Laser ablation inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICPMS) analysis of fluid inclusions trapping mineralising solutions in major porphyry-copper deposits indicates that copper concentrations can reach 10_3 - 10_4 ppm in both dilute, CO_2 -bearing fluids and in high salinity brines. Non-C1 transport of Cu is implicated. Au has been determined at 0.2 - 0.4 ppm in the low salinity fluids and may be co-transported with Cu. In contrast, high concentrations of Fe, Mn, Zn and Pb are only attained in brines and correlate strongly with Cl-indicating chloride transport. Physical and/or temporal separation of these fluid types can therefore produce metal fractionation within porphyry systems. Evidence concerning the behaviour of Mo is less clear but brine transport appears to be favoured; phase separation is one mechanism that may account for the fractionation of Mo from Cu and the formation of quartz-molybdenite veins.


Any worthwhile study in any field of knowledge requires an adequate understanding and familiarity with the work that has been already done in the same area. The review of related literature forms an important aspect to a study. The literature in any field forms the foundation upon which all future work will be built. The investigator surveyed a number of books, journals, articles, dissertations, theses and research reports besides search in the internet. The investigator also made efforts to meet experts and discuss with them the various aspects of the study. A detailed review is given in the next session. 2.1 Studies in Scientific Inquiry Based Learning Strategy


Multi to a printed circuit board (PCB) - and one of the die pads to prevent a short circuit between the die pad adjacent in as mounting the die semiconductor package is embedded in a polymeric capsule, and the other die pad is exposed at the bottom of the package , it provides a heat escape path to the PCB. This arrangement is a multi-is particularly useful when one of the dies in the die package has to generate more heat than the other die in a package.


This study utilizes the axodes invariants to derive novel hyperbolic proofs of the Euler–Savary and Disteli formulae. The inflection circle, which is widely recognized, is situated on the hyperbolic dual unit sphere, in accordance with the principles of the kinematic theory of spherical locomotions. Subsequently, a timelike line congruence is defined and its spatial equivalence is thoroughly studied. The formulated assertions degenerate into a quadratic form, which facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the geometric features of the inflection line congruence.


Aims: The aim of this work was to model the distribution of suitable environmental conditions of vegas with specific floristic characteristics. Vegas are high Andean wetlands that represent the main sequestered carbon stocks, biodiversity hotspots, and water regulating systems in the region. In these wetlands, plant communities are the main biological factor that determines functional processes, and plant species assemblages are associated with different ecogeographic features. Study area: Argentine Central Andean Puna ecoregion. Methods: For two different floristic assemblages of vegas, we develop ecological niche models of n-dimensional minimum volume ellipsoids through NicheToolBox, then obtain potential distribution maps. One floristic assemblage was dominated by the cushion-structured plant Oxychloe andina (Juncaceae) and the other by plants of the Cyperaceae family. Results: Elevation and precipitation were the main environmental factors determining the distribution of the two floristic assemblages. Juncaceae dominated vegas tend to be located in high, humid, and cold places, while Cyperaceae vegas are found at a lower elevation, with less humidity, and higher temperatures. According to the dominant climatic gradient in the region, potential distribution maps show that vegas of Juncaceae are commonly found towards the Northeast of the Puna while Cyperaceae vegas are more frequent at lower elevations to the South of the region. Conclusions: This study represents the first approach to niche modeling based on plant communities in vegas of the Argentine Puna, providing knowledge on the environmental factors that limit their distribution. This information could serve as a planning tool in a region exposed to growing perturbations such as mining and climate change.
 Taxonomic reference: Zuloaga et al. (2019).
 Abbreviations: AUC = Area Under the ROC Curve; NDVI = Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; ROC = Receiver Operating Characteristic.


The high mortality rate and morbidity in critically ill patients have prompted an intense research activity where clinical observations and questions are addressed in experimental research and then help improve bedside practice. The research module of bedside-bench-bedside is the so-called translational approach. There are excellent examples of translational research including the human-to-animal-to-human approach to address ventilator-induced lung injury, the animal-to-human approach to examine the mechanisms and testing therapies of sepsis, and the human-to-animal approach for sepsis-induced immune alteration. The translational research could be fulfilled in the bedside management of critically ill patients but also the hurdles to translate such achievements into clinical practice. Due to the inherent limitations existing in clinical and preclinical studies, the complexity of clinical situations should be taken into account when the preclinical discoveries are being translated into the development of novel therapeutic strategies for critically ill patients. There is a long way to go but a bench-to-bedside transition is the right direction and will facilitate a long term robust strategy that is economically feasible and clinically effective to manage critically ill patients.

Key words:
Sepsis; Ventilator-induced lung injury; Translational research


In Maranhao, the schistosomiasis constitutes a relevant problem by very ancient origin. It
is known that in this state, this parasitic disease currently encompasses 48 of the 217
existing municipalities. However, the scientific publications scarcity on epidemiological
and behavioral characteristics related to its transmission in the state, directs the
permanence of insufficient knowledge about such aspects. In that sense, this dissertation
proposed the holding of two epidemiological studies on schistosomiasis mansoni in
Maranhao, Brazil, whose aim was to analyze trends in the cases of the disease and to
identify socioeconomic and environmental factors associated with transmission and
maintenance of disease. For the first study, the trend in the percentage of positive
schistosomiasis cases, between 1997 and 2003, according to the regional state health dealt
with the activities performed by the Schistosomiasis Control Program (PCE). The
statistical method used was regression. Later, there was an ecological study the units of
analysis corresponded to the 43 municipalities related to schistosomiasis occurrence, from
2000 to 2003. Disease data were obtained from the Information System for
Schistosomiasis Control Program (SISPCE). We selected 22 variables related to
socioeconomic and environmental cities context. The variables selected were related to the
dimensions: the schistosomiasis occurrence, sanitation, household characteristics and
population, education, basic health care and financial situation. The statistical technique
used was factor analysis with varimax rotation. The results of the first study showed that
the regional health Bacabal and Sao Luis showed a downward trend and constant
throughout the series. The regional of Colinas showed up trend increasing to the year 2002
and subsequent decrease in the percentage of cases. In Imperatriz regional was observed an
increasing trend. Regarding the second study, we isolated five factors that explained 80%
in total variance of the model. All these factors were variables with factor loadings of>
0.40 or <-0.40. The five factors were: primary care services consumption and social,
social and environmental vulnerability, exposure to the transmitting agent, and
socioeconomic conditions associated with the lower limit of poverty. These factors
explained respectively 46.8%, 12.6%, 9.5%, 6.1% and 4.9% of variance. Our study showed
that the data record, the health regions, covering from 1997 to 2003 was affected by
changes occurred due to the decentralization of PCE. Moreover, our results lead us to
conclude that issues relating to the socioeconomic characteristics are very significant in
Maranhao, demonstrated the need for improvement of life conditions. As for smaller
geographic units, municipalities, we observed that keeping the schistosomiasis cycle
transmission is related to the identified factors, some of which have great weight to the
explanation of the variability of this disease distribution. Primary care services
consumption and social and Social and environmental vulnerability are the factors that best
summarize and assist in the interpretation of eco-epidemiological situation of the disease in
these municipalities. Our work suggests the need for intervention to reduce disease
transmission in Maranhao, which should be evaluated to the character of priority for
decision making on control strategies.


Bioethics teaches us that medicine must not only commit itself to the search for the greatest benefit for the patient but also to take into account their interests, respecting their identity and culture, without trying to impose the opinions of third parties, whether of a philosophical nature, moral, religious or political.
The considerable increase in the life expectancy of our Latin American population in the last 40 years and the increasing incidence of neurological diseases that compromise mental functions such as cerebrovascular disease and dementias, have brought with it the appearance of a new and important problem: ?? How should medical decisions be made in patients who have lost the ability to make their own decisions?
The present work analyzes the bioethical problems that arise around medical decisions in subjects with compromised mental functions or cognitive impairment.
First, in the BACKGROUND FRAMEWORK, a review of the literature is carried out on the bioethical problems found around medical decisions in subjects with compromised mental functions.
Subsequently, in the CONCEPTUAL THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK, the related philosophical concepts (human being, person, autonomy, human dignity and quality of life) are analyzed with a focus on the subject with commitment to mental functions, reviewing mental functions and their commitment from the medicine and neurology, the decision-making process in medicine and its approach from neuroscience, as well as some current proposals for improvement. The bioethical approach to decision-making in medicine is also reviewed here, examining this process from several fundamental bioethical aspects and through the main problems that these decisions present in the subject with compromise of their mental functions at the end of life, such as limitation of the therapeutic effort, euthanasia, palliative care and dignified death, as well as the current approach proposed by medicine in these cases, its criticisms and possible alternatives from a comprehensive bioethics.
Thirdly, in order to better understand these problems, a qualitative interpretive research was carried out with a case study approach to explore the perception of the main actors involved in the process, the doctors, through field work in a general hospital.
In the METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK, the methodological process used for the study, its foundations, its design, the implementation of the process and the ethical and bioethical aspects of the research are presented in detail.
The ANALYSIS AND RESULTS FRAMEWORK presents the analysis plan, the profile of the doctors interviewed and the detailed analysis of all the information obtained. These results are illustrated by a conceptual map that shows a hermeneutical unit with families and categories, which are described and interpreted in depth.
The research carried out allowed to establish that there are relevant factors that influence medical decision-making in patients with compromised mental functions and that there are some important problems in this context that were perceived by the professionals interviewed. Some of these factors were considered relevant, since they can strongly influence medical decision-making in these patients. Among them, the presence of medical paternalism was notable.
Finally, in CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS, the results are discussed in light of the theoretical research carried out and compared with the findings and conclusions of previous studies. Some of the factors found in this study, which influence medical decision-making in these patients, were reported in previous studies, but others were not.
The decision-making process regarding medical treatment in patients with compromised mental functions must mainly guarantee respect for the patient's autonomy; This study shows that this is the fundamental nucleus of the bioethical problem around medical decisions in them. It was found that this bioethical problem originates both in factors dependent on health professionals and the health system, as well as in factors dependent on the patient herself, her family and culture.
It is concluded that measures should be promoted that allow medical decisions to adhere as closely as possible to the will of the patient, whether it is obtained by inquiring their relatives or by knowledge of advance directives. It is necessary to create spaces that allow the discussion of existing policies in the management of these patients and seek alternative ways from which decisions can be made in particular cases, considering a more holistic view of the patient.


The plasmid pBR322 bearing the lytic enzyme gene of colitis bacteriophage was injected into 10 sets of 10 onion bulbs each, at multiple points, and germinated for 7 days. The lytic enzyme was detected in the extracts of 0-60% of the bulbs in each set by turbidometric assay. This lyticenzyme gene can be used as a marker gene for gene transfer in plants and animals and in chimaeric gene constructs to study regulation of gene expression.


Styrenic block copolymers are widely used in HMPSA formulations, with tackifier resins and oil plasticizer. Although most commercial formulations are based on SIS, mixtures of SIS and SBS are also used to reduce cost. However, the use of SBS is restricted because it generally leads to decrease in tack. In this work, pure SIS and SBS and a SIS/SBS mixture were used in formulations with aliphatic, aromatic, aliphatic hydrogenated, and aliphatic-aromatic copolymer resins, at three different oil contents, according to a 33–1 factorial design. Interaction effects among the components were evaluated, showing a strong dependence of the HMPSA final properties on the combination of resin/rubber used. It was found that a blend of aliphatic and aromatic resins is the best tackifier for SIS, while for SBS the best choice is an aromatic-aliphatic copolymer. These results were explained in terms of specific compatibility, which was correlated to the polarizability of the material.


Supervisory Committee Dr. Sibylle Artz, Supervisor (School of Child and Youth Care) Dr. Bruce Tobin, Department Member (School of Child and Youth Care) The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study s hows how child and youth care professionals understand and apply activity-oriente d interventions with children aged 6 to 11. Thirteen child and youth care professionals who emp loy activity-oriented interventions with children participated in semi-structured interviews . Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using an inductive content analysis approach. Eight een emergent themes describe the participants' perceptions of how activity-oriented interventions engage children, build therapeutic relationships and aid children's learni ng. The findings in this study show how activity-oriented interventions fit with children's development and are seen to be helpful in facilitating self-awareness and promoting change. F urther, the findings highlight the lack of activity-oriented core training in Canadian undergr aduate and graduate child and youth care programs. These finding suggest that there is a nee d for increased core curriculum in activityoriented approaches, and also for future research i n the effectiveness of activity-oriented interventions.


The invention provides a mobile phone user authentication method without a trusted third party on the basis of handwriting characteristics, which comprises the following steps: (1) a mobile phone user trains a special handwriting library; (2) the mobile phone user stores a password and the special handwriting library into a remote personal intelligent terminal; (3) the mobile phone user transmitsan authentication request to the remote personal intelligent terminal, and the intelligent terminal optionally selects a Chinese character from the special handwriting library and transmits a challenge to the mobile phone user; (4) after receiving the challenge, the user writes the Chinese character on a mobile phone touch screen in the form of the special handwriting, encrypts the written Chinese character by using the user password and transmits back to the personal intelligent terminal; and (5) the personal intelligent terminal decrypts the written Chinese character by using the user password, extracts the user handwriting and verifies the user handwriting; if the handwritings are consistent with each other, the authentication is passed; and if the handwritings are inconsistent with each other, the user fails to pass the authentication. By using the authentication method provided by the invention, a challenge-response authentication mode is constructed by using the special handwriting characteristics of the user during writing the Chinese characters so that the actual content of the challenge is ciphertext for eavesdroppers; and therefore, a plaintext-ciphertext pair for implementing violent attacks is constructed difficultly by eavesdroppers.


This theoretical study presents a theoretical base for the current research that's aim is to analyze inten tions of middle aged women in Prost ějov region to practice breast self-examination and that is going to be in near fu ture used as a base for marketing intervention strategy aimin g to increase the use of the above mentioned form of secondary breast cancer prevention. The aim of the research c ombines 3 wide areas that being marketing, namely marketing in health care, breast cancer, namely practicing breast selfexamination by women at the age group 17-44 as an efficient met hod of prevention of the disease and finally sociologic alpsychological models dealing with studying the huma n health behavior, namely the Theory of planned behavior. Th e Theory of planned behavior is being looked at from the pos ition of a tool that is convenient for research of the in tention of the target group to behave in a certain way, the theoretical study puts the Theory of planned be havior in connection with the intention of middle aged wom en to practice breast self-examination and based on th e outcome of the literature retrieval of the author it points out to the practical usage for the area of marketing in health care in the Czech Republic.


DESCRIBED PROCESS FOR PREPARING BROMODIFLUOROACETILFLUORURO in which a gas stream AN OZONE DILUTED oxygen reacted at temperatures lie between the -100 (degrees) CY +80 (degrees) C, 1.4 -DIBROMOHEXAFLUOROBUTENO-2, optionally dissolved in a solvent inert under the reaction conditions, AND rESULTING ozonide is exposed to a heat treatment at temperatures reached between 100 and 300 (degrees) C


Using a 'Metrics Framework for Accessing Conflict Transformation and Stabilization' developed by the United States Institute of Peace, this study analyzes the effectiveness of the 2005 Sudanese Comprehensive Peace Agreement in dealing with the underlying causes of conflict. We aim to draw out and develop several important lessons for future international mediators. These lessons are: the recognition that good timing is essential for a successful outcome; the importance of a completely neutral and independent mediator; the clear definition of the role of international parties in order to prevent abuse by parochial interests; the necessity of identifying all aggrieved parties and issues for inclusion in the process; the importance of an international presence on implementation mechanisms; the provision of overarching review mechanisms; the inclusion of specifics on key issues such as the integration of ex-combatants; and, finally, the need to apply lessons identified and learned.


Nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) techniques and intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) are being explored as potential essential technologies for future wireless communications. Accordingly, this paper provides a network framework for IRS-aided downlink NOMA transmission, in which IRS is employed to improve the NOMA system's transmission performance, and optimization problems are raised to maximize the achievable rate. Given the fractional structure of multivariate coupling as presented in this study, the fractional problem first converts to a linear form; then, the semidefinite relaxation (SDR) algorithm is proposed to address nonconvex issues for a single-user scenario. As for a multiuser scenario, the alternating optimization (AO) algorithm is raised based on transmit beamforming and reflection phase shift matrix to settle relevant issues and mitigate computational complexity. The simulation results suggest that the algorithm described in this paper can significantly increase the signal's achievable rate compared to the nondeployed IRS and IRS random phase-shifting schemes.


In the image velocimetry, it is generally required to detect the various velocity in each position of the flow field. But the maximum velocity which the usual velocimetry can detect has been limited in about 1 pixel per frame. Then, in order to measure the wide range of velocity vectors from the dynamic image, the improvement of performance in the image velocimetry based on a Spatio-temporal correlation method would be attempted by enlarging the analytical region and by interpolating the new frame. The analytical performance of velocimetry was estimated by measuring the velocity from the flow dynamic image made artificially on the personal computer so as to simulate the flow of fluid containing a lot of small particles. As the results, the velocity range of the improved velocimetry became larger than that of the usual velocimetry.


Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan Province,the global financial crisis and A/H1N1 flu have seriously affected the Chinese economy and various industries since 2008.With tourist industry into bad times economy hotels fell in hot water.At this crucial moment the right strategy and tactics will be of vital significance for the Chinese economy hotels to survive a series of crises and develop themselves.


We offer a real-life case study of how one teacher approached an aspect of this issue–selection of the most appropriate reading text for her students. By using most of the ten suggestions that follow the case study, this teacher did manage to avoid being tyrannized by readability formulas. HOW TO AVOID BEING TYRANNIZED BY READABILITY FORMULAS Betty M. DavenportJ Campbell University and Judith F. PhillipsJ Aberdeen Middle School The use of readability for mulas is widely recom mended by many well intentioned educators, but use can become abuse if the limitations of the formulas arenot understood. Supervisors and college instructors have encouraged teachers to check the readability levels of their instructional materials to be sure of a close match between reader and text. Publishers have required their writers to produce textbooks at specified readability levels to supply the current demand for readable texts. Teachers have even tried to simplify their own materials by reWfltIng them, using shorter words and sentences in an effort to meet the needs of all their students. When educators who understand the limitations of


Influence of adding Cu and Mn on the pseudoelasticity of TiNi alloy was investigated by means of compression test under different target loads.The results show that Cu is not conductive to improve the pseudoelasticity of alloy.With increasing Cu content,the pseudoelasticity decrease.Under the certain conditions,the pseudoelasticity of TiNi alloy with Cu and Mn are significantly superior to those of TiNi binary alloy.However,after some compression cycles,the pseudoelasticity of the former decreases suddenly.


A kind of seal welding technology of the pipe ends for achieving the reliable welds of stainless steel clad pipe is introduced.


In this research, BiFeO3 (BFO) films are integrated into BFO/SrTiO3 (STO)/BFO nanolaminates (BSB-NLs) featuring nanometer-scale thickness of BFO and STO layers. By introducing the STO layer in between two BFO layers, the leakage current density is reduced by two orders of magnitude with respect to relatively high leakage currents of current single BFO layers, i.e., from 10−5 A/cm2 to 10−7 A/cm2. The BSB-NL also shows very high piezoelectric response, which is ∼5 times higher than that of the pure BFO with the same thickness. The highly strained state of the BFO layers concurrently with the chemical/crystallographic state of the interfaces between the BFO and STO layers contribute to the very high values of piezoresponse and very low leakage current observed in the BSB-NLs.


This paper presents the design and EM analysis of a near-field RFID antenna for the smart shelf applications where spatially-reconfigurable interrogation zone is required. Antenna operation is based on the EM coupling between the open-ended or shorted microstrip (MS) feed line and parallel planar metal strips printed on top of a dielectric layer. The novelty of the proposed design corresponds to utilizing the RF switches altering the length of meander MS line and thus changing the phase distribution of the radiating antenna elements. Near-field distributions calculated in the planes parallel and normal to the antenna surface illustrate the mechanism of extending an area of strong E-field necessary to activate multiple RFID tags.


In the paper, a novel new gravity-constrained (GC) three-wire-driven (TWD) parallel robot is proposed, and the prototype is presented with control system. With its mechanism model, three typical kinematic analytical models, including horizontal up-down motion, pitching motion and heeling motion and their corresponding simulations are given in detail. The open-loop and close-loop control scheme are used separately to realize the motion control of the robot. Especially, the image processing based machine vision is adopted firstly in the close-loop control of wire-driven robot. At last, the error analysis of the robot is given in detail. Key-Words: Wire-driven, Parallel robot, Kinematics, Statics, Motion control, Machine vision


We found a novel dimensional transition in the vortex lattice of a finite-sized superconductor. The low-field dependence (with field applied parallel to the film plane) of the magnetization exhibits two maxima, which signal the transition from one to two dimensions. In one dimension the vortices line up along the film, and with increasing field their arrangement changes into a two-dimensional array due to the competition between vortex-surface and vortex-vortex repulsion. Agreement is found with no adjustable parameter calculations using a priori known surface-barrier and vortex-repulsion effects.


Background:
 The evidence for mechanical thrombectomy in posterior circulation strokes is unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis will summarise the available evidence for the use of mechanical thrombectomy in acute basilar artery occlusion.

 Objectives:
 To assess the effect of mechanical thrombectomy in acute basilar artery occlusion on disability, mortality, reperfusion and adverse events compared to best medical treatment (BMT).

 Search:
 We conducted a systematic review of randomised and prospective, clinically controlled trials using MEDLINE and EMBASE. We reviewed the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), grey literature sources and reviewed the reference lists of key papers. No time limits or language restrictions were used.

 We used the modified Cochrane Collaboration tool to assess the risk of bias for randomised controlled trials and the The Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool for prospective non-randomised clinical trials.

 Results:
 Five studies met the inclusion criteria (n = 1416). Three were cohort studies and two were randomised controlled trials. We used the random-effects model to combine the data. We found better functional outcome (mRS 0-3, 1.90 [1.07-3.35] p=0.03) and a trend towards decreased mortality (0.75 [0.62-0.91], p= 0.003) in the mechanical thrombectomy (MT) group. The improved outcomes were in the context of significant statistical heterogeneity driven by the difference in methodology between the trials. The improved outcomes were seen in the cohort studies. No significant difference in disability or mortality were found in the randomised controlled trials. We found higher reperfusion rates (TICI 2b/3: 4.75 [1.70-13.28] p=0.003) in the mechanical thrombectomy group with higher rates of symptomatic intracranial bleeding (3.90 [1.03-14.79] p=0.04).

 Conclusions:
 Our study reflects the complex nature of posterior circulation strokes and the lack of large randomised controlled trials in this field. We did find a trend towards better mortality and functional outcomes in the included cohort studies but this was not reflected in the randomised controlled trials. We also found higher reperfusion rates in the intervention groups with higher levels of sICH.


Fruits of cocos nucifera have long been used in the traditional medicine for the treatment of metabolic disorders. Endocarp of cocos nucifera was supposed to be the hardest part of the its fruit, but ironically r ichest source of phenol ic and f lavanoid content.Scientific data has been found as evident for a n t i o x i d a n t , a n t i m i c r o b i a l , vasorelaxant,antihypertensive and inhibitory effect on oral microflora of cocos nucifera endocarp. Current review article covers the relevancy of cocos nucifera endocarp in the medicinal world.


Abstract We present a simple methodology for extending linear viscoelastic measurements of crystallizing polymers to the high-frequency regime, where usually crystallization kinetics represents an obstacle. The idea is to perform rapid quenches, below the melting temperature (which corresponds to the high-frequency region), account for the thermal equilibration and the very slow early stages of crystallization, and perform the measurements before really crystallization sets in, in the "quasi-equilibrium" state. Albeit tedious, when properly done, this method works remarkably well, as demonstrated for a particular polybutadiene mixture, and opens the route for obtaining rheological master curves in a wide variety of crystallizing polymers.


A full length version of the Token Test (Japanese edition) and WAIS were adminstered to 32 aphasics, 23 non-aphasic brain-demaged patients and 20 controls. The diagnostic aphasia test (SLTA or Rohken's) was also administered to aphasic patients. The results are as follows :1) The Token Test could discriminate satisfactorily between aphasic and non-aphasic brain-damaged patients. On the cut-off score of 48 (lowest score shown by the control group) in the pass-fail scoring, 89.1% of all the patients were correctly classified while 6.2% of the aphsic patients and 17.4% of the non-aphasic patients were classified incorrectly.2) In the control group the influence of age and IQ on the Token Test scores was investigated. No significant correlation was found. On the other hand, in the aphsic and the non-aphasic groups some significant correlations were found : in the non-aphasic group a moderate influence of VIQ (at the time of examination) on the Token Test scores was found ; in the aphasic group a slight influence of age (negative correlation), and moderate influence of VIQ and PIQ (at the time of examintion) on the Token Test scores were found.3) In Parts (I-V), semantic errors were examined concerning shape, color, and size. In the aphasic group the highest error rate was shown with shape, the second with color and the least error rate with size. In the other two groups, those error rates were less than those concerning size made by the aphasic group. Syntactic errors were committed more frequently than semantic errors in Part V. The aphasic group had higher error rates than the other groups. But, the patterns of difficulty the aphasic group felt were similar to those the other two groups felt trying to respond correctly to each item of the Test.4) In the aphasic group significant correlations were found between the Token Test scores and the scores of both auditory comprehension ability and speaking ability assessed by the differential diagnostic aphasia test.The Token Test seemed to have about the same discriminating power in an Italian, an English, a German and a Dutch speaking group of neurological patients.And, it was demonstrated that there was a close relationship between the severity of aphasia and the Token Test score. The implications of these results were also discussed.


This book needs no introduction as its reputation is already established. The eleventh edition has been brought up to date, but is otherwise on the same lines as its predecessors. The reader is presented with an essentially clinical description of medicine which is very complete. Each chapter is divided into three parts. The first part describes the symptoms which may occur as a result of disease in an organ or area of the body. The second discusses the physical signs and the third part gives


Erythroblastosis fetalis (hemolytic disease of the newborn) is a disease wherein the clinical laboratory attains special achievement, inasmuch as the diagnosis, prognosis, and prescription for therapy may be provided by means of laboratory procedures. As a matter of fact, a great deal may be accomplished prior to the birth of the patient. Thus, it seems worthwhile to re-emphasize 2 points that are pertinent to this problem in the average clinical laboratory: 1. The staff of the laboratory should be prepared for a practical solution to the problem when the disease is the result of factors other than D(Rh0). Allen 1 estimated that AB, K, c, E, and C factors account for approximately 20 per cent of all instances of erythroblastosis fetalis. Recent papers u indicate that ABOincompatibility may be the cause of erythroblastosis fetalis more frequently than previously recognized, but most of these patients have only a slight degree of disease that might be overlooked. Even the obvious clinical cases pose a vexing diagnostic problem that will not be discussed in this paper. 2. The cross-matching procedure should include technics that enable detection of incompatibilities of minor groups. This is highly important, owing to the fact that the routine procedures for typing usually include the identification of only 3 of at least 16 blood factors that are clinically significant, and cross-matching is relied upon for the detection of incompatibility from the other factors. This paper deals with a case of erythroblastosis fetalis that resulted from sensitization to c(hr') factor; a delay in accurate diagnosis and adequate therapy was attributable to the use of an unreliable cross-matching technic that is used rather commonly. Further studies with methods that may be used in the average clinical laboratory revealed that sensitization to c(hr') factor was the underlying cause of the erythroblastosis.


Touchscreen interfaces for small display devices have several limitations: the act of touching the screen occludes the display, interface elements like keyboards consume precious display real estate, and even simple tasks like document navigation - which the user performs effortlessly using a mouse and keyboard - require repeated actions like pinch-and-zoom with touch input. More recently, smart glasses with limited or no touch input are starting to emerge commercially. However, the primary input to these systems has been voice. In this paper, we explore the space around the device as a means of touchless gestural input to devices with small or no displays. Capturing gestural input in the surrounding volume requires sensing the human hand. To achieve gestural input we have built Mime [3] -- a compact, low-power 3D sensor for short-range gestural control of small display devices. Our sensor is based on a novel signal processing pipeline and is built using standard off-the-shelf components. Using Mime we demonstrated a variety of application scenarios including 3D spatial input using close-range gestures, gaming, on-the-move interaction, and operation in cluttered environments and in broad daylight conditions. In my thesis, I will continue to extend sensor capabilities to support new interaction styles.


This study proposes a new object-based deep convolutional neural network approach, called OBViT (Object-based Vision Transformer), for crop classification tasks using high-resolution remote sensing images. Compared to traditional machine learning methods and CNN-based remote sensing image semantic segmentation models, the proposed model outperforms existing models regarding classification accuracy and model robustness. The OBViT model was applied to remote sensing crop classification tasks in the Xingren region of Guizhou, China, and its precision, recall, and f1-score reached 87.98%, 87.91%, and 86.56%, respectively. This study's main contribution is designing a remote sensing image semantic segmentation model structure suitable for crop classification in the field by optimizing model components such as activation functions and optimizers and using a multi-scale training strategy during model training to improve performance. Specifically, the study used the SLIC algorithm to segment remote sensing images into uniformly sized superpixel objects for easier model input and performed multi-scale data augmentation on each object to increase data diversity. Additionally, the pre-trained Vision Transformer (ViT) model was used to replace the CNN module in the OBCNN model, significantly improving classification accuracy. The Mish activation function was also used instead of the GELU activation function, and the Adan optimizer was used instead of the Adam optimizer to improve semantic segmentation accuracy further. Finally, the OBViT crop classification model was trained using manually annotated remote sensing datasets. An object-based K-nearest neighbor filtering algorithm was used for post-processing to improve semantic segmentation accuracy further. Experimental results demonstrate that the OBViT model achieves good semantic segmentation performance on crop remote sensing monitoring datasets, with higher accuracy and robustness than other deep learning methods. The land cover categories in the experimental dataset were tobacco, corn, barley rice, artificial buildings, and "other''. The study also conducted an interpretability analysis on the model, revealing that OBViT can better capture different target categories' spatial structure and texture features. Future research can explore the use of OBViT for more complex remote sensing image data and further optimize the model structure and training strategies to improve accuracy. Additionally, OBViT can be applied to other remote sensing image semantic segmentation tasks in fields such as agricultural pest monitoring and analysis.


The excitation and air-filled to its axis, gives rise to the propagation of several wave types. This phenomena calls scattering acoustic. Generally, the generated waves are divided into two categories, specular echo and elastic waves. Basing on the study of the elastic waves, allows us on one hand to study the scattering acoustic and on the other hand to extract the relevant features required to characterize the target. The analysing of the time and frequency representations of the backscattering acoustic pressure by the tube, under normal incidence, for di ff erent values of the azimuthal angle between 0 ◦ and 180 ◦ , shows that this pressure is varied as function of this angle. These representations reveal the variation of the elastic waves constituting the backscattering pressure but are not adequate to give the convincing explanation of this variation. In order to explain this variation we appealed the time-frequency representation. Among time-frequency representations the spectrogram (SP), the smoothing pseudo Wigner-Ville (SPWV) and the reassigned SPWV (RSPWV) are used in this work. The application of these representations on the backscattering acoustic pressure for di ff erent azimuthal angle values, we lead to find the explication of the variation of this pressure as a function of the azimuthal angle.


Actor and partner effects for the 2-year longitudinal associations between marital adjustment and life satisfaction were evaluated in a population-based sample of middle-aged and older adults (N = 1,385 couples). Results showed that (a) higher marital adjustment at baseline predicted higher life satisfaction at follow-up, (b) higher life satisfaction at baseline predicted higher marital adjustment at follow-up, (c) marital adjustment more strongly predicted life satisfaction than life satisfaction predicted marital adjustment for women, and (d) higher partner marital adjustment at baseline predicted higher life satisfaction at follow-up. Results suggest that marital adjustment and life satisfaction influence one another in a bidirectional fashion and that the direction is predominantly from marital adjustment to life satisfaction in women.


This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of dietary supplemental ascorbic acid (AA) on the feed intake, growth, serum lysozyme, hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) and handling stress response in Chinese longsnout catfish (Leiocassis longirostris Gunther) exposed to three levels of unionized ammonia nitrogen (UIA-N). Juvenile Chinese longsnout catfish were reared in 54 fibreglass tanks with a 3 x 3 factorial design treatment consisting of three supplemental AA levels in ascorbyl 2-monophosphate (38, 364 and 630 mg AA equivalent kg(-1) diet) and three UIA-N concentrations [0.004 (the control), 0.037 and 0.292 mg L-1]. The fish were sampled on the 11th, 32nd and 60th day. On the 62nd day, the remaining fish were subjected to an acute stress by being held in a dipnet out of water for 60 s, and sampled at 30 min post handling. The results showed that the specific growth rate (SGR) in 32 days significantly decreased with increased water UIA-N (P=0.0476) but was not affected by dietary supplemental AA (P g 0.05). After 60 days, SGR, feeding rate (FR) and feed conversion efficiency (FCE) significantly increased with increased dietary supplemental AA (P l 0.001) while remaining unaffected by water UIA-N (P g 0.05). There was no significant interaction between dietary AA and UIA-N for growth responses (P g 0.05). The serum lysozyme activity on the 11th day and the hepatic SOD activity on the 32nd day were significantly affected at high (0.292 mg L-1) water UIA-N. On the 62nd day, the increase in cortisol resulting from acute stress significantly decreased by higher UIA-N (P=0.038). It is suggested that Chinese longsnout catfish displayed an adaptive response after long-term UIA-N exposure, and AA had beneficial effects on the growth and feed intake of catfish and alleviated the negative effects of chronic ammonia stress. A chronically higher ammonia level shows a tendency to inhibit the cortisol response to another acute stressor.


A new procedure is described to separate the minority carrier current through the monosilicon/interface/polysilicon structure according to the various mechanisms. These mechanisms are then related to various processing conditions for process optimization. For the first time a significant effect of the monosilicon doping on the interface recombination has been identified.


One of the most common approaches for multiobjective optimization is to generate a solution set that well approximates the whole Pareto-optimal frontier to facilitate the later decision-making process. However, how to evaluate and compare the quality of different solution sets remains challenging. Existing measures typically require additional problem knowledge and information, such as a reference point or a substituted set of the Pareto-optimal frontier. In this paper, we propose a quality measure, called dominance move (DoM), to compare solution sets generated by multiobjective optimizers. Given two solution sets, DoM measures the minimum sum of move distances for one set to weakly Pareto dominate the other set. DoM can be seen as a natural reflection of the difference between two solutions, capturing all aspects of solution sets' quality, being compliant with Pareto dominance, and does not need any additional problem knowledge and parameters. We present an exact method to calculate the DoM in the biobjective case. We show the necessary condition of constructing the optimal partition for a solution set's minimum move, and accordingly propose an efficient algorithm to recursively calculate the DoM. Finally, DoM is evaluated on several groups of artificial and real test cases as well as by a comparison with two well-established quality measures.


A scatterometer is a radar that measures the normalized radar cross section ((}0 ) of the Earth 's surface. Over the ocean this signal is related to the wind via the geophysical model function (GMF). The objective of wind scatterometry is to estimate the wind vector field from (}0 measurements; however, there are many subtleties that complicate this problem-making it difficult to obtain a unique wind field estimate. Conventionally, wind estimation is split into two stages: a wind retrieval stage in which several ambiguous solutions are obtained, and an ambiguity removal stage in which ambiguities are chosen to produce an appropriate wind vector field estimate. The most common approach to wind field estimation is to grid the scatterometer swath into wind vector cells and estimate wind vector ambiguities independently for each cell. Then, field wise structure is imposed on the solution by an ambiguity selection routine. Although this approach is simple and practical, it neglects field wise structure in the retrieval step and does not account for the spatial correlation imposed by the sampling. This makes it difficult to develop a theoretically appropriate noise versus resolution trade-off using pointwise retrieval. Fieldwise structure may be imposed in the retrieval step using a model-based approach. However, this approach is generally only practical if a low order wind field model is applied, which may discard more information than is desired. Furthermore, model-based approaches do not account for the structure imposed by the sampling. A more general fieldwise approach is to estimate all the wind vectors for all the WVCs simultaneously from all the measurements. This approach can account for structure of the wind field as well as structure imposed by the sampling in the wind retrieval step. Williams and Long in 2010 [1] developed a fieldwise retrieval method based on maximum a posteriori estimation (MAP). This MAP approach can be extended to perform a noise versus resolution trade-off, and deal with ambiguity selection. This paper extends the fieldwise MAP estimation approach and investigates both the noise versus resolution trade-off as well as ambiguity removal in the fieldwise wind retrieval step. The method is then applied to the Sea Winds scatterometer and the results are analyzed.


We are sometimes invited to compare the Nicene Creed with the Sermon on the Mount, in order to observe how much they differ as presentations of the truth of Christianity. It would be possible to admit the obvious difference between these two compositions at its face value, and still gis-e full honor to the fourth-century document with all its Greek metaphysics, ifwe could accept Cardinal Newman's theory of development, or apply Abbe Loisy's analogy of the oak, which is so very different from the acorn, from which nevertheless it is a legitimate growth. But what is the reason for bringing forward such a comparison ? Apparently it is done on the tacit assumption that primitive and normatirre Christianity is limited to the contents of the great sermon. That is about as unreasonable as it would be to write down the preacher of a temperance or peace sermon as a Unitarian, because his discourse did not include an implicit assertion of the doctrine of the Trinity. We have no ground for supposing that Jesus put the whole of his theology into an exposition of the ethics of the kingdom of God. Still, let us take the Sermon on the WIount this collection of logia, as perhaps we should regard it and for the moment look at it by itself, and see if it does not contain hints and evidences of what is more fully expressed later. We may note especially what the speaker calmly assumes with regard to himself. Thus he declares that "they of old" said this and that; but adds " I say" the rrery opposite. Now, the sayings which he repudiates are found in the law, the most sacred portion of the Jewish Scriptures. Thus Jesus sets aside portions of this awful Torah merely on his own personal authority. The greatest of the prophets fortified their oracles with the formula, "Thus saith the Lord." But Jesus goes beyond them and


Identifying which socioeconomic factors can explain differences in national sociometabolic profiles, and quantifying how well they do it, is relevant to the question of whether national‐level material flows can be forecast accurately enough to inform policy. In this study, we employed panel analyses to test a wide range of socioeconomic variables with respect to their ability to explain variations in the material flows trajectories between different nations. We found that, apart from the long‐established explanatory variables of population and affluence (gross domestic product [GDP] per capita), additional variables do little to explain the remaining variation between countries. The main explanation proposed for this is that, as product supply chains are increasingly globalized, expecting national‐level material flows to closely reflect national‐level development is not appropriate. The effects of globalized trade on national material flows are profound, and come via a number of different mechanisms, discussed in the study. This implies that attempting long‐term prediction of national demand for primary materials is unlikely to be a fruitful activity, and that further efforts to refine existing models will probably not greatly improve results. Conversely, forecasting material flows at the global scale may not be unreasonable, but would be contingent on having accurate forecasts of population and GDP. The linkage of national material flows to the global economy has important implications for the efficacy of attempting to materially affect global sustainability via policy measures taken in isolation, at the national level.


Based on actual construction,the paper proposes that the making and installation quality of molding boards and brackets are an important link in the quality control of bridge construction and explains the foundation treatment,bracket design,bracket installation,molding board installation,pre-load pressure and bracket removing to ensure the box-girder construction quality.


Attempting to treat the deleterious effects of alcohol and other drugs is not a new phenomenon. More than 200 years ago, Benjamin Rush, America's first surgeon general, labeled "intemperance" a disease. In his book, An Znquiry Into the Efsects of Ardent Spirits Upon the Human Body and Mind: With an Account of the Remedies for Curing Them, Rush described the symptoms of tolerance and alcohol withdrawal, encouraging physicians of the time to consider substance abuse a disease entity.' Concern about the widespread abuse of other drugs began following the Civil War through recognition of addiction as a result of indiscriminate prescription of opiates for pain relief. Not until the 1950s did the American Medical Association formally acknowledge alcoholism as a medical illness,2 and not until the 1960s, as a d i~ease .~ Despite these pronouncements, the lay public, physicians, and nurses continue to question whether conditions in which personal choice play a role can be appropriately placed in the same category as infectious diseases. Health care providers share society's stereotypes of the alcoholic as a "skid row" inhabitant and the drug-dependent individual as an "inner-city junkie," both with poor medical and social progno~es.~ A 1982 AMA poll indicated that 7 1 % of physicians surveyed felt either ambivalent or incompetent about treating alcoh~lism.~ Although complications of alcoholism are present in 20% to 50% of general hospital admissions, alcoholism is diagnosed in fewer than 5% of admissions.6 This paper will explore the historical dichotomy of thought embraced by groups promoting the disease concept of addiction, the origins of health care provider ambivalence toward substance abuse, and the influence of these different orientations on treatments offered for substance abuse. The Temperance Movement


The present study was conducted on 12 buffalo foetii obtained from slaughter house. The curved crown rump length (CVRL) of all the foetii was measured and their age was estimated in days. The dew claws of forelimb and hind limb were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and processed by acetone-benzene schedule. The paraffin sections of 5–7 μm thickness were cut and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin, Masson's trichrome, Periodic acid Schiff, alcian blue and bromphenol blue stains. At 10.0 cm CVRL, the claws comprised mesenchymal cells covered by thin epidermis with varying thickness. With advancing age at 18.0 cm CVRL, their wall was composed of 2 layers of cuboidal cells covered by a thin cornified cell layer. In 28.1 cm CVRL foetus, it was made up of stratum externum, stratum medium, stratum internum, corium and rudimentary phalanx. The stratum internum consisted of a single layer of basal cells with elongated nuclei, which rested upon the basement membrane. The epidermis of dew claws consisted of a single layer of stratum basale, 1–2 layers of stratum spinosum cells, 1–2 layers of stratum granulosum cells and an overlying keratinized layer. The corium was observed between horny lamellae of stratum internum and spongy bone. It contained collagen, reticular and elastic fibers with large number of blood vessels. At 45.5 cm CVRL, the stratum internum was made up of lamellae extending inward from stratum medium. These lamellae appeared as finger like projections at this stage and became branched at 60 cm CVRL onwards. The primary and secondary branches were also observed with the advancement of foetal age. Histochemical study revealed a moderate to strong reaction for acid and neutral mucopolysaccharides and basic proteins.


The time-series forecasting of lake water pollution is a very important and difficult issue of any lake water pollution control system. The time-series data of lake water pollution are huge, high-dimensional and nonlinear, so the information mining of it is difficult. To realize the data mining and forecasting for time-series data of lake water pollution efficiently, an improved prediction model based on the least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) is presented in this paper. To reduce the dimension of samples, the kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) method is used to extract the feature information, which contains the principal components of samples. Then the LSSVM method is used to set up the prediction model and the parameters in this model are optimized by the genetic algorithm. Finally, the proposed prediction model is applied in water pollution time-series data forecasting experiments of Taihu Lake. The experimental results show that the proposed approach has some better performances than the general LSSVM methods, such as the good predictive accuracy and stability in the time-series forecasting of lake water pollution.


The research was performed in AL -Namrud district, south of Mosul city, in autumn season/ 2020 to determine the seasonal presence of insects that accompanying each of the cucumber and marrow,. yellow sticky traps were used for the period from 19/ September until 31/ October, which were placed in the four directions (North, South, East and West) to find out the best direction for catching insects. The results showed that the two plants were infected with insects, aphid and leafhopper and white fly also cucurbit fly insect. Showed the highest average to aphid Aphis sp. 89,33 insect / trap on southern direction in 17/10 And on the cucumber plant. As for the leafhopper insect Empoasca sp. showed highest average for insect 79 insect / trap on Northern direction in 31/10 to cucumber plant, While the highest average was recorded for an insect white fly Bemesia sp. 125 insect / trap on the southern direction in 19/9 on the cucumber plant. while yellow sticky traps did not succeed in Catching a large number of whole insects of the cucurbit fly Dacus ciliatus (Loew) showed highest average 1.33 insect / Trap on the Northern direction in 31/10 on marrow plant.


Android applications are used extensively around the world. Many of these applications contain potential crashes. Black-box testing of Android applications has been studied over the last decade to detect these crashes. In this paper, we propose QLearning-Based Exploration (QBE), a fully automated black-box testing methodology, which explores GUI actions using a well-known reinforcement learning technique called QLearning. QBE performs automata learning to obtain a model of the AUT, and generates replayable test suites. Specifically, QBE learns from a set of existing applications the kinds of actions that are most useful in order to reach a particular objective such as detecting crashes or increasing activity coverage. To the best of our knowledge, ours is the first machine learning based approach in Android GUI Testing. We conduct experiments on a test set of 100 AUTs obtained from the commonly used F-Droid benchmarks to show the effectiveness of QBE. We show that QBE performs better than all compared black-box tools in terms of activity coverage and number of distinct detected crashes. We make QBE and our experimental data available online.


In providing with all-year-round vegetable production the protected soil has a great importance. Nowadays vegetable growing of the protected soil develops as dynamic and highly effective branch of agriculture. Development of branch assumes not only construction new and reconstruction of old greenhouses, but also improvement of existing technologies in cultivation of vegetable cultures. The new technologies of cultivation which are most providing biological requirements of plants provide increase in productivity [1]. Food optimization by application of biologically active agents is one of the most difficult tasks which constantly should be solved at cultivation of any culture. Application of agrochemicals of the directed action provides increase in productivity of culture and improvement of quality in received production. In winter greenhouses the tomato takes the second place after cucumber (20-25% from all area of the protected soil). The tomato differs not in only exclusive taste but also in the high content of vitamins and physiologically valuable substances. Data on influence are provided In the article there are data on influence of dosage compensation by growth regulating fertilizers on productivity and quality of hybrids production of tomato. In quality of dosage compensation it is used activave, megafoul and kendal with which in various combinations processed tomato plants. Joint application of activave, megafoul and kendal was the most effective in experience and as a result productivity increased in comparison with control by 17,9-18,8%, fruits of tomato differed with the high content of solids and sugars, the content of nitrates was within LAC


Solid‐electrolytes (SEs) can provide a pathway to increase energy‐density in lithium metal batteries. However, lithium metal penetration through garnet based LLZO solid electrolytes has been identified as a critical failure process. This phenomenon is related to chemo‐mechanical processes which are difficult to probe. In particular, characterizing the dynamic mechanical deformations that occur in electrode‐SE structures is very challenging. This study reports in situ curvature measurements that are thus designed to probe chemo‐mechanical phenomena that occur during lithium plating. The novel experimental cell configuration created for this work shows that pressure builds up in the Li metal during plating, up until the point where short circuits occur. The resulting data are analyzed with a detailed finite element model (FEM) to quantitatively evaluate stress evolution. The results show that Li metal plating within a surface flaw can produce stress build‐up prior to short‐circuiting. The combined results from both the experiments and the FEM suggest that it is critical to minimize surface defects and flaws during the manufacturing processes.


The changes of the macro- and micro- solidified structures of AI-15.7%Si hypereutectic alloy were examined under various experimental conditions, and the influences of static and gradient magnetic fields with different amplitude and direction on the structures were investigated in details. It is found that not only the distribution of the primary crystal silicon but the structures and density of silicon framework of eutectic are different because of different magnetic parameters. The changes of the primary crystals distribution is due to the action of the Lorentz and magnetization forces caused by intense magnetic fields on the migratory behaviors of Si particles in the alloy matrix; and the forces can also change the convection phenomena during solidification to affect the solidified structures of alloy. The results indicate that it is possible to control the behaviors of reinforced particles in the metal matrix by using intense magnetic fields in the solidification process of metal matrix composites.


Between 1992 and 1995, the Italian pension system was deeply reformed, and it is now moving from an earnings-related to a contribution-based scheme. The pre-1992 system was generous and redistributive; however, often redistribution operated from the poor to the rich, notably because the benefit formula was based on the last years of earnings, thus benefiting workers with steep earnings profiles. The new contribution-based scheme may enhance equity by removing (some of) the inequities implicit in the previous system. Simulations calibrated on Italian male employees show that the contribution-based scheme reduces inequality among all groups considered, with the exception of college graduates employed in the private sector. When taking into account the average level of the benefit as well as its distribution, the analysis shows mixed results depending on the worker's number of years of contribution and on their retirement age, as well as on the steepness of their earnings profile.


Neuregulin (NRG)-1β has a prosurvival effect on cardiac myocytes via the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt pathway, but the physiological regulators of this system in the intact heart are unknown. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that reactive oxygen species regulate NRG/erbB signaling. We used isolated adult rat ventricular myocytes (ARVMs) or cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) in monoculture, or together in coculture. H2O2 induced NRG-1β release from CMECs in a concentration-dependent manner, and conditioned medium from H2O2-treated CMEC activated ARVM erbB4. NRG-1β release occurred via proteolytic cleavage of 115-kDa transmembrane NRG-1β and was inhibited by the metalloproteinase inhibitor 1,10-phenanthroline. In myocyte monoculture, H2O2 induced erbB4-dependent, but NRG-independent, activation of Akt. To elucidate the bioactivity of CMEC-derived NRG-1β on ARVMs, we examined H2O2-induced myocyte apoptosis in co-culture using an antibody to NRG-1β. The percentages of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling-positive cells were significantly higher in the anti-NRG-1β group than in the control group. The change in apoptosis induced by anti-NRG-1β in co-culture was similar in magnitude to the protection of myocytes by addition of recombinant NRG-1β to ARVM monocultures. Activation of NRG/erbB paracrine signaling was also seen in the intact heart subjected to oxidative stress by ischemia-reperfusion injury. Isolated perfused mouse hearts subjected to 15 min of ischemia, followed by 30 min of reperfusion, showed complete proteolytic cleavage of 115-kDa NRG-1β, with concomitant erbB4 phosphorylation. These results demonstrate that reactive oxygen species activate NRG-1β/erbB4 paracrine signaling in the heart and suggest that this system is involved in cardiac adaptation to oxidative stress.


Introduction . Fruit ripening is the process resulting in changes in color, taste and texture, which make the fruit acceptable for consumption. Since a wide spectrum of physiological, biochemical and organoleptic changes are involved in the development of a soft, edible, ripe fruit, we studied theses changes in an underutilized fruit, khirni [Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Dubard]. Materials and methods . The changes in biochemical composition, which includes chlorophylls, carotenoids, anthocyanins, sugars, starch, free amino acids, phenols and proteins, and the specific activity of enzymes such as amylase, invertase, catalase, peroxidase, pectinmethylesterase, polygalacturanase and cellulase were analyzed in the fruit of Manilkara hexandra at five sequential developmental stages (young, premature, mature, preripened and ripened fruit stages). Results and discussion . The pulp of khirni fruit tastes sour during its growth period, but turns sweet when it ripens. A decreasing trend in chlorophylls occurs simultaneously with an increase in the quantity of total carotenoids and anthocyanins. Further, an increase in the quantity of sugars, proteins and phenols occurs towards the ripened stage, but starch and total free amino acids show a decrease in their quantities. Also, khirni fruit exhibits climacteric behavior with its increased rate of respiration and ethylene production. The moderate to significant changes in the activity of enzymes such as amylase, invertase, catalase and peroxidase involved in a number of catabolic and anabolic reactions indicate that these enzymes also have an active role in the process of khirni fruit growth and ripening.


The recognition of the factors which in a given individual have led to the development of chronic nephritis, is both difficult and important. The whole problem of the etiology of chronic nephritis is inherently confused by the variety of possible contributing causes and by the long interval which usually intervenes before the symptomatic stage of the disease appears. For this reason cases which seem to present new aspects of this problem deserve to be studied carefully and recorded, even though alone they do not justify far reaching conclusions. Such a case is the basis of this report. In this instance two distinct etiologic factors are present; the renal anomaly and the occurrence of a severe attack of scarlet fever. Death resulted apparently as a direct result of one or both of these factors at a sufficiently early age to exclude the action of many of the contributing causes of chronic


The unsteady, three-dimensional flowfield of a helicopter rotor blade in forward flight encountering a concentrated line vortex is calculated using an implicit, finite difference numerical procedure for the solution of Euler equations. A prescribed vortex method is adopted to preserve the structure of the interacting vortex. The test cases considered for computation correspond to the two-bladed model rotor experimental conditions of Caradonna et al. and consist of parallel and oblique interactions


The following work tries to diagnose the capacities in function of the management of the maintenance of the infrastructure of the laboratories of Physics and Chemistry of the Technical University of Manabi, having as reference the external and internal relations of the processes of maintenance, for the fulfillment Of this purpose a strategic diagnosis of the Universidad Tecnica de Manabi (UTM) and the identification of the critical relations of the activities of maintenance of the laboratories of Physics and Chemistry of the UTM and its evaluation of the level of integration is realized. The objective of this research is to develop a maintenance management procedure for university laboratories.
Index Terms— Management; Processes;  Maintenance; university management; Qualilty.


Simulation of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) can be quite complex due to heterogeneity of their components and their interactions, which include physical phenomena, levels of abstraction used in modelling the physical and computational structures and processes, and engineering approaches to CPS design and analysis. The concept of system-of-systems (SoS) to designate complex integrated CPS infrastructure engineered as the interacting network of physical and computational processes in electrical networks is proposed. Due to the heterogeneity, the SoS simulations are architected as distributed co-simulation of multiple models. One of the standardized distributed co-simulation platforms is the High Level Architecture (HLA) that runs as a Federation of interacting simulators where the term Federate (FED) is used for designating each system that is a component of an SoS. The lack of a methodology for model characterization and integration into an accurate co-simulation framework of such a complex SoS limits the capability to analyse and design critical CPS infrastructures in electric power systems.


Objective: In this concise and systematic review, the trend of using major medication modalities prescribed for refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), including serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) are discussed. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) systematically using Mesh terms. OCDis extremely disabling and associated with considerable depression and other serious psychiatric illnesses. R esults: Through databases, we found 78 randomized clinical trials (RCTs), which included selective SSRI compared with routine drug therapy or placebo. Out of these 78 studies, 62 studies were conducted on adult patients with OCD, comprising 7920 cases. While only 16 RCTs were performed on children and adolescents with OCD, including 1313 people. We found 24 clinical trial studies related to SGAs, of which were conducted on adult patients with OCD, including 992 cases. C onclusion : As our data showed among the SSRIs, fluvoxamine has been particularly well studied and used in RCTs in both children and adolescents with OCD. According to the summary of our review, it will be better when therapists use SGAs in the early treatment programs of refractory OCD. Thus, considering our reviewed, it seems that the first choice of early treatment programs of refractory OCD is fluvoxamine in combination with quetiapine or aripiprazole. Ke ywords: Obsessive-compulsive disorder, Refractory, Second-generation antipsychotic drugs, Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.


Provided is a spiral tail for an energy-saving exhaust muffler, wherein a pulsation wave is prevented from occurring when an exhaust is discharged to the atmosphere through the outlet of an exhaust muffler, to increase the output of an engine and improve gas mileage.
A spiral tail coupled to the exhaust-side end of an energy-saving exhaust muffler (100) is formed. A tapered tube-shaped tail pipe (10) is formed so that the diameter thereof gradually increases from a coupled end (11) to be coupled to the exhaust-side end of the exhaust muffler (100) to a discharge port (13). A plurality of fins (12) which are twisted in the same direction are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the tail pipe (10). When exhaust gas which has passed through the exhaust muffler (100) passes through the tail pipe (10), the exhaust gas is introduced by the fins (12) while being swirled in a substantially spiral manner, and is discharged to the atmosphere through the discharge port (13), the diameter of which gradually increases.


Stroke is a huge medical care issue and a significant reason for long haul inability [1]. Accepting recovery in a medical clinic post stroke beginning permits the patient fast admittance to prompt multidisciplinary care [2]. Notwithstanding, intense emergency clinic lengths of stay have been essentially diminished [3]. After early release from the emergency clinic, restoration treatment can in any case additionally improve the patient's capacity. In like manner, the quantity of stroke patients who need proceeded with recovery and the arrangement of homebased restoration is expanding. Locally situated recovery permits practice of practically installed exercises in the patient's genuine climate, which might be more gainful than training inside normalized settings. The projects can be custom fitted to coordinate the patient's requirements and afterward rehearsed in a common habitat, which makes customer focused treatment more practicable. However, investigations of locally established restoration for the recuperation of upper-appendage work have indicated promising yet conflicting outcomes. No decisive impacts of locally situated restoration can be drawn, chiefly on account of inadequate investigation plans and the shifted kinds of treatment conventions, for example, practice programs, home visits, telerehabilitation, limitation initiated treatment, and explicit upper-appendage preparing programs. Further exploration to all the more exhaustively examine the viability of locally situated restoration utilizing a controlled preliminary plan is still warranted. Approximately 70% to 80% of stroke patients have furthest point (UE) engine deficts. Mirror treatment has arisen as a novel UE restoration approach, and momentum proof shows that stroke patients profit by this therapy. A contextual investigation found that reflect treatment can be effectively managed at the patient's home environment. Another examination demonstrated the reciprocal development practice and engine symbolism in mirror treatment can be viewed as a sort of preparing method which can encourage ensuing engine learning. Task-explicit preparing, another suggested preparing for stroke rehabilitation, underlines adding dynamic, dreary act of utilitarian exercises to the treatment. Its treatment standards incorporate giving testing, useful, and goal directed exercises, input, fluctuation practically speaking conditions and advancing commitment, which add to fruitful outcomes. Research underpins that task-explicit preparing is basic for upgrading engine and useful recuperation and for creating neuroplastic changes post stroke. With an expanded spotlight on the advancement of plausible and successful stroke recovery in home settings, this examination proposed a novel locally situated intercession program utilizing mirror treatment as a preparing and development practice strategy, trailed by task-explicit preparing. We examined the treatment impacts of locally situated restoration versus center put together recovery with respect to various parts of wellbeing related results in patients with stroke


Environmental Regulation in the New Global Economy: The Impact on Industry and Competitiveness, by R. Jenkins, J. Barton, A. Bartzokas, J. Hesselberg and H.M. Knutsen. Publisher: Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, 2002. 349 pages.


Air conditioning load participating in power grid peak clipping will be very important in power demand side management in the future.The air conditioning system of public buildings has such advantages as a large capacity of load,good adjustable performance,and little influence on social production.This paper analyzes the peak-load regulation ability of public building air conditioning load and proposes the basic idea of peak-load virtual regulation in the power grid with public building air conditioning load.Based on the above,the concrete realization manner of peak-load virtual regulation is presented,which includes four aspects,the building layer,the terminal layer,the communication layer and the host layer.The operation mode of peak-load virtual regulation is also put forword,namely,the operation framework and operation process.


The nearby M3 V star CC 20,986, shows a perturbation from astrometric plates taken with the 61-cm Sproul refractor. The interpretation indicates an unseen companion revolving about the visible component in a period of 3.r72 with a likely range in minimum mass of 0.06 to 0.08 'At . Key words: astrometric binary-parallax


The application potential of cellulose nanofibril (CNF) aerogels has been hindered by the slow and costly freeze‐ or supercritical drying methods. Here, CNF aerogel membranes with attractive mechanical, optical, and gas transport properties are prepared in ambient conditions with a facile and scalable process. Aqueous CNF dispersions are vacuum‐filtered and solvent exchanged to 2‐propanol and further to octane, followed by ambient drying. The resulting CNF aerogel membranes are characterized by high transparency (>90% transmittance), stiffness (6 GPa Young's modulus, 10 GPa cm3 g−1 specific modulus), strength (97 MPa tensile strength, 161 MPa m3 kg−1 specific strength), mesoporosity (pore diameter 10–30 nm, 208 m2 g−1 specific surface area), and low density (≈0.6 g cm−3). They are gas permeable thus enabling collection of nanoparticles (for example, single‐walled carbon nanotubes, SWNT) from aerosols under pressure gradients. The membranes with deposited SWNT can be further compacted to transparent, conductive, and flexible conducting films (90% specular transmittance at 550 nm and 300 Ω ◻−1 sheet resistance with AuCl3‐salt doping). Overall, the developed aerogel membranes pave way toward use in gas filtration and transparent, flexible devices.


Retrospective study performed in a tertiary hospital between January and December 2013. The aim is to make known the current demand of fortified antibiotic eye drops in a tertiary hospital and to analyze the terms of use of vancomycin 50 mg/ml eye drops. All eye drops produced during the year are reviewed. Patients having taken the vancomycin 50 mg/ml eye drops were selected and studied. 144 eye drops were prepared and those containing ceftazidime and vancomycin were the most demanded. The latter was taken by forty-one patients whose most common diagnosis was bacterial keratitis (58.59%) and endophthalmitis (21.95%). Two patients have received targeted therapies but they were empirical in the rest of the cases. There are no conclusive data published showing clear guidelines of use for fortified antibiotic drops. Therefore, further research in this field is needed


Sperm-mediated gene transfer is studied at different level,because it is the most convenient,efficient and feasible way and has a little side-effect on fetation.In the paper,the mechanism of combination of sperm and outer origin DNA and inner transferring,and the existence and reduction of outer origin DNA in sperm genome were analysed.In addition,developing transgenic animals was discussed on the basis of the development of theoretical research.


Radioactive silt sediments from uranium reactors may be effectively and safely included by ceramic compounds. The purpose of the paper is to determine the influence of composition and preparation conditions on physicochemical and mechanical properties of clay-based matrices containing radioactive silt. Clay matrices were prepared from four minerals, took from Siberian regions, as kaolin, loan, bentonite and red clay, and they included radioactive silt sediments collected from Spent Fuel Pool of a Uranium-graphite Reactor. The rate of 137Cs leaching from the matrices of different compositions was studied. The results of the studies allowed determining the optimal compositions and the preparation conditions of the matrices. It has been shown that red clay from "Zykovskaya" career (Krasnoyarsk region, Russia) is preferable for use as a matrix for incorporating the silt sediments compared to kaolin, loam and bentonite due to the maximum values tensile strength and minimal change in ultimate strength for compression after irradiation, freezing and water exposure. Nevertheless, 137Cs leaching rate of all studied composites did not exceed 10−3 g/cm2·day.Radioactive silt sediments from uranium reactors may be effectively and safely included by ceramic compounds. The purpose of the paper is to determine the influence of composition and preparation conditions on physicochemical and mechanical properties of clay-based matrices containing radioactive silt. Clay matrices were prepared from four minerals, took from Siberian regions, as kaolin, loan, bentonite and red clay, and they included radioactive silt sediments collected from Spent Fuel Pool of a Uranium-graphite Reactor. The rate of 137Cs leaching from the matrices of different compositions was studied. The results of the studies allowed determining the optimal compositions and the preparation conditions of the matrices. It has been shown that red clay from "Zykovskaya" career (Krasnoyarsk region, Russia) is preferable for use as a matrix for incorporating the silt sediments compared to kaolin, loam and bentonite due to the maximum values tensile strength and minimal change in ultimate strength for compr...


This paper aimed at developed a power source with the combinaiton of an air motor and a servo motor. The test bench was used to measure the performance curvers and characteristics. The Matlab/Simulink software package was to establish the simulator of the air/electric hybrid powertrain while to analyze the vehicle performance. This research studied the air motor module, the servo motor module, the lithium battery module, the transmission, the energy management strategy, and the driving patterns. The rule-based control strategy was developed; the parameter calibration and rule modification were conducted. The results of simulation and data from the real test were consistent, which indicated that this simulation platform and this approach of performance verification reduces the development period and the cost of trial-and-error experments.


Objective To discuss the methods and effects in repairing of obsolete perineal laceration with degree Ⅱ.Methods 15 cases suffered perineal laceration with degree Ⅱ were repaired.The relaxed levator ani was constricted by suturing under vaginal mucosa.The lacerated perineum was repaired by Z-shape plastic technique.Result The satisfactory results were obtained without complication in all cases.Conclusion The treatment of obsolete perineal laceration with degree Ⅱ should be considered seriously,the suitable surgical intervention is extremely beneficial to improve the patient's life quality as early as possible.


By the use of the integral enthalpy of evaporation of binary mixtures obtained from the linearized Clapeyron diagram (In P against 1/T plot) an expression was derived which may be useful for screening purposes when new working pairs are to be selected. For the construction of the Clapeyron diagram, the knowledge of isobaric bubble temperatures of binary mixtures is required. Suitable mixtures for heat pumping consist of polar components and exhibit normally strong negative deviations from Raoult's law. A method for the estimation of isobaric bubble temperatures of binary organic and organic/water mixtures was derived and tested. The method was based on an empirical generalization of Clapeyron's and Raoult's law for dilute solutions, certain symmetry properties of the linearized Clapeyron diagram and the knowledge of pure component properties. For 35 test mixtures, a total average deviation of 1·42% of estimated thermodynamic bubble temperatures was calculated.


The purpose of the article is to analyse the needs of general education schoolteachers' data literacy skills that are important for the effective use of learning analytics in the teaching-learning process. The theoretical part of the article presents the idea of big data in education, highlights the aspects of pedagogical value of learning analytics technologies, provides the overview of learning analytic tools. Some overview and comparison of spread of learning analytics tools in general education schools in Lithuania and Germany is presented in the context of data-driven education. The empirical part of the article presents some results from a big qualitative study of teachers' experiences applying learning analytics tools in teaching - learning process. The main question of the current research is what data literacy skills teachers need in order to use learning analytics tools and make data based pedagogical decisions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 Lithuanian and 9 German teachers from general education schools, who already have had experience in working with learning experience platforms (digital learning platforms that integrate learning analytics tools). Interview data were analysed by means of content analysis. The results of the qualitative study showed that in order to use learning analytics tools it is important for teachers to have such skills as: digital literacy, data collection, data analysis and interpretation, etc. Comparative analysis of informants' answers showed that teachers in Lithuania and Germany expressed similar needs for data literacy skills.


Utilizing a formulation of output power of a digital beamformer with input quantizers of unequal input and output step sizes given previously, the optimum quantizer step sizes which yield maximum processing gain for a typical array were searched by the method of "steepest ascent" with a digital computer. For the case of two‐bit /channel quantization with small input SNR (⩽ − 10 dB), the array gain surface as a function of two independent step variables exhibits a maximum which is only slightly greater than the maximum array gain achievable with uniform input quantizers. For larger input SNR, the array gain surface tends to be concave upward, and the performance of uniform quantizers can at the best be a suboptimum. The high theoretical processing gain in the limiting case of very large step sizes is attributed to a threshold effect of the input quantizers. Except for these latter conditions, the optimum uniform quantizing condition previously reported by the author represents essentially valid optimum design.


Recently,with the rapid development of domestic tourism,accurate measure of the status of tourism in the national economy has become the important topic in economic research.After straightened out the articles about tourism satellite account,this study classified and summarize the concept of meaning,feasibility analysis,preparation of system and measurement method,the use of the regional area,problems and solutions.Finally,this paper summaries characteristics of the present research and wish to provide help for the future's research.


It's well known that the pressure difference is produced between the outside and the inside of a bend when gas-solid two-phase flow passing through the bend. The existed references show that this pressure difference is related to following factors, mixture concentration of gas-solid two-phase flowmr, velocity of gas phasegvr, velocity of solid phasepvr, curvature radius of the bendR, diameter of the bend (hydraulic radius)D and so on. In certain case, solid phase particle can cause gas phase flow two regions, turbulence intensity restrained region and reinforced region. The numerical simula-tion in present research reveals that particle size has striking effects on the pressure difference both in the gas phase turbul-ence restraint region and in the turbulence reinforcement region, and the smaller particle size is, the more obvious the effect is. This paper analyzes theoretically the phenomena and proposes a correlation of the pressure difference between the outside and the inside of bend with particle size.


Herpes-like virus (HLV) particles have been observed in cultured human cells derived from Burkitt's lymphoma (1), from patients with leukemia and lymphoma (2), from peripheral blood of patients with infectious mononucleosis (3), and from normal healthy human leukocytes (4). Although virus particles have been observed in cells after in vitro cultivation, the presence of the HLV particles in tissues and leukocytes taken directly from humans has not been reported. The pathogenesis of these HLV in human cells and their relationship to the associated clinical diseases is not clear.
 As part of the studies on the pathogenesis and persistence of a HLV in guinea pigs (5), we noted the following: 1) failure to demonstrate HLV particles in leukocytes taken directly from infected guinea pigs; 2) appearance of the HLV particles in leukocytes taken from inoculated animals but only after in vitro cultivation; and 3) evidence of enhanced proliferation of guinea pig leukocytes infected in vitro with the HLV.


Technology in farming systems has been considerate an element for the agricultural development, needed to increase competitiveness. The work's main objective was to determine whether or not the gender has an influence on technological innovation and the perception of produces about the producing farming sheep systems. The study was made in the municipalities of Epitacio Huerta and Contepec, Michoacan, Mexico.  The information was gathered in 47 production units, handled by 24 women and 23 men, all sheep-producing people. Participatory techniques and a questionnaire were used to gather data which was validated by the producers of the content. Regarding the producer's perception with respect to the activity, there were only open questions. All considered variables were related to education, experience, work, capacitation needs, and producer's vision towards technological innovation. Results show low innovation levels, associated to a poor human capital, which is influenced and limited by low education, producers' experience and their need of new knowledge. Women tend to innovate more; small family working groups, producers' vision to a productive activity, which influences directly or indirectly on the technological innovation decision making process.


1. Co-Authorship in the Corinthian Correspondence 2. 1 Corinthians 5:3-5 3. Corinthian Slogans in 1 Cor 6:12-20 4. The Divorced Woman in 1 Cor 7:10-11 5. Works without Faith in 1 Cor 7:14 6. 1 Cor 8:6 - Cosmology or Soteriology 7. Food and Scriptual Gifts in 1 Cor 8:8 8. Freedom or the Ghetto (1 Cor 8:1-13 10:23-11:1) 9. The Non-Pauline Character of 1 Cor 11:2-16 10. Sex and Logic in 1 Cor 11:2-16 11. 1 Cor 11:2-16 Once Again 12. House Churches and the Eucharist 13. Eucharist and Community in First Corinthians 14. Tradition and Redaction in 1 Cor 15:3-7 15. 'Baptized for the Dead' (1 Cor 15:29). A Corinthian Slogan? 16. Interpolations in 1 Corinthians


Low Emission Zones have been designated in the European Union where entry of vehicles causing high emission is regulated. However, existing energy management based control strategies for HEVs do not consider such constraints while computing the optimal torque split ratio (TSR). In this paper, a predictive energy management strategy for a route having a Zero Emission Zone (ZEZ)is proposed. Under this strategy, the required SOC at the entry point of ZEZ for the HEV to cross it in EV mode is estimated where emission is also reduced gradually to zero at its entry. To achieve this, a cost function is designed considering the equivalent fuel consumption rates for different torque speed combinations and the relative distance of the vehicle from the entry point of the ZEZ. This cost function is minimized under various constraints of parameters to satisfy the net tractive torque demand to finally yield the required TSR at each instant. Results obtained using a validated HEV model in simulation environment under drive cycles having a ZEZ demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy when evaluated under various performance parameters. The performance of HEV under different ambient temperatures has also been studied.


Abstract Rickets is a disorder of bone development and can be the result of either dietary or genetic causes. Here, related pugs from 2 litters were included. Three pugs had clinical signs including, lameness, bone deformities, and dyspnea. One other pug was found dead. Radiographs of 2 affected pugs, 5 and 6 months old, showed generalized widening, and irregular margination of the physes of both the appendicular and the axial skeleton with generalized decrease in bone opacity and bulbous swelling of the costochondral junctions. Two pugs had low serum calcium and 1,25 (OH)2D3 concentrations. Test results further indicated secondary hyperparathyroidism with adequate concentrations of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D. Necropsy revealed tongue‐like projections of cartilage extending into the metaphysis consistent with rickets, loss of metaphyseal mineralization and lung pathology. Vitamin D‐dependent rickets was diagnosed. A truncating mutation in the 1α‐hydroxylase gene (CYP27B1) was identified by genome sequence analysis of the pugs with VDDR type 1A. Vitamin D‐dependent rickets type 1A can occur in young pugs, and if left untreated is a life‐threatening condition. Early medical intervention can reverse clinical signs and should be instituted as soon as possible.


Online social gaming is an emerging Internet application that combines online gaming and online social networking functionality for the benefit of millions of daily users. While researchers have investigated the structure of (social) networks for decades, the activity characteristics and the community structure of online social gaming remain relatively unknown. To address this situation, in this work we investigate the BBO Fans club for online bridge. First, we introduce a method to collect and analyze data from BBO Fans and its underlying gaming platform. Our method is novel in that it addresses the lack of a strict definition of social relationship between BBO Fans players, and it defines several player types with implications on community formation and operation. Second, we use the proposed method to collect and analyze a 40-day BBO Fans dataset comprising over 140,000 unique players and over 3,000,000 unique play sessions. Third, we compare the characteristics of BBO Fans with other large social networking and online gaming applications. We find in particular that BBO Fans generates similar levels of activity as but has different community characteristics than similarly-sized games on FaceBook, the largest social network in the world.


Countries in resource-poor tropical regions may be harder hit by the COVID-19 pandemic than other areas, with many residents already suffering parasitic infections which could change how the coronavirus affects them, researchers say.


Diagnostic Procedures Nerve blocks are the most common type of invasive diagnostic procedure. Their rationale is simple: if a certain anatomical structure is the source of pain, then anesthetizing its nerve supply should temporarily relieve the pain. Face and construct validity have been demonstrated for blocks of the nerves that supply the zygapophysial (facet) joints of the cervical and lumbar spine [6]. There is some evidence that selective blocks of the spinal nerves are sensitive and specific for identifying a nerve root as the source of pain [3]. Unfortunately, other types of nerve blocks have not been subjected to rigorous validation studies.


In the utilization and transformation of lagoon, the measure to reduce the inlet width is often adopted in order to increase the inlet depth. Because of this the desired results have not been achieved. On the contrary, lagoon environment is getting worse. Therefore, the relations among tidal inlet velocity, cross-sectional area, inlet length, phase lag and repletion coefficient as well as the effect of drift sand along the coast on the inlet have to be analyzed. On the basis of self- experience and studies, the proposal of transforming problematic inlet, such as using the method of diversion dike under mean tidal level and double profile of inlet as well as inlet dividing, has been put forward for different types of lagoons.


Abstract : The research covered by the present report ranges over a large variety of topics. The introduction of a quasi-particle description has been shown to lead to a great formal simplification of the generalized kinetic equations, and of the expression for the non-equilibrium entropy; specific systems studied include anharmonic solids, classical gases, plasmas and many-fermion systems. The general relation between the equilibrium Gibbs definition and the non-equilibrium Boltzmann definition of entropy has been elucidated, and the resulting picture departs quite radically from the disorder or information theory image of entropy. The study of gravitational systems has led to a new type of long time evolution equation with interesting properties. The theory of unstable plasmas has been extended to the inhomogeneous case, and to situations with an external magnetic field. Further progress in plasma physics bears on the study of the generalized dielectric constant and of Cerenkov radiation. The hydrodynamical equations for a relativistic system have been derived from a statistical description, and exhibit novel features. Of particular significance is the progress achieved in setting up a covariant formulation of relativistic statistical mechanics. Finally the thermodynamical theory of the local potential has been applied to the study of the Soret effect, and has been extended to include the stability analysis of simple kinetic equations. (Author)