Objective:
 To assess the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics on orthodontic patients aged 12 to 18 years. Materials and methods:
 A total of 140 patients between the age of 12 and 18 years, treated with fixed orthodontic appliance at the Department of Orthodontics in Dental polyclinic in Split, participated in this study. To determine the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics in orthodontic patients, the PIDAQ questionnaire was used. Results:
 Out of the total number of participants in this study (140), 78 (55,7%) were female and 62 (44,3%) were male. Most of the subjects, both female and male, were at the age of 18 (25,7%), and least of them were at the age of 12 years (6,4%). Most of the participants (65,7%) had the diagnosis number 7 (tooth dystopia > 3 mm). Psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics is higher in female subjects than in male subjects in all the PIDAQ categories (dental self-confidence, social impact, psychological impact, aesthetic concern) and in total PIDAQ score. There is no correlation between the diagnosis of orthodontic anomalies and the categories of PIDAQ, and no correlation between the diagnosis of orthodontic anomalies and the summed PIDAQ score.
 Conclusion:
 Dental aesthetics has a significant psychosocial impact on orthodontic patients aged 12 to 18 years. Psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics is higher in female subjects. There is no correlation between the summed PIDAQ score and the diagnosis of orthodontic anomalies.


We investigate relaxation dynamics in a series of six-arm star/linear 1,4-polybutadiene blends with mechanical rheometry measurements. Blend systems are formulated to systematically probe constraint release and arm relaxation dynamics. Zero shear viscosity and terminal relaxation times of star/linear polymer blends with fixed star arm molecular weights (M a ) and compositions (o S ) are found to follow nonmonotonic dependencies on the linear polymer molecular weight (M L ). At low values of o S , at least two scaling regimes are apparent from the data (ξ 0 ∼ M 2 L and ξ 0 ∼ M 3 L ), where ξ 0 refers to the zero shear viscosity or terminal relaxation time of the blend. The two regimes are separated by a critical linear polymer molecular weight M ** C that is more than 20 times larger than the critical molecular weight for entanglements. When the linear polymer contribution to blend properties is removed, a clear transition from dilution dynamics, ξ 0 ∼ M 0 L , to Rouse-like constraint-release dynamics, ξ 0 ∼ M 2,4+ L 0,4 , is apparent at low values of o S , At higher o S values, a new activated constraint-release dynamic regime is evident in which ξ 0 ∼ M α L and ξ 0 ∼ o β S , where α changes continuously from approximately 2 to 0.5 as o S increases and β varies from 2.0 to 1.0 as M L increases. The experimental results are compared with theoretical predictions based on a drag coupling model for entangled polymer liquids. All features observed experimentally are captured by this model, including the value of M ** C for the transition from dilution to Rouse constraint-release dynamics. Predictions of the drag coupling model are also compared with published data for the zero shear viscosity and terminal relaxation time in bidisperse linear polymer blends and pure entangled starlike molecules.


Abstract 3845 Patients with ET eventually transform into Post- ET MF. The underlying mechanism of the transformation is still unknown. Megakaryocytes play an important role in the pathogenesis of bone marrow fibrosis in MF; ET and Post-ET MF also are characterized by abnormal megakaryocytic proliferation. Therefore we have performed microarray analysis of gene expression profiles to compare megakaryocytes derived from patients with Post-ET MF to ET. CD 34+ cells were obtained from peripheral blood, then cultured with Serum-Free Medium of stem cell factor (100 ng/mL) and thrombopoietin (TPO 100 ng/mL). Megakaryocytes (MK) were obtained by MACS selection of CD 61+ cells after 10 days culture. MK from two pooled ET-MF and a pooled from eight ET patients were extracted into RNA then converted to cDNA and amplified by PCR, followed by hybridization to an oligonucleotide microchip in PhalanxBio Inc. (Palo Alto, Ca). Gene expression levels in MK cells from ET-MF patients expressed in threshold cycle (CT) values were validated by statistical analysis of replicates and normalized to that from pooled ET patients to generate fold-change and statistical relevance. The resulting signal log ratios (SLRs) were used to classify the expressed genes into various groups according to its graded values. The results of post-ET MF compared with ET were as follows: 1) with analysis of 4544 genes, SLR 1, 2) in apoptosis genes, over expressed genes were IGF-1R, CFLAR, NFKBA,(GLR between 1–1.5) down-regulated genes were BAX, LGALSI, PPPIR 15A, CASP3 (GLR between -0.5 to -0.1), 3) in cell cycle controlling genes, over expressed were IL8, INSIG1, IGF-1R, BCL3(GLR between 1 to 1.5), down-regulated were PPPIR15A (GLR= -0.7). 4) in megakaryocyte-important development genes, growth factor genes including PDGF A, C were up-regulated (GLR=1.8), and VEG B was down-regulated (GLR= -1. 4):; growth factor receptor genes including IL1R 1and 2, CXCR4, IL8, PF4 were up-regulated (GLR between 1–2), IL3RA, KIT were down-regulated (GLR between -1.6 to -3); cell cycle regulator genes including CCND1, 3, RASGRP3 were up-regulated (GLR between 1 to 2.5), CDK4 was down-regulated (GLR = -1); transcription regulators including CEBPE, CEBPG were up-regulated (GLR-1.5); all Signal transducers including all STAT 1–5, MAK14 were up-regulated (GLR between 1.5 to 2.4). There are 20 up-regulated genes and 20 down-regulated genes which need further analysis for their function. These analyses of MK genes comparison between Post ET-MF and ET suggest that many anti-apoptosis, cell cycle regulator genes, growth factor genes, growth factor receptor genes and all of the signal transducer genes for the MK development genes were up-regulated while many of the pro-apoptosis genes were down-regulated. These gene changes found in the present study, when transformation of ET into post-ET MF occurs will be important for understanding this disease process and target therapy may be emerged. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


The article examines the identity formation process of the city's student youth in the 1960 ' s and 1980 ' s through the prism of periodicals of Kharkiv higher educational institutions. The relevance of the work lies in the fact that the study of problems related to the process of identification in the Ukrainian SSR can shed light on the causes of the collapse of the Soviet system. The source base of the research is made up of newspapers of higher educational institutions of the city: «Kharkivsky universytet», «Leninski kadry», «Avtodoroznyk», «Za radianskoho likara», «Za aviakadry», «Znannia». The purpose of the research is to conduct an analysis of verbal and visual images in the periodical publications of Kharkov universities, which were used to actualize the Soviet (neo-imperial) and Ukrainian identities and to determine the relationship between them. By analyzing the visual and verbal images that could be used to form an identity among the student population, it was established that the Ukrainian language was constantly present on the pages of the mentioned newspapers, with the exception of one. But the role of the Ukrainian language was reduced to a simple means of relaying Soviet values. Active use of epithets with a pronounced statist tone is indicated. First of all, we are talking about the epithet «soviet», which was often used together with the words «student», «state», «Ukraine». In its propaganda, the communist authorities used images that were supposed to prove to Ukrainians the organicity of the Soviet value model and the irrevocability of the Marxist-Leninist vision of the history of the peoples of the USSR. Thus, as part of the formation of a «new historical community», the Soviet authorities tried to create a supranational universal identity, in which the Soviet-Russian component would be a parasite on the Ukrainian substratum, and the Ukrainian subject was reduced to the ethnographic level.


Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) degradation prediction is essential especially in transportation applications, since one of the major issues that hinder its worldwide commercialization is represented by its durability. However, due to the complex physical phenomena inside the fuel cell, which are usually strongly inter-coupled, the conventional semi-empirical model-based prognostics approach may fail to predict the aging phenomena under various fuel cell operating conditions. In order to improve prognostics accuracy, this paper proposed a data-fusion approach to forecast the fuel cell performance based on long short-term memory (LSTM) recurrent neuron network (RNN) and auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) method. LSTM can efficiently make a prediction regarding long-term physical degradation, whereas the fusion with ARIMA can effectively track the degradation tendency. In order to validate the performance of the proposed data-fusion approach, two different PEMFCs are tested for recording the aging experimental datasets. The forecasting results indicate that the proposed LSTM-ARIMA approach can accurately predict PEMFC degradation, which can be then used directly to optimize fuel cell performance implemented in transportation applications.


The CN (BΣ+2-XΣ+2) molecular emission spectrum is used to measure both the vibrational and rotational temperatures in atmospheric pressure arc jet discharges. The vibrational and rotational temperature effects on the synthetic diatomic molecular spectra were investigated from the (v′,v″)=(0,0) band to the (5,5) band. The temperatures obtained from the synthetic spectra compared with the experimental result of a low-frequency arc discharge show a vibrational temperature of (4250–5010)K and a rotational temperature of (3760–3980)K for the input power in the range of (80–280)W. As the (0,0) band is isolated from other vibrational transition bands, determination of the rotational temperature is possible based only on the (0,0) band, which simplifies the temperature measurement. From the result, it was found that the CN molecular spectrum can be used as a thermometer for atmospheric pressure plasmas containing carbon and nitrogen.


This article aims to analyze the characteristic features of gender order and hegemonic masculinity in post- Soviet Russia in the context of the ongoing globalization trends and the new gender reality faced by post-Soviet Russia. The current globalization process, particularly its neoliberal form is mainly accompanied by the appearance of 'global hegemonic masculinity' ? so called 'transnational business masculinity'. It should be noted that the phenomenon of globalization is also associated with the emergence of the reactionary masculinity movements or anti-hegemonic masculinity movements around the world. With the introduction of market economy system, gender order in post-Soviet Russia could be characterized primarily by its increasing commercialism. At the same time gender order in the new Russian society is permeated with the influence of past Soviet and old traditional gender values and consciousness. Under the conditions of these global trends and Russian gender order, hegemonic masculinity in post-Soviet Russia could be represented by 'careerist masculinity' model. Although this type of hegemonic masculinity has a lot of new contents and characteristics, its core is still comprised of a strong orientation towards the acquirement, maintenance and reinforcement of the male dominance in the society.


This study was conducted to evaluate the applicability of microfiltration in treating effluent coming from beamhouse section of tannery. Two tubular ceramic membranes were tested: A Zirconia ZrO2 membrane (M1) deposited on a macroporous support made from Cordierite and a commercial Alumina membrane (M2). The pore diameter of microfiltration layer is 0.23 µm for the first membrane (M1) and 0.2 µm for the second (M2). The average membrane permeabilities determined using pure distilled water are 1136 l/h.m².bar and 1033 l/h.m².bar, respectively. Microfiltration using Cordierite/ZrO2 membrane proved to be effective in removing the turbidity and the dark colour of the effluent and in reducing COD and TKN with almost the same efficiencies than that obtained with Alumina membrane: Tangential microfiltration process was seen to remove turbidity from the feed completely; the removal percentage of suspended solids from the effluent is between 98.5 and 100%. This technique operated at lower pressure (1 bar) showed significant reduction of COD (60-65%) and TKN (57-59%). The filtration's effect on conductivity was negligible. The combination of microfiltration with other techniques should be carried out to achieve the treatment.


In the numerical simulation of flows in a nozzle,how to capture shock wave is always drawn attention to.By second-Godunov-type PLM and adaptive unstructured grids,Euler equations were solved;at the same time,the propa- gation and development of transient shock in a nozzle were investigated.The numerical solution illustrates the concerned characters and information of transient shock wave well.So it is feasible to calculate flows in a nozzle with adaptive un- structured grids and PLM.


The sentence as a field of relations Before starting a discussion of the problems of FSP, the question must be answered of how to interpret the relation between the semantic contents and the semantic ties interlinking them within the sentence on the one hand, and the grammatical (syntactic) structure of the sentence on the other; and of how to interpret the relation of this semantic and grammatical complex to FSP. In my approach I have adopted the following assessment of these interrelations. The communicative needs of the speaker are satisfied through a twofold process: elements of thought – reflecting the extralinguistic reality, concrete or abstract – are denominated by naming units, which are combined to produce sentences. The former process consists in selecting – or if need be, in coining – naming units (and is covered by Mathesius' functional onomatology; see Mathesius 1975); the latter consists in syntactic structuration (and is covered by Mathesius' functional syntax; see ibid.). Either process involves meaning and form. This may be obvious in regard to the onomatological process, but perhaps less so in regard to the process of syntactic structuration. But the latter does not merely combine forms: as has been emphasized by Reichling (1961: 1) and subscribed to by Dane (1968: 55), syntactic structuration effects a semantic connection, i.e. a connection of meanings. In this way syntactic structure (and grammatical structure in general) is ultimately rooted in meaning (Poldauf 1954). Trost speaks of grammatical structuration effected on a semantic basis (Trost 1962: 268; in Sgall's translation, semantically grounded grammatical articulation; Trost 1987: 147).


The gap between the Yin and Yang rotor and the box body of the twin screw expander is small. In order to avoid the resonance phenomenon in the working process affecting the fitting precision between the structures, this paper analyzes the natural frequency of the main box structure of the screw expander. Through simulation analysis, the first four vibration patterns of the main box and their corresponding natural frequencies are obtained, and the changes of its dangerous speed between 44374 86622 r/min are analyzed. It is found that the natural frequency of the main box of twin-screw expander avoids the input frequency range effectively, the results of which can provide references for modal analysis of box-like mechanical structures.


Objective To analyse the merits and defects of correcting serious congenital blepharoptosis by frontalis aponeurosis flap suspension and banked fascia flap suspension.Methods 87 eyes of 66 cases with serious congenital blepharoptosis underwent operations.45 eyes of 30 cases underwent surgery of frontalis aponeurosis flap suspension.42 eyes of 36 cases underwent the surgery of banked fascia flap suspension.The results of corrected blepharoptosis,arc of upper eyelid,double-fold eyelid and exposure keratitis were analysed.Results The surgery of frontalis aponeurosis flap suspension had low recurrence and good outcoms.The surgery of banked fascia flap suspension had better double-fold eyelid,but had higher recurrence.Conclusions The surgery of frontalis aponeurosis flap suspension and banked fascia flap suspension are both effective methods in correcting serious congenital blepharoptosis.The effect of frontalis aponeurosis flap suspension is reliable and need not special meaterial.


The invention relates to a composite for production of an acoustic membrane, wherein the composite comprises an internal carrier layer and at least two adhesive layers on the two surfaces of the carrier layer, and wherein the carrier layer is a layer of a polyaryl ether ketone film; and also to a corresponding membrane for acoustic transducers.


Plethora of researches is conducted to ascertain influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR)on financial performance(FP) of firms, and results vary widely. The reason for such varied findings may be due to erroneous analysis or because of insignificant controlled variables considered for current study.Weintend to explore the relationship between CSR and financial performance in the Indian banking sector. Data have been gatheredfrom 8 banks, for period of 10 years (2009-2018). The result indicates negative impact of CSR on profitability and no impact on the Earning per Share.


Remote sensing is becoming a discipline in its own right, with its own literature, its own learned journals, its own conferences. The recent growth is largely a result of the Landsat series of satellites which have been producing images of the earth'surface in a number of optical spectral bahds in such profusion that the sheer quantity of data is almost an embaressrnent. However in spite of this cornucopia of data there are still large areas of the earth's surface which don't get reliable repetitive coverage. For example good cloudfree imagies of Holland are rare. This problem can be solved by using microwave instruments.


Although designed for velocity measurements, acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) are being widely used to monitor suspended particulate matter in rivers and in marine environments. To quantify mass concentrations of suspended matter, ADCP backscatter is generally calibrated with in situ measurements. ADCP backscatter calibrations are often highly site specific and season dependent, which is typically attributed to the sensitivity of the acoustic response to the number of scatterers and their size. Besides being a joint function of the concentration and the size of the scatterers, the acoustic backscatter can be heavily affected by the attenuation due to suspended matter along the two‐way path to the target volume. Our aim is to show that accounting for sound attenuation in ADCP backscatter calibrations may broaden the range of application of ADCPs in natural environments. The trade‐off between the applicability and the accuracy of a certain calibration depends on the variation in size distribution and concentration along the sound path. We propose a simple approach to derive the attenuation constant per unit concentration or specific attenuation, based on two water samples collected along the sound path of the ADCP. A single calibration was successfully applied at five locations along the River Mahakam, located up to 200 km apart. ADCP‐derived estimates of suspended mass concentration were shown to be unbiased, even far away from the transducer.


Preface Chronology Life and Career The Plays: Summaries, Productions, and Critical Overviews The Stage Plays Adam, Lilith, and Eve (1950) Anne of the Thousand Days (1948) The Bad Seed (1957) Barefoot in Athens (1951) Benvenuto (1922) Both Your Houses (1933) The Buccaneer (with Laurence Stallings, 1925) Candle in the Wind (1941) Cavalier King (1952) Chicot the King (1926) The Day the Money Stopped (with Brendan Gill, 1957) Elizabeth the Queen (1930) The Eve of St. Mark (1942) First Flight (with Laurence Stallings, 1925) Gods of the Lightning (with Harold Hickerson, 1928) The Golden Six (1958) Gypsy (1927) Hell on Wheels (with Douglas Moore and Jack Niles, 1928) High Tor (1937) Joan of Lorraine (1946) Journey to Jerusalem (1940) Key Largo (1939) Knickerbocker Holiday (with Kurt Weill, 1938) Letter to Jackie (1943) Lost in the Stars (with Kurt Weill, 1949) Madonna and Child (1956) The Marriage Recipe (c.1927) Mary of Scotland (1933) The Masque of Kings (1937) The Masque of Pedagogues (1911) The Masque of Queens (1954) Meeting in Africa (c.1943) Night over Taos (1932) Outside Looking In (1925) The Princess Renegade (1932) Raft on the River (with Kurt Weill, 1950) Richard and Anne (1955) Saturday's Children (1927) Sea-Wife (1924) The Star-Wagon (1937) Storm Operation (1944) Truckline Cafe (1946) Ulysses Africanus (1945) Valley Forge (1934) What Price Glory? (with Laurence Stallings, 1924) White Desert (1923) The Wingless Victory (1936) Winterset (1935) The Radio Plays The Bastion Saint-Gervais (1938) The Feast of Ortolans (1937) From Reveille to Breakfast (1942) John Keats and America (1941) The Miracle of the Danube (1941) Second Overture (1938?) Your Navy (with Kurt Weill, 1942) Televison Play The Christmas Carol (1954) Primary Bibliography: Writings by Anderson Plays Theatre Criticism Articles and Essays in Books, Periodicals, and Newspapers Archival Sources Secondary Bibliography: Reviews Secondary Bibliography: Books, Articles, Sections Author Index General Index


The term "lifetime employment" first appeared in a Japanese translation of a 1958 book by James Abegglen.1 Once the term "lifetime employment" was coined, it went beyond the world of the social sciences; it instantly spread throughout society via journalism, becoming a permanent fixture in the language. The idea that Japanese corporations practice lifetime employment started to be thought of as a given in Japanese society.


The development and publication of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) produced a peak in mainstream media interest in psychiatry, and a large and generally critical set of scientific commentaries. The coverage has focused mainly on the expansion of some categories, and loosening of some criteria, which together may lead to more people receiving diagnoses, and accompanying accusations of the medicalisation of normal living. Instructions given to members of DSM-5 work groups appear to have encouraged this.1 This has not been the only source of disquiet. The influence of the pharmaceutical industry on the members of the appointees to DSM diagnostic work groups, which constructed the new rubrics, has caused concern,2 as remuneration and insurance coverage in the USA depends partly on DSM diagnosis, and the pharmaceutical industry has been accused of encouraging the development of new diagnoses as a way to increase profitability.3 Societal impact has been an explicit part of the development of DSM-5, as outlined in the article in this issue.4 Reasons for decisions by DSM-5 workgroups have included enabling sufferers to receive treatment which would not be available without a DSM diagnosis (a local US concern), or …


Diploma thesis deals with addiction on drugs, alcohol and tobacco of young people. The most important factors, specifics and addictions on addictive substances creation cause as well as therapy possibilities and prevention in this area are described in this work. An im-portant part of the thesis is a treatise about alcohol and tobacco, drugs that represent signi-ficant risk for young people, and which underestimated and very often tolerated by society. Research in practical part of the work is focused of differences detection in attitudes towards addictive substances among young people from village and young people from town and identifying the differencies in attitudes towards those substances of various secondary school students in Zlin.


Thephenomenon that molten pig iron containing titanium swelled and drooped whenheated in levitation melting wasobserved. To clarify the mechanismof the phenomena,various iron containing carbon, titanium and nitrogen wasmelted under argon or nitorgen. Swelling phenomenonis caused by nitrogen gas evolved by decomposition of titanium compoundin molten iron. Drooping phenomenonis caused by decrease in surface tension of molten iron by rapid nitrogen absorption. These phenomenawere considered to relate with various troubles in blast furnace operation occurred at a heavy charge of titania-contained ore.


This paper defines a new approach for augmenting human intelligence with AI for optimal goal solving. Our proposed AI, Indigo, is an acronym for Informed Numerical Decision-making through Iterative Goal-Oriented optimization. When combined with a human collaborator, we term the joint system IndigoVX, for Virtual eXpert. The system is conceptually simple. We envisage this method being applied to games or business strategies, with the human providing strategic context and the AI offering optimal, data-driven moves. Indigo operates through an iterative feedback loop, harnessing the human expert's contextual knowledge and the AI's data-driven insights to craft and refine strategies towards a well-defined goal. Using a quantified three-score schema, this hybridization allows the combined team to evaluate strategies and refine their plan, while adapting to challenges and changes in real-time.


The reformers saw their actions as the solution. In the WCTU, they borrowed ideas and symbols from abolitionists, as well as from the progressives. To eradicate sexual slavery they fought for gender equality through programs such as living wage, 8-hour workday, a marriage of equals, and the ballot. In Chicago, reformers such as Addams criticized the corrupt culture of capitalism, while the more conservative segment advocated sexual purity and racial segregation. In San Francisco, the reformers' solution was cultural assimilation through teaching Christianity and White Victorian femininity. Reformers implicitly constructed race through their anti-vice campaigns. Organizational environments supported the campaigns, and racial hierarchies were built through reformers' narrative construction of the problem, its causes, and its solutions. The reader may notice some weaknesses in the book, such as minimal primary data, weak coverage of the historical context, or the minute discussion devoted to how reformers' ideas were received. Despite minor shortcomings, this interesting book deserves wide readership.


This paper presents a novel fabrication technique to create submicrometer-scale liquid metal (eutectic gallium-indium alloy, EGaIn) thin-film patterns for all-soft electronic devices. The proposed hybrid lithography process combines electron-beam lithography with soft lithography and enables high resolution and high density all-soft electronic passive components and microelectrode arrays. For the first time, submicrometer-scale EGaIn thin film patterning with feature sizes as small as 375 nm is demonstrated. Thanks to the intrinsic softness of EGaIn, the fabricated devices can endure mechanical strain >30%, while maintaining electrical functionality.


The electrohydrodynamic Kelvin–Helmholtz instability conditions of an interface separating two dielectric streaming fluids, stressed by a normal electric field in absence of surface charges on the ...


Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular tumor of childhood. Vision salvage rates in advanced cases are less than ideal, and the optimal treatment for intraocular retinoblastoma has not been established. We report the results of an institutional retinoblastoma treatment trial to determine the vision salvage rates and toxicity of a regimen combining carboplatin and etoposide with focal retinal therapy.


Abstract Education is of importance in improving the living conditions of citizens all over the world. It is the only tool for individuals and states' sustainable development. Educated nations contribute towards development of their states. Therefore, it is necessary for the states to offer quality education to its citizenry. The question which arises mostly is who should get involved in education. Community leaders and members, educators, parents and other stakeholders blame governments when education is of poor quality. It is, therefore, government which is ridiculed when education systems collapse. Quality education is the key towards individuals and state development, therefore everyone should be part of or involved in the provision of quality education. This conceptual paper, through involvement of different stakeholders in Singapore and the United States (US), would like to add a voice for South Africa and point out who are these stakeholders, and their roles and functions in the provision of quality education. The present paper also outlines the way in which all stakeholders are involved in the provision of quality education in Singapore and US and lessons for South Africa learn from these two countries.


Myclobutanil racemate was separated using HPLC and its pure enantiomers were prepared.Bioactivity of the racemate and pure enantiomers on Physalospora piricola,Gibberella zeae,Alternaria kukuchianaand Alternaria solani was tested by growth rate method to compare the difference of fungicidal activity betweenenantiomers.[Results]For P.piricola,EC50of(+)-enantiomer and(-)-enantiomer is 2.6441,8.6927 mg/L,respectively.For G.zeae,EC50is 0.7381,4.4157 mg/L,respectively.For A.kukuchiana,EC50is 8.7899,20.7744 mg/L,respectively.For A.solani,EC50is 5.3120,12.8365 mg/L,respectively.[Conclusions]Antifungicidal activity of(+)-myclobutanil is obviously superior to(-)-myclobutanil.


Based on the axiological analysis of the works of Neil Sorsky and Innokenty Komelsky, the values of the Svyatogorsk (Athos) cultural tradition in Russia are highlighted. Its specific values are self-preservation, new beginning, middle way, sociable life, inner work.


Analyzes and researches on multi-degrees-of-freedom motion control system,puts forward a distributed control framework,which takes DSP as a core and CAN bus as communication standard,two different design schemes are given according to different conditions.Design of system and control flow chart are introduced detailedly in this article,the correlative experimentions have been done on multi-degrees-of-freedom worktable,and the results show the control requirement of system application is achieved basically.


A Box-Behnken response surface methodology was adopted to optimize the technical conditions of explosion puffing drying for Agaricus bisporus based on the single factor experiment.The effects of moisture content(X1),thicknesses of sliced(X2),microwave power(X3) of the three factors and using fuzzy evaluation method based on expansion ratios,hardness,fracture,sense quality and chewiness,and high index was obtained.The results indicated that the optimal technical conditions were obtained as follows: microwave power of 360 W,the thickness of Agaricus bisporus chips was 10 mm and the moisture content of 36.6 %.The expansion ratio,hardness,fracture,sense quality and chewiness reached maximum of 206 %,2.72 N,2.46 N,9.5 and 0.56 mJ,respectively.The index of good effect was obtained for 0.989 4 based on comprehensive evaluation.


cell proliferation. Errors in DNA metabolism such as incomplete DNA repair and inappropriate recombination are known to contribute to human cancer (de Klein et al. 1982; Leach et al. 1993; Parsons et al. 1993). We are interested in determining the tumorigenic effects of errors in the microtubule-based processes that physically separate chromosomes during mitosis, a process we refer to as chromosome segregation. The idea that inaccurate segregation promotes cancer is not new. The vast majority of tumor cells are aneuploid (Hartwell and Kastan 1994) and many colorectal cancer cells, when grown in vitro, are characterized by unstable chromosome number (Lengauer et al. 1997). One way that chromosome instability may contribute to cancer is by increasing the frequency at which recessive mutations in tumor suppressor genes are uncovered. Despite the appeal of this idea, it has as yet little experimental support, in part because the molecular mechanisms of chromosome segregation are much less well understood than those of DNA metabolism. Mechanistically, we can distinguish several different ways in which chromosome number can be altered, including re-replication without mitosis, failure to assemble a bipolar spindle, and incomplete chromosome-microtubule attachment. We are particularly interested in the latter, because it is monitored by a spindle checkpoint that appears to have a critical role in linking chromosome movement to the Cdc2-driven cell cycle (Hoyt et al. 1991; Li and Murray 1991; Rieder et al. 1994). This mitotic surveillance system is sensitive to the state of chromosome-microtubule linkage and functions to prevent the initiation of anaphase if even a single chromosome has failed to achieve correct bivalent linkage to the spindle (Li and Nicklas 1995; Rieder et al. 1995). Mutations in spindle checkpoint components are known to cause chromosome instability in a variety of organisms (Bernard et al. 1998; Basu et al. 1999; Kitagawa and Rose 1999; Dobles et al. 2000), and they have been found in at least some human tumors (Cahill et al. 1998). Because spindle checkpoint proteins mediate the response of cells to antimicrotubule drugs, their deletion also makes cells hypersensitive to drugs that interfere with microtubule function, drugs that include the important human chemotherapeutics paclitaxel and the vinca alkaloids. Our current research is focused on trying to understand the connections between spindle checkpoint proteins, chromosome instability, and oncogenic transformation in mouse and human cells. Despite the obvious molecular differences between the processes that sense and respond to errors in DNA metabolism and errors in chromosome segregation, several lines of evidence suggest that DNA damage and missegregation are linked in cells. First, Drosophila carrying a deletion of the spindle checkpoint gene bub1 accumulate DNA damage and chromosome breaks (Basu et al. 1999). Second, antimicrotubule drugs that interfere with chromosome segregation in mammalian cells induce p53dependent cell cycle arrest that appears to be linked to the accumulation of DNA damage (Lanni and Jacks 1998). Third, mutations in the DNA repair gene Brca2 synergize with mutations in bub1 to transform mouse cells (Lee et al. 1999). These results suggest that lesions in the microtubule-based processes that function during mitosis to move chromosomes cause not only loss or gain of whole chromosomes, but also DNA damage that probably consists of double-strand breaks generated by the physical shearing of DNA. In this paper, we discuss the checkpoint mechanisms in mammalian cells that ensure the accuracy of chromosome segregation by linking chromosome-microtubule attachment to division, and we inquire whether checkpoint mutations have a role in tumor progression, with emphasis on some of our own experiments. We are particularly interested in answers to the following: What are the mechanisms by which cells ensure accurate segregation of chromosomes at mitosis? What mutations in cancer cells give rise to chromosome instability, and is instability tumor-promoting? Are some of the consequences of chromosome missegregation caused by DNA damage?


The paper presents an information system of monitoring of e-learning in the higher education institutions, and intended for complex information and analytical ensuring processes of monitoring of the current level of development of e-learning in higher education institutions and level of their potential readiness for participation in the interuniversity educational projects assuming application of e-learning.


We have searched for anomalous production of missing E T ( 6 E T ), jets, leptons ( e,µ, τ ), b -quarks, or additional photons in events containing two isolated, central ( | η | < 1 . 0) photons with E T > 12 GeV. The results are consistent with standard model expectations, with the possible exception of one event that has in addition to the two photons a central electron, a high-E T electromagnetic cluster, and large 6 E T . We set limits using two specific SUSY scenarios for production of diphoton events with 6 E T .


The arterial to end‐tidal carbon dioxide tension difference (CO2 gap) correlates with physiologic dead space. The prognostic value of increased CO2 gap in trauma and respiratory distress patients is documented. Transpulmonary arteriovenous shunting is identified as a predictor of mortality in non‐pulmonary sepsis. We set out to investigate the prognostic value of the CO2 gap in a pilot study of patients with suspected sepsis from non‐respiratory causes.


The study of the relation between faults and its syndromes in the signature analysis of computer hardware testing is presented. When an incorrect signature is observed, it is caused by one of many possible error sequences that contains errors at different locations. The characteristics of the error distributions are identified for greater fault coverage. Formal analysis is presented in conjunction with the subject of error-control code. The results provide insights into the use of deterministic test patterns in signature analysis.<<ETX>>


Raw sewage was metered into a newly-constructed lagoon of the Pima County Department of Sanitation, Tucson, Arizona. Seepage losses were calculated from data on inflow, evaporation and change in storage. Water samples were obtained from shallow suction cups, a 40 ft. and a 60 ft. PVC well and a 100 ft. access tube, all located inside the lagoon. Samples from these wells, together with water samples from the lagoon, were examined for conform organisms and various physical and chemical constituents. Of special concern were transformations in nitrogen. Estimated seepage rates in the lagoon during inundation ranged from 0.20 ft. per day to 0.10 ft. per day. Water level observations in wells reflected the percolation of effluent to the water table, 70 ft. below land surface. Initially, the nitrate ion levels in the suction cup samples were high, manifesting the leaching of indigenous soil nitrogen. With the onset of anaerobic conditions at the base of the lagoon, nitrification was inhibited at the soil surface and ammonia became the predominant form of nitrogen in the soil solution. Sorption of ammonium ion appeared to occur on clay particles in a soil zone of high cation exchange capacity. There were no undesirable microbial or chemical effects of recharge from lagoon seepage on native groundwater quality.


Background and Aim:  Contemporary medications used in the treatment of gastric ulcers involve the use of novel mucosal protective drugs. The present study aimed to investigate the gastroprotective effect of ginger extract and polaprezinc in a rat model of acetic acid‐induced gastric ulcer.


Through the vertical milling machine table system in finite element optimization design,finding out the optimum proportion between the table length and the bed saddle length,to meet the minimum deformation and the maximum travel.


The aim of this thesis is to consider the relationship between philosophy and
biography, and the bearing that this relationship has on debates concerning the
nature and function of philosophy. There exists a certain tradition that
conceives philosophy exclusively in terms of rational discourse and as such
explicitly rejects the idea of any substantial relationship between philosophy
and the way in which one lives. I shall argue that the claim that philosophy
cannot have any impact upon biography is often based upon an implicit
conception of philosophy as primarily rational discourse.
In contrast to this I shall draw upon Socratic and Stoic philosophical
resources in order to reconstruct an alternative conception of philosophy as an
art concerned with one's way of life. Central to this conception will be the
relationship between philosophical discourse or argument and philosophical
training or exercise. I shall argue that the ancient claim that philosophy is
primarily expressed in one's behaviour presupposes a conception of
philosophy as an art that involves both rational discourse and training or
exercise as two equally important components. I shall argue that by adopting
this alternative conception of philosophy as a techne it will be possible to
understand properly the relationship between philosophy and biography.
In Part One I shall outline the ancient idea that philosophy is something
expressed in one's life, the Socratic conception of philosophy as an art, the
Stoic development of this conception into an art of living, and some ancient
objections to this Stoic conception. In Part Two I shall examine the
relationship between philosophical discourse and exercises in Stoic
philosophy, focusing upon the neglected concept of philosophical askesis.
Central to this will be the literary form of such exercises and so I shall focus
upon two texts (by Epictetus and Marcus Aurelius) concerned with
philosophical exercises.


The mechanical properties and microstructure of In-Ceram have been investigated. In-Ceram is an alumina-glass composite used for the core of dental crowns produced by infiltrating a glass through a porous alumina skeleton framework. A key property of dental cores besides aesthetic is mechanical strength. The factors affecting strength and microstructure of In-Ceram are discussed in comparison with conventional dental core porcelain. The mean strength of In-Ceram has been found to exceed 600 MPa (ball-on-ring tests), but the variance of the measurements is high, demonstrating the importance of the precise preparation of the composite. The influence of aqueous and acidic environment on strength was also studied. The results indicate that In-Ceram, although sensitive to acetic and aqueous environments, combines a level of strength and toughness which should result in an improved clinical performance. EDX-analysis and dilatometry showed that the composition and thermal expansion of the composite phases, glass phase and alumina particles, contribute to the fracture resistance and strength of the composite


Internal pair conversion from the giant monopole resonances (GMR) could be used to determine the energy of the isoscalar GMR in a hot nucleus, and thus its compressibility. The Stony Brook high efficiency e{sup +} - e{sup {minus}}-pair detector was used to observe electrons-positrons with transition energies {le} 20 MeV from giant resonances in hot {sup 200}Pb produced in the reaction {sup 19}F+{sup 181}Ta at E{sub B}=95 MeV using the Stony Brook LINAC. The internal pair decay of the giant dipole resonance is cleanly observed in all kinematic variables. It is quantitatively explained by the {gamma}-spectrum previously reported in the same reaction, using the internal E1 pair conversion coefficient with Coulomb corrections. The isoscalar and isovector GMR`s are expected to have pair emission strengths of 0.4% and 4%, respectively, of the GDR pair transition rate. Attempts to extract E0 pair transitions at this level by use of kinematic cuts and by dividing out the GDR pair strength will be presented.


Low Temperature Co-firing Ceramic (LTCC) technology is the mainstream of passive integrated packaging/assembly integration technology because of the high temperature and bad environment resistance. This paper reports the folding differential capacitive accelerometer based on LTCC. This device consists of covers top and down, a round box and sensitive mass block which fit together by four elastic cantilever beams. As we know, folding is the most ideal structure among the single direction accelerometers; According to the ANSYS simulation results, it has ideal modal response and frequency response so that the mechanism design is reasonable; The device adopts the round box and cover the body up and down, we use the auxiliary bonding way to solve the technical problems; The chip MS3110 with detection circuit transform from capacitance signal to voltage. This paper discusses the design and technology, detecting circuit and performance testing of micro mechanical LTCC accelerometer. According to the result of index head test, the device presents excellent linearity between -1 to +1 acceleration of gravity under static condition, and the sensitivity is about 25mv/g.


These studies were carried out to investigate the effect of Herbal-acupuncture with Inzinsammultang extract on the recovery from liver injury of rats. The liver injury of rats induced with 0.3ml/ea carbon tetrachloride. The Herbal-acupunture with Inzinsam multang extract solution inserted into corresponding focus of Kansu(BL18) in rats. In this study, SD-Rats(Sprague-Dawley) were divided into 4 groups ; Normal group (None treated group), Control-group(The group not treated after -intoxication), Treated group; Example I-group(Saline-injected groups after -intoxication) and Example II-group(Inzinsammultang-injected groups after -intoxication). Through histological observation, Example II-group sho-ws that liver injury is weaker than Control group.(p-GT, TG, total cholesterol were performed. The results were summarized as follows 1. AST(Aspartate aminotransferase) activity in serum significantly decreased in the Inzinsammultang-injected groups after -intoxication. Inzinsammultang-injected groups after -intoxication showed significantly higher AST activities, compared with the Saline-injected groups after -intoxication.(p-intoxication. The Inzinsammultang-injected groups after -intoxication showed significantly higher AST activities, compared with the Saline-injected groups after -intoxication(p-intoxication. 4. LDH(Lactate dehydrogenase) activities in serum significantly decreased in the Inzinsammultang-injected groups after -intoxication.(p-GT(Glutamyl transferase) in serum significantly decreased in the Inzinsammultang-injected groups after -intoxication(p-intoxication is no significant differences compared with the Saline-injected groups after -intoxication.(p-intoxication.(p. So it is expected that the Inzinsammultang Herbal-acupuncture can be used to cure inflammations and recover the functions of damaged liver cells.


This work investigated the possibility to describe the fluid flow in a microchannel from a thermodynamic point of view, exploring the possibility to evaluate the presence of obstacles (or, more in general, geometry imperfection) and their influence on the fluid. Tsallis entropy concept was employed. This form of entropy was introduced in 1988 by Costantino Tsallis as a basis for generalizing the standard statistical mechanics and as a generalization of the standard Boltzmann-Gibbs entropy. Inspired by nature, where storing information is an intrinsic ability of natural systems, here we investigate the capability of interacting systems to transport/store the information generated/exchanged in the interaction process in the form of energy or matter, preserving it over time. In detail, here we test the possibility to consider a fluid as a carrier of information, speculating about how to use such information. The final goal is to demonstrate that information theory can be used to illuminate physical observations, even in those cases where the equations describing the phenomenon under investigation are intractable, are affected by a budget of uncertainty that makes their solution not affordable or may not even be known. In this exploratory work, an information theory-based approach is applied to microfluidic data. In detail, the classical study of the fluid flow in a microchannel with an obstacle of a specific geometry is faced by integrating fluid mechanics theory with Tsallis entropy. Technically, computational fluid dynamics simulations at Reynolds' numbers (Re) equal to 1 were carried out in fluidic channels presenting a rectangular obstacle and on the simulated flow fields.


Magnetization measurements and differential thermal analysis (DTA) of polycrystalline MnBi were carried out in magnetic fields up to 14 T and in 300–773 K, in order to investigate the magnetic phase transition. The magnetic phase transition temperature (Tt) at a zero magnetic field is 628 K and linearly increases with increasing fields up to 14 T at the rate of 2 KT � 1 . A metamagnetic transition between the paramagnetic and field-induced ferromagnetic states was observed just above Tt. The exothermic and endothermic peaks were detected in the magnetic field dependence of DTA signals in 626–623 K, which relates to the metamagnetic transition. The obtained results were discussed on the basis of a mean field theory. [doi:10.2320/matertrans.MAW200721]


Background Men who have sex with men (MSM) and individuals identifying as Black or Hispanic/Latino experience the largest burden of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. The OraQuick In-Home HIV Test (OraSure Technologies©, Pennsylvania, USA) is the only HIV self-test approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Self-testing can supplement HIV prevention to increase identification of infections among at-risk groups. During a larger study on social media and HIV prevention, we assessed the accuracy of participants' interpretations of their results. Methods We recruited Black and Latino MSM between 18–30 years through advertisements on internet-based social media, informational sites, and dating sites. Participants ordered a free OraQuick self-test. They tested and interpreted their results following kit instructions. Participants submitted a test kit photograph to a secure online platform to report their results. Two trained researchers reviewed the photographs and interpreted results independently. We calculated the proportion of agreement and kappa coefficient between reviewers and between reviewers and participants. Results We enrolled 271 participants, 191 (70%) ordered a kit, 159 (83%) used it. Of those, 113 (71%) submitted readable test result images. Among those submitting images, 71.3% were Black and 30.4% were Hispanic/Latino, mean age 25 years (SD 3.6). The proportion of agreement in result interpretation between reviewers was 100% (113/113), kappa coefficient 1.0. The proportion of agreement in result interpretation between participants and reviewers was 97.3% (110/113). Of the concordant results, 101 (89.4%) were negative, 7 (6.2%) were positive, 2 (1.8%) were invalid. Of the 3 discordant results, 2 participants interpreted their positive results as invalid and 1 participant interpreted their positive result as negative. The kappa coefficient was 0.85 (95% CI 0.67–1.0). Conclusion Most participants submitted results online. The level of agreement of interpretation between participants and researchers was good. Prevention programs could use self-testing during disruptions of care.


In this academic paper we present in detail the numerical solution of the accretion of a perfect flui onto a black hole. The conditions are very simple, we consider a radial flu being accreted by a Schwarzschild black hole. We present two scenarios: 1) the test fiel case in which the flui does not affect the geometry of the black hole space-time background, and 2) the full non-linear scenario, in which the geometry of the space-time evolves simultaneously with the flui according to Einstein's equations. In the two scenarios we describe the black hole space-time in horizon penetrating coordinates, so that it is possible to visualize that accretion actually takes place within the numerical domain. In the non-linear scenario we solve the equations of geometry using the ADM formulation of General Relativity, with very simple gauge and boundary conditions, and include diagnostics related to the apparent and event horizon growth. In view of the recent spectacular discoveries by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration and future discoveries, the aim of this paper is to provide a detailed description for interested students in Black Hole Astrophysics, of accretion onto black holes in the simplest scenario, which can be introductory to understand the much more realistic magnetohydrodynamics accretion solutions used to model the EHT observations.


The purpose of this study was to determine how the rules of law and how legal certainly regarding the terms of good looking at job vacancy information, which is by methodempirical juridical research concluded : 1. that by including good looking requirements in employee vacancy information is a form of discrimination and violates the rules of law regarding the requirements that may be included in job vacancy information according to Article 15 Paragraph (3) of the Minister of manpower Regulation Number 39 of 2016 concerning the placement of Labor and Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning human rights. 2. employees who are hired should be seen from the abilities and competencies that match the demands of the job not from their physical appearance. 3. if a company requires good looking requirements, then these requirements do not need to be included in job vacancy information, because good looking has a subjective nature.


Laser handle (12) includes a main body portion, and a connector (14) for connection to a laser cartridge (16) of the main body portion in use. The main body portion includes first and second spaced apart finger engagement surfaces that are enabled both sides engage with the user's fingertip in use (43) (24, 26), finger-engaging surface (24, 26) including grip portion (20), which is interposed between the. Grip is substantially transverse to the at least one finger-engaging surface. The first of the finger engaging surface (24) preferably includes a first (36) and second (38) spaced apart finger engagement surface portion. One of the finger engaging surface portion (38) is disposed in the vicinity of the connector (14), and most preferably, is upwardly and arranged behind the trailing edge of the substantially laser cartridge (16) (42) that.


[Objective] Jiangan Paidu Fang and Huangqi injection combined with Western medicine comprehensive therapy efficacy in chronic renal failure. [Methods] 42 cases of hospitalized patients with limiting protein intake, anticoagulant, antiplatelet, antihypertensive diuretic, correcting water, electrolyte imbalance and metabolic acidosis, corrected calcium, phosphorus and other comprehensive treatment of metabolic disorders. Jiangan Paidu Fang( Dahuang, Longgu, Shengmuli, Danshen, each 30g, cooked Fuzi 15g), decoction 300mL, the temperature dropped to 35 ~ 40 ℃, retention enema, 2 dose / day. Astragalus injection 20mL+200mL5% glucose/0.9% sodium chloride intravenous infusion. Continuous treatment one month course of treatment. Observing clinical symptoms of adverse reactions. 6 courses of continuous treatment to determine efficacy. [Results] 14 cases markedly effective in 20 cases, 8 cases, the total efficiency of 80.95%. [Conclusion] Jiangan Paidu Fang and Huangqi injection combined with Western medicine comprehensive therapy efficacy in chronic renal failure with good results.


This paper introduces 3-D design software Solidworks into the teaching and teaching reform of mechanical drawing.The application and advantage of Solidworks in the teaching of mechanical drawing are introduced.Related knowledge and this software solution coordinate to raise interest and comprehension capability on the part of the students and obtain effectiveness.


We develop a quantum theory of plasmon polaritons in chains of metallic nanoparticles, describing both near- and far-field interparticle distances, by including plasmon-photon Umklapp processes. Taking into account the retardation effects of the long-range dipole-dipole interaction between the nanoparticles, which are induced by the coupling of the plasmonic degrees of freedom to the photonic continuum, we reveal the polaritonic nature of the normal modes of the system. We compute the dispersion relation and radiative linewidth, as well as the group velocities of the eigenmodes, and compare our numerical results to classical electrodynamic calculations within the point-dipole approximation. Interestingly, the group velocities of the polaritonic excitations present an almost periodic sign change and are found to be highly tunable by modifying the spacing between the nanoparticles. We show that, away from the intersection of the plasmonic eigenfrequencies with the free photon dispersion, an analytical perturbative treatment of the light-matter interaction is in excellent agreement with our fully retarded numerical calculations. We further study quantitatively the hybridization of light and matter excitations, through an analysis of Hopfield's coefficients. Finally, we consider the limit of infinitely spaced nanoparticles and discuss some recent results on single nanoparticles that can be found in the literature.


The quotation in the title above is taken from a statement made by Zhou Enlai in September 1972 on the occasion of the Zhou-Tanaka Communique, which normalized relations between China and Japan. I use it here not only because it has been a staple over the past decade of Chinese criticism of Japanese endeavors to rewrite the history of World War II in Asia but also because it points to an aspect of the relationship between Japan and China (and Asian countries in general) that seems to me to be peculiar to that relationship: the issue of history. Since 1982, when the Japanese Ministry of Education approved a major revision to textbooks, the issue of history has remained in the forefront of Chinese thinking over China's relationship to Japan. The history of World War II is the most visible


Digital storytelling (DST) is described as 'the modern expression of the ancient art of storytelling' with one of its categories focusing on personal narratives in which authors tell their own personal stories about significant experiences in their lives. The imperative to tap into our students' social-emotional learning through DST and creating a trauma-sensitive school culture is at the forefront of pedagogical conversations today. The DST process allowed pre-service teachers to take risks, risks of self-disclosure, risks of change, risks of not knowing, all of which rendered them vulnerable, resulting in deepened learning. The findings indicate that the process motivated newly qualified teachers to reflect on their own development, their practice and student learning through the lens of human connections, lived curriculum, self-reflection. They learnt the true value of social interaction and student engagement.


: Based on detailed discussion of improving method of synthetic seismogram, an improved processing method and processing procedure are suggested. ①Before making the synthetic seismogram, the basis correction of well-logging data, drilling data, seismic data, and acoustic moveout correction should be made firstly. ② Calculation of reflection coefficient by adopting non-uniform algorithm is carried out. ③ Adapting the wavelet of frequency variation theory, its frequency must be determined by actual seismic channel number nearby the well. ④ Synthetic seismogram must be calculated by inversion method. ⑤ carrying out moveout correction of synthetic seismogram. Actual data have shown that the synthetic seismogram calculated by mentioned improved method is very closed with match the actual seismic records, andcan be used for accurately correlating the seismic geologic horizons.


This paper intends to study the function of reinforcement layer to control the settlement of soft soil ground. Different cases of reinforcement layer were compared and analyzed by model test and finite element method. It was concluded that geocell was more effective to control the settlement of soft soil ground in comparison with other materials.


Article History: Received 12.05.2014 Received in revised form 17.06.2014 Accepted 04.07.2014 Available online 02.12.2014 The aim of this research is to present teachers the examples related to the intangible cultural heritage for social studies courses and to reveal teachers' opinions about the intangible cultural heritage in social studies courses. Of the qualitative research methods, the case study method was used in the research. The study group of the research consisted of 18 social studies teachers in the center of Antalya. The criterion sampling, one of the purposeful sampling methods, was used to choose the study group. The data of the research was collected through interview technique and analyzed by using descriptive analysis. When the results of the research were generally evaluated, it was understood that social studies teachers could explain the intangible cultural heritage, and could relate it to the social studies courses and also that they thought that teaching the intangible cultural heritage was important for the elementary and secondary school students. In addition, it was determined that the social studies teachers could find themselves and also the social studies program inefficient to teach the intangible cultural heritage. According to the results of the research, it was also seen that attending the elective course called The Public Culture for the social studies teachers had a positive effect on teaching the intangible cultural heritage topics. © 2014 IOJES. All rights reserved


Some diorite stocks developed in the Xar Moron fault belt in Linxi county,Inner Mongolia.They intruded into the Shuangjing schist and display variable degrees of deformation.This study presents the petrology,geochemistry,a LA-ICPMS U-Pb zircon age and a hornblende 40Ar-39Ar age of the diorite.The diorite was emplaced in the Early Permian,as reflected by a LA-ICPMS U-Pb zircon age of 286±1 Ma.The magma is derived from enriched mantle metasomatized by slab-derived fluids or melts.The diorites were subject to epidote-amphibolite facies metamorphism during the Early Jurassic,resulting in a hornblende 40Ar-39Ar age of 188.7±1.4 Ma.Combining the new data with the latest published results from the study area and the region,we conclude that the Early Paleozoic and younger mafic rocks in the Solonker suture zone are derived from mantle that was metasomatized by subducted sediments,and that metasomatism increased with time.A stage of collision occurred before the Late Carboniferous(~310 Ma) and the Solonker suture zone underwent post-orogenic extension during the Late Carboniferous to Early Permian(~310 to 276 Ma).The diorite studied is part of a widespread diorite-granodiorite suite that formed during this period of extension in the suture zone.In the Late Permian oceanic basins occurred locally in the suture zone.The closure of these basins induced the final collision of the Solonker suture during the Late Permian to Middle Triassic(~272 to 230 Ma).Spatial variation in the timing of final collision led to the coeval formation of syn-collisional and post-collisional granites in the suture zone.Closure of the Solonker suture zone resulted in the amalgamation of the North China Craton with some microcontinents to its north.North of the accreted microcontinents,the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean,a branch of the Paleo-Pacific Ocean,formed the remaining NE-striking oceanic domain between the Siberia Craton to the north and the North China Craton to the south.The closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean in NE Mongolia in the Early Jurassic induced the continent-continent collision recorded by the hornblende 40Ar-39Ar age from the Solonker diorite.The research area then entered post-orogenic extension,while further east the Paleo-Pacific plate subducted beneath the North China Craton.The combination of regional post-orogenic extension and distant subduction led to alternating compression and extension in the Jurassic in what is now northeastern China.After the change in the subduction direction of the Paleo-Pacific plate in the Late Jurassic,the tectonic environment in northeastern China finally became extensional and the region entered the West-Pacific tectonic domain.


Composiltion and Mode of Action 'Hirudoid' is a water soluble cream containing organo-heparinoid produced from bovine organs and differs from other synthetic heparinoids as it is the sulphuric acid ester of a mucopolysaccharide possessing heparin-like activity. The active ingredients of Hirudoid consist of uronic acid and animo sugars in a low molecular form, which allows a rapid cutaneous penetration, as shown by Holzknecht ct al. (1954). It acts by local inhibition of blood coagulation, promotes fibrinolysis, hence further formation of trombi is prevented, and it is claimed that proteolysis and hyaluronidase activity is neutralized by 'competitive inhibition', thus inflammation due to external causes, or bacterial infection is restricted. Work by Schede! (1952) has shown that the clotting time is prolonged for up to 12 hours following Hirudoid application. Prothrombin estimations an' not ncrt-ssa rv during its use. It has also been shown by Avinger (1960); Klapp (1952) and Blocmertz (1955) that intercellular ion exchange and cellular metabolism is increased. Hence increased resorption of oedema and blood, plus regeneration of tissue is hastened.


Abstract: The NA61/SHINE at the CERN SPS is a new experiment to study hadron production in p + p, p + A, h + A and A+ A interactions. The main goal of the NA61 ion program is to explore the phase diagram (T − μB) of strongly interacting matter. In particular, we plan to study the properties of the onset of deconfinement and to search for the signatures of the critical point. A two-dimensional scan of the phase diagram will be performed by varying the energy (13A-158A GeV) and system size (p + p, Be + Be, Ar + Ca, Xe + La) of collisions. This paper summarizes the status and plans of the NA61/SHINE ion program. In particular the detector upgrades, data taking schedule and the first results on spectra and correlations are discussed. PACS (2008): 25.75.Ag, 25.75.Gz, 25.75.Dw


In the near future, Artificial Intelligence methods will inevitably enter safety-critical areas. Deep Learning software, deployed on standard computing hardware, is prone to random hardware faults such as bit flips that can result in silent data corruption. We have performed fault injection experiments on three Convolution Neural Network (CNN) image classifiers, including VGG16 and VGG19. Besides the fact that the bit flips indeed drop the classification accuracy, we have observed that these faults result not in random misclassification but tend to particular erroneous sets of classes. This fact shall be taken into account to design a reliable and safe system. For example, we might consider re-running the classifier if it yields a class for such an erroneous set. This paper discusses the results of our fault injection experiments and introduces a new Bayesian Network (BN) model that aggregates these results and enables numerical evaluation of the performance of the CNNs under the influence of random hardware faults. We demonstrate the application of the developed BN model for the trustworthiness analysis. In particular, we show how to evaluate the misclassification probabilities for each resulting class, for the varying probability of random bit-flips.


The present invention relates to novel fluorinated piperidine derivatives having antagonistic activity at the 5-HTreceptor, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and their use as a medicine in the treatment or prevention of pulmonary arterial hypertension, pulmonary fibrosis or irritable bowel syndrome.Formula (I)


Incentive systems for wastewater treatment and reuse in irrigated agriculture in the mena region , Incentive systems for wastewater treatment and reuse in irrigated agriculture in the mena region , کتابخانه دیجیتالی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات درمانی شهید بهشتی


SUMMARY The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that cutting edges exist in all areas of biometry. Comparisons are made of papers in eight volumes of Biometrics over a 3 1-year period and of those presented at the last International Biometric Conference, Toulouse, France (September 1982), and cutting edges in several areas are discussed. Several areas of research on biometrical methods for problems of plant and animal agriculture are explored. These include the statistical design and analysis of experiments on intercropping, the transfer of information, pasture experiments, toxicological studies, sampling plans for environmental pollution, and difficulties with repeated-measures design. Another group of topics discussed are calibration, measurement, and quantification of responses, problems which are often ignored. Four specific situations are discussed. A third group of topics pertains to laboratory analyses. A laboratory overload can be alleviated by using statistical procedures such as subsampling, pooling subsamples, group testing, sequential sampling, double sampling, and obtaining running estimates of analytic errors with a small number of samples. A fourth group of topics is model construction and selection. Some examples are cited, and the problem of how random errors arise is discussed. A number of other areas-assays, pattern analysis and standardization-are discussed briefly. The paper ends with an encouragement for statisticians to research these problems.


Through analyzing the structure character of Aryskum depression's middle part,the text divides the work area into three part including strike-depression belt,slope-fault cascade belt and uplift.Its evolution has undergone three stages including fault depressing stage,transforming stage,depressing to striking-uplift.By discussing the effects on four main aspects within hydrocarbon accumulation,the text suggests that the hydrocarbon reservoirs, which developes in slope-fault cascade belt with patterns of inclination-block,sand-onlapping and sand updip-piching,or the reservoirs,which developes adjacent to Karatau fault,with patterns of duplex fault block and fault anticline,could be the favorable hydrocarbon reservoir in Jurassic for further oil-gas exploration.


Young people's visibility in public space has been a prominent feature of concern throughout history, especially in times of social and economic uncertainty. There have also been specific moments in time when young people have been considered particularly 'problematic'. This is because historically, particular groups of young people have been considered a threat to the social order, requiring regulation and control (Cohen, 2002; Pearson, 1983; Humphries, 1981) and have attracted 'more theorising and moralising in the past century than almost any other social group' (Humphries, 1981: 1). Since 1815 various institutions have imposed social control on a specific, identifiable group of young people - the poor and the working class. But as Pearson (1983) reminded us, we have been plagued by the same concerns and fears, which characterise the young people of the day as 'problematic', from one generation to the next. The governance of youth therefore has evolved and developed through various institutions and agencies regulating the everyday lives of young people, particularly working class young people, through education, employment and leisure (Muncie, 1984; Humphries, 1981).


The objective of this work was to isolate strains of lactic acid bacteria with probiotic potential from the digestive tract of marine shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei), and to carry out in vitro selection based on multiple characters. The ideotype (ideal proposed strain) was defined by the highest averages for the traits maximum growth velocity, final count of viable cells, and inhibition halo against nine freshwater and marine pathogens, and by the lowest averages for the traits duplication time and resistance of strains to NaCl (1.5 and 3%), pH (6, 8, and 9), and biliary salts (5%). Mahalanobis distance (D 2 ) was estimated among the evaluated strains, and the best ones were those with the shortest distances to the ideotype. Ten bacterial strains were isolated and biochemically identified as Lactobacillus plantarum (3), L. brevis (3), Weissella confusa (2), Lactococcus lactis (1), and L. delbrueckii (1). Lactobacillus plantarum strains showed a wide spectrum of action and the largest inhibition halos against pathogens, both Gram‑positive and negative, high growth rate, and tolerance to all evaluated parameters. In relation to ideotype, L. plantarum showed the lowest Mahalanobis (D 2 ) distance, followed by the strains of W. confusa, L. brevis, L. lactis, and L. delbrueckii. Among the analyzed bacterial strains, those of Lactobacillus plantarum have the greatest potential for use as a probiotic for marine shrimp.


The invention relates to a method for operating a sensor system (12) of a motor vehicle (10), which comprises a plurality of sensor units (14), each having a defined detection area (16) in the vicinity of the motor vehicle (10), comprising the steps: - querying a reference object (20), which has a defined position on an environment map, in a navigation system (18); - Detecting the reference object (20) by the sensor units (14); - determining the quality of detection of the respective sensor unit (14); - Comparison of the specific qualities with each other; and - Marking the sensor units (14) whose quality is below an average quality.


The Abrasive Water jet Technology (AWJT) is current ly widely used for cutting composite materials. The present paper evaluates its capability to blind -machine composites without damaging the part. A Doehlert's experimental design is used to evaluate the AWJT capability domain for composite-material scan blind-machining. Within this domain, a common average-depth forecasting-model is evaluated and improved in order to develop rules concerning the p rocess. It appears that the capability domain is mainly lim ited by the water wear energy which leads to delamination whereas the abrasive particle wear-ene gy machines without any damage. The domain is also governed by the material characteristics (ply thickness, heterogeneity...). The evolved average-depth forecasting-models allow to confirm several assumptions: The material may be introduced in the model within a single proporti onal constant (named "workability" for cutting applications). Moreover, the standoff distance appe rs to not be significant for scan blind-machining. By adding the fact that the AWJT machines a depth for the upper surface and not a dimension from a reference, the AWJT is very convenient for machinin g composite-material ply-per-ply even if the part i s bent.


Feed-forward control of hysteretic systems is a challenging task due to the hysteresis nonlinearity. Hysteresis models are utilized not only for identification, but also for hysteresis control. The feed-forward control, which is not an error-based (feedback-based) algorithm, plays a significant role in hysteresis control problems. Instead, it works based on knowledge about the process in the form of a mathematical model of the process. In feed-forward control problems, it is important to identify the inverse relationship of the output and input of the system, i.e., determining the mapping of the output and input of the system plays a key role in feed-forward controlling. This paper presents a new feed-forward controller model to control an actuator in a laboratory to tackle the restrictions of feedback control systems. For this purpose, first, a numerical model of a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID)-controlled actuator was created, and sets of numerical data of inputs and outputs of the plant were generated. Then, a least-squares support-vector machine (LS-SVM) hysteresis model was trained inversely on the generated data sets of the numerical modeling. Afterwards, to examine the efficacy of the proposed method for real-world hydraulic actuators in the presence of experimental errors and noise, sets of experimental data were obtained from physical modeling at KNTU's Structural and Earthquake Engineering Laboratory (KSEEL). The results indicate the high performance of the proposed model.


We use an experimental procedure first proposed by Basov et al 1 to measure the fidelity of the optical wavefront reconstruction process of phase conjugation due to degenerate four-wave mixing by photorefraction in a poled single crystal of p-type BaTiC3. A similar procedure was recently used to measure the phase-conjugate fidelity in stimulated Brillouin scattering.2


The effectiveness of green light emitting diodes (LED) in influencing the behaviour of fish has not been investigated. This study aimed to determine the optimum color and light intensity for catching yellowstripe scads (Selaroides leptolepis) based on their behavioral response and light adaptation. An experiment used two types of LED, blue and green, operated at three levels of light intensity, low (20 lx), medium (35 lx) and high (50 lx). The experiment was conducted in a tank to determine the fish preference zone and pattern of behavioral response to different colors and light intensities. Their retinal adaptations were investigated histologically. For all colours and light intensities, the schooling fish was located mainly in the bright zone (67%). The cone index and swimming speed of fish were slightly increased by intensity. The highest light adaptation was found on blue LED exposure at a light intensity of 88.70%. When being exposed to the green LED, the fish gradually swam closely to each other and formed a stable schooling formation. However, when being exposed to the blue LED, the fish keep swimming widely and randomly. The green LED was an excellent fishing lamp for controlling behavior and harvesting yellowstripe scad in liftnet fishing.


The following document aims to propose a strategy to tackle the work with coastal communities in Los Lagos Region from an Ecological view, with an emphasis on collective health and human well-being in an integral way. In this context, a multidisciplinary view is considered in order to tackle the main problems of the inhabitants, as well as the own participation of community agents to prioritize their topics of interest. In the same context, the importance that the formation of health professionals and social sciences that are formed in regional universities has a seal of work focused on the territory and its in habitants is manifested.


A 16-month-old girl with idiopathic hypercalcemia /failure to thrive, characteristic face, supravalvular aortic stenosis/ has been under observation for 12 months. Her serum calcium level was between 14 and 19 mg per 100 ml, which could not be decreased permanently by any therapeutic efforts including administration of Calcitonin, Prednisolone, Furosemide, sodium sulphate, phosphates and a diet of low calcium intake. Both her father and a 17-year old brother were mentally retarded, and had calcium deposits in their corneae. Their serum calcium values were 11.9 and 13.0 mg per 100 ml, respectively, with increased urinary excretion of calcium. Two other members of the family on the paternal side were also suspicious of the syndrome, while the mother proved to be normal. The family histories are suggestive of autosomal dominant inheritance of the disease.


In order to research into the behavior of wild animals, we need to develop a more precise way to observe them. This article introduces a process to design the new generation electrical collar based on the Zigbee technology, acceleration sensor and SPI Flash, assisted by GPS and temperature sensor. Meanwhile, the article also provide movement model which built from the data collected in experiment of real animals. The model built in article basically in accordance with the real movement of the animals. Thus, it realizes the preliminary achievement in monitoring wild animals' movement.


Anyone getting into a taxi these days may find him/herself in the wrong place, becoming part of a road block somewhere on the main streets of Bangkok and forced to walk the rest of the way. The…


Lymnaea rubiginosa infected with 1 to 5 miracidia of Echinostoma audyi for 1, 2, 3, and 5 weeks, and snails infected with up to 10 or 20 miracidia for 3 weeks, were exposed to copper (Cu) as CuSO4 2 hr and allowed to recover 48 hr. In general, snails ininfected with up to 5 miracidia of E. audyi were no more susceptible to Cu than noninfected snails. Snails infected with up to 10 miracidia for 3 weeks were 1.3 times more susceptible to Cu than noninfected snails. However, snails infected with up to 20 miracidia for 3 weeks were not more susceptible to Cu, possibly because infection with such a large number of parasites eliminated the most susceptible snails from the population prior to exposure to Cu.


Computer simulation applications,including machining process dynamic simulation and machining process physical characteristic simulation,are introduced in detail.Micro-electro discharge machining simulation system is developed,and plasma channel simulation is realized.The thermal model of electro discharge machining is created and analyzed,and the relationship between surface roughness and process parameters is analyzed.Meanwhile,the simulation system is applied in real machining,and micro three dimension structures are machined.Through the system,the feasibility and advantages of computer simulation for precise machining can be explained.


In this study, an attempt was made to examine the variables affecting farmers' satisfaction with bio fungicide use, the variables affecting their buying behaviour for the product and constraints faced by the farmers in usage of bio-fungicides. A total of 100 farmers were selected on the basis of snowball sampling. RBQ mean was calculated to find out the most influencing factors for purchasing of bio fungicide by the farmers. Garrett's standard procedure was adopted to determine the significance of a number of different factors as expressed by respondents in the use of bio-fungicides. It was found that the retailers influence, quality, price of positives and the opinion leaders with implant agency were the important factors that affect the purchasing decision of farmers. Further, a substantial percentage of farmers in the research area were quite satisfied with the bio-fungicide's efficacy, followed by its relative quality and history of widespread usage.


This paper deals with the introduction of the Brazilian Telecourse in East Timor, bringing significant aspects of the social and educational reality of this ...


The huge amount of annual concrete production poses significant harmful environmental impact. The demand for construction and concrete production consequently results in a huge demand for natural aggregate thereby causing great concerns for aggregate availability. Recycling waste concrete which often times end up in landfill is one of the major solutions to reduce its environmental effects. Waste concrete are crushed to desired sizes and used as replacement for natural aggregate to a certain degree in the production of new concrete. A reduction in strength has been reported after various researches with most recommending an optimum replacement percentage of 30% beyond which are decline in strength properties is evident. Thus, it becomes necessary to improve this performance and increase the amount of concrete waste reduction. To produce highperformance concrete, early researchers altered the watercement ration to achieve the desired results. Thereafter, they employed the use of chemical and mineral admixtures alongside specialised production process. In addition to performance improvement, Mineral admixture will function to substitute or reduce the consumption of Portland cement leading to a low impact, less energy consuming building material. This paper reviews the effect of admixtures on the mechanical properties of recycled aggregate concrete and possible areas for future research were identified and recommended.


(64.7%),p16(64,7%),PTEN(73.5%). Thus, there was a high incidence ofalterations in the cellular pathways involving the p53transcription factor (94.1%), the retinoblastoma pro-tein (64.7%) and the PTEN phosphatase (73.5%) and91% of cell lines carried mutations in two or morepathways. This provides the first clear genetic evi-dence that these tumor suppressors participate inbiological pathways which are functioning separate-ly/independently in glioma cells. The status of thegene alterations did not correlate with tumorigenici-ty in immunocompromized mice or any clinicalparameters. Although the mutation rate was higherin glioma cell lines than that reported for glioma tis-sues, the alterations were molecularly representa-tive of those found in adult de novoglioblastoma.This study highlights the importance of developingtherapeutic approaches applicable to tumors with abroad range of genetic alterations and also providesan invaluable panel of glioma cell lines to make thispossible.Introduction


This chapter begins with the question posed by a historian to the American Historical Association member forum, "Why do my students think America was founded as a Christian nation?" It explores how these curricula sustain crucial elements of that narrative by denying the influence of the Enlightenment and by making crucial claims about the founding: the Declaration of Independence defined a Christian nation; the American Revolution was either a Christian cause or not a revolution at all; and the Constitution, though silent on religion, nonetheless confirmed the intent of unquestionably Christian founders to establish a Christian nation. The chapter also highlights the nuanced work of historians of religion on these questions to show that such arguments contradict the historical consensus, are unduly simplistic, and are rooted in national origin myths.


A rhodium(I)-catalyzed regioselective hydroacylation of alkenyl-bearing allylic alcohols with simple aldehydes for the preparation of diverse 1,5-diketones is described. Mechanistic investigation suggests that this transformation might proceed through redox isomerization...


The bane that discussing the soft rock geologic strata closes to drill a hole badly and solve the method and measures,and put forward the actual suggestion within work.


Clark W. Brott died on July 26, 1993, of complications from AIDS. With his passing, California archaeology lost a creative scholar who, through his commitment to a holistic approach, made significant contributions in the areas of PaleoIndian and Overseas Chinese archaeology in California.


Cellphones are electronic devices that people use most in daily life. There are various kinds of cellphones in the market nowadays, while ordinary consumers are dazzled by the huge cellphone market and do not know how to choose a suitable one. Hence, it is of great importance to help them in doing this kind of selection to satisfy their needs. This paper proposes a machine learning based cellphones recommendation approach, CIMR, for consumers to pick up the most suitable cellphones that can mostly meet their desired requirements. We evaluate CIMR by using thousands of real consumers all over the world with two proposed methods: Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT) and Random Forest (RF). The experimental results show that the accuracy rate for recommending cellphones by using our method is 95.87%, which exceeds the existing old methods by up to 5.49%.


The diagnostic methods for the profile of the radiation source were estab-lished at first based on the pinhole imaging principle. In this paper, the relationships among various parameters of the gamma-rays crammer such as the modulation transfer function (MTF), the noise power spectrum (NPS), the signal-noise ratio (SNR) and the detective quantum efficiency (DQE) are developed and studied experimentally on the cobalt radiation source. The image diagnostic system is consisting with rays-fluorescence convertor (YAG crystal), optical imaging system, MCP image intensifier, CCD camera and other devices. The spatial resolution of the modulation transfer function (MTF) at 10% intensity was measured as 1 lp/mm by knife-edge method. The quantum of the measurement system is about 150 under weak radiation condition due to the single particle detection efficiency of the system. The dynamic range was inferred preliminarily as about 437. The required radiation intensity was calculated using the experiment result for the (SNR) = 1, 5, 10, respectively. The theoretical investigation results show that the radiation image with (SNR) = 1 can be only obtained when the pinhole diameter is 0.7 mm, object distance and image distance are both 200 cm, and the radiation intensity is about 1.0 × 1012 Sr-1·cm-2.


DC/DC converters working in current mode are widely used. However, the complexity of the loop design for these converters is high (double-loop control system). The small signal model of the Buck converter in average current mode is established, and the transfer function for duty cycle to output is deduced. Based on the analysis of the stability for the converter, appropriate current loop compensation and voltage loop compensation are designed. The correctness of the designed control loop is verified with simulations from MATLAB and PSIM in frequency domain and time domain. The proposed method in frequency domain has certain reference value for control loop design in switching power supplies.


Diffusion processes play a major role in continuous-time modeling in economics, particularly in continuous-time finance. In most cases, however, the transition density function of a diffusion process is not available in closed form. Using Feynman-Kac integration, we construct a recursive scheme for the Laplace transform (in time) of the transition density function. This provides a semianalytic and highly accurate solution to a wide range of asset pricing problems. Generalizations of our technique to functionals of non-Gaussian processes are also briefly discussed.


A spectrometric setup to perform total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) and synchronous TIRF measurements at solid/liquid interfaces is presented. The combination of TIRF and synchronous fluorescence was proposed to analyze simultaneously different components at interfaces. The TIRF excitation, emission and synchronous spectra of a water-soluble porphyrin were obtained from water/glass interface using this setup without the existence of a surfactant.


The invention is suitable for the technical field of mobile communication, and provides a remote power-off method of mobile phones. The method comprises the following steps: a. a mobile phone receives a short message and compares the received short message with a prestored power-off short message, and if the two short messages are consistent, step b is shifted; and b. the mobile phone automatically implements power-off operation. The technical scheme provided by the invention can lead users to implement the remote power-off operation, controls the mobile phone to be powered off when the mobile phone is forgot at somewhere or lost, thus avoiding other people from utilizing the mobile phone or information therein illegally.


The progress, technical development and promotion of bioavailability for oral administration of insulin in recent years were reviewed, particularly in the following aspects: nanoparticles, micro-emulsion, multiple emulsion, liposomes, and colon-site specific delivery systems.


In this study, a comparison of solutions for tracking data from the term project obtained by using two different overlapping sets of range and range rate data was completed. The original data file contained 385 points over a time period of 18,340 seconds, or approximately 5 hours. This data was divided into two parts with some overlapping data points. The first data set covered the time period from the initial time to 12,600 seconds, which resulted in a data file with 288 points. The second data set began at 5,400 seconds and continued until the end of the data, giving a data file with 297 points. In both cases, several passes through the batch filter were used to generate a best estimate for the state and the covariance at the time that the corresponding data set started. The trajectory was then integrated forward and the covariance was mapped to the desired time using the equation ( ) ( ) o k o o k k t , t Φ P t , t Φ P = . A comparison was desired during the overlap time period between 1.5 and 3.5 hours, so plots were generated with one standard deviation (1σ) magnitudes from P ± k, and the differences in the solution overlaps for this period. They are given in the RIC (radial, in-track, cross-track) coordinate system in Figure 1. The equations for converting the state and covariance matrix from the ECI to RIC frame are given in section 4.16.1 of the class text.


Suppose that we wish to compare the color appearance of an image displayed on monitor and a reproduction of the image on a printed page. We could place the monitor and printed image side-by-side and let an observer judge the colors of each. The difficulty with this arrangement is that the ambient illumination interferes with the color appearance of the monitor image. To see the monitor image clearly, the observer would like to turn down the room lighting. But in this case, the observer will be unable to see the printed image. As the room lights are turned up, the printed image becomes visible but the monitor image becomes washed out.


An apparatus for sample analysis by means of an atmospheric or variable pressure scanning electron microscope, over a sample space (3) and a cathode chamber has, in relation to the sample chamber (3) for the formation and propagation of an electron rule vacuum conditions and a sample support (8) in the sample chamber (3 ) provides that is positionable relative to the electron beam, characterized in that the sample carrier (8) is arranged adjustable in height (within a (in the sample chamber 3) positionable located chamber 11), having at least one gas-tightly closable opening (4) through which the meets electron beam onto the sample carrier (8).


Abstract : The Space Sextant-High Altitude Navigation System (SS-HANS) study was to prepare a preliminary design of this system and to demonstrate its performance thru detailed Monte-Carlo digital simulation. Not only did the design meet all its requirements, but of as much or more significance, the Space Sextant design has inherent accuracies that will permit design of an attitude reference and pointing system that will have more accuracy than any in existence or under development. The SS-HANS was designed to satisfy the highest levels of autonomy by onboard determination of spacecraft position in inertial space. The system was also to be designed to operate for a period of 5 years in a severe nuclear environment and on spacecraft that have attitude limit cycles and that maneuver. User applications of this design could range from deep space near-planet navigation to autonomous operation of strategic and tactical space systems. The space sextant would allow attitude control to within 0.1 arc sec (0.5 micron rad).


Editorial note. Dear colleagues! We continue introducing opinions of the leading foreign specialists in the sphere of specific immunoprophylaxis on the issues of pneumococcal infection and vaccination. In this issue we present to you an interview with Zsofia Meszner — MD, Professor of children's infectious diseases and pediatrics at the Faculty of Medicine of the Budapest University.


To solve the problem of deficiency of rank existing in navigation constellation long-time auto-navigation based on inter-satellite measurement,a method of integrated navigation based on the Inter-Satellite Links (ISL) and X-ray Pulsar was proposed. The fundamentals of this method were described. To rationalize the computational burden,the generalized federated filters were simplified and improved to fuse the measurements based on ISL and X-ray Pulsar. Finally,the simulation was carried out,and the results proved the rationality and feasibility of this method.


Acanthosis nigricans is a nonspecific increase of the thickness of the prickle cell layer of the skin and most commonly seen in obese persons.


A 2 stage Doherty power amplifier is provided to generate the flat gain characteristic and the improved linear characteristic by mounting a digital voltage controller and generate optimal efficiency point by adjusting apparatus to the driving terminal and the amplifying terminal. A 2 stage Doherty power amplifier includes an amplifying terminal(100) and a driving terminal(200). The amplifying terminal(100) is push-pull package type having a main amplifier(110) and a peaking amplifier(120) connected by a lambda/4 impedance transformer. The driving terminal(200) is single-ended package type consisting of a main driving amplifier(210) which drives the main amplifier(110) of the amplifying terminal(100), and a peaking driving amplifier(220) which drives the peaking amplifier(120).


We find that for two of the hard X-ray bursts of an energetic flare on 1980 June 27, the time profile of the hard X-rays above 235 keV is delayed by 3 s with respect to the time profiles of the lower energy X-rays and that the high energy spectrum becomes flatter with time during each of these bursts. From these findings we argue that during this flare a second-step mechanism accelerated further some of the high-energy tail population of the first-step electrons. By noticing that all of the flares with second-step delays produced interplanetary energetic protons, and that gamma-ray lines were detected from all of these flares except one that was not observed by any gamma-ray detector, we conclude that the second-step mechanism accelerates not only (mildly) relativistic electrons but also protons and heavy nuclei. Small delays of the nuclear gamma-ray time profiles with respect to the hard X-ray time profiles observed by SMM from the 1980 June 7 and 21 flares are consistent with this conclusion. After estimating the acceleration rate, we conclude that first-order Fermi acceleration operating in a closed flare loop is a very likely mechanism for the second-step acceleration.