This paper mainly studies the concept and scheme of a low-voltage substation distribution network topology identification system, which mainly includes topology identification end users and intelligent measurement controllers. The topology identification end users are usually set at the transformer outlet side of the transmission and distribution network; Intelligent measurement switch is divided into main control module, detection function and communication module, including topology identification flow generation function; The topology identification client is used to poll the position of each intelligent measurement controller through the communication module, and sequentially transmit the topology identification instruction to each intelligent measurement controller through the address block. The topology identification flow generation function of each intelligent measurement controller is used to generate the topology identification flow pressure information after receiving the topology identification instruction; The monitoring function of each intelligent measurement controller is used to collect topology identification flow pressure information; The topology identification port then passes through each intelligent measurement switch and checks whether it can collect the topology identification current information for topology identification. This technology has the advantages of simple structure, simple operation and accurate judgment.


Clinicians sought to ascertain what frequency of vital signs best detects blood transfusion reactions. This review discusses early and delayed blood product transfusion reaction detection through the lens of scientific literature.


ABSTRACT Application of unmanned aerial systems was limited to the military until the last decade when we see dramatic growth of interest by civilian users. Among the many fields of application of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), forestry has diverse uses ranging from forest cover assessment to species classification and real-time forest fire monitoring. Inspired by the potential uses of the technology, this study is a review of literature on the types and uses of UAVs, the challenges and opportunities, current experiences and the future prospects of using UAVs for forest resources monitoring in Ethiopia. The study has identified potential uses of UAVs for forestry applications. It has also shown that there is perceived need for accurate, demand-based and cost-effective tools for forest resources monitoring in developing countries including Ethiopia. Hence, the use of small UAVs in the forestry sector in Ethiopia is believed to be a supplementary method to the existing methods of spatial data capture for filling the gap of information and improving the quality of forest information that is needed to comply with international standards. The results of this study indicate that Ethiopia can make use of the technology and improve its forest information system. However, while doing so, rules and regulations must be put in place to avoid the challenges that come along with introducing the technology. If properly used, the technology will enhance the forest management decision-support system of the country.


It is characterisitic of Chinese translation to integrate translation with aesthetic traslation. This paper aims to explore the aesthetic features unique to the public signs, namely, beauty in briefty, goodness in sound and greatness in humanity. The paper stresses that it is necessary as well as possible to reveal or recreate the aesthetic features when translating the Chinese public signs into English from the perspective of pragmatic equivalence.


does the Victorian Government propose to do?" It cannot go on having more inquiries and further reports. Professor Kennedy tells us that the present Director of Mental Hygiene is about to retire and he declares that the vacancy should be widely advertised and adequately remunerated, so that it will be possible to attract applicants of high professional attainment "prepared to undertake boldly the task of reorganization". With this we agree, but it is certain that no applicant of "high professional attainment" will be willing to accept appointment, even at a high salary, unless he can be assured that he will not be thwarted and frustrated by those' parliamentary personages to whom he will be answerable. Professor Kennedy gives his proposed authority until 1960 to complete its revision of the present statutes. There is plenty of time before 1960 for further reports to be called for from psychiatrists of Professor Kennedy's eminence, and there is also plenty of time for the keen spirit of a successor to Dr. Catarinich to be broken, however erudite


Huge hepatocellular carcinoma (>10cm) resection it is not frequent in cirrhotic livers due to high mortality rates and poor survival rates. Nevertheless, patients with normal livers have a different prognosis, and can bear until 80% liver resection. This case reports the 60-year-old...


Throughout history, water purification has been an important part of preserving mankind's existence, due to the fact that the human population cannot survive without water. It is evident that centuries ago water was being purified and is still being researched and refined today. Water is essential for life, but can quickly become harmful if not managed correctly. Today, there are a plethora of techniques ranging from simple to complex for water purification. This paper aims to educate the importance of water purification and spread awareness of waterborne disease and techniques.


George Bender, National Crop Insurance Adjusters Gerry Posler, Kansas State University Dale Hicks, University of Minnesota Jim Rink, Farm Bureau Crop Insurance In the U.S., approximately half of all hailstorms occur between March and May. These early storms are responsible for only minor corn yield losses, however, because the corn either has not yet been planted or is too small to be damaged significantly. Even when fields are severely damaged early in the growing season, they can often be replanted. On the other hand, about a third of all hailstorms occur between June and September. These have resulted in yield losses to corn estimated at $52 million annually. Hail affects yields primarily by reducing stands and defoliating the plant. Defoliation causes most of the losses. Thus, knowing how to recognize hail damage and assess probable loss is a very valuable decision-making aid. For instance, proper assessment of yield loss after an early-season storm can help you determine whether or not to replant or understand how an insurance adjuster determines yield loss. An accurate estimate of loss from a late storm is important for making correct harvesting and marketing decisions. In this publication, we will examine how hail damages the corn plant, how the degree of damage can be determined and how the extent of yield loss is estimated. When Corn is Most Susceptible to Hail Damage


In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, both public officials and the mainstream media painted a dramatic and deeply disturbing picture of violence and looting in devastated New Orleans. The New Orleans Police Superintendent asserted that "little babies [were] getting raped" in the Superdome, a shelter where hurricane survivors took refuge. As a guest on the Oprah Winfrey Show, New Orleans Mayor Ray Nagin reported that Katrina's survivors were sinking into an "almost animalistic state" after days of "watching hooligans killing people, raping people." Similar accounts dominated newspaper headlines and TV coverage of Katrina for days. The media consistently depicted postKatrina New Orleans both as a city descending into anarchy and violence and as a war-zone in which Katrina's victims attacked those who had come to their aid. Epitomizing this alarming rhetoric, a New York Times editorial reported that New Orleans was "a snake pit of anarchy, death, looting, raping, marauding thugs, suffering innocents, a shattered infrastructure, a gutted police force, insufficient troop


The Honshu-Shikoku Bridge Authority (HSBA), which is responsible for construction, maintenance and operation, was established in 1970. After implementation of engineering investigations and feasibility studies, three routes for highway/railway were decided between Honshu and Shikoku. In 1988 the Seto Ohashi Bridges firstly connected Honshu with Shikoku as combined bridges for highway and railway, which amounted to the completion of the Kojima-Sakaide Route. In 1998 the Akashi Kaikyo Bridge, the world's longest suspension bridge with a main span of 1991 metres, was completed after many technical difficulties had been overcome by employing innovative bridge technologies, which amounted to the completion of the Kobe-Naruto Route. In 1999 other bridges were opened to the traffic, completing the entire linkage of islands on the Onomichi-Imabari Route. The Tatara Bridge is the world's longest cable-stayed bridge with a main span of 890 metres, and the Kurushima Kaikyo Bridges are three consecutive suspension bridges. In order to reduce the dead load, steel deck plates are widely used for long-span bridges of the Honshu-Shikoku Bridges. The two-course structure is selected for pavements on steel deck plates. This structure is composed of a modified asphalt pavement for the surface course and a guss asphalt pavement for the base course. The total thickness of the pavement is 65-75 millimetres. This paper describes the present evaluation of pavements selected on long-span bridges of the Honshu-Shikoku Bridges and also describes a few examples of road repair works carried out as one of the most effective measures for preventive maintenance. (a) For the covering entry of this conference, please see ITRD abstract no. E204151.


Traumatic injury to the brain is one of the leading causes of injury‐related death or disability. Brain response to injury is orchestrated by cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)‐6, but the full repertoire of responses involved is not well known. We here report the results obtained with microarrays in wild‐type and IL‐6 knockout mice subjected to a cryolesion of the somatosensorial cortex and killed at 0, 1, 4, 8 and 16 days post‐lesion. Overall gene expression was analyzed by using Affymetrix genechips/oligonucleotide arrays with ∼12 400 probe sets corresponding to ∼10 000 different murine genes (MG_U74Av2). A robust, conventional statistical method (two‐way anova) was employed to select the genes significantly affected. An orderly pattern of gene responses was clearly detected, with genes being up‐ or down‐regulated at specific timings consistent with the processes involved in the initial tissue injury and later regeneration of the parenchyma. IL‐6 deficiency showed a dramatic effect in the expression of many genes, especially in the 1 day post‐lesion timing, which presumably underlies the poor capacity of IL‐6 knockout mice to cope with brain damage. The results highlight the importance of IL‐6 controlling the response of the brain to injury as well as the suitability of microarrays for identifying specific targets worthy of further study.


The title compound, C24H26O6, is a caged-polyprenylated xanthone which has been isolated for the first time from the roots of C. cochinchinese. The cyclohexane ring adopts a standard boat conformation, the cyclohexene rings are in twisted boat and twist-boat conformations, and the tetrahydrofuran ring has an envelope conformation. The structure is stabilized by intramolecular C—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. C—H⋯O intermolecular hydrogen bonds and C—H⋯π stacking interactions link the molecules into molecular sheets parallel to the bc plane.


(1) Achenes of seven species of Carduus, Cirsium and Onopordum were collected in August-September and mixed with the top 2-5 or 7-5 cm of soil which was then periodically disturbed during 3 or more years. (2) Between 0 and 40% of the achenes produced seedlings in the autumn of sowing. There was wide variation between sowings of the same species in different years, as well as between species. (3) Subsequent seedling emergence was mainly in March-April (Cirsium eriophorum, C. palustre, C. vulgare), April (Carduus acanthoides, C. nutans) or April-May (Cirsium arvense). Onopordum acanthium showed a contrasting pattern; most seedlings appeared in July-September, with small numbers in other months. (4) More than 90% of all seedlings of Cirsium and Carduus spp. that emerged did so within a year after sowing. There were few or none after the second year and very few dormant achenes remained after 5 years. (5) Only about half the achenes of 0. acanthium mixed with 7-5 cm of soil produced seedlings in the first 16 months. Seedlings continued to appear subsequently and up to 8%. of the achenes sown were still dormant and viable after 5 years.


AbstractDue to many industrial and domestic pollution sources gathered around Gehu Lake and the lack of effective reduction measures, the ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in a large area of th...


This paper summarizes the R&D trends of superconductivity applications in the electric power sector of the Japanese government and power companies. The background of superconducting generators (SCG) and superconducting magnetic energy storage are mentioned. The recent results of low-temperature/high-temperature superconductors for power apparatus in the Super-GM project are reported and the progress, field testing, and analytical method of SCG are also described.


Here, we report the complete genome sequence and full methylome analysis of a newly isolated, aerobic, thermophilic, Gram-positive actinomycete, a strain of Thermoactinomyces vulgaris designated strain 2H. ABSTRACT Here, we report the complete genome sequence and full methylome analysis of a newly isolated, aerobic, thermophilic, Gram-positive actinomycete, a strain of Thermoactinomyces vulgaris designated strain 2H.


Abstract This work presents an algorithm for the optimization of urban traffic flow that computes the vehicle routes and traffic lights timing in real time. The optimization procedure uses a genetic algorithm whose fitness function consists of a high-level Petri net model of the urban traffic flow, which simulation results in the fitness value to be used. The outcome of this work is the optimization of urban traffic flow by simultaneously establishing the best possible routes for each vehicle and the definition of the most appropriate traffic lights timing. According to the tests, the simultaneous optimization of traffic lights time and vehicle routes decreased the total travel time as compared to the optimizations performed considering only the routes.


This volume of Mstory on the Ethiopian "borderlands" is a study covering the areas outside the historical core of the Christian highland state. It is based on a large array of historical texts of Ethiopia, like reports of antique inscriptions, royal and eye-witness-chronicles and the rieh travel literature on Ethiopia and the Horn. The narrative is derived from the author's unsurpassed knowledge of this corpus, especially of the travelers' literature. Due to this emphasis, it is also a study of premodern perceptions and interprétations of Ethiopia and its surrounding régions hy these (mainly European) visitors and observers, although it is not always clear what exactly is the opinion or interprétation of the author and that of the sources used. This book may serve as an essential introduction for the général reader, for historians and ofher scholars interested in Ethiopian society and history. The chromcles and literature of travelers on which it is largely based are still fascinating and in many respects histoncally valuable. They have had a considérable influence in shapmg the thèmes and interests of Ethiopian historiography, and remains an inévitable source to consult or check in any historical study Professor Pankhurst has provided yet another contribution to the opening up and putting to good use of this vast body of early testimonies As the author states in the Introduction, the coverage of the borderlands is unbalanced due to the "unequal availability" of sources, and the text thus ". . . reflects the historical records at our disposai," not the ". . . actual importance"


Monitoring is an activity undertaken to monitor, oversee, and observe certain things at one place. Laboratoroim Faculty of communication and Informatics (FKI) Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta (UMS) has conducted monitoring with the use of CCTV, CCTV monitoring, however use limited to just the image only. Thus was made a system aimed at monitoring the condition of the Laboratory room of FKI UMS that worked for 24 hours in a day. The system is designed for monitoring the temperature inside the room, smoke indoors as well as movement to detect whether there is activity inside the room, besides monitoring is also done on the light to find out the condition of lighting for determine the condition of the lamps in the room as well as an electric current in these spaces. Users can perform monitoring in real time via android smartphone by using an internet connection, users also get a notification via the android apps smartphones and short message service (SMS). The server that is used in this research is the firebase with features real time database. Based on testing done by mobilising the delivery accuracy of data to the server of 99.33%, while for notification via the android-based applications of 95% accuracy rate while the notification via SMS of 65%.


Abstract The replacement of NDM by economical whey-caseinate blends at 50 and 100% in the manufacture of yogurt was studied. Lactose in the yogurt mixes was hydrolyzed to 50% and 75% before fermentation to increase sweetness, which reduced added sucrose and simultaneously reduced lactose. Two taste panels detected flavor differences between yogurts from the 100% replacement formula and the control yogurts containing the full amount of NDM but could not detect flavor differences between the control yogurts and the 50% replacement formula. Although the experienced panelists preferred the unhydrolyzed yogurts over the lactose-hydrolyzed yogurts, the consumer taste panelists could not detect any flavor differences and preferred the unhydrolyzed and hydrolyzed yogurts equally. All yogurts had excellent body and texture. Yogurts made with whey-caseinate blends and less sucrose had lower calorie contents than the control yogurts. Whey-caseinate blends lowered the cost of manufacture, but the enzyme preparation used for lactose hydrolysis raised the cost of manufacture slightly.


The reclamation of quarries can be characterized as a process of local intervention within the context of visual management, landscape conservation and landscape valuation. Through the process of reclamation, not only is it necessary to engage it with the existing legal framework, it requires an understanding of the landscape context, which allows a detailed assessment of the potential visual impacts and further to propose mitigation measures. In order to make a right assessment of the landscape vulnerabilities, the article presents a methodology of analysis and interpretation of the landscape's main components, as well a structural landscape characterization and description concerning the visual impact assessment caused by the quarries. The goal of this method is to provide information about the visual dimension of the landscape in order to propose the most suitable options of rehabilitation and integration of the quarries on a specific landscape. Keywords-Landscape; Reclamatiom; Quarries; Integration


Unfortunately, many GIS layers depicting transportation networks do not provide information on the construction year of each line segment in the network. This poses a serious problem when the GIS layer is used as input to historic analyses investigating the growth of the human footprint in an area still being developed, since there is no way of finding out what features already existed at each time lag of the period under analysis. Here we assess the possibility of backdating (a.k.a. retro-fitting) a road network to a reference year (by removing features in the GIS layer whose ground counterparts were not yet built then), using (1) a single Landsat image from the reference year (single date approach); and (2) the latter plus another from a more recent year (multi-date approach). We provide succinct information on the study area, input RS and GIS data, methods, and results; and conclude that full automation of this task is feasible.


This essay situates the book World of the Third and Global Capitalism on the landscape of a theoretical journey of Marxist theory over the last half century. It paints the beginning of the journey as marked by the unraveling of a certain form of the Marxist subject of history, the classical working class; it characterizes the journey as an exploration into and a reconstruction of the domains of economy and of subjectivity; it posits World of the Third at the end of the journey, as a text that, by virtue of a Lacanian psychoanalytic construction of agency, reauthorizes a Marxist subject. The essay argues that World of the Third comes to reauthorize a Marxist subject because of its reflection on and transformation of the category of the third world, but also that the reauthorization it produces extends beyond "third world/world of the third" and captures the nature of the Marxist subject in the center as well.


Abstract We report first records of the Guatemalan beaded lizard (Heloderma horridum charlesbogerti) from the Pacific versant of Guatemala. The presence of this lizard in the region further substantiates the notion that this species gained access into the region through a Pacific corridor.


BACKGROUND AND AIM
A relationship between stress and sarcoidosis has been considered. However, studies concerning perceived stress, appraisal of life events, are scarce in sarcoidosis patients. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to further examine the role of perceived stress in sarcoidosis.

METHODS
Members of the Dutch Sarcoidosis Society (n = 1046; 59.0% females; the age range 40-49 contained the most persons) completed the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), a symptom inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS).

RESULTS
The PSS score of sarcoidosis patients was high (p < 0.001), especially those of females (p < 0.001). Moreover, patients with psychological problems had higher PSS scores (p < 0.001). Notably, the presence of psychological problems and gender appeared to be unrelated. Furthermore, perceived stress was related to the BDI (r = 0.67, p < 0.001), especially to the cognitive subscale (r = 0.67, p < 0.001) and, to a lesser extent, to the physical depression subscale (r = 0.42, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
Perceived stress was found to be high and related to symptoms in sarcoidosis. Moreover, depressive symptoms appeared to be related to perceived stress. Therefore, the management of sarcoidosis should include coping and appraisal therapy aiming to reduce stress and depressive symptoms.


In addition, the 10th sentence of the "PCR Clone Library Analysis and Clustering" section of the Results is incorrect. The 10th sentence should read: "Roughly 11% of the 176 MOTUs could be assigned to Rhizobiales at $97% similiarity percentage through BLASTn against GenBank (Table S1)." In addition, in the 10th sentence of the "Characterization and Diversity of nifH Sequences in Dead Wood," the term "Fig. 6" incorrectly links to Figure 6 in the article. The term refers to a figure in another paper cited in the article.


This study focuses on business relationships in Japan for industries pertaining to dyeing and finishing. The authors analyzed the complex network of 3354 companies contained in the Annual Report on the textile-related trade, 1998 edition published by Sen-I Sha Company. Based on community extraction proposed by Newman in 2004, there are 46 communities in complex network and 2 large competitive communities containing a lot of dyeing and finishing companies are existed. As results of community extraction of the complex network that deletes one big company on the betweenness centrality, the structure of the community is changed.


The fact that mass has an effect on surrounding space is the first essential element of general relativity. This paper unifies this mass/space distinction of general relativity with Newtonian gravity at a subatomic scale and with reported experimental findings of the last century. The subatomic distinction of mass concentration mainly in nucleons surrounded by empty space as we know it now was not known when the general relativity was written. The author uses this distinction to set forth a consistent classical equation of gravity valid to the Planck length and peeps into the quantum world. It is difficult to exaggerate the importance of fundamental nuclear theory for the understanding of matter in the universe and its cosmological evaluation, and also for the inclusion of gravity in the unified family of all four forces.


Secondary flows are one of the leading factors that contribute to efficiency losses in cascade passages. Secondary flows, in the form of horse-shoe vortices, originate at the stagnation region near the endwall of each blade. These vortical structures travel through the blade passage along the endwall, and grow in size due to the pressure gradients in the passage. Secondary flows increase the endwall temperatures where they interact with the endwall. If the secondary flows can be reduced in size and strength, the maximum endwall temperature will be less and a higher combustion temperature can be used. Aerodynamic losses are also enhanced by the secondary flows. Again, if the secondary flows can be reduced in size, there will be more available energy for the turbine to extract from the flow. One way to reduce the size of the secondary flows is with a fillet at the leading edge and endwall junction. The fillets counter the pressure gradient generating the horseshoe vortex, and therefore help in reducing the size and strength of the passage vortex. Secondary flows in the blade passage are quite complex, and are composed of several vortical structures. The horseshoe vortex begins at the leading edge within the boundary layer and splits into a pressure side and suction side leg. The pressure-side leg develops into a passage vortex due to the strong endwall pressure gradient (Fig. 1).


First-person view (FPV) drones provide an immersive flight experience for pilots. In FPV flying, the pilot wears a pair of goggles that display the video feed from the drone in real-time. This allows them to fly the drone as if they were sitting on top of it, thus creating an immersive experience similar to virtual reality and giving the sensation of free flight. Due to these characteristics, FPV flying is becoming popular for recreational purposes (e.g. drone racing). In this study, we conducted an online survey with 515 FPV pilots to explore their preferences and give human-drone interaction researchers an understanding of the FPV community and how pilots interact with the drones. In this paper, we present that the majority of pilots prefer acrobatic flight mode for both racing and freestyle flying. Additionally, we found that FPV flying introduces users to technical fields as the majority of the pilots build their drones, even without having any previous technical background. Lastly, we also present how pilots prefer to interact with remote controllers.


The work in our laboratory is organized on one hand in studying theoretically and experimentally the behaviour of superconducting material in pulsed conditions and on the other hand in designing and constructing a first dipole which will help to raise many new problems and find some of the solutions.


Since the national policy has been put forward on informationization promoting industrialization and information technology reforming conventional industry,numerous manufacturing industries attach increasinging importance to enterprises informationization and raise funds to prepare into force the construction of enterprises informationization one after another.At present,the investment distribution and requital is a question concerned by enterprises.In this paper,the problems about composition of investment,its characteristic,risk and countermeasures,and misunderstanding on the investment are discussed.


Thank you very much for downloading economics the way we choose. As you may know, people have look hundreds times for their chosen books like this economics the way we choose, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some malicious virus inside their laptop. economics the way we choose is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our book servers saves in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the economics the way we choose is universally compatible with any devices to read.


This paper deals with the characterics of the stability of uncontinuous plate structures with cracks. The relation between the J-intergal of the cracks existing in the stress-concentrated regions and local strain are investigated experimentally and theoretically. The BEM(boundary element method)analysis and test results lead to the follow conclusions: 1. A non-dimensional J was computed in a plate stress and strain condition for several kind of loads and crack types. The J design curves are defined as follows: J sub(E)/ sub(y) super(2) a=3.345(e/e sub(y) ) super(2) at e/e sub(y)1 J sub(E)/ sub(y) super(2) a=3.345(e/e sub(y) ) at e/e sub(y)1 2. Use of this curve provides a good estimation for the uncontinuous plate structures with cracks existing in the stress and strain concentrated region. 3. The stability of the characteristics is mainly depenent upon not the length of cracks but the type of the cracks.


In "slow" nucleus-nucleus collisions the single particle states will adjust continuously to an instantaneous two-center potential. Rearrangement reactions will occur between polarized rather than between asymptotic states. A previous investigation of polarized single particle states is extended to a realistic two-center model including Coulomb forces. The dependence of polarization upon physical parameters is discussed. Polarization of states which participate in transfer reactions initiated by 40 ca + 16o, and in the reaction 208Pb ( 12c, 11B) 209Bi, is analyzed in detail. In the former system a strong resonance polarization is found for some neutron states. A two-state approximation is employed to estimate the evolution of polarization in time. We predict that in many cases typical direct interaction times are sufficient for strong polarization to develop. Observable consequences of this are discussed in a qualitative way. We also make suggestions for further theoretical and experimental work.


The invention belongs to the field of pharmaceutical high polymer materials, and particularly relates to a functional porphyrin-modified NMOFs(IRMOF-3) material (I) with a tumor targeting function and a preparation method thereof. The porphyrin-modified NMOFs(IRMOF-3) material (I) is not reported in documents yet. The preparation method comprises the following steps: using monohydroxy porphyrin as a raw material, conducting reaction on monohydroxy porphyrin and alkyl dihalide to obtain monohalogen porphyrin ether, and conducting further reaction on monohalogen porphyrin ether and an NMOFs(IRMOF-3) material to obtain the porphyrin-modified NMOFs(IRMOF-3) material (I); connecting porphyrin molecules and the NMOFs(IRMOF-3) material through chemical bonds so as to possibly obtain a novel NMOFs(IRMOF-3) drug carrier with the tumor targeting function. Antitumor drugs are taken into tumor tissue in an oriented manner, and distribution of the drugs in normal tissue is reduced, so that toxic and side effects of the drugs are reduced, and the drugs can better serve clinical application.


In the literature on abnormal development there are many references to the fact that in children with impairment of speech development, the development of the higher mental functions, including voluntary attention, often is retarded, and sometimes is abnormal; and there may also be associated learning difficulties.


: In general, the crash reduction effect of the rumble strip is reported to be about 30% in Korea, while it is about 40-60% in the United States. However, the effect is erroneously overestimated because the simple comparison was only made before and after the installation. Accordingly, this study will reassess the crash reduction effect of the rumble strip. The study will also examine the former's geometric characteristics as well as its effect on the causes of the crash. This study analyzed the crash effect while taking into consideration the changes in the horizontal and vertical alignment, including the width of pavement shoulders, using the crash data for two years before and after the installation of the rumble strip. The types of crash caused by the rumble strip were identified using the classification discriminant function. The crash effect on the rumble strip is estimated to be 28.3%, but the pure effect, with the exception of the effect by other elements, was analyzed to be 7.4%. For each expressway design element, the downhill section (2.0-3.0%), the section with less than 3,000 m and more than 10,000 m of the curve radius, and the section with less than 3.0 m of the pavement shoulder width were found to be effective in crash reduction. For each cause of crash, the rumble strip was analyzed to be effective in the reduction of crash caused by "not keeping the safe distance", "sleeping", "negligence in keeping eyes forward", and "excessive handle operation". In particular, the rumble strip was analyzed and seen to be especially effective in preventing crash caused by "not keeping a safe distance," and "sleeping". The installation of the rumble strip was found to be effective in the prevention of crash caused by "not keeping the safe distance" and "sleeping". The results of this study may thus be used in deciding the causes of crash and the installation location of the tailored rumble strip that would be suitable for the geometric characteristics of the roads. This study will also be helpful in the establishment of future traffic safety measures.


Abstract: The effects of muscimol and/or incubation temperature on the inhibition of [3H]flunitrazepam receptor binding by benzodiazepine receptor ligands were investigated. At 0°C muscimol decreased the Ki values for some ligands as displacers of [3H]flunitrazepam binding to brain‐specific sites while increasing or having no effect on the Ki values for other ligands. The Ki values for some ligands are higher at 37°C than at 0°C but are reduced by muscimol at both 0° and 37°C. In contrast, the ligands whose Kt values are increased by muscimol either decreased or did not alter the Ki values at 37°C as compared to those at 0°C. Incubation of membranes at 37°C for 30 min accelerated γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) release by 221% over that at 0°C. These results indicate that changes in incubation temperature alter benzodiazepine receptor affinity for ligands via GABA.


Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to explore age and gender differences in perfectionism, procrastination and body image concerns and their relationships with self-esteem and academic achievement.
Metod : A random sample of 492 high school students responded to questionnaires tapping these variables. Data were analyzed using MANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression methods.
Result: Regression analysis revealed that body image indices, procrastination and perfectionism accounted for 17.9 %, 14.8% and 4.6% of the variance in self esteem in boys, while they accounted for 22.2%, 16.2% and 8.4% of the variance in girls' self esteem. Academic achievement in boys was predicted by perfectionism (8.4%) only, while in girls' academic achievement, perfectionism was less contributive (4.5%) and procrastination was more significant (8.8%).
Conclusion: The main findings obtained were as follows: Girls scored higher than boys and younger adolescents scored higher than older adolescents on perfectionism. No gender and age differences emerged on procrastination. Regarding body image concerns, girls reported greater preoccupation with weight and dissatisfaction with body parts than boys. A similar difference was observed between younger and older adolescents. Furthermore, greater self esteem was reported by boys and older adolescents. Body image scores correlated positively with self esteem in boys. Procrastination correlated positively with negative perfectionism, and perfectionism correlated positively with all indices of body image dissatisfaction.


Although "congenital" muscular torticollis is encountered frequently by pediatricians and orthopedic surgeons, there is no uniformity of thought as to its etiology or therapy. There is much confusion as to diagnosis. The numerous factors which may contribute to the development of a torticollis (wry neck) deformity are found in the accompanying classification. Congenital muscular torticollis is a distinct entity, the primary pathologic picture being limited to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Associated deformities of the face, head, ear and cervical spine are secondary in character, resulting from an abnormal position of the head both prior and subsequent to birth. Muscular torticollis may be present at birth or may manifest itself first on about the tenth to the fourteenth day, at which time the appearance of a hard, immobile, fusiform swelling (fig. 1) is noticed in the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The delivery is usually difficult or abnormal, most often breech. The swelling or "tumor,"


In the framework of the CARE HHH European Network, we have developed a web-based dynamic accelerator physics code repository. We describe the design, structure and contents of this repository, illustrate its usage, and discuss our future plans, with emphasis on code benchmarking. Edinburgh, UK Work supported by the European Community-Research Infrastructure Activity under the FP6 "Structuring the European Research Area" programme (CARE, contract number RII3-CT-2003-506395). Abstract In the framework of the CARE HHH European Network, we have developed a web-based dynamic accelerator-physics code repository. We describe the design, structure and contents of this repository, illustrate its usage, and discuss our future plans, with emphasis on code benchmarking.


This paper examines the interaction of an intense fermion field with all of the particle species of an attometer primordial black hole's (PBH)'s high energy Hawking radiation spectrum. By extrapolating to Planck-sized PBH's, it is shown that, although Planck-sized PBH's closely simulate the zero absorption requirement of white holes, the absorption probability is not truly zero, and therefore, thermodynamically, Planck-sized PBH's are not true white holes.


Electrolyzing sea water chlorination system and the application in antifouling of a power plant are introduced.The impact of the chlorination on environment around the cooling water outlet of the power plant is surveyed.


This paper proposes a novel approach for the transmission expansion planning (TEP) problem establishing a new mathematical DC model that allows a multistage planning considering within its formulation the calculation of technical losses of active power and the redesign and repowering of existing and added network elements. The model takes as a base the disjunctive model formulation which is then complemented with three main groups of constraints regarding the mentioned criteria. A study case is performed on a real electrical system existing in Lima, Peru where a flexible expansion plan is obtained, similar to real options valuation method, that contributes to maximize economic and technical efficiency of public and private investments in TEP.


In article results of experiments on influence of electromagnetic microwave radiation on solid combusti-ble minerals are resulted. It is established that at radiation influence there is a change of structure and properties investigated solid fuels. Most effectively radiation influences on solid combustible minerals with low maintenance of carbon peat and brown coal.


(c) As a food in cases where no ordinary diet can be taken: (i) In milk intolerance of marasmic infants, alcohol will sometimes tide a patient over a few days till milk or whey tolerance can be re-established. (ii) In the persistent late vomiting which kills so many patients after severe diphtheria I have kept a child alive on more than one occasion under such circumstances on saline, brandy and sugar by the stomach for three weeks. A word of warning on the danger of the persistent use of alcohol in young children is hardly needed, but it is wise to remember that small doses of spirit given to an infant over a period of weeks, a large proportion perhaps of its whole life, may easily result in damage to its liver.


Commonly used methods of vision screening in schools is discussed with the currently accepted criteria for pass/fail. There remain differences on the best test to use, the best age to perform subjective acuities and who should be doing the screening. Some tests are still being used that do not conform to the Snellen gold standard. Testing methods vary in part due to the diversity of the screeners. A follow-up mechanism to track children failing screenings must be in place in advance of the screening process. Until a standardized screening protocol is in place that is both sensitive and specific, and screeners are trained in testing technique, it will be impossible to validate data. Despite problems, screening at school entry or soon thereafter, remains a valuable tool and should be vigorously recommended to both educators and parents, as it plays an important role in amblyopia detection.


Plants produce carbohydrates via photosynthesis. These carbohydrates can be used for energy (sugars), used to store energy for later use (starch), or can be used for structural support (cellulose). In addition, plants can (and have to) synthesize all of their other macromolecules necessary for the survival and reproduction, including nucleic acids, proteins and lipids. Metabolically plants are photoautotrophs. However, when plant biochemistry was first studied it was noticed that some plants also synthesized other classes of molecules that did not have any apparent function; these were termed plant secondary compounds. Now it is realized that the role of these compounds is to defend plants from predators and parasites.


The ability of Gallium Nitride (GaN) MESFET to operate over a wide temperature range requires accurate models to simulate the temperature dependence of various device parameters. In this paper, a new temperature dependent analytical model for the threshold voltage of GaN MESFETs is introduced. The contributions from various temperature dependent material parameters are taken into account in order to develop an accurate I–V model along with the effect of gate leakage current on the threshold voltage of the device. The model is further extended to predict the temperature dependence of transconductance. The model shows excellent agreement with the published experimental results for a 0.25µm device.


In order to research the structure-borne noise characteristics of a T-shaped tee considering fluid-structure interaction (FSI), the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and acoustic Finite Element Methods (FEM) were used to simulate the flow field and structure-borne noise related to T-shaped tees under different inlet and outlet combinations. The results show that the frequency domain sound pressure level (SPL) distribution under various inlet flow velocities is stable, the structure-borne noise of the T-shaped tee is a high-frequency noise, and the SPL curves provide a peak distribution. Meanwhile, the distribution characteristics of the structure-borne noise in the frequency domain follows similar trends under different inlet flow velocities. Additionally, the structure-borne noise won't produce the mechanical resonance of the system. When the inlet velocity increases from 1 m/s to 3 m/s, the total sound pressure level (TSPL) increases from 83.71 dB to 98.18 dB, a relative increase of 17.3%. In addition, the frequency domain distributions of the SPL under various inlet and outlet combinations are basically similar. The TSPL of four inlet and outlet combinations for the structure-borne noise are III, IV, II, and I in descending order. When the inlet flow velocity is 1 m/s, 2 m/s, and 3 m/s, in the case of combination I, the TSPL of the structure-borne noise decreases by 6.28 dB, 5.59 dB, and 6.39 dB, in contrast to the combination III, respectively. This study provides the guidance for the noise control and structural optimization design of a T-shaped tee considering the FSI.


IN A FREE-WHEELING discussion with more than 50 reporters on Feb. 19, Energy Secretary Steven Chu spoke about a broad range of tough issues that are likely to define his time at the Department of Energy—from oil prices to government-funded energy loans to renewable energy. During the hour-long briefing—organized by Platts, an international energy information publisher—Chu answered questions frankly but admitted that he was sometimes unsure of all facets of DOE's policies. He has been on the job for only three weeks and is still learning about DOE, he noted, adding that he is also searching for a home in the Washington, D.C., area. One thing Chu did make clear was his list of goals for DOE. His top priority will be to create jobs and help restore the economy. The next item on his department's to-do list, he told reporters, is to increase the speed at which energy science discoveries move from basic research ...


For those who study cities, attention to space is nothing new. An electronic search for scholarly articles using the term "spatial" or "space" plus either "urban" or "cities" identified 6,397 documents since 1966. Even limiting the search to article titles uncovered 893 articles using those terms. Nor has there been a lack of attention to geographic information systems (GIS) as a research tool, although the lineage in this case does not go back so far. Searching citations and abstracts for the specific term "geographic information system*" provided 2,546 documents, with the first fittingly titled "An Introduction to Geographic Information Systems" being published in 1977. It has taken some time, though, for these approaches to migrate into the literature on schools and school choice. Coupling the search terms "spatial" or "space" plus either "urban" or "cities" with the term "school*" generates only 287 documents (4.5 percent), and limiting the search to titles produces only six articles, only two of which focus on school choice. The editors of this issue recognized that the disconnect between school choice and considerations of distance and space is poised to be remedied and have done a service by collecting these examples and throwing, if you will, a "coming-out party" to announce an emerging line of theorizing and empirical analysis. Hovering in the background, though, is a nagging question. This call for greater attention to spatial analysis comes at a time when many others are suggesting that changes in transportation and technology are making space less and less constraining and arguably less and less important a variable to take into account in explaining household behavior and public policy. Is this a case of the cavalry arriving too late? In this article, I review some of the reasons to imagine that the high-powered analytical tools afforded by GIS may be coming into play just in time to demonstrate the declining significance of space. I make a few distinctions that


This article leverages Watsuji Tetsurō's idea of aidagara – "inter-relationships" – to better appreciate the interpenetration of space and relationships in Japanese foreign policy narratives. I set Watsuji's philosophical framework against Japanese foreign policy narratives referring to various spaces as a case study to emphasizing the interplay of space and relationships in Japanese diplomatic efforts. On the one hand, we see the Japanese government invoking East Asia, the Asia-Pacific, and the Indo-Pacific as spatial descriptors to conceptualize the political dynamics surrounding them. On the other hand, Japan's relations with its interlocutors reify fluid geographical boundaries as spaces relevant for Japan's foreign relations. Thus, Watsuji helps us to rethink international politics as an aidagara in which the space produces political relationships, while political relationships themselves reproduce, or even redefine, space.


A realtime feature point detection algorithm called ColourFAST is introduced. ColourFAST extracts vector-based feature strength and direction measures from the colour channels of any pixel in an image. The extracted information is applied to create an effective feature point tracker. These feature point and tracker algorithms have a pipeline design optimized for GPU processors. Results are provided for an implementation on mobile devices developed using programmable shaders. Its performance demonstrates several improvements over conventional FAST feature point detection and Lucas-Kanade tracking.


Japanese child welfare services serve over 42,000 children in social foster care. Almost 80% of these children receive these services at care facilities, and foster parent placement rates are comparatively lower than in other countries. The international community viewed this as a problem after Japan ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1994. The Convention establishes residential care as a less readily utilized option. Here Professor Keiji Noguhci at Fukuyama City University, in the Faculty of Education, presents a practical model for social foster care in Japan.


Schrodinger equations are fundamental equations of the quantum mechanics.From the mathematical point of view,the Schr?dinger equation possesses a mixture of the similar properties of parabolic and hyperbolic equations.This article has done some research summary on a quasilinear Schrodinger equation,and promoting predecessor's result,proves the solution of the quasilinear Schrodinger equation will blow up in nonisotropic spaces.


On March 25th 2019, the French Competition Authority ("FCA") issued – on its own initiative - an opinion in which it advises against the 7.7 % increase in the tariffs of regulated retail electricity…


A calibration program was carried out to determine the spectroscopic LSFs at the pseudo-aperture locations (E1 apertures) for the first order CCD modes. Observations were taken with the narrowest 52X0.05 acrsec slit to minimize the effect of the aperture on the determination of the LSFs. Observations were repeated in the nominal location (close to the middle of the detector) as well as the pseudo (E1) location (close to row 900) of the apertures to facilitate easy comparison of the LSFs at the two locations. Observations of the emission line object V1016-Cyg were used to determine the LSFs in G430L and G750L modes. A comparison of the LSFs at the nominal and the pseudo locations show no measurable difference for all the modes. This suggests that the LSFs determined for the nominal positions of the slits can also be used for the pseudo locations.


With the strengthen of globalization,information and integration with the world economy,the intellectual property protection is playing more and more important role in international direct investment.In the intellectual property protection of FDI,the problems embody that the IPR system has the tendency of protecting the developed countries and that in the practical aspect the developed countries abuse the rights of IPR and the intellectual property rights of developing countries have been blunted and controlled,etc.To realize the scientific protection of IPR in FDI,the countries,especially the developing countries should establish the right value orientation,implement the moderate protection of IPR in FDI and prohibit the abusing the IPR;fundamentally enhance independent innovation ability of nations and enterprises;positively solve all kinds of IPR disputes in FDI.


Joints  Glenohumeral – The head of the humerus articulates with the glenoid fossa which is deepened by a ring of fibrocartilage known as the glenoid labrum. The Glenohumeral joint is located just lateral to the coracoid process  Acromioclavicular – Clavicle articulates with the acromion of the scapula  Sternoclavicular – Clavicle articulates with the sternum  Scapulothoracic – Scapular articulation with the chest wall


Background: Chronic otitis media (COM) is the inflammation of the middle ear, which is characterised by ear discharge due to tympanic membrane perforation, at least for over a month. The inflammation is due to the underlying infection, due to which the middle ear mucosa gets inflamed, leading to discharge and eventual perforation of the tympanic membrane. The aim of the study was to study the microbial flora and its culture and sensitivity from ear discharge in chronic otitis media. Methods: Total of 100 ears with either mucosal COM or squamosal COM were included in this study. Patients coming to the outpatient department (OPD) with discharging ear were subjected to aural suctioning/cleaning with the use of bulls eye lamp. After cleaning the external auditory canal, sterile aural speculum were introduced into the EAC, creating a sterile conduit. Following this, middle ear discharge or the discharge around the tympanic membrane was collected using sterile cotton swabs and sent for laboratory within half an hour for mycological and bacteriological study. Results: Majority of patients were in an age group of 10-20 years, followed by age group of 21-30 years. The male to female ratio was 4.7:5.3. Out of the 100 swabs sent for culture and sensitivity, 6 swabs had no growth whereas Pseudomonas aeroginosa was the highest isolated organism (36 swabs), followed by Proteus mirabilis (23 swabs). Aerobic infection was the commonest, isolated in 47.9% of culture positive swabs. Polymyxin B was the most sensitive antibiotic, whereas cefotaxime was the most resistant antibiotic. Conclusions: Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis are the main bacteria isolated in mucosal COM. There is development of drug resistance in the majority of bacteria in chronic otitis media, due to excessive usage of antibiotics, making the treatment much difficult.


After investigated the coaches and members in some taekwondo clubs of Beijing,and compared the differences of WTF and ITF in developing proportion,motivation,technical characteristics of coach,facilities and their styles,we get the results that the WTF is 60% and ITF is 40% in all investigated clubs'teaching;about the study motivation,the WTF is more popular than ITF;although most of the coaches are from the ITF,which is benefit for the ITF's popularization,it restricts the WTF's developing;the available facilities can meet the challenge of the ITF,and the safety of WTF is propitious to it's developing.


Introduction We have used in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to investigate the partial oxidation of methanol over Cu(110) in the pressure range between 10 and 10 mbar. The aim of the present study was to investigate the adsorbate structures present on the Cu(110) surface and relate them to the observed catalytic reactivity. The identification of distinct adsorbate phases was achieved by resolving different components in the C 1s and O 1s core level peaks. Especially, the everlasting question, whether formate is present on the surface during the reaction and if yes, how it influences the reactivity of the Cu(110) surface was to be addressed [e.g. 1, 2, 3]. The systematic study mainly in the 10 mbar pressure range provided insight, why UHV experiments of the partial methanol oxidation and measurements under more technical conditions at higher total pressure monitor two separate reaction regimes. In the future it is planed to extend the study into the higher pressure range in order to resolve the still existing contradictive assignments of adsorbate species during the catalytic reactions.


The dewetting behavior of polystyrene (PS) film on poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) sublayer was investigated by changing the short-range roughness of the PMMA sublayer systemically. When the bilayer film was heated to the temperature above both Tgs, the protuberances formed in both layers to reduce the system energy. By tracing the dewetting process of the PS up-layer, the dewetting velocity was found to increase with the roughness of the sublayer. It was demonstrated theoretically and experimentally that the equilibrium contact angle, the apparent equilibrium contact angle, and dewetting velocity of PS film on PMMA sublayer were determined by the roughness of PMMA sublayer.


Mental health and mental disorder represent two different areas of theory, research, and policy implications, reflecting our common tendency to dichotomize healthy and sick, normal and abnormal, sane and insane. David Mechanic (2006) argues that the term "mental health" has no clear or consistent meaning, and in terms of the sociological literature, this is generally true. Mental health is not merely the absence of disease or disorder; it involves self-esteem, mastery, and the ability to maintain meaningful relationships with others. While most of us fall short of optimal well-being (or happiness), those who experience mental health problems or psychological distress have been the focus of most sociological research. However, definitions of mental health problems, illnesses, or disorders are also not so straightforward. Following Horwitz (2002b), "mental diseases" reflect underlying internal dysfunctions that have universal features (i.e. schizophrenia and to a lesser degree bipolar disorder). A valid "mental disorder" reflects some internal psychological system that is unable to function as it should, and this dysfunction is socially inappropriate. For most disorders, symptoms are not specific indicators of discrete, underlying diseases (such as schizophrenia), instead many conditions arise from stressful social conditions (such as depression, anxiety, eating disorders). Cultural processes shape the symptoms associated with mental disorders, and it is important to distinguish mental disorders from normal reactions to social stressors. Horwitz (2002b) uses the terminology of "mental illness" to refer to those conditions which a particular group has defined as a mental illness (and often point to behaviors that are deemed deviant, for example homosexuality in previous psychiatric classifications). For simplicity, we will use the term mental health problem or disorder in this introduction – but students should keep in mind the implications of using the term mental illness. In Chapter 1, Horwitz argues that sociological approaches regard mental health and mental health problems as aspects of social circumstances. He provides a very thorough overview of how various social conditions affect levels of mental health and mental health problems, and in turn how social contexts shape the definition as well as the response to mental health problems. Chapter 1 develops a framework for a sociological understanding of mental disorder and mental health problems and also directs the reader to other chapters in the volume that illustrate Horwitz's arguments.


Weather forecasting is mostly a numerical measurerather than a binary conclusion. Precise weather forecasting is one of today's highlyinteresting tasks which deals with anenormousamount of observations and features. We aimto develop an intellectual weather forecasting module. Asmartforecast based on the freely available data is achievedwith machine learning techniques. This module reflects trails such as maximum temperature, minimum temperature, and rainfall for an experimented period of years, and they are evaluated. The dataset is repossessed from a website named DarkSky.To abridge the recovery of data,a Python API is used to studymeteorological data has been established. The study is grounded on Linear Regression and anArtificial Neural Network model thatforecast next day weather with goodprecision. Anaccurateness of more than 94% is gained based on the dataset. Newexplorations haveshown that ML methods accomplishedbetter presentation than old-style statistical approaches. Machine learning, a subdivision of artificial intelligence has establishedto be a robust method offoreseeing and examining a given data set. This unit plays asignificantpart in the field of agriculture where weather forecasting is a vital aspect.


A methodology of the human studies needs to settle the conflict between the two long-established truth-seeking approaches. To be scientific, like physics, promises system, precision, and practical applicability but ignores the significant peculiarity of the subject matter: People talk. Hermeneutics, the methodology of interpretation, confronts the difficulties of understanding what people mean, but is suspected of lacking rigor. However, the two approaches are not exclusive alternatives. Sharing common procedures, such as classification and deduction, they also supplement each other: Interpretation depends on factual evidence and scientific objectivity depends on reliable communication. Successful research needs to combine scientific study of facts with methodical interpretation of meaning.


Objective To reduce the water temperature of injected water(50 ℃ below or normal temperature),while ensuring the quality of injected water,reduce energy consumption,on the basis without affecting the temperature of water for injection in circulatory system.Methods The delivery system for injecting water and faucet were reformed.The water temperature in faucet,the quality of injected water(routine examination:in particular,microorganisms and bacterial endotoxins),energy consumption of water before and after the reform were compared at the same time.Results After reformation,the water temperature of faucet in circulatory system could be controlled at 50 ℃ below(close to 20 ℃);meet the required quality of water for injection;when water vapor reduced 0.5 MPa/1.5 h at the same time(2 h).Conclusion Reform the delivery system for injecting water and faucet is possible,reduce the water temperature in faucet,protect the safety of workers,saving energy and production costs at the same time,worthy of promotion in pharmaceutical enterprises.


A ternary nickel-substituted layered double hydroxide, ZnNiAl-CO3 LDH (C-LDH), was synthesized. It was intercalated with azobenzene-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid using an ion exchange method to obtain organically modified NiZnAl LDH (O-LDH). Both LDHs were melt-blended into polypropylene (PP) with an intumescent fire retardant (IFR). The structure, morphology, thermal stability, and combustible properties of intercalated LDH and its hybrid composite have been comprehensively characterized. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray mapping showed that O-LDH exhibits better dispersion than C-LDH. Cone calorimetry showed that the addition of IFR and LDH significantly reduces the smoke and heat release rates. The composite with 1 wt % O-LDH, which showed dual gas-phase and condensed-phase fire retardant action, exhibited the lowest flammability with an limiting oxygen index value of 29.3% and achieved a UL-94 V-0 rating. In addition, incorporation of LDH improved the mechanical properties compared wit...


Myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) is essential for myometrial contractions induced by calcium‐mobilizing agonists. From the gene of vertebrate smooth muscle/non‐muscle MLCK there are at least four proteins expressed. We have found that both a > 200 and a 137 kDa MLCK are equally expressed in human non‐pregnant (NP) and term pregnant (P) uterine smooth muscle and confirmed that 19 kDa telokin (TK) is only expressed in P myometrium. In addition, we have observed that a MLCK immunogen at ∼ 60 kDa is only expressed in NP myometrium, suggesting that its expression is inhibited during normal pregnancy in a hormonally dependent manner. However, when we compared pregnant myometrium from patients delivered preterm (PT) (< 34 weeks gestation), but not in labour (NIL), with PT patients in labour (IL) we found that PT(IL) samples expressed the ∼ 60 kDa MLCK immunogen and thus displayed a NP phenotype whereas PT(NIL) samples did not express the protein and retained a pregnant phenotype. We hypothesize that the novel ∼ 60 kDa MLCK immunogen contributes to the aberrent contractility associated with preterm labour.


Abstract Background The objective of this study was to examine the aggregate rates of antibiotic use at the population level and compare these rates over time against historical averages to identify the effect of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the resulting control measures on community prescribing. Methods We collected antibiotic prescriptions and physician office visits from January 1, 2016, to July 21, 2020. We calculated monthly prescription rates stratified by sex, age group, profession, diagnosis type, and antibiotic class. We looked at monthly prescription rate as a moving average over time. Using the interrupted time series analysis method, we estimated the changes in prescription rates after March 2020. Results The moving average of overall monthly prescription rates during January–June 2020 was below the minimum of the historical years' moving averages (2016–2019). We observed a >30% reduction in overall monthly prescription rates in April, May, and July of 2020 compared with the same months of 2019. We observed that overall monthly prescription rates experienced a significant level change of –12.79 (P < .001) during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic after March 2020, with the greatest level change being –18.02 among children 1–4 years of age (P < .001). We estimated an average –5.94 (P < .001) change in respiratory tract infection (RTI)–associated monthly prescription rates after March 2020. Overall prescription rates comparing January–July 2019 and their 2020 counterparts showed a decrease in monthly prescribing ranging from –1 to –5 for amoxicillin, amoxicillin and enzyme inhibitors, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and sulfamethoxazole. Conclusions In British Columbia, Canada, overall and RTI-specific monthly antibiotic prescription rates declined significantly during April–July 2020 compared with the same months in prepandemic years.


INTRODUCTION It is well established that cigarette-related fires can lead to property losses, injuries and fatalities [1]. US Congress, through the Cigarette Fire Safety Act of 1984, initiated research aimed at determining the feasibility of developing a more fire safe cigarette. New York State was the first state to enact legislation in 2004, which required all cigarettes on sale to pass an ignition propensity performance test as stipulated by the ASTM E2187 standard. Canada introduced its Cigarette Ignition Propensity Regulations on 1st October 2005. In Australia, where discarded cigarettes are viewed as a major cause of bush fires [2], Standards Australia adopted the ASTM method on 9th March 2007. Similarly New Zealand and South Africa also adopted in the ASTM method in 2009 and 2011 respectively. Within the European Union (EU), Finland was the first country to amend its tobacco legislation regarding the fire safety of cigarettes which entered into force on 1st April 2010. The issue of cigarette ignition propensity for the other EU countries was first considered under the General Product Safety Directive in 2008. The European Committee for Standardisation (CEN) was subsequently asked to develop the relevant standards, which national authorities could use to measure compliance with fire safety rules. The result is the ISO 12863: Standard Test Method for Assessing the Ignition Propensity of Cigarettes. The ISO standard was adopted by the European Commission on 9th August 2011 in all its official languages. Tobacco companies had until 17th November 2011 to ensure that cigarettes sold in EU complied with the new standard. The World Health Organization (WHO)'s scientific advisory group on tobacco products (Study Group on Tobacco Product Regulation, or TobReg) published its report on reduced ignition propensity cigarettes in 2008 [3]. At the 5th session of the Conference of the Parties (COP5) of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) in Seoul (Republic of Korea, November 2012), reduced ignition propensity was formally adopted by the Partial Guidelines for Implementation of Articles 9 & 10 under "Product Characterization in Relation to Fire-Risk". The Partial Guidelines cited the available standard test methods (e.g., ISO 12863 and ASTM E2187) and suggested a performance standard "As of 2012, international practice is to require a not-burn-through rate of no less than 75% by testing on 10 layers of filter paper" [4].


Abstract Telephone samples are widely used for screening to locate special subgroups in the population where the final interview will be conducted face to face. This article discusses the conditions when this method is more efficient than face-to-face screening. An analysis of cost functions indicates that the phone methods will be more efficient unless the homogeneity within the cluster is small, the density of interviews is low, and/or the locating and screening costs are low relative to the cost of the interview.


What influence did Huang Hua's unofficial talk between May July 1949 with the American ambassador John Leighton Stuart exerted on the CPC's policy to America? It has always been a focus attended by scholars.At the beginning of 1949,the CPC's policy to America had been established.The CPC was not in a hurry to establish diplomatic relations with countries such as US and Great Britain.Huang Hua's talk with Leighton was only a tactical exploration.The key of the CPC's diplomatic policy was to establish the strategic ally relation with the Soviet Union at that time.The CPC had no intention to readjust its.


Corporate governance has received much attention in recent years and has been a growing topic for debate in the public domain in both developed and developing countries. This is mainly because of the many financial scandals and failures that have occurred in a number of countries. Good corporate governance is now considered crucial for regulating companies and enhancing their performance. However, the effects of corporate governance on firm performance may vary in developed and developing countries based on cultural, economic and social factors. Therefore, much of the current research now focuses on investigating corporate governance from the point of view of developing countries. The main objective of this research is to understand corporate governance and the effects of corporate governance on firm performance in a unique economic, political and social context such as the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, and particularly the United Arab Emirates (UAE).


1. CONTENTS
(1) RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
The purpose is to analyze how Vietnam's rapid economic growth affects the development of smart cities, and to derive problems related to it through various analysis based on various data to derive success strategies and measures for the future development of smart cities in Vietnam.
(2) RESEARCH METHOD
This study approached from a macro perspective and analyzed the overall status of Vietnam's economy and smart city, and through this analysis, the problems of Vietnam's smart city, future success strategies, and implementation plans were derived. In particular, we analyzed the current status of investment in the development of smart cities due to Vietnam's rapid economic growth, and analyzed the future development of smart cities in Vietnam through theoretical exploration and review based on various data.
(3) RESEARCH FINDINGS
Vietnam has established friendly trade relations with the Republic of Korea, maintained steady economic growth, and strategically promoted smart city development centered on urban infrastructure, transportation, environmental issues, and climate change.
2. RESULTS
In the current era of the 4th Industrial Revolution, Vietnam is a country with a very high possibility of developing the real estate market due to rapid urbanization and the resulting increase in income in the golden population. In particular, Vietnam made efforts to secure access to the external market among ASEAN countries by establishing a systematic FTA network with major countries and actively participating in multilateral agreements. In addition, the government promulgated the Decision 667/QD-TTg, which is one of the nine solutions to improve the efficiency of foreign investment cooperation, to continue to provide benefits and incentives for overseas investment, such as improving domestic technology by attracting foreign investment. Through this, it can be interpreted that Vietnam maintains steady economic growth by establishing friendly trade relations with the Republic of Korea and promoting an active foreign opening policy. A serious problem arises. In order to solve these problems, in 2018, the Vietnamese government announced the 'Smart City Development Strategy' from the Prime Minister's Ordinance, setting the basic development direction of the national smart city. This is the principle of promoting a demand-responsive smart city on the premise of standardization and systematization of smart city development, and it is the most suitable field for future cooperation between Korea and Vietnam as it includes various industries in smart city development investment. It is analyzed that this is a trend in which many efforts are being made between the two countries to match the government's smart city construction roadmap, which aims to promote the development of advanced technologies for efficient promotion of sustainable smart city development.


H is home both to a commercial poultry in dustry and to many small rural homesteads that raise chickens for subsistence, hobby, show, or simply for pleasure. The owners of many of these smaller farm flocks have often adopted a free-range type of manage ment. The free-range management is certainly an ac ceptable type of husbandry practice, but there are some special health considerations to keep in mind, especially in the area of parasite control. Free-ranging birds have an increased opportunity to encounter the infective eggs, larvae, and intermediate hosts of parasites that can cause serious debilitating infections. Healthy birds are a prerequisite for success in raising poultry, regardless of the overall goals of the owner. Unhealthy birds result in financial losses in terms of death and treatment costs. It is well documented that diseases and parasites are the cause for millions of dollars of losses to poultry producers each year. Death losses are an obvious loss, but even greater economic losses are associated with decreased growth, egg production, and feed efficiency among the living. Parasites are an important cause of this hidden economic loss. Not all poultry losses can be prevented, but they can be reduced, and the more knowledgeable the producers, the more successful they will be. Prevention and control of parasites is one of the quickest, cheapest, and most dependable methods of increasing production, with no requirements for extra birds or additional feed costs. Only a small increase in labor and materials is required. Important parasites of poultry in Hawai'i The most common and economically important internal poultry parasites inHawai'i include the large roundworm (Ascarida galli), the gapeworm (Syngamus trachea), tapeworms (Davainea proglottina and Raillietina spp.) and coccidiosis (Eimeria sp.) The common red mite, or the roost mite (Dermanyssus gallinae), is an important external parasite that can cause great economic loss if not controlled. The large roundworm (Ascarida galli) is about 1⁄2–3 inches long and lives in the intestines of the bird. Symptoms of infection with this parasite include poor flesh, unthriftiness, weakness, reduced egg production, weight loss, and pale head and legs. Parasite eggs are passed in the feces and develop to an infective stage in about 10–20 days. Parasite eggs are then ingested by another chicken, and the larval or baby worms hatch in the host's intestine and grow to maturity in 6–8 weeks. The common earthworm can serve as a transport host. Goodmanagement and husbandry is important to control this parasite.Young birds should be separated from older birds, yards and pens should be rotated and cleaned, and deep-litter pens must be kept dry. Droppings should be removed frequently. Several wormers, including thiabendazole, fenbendazole, cambendazole, pyrantel, mebendazole, and levamisole, are effective in killing


Cobalt(II) tetraisothiocyanatochromate(III), Co[Cr(NCS)4(NH3)2]2, was prepared from cobalt(II) chloride and Reinecke's salt in an aqueous solution. The absorption spectrum gave evidence that the so-called "cobalt-salt" dissociated into cobalt(II) cation and Reineck's anion in aqueous solution. The reflection spectrum showed a remarkably strong absorption band at 14.08×1013 sec−1, which might be assigned to bonding between cobalt(II) and sulfur in an NCS− ligand. The three absorption peaks observed at 2158, 2095 and 2065 cm−1 in the IR spectrum due to C–N stretching vibrations also emphasized the strong interaction between cobalt and sulfur. The effective magnetic moment estimated was 4.58 B. M. at 18.3°C. The corresponding copper(II) salt, Cu(OH)[Cr(NCS)4(NH3)2], was obtained from an aqueous solution of copper(II) sulfate and Reinecke's salt as a yellow powder. It was a sparingly soluble in water. In the reflection spectrum, the red-shifted band covered much of the first band region of Reinecke's salt and...


In his elaboration of 'practical anarchism' ('practical' as in 'practical philosophy', i.e., ethical), Franks draws extensively on Alasdair MacIntyre's virtue ethics, especially as set out in After Virtue (1981), and proposes that: "anarchism ... and its distinguishing characteristic of adherence to prefigurative tactics ... is best considered as a social virtue theory compatible with the format developed by MacIntyre." (p. 156) I am not an anarchist, but I am interested in the prospects for a united and effective Left, and I think Franks' proposal to found anti-capitalist politics on virtue ethics has much to offer. Franks accepts MacIntyre's concept of 'practices' which is close to what I call 'collaborative projects'. In particular: "like MacIntyre, they [anarchists] view the social world as being constructed out of intersecting social practices." (p. 141) MacIntyre defines a 'practice' as: "any coherent and complex form of socially established cooperative human activity through which goods internal to that form of activity are realised in the course of trying to achieve those standards of excellence which are appropriate to, and partially definitive of, that form of activity." (1981, 175) and he goes on to gives examples: games like chess or football, professions such as architecture, enquiries such as physics, chemistry or history, arts such as painting and music, and the creation and sustaining of households, cities and nations. All practices are aimed at the achievement of some good. And a virtue is defined as: "an acquired human quality the possession and exercise of which tends to enable us to achieve those goods which are internal to practices." (p. 178) So virtue is relative to the practice in which it is utilized. No human quality is absolutely virtuous, at least for the foreseeable future. Practices, as MacIntyre sees it, are components of a tradition. A tradition is "an historically extended, socially embodied argument, and an argument precisely in part about the goods which constitute a tradition" (p. 207).


Epidemiological data have established that a sedentary lifestyle increases the incidence of at least 17 medical conditions. The evidence is strongest for coronary heart disease. A sedentary lifestyle is now the normal lifestyle for the majority of the populations in developed countries and relapse from regular physical activity is also high. Thus there is clear need for public policy aimed at increasing the physical activity levels in the population. Policy makers have begun to respond to this need and recently Scottish and English plans for increasing physical activity levels in the populations have been published.


Supraspinal descending pathways from the periaqueductal gray and rostral ventromedial medulla dynamically modulate nociceptive transmission in the spinal dorsal horn. We examined the expression of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor trkB in response to inflammation. No difference was observed in the number of neurons expressing trkB in the periaqueductal gray or rostral ventromedial medulla 3 h after inflammation; however, by 24 h, there was a significant increase in trkB expression in the periaqueductal gray (P<0.05) and rostral ventromedial medulla (P<0.05), compared with naïve levels, which persisted to 7 days and returned to naïve levels by 21 days. These results demonstrate a temporal increase in the number of cells expressing trkB in response to persistent inflammation, suggesting a role for trkB signaling in activity-dependent plasticity in the pain modulatory circuitry.


A hybrid TFET/CMOS pseudo Dual-Port SRAM (DPSRAM) for embedded scratchpad applications is presented in this paper. The DPSRAM bit cell is designed using sub-32nm TFETs to minimize leakage and the periphery logic is designed in 28-nm FDSOI CMOS to minimize area at a high operating speed. The bit cell is sized under dynamic stability and static noise margin constraints down to 0.6V. The static noise margin analysis is performed in order to be able to support dynamic voltage-frequency scaling (DVFS). The designed DPSRAM has ultra low leakage current less than 5fA/bit and sufficient read/write stability margin larger than 80 mV at 0.6V. For voltages below IV write-assist techniques are used.


The Internet of Things (IoT) connects billions of physical devices around the world to the Internet to collect and share massive data. Location privacy leakage has received considerable attention in the field of security. In order to implement the

 k

 -anonymity location privacy protection mechanism, a previous work constructed an anonymous location set by retrieving historical request record database from the trusted third anonymous server, which advantageously protects user's location privacy. However, the performance of location-based services (LBSs) is weakened by the time overhead of continual retrieving database. Moreover, with the increasingly flourishing of the positioning technique, user location can be accurate to the user's altitude beyond the two-dimensional latitude and longitude coordinates. In this paper, we present a location privacy protection strategy in LBSs based on Alt-Geohash coding (LPP-AGC) method synthetically considering the altitude of user location and time overhead. Specifically, we give the Alt-Geohash coding algorithm (AGCA) to retrieve the historical request record database, which greatly reduces the time overhead and ensures the immediacy of LBSs. In addition, we propose the dummy location generating algorithm (DLGA) and location filtering algorithm (LFA) to provide users with autonomous

 k

 -anonymity location privacy protection. Extensive simulations are performed to verify the performance and security of the proposed strategy.


The purpose of this research was to observe the effect of type chilli and concentration of CMC toward Vitamin C and a solid total of smoked fish chilli sauce. The treatments were: A Type of chilli (A1 cayenne chilli, A2 cayenne, and curly chilli, A3 curly chilli; B concentration of CMC (B1 CMC 0.5%, B2 CMC 1%). The parameters analysed were, vitamin C used titration and dissolved solid used gravimetry method. The data were used Anova testing. The result showed that treatment chilli combination significantly influence to increased Vitamin C compared without combination. Vitamin C A2B1 2.38% and A2B2 2.46%. The concentration of CMC non-significant to Vitamin C. Type chilli and concentration CMC non-significant influence to dissolved solid. The all treatment value of total solid > 40 as standard of chilli. So A2B2 could be used as good formula smoked fish chilli sauce to increased vitamin C and dissolved solids.


In recent years, energy consumption in buildings is one of the fastest-growing in demand compared to others such as industry, transportation, automotive, and others. The same trend occurs with greenhouse gas emissions. HVAC and lighting systems offer thermal and visual comfort to the occupants in buildings, but these are the ones with the highest energy consumption. Many investigations are being carried out to reduce the consumption of the previously mentioned systems and other electric equipment existing in the buildings. This paper reviews some relevant works related to initiatives to reduce energy consumption in buildings such as improvements in lighting and HVAC control systems, estimation of occupancy levels through sensor networks, dimming of artificial lighting, exploitation of daylight through the control of blinds and improvement of components in air conditioning systems/heat pumps. Prediction/estimation models of energy consumption are also analyzed, which are vital tools for reducing the operating costs of the building mainly electrical energy. Besides, we establish the future challenges and trends of the analyzed technologies.


The development of Fujian folk art promotes the occupation of native cultural products in global market,opening a window for the world to know Fujian regional culture.Folk art,as a course involved in the department in art design education in local university,is favorable for strengthening students' identification of native culture.


Emotional intelligence is a social skill that controls stress and influences one's ability to cope with the demands and environmental pressures. It can enhance professional skills in health care providers such as, nursing students. This study aimed to explore the levels of emotional intelligence and stress among nursing students of the faculty of nursing, Menoufia University, as well as their more frequent used coping strategies, and the possible association among emotional intelligence, stress and the different coping strategies. A descriptive correlational research design was used in this study. A simple random sample (409) of undergraduate nursing students at the Faculty of Nursing, Menoufia University participated in this study. Three instruments were applied, which are, Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test", Perceived Stress Scale and Coping Strategy Inventory. The current study revealed that the majority of nursing students (73.4%) experienced moderate to high levels of stress in spite of having average and above average levels of emotional intelligence, and they tended to use engagement coping strategies than disengagement coping strategies. Likewise, students with low levels of emotional intelligence, that is, below average (24.6%) tended to utilize disengagement coping strategies. Moreover, the study discovered that emotional intelligence was higher among older students than younger students and among female students than male students.


Abstract The Munsell color system allows easy soil color notation in the field. Its use is widespread so that there is a huge amount of soil color data available particularly in soil maps. The expression of the three attributes of soil color Hue, value, chroma) in a simple numeric code which is used in this study, allows interpretation of the relationships between color and soil reflectance. These expressions can be estimated from Munsell color using conversion tables. In a series of 80 surface soil samples, the simple numeric codes were found to be correlated with the reflectance measured in the field for visible and near infrared spectral bands. Soil spectra were obtained in situ both in dry and moist condition, using a SPOT simulated hand‐held radiometer with three bands. The interesting results shown that Munsell coordinates translated into the RGB coordinates are strongly correlated to the three spectral bands and the brightness index. These relationships can be applied for the estimation of the bare...


The current article presents study results made on the coenoflora of Adonis vernalis L. in Northern Kazakhstan. The materials have been gathered in the course of field research taking into account the literary data. Ontogenesis and age structure of the coenopopulations are provided on the basis of detailed-route studies. The study of age-related stages was carried out on the territory of Northern Kazakhstan (Akmola and North Kazakhstan regions) in 2018-2019. A. vernalis is a short-stem grassy polycarpic plant, it is represented in Northern Kazakhstan by the populations of dry meadows (Kokshetau Upland) and real meadows (the forest-steppe of North Kazakhstan region). Ontogenesis of A. vernalis has three periods and 7 age stages. Plants have low seed productivity. Seeds have a long endogenous peace related to the underdevelopment of a seed germ. A characteristic feature is the presence of a long pregenerative period in plants of the "steppe" type coenopopulations and its reduction in the "meadow" type coenopopulations. There have been studied thirteen coenopopulations of A. vernalis located in Akmola and North Kazakhstan regions. Coenopopulations of A. vernalis are bound to four main habitats: forest edges, meadow steppes, meadows, artificial plantations. By age, young populations are formed on forest edges, and according to the "delta - omega" classification, there are mature coenopopulations. Mature coenopopulations are mostly formed in meadow steppes, but according to the "delta - omega" classification, all coenopopulations are aging. On meadows, there are many young coenopopulations, but according to the "delta - omega" classification, they are all mature. In artificial plantings, the majority of coenopopulations are aging, but according to the "delta - omega" classification, they are all mature. Thus, changes in habitual living conditions lead to the aging of A. vernalis coenopopulations. By density (pcs/100 m2) all populations are divided into three groups: high, medium, low. All forest edge coenopopulations have a high density, in meadow steppes, the density is average, on meadows and in artificial plantings it is low. The recovery index in most coenopopulations is less than one which indicates a low recovery in A. vernalis populations. The range of age stages shows that in most coenopopulations they are normal, the exception is CP-5 (among artificial plantings) which indicates an old stage of the population and possibly its soon elimination.


We have performed a lightning observation campaign in Lhasa city, Tibet plateau region of China. It was found that the thunderstorms in Lhasa city exhibit positive dominant electric fields at the ground and tend to produce smaller ratio of cloud-to-ground (CG) discharges. Among the CG discharges recorded, nearly 90% of them are negative ones. Compared to those occurred in low land areas, these negative CG discharges exhibit similar characteristics in terms of the number in a flash and the interstroke interval, but larger 10-to-90 %.fast-transition rise times for both the first and subsequent strokes.


Traffic classification is currently a significant challenge for network monitoring and management. Feature selection is an effective method to realize dimension reduction and decrease redundant information. To realize accurate traffic classification at lower price of evaluations, a hybrid feature subset selection method is proposed on the base of sliding block, the size of which is flexible according to the classification performance. Furthermore, an incremental strategy of convergence is designed on the base of hybrid feature subset selection methods. The strategy gathers all the features that have been selected. To discover the value of relationship among all the selected features, an extra round of selection is added on the base of the original algorithm. The performances are examined by three groups of experiments. Our theoretical analysis and experimental observations reveal that the proposed method consumes fewer evaluations with similar or even better classification performance at different initialized size of block. Moreover, the incremental strategy of convergence makes a further improvement on the classification accuracy.


Prior to the 1980s, research in Palaeolithic archaeology in Iran was primarily conducted by Western scholars who focused their efforts in the Zagros Mountains in western Iran (for references see Smith 1986). The attractinn was highly justified. The highlands of western Iran are part of the so-called Fertile Crescent, where small bands of humans made a living by collecting food arid hunting animals for thousands of years prior to the advent of agriculture. Western Iran was also a locus where the initial steps in domesticating certain species of plants and animals were taken. The cessation of fieldwork by foreign expeditions after 1979 in this region prompted some Iranian archaeologists to continue research on the pre-Neolithic archaeology of western Iran (see e.g. Biglari 2000; Biglari & Abdi 1999; Biglari & Heydari 2001). However, it was not until September 2000 that the Iranian Cultural Heritage Organization (ICHO) established a programme to integrate sporadic Palaeolithic research in Iran. The members of the new Center for Palaeolithic Kesearch at ICHO took the opportunity not only to consolidate their efforts, but also to prepare a framework for systematic and goaloriented research in Iran. As our first systematic archaeological campaign we chose the province of Lurestan in central Zagros. Our goals were to evaluate the characteristics of Palaenlithic sites in the region, and to understand their relations with their natural settings. We began our survey in late December 2000 and continued to work until early January 2001. During


This paper focuses on the changes in the standard of living, connected with aging and retirement, and the impact of different models of pension provision. The research is based on LIS microdata from Germany, Russia, and the U.S.


A significant inventory of process waste of varying natures and quantities has been generated during the thirty years of operation of UP2 400 facility on the site of La Hague, France. The retrieval, packaging and final storage of such an inventory has never been achieved before in France and thus requires the design and qualification of new processes, equipment, and waste packages. Following AREVA strategic decisions and French safety authority requirements, the legacy waste program has begun around the year 2000 and is scheduled to be completed around the year 2025. It is under the responsibility of AREVA Site Value Development Project teams. For each category of waste to be recovered, AREVA teams conducted detailed investigations, defined recovery modes, treatment processes, as well as final waste package forms, which they subsequently submitted to French safety and waste management authorities. A Task force initiative was subsequently launched to optimize the program cost and scenario, and lead to an optimization of about 15% of the entire program. The qualification of processes and waste packages required a significant amount of research and development which is now well under way for processes, and scheduled to be completed in 2015. Preparation work has begun on several installations to clear space for the construction of future retrieval facilities, scheduled to begin in the coming three years


Service learning initiatives have taken seed in universities across the United States in light of different, yet overlapping, calls for change in the ways university professors and students go about their work. Administrators at the nation's top colleges and universities who collaborate in the Campus Compact issue one call for change (see their statement of principles at http://www.compact.org/about/about-main.html). They ask for improved social accountability of faculty and deeper university connection to the community. Founded in 1985, The Campus Compact's efforts were bolstered through the national funds set aside first by George Bush in 1990 via the National and Community Service Act, and then increased in 1993 when President Clinton signed the National Service Trust Act. Interestingly, these administrative efforts ran in tandem with a groundswell of change over the last decade as freshly minted PhDs encountered unforgiving job markets across the disciplines (Readings 1996). Academic job markets have moved away from offering tenure track jobs to ultra specialized professors, and have instead moved toward offering jobs for generalists. Those whose research, teaching, and service activities dovetail to form a unified set of institutional roles, and whose research interests are transdisciplinary, often have better employment prospects in academe. Bill Readings (1996) notes this change and sees the tendency of hiring generalists as not abating anytime soon:


According Cockerhama health behaviors are "conscious patterns of behavior related to health, which is a result of choices made by people on the basis of available and determine of their situation in life alternatives". One of the elements of health behavior is diet. It is an important part of everyone's life style and determined not only health, culinary tastes, but also to a large part religion. The followers of the different religions pay special attention to what they eat. Therefore, it is important that medical staff know the rules on both diets as well as the remaining elements of lifestyle in order to avoid misunderstanding different behaviors and make changes to the care of patients of different faiths through its optimization.


The effect of ceramic/metal gradient armor's components characteristic on its impact‐resistant characteristic has been investigated by a new modified Alekseevskii‐Tate equation. The following researching work is done by the former model [1]: the effect of ceramic layer on the impact‐resistant characteristic, the effect of gradient layer on the impact‐resistant characteristic and the effect of metal layer on the impact‐resistant characteristic.