In recent years, there has been a growing concern in the field of food chemistry and
product safety about the presence of trans fatty acids in food due to the harmful effects
on human health when consumed. These fatty acids are produced from fats of either
animal or vegetable origin. Most of trans fatty acids are produced during partial
hydrogenation, a process that takes place in the preparation of solid fats as well as
products with improved characteristics. Recent studies of trans fatty acids blame them
for their toxic effects, contributing to problems such as cardiovascular disease, systemic
inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, cancer, diabetes and more.
Continued concerns about the presence of trans fatty acids in food have prompted
the World Health Organization to prepare mandatory claims for trans fatty acids in
edible fats and oils. In this way, the need to find new alternatives to minimize them
because imperative. Therefore, a review is needed to fully identify trans fatty acid
production, detection, quantification and food minimization suggestions. This review
focuses on the formation pf trans fatty acids, their main sources in the human diet, their
chemical and biological properties that effect human health, the methods for detecting
these fatty acids and the regulatory approach to content control of trans fatty acids in
food.


Colonial government in America prior to the Revolution consisted primarily of a provincial assembly and a royal governor. These latter officials exercised their authority without the consent of the people of the colonies and were subject to the direction and control of King and Parliament three thousand miles away. The local inhabitants were represented by the elective assembly. The many and sometimes bitter controversies between the royal governor on the one hand, and the colonial legislatures on the other, led to a distrust and resentment of the chief executive which extended well into the formative period of the union after independence was gained. Quite naturally the citizens of the colonies placed their trust in their chosen delegates. Post-revolutionary state constitutions reflected this attitude. The principle of separation of powers was not restricted to the division of state government into the legislative, executive, and judicial departments. The diffusion of authority was extended into the departments themselves, and especially into the executive office. Under the early constitutions the governors were creatures of the legislature. Little power was delegated to the executive, and even such as was allotted was divided among other executive officials chosen by the legislature and under its domination. This decentralization of executive authority was solidified by the coming of the "Andrew Jackson revolution" and the frontier philosophy of government. Under the influence of these two movements, and because of indiscretions of the legislatures which had caused a fear of concentration of power in that body, many of the independent executives were made elective by the people. Responsible government was sought by fhe spread of administrative authority among many officials subject to the control of the ballot. Though Georgia was no exception to the practice of distributing administrative power among several officials, the break-up of the executive office developed more slowly in that state than in many [ 685]


Major polluting factors,such as charge of effluent produced and pollution characteristics,of waste water from Chinese various types of fiber recycling production lines were discussed.The dissertation and analysis typical waste water treatment engineering sequences for some large scale papermills also reviewed.The technical ideas and processes of waste water treatment for middle scale and smaller papermills were proposed.The investigation and analysis were also concluded with the possibility for zero discharge from Chinese papermills in near future.


Summary Concentrated solutions of tetanus toxoid prepared on a peptone-free medium were examined by electrophoresis in a Tiselius apparatus. The concentrate contained three components—A, present in a very small amount, B and C, present in about equal amounts. The toxoid concentrate was allowed to react with an absorbed tetanus antitoxic pseudoglobulin, the floccules were separated and the supernatant was examined by electrophoresis. The supernatant contained several components, which bore no definite relation to the pattern of the original toxoid concentrate. By far the major part of the protein in the supernatant moved with a lower mobility than either component B or C. The mobility of F which was present in very small amount corresponded to that of B. The presence of components D and E in the supernatant is ascribed to the nonreacting protein present in the antitoxin. Since all of component C and nearly all of component B was removed by flocculation, this evidence is taken to indicate that there was present in the toxoid concentrate two different toxoid proteins. Although this work was done with tetanus toxoid and not with the toxin, consideration of the foregoing statements lends support to the views of Smith and Petrie that tetanus toxin (and by analogy tetanus toxoid) is not a homogeneous solution of toxin or toxoid molecules. We wish to express our gratitude to Dr. Robert C. Warner of the Eastern Regional Laboratory, Philadelphia, Pa., for performing the electrophoretic experiments and for other valuable assistance.


It is known that a constant power load connected to DC electrical network may lead to instability problems on the DC-link variables. This paper addresses this problem of instability. To do this, a supercapacitor which is an energy storage element connected to the network is used to stabilize. To achieve this goal, a nonlinear control law based on backstepping approach is synthesised and robustness tests relatively to parameters variation have been realized. Simulation results confirm the good performances and robustness of the using approach.


Tcl is an embedded control language written in C, running primarily under Unix and with an interpreted C look-and-feel. Tk is an X11 toolkit based on tcl. Xf is an application builder for tk. The entire package is public domain and available from sprite.berkeley.edu. This paper discusses the use of tk to develop a user interface for OSIRIS, an infrared camera/spectrograph now operational on the OSU Perkins 1.8m telescope. The good and bad features of the development process are described.


This present study was designed with a view to investigate the impact of designation, experience and age of sugar mill employees on existing and expected quality of work life (QWL). A total number of 150 employees were selected from four sugar mills on a stratified random sampling basis. The results reveal that the designation, experience and age of sugar mill employees in Bangladesh do not alter their rating of the existing and expected quality of work life (QWL).


This study of political tolerance in India reveals a positive correlation between such tolerance and membership in political parties and unions, and living in urban areas. Surprisingly, the study finds no difference in the levels of political tolerance between BJP and Congress (I) supporters, and no connection with education levels.


Monoclonal antibody (Mab) 57B, which was raised against a recombinant MAGE‐A3 protein, was tested for its ability to stain cells expressing various members of the MAGE‐A gene family. COS‐7 cells transfected with cDNAs encoding MAGE‐A1, A2, A3, A4, A6, or A12 were stained, whereas those transfected with MAGE‐A8, A9, A10, or A11 cDNAs were not. However, in tissue sections, we observed a different pattern of staining: the antibody effectively stained the tumors that expressed MAGE‐A4 and only these tumors, regardless of the expression of the other MAGE‐A genes. It seems, therefore, that at the level of MAGE gene expression found in tumors, a level clearly lower than that observed in transfected COS cells, only the MAGE‐A4 protein can be reliably detected. We conclude that the 57B Mab should be useful for tumor diagnosis related to therapeutic vaccination involving MAGE‐A4. Int. J. Cancer 86:835–841, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


This paper gives insights on the usability of single priority and multi-criteria dispatching rules for production scheduling based on the results for a German chipboard manufacturing plant. A discrete-event simulation of the manufacturing process has been modeled to compare different priority rules with an expert-based sequence for a real set of jobs. The simulation results show that using one single or multi-criteria priority dispatching rule on the total production system basically leads to a poor performance, whereas using different rules for each machine will enhance the overall performance. Higher performance can be achieved by the expert-based scheduling and individual multi-criteria dispatching rules. Hence, a dynamic modification of the production schedule by switching the dispatching rules according to the current performance is proposed, considering unforeseen disturbances.


This article analyzes trends in prison rates and mental hospital rates in France since the earliest available statistics. It shows that, on almost two centuries of data and amidst an agitated political history, every asylum trend in France is "countered" by an inverse prison trend, and vice-versa. Both trends are like a mirror image of each other. We reflect on the possible explanations for this intriguing fact and show that the most obvious ones (a population transfer or a building transfer) are not able to account for most of the relationship. After these explanations have been dismissed, we are left with an enigma with wide theoretical and practical implications. How is it that when prisons fall, asylums rise and when prison rise, asylums fall? We suggest possible research avenues drawing on the 1960s and 1970s critical literature on "total institutions" and offer implications for current theories of the "punitive turn" and current quantitative studies of prison rates.


Background: New therapies designed to block the formation of blood vessels necessary for tumor survival and metastases are showing promise for improving the efficacy and selectivity of cancer treatment. AG-013736, a novel and potent inhibitor of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinases (TKs) has shown anti-tumor activity in xenograft models of cancer [1] and in phase I clinical trials [2, 3]. The ability to non-invasively assess the anti-tumor effects of targeted agents can aid in the development and assessment of new therapeutics. Utilizing dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI is a logical choice for studying VEGFR-TKIs because this technique can provide quantitative measures of tumor microvasculature such as endothelial transfer coefficient (K) and fractional plasma volume (fPV). Alternatively, diffusion-weighted (DW)-MRI is sensitive to different cellular properties such as cellular density and microstructure. Previous work has shown that the apparent diffusion coefficient of water (ADC) measured by DW-MRI can be a sensitive indicator of response to treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation [4]. The goal of this work was to evaluate how well AG-013736 –induced changes in DCE-MRI and DW-MRI correlate with tumor volume, a clinically relevant measure of treatment response. Methods: Female nude mice were implanted with the human breast cancer line BT474, a Her2/neu overexpressing variant. Treated mice (n=4) received 25 mg/kg i.p. b.i.d., of AG-013736 while control mice (n=4) received an equivalent volume of vehicle for 7 days. Tumor-bearing mice were imaged in pairs prior to and after 7 days of treatment. During imaging, mice were anesthetized with 1.5% isoflurane. Imaging was performed on a 1.5T GE Signa scanner (General Electric Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI) using a conventional wrist coil and customized animal holder. Pre-contrast tumor T1 was measured using a 3D variable flip angle fast gradient echo technique. For DCE-MRI studies, mice were injected i.v. with 0.03 mmol/kg Albumin GdDTPA30 . Contrast-enhanced imaging was performed using a coronal T1-weighted 3D gradient echo sequence (TR/TE10.4/4.2 ms, FOV 10 cm, matrix 256 x 192, slice thickness 1.0 mm, 1 NEX). A two-compartment model [5] incorporating the individual arterial input function (AIF) for each mouse was utilized to calculate the endothelial transfer constant (K) and fractional plasma volme (fpV) for each tumor. Diffusion weighted images were acquired from the same mice using a single shot fast spin echo sequence (TR/TE=27/8ms, FOV=10 cm, b=0,600 s/m m). Tumor regions of interest were drawn on 3D images to determine tumor volumes and also for delineation of tumors on ADC maps. Results: The change in mean tumor K, ADC and volumes after 7 days of treatment are shown in Figure 1a, b, and c respectively. A significant decrease in K (-91%, p<0.05) was found after treatment with AG-013736 with a smaller decrease in K (-33%) seen in the control tumors. Minimal decreases in tumor fPV were found for both groups. The treated tumors also showed an increase in mean tumor ADC (27%) after 7 days of treatment, while the control group showed a decrease in ADC (-27%). There was clear tumor growth inhibition in the treated group and continued growth in the control group. When the tumor MRI data were entered into a stepwise multivariate analysis to identify independent MR measures that were significantly correlated with 7 day change in tumor volume, only absolute change in tumor K and ADC were found to be significant (p<0.05).


Computer simulation is recognized as a critical technology, playing a major role in many areas of national interest, such as increasing the efficiency and safety of nuclear reactors, improving the efficiency of car engines or predicting weather patterns and global climate changes. In recent years, rapid changes in computing technology have increased the computing power available to computer simulation professionals. The advent of massively parallel computers and distributed computing networks has accelerated this trend, which is sure to continue in the foreseeable future


The objective of this study is to assess the impact of introducing communicative language activities in teaching methodology, as opposed to 'chalk and talk' method, in order to enhance the communicative competence of learners of English as a second language, in particular business communication students. A total sample of 264 undergraduate students from a management institute was included in the study. Quasiexperimental, non-randomized pre-test and post-test control group design was adopted for the study. The quantitative data was obtained through three internal tests and one external university examination conducted over the period of one year to measure the level of improvement of the learner's communicative competence during the study period. Moreover, qualitative research questions in the form of written feedback were taken. The findings indicated that there was a significant difference in the learners' post-test scores, which suggested that these language activities were powerful in creating an interactive learning environment in which the students could experience how to make use of the intended language spontaneously.


In the current economic context, marked by the Covid-19 pandemic and the related uncertainty,decision-makers worldwide are looking for viable post-crisis solutions, being aware that the problems we are facing require an exhaustive and sustainable approach. The circular economy is getting more and more attention, especially at the European Union (EU) level, as an alternative to the linear economic model that prevailed until now. Using the latest technologies, methods and techniques to recycle and produce secondary raw materials is paramount for the transition to the circular economy. Consequently, our paper analyses if at the EU level there is a statistically significant correlation between the number of patents related to recycling and secondary raw materials and the persons with tertiary education and employed in science and technology. To this end, we rely on the Eurostat database and the tools of statistical analysis, and conclude that there is a trend synergy between the analysed variables, useful in the context of promoting the circular economy.


LSAR was used as biomicriocarrier in disposing sewage. The specific surface of LSAR is large, the force of adsorption is strong, and the fluidity is good. Forming velum is in short and the velum is stabilization. When organic wastewater with high concentration was treated by UAFB reactor, thr ractor can opreate stably and keep the removal rate of COD to be up to 70% at higher volume load.


Using their experience on the McGregor Diversion Project in British Columbia the authors provide a perspective on environmental concerns of water transfer.The paper discusses some aspects of water transfer associated with the McGregor Diversion Project, discussing principal factors which make such schemes unique from other water management projects. Specifically the paper deals with the faunal transfer question in terms of a donor stream, diversion structures and receiving streams. The paper concludes that study of faunal transfer should be undertaken for all water transfer projects. However, such studies should be reviewed in the context of the assessed values of the resources which might possibly be affected; and in terms of multiple use of the waters.The authors point to limiting and deciding factors which can affect the decision rationale in faunal transfer studies; the importance of understanding the human values associated with such projects; and the lack of precedent for such studies and associated...


This book explores ―the small voices of history‖ by focusing on rural Bengal, especially ―the small history of Birbhum‖ (7) during the high period of British colonial rule. For Roy, land is more than property and revenue: it is a form of knowledge that is inextricably linked with landscapes, habits, gender, festivals, and the sociology of power. Though she acknowledges that economic factors are important as they relate to the productivity of the soil, the reclamation of land, emphasis on commercial crops, and monetization of the economy, she argues that these are not sufficient to explain the crisis in agriculture. For example, how did the numerically weak


Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of low-dose inhaled corticosteroids plus low-dose theophylline to the smokers with moderate bronchial asthma (asthma).Methods To screen 80 asthma cases in the clinic,and they were randomized to two groups:the observed group and the control group.The observed group consisted of smokers and the observed group consisted of non smokers.They all accepted inhalation budesonide 200 μg/d plus aminophylline tablet (0.1 gtid po) for 3 months.The ACT,PEF,FEV1 % predicted,IL-4,IL-5 and IgE of peripheral blood were compared before and after treatment.Results Before and 3 months after the treatment,the ACT,PEF,FEV1% predicted,IL-4,IL-5,IgE value for the observed group were (14.3±2.4) and (21.7±2.0),(255.9±99.7) L/min and (290.3±105.2) L/min,(66.5±4.7) and (72.9±5.4),(14.5±3.2) ng/L and (12.3±3.4) ng/L,(27.2± 6.4) ng/L and (24.2±5.8) ng/L,(82.7 ± 16.8) IU/ml and (67.1 ± 14.3) IU/ml,respectively,and those for the control group were (13.8 ± 2.2) and (21.5 ± 1.4),(279.1 ± 103.3) L/min and (321.3±110.4) L/min,(68.8±5.8) and (74.8±5.5),(13.4±2.9) ng/L and (11.4±2.8)ng/L,(26.5±6.9) ng/L and (22.8± 6.2) ng/L,(78.8±18.2) IU/ml and (66.4±17.8) IU/ml,respectively,which were remarkably improved in both groups (P < 0.05).There were no differences between two groups (P >0.05).Conclusions Compared with non-smokers,the smokers with moderate bronchial asthma treated with ICS plus low dose theophylline showed similar therapeutic effects in the improvement of clinical symptoms,increasing of lung function and control of the airway inflammation.

Key words:
Inhaled corticosteroids; Theophylline; Bronchial asthma; Cigarette smoking


Objective: To review the scientific literature on the efficacy and safety of Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in the management of patients infected with the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), control of viral transmission, adverses reations and possible use as prophylaxis. Literature review: direct antiviral effect and cytokine control were observed in vitro tests, improvement of symptoms and reduction of viral load in observational studies,in the milder conditions of the disease. However, divergences regarding the safety of treatment and the lack of randomized controlled trials so far, do not allow such a medicine to be used on a large scale, as they do not meet the rigor of the evaluation of scientific effectiveness. Final considerations: Large-scale trials with greater scientific impact are essential in order to better elucidate the efficacy and safety of HCQ, therefore caution has been recommended in the off-label use of this medication for patients with COVID-19, in order not to aggravate the health condition.


The thesis will be addressed legislation on the issue, the current state of roads and their maintenance in the locality. Furthermore fleet, which ensures the maintenance. Based on the findings will be evaluated the current status of plans for road maintenance in the area and suggested optimal solutions to improve the current situation.


This is an abstract of the paper submitted to Studia Logica. (ii) δ is an unary operation on D such that: δ(0) = 0, δ(z ∨ y) = δ(x) ∨ δ(y), δ(x) = δ(x ∧ ¬δ(x)), for every x, y ∈ D. An atom of a co-diagonalizable algebra is an element x = 0 such that there is no element y which lies properly between 0 and x. A co-diagonalizable algebra is atomic iff every nonzero element x includes an atom. The aim of this paper is to show an topological representation of atomic co-diagonalizable algebras. 1. Let Cl be a closure operation in a topological space X. Then for every A ⊆ X, the set A d defined as follows p ∈ A d iff p ∈ Cl(A − {p}), for all p ∈ X, is said to be the derivative of the set A, (cf. [1]). Theorem. For every atomic co-diagonalizable algebra D there exists a topological space X and the one-to-one function h : D → 2 X such that:


A perovskitelike compound LaTiO[sub 3] shows insulating or barely metallic behavior depending on a slight ([le]0.04) deviation of the Ti valence (+3) arising from nonstoichiometry of La and/or oxygen. In order to investigate electronic properties of the specimens in the very vicinity of the Mott insulator-metal phase boundary, we have measured the doping- and pressure-induced effects on the electrical and magnetic properties. The results have indicated a crossover behavior from localized to itinerant nature of the electronic state with increase of the doping level and one-electron bandwidth.


The influence of somatic cells affecting the differentiation and development of germ cells in gonadal differentiation is discussed. It has been confirmed that both the male and the female germ cells can be induced to enter meiosis under the influence of the rete ovarii. The interaction between germinal and somatic cells is also investigated using an 'artificial' chimaeric gonad which contains somatic and germinal cells of opposite sexes. The results indicate that XY germ cells can survive in the XX somatic environment and are induced to enter meiosis precociously while XX germ cells fail to survive in an XY somatic environment.


Critical discussion of the political in Beckett has foundered on the tendency to view Beckett as the great twentieth-century poet of failure (and human resil ience), the high modernist whose texts transcend mundane issues of social iden tity and political conflict. I propose that Beckett's oeuvre, and Waiting for Godot in particular, dramatizes the workings of identification, and thus offers pene trating insights into the workings of the political. Drawing on Beckett's text, and Susan Sontag's so-called 'political' production of Godot (Sarajevo 1993), I argue that Beckett sets forth a 'political imaginary' Pozzo's "society of my likes" which the tramps reproduce and resist.


Background:Working women in Shanghai are a special group with a high risk of suffering work stress and burnout. They were disturbed by the work-family conflicts, which resulted in lower health-related quality of life (HRQoL), higher job stress and burnout. This study evaluated the potential physical activity and counselling intervention effects on health outcomes of working women in Shanghai participating in a group- or an individual-based physical activity and counselling intervention compared to a control group.Methods:Participants were randomly recruited from eight communities of Shanghai using the stratified cluster sampling method. A sample of 121 female workers was used in this study. They were randomly divided into three groups: a control group and two intervention groups (individual-based and group-based intervention). The two intervention groups accepted 12-week moderate physical activity and counselling intervention. Subjective perceptions of work stress, burnout, and HRQoL were measured before and after the intervention. Results:In the control group, no significant difference was found between participants for stress (p = 0.752) and burnout (p = 0.622) before and after the experiment. However, the HRQoL value decreased after the experiment, with the mean value falling from 91.59 to 87.10. After the experiment, the values of stress and burnout decreased, and the value of HRQoL increased in the two intervention groups. At the intervention's completion, there were significant differences compared the two intervention groups to the control group separately regarding changes in burnout and HRQoL (all p < 0.01). For stress, the group-based intervention group exhibited a significant difference compared to the control group (p < 0.01), while the individual-based intervention group did not exhibit a significant difference compared to the control group (p = 0.128).Conclusion: Physical activity and counselling intervention delivered either in a group or individual format could reduce burnout and improve HRQoL of working women in Shanghai, and the group interventions were more effective than those targeted at individuals.


A simple, sensitive, accurate, precise and rapid UV spectrophotometric method was developed for the estimation of Tolvaptan in pure form and its formulation. For the estimation of Tolvaptan, solvent system employed was Methanol and Dissolution medium (0.01N Hydrochloric acid + 1% Sodium Lauryl Sulphate) and wavelength of detection was 269nm .The developed method was used to estimate the total drug content in commercially available oral formulation of Tolvaptan and recovery studies were carried out. Sample recovery in the formulation using the above method was in good agreement with their labeled claim, thus suggesting the validity of the method noninterference of formulation excipients in the estimation.


PRAMIPEXOLE, LIKE OTHER dopamine agonists for treating Parkinson's disease (PD), has a tendency to induce psychotic symptoms due to central dopaminergic stimulation. A meta-analysis demonstrated that, relative to placebo, pramipexole increased the risk of hallucinations (odds ratio 5.2). There is no report detailing the psychosis formation in terms of the dosage of pramipexole that causes it. Here we present a case of PD in which the psychotic symptoms were exacerbated after increasing pramipexole dosage. The patient was an 89-year-old man with a 6-year history of PD. Two years previously he began to receive amantadine and selegiline. Three months later, pramipexole (0.25 mg/day) was added to his treatment regimen to combat his persistent tremor and bradykinesia, and the dosage was increased to 0.5 mg/day in 2 weeks. One month after the dosage was titrated to 0.5 mg/day, visual hallucinations (VH) developed. He could see faces of people and ghosts in different sizes and colors. The occurrence of VH was mostly limited to night time, when he was fully conscious and aware, but he did not inform others about these symptoms. In terms of his prominent motor symptoms, pramipexole was titrated up to 2.25 mg/day 5 months before this admission. After 2 months on this regimen he experienced an increased frequency of complex VH, and also had olfactory hallucinations, delusions of being poisoned, delusions of persecution, and destructive behaviors. All these psychotic symptoms persisted under normal consciousness. Amantadine and selegiline were discontinued. Pramipexole was decreased to 1.5 mg/day and quetiapine 25 mg/day was prescribed. However, all the psychotic symptoms remained the same for 1 week under the regimen. He was then admitted to the geropsychiatric ward. After admission pramipexole was discontinued and, due to his vivid psychotic symptoms and agitation, quetiapine was increased gradually to 300 mg/day in 10 days. Three weeks after admission his psychotic symptoms gradually resolved. After discharge, quetiapine dosage was reduced gradually without psychotic exacerbation. In addition, no antiparkinsonian drug was used for his tremor and bradykinesia, which were reported as tolerable. To our knowledge this is the first case report of pramipexole-induced olfactory hallucinations and delusions of persecution in addition to auditory and visual hallucinations. The patient's psychosis developed after addition of pramipexole and were exacerbated after increasing the dosage. His psychosis recovered gradually after discontinuing pramipexole and applying quetiapine. Animal study has demonstrated that pramipexole dose-dependently evoked hyperactivity that was inhibited by antipsychotics, such as haloperidol. This report highlights the importance of monitoring and screening the psychotic symptoms in patients treated with pramipexole, especially for elderly patients.


Atmospheric pressure absolute rate coefficients have been determined for the gas phase reaction of OH radicals with methyl chloride (k1), methylene chloride (k2), and chloroform (k3) over an extended temperature range using a laser photolysis/laser-induced fluorescence technique. The rate coefficients are best described by the following modified Arrhenius equations:

Measurements were obtained as a function of excimer photolysis intensity and are compared with previous results and extended to higher temperatures. Photolysis intensities in excess of 12 mJ-cm−2 were found to measurably increase (up to a factor of 2) the rate coefficients for k3 between 400–775 K, with the effect increasing with increasing temperature. A similar, yet much smaller (ca. 20–35%) increase was observed for k2 between 675–955 K. No effect was observed for k1 at any temperature. Relative absorption coefficient measurements at 193.3 nm indicated that chlorinated methane photolysis increases with both increasing temperature and increasing chlorine substitution. These measurements suggest that reactant photolysis may be responsible for the observed dependence of k2 and k3 on photolysis intensity at elevated temperatures. The puzzling and disconcerting discrepancy between previously published high temperature measurements of k3 and transition state model predictions is reconciled with these latest measurements. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Treatment of the bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) can elicit high bacterial resistance and stress to steers in a feedlot. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate three therapeutic protocols with long-acting antibiotics against BRDC naturally acquired in steers finished in feedlot. In a total of 80 animals finished in a feedlot, 18 steers showed clinical signs compatible with BRDC (mucopurulent nasal secretion, lung auscultation alteration, leukocytosis, and decrease of dry matter intake). These animals were randomly treated: marbofloxacin in a single dose (M1), marbofloxacin in two doses (M2), or ceftiofur in a single dose (C1) on Day 0. The clinical score of pneumonia, hemogram, daily food intake, and body weight were analyzed during 7 days. On slaughter day (Day 100), the body weight and frequency of lungs with pneumonia was evaluated. On Day 7, M2 showed absence of pneumonia, and M1 and C1 still showed a clinical score of mild pneumonia (P = 0.01). On day 2 and day 3 M2 showed a higher dry matter intake than others treatments (P = 0.05). C1 showed a lower body weight than others group on day 1 and 2 (P = 0.05). The C1 and M1 showed a higher pneumonia frequency than M2 (P = 0.02). The M2 slaughter weight was numerically higher than the other treatments. We conclude the marbofloxacin in two doses eliminated the pneumonia ́s clinical symptoms and allowed the animals to return the productivity earlier than other protocols.


A specimen of Pelecanus onocrotalus L. has beend found on the plain of La Selva, being this one the first reference of this species in Catalonia and one of the few ones in the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands.


ansglutaminases are widely distributed as a superfamily in many tissues in mammals. This type of enzymes catalyze the acyl transfer reaction between a #gamma# carboxyamide group of glutamine and #epsilon# amine group of lysine or other primary amines,giving rise to the formation of #gamma# glutamyl #epsilon# lysine peptide chain bridges. They can create high molecular weight polymers. These enzymes have relationship with a number of important physiological functions. And they contribute to a lot of human diseases, including inflammatory disease, chronic neurodegeneration and neoplastic disease. With the mechanism of disease we learn about, they begin to be used in therapeutics and diagnosis of diseases.


From the study of Ebers-moll model of transistors, in combination with the circuit structures of rail to rail operational amplifiers the principles of negative-position power input and output of the rail to rail operation amplifier are analyzed in detail, the problems which shall pay attention to are pointed out.


The present study was done to identify the karyotype of Mystus pelusius fish , which is the only representative of the family Bagridae in Iraq, they have been caught from Tigris river in AL-Kraat area of Baghdad city, the results show that the diploid chromosome number was 2n=32 and the males chromosomal types included 2n=(6m+13sm+7st+6t)and fundamental number FN=51, in females chromosomal types included 2n=(6m+12sm+8st+6t)with FN=50,also it observed that the first submetacentric pair was the largest within the biarmed chromosomes .The results revealed that the male heterogamety and the female homogamety , accordingly it follows the sex determination system (XX / XY) , as the (X) chromosome represented by medium sized submetacentric (sm)chromosome and (Y)chromosome by small sized subtelocentric (st) chromosome.


The change of the system of the Volunteer Corps in Kyoungsang-uhdo during Japanese Invasion was related to the characteristic change of the Volunteer Corps movement. The Volunteer Corps organization went through the processes : 1) the formation stage as a homeland reserve corps, its force was very weak, 2) the early stage of Volunteer Corps movement, formally build up the organization, 3) a dual system stage, organized with government army. Fist, The troops of Cheon, Chi-Weon(全致遠) and Lee, Dae-Ki (李大期) represented the early form of the Volunteer Corps organization. The participants who were in Chokye helped by Kasu(假帥) Kwag, Youl(郭 ). In the early, those principally acted in homeland, and then were partially enlisted in the troops of Kim, Myoun(金沔) who was the Volunteer Corps'general of Kyoungsang-uhdo and Chung, In-Hong. So those didn't appeared independently in letter period. Second, Chung, In-Hong(鄭仁弘)'s troop organized early Volunteer Corps by May, and from this time developed the independent Volunteer Corps movement on the base of the powerful control of the village society. Since then, he denied government post and became the general of the homeland reserve corps uniquely in Kyoungsang-uhdo when the Japanese Invasion of 1597. Third, The troop of Kim, Myoun was organized by may in 1592. And in latter period it controlled volunteers totally in Kyoungsang-uhdo and became government army. The prominent Volunteer Corps' generals enlisted in it. They in the early led independently homeland reserve corps or volunteers. Kim, Myoun's troop was led by persons in Koryoung and Geochnag, and later volunteers and government army everywhere in Kyoungsang-uhdo participated in it. And the troop of Kwag, Jae-Woo(郭再祐) acted as independent Volunteer Corps by April in 1592. Kwag, Jae-Woo totally controlled volunteers in Kyoungsang-uhdo after Kim, Myoun's dead. The personal formation of the troop of Kwag, Jae-Wook also was expanded districts from Uiryeong to Changyeong. Because he became Kyoungsang-geoabyoungsa(慶尙左兵使), and acted as the general of government army. Kwag, Jae-Woo commanded government army at the battle of Whawangsansung in the Japanese Invasion of 1597(丁酉再亂). So, in the latter of the organization, many persons from various districts participated in it. Finally, The meaning of the changes of each Volunteer Corps organizations is the fact that Volunteer Corps was constituted individually, but after the government army was equiped, to the dynasty the control of became a crucial task. Therefore the government dispersed and grasped the Volunteer Corps through Kim, Myoun and Kwag, Jae-Woo. Consequently, in 1592, the number of volunteers in Kyoungsang-uhdo was decreased. Meanwhile, the Volunteer Corps received government aids, and became quasi-government army. Because the number was increased, and so the provisions was short. That just weakened the individuality of the Volunteer Corps. According to the disposal of the Volunteer Corps, people in Kyoungsang-uhdo became brigand or surrendered to the Japanese army. And the lower class of the Volunteer Corps lost one's character as a warrior who fought for the nation, and were enlisted in government army, or went back to soil.


Background: Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK)II has been implicated in impaired myocardial Ca2+ signaling and may play an important role in the development of heart failure (HF). The objective of this study was to characterize CAMKII signaling in patients with HF before and after prolonged left ventricular assist device (LVAD) support.

Methods: LV apex tissue pairs were collected in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (n=10) at LVAD implantation and explantation. Normal cardiac tissue was used as control (n=4). Total protein, as well as cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions, were analyzed by Western Blot analysis.

Results: The duration of LVAD support ranged from 48 to 595 days (mean = 271±54) with no patient exhibiting myocardial recovery. Total CamKIIδ levels in failing hearts were significantly higher than normal hearts and increased after LVAD, mainly due to an increase in cytoplasmic CaMKIIδC, which regulates Ca2+ handling (Table 1). Nuclear CaMKIIδB, which regulates Ca2+ gene transcription, did not change. Calmodulin remained increased in the nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions after LVAD. CaMKII autonomous, non-CaM-dependent activity, reflected by phosphorylation in Thr207, was increased pre- and post LVAD in cytoplasmic CaMKIIδC. The CaMKII-dependent myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) was increased pre- and significantly further post LVAD in the nucleus while decreased in the cytoplasm, suggesting translocation into the nucleus after LVAD support. Class IIa HDACs 4 and 5 interact with MEF2, resulting in repression of MEF2-dependent genes. Phosphorylated levels of HDAC4 and HDAC5 were increased pre- and post LVAD, which would result in activated MEF2.

Conclusions: This study shows for the first time an increase of the hypertrophic factor MEF2 associated with persistent activation of CamKIIδC after prolonged LVAD support, which may have implications for cardiac remodeling during mechanical support.

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It is 20 years since Abbas and Bell [1994. "System Dynamics Applicability to Transportation Modeling." Transportation Research Part A 28 (5): 373–390] evaluated the strengths and weaknesses of system dynamics (SD) as an approach for modelling in the transportation area. They listed 12 advantages of the approach and in particular suggested it was well suited to strategic issues and that it could provide a useful tool for supporting policy analysis and decision-making in the transport field. This paper sets out a review of over 50 peer-reviewed journal papers since 1994 categorising them by area of application and providing a summary of particular insights raised. The fields of application include the take-up of alternate fuel vehicles, supply chain management affecting transport, highway maintenance, strategic policy, airport infrastructure and airline business cycles and a set of emerging application areas. The paper concludes with recommendations for future application of the SD approach.


Human detection has been appear for several years and has greatly effect our daily life for it is the base of surveillance system, intelligent control and auto operation, which has changed our life more convenient. However, as the complexity of human detection algorithm, the system above cannot response in time or interact normally with human. In this paper, we focus on the algorithm based on Histogram of Oriented Gradient(HOG) and proposed a novel method to accelerate the process of this algorithm by reducing the regions that needless for useless calculation.


Objective Study of autologous serum eye treatament of chemical injury and thermal burns.Methods 83 cases of ocular chemical injury and thermal burns autologous serum treatment effect analysis.Results:This group of 83 cases after treatment with autologous serum recovered 78 cases(108eyes)Account for94%for the eyes95.5%,basic recovered 4 cases(5 eyes)account for4.8%for the eyes4.4%,improyementin 1 case.Conclusion:Autologous serum has can promote wound healing,quickly remove necrotic organization,at the same time also can prevent the formation of symbiepharon.


The paper provides an analysis of certain key notions, such as solidarity and pragmatic solidarism in Hungarian foreign policy especially towards Sub-Saharan Africa, in particular during Communist times, as well as pragmatism as such, both during the Soviet period and in the post-Communist era. This will be contextualized in the gradual build-up of the Global South since the Bandung Conference of 1955. Special attention is provided to underscore the importance of education and government scholarships – as successful soft power tools – in fostering long-term relations with an enhanced interest in deepening economic cooperation. The article offers an analysis of the unfolding of the Hungarian Africa policies/strategies as a case study, but in the broader regional context of the Visegrad Four. The contribution of this paper to the field is that it broadens the relatively scarce literature on CEE foreign policies, in general, and on the Africa-policies, in particular, and offers a documented overview to better understand the Hungarian case, which has normative relevance for EU policies and geopolitics.


Objective To investigate the predictive value of multi voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy(1HMRS) in evaluating the metabolic changes in oedema area of the high grade of glioma.Methods Thirty five patients with surgical biopsy the Ⅲ~Ⅳ grade of glioma were examined by MR superconducting scanner.The data contains major metabolites peaks.The changes of major metabolites including N-acetylaspartate(NAA),Choline-containing compounds(Cho),Creatine and phosphocreatine(Cr) were observed.Then Cho/Cr,NAA/Cho,NAA/Cr were calculated.Results The Cho/Cr,NAA/Cho,NAA/Cr values of strengthened area were 3.181 1±2.313 5,0.414 4±0.281 8,1.048 5±0.712 3 and the Cho/Cr,NAA/Cho,NAA/Cr values of edema area of glioma were 2.087 9±1.592 1,0.727 0±0.527 2,1.216 9±0.707 9.The Cho/Cr,NAA/Cho,NAA/Cr values of normal area were 0.633 2±0.077 9,0.833 4±0.102 6,0.771 2±0.094 0,Cho/Cr,NAA/Cho,NAA/Cr values did not have significant differences between edema area and strengthened area of the Ⅲ~Ⅳ grade of glioma(P0.05).Cho/Cr,NAA/Cho,NAA/Cr values had significant differences between edema area of glioma and corresponding contralateral normal area(P0.05).Conclusion Multi-voxel 1HMRS examination has important clinical value in high grade(Ⅲ~Ⅳ grade) of glioma diagnosis and in judging the boundary of tumors.


Motivation: Self-organizing maps (SOMs) are readily available bioinformatics methods for clustering and visualizing high-dimensional data, provided that such biological information is previously transformed to fixed-size, metric-based vectors. To increase the usefulness of SOM-based approaches for the analysis of genomic sequence data, novel representation methods are required that automatically and bijectively transform aligned nucleotide sequences into numeric vectors, dealing with both nucleotide ambiguity and gaps derived from sequence alignment. Results: Six different codification variants based on Euclidean space, just like SOM processing, have been tested using two SOM models: the classical Kohonen's SOM and growing cell structures. They have been applied to two different sets of sequences: 32 sequences of small sub-unit ribosomal RNA from organisms belonging to the three domains of life, and 44 sequences of the reverse transcriptase region of the pol gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 belonging to different groups and sub-types. Our results show that the most important factor affecting the accuracy of sequence clustering is the assignment of an extra weight to the presence of alignmentderived gaps. Although each of the codification variants shows a different level of taxonomic consistency, the results are in agreement with sequence-based phylogenetic reconstructions and anticipate a broad applicability of this codification method. Contact: email@example.com Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online. VC The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: firstname.lastname@example.com 736 Bioinformatics, 31(5), 2015, 736–744 doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btu708 Advance Access Publication Date: 24 October 2014


Abstract. We developed a new aerosol retrieval algorithm combining a numerical aerosol forecast. In the retrieval algorithm, the short-term forecast from an aerosol data assimilation system was used for a priori estimate instead of spatially and temporally constant values. This method was demonstrated using the Advanced Himawari Imager onboard the Japan Meteorological Agency's geostationary satellite Himawari-8, and the results showed spatially finer distributions than the model forecast and less noisy distributions than the original algorithm. We validated the new algorithm using ground observation data and found that the aerosol parameters detectable by satellite sensors were retrieved more accurately than a priori model forecast by adding satellite information. Moreover, the retrieval accuracy was improved by using the model forecast as compared with using constant a priori estimates. By using the assimilated forecast for a priori estimate, information from previous observations can be propagated to future retrievals, thereby leading to better retrieval accuracy. Observational information from the satellite and aerosol transport by the model is incorporated cyclically to effectively estimate the optimum field of aerosol.


Abstract Objective: Recent research suggests that health disparities persist among asthmatic patients and receipt of asthma education, though recent guidelines have highlighted the importance of receiving asthma education. The purpose of this study was to identify trends in the receipt of asthma education as well as to identify disparities in asthma education using the most recently available data in National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, 2007–2010. Methods: Weighted chi-square tests were conducted to identify associations between asthma education and variables of interest. A weighted multivariate logistic regression model was subsequently constructed to jointly assess the association of factors of interest on receipt of asthma education. Submission to the Campbell University Institutional Review Board resulted in expedited approval. Results: The percentage of patients who receive asthma education remains quite low. After adjusting for all variables of interest: no statistically significant difference in receipt of asthma education between year groups (2007–2008, 2009–2010) was found (odds ratio [OR] 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.52–1.34); patients seen by pediatricians (vs. internal medicine physicians) and Hispanic or Latino patients (vs. non-Hispanic or Latino patients) were more likely to receive asthma education (OR 2.72, 95% CI 1.11–6.66 and OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.18–4.60, respectively); and patients not prescribed a controller medication were less likely to receive asthma education than those who were (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.37–0.82). Conclusions: Combined with previously published results, it appears the provision of asthma education continues to be low, despite proven benefits. Additionally, some patient and physician characteristics may be associated with the delivery of asthma education.


This paper introduces an Extremum Seeking Control Maximum Power Point Tracking (ESC-MPPT) applied to solar photovoltaic (SPV) water pumping system with fast- tracking ability. This paper is divided into two parts. In the first part, comparison of ESC-MPPT with the traditional directly duty ratio driven fixed step size perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm is carried out. The efficiency of both the MPPT is calculated to provide a base for ESC-MPPT. In the second part, the performance of the overall system applying ESC-MPPT is studied. In this article simplified ESC or scalar perturb-based, ESC alternatively called as ESC is used. Irrespective of ESC- MPPT and SPV array, this system employs a DC-DC Zeta converter, an Inverter, a Brushless DC (BLDC) motor with the electronic commutator. A Zeta converter is employed due to its relatively small output ripple then other DC-DC converters. MATLAB/Simulink based model is utilized for performance analysis of the overall system when subjected to a sudden change in irradiance when ESC-MPPT is implemented.


The paper introduces the Broadband Data Link's equipments, system architecture, signal characteristics, etc., and analyzes it's weak section. The reconnaissance and jamming measures are discussed.


The traditional approach for evaluation of intravenous lines prior to use (especially lines started by others prior to arrival in the operating theater) is to check the site for redness, tenderness, etc., check connections, and observe the line for blood return when opened to air below the level of the heart. Blood return is good evidence that the tip of the intravenous line is truly within the lumen of the vein. If no blood return is observed, a syringe is used to irrigate the line with crystalloid. The line again is opened to air and observed for blood return. Failing this, an evaluation of the ease of syringe crystalloid infusion is made. In the past, we have occasionally been misled by an intravenous line that irrigates well and drips well, but ultimately is proven not to be intravascular (especially common with lines located in the saphenous or antecubital areas). For the last 2-3 yr, we have employed an additional test to help confirm intravascular placement of the intravenous lines prior to use. The line is allowed to drip via gravity and the rate of flow observed. Then, a hand encircling the extremity (with tourniquet effect) is placed well above the tip of the intravenous catheter (Figure 2). I f this maneuver quickly stops or significantly slows the flow of intravenous fluid, this suggests proper intravascular placement of the line. If the test fails to alter significantly the rate of flow of the line, extravascular placement must be suspected. The test does not rule out the possibility that only the very tip is intravascular, and that subsequent movement of the extremity might dislodge the tip to an extravascular position. We presume that this test works by occluding venous return proximal to the intravenous catheter. As intravascular venous pressure approaches drip chamber pressure, flow slows and then stops. In the case of a catheter that seems to function (drips and irrigates well) but is extravascularly placed, a tourniquet effect proximal to the catheter will not have this effect. While there is no absolute clinical test to rule out the possibility of extravasation of fluids intended for intravenous routes, this test provides another simple, rapid assessment of intravenous location prior to use.


Sphenorhynchia asymmetrica (Kitchin) from the upper and upper middle Macrocephalus Beds of Middle Callovian age and Rhactochynchia pseudoinconstans (Kitchin) from the Lower Patcham Beds of Upper Bathonian age of Kutch, Western India, show typical asymmetry in their shell development. This is particularly noticeable at the anterior commissure. This is compared with similar asymmetric features exhibited by other brachiopod species from different parts of the world. On the basis of the nature of asymmetry in the two Kutch species, the strength of numerical observation in them and on a consideration of the reproductive mechanisms in brachiopods, it is suggested that the asymmetric developments in these two species has led to an easily recognisable dimorphism which possibly is reminiscent of sexual dimorphism.


It is just under 2.5 years since I took up my appointment as the Joint Director of Public Health for Bristol and this has proved to be a professionally rewarding time to be practising public health in the city. It has been intellectually stimulating to work with others to think through the implications of this role, particularly for local authorities some of whom felt—though not in Bristol—that this was an appointment foisted upon them without adequate consideration of its implications or appropriate consultation. But the implications are almost as significant for the NHS, especially as Primary Care Trusts embark upon the World Class Commissioning voyage—a journey that poses questions regarding the distinctive contribution of the contemporary public health function and how it can be best discharged both within the NHS and more widely. The solutions to these emergent issues regarding the role and responsibilities of public health in today's complex environment of continuous organizational change, evolving inter-organizational arrangements and the coming-of-age of working in multiagency partnerships are not straight-forward, which is precisely why committed and effective leadership in public health remains an important and rewarding professional role. Working with the local authority is a common experience for public health professionals, but when I started working for the City Council, I was surprised how much I had to learn—about local authority values and culture and methods of working—in order to be an effective member of the Strategic Leadership Team. It is a very considerable privilege to have the opportunity to fulfil this role, for this team, working for and with the political administration (the cabinet) of the Authority has the responsibility and opportunity to significantly influence the future shape and nature of the city; to a considerable degree the cabinet supported by the Strategic Leadership Team can determine the sort of place the city is and will be for its residents, including the richness or paucity of the opportunities citizens will have to make choices that are both healthy for them and for the planet. How can this opportunity of bringing a public health perspective to all the work of the council add real value to that work? This is the question that has and continues to challenge me on a daily basis. An important part of the answer is having public health directorate staff work closely on shared priorities with council staff in all of the major directorates of the council, especially as most people in the council, both members and officers, do not know what public health specialists and practitioners do. Our Health Our Care Our Say can be read to imply that the Joint Director of Public Health role is only or primarily about joint working with Directors of Adult Social Care and Children and Young Peoples Services; thus, the responsibility for the Joint Strategic Needs Assessment is given to these two directors and the Director of Public Health. These are indeed very important relationships, but spatial planning, economic, transport and housing policy, and environmental, culture and leisure services are major determinants of population health and health inequalities. I found that it was taken for granted that I would work closely with the Children and Young Peoples Directorate and the Health and Adult Social Care Directorate—though no great clarity about what my role would be or the added value I would bring even in these areas of work—but initially some surprise that I thought


Following a 10‐min near‐field exposure to sham radiation of 2.45 GHz microwave (MW) radiation at a power density of 10 mW/cm2, male Swiss‐Cox mice were injected with sodium phenobarbital (PB) (150 mg/kg, iv) and the onset and duration of PB‐induced sleep were recorded. MW‐pretreated mice exhibited a decreased PB sleep onset relative to sham when PB was administered 1 to 45 min following irradiation; however, no effect was seen by 24 h. The duration of PB‐induced sleep was increased; however MW pretreatment did not affect the duration of hexobarbital‐ or pento‐barbital‐induced sleep. At the time of onset of PB‐induced sleep, PB concentrations in brain of MW‐irradiated and control groups were the same despite a twofold difference in the time to sleep onset between these groups. But, when measured 5 min following PB injection, the PB concentrations in brain were higher in MW‐pretreated mice, suggesting that a dispositional mechanism accounted for the observed MW effects on PB‐induced sleep. Mice heated for 1...


In the dynamic realm of deepfake detection, this work presents an innovative approach to validate video content. The methodology blends advanced 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional Convolutional Neural Networks. The 3D model is uniquely tailored to capture spatiotemporal features via sliding filters, extending through both spatial and temporal dimensions. This configuration enables nuanced pattern recognition in pixel arrangement and temporal evolution across frames. Simultaneously, the 2D model leverages EfficientNet architecture, harnessing auto-scaling in Convolutional Neural Networks. Notably, this ensemble integrates Voting Ensembles and Adaptive Weighted Ensembling. Strategic prioritization of the 3-dimensional model's output capitalizes on its exceptional spatio-temporal feature extraction. Experimental validation underscores the effectiveness of this strategy, showcasing its potential in countering deepfake generation's deceptive practices.


Abstract Findings are reported from a dissertation study examining variations in views towards organizational arrangements for promotion and development of ethnic-sensitive supervision. The sample (N = 323) was drawn from 11 public MHMR organizations. Two hypotheses were confirmed with ethnicity, age, job position, acculturation status, and fluency in Spanish of respondents and supervisors differentiating the sample. This study has implications for practice, research, and replication in settings providing mental health-substance services to Latino and other groups. It calls for decision-makers to examine their organizational arrangements for ethnic-sensitive supervision and use this practice to enhance service access to Latinos and special populations.


Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (vSLAM) is used for mobile robots to perform positioning and mapping tasks in an unknown environment by utilizing camera sensors. However, when mobile robots are moving in a low-texture area, the point-based vSLAM cannot obtain accurate trajectories and maps due to lack of sufficient feature matching. To solve those problems, edge features in the scene can be fused with point features. This paper presents a visual odometry using edge features and point features, which adaptively selects the feature extraction strategy. The proposed approach can be applied to a composite environment which includes both low-texture area and rich-texture area. In feature detection phase, the adaptive strategy detects the richness of image features and selects the appropriate feature extraction method by setting a threshold.


China Mieville's Embassytown explores the nature of language through the warped mirror of an alien Language (capitalized). Human language and Ariekei's Language share a number of properties but the latter does not allow its speakers to express anything contrary to fact. Nor does it allow for "real" thinking, which only emerges when the Ariekei transform from Language-speakers to language-speakers. Being an asemantic, asymbolic, non-signifying, and non-metaphorical system of communication, Language is claimed here to be an example of "anti-language" (in a redefined sense), a perversion of the very essence of natural human language. In an analogous, redefined non-evaluative sense, the Ariekei are "anti-humans," a species lacking the very nature of humanness: free thought.


Anti-theft device fixing fastening a wheel on the hub of a motor vehicle, comprising a threaded portion (10) extending axially, a holding portion (12) intended to be applied against the wheel (4) and a part pull (2, 3) intended to be recessed in a recess (40) of said wheel (4), and which allows transmission to said threaded portion (10) of a torque or loosening by a wrench or the like , performing the coupling of the wrench or the like with said driving portion (2, 3) by concordant traces (35) including, on one hand, said driving portion (2, 3) and, on the other hand, said key or Similarly, constituting the characteristics of shape, dimensions and arrangement of said tracks a code, wherein said driving portion includes, on the one hand, a cylindrical shank (2) extending axially and on the other hand, an insert (3) shaped sleeve including externally said hue llas (35) allowing the engagement of a wrench or the like, and is threaded by force axially in said cylindrical tang (2) to adopt a first position of use, while it can take a second position in which more deeply around said cylindrical shank (2), and that said insert (3) is rotationally connected to said cylindrical tang (2) through friction means (32), said cylindrical tang (2) being and said insert (3) configured so that, in said first position, said friction means (32) are able to allow secure transmission of said torque or loosening while in said second position, said friction means (32) they are unable to allow the transmission of said torque.


Water jet cutting is a novel machining technology. Effective jet cutting requires a highly coherent jet to achieve a perfect surface finish. However, the jet breaks up just in a short distance downstream the nozzle exit. Interfacial shear is considered to have a dominate effect on the jet surface instability and its breakup. This work focuses on the turbulence both in the jet and its ambient air. The Fluent code is employed to simulate the air-water flow inside and outside a jet cutting nozzle. We get insight into the original interfacial turbulence near the nozzle exit. The contribution of the interfacial flow to the jet coherency is analyzed. It is expected the original turbulence can be reduced by changing the shape of nozzle exit. Several nozzles with different configurations in their outlets are tested both experimentally and numerically. Through these work, it is found that the jet is more coherent as the air flow is more consistent with the jet flow in the nozzle tip. The cone-down with modest cone angle in nozzle outlet is an appealing design for creating a fine jet.Copyright © 2011 by ASME


Abstract : The AFA-TES-7 camera described has a focal length of 70 mm and produces a photo of 180 x 180 mm. The article discusses an objective with frame and equalizing glass; ZBS-M speed shutter; quality of aerial film equalization; control panel; thermal insulation of the camera; sensitometric wedge; resolving power, light distribution, and dispersion; and automatic exposure and describes tests of each. (Author)


This study presents a mathematical modeling approach to the planning of HIV therapies on an individual basis. The model replicates clinical data from typical-progressors to AIDS for all stages of the disease with good agreement. Clinical data from rapid-progressors and long-term non-progressors is also matched by estimation of immune system parameters only. The ability of the model to reproduce these phenomena validates the formulation, a fact which is exploited in the investigation of effective therapies. The therapy investigation suggests that, unlike continuous therapy, structured treatment interruptions (STIs) are able to control the increase in both the drug-sensitive and drug-resistant virus population and, hence, prevent the ultimate progression from HIV to AIDS. The optimization results further suggest that even patients characterised by the same progression type can respond very differently to the same treatment and that the latter should be designed on a case-by-case basis. Such a methodology is presented here. Keywords—AIDS, chemotherapy, mathematical modeling, optimal control, progression.


Mechanical properties under static stress of Bi2223 monofilamentary tapes are characterized. The narrow true elastic region (stage I) is followed by the stage II, where a gradual decrease of the slope of stress-strain curve was observed, accompanied by voltage increase. This suggests that a number of microcracks are generated over the whole specimen and a few of them grow in macroscopic scale. The macroscopic yielding and the multiple fracture take place in the oxide layer (stage III). During the fatigue test, the V-I curves were measured at zero load and the n-value was determined. For stage II, the critical current decreased greatly after one cycle and decreased gradually over several hundred cycles, then reached to a non-zero constant value depending on the applied maximum stress. Applying the two phase model, the change of stress level induced in each component has been assessed.


Using an IoT based ordering system, pharmacy, auto service, hotels, and customer care units can be automated. The traditional method opted for ordering items or services is done by pen and paper. This method can be time taking when there are many people in the queue. In situations like a COVID-19 pandemic, these systems can help conduct touchless shopping and social distancing in most of the businesses, including but not limited to pharmacy, restaurants, auto service, and customer care centers. This project, wireless ordering systems for touchless shopping enables users to order products or services remotely from his/her table or queue and send those orders to the concerned based on application and industry. The system consists of two sections, transmitter and receiver section. The transmitter section has the touch screen display, which takes the input from the user, and sends it to the receiver section using an RF transmitter. In the receiver section, data is displayed on the LCD screen. The order taking department can take the order from the LCD display right after the buzzer sounds. Index Terms Automation, Buzzer, IoT, LCD screen, Ordering System.


This study was conducted to assess the current status of mechanization in lime growing activities of farmer households in the Mekong River Delta. The current status of mechanization was assessed through different groups of criteria that reflect the scale of mechanization level, resources of farmers applying mechanization, results, and production efficiency. The level of machine and technology application was assessed by building the mechanization index. With a sample of 555 lime farmer households in Long An and Ben Tre, the results showed that the application of machines and equipment in lime growing activities in the study area was quite limited. Households mainly used machines in two stages including land preparation (42% of households applying mechanization) and tree care (93 %). The growth rate and mechanization investment of the 2016-2019 period were almost unchanged. The estimated results of mechanization index showed that most of lime growers had a very low mechanization application level with an average value of only 0.09. In fact, 2% of the surveyed households do not invest in mechanization in lime production, 89.8% are in the group with very low mechanization level, 3.1% at low mechanization level, only 5.1% at medium mechanization level and no household had high mechanization application level. From the survey results, potential technical solutions for lime farming in the Mekong River Delta were also proposed, including mechanization for small and medium farms and mechanization considerations for plant care. Finally, in order to improve the quality of lime fruit, the semi-mechanization harvesting systems and appropriate storage facility and suitable packaging are highly recommended.


Bacterial infections are one of the major precipitating factors in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Procalcitonin (PCT) is highly specific in identifying bacteria sepsis, but PCT may be elevated in patients who do not have sepsis. Here, we report a 25-year-old patient admitted to the ICU for DKA. Initial laboratory investigation showed elevated PCT of 0.87 ng/ml and reached a concentration of 15.88 ng/ml on the second day of admission. PCT levels trended down to 4.7 ng/ml by the third day of admission. This case report shows PCT levels can be increased in patients with DKA even in the absence of infection and PCT levels decrease with clinical improvement of DKA without administration of antibiotics.


This report summarizes a study of Aspen, Colorado's Tipsy Taxi ride service program. This service, which provides a free ride home for persons who are too intoxicated to drive, has been in place since December 1983. Funded through donations from the community, this program is available 365 days a year, 24 hours per day. The program is distinctive in that it has been operating for over sixteen years and is self-sustaining. An examination of injury crashes as a proxy of alcohol-related crashes revealed a significant reduction associated with implementation of the program. It is argued that a year-round alternative transportation program is an important component of a comprehensive anti-DUI countermeasure program which should also include deterrence components such as public information, enforcement, and sanctioning.


Abstract Purpose To systematically identify, evaluate, and synthesise the qualitative literature on the self-care behaviours, skills, and strategies performed by individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Review methods The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) meta-aggregation method was followed. The search was conducted on five databases and limited to papers published from January 2000 to March 2020. Two independent reviewers screened, extracted the data from, and assessed the methodological quality of selected papers using the JBI qualitative assessment and critical appraisal instrument. Results Eleven qualitative papers were included. Three synthesised findings with a moderate level of confidence emerged from 90 findings: people with SCI perform self-directed or directed-by-other behaviours focused on their physical condition (i); and on their social life (ii); people with SCI perform self-directed behaviours focused on their emotional well-being (iii). Individuals with SCI are aware of their condition and incorporate self-care behaviours into their routine to maintain health and prevent complications. Conclusion This meta-synthesis provides evidence on the self-care behaviours performed by people with SCI to prevent, control, and manage the physical, emotional, and social effects of their condition. These findings may help healthcare providers to understand the self-care process in SCI survivors and tailor educational programmes to their experiences. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION SCI survivors are directly responsible for their health and must reach their maximum level of independence by acquiring self-care behaviours and adjusting them over time. Self-care behaviours must be incorporated into SCI survivors' daily routine to maintain their condition, promote their social participation, and prevent complications. Caregiver contributions to self-care should be given more value, as these are fundamental to maintain SCI survivors' well-being and social participation.


Parents are the best people to have long and interesting conversations with their children. You know your child better than anyone else, which means that you are the most likely to understand what they are saying.


This study found that current asthma was ruled out after repeated testing in one-third of adults with physician-diagnosed asthma. Patients ruled out for current asthma were less likely to be using asthma medications or daily controlling medications and less likely to have undergone testing for airflow limitation at the time of initial diagnosis.


Varied signature splitting phenomena in odd proton rare earth nuclei are investigated. Signature splitting as functions of [ital K] and [ital j] in the angular momentum projection theory is explicitly shown and compared with those of the particle rotor model. The observed deviations from these rules are due to the band mixings. The recently measured [sup 169]Ta high spin data are taken as a typical example where fruitful information about signature effects can be extracted. Six bands, two of which have not yet been observed, were calculated and discussed in detail in this paper. The experimentally unknown band head energies are given.


Variable-energy positron beams were utilized to characterize SiO 2 films grown on Si substrates. For a SiO 2 film grown by wet oxidation, a high formation probability of positronium (Ps) was found by measurements of Doppler broadening profiles of the annihilation radiation and those of lifetime spectra. For the SiO 2 films grown by a chemical vapor deposition technique, the formation probability of Ps was found to decrease. This was attributed to interactions between positrons and -OH bonds and to the trapping of positrons by point defects. In order to know annihilation characteristics of Ps in the SiO 2 films in more detail, a lifetime spectrum for a vitreous silica glass was also measured


Soils formed on glaciofluvial terraces of Rock Creek, southwest of Billings, Mont., yield information on rates of soil development under controlled conditions of parent material, vegetation, and relief. Three chronosequences of soils on seven terraces, which range in age from 7 to 2,000 ka (thousands of years before present), reflect the modern decrease in precipitation with decreasing altitude. Some soil properties indicate paleoclimate and test current models of climate during the last glaciation. The ages and glaciofluvial origin of the terraces, including, from youngest to oldest, the Holocene (nonglacial), Pinedale, Bull Lake, Boyd, Lower Roberts, Upper Roberts, and Mesa terraces, have been established by using several methods. The dating methods include correlation with dated deposits in West Yellowstone, Mont., tephrochronology, streamincision rates, and comparison to the marine oxygenisotope record. The Pinedale and Bull Lake terrace deposits are glaciofluvial because they merge with glacial moraines within the mountains. The Lower Roberts terrace gravel is probably glaciofluvial because it appears to have formed contemporaneously with a pre-Bull Lake till. The glaciofluvial origin of deposits of the Boyd, Upper Roberts, and Mesa terraces is inferred because these gravels resemble in form and thickness those of known glaciofluvial deposits. Soil properties of total texture, pH, and color, expressed on a numeric scale, show statistically significant correlations with age for all the soils studied. The texture, color, and clay films of soils in the wetter environment at the mountain front develop at logarithmic rates. Soils older than 20 ka from the drier basin climate exhibit linear rates of change with time in pH, color, and texture, but the younger soils appear to develop at logarithmic rates. The pH of mountain-front soils decreases over time, whereas that of drier soils increases. Logarithmic rates of development in mountain soils are probably controlled by near-surface weathering processes, whereas linear rates of development in drier soils may be controlled by influx of eolian dust. Evidence of permafrost conditions, periodic dissolution of CaCO 3 in the drier soils, and depths of pedogenic clay demonstrate a substantial increase in available moisture during glaciations, owing primarily to a decrease of evapotranspiration due to lower temperatures. The soils farthest downstream have CaCOg morphology that, assuming a 10 °C decrease in mean annual temperature, suggests a concomitant decrease in actual precipitation. The changing position of the boundary between calcic and noncalcic soils on each terrace may reflect either increasing wetness of recent interglaciations or soil conditions induced by periodic leaching and precipitation of CaCOg near the boundary.


This paper engages the debate between assemblage thinking as an emerging body of critical urban theory and the desire to contain it within a framework of urban political economy. I take critical urban theory to mean the broad intellectual engagement with the ways in which cities and urban spaces are implicated in practices of power. Assemblage thinking moves outside a strict political economy framework and embodies different ontologies of power and place, yet this is not a shift away from criticality. Such thinking connects disparate threads of current urban theory as it opens new modes of multi-scalar and multi-disciplinary research geared to urban design and planning practices and therefore to potentials for urban transformation. To contain emerging assemblage theory under political economy is to neuter it and potentially produce conservative forms of practice. The framework of urban political economy brings enormous explanatory power to our understanding of cities and will develop most effectively if it does not consume its offspring.


Objective To investigate the effects of down-regulating phosphorylated human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2) on the proliferation and metastasis in human osteosarcoma cells(U2-OS) in vitro. Methods Various concentrations of HER2 phosphorylation inhibitor lapatinib ditosylate(5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 μmol/L) were adopted to deal with U2-OS. MTT assay was performed to evaluate the cell proliferation during various times(24, 48 and 72 h), and the IC50 value in 24 h was calculated. The value of 10 μmol/L(IC50 =22.15 μmol/L) was chosen to deal with U2-OS cells. The expression level of phosphorylated HER2(p-HER2) was measured by Western blot assay. The cell migration and invasion abilities were detected by Wound healing and Transwell invasion assays. Results The cell proliferation of U2-OS was significantly inhibited by HER2 phosphorylation inhibitor lapatinib ditosylate in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. During 24 hours, the p-HER2 level was significantly lower in lapatinib ditosylate group than that of negative control group(0.093± 0.033 vs 0.306±0.033), the cell migration rate was significantly lower in lapatinib ditosylate group than that of negative control group(32.70%±3.00% and 94.52%±4.76%), and the trans-membrane cells were significantly lower than those of negative control group(37/HP±5/HP and 85/HP±10/HP), respectively. Conclusion The down-regulating p-HER2 in U2-OS could efficiently inhibit the cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro. HER2 has the potential to become a molecular target for anti-osteosarcoma metastasis.


The 'Statewide Youth Needs Census' (SYNC) was a study aimed at identifying the needs and characteristics of 1,000 young people registered as clients of specialist youth AOD treatment services in Victoria in 2013. The study was conducted by YSAS in partnership with Turning Point and Victorian youth alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatment services. This report contains a descriptive analysis of the SYNC results and key findings as well as a review of the relevant research.


A new method of designing totally self-checking (TSC) 1-out-of-n and (n—l)-out-of-n code checkers is presented. This method is well suited to VLSI MOS implementation, as it satisfies the current technological constraints. The checkers designed according to the proposed method compare favourably with the corresponding checkers which are already known from the literature because they combine the advantages of low cost and a small number of MOS transistor levels.


Aims:  To study the metabolic profile of Pseudomonas rhodesiae and Pseudomonas fluorescens in water–organic solvent systems using terpene substrates for both growth and biotransformation processes and to determine the aerobic or anaerobic status of these degradation pathways.


Objective
To explore the changes in plasma nitric oxide(NO) and nitric oxide synthase(NOS) activity in children with orthostatic hypertension(OHT) and the relationship with blood pressure changes.

Methods
The OHT group included 51 children who were diagnosed OHT in in-patient and out-patient departments of Peking University First Hospital from Jun.2012 to Jun.2013.Their age range was(12±2) years.At the same time, control group consisted of 28 normal children who received physical examination with their age range of(12±1) years.The diagnosis of OHT was based on the clinical manifestation and head-up tests.Plasma NO was determined by using a nitrate reductase method and plasma NOS activity by a chemical colorimetric method.

Results
1.There were no signifi-cant differences between OHT group and control group in age, sex ratio, height, weight and body mass index(all P>0.05).2.In OHT children, the upright systolic blood pressure was higher than that of the supine [(114±10) mmHg vs(104±9) mmHg, t=-12.853, P<0.001], and the upright diastolic blood pressure was higher than that of the supine[(73±7) mmHg vs(59±8) mmHg, t=-21.859, P<0.001].3.Plasma NO level and NOS activity, however, were significantly lower in OHT group than those in the control group [NO: (28.947±6.031) μmol/L vs(35.216±6.662) μmol/L, t=4.257, P<0.001; NOS activity: (14.753±3.060) U/mL vs(17.560±4.253) U/mL, t=3.026, P=0.006].4.There was significantly negative correlation between plasma NO and the upright systolic blood pressure(r=-0.276, P<0.05) and the systolic blood pressure change(r=-0.280, P<0.05).

Conclusions
Plasma NO level and NOS activity were significantly lower in OHT children than those in control group.The abnormal vascular endothelial function may play an important role in OHT in children.

Key words:
Orthostatic hypertension; Nitric oxide; Nitric oxide synthase; Child


Spectroscopic data have been used to calculate the free energy, entropy and heat capacity of diatomic HF between 298.1° and 2000°K. The required spectrum of F2 is not known but from electron diffraction data and Badger's rule, enough information has been obtained to make similar calculations to the harmonic oscillator—rigid rotator approximation. The errors in the thermodynamic quantities due to the uncertainties in the vibrational frequency and moment of inertia have been estimated. Combination of these results with thermal data has resulted in values of the free energy change of the reactions: 1/2H2+1/2F2⇌HF and F2⇌2F.


lasts about 4–6 months. Our second largest hospital in Ghana, in Kumasi, is able to request some of this LMWH from us in Accra as needed. We reserve the Liverpool LMWH for patients who cannot afford to pay for it themselves; usually they are on long-term anticoagulation. In our hospital pharmacy 80 mg clexane costs 63 Ghana cedis (£8.60) and 10 000 units of fragmin costs 74 cedis (£10.10). To cover the shipping costs, we ask patients to make a donation of approximately 20 cedis (£2.70) for the LMWH but those who cannot afford anything are given it for free. The scheme was approved during our haematology departmental meetings, and the hospital Medical Director and the Dean of the Medical School were also informed. Ghana's COVID-19 caseload is on an upward trajectory. We have not yet seen a surge in demand for LMWH and, for now, we have enough left for our routine use.


The spatial oligopoly model has been proposed as a method of explaining behavior in food markets, particularly in response to retail food price reporting systems. This paper presents an analysis of the effects of price reporting in experimental spatial duopoly markets with controlled buyer behavior. The experiments are designed to evaluate the impact of a changed information flow on the price decisions of oligopolistic sellers. The short-run theoretical predictions of the spatial model are largely consistent with experimental market results. Thus, the spatial oligopoly model is not rejected as an explanation of seller response to changed price information Rows.

Le modele oligopolistique spatial a deja ete propose pour expliquer le comportement des marches alimentaires, tel que determine en particulier par les systemes d'inforrnation sur les prix au detail des aliments. Nous presentons une analyse des effets du systeme d'information sur les prix dans des marches duopolistiques spatiaux expermentaux dans lesquels le comportement des acheteurs est controle. Ces experiences sont conpes pour evaluer I'incidence d'un changement dans la transmission des informations sur les decisions des vendeurs oligopolistiques concernant les prix. Les previsions theoriques a court terme du modele spatial sont largement en accord avec les rksultats experimentaux. Ainsi, le modele oligopolistique spatial peut he retenu pour expliquer la reaction des vendeurs e des chan-gements sumenus dans la transmission des informations sur les prix.


PURPOSE: To improve resistance to the reduction of resolving power and the vanishment of an image by forming an electric charge transferring layer contg. a film forming binder, 1st and 2nd arom. diamines represented by specified formulae. CONSTITUTION: When an electric charge generating layer and an electric charge transferring layer are laminated to produce an image forming member, the electric charge transferring layer is composed of a film forming binder, a 1st arom. diamine represented by formula I and a 2nd arom. diamine represented by formula II. In the formula I, X is 1-4C alkyl or Cl. In the formula II, R 1 is alkyl or alkoxy, R 2 is H, alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, alkoxycarbonyl or substd. amino and R 3 is alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, alkoxycarbonyl or substd. amino. An image forming member having improved crystallization resistance is obtd. COPYRIGHT: (C)1991,JPO


Abstract The solubility of CO2 in hydrous basaltic andesite was examined in fO2-controlled experiments at a temperature of 1125 °C and pressures between 310–1200 MPa. Concentrations of dissolved H2O and CO2 in experimental glasses were determined by ion microprobe calibrated on a subset of run glasses analyzed by high-temperature vacuum manometry. Assuming that the solubility of H2O in mafic melt is relatively well known, estimates ofXH2Ofluid and  PH2Ofluid$X_{{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{O}}^{\text{fluid}}\ \text{and}\,\,\text{P}_{{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{O}}^{\text{fluid}}$ in the saturating fluid were modeled, and by difference, values for XCO2fluid and  PCO2fluid$X_{\text{C}{{\text{O}}_{2}}}^{\text{fluid}}\ \text{and}\,\,\text{P}_{\text{C}{{\text{O}}_{2}}}^{\text{fluid}}$were obtained (XCO2 ~0.5–0.9); fCO2 could be then calculated from the fluid composition, temperature, and pressure. Dissolved H2O over a range of 2.3–5.5 wt% had no unequivocal influence on the dissolution of CO2 at the pressures and fluid compositions examined. For these H2O concentrations, dissolved CO2 increases with fCO2 following an empirical power-law relation: dissolved CO2 (ppmw) = 14.9−3.5+4.5fCO2 $14.9_{-3.5}^{+4.5}\left[f_{\mathrm{CO}_{2}}\right.$(MPa)]0.7±0.03. The highest-pressure results plot farthest from this equation but are within its 1 standard-error uncertainty envelope. We compare our experimental data with three recent CO2-H2O solubility models: Papale et al. (2006); Iacono-Marziano et al. (2012); and Ghiorso and Gualda (2015). The Papale et al. (2006) and Iacono-Marizano et al. (2012) models give similar results, both over-predicting the solubility of CO2 in a melt of the Pavlof basaltic andesite composition across the fCO2 range, whereas the Ghiorso and Gualda (2015) model under-predicts CO2 solubility. All three solubility models would indicate a strong enhancement of CO2 solubility with increasing dissolved H2O not apparent in our results. We also examine our results in the context of previous high-pressure CO2 solubility experiments on basaltic melts. Dissolved CO2 correlates positively with mole fraction (Na+K+Ca)/Al across a compositional spectrum of trachybasalt-alkali basalt-tholeiite-icelandite-basaltic andesite. Shortcomings of current solubility models for a widespread arc magma type indicate that our understanding of degassing in the deep crust and uppermost mantle remains semi-quantitative. Experimental studies systematically varying concentrations of melt components (Mg, Ca, Na, K, Al, Si) may be necessary to identify solubility reactions, quantify their equilibrium constants, and thereby build an accurate and generally applicable solubility model.


Abstract The SEM of starch from five EAHB cultivars showed a mixture of irregular granule shapes with smooth surfaces. The starches' average diameter size ranged between 16.31 and 21.98 μm. The moisture, protein, and ash content of the starches were: 11.12%–11.84%, 0.1% and 0.23%–0.47% respectively. The amylose content of these starches was between 11% and 13%. The starches peak viscosity ranged between 488.42 and 558.66 RVU. The EAHB starches exhibited relatively low pasting temperatures (<75°C), a high peak viscosity (488.42–558.71 RVU), high level of viscosity breakdown (235.00–311.92 RVU) and low set‐back values (61.21–104.33 RVU). In general, the EAHB starches' WHCs and SPs increased substantially at 80°C with maximum SP (12.43–14.27 g water/g starch) and solubility (12.52%–14.19%) values obtained at 90°C. The starch clarity ranged from 1.7% to 2.3% and followed the same pattern. The starches exhibited poor freeze‐thaw stability as they had high syneresis (68% to 72%) after 10 freeze‐thaw cycles.


In this paper, a numerical model to improve the pressure sensitivity of sensor has been proposed. We determine how the temperature effect the pressure sensitivity in this sensor types during the applying a supply voltage. In addition, the evolution of sensor sensitivity has been calculated as function of supply voltage, as well as, for various times, for some geometrical parameters of the sensor. It has been observed that the sensitivity is greatly affected by the rise in the supply voltage, mainly when the sensor is operated in the prolonged time. Finally, this work allows us to evaluate the reliability of sensors. Also, it permits to predict their behavior against temperature due to the application of a voltage of a bridge and to minimize this effect by optimizing the geometrical parameters of the sensor and by reducing the supply voltage.


Pipettes need to be regularly calibrated - but how and where can this be done most efficiently? Do you give them to an external company and manage to do without the pipettes for a few days? Or do you give them to in-house researchers and waste time on doing it? There is a simple solution: install an in-house software/hardware solution with which you can do it quickly and simply yourself. We would like to introduce this to you.


The design and construction is described of the new Danziger Bridge across the Industrial Canal in New Orleans, Louisiana. It has a 320-ft vertical lift steel box girder span over the navigation channel with 150-feet high steel towers at each end. The bridge is 3,270 feet long abutment to abutment. The new bridge carries 3 lanes with shoulders in each direction with opposing traffic separated by a median barrier. The lift span of the bridge is so designed that the passage is visible without the nagging overhead clutter of a truss bridge, and the operator commands an unobstructed view of the whole structure. The lift span was shop-fabricated in 3 sections both longitudinally and transversely and shop-assembled. Other details of the installation are briefly summarized.


Because our modern world system emerged within world-wide contexts, we must consider how founding relationships that established it reflect global interconnectedness of their own era. Douglas Sturm has written, "History is a process of new formations. What we are and what we shall become are not givens. They are results of many relations in which we are engaged and whose character we affect, in however small a degree, by the manner of our participation." Too often this relational perspective has been ignored in propounding origins and fundamental relationships of our modern world. For over five hundred years, for example, Eurocentrism has betrayed indebtedness to Renaissance hubris. Further, contemporary memories of our relational past are laced with policies and perspectives of forebears who constituted nation states. These processes entailed "inventing traditions" post facto, while also vesting collective memories with [hi]stories on behalf of national dignity and imperial stature. Even as false memories have been used for socializing children into citizens, and for motivating troops and voters, they also render indispensable historical understandings problematical. Sometimes there are hints of such fabrications in paradoxical impressions. Edward Lucie-Smith muses: "Granted that piracy is really no more than robbery at sea, how did the crime come to acquire the aura of sinister glamour that still clings to it, an aura which sets the pirate apart from other and more commonplace malefactors?" Piracy's "aura of sinister glamour" is not confined to tropes like Blackbeard, the Jolly Roger, or Long John Silver. "Piracy" has clouded Asian history and rationalized European incursions, at least since the Portuguese captured the fabulous port city of Melaka in 1511.


Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the validity Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular joint Disorder (DC/TMD) in the diagnosis of disc displacement (DD) disorders of temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Study Design: It was a prospective study in which total of 55 patients accounting to 110 TMJ; with clinical diagnosis of DD disorder as per DC/TMD criteria and all above age of 18 years were included. All the patients with clinical diagnosis of DD disorder were advised MRI. All the MRI scans were read by single radiologist. Clinician and Radiologist were blinded to each others findings. MRI diagnosis and clinical diagnosis were compared and results were formulated. Results: The use of the Kappa statistic test indicated a good diagnostic agreement (k = 0.68) between the clinician and the radiologist. The DC/TMD criterion was found to have good validity and reliability in the diagnosis of DD disorders with sensitivity of 91.57% and specificity of 77.78%. The positive predictive value and negative predicted value calculated were 92.68% and 78%, respectively. The positive and negative likelihood ratio found was 4.12 and 0.11, respectively. Conclusion: DC/TMD is a simple, reliable, valid, cost-effective tool in the diagnosis of DD disorders.


Embodiments disclosed herein, a pair of openings are formed in a semiconductor material, such openings include methods that are spaced apart from one another by segments of the semiconductor material. And the liner are formed along the sidewalls of the opening, and then by etching the semiconductor material isotropically from the bottom surface of the opening that merges the opening and completely undercutting the segment of the semiconductor material thereby. Embodiments disclosed herein may be used to form the SOI structure, it may also be used to form the field effect transistor is a transistor having a gate surrounding the channel region as a whole. Examples disclosed herein are also surrounds the channel region comprises a structure of the semiconductor structure, and an insulating material is separated from the lower to the upper semiconductor material a semiconductor material. Semiconductor devices, SOI (silicon-on-insulator), the liner (liner), the field-effect transistor


Enhancing collaboration has been highlighted as a marker for future success in maternity care, although this suggestion comes with little methodological guidance. This study assessed the efficacy of a collaborative partnership between obstetric doctors and midwives providing Midwifery Group Practice (MGP) care.


In this paper, we consider the inverse problem of reconstructing coated inclusions from overdetermined boundary data. In a first part, a shape identifiability result from a Cauchy data is presented, i.e. with Neumann and Dirichlet boundary as measurements. Then the inverse geometric problem is reduced into a minimzation of a cost-type functional: energy gap tracking functional. Since the boundary conditions are known, the variable of the functional is the shape of the coated inclusions. The shape sensitivity analysis is rigorously performed by means of a Lagrangian formulation coupled with paramatrization of the shape. Thus we explicit the gradient of the functional by computing the derivative with respect to the missing shape. The optimization problem is numerically solved by means of gradient-based shape strategy then numerical illustrations are presented.


Travelling across Spanish roads and ways has been difficult throughout our history, because our country orography, and water erosion caused by our stormy weather. Many evidences of that are found in historic itineraries, ancient repertoires of routes, or journeys books, and treatises about Spanish roads. Deficient state of roadway network has played an important part in our socioeconomic progress. Even today, resources for road erosion control are limited.