Urban infrastructure systems play essential roles in the smooth functioning of modern society but are also threatened by seismic hazards in the earthquake‐prone areas. Retrofitting critical components of those systems has been considered as the most frequently used mitigation strategy in both the literature and practice. The seismic retrofit budget is usually limited, then it needs to identify a set of critical components to be retrofitted, which is generally formulated as a seismic retrofit optimization problem. This article proposes a multi‐perspective modeling and solution framework for the seismic retrofit optimization of urban infrastructure systems, which allows choosing different performance measures including vulnerability, resilience loss and economic loss as the objective function. The proposed framework can be used to explore how different performance measures and the infrastructure interdependencies affect the seismic retrofit decision. Taking the interdependent Shelby power and gas systems as an example, results show that if considering single systems, the optimal economic loss‐based performance improvement ratio (PIR) is larger than the best resilience loss‐based PIR, which is larger than the vulnerability‐based PIR; if considering interdependent systems, the interdependency intensity is indeed a key factor affecting the retrofit decision.


Nd3Cu4Sn4, Nd3Ag4Sn4, and Ho3Cu4Sn4 have been studied using S119n Mossbauer spectroscopy. Contrary to recent neutron diffraction data, Nd3Cu4Sn4 shows a clear magnetic signal at 1.6 K and has an ordering temperature of 2.0(1) K. Nd3Ag4Sn4 orders at 4.8(1) K, in agreement with neutron diffraction measurements. We observe the ordering of the Ho 2d sublattice in Ho3Cu4Sn4 at 8.2(1) K but we also see some residual magnetic splitting up to 10.5(2) K, which was not previously detected by neutron scattering.


Background/Aims: Urea breath test (UBT), the noninvasive test for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection, was developed in 1987 and had advanced in accuracy and convenience by improvement of analytic device, or urea regimen, expiration sampling protocol and test meal. However, conventional UBT using 75 mg or 100mg of -urea is expensive and time consuming. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of UBT using capsulated 38 mg low dose -urea () developed by Medichems Co., Ltd. Methods: A total of one hundred forty seven volunteers were enrolled and examined at Catholic University, Korea University, and Soon Chun Hyang University hospital. UBT was performed using 38 mg urea capsule and compared with the gold standard methods (rapid urease test and histology). Baseline and 20 min breath samples were collected. We used 2.0 as the cut-off value suggested by the manufacturer. Results: Of the 147 subjects, 142 cases were available for analysis. The sensitivity and specificity of UBT using the 38 mg urea capsule at 20 min were 98.7% and 100% respectively. Conclusions: A 20 min, 38 mg capsule based 13C urea breath test protocol is more efficient, cost effective, and convenient than conventional protocol.


In recent years, the measurement of crowd density in a real-time video sequence has been a significant field of study. The use of these methods to stop protest scrambling, and social distancing to protect from COVID-19 is a crucial task nowadays. In this article, we introduce a different model for estimating crowd density based on front and vertical drone video sequences. Our proposition consists of an optimized version of a widely used crowd counting model called "CSRNET". The proposed "SOFT CSRNET" is composed of two parts: a CNN front-end and CNN back-end. The front-end is composed of VGG16 layers constructed in the same way as CSRNet. On the other hand, in the back-end we select five convolutional layers of different size in the aim to get better results in less time. The results demonstrate that our method outperforms CSRNET in terms of MAE, image par second (ips) and proof of efficiency for a real-time videos sequence of drones. Our results are validated, executing the proposed method on Visdrone2019-DET and Visdrone2020-DET datasets.


Moving object detection in video streams is the first step of many computer vision applications. Background modeling and subtraction for moving detection is the most common technique for detecting, while how to detect moving objects correctly is still a challenge. Some methods initialize the background model at each pixel in the first N frames. However, it cannot perform well in dynamic background scenes since the background model only contains temporal features. Herein, a novel pixelwise and nonparametric moving object detection method is proposed, which contains both spatial and temporal features. The proposed method can accurately detect the dynamic background. Additionally, several new mechanisms are also proposed to maintain and update the background model. The experimental results based on image sequences in public datasets show that the proposed method provides the robustness and effectiveness in dynamic background scenes compared with the existing methods.


Helen Olive Boulden, Class of 1902. Ms. Boulden earned her degree from the College for Women of Western Reserve University in 1902.


Oral contraceptives, otherwise known as "the pill," do indeed have some hard to swallow potential side effects, though some find there to be desirable side effects, too. Both the combination pill and minipill [2] come with possible side effects; however, you and your roommate might be relieved to hear that the side effects are generally minor and may decrease with time. There are also quite a few positives from taking the pill, but encouraging your roommate to reach out to a health care provider to further investigate these potential side effects may be wise, particularly if they don't decrease over time.


Progress on the delivery of android-based information has many advantages, especially because it can reduce many things that are not necessary or can be said to have an impact on efficiency in many ways. However, along with negative aspects also occur, such as crime, which includes theft, fraud and extortion.
By using the Solitaire Cipher Algorithm which is a classic cryptographic algorithm, which uses playing cards as intermediaries. This type of algorithm uses the order of playing cards as keys that will be securely given to the recipient of the ciphertext. Whereas to do the encryption and decryption process of this solitaire algorithm, the order of cards is changed in certain order and rules.
The design of this application also facilitates the process of securing text so that it is not easily read by others so that the authenticity of the data is maintained. It is an effort to safeguard information from those who are not entitled to access or in other words a confidential information that may not be accessed by others and may only be accessed by those who are granted access..


This working monograph (about 120,000 words) analyzes the relationship between public international organizations such as the United Nations system and international non-governmental organizations under conditions of globalization. It argues that international organizations and international NGOs are locked in an embrace of mutual legitimation, each giving the other important political legitimacy, in favor of liberal internationalism and at the expense of democratic sovereignty. The monograph argues that the legitimacy that each gives the other is based on flawed assumptions about the nature of civil society and "international civil society," on the one hand, and global governance and the possibilities of international, global democracy, on the other. It concludes by calling for a strengthening of democratic sovereignty as against liberal internationalism. This working draft was never carried forward to completion and publication; instead, several parts were produced as separate articles. However, the author has received requests for it as a working document, so it is being posted to SSRN. (This is a marked up, working copy pdf, as the original word-processing document was corrupted.)


1. We provide a detailed derivation of the z-update step (Equations (9)-(11)). 2. We report the deblurring results for the individual images over the NCSR dataset (corresponding to Table 2). 3. We report the inpainting results for the individual images over the NCSR dataset (corresponding to Table 5). 4. We report the deblurring results obtained with RED-WNNM and with our method using a single scale and using multiple scales, for the individual images over the Set 5 dataset (corresponding to Table 6). 5. We show additional visual results from the deblurring experiments on the BSD datasets. 1. Derivation of the z update step Retaining only the terms that depend on z in (6), leads to the optimization problem min z μ1 2 ‖z − x‖ + μ2 2 ∑ i∈Ω ‖Zi −Ri{z}‖F. (S1) Note the jth column ofRi{z} is given by RNj i z. Now, since the square Frobenius norm of a matrix equals the sum of square Euclidean norms of its columns, (S1) can be equivalently written as


Multi-echelon inventory control is the core issue in supply chain.
Firstly, we summarize the current research status of multi-echelon inventory
control by using Citispace which is the scientific knowledge map visualization
analysis software. Second, two strategies of multi-echelon inventory
optimization and control are analyzed. Then, multi-echelon inventory control
problem is divided into three strategies, namely multi-echelon multi-node
inventory control strategy, multi-echelon single-node inventory control
strategy, and transshipment-based multi-echelon multi-node inventory control
strategy, and comparative analysis. Finally, we point out future development
trend.


—Clustering remains an important and challenging task of grouping samples into clusters without manual annotations. Recent works have achieved excellent results on small datasets by performing clustering on feature representations learned from self-supervised learning. However, for datasets with a large number of clusters, such as ImageNet, current methods still can not achieve high clustering performance. In this paper, we propose Contrastive Learning-based Clustering (CLC), which uses contrastive learning to directly learn cluster assignment. We decompose the representation into two parts: one encodes the categorical information under an equipartition constraint, and the other captures the instance-wise factors. We propose a contrastive loss using both parts of the representation. We theoretically analyze the proposed contrastive loss and reveal that CLC sets different weights for the negative samples while learning cluster assignments. Further gradient analysis shows that the larger weights tend to focus more on the hard negative samples. Therefore, the proposed loss has high expressiveness that enables us to efficiently learn cluster assignments. Experimental evaluation shows that CLC achieves overall state-of-the-art or highly competitive clustering performance on multiple benchmark datasets. In particular, we achieve 53.4% accuracy on the full ImageNet dataset and outperform existing methods by large margins (+ 10.2%).


The growth of globalization of the world economy leads to the establishment of new trade requirements and economic preconditions that must be addressed by national metrological infrastructures. The main objective of the activity of metrological infrastructures at the national level is to achieve an acceptable level of satisfaction of the requirements of industry and science. Modern metrology is characterized by a high degree of international and regional coordination and close cooperation of all countries on a global scale, especially with regard to ensuring the equivalence of national standards from different countries. Confirmation of equivalence of national standards with the standards of other countries is carried out under the procedures set at an international level within the framework of multilateral "Mutual recognition of national measurement standards and of calibration and measurement certificates issued by national metrology institutes of CIPM" (hereinafter – the CIPM MRA) [1]. International comparisons of standards are conducted under the aegis of the Consultative Committees (CC) of the International Committee of Weights and Measures (CIPM) [2] or by regional metrology organizations (RMO) [3]. The metrological traceability is the property of a measurement result whereby the result can be related to a reference through a documented unbroken chain of calibrations, each contributing to the measurement uncertainty, in accordance with the International vocabulary of metrology (VIM) [4]. The practical application of the concept of metrological traceability allows comparing the accuracy of measurement according to the standardized procedure of estimation of measurement uncertainty [5]. The measurement uncertainty is determined as an inalienable parameter that characterizes dispersion of quantitative values that can be ascribed to the measurand on the basis of the information used, in accordance with the VIM. The basis for the evaluation of measurement uncertainty at an international level is the Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM) [6]. GUM is the basis for setting requirements of regional organizations for the evaluation of measurement uncertainty. Calibration and Measurement Capabilities (СМС) are the greatest level of calibrations and measurements that are guaranteed by national metrology institutes (NMIs) to the consumers of metrology services [7]. CMC contain a value of the expanded uncertainty of the results of measurements conducted by NMIs at a confidence level of 0.95 and characterize the quality of metrological services provided to the consumers on a permanent basis [8]. For providing the metrological traceability of measurements of the inductance in Ukraine, at the international level, it was necessary to carry out the corresponding comparison of standards within the framework of RMO – Euro-Asian cooperation of national metrological institutions (COOMET), of which Ukraine is a member. A SUPPORT OF METROLOGICAL TRACEABILITY OF INDUCTANCE MEASUREMENTS IN UKRAINE


Highway systems are deteriorating at a rapid rate due to increased traffic loads and severe climatic conditions. In order to keep these highways in good condition, maintenance and repair strategies must be based on the precise understanding of pavement conditions. Visual observations of pavement distress by trained engineers is the most common practice for monitoring and evaluating pavement surface conditions. Since pavement management needs are great, alternative methods of data collection and evaluation are needed to manage the data rapidly and accurately. In response to this need, the Japanese were among the first to develop high-speed photographic methods that successfully measure cracking and rutting. The Japanese were also successful in the development of field equipment for longitudinal profile surveys made with a three-laser sensor system. In a parallel effort, the development of an overall Road Surface (Pavement) Condition Evaluation System for Japan was begun in 1975. The application system was combined with the field hardware to form an integrated system of pavement performance modeling. In this paper, a typical application of the road surface condition survey and data reduction in Japan is discussed. An example of actual use of the high-speed photographic recorders for surface distress and the longitudinal profile measuring device with three laser sensors is presented.


It's a realistic need and inevitable choice in China to normalize business information supply behavior by uniform legislation. Information offered by the firms is of product nature, therefore, uniform legislation should be made on the basis on product nature of corporate information offered, which includes corporate information supply obligation, corporate responsibility of offering information illegally, supervision over corporate information supply behavior.


The tris(hydroxyl–carboxyl) chelated complex Al(lact)3(lact = lactate) dissolves in water to give stable acidic (pH ca. 3) solutions, in which free and metal-co-ordinated lactate ligands are detected by IR spectra in D2O. Proton NMR spectra (90 MHz) reveal that ligand exchange between metal-bonded and free lactate ligands occurs, also at +4 °C. The separate resonances due to metal-bonded and free lactate are clearly detected at 400 MHz. When the pH of an Al(lact)3 solution (analytical concentration 0.1 mol dm–3) is adjusted to 7.5 with NaOD the resulting 1H and 13C NMR spectra are very similar to those exhibited by a 0.3 mol dm–3 Na(lact) solution. The IR spectrum of the 0.1 mol dm–3 aluminium(III) solution displays two major bands at 1585 and 1420 cm–1 due to the unco-ordinated lactate ligands. A 0.1 mol dm–3 neutralised solution is (meta)stable for months and the whole of the data at pH 7.5 can be interpreted in terms of the release of most of the lactate from the co-ordination sphere of AlIII, with concomitant formation of metastable species including possibly [Al(OH)3(H2O)3].


Fire safety of building project is the foundation of fire prevention and control,and it is also the main content of establishing social fire wall project.Fire safety problems of building project are challenge to the authority of fire law,to the honest and social responsibility of relative corporations,and also to the execution ability and supervision force of fire department.Through the analysis of fire safety situation of building project in Hubei,features of quality defect in building project were uncovered,the causes of defect were analyzed,and the countermeasures to enhance the project's quality were put forward.


Describes the genesis of the National Library of Maladives. States the progressive changes, new developments of the National Library and some other libraries


OBJECTIVE To review approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with community-acquired infections. INTRODUCTION: Dramatic changes in the antibiotic susceptibility of pathogens commonly associated with community-acquired infections have occurred during the past decade. DISCUSSION: Changes in the antibiotic sensitivity profile of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis that have occurred over the past several years have required modifications in empiric antibiotic selections for infections due to these pathogens. The most profound changes have occurred with S. pneumoniae, which has shown significant resistance to β-lactams by means of alteration of one or more of the five important penicillin-binding proteins. Many of these organisms have become resistant to other classes of antibiotics; some are sensitive only to vancomycin. H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis have developed resistance primarily by production of β-lactamase. CONCLUSIONS The antibiotic selection process for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia relates to the site of infection and, in many cases, the in vitro sensitivity testing results or known patterns in a given geographic area.


This paper is devoted to definition of main stages of system analysis development and its application for develop process control systems isolate communication cables. The historical development of system ideas has been analysed and main stages of complex systems research using system analysis has been described. Conducted research shows that system analysis nucleation was an adequate reaction on the necessaty of complex systems creation, decision making under partial uncertainty, time and resource constraints.


The past twenty-five years have seen an explosion of interest in nationalism and nationality in the social sciences - the past ten also in cultural studies. These two disciplinary areas define their objects of study differently, but both have recently started to converge in the pervasive use of the term `national identity', which in turn relies on the term `cultural identity'. Although theoretical complications entailed by the use of `identity' as a concept have been noted, the theorization of identity as culture has occurred almost by default, with the term `culture' merely designating what needs to be explained, and the inherent circularity of `cultural identity' as a category remaining unaddressed. The two approaches differ in their understanding of the crucial categories of `culture' and `politics' in their accounts of nation and national identity. Cultural studies accounts focus on politics in terms of cultural politics, and thus fail to take on board important aspects of the social science accounts which they take as standard reference points. Both approaches ultimately rely upon `culture' as an all-inclusive category of social subjectivity, which remains undertheorized in both approaches, albeit in significantly contrasting ways. The place of culture in recent work on European identity functions differently, and provides a useful counterpoint to these difficulties.


Abstract Driver fatigue has become a problem that deserves more attention. Each year driver fatigue kills at least 1,500 Americans, and the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration estimates that as many as 100,000 police-reported crashes are the result of driver fatigue. Researchers have identified certain groups that are most at risk of driver fatigue. These groups are rotating shift workers, truck drivers, sleep-disordered persons, and young adults. Health education may help decrease these driver fatigue-related crashes in these groups through educational interventions.


The current study was carried out to find out the relationship between the Above-Ground Biomass and the spectral vegetative indices (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index, Difference Vegetation Index) (NDVI, SAVI, DVI) for soils with different salinity levels. Al Salamiyat Project was chosen as a study area located at an altitude of 34 m above sea level and within the geographical coordinates (E 44°.09´13.65´´ N 33°.25´ 07.87´´ and E 44°.17´ 46.03´´ N 33°.2l´40.72´´), with a total area of 14265 Dunum. Surface and subsurface soil samples were chosen from the study area and according to the previously defined salinity units, except for the salinity map that was updated based on the soil samples of the current study. After updating the salinity map of this project, 12 Pedons (two Pedon for each salinity unit) were excavated and morphologically described. Then, the soil samples were taken from each horizon to estimate the physical and chemical properties and biomass values for each site. The study showed that the soil salinity Ece in the study Pedon ranged from 1.1 dS/m in the C2 horizon for the twelfth Pedon to 41.6 dS/m in the upper Az horizon of the ninth Pedon. It also showed that there is a high correlation (r = 0.553) between the values of soil salinity and the biomass of plants growing in it, which confirms that the biomass was increasing with the increase in soil salinity. Furthermore, the (NDVI) showed a variation in the study area, ranging from 0.386 to 0.473, while the values of this index ranged from 0.1568 to 0.4093, as it was observed that there is a direct relationship between them (r = 0.643). The values of (SAVI) showed a difference between the studied Pedon sites, the values of this index ranged from 0.0581 to 0.7100, and it was also ranged from 0.1087 to 0.6213 for the same Pedon value. Whereas the values of the (DVI) index ranged between -0.0023 to 0.0942 and from 0.0197 to 0.0874 for the study Pedon, this index showed a highly significant relationship with the above-ground biomass (r = 0.825).


Aimed at the geologic structure, hydrogeologic and engineering geologic condition, mining technique condition of the coal mine caved area, a set of effective parameters about evaluation is put forward. Using the fuzzy mathematics comprehensive judgement, the method of evaluating the stability of caved area quantificationally is discussed in this paper. In this way, the stability of caved area is compartmentalized in several grades, so as to give the warranties for the layout and design above caved area.


Data on field performance of 132 bridge decks overlaid with latex mortar or concrete in Ohio, Michigan, Kentucky, and West Virginia, as well as some data from Minnesota and Vermont, were collected. Common durability distress features and the factors that might influence them were identified. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the set of variables that best explains the variation in the surface distress features among the different overlay projects investigated and to quantify the relationship between overlay condition and the pertinent variables through the formulation of regression models. Further assessment of available performance data was conducted to connect the obtained relationships with the limited data on effectiveness of latex overlays in providing corrosion protection to the deck rebars and to develop hypotheses on the formation and development of the durability deficiency features of latex overlays. The results obtained and the conclusions drawn explain, quantify and delineate the interrelationship among such factors as years of service, average daily traffic, trafficked versus untrafficked decks during placement, continuous versus simply supported decks, thickness of overlay, and skid number on the durability and corrosion-protection capability of the overlay. (FHWA)


We investigated the emergence in infancy of a preference to imitate individuals who display confidence over lack of confidence. Eighteen- and 24-montholds (N = 70) were presented with an experimenter who demonstrated the use of several objects accompanied by either nonverbal expressions of confidence or lack of confidence. At 24 months, infants were more likely to imitate the actions when demonstrated by a confident experimenter than by an unconfident experimenter; 18-month-olds showed no such preference. The experimenter then presented an additional imitation trial and a word-learning trial while displaying a neutral expression. Twenty-four-month-olds persisted in preferentially imitating a previously confident experimenter, but prior confidence had no effect on their word learning. These findings demonstrate a developmental increase in infants' use of confidence cues toward the end of the second year of life.


This study aims to analyze the influence of social intelligence and emotional intelligence of leaders on job satisfaction. This study uses a survey method with a quantitative descriptive approach. The location of the study was carried out at the Hospital Prof. Kandou, Manado. The population of this study were all employees at the hospital Prof. Kandou, Manado, with a sample of 150 employees in determining the sample used proportional random sampling technique. The data that has been netted with a questionnaire is then rated and tabulated for further analysis using multiple regression. The results showed that the variables of social intelligence and emotional intelligence had a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction.


The literature of discontent with legislatures in general and Congress in particular has reached immense proportions in recent years. While few will argue that the power of the twentiethcentury American Congress has declined in an absolute sense, most would agree that the position of Congress relative to that of the president has declined.' Congressional critics maintain that this shift in the balance of power is most apparent in the declining role of Congress as an initiator of legislation and as a force for innovation. This decline, generally regarded to have begun around the turn of the century and to have been subsequently accelerated by the New Deal, the Second World War, and, more recently, the technological revolution, they attribute to the fragmented institutional power of Congress. Critics and defenders alike tend to agree Congress is congenitally incapable of formulating and pushing through a coherent legislative program except under the most unusual cir-


The Reversible Hydrogen Electrode (RHE) potential depends on the pH and the H2 pressure which determines the disolved hydrogen concentration according to the Henry law. RHE was applied as hydrogen sensor for real time bacterial hydrogen production rate evaluation employing the photosynthetic Rodobacter Capsulatus strain IR3 in 10 ml reactor containing RCV medium. The reliable determination of the produced H2 volume for determination of the process rate requires big reactor volumes since the H2 production rate is small, measured in mL/hour and the precise measurements of small gas volumes is very complicated. The RHE potential monitoring however allows real time determination of the generated H2 and hence the process rate without consumption of great reagent amounts.


Abstract The polarized light from black hole Cygnus X-1 observed by integral satellite cannot fit well with current synchrotron radiation assumption. A new theory of Cherenkov radiation generated by Faster Than Light movement under gravity is established. The polarized light from black hole Cygnus X-1 can be well explained by the new theory. Thus, proved the gravitational lens is a real thing, the refractive index of space did increase with the gravity field, and light speed is changeable with gravitational potential energy. Possible experiments to double verify the theory on the earth is discussed. A new way to find more advanced alien civilizations in lower gravitational potential energy area is proposed.


The Bayer bauxite residue (red mud, RM) is environmentally hostile and hazardous to human health. Red mud can be viewed as an important and promising source of scandium, yttrium, zirconium and other elements rather than a solid waste. Due to a high content of iron in bauxites and especially in RM, the conversion of hematite into magnetite in Bayer liquor plays a key role in the exploration of a cleaner technology of alumina production. Thus, RM and raw bauxite were used for hydrothermal digestion in an original one-stage method of magnetite production during co-recovery of alumina. The yield of alumina reaches 80% from RM and more from bauxites during digestion with addition of lime and Fe(II) or Fe0. The saturation magnetization of a bulk sample of magnetized bauxite is 40.5 emu/g, two orders of magnitude higher than that of a raw red mud sample. Moreover, magnetite containing a residue has a high crystallinity, which contributes to better deposition and magnetic separation in the development of an overall flowsheet for RM utilization.


Ceramic filters have been widely is in the filtration and separation processes technology. Due to advantage of the ceramic properties, the ceramic filter can be used from water filtration, molten steel separation even to petrochemical filtration or separation applications. In this study, local silica is selected for the preparation of the fabrication of ceramic filter. It is also to study the suitability of the local silica as the alternative materials for the current alumina filter. Two selected formulation of silica with the characteristic particle sizes distribution and binders were formulated and mixed in a zblade mixer for 3h respectively. The mixer was extruded using the deairing pugmill. The extrudate was cut into 80mm x 15mm x 10mm and dried. Then, the samples were fired at 2Cmin-1 to maximum temperature from 1000C to 1300C and held for 30min before cooling. Sintered samples were characterized for the density, microstructures, porosity and flexural strength and the results are presented. http://journal.masshp.net/wp-content/uploads/Journal/2008/Jilid%201/A.%20Hamidi%2014-20.pdf REFERENCES [1]. History of the Doulton Ceramic Filter Candle, Doulton Water Filters / H2O International Inc. Product Catalogue, Copyright © 1997 H2O International Inc. [2]. G.J. Zhang et.al., (Jun 2001), J. Am Ceram. Soc., Vol. 84, 1395-97. [3]. S. Sokolov et.al., (Sep 2003) J. Am Ceram. Soc., Vol. 86, 1481-86. [4]. Z. Abdul Wahid, et.al., (2005) Proc. Advanced Processes and Systems in Manufacturing, 113-116. [5]. Vivek S.C., et.al., (Jan 2007) Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol.139, 103107. [6]. Tony Flynn, (Wed 19 Jan 2005) ANU Marketing & Communications, The Australian National University,. [7]. Reed, J.S. (1995). Principles of ceramic processing, Second edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York. [8]. Isobe, T., et.al., (2006) Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 26, 957– 960.


Herein, we detailed the distributions and distortions of residual stresses in amine-grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/binary resin composites under complex thermomechanical loadings suffered in practical processing or operation, by means of finite element simulation. First, distributions and distortions of residual stresses under coupled extensional–shear loadings were studied. Subsequently, thermal residual stresses were deducted from the thermal analysis, followed by a sequentially structural analysis. It is found that the heat flux has an influence on the magnitude of the thermal residual stresses, but it cannot alter the distribution of the thermal residual stresses. In order to render deep understanding of the microscale behavior in amine-grafted MWCNTs/binary resin composites under thermal loading, for exploring the nature of residual stress variation, the corresponding microscale model is expected to be developed using atomistic simulation, in which the microstructural features of amine-grafted MWCNTs and resin matrix are taken into consideration. The total energy, potential energy, and kinetic energy at different temperature were analyzed as well as the radial distribution function g(r). Weak van der Waals interaction between amine-grafted MWCNTs and resin matrix is indicated and the interactions between amine-grafted MWCNTs and resin matrix reduce and the mobility of chain segments of resin matrix increases with the decreasing temperature.


In this paper, changes in brain's causal connectivity due to the driving process have been studied using Partial Directed Coherence (PDC) and compared with the state of open eyes. The EEG samples collected from 20 subjects using 128-channel EGI setup have been used. PDC has been calculated between 12 electrodes dispersed over the skull according to the 10-20 standard in theta, alpha and beta bands and analyzed. Results show interesting distribution of brain connections between the anterior and the posterior regions during driving. The variation in causal connectivity due to driving is compared with the EO state in the three bands of theta, alpha, and beta and reported.


Spatial overlay is an important and basic operation of spatial analysis in GIS,and also a crux in object-relational spatial database management systems.This paper firstly analyzes the characteristics of current spatial data models and points out that data storage pattern is deeply associated with the design and implementation of spatial overlay methods.Secondly based on the popular object-relational data model,the large-scale vector dataset spatial overlay is discussed in detail.In order to improve the efficiency of spatial overlaying for large spatial dataset and meanwhile keep the advantages of object-oriented spatial data models,the authors set forward the idea of introducing topology structure into the object-relational data models,and then analyzed the technical problems of implementing the method in the vector data spatial overlay flow within the object-relational database framework.Finally a feasible spatial overlay method based on PostgreSQL DBMS is presented.


Large eddy simulations of homogeneous isotropic turbulence subjected to system rotation were performed using the truncated Navier-Stokes method. In the method the Navier-Stokes equations are solved through a sequence of direct numerical simulation runs and a periodic processing of small scales to provide the necessary dissipation. The method is evaluated by comparing simulation results with theoretical analysis, direct numerical simulations, as well as with other large eddy simulation results. Obtained results demonstrate several advantages of the method over traditional large eddy simulations models. The method captures important features of rotating turbulence: the energy decay is inhibited, the energy spectrum departs from the classical k−5/3 form, and initially isotropic turbulence becomes anisotropic. For increasing rotation rate three distinct regimes are observed. At low rotation rates, the influence of rotation is weak and flow behaves like for nonrotating cases. At intermediate rotation rates str...


Everything about Zola is lengthy: the 15 volumes of his Œuvres complètes (Cercle du livre précieux, 1966–70) are only one compendious example; his letters published to date (Montreal University Press, 1978–2010) fill 11 enormous tomes; Henri Mitterand's definitive biography (Fayard, 3 vols., 1999–2002) covers 3000 pages. And as for the secondary literature devoted to his work, the 10,000 items registered by 1980 seem like the mere preliminaries to the exponential increase in such studies over the last 40 years. It makes it all the more remarkable that Brian Nelson has successfully risen to the challenge of distilling the various dimensions of Zola's career and the sheer profusion of his writing into a set of introductory perspectives which explain why he remains one of the giants of nineteenth-century European culture. And Nelson argues that to limit his importance to that particular context is to ignore the extent to which 'Zola is the quintessential novelist of modernity' (p. 1), by virtue of the intensity of his focus on the dynamics of an emerging capitalist society. One of the key strands of Nelson's overview is the subversive nature of Zola's fiction, not least in the originality of novels bringing the reading public up close to subjects not hitherto considered aesthetically legitimate. If the parallels with the Impressionists are compelling in this respect, it is also true that contemporary painting 'had a profound influence on his art in terms of visual effects, compositional techniques, and choice of motifs' (p. 22). Nelson usefully offers a general summary of Zola's creative processes, underlining (and thereby addressing a popular misconception which cannot be corrected too often) the extent to which documentary validation is subordinate to imaginative elaboration. But, instead of an inevitably superficial synopsis of each of the Rougon-Macquart novels in turn, he has selected for closer attention some of the dominant themes of Le Ventre de Paris, L'Assommoir, Nana, Au Bonheur des Dames and Germinal, exemplifying what Nelson calls the 'poetry of fact' (p. 6). His chapter on the late work (Les Trois Villes and Les Quatre Évangiles) makes the point that these novel-cycles are inseparable from the 'ideological strains of the period' (p. 108), but is less likely to enthuse potential readers. Zola's involvement in the Dreyfus Affair, however, is seen as the 'logical' (p. 111) extension of his lifelong engagement in public affairs and the polemical thrust of both his early journalism and the fictional representation of his age. Within the constraints of this Oxford University Press series, and as an introduction to Zola's life and work, Nelson's little book cannot be faulted: it is grounded in a specialist's mastery of the field; it is completed by a reliable chronology; and its invitation to read further is supported by a bibliography listing major editions in French as well as critical studies in English which range from the accessible to the scholarly.


The various indices of local poplar PRC-APMP were test- ed and compared with those of imported BCTMP pulp. The results show that the local poplar PRC-APMP pulp has a slightly higher bulkness and better strength properties at close freeness when us- ing the same raw material.


This paper take the sight of complex adaptive system theory to analyze the evolution mechanism of construction project organizational capacity, based on the description of seven interaction mechanisms and the introduction of matching speed and matching time, we established a three-layer echo model in order to describe the evolution of construction project organizational capability system for the first time. Using the method of multi-agent modeling and simulation, operating Swarm software to carry out computer simulation research on the optimization process of the main resources of engineering projects, furthermore taking this as an example to illustrate the evolution of engineering projects organization capability system.


The theory of the technology in endoscope check is introduced. Digital image processing and an advanced method of histogram equalization are used in this paper. Characteristic parameters such as the length of the crack and the area of the bum, can be exactly detected to measure the faults of the aero engine.


We present a spectroscopic analysis of 7774 Å O i triplet abundances, 8498–8662 Å Ca ii triplet chromospheric activity, and rotation in the Pleiades open cluster, with the objective of thoroughly examining the O triplet overabundance trends observed in cool open cluster dwarfs, and to thereby make clear the cause of that trend. High-dispersion, contemporaneous spectra of the O i triplet, Ca ii triplet, and Hα spectral regions in 41 Pleiades dwarfs were acquired using Hydra on the WIYN 3.5 m telescope. Our Ca ii emission equivalent-width data exhibit a strong positive correlation with decreasing T eff, with the rapidly rotating stars enhanced by up to 50% above the slowly rotating stars. Our triplet [O/H] values exhibit a statistically significant positive correlation with total Ca ii triplet emission, and similarly, significant correlations have been found by every study to date that used contemporaneous O triplet abundance and chromospheric activity data, which is strong evidence that chromospheric activity is the cause of the observed overabundance trends. Based on the slowly rotating, low Ca ii emission stars in the near-solar range 5450 K < T eff < 6100 K, we find a cluster mean [O/H] = + 0.143 ± 0.061, consistent with the substantial super-solar [O/H] values exhibited by most young ( < 1 Gyr) open clusters. We also find a cluster mean [Fe/H] = + 0.029 ± 0.034, in excellent agreement with previous studies.


Abstract Astroblastoma is extremely rare brain tumor which mostly arise in cerebral hemisphere of children and young adult. Limited data exists on its clinical feature and molecular analysis. We recently experienced two female patients with astroblastoma in the cerebrum. Case 1 is three-year-old girl. She developed left hemiparesis. CT and MRI revealed large supratentorial mass with cystic component and calcification. Gross total removal was achieved. She is well without recurrence on MRI one year after surgery. Case 2 is 42-year-old lady. She developed partial seizure. CT and MRI revealed a mass with ring-enhancement in the left temporal lobe. Gross total removal was achieved under awake craniotomy. She is well without recurrence on MRI six months after surgery. Pathologic examination of both patients showed pseudorosette formation of tumor cells around vasculature. Molecular analysis revealed rearrangement of MN-1 in case 1 but not in case 2. Case 2 showed BRAF V600E mutation and loss of CDKN2A/2B. Both patients received no adjuvant therapy. Prognosis of astroblastoma varies and standard of treatment is not established. Gross total resection is associated with increased survival, but the role of adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy are controversial. Advances in molecular analysis will lead to establish molecular classification and risk-adapted treatment strategy.


The working conditions at the workplaces of foundry workers when working at melting and casting sites, production factors determining them are considered. The results of studies of the working conditions parameters of the considered professions of foundry workers in comparison with the standard values are given. It is established that in a comprehensive assessment of the working conditions of workers at the smelting and casting sites of foundries, it is necessary to take into account the duration of stay at the working equipment, the equipment and hand tools used, the type of alloy being smelted (steel, cast iron, non‑ferrous metals) and the nature of production.


Bacteria thought to be innocuous are a hazard to children whose immunologic capability is reduced by disease or by immunosuppressive therapy. Among bacteria responsible for severe infections is Staphylococcus epidermidis , a common surface inhabitant, ordinarily of no consequence to a healthy host. In the August issue of the American Journal of Diseases of Children (AJDC) , Louise Friedman and her colleagues at Memorial Sloan-Kettering and Cornell University Medical College in New York City detail the role of S epidermidis as a cause of septicemia among 92 children with leukemia. 1 They report that 12.7% of all septicemic episodes are caused by S epidermidis and explore the factors that have allowed this organism to become the fourth most frequent pathogen in their experience. The severity of S epidermidis septicemia is underscored by two deaths among the 19 patients affected. Primary care physicians are now responsible for the ongoing care of children who


A WIN-‐WIN TOOL FOR IMPROVING LOCAL PUBLIC HEALTH —A COMMENTARY Jonathan E. Fielding and Fred J. Zimmerman If you are a state or local public health official, you are faced with an almost limitless number of opportunities to improve the health of those within your jurisdiction. So how do you choose? A common initial step is to determine the overall health burden of different diseases or injuries. The next step, although much less obvious, is to determine the degree to which certain factors that contribute to the burden of ill health are preventable or reducible. We know this is tricky terrain because the addressable burdens will differ by location, socio-‐demographics of the population, the contribution of multiple risk factors to each condition, and the range of available strategies. Making the right choices is one of the major responsibilities for every public health leader. But what information is available to help us choose among multiple possible interventions and what health improvement can we expect from each? Having this critical data is also essential because it forms the basis for support from elected leaders, advocacy groups, community partners and the public. The most convincing data takes into account the specifics of your jurisdiction. For example, in your population, is the rate of cancer screening for breast, cervical and colon cancers an average of 40% or 75%? Is your teen smoking rate 6% or 25%? Based on many years of practical experience and consultation with practitioners and subject matter experts, we believe that the best decision support to answer these and other priority questions faced by state and local public health and community leaders is a model that incorporates the best evidence on the health-‐relevant impact of alternative programmatic and policy interventions, as well as the associated economics, both costs and benefits, in a specific geo-‐politically defined population. Our own effort to provide this information is a model we call "Win-‐Win" which we briefly describe as an illustrative example within this fast-‐growing field. With initial support from the deBeaumont Foundation and continuing support from them and from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, we developed the Win-‐Win model at the Center for Health Advancement in the UCLA Fielding School of Public Health. A national Advisory Group provided valuable advice, particularly on the real-‐world applicability of our analysis and presentation of results. Other high-‐quality models that overlap in methods and areas addressed include those developed by the Washington State Institute for Public Policy (http://www.wsipp.wa.gov/BenefitCost), Rethink Health (http://www.rethinkhealth.org/), and Community Health Advisor (http://www.communityhealthadvisor.org/). Each of these deserves the attention of organizations interested in seeing and comparing alternative approaches to public health issues. In developing Win-‐Win, we took a broad approach, cognizant that the most consequential determinants of health are aspects of our social, economic and physical environments. Therefore, it was important to identify opportunities for public health to collaborate with other sectors, such as education, criminal justice, the natural and built environments and


Adsorption of H2O on H-ZSM-5 was studied by FT-IR in the presence of gaseous H2O in the temperature range between 293 and 423 K. Conversion of monomeric hydrogen-bonded H2O to dimeric species was clearly observed in IR spectra measured at 373 K by increasing the equilibrium pressure of H2O. Polymeric water was also formed by further increase of H2O pressure at the expenses of dimeric species. The frequencies and the relative intensities of IR bands due to dimeric species agree with the quantum-chemical results for H5O2+ species.


Summary Nicotinic acid and related compounds (0.1 to 5 mg per ml) have no significant effect on conversion of mevalonic acid to non-saponifiable material by rat liver homogenates. The incorporation of acetate into non-saponifiable material (largely cholesterol) decreases with increasing amounts of nicotinic acid. At 1 mg per ml of nicotinic acid a 34% average decrease in biosynthesis was observed. The results suggest that the locus of the nicotinic acid effect may be somewhere between acetate and mevalonate.


The use of embryonic stem cells for medical research raises difficult ethical questions for many Christians. Robert Boomsma's article in the March 2004 issue of PSCF presents one popular perspective for justifying its use. This paper is a critical response to that view and attempts to show that there are sound reasons for opposition to embryonic stem cell research. The arguments presented are shown to be consistent with the Reformed Christian world view which recognizes the significant worth of the human being because of God's will. Human beings are to be respected and protected in their life and dignity at all stages in their development from conception to natural death for the reason that we are predestined by God for his purposes and also are created in his image. To allow such research that requires the destruction of human embryos, however noble the purpose may be, is to treat the human person as merely a means to serve ends unrelated to the well-being of the embryos in question. We argue that such actions would be disrespectful, which in essence, constitute a direct attack on human worth and dignity and therefore, on God's image and will.


Computed tomography (CT) has been widely used as an initial
imaging modality for assessment of intracranial lesions or ruling
out their presence...


In 2017-2019, studies were carried out in the Republic of Tatarstan to study the effect of fungicidal treatment on the yield and grain quality of new varieties of winter wheat. The experiment scheme provided for the study of the following options: variety (factor A) - Darina, Nadezhda, Universiade; fungicidal treatment with Titul Duo at a dose of 0.25 l / ha in the heading phase (factor B), years (factor C). The predecessor is pure steam. The soil in the experiment was gray forest, medium loamy. Content in the arable layer: humus (according to Tyurin) - 3.1-3.4%; pHsal. - 5.2-5.5; K2O (according to Kirsanov) - 122-145 mg / kg of soil, P2O5 (according to Kirsanov) - 262-271 mg / kg of soil. Plot area - 25 m2. The yield and quality of grain largely depend on the phytosanitary state of winter wheat crops, in particular, on the development of diseases. The prevalence and harmfulness of leaf-stem diseases in wheat largely depends on the temperature conditions during the growing season of the crop and on the moisture conditions. As a result of the development of diseases, there is a significant decrease not only in yield, but also a deterioration in the quality characteristics of wheat grain. The highest percentage of prevalence (85%) and intensity of development (45.7%) of powdery mildew was observed in the Universiade variety. Evaluation of plants showed a low lesion of the leaf surface by leaf rust: from 18.6% in the Nadezhda variety to 24.6% in the Universiade variety. The biological effectiveness of protective measures in winter wheat crops when treated with a fungicide has been calculated. On average for varieties for three years, the biological effectiveness of the use of the drug Title Duo was more than 90%. The fungicide treatment increased the yield on average for the studied varieties by 0.55 t / ha. The maximum increase in grain yield was obtained for the Universiade variety - 0.68 t / ha. Indicators of technological quality of grain with an average for varieties increased after treatment with fungicide sowing: weight of 1000 grains per 2.2 grams; grain nature by 5.4 g / l; glassiness by 2.6%; evenness by 1.4%; the wet gluten content is 1.6%. According to the results of analysis of variance, a significant influence of the conditions of the year on the indicators of the technological quality of grain was established: on the nature of the grain (56.8%), the total glassiness of the grain (51.43%), the mass of 1000 grains (51.4%) and the gluten deformation index (52.37%). To a lesser extent, environmental conditions influenced the evenness of the grain (22.0%) and the mass fraction of gluten in the grain (21.66%). At the same time, the contribution of the fungicide to the formation of indicators of the technological quality of grain varied from 7.69% (grain evenness) to 32.43% (gluten content). The grain nature by 14.99% was determined by the fungicidal treatment of crops and only by 10.61% depended on the genotype


The countermeasures of construction and management for the problems common in the seepage of residential engineering were proposed from the vision of guideline and standard for construction.


In recent years, 'sharing cities' has spread globally, starting in 2012 when Seoul declared its intent to pursue sharing economy strategies [...]


The present thesis deals with specific learning and behaviour disorders, their causes and symptoms. The theoretical part focuses on the different disorders in relation to the individual´s school failure.The concluding part of the work also deals with the education of the children suffering from these disorders, with their family position and upbringing. The practical part then presents a case study of an individual with a specific learning and behaviour disorder. The theoretical approaches in this field are thus tested. This part of the work also verifies the application of the theory in practice.


To better utilize the medical data in electronic medical records (EMR), this study aims to present an online adaptive method for disease prediction based on the medical data of clinical laboratory test (CLT) items stored in EMR. We firstly extract the diagnosis and CLT items information from the system, and then divide the CLT items into three categories to establish the patterns of CLT items, which are subsequently used for the selection of candidate diseases. A binary relevance approach based on logistic sparse group lasso method is finally used for disease prediction. Four groups of 21,288 patients with diagnosis of chronic hepatitis, hyperuricemia, hyperlipidemia and random diseases are used to test the performance of our method. Results show that the accuracy and recall for these four groups are all above 70%. As a primary attempt to practice intelligent healthcare, this model may have the potential values of computer-aided diagnosis. Further studies are suggested to combine CLT with other types of EMR data to further improve the prediction performance.


This paper shows the performance of standard ISDB-T, based on the signal generated by a laboratory transmitter and the signal generated by Ecuadorian state channel transmitter (ECTV), which propagates in the city of Quito and its surroundings. The channel power, operation modes and the modulation accuracy were analyzed.


This book was published by Carleton, New York, in 1864. It was created as an expose of slavery and its supporters. "Prepared for publication in 1857, Never published until the present time."


Participation in the web of communities requires a common language, a common technological structure and development of content that is relevant and captivating. This paper reports on a project that both conserves a rich regional cultural heritage and has structured the content developed during this conservation to be fluidly shared with both the domain and the broader communities. It also examines the varied degrees of acceptance within these communities.


Are provided in order to mitigate negative effects of hot carriers in a DC / DC converter with switched capacitors or eliminate devices and methods. Assemblies having a plurality of switches (S


Aims and objectives: The study was undertaken to estimate the availability of literature on PubMed-Medline by Indian orthodontists from 1990 to 2011 by using bibliometric analysis. Materials and methods: Articles available on PubMed-Medline database in time span of 1st January 1990 to 31st December 2011, where authors' affiliation had the words 'Dental' and 'India' were selected. The information collected were: Name of the journal, year of publication, specialty of first author, number of authors, reach of the journal, status of the journal, , state of origin, and type of article. From this data, the performance of specialty of orthodontic was analyzed. Results: Out of total of 242 articles, 189 got published in international journals and 53 in Indian journals. 50 (20.6%) were published in Journal of Clinical Orthodontics followed by 37(15.2%) in American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. 102 (42.1%) were original research done by authors. 91(37.6%) articles were from institutes in Karnataka, followed by Tamil Nadu (12.8%), Delhi (11.1%) and Maharashtra(9.5%). There seems to be boom in the publication trend since 2006. Conclusion: The results of this study could be used by various professional societies, individual scientists, scholarly institutions and funding organizations to frame essential policies regarding the improvement of the science of orthodontists and to the benefit of common Indians.


In this paper, a novel, GaN-based high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) using an ultra-thin barrier (UTB) with a local charge compensation trench (LCCT) is designed and optimized. Because the negative plasma-etching process, as well as the relaxing lattice during the process would introduce equivalent negative charges into the under-LCCT region, the electron will be partially squeezed out from this area. The electric field (E-field) around this region will therefore redistribute smoothly. Owing to this, the proposed LCCT-HEMT performs better in power applications. According to the simulation that is calibrated by the experimental data, the Baliga's figure of merits (BFOM) of LCCT-HEMT is around two times higher than that of the conventional UTB-HEMT, hinting at the promising potential of proposed HEMT.


A charge trapping memory with 2 nm silicon nanoparticles (Si NPs) is demonstrated. A zinc oxide (ZnO) active layer is deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD), preceded by Al2O3 which acts as the gate, blocking and tunneling oxide. Spin coating technique is used to deposit Si NPs across the sample between Al2O3 steps. The Si nanoparticle memory exhibits a threshold voltage (Vt) shift of 2.9 V at a negative programming voltage of –10 V indicating that holes are emitted from channel to charge trapping layer. The negligible measured Vt shift without the nanoparticles and the good re‐ tention of charges (>10 years) with Si NPs confirm that the Si NPs act as deep energy states within the bandgap of the Al2O3 layer. In order to determine the mechanism for hole emission, we study the effect of the electric field across the tunnel oxide on the magnitude and trend of the Vt shift. The Vt shift is only achieved at electric fields above 1 MV/cm. This high field indicates that tunneling is the main mechanism. More specifically, phonon‐assisted tunneling (PAT) dominates at electric fields between 1.2 MV/cm < E < 2.1 MV/cm, while Fowler–Nordheim tunneling leads at higher fields (E > 2.1 MV/cm). (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


This study explored the citation of pre-1960 literature in a body of contemporary accounting research. In a database of nearly 11,000 citations from 428 source articles, 117 pre-1960 accounting citations were identified. From the set of 413 nonhistorical articles, forty pre-1960 accounting citations were found. This study also examined the breadth of coverage of these citations and their distribution among journals. The results showed that many pre- 1960 accounting documents traditionally considered important were not cited. This result may be useful to accounting historians by helping them to identify early research traditions that are in danger of being forgotten by nonhistorians.


archaeological find of a medieval sword recovered from the riverbank deposits of the Voglajna near Bežigrad, northeast of Celje (Slovenia). The relatively well-preserved sword with a length of 95.2 cm and a mass of 765 g is part of the original collection of the Celje Regional Museum, to which it came before 1889. The shape and metric characteristics of the blade with a relatively wide fuller (Oakeshott's Type X or Geibig's Variant 5b) and the hilt with a short, straight crossguard and almond-shaped/lenticular pommel (Geibig's combination Type 16 / Var. I (16-15-9-12)) show it to be an early example of swords with pommels of Oakeshott's Type A, dating to the 11th or the first half of the 12th century. One side of the blade bears the remains of a 20 cm long sequence of inlaid iron marks, which remain indecipherable due to corrosion. The harmony of the parts seems to indicate a preserved original design, presumably produced by one of the sword workshops on the Middle Rhine. The findspot of the sword in the vicinity of Bežigrad, a topographically exposed and strategically important promon-tory near the intersection of the routes connecting Styria and Carniola, alerts to the possible existence of a military post that supplemented the control functions of the presumed early stronghold of the Margraves of the Savinja March on Zgornji (Stari) Grad in Celje. The find context of the sword places it in the predominant category of water finds, but the internal evidence (condition after conservation) of the weapon and the available data on the particular circumstances of the find do not provide sufficient support to explain the background of its sinking.


This article is a critical contribution to the essay written by the constitutionalist Owens Fiss about the immigrant as pariah. The foundation of these pages are about to try to reconsider the Fiss's thesis which stipulates that immigrants are outcasts only in the way that they have no social rights. The intention is try to demonstrate that the figure of immigrant as outcast arises also from the political exclusion, recognition absence in the public space, in other words: of the pariah´s non-affiliation to the community of equals.


Increasing the efficiency of water shut-off works is one of the important tasks for the sustainable well operation. The article discusses the use of various plugging compositions for water inflow into a well isolating, their advantages and disadvantages, conditions of use, and presents the results of a study of the proposed composition. The composition of an aqueous solution of polyaluminium chloride and a suspension of gypsum anhydrite is considered. The composition contains 45-55 mass percent of 15-25 percent aqueous solution of polyaluminium chloride and 45-55 mass percent suspension of gypsum anhydrite at a water-solid ratio of 0.9. The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of water inflow into the well isolating by obtaining a homogeneous, dense plugging mass formed by mixing the components of the composition and gaining maximum strength over time. Keywords: well; water cut; isolation; water inflow; plugging mass; bottomhole formation zone; oil production; polyaluminium chloride; anhydrite.


The disappearance of inflexion -es from the noun groups denoting quantity or measure (eine   Tasse Tees > eine Tasse Tee) is in the focus of the article. In the groups without distribution partitive genitive was dropped in the XVIII century already. However, the genitive remains in the groups extended by attributes. In contemporary German there are several syntactic types of such groups. Groups with attribution can be formed by means of the genitive case (ein Glas warmer Milch), prepositions (Hunderte von jungen Mädchen), cordination of both nouns in case (einen Becher heißen Tee) and attachment (mit einem Strauß schöne Blumen). A corpus of examples from the press of Switzerland is adduced in the article to demonstrate the dependence of syntactic construction on the semantics of nouns denoting quantity. All quantitative nouns have been divided into three groups: Squant 1 noun by the designation of the numbers (Paar, Dutzend, Hundert, Drittel …); Squant 2 + Ssg and Squant 2 + Spl noun c by the designation of a measure and quantity (Gramm, Liter, Pfund, Stück, Glas, Flasche…); Squant 3 the noun, designating totalities of the living beings and objects (Gruppe, Mannschaft, Herde, Schaar, Schwarm, Bukett, Strauß). The study has showed that not only has the genitive not disappeared from the analyzed groups but it also remains in certain cases a predominant form of subordination.


This paper develops a unified parallel processing speedup model, that integrates par allel processing models from pipelines within the CPU to clustered and distributed m ulti−computers. The different software/algorithm parallelism models are analyzed at eac h l vel of parallelism, as well as the hardware architecture developed to capitalize on the potential spe edup. By integrating the different levels of parallelism in a single unified model thr ough the use of encapsulation, researchers and designers are able to explore the state−space of possibilities and look for optimal performance returns with minimal hardware resources. Multipl e levels of parallelism represent subdivisions of a parallelism continuum where performance c be scaled by adding additional levels of parallel architecture when supported by the workload. The paper also presents and discusses a simulation model developed that impleme nts the unified speedup model. The simulation model is a Java applet posted to the web and ava ilable for experimentation. This work extends previous work that unified Amdahl's classic parallel speedup mode l, with process scaling and a new workload parallel model [7], additionally integra tin pipeline speedup, super−scalar speedup, and a new n−Tier client−server distributed mult i−computer parallel speedup.


During the past few years, a number of advances have been made in the fields of signal processing, artificial intelligence, and computer science which now permit us to extend timbre research in a number of ways heretofore difficult if not impossible. This paper reviews our current efforts to investigate the nature of timbre and timbre perception, especially in situations involving more than one isolated note.


The utility model relates to a mixed hot air water-removing machine, which comprises a heat insulation casing, wherein a rolling tube is arranged in the heat insulation casing, a heater is arranged in the heat insulation casing, a cavity is formed between the heat insulation casing and the rolling tube, the cavity is communicated with the heater, a plurality of hot air pipes are arranged in the cavity, and outlets of the hot air pipes are positioned in the rolling tube. The mixed hot air water-removing machine provided by the utility model has the advantages that through the heater in additional arrangement at the inside and through the matching with the hot air pipes, the sufficient utilization of heat of fuel is realized. Compared with the prior art, the mixed hot air water-removing machine has the advantages that the production yield is improved from 800 catties to 2000 catties by using the identical fuel, simultaneously, the heat utilization is sufficient, the processing efficiency is also improved, the water removing time is shortened, the production yield is improved from 800 catties per hour to 2000 catties per hour, in addition, the tea color maintains green because the heating time is shortened, and the product quality is improved.


The protection of the environment is an important topic in these days and is given a special attention at national and international level. The quality of the environment has effects that propagate at both economic and social levels, putting its mark on the state of health and lifestyle of present and future generations. The aim of the paper is to verify whether the implementation of environmental protection measures led to the improvement of the economic and social climate. The variables used are composite indicators developed for the three components of sustainable development, such as the Environmental Wellbeing, the Economic Wellbeing, and the Human Wellbeing. In order to capture more analytically the relationship between the environmental component and the other two components of sustainable development, in the paper are analysed also the indicators that compose the aggregate indices. The applied methods are cluster analysis and regression analysis. The analysis is performed at the level of the 28 EU countries, in 2008 compared to 2016. The result of the comparative analysis show that the quality of the environment is negative correlated with the economic and social climate, in 2008 and 2016. The aggregated indicators for economic and social components registered significant increases in 2016 compared to 2008 and the corresponding indicator for the economic component decreased. The econometric models identified have highlighted the importance of good governance and economic growth policies in implementing environmental policies.


The invention relates to a spirulina/chlorella beverage and a preparation method thereof. The spirulina/chlorella beverage is characterized by comprising the following substances in part by weight: 5 to 35 parts of powdery spirulina or chlorella (algae powder for short), 5 to 25 parts of liquorice, 5 to 20 parts of milk powder and 5 to 15 parts of citric acid. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the spirulina/chlorella beverage is a natural green beverage, food additives are not added into raw materials in the processing process, and the beverage does not have any fishy smell of algae absolutely, and has an aromatic smell and a long quality guarantee period. The product is rich in various nutrient substances beneficial for a human body, such as plant protein, multivitamin, carotene, linolenic acid and the like, and has the characteristics of fresh and mellow mouthfeel, effects of helping produce saliva, quenching thirst moistening lung, and resisting fatigue, and the like.


Abstract:Cicero's appeals to antiquity with the term mos maiorum, or simply maiores, in his orations enable the orator to appeal to his audience's emotions, and to highlight their collective identity and cultural heritage as the proper basis for the decision he advocates. His usage is not strongly correlated with any chronological or generic subset of the orations, as is shown by a simple statistical analysis of their distribution. It is better understood as a strategic response to the circumstances particular to each oration, in a less formal sense.


Two types of nut seeds, pistachio and almond, are used to study their chemical and physical properties as well as their saturated and unsaturated fatty acid content using Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrophotometry technique. According to the results, variant physicochemical proprieties of the oils in peroxide value are 5.7 and 7.3, respectively while acidity values are 0.1753 and 0.3756, respectively. These results are comparable to the quality of unsaturated fatty acids. In both of the studied samples, oleic acid is found to be the primary fatty acid followed by linoleic acid. Oleic acid in both samples is 60.72% and 58.19%, respectively while linoleic acid content reached 29.05% and 30.72%, respectively. Palmitic acid C: 16 as saturated fatty acid in the pistachio and almond samples is found to be 6.52% and 7.22%, respectively. In conclusion, pistachio and almond oils are rich in oleic acid that is considered a beneficial source of unsaturated fatty acids for human health.


PURPOSE: A coreless substrate and a manufacturing method thereof are provided to reduce a process time by using a carrier with a releasing layer and removing an etching process. CONSTITUTION: A build-up layer(130) comprises a build up circuit layer which has a build up insulating layer and a build up via. A first insulation layer(120) and a second insulation layer(140) are formed in the outermost layer of both sides of the build-up layer. A first field via-pad(152a) and a second field via-pad(152b) are respectively formed in the first insulation layer and the second insulation layer. The first field via-pad and the second field via-pad are buried to the same height as the surface of the second insulation layer and the first insulation layer. The first field via-pad and the second field via-pad are faced with each other.


This study includes the extraction of acid soluble collagen (Acetic acid 0.5 M) from fish Oriental sole skin . After the removal of fat and non-collagenous proteins and dialyzed against distilled water, some the chemical properties were studied, that includes chemical composition and the percentage of yield were 12.15 % on the basis of wet weight. According to the electrophoretic patterns, the collagen consisted of two different chains (α1 and α 2), were characterized to be type I, β chain components as well as the observed was larger molecular weight , When estimating amino acid collagen observed that there is variation in the percentage of amino acid major such as glycine , proline , hydroxyproline and hydroxy lysine, When measuring the absorption spectrum of ultraviolet (UV) there was a single peak absorption at 232 nm for collagen fish skin, FTIR showed regions of amides A, B, I, II and III were 3408.57, 2934.89, 1651.73, 1540.85 and 1243.38 cm-1 respectively.


Atrial fibrillation (AF) among patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Our primary aim was to evaluate patient‐centered outcomes and surrogate outcomes following catheter ablation (CA) of AF among patients with HFrEF compared to standard medical therapy with or without device therapy (atrioventricular node ablation and cardiac resynchronization therapy).


An electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) is a handheld device designed for inhalant delivery of nicotine through an aerosol, usually consisting of propylene glycol, nicotine, and flavorings(1). E-cigarettes have become popular as a potential alternative for smoking cessation(2). Recent reports described cases of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) caused by nickel resulting from the use of an electronic cigarette(3)(4). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Abstract The method of calculating the energy γSI of solid-liquid interfaces, based on the dependence of the melting point on the curvature of the interface, is shown to be erroneous even if the existence of γSI is accepted as real.


The invention relates to the technical field of washing agent processing, in particular to a preparation method of plant washing salt. Tea leaves, rice, cassia seeds, concha haliotidis, quartz sand, saponin, phospholipid, herba houttuyniae, Chinese wolfberry, honeysuckle, towel gourd, lotus leaves, basil, lemon slices and orange peels are taken as raw materials, and added with edible acetic acid, and fermentation is carried out after crushing and mixing, so that the pure natural plant washing salt is prepared. According to the invention, the used raw materials are natural plant raw materials, non-poisonous and harmless, contain natural decontamination components, have better decontamination capability, and are not required to be added with chemical surfactants; natural fragrance is provided by the honeysuckle, basil and lemon slices, and essence is not required to be added, so that real ecological environmental friendliness of the washing agent is guaranteed; besides, oil stains on the surface of tableware can be effectively cleaned, pesticide residues of vegetables and fruits can be removed, the sterilization and bacteriostasis effects are good, and the plant washing salt facilitates washing due to the low-foaming property, and is easily biodegradable; therefore, the plant washing salt is environment-friendly.


The invention discloses a tool setting device and a tool setting method for a micro lathe and belongs the technical field of mechanical automation. The device comprises a machine tool clamp plate, a tool rest, a tool, a guide rail, a first charge coupled device (CCD), a reflector, a first light source, a second CCD, a second light source and an outer computer. The method comprises the following steps of: calibrating pixels in the horizontal direction and pixels in the vertical direction respectively, and transmitting images containing actual distance information to the outer computer; monitoring and adjusting the tool to ensure that the tool approaches an end surface of a workpiece; displaying the distance between a tool nose and the rotary center of the end surface of the workpiece by a technology and software; manually adjusting the distance between the workpiece and the tool according to the obtained distances in the three directions, or controlling the relative motion of the tool and the workpiece by outputting corresponding signals through the computer so as to realize high-precision tool setting of the micro lathe. According to the device and the method, an image measurement technology is adopted, so that tool setting gaps can be automatically detected and can be measured in real time; and therefore, the tool setting difficulty is reduced, and the machining process can be well monitored.


We consider a class of duality countermeasure problems in which the participants are of different potentials.We obtain some sufficient and necessary conditions for each side to win the game if each side of the game participant does not commit any mistakes.We also give the optimal strategy for each side of the participants to follow in the process of the duality countermeasure game.At the end of this paper,we give some applications of the results obtained in this paper.


We report on the fabrication and testing of Si-based photonic crystal waveguides for use and integration with microfluidic and cell-based bioanalytical devices. Single-row, defect-mode waveguides were placed atop steep isolation ridges that provide in-plane and out-of-plane optical access, as well as deep channels that are well-suited for biofluid transport and interface to cellular and molecular systems. A 20 dB attenuation in optical transmission at 1540 nm was measured, confirming the existence of a near-IR optical bandgap.


The environmental issue becomes even more present every day in the face of human pressure on environmental resources. Thus, it becomes necessary to study the environmental perception, as a tool for environmental education, encouraging a discussion about environmental issues in an interdisciplinary manner. For this, we delivered 2 sheets of white paper, and requested the design of the current status of the dam and the dam would be like 10 years from now. Then, in the back of the sheet, give us feedback about the designs. Were observed, as the current situation, mind maps with landmarks associated with irrigation, domestic, tourist activities developed in the dam in bars and transport facilities, with the presence of animals without riparian vegetation, water and dark colored without infrastructure structure to meet the demand for visitation. Regarding the situation of the dam in ten years, we observed landmarks typically an environment in harmony with humans. There is a fresh water, fish, riparian vegetation and human figure united in favor of the environment. Moreover, note landmarks with profiles pessimistic, due to overuse of natural resources, the neglect and lack of awareness of the people, as possible causes of the unbalanced environment. So clearly the concern with the dam under study, both with their current situation as well as future situation, highlighting the need to adopt strategies for recovery and preservation of water resources.


The purpose of this study is to manufacture a patient-specific phantom containing multiple aneurysms that can be observed and tested to determine the need for interventional treatment. The vasculatures for the phantoms are taken from unhealthy individuals using rotational angiography as part of a stroke study. Different neurovascular sections exhibiting aneurysms from five patients were combined into a single Circle of Willis with 3D modeling software. Physicians and investigators can use this phantom to test treatment options, such as catheter interventions involving stents and coils.Copyright © 2014 by ASME


Mobile phones play a major role in people life today. Currently, mobile phones are no longer used only for voice communication but they are a convenient way of connecting to the Internet and for transferring data, exchanging e-mails, and doing small scale business transactions.
The aim of this study is to enable the public to find out the needed information about tenders in the public work department, through providing an alternative of a new
method in which the traditional way of gathering information about the tenders in Malaysian public work department can be expanded. The emergence and fast
growing of mobile Internet technology can assist in making this a reality. With the mobile application, information about tenders in the aforementioned department can
be accessed via a handheld of mobile devices just about anywhere and anytime as long as the service is available in that particular area. The study followed the phases
in the system development life cycle methodology for developing the system .For the purpose of developing the mobile tender, the study has mainly applied the
technology of Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) using wireless markup language (WML) as programming language.


The photochemical technique of laser isotope separation in monatomic vapors was briefly introduced,and a simplified mathematical model with rate equations of interaction between the two-level atoms and gas molecules with laser radiation was established.After analyzing of the selectivity of this method during the calculation,the influence of the laser's power and center frequency upon the separation was discussed.The results of the calculation showed that this photochemical technique had a high selectivity.The consumption rate of different type of atoms was greatly different from each other and the enrichment factor increased first and then decreased with the increment of the detuning using single-photon excitation.


Idly eating my porridge and drinking my coffee on a Sunday morning, I'm suddenly pitched into terror by discovering from the papers that my wife, asleep in bed upstairs, is suffering from 'an affliction that ruins the lives of millions'.

Evidently 'one person in five now suffers from the problem so badly that their careers, relationships and health are threatened.' A Professor Joseph Ferrari from DePaul University in Chicago says, 'The social and economic implications are huge. These people need therapy.'

Not only is my wife a near-terminal case, but my 17-year-old daughter probably has it too. Indeed, I could have a touch myself. The condition must be genetic. How quickly will Ferrari and his team be able to identify the gene that causes this horrible problem? Will my daughter be able to have genetic testing during pregnancy? How long will it take to develop a cure?

The condition is 'chronic procrastination'. 'It needs to be recognized by clinicians,' says Ferrari. It's evidently more common than depression or phobias and 'encourages depression, lowers self-esteem, [and] causes insomnia.' Victims may also suffer accidents at home from unmended appliances. I think immediately of our electric kettle that works only intermittently.

Should I pull my wife out of bed and get her down to the hospital? Perhaps I should call my daughter on holiday in France and tell her to come home immediately. But what will they say in St Thomas's A&E when I tell them that my wife has a bad case of chronic procrastination? I fear they will laugh at me. That intrepid pioneer Ferrari has the same fear: 'The subject is seen as a joke,' he says.

So maybe I won't get my wife down to St Thomas's right now. I'll leave it until tomorrow – or even later in the week.

Does anybody take this stuff seriously? I suppose somebody must – presumably at least Michael Day, who wrote the piece. But I can't imagine many people being scared. People are generally too sensible. Chronic procrastination joins a whole other list of the diseases de nos jours. Soon ugliness, stupidity, inarticulacy, tactlessness (I'm a bad case), smelly feet, crooked noses, not having a sense of humour, boredom and countless other shocks that flesh is heir to will become diseases.

We must resist. Turning life's experiences into diseases is bad for everybody – apart from the people who make money treating them. If we see our problem as a disease we become victims and consumers of professional help. We should be actors, not consumers. Women fought back against the medicalization of birth, and there's a battle on now around death. Interestingly, some people (not patients) diagnosed with Asperger's syndrome insist that their condition is a way of life, not a disease.

It strikes me as particularly sad that Ferrari and his sidekicks should try to medicalize procrastination, because people whom I greatly admire argue for much more procrastination – or shall we call it reflection?

WH Davies asked 'What is this life if, so full of care, we have no time to stand and stare?' The author Kurt Vonnegut went further. After describing a 'wasted' morning that might make him a near-terminal case of chronic procrastination he writes: 'And I tell you, we are here on Earth to fart around, and don't let anybody tell you any different.' A bit more procrastination and we might have avoided the tragedy of Iraq.


The modified electron-pair (MEP) and limited configuration interaction (CI) calculations are carried out on the ground state of H 2 O with accurate integrals. The minimal Slater orbitals and Slater-type orbitals with optimized exponents are used as bases. It is concluded that the MEP approximation is a good compromise between simplicity and accuracy and is a valid substitute of a limited CI calculation.


Along with the times, science is growing and increasingly studied. Science is usually summarized in a book which is often called an encyclopedia. The explanation in the book only contains two-dimensional theory and images. By applying Augmented Reality, making cultural recognition applications will be more interesting. Displays 3D images taken from 2D images so that they appear more vivid images. The application of Augmented Reality also encourages children to get to know culture more through interesting learning. It is hoped that students' proficiency in learning will rise with the help of this program. Based on the test results using Augmented Reality, it can be concluded that in order to get good results the user is asked to place the picture book in a flat place. This application does not succeed in displaying objects if the markerless is uneven


In today's era, the intelligent development trend of media is unstoppable. The rich media scattered the users' viewing media contacts, leading to the complexity of media advertising exposure and related effect evaluation and prediction. In this paper, this study use as simple a model as possible to predict the advertising coverage in the case of cross media platform data. On the basis of data processing, this paper proposes a prediction model of advertising coverage —— grp-reach dual parameter model. This model can better predict the advertising coverage. Compared with other traditional models, the goodness of fit increases by 0.08 on average, which is helpful to predict users' media consumption behavior. The model can also infer the investment required to increase another reach percentage point when the advertising cost is known, which can provide new ideas and strategies for advertising in sub media delivery, and provide decision-making reference for advertising delivery of different advertising companies.


Background: Artemisinin dimer oxime – dimer molecule synthesized from artemisinin possesses high bioavailability and marked in vitro anticancer activities against solid tumor-derived cell lines, endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenic processes. Numerous murine models have been developed to study human cancer. The most widely used models are the human tumor xenograft mouse model. Materials and Methods: In this study, human tumor cells (NCI-H640, 1 × 107 in 100 μL) are implanted subcutaneously, or 1 × 107 in 50 μL in the thoracic cavity, in athymic nude mice (nu/nu). The implanted cells were allowed to grow for 10 days before initiation of drug treatment (dimer oxime and topotecan, ip). Tumor volume and thoracic/body weight ratio were recorded. Results: We successfully established subcutaneous and thoracic xenografts with human nonsmall cell lung cancer cell line xenografts in athymic nude mice in only 10 days. Using these models, we attempted treatment of xenografts with topotecan – a known anticancer drug and artemisinin dimer oxime or combination of these two drugs. Combination therapy showed a significant reduction in tumor volume and tumor/body weight. Treatments with combination of topotecan and dimer oxime resulted in the reduced mortality rates in comparison with untreated mice. Conclusions: Xenograft tumor models are useful for preclinical screening of new pharmacophores. From this preliminary study, it appears that combination of dimer oxime and topotecan may be used as chemotherapeutic agents against nonsmall cell lung cancer. Further studies are needed to evaluate other combination treatment regimens as well as the mechanism(s) of action.


The theoretical analysis of electrostatic interactions and ion redistribution in the close vicinity of the three-phase contact line shows their important role in the Langmuir wetting process. To provide a sufficient rate for the ion transfer, which is intended to neutralize the interfacial charge, the concentration and potential distributions deviate from the equilibrium. As a consequence, during the deposition process the adhesion work, and hence the contact angle, are defined by the local ionic concentrations near the three-phase contact line. The concentration profiles and the electro-diffusion ion fluxes induced during the Langmuir wetting process are strongly dependent on the subphase composition and on the monolayer properties. The results of the analysis are in a good agreement with the experiments.


This revised edition of the original reference standard for urban legends provides an updated anthology of common myths and stories, and presents expanded coverage of international legends and tales shared and popularized online. * Approximately 300 individual entries for specific urban legends * An introduction provides a brief history of urban legend research * A selected bibliography and reference citations


A 14 year old boy, said to have had multiple transfusions during infancy, was brought to the hospital for complaints of pain over right thigh for one week duration. MRI reveals multiple osteolytic lesions with enhancing hyperintense bone marrow lesions over iliac bones, right acetabulum and lumbar vertebral bodies and enlarged para-aortic, iliac and inguinal lymph nodes. CT of the whole body revealed osteolytic lesions on skull, mandible, right scapula, head of both humeri, L1 and L4 vertebrae, 5 th and 10 th ribs, both acetabulum and ala of sacrum along with enlargement of cervical, axillary and mesenteric, iliac and inguinal nodes. HIV ELISA was positive. Viral load was 141,700 copies/ml. CD4 count was 226 cells/mm 3 . Multiple biopsy from the lesions and bone marrow revealed no evidence of tuberculosis and malignancy. Now the boy is on ART (ZDV + 3TC + EFV) since August 2013. His CD4 count improved and viral load became undetectable and he gained weight within 5 months of ART. Due to the rarity of its presentation, this case report is being reported.


The A. explores the notion of embodiment with reference to the three bodies, namely, the social body, the individual body, and the body politic. She emphasizes that these three bodies are not thematic or topical bodies. Rather, they arise from different theoretical approaches to the body in society, namely, structuralist, phenomenological, and post-structuralist approaches. The A. proposes to consider a fourth theoretical approach which, in contrast to the three others, stresses the need for a diachronic perspective and calls for attention towards peoples' own inquiries into the natural environment: the exploration of the body ecologic concerns genealogies of indigenous peoples' perception of the ecological environment, the implication being that concepts like hot and cold, dry and wet, and the like, as currently used for describing bodily states, convey even today meanings that are best understood by examining the socio-political contexts of earlier time periods in which these concepts became part of medical reasoning. While the A. focuses on the body she also mentions that the body had not always been the primary concern of medical anthropological inquiry, but only became so in the late eighties and nineties.


Peculiarities of austenitization process of low-alloyed plate steels in line of rolling mill are studied taking into account preliminary cooling of them ant their initial structure. Oriented formation of austenite on the boundaries of ferrite grains and its growth along certain crystalographic planes is found in steels with ferritic-pearlitic structures. It is the evidence of widmanstatten nature of this polymorphous α→γ transformation. At heating of steel with initial ferritic-pearlitic structure, formed in result of preliminary cooling of plates after hot rolling to temperature of intercritical region, process of austenite formation during following heat treatment with phase transformation is not accompanied by expected grain refinement. It this case heat treatment does not provide increasing of complex of mechanical properties of rolled plates in comparison with hot rolled state. The decreasing of them may take place in some cases. Plate rolled products from low-carbon and low-alloyed steels to provide the necessary complex of mechanical and technological properties is subjected to different types of heat treatment. Austenitization is the obligatory part of such treatments. Effectiveness of austenitization in many respects depends on initial structure of steel. At heat treatment in line of rolling mill, based on hot loading of plates in continuos rolling furnaces [1], low-carbon low alloyed steels have ferritic-pearlitic structure and at hot loading in intercritical range of temperatures they may have austenitic-ferritic structure. Process of austenitization of steels with ferritic-pearlitic structures was studied by numerous investigatirs [2-4]. But despite of this fact, many questions, connected with mechanism of α→γ transformation in low-alloyed steels in real conditions of their heat treatment remain the subject of discussion yet. It is necessary to fulfill the special investigation of influence of austenitic-pearlitic structure, formed in result of preliminary cooling of plates after hot rolling to temperature of intercritical region, on character of grain size changing in result of following heat treatment with phase transformation In this work the austenitization of low-alloyed steels of 10HSND and 09G2s1 grades was investigated. These steels are widely used for producing of plate rolled products for general applications. Structure and phase transformation at heating of steels in dual phase α+γ-region were evaluated by metallographics analysis, based on light and electron microscopy. Samples 20x30 mm, were cut out from hot rolled plates with sickness 14 mm . They have the ferritic-pearlitic structure and they were heated to temperatures in the range 700-900 °С with step 20 °С. After that they were cooled on air. Duration of heating was 2 minutes for every 1 mm of plate cross-section. It corresponds to existing conditions of austenitization of plate rolled products during heat treatment in industrial conditions. Volume of austenite decomposition products, formed after cooling of steel was calculated by the method of secants. The error of evaluation was less than 3%. Kinetic of austenite formation was studied by magnetthermal method with using of specially designed unit in accordance with techniques, described in [5].


The purpose of this study was to explore the lived stressors, emotions, and coping experiences of four international gymnasts. A variety of recurring stressors were reported by the gymnasts, such as performing poorly in training, expectations from other people, and coaches. Coping appeared to generate pleasant emotions in some instances, especially when it was effective. The gymnasts also experienced multiple emotions simultaneously, including unpleasant (e.g. anxiety) and pleasant emotions (e.g. excitement). The diaries also revealed the extent to which team members were affected by one another, such as when a team member suffered an injury that prevented him competing in an international event and the other team members experienced a variety of unpleasant emotions. The gymnasts also reported experiencing pleasant and unpleasant emotions simultaneously. As such, these findings add to the emerging literature that people can experience different emotions simultaneously and illustrate the importance of examining multiple emotions to capture the entire emotional experience.