The tables of the System of Economic and Environmental Accounts for Water (SEEAW) focus on the quantitative assessment of the stocks and the changes in stocks which occur during the accounting period in a river basin. For that purpose, the information on the abstraction and discharge of water has to be linked with information on the water stocks in the environment, thus enabling an assessment of how current levels of abstraction and discharge affect such water stocks. This study presents the procedure followed to fill the SEEA-Water tables for asset accounts on the Spanish part of the Duero basin. The study has been carried out with support from the Duero River Basin Authority. The main stages of the applied methodology are summarized as follows: (1) Data collection ‐ This task consisted on the compilation of the necessary datasets to achieve SEEAW requirements to fill in the tables. Much of the required data was directly measured through monitoring stations on the ground and remote sensing: weather stations, gauging stations on rivers and reservoirs, levels (or volumes) of water in artificial reservoirs, groundwater piezometric levels, among others. (2) Data estimation ‐ Several required data are not available from direct measurements, and thus such information was estimated by modelling. Two types of models were applied: the 'SIMPA' model, related to hydrometeorological data, and the DSS 'AQUATOOL' and its module 'SIMGES', a basin management simulation software.(3) Data Implementation in SEEAW tables ‐ After the data collection and data estimation phases, all the information was implemented into the tables. Relevant issues considered were: selected units, spatial disaggregation, period of study and considerations between Spanish and Portuguese sides to ensure the validity of the results obtained. Finally some drawbacks, conclusions and recommendations for future work are outlined.


A dial-a-ride system [4] is an application of demand-dependent, collective people transportation. Each user requests a trip between an origin and a destination of choice, to which a number of service level requirements are linked. The service provider attempts to develop efficient routing schedules, respecting these requirements and the technical constraints of a pickup and delivery problem [12]. The balancing of human and economic perspectives involved in solving such a dial-a-ride problem (DARP) explains why these systems are particularly useful for organizing quality-oriented, but efficient transportation for users having special needs, such as door-to-door transportation for elderly and disabled [17]. Since demand for dial-a-ride systems is generally increasing, service providers need efficient planning algorithms to safeguard quality and cost efficiency.


1. Let Λ be a commutative integral ring with 1, к the quotient field, Fa. free module of rank n, and AF the m-th exterior power of F (0 < m < n). It is known that for a multivector ω e AkF to be completely decomposable it is necessary and sufficient that the Plucker condition rk Кш = т should be satisfied; Κω = {χ e kF \ χ Λ ω = 0} is called the module of exterior annihilators. In a ring the Plucker condition is not sufficient for decomposability. DEFINITION. A ring Λ is called an(mX n)-Pliicker ring if every Plucker от-vector ω e A m F ( t h a t is, one that satisfies the Plucker conditions) is representable in the form ω = χ\/\ . . . /\xm, x\ £ f . A ring R is called an OP-ring if R is an (m X л)-РШскег ring for all m and n= m + 1, and it is called a Plucker ring if R is an (m Χ η )-Plucker ring for all m and и, 1 < m < n. DEFINITION. Let A'be a submoduleof a free module F; К is called closed in F if, for all χ eFsuch that there exists an α Φ 0 in R and αχ e K, it follows that χ e K. It is easy to note that modules of exterior annihilators are closed, and conversely, for any closed К с F, rk Кш = т, there exists an ω e AF such that Κω = К. The main Plucker properties of Noetherian rings are described in [1 ] and [2]. The basic results of this paper are Theorems 1 and 2. All examples of Plucker rings known to the author have been obtained on the basis of the following theorem [ 2 ]. Let R be an integral commutative ring with 1, ω e AF, rk Κω = m, and Κω = R ~ ® /, where / is a projective module of rank 1. Then ω is completely decomposable. On the other hand, in a certain sense the converse is true. THEOREM 1. Let R be α Plucker ring and Ρ α projective module of odd rank. Then P = R®I, rk/= 1. The proof is based on results of [3] and [4]. DEFINITION [5]. Let Л be a commutative (not necessarily integral) ring,Л/а finitely presented R -module, and


An 11-year-old male was referred for a 2-deoxy-2F18 fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan (FDG PET/CT) after a CT scan done for restaging of a treated abdominal rhabdomyosarcoma showed a residual abdominal mass. Functional PET imaging showed no active tumor in the abdominal mass, and a right middle lobe lung nodule, which was FDG-avid, and highly suspicious for metastatic disease. A biopsy of the lung nodule revealed cryptococcal pneumonia. The patient was treated for cryptococcal pneumonia and avoided an unnecessary abdominal exploratory laparotomy.


Abstract : This report summarizes results of work on magnetostatic surface wave transducers. Presented are the results for the dispersion relation, radiation resistance and insertion loss for magnetostatic surface wave transducers which may include a gap and apodization. Independent conductors as well as normal modes are considered. Also presented are the results for the dispersion relation for surface waves for a variety of alignments of the externally applied magnetic biasing field. Computerized graphs of the results are presented here. Comparisons are made with results obtained from the analysis of the microstrip model which is also presented. (Author)


The powerful genetic algorithm optimization technique is augmented with an innovative "domain-trimming" modification. The resulting adaptive, high-performance technique is called Genetic Algorithm with Domain-Trimming (GADT). As a proof of concept, the GADT is applied to a widely used benchmark problem. The 10-dimensional truss optimization benchmark problem has well documented global and local minima. The GADT is shown to outperform several published solutions. Subsequently, the GADT is deployed onto three-dimensional structural design optimization for offshore wind turbine supporting structures. The design problem involves complex least-weight topology as well as member size optimizations. The GADT is applied to two popular design alternatives: tripod and quadropod jackets. The two versions of the optimization problem are nonlinearly constrained where the objective function is the material weight of the supporting truss. The considered design variables are the truss members end node coordinates, as well as the cross-sectional areas of the truss members, whereas the constraints are the maximum stresses in members and the maximum displacements of the nodes. These constraints are managed via dynamically modified, nonstationary penalty functions. The structures are subject to gravity, wind, wave, and earthquake loading conditions. The results show that the GADT method is superior in finding best discovered optimal solutions.


Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication is a promising technology that enables high rate (Giga-bit) multi-media applications. In this paper, we consider the directional multigigabit (DMG) transmission problem in IEEE 802.11ad wireless local area network (WLAN). We propose an amendment to the original MAC design of IEEE 802.11ad to eliminate the need to perform beamforming training during station (STA) to STA communication. During A-BFT access period, all STAs beamform with the Access Point (AP) using different time slots. Our mechanism makes STAs listen to other STAs beamform with the AP. We call this Intelligent Listening during A-BFT (ILA). Using this mechanism, each DMG STA can listen to other DMG STAs sector sweep with the AP and get their approximate beam direction which is later used during STA-STA beamforming to considerably reduce the beamforming overhead. We demonstrate via simulations that ILA mechanism considerably improves the network throughput at higher network size.


This laminate optical member manufacturing device is equipped with: an unrolling unit that unrolls a band-shaped optical member sheet from a starting material roll, together with a separator sheet, the optical member sheet having a width corresponding to the display region of an optical display component, in the component width direction, which is orthogonal to the transfer direction of the multiple optical display components being transported on a line; a cutting unit that cuts the optical member sheet along the width direction each time the optical member sheet is unrolled in a length corresponding to the display region, thereby forming an optical member having a size corresponding to the display region; a detection unit that detects the cut line formed by the cutting of the optical member sheet, said detection being at a position downstream from the cutting position where the cutting of the optical member sheet is performed, and at a distance corresponding to one optical member in the direction in which the optical member sheet is unrolled; a control unit that, when a cut line is detected at a detection position separated by a distance of one optical member downstream from the cutting positon, adjusts the distance between the cutting position and the detection position in accordance with the position of the cut line; a tension measurement unit that measures the tension on the optical member sheet unrolled from the unrolling unit; and a tension control unit that controls the tension applied to the optical member sheet on the basis of the result of the measurement of the tension on the optical sheet by the tension measurement unit.


Zimbabwe in 1980, when it became independent from British rule, it inherited a developed and predominantly white controlled economy. Since then, the government of Zimbabwe instituted a number of reforms that transformed the economy from being more of socialism to more of capitalism, as it is today (2013). More importantly, is the change in trade dynamics between 1980 and the post 2000 period. National, global and regional trade developments and resultant policies have also contributed to the noted trade shift. The historical decade of economic contraction and political developments, from the start of the new millennium, affected the country's real economy, as was manifested in shrinking production capacity and hence the composition, value, volume and source of both exports and imports.


Tea is a global economic crop. In the traditional sales model, the quality of tea is difficult to judge via external clues, and it basically relies on consumers to taste and experience it firsthand. However, currently, most e-commerce platforms can only provide consumers with product information and cannot provide experiential services, which strengthens consumers' purchasing concerns and makes it difficult for them to take practical actions even if they have the desire to purchase tea online. Therefore, this article is based on a questionnaire survey of consumers in China, the world's largest tea producing and selling country, using unordered multi classification logistic analysis data and calculating the marginal effect proportion of consistency occurrence. Through data analysis, it is shown that there is a serious inconsistency between consumers' willingness and behavior in choosing online tea purchases. However, under the influence of some internal and external factors, there will also be positive changes; for example, the level of education, online shopping age, familiarity with tea, convenience, product diversification, online evaluation, and other variables will increase the motivation for consumers to convert their purchase intention into actual behavior. In addition, increasing the level of variables such as age, cultural association, cultural experience, convenience, information reliability, award-winning status, familiarity with tea, product diversity, online evaluation, and service attitude in online shopping can enhance consumers' willingness to shop online and reduce extreme situations where there is neither intention nor behavior. This study provides evidence from a consumer perspective to enhance the efficiency of tea e-commerce marketing and proposes countermeasures and suggestions based on the research results, which could also provide ideas for marketing strategies for tea or other similar agricultural products.


We have used MTT assay to examine the effect of Fludarabine on lymphocytes of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 14 non-treated and 49 resistant patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia were enrolled in this study. 61,2 % of patients responded to Fludarabine. Here, we show that the low IC50 is more effective in treatment of disease: IC50 of the complete remission was 0,61±0,21 mkg/ml, the partial remission 1,69±0,56 mkg/ml, the stabilization of disease 3,5±1,3 mkg/ml, the progression of disease 10,21±6,5 mkg/ml. In case of sensitivity toward Fludarabine, observed in vitro test 82,4 % patients (n=17) responded to treatment and only 37,5 % (n=16) patients responded in resistant group of patients. The data are statistically significant.


It illuminates the method of repairing the cracks of raw materials mills cover,and the solutions of cracks in ZG35 welding procedure,which has the reference meaning to the medium carbon steel welding repairing.


The major antigen region of NSP2 gene,dNSP2,was successfully amplified by PCR and cloned into pGEM-T Easy vector from a plasmid of highly pathogenic PRRSV(JX0601 strain).After verified by sequencing,this fragment was subcloned into prokaryotic expression vector pET-32a,which constructed the recombinant expression vector pET-dNSP2.Its expression character was induced under different concentrations of IPTG at 37 ℃ in E.coli BL21(DE3),and analyzed by SDS-PAGE.The results showed that the recombinant protein was about 38.3 ku when purified by His Bind Purification Kit and could react positively with the swine antiserum of PRRSV by Western blot.This research provided fundamental data on diagnostic kit development of PRRSV.


An elevated N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level is associated with the presence of heart failure (HF). However, the significance of slight elevations is unclear in patients without structural cardiopathy. The aim of our study was to measure plasma levels of NT-proBNP in patients without structural cardiopathy, as determined by echocardiography, and establish a relationship with parameters defining diastolic function (DF) by echocardiography. We measured NT-proBNP levels in 82 patients without structural cardiopathy and simultaneously performed Doppler echocardiography. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether their DF was normal (NDF) or abnormal (ADF). Significantly higher levels of NT-proBNP existed in those patients with ADF as compared to patients with NDF (pb0.01). We found a significant correlation between NT-proBNP levels and early mitral filling velocity (E) divided by the early velocity of the medial mitral valve annulus (Em; pb0.01; r=0.31). Globally, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) for the ADF group was 0.94 with an optimal cut off of 55 pg/ml, giving a sensitivity (SE) of 91% and a specificity (SP) of 86%. Cut off points for those over 55 years of age and younger patients were similar (58 pg/ml with a SE of 90% and a SP of 83% versus 55 pg/ml with a SE of 91% and a SP of 86%, respectively), as were those for males (63 pg/ml with a SE of 84% and a SP of 93%) and females (55 pg/ml with a SE of 84% and a SP of 93%). In conclusion, slightly elevated NT-proBNP levels in patients without structural cardiopathy are associated with altered DF parameters, independently of age or gender. © 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.


Considering the changes brought by the development of mobile technologies and devices, both in the behavior and the preferences of individuals, as well as aspects related to the demographic evolution and the generational classification of the world population, a study was conducted to identify the generational preferences of tourists for the systems and tools used in the online travel booking; it was also considered that tourism is recognized as an adopting industry of all new mobile technologies and ITC solutions, but also being permanently adapted to the behavioral changes of tourists; this article contains, in the first part, a statistical picture on aspects related to the behavioral preferences of tourists according to their generation, and in the second part, the results of the study carried out; We believe the results obtained can provide important insights to the tourism industry, but also those in related industries and obviously for tourists.


Universities have broadly similar functions in the innovation systems of most industrial and industrializing countries; however the relevance of their role alters substantially. In Brazil, universities are the most important knowledge producers. Departing from the evidence that they do not form a homogeneous group (which is corroborated using the T-Theil index of inequality), a possible classification is then suggested: 'leader universities', 'threshold universities' and 'unveiling universities,' which are in turn divided into two different subclasses: 'catching-up universities' and 'embryonic universities'. This paper demonstrates that even though the largest allocation on financial resources goes to 'hard sciences', there is a large allocation of human resources within humanities, applied social sciences and linguistics, arts and literature (soft sciences). This distortion in the distribution of researchers with a relative high concentration in humanities and applied social science may directly affect the countries innovation capacity. Brazil may not be producing the quantity of pertinent human resources expected to compete in the world's technological advanced markets.


Finding Conserved Patterns in Biological Sequences, Networks and Genomes. (December 2007) Qingwu Yang, B.S., Peking University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Sing-Hoi Sze Biological patterns are widely used for identifying biologically interesting regions within macromolecules, classifying biological objects, predicting functions and studying evolution. Good pattern finding algorithms will help biologists to formulate and validate hypotheses in an attempt to obtain important insights into the complex mechanisms of living things. In this dissertation, we aim to improve and develop algorithms for five biological pattern finding problems. For the multiple sequence alignment problem, we propose an alternative formulation in which a final alignment is obtained by preserving pairwise alignments specified by edges of a given tree. In contrast with traditional NPhard formulations, our preserving alignment formulation can be solved in polynomial time without using a heuristic, while having very good accuracy. For the path matching problem, we take advantage of the linearity of the query path to reduce the problem to finding a longest weighted path in a directed acyclic graph. We can find k paths with top scores in a network from the query path in polynomial time. As many biological pathways are not linear, our graph matching approach allows a non-linear graph query to be given. Our graph matching formulation overcomes the common weakness of previous approaches that there is no guarantee on the quality of the results. For the gene cluster finding problem, we investigate a formulation based on con-


One of the most robust phenomena in behavioral studies of decision making is loss aversion, the tendency for people to exhibit greater sensitivity to losses than to equivalent sized gains. We measured brain activity while individuals decided whether to accept or reject gambles without feedback. This design isolated activity reflecting decisions without contamination by the anticipation or experience of impending monetary gains or losses. A broad neural network (including midbrain dopaminergic regions and their limbic and cortical targets) showed increasing activity as the potential gain increased, whereas an overlapping set of regions showed decreasing activity as the potential loss increased. Thus, potential losses did not engage a separate set of emotional brain systems, but were instead represented by decreasing activity in several gain-sensitive areas. Moreover, these regions exhibited neural loss aversion as shown by their greater sensitivity to losses than gains. Finally, individual differences in behavioral loss aversion were predicted by a measure of neural loss aversion in several regions including ventral striatum and prefrontal cortex. These results provide the first neuroscientific evidence that risk aversion is driven by the brain's greater sensitivity to losses than gains. Main text Many decisions, such as whether to invest in the stock market or whether to accept a new job, involve the possibility of either gaining or losing relative to the status quo. When faced with such decisions, most people are strikingly risk averse. For instance, when deciding whether to accept gambles that offer a 50/50 chance of gaining or losing money, people typically only accept gambles in which the amount that could be gained is at least twice the amount that could be lost (e.g., a 50/50 chance to either gain $100 or lose $50) (1). Prospect theory, the most successful behavioral model of decision making under risk and uncertainty (1, 2), explains risk aversion for " mixed " (gain/loss) gambles using the concept of loss aversion: People are more sensitive to the possibility of losing objects or money than they are to the possibility of gaining the same objects or amounts of money (1, 3, 4). Thus, people typically require a potential gain of at least $100 to make up for exposure to a potential loss of $50 because the subjective impact of losses is roughly twice that of gains. Loss aversion also applies to decisions that involve no risk (5). For example, in one study, students who were randomly assigned …


essentially a response, man's response to God's Word.' 1 Before God's wondrous redemption wrought in Jesus Christ the Church stands in wonder and in praise. Having heard the gospel promises the Church worships and the congregation draws near with boldness to the throne of grace in the name of Jesus Christ. The Word of grace is also an imperative and worship reaches its climax and close with the congregation's Offering, Oblation, and Dedication. In worship the whole drama of salvation is made particular and contemporary without losing its eschatological dimension. 1 Raymond Abba, Principles of Christian Worship, 5.


The utility model discloses a double-fed asynchronous generator variable-speed constant-frequency type ocean current power-generating system which is in grid connection with a three-phase network. The power-generating system comprises a hydroturbine, a bed frame, a main shaft, a step-up gearbox, a double-fed asynchronous generator, an excitation current transformer and an airtight cabin, wherein the hydroturbine is mounted on the bed frame; the main shaft is connected among the hydroturbine, the step-up gearbox and the double-fed asynchronous generator; the excitation current transformer comprises a generator-side current transformer unit and a network-side current transformer unit; a direct current capacitor is further in parallel connection between the generator-side current transformer unit and the network-side current transformer unit; both the stator and the rotor of the double-fed asynchronous generator are in winding type structures, wherein the stator is directly connected with the three-phase network, the rotor is connected with the generator-side current transformer unit, and the network-side current transformer unit is connected with the three-phase network; and except for the hydroturbine and the bed frame, all of the other equipment are arranged in the airtight cabin. The power-generating system can be used for generating electrical energy in a range with wide seawater flow rates and realizing grid connection, thus the double-fed asynchronous generator variable-speed constant-frequency type ocean current power-generating system disclosed by the utility model is suitable for application on a large scale in projects.


Roughly 30 years ago, the first intracellular recordings were obtained from intestinal neurones, and amongst the neuronal classes described was a neurone that exhibited an extremely prolonged afterhyperpolarization (AHP; measured in seconds) following a single action potential. Ever since their discovery, these neurones with the long-lasting AHP have been clouded in controversies, including, for example, What to call them (AH neurones, type 2 neurones or type 2/AH neurones?); How best to identify them (presence or absence of fast synaptic input or shoulder on the repolarizing phase of the action potential?); What transmitter mediates their slow EPSPs (serotonin, substance P, acetylcholine...?); How to describe their functional role in enteric circuitry [intrinsic primary afferent neurones (IPANs) or intrinsic sensory neurones or interneurones?] and, Are they the only intrinsic sensory neurones in the gut, or do some S neurones also respond directly to mechanical stimulation. Despite these controversies, many features of AH neurones have become clear, and it is universally accepted that they are a critical component of enteric reflex circuitry. AH neurones have a Dogiel type II morphology, they extend processes into the lamina propria of the mucosal layer, and they can be directly activated by stretch and by mechanical or chemical stimulation of the mucosa (see Ref. for a review). Furthermore, AH neurones appear to form synaptic networks with one another (see Ref. for a review). Therefore, AH neurones are thought to form the afferent limb of intrinsic reflex circuits, and AH neurones may be able to coordinate their activities by forming a network amongst themselves. It has long been appreciated that the prolonged AHP in these neurones is mediated by a Ca-activated K conductance, and inhibition of this conductance contributes to the depolarization, decrease in AHP magnitude and increase in excitability during slow EPSPs and in response to a variety of excitatory agonists (see Ref. for a review). More recently, a channel underlying the hyperpolarizing phase of the AHP has been identified as an intermediate conductance, Ca activated K (IK; KCNN4) channel. Resolving the roles of AH neurones, and in particular how their characteristic AHP contributes to normal gut function has been a difficult task, but the identification of the channels that underlie the AHP has led to progress in this direction. In this issue of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, Ferens et al. describe the results of a study examining whether altering the IK current that underlies the AHP affects the synchronicity of AH neuronal networks, and whether this current constitutes a potential switch between patterns of intestinal motility.


The banking sector in Singapore is a growing service business associated with high rates of work-related stress where staff performance and morale are pertinent. However, limited studies have studied psychosocial well-being impacting employees in the banks in Singapore. Thus, this cross-sectional study aims to close the gap by: 1) establishing the prevalence rates of the three main psychosocial illnesses, namely, depression, anxiety and stress among employees in the banking sector in Singapore; 2) identifying demographic and work-related factors contributing to the increase in such psychosocial illnesses; 3) make recommendations to banks in order to improve their employees' psychosocial conditions. A total of 400 valid responses were collected from banking employees in Singapore. The prevalence rates of severe depression, anxiety and stress were established as 38%, 70% and 32%, respectively. Marital status, personal income, race, tenure at organisations, and increased responsibility contributed to the increase in such psychosocial illness. Banks should reduce the heavy workload and responsibility or provide more role clarity to employees to ease out their employees' psychosocial illness.


By using a Sylvester equation based parametrization, the minimum norm robust pole assignment problem for linear time-invariant systems is formulated as an unconstrained minimization problem for a suitably chosen cost function. The derived explicit expression of the gradient of the cost function allows the efficient solution of the minimization problem by using powerful gradient search based minimization techniques. We also discuss how requirements for a particular Jordan structure of the closed-loop state matrix or for partial pole assignment can be accommodated with the proposed approach.


The Matatu sector in Kenya is a key driver of the economy that keeps recording significant positive contributions and growth. The sector is an employer of thousands of Kenyans who would otherwise be unemployed. The sector is hugely responsible for the flexible movement of Kenyan workers and the general public as they go about their daily activities in an effort to contribute to nation building. In terms of absolute figures, the sector contributed about 3% to the country's GDP in 2008, 3.5% in 2009 and 5.9% in 2010. The Sacco movement within the Matatu sector was introduced in 2010 and since then, the sector has witnessed decrease in growth. In 2011, the sector generated a GDP of 5.0%, 4.7% in 2012, 4.5% in 2013 and 4.2% in 2014 (KNBS, 2014).According to the economic survey report of 2015, this statistical analysis shows a trend of a decrease in growth in the sector between 2010 and 2014 in the economy. This study seeks to find out causes of decline in performance since introduction of Matatu Saccos in Kenya.The previous studies on strategic planning process and performance have focused on banks and Saccos but no study has been done on Matatu Saccos in Kenya.


This article describes the theoretical background leading to the establishment of the German method of capacity determination at rural intersections. The variables that determine the number of vehicles that can cross an intersection are discussed, and the relevant equations are given. The derivations are illustrated with graphs.


obviate problems of language boundary detection and language identification (LID) involved in the former scheme, the one-pass recognizer with a multilingual language and acoustic models is preferred. These models are used to support clustering of similar speech sounds across the targeted languages so as to reduce the recognition system training data and thereby contribute to the performance improvement of one-pass recognizer. The preliminary results of an HMM-based one-pass recognizer are presented.


Abstract Classic buffer monitoring methods only consider the buffer consumption amount, while the subsequent trend information of buffer consumption is ignored. In this paper, we propose an integrated buffer monitoring method. First, the prediction model based on grey neural network is established, and the follow-up buffer consumption is predicted quantitatively according to the past and present performance data at the project monitoring points. Second, considering the relationship between the buffered consumed and the follow-up buffer consumption, a buffer integrated monitoring system is formed based on the integrated quantitative analysis on the buffer consumed and the subsequent trend information at each monitoring point. Finally, the Monte Carlo simulation experiment is carried out to validate the model system. The results show that, as opposed to the classic buffer monitoring methods, the proposed method can control the progress of the project comprehensively and reduce the fluctuation of project duration, thus achieving the double optimisation of project duration and cost under the premise of guaranteeing the completion probability.


This paper will discuss the estimation of the multi-robot position. It may be difficult for all sensors to submit their observations due to communication constraints on the multi-robot system. Thus, in this paper, we will estimate the position of each robot with limited communication between robots using decentralized estimation. Since the multi-robot system is non-linear, the extended Kalman filter is used as an estimation method. The combination of decentralized estimation and extended Kalman filter is called a decentralized extended Kalman filter. In the multi-robot system, each robot is represented as a node that makes its prediction. Assumed that some of the nodes will interact with their closest neighbors, so the measurement information will be transferred. Based on simulation results, the decentralized extended Kalman filter algorithm runs well for estimation in a multi-robot position.


ABSTRACT Graphite-modified magnetite (Fe3O4) has been incorporated to brushite bone cement to prepare novel injectable magnetic bone cement (NIMC) for hyperthermia. The results reveal that NIMC with a setting time of 30 min is injectable and anti-washout. Under the magnetic field of 1.59 × 106 A/m, the saturation magnetisation of NIMC is 28.01 A·m2/Kg, higher than that of the contrast with non-modified magnetite. Moreover, after exposed to an alternating magnetic field (340 kHz, 1.13 × 103 A/m) for 200 s, the specific absorption rate values of NIMC and the contrast are 30.20 W/g and 18.75 W/g, respectively. NIMC displays much better heating ability than the contrast. Moreover, IMBC has no cytotoxicity to MG-63 cells, and MG-63 cells can adhere and spread on the cement after co-culturing for 7 days. Therefore, this novel magnetic bone cement has the potential to be used for hyperthermia.


To determine the impact of the electrode composite parameters of metal-ion intercalation into host materials with poor conductivity, the processes were simulated with varying possible values of parameters. A physical model is proposed for the intercalation into an active material particle that has point contacts with an electronic conductor, considering the change in phase conductivity during intercalation. The basis of the model is the processes of electron migration through the phase of the poorly conductive material to its interface with the electrolyte, intercalation of cations from the electrolyte into the cathode material, formation of intercalated phase, and its subsequent diffusive propagation into the material bulk. The finite element method implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics software was used for numerical simulation. The effect of electrical conductivity, kinetic parameters at the interfaces, mass transfer of intercalated atoms in the host material, and the number of electronic contacts with cathode particle were simulated. The strong dependence of the kinetics of the de/intercalation process on the number of electronic contacts on the particle is discovered. It is shown that starting from certain values of the conductivity of the intercalation material, the reaction can be described by the equipotential surface approximation.


Hindu religious education is the implementation and internalization of values originating from the Vedic scriptures and other Hindu religious scriptures. One of the Hindu religious scripture that teaches about how to shape the behavior of superhuman children is the Nitisastra. The purpose of this study was to describe the application of Hindu religious educational values in the Nitisastra scripture to shape the behavior of the superhuman children. The method used is qualitative research, with data collection techniques namely observation, interviews and literature study. The results of the study show that Nitisastra contains knowledge about noble values and views of life in society that are worthy of being used as a way of life. In a family, naturally someone yearns for the birth of an ideal son according to the teachings of Hinduism, namely the son of suputra. A child who is virtuous, intelligent, wise, and proud of his family can be called a son of a son. The Nitisastra scripture can be used as a guide for parents to educate their children, because nowadays there are many cases of children who do not respect their parents. The Nitisastra scripture explains that the role of the family (father and mother) is to educate and shape the behavior of the sons of suputra so that one day they will be able to become the next generation.


Wind energy conversion system fed EV battery charging system using single phase bridgeless cuk converter is proposed in this paper. PMSG is employed in the WECS to convert the mechanical energy into electrical ac power. In standalone wind energy conversion systems, two stage ac-dc & dc-dc converters are employed to obtain the desired output. The bridgeless cuk converter employed in the proposed charger is a single stage converter which acts as rectifier as well as dc-dc converter. The bridgeless cuk converter converts the ac voltage generated from PMSG into a desired dc voltage for charging the battery of an electric vehicle. Thus, an intermediate stage of power conversion is reduced in the proposed system. Also, a simple output voltage controller is employed in the proposed system to charge the electric vehicle battery with constant voltage irrespective of the wind speed. The proposed off-board EV battery charger is simulated in Simulink environment of MATLAB software and the results obtained are furnished in this paper. The experimental investigation has been carried out in the developed laboratory prototype of the EV battery charging system and the obtained results are furnished in this paper.


A novel numerical method is proposed for modelling time‐harmonic acoustic propagation of short wavelength disturbances on non‐uniform potential flows. The method is based on the partition of unity finite element method in which a local basis of discrete plane waves is used to enrich the conventional finite element approximation space. The basis functions are local solutions of the governing equations. They are able to represent accurately the highly oscillatory behaviour of the solution within each element while taking into account the convective effect of the flow and the spatial variation in local sound speed when the flow is non‐uniform. Many wavelengths can be included within a single element leading to ultra‐sparse meshes. Results presented in this article will demonstrate that accurate solutions can be obtained in this way for a greatly reduced number of degrees of freedom when compared to conventional element or grid‐based schemes. Numerical results for lined uniform two‐dimensional ducts and for non‐uniform axisymmetric ducts are presented to indicate the accuracy and performance which can be achieved. Numerical studies indicate that the 'pollution' effect associated with cumulative dispersion error in conventional finite element schemes is largely eliminated. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


List of Figures List of Musical Examples Foreword: Telling History 1. Eve Sings, An Origin Story Melody Eve Sings Muteness Oral Pleasures Melos and Mimesis Mortal Melody Perfect prosody, androgynous melody Selfless Singers NOTES TO CHAPTER ONE The Mother Tongue Teaching the modern ABCs The People's Mouth L Figures of Speech Talking Machines Indelible Accents NOTES TO CHAPTER TWO Free Speech, Free Verse, and Music Before All Things Poetry and the People Vibrations of Language Accentus/ ad cantus Music After All Transcribing the voix parlee Unsung symbols NOTES TO CHAPTER THREE 4. L'Art de dire, or Language in Performance Venetian glass and marqueterie Vibrant noise, expressive elegance Dir(e) Expressions lyriques Forget that you are singers A Bird in a branch NOTES TO CHAPTER FOUR 5. Farewell to an Idea La verite Natural history Une voix du passe? Realism revisited In the shadow of the Faun Mirages NOTES TO CHAPTER FIVE Bibliography


Inability to palpate the vas deferens in routine examination should alert the physician to explore the possibility of associated renal anomalies. We encountered four clinical cases of congenital unilateral renal agenesis associated with ipsilateral agenesis of the vas deferens.


Traditional synchronization techniques are usually challenged by Faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) systems which drop orthogonal pulses to the advantage of an increased spectral efficiency. In this letter, we studied pilot-aided timing estimation in FTN scenarios, based on the Cramér–Rao bound minimization. We established a closed-form approximation of the bound to explain the relation between optimal pilot sequences and the waveform's parameters (i.e., signaling density and pulse shape). In particular, we showed that optimal sequences at the Nyquist rate can be non-informative in FTN scenarios.


Abstract Horseshoe crabs as a group are renowned for their morphological conservatism punctuated by marked shifts in morphology associated with the occupation of non-marine environments and have been suggested to exhibit a consistent developmental trajectory throughout their evolutionary history. Here, we report a new species of horseshoe crab from the Ordovician (Late Sandbian) of Kingston, Ontario, Canada, from juvenile and adult material. This new species provides critical insight into the ontogeny and morphology of the earliest horseshoe crabs, indicating that at least some Palaeozoic forms had freely articulating tergites anterior to the fused thoracetron and an opisthosoma comprising 13 segments.


In this paper we present the design and implementation of ar- chitectures suitable for evolving digital circuits and show how these archi- tectures can be instantiated on 'o-the-shelf' commercial programmable logic devices such as Field Programmble Gate Arrays (FPGA's). We dis- cuss architecture details and the design flow from the initial cell speci- cation through to targeting specic commercial devices. We also present an example of such an implementation, where a simple ne-grained pro- grammable logic array is designed and targeted to a number of popular commercial FPGA's. A critical discussion of this approach is also given.


There has been much work on compressing database indexes, but less on compressing the data itself. We examine the performance gains to be made by compression outside the index. A novel compression algorithm is reported, which enables the processing of queries without decompressing data needed to perform join operations in a database built on a triple store. The results of modelling the performance of the database with and without compression are given and compared with other recent work in this area. It is found that for some applications, gains in performance of over 50% are achievable, and in OLTP-like situations, there are also gains to be made.


This document provides a detailed leak detection test plan and schedule for leak testing many of the pipelines that comprise the active portion of the liquid low-level waste (LLLW) system at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). This plan was prepared in response to the requirements of the Federal Facility Agreement (FFA) between the US Department of Energy (DOE) and two other agencies, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation (TDEC). The LLLW system is an interconnected complex of tanks and pipelines. The FFA distinguishes four categories of tank and pipeline systems within this complex: new systems (Category A), doubly contained systems (Category B), singly contained systems (Category C), and inactive systems (Category D). The FFA specifically requires leak testing of the Category C systems. This plan and schedule addresses leak testing of the Category C pipelines and those doubly contained pipelines that do not fully meet the requirements for secondary containment as listed in the FFA.


Large commercial buildings often use a chiller to provide comfort cooling to the occupied spaces. A chiller is a machine using a refrigeration cycle to chill water to approximately 6oC. This water is pumped around the building and exchanges heat with air via a water coil, and the air cools the occupied spaces. Coffs Harbour Regional Airport, owned by the Coffs Harbour City Council, recently undertook an upgrade of their ageing, poorly performing and badly corroded chiller. Initially they were going to replace like for like, but after a consultation and research period, decided to embark on a more ambitious project with greater capital costs, but greatly reduced anticipated lifetime cost. This paper outlines the comprehensive analysis undertaken to determine the failings of the existing system, the steps taken during the option study phase, the outcomes of the lifetime analysis and the design changes that came about due to this analysis. It also presents the electricity consumption data for the facility over the last nine months, extrapolating this out to the likely life of the equipment.


A highly sensitive nitrite (NO2−) electrochemical sensor is fabricated using glassy carbon electrode modified with Au nanoparticle and grapheme oxide. Briefly, this electrochemical sensor was prepared by drop-coating graphene oxide-chitosan mixed film on the surface of the electrode and then electrodepositing a layer of Au nanoparticle using cyclic voltammetry. The electrochemical behavior of NO2− on the sensor was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and amperometric i-t curve. The results showed that the sensor exhibited better electrocatalytic activity for NO2− in 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffer solution (PBS) (pH 5.0). The oxidation peak current was positively correlated with NO2− concentration in the ranges of 0.9 µM to 18.9 µM. The detection limit was estimated to be 0.3 µM. In addition, the interference of some common ions (e.g., NO3−, CO32−, SO42−, Cl−, Ca2+ and Mg2+) and oxidizable compound including sodium sulfite and ascorbic acid in the detection of nitrite was also studied. The results show that this sensor is more sensitive and selective to NO2−. Therefore, this electrochemical sensor provided an effective tool for the detection of NO2−.


When we observe that a person holds what appear to be absurd beliefs, there is a temptation to correct them. These efforts are often condemnatory and fail to take into account the reasoning behind such beliefs. These ideas comprise each person's respective explanation for why it is that the world appears to them as it does. There are those whose lives are existentially painful and their explanations for their suffering are critical to their continued survival. I argue that condemning a existentially pained person for holding their particular explanation is morally impermissible. I aim to show that both Kant's categorical imperative and hedonistic utilitarianism support my claim that explanatory condemnation is impermissible. As a result of this discussion, I also argue that if the aim is to minimize the number of suicides amongst existentially pained persons, suicide should be regarded as permissible, regardless of the actual moral status of the act.


We estimate the order of magnitude of the annual change in the Earth's orbital radius caused by the Sun's steadily decreasing mass due to its fusion-produced power output. Discussion of this calculation should be appropriate for use with a strong high-school or a first-year university class, and gives a result of an increase of about one centimetre per year.


This paper presents an alternative mechanism to the conventional method of converting ambient acoustic energy to electric energy. The proposed mechanism produces alternate current by harnessing the energy of background sound waves which can be converted it into direct current to be used by an electronic device. The proposed mechanism can remove the limitation of portable devices having to carry primary cells and provides an environment-friendly manner of using acoustic waves for energy production. Furthermore, it reduces the intensity of ambient acoustic waves and hence reduces noise pollution.


To further reduce the imaging time and improve the image quality,an improved GRAPPA algorithm of finite impulse response(FIR) is presented.Compared with the conventional GRAPPA algorithms with fixed weights,the proposed algorithm considers the phase change of the weighted coefficients,has a better description for the correlation of k-space data,and is more consistent with the physical process of data fitting for parallel imaging.To demonstrate the validity of the improved algorithm,the simulation experiments were performed with the original data of brain and cardiac images.The reconstructed images and the mean square error(MSE) were obtained with a higher acceleration factor,and were compared with the conventional and other GRAPPA algorithms.The results show that the reconstructed images are clearer and the MSE value are much smaller using the proposed algorithm.Therefore,the improved k-space data acquisition algorithm is effective and feasible.


In accordance with the technology development, the beauty variation and mode in Indonesia also develop, signed by the development of cosmetics product with various types and complete colors choice. The cosmetics companies are expected to be proactive on facing the technological changes and the strict competition by giving excessive values to the products, so that each of the product will bring the different impression. The consumers always evaluate the products which are considered fulfill their needs and look for the information which are relevant with their needs before making decision to buy the products. This research aim at knowing the factors that influence the decision of buying the face cleaner namely Ovale and knowing the significance of those factors. This research uses factor analysis as the instrument to identify the significance level of the factors which influence the decision making to buy the Ovale face cleaner. The result of this research shows there are three main factors which influence the consumers to buy Ovale face cleaner i.e., product, price, and promotion factors. The result of hypothetical test shows that product factors is the most dominant factor that affect the consumer to buy Ovale face cleaner.


Advanced planning system is an optimized computer system in the supply chain management. In this article, we introduced the structure of the system, the arithmetic theory and the main character. In the application, we introduce some software modules and profit that APS system bring for the firms. Finally, we summarize the APS system and forecast its future.


An advanced algorithm for solving graphs isomorphism problem is proposed and experimental results of its efficiency are presented. Object of investigation is set of control flow graphs of solutions achieved, that were received after circumvent of the semantic network by Warren abstract machine.


A great deal of politics seems to be about the future, and much of the future seems to be managed by politics. Political networks develop narratives and ordering mechanisms that negotiate continuity and change in societies, and attempt to manage the contingency created by an entirely elusive future. In functionally differentiated societies, Luhmann (2002: 151) suggests that the political system creates the impression of a future that is being taken care of. And in many former colonies, governments find themselves confronted with widespread and long-standing expectations of ›development‹, which are placed in the more or less proximate future (see Mitchell 2014: 500).1 When studying as to why and how the future is significant for people, it thus becomes important to take a closer look at politics. It should be particularly revealing to look at political upheavals, the »realm of contingency« where the taken-for-grantedness of political regimes is dismantled (Branch and Mampilly 2015: 10), and where uncertainty looms large as to who will deal with the future in the future. In this chapter, I analyse interviews and conversations with young men who were directly involved in popular upheavals in England and Guinea. My central question is how these young men talk about the


Hydraulic support connector is the important part to connect a hydraulic support and scraper conveyor.We are the first in China to adopt welding structure and low-alloy steel plate to manufacture the connector,carrying out the pioneer to innovate the structure of connector.This kind of connector ensures the reliability of the connection between a hydraulic support and scraper conveyor technically and materially,and reduces the accident rate,and increases the operation time of the equipment.


more space in the book given over to a discussion of the plethora of qualitative research available in this area, this text would be more relevant, appealing and readable. In terms of structure, the chapters are not organized along a timeline or grouped according to distinct subjects, though perhaps this might have helped. The author's historical overview of immigration patterns in Chapter 2 is too brief, and is usurped by the powerful discussion of the relative merits of leading immigrant residential assimilation models. The application of relevant social theories is referred to quite unsystematically however. Putnam's work on social capital, most pertinently, is not introduced until the end of the second-to-last chapter. Its use is encouraging, but it simply comes too late. If utilized earlier, the scope of this analysis would have broadened, principally because the concept underpins the relative success of residential assimilation among disparate groups. Readers may also be disappointed to discover that 80 pages – that's over a third of the book – is occupied by appendices, notes, references and an index, leaving a miserly 140 or so pages of actual analysis. Reducing this final section would have provided space to incorporate some of the changes suggested above. Notwithstanding these weaknesses, the book provides a comprehensive review of literature in this area. It is impressively wide ranging, dealing not only with black and Hispanic populations in the US, both of which have received considerable attention already, but also minority non-white and immigrant populations. It is fair in its analysis of distinct black and non-white Hispanic sub-groups, showing care not to treat them homogenously. For these reasons, its relevance to social policy makers would be considerable, and it is with members of this group that the book should find recognition.


Despite the numerous advantages of customary arbitration, there are certain practical challenges associated with its practice which has hindered its development as an alternative dispute mechanism in Nigeria. These challenges largely stem from the courts trying to infuse the features of arbitrationunder the Nigerian Arbitration and Conciliation Act into customary arbitration – with the two having obvious incompatible features. This paper makes critical review of some of these challenges with a view to suggesting a way forward so as to enhance the progressive development of customary arbitration as a dispute resolution process in Nigeria.


Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) are semiconductor heterostructures where lasing is achieved using transitions between localized quantum states. QCLs have received a considerable amount of attention ever since their first experimental realization in 1994 [1] and a wide range of modeling techniques, at varying degrees of approximation, have been employed to simulate electron transport in these structures [2], [3], [4], [5], [6]. A popular technique is to assume transport is semiclassical, due to scattering between quasi-bound states, with the rates calculated using Fermi's golden rule [3], [4]. Such an approximation is valid as long as transport is mostly incoherent. However, in THz QCLs, coherent transport and dephasing play important roles and have to be included [7]. Here, we demonstrate that the Wigner function formalism can accurately describe the effects of coherence and dephasing in THz QCLs, while avoiding the computational requirements of approaches using nonequilibrium Green's functions (NEGF) [5]. We solve the Wigner-Boltzmann transport equation (WBTE) using a particle-based numerical method [8], [9] where periodic boundary conditions are easily implemented. This approach is valid as long as the electron coherence length is shorter than the simulation domain. One of the advantages of this method is that the computational burden scales linearly with the system length. This is because the Wigner function f(z, k) is defined in phase space, so doubling the system length only doubles the number of needed mesh points (and particle number) in the z direction. This is in contrast to density matrix approaches where doubling the system size results in a 4-fold increase due to the density matrix ρ(z1, z2) dependence on two positions. To demonstrate the validity of the Wigner function approach, we simulated a THz frequency QCL from Ref. [10], where lasing at a frequency of 1.8 THz was obtained for temperatures up to 168 K. Figure 1 shows the calculated conduction band profile, which is obtained from the WBTE simulation coupled with Poisson's equation. Also shown are the relevant subbands and their occupation at the design electric field of 15 kV/cm. From the figure we can see that our results predict a relative occupation n5/n4 1.64, where n5 (n4) is the occupation of the upper (lower) lasing level. The results are consistent with the device achieving lasing at the design electric field of 15 kV/cm. Figure 2 shows the calculated current density vs electric field for lattice temperature in the range 50-300 K. At low temperatures, the relationship between current density and electric field is highly non-linear with a plateau around 7 kV/cm and an NDR region around 13 kV/cm. However, at room temperature, the fine features are nearly washed out due to enhanced electron-phonon scattering, and the current vs field relationship is almost linear. Figure 3 shows the steady-state Wigner function for different values of the applied electric field for a lattice temperature of 50 K. At zero field, electrons mostly occupy the ground state in the widest well and coupling between adjacent stages is low. For intermediate field strength (7.5 kV/cm), electrons also occupy the narrower wells and transport can be described as coupling between ground states in individual wells. At a higher field (15.0 kV/cm) significant delocalization occurs and states that are delocalized over multipe wells are occupied. The region around k = 0 in which the Wigner function has negative values are signs of high occupation of states that are delocalized between two or more wells, such as the upper and lower lasing level shown in Fig. 1. We have demonstrated that the Wigner function


Lasers for marking, direct application laser systems as well as high power solid state lasers require highly reliable, high efficient and low cost laser diodes. Especially fiber lasers and direct diode systems have additionally the need for high brightness. For a very long time either single emitter solutions with low brightness and costs or beam shaped bar solutions with high brightness and high costs served those needs. Since roughly 2 years multiple single emitter solution are more and more penetrating the market showing a high potential for serving all needs of a broad customer base. Based on the 50W product introduced by the middle of 2009 we would like to show the design which is based on qualified and highly stable single emitters.


A without undergoing variations in characteristics due influence of instrumental error operating conditions and operating environment and THV, can be estimated P2, to provide a control apparatus for an internal combustion engine. WG instruction value for WGV control unit 220 for driving the WGV33a provided in the bypass passage 33 that bypasses the A turbocharger 32, the upstream intake air pressure to the exhaust gas amount when the most weakened state supercharging and relationships, using the relationship between the throttle upstream pressure on opening and the engine speed and the intake manifold pressure of the throttle valve 23, the larger value calculated in each relationship that the throttle upstream pressure estimate Accordingly, without mounting the throttle upstream pressure sensor to estimate the throttle upstream pressure with high precision by inexpensive means, controlling the engine. .The


In the summer of 2017, wildflower seeds were spread on a large, empty open space close to a motorway flyover just outside Copenhagen, Denmark. This was an effort to use non-mechanical methods to prepare the soil for an 'urban forest' to be established on the site, since the flowers' roots would penetrate the ground and enable the planned new trees to settle. As a result, the site was transformed into a gorgeous meadow, and all summer long Copenhageners were invited to come and pick the flowers. In this article, I critically examine different aspects of this project – including the role of design, the perception of nature–culture relationships, climate change, and flower-picking as an event – in relation to my personal experience of visiting this meadow both on-site and on social media. The different temporalities that clash at the site give rise to conflicting interpretations, and I suggest that the meadow can be seen as a living plant archive of the Anthropocene, both physically and digitally. In doing so, I introduce and critique key conceptual pairs, including archive/death and bloom/decay, suggested by Lee Edelman's queer cross-reading of Jacques Derrida's 'Archive Fever' and Shakespeare's Hamlet. I thereby contrast flower motifs pertaining to the cycles of blooming, decay, and nature's (failed) eternal return in the meadow with the expansive futurity of the digitally mediated archive.


New guidelines for evaluation of extreme floods in Sweden were released during 1990. They are based on combining extreme precipitation with realistic but critical hydrological conditions through hydrological modelling. The new guidelines are applicable to single reservoirs, as well as more complex systems by the formulation of operation strategies. They cover snowmelt floods, rain floods and combinations of the two. The flood generating conditions used in analysis have all been observed in the past. However, the critical timing of these events leads to design floods that on average are more than twice as large as the highest floods on record in Sweden. Different approaches of estimating the return period of the design floods indicate that they on average probably stay well beyond 10 000 years.


Techniques for the design of band-pass filters using dielectric waveguide gratings are discussed. Direct-coupled-resonator filter theory is applied to synthesize a prescribed pass band having a Chebyshev or maximally flat characteristic, and at the same time a broad, absorptive stop band is provided through the use of parallel-coupled gratings. Experimental results are also presented which show good agreement between theoretical and measured results.


TWO great wars have been fought T on the plains of Manchuria, for reasons and with results that require the services of the historian who is not immune to psychology to evaluate. These are the wars of China against Japan in 1894-1895 and of Japan against Russia in 1904-1905. Deep sentiment values, fundamental race attitudes-the Japanese feeling toward their soldier dead whose ashes are buried at 203 Metre Hill at Port Arthur; the Chinese feeling that the way of force and not the kingly way of justice dictated the resulting treaty adjustments-these are as much the stuff of Manchurian diplomacy as Japan's dependence upon the raw materials of Manchuria, or China's need for an outlet for the teeming millions of Shantung. And yet, so much has been written of the &dquo;strategic&dquo; factors in Manchuria to the neglect of an interpretation of Manchurian diplomacy which takes account of essential economic


Financialization as an engine of economic growth has seen its day. Like inflation in the 1970s and public debt in the 1980s it has worked only for so long. After states had rescued the economy from...


Purpose – This paper seeks to study maintenance policies on a plant‐wide level. It focuses on the effectiveness of condition‐based maintenance (CBM). It highlights the role of the production context and the importance of using appropriate metrics to assess CBM.Design/methodology/approach – A simulation model was developed to explore the effects of production context using traditional performance indicators (costs and availability of each piece of equipment) and a more comprehensive metric (line efficiency).Findings – The results showed that CBM has the best performance among other PM policies in loosely coupled processes. By contrast, in tightly coupled processes, CBM has a negative effect on the production line efficiency because it increases equipments' blockage and starvation states.Research limitations/implications – The simulation model was developed to reflect the reality. Nevertheless, some assumptions have been used to develop the conceptual and computerized model, which can be explored further in...


Quantum homomorphic encryption (QHE) is an encryption method that allows quantum computation to be performed on one party's private data with the program provided by another party, without revealing much information about the data nor the program to the opposite party. We propose a framework for (interactive) QHE based on the universal circuit approach. It contains a subprocedure of calculating a classical linear polynomial, which can be implemented with quantum or classical methods; apart from the subprocedure, the framework has low requirement on the quantum capabilities of the party who provides the circuit. We illustrate the subprocedure using a quite simple classical protocol with some privacy tradeoff. For a special case of such protocol, we obtain a scheme similar to blind quantum computation but with the output on a different party. Another way of implementing the subprocedure is to use a recently studied quantum check-based protocol, which has low requirement on the quantum capabilities of both parties. The subprocedure could also be implemented with a classical additive homomorphic encryption scheme. We demonstrate some key steps of the outer part of the framework in a quantum optics experiment.


Abstract : The purpose of this research is to improve student achievement on the subject of Hydrocarbon in class X SMA PGRI Pekanbaru. This research is a form of quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design. The population in this study was a high school science class X PGRI Pekanbaru consisting of 5 classes. Of the population has taken two classes of normal and homogeneous sample , which is a class X 5 as an experimental class and the class as a class X.4 control. Experiment class was given by applied direct instruction model, and the control class was given by conventional method. Analysis of data used t-test. Data of research obtained tcount > ttable (3,44 > 1,67). It means that the application of direct instruction can improve student's achievement on the subject of Hydrocarbon in class X SMA PGRI Pekanbaru by 17,98 %. Keywords : Direct Instruction, Academic Achievement, Hydrocarbon.


Abstract:  Background and objectives : From 1954 to 1987, flour in Denmark was fortified with 30 mg carbonyl iron per kg. This mandatory fortification was abolished in 1987. The aim of this study was to compare iron status in Danish men before and after abolition of iron fortification. Methods : Iron status (serum ferritin, haemoglobin), was assessed in population surveys in Copenhagen County during 1983–84 comprising 1324 Caucasian men (1024 non‐blood‐donors, 300 blood donors) and in 1993–94 comprising 1288 Caucasian men (1103 non‐blood‐donors, 185 donors), equally distributed in age cohorts of 40, 50, 60 and 70 yr. Results : In the 1984 survey median serum ferritin values in the four age cohorts in non‐blood‐donors were 136, 141, 133 and 111 µg/L, and in the 1994 survey 177, 173, 186 and 148 µg L −1 , respectively. The difference was significant in all age groups ( P <0.001). There was no significant difference between the two surveys concerning the prevalence of small iron stores (ferritin 16–32 µg L −1 ), depleted iron stores (ferritin <16 µg L −1 ) or iron‐deficiency anaemia (ferritin <13 µg L −1 and Hb <5th percentile for iron‐replete men). However, from 1984 to 1994, the prevalence of iron overload (ferritin >300 µg L −1 ) increased from 11.3% to 18.9% ( P <0.0001). During the study period there was an increase in body mass index ( P <0.0001), alcohol consumption ( P <0.03) and use of non‐steroid anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAID) ( P <0.0001), and a decrease in the use of vitamin–mineral supplements ( P <0.04) and in the prevalence of tobacco smoking ( P <0.0001). In contrast, median ferritin in blood donors showed a significant fall from 1984 to 1994 (103 vs. 74 µg L −1 , P <0.02). Conclusion : Abolition of iron fortification reduced the iron content of the Danish diet by an average of 0.24 mg MJ −1 , and the median dietary iron intake in men from 17 to 12 mg d −1 . From 1984 to 1994, body iron stores and the prevalence of iron overload in Danish men increased significantly, despite the abolition of food iron fortification. The reason appears to be changes in dietary habits, with a lower consumption of dairy products and eggs, which inhibit iron absorption, and a higher consumption of alcohol, meat, and poultry, containing haem iron and enhancing iron absorption. The high prevalence of iron overload in men may constitute a health risk.


In a search for the optimal time to apply GC screening procedures to newborn physiological fluids and to assess the effect of formula feeding on biologically important organic acids, we have surveyed serum and urinfe from 31 normal babies, at 1 and 5 days of age. Our results have demonstrated the presence of more than 50 organic acids, half of which bear some relation to the more common organic acidopathies. Their significant rise in serum and urine after formula feeding suggests that a comparable method of screening for those organic acids known to be associated with disease, should preferably be applied after 5 days of life. The usefulness of serial analysis was suggested by the presence of possibly harmful metabolites in 3 serum at day 1, with normal levels at day 5. These included isovaleric, methylmalonic, benzoic, phenylacetic and p-hydroxyphenylacetic acids. We have applied our method to the investigation of 4 patients presenting abnormal amino aciduria and found large amounts of those phenolic acids characteristic of tyrosinemia and hyperphenylalaninemia.These findings support the reliability of our procedure in screening for metabolic disease in laboratories where mass spectrometry is unavailable. This work was supported by the Medical Research Council of Canada, Grant MA 4767.


This paper presents the performance analysis of the interference canceller with a low-complexity nonlinearity post compensator for shared band satellite transmission, which is proposed in the previous study. The simulation environment is adjusted in accordance with the several parameters, such as the number of the terminal signals, modulation type, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Through the various simulations, we can confirm that the residual error after the interference cancellation at a high SNR disturbs largely the detection of the narrowband signal. In addition, it occurs the error floor in condition of both a high modulation type and a low SNR due to the capability limit of the nonlinearity post compensator. These results can lead to improve the performance of the proposed interference canceller for shared band satellite transmission.


Sistem Bantusn Persekolahan Pelajar Negeri Terengganu Secara Atas Talian is developed to help the Yayasan Terengganu in managing the support for schools
and students in Terengganu. By using this system,the distribution process will be faster,easier and reduce the cost,time and energy more effectively. The Yayasan
Terengganu provides support for school mainly for students and for the school itself.
For schools, supports are in term of foods and for the special case students.Where else for students,supports are in term of loan for new registration in boarding
schoole, examination fund such as for SPM and STPM and scholarship by the
Yayasan Terengganu. The main concept in the development of this system are user friendly interfaces so that it will ease the usage of this system.Software used in
developing this system are Microsoft Visual InterDev, Adobe Photoshop and Personal Web Server,while the development process is based on Active Server Pages (ASP), prototype model and Unified Modeling Language (UML) method.


In this paper a brief overview of a cyber-physical demonstration system for high precision real-time FMCW-radar signal processing is presented. This system is an example for the benefits of hardware acceleration in special use cases such as FMCW-radar signal processing. To highlight the real-time capabilities a highly unstable and nonlinear control loop system, called the levitating sphere, is chosen, where the signal processing affects the stability by delaying positional information through the feedback path. A signal processing chain with real-time capabilities and a processing time of 416.9 fis for 1024 16-bit FMCW-radar IF-data samples on a Xilinx Zynq-7030 platform is presented.


Public institutions aim at providing citizens with better services to satisfy them and ensure their safety and wellbeing. In order to ensure car and road safety, the Lebanese Ministry of Interior performs annually motor vehicle inspections in four stations in Lebanon. The annual mechanical inspection checks the vehicles roadworthiness for conformity to technical standards and norms according to law 124. Lebanese citizens have been complaining about the long waiting queues while performing their annual motor vehicle car inspection especially at Hadath station. This station suffers from extensive congestion because it is the only station that serves citizens in the Beirut governorate. Also, the number of served cars has been increasing over the years without proper adjustments. Therefore, we decided to optimize the performance of this station and minimize queue times. In order to achieve our goal, we applied queuing theory on the current queue system upon arrival to assess its effectiveness and we designed a new queue system that is based on one queue, multiple servers that will minimize waiting time at this queue. Also, we used simulation in order to evaluate the performance of the current system, test the feasibility of different alternatives and design a new system that minimizes overall waiting time in system. Moreover, we investigated the possibility of using 'Psychology of Queuing' in order to reduce the impact of waiting time and to enrich citizens' experience. And, we analyzed the possibility of designing a system based on appointments in order to control the car arrival variability. The design of the new system will include differentiated lanes for old cars and new cars that will be determined by classifying a criterion using data analytics and RStudio depending on the model of the car to reduce congestion caused by older car models. Also, we aim to forecast the demand of car inspections in order to determine the required system capacity that will meet the increasing demand. Therefore, our project will improve the overall system efficiency and minimize waiting time.


The study investigated the effect of Client –Centred Counselling on Commercial Sex Workers knowledge of HIV/AIDS in Numan Local Government Area of Adamawa State, Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to determine the CSWs during the pre-test, and the effect of the client centred counselling on their knowledge of the infection. One research question was answered, and a hypothesis was tested in the study. A quasi-experimental design was adopted. Purposeful sampling was carried out with all four brothels in Numan Local Government Area. Twenty (20) CSWs volunteered for the study. There was no control group due to the number and willingness to participate in the study. The hypothesis was tested using t-test at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that the CSWs had good knowledge of HIV/AIDS at post-test as opposed to the pre-test. It also showed a significant difference in the mean knowledge scores of CSWs from 4.40-5.35 (P=0.0001). This shows that client centred counselling has significant effect on the knowledge of CSWs of HIV/AIDS. Keywords: Effect, Client-Centered Counselling, Commercial Sex Workers (CSWs), Knowledge, HIV/AIDS.


Objective To discuss the clinical efficacy and safety of ozagrel sodium in treating dizziness caused by posterior circulation ischemia.Methods Through retrospective cohort study,we collected 98 patients suffer dizziness caused by posterior circulation ischemia during July 2010 to July 2011,at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanhua University,Department of Neurology.98 patients were divided into two groups according to the clinical use of medicines,50 patients in the observation group with use of Ozagrel,48 cases in the control group without Ozagrel.Compare the dizziness symptoms disappear time,hospitalization time and incidence of adverse reactions of two groups.Results The observation group symptoms disappear time for(2.54±1.10)d,compared with(4.35±1.24)d,there was a statistically significant differences between the two groups(u= 4.467,P 0.05).Conclusion The curative effect of ozagrel sodium in treating dizziness caused by posterior circulation ischemia is good.


Using micro household survey data,this paper examines the relationship between income,income inequality and self-reported health status in China's rural area.Empirical results suggest an invert U shape relationship between household income per capita and self-reported health status,and also an invert U shape relationship between regional income inequality and self-reported heath status conditioning on household income.Calculating income inequalities within community,county and province,this paper further examines the relationship between self-reported health status and income inequality at all three levels.Estimation results show that only income inequality within county is significantly correlated with self-reported health status.


This study examined the quality of start–up planning of two Early Head Start (EHS) agencies and its association with staff satisfaction, burnout, and turnover a year after program implementation. Respondents (N = 65) completed interviews and surveys at two time points. Data were analyzed in the context of the Head Start's EHS Organizational Readiness Chart. Both programs addressed salient aspects of organizational readiness, including establishment of a leadership team, forging of community partnerships, and hiring and training of staff. The two agencies differed on several elements including goals and timeframes, dynamics of start–up planning teams, challenges encountered, and utilization of community partnerships. Higher quality of start–up planning was associated with lower burnout, higher satisfaction, and lower staff turnover during the first year of program implementation. These results indicated that strategic start–up planning is an important predictor of EHS staff well–being and stability, especially during early stages of program implementation.


An important part of the stronger super reforms is the introduction of enhanced statutory obligations of superannuation trustees and trustee directors in relation to conflicts.


A conceptual design for a high-integrity impact limiting system to protect dry metallic spent fuel storage casks during rail transport is proposed. The system is intended to limit the deceleration of the cask during severe rail accidents through three layers of energy-absorbing polyurethane foam material. The crush strengths of the foam is chosen such that the lowest crush strength foam forms the most exterior layer, with the crush strengths increasingly progressively in the two inner layers. The design basis for the external layer of foam is the hypothetical 30-foot free drop impact event prescribed in 10 CFR 71, with a peak steady deceleration limit of about 75 g. The two interior layers absorb up to five times the impact energy of the 30-foot free drop while limiting the decelerations to first 125 g and then to 175 g. The former is felt to be a nominal fuel rod failure threshold, while the latter is at or near the failure level for bolted closure assemblies. These deceleration targets, if met, provide a means for substantially reducing the risk of radioactive material transport. The conceptual design incorporates features for maintaining the integrity of the impact limiter attachment system during severe accidents andmore » enhancing heat dissipation through the impact limiter for short-cooled fuel, through the use of radial aluminum fins. An alternative impact-limiting material -- aluminum honeycomb -- is included in the economic assessment. Both the polyurethane foam and aluminum honeycomb designs appear to meet a cost target of $1.0M, with the polyurethane foam limiter cost estimated at somewhat less than $400K and the aluminum honeycomb cost at somewhat less than $700K. 28 refs., 17 figs., 5 tabs.« less


In this paper, we define the notions of trace pseudo-spectrum, ε−determinant spectrum, and ε−trace of bounded linear operator pencils on non-Archimedean Banach spaces. Many results are proved about trace pseudo-spectrum, ε−determinant spectrum, and ε−trace of bounded linear operator pencils on non-Archimedean Banach spaces. Examples are given to support our work.


Experience of territory planning schemes of development resorts, recreational and tourism rones in Ukraine (1960-2001 years) has been analized. Strategy talks for reformation of systems resorts, recreational and tourism rones at the state, regional and local levels have been characterized.


According to the investigative data of railway baggage and parcel physical properties and the transportation abilities of the baggage vehicles, the distributions of the transport volumes, packaging situations, volumes and weights of railway baggage and parcel are analyzed according to their different classifications. The concept of the idea volume-weight rate is established. The influences on the use of baggage vehicles by the packing, ware and classification of the railway baggage and parcel are discussed. Then the reform suggestions about the packing, loading technology, transportation price of the railway baggage and parcel are also put forward.


We demonstrate the unambiguous detection of the fission neutron signal produced in natural uranium during active neutron interrogation using a deuterium-deuterium fusion neutron generator and a high pressure 4He gas fast neutron scintillation detector. The energy deposition by individual neutrons is quantified, and energy discrimination is used to differentiate the induced fission neutrons from the mono-energetic interrogation neutrons. The detector can discriminate between different incident neutron energies using pulse height discrimination of the slow scintillation component of the elastic scattering interaction between a neutron and the 4He atom. Energy histograms resulting from this data show the buildup of a detected fission neutron signal at higher energies. The detector is shown here to detect a unique fission neutron signal from a natural uranium sample during active interrogation with a (d, d) neutron generator. This signal path has a direct application to the detection of shielded nuclear material in cargo and air containers. It allows for continuous interrogation and detection while greatly minimizing the potential for false alarms.


After a brief study of the domestic violence in Cuba, the design and results of the application of the first pilot model of therapeutic music intervention in the country before the clinical symptoms of women victims of domestic violence, through novel use of the plurimodal approach is presented. The use of the Inventory of Self-esteem of Coopersmith, the Inventory of Depression of Beck and the Symptomatic Scale of Stress served to measure, after the application of the


Orthopedic medical disputes rank first amongst all medical disciplines,the reason may lies in most people cannot understand the complication and risky of orthopedic surgery.This manuscript addresses the causes and consequences of orthopedic medical disputes as well as management strategies,especially some details should be noted about orthopedic surgery.


Security is one major aspect in which rapid advancements are going on constantly around the world. Also, with the boom in Internet of Things (IoT), there are various innovative solutions devised to address the challenges in the field of security. According to a survey in the USA, it was observed that nearly one quarter of Americans tend to misplace their house keys twice a week, and more than fifty percent say that the misplaced items regularly cause them to be late to work or school. Keeping these in mind, the current project aims at building a smart lock system which is easy to use. This paper proposes a smart locking system which can be makes use of a GSM module to receive calls, validate the receiving caller ID with the set of registered numbers and alerts the user in case of unauthorized access. If the caller ID is of an authorized user, based on the current status of the lock, either LOCKED or UNLOCKED, the action of locking or unlocking the door is performed.


This paper employ VC+ + to implement data playback in view of the negative issue that ship meteorograph deposited data can not be opened by regular methods.The paper also presents the application interface converting stored data.Marine tests show that the data playback software is correct and reliable and that the final created file is well accessible.


The benefits of neutrality may be said to be a disputed topic within evolutionary computation. To gain a better understanding of neutrality with respect to indirect genotype-phenotype mappings, this work analyses the accessibility of neighbouring neutral networks. Accessibility is a mathematical concept introduced in theoretical biology. The concept is applied on a sufficiently simple indirect genotype-phenotype mapping, termed 2PD0L-mapping


An extracellular laccase (GLL) was purified from fermentation broth of the litter-decomposing fungus Gymnopus luxurians by four chromatography steps, which resulted in a high specific activity of 118.82 U/mg, purification fold of 41.22, and recovery rate of 42.05%. It is a monomeric protein with a molecular weight of 64 kDa and N-terminal amino acid sequence of AIGPV TDLHI, suggesting that GLL is a typical fungal laccase. GLL demonstrated an optimum temperature range of 55°C–65°C and an optimum pH 2.2 toward 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS). It displayed considerably high thermostability and pH stability with about 63% activity retained after 24 h at 50°C, and 86% activity retained after 24 h at pH 2.2, respectively. GLL was significantly enhanced in the presence of K+, Na+, and Mg2+ ions. It demonstrated Km of 539 μM and kcat/Km of 140 mM–1⋅s–1 toward ABTS at pH 2.2 and 37°C. Acetosyringone (AS) and syringaldehyde (SA) were the optimal mediators of GLL (0.4 U/ml) for dye decolorization with decolorization rates of about 60%–90% toward 11 of the 14 synthetic dyes. The optimum reaction conditions were determined to be mediator concentration of 0.1 mM, temperature range of 25°C –60°C, and pH 4.0. The purified laccase was the first laccase isolated from genus Gymnopus with high thermostability, pH stability, and effective decolorization toward dyes, suggesting that it has potentials for textile and environmental applications.


Research into nonhuman cognition has broadened and deepened in recent years. It supports and motivates a shift toward an ecological rather than an anthropocentric approach to cognition. Carrie Figdor is Associate Professor in the Department of Philosophy, Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, and the Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa. Her main research is in philosophy of psychology and neuroscience. Website Marino & Merskin's (2019) (M&M) review of the empirical literature on sheep cognition should be understood in the context of two developments in psychology: (1) the enormous and growing body of research into nonhuman cognition and (2) the resulting theoretical shift towards a nonanthropocentric psychological taxonomy. I will focus on (2), following a few remarks on (1). M&M have added sheep to the list of nonhuman, nonprimate biological species whose cognitive capacities are being explored (e.g., slime moulds, plants, bacteria, corvids, cephalopods, cetaceans, etc.). Shettleworth's (1993) complaint that there wasn't much "comparative" in "comparative cognition" is being addressed in spectacular fashion in new species, newly developed species-appropriate experimental paradigms, and field work. As Adolphs (2019) notes, neural and modeling data should be added to the behavioral data to establish the presence of cognitive capacities (more on this below). Peña-Guzmán (2019) and Vonk (2019) raise two big reasons for caution regarding this research: inferences to the capacities of whole species from small nonrandom samples of individuals, and overinterpretation of behavioral data in terms of latent cognitive constructs. Such skepticism is warranted to avoid reading into the data what may not be there. We have no idea what the distribution of a given capacity might be within a species, and concerns about anthropomorphizing are not idle. However, the fact that both concerns arise is a clear indicator of a shift in thinking about the extent of mind in nature, from a humans-only prerogative to a widespread feature of evolved systems. This shift is the theoretical aspect indicated above, which is motivated and supported by the research M&M review. The theoretical goal is not merely better understanding of what individual species can do. It is a psychology in which cognitive capacities are classified within a comprehensive structure that provides an overall understanding of the mind in nature. We are struggling to abandon the anthropocentric program criticized by Shettleworth in 1993, which can be conceptualized as a continuum (a psychological Great Chain of Being) with human cognition as its supreme expression anchoring one end, or as a single-hub network with human cognition Animal Sentience 2019.225: Figdor on Marino & Merskin on Sheep Complexity 2 at the center. Instead, we are forming a hierarchical structure for psychology similar to that of the taxa or clades of biology. This is a structure that can realize what Shettleworth (1993; 2009) dubbed the ecological program, where we ask what capacities species have developed to flourish in their niches, not whether they can do something that approximates what humans can do (setting them up for failure). Independent development of the same advanced capacities in at least some cephalopods (see Mather 2019) already guarantees that the biological and emerging psychological taxonomies will stand in a complicated relationship. However, these structures will look far more similar than the biological and anthropocentric psychological structures now do. This overarching theoretical project is advancing in fits and starts. An example is the way the so-called mirror test became the benchmark for self-recognition. It is a test designed for humans, as we are a visual species familiar with mirrors. Other species can pass the mirror test too, but it is hardly appropriate for species that depend on olfaction or audition (e.g., Cazzolla Gatti 2015). Yet the more the species that pass species-appropriate tests, the more the concept of "self" measured by such tests will come under sustained scrutiny. A concept already under such scrutiny is episodic memory. It was introduced by Tulving as recalling what, where, and when something occurred as well as conscious recollection of the event. Clayton et al. (2007) and Allen and Fortin (2013) argue that the requirement of conscious recollection as reported by verbal behavior, which was characteristic of Tulving's human subjects, is not merely inappropriate for animals: We do not (yet?) have agreed-upon indicators of consciousness in nonhumans. Hence to include verbally reportable consciousness in the definition of episodic memory rules out the possibility of a nonhuman counterpart a priori. The online Cognitive Atlas provides the start of a psychological taxonomy that systematizes psychological concepts and their relationships, but it is based on human studies (fMRI results and their associated tasks). Following Tulving, it defines episodic memory partly in terms of what can be explicitly stated, and categorizes it as a form of consciousness. As Adolphs urges, further anatomical and physiological research, including fMRI studies with nonhumans, is needed, although neuroscience is not immune to anthropocentrism (Parvizi 2009). These efforts must be seen as contributions to the development of a modern system of classification of psychological constructs that are non-anthropocentrically defined and based on evolutionary biological relationships, habitat similarities, mathematical and computational modeling, as well as natural and experimentally induced behavior, all approached from a cross-species perspective. I have argued for recognition of this ongoing conceptual and structural revision elsewhere (Figdor 2018). Non-anthropocentric psychology is a work in progress, but what is already clear is that it will not justify our current moral taxonomy, where supreme human moral value corresponds to human psychological superiority and centrality (cf. Chapman & Huffman 2018). Unfortunately, our moral schema is not yet adjusting to these shifts in psychology. Domesticated sheep are a poster case of a species that deserves better treatment but is unlikely to get it very soon. We are highly motivated to maintain our superior moral status and the privileged treatment it affords to all humans over all nonhumans, and we have the cognitive tools to maintain that status in the face of unwelcome empirical evidence (e.g., Bastian et al. 2012). In the longer term, however, we may be forced to acknowledge that we aren't at the center of the moral universe – or at least not there alone – any more than we are at the center of the psychological universe. That is a conceptual (and affective) change that empirical evidence alone will not induce. Animal Sentience 2019.225: Figdor on Marino & Merskin on Sheep Complexity


The research project proposed is beneficial to the society by and large by giving the measure to reduce the adulteration practices in liquid. The concept of electronic tongue is more recent and much less research has been undertaken on the development of liquid sensors and classification algorithms. A sample of water or milk has too high concentration of bacteria so to analyze bacterial growth is an important task since the bacteria can cause diseases and make the liquid unusable. Electronic tongue can be used to identify and recognize specific components in a solution. In this approach, experiments are conducted using an electronic tongue to virtually monitor the quality of liquid like drinking water, juice and oil. This paper is based on new enhancement technique for infrared images which integrates the benefits of additive wavelet transformation and homomorphic image processing. The main motive behind this technique is to decompose the images into subbands in an additive fashion and the principle adopted to implement the same is using additive wavelet transform which produces the image as an addition of subbands of the same resolution. Each subbands is subjected to homomorphic processing and it is learned that when images are subjected to homomorphic processing in the log domain , the images are transformed into illumination and reflectance components. When the reflectance components are enhanced it reinforces the details in the image so here this process is applied to each subband to enhance the details of image in each subband. In the final step these homomorphic enhanced subbands are subjected to an inverse additive wavelet transform to get an infrared image with better visual details.


As error/failure rates in supercomputers are projected to grow, computationally intensive scientific applications that lever-age large-scale parallelization will suffer from the increased error rate. In this work, we apply "coded computing" to protein folding simulations in an error-prone environment. We implemented the fast Fourier Poisson method for solving electrostatic equations at each time step of the simulation, and we utilize coded FFT algorithm to protect the compute-intensive FFT algorithm from soft errors. Through experiments on Amazon AWS, we showed that coded protein folding can be implemented with less than 10% overhead in total simulation time, and also showed that coded computing approach is faster than classical checkpointing method when the error rate is high.


Janet Burstein argues that American Jewish writers since the 1980s have created a significant literature by wrestling with the troubled legacy of trauma, loss, and exile. Their ranks include Cynthia Ozick, Todd Gitlin, Art Spiegelman, Pearl Abraham, Aryeh Lev Stollman, Jonathan Rosen, and Gerda Lerner. Whether confronting the massive losses of the Holocaust, the sense of "home" in exile, or the continuing power of Jewish memory, these Jewish writers search for understanding within "the little secrets" of their dark, complicated, and richly furnished past.


This study aims to explore the causal relationship between e-word-of-mouth (e-WOM) and its influence on purchase decisions through structural equation modeling (SEM). Five constructs were formulated through literature review: expertise, search extent, own experience, trustworthiness, and e-WOM effect. Results of this study show that four constructs all have positive influence on e-WOM effect, and own experience has the most influence on purchase decisions.