Genomics and ecology is becoming a popular combination. New variants of "omics" seem to be invented on a daily basis; older variants of omics are reused for different fields and described differently. Altogether it becomes increasingly difficult for people from other research disciplines and – especially – from outside the scientific community to make sense of genomics research, or to identify the findings relevant for their own profession, for instance in environmental management or decision making. In this article, we provide a framework for positioning the different omics studies related to ecology – which we will label "ecogenomics". Furthermore, we give an overview of important articles that have shaped ecogenomics research and provide our readers with examples of ecogenomics promises for society.


As SID—and display technology—march into a new decade, the society's historian is asking members to help grow a first‐of‐its‐kind museum that shows just how far the field has come.


Pepper weevil ( Anthonomus eugenii Canol management based on insecticide action thresholds that use presence of adult weevils on exposed terminal buds was compared with weekly applications of insecticide in bell peppers ( Capsicum annum L.). Results indicated that a previously established action threshold of one pepper weevil adult per 100 terminal fruiting buds in a low-input pepper production system was insufficient to prevent significant yield loss in high-input, high-yielding bell pepper. Action threshold values were not affected significantly by temporal variation in the number of pepper weevil adults observed on exposed terminal buds during the day, but were affected by the type of insecticide used. The more conservative action threshold of one pepper weevil adult per 400 terminal buds (at two buds per plant) provided adequate control of pepper weevil in a commercial setting and saved 12 applications of permethrin.


The aim of this paper is to introduce and apply a new multivariate modulus of smoothness in Orlicz spaces, which generalizes the one for single variable in a natural way. The equivalent relationship between the modulus and some K-functional is shown by using an induction argument and a decomposition technique. As an application for the modulus, an inverse theorem of approximation on the multivariate Durrmeyer operators in Rd is given.


In the wake of the implementation of the Affordable Care Act, more than 30 million previously uninsured Americans will gain access to health care. Some of these individuals may never have interfaced with the behavioral health system. In response to an increasing need for behavioral health services, improved outcomes, and cost containment, there is a growing shift from independent behavioral health and primary care practices to collaborative care practice models. These new models have psychiatrists working with primary care providers (PCPs) and behavioral health providers (BHPs, typically social workers or psychologists) using a systematic approach to concurrently treat behavioral health and physical health conditions. By following this approach it allows the extension of psychiatric expertise to more patients.From early studies in the 1990's to improve the detection and treatment of depression in elderly patients in primary care settings, to more recent work on outcomes in the management of depression in ...


This line of reasoning points to the conclusion that the size of the undigested fiber pool is related to dry matter digestibility which is in turn related to DMI. The convention of a subscript "u" is used to denote pool size whereas the capital "D" in Merten's paper is used to denote digestibility as a percent of NDF. Empirically, across a similar range of NDF content, NDFD will be related to dry matter digestibility. For some time, the dairy industry became focused on NDFD (Oba and Allan, 1999). However, across forages, NDFD was a poor predictor of DMI since it did not account for pool size. In late 2013, Cumberland Valley Analytical Services began reporting NDFu which is the percent of dry matter that is undigested fiber.


Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of transdermal fentanyl in treatment of cancer pain. Methods: From Jun.1999 to Oct. 2000, 46 cases with cancer pain were treated with transdermal fentanyl. Skin pad of 2.5~5mg was used and continued for 72 hours. Result: The total respons rate was 91.3% with highy effective rate 39.1% and effective rate 52.2%. The main aversive side effects were constipation, nausea and sleepiness. Conclusion: Transdermal fentanyl can reduce pain effectively and the aversive side effects are slight.


The half-life of the 1897.2-keV, 3[sub 1][sup [minus]] state in [sup 96]Zr has been measured as (67.8[plus minus]4.3) ps using the recoil-distance technique following inelastic excitation by 105-MeV [sup 32]S ions. This is equivalent to a lifetime which is about 40% longer than those reported from two recent centroid-shift measurements. Our lifetime implies [ital B]([ital E]3)[up arrow]=(0.180[plus minus]0.018) [ital e][sup 2]b[sup 3], i.e., (47.1[plus minus]4.7) W.u., which is the most enhanced one-phonon g.s.[r arrow]3[sub 1][sup [minus]] transition strength observed in nuclei. A recent quasiparticle random-phase approximation (QRPA) calculation reproduces our result. Serious doubts are raised about an earlier conclusion that the reduced octupole transition probabilities of mirror'' nuclei correspond to the harmonic low for small amplitude vibrations. The enhanced [ital B]([ital E]1:3[sub 1][sup [minus]][r arrow]2[sub 1][sup +])=(1.71[plus minus]0.11) 10[sup [minus]5] [ital e2]b deduced from the present work is consistent with appreciable octupole deformation. The measured [ital B]([ital E]3)[up arrow] resolves problems in the interpretation of the isospin character of the [ital E]3 transition derived from inelastic scattering data.


The mesopic photometry has been a topic of concern in the international lighting community,and mesopic photometry system based on visual performance is recommended in CIE 191:2010 technical report.In this paper,the background,experimental conditions,characteristics and applicability of USP,MOVE,MES1 and MES2 system are discussed.By theoretical analysis and measurement of light sources with different S/P,it was found that the USP system possesses the highest accuracy in lower luminance of mesopic region,while MES2 system the highest accuracy in higher luminance,so appropriate system should be selected according to specific visual task.When mesopic luminance is determined iteratively,the adaptation coefficient may be negative and should be set to 0.In addition,lamps with a relatively high output in the short wavelength region result in higher luminous efficacy in the mesopic region as compared with lamps with relatively high output in the long wavelength,so evaluating mesopic lighting with photopic system will lead to incorrect results.


With the list of traditional villages are constantly updated, more and more traditional village has attracted attention from society. But there are still a huge numbers of the Atypical Ancient Villages, which not on the "Traditional Village List", have not been well protected as they should be. It results in more and more depopulation and empty houses due to there are lack of enough protection and sufficient funds. Under those circumstances, the hollowization of these villages is becoming an increasingly serious problem. In fact, the empty village houses (including abandoned dwellings and empty architectural heritages) do not only waste land resources but also bring on many other problems such as safety hazard. Therefore, this article aims to takes HuanghuaPing Village as an example, to analyze the hollowing of Atypical Ancient Villages, and compares them with "empty house" problems in Japan. By learning from the research on Shodo-shima Horiuke area in Japan, we adopted the phases of proposal in HuanghuaPing Village design workshop, in order to explore a different activated solution for Atypical Ancient Villages. With the intervention of the new residents or visitors, and the structure network formed by the Aboriginal and the empty house as the main body, different activities will be implanted from the four stages of "spot problem" - "suggestion" - "implementation" - "feedback" to form a virtuous cycle to activate the village's vitality, and to regenerate the Atypical Ancient Villages.


: This research discusses the Referral specified in the name knowledge by (al). And their differences when the grammarians and the owners of rhetoric. It has been a team of them who see the specific referral in the knowledge is specific in external reality. And another team, sees it divided into two sections: a specific section in fact, and an unspecified section, but it is specific in mind. Then, depending on the differences of these concepts, the sections of knowledge differed by (al). Then the research entered into an important issue, which is when the name knowledge by (al) is Self-name or adjective name. Because the entry by (al) on the noun self alone or attributes alone is different from entering them together. This research has endeavored to simplify access to these issues using descriptive methods and easy examples.


There is a constantly expanding body of knowledge concerning psycho-neuro-immunological interconnections. The purpose of the present work was to investigate whether β-endorphin affects the immune response, in particular, at two stages of the phagocytotic process in macrophages: the ingestion and the oxigen-dependent microbicidal capacity. Macrophages were isolated from the peritoneal cavity of BALB/c mice and incubated for 30 min at 37°C in vitro with 0.22, 0.5 or 2200 ng/ml of β-endorphin. Latex beads were used as the inert particles to be phagocytosed by the macrophages, counting under optical microscopy the number of particles ingested. The oxygen-dependent microbicidal capacity of the macrophages was evaluated via superoxide anion (O 2- ) production assayed by means of the nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction test. The results indicated that β-endorphin at the concentration of 0.5 ng/ml augmented inert particle phagocytosis by increasing the number of macrophages with phagocytic capacity. No changes were observed in macrophage superoxide anion production in the presence of the hormone after the ingestion of the inert particles. These results indicate that β-endorphin may modulate the non-specific immune response by enhancing macrophage activity at a determined stage of the phagocytic process.


Covid 19 forced lecturers and students to accept that inspirational and beneficial teaching and learning does not necessarily rest within the four walls of a lecture hall. When higher education institutions had to transition rapidly from face-to-face to online education, social media platforms became a powerful catalyst for effective teaching and learning. Undoubtedly social media platforms have influenced our lives in an unprecedented manner. It has also altered the teaching and learning landscape by taking on an innovative role in online education. This investigation explored students' experiences of learning module content via TikTok. TikTok was adopted as a teaching tool because it is considered an appealing social media platform for Gen Z users, with its central attraction being short video content. This investigation primarily relied on Bandura's social learning theory as the theoretical lens applied to the data as it points to the importance of an individual's self-regulation and the external situation in terms of learning. It also offers an alternative view of social learning by seeing it as situated in communities of practice. Through a qualitative inquiry, teacher education students' reflections on being taught using TikTok were gathered. Evidence from the survey administered to 80 students strongly suggests that TikTok offered an efficient, fun, and exciting way of gaining unlimited access to learning content. It also enhances retention and creativity, making it a suitable 21st-century teaching strategy that promotes self-directed learning. It is a perfectly suited social media platform for a generation that prefers to consume content via rich video formats that act as confidence boosters. Hence making it an innovative teaching tool that encourages a new form of social learning.


The authors report a case of a woman with chronic schizophrenia who developed anorexia nervosa in middle age. The reported rarity of this diagnostic combination and the need to be aware of treatment issues in all patients with coexisting psychoses and eating disorder symptoms are discussed.


With the industrial development by modularization and industrial chain by refinement,industrial transfer in the fourth international wave showed the experience and tendency of industrial transfer by clusters,under the influence of worldwide industrial structure adjustment.This paper expounded the contents and causes for the transfer of industrial clusters,and analyzed the characteristics of the 4 waves for international industrial transfer,as well as the regularity of clustery transfer.Based on the analysis of courses and characteristics for China's international industrial transfer,it can be considered that the occurrence and development of China's regional industrial transfer already have well industrial support and institutional environment,moreover,the transfer of industrial clusters will be the future trend of China's regional industrial transfer mode.


The development of heuristics techniques has emerged over the years to address complex decision-making process in the various fields of social sciences. With many advantages of heuristics, there are few disadvantages also, which should be carefully handled to arrive at the decision or solution. The researchers have put enormous effort to develop heuristics model integrating with the nature-inspired algorithm. Development of heuristics has made it easy to formulate and to solve various complex real-life problems including some of the well-known supply-chain problems. Due to change in the business environment, the activities related to procuring raw material and delivery of finished goods are tied cohesively. As a result, now job-shop scheduling is not a discrete supply-chain problem. It is linked with inventory of raw materials, inventory of finished products and just-in-time delivery of goods through right channels. Another crucial aspect of supply-chain domain is to build integrated and effective logistics system which is popularly known as vehicle routing problem


This essay provides a close contextual analysis of Elizabeth I's visits to Cambridge in 1564 and Oxford in 1566. Getting beyond traditional disciplinary boundaries, it reconstructs the polemical pitches of all manner of scholarly exercises—plays, sermons, orations, and academic disputations. At the forefront of national politics, religion and the succession dominated the two royal visits, their often‐provocative treatment revealing tensions within the universities and the Elizabethan regime. In 1566, Oxford made a more reformed and orthodox showing than Cambridge two years earlier, even though Cambridge, fount of the evangelical movement, had less distance to travel. Both visits illustrate the degree to which the councillors and courtiers hoped to use the suasive powers of the universities to manage the young Queen and her policies. Yet far from a scene of one‐way traffic in advice dispensation, such occasions also helped forge closer links between the country's political, clerical, and intellectual elites. [P.K.]


Zeka et al. [2003] recently considered the role of underlying ventilatory obstruction (as measured by spirometry) in predicting short term airflow obstruction resulting in from inhalation of metal working fluid aerosols. The authors found no clear relationship between acute responses and pre-existing ventilatory obstruction, in contrast to findings from an earlier study [Robins et al., 1997].


Currently, the proportion of standard chemotherapy for elderly patients is much lower than that for young patients, with little evidence from clinical trials supporting the use of chemotherapy for elderly patients. The effectiveness of chemotherapy for the elderly suffering from breast cancer remains to be further verified.


This article examines the complex and contradictory patterns of representation used by the media in reports of Cherie Booth/Blair, wife of current British Prime Minister, Tony Blair. As a subject of media attention, she is particularly interesting for she acts as a focus for a range of identities that juxtapose stereotypes of women related to their roles in both the domestic and public domains (a celebrity wife, a successful barrister and an icon for `working mothers'). The data sample considered here consists of 130 British press reports which are analysed using lexicogrammatical tools from critical linguistics, specifically concentrating on naming practices and transitivity choices. This is complemented by a corpus-based approach which traces collocational patterns, especially those related to the phrase `working mother'. Both the naming patterns used and the contrast between the personalized profile of Booth and the collectivized stereotype of the `working mother' are understood as examples of `textual heterogeneity' and so evidence of social change. Moreover, these representations are also seen as operating within that social change to both reflect and potentially reinforce the gendered inequality presupposed by the ideological model of separate spheres.


Background: Peripheral artery disease is a type of cardiovascular disease which belongs to vascular system disease and ranked the second most common non transmissible disease that cause death in the Philippines. The ankle brachial index (ABI) constitutes simple, non-invasive, cost-effective method for the early detection of peripheral artery disease (PAD) which complements assessment of cardiovascular risk.Objective: The study aims to determine who are at risk of peripheral artery disease among the Geriatrics and Policemen in Iligan City.Methods: It utilized descriptive-correlational-comparative research design and purposive sampling method. The data were gathered among 40 respondents: 20 Geriatrics and 20 policemen from Camp Tomas Cabili in Iligan City with the use of modified standardize questionnaire from Southern California Health Specialist Peripheral Artery Disease Patient Questionnaire.Results: Results showed majority (50%) of respondents were 50 years old and above; most (65%) were male. Pearson Correlational Coefficient shows that, among the demographic profile of the respondents, only age and lifestyle (diet and exercise) had a significant relationship with their degree of suspicion of having PAD. On the other hand, there was no significant relationship between gender, history of heredo-familial diseases, smoking, alcohol drinking habits, and the respondent's degree of suspicion of having PAD. The result contradicts the nursing maxim that smoking is the most important risk factor for PAD; as in this case, even if most of the respondents were non-smokers and non-alcoholics, their poor diet and exercise alone increased their risk or degree of suspicion of having PAD.Conclusion: While age is beyond the control of the respondents, there is much that they could do to improve their lifestyle (diet and exercise) to lessen their risks for PAD. An institutional cafeteria serving nutritious food and exercise gyms could greatly benefit both the geriatrics and the policemen.


We theoretically introduce and experimentally demonstrate a new approach to generate high-quality, high repetition-rate pulse trains. This method is based on a temporal sinusoidal phase modulation combined with a triangular spectral phase shaping. Experimental results validate the concept at repetition rates of 10 and 20 GHz.


Mathematica is used to develops a method of obtaining continuous MaxEnt distributions using the Lagrange Multiplier method that works directly in the discrete case. The continuous PDF (probability density function) is described by list of coordinates of the form {{abs1, ord1}, {abs2, ord2}, ⋯ , {absn, ordn}}, where the abscissae absi are specified numerically so as to define the domain of the PDF, and the ordinates ordi are initially general symbolic variables that are assigned numeric values via the procedure to be described. In all the applications given here, n = 51. A set of Lagrange Multiplier equations is solved for the ordi, making use of the fact that the Mathematica function Interpolation[], which constructs interpolationFunction objects normally used for numeric data and for describing numerical solutions to differential equations, can operate on "semi‐symbolic" data.


In the past, several latent structure models have been proposed for handling problems associated with measuring the achievement of examinees. Typically, however, these models describe a specific examinee in terms of an item domain or they describe a few items in terms of a population of examinees. In this paper, a model is proposed which allows a population of examinees to be described in terms of an item domain. As is illustrated, the model yields a new formula score which allows guessing to vary over the population of examinees.


Much has been reported regarding the decline of the U.S. wood furniture manufacturing industry. One segment that seems to be maintaining its competitiveness is the Amish-made furniture sector. The Amish traditionally have undertaken agriculture-related occupations (Stinner et al. 1989); however, as farmland has become increasingly scarce and expensive, and as the Amish population has grown, more are seeking opportunities in nonfarming occupations such as manufacturing (Lowery and Noble 2000, Amish.Net n.d. b). Amish-made furniture is an example of an emerging manufacturing sector, but like many Amish industries, one for which a dearth of information is available.


Compound mutations and homozygous loss of function of the parkin gene causes juvenile and early onset, autosomal recessive parkinsonism. Pathologically, the disease is associated with loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and locus ceruleus, usually without Lewy body pathology. Hemizygous families have been described that may harbor mutations outside of the open reading frame. The parkin gene promoter has yet to be characterized, and therein, mutations in hemizygous families may plausibly be identi®ed. To identify the promoter of the parkin gene, the transcription start site was de®ned by a combination of primer extension and 5 0 RACE. Five kilobases of DNA 5 0 to the parkin start codon were directly sequenced from a BAC containing parkin exon 1 and evaluated for promoter motifs. The parkin promoter lacks TATA or CAAT boxes and appears to share homology to the a-synuclein promoter. Deletion constructs demonstrated core promoter activity and tissue speci®c enhancing regions in HEK-293T and SH-SY5Y cells.


We describe three patients who developed severe pulmonary hemorrhage following administration of tirofiban (one patient) and abciximab (two patients). Pulmonary hemorrhage associated with abciximab use has been described, but to the best of our knowledge there has been no previous reports of this complication with tirofiban. Cathet. Cardiovasc. Intervent. 49:181–184, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


BRANIGAN, N. P., 1987: The role of shearing in the Proterozoic development of the Åland archipelago, S.W. Finland. Bull. Geol. Soc. Finland 59, Part 2, 117—128. tion of a regional tectonochronology. Folds with E—W axial traces and associated shear zones which are characteristic of the southern Finland migmatite belt (1800 Ma) were refolded during a late phase of NW—SE shearing. The resulting folds have a N—S or NW—SE axial trace and plunge parallel to lineations developed within the shear zones, i.e. 40—60 to the south or south east. Shearing ceased for a period in which early-postorogenic ring complexes (c. 1815 Ma) were emplaced at high crustal levels. A subsequent succession of conjugate shears, with N—S or NW—SE sinistral and NE—SW dextral displacement, tightened large fold profiles and affected the early-postorogenic intrusions, with the development of mylonites and ultramylonites. A change from a compressional to a tensile stress regime initiated normal faulting parallel to the NW—SE shears permitting the emplacement of the voluminous rapakivi massifs at or near the surface (c. 1500 Ma). The graben which developed were infilled by Jotnian (1300—1200 Ma) sediments. The major NW— SE shear zone, which may extend across Sweden and into Estonia, overprints the southern Finland migmatite belt and has controlled the tectonic development and magmatic activity of the Åland area for some 600 million years.


Image denoise is a very important problem in image quality enhancement.For the image noises are different from each other,it is difficult to select one best denoise algorithm for all images which are degraded by different kinds of noises.In the paper,a novel algorithm based on wavelet transform and structure self-similarity was introduced,which is effective to confine the random noise.Beside the properties of time frequency localization and multi-resolution of wavelets,the self-similarity of image were used.It first separated the image into several blocks equally based on the self-similarity.And then,wavelet transform coefficients were used to enhance edge information.At the same time,image noises were confined.Experiment results show the excellent effect of the algorithm.


In recent years, several works have been accomplished in order to analyze the spectral response of coffee crop fields cultivated in full sun. However, the number of papers related to the monitoring of shaded coffee systems is reduced although this kind of cultivation is very important from the perspective of climate change and agriculture. In addition, the biomass of coffee systems can store carbon, which is a mitigation action. In this context, this paper presents the assessment of the meteorological variation joined with the biomass increase in three different coffee plantation systems: full sun, shaded coffee associated with legumes (SAF), and shaded coffee with Macadamia trees. We used Landsat-5 images from 2004 to 2010, and the NDVI and SAVI indexes. LAI index measured in the test area during all 2009 year. The results showed that the shaded coffee systems presented the NDVI and SAVI indexes with higher values than those found with the system of planting in full sun what corroborates the idea of greater amount of biomass in this type of planting. All indexes present the seasonal rain variation. One month after a large period of drought the indexes NDVI, SAVI and LAI decrease. The NDVI and SAVI indexes presented high correlation with the measured LAI. The shaded coffee system and the full sun coffee reached high vegetation indexes what indicate a high concentration of biomass. This factor should be considered in the decision making process since is important to take advantage of cultivation systems acting as carbon sinks.


Education systems in much of the industrialised world have undergone radical changes in the past decade. Changes to curriculum that have been occurring throughout the education systems in many countries have marked similarities, including the move towards an outcome-based model and the attempt to implement standardised assessment procedures as part of an accountability process. There has been criticism not only of the educational value of the changes but also of the problematic area of assessment this type of model demands. In a recent cross-national study educators indicated that they were not confident of the assessment requirements or with the appropriateness of some of the assessment proposals to meet the needs of music education. This paper outlines some of the concerns about outcomes-based education and its adequacy to promote and support the notion of creativity. It examines issues such as the right to assess another's creative efforts and the means by which we attempt to do so.


Symmetrizing multiaffine polynomials, P.J. Barry norm estimates for inverses of distance matrices, B.J.C. Baxter numerical treatment of surface-surface-intersection and contouring, K.-H. Brakhage modelling closed surfaces - a comparison of existing methods, P. Brunet and A. Vinacua a new characterization of plane elastica, G. Brunnett POLynomials, POLar forms, and interPOL-ation, P.de Casteljau pyramid patches provide potential polynomial paradigms, A.S. Cavaretta and C.A. Micchelli implicitizing rational surfaces with base points by applying perturbations and the factors of zero theorem, E.-W. Chionh and R.C. Goldman wavelets and multiscale interpolation, C.K. Chui and X. Shi a curve intersection algorithm with processing of singular cases - introduction of a clipping technique, M. Daniel best approximation of parametric curves by splines, W.L.F. Degen an approximately G1 cubic surface interpolant, T. DeRose and S. Mann on the G2 continuity of piecewise parametric surfaces, W. Du and F.J.M. Schmitt stationary and non-stationary binary subdivision schemes, N. Dyn and D. Levin MQ-curves are curves in tension, M. Eck offset approximation improvement by control point perturbation, G. Elber and E. Cohen curves and surfaces in geometrical optics, R.T. Farouki and J.-C.A. Chastang evaluation and properties of a derivative of a NURBS curve, M.S. Floater hybrid cubic Bezier triangle patches, T.A. Foley and K. Opitz modelling geological structures using splines, L.A. Froyland, et al wonderful triangle - a simple, unified, algorithmic approach to change of basis procedures in computer aided geometric design, R.N. Goldman an arbitrary mesh network scheme using rational splines, J.A. Gregory and P.K. Yuen Bezier curves and surface patches on quadrics, J. Hoschek monotonicity preserving interplation using C2 rational cubic Bezier curves, M.K. Ismail on piecewise quadratic G2 approximation and interplation, J. Kozak and M. Lokar non-affine blossoms and subdivision for Q-splines, R. Kulkarni. Part contents.


This study is intended to interpret Article 150, VI, point to the Federal Constitution, to verify the implementation of tax immunity to electronic books, newspapers and periodicals. First, it's done a historical study of the tax benefits. Thereafter, it examines the legal nature, purpose and reference of this standard, defining, respectively, that: (i) removes the powers of taxation, because the legislature is prohibited from imposing taxes on books, newspapers and periodicals, (ii) limits the power to tax, (iii) human rights are their reference. And finally, through the study of doctrine and jurisprudence, and research under the rules of hermeneutics, it is concluded that the immunity should be extended to tax electronic publishing, because the immunity must be interpreted extensively, following the technological evolution and respecting the fundamental rights of freedom, expression, thought, communication, access to education, culture and information. Key-words: immunity – extension – power to tax – books – newspapers – periodicals – electronic publishing.


The Florida Department of Health funds beach water sampling for 34 of Florida's coastal counties. Mote Marine Laboratory, in conjunction with the Gulf of Mexico Coastal Ocean Observing System (GCOOS) developed an automated data harvester that used Web scraping technology to capture the reported data from each monitored county and store the data in a MySQL database. The database was queried nightly and the results were used to build XML files that were ingested by GCOOS and published through the GCOOS Data Portal. In early 2013 the Florida Department of Health outsourced their Web site to a commercial service provider. The new Healthy Beaches Web site used a mash-up of Google Maps and JavaScript code and no longer returned a standard HTML document. The conversion from traditional Web page to dynamic mash-up rendered our data harvester inoperable. Our entire data pipeline had to be completely rebuilt.


Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of ceftriaxone sodium in prevention of infection after tension-free-herniorrhaphy incarcerted inguinal hernia.Methods The patients who underwent tension-free-herniorrhaphy incarcerted inguinal hernia in the same period were elected and divided into trial group and control group randomly.Trial group:ceftriaxone sodium was given by intravenousdripat preoperative 30 min,postoperative 1 h and once a day after operation for 3 days~5 days;control group:1.0 g~2.0 g rocephin was given by intravenousdripat preoperative 30 min,posloperalive 1 h and once a day after operation for 3 days~5 days.Results There was no significant difference between ceftriaxone sodium group and rocephin group in total clinical effective rale,baclerial clearance rale,occurrence rate of adverse effect and so on.Conclusion Ceflriaxone sodium can be applied to prevent postoperative infection of tension-free-herniorrhaphy incarcerted inguinal hernia.


This study aimed to investigate the correlation between organizational commitment, organizational culture, ownership structure, good corporate governance and internal sharia control. The participants of the study consisted of 244 active employees working as leaders at the Surgical Department of Andi Makkasau Hospital, Parepare. The Partial Least Square (PLS) path modelling was used in data analysi. Employees who have high organizational commitment and can implement internal sharia control in doing their work will have better performance. This can help reduce the rate of employee turnover and increasing employee attendance rates and also become intellectual property in the field of Islamic economics.


Background: Nepal has a relatively young and growing population, like most low-income countries. Recently, Nepal has accelerated its commitment to the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) Programme of Action by introducing a programme focusing on the sexual and reproductive health of adolescents. This paper aims to report the sexual health knowledge, attitudes and behaviour of adolescents in rural Nepal. Methods: A survey was conducted in four districts of Nepal with representative sample among adolescents aged 15–19 years using pre-tested structured questionnaire in 2011. Questionnaire contents socio-demographic questions including knowledge, attitudes and behaviours related to reproductive and sexual health. The study was approved by the Nepal Health Research Council. Results: A total 3041 adolescents (mean age 16.4 years, 49.4% male and 50.6% female) completed the questionnaire. The data indicated that HIV/AIDS and other reproductive and sexual health knowledge among the respondents was moderate. Male respondents have better knowledge on HIV/AIDS compare to female respondents. Similarly, male have better access to modern means of communications. Both male and female were equally likely to say that they had used a condom the last time they had sex. A small proportion of all respondents (9.3%) had acquired emergency contraception, two thirds of those were male (65%) and among total users of emergency contraceptives, 85% were unmarried. Conclusions: Both education and youth-friendly services, targeting to female adolescents are required to improve the sexual health status of adolescents. The findings have important implications for the (re-)development sexual health interventions for adolescents in Nepal.


Abstract We report the self-assembly of disk-shaped molecules that from lyotropic nematic and cholesteric phases in triphenylene-based thermotropic discotic liquid crystalline compounds. A discotic nematic monomer, which exhibits nematic melt at 103°C and isotropization temperature at 180°C, showed room-temperature nematic phase when dissolved in suitable organic solvents at an appropriate concentration. In case of a discotic cholesteric monomer, whose clearing temperature is 190°C, showed cholesteric phase at room temperature cholesteric lyo-mesophase 55 wt% in xylene. The lyo-mesophases of discotic materials, when filled in LC cells, were electrohydrodynamically switchable. We obtained discotic cholesteric films with selective reflected color from an aligned and polymerized cholesteric lyo-discotic system. The temperature dependence of reflection of cholesteric lyo-discotic system was also determined.


As an overall review,this article presents several challenges and issues in medical education in India,including curriculum reform,proliferation of new medical schools,accreditation standards for all medical schools,selection of medical students,and faculty development.The article discusses each of these issues and offer suggestions for addressing them.


The present invention relates to a method for determining the medium (10) in the clinical and / or chemical parameters (S1) of the method, in which the means (2) for emitting a coherent light waves (6), such as a laser unit, and for means (4) receives the light waves (8), such as a photo transistor cells. Wherein the light waves (6) emitted from at least a portion of the incident medium (10), and means for receiving light waves (8) for (4) of the light wave reflected by the medium (10) (8) at least a part of measurement, based on which the emitted and the received light waves (6; 8) determining the characteristic parameters (S1). Wherein emitted by a laser unit (2) to the medium (10) in a light wave (6), and the lightwave (8) reflected by the medium (10) is measured by a phototransistor unit (4), can be advantageously parameters (S1) of the laser beam within the target range is determined in a processing or control unit.


In the title hydrate, C10H10O4·H2O, the six-membered aliphatic ring that is fused to the benzene ring has a sofa shape, with the hydroxy group in the 3-position (that represents the sofa back) of the aliphatic ring occupying a quasi-axial position. The hydroxy group of the aromatic ring is hydrogen-bond donor to the carbonyl O atom; other O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the organic molecules and the water molecules into a three-dimensional network.


Throughout the 20th century there had been published works devoted to organizational and structural transformations in the USSR industry management. Now there is a long overdue need for generalization of the knowledge stored. The research covers the most known works and directions of scientific search on this subject matter.


The present study was performed for the period of one year from January 2013 to December 2013 in order to understand the physico-chemical properties of sediments samples collected along the Mahul Creek of Mumbai. The annual average pH value of the creek sediments was recorded as 5.38. It is feared that such low pH value of sediment might increase the acidity of creek water thereby triggering the heavy metal toxicity which will further reduced survivorship in fish through chronic stress and affect the reproductive partner. The annual average salinity content of the sediment was recorded as 4601.17 ppm. It is important here to note that the high salinity of the sediment may increase the salinity level of creek water which is considered as a major stress factor for most freshwater organisms including crustaceans. The average annual concentration of phosphate in the creek sediment was found to 480.39 ppm. Such high concentration of phosphate in the creek sediments might accelerate the process of eutrophication. From the results it appears that as India moves towards stricter regulation of industrial effluents to control water pollution, greater efforts are required to reduce the risk due to the toxic pollutants which are released into the ecosystems.


In estimating the two-dimensional (2D) direction-of-arrival (DOA) using a coprime planar array, there are problems of the limited degree of freedom (DOF) and high complexity caused by the spectral peak search. We utilize the time-domain characteristics of signals and present a high DOF algorithm with low complexity based on the noncircular signals. The paper first analyzes the covariance matrix and ellipse covariance matrix of the received signals, vectorizes these matrices, and then constructs the received data of a virtual uniform rectangular array (URA). 2D spatial smoothing processing is applied to calculate the covariance of the virtual URA. Finally, the paper presents an algorithm using 2D multiple signal classification and an improved algorithm using unitary estimating signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques, where the latter solves the closed-form solutions of DOAs replacing the spectral peak search to reduce the complexity. The simulation experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithms obtain the high DOF and enable to estimate the underdetermined signals. Furthermore, both two proposed algorithms can acquire the high accuracy.


It is shown that the midgap levels ${E}_{B}$ used to line up band structures at semiconductor heterostructures maintain a constant energy with respect to the experimental vacuum level. This implies that the electron affinity rule for the determination of band offsets is closely related to recent band lineup theories by Flores and Tejedor, Tersoff, and Cardona and Christensen.


Web Search Engines have become an essential tool to explore the internet resources. Search engines serve all people in the same way, regardless of the individual needs. Personalized web search is an effective means of providing unique results to different users. User Profiling is a fundamental tool of any personalization applications. Most of the personalization techniques focus on the creation of one single user profile and apply the same profile to all of the user's queries. This research paper presents a new approach to the personalized web search by creating two user profiles to every user and map the two profiles to create an effective user profile. Based on this, new consolidated user profile, it is possible to get more personalized web pages.


Abstract Historical studies for predicting cutting forces in wood processing are based on the Piispanen/Ernst-Merchant theory employed in metal cutting where the offcut/chip is formed in shear. This analysis has been recently improved to include significant work of surface separation and formation (i.e., the fracture toughness of the workpiece, as well as the shear yield stress and friction). The new theory is applied here to wood cutting experiments. It is well known that chip formation and surface damage depend on grain orientation and chip thickness, but experiments reveal that chip formation alters with cutting speed as well. During the COST E35 action a series of experiments and special devices to orthogonally cut wood at high and low speed have been developed. In this paper, an overview of the cutting devices and the main results are given.


We present the case of a 5‐year‐old girl who was brought to hospital having suffered an intracranial bleed. She was found to have a large cerebral arteriovenous malformation which was unsuitable for coiling. Uncontrollable raised intracranial pressure refractory to all therapies necessitated surgery as a last resort. Massive hemorrhage eventuated during the procedure with the estimated loss of between five and six blood volumes, the majority occurring within the space of an hour and a half. We describe management using a locally developed protocol and correlate this with laboratory findings.


For two-dimensional (2-D) resistivity analysis, a number of inversion techniques have already been proposed (e.g., Shima,1990). However when underground is close to a horizontally layered structure, an one-dimensional (1-D) assumption is considered to be more effective in arriving a further accurate solution. To make the 1-D assumption more useful, I propose a filtering procedure that improves the sensitivity characteristics of the potenrial data obtained by a pole-pole array.


Tropical freshwater fish have become one of the most important aquaculture commodities in the first decade of the century. Production has significantly grown in developing countries, resulting in a surplus that requires targeting the markets in developed countries in the search of higher prices and profits. The real figures of this trade are difficult, if not impossible, to estimate, as their recordings were aggregated into those of more generic commodities. However, since 2010, new items have been introduced on the list of tariff codes, and the most relevant tropical species are now differentiated, allowing study at the species level. It is too soon for a long-tern analysis, but the evolution in these three years points to an interesting competitive scenario. Freshwater Fish Marketed In E.U. Three main species of tropical fish are marketed in significant volumes in the European Union, with frozen fillets the most common presentation. Pangasius, Nile perch and tilapia are the top species, according to the volumes imported in 2013 (Figure 1). Imported volumes of Pangasius and Nile perch declined by 30% in the last three years, while those of tilapia remained stable and even increased slightly to about 20,000 mt. There is a sort of specialization by continents and countries in the origins of Summary: In Europe, most frozen white fish fillets operate in an undifferentiated market. Although differences in quality and processing affect pricing, there is also competition across species and exporting countries. Analysis showed that prices for tilapia from the leading exporter China were not affected by any competitor, but pricing for tilapia from other countries was highly related. Low Pangasius prices affected the market share of tilapia, which may help explain why Pangasius is a most popular fish in the European Union. Pricing for Pangasius, the most popular tropical white fish in the European Union, significantly affects that of imported tilapia. Jose Fernandez Polanco, Ph.D. Universidad de Cantabria Avenida de los Castros s/n E-3900 Santander, Cantabria, Spain firstname.lastname@example.com


As for the future power supply of electric car, regular sale of power service and battery lease service are two main realistic business models. Regardless of customers, enterprises, society or enviroment, battery lease service is relatively more excellent. Battery lease service is a typical network business model. To satisfy the increasing power demand from electric car, power distribution enterprises should participate and lead the creation of the battery lease network,and research issues related to battery lease service so as to grasp better status in the new economy.


The thymol turbidity test was done by the Shank‐Hoagland (pH 7.55) method and flocculation tests were done on all lipemic serum over 5.0 T.T. units. The mean for the readings on clear (nonlipemic) sera (87%) was 3.8 units, and the standard deviation 2.1. The screening level of abnormality at the 95% confidence level was 8.0 T.T. units in clear sera (or 8.0 T.T. units with positive flocculation in lipema sera), and 10.1 T.T. units (also with T.F. in lipemic sera) at the 99% confidence level. There were 5.4% and 1.7% "abnormal" bloods, respectively. The values for all sera, including lipemic, were: mean 4.4, S.D. 2.7, or 9.9 T.T. units at the 95% confidence level and 12.5 at 99%. A parallel study of the use of inactivated sera for the T.T. test is discussed. It lowered the T.T. values an average of 3.7 units but producd a more abnormal distribution of test results. Since the donors were healthy adults representing a good cross section of the adult population and the levels of abnormality (95 and 99% confidence) found for the test were considerably higher than that reported by most authors, the validity of the use of lower levels to screen blood donors is questioned. The use of large numbers of acceptable blood donors may be a better way to establish normal and abnormal values for clinical laboratory tests. The incidence of hepatitis in transfused patients, followed for six months, is reported in Part II.


Should writers "avoid clichés like the plague"? Clichés are said to be a prominent characteristic of "low brow" literature, and conversely, a negative marker of "high brow" literature. Clichés may concern the storyline, the characters, or the style of writing. We focus on cliché expressions, ready-made stock phrases which can be taken as a sign of uncreative writing. We present a corpus study in which we examine to what extent cliché expressions can be attested in a corpus of various kinds of contemporary fiction, based on a large, curated lexicon of cliché expressions. The results show to what extent the negative view on clichés is supported by data: we find a significant negative correlation of -0.48 between cliché density and literary ratings of texts. We also investigate interactions with genre and characterize the language of clichés with several basic textual features. Code used for this paper is available at https://github.com/andreasvc/litcliches/


(ProQuest: ... denotes non-USASCII text omitted.)INTRODUCTIONIntercultural communication carries universal and specific features of the language systems based on their comparative description, as well as ways to compensate for those links in the lexical system that are not nominatively marked by a singleword. Comparing the different languages and cultures discrepancies are revealed, which are nominatively unmarked, called lexical gaps.The term "gap" was coined by scientists J. Vinay and J. Darbelnet who define it as "a phenomenon that occurs whenever a word of one language has no correspondence in another language". Many linguists give the definition of this term (V. L. Muravyov, A. O. Ivanov etc.). V. G. Gak describes gaps as "gaps in the lexical system of language, no words that should have been present in the language, if we base on its reflective function (i.e., its task is to define the phenomena of objective reality) and the lexical system of a language". Synonymic row also includes the following terms: weak equivalents (M. K. Golovanivskaya, N. V. Gabdreeva), background information (E. M. Vereshchagin, V. S. Vinogradov, V. G. Kostomarov), foreignism and exoticism (A. V. Kalinin, D. N. Shmelev, A. N. Ivanova), non-equivalent vocabulary, words-realia (N. K. Garbowski, A. V. Fedorov, I. Alexeeva). The lacunarity was studied by such linguists as V. N. Komissarov, S. Florin, V. G. Gak, V. L. Muravyov, S. Vlachov, Y. A. Sorokin, L. K. Bayramova. Gaps are learnt in different aspects: historical, comparative, theoretical.We consider such a thing as lacunarity based on material obtained by comparison of the original text and translations of works by English writer D.K. Jerome "Three Men in a Boat (To Say Nothing of the Dog)." Such prominent linguists as M.P. Alekseev, V. Komissarov, Y.S. Sorokin, B.A. Uspensky, G. Huttl Worth, E.E. Birzhakova, L.A. Voynova , L.L. Kutina wrote about the importance of the language translation study."The establishment of the foreign units perception, the evolution of this perception, perhaps, is the most important, that help to define translations".METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORKThe main method we used, is widely known today, and G. Huttl-Worth was one of the first to apply it in Los Angeles in the 60-ies: a comparison of the original and the translation. Using the example of multi-temporal translations of M. Engelhardt, M. Salie, M.A. Donskoy and E.Linetskaya and their comparisons with the English original novel of D.K. Jerome "Three Men in a Boat (To Say Nothing of the Dog)" we describe the lexical units, generating lacunarity in languages (Russian and English), as well as to develop principles of adequate transmission of information by reflection lacunar units in the translation process.RESULTSThe story "Three men in a boat" was published repeatedly in Russia. According to our data, the book was translated into Russian by E. Tihomandritskaya, M.A. Engelhardt, N.A. Zharintsova, E.S. Kudasheva M.A. Salie, M.A. Donskoy and E.Linetskaya and others.In this study, we compared the translations made by M.A. Engelhardt and M.A. Salie and the translation made jointly by M.A. Donskoy (I-X Ch.) and E.L. Linetskaya (XI-XIX Ch.).Based on the classification of the T.V. Chernov and V.L. Muravyov, we distinguish the following types of lexical gaps: ethnographic; associative; lexical; gaps associated with the internal form of the word. In this paper we attempt to research how these types of lexical gaps are represented in translations made at different times and by different translators.Ethnographic GapsAccording to V.N. Muravyov, ethnographic gaps are gaps in the vocabulary of a language that can be explained by the social cultural reasons. The main feature of ethnographic gaps is the lack of things, subjects of reality in everyday life of people, but its presence in the life of another one. As a result, the native speakers of the language have no lexically fixed notion of the thing or phenomenon. …


As the future of the modern transportation system, Intelligent Transportation System(ITS) needs information more accuracy and more real- time. As the whole system input information source, probe- car data source should be fully researched. Given the con- dition that there is not relative standard in China, so the author raise several parameters to monitor the data source and use them to set up a open- parameter loop- control monitor and evaluation model. Also use the data fragment of the data source in the project to verify the parameter and model. Another research subject on how to add new parameters to better describe the data source and im- prove the evaluation model is for further research.


The goal of Avionics Modernization Programs (AMP) is to provide a flexible platform that is maintainable and expandable to meet mission requirements of today with defined growth paths to future requirements while maintaining low acquisition and ownership costs. The open architecture and modular construction of the Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS) provides this path and capability to meet both current radio communications requirements and growth capability needs. The JTRS is defined in terms of its hardware and software architecture. This paper addresses the hardware architecture.


Support verb constructions are documented throughout the history of Latin. These syntagms
are characterized by the presence of a support verb with a more or less reduced semantic force, and a
predicative (abstract or verbal) noun that often constitutes its direct object. The present contribution
deals, specifically, with the use of facio as a support verb (as in bellum facere, iter facere, insidias facere
etc.), focussing on the post-classical and late period. Two main questions shall be discussed: (a) whether,
and if so, how facio becomes more productive in later centuries in both non-Christian and Christian
sources; (b) what type of semantic evolution the verb undergoes in later Latin and whether, in this respect, continuity or rupture should be assumed with regard to the earlier period. This last point will
enable us to suggest a more convincing explanation of an often-quoted passage of Cicero (Phil. 3. 22), in
which the expression contumeliam facere is found.


Abstract A high resolution rotary encoder and a piezo electric force sensor are implemented in a 16-inch laboratory-scale low consistency refiner to explore the effect of plate gaps on bar-force profiles. The sensor replaces a short length of a stator bar and measures normal and shear forces applied during the passage of each rotor bar. The rotary encoder data is used to locate the rotor bars relative to the stator bar in which the sensor is located. Previous work with this type of force sensor focuses primarily on the distribution of the maximum force measured during the passage of each rotor bar over the sensor or bar passing event, BPE. In this work, force profiles for bar passing events are registered to the position of rotor bars relative to the stator bar in which the sensor is located. These registered force profiles are measured for a range of plate gaps and two different pulp furnishes. The angular reference provided by the encoder makes it possible to generate mean force profiles. As force data for individual BPEs is highly variable, these mean force profiles have potential to shed light on the fundamental mechanisms of mechanical refining. For large gaps, there is a late peak in the force profiles that occurs toward the end of the bar passing event. For gaps that are less than the critical gap, below which fiber cutting occurs, there is an early peak in the force profiles that occurs at the start of the bar passing event. It is hypothesized that the early peak represents the corner force and, therefore, that corner force is causal in the onset of fiber cutting. To explore this hypothesis, a model is presented connecting corner force and friction force to the progression geometric variables during the bar passing event such as the bar edge length engaged at any point in the bar passing event and the area covered by the rotor bar on the force sensor at any point in the bar passing event.


When operating at high temperature and internal pressure, initial imperfections in a cold laid pipeline can lead, through expansion and an increase in axial stress, to imperfection· growth and uphe...


To assess the dispersion of genetic variation among Indian garlic accessions, twenty-five genotypically diverse accessions were studied through analysis of genetic variability, mean performance, heritability and genetic gain for 17 yield contributing agro-morphological traits.The study involving 25 Indian garlic accessions was undertaken at Vegetable Farm, CSK HPKV, Palampur during 2017-2018. Based on mean performance, Kanaid Local Selection and Chambi Local Selection were the top-ranking genotypes for bulb yield per plant which significantly out yielded all the genotypes with a significant increase of 28.7 % and 12.7 %, respectively over standard check, (GHC-1). In general, the magnitude of PCV was higher than their respective GCV for all the traits studied which reflected the considerable influence of environment on the manifestation of these traits.High estimates of phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were obtained for bulbils per plant, clove weight and clove equatorial diameter indicating better scope for improvement through selection.The high heritability coupled with high genetic gain for bulbils per plant, clove weight, leaf width at middle portion, clove equatorial diameter, cloves per bulb and pseudo stem diameter showed active involvement of additive gene action in the inheritance of these traits and selection for these traits will directly increase bulb yield per plant.


Martin Daunton (ed.), The Cambridge Urban History of Britain: Volume III 1840–1950, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2000; pp. xxvi + 944; ISBN 0 521 41707 4 Andrzej Olechnowicz, Working-Class Housing in England between the Wars: The Becontree Estate, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1997; pp. xi + 273; ISBN 0 19 820650 X Graham Towers, Shelter is Not Enough: Transforming Multi-storey Housing, Bristol, Policy Press, 2000; pp. xiv + 259; ISBN 1 86134 155 3 Lawrence J. Vale, From the Puritans to the Projects: Public Housing and Public Neighbors, Cambridge, MA and London, Harvard University Press, 2000; pp. xiv + 460; ISBN 0 674 00286 5 Sudhir Alladi Venkatesh, American Project: The Rise and Fall of a Modern Ghetto, Cambridge, MA and London, Harvard University Press, 2000; pp. xvi + 332; ISBN 0 674 00321 7 Philip Waller (ed.), The English Urban Landscape, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2000; pp. 352; ISBN 0 19 860117 4


Abstract When a farm that was using a conventional milking system introduces an automatic milking system (AMS) possible risk factors can affect milk quality. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of milking with automatic milking systems on milk quality variables over a long time-period post-installation. Bulk milk total bacterial count (BMTBC) and somatic cell count (BMSCC) were analysed and compared from 2 years before introduction of automatic milking until 4 years after. Differences regarding these quality parameters were contrasted using t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc comparisons were performed. A significant increase in BMTBC was observed during the first three months after introduction of AMS, counts then declined to equivalent levels pre-AMS installation, from 25,000 to 50,000 cfu mL−1. Although differences were significant for the first two years post-installation, they became non-significant during the following two years. The difference in BMSCC was not statistically significant between pre and post-AMS installation time periods, but by grouping data into annual periods, significantly higher values of BMSCC were found during the first year after introduction. Nevertheless, these values decreased over time and even showed a significant improvement in the third year with respect to pre-introduction. The data show that the installation of AMS had a marked impact on milk quality. However, as soon as farmers become accustomed to managing the new equipment and the adaption of cows is real, a level of milk quality which can be maintained over time is achievable.


Objective To detect the relation between 5-HT2A receptor gene polymorphism and Alzheimerdisease(AD) in Chinese. Methods The gene polymorpism of 5-HT2A recepto gene and ApoE were genotyped in82 AD cases, 97 controls with PCR methods and RFLP typing. Then the association between 5-HT2A receptor genepolymorphism and AD was analyzed. Results There was no association between AD and any allele or genotype of5-HT2A meceptor gene polymorphism. But when the subjects were split into ApoE e4 plsitive and ApoE e4 negativegroups, there was a significantly positive association between non-ApoE e4 AD and A1/A2 genotype (OR = 2. 72,95% CI: 2. 10 ~ 3. 52, P<0. 05), or a negative association between non-ApoE e4 AD and A1/A1 genotype(OR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.32~0.40, P<0.05). Conclusions The 5-HT2A receptor gene polymorpsm may beassociated with non-ApoE e4 AD in Chinese Han population.


Virtual manufacturing technology of complex products is a complicated system engineering. This paper discusses the meaning of virtual manufacturing, analyzes its influence on manufacturing industry, researches on its system structure of complex products and introduces the development and application of virtual manufacturing technology of complex products at home and abroad. The future developing trend of virtual manufacturing technology of complex products is pointed out, which is to integrate the present modeling technology, simulation technology, information technology, advanced design and manufacturing technology, and develop a general, open, distributed, safe virtual manufacturing supporting platform which owns proprietary intellectual property rights and supports the collaborative development of the complex product in the whole life cycle and different places. Key words—complex product; virtual manufacturing; system structure; application


Ketosis is ketone volatile as metabolic product that released from breath. Acetone is majority metabolic product. Breakdown of body fat is main cause of breath acetone concentrations. Therefore, acetone contained in our exhaled breath is expected to be a good indicator of fat-burning. So, we interested in establishing gas sensor using polyaniline (PANI) and silver nanoparticles-polyaniline composite (AgNPs-PANI) and comparing acetone sensing behavior by electronic nose technique. PANI and AgNPs-PANI are prepared by in-situ chemical oxidation polymerization. Silver nanoparticles are synthesized by reduction of silver nitrate (AgNO3) with sodium borohydride (NaBH4). The sensing behaviors of gas sensors are analyzed at room temperature toward 100 ppm of acetone. The AgNPs-PANI film had exhibited better overall acetone sensing behavior in terms of sensing response when compared with pure PANI. Moreover, the sensing response has affected polymer annealing in differ from incubation time. The highest sensing response has exhibited from 12-hour incubating of AgNPs-PANI sensors. In addition, the resistance of AgNPs-PANI sensors had displayed more stable than pure PANI sensors which is important factor to be as a suitable gas sensor material for acetone exhaled breath sensor development and other applications.


Yellow light-emitting heteroleptic iridium complex with 2-(4-bromophenyl) -1H-benzo [d] imidazole as cylcometalated ligand and 5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-dipyridyl as the ancillary ligand was synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, elemental analysis and IR. The poly (methyl methacrylate)(PMMA) and poly (ethyl acrylate carbazole)(PEAK) doped with the complex were prepared by solution method. The photoluminescent properties of the complex and polymers were studied. The results show that the complex exhibits yellow luminescence with the emission peak of 562nm and CIE coordinates of (0.439, 0.502) upon 365nm excitation. The polymers transfer effectively intermolecular energy to the iridium complex, which results in effective yellow emission for the doped polymers.


The literature on polyamides was reviewed to determine the nature and extent of information available on these materials which are commonly used in consumer and industrial applications. This review was limited to aliphatic polyamides normally called nylon and excludes aromatic polyamides such as Nomex and bicomponent polymers consisting of nylon and other polymers. The review was further limited to those publications in English through June 1984. Typical pyrolysis products from a broad range of nylons do not appear to differ greatly. Many of the decomposition products detected in vacuum pyrolysis experiments appear as products of thermal degradation in inert and air atmospheres. In air, a general reduction in the quantities of heavier hydrocarbons is noted along with an increase in the production of CO, CO2, H2O, NH3, HCN and NOx. The toxicity of the thermal degradation products from various types of nylon has been evaluated by nine different protocols. Reported LC50 values range from 10.8 m l−1 to 61.9 mg l−1. Dyes apparently do not affect the materials' combustion products toxicity but an increase in the amount of backcoating on a nylon fabric increases toxicity. Time to death measurements show that volatile products from nylons are less toxic than those from rayons or cotton, while the blending of wool with nylon greatly increases the toxicity of the thermal decomposition products. In general, however, the overall toxicity of the thermal degradation products from nylon do not appear to be greatly different than those from many other polymeric materials. Large-scale test results are ambiguous, and it is difficult to interpret the results in terms of a single component in a multicomponent system.


The Wenquan Rapakivi granite is distributed in the Wenquan area, Chicheng County, Hebei Province, covering an area of about 50 km2. Based on the regional geological survey of the 1:25000 Yanqing County Sheet, the authors studied the mode of occurrence and intrusive relationships of the Wenquan Rapakivi granite and discussed its age according to the petrological, geochemical and isotope age evidence. Study shows that the intrusion is A-type granite with higher contents of K, Al and Fe and lower contents of Ca and Mg. It was formed in the Mesoproterozoic, which is equivalent to the Dahongyu Stage of the Changchengian System and can be correlated with the Shachang Rapakivi granite, Miyun County, Beijing. In addition, the study also provides petrological and isotope age evidence for the study of the time of cratonization of the basement of the North China plate and event of its break-up during the Mesoproterozoic.


In this paper, under certain condition the Fredholm-Volterra integral equation of the first kind is solved. The existence. and uniqueness of the solution is considered. The Fredholm integral equation of the second kind is established from the work, and its solution is also obtained.


The family Torrenticolidae belongs to Lebertioidea (Trombidiformes: Hydrachnidiae), one of the most abundant groups in species diversity in water mites (Krantz & Walter 2009). Up to now, the world's total number of known torrenticolid species is 618 (Gu et al. 2019c, 2022a, b, c; Gu & Guo 2019; Pešić et al. 2019, 2020a, b, 2022). The earliest taxonomic study of Torrenticolidae started in 1837 (Koch 1837), but that in China started later in the 1990s (Jin 1997; Gu & Guo 2019). Therefore, the taxonomy of Torrenticolidae in China is relatively backward. As of December 2016, only 13 torrenticolid species were identified in China. So there are still many new taxonomic categories to be discovered. In addition, some other critical scientific problems are required to be solved quickly, such as limited available morphological characteristics and taxonomical methods.


in the biological sciences are allowing pharmaceutical companies to meet the health care crisis with drugs that are more suitable for preventive and tailored treatment, thereby holding the promise of enabling more cost effective care with greater efficacy and reduced side effects. However, this shift in business model increases the need for companies to integrate data across drug discovery, drug development, and clinical practice. This is a fundamental shift from the approach of limiting integration activities to functional areas. The Linked Data approach holds much potential for enabling such connectivity between data silos, thereby enabling pharmaceutical companies to meet the urgent needs in society for more tailored health care. This paper examines the applicability and potential benefits of using Linked Data to connect drug and clinical trials related data sources and gives an overview of ongoing work within the W3C's Semantic Web for Health Care and Life Sciences Interest Group on publishing drug related data sets on the Web and interlinking them with existing Linked Data sources. A use case is provided that demonstrates the immediate benefit of this work in enabling data to be browsed from disease, to clinical trials, drugs, targets and companies.


This invention relates to a method for manufacturing ceramic particles from coal gangues. The method comprises: (1) mixing the raw materials, grinding, and sieving with a 80-200 mesh sieve; (2) adding water and granulating; (3) drying; (4) heating to 900-1150 deg.C, and sintering; (5) cooling to obtain the final product. The method does not need much clay, and save the cropland.


The Sustainable Development Goal on sanitation aims to achieve universal access to good health, affordable drinking water, sanitation and an end to open defeacation by 2030. The recent ranking of Nigeria as first globally for open defecation is of public and environmental health concern. This study assessed the sanitary condition and the microbiological quality of well and surface waters of Panhauya community and Ahmadu Bello University farm, Zaria, and the antibiogram of the bacterial isolates.. Based on the WHO criteria, the sanitary inspection showed that 16.7%, 54.2%, 25% and 4.2% of the water sampling points had a very high, high, intermediate and low risk of contamination respectively. Occurrence of Escherichia coli, Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella spp and Vibrio cholerae in water samples from Panhuaya community was 87.5%, 75%, 68.8%, 50%, 25% and 12.5% respectively. In ABU farm Shika, the occurrence was; E. coli (75%), E. histolytica (63%), G. lamblia and Salmonella spp. All E. coli isolates exhibited high multidrug resistance to antibiotics screened with a MAR index of 0.3-0.8. The drinking water sources in Panhuaya and ABU farm were unsafe and the presence of these pathogens in the water samples may be attributed to a number of factors including poor sanitation, manure application and open defecation practice. This indicates a public health risk to the residents and emphasises the need for safe water supplies sanitation and antibiotic stewardship. Keywords: Well water; surface water; sanitary inspection; open defecation; water-borne pathogens; Zaria.


Media with correlated disorder have recently garnered a lot of attention for their unexpected transport properties. A critical first step towards understanding their complex structure-function relationship is to devise methods for designing structures with desired spectral features at scale. In this work, we introduce an optimal formulation of this inverse problem by means of the non-uniform fast Fourier transform, thus arriving at an algorithm capable of generating systems with arbitrary spectral properties, with a computational cost that scales $O(N \log N)$ with system size. The method is extended to accommodate arbitrary real-space interactions, such as short-range repulsion, to simultaneously control short- and long-range correlations. As an example, we generate the largest-ever stealthy hyperuniform configurations in $2d$ ($N = 10^9$) and $3d$ ($N>10^7$). By an Ewald sphere construction we then elucidate the link between spectral and optical properties at the single-scattering level, and show that large, yet finite, stealthy hyperuniform structures in $2d$ and $3d$ generically display bandgap-like features in their transmission, thus providing a concrete example of how this method enables fine tuning of a physical property at will. However, we also show that large $3d$ power-law hyperuniformity in particle packings leads to single-scattering properties near-identical to those of simple hard spheres. Our approach for the fast optimization of the spectral properties of point patterns should extend readily beyond materials design, for instance to blue noise sampling and texture generation in computer graphics.


Introduction While the electrocardiogram (ECG) for pulmonary embolism typically shows tachycardia or evidence of right heart strain, it can demonstrate ischemic changes similar to acute coronary syndrome. Case Report The patient in this case presented with syncope, chest pain, and an ECG showing an anterior acute myocardial infarction (AMI) without evidence of right heart strain. His cardiac catheterization showed no coronary artery occlusions, but some signs of pulmonary embolism (PE), which was confirmed on computed tomography angiography of the chest. Conclusion This case demonstrates that PE should be high on the differential for AMI and describes an uncommonly encountered mimic for classic ST-elevation myocardial infarction ECG changes. Further diagnostics to confirm the diagnosis should be obtained when indicated.


Catalytic hydroboration of terminal alkenes/alkynes with HBpin using the Al(III) catalyst, [κ2-{Ph2P(=Se)NCH2(C5H4N)}Al(CH3)2] (1), under mild and solvent-free conditions to afford corresponding alkyl/alkenyl boronate esters in high yield is reported.


The disturbance propagation mechanism is crucial for the preventive, corrective, and in-extremis control of power grids. This paper proposes a novel non-uniform frame structure model for power system disturbance propagation analysis. A general state transition model of the power grid is derived from the electromechanical wave propagation process. This is further used together with the Gaussian function to derive the non-uniform heterogeneous inertial continuum model, where the non-uniform parameters of the inertia are estimated using the state transition model. The proposed non-uniform frame structure model can be integrated with the electromechanical wave equation to study the disturbance propagation process. These novel developments allow us to tackle the inertial loss and uniform homogenous assumption in existing models. Extensive comparison results carried out on both the chain grid and the IEEE 118-bus system demonstrate that the proposed model can achieve 5- and 3-times accuracy improvements of the state-of-the-art SHU-FSM and ISHU-FSM models, respectively.


In the present communication I wish to describe a managing the Third Stage of Labour which I have P? s?me time. It is based Sn a new view as to the'Reparation of the placenta, which I brought before the Edinburgh 0bstetncai Society in a brief note,?and more ^ Royal Society of Edinburgh. As I am at present pwpanigthns Paper for publication in the Proceedings of the latter Soc y ?hall only give a brief summary of my views ^fore going sm to ? practical question of management. I wish a so _ hitherto accepted, but in my opinion erroneous \ VTacenta is separated by diminution in area of the p ?


An uncharged two-conductor transmission line is considered whose ends are terminated in resistances. Initially the line is assumed to be charged along its length for a time interval that is short compared to the transit time along the line, as in the case of a cable irradiated with x rays. It is shown that the distribution of the subsequent energy dissipation in the line and its terminations can be calculated in closed form if the line is assumed to have low losses. The result here is of interest in some internal electromagnetic pulse (IEMP) problems.


Fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) catalyzes the hydrolytic cleavage of a carbon–carbon bond in fumarylacetoacetate to yield acetoacetate and fumarate as the final step in tyrosine degradation. In this study, the FAH genomic DNA and cDNA of Rhodosporidium. diobovatum were cloned by using the methods of degenerate polymerase chain reaction and RACE method. The results showed that the gene contained six exons, and that the encoded polypeptide held a sequence of 308 amino acid residues, containing a 75 residue N‐terminal prosequence, a 216 residue proteinase domain, and a 17 residue C‐terminal domain. Then, the expression vectors pET28a‐FAH were constructed and expressed in Escherichia coli. The enzymatic activity of FAH protein was determined by monitoring the decrease in optical density at 330 nm of the substrate fumarylacetoacetate. The values for Km and Vmax of the purified enzyme was 1.4 µM and 2.3 µmol · min−1 · mg−1, respectively.


High‐precision measurements of iT11,T20,T21 and T22 of the mirror reactions 2H(d,p)3H and 2H(d,n)3He are compared between 2.5 and 11.5 MeV incident deuteron energy. Large and complex differences are observed. Although at the present time proper Coulomb corrections can not be made, possible charge symmetry violation has to be considered.


OBJECTIVE: To determine whether MTX can overcome the atherogenic effect of COX-2 inhibitors and IFN- γ , both of which suppress cholesterol efflux protein levels and promote foam cell transformation in THP-1 human monocytes/macrophages. METHODS: Message and protein level of the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) proteins cholesterol 27-hydroxylase and ABCA1 in THP-1 cells were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot, respectively. Expression was evaluated in cells incubated in the presence or absence of the COX-2 inhibitor NS398 or IFN- γ with/without MTX. Foam cell transformation of lipid-loaded THP-1 macrophages was detected with oil red O staining and light microscopy. RESULTS: MTX increased 27-hydroxylase message and completely blocked NS398-induced downregulation of 27-hydroxylase (112.8±13.1% for NS398+MTX versus 71.1±4.3% for NS398 alone, with untreated as 100%, n=3, p<0.01). MTX also negated COX-2 inhibitor-mediated downregulation of ABCA1. Reversal of inhibitory effects on 27-hydroxylase and ABCA1 in the presence of MTX were blocked by the adenosine A2A transformation lipid-loaded THP-1 macrophages This study provides evidence supporting the atheroprotective effect of MTX. adenosine A2A MTX RCT and foam cell formation in THP-1 macrophages. This is the first evidence that any commonly used medication can increase expression of anti-atherogenic RCT proteins and can counteract the effects of COX-2 inhibition. Our results suggest that one mechanism by which MTX protects against cardiovascular mortality in RA patients is through facilitation of cholesterol outflow from cells of the artery wall.


The size and power of the most commonly used tests and a new wavelet-based approach of testing for Granger causality is evaluated by means of a Monte Carlo study in which the error term follows a generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity consistent (GARCH) process. In the simulation study it is shown that the commonly used causality tests tend to overreject the true null hypothesis in the presence of GARCH errors and that the new wavelet-based approach improves the size properties of the Granger causality test for all of the different situations evaluated.


Eighty-three gas engines in the MOL Upstream were reconstructed for reducing the air pollutant compounds emitted by gas engines between 1994 and 1998. The suction gas engines were equipped with three-way catalytic converter and λ-control. The gas engines, which operated at 1.4-1.6 excess air, were installed as lean burn engines and were equipped with catalysts. After reconstruction of the engines the carbon-monoxide emission reduced actually to zero. The NO x and NMHC emission reduced by 40-60%.


Complex requirements a precoated steel must satisfy during pressing, welding, painting and providing optimum corrosion resistance in use, are reviewed. A monofunctional coating (zinc or zinc alloy) cannot satisfy all these parameters. A Multilayer ElectroGalvanized (MEG) product, Zincrox, was found to be the most suitable to car body applications; the continuously superimposed electrolytic layers are: Zn-Cr-CrOx. The coating is still 99% Zn, but the thin layers of Cr-CrOx have solved critical problems: formability, weldability, welding fumes, electrode wear, paint adhesion, hydrogen cratering, galvanic contacts and resistance to the most severe corrosion tests with a reduced zinc thickness. Advantages in costs, scrap downpricing, main applications and developments are reported too.


This paper is an interpretation of the text A hora da estrela, by Clarice Lispector, published in 1977, a few months before the writer's death. In order to read this text, we start from a dialogue between the novel by the Brazilian writer and the book by Georges Didi-Hubeman (2017), entitled When images take positions, in which the French philosopher discusses the centrality of images in order to think about other possibilities to set up private and collective stories. The basic problem that we intend to answer through this hermeneutic exercise is how the Clarician text problematizes the issues related to the friction between literature and image and how the montage/ distancing procedure can be understood in the Clarician universe, particularly in her last work that calls into question a policy of the imagination. In addition to Didi-Huberman, authors such as Helene Cixous (2017),  Solange Ribeiro de Oliveira (2019) and Ricardo Iannace (2013) are invited to the discussion, contributing to highlight the extent to which relations between literature and image can be considered in this ultimate text by Clarice Lispector.


We present a multi-grain particle-based reduced-complexity model for the simulation of the formation and stability of step-pool morphology by specifically considering the granular interactions between sediment and river bed leading to entrainment and deposition of grains. The model CAST2 (Cellular Automaton Sediment Transport), based on the uniform-size model of Saletti et al. [2016], contains phenomenological parameterizations of sediment supply, bed load transport, particle entrainment and deposition, and granular interactions in a cellular-automaton space. CAST2 simulates the effect of different grain sizes by considering two types of particles: fine grains, which can be mobilized by any flow, and coarse grains, whose mobility is flow-dependent.


The present invention relates to an input device and a display device having the same. The display device comprises: a display panel; a chassis provided to support the display panel; and the input device disposed in the chassis. The input device includes a manipulation unit having a magnetic property for generating magnetic force and configured to be capable of performing horizontal movement and vertical movement and a sensor for sensing a change in magnetism due to the movement of the magnetic to perform an input command by an operation of the manipulation unit. With such a configuration, the operation of the input device can be accurately sensed to increase reliability of the device, and the display device can be slimly configured.


387 Background: Recent evidence suggests that the Wnt and Notch signaling pathways are involved in colon cancer progression and tumor recurrence. There is substantial germline genetic variability in these pathways, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). SNPs may alter transcription, translation or splicing, thereby causing inter-individual differences in a patient's tumor recurrence capacity and chemoresistance. We hypothesized that SNPs analyzed in a comprehensive panel of Wnt and Notch pathway genes predict clinical outcome in patients with colon cancer. Methods: A total of 815 patients with stage II and III colon cancer treated at the Medical University of Graz were included in this retrospective study. FFPE tissue specimens from normal tissue adjacent to the tumor samples were available from 599 patients. 18 SNPs in Wnt and Notch pathway genes (SFRP, DKK2, DKK3, Axin2, APC, MYC, TCF7L2 and NOTCH-2) were determined by 5'-exonuclease assay (TaqMan). The primary endpoint of the study was disea...


The downward trend in incidence parallels increased life expectancy among infected patients stabilized with HAART. However, a new study finds that not all populations are equally affected.


A mutant P 12 was obtained from an organophosphorous pesticides-degrading strain( Bacillus licheniformis ) mutated by ultraviolet ray . At θ =30℃, ρ (O 2)=2.5 mg L -1 , the removal rate of methamidophs by the strain was 80.1% in 3 d and was 10% higher than that by original strain. The mutant was generated for ten times on the tube medium containing methamidophs and showed that the degradative capacity was stable.


Involving parents of high-risk youth in community-based intervention programs is extremely challenging. This article presents six groups of strategies for recruiting and retaining parents of high-risk youth in a parent involvement program called the Family Advocacy Network (FAN Club). The FAN Club program accompanied a drug prevention program for the parents' early adolescent children who were members of Boys & Girls Clubs. Strategies presented are based on a longitudinal study that found positive program effects for youth in Boys & Girls Clubs that offered the FAN Club with the three-year youth drug prevention program and monthly youth activities. Strategies are: (1) identify the right person to lead the program; (2) clearly convey the purpose of the program; (3) build relationships of mutual trust, respect, and equality; (4) create parent ownership and group bonding; (5) provide easy access, incentives, and reminders; and (6) be flexible but persistent. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


The number of clusters with no free ends C(n) is enumerated up to 21 bonds on a square lattice for bond dilution. The exponent nu governing the growth of the radius of gyration of the cluster is also calculated. It is found that C(n) approximately n-0.56 3.15 and nu =0.54+or-0.01.


Topic Plan 1a Discussion of the meaning of sound What is sound? How do we use it? Which senses are involved? How would it feel to be deprived of sound stimuli? Have all life forms a sense of hearing? Are some better than others? Could we do some experiments to test whether live things can hear or not? How many different ways of making sounds can we think of? Can we use our own bodies? Can we use other things? What things? Can other than humans or live things produce sound? eg wind, rain, thunder, fIre, water, earthquake, volcanos. Man-made artifacts such as windmills, engines, sirens, radio receivers, computers, clocks and infInitum! and so to music or sound for pleasure.


A design algorithm is derived for calculating the minimum allowable electrical clearances in alternating and direct current "permissible" equipment, which are authorized to operate in gassy mines and tunnels under Part 18 of Title 30, Code of Federal Regulations. The calculated clearances apply to operations at altitudes ranging up to 12000 ft (3658 m) above sea level. The minimum allowable clearance values are tabulated for typical nominal mining machine voltages and maximum operating temperatures within explosion-proof enclosures. An equation is provided for increasing the clearances when the listed maximum temperatures are exceeded. >


Significance Circadian clocks adapt us to our rhythmic world, setting the tempo to our lives. Their disruption (e.g., by shiftwork) therefore carries a severe cost in health. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is the principal brain clock of mammals, its time keeping pivoting around a delayed negative feedback loop of gene and protein expression. By using "translational switching" as a means to reversibly control the expression of the negative feedback regulator Cryptochrome 1 (CRY1) in SCN organotypic slices, we show that acute changes in the level of CRY1 define circadian time. We thereby bridge theoretical and biochemical perspectives of the SCN clockwork.


The discovery by R.D. Mendlin in 1972 of an exact solution of the three-dimensional equations of piezoelectromagnetism is discussed. It led to the prediction of electromagnetic radiation from a rotated Y-cut quartz plate vibrating in simple thickness shear. The solution resolved a contradiction that arose in connection with lateral field excitation of plates and their representation by electrical equivalent networks. Mindlin's solution to the problem of coupled elastic and electromagnetic fields is sketched, for rotated Y-cuts of quartz, and some additional results are presented.<<ETX>>


Extending Teece's landmark 1986 article, we consider how innovators benefit from value appropriation and creation. We elaborate on value appropriation, first by pointing out the importance of "industry architectures", i.e. sector-wide templates that circumscribe the division of labor; and second, by treating complementarity and factor mobility as distinctive components of cospecialization. This allows us to qualify Teece's prediction, by positing that firms can create an "architectural advantage" in terms of high levels of value appropriation without the need to engage in vertical integration. Such architectural advantage comes about when firms can enhance both complementarity and mobility in parts of the value chain where they are not active. We then elaborate on value creation by indicating how actors can benefit from investing in assets that appreciate because of innovation, which suggests that firms can benefit from encouraging imitation while investing in complementary assets. We also consider how investment in complementary assets changes the scope of the firm and thereby the development of capabilities that support future innovation. Finally, we provide an integrative guide that explains how firms should manage their position along the value chain to capture returns from innovation, thus extending and qualifying Teece's (1986) original predictions and prescriptions.


The results of development and optimization of the working medium of ecological pure radiator working in the range of 130 - 190 nm are presented in this paper. A decaying discharge of a constant current in the quartz or sapphire tube with an interelectrode distance of 50 mm was used for pumping. As working media the mixtures He(Ar, Kr, Xe)/H2O were used. It was shown that by falling the pressure on discharge interval Uch equals 800 - 1700 V, in discharge current Ich equals 5 - 50 mA and partial pressure of water vapor P(H2O) Atomic and Molecular Pulsed Lasers AMP 253 2001-09-10|2001-09-14 International Conference on Atomic and Molecular Pulsed Lasers IV AMP01 450571 Tomsk, Russian Federation International Conference on Atomic and Molecular Pulsed Lasers IV 4747 Incoherent UV and VUV Sources and Laser Output Conversion 6


The aim of the research was to evaluate the effects of glycyl-glutamine and taurine on the intestinal absorption in early weaned piglets. With 28-day-old Duroc×Landrace-Yorkshire weaned piglets as research objects,the effects of the glycyl-glutamine and taurine on the Pr,Ca,P,OM and D-Xylose of weaned piglets through digesting experiment. Compared with group CT ,Xylose absorption (P0.01) after 11 days of weaning and digestibility of Ca and P (P0.01) were significantly increased in Gly-Gln group, Tau group and G+T group. Digestibility of CP,DM,OM were increased, but there was no significant difference (P0.05). In Tau group, digestibility of CP were very significantly increased (P0.01). Digestibility of DM and OM were significantly increased (P0.05). In of G+T group, digestibility of DM significantly increased (P0.05). Digestibility of CP,OM were increased (P0.05), but were not significantly.Separately adding 0.25% Gly-Gln or 0.1% Tau group was able to efficiently improve the intestinal absorption


Building a decentralised water information portal is a promising solution in terms of commitment of developing countries, system sustainability and better knowledge of end-users needs. In this context, the experience of the Euro-Mediterranean Information System on KnowHow in the Water Sector –EMWISis significant in terms of organisation and technical architecture. Today, Internet technologies and associated standards offer unique opportunities to build in flexible integrated systems able to collect dynamically information from peer systems. International efforts should concentrate on protocols and water information structures to efficiently use and share information and knowledge. INTRODUCTION To be effective any new initiative in the field of water management requires very good knowledge on the institutional framework, the stakeholders, existing programs, techniques and methods used, available tools and documentation, results of research, training opportunities, etc. In most of the cases, the information is only available, at either international or national level, in a fragmented, dispersed and heterogeneous way. Therefore it is necessary to make an effort to rationalize and make this information readable, easily accessible and available. To tackle this issue and to strengthen the Euro-Mediterranean dialogue, the EMWIS (EuroMediterranean Information System on Know-How in the Water Sector) has been initiated during the Marseilles Euro-Mediterranean Ministerial Conference on Water Management (November 1996). After a feasibility study and the creation of a European Economic Interest Group for operating the EMWIS Technical Unit, the implementation phase started in late 1999. EMWIS aims to: 1 Manager, EMWIS Technical Unit, B.P.23 06901 Sophia Antipolis, France. Tel: +33 492 94 22 90; Fax: +33 492 94 22 90;E-mail: email@example.com; Web site: http://www.emwis.org or www.semide.org


The physiological effect of insoluble fibers may change with diet composition. The present study aimed to determine the difference in the physiological responses of broiler chickens fed diet incorporated with rice hulls in different ways. Two hundred and forty broiler chicks at two-days old were randomly placed in 30 cages and fed: control diet (based on corn-soybean) (CO), rice hull supplementation diet (CO + 4% of rice hulls) (RS), and rice hull inclusion diet (inclusion of 4% rice hulls in diet) (RI). The significant effects were mostly found in the starter phase. The RI increased ADG (P<0.05) but reduced empty ceca weight (P<0.05) in comparison to CO and RS. The RS increased the jejunal crypt depth (P<0.05) and reduced the small intestinal content (P<0.05). Birds fed RS and RI had higher villus height (P<0.05) and thicker jejunal mucosa (P<0.05) than those fed the CO. In the finisher phase, birds fed the RS had the narrower width of the upper and lower jejunal villi than the others. Supplementation or inclusion of insoluble fiber in the diet will lead to different physiological responses due to changes in diet composition.


Wild Oryza species compose an important germplasm pool of high level genetic diversity and a number of economically important genes. However, most wild Oryza species prove recalcitrant in tissue and cell culture, which is an obstacle to the genetic manipulation of the valuable germplasm. Recently, we cultured the young panicles of wild rice on different media and confirmed that the young panicles of wild rice have two development tendencies: dedifferentiation and redifferentiation. In both cases, green plantlet regenerations with high frequency were obtained for some species.


Black holes may be produced from false-vacuum bubble implosions at the end of the quantum chromodynamics phase transition. Evaporation of these black holes during the keV era readjusts the abundances of light nuclei. An appropriate mass distribution of black holes gives nuclear abundances broadly consistent with observations even for {Omega}{sub {ital B}}=1, reconciling a critical baryonic universe with standard-model particle physics.


The study of the interactions between dissolved Mo(VI) or W(VI) species and the surfaces of metal (hydr)oxides is relevant for two main areas: the optimization of the preparation of catalytic supports and the understanding of the environmental fate of these elements. For the latter, iron (hydr)oxides are the most important sinks for pollutants, and recently, their surface reactivity was the focus of many research works. In this work, we develop a joint approach, using in situ infrared spectroscopy and DFT simulations, to characterize the Mo(VI) and W(VI) species adsorbed on hematite (α-Fe2O3). Surface sorbed polymers of tungstate and molybdate on hematite were identified for low pH and at high concentration of these elements, which is similar to the formation of polyoxometalates in solution phase. However, the surface speciation is different from the adsorption of polymolybdate or polytungstate already formed in solution and should be consistent with the growth of a surface polymer. For low concentrations...


This paper examines the four mechanisms and effects of FDI innovation in China and domestic enterprise's innovation for 16 manufacturing industries.The results suggest only human capital channel can produce positive spillovers for domestic enterprise,meanwhile background of vertical spillover would be stronger than forward spillover.In all,innovations of MNCs have negative effect on innovation of host country.At last, according to the factor intenseness,market concentration,export interdependency,each industry in China has different effect on domestic enterprise.