More women are going outdoors and menstrual hygiene is a concern for these women, we do not know how collegiate outdoor programs are addressing this topic, if at all. It is possible that feminine hygiene may not be adequately discussed in these settings. Because of this, the overall health and outdoor experiences of female participants are potentially at risk. The purpose of this study was to gain a better understanding of current practices and potential barriers surrounding feminine hygiene and menstruation dialogs in college outdoor recreation programs in Texas. An open-ended online survey was distributed to 36 schools with outdoor recreation programs in Texas. Responses were independently analyzed and coded for emergent themes. Thirty-eight percent of schools did not address feminine hygiene and menstruation in pretrip communications. Predominant themes consisted of an emphasis on health and hygiene, dependence on female leaders, a need for more knowledge and resources, and a desire for normalization. Most professionals expressed that resources to expand their knowledge on these topics can help to better prepare participants. Current practices surrounding these topics may be insufficient and able to improve. Further research is needed to evaluate the efficacy of the curriculum and the preference of participants.


Francis Bacon: His Career and His Thought. By Fulton H. Anderson. New York, University Publishers Inc., 1962. Pp. 367. $7.50. Perception and the Physical World. By D. M. ARMSTRONG. London, Routledge and Kegan Paul; Toronto, British Book Service, 1961. Pp. xii, 196. $6.00. Intuition and Science. By Mario Bunge. New York and Toronto, Prentice Hall, 1962. Pp. xii, 142. $1.95. The Problem of Tragedy. By S. Morris Engel. Fredericton, N. B., Brunswick Press, i960. Pp. 81. $3.50. Right Reason in the English Renaissance. By Robert Hoopes. Cambridge, Harvard U. P., Toronto, S. J. Reg. Saunders. Pp. xi, 248. $7.25. The Development of Logic. By William and Martha Kneale. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1962. Pp. viii, 761. $11.25. The Prophets of Paris. By Frank E. Manuel. Cambridge, Harvard U. P., Toronto, S. J. Reg. Saunders, 1962. Pp. ix, 349. $9.00. Art & Scholasticism, and The Frontiers of Poetry. By J. Maritain. New York, Charles Scribner's Sons; Toronto, S. J. Reg. Saunders. Pp. vi, 234, $6.25. The Structure of Science. By Ernest Nagel. Toronto, Longmans; New York, Harcourt Brace, 1961. Pp. xv, 618. $7.50. A Search for Civilization. By John U. Nef. Chicago, Henry Regnery Co., Toronto, S. J. Reg. Saunders, 1962. Pp. xii, 210. $5.25. Plato's Later Epistemology. By W. G. Runciman. Cambridge U.P., Toronto, Macmillan Co. of Canada, 1962. Pp. viii, 138. $3.60. Decision Order and Time in Human Affairs. By G. L. S. Shackle. Cambridge U.P., Toronto, The Macmillan Co. of Canada, 1961. Pp. xiv, 302. $6.00. Philosophical Fragments. By S. Kierkegaard. Translated by David Swenson. Princeton U.P., Toronto, S. J. Reg. Saunders, 1962. Pp. xcvii, 260. $8.00. Sociologism and Existentialism. By A. Tiryakian. Toronto and New York, Prentice Hall, 1962. Pp. xi, 176. $1.95. The Language of Ethics. By Carl Wellman. Harvard U.P., Toronto, S. J. Reg. Saunders, 1961. Pp. x, 328. $9.00. Histoire de VEsthe'tique. Par Raymond Bayer. Paris, fid. Armand Colin, 1961. 403 pages. Lettres philosophiques de Maurice Blondel. Paris, Aubier, 1961. 313 pages.


An L-ring (a piston ring with an L-shaped cross section) has been used on some air-cooled two-stroke gasoline engines. is limited by its thermal load endurance. So piston and cylinGood performance has been obtained; the reason is unknown. der become the most important factors to the engine's perforThe maximum power of these small engines (used mainly for mance. L-ring effects are examined in the light of these temsmall cars, motorcycles, outboard motors, snown~obiles, etc.) perature measurements.


This article draws a parallelism between the big bang theory and the beginning of a drawing. This one aims to summarize several approaches of artists, art theorists and the drawing experience through a personal artistic project. Some work, exposed as an example of creative process based on the big bang, showing how the new parameters of contemporary drawing offers to artist numerous possibilities for focus the artistic research.


The advantages of debt rather than equity capital and capital gain rather than dividend income under present tax policy are well known. Here we show that by shifting the burden of default risk from lenders to shareholders, the conglomerate firm can use relatively more debt, and by raising the likelihood of internal investment opportunities it can offer relatively more income in the capital gain form. Thus the present tax treatments of interest expense and capital gains offer inducements for the conglomerate organization of business enterprise.


With the continuous development of network information technology, the network is filled with a large number of all kinds of unstructured data called big data. However, this data is not easily stored in a local database. People realize that it is essential to get useful information from the Internet efficiently. The effort to gather information by human hands has led to the emergence of web crawler technology. However, the existing search engines still have shortcomings in topic similarity judgment and web page sorting algorithm. Therefore, this paper applies PageRank algorithm to topic crawler, constructs a vertical search engine, and introduces topic relevance factor to suppress "topic drift" according to the shortcomings of PageRank algorithm.


To evaluate the diagnostic value of Copeptin as a novel biomarker in early diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction. 56 patients with acute Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) and 25 healthy controls who were admitted to the Cardiology and Clinical Pathology Departments, national heart institute (NHI) from October 2015 to April 2016. The kit used a double-antibody sandwich enzymelinked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) to assay the level of Human Copeptin in samples. As regard copeptin, the median range of copeptin level was 242.5pg/ml in patient group and 75pg/ml in control group. The comparative study between the two groups shows a significant difference (p < 0.05) Conclusion: Copeptin is a reliable diagnostic tool in patients with AMI (STEMI) with sensitivity 85.7%, specificity 86.7%, PPV 96% and NPV 61.9%.


Grevillea trichantha Olde, a rare species in the Triloba Group is described. It appears to be most closely related to another rare species, G. metamorpha Makinson and is more common, though its localised distribution still requires a high conservation priority. Grevillea trichantha is the third species in the Triloba Group in which the perianth is consistently, but not always uniformly, hairy. A short key differentiating the three species is provided.


Background : Effects of storage period on platelet activation of random-donor platelets (RDP) prepared from whole blood units and single-donor platelets (SDP) prepared from single-donor apheresis collections have been investigated in this study. We also analyzed the correlation between amount of blood cells and platelet activation in random-donor platelets. Methods : RDP and SDP were collected at 1 day, 3 day, or 5 day during storage. In case of SDP, whole blood was also collected just before apheresis. The platelet activation in RDP and SDP was measured by flowcytometry using monoclonal antibodies against CD41a, CD61 and CD62p. Results : In SDP, MCFI against CD62p has been significantly increased during storage and any significant differences are not found according to the kinds of pheresis machines. In RDP, no significant differences in MCFI against CD62p were found with storage period and showed a increased MCFI dependent only on the number of platelets. Conclusion: Single-donor platelets should be used as soon as possible for transfusion due to progressive platelet activation with storage period. On the other hand, a proper number of platelets should be maintained under strict quality control system to minimize platelet activation in RDP.


This content analysis of both traditional and online polls in selected U.S. newspapers from 1996 to 1998 finds substantial differences in the way they are reported in news stories.


A novel α-oximation reaction of unactivated aldehydes has been achieved in excellent yields by reaction with NaNO(2)-FeCl(3) couple and in the presence of pyrrolidine as organocatalyst.


We have developed a multi-functional joint mechanism with variable joint stiffness and the ability to sense external forces. In this joint, silicone rubber cushions are employed to adjust the joint stiffness by controlling the pressure in the cushions. In this study, we constructed a basic control system to synchronize joint motion and stiffness with those of a human, for potential application in human-assistive robotic technologies. This system consists of a human-motion measurement tool, a system to control joint position, and a pneumatic control system for joint stiffness. Human joint stiffness was estimated by inputting electromyography signals into the mathematical musculoskeletal model proposed by Shin[9]; the result was inputted into the joint stiffness control unit. To synchronize the robot motion and joint stiffness with that of a human, we introduced a compensator into the joint stiffness control loop. This element recovers the delay and insufficient gain of a pneumatic system. Through several experiments, we confirmed that this basic control system satisfactorily follows human dynamic motion, reflecting the change in joint stiffness. In addition, the experimental results showed that the adjustment of joint stiffness is necessary for a robot to achieve human-like dynamic motion.


It is widely believed that the protein structures are determined by the combination of various physical interactions, among which the electrostatic interaction between electric charges is one of the most well-defined physical factors. Therefore, the electrostatic effects have been studied for various individual proteins so far [1, 2]. However, the analysis of the electric charge distribution of total proteins in a proteome has little been studied yet. The electric charge distribution of total sequences in a proteome is the result of evolutionary processes, and there must be two kinds of evolutionary pressures on the variation of charges in sequences: On one hand, the sequences of electric charges are randomized by mutations of amino acid sequences. On the other hand, some of charged residues are preserved because of their functional and structural importance. Thus, interesting questions arise how random is the sequences of charged residues in a proteome and whether the attractive interaction is dominant for the formation of globular proteins. In this work, we calculated the autocorrelation function of electric charges in all amino acid sequences of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteome. Furthermore, we carried out simulations of amino acid sequences so that the autocorrelation function of electric charges can be reproduced by simple rule of the generation of charged residues. The results indicated that the repulsive interaction was surprisingly dominant in the total proteomes and this characteristic feature of a proteome is partially reproducible, assuming the local positive correlation of charged residues, but the long range repulsion could not be reproduced easily.


Dear Editor, We read with great interest the study by Idris et al. recently published in Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism. In the study, the authors compared the cardiorenal efficacies of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4is) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with and without cardiovascular and renal diseases (CVRD). However, the relative effects of SGLT2is and DPP4is on cardiorenal outcomes in T2D without CVRD revealed in the study conducted by Idris et al. are inconsistent with those revealed in previous studies. For example, Idris et al. found that SGLT2is were associated with a significantly lower risk of heart failure (HF) but had similar risks of stroke and cardiovascular mortality (CVM) compared with DPP4is in CVRD-free T2D patients, whereas previous studies found that SGLT2is were associated with significantly lower risks of stroke and CVM, but had a similar risk of HF compared with DPP4is in this population. Hence, to resolve the conflicting data, we conducted a meta-analysis to analyse the relative efficacy of SGLT2is versus DPP4is on cardiorenal endpoints in CVRDfree T2D patients. In the absence of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focusing on cardiorenal outcomes in T2D patients treated with SGLT2is or DPP4is, we identified cohort studies directly comparing the effects of SGLT2is and DPP4is on cardiorenal outcomes in CVRD-free T2D patients by searching Embase and PubMed from the date of inception of the databases to 22 September 2021 (the search strategy is detailed in Table S1). Outcomes of interest were HF, chronic kidney disease (CKD), stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), all-cause mortality (ACM), and CVM. Three studies met the inclusion criteria. Using both survival data (i.e. hazard ratios [HRs] with 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) and dichotomous data (i.e. the numbers of events and total subjects in each study group, with results expressed through risk ratios [RRs] with 95% CIs), we performed both random-effects and fixed-effects meta-analyses. We reported random-effects results (I > 50%) or fixed-effects results (I ≤ 50%). Statistical analyses were performed using Stata/MP (16.0). Among the three studies that met the inclusion criteria, the study conducted by Idris et al. enrolled T2D patients both with and without CVRD, while the other two studies only enrolled T2D patients without CVRD. We extracted the corresponding outcome data of CVRD-free T2D patients from the three studies for this meta-analysis. The extracted data and characteristics of the included studies are shown in Table S2. The cohorts from the included studies were similar in terms of mean age and proportion of females and involved a total of 139 715 SGLT2i users and 139 715 DPP4i users. Meta-analysis of the survival data showed that SGLT2is, in comparison with DPP4is, were associated with a 25% greater reduction in HF (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.66-0.86; Figure 1A), a 54% greater reduction in CKD (HR 0.46, 95% CI 0.24-0.90; Figure 1B), and a 33% greater reduction in ACM (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.61-0.74; Figure 1E); however, the two drug classes had similar risks of stroke (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.55-1.02; Figure 1C), MI (HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.84-1.10; Figure 1D), and CVM (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.50-1.08; Figure 1F). Meta-analysis of the dichotomous data showed that SGLT2is, in comparison with DPP4is, were associated with a 29% greater reduction in HF (RR 0.71, 95% CI 0.63-0.80; Figure 1G), a 54% greater reduction in CKD (RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.29-0.74; Figure 1H), and a 34% greater reduction in ACM (RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.59-0.72; Figure 1K); however, the two drug classes had similar risks of stroke (RR 0.76, 95% CI 0.58-1.01; Figure 1I), MI (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.76-1.27; Figure 1J), and CVM (RR 0.71, 95% CI 0.481.05; Figure 1L). The results of meta-analysis of the survival data (Figure 1A-F) were consistent with those of the dichotomous data (Figure 1G-L), showing the robustness of pooled results. We found that, compared with DPP4is, SGLT2is were associated with significantly lower risks of HF, CKD, and ACM in CVRD-free T2D patients, but that the two drug classes had similar risks of stroke, MI, and CVM. Similarly, three recent meta-analyses based on RCTs suggested that SGLT2is could yield better HF, renal failure, and mortality outcomes. Inconsistent with our findings, two other meta-analyses based on cardiorenal outcome trials showed that SGLT2is led to clear and consistent reductions in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE, a composite of non-fatal stroke, non-fatal MI, or CVM) regardless of baseline metformin use and history of cardiovascular disease. There are a few possible reasons for these inconsistent findings. First, the previous metaanalyses included patients with T2D or CVRD, whereas ours included only patients with T2D without CVRD. Second, the previous meta-analyses compared SGLT2is with a placebo, whereas ours compared SGLT2is with DPP4is. Finally, the previous meta-analyses were conducted based on RCTs, whereas ours was based on cohort studies because of the lack of relevant active-controlled trials. Three other meta-analyses based on cohort studies, among which the study conducted by Longato et al. involved both original data analysis and meta-analysis, assessed the cardiorenal efficacy of SGLT2is compared with DPP4is in T2D patients overall, but failed to Received: 1 October 2021 Revised: 26 October 2021 Accepted: 31 October 2021


Behind any cloud-based service there is a complex infrastructure that varies greatly depending on the industry and the types of services provided. Storing, searching and finding data through deep learning and artificial intelligence is the logical and necessary way forward. In the entertainment industry for example, digital media libraries offer massive amounts of media materials to the public where the big issues are finding, accessing and recommending specific content out of enormous set of choices. One way to approach the issue is through media-descriptive metadata, which comes as plain text (synopsis), sounds (narration), images (cover shots, etc.) or short videos (trailers). This however, is the conventional way that is building even more around the problem of finding specific content easily, hence not directly solving the main issue. This is so not only because specific applications must be developed, but also because they require physical human interaction with the system by using user dependent keystrokes in most cases. This in turn makes the access and extraction of digital content cumbersome and slow. Hence a better, more personalized automatic behind the scenes approach is needed.


The development of the first AGGA (Advanced GPS/GLONASS ASIC) device was initiated within ESA's Earth Observation Preparatory Programme (EOPP) in order to support the Earth observation applications of navigation signals. After prototyping iterations, the flight component known as AGGA-2 was manufactured under Atmel product code T7905E [0]. The AGGA-2 is a space-qualified digital integrated circuit providing all the high-speed digital signal processing functionality for EO applications such as atmospheric sounding with radio occultation (RO) [2] and precise orbit determination (POD) of Low Earth orbiters for gravity field determination, altimetry, SAR interferometry, etc. The AGGA-2 design includes novel techniques for which international patents were assigned to the Agency.


We examined the relationships among team orientation, team member exchange (TMX), and cooperative goals. We predicted that, at the group level, average team orientation would be positively associated with TMX, and that cooperative goals would mediate that relationship. Over a 6-week period we conducted a 2-wave survey among 540 Chinese college students who were living in 93 dormitories. Results showed that, at the group level, team orientation at Time 1 significantly predicted TMX at Time 2, through the mediation of cooperative goals at Time 2. Implications of this research and future directions are discussed.


This methane conversion work studies a plasma reaction system for the production of organic oxygenates. The reactor consists of a glass dielectric interposed between the metal electrodes and a flowing gas stream through which kilovolt ac power with frequencies in the range of 100−200 Hz is applied. The geometry for this amounts to an annular system in which gas flows axially between the electrodes, with one electrode covered by a glass plate. The effect of the glass dielectric is to distribute the microdischarges across the entire electrode area and limit the duration of each microdischarge. The partial oxidation studies in this configuration produce methanol and other oxygenates (formaldehyde, formic acid, methyl formate). Selectivities for these products combined amount to 50−65%. These are the primary products when oxygen is included in the feed to the reactor. Thus far, experiments with low methane conversions have been conducted (up to around 25%) to minimize liquid condensation in the reactor. Bypro...


This study aimed was to examine the potential development of beef cattle in East Sumba Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. The study used a secondary data by analyzing the structure of livestock populations, livestock density, i.e., economic density, regional density and farming density. Location Quotient (LQ) was used to find out the comparative advantage of beef cattle in East Sumba Regency. The results of the analysis showed that the population of beef cattle in East Sumba Regency during the last five years (2014-2018) showed an increase in population of 2.03% per year, with population structure based on the age of livestock, i.e. 2.821 AU of calf, 5.342 AU of heifers and 29.843 AU of cattle. Livestock density in terms of economic density shows a dense category (> 300 AU/person) 55% in 12 districts, regional density showed a rare category (<10 AU/Km2) 81.82% in 18 districts and farming density showed a balanced category between moderate (0.25 - 1.0 AU/ha) and rare (<0.25 AU/ha), 45.45% in 20 districts. While districts with a LQ value > 1 (potential) was reached 40.91% are found in 8 districts namely Lewa, Nggaha Ori Angu, Karera, Kahaungu Eti, Pahunga Lodu, Rindi, Pandawai and Haharu. This showed that there were 8 districts that have a comparative advantage in beef cattle production.


Purpose: To analyze time-dependent changes in refractive errors after cataract surgery using coaxial incision and IOL implantation. Methods: The analysis data were based on medical records of 180 eyes that were treated for more than 180 days after cataract surgery at the S ophthalmic clinic in Gangneung, Gangwon-do, from March 2014 to June 2019. The ocular examinations and surgery were performed by the same optometrist and the same ophthalmologist, respectively. Changes in refractive errors, visual acuity, and corneal astigmatism were analyzed after surgery for 60 eyes each with emmetropia, myopia, and hyperopia, respectively, classified by pre-surgery refraction. Results: Post-surgery spherical power was changed toward hyperopia compared to expected spherical power before surgery. These changes at 180 days after surgery were +0.47 D (p<0.001) in the hyperopic group, +0.28 D (p<0.001) in the myopia group, and +0.09 D in the emmetropia group. Post-surgery, the cylindrical power decreased gradually and in a time-dependent manner in all groups (p<0.001). The visual acuity was the highest at 30 days and slightly decreased at 180 days (0.96 in the emmetropia group, 0.94 in the myopia group, and 0.95 in the hyperopic group). Corneal astigmatism was significantly decreased (p<0.001) in all groups compared to that at pre-surgery. Conclusions: In the healing process after cataract surgery, refractive errors changed toward hyperopia and coaxial incision can result in a decrease in astigmatism.


Abstract : Multiyear contracting has largely fallen out of favor due to an inability to quantify savings, Congressional reluctance to commit appropriations for greater than one year and the restrictive nature of cancellation ceilings. Previous studies of multiyear contracting have concentrated on advantages to the Government and neglected the needs and motivation of industry. This study examines the perspective of prime contractors awarded a major system multiyear contract from 1985 to 1991. A survey was conducted to obtain the contractor perspective, counterbalanced with responses from the Government program offices which administered the contracts. This study concluded that: contractors desire a greater say in what programs are selected for multiyear; successful programs, as often as not, still contain an element of instability; contractors believe compensation for risk undertaken is not entirely adequate; and savings from multiyear are potentially greater but still derived entirely from economic order quantity purchases.


An assessment of the physical and mechanical properties of Acacia mangium and Acacia auriculiformis from two
different provenances, Papua New Guinea and Queensland, Australia were carried out. Three healthy trees of
each species were sampled from Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. The main objective of the study was to
determine the effect of site, species or provenance on the properties of these woods. The tests were carried out in
accordance with British Standard BS 373 Standard. The results showed that the specific gravity and the
mechanical properties of the samples were affected by the species and provenances. The Indonesian samples
exhibited the best results in terms of both physical and mechanical properties compared to the Malaysian and
Thailand samples. A. auriculiformis recorded better performance than A. mangium. The results also revealed that
the Papua New Guinea provenance was superior for both species.


The invention discloses a box direction recognition method. The method comprises the steps that a light emitter emits infrared signals to a light receiver; the light receiver generates corresponding signals by judging whether the infrared signals are received or not; the signals generated by the light receiver are judged; when it is judged that the signals generated by the light receiver are open signals, it is determined that boxes are placed correctly; when it is judged that the signals generated by the light receiver are closing signals, it is judged that boxes are placed mistakenly, and alarm signals are generated. According to the box direction recognition method, the phenomenon that boxes are placed reversely can be effectively prevented, and the problem that boxes are lost when placed reversely is effectively solved.


This project pretends to examine the social representations immersed in the upbringing styles, assumed inside a belong to a community in a specific historical moment for studying, and therefore the family models accompanied by a typical environment in a generational manner. Through the application of a qualitative methodology, the research worked with young adults and older adults by using focus groups and the semi-structured interview, where whose primary objective was to identify social representations of parenting styles in the (adults and older) youngers and indigenous people from Zumbahua Parish through an intergenerational comparative debate. The project intends to determine the tacit knowledge and the guidelines that define or characterize the upbringing styles that people used in Zumbahua Parish in a traditional and contemporary way to be able to distinguish differences or similarities in each method that they used by each generation. The relevance of this research resides in need to analyze the social representations as determinants in the individual and collective behaviors establishment as well as to appreciate restructuring processes through the communicative exchange in a social environment. In this way, it was established an analysis and study precedent of an Ecuadorian indigenous community immersed in a contemporary environment supplied by national and global policies.


The study was conducted in Gulbarga district of North East Karnataka region during the year 2014-15. The 120 respondents were selected from the district as sample size and the purposive sampling method was adopted to collect the relevant data. The data was elicited through personnel interview method and analyzed using mean, standard deviation, frequency, percentage and correlation. Majority (44.17 %) of the respondents had medium level of knowledge and one third (41.67 %) of the respondents belonged to medium level of adoption category of about post-harvest management practice. Out of eleven variable studied one important variable annual income were highly significant (P<0.01) with knowledge level while a significant relationship (P<0.05) was observed with education, achievement motivation and economic motivation of Peogenpea growers. Variables like education and annual income exerted highest positive correlation coefficient (P<0.01) with extent of adoption of post-harvest management practices. Variable like education, Achievement motivation and Economic motivation had positive significant relationship (P<0.05) with extent of adoption.


Rough and tumble play has been defined as physically vigorous behaviors, such as chase and play fighting, that are accompanied by positive feelings between the players[1]. The authors argue that rough and tumble play is an important component of the ancestral health mismatch. While diet, sun exposure, sleep, and other lifestyle factors have received the lion's share of attention and study in the ancestral mismatch hypothesis, there is a growing understanding that movement may also be a primary factor in the ancestral mismatch problem[2][3]. Less attention has been paid to the role of play as a primary motivating system for movement, and an educational impulse that has implications across a huge range of psychosocial and motor development[4][5][6].


The purpose of this study was to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) and the adhesive remnant index (ARI) after Accelerated Artificial Aging (AAA) of metal orthodontic brackets bonded with self-polymerizing (Concise Ortodôntico CS, 3M Unitek) and light activated (Transbond Plus Color Change TPCC, 3M Unitek) composites, to enamel with different surface treatments. Sixty recently-extracted human premolars were selected. Their roots were embedded in chemically activated acrylic resin so that the vestibular face was perpendicular to the horizontal plane. They were cleaned with pumice stone and water for 10 seconds, washed and dried. The teeth were randomly separated into 5 groups (n=12), according to the type of enamel surface treatment, and composite used for bracket bonding: Group I 37% phosphoric acid (Dental Gel, Dentsply) and CS; Group II 37% phosphoric acid + Primer and CS; Group III 37% phosphoric acid and TPCC; Group IV 37% phosphoric acid + XT Primer (3M Unitek) and TPCC; and Group V – Transbond Plus Self Etching Primer SEP (3M Unitek) and TPCC. Twenty-four hours after bracket bonding, half the samples from each group (n=6) were submitted to AAA for 960 hours. All the samples were submitted to shear bond strength testing with a chisel, in a Universal Test Machine (DL 200, EMIC) at a speed of 0.5 mm/min. After bracket debonding caused by the shear bond strength test, the ARI was evaluated under a loupe (10X) and quantified according to a score (0-3). Data were statistically analyzed (2-way ANOVA, Bonferroni, p<0.05) and it was verified that there was no statistically significant difference among Groups as a function of AAA (p>0.05). When comparing the adhesive systems used, it was verified that Group II without AAA showed the highest mean SBS, a statistically significant result (p<0.05) in comparison with Groups III and V, which showed the lowest mean SBS. As regards ARI, all the groups without AAA showed higher frequency of Index 3. With AAA, there was increased frequency of indexes 1 and 2. It was concluded that AAA did not influence SBS of brackets to the tooth, but diminished the area of adhesive remnant on the tooth.


Classical evolutionary life history concerns questions such as optimal timing of maturation, life span and number of offspring. These questions have mostly been studied theoretically under the assumption that the environment is stable and without taking into account frequency and density dependence. Life history theory is the basis for my thesis, in which I have studied the evolution of different life history strategies with a game theoretical approach incorporating both stochasticity and frequency and density dependence. The evolution of sexual reproduction has been considered enigmatic, but by incorporating competition, mating system and survival I show that sexual reproduction does not necessarily suffer from a twofold cost in terms of net population growth rate. This makes it easier to explain why sexual reproduction is such a successful and widespread reproductive strategy. I have also studied bet-hedging, i.e., risk-spreading. In a stochastic environment, where it is impossible to predict how large eggs or seeds need to be in order to survive and reproduce optimally, a female has to hedge her bets in order to make sure that some of her offspring survive. My result shows that the optimal strategy is to have variation in offspring size both within and between clutches. For some organisms, stochastic changes in weather can mean that the environment changes from livable to impossible to sustain an active life. Depending on the autocorrelation in the environment, I show that dormancy can evolve in both juveniles and adults or in just one of the stages. Changes in the environment does not necessarily have to be so detrimental that the bad periods can not sustain life. Individuals then have the two options to survive, they can either migrate or stay and adjust to the ''bad'' season. The choice that individuals make is frequency and density dependent were each individual migrates with a certain probability. Depending on parameter values, the evolutionary stable strategy ranges from obligate residency to obligate migration. When separating juvenile and adult migration probabilities, an optimal strategy is for juveniles to migrate and adults to stay as residents (depending on parameter values). This way of modeling evolutionary and ecological problems are found in frameworks such as adaptive dynamics and evolutionary game theory. The combination of evolution and ecology that adaptive dynamics uses appears to be a useful tool that can be used to solve many evolutionary questions. (Less)


Purpose: To study the mutagenic and antimutagenic effects of fig extract (FE). Methods: The in vitro micronucleus test in human lymphocytes was used. The effect of FE on mutagenesis induced by MMC and  ray was studied. Results: Within the dosage of 0.05~0.45 g/ml, FE had no mutagenicity, but inhibited  ray and MMC induced micronucleus formation. FE also inhibited spontaneous micronucleus formation in old donors and tumor patients. Conclusion: FE has an antimutagenic effect.


Bank is a financial institution that has an important role in community life. Bank soundness can be assessed using company performance. This quantitative research aims to test whether there is an influence between the performance of banking companies as measured by Return on Assets, Net Interest Margin and Capital Adequacy Ratio to stock price changes. In the period of study used is the year 2008 to 2015 by using a sample of 32. Data sources in the form of secondary data obtained from financial statements and stock prices. The test in this research uses F test to simultaneously test and t test to test partially with SPSS 20.0 for window. The result of research with F test shows that Return On Assets, Net Interest Margin and Capital Adequacy Ratio jointly influence to stock price and from t test result obtained that Net Interest Margin have negative and significant effect to Stock Price.


Abstract This paper reports and analyzes a survey measuring preferences toward a variety of housing environments among urban youth from a cross-section of social and economic backgrounds. Responses are broken down by race, ethnicity, economic level, and type of housing presently occupied. Although the results show specific differences among socioeconomic groupings, there is no indication of any real rejection of current housing patterns. Implications of these findings for future housing policy are outlined.


A RECENT review of research on stimulating response to mail questionnaires reported that "none of the studies experimentally tested the effect ... of including a deadline with the mail questionnaires" (Linsky, 1975:96). To date, as indicated by a search of the literature published subsequent to this review, the impact of a deadline has yet to be established experimentally. The present study attempts to fill this hiatus.


Fluorinated polymers or chemicals with long length of fluorinated tail are often used to enhance the hydrophobicity and oleophobicity of surfaces. In this work, superhydrophobic and highly solvent-repellent surfaces were fabricated by using a series of block copolymers with 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl substituted siloxane segments via an electrospinning process. The contact angles of deionized water on the electrospun films are higher than 150° and the water roll-off angles are less than 10°, denoting a superhydrophobic property for the electrospun films. The electrospun films can also exhibit contact angles higher than 150° for glycerol, formamide, and diethylene glycol. Moreover, it is surprising to find that very high contact angles with small roll-off angles on the electrospun films could be obtained by using the oil liquids colored by 0.4 wt % oil-soluble dyes. By investigating the properties of the thin/electrospun films of block copolymers, it is found that the microphase-separation behavior of block cop...


Using ADAMS as supporting platform,the simulating model of variable range four-bar linkage was studied.By use of ADAMS,the graph of angular velocity,angular acceleration and impulse was carried out.A framework of design and simulation using ADAMS softwares was proposed.


Proper identification of event sponsors is a key concern in sponsorship communication. Although practitioners have assumed that event sponsors are identified primarily through pure recollection, the authors show that sponsor identification involves a substantial degree of construction. Results from three experiments indicate that sponsor identification is biased toward brands that are prominent in the marketplace and semantically related to the event. These biases appear to emanate from constructive processes whereby, during identification, respondents use the prominence and relatedness of available brands as heuristics to verify their recollection of event-sponsor associations. The effects of relatedness on sponsor identification seem stronger and more robust than those of prominence, which appears to be invoked only for large events. Both effects are robust across methods of identification assessment though less pronounced when the accuracy threshold is high.


This paper mainly discussed the probability and statistics courses includes thinking of naturalization conversion way,thinking method of numeral-form combination,thinking method of the mathematical model,thinking method of axiomatic way,thinking method of classified discussion.Timely penetration and research of these common mathematical thinking method in teaching is positive to enhance students' interest,improve the quality of thinking,and guide students to learn effectively.


- Data from the Ministry of Civil Works and Public Housing (Kementrian PUPR) in 2019 shows that around 81 million millennials do not own houses. Government Regulation Number 25 of 2020 on the Implementation of Public Housing Savings, commonly called PP 25 Tapera 2020, is one of the government's efforts to ensure that Indonesian people can afford houses. Tapera is a deposit of workers for house financing, which is refundable after the term expires. Immediately after enaction, there were many public responses regarding the ordinance. We investigate public sentiments commenting on the regulation and use Support Vector Machine (SVM) in the study since it has a good level of accuracy. It also requires labels and training data. To speed up labeling, we use the lexicon-based method. The issue in the lexicon-based lies in the dictionary component as the most significant factor. Therefore, it is possible to update the dictionary automatically by combining lexicon-based and SVM. The SVM approach can contribute to lexicon-based, and lexicon-based can help label datasets on SVM to produce good accuracy. The research begins with collecting data from Twitter, preprocessing raw and unstructured data into ready-to-use data, labeling the data with lexicon-based, weighting with TF-IDF, processing using SVM, and evaluating algorithm performance model with a confusion matrix. The results showed that the combination of lexicon-based and SVM worked well. Lexicon-based managed to label 519 tweet data. SVM managed to get an accuracy value of 81.73% with the RBF kernel function. Another test with a Sigmoid kernel attains the highest precision at 78.68%. The RBF kernel has the highest recall result with a value of 81.73%. Then, the F1-score for both the RBF kernel and Sigmoid is 79.60%.


The power graph P(G) of a group G is an undirected graph whose vertex set is G and two vertices x,y 2 G are adjacent if and only if hxi h yi or hyi h xi (which is equivalent to say x 6 y and x m = y or y m = x for some non-negative integer m). Clearly, the power graph P(G) of any group G is always connected. The number of spanning trees of the power graph P(G) of a group G, which is denoted by (G) and call the tree-number of G, will be investigated for certain finite groups G in this talk. Indeed, the explicit formula for the tree-number of a cyclic group or a generalized quaternion group is obtained. We have also determined, up to isomorphism, the structure of any finite group G for which (G) < 125.


This article shows the trends and features of talents training for nature sciences disciplines in recent ten years,based on the analysis of recipient projects of national teaching outcome awards in recent three competitions. The trends and features have important implications for future reform in talents training for nature science disciplines.


Rates of ovarian development in L. cuprina are determined by ambient temperatures and females require a minimum of 57 day degrees above 8 °C to mature their first complement of eggs. The number of oocytes that a female can mature depends on her size and the amount of protein‐rich material ingested. Under field conditions, females usually obtain sufficient protein to reach maturity but rarely mature their full egg complements (Vogt et al., 1985), i.e., most females resorb some of their oocytes. Oocyte resorption prolongs the maturation period by approximately 0.3 day degrees/oocyte resorbed.


The Ecuadorian government is interested in promoting the integration of renewable energies in the transport sector with special attention to the Galapagos Islands. In this context, this paper describes the design and implementation of a computer cloud platform loud of monitoring of the behavior of a charging station for electric vehicles, powered from an isolated photovoltaic solar system currently operating at the Huachi campus of the Technical University of Ambato. In the present study a brief description of the design, dimensioning, installation and commissioning of photovoltaic solar charging station for electric vehicle installed at the city of Ambato is presented. Remote monitoring of the integrated electric station into a cloud platform ensures optimal track the performance of solar installations in different geographical areas of the country. In this sense the photovoltaic solar charging station for electric vehicles represents a replicable and scalable prototype in isolated areas, is special in the Galapagos Islands. The remote monitoring cloud platform allows analyzing the behavior of the different elements of the solar installation: panels, regulators, batteries and inverters. The presentation of the acquired data visually allows the load recorder of the installation the correct behavior of the electric station and be alert to unexpected failures, guaranteeing the normal operation of the electric station.


. The field of x-ray radiography is well established for doing non-destructive evaluation of a vast ar-ray of components, assemblies, and objects. While x-rays excel in many radiography applications, their effeo tiveness diminishes rapidly if the objects of interest are surrounded by thidc, highdensity materials that strongly attenuate photons. Due to the differences in interaction mechanisms, neutron radiography is highly ef-fective in imaging details inside such objects. To obtain a high intensity neutron source suitable for neutron imaging a 9- MeV linear accelerator is being evaluated for putting a deuteron beam into a high-pressure deuterium gas cell. As a windowless aperture is needed to transport the beam into the gas cell, a low-emittance is needed to minimize losses along the high-energy beam transport (HEBT) and the end statim A description of the HEBT, the transport optics into the &as cell, and the requirements for the linac will be presented.


Thunder waves generated by lightning ground and cloud flashes are considered to be one of strong natural sound source. Even though the strongest thunder signatures are generated at the return stroke stage, thunder signals generated at other events also can be strong enough to record using a sensitive system. In this study, it was attempted to construct the channel geometry of cloud and ground flashes by locating the temporal and spatial variation of thunder sources. The system was consisted of 3 Bruel & Kjaer type 4198 prepolarized, free field 1/2' microphones placed at difference locations. A mathematical model using the time of arrival method was developed to calculate the location of thunder sources. Five lightning flashes were reconstructed using the recorded thunder signatures. Possible effects that can cause by atmospheric conditions were neglected. However, numerical calculations suggest that the possible error on the location due to miscalculations of time is less than 2%. Accuracy of the calculations can be improved by increasing the number of microphones. Therefore, we suggests that the thunder signal generated by lightning ground and cloud flashes could be used to study the channel geometry of lightning.


Transition metal complexes play a key role in creating efficient molecular catalysis processes leading to the ammonia production from earth-abundant dinitrogen. It is indispensable to examine the mechanism and influence of transition metal complexes on dinitrogen hydrogenation. In this paper, the mechanism of the dinitrogen hydrogenation triggered by bimetallic complexes [L2M]2(μ-η2:η2-N2) (M = Ta and Zr, L = Sita-type or Chirik-type ligand) is investigated by density functional theory calculation. Our results show that the side-on ditantalum dinitrogen complex with Sita-type ligands favors the pathway of homolytic dihydrogen splitting when hydrogenation products are generated. However, the dihydrogen splitting switches to the heterolytic pathway as the dominant mechanism when Zr is the metal center. The ditantalum dinitrogen complex undergoes hydrogenation much easier from the side-on coordination mode than the side-on-end-on mode with Sita-type or Chirik-type ligands. With these findings from the comput...


This paper presents the results of a study that sought to determine if preservice mathematics teachers' perceptions toward a 12-week blogging activity, used as a supportive teaching and learning tool in a college Euclidean Geometry course, differed based on the amount of their selfreported weekly time spent on the Internet. Data was collected using a questionnaire comprised of demographic questions, 16 Likert-type scale items designed to measure participants' attitude toward the blogging activity, and another 18 Likert-type scale items designed to measure participants' perceived effectiveness of the blogging activity. The study found that participants who spend more time on the Internet perceived the blogging activities to be more effective than those who spend less time on the Internet. Overall, the participants found enjoyed the blogging activity and found it to be effective and helpful.


Beginning in the 1980s, leading scholars in a variety of disciplines returned to the study of nationalism and identity in general (Calhoun 1993, Comaroff and Stern 1994). The new work marked a transition in how nationalism was per ceived. While some holdouts still argue for the primacy of a common ethnicity or nation, the inventors and imaginers of nationhood have largely won the intellectual argument (Smith 1986, Gellner 1985, Hobsbawm 1991, Anderson 1991, Breuilly 1994). The focus is no longer on how peoples unite themselves, but how states invent nations. This new literature, while a corrective on the old essentialism, may have gone too far in its social-constructivism. The new perspective tends to assume historical malleability and state agency; traditions can be invented and states that wish to can do so. Work on nationalism largely ignores a very prominent exception to the global pattern of nationalism.2 This paper analyses the rela tionship between history and nationalism in Latin America. It defines and ex plains the development of a national collective memory in eleven Latin Amer ican countries3 through the examination of public statuary, street names, post age stamps, and currencies. The national iconographies in Latin America make clear how much state efforts to create nationalism rely on history, the mythic raw material with which to construct communities. Emphasizing history does not mean a return to de terminism or the supremacy of national character. History is malleable and partly the creature of power. Traditions are invented. But never completely. Nationalism, much like culture, is situationally grounded (Fine 1979). States and their elites are embedded in the societies from which they rise and they can only use those iconographic resources available to them. Each state might try to create its own myths and each elite its own genealogies, but because there are different histories, there will be different nationalisms. States may make their own history, but not entirely as they please.4 The Latin American cases contribute to our awareness of the critical impor tance of historical conjecture. They indicate that nationalism, as normally un


The thin film varistors of ZnO-Bi 2 O 3 multilayer junctions were fabricated by RF sputtering. The nonlinear I-V characteristics and nonlinear coefficient, α, under reverse bias were found to be effected by the composition and structure of the varistor multilayers. The threshold voltage is predominantly determined by the microstructure and thickness of the Bi 2 O 3 layer in thin film varistors, while that can be tuned by altering the donor density in ZnO, which was achieved by varying Al doping concentration or sputtering conditions. The higher leakage current and lower nonlinear coefficient associated with the ZnO layer doped with Al (ZnO:Al) can be improved by inserting another ZnO layer doped with selective transition metal impurities between ZnO:Al and Bi 2 O 3 layers. The microstructure and defects of the multilayers were investigated in detail and related to the performance of the electrical properties.


There are many boundaries in society. There are geological boundaries, cultural boundaries, national boundaries and others. For persons with disabilities, there are other types of boundaries, such as physical, informational and social boundaries. They may be called barriers. In this paper, I define boundaries as barriers which prevent persons with disabilities from accessing and enjoying services, information and activities in the society in which they live. In December 2006, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. This highlights the recent achievement of disability movements which have strived to move social boundaries for persons with disabilities, so that their human rights will be protected. This paper first reviews the types and the nature of barriers that persons with disabilities face every day, and changing definitions of disability from the perspectives of medicine to social inclusion. The section also discusses the recently adopted International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and its implications for future development in the field of disability. Second, the paper discusses an emerging trend to include disability in the field of international cooperation and development. This will particularly ensure moving social boundaries for persons with disabilities in developing countries. The section reviews activities of new players, including multilateral and bi-lateral development banks such as the World Bank, Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), as well as US Agency for International Development (USAID), in their efforts to include disability issues into their activities, as part of achieving the millennium development goals adopted at the World Millennium Summit in 2000. This paper concludes by pointing out a concern of imposing a simplified rights-based approach being promoted by north-based rights organizations and suggests that the voices of the very poor persons with disabilities in the south and involvement of the community be promoted. This paper also suggests a comprehensive approach rather than a piecemeal


We consider the problem of reconstructing depth with intensity image plus noisy data obtained from active illumination time-of-flight(ToF) sensor. Since information contained in 2D monocular image and 3D sensor data are to some extent complementary, combining them together should theoretically give a more accurate and robust depth estimation. However, the barrier between: (1) 2D and 3D data, (2) 2D intensity image and 2D depth information is quite non-trivial and there's not an explicit out-of-shelf transformation. Based on this problem, we propose a deep convolutional neural network(DCNN) for the sensor fusion task and researched on overcoming these barriers. Our experiments show that the fusion result has significant dependence on network architectures, data representations, loss functions and so on. Especially, using a log-scale depth discretization can boosts the performance by 40% on NYU-V2 dataset and also largely simplify the conversion between 2D and 3D data.


In this paper, a machine learning (ML)-based power-efficient motion estimation (ME) controller algorithm and VLSI architecture incorporating coding bandwidth and rate-distortion (R-D) cost using convex optimization are proposed to effectuate a smart and bandwidth-efficient ME design for intelligent mobile systems. To be smart and adapt to time-altering coding bandwidth using intelligent power-management techniques in modern application processor systems, we first propose an ML-based bandwidth-on-demand ME controller algorithm based on the convex optimization method to resolve the lack of an awareness of coding bandwidth in prior ME designs. Then, a hardware-friendly and power-efficient VLSI architecture is developed to implement an intelligent, high-performance, and low-power ME controller design that can be combined with prior ME designs to satisfy the bandwidth-efficient ME design target under bandwidth constraints. The final implementation results show that the proposed smart ME controller architecture using our proposed bandwidth control scheme costs 0.816K gate counts, consumes 0.873 mW of power at a working frequency of 1.1 GHz with Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacture Company (TSMC) 90-nm CMOS technology, and achieves an average bandwidth reduction of 56.08% compared with previous non-bandwidth-on-demand ME designs for high-definition (HD) videos.


(57) Abstract: The novel polymeric matrix nasal decongestant pseudoephedrine or a salt thereof in the core, containing e.g. pseudoephedrine sulfate, and on the core thereof, a film coating comprising a non-sedative antihistamine loratadine, film coated sustained-release oral dosage composition, and it is disclosed for use in the treatment of patients showing signs and symptoms associated with the composition in the upper respiratory diseases and nasal congestion.


The potential for drying shrinkage cracking in concrete is related, in part, to the development of a moisture gradient across the cross-section of the concrete element. A model has been developed that incorporates experimental measurements of internal relative humidity to investigate drying shrinkage stress gradients in concrete specimens. The experimental and analytical procedure for using the model is outlined. Initial research involving application of the model has indicated that there is a relationship between drying stress gradient severity and the time to cracking under full restraint. Further development of the model could involve combination with fracture models to investigate microcrack formation and propagation.


The larval stage of the Taenia multiceps; Coenurus cerebralis- causes 'Coenurosis' or 'Gid', a parasitic disease of the central nervous system. Surgical intervention may cure the disease,otherwise it becomes fatal. The objective of this present study is to illustrate a surgical method for the successful removal of cysts from the brain of a Jamunapari goat came to the Upazila Veterinary Hospital, Ghatail, Tangail, Bangladesh. The most important clinical signs include circling movement, pressing the head against obstacles, keeping the head down to the affected side. The disease was diagnosed as 'Coenurosis' and decided to perform a surgery. The incision was made at the operative site and cysts were removed. The surgery of 'Coenurosis' is one of the common surgeries especially at field condition. The surgical method described here for a goat may be useful for the veterinarian for the appropriate management of such disease in the field condition.


The article draws a certain distinction between the existence and the essence of Russian philosophy on the basis of the concrete identity of the national and the universal in the history of philosophy. Based on this difference, the author identifies and examines the prerequisites necessary for the universal content of classical philosophical thought to acquire its national form in Russia. Special attention is drawn to the crucial prerequisite for starting this process. Its creation directly depends on those who today teach the history of philosophy as the main discipline of special philosophical education at the philosophical faculties of domestic universities. They will have to stop teaching this academic discipline only as the history of many philosophical doctrines and theoretically master it as the history of a single philosophy as such. To do this, of course, is not easy, but if the teachers of the history of philosophy do not learn to reveal the inner unity of all classical philosophical teachings from Thales and Parmenides to Schelling and Hegel inclusive, then philosophy in our higher school will finally degenerate into philodoxia, i. e. into love for the opinions of certain, even excellent, philosophers. These opinions have exclusively subjective, special and accidental, and not universal and necessary (objective, or scientific) significance. Consideration of various aspects of this important theoretical and practical-pedagogical problem leads the author of the article to the conclusion that only its solution will allow Russian philosophy to surpass its regional significance and act as a world-class philosophy, or philosophy as such.


Objective To investigate condition of single drug or multiple drug resistance and sensitivities of different combinations of antibiotics in Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infected patients of different ages in Jiaxing City,Zhejiang Province.Methods From January 2007 to December 2011,a total of 6280 patients underwent gastroendoscopy examination were enrolled,the average age of them was 50.8 years old.Among them,129 cases were less than 20 years old,1802 cases were between 20 and 40,3016 cases were between 40 and 60,and 1333 cases were over 60.The mucosa of gastric antrum was collected for H.pylori culture.Drug sensitivity of isolated H.pylori strains was tested with metronidazole,amoxicillin and gentamycin,furazolidone,clarithromycin and levofloxacin.x2 test was performed for the comparison of drug resistance among different age groups.Results Among 6280 specimens,H.pylori culture of 2311 cases was positive (positive rate 36.80%).The positive rate of patients aged between 40 and 60 was the highest (38.43%,1159/3016),and that of patients over 60 was the lowest (33.76%,450/1333).The drug resistance rate of metronidazole in patients between 20 and 40 years reached 98.02% (644/657) and was the highest.The drug resistance rate of clarithromycin in patents over 60 years old was the highest,which was 22.67%(102/450).The drug resistance rates of the levofloxacin,furazolidone,amoxicillin and gentamicin were low of all ages.Mixed resistance of two antibiotic appeared in 586 strains,mixed resistance rate of metronidazole and clarithromycin was the highest (259 strains,15.23 %).Mixed resistance of three drugs appeared in 49 strains,mixed resistance rate of metronidazole,clarithromycin and levofloxacin was the highest (32 strains,12.88%).A total of 1691 strains were sensitive to the combination of amoxicillin and gentamycin,the sensitive was rate 99.41%.The sensitive rate of the combination of amoxicillin and furazolidone,gentamycin and furazolidone was both 94.24%.Conclusions Metronidazole presented high drug resistance of all ages,and should not be chosen.The combination use of amoxicillin and gentamicin is the ideal antibiotic combination for different ages.The combination of gentamycin and furazolidone is recommended for patients who are allergic to penicillin.

Key words:
Helicobacter pylori ;  Drug resistance, multiple, bacterial;  Amoxicillin; Gentamicins;  Furazolidone;  Metronidazole;  Drug therapy, combination;  Age factors


The socialist core values is the scientific theory system through individual internalization into the daily lives of consciousness,idea and the cognitive process of language.The critically examine the process mechanism,which is composed of the core values of socialism,ideological and political education,educational object,educational tools and ways of education and other basic elements of organic matching and formed by the interaction of dynamic process.Identification of the internalized mechanism was educated by explicit learning,practice,experience and intrinsic thinking,choose,fusion and other activities,which will be the core value system of socialism essence and gradually integrate into their own values and continue the operation curing the sum.Mainly includes the core values of the socialist popular explanation mechanism,value theory study and value of life practice combination linkage mechanism,from education,experience to recognize,curing process mechanism.


The invention provides a voice recognition method. The voice recognition method includes the steps of renewing a voice database, and recognizing user instruction voice according to voice information of the voice database. The method has the advantages that each user can establish an exclusive voice database for himself or herself and can associate the database to corresponding information of a standard voice database; the exclusive voice databases of the users can be unceasingly renewed according to use of the users and unceasingly perfected and strengthened, the exclusive voice databases of the users and the standard voice database can be stored in a cloud voice database, the users can easily call the exclusive voice databases of themselves to easily conduct voice control after logging in on any device, and the voice control can be achieved by conducting matched calling on the exclusive voice databases of the users and the standard voice database in the cloud database.


In a paper "On the Molecular Rigidity of Tempered Steel," I advanced the theory that the molecules of soft iron were comparatively free as regards motion amongst themselves, whilst in hard iron or steel they were extremely rigid in their relative positions. I have since widened the field of inquiry by observing the effects of mechanical compression and strains, as well as annealing and tempering, upon the magnetic capacity of sixty varieties of iron and steel, ranging from the softest Swedish iron to the hardest tempered cast steel.


In recent years, the world has had a phenomenal economic growth due to the acquisition of innovative technologies and globalization. In the meantime, electrical power plants are regarded as a fundamental element in industrial and production, and any deficiency in supplying may lead to significant financial detriment. Regard to the deep dependency of modern lifestyle to electricity, providing a high-quality and reliable electricity for consumers has taken on paramount importance. The reliability of a power plant depends on the configuration of elements and the reliability of each utility. The reliability, continuous service, flexibility in operation, simplicity, maintenance, development availability, meeting required standards etc. constitute the decisive factors for selection of a utility. Hence, each component of a power system must maintain the adequate level of reliability. In general, the maintenance approaches are classified into two parts: 1- The maintenance which must be carried out within determined and specified time intervals; 2- The maintenance which must be performed when required or in emergencies. To evaluate the maintenance and its effect on reliability, two types of deterministic and probabilistic approaches are presented. In this paper, a comprehensive description of both models is issued, and a detailed comparison is drawn. The results obviously show that the probabilistic models have considerable priority to deterministic models regard to their abilities for maximization of reliability or minimization of costs.


Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Network (EHWSN) technology has arrived for the extensive urgency of preventing the sensor nodes' battery limitation to develop a sustainable network system. Therefore, prolonging network lifetime through distributing the data transmission burden on sensor nodes is a significant challenge in WSNs. In this paper, we have proposed a hierarchical system framework and a lifetime aware data routing algorithm. The proposed algorithm distributes the data routing loads to the relay nodes across the network with a high energy harvesting rate. Extensive simulation experiments have been carried out in MATLAB to study the performances of the proposed algorithm compared to the existing works in terms of network lifetime and data packet delivery ratio.


Previous accounts of 'europhone' status (anglophone, francophone, etc.) have inadequately addressed spoken-written differences as well as different post-colonial developments taken by Southeast Asia, South Asia, North Africa and East Africa vis-a-vis those of West Africa, Central Africa, and Southern Africa. This paper investigates to what extent the presence or absence of precolonial use of systems of writing may be related to these differences. The paper begins by distinguishing 'languages of publication' (PLs) from official, national, colonial, and indigenous languages. Based on an investigation of shift in PLs from colonial times to the present in 59 countries, developments are generalised into three types: (1) 'vernacularisation' (Cobarrubias, 1983) of PLs, where an indigenous language replaces the former colonial language as PL, (2) 'internationalisation' of PLs, where a former colonial language is retained as PL, and (3) concurrent vernacularisation and internationalisation, where both occur. It is found that developments (1) and (3) generally occurred in areas where there had been significant precolonial use of systems of writing, and that the development (2) generally occurred where there had been none. When considered alongside key factors such as degree of linguistic homogeneity and linguistic population size, the 'precolonial writing system factor' provides a more comprehensive account of which countries have opted for- with regard to PL usage- vernacularisation, internationalisation, or both.


ABSTRACT This article provides a survey of current research on life for German women on the home front during the Second World War. Initially it addresses daily life, including the availability of foodstuffs, rationing and its impact, alongside the ways in which women contending with food shortages turned to the black market and 'hamstering'. Second, it examines women's work during the war, including voluntary work for the German war effort and the Nazi regime's endeavours to call women up for obligatory service. Finally, it discusses how women coped with the impact of the war: the Allied bombing of the cities and the end of the war, when the home front and the war front merged.


Several methods have been developed to separate gold from alluvial using the principle of density. Density is used as a basic concept in material separation. One of the supporting methods that can be used to utilize the vortex flow as a separation medium. With vortex flow, two materials of different density can be separated through lift force. This study aims to determine the effect of vortex flow velocity on its ability to separate two different types of density material. Aluminum and Copper powders are used as test materials with a powder size of 18-200 mesh. The tests are carried out with a variation of 10 flow rates with water as a fluid. The results showed that Aluminum and Copper can be optimally separated at the flow rate (165.25-167.77) ml/s. While for the most effective effectiveness of Al separation is the flow rate (163.22-168.87) ml / s and copper separation at the flow rate (83.5-85) ml/s.


The Digital Himalaya Project is a collection, storage and dissemination portal for scholarly content and research findings about the Himalayan region. The project website connects a worldwide user community to a vast corpus of digital resources from or about India, Nepal, Bhutan and the Tibetan plateau for free and easy download – without payment, subscription or password. While Digital Himalaya began as a strategy for collecting and protecting the products of colonial-era ethnographic collections on the Himalayas – for posterity and for access by source communities – the project has now become a collaborative digital publishing environment, bringing a new collection online every month, with close to half a million web visitors since its establishment in 2000. Almost all of our digitization and scanning is now conducted in Nepal, dramatically reducing operating costs and increasing productivity. Our funding no longer comes from research councils in the United Kingdom and the United States, but through web referrals and from individual or institutional donations around the world. The project is now supported by people and organizations that recognize the work and want to contribute to it. BTWO_1.1_Turin_39-46.indd 39 1/24/12 11:38:12 AM


Every polynomial function of degree a lot with a single variable can be viewed as a polynomial function of degree one with many variables. It is a principle called the blossoming. This principle pro- vides an intuitive way of analyzing the spline curves in the ane world. Spline curve is a curve which consists of one or more pieces of polynomials. Kinds is one of the B-spline curve, which is widely used in Computer Aided Geometric Design (CAGD). To assist in understanding the principles of blossom and B-Spline curve visually, in this thesis builds a Swing-based interactive Java program that can perform a number of modi cations to the process of B-spline curve, ie a linear transformation, addition, insertion, and removal of control points, shift and insertion of knots, as well as an increase in the degree of the curve. Penamaan File: 50400393


and by examining the maps in the context of written work by politician-geographers of Colombia (e.g., Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera, José María Samper), Bassi shows the efforts of statesmen to link the new nation to the civilized Atlantic world, as opposed to the barbaric Caribbean in which black and enslaved societies can emerge independent. This is a fascinating argument but the strength of the chapter is the exposé of the leader of a pro-Caribbean counter-narrative, Juan José Nieto. By highlighting this intellectual and racially tinged battle, Bassi shows that the geopolitical imagination of an Andean-Atlantic nation that became dominant was an ongoing process. This discussion illustrates an important theme found throughout the book: just because geopolitical imaginations did not come to fruition does not mean they did not shape the life and times in which they were envisioned, nor were the outcomes foretold. By highlighting alternative geographies, Bassi upends traditional nation-state historiography and, to my mind, this is a good thing. The book contains several thematic maps illustrating routes and port connections. A couple of historical maps and portraits round out the graphics. The book also contains six appendices presenting the quantitative data supporting each of the thematic chapters. Overall the book is a welcome addition to historical monographs examining the greater Caribbean basin.


The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of amino acid chelated zinc on blood and tissue zinc content, enzyme activity, metallothionein content and expression of duodenal mucosa MT mRNA in broiler by feeding semipurified diet with different zinc sources at the same zinc level. One hundred newly hatched healthy(1- day- old) Arbor Acres commercial male broilers were used in this experiments. The chicks were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet(100 mg· kg-1Zn of die) to 13 d for normalgrowth of broilers, but were fed a zinc deficiency corn-soybean diet(22.61 mg· kg-1Zn of die) after 14 d to 21 d for depleting the body Zn stores. Plenty different zinc sources semipurified diet(90 mg of Zn/kg of diet) were fed from d 21 to 28. The results showed that the blood, liver and tibia zinc content of amino acid chelated zinc(ZnMet, ZnLys) treated groups were significantly higher than inorganic zinc(ZnSO4, ZnO) treatment groups(P0.05), and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase activity of liver also significantly increased compared with inorganic zinc(ZnSO4, ZnO) treatment groups(P0.05). As the feeding of dietry amino acid chelated zinc(ZnMet, ZnLys) treated groups, the expression of duodenal mucosa MT mRNA in broilers increased significantly. Conclusion: amino acid chelated zinc could significantly increase zinc content of broilers' blood, liver and tibia, improve the activity of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase and regulate the expression of duodenal mucosa metallothionein mRNA.


In this study, we are using a computer tomography image of the abdomen, as an experimental linear research for the image of the fatty liver patients texture features analysis and computer-aided diagnosis system of implementation using the ROC curve analysis, from the computer tomography image. We tried to provide an objective and reliable diagnostic information of fatty liver to the doctor. Experiments are usually a fatty liver, via the wavelet transform of the abdominal computed tomography images are configured with the experimental image section, shows the results of statistical analysis on six parameters indicating a feature value of the texture. As a result, the entropy, average luminance, strain rate is shown a relatively high recognition rate of 90% or more, the control also, flatness, uniformity showed relatively low recognition rate of about 70%. ROC curve analysis of six parameters are all shown to 0.900 (p = 0.0001) or more, showed meaningful results in the recognition of the disease. Also, to determine the cut-off value for the prediction of disease six parameters. These results are applicable from future abdominal computed tomography images as a preliminary diagnostic article of diseases automatic detection and eventual diagnosis.


Aluminum–copper (Al–Cu) interconnects are of great interest for a variety of electrical applications, such as lithium-ion batteries. In this paper, the effects of thermal and electrical aging on the intermetallic compound growth of laser braze-welded Al–Cu interconnects are reported. Thermal aging was studied in a temperature range from 200 to 500 °C for durations between 1 and 120 h. Electrical aging was studied with 200 A direct current application with different polarities and durations between 1 and 24 h. The formation of intermetallic compounds was found to be dependent on the type of aging and, for electrical aging, on the polarity of the current. The growth of intermetallic compounds under the influence of the electric current was distinctly higher than for thermal annealing conditions. The formation of voids at the transition between intermetallic compounds indicates that electromigration may be the main driving force for the accelerated intermetallic growth.


. This work deals with the existence of solutions for a class of nonlinear functional integral equations of Volterra type in the Fr´echet space of continuous functions on an unbounded subset Ω of R n . The equation was considered by Arab et al. (J Math 13(3):1197–1210, 2015). By choosing a different functional space and a different fixed point theorem in conjunction with some measures of noncompactness, we show that existence of continuous solutions can be proved under weaker conditions.


This paper presents the relation between circumferential fluctuation and the geometric and flow parameters. The governing equations are derived by circumferentially averaging the three-dimensional (3D) Navier-Stokes equations. Different types of compressor cascades are simulated and the circumferential fluctuation terms are extracted according to the definition of circumferential average. Three different blade profiles are chosen, including CDA, C4 and NACA65 profile, respectively. The peak value of circumferential fluctuation terms often occurs at the leading or the trailing edge and increases as the radius grows. Meanwhile, the circumferential fluctuation terms exist at the inlet of the blade which can be accurately calculated. 0°, 15° and 30° camber angles are chosen to study the influence of camber angle. When the camber angle is smaller, the flow is more uniform and therefore, the value of circumferential fluctuation is lower. Different incidence angles are compared to discuss the relationship between circumferential fluctuation and incidence angle. For specific term of circumferential fluctuations, the distribution curves are different.Copyright © 2014 by ASME


The significant changes inthe conceptualisation ofdisability oblige us to locate it in the sphere ofsocial problematics. In this way, it is introducedin the ...


Abstract Objective: To examine the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on CLABSI rate and characterize the patients who developed a CLABSI. We also examined the impact of a CLABSI-reduction quality-improvement project in patients with and without COVID-19. Design: Retrospective cohort analysis. Setting: Academic 889-bed tertiary-care teaching hospital in urban Los Angeles. Patients or participants: Inpatients 18 years and older with CLABSI as defined by the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN). Intervention(s): CLABSI rate and patient characteristics were analyzed for 2 cohorts during the pandemic era (March 2020–August 2021): COVID-19 CLABSI patients and non–COVID-19 CLABSI patients, based on diagnosis of COVID-19 during admission. Secondary analyses were non–COVID-19 CLABSI rate versus a historical control period (2019), ICU CLABSI rate in COVID-19 versus non–COVID-19 patients, and CLABSI rates before and after a quality- improvement initiative. Results: The rate of COVID-19 CLABSI was significantly higher than non–COVID-19 CLABSI. We did not detect a difference between the non–COVID-19 CLABSI rate and the historical control. COVID-19 CLABSIs occurred predominantly in the ICU, and the ICU COVID-19 CLABSI rate was significantly higher than the ICU non–COVID-19 CLABSI rate. A hospital-wide quality-improvement initiative reduced the rate of non–COVID-19 CLABSI but not COVID-19 CLABSI. Conclusions: Patients hospitalized for COVID-19 have a significantly higher CLABSI rate, particularly in the ICU setting. Reasons for this increase are likely multifactorial, including both patient-specific and process-related issues. Focused quality-improvement efforts were effective in reducing CLABSI rates in non–COVID-19 patients but were less effective in COVID-19 patients.


Chip-package-System co-design has been attracting attention recently as a design methodology in development. One of the most important elements is to present detailed analysis of supply induced aperture uncertainty of RFIC receiver analog front-end for signoff in frequency domain. With aperture uncertainty sensitivity extraction of RFIC receiver analog front-end block circuit (LNA/Mixer/DC offset cancellation/VGA/bandwidth filter/level shifter), it is possible to enable accurate aperture uncertainty-aware target impedance calculation. The goal during system-level design is to provide adequate performance at minimum cost while giving the in-depth SI/PI insight into RF analog front-end design field and achieving on system-level success.


A series of naphthalimide derivatives were synthesized by the respective reaction of naphthalic anhydride, 4-bromo-naphthalic anhydride, 3-nitro-4-bromo-naphthalic anhydride with primary amines under ultrasound with 73.7%~95.8% yields. The procedure has the advantages of short reaction time, mild condi- tions and high yield. Keywords 1,8-naphthalimide; ultrasound; synthesis; characterization


The invention discloses a modern arch type bamboo bridge. The modern arch type bamboo bridge is characterized by comprising bamboo arch ribs, bamboo beams, diagonal bracings, bamboo panels and steel shoes, wherein the bamboo arch ribs, the bamboo beams, the diagonal bracings and the bamboo panels are made of reconsolidated bamboo materials; the steel shoes are made of steel materials. The invention further discloses a construction method of the modern arch type bamboo bridge. The construction method of the modern arch type bamboo bridge is characterized in that the bamboo arch ribs, the bamboo beams, the diagonal bracings, the bamboo panels and the steel shoes are prefabricated, installation of the steel shoes and a bridge abutment skewback is finished, then installation of the bamboo arch ribs and the steel shoes is finished, the bridge abutment skewback is poured, and finally the bamboo beams, the diagonal bracings and the bamboo panels are installed. The construction method of the modern arch type bamboo bridge has the advantages that the manufacturing process is simple, the cost is low, factorization and standardization of structural components are good, the assembly degree is high, the building time is short, the structural intensity is high, rigidity is large, ductility is good, and the seismic performance is good, and the obtained arch type bamboo bridge has the effects of being environmentally friendly and low in carbon.


The study examines the differences and similarities in the nature and extent of plant damage systems resulting from fumigation with principal toxicants associated with air pollution caused by motor vehicle exhausts. The ability of a given toxicant to incite injury depends on the age of the leaf and the conditions of illumination under which the plant is grown prior to, during, and following fumigation. The growth of plants, even in the absence of visible injury, is also affected. The authors present evidence to indicate that the chemical and physical systems within the plant are disrupted by the phytotoxicants. Detailed studies into how pollutants affect plant physiological and biochemical processes will give a better understanding of the total effects of pollution on plants and the manner. 45 references.


Objective To study the COX regression model of 28-day mortality in ARDS patients.Methods Four hundred and fifty-two ARDS patients from 2003 to 2005 was prospectively analyzed in a multi-center and random way. Results In the ARDS pathogeny,sepsis accounted for 41%,severe trauma and operation accounted for 36.3%,severe pancreatitis for 8.8%,and other for 13.9%.The 28-day mortality was 62.2%.Compared with the survived group,the number of dysfunction organs,age,APACHEII,PaCO_2,FiO_2,and A-aDO_2 were higher in the succumbed group,while PaO_2,PaO_2/FiO_2,and pH were lower.Conclusion The 28-day mortality was related with the number of dysfunction organs,age,GLASGOW score,and shock.


The year of Bartlett's publication on The Future of Ergonomics, 1962, was contemporary with the founding of USSR Research Institute of Industrial Design (VNIITE) in Moscow where the ergonomics of the country started to be born after its liquidation in 1920s–1930s in the USSR. Until 1962, Soviet psychologists had been acquainted with and used Bartlett's works mainly in the domain of experimental psychology. Scientific biographies of the first and second coauthors bear much resemblance to the creative development of Bartlett, who began to study academic psychology, placed emphasis on experimental psychology and then took a great interest in applied psychology. At the start of the 1960s, it seemed to us that experimental psychology and engineering psychology were interchangeable terms. So there were a lot of papers devoted to various aspects of experimental psychology in 'VNIITE's Works' published in 1970s–1990s (39 issues in total). The renascence of ergonomics within VNIITE began from the assimilation of foreign experience and the study of the scientific heritage of ergologists and vocational psychologists of 1920s–1930s in the USSR. Therefore, researchers from VNIITE, and after a time the staff of its ten branches in different cities, had been familiar with the content of Bartlett's paper, The Future of Ergonomics. Moreover, this article had been a standard for the development of ergonomics in above-mentioned institute. While elder coauthors (V. Munipov and V. Zinchenko) were thinking about this, afterglows of our youth and the first days of professional familiarisation (when none of the Soviet universities trained specialists in field of ergonomics) swept over me. As regards our young coauthor, Michael Munipov, he is joining ergonomics' history and forecasting ideas of remarkable representative of this profession. Looking at the development of Soviet and then Russian ergonomics over a nearly 50-year period, one could say that Bartlett's basic prognoses have come true and stimulated new directions of research and development. Many of these prognoses were reflected in the book of Zinchenko and Munipov, Fundamentals of Ergonomics published in English in 1989. There was not only a direct reference to Bartlett's paper, Psychological Criteria of Fatigue on page 86 of the former book, but the main point is that ideas in Bartlett's paper were developed into a number of conceptual theses of the indicated book. We cite here only one example dealing with seemingly central point of the article of British psychologists and ergonomists, namely industrial automation and related research:


Epothilone derivatives of general formula I ** ** c see formula wherein R1a, R1b are the same or different and are hydrogen, C1-C10 alkyl, aryl, aralkyl C7-C20, or together a - ( CH2) m- with m = 2, 3, 4 or 5, R2a, R2b are the same or different and are hydrogen, C1-C10, aryl, aralkyl C7-C20, or together a - (CH2) n - with n = 2, 3, 4 or 5, R3 is hydrogen, C1-C10, aryl or aralkyl C7-C20, G is an oxygen atom or a CH2, R4a group, R4b are identical or different and hydrogen, C1-C10 alkyl, aryl, aralkyl C7-C20, or together a - (CH2) p- with p = 2, 3, 4 or 5, DE means an H2C-CH2 group, HC = CH, C * C, H2C-O- or -O-CH2, R5 is hydrogen, C1-C10, aryl, aralkyl C7-C20, CO2H, CO2-alkyl, CH2OH, CH2O-alkyl, CH2O-acyl, CN, CH2NH2, CH2N (alkyl, acyl) 1, 2 or CH2Hal R6 and R7 each mean a hydrogen atom, together an additional bond or an atom oxygen, R8 represents a halogen atom or a cyano group, X means a grouping CR10R11, representing one of the radicals R10 hydrogen and the other radical R11 a heteroaryl radical optionally substituted, TY means an OC (= O), O-CH2 group , CH2C (= O), NR24-C (= O) or NR24-SO2, R24 means hydrogen or C1-C10 alkyl, Z means an oxygen atom or H / OR12, R12 being hydrogen or a protecting group PGZ.


This text is offered as an alternative to the normative academic paper. It seeks to establish incompletion as a quantum phenomenon. It arranges thinking into aphoristic moments. Its subject-scope embraces ontology, language, artistic innovation, and subjectivity.


This is the text of a lecture given to the British Culture Association at the Library of
The Foundation for International Studies of the University of Malta in March 1988.


There were several trials to detect the movement of fingers, they necessitated special sensors, either rings or gloves, attached to the fingers. Based on the background, we have developed a system to identify the moved finger called FinD using the acceleration signals obtained with Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) smart watches. We have investigated two methods: Non Matrix Factorization (NMF)-based (FinD-NMF) and time-series-based (FinD-TS) analyses. We have compared the two methods for three fingers with three subjects and found that FinD-TS exceeds FinD-NMF in the accuracy up to 40%-80%.


Duffy and Fitzgerald, 1 in 1950, first called attention to the frequent association of x-ray therapy to the thymus gland of infants to the later appearance of thyroid carcinoma. Subsequently many clinical reports have appeared, not only substantiating this association 2-8 but enlarging it to include any early irradiation received about the head and neck. Although these subsequent data have not provided definitive proof that a causal relationship exists between the two, they have indicated a sufficiently high frequency of occurrence to imply guilt by association. A history of previous irradiation, however, has not been found in all children with thyroid cancer, 9-13 and the possible fallacies of drawing too strong inferences of cause and effect between the one and the other have been pointed out. 13 Duffy 14 has recently summed up his experiences, and the present study, although not supplying unequivocal proof, is in agreement with his conclusion that the bulk of evidence


Abstract We have investigated a method for separate determination of elastic and viscous constants for nematics in a rotational shear flow experiment. By inducing a shear flow perpendicular to the initial molecular alignment and simultaneously applying an electric a.c. field at right angles to the flow it is possible to determine not only k 11/k 33, (γ 2-γ 1)/k 33 and γ z,/γ 1, but split the combinations into k 11, k 33, γ 1, γ 2 and n 2 (Miesowicz). Although the flow solutions tend to be instable in the case of negative dielectric anisotropy, the required electric fields can be shown to lie far below the instability thresholds. Thus the method can be quite generally applied to all nematics, of both e > 0 and e < 0. Together with the widely used method for determining k 22 (unwinding) it offers a rapid and accurate access to the most important elastic and viscous constants of nematic liquids.


An English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) Intensive Program was established at Hostos Community College, New York, to help accelerate students' acquisition of ESL by combining three semesters of the college's regular ESL program into two semesters. Each level of this program provides 15 hours of classroom instruction per week, a 6-hour reading and conversation course, a 6-hour writing'course, and a 3-hour language workshop. Each course seeks to develop all language skills in an integrated fashion using a content-based communicative approach. Students also take computer applications, theater production, arts and civilization or humanities, and math courses. ESL class size is limited to 20 students. Students are expected to keep a weekly journal in response to "New York Times" articles, participate in field trips, view films related to their ESL classes, read and respond to essays, do collaborative group and individual research projects, and submit a portfolio at the end of each semester. Overall, this program facilitates language acquisition through reading, writing, and discussion in response to provocative questions, collaborative learning tasks, the building of academic terminology, the development of critical thinking, and students' sense of empowerment. (SM) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. Making Content Accessible to Promote Second Language Acquisition: The ESL Intensive Program at Hostos Community College (CUNY) by Diana M. Diaz, Nellie T. Justicia and Lewis Levine An Overview of the ESL Intensive Program at Hostos Community College PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 1 0 This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy.


Partial structures of tumor-associated mucin glycoproteins are interesting target structures for the development of selective anticancer vaccines. To probe the effect of fluorination on the immunological and metabolic properties of mucin glycopeptides, six novel fluorinated glycosyl-threonine conjugates have been synthesized. The synthesis of the orthogonally protected glycosyl amino acids was achieved using microwave irradiation in key fluorination and glycosylation steps. The 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro- and 6'-deoxy-6'-fluoro-T antigen building blocks were applied to the synthesis of analogues of MUC1 tandem repeat-glycopeptide antigens via SPPS.


In order to improve learning efficiency and memory retention in medical teaching, furthering active learning seems to be an effective alternative to classical teaching. One option to make active exploration of the subject matter possible is the use of virtual reality (VR) technology. The authors developed an immersive anatomy atlas which allows users to explore human anatomical structures interactively through virtual dissection. Thirty‐two senior‐class students from two German high schools with no prior formal medical training were separated into two groups and tasked with answering an anatomical questionnaire. One group used traditional anatomical textbooks and the other used the immersive virtual reality atlas. The time needed to answer the questions was measured. Several weeks later, the participants answered a similar questionnaire with different anatomical questions in order to test memory retention. The VR group took significantly less time to answer the questionnaire, and participants from the VR group had significantly better results over both tests. Based on the results of this study, VR learning seems to be more efficient and to have better long‐term effects for the study of anatomy. The reason for that could lie in the VR environment's high immersion, and the possibility to freely and interactively explore a realistic representation of human anatomy. Immersive VR technology offers many possibilities for medical teaching and training, especially as a support for cadaver dissection courses.


The measuring instrument used only in mining of geology for the restoration of a core and the measurement of various parameters of the utility model is a new instrument used in the core orientation technical field, comprising a core support bracket, a core restorer, and a multifunctional core measuring bracket. The function of the utility model is to make various cores taken out from underground restore to the original shape in three dimensions and to measure various parameters. The utility model, which has the advantages of reasonable design, simple structure, convenient operation and high precision, can be widely used in geology, the industry department and the study unit of mining.


The present invention is particularly in addition to the use of transition metal complexes in asymmetric synthesis, chiral phosphorus compounds and of these transition metal complexes.


THIS IS a well known book, widely used by a range of healthcare professionals, and whose authors are well respected and have a broad range of experience in their field.


The construction of regional collaborative innovation alliances is an important way to promote industries upgrade from the industrial practice in developed countries. In this paper, in view of the main problems and constraints encountered in the development of technological innovation alliances of strategic emerging industries in Pearl River Delta, by drawing from the development experience of innovation alliances of strategic emerging industries of developed countries, strengthening the government's supervision and management mechanism, increasing the financial support of industrial alliances, improving the technological innovation environment, and paying attention to the construction of scientific research teams, specific countermeasures and suggestions were


optic disk (OD) localization is a critical step before OD segmentation which is very important for computer-aided diagnosis. The research on deep learning promotes the development of intelligent medical diagnostic system, but medical images often need for a relatively large amount of calculation. The algorithm simulates the human visual attention to automatically detect the position of the OD for preprocessing of deep-learning method. In this paper, there are four steps:(a) extract some basic visual features from the fundus image;(b) integrate different features by their region co-variances;(c) include a boundary bias into the model according to the spatial information of optic disk;(d) locate the optic disk by saliency map optimized by morphological methods. The proposed method was tested on two benchmark datasets, containing 1600 fundus images of both normal and diseased retinas. The OD is detected correctly in 1195 out of 1200 images (99.58%) using the publicly available MESSIDOR dataset. In addition, the detection accuracy is 100% on DRIVE, which outperforms the state-of-art models. More importantly, the candidate OD region on two da-tasets are provided.