The invention relates to an idelalisib amorphous substance and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, Cu-Kalpha radiation is used, no sharp diffraction peak in a spectrum is diffracted by X-ray powder expressed by degree 2 theta, wherein X-ray powder diffraction is shown in a graph 1. The invention also provides a preparation method of the idelalisib amorphous substance. The idelalisib amorphous substance increase the dissolvability of idelalisib and is in favor of increasing the biological utilization degree of a medicinal preparation, compared with current crystal form idelalisib, solubility is obviously increased, the idelalisib amorphous substance is in favor of absorbing the medicines by the body, so that medicine can better perform clinical disease treatment effect. Under the condition of accelerated testing on the idelalisib amorphous substance, good physical stability and chemical stability can be kept. The preparation method of the idelalisib amorphous substance has the advantages of simple operation and easy realization.


Target fibers are a reliable histological sign of denervating processes in human skeletal muscle biopsies, although their pathogenesis remains obscure. We describe here autophagic multivesicular bodies at the center of target fibers. In addition, mitochondrial swelling and disintegration was observed in the intermediate zone surrounding the target center, which corresponds to the zone of dark staining with oxidative histochemical techniques seen with light microscopy. Honeycomb figures were present at the target center and at the fiber surface. These findings suggest that target fibers are a catabolic or involutional response to muscle denervation.


a. Department of Electronics Engineering & Institute of Electronics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 300, Taiwan, R.O.C. b. Department of Physics and Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, & Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan, R.O.C. c. Green Energy & Environment Research Labs. , Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 310, Taiwan, R.O.C. d. Department of Electrical Engineering & Institute of Electronic Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan


Abstract Lignin content and its molecular structure influence various wood characteristics. In this study, the anatomical and physicochemical properties of wood derived from a naturally occurring mulberry mutant deficient in cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD), a key enzyme in lignin biosynthesis, were analyzed using conventional staining assays on stem sections, length and width measurements of xylem fiber cells, wood pulping and saccharification assays, and sugar compositional analysis of extractive-free wood powder. The present data indicate that the mutation in the CAD gene leads to improved wood delignification efficiency, increased pulp yield under alkaline pulping conditions, and enhanced saccharification efficiency following alkaline pretreatment. This study opens up new avenues for the multipurpose use of the mulberry CAD-deficient mutant as a raw material for biorefinery processes, in addition to its traditional use as a favored feed for silkworms.


Steganography is a something knowlegde that learn hiding information or message technique into a carrier file (media) such as pictures, sounds and video, with the result that information (data) is hidden and hard to be recognized by human senses. MP3 audio files are not only popular but also can be used as a medium for steganography. As the result from the above description, research is going to be developed into an android-based application platform, because the android platform is currently the most widely used in mobile phones in the world. This application is limited only to input the MP3 files, not be used to play MP3 files. In this research we used LSB (Least Significant Bit) steganography method implemented on the MP3 file. In the process, message is inserted in low bit or most bit on the right to any allowed MP3 frequency, so that it will be difficult for those who try to break unless he has access to such of data.In this research, The methods we used in developing applications is the waterfall method. The results showed that the resulting MP3 encoding process did not change MP3 filesize, because the message only inserted by replacing the last bit of the MP3, not added to the MP3. The message is not so give take effect because of the results of the test showed there was no difference significant time in processing time encode when the input message have different length.


As a developing country, Malaysia can be proud of its structured mechanism in relation to land, housing and property. The mechanism will support the growth of these areas. This is also related to the confidence the public has in property developers. In Malaysia there are three housing tribunals that are applicable in three different jurisdictions, namely, the Tribunal for Homebuyers' Claim in Peninsular Malaysia and the Tribunal for Housing Purchasers' Claim in Sabah and Sarawak that came into force in 2002, 2007 and 2010, respectively. The purpose of the Tribunal is to minimise the burden that purchasers have to face in order to claim remedies from developers. It is the objective of this article to provide a comparative analysis of the provisions, rules and procedures of the Tribunal for Homebuyers' Claim in Peninsular Malaysia and the Tribunals for Housing Purchasers' Claim in Sabah and Sarawak. It is hoped that this comparison will yield improvements in the laws and regulations governing all three tribunals in Malaysia.


Abstract : This report describes an experiment in which Army personnel wore a gas mask while entering verbal commands to a voice recognition system. The results indicate that, with the equipment used, recognition performance is certainly not acceptable for field use at this time. Further research would be needed on this interface of technologies in order to provide user acceptable voice recognition accuracies.


The article shows the results of investigations made by different authors (the period between 1963-2008) and summarizes data of the collectional materials of the different institutes and published works. For the first time for Dagestan is made possibly exhaustive list of noctuinae that numbers 106 species of 25 genera accouding to the morden systematic.


Tailgating is the one where an employee holds the office door for others to enter into the building with one access. This leads to insecure where in the unknown person can also enters into the building with the access of the original employee. To overcome this, introducing security system that prevents tailgating that provides authentication, accuracy, flexibility and gives more convenience to the security guards. It is an embedded based system and built under the Linux environment. First the faces of all the people is captured and trained using OpenCV python package for the purpose of further experimentation in the future. In this Raspberry pi is used as a main controller along with camera which enables to access image processing with any portable embedded system. When the person enters near to the gate, the ultrasonic sensor starts to sense and triggers the camera which detects the person face and checks with the trained dataset using the Haar Cascading algorithm, if it matches the gate gets opened. If suppose the person enters the gate with other person with one access control, then again, the camera gets triggered to capture the unauthorized person face and sends the mail of the detected person to the concerned authority through firebase cloud database.


INTRODUCTION
With increased life expectancy, the desire to look younger has increased. Hence, many patients approach dermatologists for antiaging treatment. However, data regarding management of skin aging in India are scarce.

AIMS
To understand management patterns for skin aging among dermatologists in India.

METHODS
Overall, 147 Indian dermatologists were administered a questionnaire-based survey about patient characteristics, signs of skin aging, treatment options, and cost.

RESULTS
Among all the patients coming for dermatologists' consultation, 10%-40% were for antiaging treatment. About 70% dermatologists opined that majority of patients aged 30-40 years consulted for antiaging treatment, and the male to female ratio was 3:7. Approximately 46% of dermatologists felt that antiaging treatment should be initiated by the age of 30. Common signs of aging were wrinkles, pigmentation, dull skin or complexion, and dry skin. Based on patient's age and sex, dermatologists prescribed a combination of 2-4 products, which included antioxidants, retinoids, growth factors, and moisturizers. Improvement was assessed by photographic and clinical evaluation, and by patients' satisfaction (55%). Effect of the antiaging products was evident within 4-6 months. Earliest improvement was noted in dry skin and dull complexion. Average extent of improvement noted by 6 months was approximately 20%-30%. The average monthly expenditure on antiaging treatments was 2000-4000 INR.

CONCLUSION
Both men and women seek clinical treatment for skin aging in India. Dermatologists prescribe a combination of 2-4 products, including antioxidants, retinoids, growth factors, and moisturizers. Available antiaging therapies show an average improvement of up to 30% by 6 months.


Spoken discourse is characterized by a multitude of verbal and non-verbal elements that participants to an interaction employ in the co-construction of meaning/action and in indicating their uptake of utterances: turn-taking practices, backchannels, pragmatic markers, and gesture, to name a few (Caffi & Janney, 1994; Norrick, 2012a). Such elements function not only in conversational management per se but also in the management of social relations (see, e.g., Norrick, 2012b on backchannels). While the last two decades have witnessed an explosion of studies in pragmatics and conversation analysis especially on the function of pragmatic markers (e.g. Aijmer 2002) in international scholarship, studies on the pragmatics of spoken Turkish have yet to witness such a burgeoning of a research program with wide scope over these entities and phenomena. This is not to deny the significant contributions of a number of studies on particular


Tying in with the comment previously made by Oliver Bothe, I'd like to elaborate on the observed periodicity in the instrumental temperature record exclusively from a climate physics point of view. On page 4501, line 12, the authors explicitly state: "The cause of the periodicities is unknown". This worded, the authors literally thwart half a century of research which has been trying to isolate the volcanic climate forcing (e.g. Mitchell (1961), Lamb (1970)). In fact, Hansen et al. (1981) already showed that the global temperature trend can only be successfully reproduced in climate model simulations if one considers the historic volcanic forcing strength (see Fig. 5 in their paper). Only


The improved adhesive agent for building use had been applied in beer production line, with good effect, and it meets the requirements for the fast label pasting in beer production.


Cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) is one of the many tuber planted by farmers in Indonesia. Based on a survey conducted by the Indonesia Ministry of Agriculture, in 2013, 6 districts / cities with an area of 55 acres can produce 825 tons of kimpul. This abundant production is not balanced with the optimal processing and tend to only be used as a side dish with simple processing such as steaming. Cocoyam has the potential to be developed as a noodle, but in the treatment process, there are several problems such as the lack of gluten that serves to form the elastic properties of the noodles. Gluten plays an important role on the characteristics of noodles.When gluten mixed with water and flour, it will form a gluten network that will trap water. The more gluten is added, instant noodles will be more elastic and supple. So it takes a good proportion of gluten to make a good characteristics of instant noodle.


As the French anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss noted in his essay on "The Family," "[w]hatever the way in which the collectivity expresses its interest in the marriage of its members, whether through the authority vested in strong consanguineous groups, or more directly through the intervention of the state, it remains true that marriage is not, is never, and cannot be, a private business." Exactly how the state came to intervene in the regulation of marriage—and the extent to which a wedding is a public rather than a private matter—lies at the heart of these two new explorations of the relationships between law, literature, religion, and politics.


As an approach to the analysis of complex systems such as social, economic and environmental systems, a lot of complex and ambiguous multidimensional data must be treated. Therefore, a technique of data presentation suited to the visual sense is required. But there has been almost no systematic study of expressing data, because even in systems engineering, not much attention has been paid to this area of study. This paper describes the use of a face pattern, which is illustrated by a newly developed method, for expressing the various states of a complex system and their processing. This face pattern is based on the results of the analysis of facial expressions. Some technique of assigning data components to facial features, which make use of the characteristics of facial expressions, are proposed in this paper. As a practical application of the present Faces Method, the emission data of six air pollutants of Tokyo's 23 wards are expressed in the form of various facial expressions, which are classified by a developed classification procedure, and the resulting characteristics of the emission data are extracted from the facial expressions. These results are compared with the results obtained from cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Moreover, one dimensional scaling of the classified facial expressions is tried to evaluate the emission data. The efficiency of the Faces Method is investigated through these experiments. 1. は じ め に


A current noise due to dislocation processes in aluminum film samples has been put in evidence during plastic deformation. Burst‐type dislocation generation and annihilation processes have been observed, showing the discontinuous character of plastic flow and the presence of strong correlation effects on dislocation dynamics. Noise behavior shows a strong enhancement of the dislocation generation and annihilation events with increasing temperature, a fact which accounts for the material softening at high temperature. The stress‐strain behavior of the metal film upon cyclic deformation is obtained from the noise results; in particular it is possible to detect the very beginning of plastic deformation of the metal and the temperature dependence of the elastic limit. The behavior of the dislocation density during cycling can also be obtained. Such a behavior of the dislocation density during cycling can also be obtained. Such a behavior is accounted for by a theoretical model where the competing effects of g...


Starting from Borel's description of the mod-2 cohomology of real flag manifolds, we give a minimal presentation of the cohomology ring for semi complete flag manifolds $F_{k,m}:=F(1,\ldots,1,m)$ where $1$ is repeated $k$ times. The information is used in order to estimate Farber's topological complexity of these spaces when $m$ approaches (from below) a 2-power. In particular, we get almost sharp estimates for $F_{2,2^e-1}$ which resemble the known situation for the real projective spaces $F_{1,2^e}$. Our results indicate that the agreement between the topological complexity and the immersion dimension of real projective spaces no longer holds for other flag manifolds. More interestingly, we also get corresponding results for the $s$-th (higher) topological complexity of these spaces. Actually, we prove the surprising fact that, as $s$ increases, the estimates become stronger. Indeed, we get several full computations of the higher motion planning problem of these manifolds. This property is also shown to hold for surfaces: we get a complete computation of the higher topological complexity of all closed surfaces (orientable or not). A homotopy-obstruction explanation is included for the phenomenon of having a cohomologically accessible higher topological complexity even when the regular topological complexity is not so accessible.


This paper emphasizes the significance of developing long-term relationships with customers through the introduction of loyalty programs in everyday business. The paper further presents a link between the creation of a solid consumer base and their value in providing stable profits to companies for a longer period of time. Thus, in order to better understand the importance of customer lifetime value, authors gave a simple example how companies could calculate potential profit of a single consumer. Also, the paper explains the principle of CRM and presents the rules in creating incentives for customers to engage in frequent purchases of tourism products. Especially, authors of this paper highlight the need of developing frequency programs (FPs) as a guideline in creation of customized relationships with customers, using examples from companies operating in the tourism sector.


The percentage of cargo ship electricity accounted for by ship electric drives (SEDs) is steadily rising. Main SED technical and economic indicators can be raised only by the development and introduction of automated electronic integrated control systems. The author discusses the principles and methods of constructing, manufacturing and maintaining such control systems.


Objective\ To observe the expression of PDGF in breast carcinoma and its correlations with angiogenesis,metastasis and prognosis.Methods\ PDGF and MVD was detected immunohistochemically in 60 patients with breast carcinoma.Results\ PDGF expressions in breast carcinoma was 65.0%.Significant correlation was found between PDGF expression and histological gradings,clinical stages,lymph node status,distant metastasis,early death (P0.05),as well as with MVD (P 0.05 ),but not with tumor size,ER,PR(P0.05).Conclusion\ PDGF is an important angiogeneic factor of breast carcinoma.PDGF-positive staining may be at high risk of metastasis and unfavorable prognosis.


This study is an investigation of how modeling aids learners in developing problem solving skills within a computer learning environment. The task given to the 45 undergraduate and continuing education students serving as subjects, was to solve a crime in the computer game, "Where in Time is Carmen San Diego." Thre-' subject groups received one of the following treatments: Expert Model, Novice Model, or No Model. Modellng entailed subjects viewing a computer-based animated and narrated movie showing how either an expert or novice completed the task. Results of the study indicate that modeling does not have an effect on the performance of participant:, however it did contribute to the development of cognitive skills. (Contains 27 references.) (Author) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (EMI 0 This document haS been reprOduced as received from the person or organization orrginating it 0 tvtrnor changes have been made to ImprOve reproduction Quality Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent otirciat OE RI position or policy


The widely repeated assertion that children acquire all the basic operations of the adult grammar at a very young age—by age 31/2 or 5 or 6—is repudiated in Chomsky's monograph The Acquisition of Syntax in Children from 5 to 10. The format of the monograph follows rather closely the conventional organization of a dissertation. It is the report of a small-scale study of 40 children, aged 5 to 10, engaged in four language tasks. The procedures used in the study provide a generalizable method for studying the acquisition of complex syntactic structures, and the results of the investigation give some insights into the acquisition process. Perhaps the most important contribution of the paper is the lucid presentation of the relationship between the sentence structures used in the study and theoretical notions about linguistic complexity.


"School-enterprise cooperation and work-integrated learning" is an educational pattern aiming at vocational talent training,which also functions as a breakthrough in the reform.Begun from the training of management talents,the paper analyzes the influencing factors and the main patterns of "working" and "learning" combination.


The process of pilot test of synthesis of complex esters used in external lubricant was described and the effects of technical parameters on the product quality were discussed. The applied potential of the lubricant was also outlined.


This paper will characterize some new solvent-free silicone emulsions in comparison with conventional products and describe their effects in masonry paints. The new solvent-free silicones meet targets for water absorption and water vapour permeability. Scouring tests confirm the mechanical strength of the paint films. Furthermore it is shown that new silicone types are more economical than conventional, i.e. less amounts are required to achieve good result.


With suicidal behavior being linked to depression that starts at an early age of a person's life, many investigators are trying to find early tell-tale signs to assist psychologists in detecting clinical depression through acoustic analysis of a patient's speech. The purpose of this paper was to study the effectiveness of Mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) in capturing the overall mental state of a patient through the analysis of their various vocal emotions displayed during 20 minutes of problem-solving interaction sessions. We also propose both gender based and gender independent clinical depression models using Gaussian Mixture models. Experiments on 139 adolescents subject corpus indicates that incorporation of both first and second time derivatives of MFCCs can improve the overall classification accuracy by 3%. Gender differences proved to be a factor in improving clinical depressed subject detection, where gender based models outperformed the gender independent models by 8%.


The dendritic cell(DC) has the most powerful function among the antigen presenting cells known hitherto,which stimulates naive T cells and plays a pivotal role in inducing T cell tolerance.The role of DC in rheumatoid arthritis(RA) has aroused more and more attention.This article reviews the role of DC in RA and the researches on the drug intervention in its treatment.


This paper describes the successful field test of the NADIA (Navette de Diagraphie, which means logging shuttle) wireline reentry system, an apparatus designed and built by IFREMER (Institut Francaise de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer) to place instruments and to carry out well logging in boreholes in the deep sea without a drill ship. The Campagne FARE (Faisabilite Re-Entree) field tests in July 1988 in DSDP (Deep Sea Drilling Project) Hole 396B (near the Kane Fracture Zone at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (Figure 1)) demonstrated the feasibility of routine reentry and logging in a water depth of 4455 m.


Objective To observe the impact of diabetes and stress hyperglycemia on thrombolytic effect and short-term prognosis in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods A total of 127 patients with acute cerebral infarction( ≤4. 5 h) who received thrombolytic therapy with alteplase at General Hospital of Beijing Military Command from January 2012 to August 2013 were enrolled retrospectively. They were divided into three groups: Diabetes group( n = 35),stress hyperglycemia group( n = 49),and normal glucose group( n = 43) according to whether they had a history of diabetes,random glucose on admission,and oral glucose tolerance test at day 7. At 24 h after thrombolysis,the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale( NIHSS) scores,recanalization rate,and the modified Rankin Scale( mRS) scores at day 90 were compared between the 2 groups. Results Before thrombolysis,the NIHSS scores of the diabetic group,stress hyperglycemia group,and normal glucose group were 14. 2 ± 5. 1,12. 8 ± 5. 6,and 13. 0 ± 4. 6,respectively( P0.05);at24 h after thrombolysis,they were14.7±6.0,11.9±4.9,and8.0±2.9,respectively( P0.05);compared with before thrombolysis,the NIHSS scores of the diabetes group and the stress hyperglycemia group had no significant change( P 0. 05); the NIHSS score of the normal glucose group was lower than before thrombolysis. There was significant difference( P 0. 05). After thrombolysis,the patients with good recanalization were 54. 3%( n = 19),57. 1%( n = 28),and 67. 4%( n = 29),respectively in the three groups; the hemorrhagic conversion rate was 14. 3%( n = 5),6. 1%( n = 3),and 2. 3%( n = 1),respectively.There were no significant differences. At day 90 after thrombolysis,the mRS scores in the 3 groups showed that the good prognosis rate of the normal glucose group was 72. 1%( n = 31); it was significantly higher than 51. 0%( n = 25) of the stress hyperglycemia group and 29. 6%( n = 10) of the diabetes group. There were significant differences( P 0. 05,P 0. 01). There was also significant difference between the stress hyperglycemia group and the diabetes group. Conclusion Diabetes and stress hyperglycemia have varying degrees of adverse effects on the efficacy and prognosis of the thrombolytic therapy for acute cerebral infarction.


This paper introduces two information-theoretically secure protocols that achieve quantum secure direct communication between Alice and Bob in the first case, and among Alice, Bod and Charlie in the second case. Both protocols use the same novel method to embed the secret information in the entangled composite system of the players. The way of encoding the information is the main novelty of this paper and the distinguishing feature compared to previous works in the field. The advantage of this method is that it is easily extensible and can be generalized to a setting involving three, or even more, players, as demonstrated with the second protocol. This trait can be beneficial when two spatially separated players posses only part of the secret information that must be combined and transmitted to Alice in order for her to reveal the complete secret. Using the three player protocol, this task can be achieved in one go, without the need to apply a typical QSDC protocol twice, where Alice first receives Bob's information and afterwards Charlie's information. Another characteristic of both protocols is their simplicity and uniformity. The two player protocol relies on EPR pairs, and the three player protocol on GHZ triples, which can be easily prepared with our current technology. In the same vein, the local quantum circuits are similar or identical, and are easily constructible as they employ only Hadamard and CNOT gates.


In this paper, a tunable chiral metamaterial incorporated with active components of PIN diodes are proposed to dynamically control the asymmetric transmission performance of linearly polarized electromagnetic (EM) wave. With the change of working states of the PIN diodes, the chiral responses of the active metamaterial are tuned in real time. Experiments have been conducted to validate the design principle, which shows a flexible switching of the transmission amplitude at 6 GHz. The proposed method may provide an alternative way to facilitate the development of multi-functional EM device.


This invention discloses a system and method for displaying 3-D stereoscopic images, in which stereoscopic image data are processed separately by two graphic processing channels. The operation of the two channels is synchronized, so that the processed stereoscopic images are outputted simultaneously to be displayed either by a polarization system or a head-mounted LCD system. Such a display system allows a viewer's left eye to see only a left image and the right eye to see only the right image, yet seeing the same pair of stereoscopic images at the same time, to create a natural 3-D image illusion.


This paper studies the energy-efficient routing and wavelength assignment in translucent WDM networks, analyzing the role of the signal regeneration. We show that, taking into account physical layer impairments and the consequent possible regeneration, suitable algorithms have to be adopted to achieve satisfactory energy efficiency. Then, we analyze the energy efficiency achievable with different modulation formats. The case of mixed line-rate networks is also considered and a heuristic method is proposed to efficiently decide the set of connections, at different bit rates, to be assigned to each traffic demand with the goal of minimizing the total consumed power.


Abstract The chelation behavior of the phenolic‐formaldehyde polymers, poly(2,4‐dihydroxybenzoic acid‐3,5‐diylmethylene) polymer I, poly(2‐hydroxy‐benzoic acid‐3,5‐diylmethylene) polymer II, and poly(3‐hydroxybenzoic acid‐4,6‐diylmethylene) polymer III toward the trivalent lanthanide metal‐ions, La3+, Nd3+, Sm3+, Gd3+, and Tb3+ was studied by a static batch equilibration technique at 25°C as a function of contact time, pH, and counter ion. The highest metal‐ion uptake of these polymers was achieved at pH 7.0 and by using perchlorate as the counter ion. Results of the study revealed that polymer I has the highest metal‐ion uptake capacity, and that the metal‐ion uptake falls in the order: Tb3+ > Gd3+ > Sm3+ > Nd3+ > La3+.


As humans we see the world in three dimension, many will recognise the fourth dimension (4D) as time, which can be represented by the detectable change in state of a given object between two points in time. In that sense we cannot see in 4D but as asset managers we experience asset performance and risk implications from it. While 3D addresses the questions 'what is the object and where is it?', 4D asks 'How did it change?'. Identifying change at scale has been made possible by the advent and adoption of cloud computing and use of increasingly sophisticated deep learning computer algorithms which can automatically identify and quantify change in timeframes that are a fraction of those achieved through traditional human-based methods. We are now able to move modelling into the fifth dimension (5D), which postulates all possible scenarios, now we are asking 'How could it change?'. This is extremely valuable because it allows us to quickly run complex simulations on extremely large datasets. For example, a utility can optimise their vegetation management strategy to meet certain cost or risk targets by virtually testing every possible combination of clearance standards.


Surface soil samples were collected from different locations of lower Bhavani Project (LBP) avacyt arcas in Periyar district and analysed for DTPA extractable-Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn. The results showed that 28 per cent of the soils were different in available-Zn. In the second phase. A pot experiment was conducted with fifteen bulk soils from different location of LBP based on available-Zn status of the soils in first phase of the project with five levels of Zn and ADT.38 rice as test crop. The crop was grown for seven secks only. The results showed that 1.61 ppm of DTPA-Zn in soils can be used as the critical level of Zn for delinneating the soils as Zn deficient areas from sufficient areas of LBP. In rice plant, 25.3 ppm of Zn can be used as critical level for diagnosing Zn deficiency in the well established ADT.38 rice plant of LBP ayacut areas.


To characterise Linc00518 expression in prostate cancer and elucidate the potential mechanistic involvement in paclitaxel resistance, the relative expression of Linc00518 and miR‐216b‐5p was determined by real‐time PCR. The regulatory effect of miR‐216b‐5p on either Linc00518 or GATA6 was interrogated with luciferase reporter assay. The endogenous GATA6 protein was analysed by Western blotting. The cell viability was measured by MTT assay and IC50 of paclitaxel was calculated through cell counting.


TypeⅠpiliA of avian pathogenic E.coli was a very important pathogenic factor.E.coli outer membrane protein had nicer immunogenicity and it played an important role in maintaining the form of bacteria,metabolism and immunity.The optimum conditions of induction from the temperature,amount of bacteria,induction opportunity,IPTG concentration and induction time in BL21/pET-28a-pilA and BL21/pET-28a-ompC were explored.The best condition of BL21/pET-28a-pilA was 40 ℃,80 μL was effective amount,shaking 2 h and then pipette IPTG into cuvettetests to make a final concentration of 0.96 mmol/L,and another 4h induction.The best condition of BL21/pET-28a-ompC was 37 ℃,80 μL was effective amount,shaking 2.5 h and then pipette IPTG into cuvettetests to make a final concentration of 0.64 mmol/L,and another 6 h induction.Thus,the highest expression levels of specific proteins were obtained.


A cross sectional study was conducted based on the data collected from annual health check in 2007-2008 in our hospital. Total 911 subjects, including 681 men and 230 women aged over 50, with no history of smoking and alcohol consumption less than 1-2 times/month were enrolled in the study. Subjects were excluded, if they had history of severe cardiocerebral vascular disease, diabetes mellitus under drug treatment,hypertension with diuretics or anti-hyperlipidemie treatment for last 3 month,and hepatic and/or renal dysfunction. The results showed that the prevalence of hyperuricemia in this population was 20.56% (140/681) and 22. 17% (51/230) for men and women respectively, and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome by NCEP criteria was 35. 83% ( 244/681 ) and 32. 17% ( 74/230) . Correlation analysis demonstrated that serum uric acid levels were positively correlated with waist circumference (r =0. 331), systolic BP (r =0. 219), diastolic BP (r =0.208) , TG(r =0. 181 ) , and negatively correlated with HDL-C (r= -0.375). Serum uric acid levels increased significantly with the numbers of metabolic syndrome components. Logistic analysis showed that higher serum uric acid concentrations significantly increased the risk of metabolic syndrome.

Key words:
Uric acid; Metabolic syndrome


The development situation and main difficulties of the development of innovation and entrepreneurship talents in domestic universities were acquired by summarizing and analyzing the policy characteristics and practical experience of the innovation, entrepreneurship and technology talents mobility in the United States, Britain and Japan. This paper proposed some suggestions about policies, including two modes and the design of frame, which could provide a path and countermeasures for the government to promote the innovation and entrepreneurial flow of scientific and technological talents, at the same time, provide development paths and suggestions for subsequent policy announcements.


Atmospheric aerosols have a significant influence on the climate system. On average, aerosols cool the atmosphere directly by scattering solar radiation and indirectly through aerosol–cloud interactions. However, some aerosol components are capable of absorbing visible solar radiation and warming the lower atmosphere. The most prevalent types of absorbing aerosols are black carbon (BC) and mineral dust. Most organic aerosols (OA) can be characterized as "white" because they efficiently scatter visible radiation. Recently, analyses from laboratory and field experiments have provided strong evidence for the existence of some OA with light absorbing properties. In recent scientific literature, the term "brown carbon" (BrC) has emerged to describe this type of OA, characterized by an absorption spectrum that smoothly increases from visible to UV wavelengths. Main sources of primary BrC are biomass burning and residential coal combustion, but recent studies have postulated the existence of various secondary sources of BrC resulting from multi-phase reactions of volatile organic compunds exposed to nitrogen oxides and ammonia.

In this work, we combine different evaluation strategies to constrain the absoprtion of organic aerosols simulated by the Multiscale Online Nonhydrostatic Atmosphere Chemistry (MONARCH) model. The validation of the model focuses mostly on the concentrations and optical properties of BC, OA and BrC. In-situ surface measurements of PM chemical composition (both off-line and on-line) and optical properties (multi-wavelengths scattering and absorption) provided by IDAEA-CSIC and columnar integrated optical properties (optical depth, single scattering albedo and asymmetry factor) derived from the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) are used. We discuss different sensitivity runs at the regional and global scale perturbing (i) the OA/BrC fraction of biomass burning and biofuel emissions, (ii) the refractive index of OA and BrC aerosol components, and (iii) the aging rates of photobleaching and browning processes.


Atrial low‐voltage zones (LVZs) may be related to maintenance of atrial fibrillation (AF). The influence of left atrial (LA) contact areas (CoAs) on reentrant or rotor‐like sources maintaining AF has not been investigated.


Objective To investigate the imaging characteristics of neonatal hypoglycemia encephalopathy(HE). Methods Retrospectively analyze six cases of neonatal hypoglycemia encephalopathy image data,AII of them has clinically diagnosed from 2007 to 2012. Results 4 cases scanned by MR,three of them showed slightly hypointensity on T1WI,slightly hyperintensity on T2WI,hyperintensity on T2Flair,involved the bilateral top and occipital lobe.The two cases were reversible after treatment,one case did not recheck by imaging.The other one scanned after treatment,which performance brain shrinkage in bilateral occipital lobe when clinical situation is normal;2 cases were performed low density on bilateral parietal and occipital which scanned by CT,the one recovered to normal completely,the other case concomitance subarachnoid hemorrhage,and the MR performance occipital lobe scarring which scanned after treatment. Conclusion Early imaging check in HE children has significance to treatment strategies and early intervention.


Jesus challenges us to stand by our beliefs even when it is disadvantageous and risky to do so. For example, we all say that we want to live in a community where justice and peace reign supreme. Yet when we witness a crime, say, drug pushing, are we willing to testify so that justice will be served? More often than not, the answer is no. And this because appearing in court may take much of our time or we fear that we will be the object of harassments or threats from the suspect or his family. If we all behave this way then we can bid goodbye to peace and order in our community. Then we can never become the light of the world that we are called to be.


Abstract Nonstoichiometric hexaferrite particles containing both Ba and K, with typical composition K0.8Ba0.6Fe10.5Co0.25O17, have been prepared by partial ion exchange in an aqueous solution of Ba(NO3)2at 40–80°C, from β″ ferrite precursor phase K2Fe10.5Co0.25O17. The β″ structure is maintained after the exchange reaction and the hexaferrite structure is formed by heating atT> 600°C. Exchange of K+by H3O+also takes place in the aqueous solution, resulting in the formation of Fe2O3during annealing. The crystal structure is described as an M-type hexaferrite structure with intergrown β-type cells. Saturation magnetization in a field of 20 kOe at room temperature is 35–38 emu/g; coercive fieldHc≈ 2.0 kOe andTc= 460°C. Low magnetization values have been related to the low percentage (66%) of M-type cells in the structure.


The movement to lessen penalties for the possession of small quantities of marihuana is gaining steam throughout the country. Already, six states (Alaska, Oregon, Ohio, Colorado, California, and Maine) have reduced the penalty to a misdemeanor or civil offense that does not bring the possessor a criminal record, and several other states are considering such laws. Concurrent with this effort, many scientists have redoubled their efforts to identify potential hazards associated with marihuana use, often in an effort to forestall further liberalization of the laws. While these scientists have produced new evidence of such hazards, it is by no means obvious that these findings should be a roadblock in the path of liberalization. Many reputable individuals and organizations argue, with some justification, that the social effects resulting from the felony convictions of hundreds of thousands of young people each year for possession of marihuana are far more serious than the health effects that have so far been identified. They also argue that a disproportionately large amount of the efforts of police and the courts is directed toward marihuana possessors, leaving them less time to deal with more serious crimes. Such proponents thus contend that the legal debate about liberalization of marihuana laws should be separated from the medical debate about the potential hazards of marihuana use. But even most of the firmest advocates of change in the marihuana laws agree that every possible effort should be made to discourage teenagers and young women who are or may be pregnant from using the drug. Although some of the recent findings support the generally well-accepted conclusion that use of marihuana and its derivatives known collectively as cannabis is strongly deleterious to the lungs, most of the findings bear on the possibility that cannabis can cause impairment of both the immune system and the reproductive system. Serious concern about these possibilities was aroused a little more than a year ago [Science, 23 Aug. 1974, p. 683] when Gabriel G. Nahas and his associates at the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons reported that lymphocytes from regular users of cannabis showed an impaired capacity to proliferate in the presence of agents that stimulate mitosis (mitogens). About the same time, Robert C. Kolodny of the Reproductive Biology Research Foundation in St.


College students (in Experiment 1) and 7th-grade students (in Experiment 2) learned how to design the roots, stem, and leaves of plants to survive in 8 different environments through a computer-based multimedia lesson. They learned by interacting with an animated pedagogical agent who spoke to them (Group PA) or received identical graphics and explanations as on-screen text without a pedagogical agent (Group No PA). Group PA outperformed Group No PA on transfer tests and interest ratings but not on retention tests. To investigate further the basis for this personal agent effect, we varied the interactivity of the agent-based lesson (Experiment 3) and found an interactivity effect: Students who participate in the design of plant parts remember more and transfer what they have learned to solve new problems better than students who learn the same materials without participation. Next, we varied whether the agent's words were presented as speech or on-screen text, and whether the agent's image appeared on the screen. Both with a fictional agent (Experiment 4) and a video of a human face (Experiment 5), students performed better on tests of retention and problem-solving transfer when words were presented as speech rather than on-screen text (producing a modality effect) but visual presence of the agent did not affect test performance (producing no image effect). Results support the introduction of interactive pedagogical agents who communicate with students via speech to promote meaningful learning in multimedia lessons.


INTRODUCTION Information provision to the rural dwellers in Nigeria has suffered a complete neglect over a long time and it has led to the situation whereby the rural populace are information starved. Obviously, the rural populace suffers from acute low productivity, social and economic regression due to ignorance, which is also a direct consequence of either inadequate or lack of information provision to them. The only information outfits over time that are available to the Nigerian rural dwellers are radio and television. The community dwellers due to inadequate provision of public services such as health care services, library and information services, etc usually have the need to travel to cities for them to obtain wider access. Travel, however, may not be an easy option, due to low income. According to Encyclopedia Britannica (2007) rural society is a society in which there is low ratio of inhabitants to open land and in which the most important economic activities are the production of foodstuffs, fibers and raw materials. However, the poor socio-economic conditions of community dwellers could be improved with the provision of community-based library and information services. One of the surest ways of raising the standard of life in the rural areas is the provision of useful and reliable information through library services. A community-based library is basically concerned with the provision of problem-solving information to the community dwellers. According to the South African Community Library and Information Services Bill, community-based library and information services (CIS) is defined as library and information services established, funded or maintained by a province or municipality to provide library and information services to the public or community dwellers (South Africa Government Gazette, 2010). Community-based library and information services involves provision of citizen action information needed for effective participation as individuals or as members of a group in the social, political, legal, and economic process. Community-based library and information services assist individuals and groups with daily problem-solving and with participation in the democratic process. In this vein, effective provision of community-based library and information services in Nigeria's rural communities has the potential of providing the people's information needs promptly in the proper language and format. BACKGROUND INFORMATION OF ASA LOCAL GOVERNMENT Asa Local Government is one of the oldest in Kwara State, Nigeria. It was created in 1976 with it's headquarter in Afon. The Local Government Area has 12 wards and shares boundary with Osun State in several locations. It has an area of 1,286 km2 and a population of 1,26,435 at the 2006 population census. (National Population Commission, 2006). The categories of people living in the rural areas of Asa Local Government Area of Kwara State include farmers, hunters, petty traders, teachers, cattle-rearers, Local health workers, Local Government workers, artisans, politicians, students, etc. The rural communities in the Local Government Area include: Afon, Igbo-Nla, Igbo-Aran, Oguntoyinbo, Otte-Oja, Aboto-Oja, Okeso, Ballah, Alapa, Laduba, Ogbondoroko, Olowu Oko, Lasoju, Igbo Aran, Eiyenkorin, Budo Egba, Ilaji Garuba, Idiapa Sadadi, Ago Oja, Ila Oja, Faje, Budo Are, Aladera Magaji, Akunyun and Elebute. Others are: Iyana Alakuko, Gaa-Lamba, Okepete, Pampo, Apata Ajele, Ogiri, Onile Aro, Ajuwon, Efue, Gaa Abuyanrin, Berikodo Dongari, Gbaja, Ologbo, Agboyi, Ilaji Owode, Owode Alagbon, Oniyere, Ajagusi, Budo Adio, Onikeke, Yede, Oja Iya, Kupola, Awe, Agbonna, Jagun and Agbolu. Yoruba and Fulani are the major languages of the people of the Local Government Area. The major economic activities of the people are farming, trading, carving, cattle rearing, hunting, and garri processing. The major festivals include; Egungun Festival and Alagbe Acrobat. …


:The effects of temperature,metallurgical conditions,dissolved oxygen,dissolved hydrogen,dissolved anions such as sulfate and chloride in high temperature water on the stress corrosion cracking of stainless steels and nickel base alloys have been reviewed,especially for the development in the last two decades.


To investigate the effect of Ginko Biloba extract (GbE) on expression of TGF-β1 mRNA and
deposition of collagen in CC14 rats. Methods: 40 Wistar rats were divided into 3 gronps: control group (n=10). CC14 grouop (n = 15),GbE group (n=15). Ry the end of 12th week, the rats were killed. Degrees of fibrosis were determined by histopathology under microscopy and electron microscopy; The expression of TGF-β1 mRNA was measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) ; MDA in hepatic tissue and serum PAF were measured also. Results: In CC14 group 8 rats developed to cirrhosis, while in GbE group only 3 rats produced cirrhosis; Compared with CC14 group, the TGF-β1 mRNA level was remarkedly decreased(P0. 05)and the content of MDA and PAF were significiant-ly reduced in GbE group(P0. 05). Conclusion:GbE can resist PAF,scavenge free redical and downregulate the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA, and therefore inhibit deposition of collagen in hepatic tissue.


The presented work summarizes the arguments and counter-arguments within the scientific discussion on analyzing world experience in creating digital goods markets based on its platforms. Pricing policy on the Internet has many nuances, particularly geographic location, dynamic pricing, and price discrimination depending on belonging to a specific social category. The main goal of the conducted research is to identify the main directions of influence on the price policy, which are relevant for the digital goods market, particularly in the gaming industry. The systematization of literary sources and approaches to solving the problem of analyzing the peculiarities of conducting the pricing policy of digital goods proved that this problem is quite relevant among scientists worldwide and needs further elaboration. The research was carried out in the following logical sequence: 1) analysis of literary sources and popular methods of price discrimination; 2) consideration of the concept of a game platform as the basis of the distribution of power between various market subjects; 3) comparison of activities of popular gaming platforms; 4) consideration of game products as certain economic microsystems, and "skins" as currency in these systems; 5) analyzing specific games that use atypical methods of earning profit as for the non-digital world; 6) consideration of tools for expanding markets to a vast network using the example of web API interfaces. The global digital goods market was chosen as the object of the study. The research paper presents the results of a theoretical analysis of pricing strategies for the gaming industry as one of the essential branches of the digital sector. The digital services market began to form relatively recently, based on the stock market's pricing principles. However, everything related to digitalization is developing more rapidly, so the time has come when you can adopt various existing practices of the digital services market for the physical market, namely the use of digital platforms, differentiated pricing policies, the use of additional market research tools such as Telegram bots, online stores, applications, etc.


A 5‐month‐old baby was referred to our pulmonary clinic because of chronic cough and wheeze, unresponsive to antiasthmatic treatment. Examination in the Infant Pulmonary Function Laboratory suggested an upper airway obstruction. An aberrant right subclavian artery was subsequently confirmed by a barium swallow, flexible bronchoscopy, and an angiographic reconstructed chest CT study. Due to modest symptoms a conservative medical approach was taken. At follow‐up 1 year later, the patient had fewer respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2003; 35:62–66. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The preparation and characterization of carbosilane dendrimers based on a central Si8012 silsesquioxane cube is reported. The synthesis starts with the readily available precursor [ΝΜβ4]8[3ί8Ο20]·69Η2Ο (1) and uses consecutive hydrosilylation/vinylation steps. INTRODUCTION Functionalized silsesquioxanes bearing a cube-like Si8012 central core are highly promising building blocks in the design of new materials [1-5] and novel polymers [6-8]. Another type of silicon-containing molecules which offer a variety of interesting possible applications are carbosilane dendrimers [9-13]. It thus appeared to be an interesting synthetic goal to combine these two exciting areas of silicon chemistry, i.e. to prepare and study carbosilane dendrimers based on a central Si80i2 silsesquioxane cube. A recent publication by Morris et al. [14] in which a closely related series of such compounds is described prompts us to report our initial results in this field. PREPARATIVE RESULTS Scheme 1 illustrates the synthesis of the dendritic silsesquioxane molecules 3 and 4. The silsesquioxane-type tetramethylammonium octasilicate [NMe4]8[Si802o]'69H20 (1) was chosen as a suitable starting material. This compound is easily accessible by reacting colloidal Si02 with aqueous tetramethylammonium hydroxide [15-18], Despite the high water content it can be converted into neutral octasubstituted silsesquioxanes by treatment with various chlorosilanes or siloxanes [15,17,19,20], The use of vinylor allylchlorosilanes allows the introduction of olefinic functional groups which are a prerequisite for the construction of dendrimers via hydrosilylation/olefination sequences. An improvement of the literature preparation [20] enabled us to prepare the octasubstituted dimethyl(vinyl)siloxy derivative 2 in 96% isolated yield. A gas chromatographic analysis confirmed the presence of a single product. The subsequent hydrosilylation of 2 with HSiCI3 is sluggish in the presence of catalytic amounts of H2PtCI6, but it was found that good results can be obtained by using Karstedt's catalyst. The hydrosilylation product 3 was isolated in 95% yield as a crystalline white solid, which was readily characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic data (IR, H, C, Si NMR). Despite the presence of 24 Si-CI bonds in the molecule, compound 3 appears to be moderately air-stable. Crystalline 3 can be briefly handled in air without noticeable decomposition. The first generation trichlorosilane dendrimer 3 can be converted into the corresponding 24-vinyl dendrimer 4 by treatment with excess vinylmagnesium bromide in THF solution. Compound 4 too has been characterized by elemental analysis and its spectroscopic data. These initial results clearly show that the use of the cubic Si8012 core allows the straightforward preparation of nearly spherical carbosilane dendrimers with a large number of functional groups on the outside.


Objective To identify the phenotype and genotype of a clinical sample with ABO blood grouping discrepancies.Methods The sample with ABO grouping discrepancies from hospital was detected with serologic and genetic method.ABO phenotype was detected with serologic method.Polymerase chain reaction method with sequence-specific primers(PCR-SSP) was carried out to clarify the ABO genotype.The sequence analysis of exons 6 and 7 of ABO gene was conducted by sequence-based testing(SBT) and cloning sequencing.Results Serologic identification:ABw Phenotype;PCR-SSP detection:AB genotype;SBT detection:A101/ B101 heterozygote except nt1055G/A mutation;Cloning sequencing:G1055A mutation was found on B101allele.It is a new allele named Bw07.Conclusion A101/Bw07 genotype has been found in Chinese population.


e16509 Background: Majority of cancer patients (pts) are diagnosed and treated in the community. Community oncologists lack adequate time, resource, incentive, infrastructure, and reimbursement to conduct clinical trials, resulting in 3-5% national enrollment rate. NCCCP is designed to create a CBCC network to support basic, clinical and population-based research.

METHODS
CTE data before (July 2004-July2007) and after (July 2007-July 2010) NCCCP, at Saint Francis Cancer Treatment Center (SFCTC), an NCCCP site, were gathered and compared. This included number/percentage of pts, and percentage of underserved population on clinical trials, information regarding number/type of available trials, staffing, collection/storage of tissue samples, organizational infrastructure and linkage to NCI designated cancer centers.

RESULTS
Before NCCCP, there were 454, 542, and 515 new cancer cases/yr seen with 23 (5%), 22 (4%), and 47 (9%) pts/yr enrolled in clinical trials compared to 541, 540, and 528 cases/yr and 56 (10%), 103 (19%), and 143 (27%) pts/yr enrolled after NCCCP, representing an overall cumulative increase of 13% (Chi-square test, P<0.0001). All pts enrolled were from rural Nebraska, with 70% being 60 years or older. Number of available clinical trials before NCCCP was 8, 13, 15/yr, compared to 19, 37, 50/yr after NCCCP, reflecting 66% increase (Chi-square test, P<0.001). There were more treatment, tissue, and correlative trials after NCCCP. Clinical trial staffing increased from 1, 1, 2 FTEs (non-RN) to 2, 3 (2 RNs), 5 (3RNs)/yr before and after NCCCP. A nurse navigator and genetic counselor became available after NCCCP. Collection and storage of tissue samples increased from 27 before NCCCP to 100 after NCCCP. Affiliation with NCI designated Eppley Cancer Institute enhanced linkage to NCI programs improving existing infrastructure for clinical trials.

CONCLUSIONS
During a 3-year period before and after NCCCP, significant increases in clinical trial enrollment and research related activities were observed at SFCTC. NCCCP may greatly improve access to cancer clinical trials, research and related activities in CBCCs like ours.


Photoacoustic spectroscopy was used as a technique to measure the visible spectra of powdery pharmaceutical samples. It was demonstrated that methyl red is in acid-form in crystalline cellulose and in baseform in MgO. This study indicates that photoacoustic spectroscopy is very effective in the analysis of pharmaceutical powders.


AbstractCentral and eastern parts of the Black Sea Region in Turkey are pivotal in production of hazelnut and tea. The soils are vulnerable to leaching of nutrients and water erosion, and the need of mapping and assessment of possible risks is growing. Information about soil hydraulic properties is required for this purpose; however, it has been scarcely determined in the area. This study aimed to contribute in filling the gap. Arable land of eight provinces (Sinop, Samsun, Ordu, Giresun, Trabzon, Gumushane, Rize, and Artvin) was investigated using 3,400 disturbed soil samples from the surface layer. Intersections of grid squares 2.5×2.5  km were sampled and analyzed. Ten models of pedotransfer functions available in the literature were tested for estimation of field capacity (FC), wilting point (WP), and available water capacity (AWC). The reliability of estimations was tested and evaluated on available data from five testing localities (382 samples). Finally, the values of FC, WP, and AWC were estimated...


In Bulgaria, there are no nationally accepted benchmark standards for master's level (Mlevel) hospitality management (HM) programmes. Course design is undertaken by individual institutions and informed by the industry. Based on a survey of 207 Bulgarian hotel general managers, and employing descriptive statistics and principal components' analysis, the aim was to provide a success profile for hotel management to assist Bulgarian M-level HM educators with the process of course design. Key success criteria include emotional intelligence, complaints' handling, vigilance, trust and work experience. Implications for HM master's course development, featuring experiential learning, case studies, critical incidents and simulations, are discussed.


The idea of Support Vector Machine (SVM) is to project the primal data which are not separable in the primal space into a new high dimensional feature space by a nonlinear function, so that the data can be separated in the new space correctly. But sometimes the result is not satisfied. In order to improve the accuracy, a two-layer SVM is put forward in the paper. Through mapping the primal data into a much higher dimensional space by nonlinear function for two times, the data could be separated in the final feature space as most as possible. A new kernel function is also deduced from two layers SVM which can also satisfy the Mercer theorem. The algorithm is deducted, proved and simulated in detail. The complexity of SVM is not increased, but the classification accuracy can be improved by this means.


The authors presents a knowledge representation technique for representing fuzzy knowledge using extended fuzzy Petri nets. Here the uncertainty factors of the fuzzy production rules in a rule-based system and the truth values in a rule-based system and the truth values of the propositions appearing in the rules are represented by fuzzy numbers. The fuzzy reasoning process presented by S. M. Chen (1992) also can be modeled by the extended fuzzy Petri nets. An example is used to illustrate the fuzzy reasoning process using extended fuzzy Petri nets.<<ETX>>


Tuxpeno and Suwan germplasms are the important maize germplasm resources in tropical areas and a number of good inbred lines and hybrid combinations were bred from those germplasms in Southwest mountainous areas in China.In order to keep their germplasm advantage and overcome their disadvantage,QB602、QB912 and QB926 with a better combining ability were bred from Reid×Tuxpeno after repeated mixed pollination and QB408、QB437 and QB476 with a better combining ability were bred from Lancast×Suwan.Two balanced populations of Reid/Tuxpeno and Lancast/Suwan can be used for further recurrent selection.The paper discusses the possibility of heterotic mode between Reid/Tuxpeno and Lancast/Suwan in Southern China.


This paper shows that a two-way fixed effects (TWFE) estimator is a weighted average of first-difference (FD) estimators with different gaps between periods, generalizing a well-known equivalence theorem in a two-period panel. Exploiting the identity, I clarify required conditions for the causal interpretation of the TWFE estimator. I highlight its several limitations and propose a generalized estimator that overcomes the limitations. An empirical application on the estimates of the minimum wage effects illustrates that recognizing the numerical equivalence and making use of the generalized estimator enable more transparent understanding of what we get from the TWFE estimator. Hitotsubashi University, Department of Economics (email: email@example.com). 1


The present invention includes the steps of receiving a step in which relates to the ultrasonic sensor driving method, a slow network ultrasonic sensor (sensor) in the lean communication message (message) on the (LIN network) from the host controller, transfer, ultrasonic sensors lean communication message, If the ultrasound sensors are lean blood ID of the communication message (PID, Protected Identifier) identifying the instruction in the field (field), perform sensing an object instruction of blood ID field command, regardless of the value of the remaining fields of the lean communication message ultrasonic sensors radiate ultrasonic waves directly to is characterized in that comprises the step of measuring the distance to the object.


The COVID-19 pandemic is exacerbating longstanding challenges facing children with tracheostomies and their families. Myriad ethical concerns arising in the long-term care of children with tracheostomies during COVID-19 revolve around inadequate access to care, healthcare resources, and rehabilitation services. Marginalized communities such as those from Black and Hispanic origins face disproportionate chronic illness because of racial and other underlying disparities. In this paper, we describe how these disparities also present challenges to children who are technology-dependent, such as those with tracheostomies and discuss the emerging ethical discourse regarding healthcare and resource access for this population during the pandemic.


We study variable to fixed-length random number generators (VFRs) that input a variable number of symbols from a finite memory source of arbitrary order and unknown parameters, and output a number uniformly distributed in {0, 1, ..., M-1} for arbitrary fixed M. We further require that the VFR output be uniformly distributed also if an arbitrary bound N is imposed on the input length, at the cost of a positive probability of the VFR terminating with no output (failing). We characterize the essentially unique optimal VFR, which minimizes both the expected input length and the failure probability for all truncation levels N. We precisely characterize, up to an additive constant, the expected input length of the optimal VFR, which includes a model cost term similar to those encountered in universal data compression and universal simulation.


This paper comments on "Asynchronous Logic Implementation Based on Factorized DIMS" [Jour. of Circuits, Systems, and Computers, vol. 26, no. 5, 1750087, pages 9, May 2017] with respect to two problematic issues: i) the gate orphan problem implicit in the factorized DIMS approach discussed in the referenced article which affects the strong-indication, and ii) how the enumeration of product terms to represent the synthesis cost is skewed in the referenced article because the logic expression contains sum of products and also product of sums. It is observed that the referenced article has not provided a general logic synthesis algorithm excepting only an example illustration involving a 3-input AND gate function. The absence of a general logic synthesis algorithm would make it difficult to reproduce the research described in the referenced article. Moreover, the example illustration in the referenced article describes an unsafe logic decomposition which is not suitable for strong-indication asynchronous circuit synthesis. Further, a logic synthesis method which safely decomposes the DIMS solution to synthesize strong-indication asynchronous circuits is already available in the existing literature, which was neither cited nor taken up for comparison in the referenced article, which is another drawback. Subsequently, it is concluded that the referenced article has not advanced existing knowledge in the field but has caused confusions. Hence, in the interest of avid readers, this paper additionally highlights some important and relevant literature which provide valuable information about robust asynchronous circuit synthesis techniques which employ delay-insensitive codes for data representation and processing and the 4-phase return-to-zero handshake protocol for data communication.


Based on analysing the meaning of students' development in all-round way, this article puts forward curriculum reform of higher vocational education should pay more attention to the physical education course and courses of psychological health guidance, stick to the foundation status of basic courses, stick out the utility of technical courses, set integrated courses and strengthen the opening of the curriculum.


For 6.3 kV distribution grid of a certain aluminium plant in Tongliao,Inner Mongolia,electric energy loss is serious and power quality is poor.Therefore,a hybrid SVC based on TSC and APF was adopted to compensate reactive power and eliminate harmonics for high power load.The system was put into use in 2007,better compensation and filtering effect was obtained,and high controllability and fast response were achieved.For reactive compensation and harmonic control problem of power supply system in metallurgical industry,it can be used for reference.


Introduction Breakdown of high-pressure gases in short intervals sequentially resembles a series of stages. The avalanche-streamer stage develops in the entire volume of the inter-intercut and forms a glowing volume discharge with an electron concentration ne ~ 10-10 cm. As the plasma streamer reaches the cathode surface, the electric field is redistributed between the cathode and the anode, with a significant gain up to 10-10 V/m, mainly between the plasma front and the cathode. The enhanced electric field leads to the formation of a cathode spot and the electron beam drift through the glow discharge plasma, with the formation of a narrow spark channel 2r ~ 10 сm. In the same time there are observed the increases in the electron emission and in the current. Thus, energy is poured into the spark channel with an electron beam, which leads to its sharp expansion. Considering that the expansion rate of the spark channel is greater than the diffusion rate of the magnetic field lines in the channel plasma, the expanding plasma front of the spark channel shifts the magnetic field lines, reducing it in the center and increasing them near the electrodes (cathode and anode). This system leads to the limitation of energy losses with a simultaneous increase in the internal energy of the plasma. Thus, in a strong longitudinal magnetic field, the plasma channel (formed as a result of electron beam drift) acquires the properties of a magnetic trap. [1-3]


Introduction. Manifolds without conjugate points have been treated in Riemannian case by M. Morse, G. A. Hedlund, E. Hopf, L. W. Green and others, and discussed in more general metric spaces by H. Busemann and E. M. Zaustinsky. In the present paper, we shall at first extend the notion of conjugate points to differentiable manifolds with affine connection (Section 1), and investigate a two-dimensional affinely connected manifold without conjugate points. In Section 2 we shall study a condition of the non-existence of conjugate points in two-dimensional affinely connected manifold (THEOREM 1). In Section 3 we shall show by an example that the result of flatness of a twodimensional Riemannian torus without conjugate points, given by Morse, Hedlund Q9] and Hopf Q6] no longer holds for the affinely connected torus in general (THEOREM 2). The author wishes to express his gratitude to Professor Kakutarό Morinaga for his kind suggestions and encouragement during the preparation of this paper.


Placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) is a very rare tumor of young women and unique form of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) representing a neoplastic transformation of intermediate trophoblastic cells that play a critical role in implantation. It accounts for 1-2% of all GTNs, incidence of it being 1 in 1,00,000 pregnancies. It displays a wide clinical spectrum from benign lesion within uterus to highly metastatic features with widespread features of metastasis and can be difficult to control even with surgery and chemotherapy. Unlike other forms of GTD, it is characterized by low β-hCG levels because it is a neoplastic proliferation of intermediate trophoblastic cells. PSTT can develop following all kind of pregnancies, whereas approximately 50% of PSTT cases occur after a normal pregnancy and other cases follow abortion, term delivery, ectopic pregnancy and molar pregnancy. Histopathologically, PSTT has proliferation of intermediate trophoblastic cells and absence of villi. It shows less invasion of vascular tissue and using immune histochemistry revealed that PSTT cells expressed HPL more than β-hCG, characterized by increased expression of the HPL in histological section as well as serum. The most common presenting symptoms of PSTT are irregular vaginal bleeding associated with uterine sub involution. Patient can also be presented with amenorrhea, nephritic syndrome, abdominal pain, galactorrhea and hemoptysis. Hence any case of unusual bleeding should be investigated with dilation and curettage and βHCG levels. Although the majority of patients of the non-metastatic PSTT are cured by hysterectomy but in metastatic cases, it requires aggressive treatment with chemotherapy and radiation. Due to its seldom occurrence and uncharacteristic clinical presentation, to reach a correct diagnosis and management is a surgeon's nightmare and can be very challenging.


It is important that education on stroke is provided in ways that people can really understand

Getting people to hospital quickly for specialist care after a stroke saves lives and reduces disability.1 However, for many people, the most appropriate care is delayed and, in some cases, may not happen at all. Other than the ongoing lack of specialist stroke services, what is it that impedes access to best services for patients who have a stroke?

Huge efforts have been made to highlight the seriousness of stroke and the importance of getting swift medical attention. However, the long lasting effects of education and screening campaigns are debatable,2–4 providing a reminder (if one were needed) of the complexity of health promotion for behaviour change. Key questions to face are whether the level of knowledge about stroke is good enough, and whether that knowledge leads to appropriate action when people experience a stroke.

A number of recent studies have explored the quality of the public's knowledge about stroke and many make depressing reading.2,3 The recent study by Carroll et al 5 (summarised in the "Echo" which appears on page 168 of this issue of QSHC ) presents contrasting findings about the level …


This work was developed in INEGI, Institute of Mechanic Engineering and Industrial Management, under the curricular training of Master in Industrial Engineering and Management of the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Oporto. The project management has emerged mainly due to the need to compete in a world of great change with increasing levels of complexity, in which the ability to respond promptly and in an integrated manner becomes increasingly important. The activity carried out by INEGI requires the need for a more efficient project management and with centralized management information. That requires a reflection work about the topic of projects management and about the inherent processes with this activity. This work aims at optimising of the process of project management in INEGI, having as main objectives the creation of a methodology addressed at both operational and organizational levels. Thus, are analyzed best practices in projects management in the market and then is approached the whole process of project management at both operational and organizational level in INEGI. Through the operational execution of functions and a comprehensive survey about the projects management practices in the organization that leads to a systematization of the difficulties experienced in INEGI in this area. With the purpose of introducing a significant improvement in the project management is tabled a new methodology. The methodology adopted addresses to a model of management of multiple projects based on a practice established in the Project Management Body of Knowledge compiled by the Project Management Institute (PMBOK / PMI), international entity which organizes the concepts, techniques, tools and the best practices of project management. The organizational approach demands proper monitoring of projects to increase the reliability of services provided. The operational approach aims to make an operational control of the different phases of project management. The expected improvements are primarily related to an increase in the customer satisfaction due to a more effective monitoring of projects and a more efficient use of human and financial resources. Desenvolvimento do Processo de Gestao de Projectos


© A measurement mechanism which can be implemented in any complex system for measuring the service times required for carrying out specified operations, the system comprising a plurality of components and working in pre-emptive mode so that an operation once started by a component can be suspended to perform other operations which are requested by the same or other components if these operations have higher priority levels. It comprises a current status register 16 in which the system stores a status value representative of the current operation being performed by the system and a reference status register 18 in which a reference value representative of the operation to be measured, is stored. These values are compared through compare logic circuit 24 under control of a filtering value stored in register 20. When a match is detected by circuit 24 the content of counter 40 is incremented. At the end of the measure the content of counter 40 is transferred into register 44 the content of which represents the measured value. By selecting the filtering value any specified partial or total service time can be directly measured.


Includes list of cast and crew. Also includes a ticket stub of 15 November 1987 at 6.30 pm price Lm 1.


This thesis contains formal derivations of several two-dimensional pattern matching algorithms. The two-dimensional pattern matching problem is to find all exact occurrences of a given two-dimensional pattern matrix within a larger matrix. Two-dimensional pattern matching is mostly applied in image processing (and image recognition in particular), although there are other applications as well. We give a formal derivation (and correctness proof) for several known algorithms in this field, as well as a few improvements to some of these algorithms. Samenvatting Dit afstudeerverslag bevat formele afleidingen voor enige algoritmen voor twee-dimensionale pa-troonherkenning. Het probleem van twee-dimensionale patroonherkenning bestaat uit het vinden van de voorkomens van een gegeven twee-dimensionale patroonmatrix binnen een grotere matrix. Twee-dimensionale patroonherkenning wordt vooral toegepast binnen de beeldverwerking (en in het bijzonder beeld-herkenning), maar er zijn ook andere toepassingen. We geven een formele afleiding (tevens correctheidsbewijs) van verschillende bekende algoritmen die dit probleem oplossen. Daarnaast introduceren we enige verbeteringen op sommige van deze algoritmen. 2 3 Preface This document is my Master's Thesis, written to complete my education in " Technische Informa-tica " (I thank Bruce Watson, for initially suggesting the topic of two-dimensional pattern matching and involving me in the FASTAR (Finite Automata Systems – Theoretical and Applied Research) group. I would also like to thank Gerard Zwaan, for his reviews of countless draft versions of this thesis and offering many corrections and suggestions to improve this document greatly. I thank Loek Cleophas for his reviews of several early versions of this dcument, as well as some pointers to relevant articles. Many thanks go to my good friend Remi Bosman, for all the brainstorming and his reviews of this document's near-final drafts. I thank LaQuSo (the Laboratory for Quality Software at the TU/e), for providing me with a workspace for many months. Finally, I would like to thank my friends and family, particularly my parents, for all their support during the time of this research.


Solvent extraction studies have been carried out on the system Cu/Htta/topo (Htta = thenoyltrifluoroacetone; topo = tri-n-octylphosphine oxide) with benzene as the organic phase. Using 64Cu as a tracer, equilibrium constants have been evaluated and compared with data obtained from the back-extraction of the labelled ternary complex 64Cu(tta)2(topo). The solubilities of binary and secondary complexes that are involved in synergistic extraction have also been measured.


This essay examines the limits of Jane Eyre's 'parrhesia,' truth-telling or the courage of truth. Charlotte Bronte's Jane Eyre has been regarded as a novel of a feminist critique against patriarchal discourses restricting women into the boundary of household where they should serve as care-givers of affection for their children and their husband. The Foucauldian notion of 'parrhesia' emphasizes the individual's efforts to practise ethical self-governance. In accordance with the parrhesiates' self-adjustment, Jane in the novel seems to express her voice of truth courageously against male figures' dominant discourses of subordination and obedience. However, Jane unconsciously entraps herself into the mid-Victorian ideologies of political economy, domesticity, and Christian religion when she extols the fulfillment of her fantasized self-image supported by wealth and the hegemony of class consciousness.


Social and domestic background of the short novel "Stroybat" (Construction Battalion) today is archaic, but the problems of betrayal, the preservation of culture in a hostile environment, youthful irresponsibility remain up to date. The story representing retelling of events on behalf of the character, is richly intoned and intonation gives topical character to its main subjects. Sergey Kaledin builds his story at the intersection of many voice streams: through the detached comment of an "alien" character, combination of exalted and everyday speech, alien words, chronotop "cutins", playing with the rhythm and text density. The art world of the story is actively sated with the cultural and paracultural signs which today have become part of "the Soviet myth". In reader's perception they also don't contribute to dokumentalizm of "Stroybat", and on the contrary, promote his perception as parables about the good and evil. The system of the speech creates a feeling of convention of terrible details of stroybat as a social phenomenon and allows the reader to focus on the inner life of the character


A proteinase was purified from the culture filtrate of psychrophilic Escherichia freundii, by a combination of procedures, such as precipitation with ammonium sulfate, batchwise treatment with CM-cellulose, chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex and gel filtration on Sephadex G-100. The final enzyme preparation was homogeneous with respect to sedimentation in the ultracentrifuge, acrylamide-gel electrophoresis and immunodiffusion. The enzyme was an alkaline proteinase with the optimum pH at 10.0. The optimum temperature was 25°C at pH 10.0. The proteinase of psychrophilic E. freundii was fairly thermolabile. The purified enzyme was inhibited by metal-chelating agents but not by diisopropylphosphofluoridate and p-chloromercuribenzoate.

The molecular weight of the proteinase was estimated to be 45800 by sedimentation-equilibrium studies, 45000 by gel-filtration method and 51000 by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecylsulfate. The calculation of minimum molecular weight on the basis of zinc content yielded a value near 45400 which indicated the presence of 1 g-atom zinc per mol enzyme. The proteinase had a sedimentation coefficient of 4.12 S, a diffusion coefficient of 77.4 μm2/s, a partial specific volume of 0.718 ml/g, an isoelectric point of pH 5.2, A1%1cm at 280 nm of 12.45, and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.048 dl/g. The amino-acid composition indicated 429 residues per molecule and the absence of sulfhydryl groups and disulfide bridges. The NH2- terminal amino acid of the enzyme was shown to be glycine.

The extracellular Escherichia proteinase has been found to be a zinc-containing alkaline metallo-proteinase.


Knowledge is essential to preserve timber roof structures for their historical and architectural value, since it allows to fully understand their cultural significance and actual structural behavior, thus planning specific strengthening interventions. This paper presents the case study of Palazzo Costabili in Ferrara, Italy, to propose a method to plan architectural strengthening intervention on historical timber roof structures based on a detailed knowledge of the structures' features and state. The palace object of this study is characterized by historical timber structures, an expression of traditional local building techniques, which were partially damaged in the 2012 earthquake. Therefore, an in-depth and careful study of the structure was carried out to identify specific parts that needed to be reinforced. A strengthening of the roof structure was thus designed considering the performances of the timber components and their historical-cultural value. More specifically, the timber roof was first assessed to identify the main wood species, the constructive types, and their related vulnerabilities. At the same time, the parts that showed consistent signs of structural stress were later evaluated by specialists using visual and instrumental analysis. Finally, data collected were critically analyzed to better plan the strengthening intervention, considering both the stress state of the single components and their specific weaknesses, in full compliance with preservation criteria and needs.


Summary form only given. Basic notions are presented for the design of time-driven systems and a framework to formulate the design problems for such systems. In these systems time plays the fundamental role and all actions are assigned a time when they must take place. The resources are managed by assigning the requires resources to an activity for an appropriate period of time. Such assignment requires the knowledge of the activity profile of all the activities in the system. A time-driven system called MARUTI is currently being built, and design details are presented along with lessons learned.<<ETX>>


sota, 1996), explores the monster as an expression of cultural anxiety. Syracuse University Press has announced the imminent reprint of John Block Friedman's seminal Monstrous Races in Medieval Art and Thought (Harvard, 1981), which delves into medieval European fascination with monsters thought to inhabit the fringes of the world. Williams synthesizes Monster Theory's theoretical approach and Friedman's cultural emphasis. If one were to wish for more from Deformed Discourse, however, it would be in the treatment of the illustrations. Williams includes ninety black-and-white pictures to illustrate his discussion, but because the illustrations are printed on matte cream paper, in many cases it is difficult to see their details. The text does not evenly explicate the illustrations either, so a reader can easily miss subtle nuances within the pictures. Yet, if one does not demand an iconographic study, Deformed Discourse offers a refreshing look at the idea of the monster, a look informed by careful examination of medieval evidence and contemporary theory.


A new type of filling bulkhead has been applied in a gold mine, by which the continuous mining in the stope is realizing, and lower dilution, higher recovery and cutting down of the cost of filling are also realized.


Abstract Mass and stiffness matrices are obtained for a general-triangle element and for a right-angled-triangle element. Both bending and in-plane actions are considered, although no coupling is assumed, and the matrices relating to bending actions are obtained independently of those relating to in-plane actions. Coupling is introduced, unless all the elements lie in a single plane, when the transformation from local to global co-ordinates is made. In deriving the stiffness matrices assumptions have been made about the form of the stress components within, and on the boundaries of, the element, together with assumptions about the form of the displacement components on the boundary of the element only. The commonly made assumptions in the derivation of stiffness matrices relate to the form of the displacement components not only on the boundary but throughout the element. In order to derive satisfactory mass matrices it is necessary to assume the form of the displacement components throughout the element. For the right-angled-triangle mass matrices these displacement components have been assumed independently of the assumed boundary displacements needed for the stiffness matrix. For the general-triangle mass matrix, however, the displacements throughout the element have been made consistent with the boundary displacements which were needed for the stiffness matrix. Numerical results are given for the first few natural frequencies of a square simply supported slab and a square encastré slab. Comparison with accepted values shows that the finite-element values are accurate, and convergent as the element size is reduced. For the same number of elements it is indicated that general triangles give a more accurate solution than right-angled triangles, probably because of the more satisfactory derivation of the mass matrix for the general triangle. This advantage is offset, however, by the greater computation time required by general triangles. Calculated and experimental frequency values are also given for a single-curvature arch dam of constant thickness. Mode shapes are not given in any of the numerical solutions although they are produced as an integral part of the computer programme.


The notes in this paper deal only with certain species of the genus Zonurus, but the distributional records of all South African species are given. A key to the species is also provided.


Sea surface height (SSH) along the west coast of Australia is key to local climate and is strongly forced by remote surface wind variability related to El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the tropical Pacific Ocean. This study provides a method to predict interannual variability in SSH along the west coast of Australia using a simple 1.5‐layer dynamical ocean model forced by a statistical atmospheric model for ENSO‐related winds. The model has realistic coastlines and is driven by reanalysis surface winds regressed onto an ENSO index. The model when run in hindcast mode to predict past variability can simulate tide gauge observations at Fremantle along the west coast of Australia up to 13 months in advance, which outperforms persistence. We conclude that this methodology can be useful as a baseline for gauging the performance of more sophisticated forecast models for predicting SSH variations along the west coast of Australia.


A car-crash encounter with Euripides' Trojan Women CHARACTERS: The Trojans: Actor 1: HECUBA. Queen of Trojans, widow of Priam. Actor 2: POLLY X. Hecuba's youngest daughter, age 15. Actor 3: CASSANDRA. Hecuba's prescient daughter. Late teens. Actor 4: ANDROMACHE. Hecuba's daughter-in-law, Hector's widow. Early 30s. Actor 5: CLEA, Woman in the camp and CHORUS. Age can be flexible. Actor 6: ESME, Woman in the camp and CHORUS. Age can be flexible The Others: Actor 7: HELEN. The face that launched, etc. Ageless. Actor 8: LOTTE. An English tourist and doll repair expert. Age 35-50. Actor 9: MICA. Camp guard; also assigned to local spin. 30s. Actor 10: JORGE. Soldier from the conquering army. 20s. Latino. MENELAUS. Helen's slighted husband; led the army that destroyed Troy. CLIVE. Lotte's fantasy partner (actually a waiter). Ageless and perfect. OFFICER IN BLUE. Deus Ex Machina from the conquering army. Actor 11: TALTHYBIUS. Diplomatic African gentleman; messenger from the conquering army. MAX. Soldier from the conquering army. 20s. African American. TIME: The past, folded uneasily into the present. PLACE: Mythic Troy; modern Troy; and Lotte's doll hospital in England. SETTING: The camp is a barren space, fenced in the contemporary style of Gaza and Fallujah, with cyclone wire. Behind the open-air camp space is a scrim (tent wall) through which silhouettes are visible. Above the camp are other spaces: a space of the gods where Polly X creates her sculpture and Cassandra also appears as a vision. Lotte's tourist space is also high above the camp, suggesting the top layer of an archaeological dig-the ancient camp is at the bottom (buried by layers of time). Note on Lotte: My character Lotte is a love poem to Botho Strauss' Lotte, the central character in his play Big and Little (Scenes.) NOTE ON PUNCTUATION: A slash ( / ) indicates the interruption point in a line by the following speaker. NOTE ON MUSIC: The lines Cassandra sings ("I'm getting married in the morning / Ding dong the bells are going to chime" and "Girls, come and kiss me / Say how you'll miss me") cite the song Get Me To The Church On Time (music by Frederick Loewe; lyrics by Alan Jay Lerner) from the musical My Fair Lady (1956). This Play is for Ciella Lee Williams, who first imagined the Barbie sculpture that Polly X creates in this play. A love poem from the past to your future. I Lights up on Lotte, upstage and above The Lower World, which is in darkness. We are in Lotte's doll hospital workshop. Beside her are shelves of doll parts and broken dolls in various stages of repair-some are contemporary; others are older porcelain models. One shelf has a series of these older dollsd sitting in a row, looking a little like the bodies from war photographs. Some stare out from empty eye sockets. Others are missing limbs, heads, hair. Lotte is tidying up, getting ready for her trip away. LOTTE: Horse hair. Acrylic hair. Sandpaper. Latex. Legs. Ball sockets. Eyelash glue. . . Damnit, I've run out of eyes again. Better reorder before I leave. (To an eyeless doll) Sorry. (Checking travel wallet) Now, what mustn't I forget. . . Passport. Imodium. Aspirin. Cell phone charger!!! Emergency numbers-(Turns to glossy brochure) "Claude's Cultural Tours for Singles-A Great Way to Meet People!"-People are nicer on holiday. (Lotte shuffles through her brochure.) "Romance in Rome". . . no. . . "Catalan Cuisine". . . same old, same old. . . Here we are-"Tragedy in Troy!" (Reads from brochure) "Troy is rich in history. The city has been razed and rebuilt nine times, each time resurrecting itself over the buried bones of its previous lives and deaths." Mmm, that sounds cheerful. . .-Oh, cut it out, Lotte. You need to get more involved in life. …


Urtica diolca L. and U. urens L. (Urticaceae) have been known for a long time as medicinal plants (1), but their chemical composition was recognized largely very recently (2—7). To check for the presence of the three acids — caffeoylmalic, 1 -[(caffeoyloxy)(carboxy)methoxy]-1H-pyrrole-2 ,3,5-tricarboxylic, and 1H-pyrrole-2 ,3-dicarboxylic acids — found in another Urticaceous plant —Parietaria officinalis L. (8), from the dried leaves and flowers of U. dioica (68 g, with female flowers only) and U urens (5 g) (collected in Plewiska — July 1987 and Osowa Góra — May 1987, respectively, near Poznañ, Poland; voucher specimens are deposited at the author's Department), fractions of the acids were obtained by a method similar to that of Strack et al. (9). Their analysis [1Dand 2D-TLC on cellulose F 254 (Merck) in: (a) 5% aqueous AcOH, (b) BAW (6: 1: 2), (c) CAW (90 : 45 : 6), (d) CAW (30: 20: 3)] revealed the occurrence of only caffeoylmalic acid in U dioica; but the two species were found to contain trans-5-caffeoylquinic acid (= chlorogenic acid; the new IUPAC nomenclature is used). The éompounds were isolated by PC in (b) and TLC in (c, d) (from U dioica) or Sephadex LH-20 CC with MeOH (from U urens), and their identity confirmed by direct 1Hand 13CNMR (8, 10—12) and TLC comparisons with authenthic samples.


Background. Dodonaea angustifolia is a known medicinal plant across East Arica. The flower of D. angustifolia is not well investigated in terms of phytochemistry and biological activities. This study aims to investigate the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids in the flower of D. angustifolia and its antioxidant activity. Methods. Preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out using the standard protocols. Antioxidant activity evaluation using DPPH assay and total phenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) determinations in the flower extract were compared with the values of the leaf extract. UHPLC-DAD analysis was managed to develop the profile of the flower extract. Prediction of biological activity spectra for substances (PASS) was done using an online server for antioxidant and related activities. Results. Preliminary phytochemical screening and TPC and TFC values confirmed the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids. From the HPLC analysis of flavonoids, quercetin, myricetin, rutin, and phenolic acids such as chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, and syringic acid were detected and quantified. The biological activity spectrum was predicted for the detected and quantified polyphenols. Conclusions. D. angustifolia flower is a rich source of flavonoids and phenolic acids, which are extractable and can be checked for further biological activity. It was possible to identify and quantify phenolic compounds through HPLC analysis in the methanol extract of D. angustifolia flower. The PASS biological activity prediction results showed that there were stronger antioxidant activities for the identified flavonoids. Future work will emphasize the isolation and characterization of active principles responsible for bioactivity.


This book chapter shows how the early Heidegger's philosophy around the period of Being and Time can address some central questions of contemporary social ontology. After sketching "non-summative constructionism", which is arguably the generic framework that underlies all forms of contemporary analytic social ontology, I lay out early Heidegger's conception of human social reality in terms of an extended argument. The Heidegger that shows up in light of this treatment is an acute phenomenologist of human social existence who emphasizes our engagement in norm-governed practices as the basis of social reality. I then defuse a common and understandable set of objections against invoking the early Heidegger as someone who can make any positive contribution to our understanding of social reality. Lastly, I explore the extent to which the early Heidegger's philosophy provides insights regarding phenomena of collective intentionality by showing how the intelligibility of such phenomena traces back to individual agents' common understanding of possible ways of understanding things and acting with one another. With the early Heidegger, I argue that this common understanding is the fundamental source and basis of collective intentionality, not the non-summativist constructionism on which contemporary analytic social ontology has sought to focus with much effort. The lesson about social ontology that we should learn from the early Heidegger is that there is a tight connection between the social constitution of the human individual and his or her capacity to perform actions or activities that instantiate collective intentionality.