and give me an apartment. If they'd give me my money. I've been keeping house all these years. My mind has come back. I remember everything." The case of Annie Scott illustrates the delicate and complex issues at the heart of the guardianship of an adult, or the legally appointed role of living the decisional life of another person. Guardianship is a function of the courts and hinges on a judicial determination of a person's inability to make decisions regarding his or her person, property, or both (Schmidt, 1995). Guardianship is derived from the doctrine of parens patriae, or the duty of the sovereign to care for citizens who cannot care for themselves. The tasks of guardianship are highly individuated, because, in order to understand the voices of the wards, one must first understand guardianship, or the legal authority of a guardian and his or her relationship with a ward. Although the rights that an incapacitated person loses may be either plenary (total) or limited, the majority of guardianships are plenary in nature (Hommel, 1996). Thus, when the guardianship is plenary, the ward typically loses the rights to vote, drive, change locations, marry, control finances, transfer property, and make health-care decisions. In essence, a ward is reduced to the legal status of a minor child. A guardian, who may be either private (e.g., family members, friends, attorneys, accountants, professional guardians) or public (e. …


Abstract Background and Objectives Uncomplicated urinary tract infection (uUTI) is a common, usually community-acquired bacterial infection. Little is known about risk factors for disease progression (defined here as hospitalization for Escherichia coli sepsis, bacteraemia or acute pyelonephritis) among patients with uUTI. We report the baseline demographic and clinical characteristics among female uUTI patients with/without disease progression in England. Methods This retrospective cohort study utilized anonymized patient data from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2019 from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) database linked to English Hospital Episode Statistics data. Eligible patients were female, aged ≥12 years, had received an index diagnosis for a community-acquired uUTI, had ≥12 months' CPRD data history, and had received ≥1 oral antibiotic within ±5 days of diagnosis. Patients were excluded if they had complicated UTI or complicating comorbidities, were hospitalized/visited an accident and emergency department 28 days prior to index or had received IV antibiotics as initial therapy. uUTI episodes were defined as the 28 days post-index (Figure 1). Descriptive patient (demographic and clinical characteristics), region and practice-level characteristics in the 12 month baseline period are presented for patients with/without disease progression. Figure 1. Study design. HES, Hospital Episode Statistics. Results Among 116793 female patients with a uUTI, 207 were hospitalized for E. coli sepsis, bacteraemia or acute pyelonephritis within 28 days of index (0.2%). The mean age (SD) for patients with/without progression was 67.3 (20.2) and 52.9 (21.1), respectively; 81% and 34% of patients with/without progression were ≥50 years old. Imbalances were observed for comorbid burden, baseline medications, initial presentation (i.e. home visit requirement) and prior antimicrobial treatment (Table 1). Few regional or practice-level differences were apparent (Table 1). Table 1. Patient (demographic and clinical characteristics), region and practice-level variable distribution between uUTI patients without and with hospitalization for uUTI disease progression Variable description/Statistic or category Patient subgroups no disease progression (N=116586) disease progression (N=207) N % N % Patient-level  Age at diagnosis, years, mean (SD) 52.9 (21.1) – 67.3 (20.2) –  Age at diagnosis   ≥12 to <16 711 0.6 0 0   ≥16 to <30 19861 17 15 7.2   ≥30 to <40 16682 14 13 6.3   ≥40 to <50 15184 13 11 5.3   ≥50 to <60 24512 21 42 20   ≥65 39636 34 126 61  Age at diagnosis (pooled)   <50 52438 45 39 19   ≥50 39636 34 168 81  Charlson comorbidity index, mean (IQR) 0 (0, 0) – 0 (0, 1) –  Charlson comorbidity category   0 95944 82 134 65   1 18007 15 58 28   2 2300 2 12 5.8   ≥3 335 0.3 <5  Race/ethnicity, N (%)   Asian or Asian British 5161 4.4 6 2.9   Black or Black British 3287 2.8 6 2.9   Chinese or other group 1995 1.7 <5 -   Ethnic group not recorded 22781 20 43 21   White 41340 35 73 35  Number of hospital admissions in prior year, mean (IQR) 0 (0, 0) – 0 (0, 0) –  Number of A&E attendances in prior year, mean (IQR) 0 (0, 1) – 0 (0, 1) –  Smoking status   Non-smoker 72546 62 119 57   Ex-smoker 27084 23 62 30   Smoker 16956 15 26 13  Menopausal status, yes 34072 29 60 29  Obesity, yes 13858 12 33 16  Mild/moderate renal impairment, yes 2262 1.9 10 4.8  Controlled diabetes (HgA1C <6.5/7%), yes 2451 2.1 14 6.8  History of recurrent uUTI, yes 4937 4.2 11 5.3  Prior antimicrobial treatment (any), yes 70274 60 150 72  Cumulative antimicrobial prescriptions, median (IQR) 1 (0, 2) – <5 – Region-level  Quintiles of index of multiple deprivation   Q1 (least deprived) 26869 23 42 20   Q2 23597 20 39 19   Q3 22273 19 38 18   Q4 22085 19 46 22   Q5 (most deprived) 21762 19 42 20  Rural-urban area classification   Rural 15416 13 30 14   Urban 101170 87 177 86 Practice-level  Practice size   Small (<8000 patients) 30783 26 56 27   Medium (8000–11000 patients) 25377 22 44 21   Large (>11000 patients) 60426 52 107 52 Percentage values do not add up to 100% for ethnicity as these data were not available for all patients and mixed ethnicity is not shown due to limited interpretability. A&E, accident and emergency; HgA1C, glycated haemoglobin; Q, quintile. Conclusions Hospitalization following uUTI is rare in this study, however, at a population level, this still affects a large number of female patients. Coding limitations meant potentially linked admissions (e.g. falls and confusion) could not be identified. Hospitalizations appear to be driven by patient factors rather than regional differences or practice patterns. The role of these putative risk factors for disease progression will be explored further via multivariable logistic regression analysis.


The invention relates to a thermal treatment method for an internal-tin method Nb3Sn superconducting wire. The method is technically characterized by comprising the following steps of: winding the internal-tin method Nb3Sn superconducting wire thoroughly cleaned by using alcohol or acetone on a magnetic hysteresis loss test skeleton; putting an assembled sample into a vacuum chamber of a vacuum argon filled thermal treatment furnace, and closing the vacuum chamber; vacuumizing till the vacuum degree is below 5*10 Pa; and then performing a thermal treatment process, wherein the process parameter is 210 DEG C*50h+340 DEG C*25h+450 DEG C*25h+575 DEG C*(100-150)h+650 DEG C*(50-80)h, and the heating rate is DEG C per hour. The internal-tin method Nb3Sn superconducting wire thermally treatedby adopting the method has the characteristics of low core wire lapping degree and low magnetic hysteresis loss.


The influence of myristyl alcohol (CH3(CH2)13OH), cetyl alcohol (CH3(CH2)15OH) and behenyl alcohol (CH3(CH2)21OH) on the structure, morphology, size and surface properties of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) has been investigated. Changes in the nature of the washing solvent, in the CnOH/Ca2+ and CO32−/Ca2+ molar ratios and in temperature have been also evaluated. The sole polymorph produced was rhombohedral calcite. At room temperature, while microspheres composed of submicrocubes were produced at a high molar ratio CO32−/Ca2+ and low CH3(CH2)15OH concentration, a stoichiometric molar ratio CO32−/Ca2+ and high CH3(CH2)15OH concentration induced the formation of microcubes and microboxes. In the presence of this alkanol (12 % molar) a significant enhancement of the water contact angle (ca. 40 °) resulted in a sample obtained with a stoichiometric CO32−/Ca2+ ratio. These results emphasize the key role played by the three non‐ionic surfactants in the formation of materials with variable crystal shape and wettability and thus technological interest for a range of applications.


The bath voltages of chromium plating were studied at various concentrations of CrO3 and under various plating conditions.The following results were obtained:(1) A higher bath voltage was required for a CrO3 bath of lower concentration. When the voltage of CrO3 250g/l bath was taken as the standard, the voltage required was about 2 times for 50g/l bath, about 4 times for 25g/l bath, and about 6 times for 12.5g/l bath at 1l beaker test.(2) Assuming that the hypothetical value of resistance voltage of chromium plating bath calculated from its conductivity is Eohm and the real value is E'ohm, the following relation was derived:k=Eohm/E'ohm=K/K'=(2.4±0.2)l1/3where K and K': Hypothetical and real cell constants, respectivelyl: Distance between electrodes(3) Accordingly, k was called cell constant ratio.


The holonic manipulator, characterized by autonomous built-in controllers distributed in its mechanical structure is introduced. One of the advantages of the holonic manipulator is a drastic decrease in wiring complexity within the manipulator. Another advantage is its high reliability. Due to a distributed controller and a double network, the reliability of the holonic manipulator is 'scalable'. Programming the manipulator requires the coordination of the built-in controllers. Several methods for controller coordination are introduced and discussed. Finally, the application of micro-machine technology to the holonic manipulator is discussed as a most promising future direction.<<ETX>>


Because Java has a built-in support for multi-threading and thread-synchronisation, parallel Java applications that are traditionally executed on a single Java Virtual Machine (JVM) can be constructed easily. Because of the emergence of cluster computing that are a cost-effective substitute for multi-core computers, there have been different approaches for developing a distributed runtime environment to run Java application in parallel. In this thesis we added a distributed runtime system to an open-source JVM called Jikes Research Virtual Machine to provide a true parallel execution environment for multi-threaded Java applications within a cluster of workstations. To achieve transparency, we implemented a virtual global object space to hide the underlying distribution from the programmer and the application. Supplementarily, we added mechanisms for accessing objects in this global memory space, thread synchronization, distributed classloading, distributed scheduling and finally for I/O redirection and evaluated the overhead of these mechanisms with several microbenchmarks. The result is a prototype of a distributed Java Virtual Machine running as part of the JikesRVM which offers a wide scope for extensions. By embedding the virtual object heap into the JVM and making the JVM aware of the cluster, the distributed runtime system benefits from the abundant runtime information of the JVM which gives the opportunity for further optimizations.


December 2013 corn futures prices have demonstrated a very erratic pattern since early February, with a trading range of about $0.70. Prices have reflected both old crop and new crop fundamentals, including expectations about producer planting intentions and the likely timeliness of planting. The price of that contract declined during February, moved higher during March, and dropped sharply following the USDA's March 28 release of the Grain Stocks and Prospective Plantings reports. March 1 stocks of corn were much larger than expected and producers confirmed intentions for large corn plantings again this year. New crop futures have been choppy over the past two weeks as the start to planting in the Corn Belt has been delayed. The price is currently near the bottom of the recent range. As usual, planting delays raise questions about the likely magnitude of corn acreage and the potential impact on average yields. Some indication of the potential acreage impact of continued delays in planting is revealed in the historic acreage response in years of late planting. There is no standard definition of late planting for corn. Based on research of yield response to planting date, we have previously defined late planting for most of the production regions as occurring after May 20. Based on this definition and the USDA reports of weekly planting progress, we calculate the percentage of the crop planted late each year. Since 1990, there have been 10 years when the USDA's weekly Crop Progress report indicated that 20 percent or more of the corn crop was planted late by our definition. The final USDA estimate of planted acreage was less than Intentions reported in March in 9 of those years. However, the difference between intentions and actual acreage was large only in 1993 and 1995 when 42 and 47 percent of the acreage was planted late, respectively. Planted acreage was 3.247 million (4.2 percent) less than intentions in 1993 and 3.844 million (5.1percent) less than intentions in 1995. In the other 7 years, when late planting ranged from 20 to 37 percent, acreage was less than intentions by an average of only 335,000 acres, ranging from 32,000 to 691,000 acres. In 2009, when 29 percent of the crop was planted late, acreage exceeded intentions by 1.396


Working in a discrete location choice framework, we develop a model of migration that allows the identification of heterogeneity in state‐of‐birth effects across states. We employ a novel method for using aggregate data to estimate the role of birth state on migration choices. This approach reveals considerable heterogeneity and some regional clustering in birth‐state inertia effects across states, with strong attachments in California, the Southwest, and the upper Midwest. The weakest attachments are in the mountain states and New York.


This call is part of a broad movement to increase the use of active and student-centered teaching techniques across science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) disciplines. A landmark 2014 meta-analysis published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences [2] highlighted the efficacy of active learning techniques across STEM disciplines. In mathematics specifically, a comprehensive study of student outcomes for inquiry-based learning [3] has further established that active learning methods have a strong positive impact on women and members of other underrepresented groups in mathematics. This movement extends beyond the academic community—for example, at the federal level the White House STEM-for-All initiative [4] includes active learning as one of its three areas of emphasis for the 2017 budget. While robust support from education researchers, funding agencies, public policymakers, and institutions is a critical component of effective active learning implementation, at the end of the day these techniques and methods are put into practice by mathematics faculty leading classes of students. Thus, mathematics faculty need to be well informed about active learning and related topics. Our goal in this article is to provide a foundation for productive discussions about the use of active learning in postsecondary mathematics. We will focus on topics that frequently arise at the department level, namely: definitions of active learning, examples of active learning techniques and environments used by individual faculty or teams of faculty, things to expect when using active learning methods, and common concerns. An extended discussion of these issues and a substantial bibliography can be found in the six-part series on active learning [5] written by the authors for the AMS blog On Teaching and Learning Mathematics.


The Grevillea robusta A. Cunn is utilized for coffee plantation shading, crops growing and pasture shading, apiculture, ornamentation and wind breaks. It is also used to produce sawn wood. One test of 28 second generation half-sib progenies was planted in Forestry Institute of Sao Paulo, with 20°03'S latitude and 48°54'W logitude geographic coordenates and 630m of altitude. The main objectives of this paper were to select genetic material capable to produce more volume of wood. The total heigth and diameter at breast height (DBH) were measured on the three yars old second generation half-sib progenies test. The volume was calculated and the results led to the following conclusion: The best second generation progeny was the number 12, which came from an australian progeny called GJM980 from Boyd River (NSW) provenance. The volume gain of the best second generation progeny when compared with the experiment average mean was greater than 138%. By the same token, the volume gain of 12 second generation half-sib progenies was superior to 32%.


We present a new method for computation of radiation spectra in the non-linear regime of operation of inverse Compton sources characterized by high laser intensities. The resulting simulations agree well with the experiments. Increasing the laser intensity changes the longitudinal velocity of the electrons during their collision, leading to considerable non-linear broadening in the scattered radiation spectra. The effects of such ponderomotive broadening are so deleterious that most inverse Compton sources either remain at low laser intensities or pay a steep price to operate at a small fraction of the physically possible peak spectral output. This ponderomotive broadening can be reduced by a suitable frequency modulation (also referred to as "chirping", which is not necessarily linear) of the incident laser pulse, thereby drastically increasing the peak spectral density. This frequency modulation, included in the new code as an optional functionality, is used in simulations to motivate the experimental implementation of this transformative technique.


Scenario planning does not figure in Victorian government metropolitan strategies. Limited scenario work by others1 has exerted no influence on successive Victorian governments which seem to regard strategy as driven by political imperatives, even as playthings for ministerial offices.


During the last academic year (2007-2008), theoretical lectures on the Compilers module were complemented with a visual tool to reinforce some of the more difficult concepts in the module. JFlap, a visual tool aimed at visualizing automata models which can also be used in a compiler course to trace, visualize and in-depth study the parsing methods taught in the course, was the tool of choice. This paper reports on the experience we carried out at the University of Alcalá where students were shown how to use JFlap, although its use was not compulsory. At the end of the term, a survey was conducted around students to discover its use while learning the subject and compared with their marks in the exam. The results show that students using JFlap frequently achieved better results than both students that do not use JFlap at all and those that make only sporadic use of it. Based on both qualitative and quantitative results, JFlap can be used as a help in a course like this, the user satisfaction using this kind of tools from an student's perspective being fairly positive.


The topic of nanodielectrics continues to receive significant attention from today's dielectrics community, due to the property enhancements that can stem from the unique interfacial features within such material systems. Nevertheless, understanding the interfacial phenomena that occur in nanodielectrics, which determine their electrical behaviour, is challenging. In this paper, we report on an investigation into the absorption current behaviour of two nanocomposite systems, one containing an untreated nanosilica and the other containing the same nanofiller chemically modified using trimethoxy(propyl)silane. The results indicate that the absorption current behaviour of all the nanocomposites is very different from that of the reference, unfilled polymer; while the current flowing through the unfilled polyethylene decreased monotonically with time in a conventional manner, all the nanocomposites revealed an initial decrease followed by a period in which the current increased with increasing time of electric field application. Possible mechanisms leading to the observed absorption current behaviour in the nanocomposites are discussed with the aid of space charge measurements. The presence of space charge limited conduction (SCLC) and its trap-filled limit is proposed.


Enzyme activity for demethylation processes can be estimated in vivo non-invasively by 13C-breath tests (BT). After oral intake of stable isotope labeled 13C-aminopyrine (AP) (2 mg/kg) resp. 13C-methacetin (MAC) (1,5 mg/kg) 13CO2-concentration in breath samples measured by ratio mass-spectrometry will reflect cytochrom P450 dependent AP-N-demethylation resp. P448 MAC-O-demethylation. Neonates of epileptic women exposed prenatally to anticonvulsants were studied by 13C-AP-(n=25) and 13C-MAC-BT (n=18) while 6 non-exposed newborns served as controls. Half life times of diaplacentally acquired anticonvulsants were determined in 14 resp. 7 of the exposed neonates. The 2h cumulative 13C-elimination of exposed newborns (7.1 range: 3.4-15.0 (%13C-dose) ) was significantly (p<0.005) above those of non-exposed neonates (1.7: 1.0-3.2) in 13C-AP-BT as well as in 13C-MAC-BT (18.9: 13.8-25.8 versus 9.7: 5.3-18.0) (p<0.05). In normal neonates AP-N-demethylation amounts to only 15 % of those values found in older children aged 2 y or more, while MAC-O-demethylation at that time is significantly higher (30 % of older controls).However,the intrauterine exposure to anticonvulsants will induce both demethylation processes to the same degree (60 % of older controls). Enzyme induction estimated by 13CBT did not correlate in all instances with half life time of anticonvulsants determined in the same individuum,reflecting the multiplicity of enzyme systems and selectivity of the different tests.


Aims and Objectives: In sporty and active patient with rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament the plastic with hamstring tendons ist the standard procedure. Resection of the ACL results in new anatomic conditions and loss of proprioception of the knee. The dynamic intraligamentary stabilsation of the anterior cruciate ligament (LIGAMYS) was developed to obtain the anterior cruciate ligament due to the protection of a moderate posterior drawer and a stabile polyethlyen cable. Materials and Methods: During 1 year of observation we operated 30 patient with freshly ruptured ACLs with LIGAMYS. We documented patient-related factor such as age, sport level, profession, activity (Tegner score). Results: From march 2014 till april 2015 we operated 30 Patients with freshly ruptured anterior cruciate ligaments with LIGAMYS; in 29 cases the outcome was very well, all patients recovered in a short time with a stable and healthy function of the operated knee. All 29 patients reached full professionell and athletic function within 4 month after operation. Conclusion: The arthroscopic dynamic stabilisation of the anterior cruciate ligament ruptur with LIGAMYS is in our opinion till today a very safe and succesfull method to stabilize the ACL-rupture. Nevertheless more results in long-term-survival are needed, because the latest results from Switzerland document very good 3-year-results, a longer observation period is needed to obtain a generell recommendation for this technique. In our opinion LIGAMYS is a perfect and revolutionary additional method in treating ACL-ruptures before a plastic with hamstrings or ligament is needed.


The invention relates to a sensor arrangement (1) for Hall-base, which is designed to measure linear movement and a Hall probe (3) and at least one magnet (4) relative to the Hall probe (3) or vice versa is , wherein according to the invention provided that two magnets (4, 5) are arranged in a predetermined distance from each other, wherein a spacer (6) made of a magnetically conductive material between the magnets.


Climate change is a major issue facing humanity, and the most common method for growing rice is manual puddled transplanted rice (PTR). Direct-seeded rice (DSR) is becoming increasingly popular due to its reduced methane emissions and reduced labour costs. However, there are drawbacks to this transition, such as an increase in weeds, herbicide resistance, nitrous oxide emissions, nutritional disorders, and soil-borne diseases. To reduce these issues,  appropriate weed, water, and fertilizer management practices should be applied. Chemical and biotechnological methods, such as herbicide-resistant and more competitive allelopathic variants, will be required for sustainable rice production. The development of site- and soil-specific integrated packages will increase the adoption of DSR and decrease the negative effects of PTR on the environment.


Security challenges in cloud environments remain largely catastrophic due to the nature of the cloud; complex, heterogeneous, widely accessible over the internet, and virtualised resource sharing. Static and boundary-based conventional security approaches are clearly not effective as the sole countermeasures. Instead, countermeasures need to be intelligent with a high degree of autonomous, self-managing and self-organised, and highly adaptive to cope with dynamism of the cloud, and an emerging and sophisticated threat domain. Though not extensively used in cloud security countermeasures, nature is abounding with complex patterns emanating from interactions among autonomous agents. Its continuous coordination and information sharing enables self-organisation, whereby changes in forms of order occur without a central point of control. Nature's multifaceted superiority enables biological systems to adapt and survive through awareness, adaptation, learning and evolution. The concepts described nature's inherently multifunctional capabilities such as robustness, sophistication, and adaptability. This paper identifies common trends towards bio-inspired approaches for cloud security challenges. Its surveys the use of bio-inspired approaches in computing; cloud and non-cloud, and evaluates their strengths and weaknesses.


Numerical investigations performed to study the effect of the presence of cavities on stability of slopes considering rapid draw down conditions. The aim of the investigation is was to study the influence of different factors (such as diameter and location of the cavities in horizontal and vertical directions). Numerical models were used to estimate slope stability of earth dam considering the effect of cavities in subsoil using PLAXIS 2D software. The results of the analysis indicated that the presence of cavities decreases the stability of upstream facer extremely for all considered locations for the cavities in both directions (horizontal and vertical). The numerical results also demonstrated that increasing the size of cavities lead to decreasing the value of safety factor, until it drops to values less than the required value for the earth dam under rapid drawdown conditions to be considered stable.


Curing parents by cutting thigh is the common topic to promote filial piety in the dramas of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.As one of the folk customs,curing parents by cutting thigh is greatly popular,but it is also attacked and prohibited by the Confucianism concept and government.The large amount of such dramas in this kind of situation manifests its cognition.The motivation of moral persuasion of "motivation superiority" coming from the elite consciousness makes the dramas have the feature of intermediation,that is to say,dramas become the bridge to connect the elite culture and folk culture and the consequence and realization of their common in the education of filial piety as well.As a result,the concept of filial piety spreads to every social and moral aspect and makes it last from one generation to another.


In this paper, firstly, a renewable hybrid warranty policy is proposed from the manufacturer's perspective. By integrating the replacement depending on number of failures and preventive maintenance at the expiration of the warranty, secondly, a maintenance-replacement policy is presented from the perspective of the customer. Thirdly, the consumer's expected cost rate model is obtained and the related special models are offered. Finally, a numerical example is used to illustrate performance of the proposed maintenance-replacement policy and to analyse sensitively. As showed in the example, performance of the proposed maintenance-replacement policy is more superior.


Paper sludge is the solid waste from papermaking industry.The sludge treatment and disposal process will bring about environmental pollution.In this paper,domestic and abroad research advance of utilization of paper sludge was reviewed and pointed out that paper sludge is the potential resource.Utilization of paper sludge as resource is one of the ways to solve the current shortage of resources and environmental pollution.


The concepts on productivity decline of timber plantations after successive plantings in China and other countries are analyzed.Then, research advance in the causes of productivity decline of Chinese fir plantations after successive plantings and its control techniques are reviewed from different research period. The problems in research of productivity decline of Chinese fir plantations are pointed out and the trends of its research are put forward.


The prediction of fault-prone modules in a large software system is an important part in software evolution. Since prediction models in past studies have been constructed and used for individual systems, it has not been practically investigated whether a prediction model based on one system can also predict fault-prone modules accurately in other systems. Our expectation is that if we could build a model applicable to different systems, it would be extremely useful for software companies because they do not need to invest manpower and time for gathering data to construct a new model for every system.In this study, we evaluated the applicability of prediction models between two software systems through two experiments. In the first experiment, a prediction model using 19 module metrics as predictor variables was constructed in each system and was applied to the opposite system mutually. The result showed predictors were too fit to the base data and could not accurately predict fault-prone modules in the different system. On the basis of this result, we focused on a set of predictors showing great effectiveness in every model; and, in consequent, we identified two metrics (Lines of Code and Maximum Nesting Level) as commonly effective predictors in all the models. In the second experiment, by constructing prediction models using only these two metrics, prediction performance were dramatically improved. This result suggests that the commonly effective model applicable to more than two systems can be constructed by focusing on commonly effective predictors.


Significance Many patients with colorectal cancer die because of metastases in distant organs such as the liver and lungs, rather than from the primary tumor. A better molecular understanding of colorectal cancer has allowed for improved patient prognosis and the launching of precision medicine for treating metastatic colorectal cancer. Here we demonstrate that a deficiency of ribosomal S6 kinase 2 (RSK2) can result in dramatically decreased IFNγ secretion through an inappropriate phosphorylation status of T-bet, a modulator of IFNγ expression. Decreased IFNγ levels can lead to immune suppression, accelerating colon cancer-mediated liver and lung metastasis. We found that RSK2-mediated phosphorylation of T-bet at serines 498 and 502 is required for the inhibition of colon cancer metastasis and growth, through a positive regulation of RSK2/T-bet/IFNγ signaling. Metastasis is a major cause of cancer-related deaths. Approximately 80% of patients with colorectal cancer develop liver metastasis and 20% develop lung metastasis. We found that at different stages of colon cancer, IFNγ secretion from peripheral blood mononuclear cells was decreased compared with healthy controls. The ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) family of kinases has multiple cellular functions, and we examined their roles in this observed IFNγ decrease. Flow cytometry analysis of wild-type (WT) and RSK2 knockout (KO) mice revealed significantly lower levels of IFNγ in the RSK2 KO mice compared with the WT mice. Since IFNγ is a component of immunity, which contributes to protection against metastatic carcinomas, we conducted a colon cancer liver metastasis experiment. We found significantly greater metastasis in RSK2 KO mice compared with WT mice. Transcription factor T-bet can directly activate Ifnγ gene transcription. In vitro kinase assay results showed that RSK2 phosphorylated T-bet at serines 498 and 502. We show that phosphorylation of T-bet by RSK2 is required for IFNγ expression, because knockdown of RSK2 expression or overexpression of mutant T-bet reduces IFNγ mRNA expression. To verify the function of the phosphorylation sites, we overexpressed a constitutively active mutant T-bet (S498E/S502E) in bone marrow. Mutant T-bet restored the IFNγ mRNA levels and dramatically reduced the metastasis rate in these mice. Overall, these results indicate that phosphorylation of T-bet is required for the inhibition of colon cancer metastasis and growth through a positive regulation of RSK2/T-bet/IFNγ signaling.


The prevailing view of the aging process is that it reflects the integrated sequelae of accumulated random biological damage. These sequelae have been referred to as the hallmarks of aging and one of these hallmarks is the age-related decline in somatic stem cell functions; termed stem cell exhaustion. This stem cell exhaustion construct implies that stem cell aging across different tissues should have a number of similar characteristics. However, such is not the case. The characteristics of aging for stem cell populations in a variety of tissues, (hair follicle, skeletal muscle, hematopoietic tissue, skin, intestine and testes), display many distinctive tissue specific features. This observation implies that stem cell exhaustion is not a generic process consequent to the accumulation of random biological damage but rather represents the manifestation of tissue specific evolved programs.


The computational power needed to classify interference patterns of biological cells is a major limit to the implementation of fast label-free cell sorting based on digital holographic microscopy and flow cytometry [1]. In this work we discuss some properties of a technique that employs a collection of integrated silica micro-pillars to significantly simplify the classification of raw holograms obtained from cells with different average nucleus size lighted by a laser.


The 1,4-aryldiazepin-2-ones have been called "privileged structures", because of their ability to bind at multiple receptor types with high affinity. Their biological activities include antagonists of G-protein coupled receptors, enzyme inhibitors and antibiotics. Moreover, their seven-membered ring may mimic an inverse y-turn peptide conformation. Their potential in medicinal chemistry has led us to pursue a synthetic method for accessing a novel type of diazepinone, the pyrrolo[3,2-e][1,4]diazepin-2-ones. Our synthe sis used 4hydroxyproline methyl esters as starting material. The amine of the proline ring was protected with the 9-phenylfluorenyl group (PhF) and the alcohol was oxidized to. give the corresponding N-(PhF)-4-oxoproline. The newly formed ketone was then condensed with a primary amine in the presence of acid to initiate the PhF group departure and aromatisation to form a 4-aminopyrrole-2-carboxylate. Acylation of the secondary amine was achieved with different acid chlorides generated from Fmoc a-amino acids and triphosgene. After Fmoc group removal, the primary amine could be transformed to a secondary amine by reductive amination or by way of a silylamine intermediate. The Pictet-Spengler cyclization of the primary and secondary N-(aminoacyl)aminopyrroles with different aldehydes then fumished the desired 1,3,5-triand 1,3,4,5-tetrasubstituted pyrrolodiazepinones. Furthermore, the synthesis method was adapted onto solid support using the N-(PhF)-4hydroxyproline-2-carboxylate linked to Wang resin. Following similar steps a primary N(aminoacyl)aminopyrrole was synthesized on resin. At this stage, Pictet-Spengler cyclization, removal of the side chains protecting groups and cleavage of the resin, aIl were accompli shed in a one-step process that provided the pyrrolodiazepinone in good yield and purity. In addition, the X-ray crystal structure of a pyrrolodiazepinone derivative showed that the dihedral angles around the amino acid portion compared favourably to those of an ideal reverse y-turn.


Every Qur'anic surah has a different specificity than others, Surat Al-Takwer deals with two facts of the doctrine in two parts: the first starts with the early begging of the verse and ends of verses (1-14), which talks about the Doomsday and the accompanying of a massive universe reduction and the fall of all the surroundings things and entities. What observe is that the long-open syllable (C V V) only accounted for (8.06%) of the syllables, while the ratio of short-open syllable (C V) was above (56.45%), and the percentage of the short –closed syllable (C VC) touched (35.48%). All these portrayed with what looks like accompanied music, the agility of the drastic scene and the enormous revolution that turns everything upside down and spread it,so it aggravates the stable and torments helpless people with its rapid rhythm. The second part starts of verses (15-29), and it confirms the sincerity of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) in the reporting of his Lord, and shows that the Qur'an was sent to be a guide and an admonition to the whole world until the Judgment Day. We found that the ending intervals in the first four verses that address the truth of the afflatus and the role of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), and the characteristics of the addressed people end up in the closed syllable (CVC) with the explosive voice of (S) which is voiceless alveolar fricative with a whistling lighter and less intensive than the extreme explosive (t) sound which is used in the intervals of the verses of the first part to fit the situation. In the other hand, the last verses ended with the long closed Syllable (CVVC) with the sound (M) and , preceded by two voiced and mild (Ya) and (Waw) and they have a harmony with the third situation: the persuasion of following the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), the Qur'an and revelation, which have a harmony with the decline of strong sounds from (24%) In the first part to (20%) In the second part. The effect of the rhythm was evident in terms of the lexical level, or morphological level or in terms of grammatical compositions as well as the qualities and the outlets of its sounds were obvious. Then it became apparent that the rhythm of the used voiced and the voiceless sounds in the syllables (opened or closed; short or long) was significant. In addition it is doubtless that the morphemic forms (bases or derived, passive or active) have a semantic and vocal effect, especially in the various Qur'anic readings.


Objective. Studying of role of Нelicobacter pylori as etiological factor of acute pancreatitis and marker of development of its purulent-septic complications.
Маterials and methods. Screening investigation was performed in all 124 patients, suffering acute pancreatitis and admitted to hospital; then a screening investigation of Нelicobacter pylori in feces and the blood serological investigation was conducted. In 39 (31.5%) patients bacteriological investigation of biological material for revealing of Нelicobacter pylori was conducted. The patients were distributed into two groups: the main - 66 patients with severe and with a middle severity course of acute pancreatitis and a control one - 58 patients with light course of acute pancreatitis.
Results. Positive results of fecal express-test were obtained in 105 (84.7%) patients. In accordance to the blood serological investigations results in 24 h from the admittance to hospital moment in a control group a positive result was obtained in 8 (13.8%) patients, and in the main - in 23 (34.8%); while in 7 days - in 9 (15.5%) and 42 (63.6%) patients, accordingly. Аntibiotics, which are applied for therapy in purulent-septic complications of acute pancreatitis, guarantee the efficacy of eradication of Нelicobacter pylori in 94.9% patients.
Conclusion. The enhancement of quantity of the blood positive serological investigations by 28.8% (р < 0.001) in patients of the main group in 7 days from the admittance to the hospital date trusts, that Нelicobacter pylori constitutes not the only one etiological factor in acute pancreatitis, but a possible marker of development of its purulent-septic complications as well.


In preparation for a new Neotropical taxonomic review and a global phylogeny focusing on the Neotropical lineages of Celtis, some nomenclatural changes are needed. Lectotypes are designated for Celtis alnifolia, C. asperula, C. brasiliensis, C. clausseniana, C. diffusa, C. morifolia, C. fluminensis, C. glycycarpa, C. hilariana, C. membranacea, C. orthacanthos, C. selloviana and Momisia integrifolia, and an epitype is designated for Celtis asperula. Celtis flavovenarum was proposed as a new name to replace the homonym C. morifolia. For C. spinosa we provide the locality of its type.


This article presents the results of an experimental research dealing with the use of steel slag as a partial substitute for natural aggregates in the production of concrete composite. Comparative mixture based on natural aggregates was prepared from the fractions of 0/4, 4/8 and 8/16 mm, which were represented in the volume ratio of 40:30:30. During the experimental research, natural aggregates with the fractions of 4/8 mm, 8/16 mm were replaced with steel slag of the same faction. We have tested the input properties of natural aggregates and steel slag for the designed experimental mixtures (grain size, density, specific weight, powder density, absorption capacity, resistance to crushing, shape index). In case of concrete mixture prepared according to the experimental recipes, we have monitored the following characteristics: density of fresh concrete mixture, consistency of concrete mixture, strength characteristics - cube strength after 3, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 90 days, prism strength after 28 days. The research has discovered that substitution of natural aggregates with steel slag of the same fraction in concrete mixture is possible, without significantly affecting the strength properties of the concrete based on steel slag in comparison with the concrete based on natural aggregates.


Abstract : The use of the additive INKhP-46, containing sulfur, chlorine, and phosphorus, provides improvement of the functional properties of lubricating oils used in reduction gears with Novikov gearing. Tests showed that during operation of reduction gears of deep pumping units with Novikov gearing at an overload of 1.6 times the use of oil industrial-45 with 3 percent INKhP-46 provides an increase in the time to beginning of pit formation and also facilitates smaller changes in the physicochemical properties of the oil during prolonged operation in the reduction gears. (Author)


The subject of this presentation is an attempt to understand the concept of exile in terms of the works of Spanish philosopher María Zambrano, a woman who left her country after the Spanish civil war and lived the life of an exile. This work focuses on the difficulties enco-untered by thinkers when they try to reflect on the experience of exile, and it aims to bring Zambrano's thought on exile closer to her main philosophical concepts.


With harvest values in excess of $50 million, the blue crab (Callinectus sapidus) is the most important commercial fishery in the Chesapeake Bay. Since the late 1980s, Bay-wide policymaking for the blue crab has developed through two distinct processes—the Fishery Management Plan Workgroup and Bi-State Blue Crab Advisory Committee. This research examines these institutions and asks why the latter mechanism was more successful in answering key questions critical to managing blue crabs that remained unresolved under the traditional planning process. Using the rubric of policy learning and employing qualitative research methods, the research finds that keys to explaining variation in policy learning are: (1) the relative importance actors ascribe the process, (2) how the actors are engaged, and (3) how scientific conflict and uncertainty are managed. Understanding the processes by which policy relevant information is developed and incorporated into decision making is critical to effective environmental governance.


Potatoes hold a signi�cant position as one of the most important crops. Their value lies not only in their nutritional composition but also in their function as raw materials for various processing purposes. Furthermore, the cultivation of early potatoes carries considerable agrotechnical importance due to their ability to serve as the initial crop in intensive crop rotation, optimizing the utilization of agricultural soil. The primary objective of its production is to reach a consistent and high yield of premium quality. Additionally, the aim is to enter the market as early as possible and maximize pro�tability. To achieve these goals, producers utilize speci�c agrotechnical measures such as mulching and plant covering to ensure earlier and safer production, thus maximizing pro�ts. Our research aimed to determine the impact of different agrotechnical measures (biodegradable mulching, agrotextile, low tunnel) on the chemical composition of early potato tubers. A three-year �eld experiment was managed in Bege č with two early potato cultivars, Cleopatra and Riviera. The tested agrotechnical measures signi�cantly in�uenced the quality of early potatoes, hence the increase in the content of dry matter, starch, vitamin C, cellulose, and ash in the tubers and on reduction of sugar and nitrate content.


A large family, it includes prized ornamentals such as hibiscus and the textile cotton. Nova Scotia has but two genera of the 75 known. Ours are escaped garden flowers and weedy ruderals. The hollyhock, a much-loved flower, is cultivated locally. Typical of the more than 1000 species, are flowers with numerous stamens, united to form a tube around the pistil. Petals are large and showy, delicate in texture. Photography by Martin Thomas.


The work is focused on a resuscitation of newborns on the labour ward. In the theoretical part is described the adaption of newborns after the birth, preparation for the resuscitation, procedures of resuscitation and the most frequent situations requiring the resuscitation on the labour ward. For example asphyxia, hypoxia, hard adaption after the birth, mother´s GBS and turbid amniotic fluid. The second part is devoted to the research and investigation of the differences in the newborn´s resuscitations in the hospital in Chrudim and the regional hospital in Pardubice.


This study, for the first time, examines the transport of sediments, their longitudinal distribution pattern, and their role in disposal of metals in river-dominated deltaic depositional system of the Neretva River and its adjacent coastal region. The results have shown that longitudinal distribution of metals in sediments follows the deposition pattern of the river-borne clayey mineral particles. The highest concentration of metals was found in the semi-enclosed area of the Neretva Channel. This region is characterized by deposition of fine-grained particles and prevalent accumulation of metals. This study exemplifies the role of Fe oxide and oxyhydroxide coatings on the clay mineral surfaces as a major factor in the adsorption and deposition pathways of trace elements.


Topology engineering concerns with the problem of automatic determination of physical layer parameters to form a network with desired properties. In this paper, we investigate the joint power control, channel assignment, and radio interface selection for robust provisioning of link bandwidth in infrastructure multiradio multichannel wireless networks in presence of channel variability and external interference. To characterize the logical relationship between spatial contention constraints and transmit power, we formulate the joint power control and radio-channel assignment as a generalized disjunctive programming problem. The generalized Benders decomposition technique is applied for decomposing the radio-channel assignment (combinatorial constraints) and network resource allocation (continuous constraints) so that the problem can be solved efficiently. The proposed algorithm is guaranteed to converge to the optimal solution within a finite number of iterations. We have evaluated our scheme using traces collected from two wireless testbeds and simulation studies in Qualnet. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm is superior to existing schemes in providing larger interference margin, and reducing outage and packet loss probabilities.


The Medieval Academy of America held its seventy-eighth annual meeting in Minneapolis on 10-12 April 2003. The Center for Medieval Studies, University of Minnesota, was the host for the meeting. Meeting of the Corporation. The annual meeting of the Corporation was held on Friday, 11 April, at 1 p.m. John V Fleming, President, presided. The minutes of the seventy-seventh annual meeting were approved. Reports were delivered by the Executive Director, Editor of Speculum, and Treasurer. The report of the Delegate to the American Council of Learned Societies was read by Barbara A. Hanawalt in the absence of Susan Mosher Stuard. The Van Courtlandt Elliott Prize was awarded to Robert J. Meyer-Lee for "Hoccleve and the Apprehension of Money," Exemplaria 13 (2001), 173-214. The John Nicholas Brown Prize was awarded to Sara Lipton for Images of Intolerance: The Representation of Jews and Judaism in the "Bible moralis?e," published in 1999 by the University of California Press. The Haskins Medal was awarded to Mary Carruthers for The Craft of Thought: Medi tation, Rhetoric, and the Making of Images, 400-1200, published in 1998 by Cambridge University Press. The CARA Award for Outstanding Service to Medieval Studies was awarded to Helen


A nucleic acid sequence capable of directing expression in a plant cell, wherein the nucleic acid sequence comprises a nucleic acid sequence that is at least 95% identical to SEQ ID NO: 2.


With the help of the development and dissemination of computer network, the development of leisure agricultural tourism can also get great help from it. This paper is to use the statistical analysis of the random leisure agricultural tourism experience text with strong reliability on the network, from which the tourist's tourism preferences, attitudes, time, crowd and other factors play an important role in the tourism purchase decision, so that the leisure agricultural tourism developers can obtain the analysis information that is helpful to the development of their industry.


In article are brought algorithm and results brought numerically-experimental studies on qualitative and quantitative estimation of the law of the moving the raw cotton from directing walls outgoing between spiked-drum and netlike surface feeder aside worker of the camera ginning machines. It is known that the uniform supply of raw cotton to the ginning process has a direct impact on the efficiency of the ginning process. In the process of ginning, the cotton is cleaned on the surface of the pile drum and net of the supplier, and the crushed gin comes to the working chamber through the gin. As a result of the rotation of the saw cylinder in the working chamber, the cotton fiber is suspended and the rotation is started. As a result of the circular motion of the raw cotton, a raw material roller is formed. In this process, the actual problem is to ensure that the raw cotton consists of small pieces and is uniform in time and width of the equipment. The Comparison got given on calculation shows that increase the corner will bring about increase the growing forming displacement. Increase of this corner will bring the leaflet of the raw cotton about increase of length free moving.


In the context of global competition, attracting and retaining talent is the most important common goal of universities and cities. Universities have long played an important role in the competitiveness of cities, regions and the country as a whole, as they contribute to the accumulation of human capital. The interaction of the city and the university can be observed from the time of their formation. In this paper, the authors considered a parallel analysis of the development (evolution) of two different socio-economic systems such as the university and the city from antiquity to the present. Based on this analysis, we can conclude that universities have played a significant role in the development of cities, and cities, in turn, have led to the emergence and development of universities. The role of universities was that they were both centers of education and centers of research. It was within the framework of universities that the results of scientific research appeared, which moved cities up in evolution.


This paper concerns itself with the establishment of a road maintenance system for the new city of Jubail, Saudi Arabia. The construction of this city presented a unique opportunity to plan a road maintenance system based on predicted requirements, rather than a study of the existing situation, as in the normal case. Jubail is a new industrial city located on the east coast of Saudi Arabia. The master plan for Jubail completely segregated the residential area from the industrial area, the two being separated by a buffer zone. This resulted in completely differing design policies for residential roads as opposed to industrial roads, with subsequent differences in the maintenance requirements for each type. The overall city road network itself was designed in accordance with American AASHTO standards, with a hierarchy of freeways, expressways, collectors and local roads. Subsequently, a similar bias was adopted when considering existing road maintenance operational systems in other urban areas in the world. It was found that few, if any, of the major Middle Eastern cities, possessed systems which would match up to the very high standards which were required for Jubail. Various strategies were considered, such as maintenance by geographical area, by discipline and by type of road. Other factors were size of areas and composition of depots within the areas; number and type of plant; plant maintenance; crew manning requirements, frequency of operation; inspection and diagnosis of faults; and the establishment of a suitable government authority to administer and supervise the work. All these had to be linked in to one of the major requirements of the study, which was to produce a system which could be implemented in a controlled and phased manner, in accordance with the construction programme for the city itself. This paper deals with the manner in which the decision making process developed, such that a final plan was produced, which was accepted by the client as the basis for the future road maintenance strategy for Jubail. (Author/TRRL)


Anthropometric measurements of the dimensions is the study of the human body. Anthropometric measurement difficulties caused by several factors: a) the size of the human body is very diverse and depend on age, gender, ethnicity, so some group work often demands certain requirements. Objective article focuses on the effort to design chairs Helicopter pilots Sykorski type S-76 based on the concept and principles of ergonomics. Some of the data required for the design work is based on the principle of the pilot seat with ergonomic support anthropometric data, among others, namely: Data Width backrest (LS), High backrest (TS), Wide Hips (LP), High Popliteal (TPL), popliteal Ass (PPL) which is supported by data size adult Indonesia (Central Jakarta Usahid student anthropometric data). After the direct measurement data processing based on uniformity test data. Uniformity test is intended to homogenize the data in an Upper Control Limit (UCL) and Lower Control Limit (LCL). Once all the data is uniform, followed by  testing the adequacy of the data to determine whether the data is uniform can represent all the data available with the provisions of N ' N. If the test result data is uniform and meets the adequacy of the data, performed data sorting sizes from small to  the largest percentile calculations and used P5, P50 and P95 with a normal distribution method is to approach the average value using a 5% level of accuracy and level of 95% confidence. Based on the data obtained from the calculation can be done designing Helicopter pilot seat types Sykorski S-76 that meets the principles of ergonomics.


We propose a new methodology to employ composite indicators for performance analysis of units
of interest using Stochastic Multiattribute Acceptability Analysis. We start evaluating each unit by
means of weighted sums of their elementary indicators in the whole set of admissible weights. For
each unit, we compute the mean, µ, and the standard deviation, σ, of its evaluations. Clearly, the
former has to be maximized, while the latter has to be minimized as it denotes instability in the evaluations
with respect to the variability of weights. We consider a unit to be Pareto-Koopmans efficient
with respect to µ and σ if there is no convex combination of µ and σ of the rest of the units with a
value of µ that is not smaller, and a value of σ that is not greater, with at least one strict inequality.
The set of all Pareto-Koopmans efficient units constitutes the first Pareto-Koopmans frontier. By removing
this set and computing the efficiency frontier for the rest of the units, one could obtain the
second Pareto-Koopmans frontier. Analogously, the third, fourth and so on Pareto-Koopmans frontiers
can be defined. This permits to assign each unit to one of this sequence of Pareto-Koopmans
frontiers. We measure the efficiency of each unit not only with respect to the first Pareto-Koopmans
frontier, as in the classic Data Envelopment Analysis, but also with respect to the rest of the frontiers,
thus enhancing the explicative power of the proposed approach. To illustrate its potential, we
apply it to a case study of world happiness based on the data of the homonymous report, annually
produced by the United Nations' Sustainable Development Solutions Network.


We tackle the problem of maintaining materialized top-k views. Top-k queries, including MIN and MAX as important special cases, occur frequently in common database workloads. A top-k view can be materialized to improve query performance, but in general it is not self-maintainable unless it contains all tuples in the base table. Deletions and updates on the base table may cause tuples to leave the top-k view, resulting in expensive queries over the base table to "refill" the view. We propose an algorithm that reduces the frequency of refills by maintaining a top-k' view instead of a top-k view, where k' changes at runtime between k and some k/sub max//spl ges/k. We show that in most practical cases, our algorithm can reduce the expected amortized cost of refill queries to O(1) while still keeping the view small. The optimal value of k/sub max/ depends on the update pattern and the costs of querying the base table and updating the view. Compared with the simple approach of maintaining either the top-k view itself or a copy of the base table, our algorithm can provide orders-of-magnitude improvements in performance with appropriate k/sub max/ values. We show how to choose k/sub max/ dynamically to adapt to the actual system workload and performance at runtime, without requiring accurate prior knowledge.


This article presents two in-class exercises designed to develop specific skill sets needed to think critically and make decisions in today's business environment. The first exercise, "Flossing your Teeth" is designed to build information literacy skills needed in the evidence-gathering phase of critical thinking. The second exercise, "Adopting a Puppy," is designed to develop analytical skills needed to apply research and inform an evidence-based decision. These exercises engage students in memorable active learning experiences and can be implemented during a single class period within a range of management courses. This article provides a description of each exercise, a guide for debriefing students, and sample student responses to the debriefing questions.


The invention discloses an injector needle back-stitching detection method and device, and aims to provide an injector needle back-stitching detection method and device which are fast in detection speed and high in accuracy rate. In the technical scheme, a reflective quantity of a needle top is used to judge whether a back-stitching situation exists. When a tool clamp strip equipped with the injector needle is transferred to a detection station by a conveyor belt, a light emitter emits light to the detection station, and a light receiver detects light intensity of received light and transmits the light intensity to a control module; the control module detects the light intensity and compares the light intensity with a threshold; if the light intensity is more than the threshold, the needle at the current detection station is judged to be back-stitching; if the light intensity is smaller than the threshold, the needle is judged to be normal; and then a light-emitting diode is used for displaying and a needle unloading mechanism is used to unload a back-stitching needle. In the invention, the injector needle can be detected quickly, efficiently and accurately; the low cost and highly practical performance are realized; the product factory qualified rate can be effectively guaranteed; and the method and device of the invention can be applicable to all the injector needle manufacturers.


The effects of spin‐exchange collisions on the polarization of dense spin‐polarized samples of hydrogen and deuterium are analyzed. It is shown that even in large magnetic fields spin‐exchange collisions transfer angular momentum between the electrons and the nuclei. This effect has important implications for the operation of spin‐polarized targets and sources of hydrogen and deuterium. For the specific case of sources that are spin‐polarized by spin‐exchange collisions with optically pumped alkali atoms, spin‐exchange not only polarizes the hydrogen and deuterium electron spins, but polarizes the nuclear spins as well.


Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of infectious disease and accidental injury in schools of Panjin.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was adopted for analysis.Results By analyzing the data of monitring the reason of absence from 6 pilot schools,the primary was cold,accounting for 63.54%,followed by accident(8.03%),other diseases(7.03 %),parotitis(5.76%),and varicella(5.31%).Conclusion The primary infectious disease in school were respiratory infectious diseases and the accidents can not be ignored.


Acoustic array processing can be employed to measure the wind speed and direction based on microphone signals. Turbulent pressure fluctuations picked up by microphones are referred to as wind noise. According to Taylor's frozen turbulence hypothesis, turbulent eddies retain their shape while advecting at nearly the mean wind speed and in the wind direction. It follows that wind noise propagates accordingly across a microphone array when the inter-microphone distance is smaller than the turbulence wavelength. This property can be exploited to track the orientation of the turbulence advection, and hence to characterize the wind flow. We propose beamforming and signal subspace-based methods to estimate the wind speed and direction using a compact microphone array. In particular, the pseudospectrum of measured wind noise is computed against candidate pairs of wind speed and direction. The wind speed and direction estimates are then obtained as the maximizers of the pseudospectrum. In addition, we extend an existing time difference of arrival-based method originally derived for three microphones to an arbitrary number of microphones. We evaluate the estimation accuracy of the proposed methods separately for the wind speed and direction. Possible applications include highly integrable, portable, and inexpensive anemometers for smart sensors or action cameras.


To forecast at several, say h, periods into the future, a modeller faces two techniques: iterating one-step ahead forecasts (the IMS technique) or directly modelling the relation between observations separated by an h-period interval and using it for forecasting (DMS forecasting). It is known that unit-root non-stationarity and residual autocorrelation benefit DMS accuracy in finite samples. We analyze here the effect of structural breaks as observed in unstable economies, and show that the benefits of DMS stem from its better appraisal of the dynamic relationships of interest for forecasting. It thus acts in between congruent modelling and intercept correction. We apply our results to forecasting the South African GDP over the last thirty years as this economy exhibits significant unstability. We analyze the forecasting properties of 31 competing models. We find that the GDP of South Africa is best forecast, 4 quarters ahead, using direct multi-step techniques, as with our theoretical results.


— This investigation presents preparation of sample and analysis of results of ballistic impact test as per EN 1063 on the size, thickness, number, position, and type of the bonding interlayer Polyvinyl Butyral, Poly Carbonate and Poly Urethane on bullet proof glass. It was observed that impact energy absorbed by bullet proof glass increases with the increase of the total thickness from 33mm to 42mm to 51mm for all the three samples respectively. Absorption impact energy is greater for samples with more number of bonding interlayers than with the number of glass layers for uniform increase in total sample thickness. There is no effect on the absorption impact energy with the change in position of the bonding interlayer.


Let $s$ denote West's stack-sorting map. A permutation is called $t-\textit{sorted}$ if it is of the form $s^t(\mu)$ for some permutation $\mu$. We prove that the maximum number of descents that a $t$-sorted permutation of length $n$ can have is $\left\lfloor\frac{n-t}{2}\right\rfloor$. When $n$ and $t$ have the same parity and $t\geq 2$, we give a simple characterization of those $t$-sorted permutations in $S_n$ that attain this maximum. In particular, the number of such permutations is $(n-t-1)!!$.


After calculating the financial risks of listed companies in China,we establish a multiple regression model and test Gibrat's law in the paper.It shows that Chinese listed companies are not subject to Gibrat's law in 2001-2007,because the company's growth and the scale correlated significantly,and they do not satisfy the basic assumptions of the two independent factors of each other.In addition,the corporate growth and the financial risks are closely related too.It is worth noting,however,the corporate size and financial risks,the relationship of the corporate growth and they are more complicated and there are various forms each year.


Objective To study the effect of propofol on oxidative stress induced retinal cells injury in vitro.Methods Mouse retinal cells were primary cultured;and were treated by propofol with different concentrations following by H2O2treatment.The cell viability and proliferation were measured with MTS assay,and the reactive oxygen species(ROS)was detected by means of flow cytometry analysis,The changes of malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD), glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),glutathione-s-transferase(GST),myeloperoxidase(MPO),NF- κB,IL-6,and IL-1βwere measured.Results Cell survival rate were 33.5%,65.2% and 85.5% by 0,5and 50μg/ml propofol treatment;ROS production were 1007.8%,398.9%and 256.2%,MDA expression were 301.5%,221.4%and 172.4%,SOD level were 28.5%,44.2%and 71.3%,GST level were 32.6%,52.1%and 66.8%,GSH-Px level were 25.8%,65.2%and 76.5%,MPO level were 285.2%,236.6%and 166.3%;NF-κB expression were 933.3%,576.9%and 472.2%;IL-1β level were 346.4%,292.6% and 180.0%;IL-6level were 224.6%,187.9% and 148.0%;when compared with control group(P 0.05).Conclusion Propofol may reduce the H2O2-induced oxidative stress injury of primary retinal cells,by increasing the production of antioxidant enzymes, and inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and the generation of inflammatory factors.


The aim of the present study was to examine the long-term effect of low concentration of sodium fluoride in drinking water on bone metabolism in growing senesence-accelerated mice (SAM-P/6) as a spontaneous experimental model of senile osteoporosis.SAM-P/6 mice were given 1 and 5mg of sodium fluoride per one liter of drinking water for 11 months. All aminals were fed a commercial diet ad libitum. The concentration of calcium in serum and bone was evaluated by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The concentration of serum phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase was determined colorimetrically. Fluoride was determined with a fluoride-specific ion electrode.During the 11 months after beginning treatment, there were almost no differences in body weightserum calcium-fluoride and alkaline phosphatase-levels between control and fluoride-treated groups, although serum levels of phosphorus were higher in the fluoride-treated groups than in controls. Calcium and fluoride content per dry weight of femoral bone were higher in fluoride-treated groups than in controls. Bone magnesium and phosphorus contents did not differ between controls and fluoride-treated groups.Histologic studies of femoral bone revealed that bone formation in the fluoride-treated groups trended to increase.In this study, it appeared that in growing SAM-P/6 mice, intake of low-concentration of sodium fluoride for a long-term affected the bone matabolism.


It has recently been demonstrated that, in contrast with the retinogeniculocortical projection, the corticocortical connections in the cat present a high degree of convergence and divergence. This suggests that some corticocortical connections link nonvisuotopically corresponding regions. Using fine‐grain electrophysiological mapping and anatomical tracing, we have set out to test this possibility by placing a small injection of retrograde tracer in area 17 and by comparing the extent of visual field encoded in the region of area 18 containing labeled cells and that represented in the uptake zone.


Information and communication technology has significantly improved the quality of healthcare information management and operation. In Malaysia, Healthcare Information System (HIS) has become popular and used by most of health institutions including government as well as private hospitals and clinics. Millions of ringgit was invested for those systems, in which requires better measurement for its return of investment or success. However, measuring the success of those systems are tricky due to lack of established measuring instrument. In addition, many factors also hinder the measurement such as the privacy of health data, administrative cooperation and participation of health sector staffs. It is important to measure the success of HIS especially from the user's perspectives as they are the main entity in using such systems. This study aims to measure the success of HIS called as Professional Medical Office (PMO) used by several clinics and health centres in Klang Valley. DeLone and McLean theory was used as the theoretical foundation to examine the key determinants comprise of system quality, information quality, service quality, intention to use, use, user satisfaction and net benefit which measure of success HIS implementation and application in healthcare industries. There are 45 respondents consist of doctors, nurses, therapist and staff admin of clinics that use PMO. Data was collected and analyzed using SPSS for descriptive and inferential analysis. Result shows that System Quality positively related to the Intention to Use and User Satisfaction while Use positively related to Net Benefits. Details findings are discussed in the later section.


Cleft lip and palate is one of the most common deformities of the craniofacial region, and treatment of this deformity is essential for social reintegration. One of the major goals of surgery and treatment of craniofacial deformities is to improve the aesthetic appearance of the face, and thereby improve the patient's social acceptability. Here, we present a critical review of the criteria for aesthetic evaluation of the nasolabial region in cleft patients by assessing publications with the highest level of evidence, including professional evaluation, and patient satisfaction. The findings indicate treatment of this condition represents a major challenge for multidisciplinary team care.


In this paper some tools will be developed for analysing a simple inventory problem of the slow-mover type with the special feature that the probability distribution of the demand interarrival times is unknown. The role of sufficient statistics in decision making is analysed for an arbitrary optimality criterion and particularly for the Bayesian criterion. A computational approach for the case of a Bayesian criterion is presented together with some numerical results.


Package made from flexible material, characterized in that it comprises a system for closure and for metering out liquid and/or pasty and/or powder products and a flexible product reservoir of variable volume.


During the preparation of an account of the family Verbenaceae for the Flora of Tropical East Africa several taxa were found to be undescribed. These will mostly be validated in the flora account but the name of the Vitex described below is required for another purpose. In the Mpwapwa district of central Tanzania a species of Vitex, long confused with the more widespread V. strickeri Vatke & Hildebrandt, appears to be not uncommon. Local collectors such as B. D. Burtt and Mr & Mrs


Analysing well testing signals provides a practical way to characterise hydrocarbon reservoirs. Since having a perfect constant rate is hardly possible, petroleum engineers often deal with the multi-rate well testing signals. This study describes an application of the coupled deconvolution-wavelet transform scheme for extraction of reservoir impulse response from the multi-rate well testing signals. Performance of the proposed algorithm is validated using a set of smooth, incomplete and noisy simulated examples. Extraction of the impulse response from the incomplete well test signals has not been considered in the literature up to now. The results confirm an excellent performance of the developed algorithm for revealing the wellbore, reservoir and boundary. The parameters of dual porosity reservoir are estimated whit an absolute average relative deviation percent (AARD%) of 4.68%. [Received: February 10, 2016; Accepted: February 6, 2017]


Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technique in remote sensing gauges its performance based on the usefulness of the products. Many of the products consists of the detection and identification of various materials within an imaging element or pixel. Nearly all HSI systems image at a level in which several materials may compromise a single pixel. We have derived an expression for the sub-pixel detection capabilities assuming complete knowledge of background and target spectra and the spectral influence of the atmosphere. This derivation assumes that a pixel is comprised of a set of background and target spectral components which when added together, weighted by the area extent, produce the observed spectrum of the pixel. The analysis is done for two sensor types: one that is photon-noise limited and one that is detector-noise limited. Results of this analysis show that the basic sensor parameters can be separated effectively from phenomenology limitations, thus providing an ability to trade sensor parameters, leading to an understanding of their effect on target detection. This derivation forms a framework for discussing conditions for which backgrounds and the atmospheric interferences are not completely known and for cases in which the target spectrum may or may not be known. These results are compared to analyses directed at empirically understanding sensor trades.


In this study, silica derived from corncobs impregnated with sodium hydroxide to obtain sodium silicate was calcined, prepared, and employed as a solid base catalyst for the conversion of oils to biodiesel. The catalyst was characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) methods. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to characterize the biodiesel products. The optimum catalyst conditions were calcination temperature of 400 °C for 2 h, catalyst loading of 2%, and methanol: oil molar ratio of 12:1 at 60 °C for 60 min, that resulted in a yield of 79.49%. The final product conforms to the selected biodiesel fuel properties of European standard (EN14214) specifications. Calcined corncob-derived sodium silicate showed high potential for use as a low-cost, high-performance, simple-to-prepare solid catalyst for biodiesel synthesis.


This study explores optimal pricing strategies in games and other interactive digital goods under incomplete information, when bundling is an option. Drawing from research on the pricing of information goods, we propose a pattern of optimal pricing strategies in which hedonic characteristics affect the utility of interactive digital goods and services. This is a new approach to games, to treat them as a service to determine pricing strategies. Findings reveal that there is an optimal pricing solution for firms in the gaming industry. This finding holds both in bundling and non-bundling cases. Utilizing analytical modeling methodology, we propose pricing-inspired business strategies to the firms operating in the digital gaming industry. Our findings could also be applied to other hedonic interactive digital goods and services. Overall, this study contributes to the existing pricing theories in digital services and information goods.


Localization method for arbitrary deployed sensor nodes and mobile terminals/nodes has been considered as an important research theme in the USN/LBS area. In this paper, a cooperative localization method for a cluster of terminals/nodes with a same objective is presented. The position information of the soldiers, firefighters, athletes, and children in the amusement park free to move is positively necessary for a safe management. However, it is inefficient or impossible to set infra up for localization because the activity space of them may be changed. In this paper, an infra-less localization algorithm is introduced using the IEEE 802.15.4a based accurate ranging among the terminals/nodes.


The method of the Mott‐Littleton first‐order approximation for the polarization work is extended to the case of the removal of two adjacent charges from a rigid lattice of the NaCl type. Numerical results are given for NaCl and RbCl.


CSPs(Chip Size Packages) appear in market in 1996,CSP technology is used for many mobile apparatuses now. This is very effective for minimize the LSI area on the PC Board. The Sony digital camera VCR 'DCR-PC7' uses CSP technology,so PC board area has been reduced by 37% compared with one using conventional SMT. We describe the CSP technology - PC board&design,mounting technology,packaging technology,andreliability. About reliability we describe board assembly reliability especially.


In a revealing paragraph of Bourgeois Opera, Theodor W. Adorno asserts that Claudio Monteverdi's L'Orfeo is the first "authentic" opera and "that it is hardly too much to claim that all opera is Orpheus." Earlier in his essay Adorno adopts the same qualifier "authentic" for operas such as Der Freischütz, Die Zauberflöte, and Il trovatore (thereby intentionally excluding Wagner's works), which he characterizes as "prototypes of the theatrical." The theatrical element of authentic operas consists of "that aura of disguise, of miming, which attracts children to theater," and manifests itself in cloak-and-dagger scenes. The indispensable presence of costumes in any operatic staging, writes Adorno, reflects the audience's basic, childlike delight in dissimulation—gestures and voices working, in this respect, like costumes. Opera, however, does not merely display mimetic components but also preserves magical elements, even in the midst of a disenchanted world. The meaning of opera as a product intended for a judging audience of bourgeois consumers—a function that the genre shares with cinema—is inextricably tied to myth, as the earliest operas show. This link with myth, however, is characterized not so much by sheer imitation of the plots but by music's intervention and transformation of "fate's . . . ties to nature." In the attempted rescue of Eurydice through music, the myth of Orpheus becomes, in Adorno's view, the "archetype of opera," and the correction of mythological plots that often characterizes the genre reveals the Enlightenment's aspiration to subjective freedom. Despite their courtly contexts of production, the first Florentine and Mantuan operas already display this bourgeois and rationalistic element. Opera, in fact, Adorno observes, first truly flourishes in Venice under the "social conditions of an evolved bourgeoisie," in an environment in which Monteverdi figures among "the great opera composers." In the contributions included in this "Early Opera" issue of Opera Quarterly, the reader will find an emphasis on the topics with which Adorno deals in his essay: theatrical and visual elements, magic and myth, subjectivity and modernity, opera and society. Perhaps tendentiously, given its broad title, this issue puts "the first authentic opera" at its center by devoting three essays to it (by Ståle Wikshåland, Bonnie Gordon, and myself ), as well as the sections "Notes from the Stage" and "Auditions" (with contributions by Guillaume Bernardi and Franco Manfriani) and a review (by Wendy Heller); but the reader will also travel along other operatic and nonoperatic avenues in the essays dealing with


Certain novel aryl sulfonyl fluorides, their preparation, and their use in inhibiting serine proteases with chymo trypsin-like and elastase-like specificity. 3 Claims, No Drawings


We have proposed the Speculative Selection Routing (SSR) that improves the capability of selection function for various routing functions [1]. An SSR router would utilize idle cycles of the network links to relay its own condition to adjacent routers (normally the router utilization values), thus, the condition exchange process does not add noticeable delay to the network operation. The SSR router has given messages high selection flexibilities to dynamically adapt with the changing network condition, thus, requiring quite complex hardware to accomplish. In this study, we evaluate the hardware design of an SSR router for 2D torus network. The router is designed based on *-Channels routing function [2], and then the SSR selection is applied. This study describes the speculation hardware to give a more clear view of the hardware implementation. Moreover, we try to estimate the required hardware cost for implementing SSR into *-Channels in a quantitative approach that gives the number of logic gates required for the selection computation.


Method for determining the actuator position (x) of a means of an electric servo motor (3) via a control mechanism (4) movable vehicle part (2) of a vehicle, - wherein during an adjusting process, the rotational speed (n) of a servomotor (3) or a so-correlated signal time-resolved motor are detected, - in which a through analysis of the course of the speed (n) or motor signal an initial idle phase (P - wherein during the setting operation of the motor rotation, a Stellpositionsmas (x ') for the control position of the vehicle part (2) is determined, which at the idle rotation angle (φ characterized, - that the second derivative (d2n) is determined the speed (n) or the engine, or a signal correlated therewith measured variable, - that a test variable (T) is determined by time averaging of the second derivative (d2n) or the hereby correlated measured variable, and - that the end of the initial idle phase (P


More than twenty years after his death, Leo Strauss remains an enigmatic and controversial figure. Commentators, both friendly and hostile, have variously found the pivot point of Strauss's thought in a desired return to Greek thought in some permutations complete with the elitism of the rule of philosopherkings; or in a conservative defense of modern, liberal democracy, especially against Marxist communism; or in a furtive, esoteric, historicist, Nietzschean nihilism hidden behind a clever, rhetorical public teaching on the one hand, or in a dogmatic, hierarchical, inegalitarian understanding of unchanging Nature on the other; in the reflections of a fundamentally Jewish thinker, or in a Socratic skepticism; and on and on. Since his death Strauss has even been at-


We introduce torsoids, a canonical structure in matching covered graphs, corresponding to the bricks and braces of the graph. This allows a more fine-grained understanding of the structure of finite and infinite directed graphs with respect to their 1-separations.


According to the working process of vocational education ideology and theory,this paper proposed a new discussion about teaching methods of the Measurement and Valuation of Architectural Engineering,and made a reasonable unit design for teaching materials.This teaching method can stimulate students' interests,and fully train the students' key professional ability.


ABSTRACT This article explores the Japanese history of women's adult social education after the Second World War and presents a case study of the women's classes held in Chofu City. Under the Allied Occupation following the war, the democratisation of Japan was urgent, and developing women's adult education was indispensable. The newly established Women's and Minors' Bureau and the women's affairs sections of local governments played, as promoters, a pivotal role in enlightening Japanese women and encouraging them to put their own ideas into action. In Chofu City, the women who completed the women's courses or classes became the leaders of a variety of voluntary grassroots movements and learned skills related to progressive action, life improvement and creative activities. In the 1980s, there was an international trend towards gender equality in society. At long last, the open classes for women turned into adult education classes including males.


Nature is a source of diverse chemical structures useful as drugs to human being. This article deals with brief history of drug development since ancient times and evolution of drug products. It describes the development of drugs from natural sources in various therapeutic categories. Modern drug discovery approaches are mentioned with different stages using natural sources such as plants, microbial metabolites, marine invertebrates & animal sources. Transition metal complexes were prepared using coumarin, thiazole & benzophenone cores and screened against M. Tuberculosis.


An explanation is provided of why and how one group of researchers in a Chinese village setting came to focus on what the authors call biological recycle farming. An explanation of applied agricultural research in China is provided. One conclusion reached is that application of research at the village level was largely successful because it was founded on community development principles. Another conclusion is that food production in very marginal Chinese villages can be increased significantly. While the alternative approach discussed cannot be exported wholesale to many other countries of the world, the concepts are very useful for international economic and agricultural development.