376),' Wolbb' for Wolff (p. 119), not to mention' Casauben' (p. 182),' Dobre' (p. 178),' Kaible' (p. 13) or 'Keibel' (p. 321), 'Posron' (p. 194), 'Van Herwerrden' (p. 290) and many others. A copious bibliography (pp. 1-11) takes us up to 1985, though some recent items like the new Photius (1982-) or PCG (1983—) are not mentioned anywhere, presumably because they were not yet available in the land of Dodona: cf. p. 1 "Sev Karafepafie va TO ftpovfie". Still, it is nice to find here (p. 193 = fr. 79K.) a talkative cook who remembers the Medea (a>s ifiepos ft' imijXdf yi) re Kovpavw / Ae£at JU.OAOVTI TOVI/IOV tits koKevaoa) and claims to have discovered the elixir of life (adavaaiav evpr/Ka, 1.25). It remains to be seen whether Dr Gobara's own salmagundi can match his legendary dishes (e.g. Sanglier dArgos or Congre de Sicyone) and thus turn the diners into gods and make the dead live again.


NASA's Human Exploration Plans: A primary goal of all major space faring nations is to explore space: from the Earth with telescopes, with robotic probes and space telescopes, and with humans. For the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), this pursuit is captured in three important strategic goals: 1. Ascertain the content, origin, and evolution of the solar system and the potential for life elsewhere, 2. Extend and sustain human activities across the solar system (especially the surface of Mars), and 3. Create innovative new space technologies for exploration, science, and economic future. While specific missions and destinations are still being discussed as to what comes first, it is imperative for NASA that it foster the development and implementation of new technologies and approaches that make space exploration affordable and sustainable. Critical to achieving affordable and sustainable human exploration beyond low Earth orbit (LEO) is the development of technologies and systems to identify, extract, and use resources in space instead of bringing everything from Earth. To reduce the development and implementation costs for space resource utilization, often called In Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU), it is imperative to work with terrestrial mining companies to spin-in/spin-off technologies and capabilities, and space mining companies to expand our economy beyond Earth orbit. In the last two years, NASA has focused on developing and implementing a sustainable human space exploration program with the ultimate goal of exploring the surface of Mars with humans. The plan involves developing technology and capability building blocks critical for sustained exploration starting with the Space Launch System (SLS) and Orion crew spacecraft and utilizing the International Space Station as a springboard into the solar system. The evolvable plan develops and expands human exploration in phases starting with missions that are reliant on Earth, to performing ever more challenging and longer duration missions in cis-lunar space and beyond, to eventually being independent from Earth. The goal is no longer just to reach a destination, but to enable people to work, learn, operate, and live safely beyond the Earth for extended periods of time, ultimately in ways that are more sustainable and even indefinite.


Enterprise informatization is a large system including: input, output, feedback, operation inside, executive action and incentive measures. Inner-enterprise can be seemed as an artificially social organization unit composing of various agents in a rigid formation. This paper mainly proposes an enterprise informatization associated with rigid formation theory of multi-agent. The connection between agents and enterprise factors is represented. The relationship between enterprise factors is described by potential function theory: the attractive force presents that all factors have the same opinion, and the repulsive force presents that all factors have the different opinion needed to be solved. Finally, the simulation proves that the model mentioned in this paper is effective.


: In this paper, we aim at investigating the effect of marketing mix on the demand of a new low-carbohydrate food product, K-Pack. The key variables of marketing mix with respect to the total sales, 24 datasets in total, are price, advertising, location and cities. To figure out which variables strongly affects the total sales, the test will comprise two parts: Model selection and Model inference. Under the first part, the dataset will be resampled to reduce the bias while assuming the assumptions of linear regression are met. When constructing the model, a Hypothesis validation will be carried out to ensure the variables are statistically significant. Considering the Inference section, several statistics metrics and features (coefficient, R squared and AIC) will be presented in table formats for Data Analysis. Instead of focusing on all the marketing mix to determine the demand, the company should only consider Price, Advertising, City index, Store Volume and interaction between Price and Store Volume as efficacious. These results offer a guideline and new insight for sales predictions based on multivariate linear regression.


The aim of this thesis is to put forward a proposal to increase performance of the company VOP CZ, s. p. by using benchmarking method. The work consists of two parts. The theoretical part focuses on delimitation and content of benchmarking and business performance. In the analytical part is presented the company VOP CZ, s. p. Then it's carried out a detailed analysis. Project involves a comparison of the three's leading engineering industry representatives. In conclusion are evaluated the results of the project and proposed spe-cific solutions to increase business performance.


A text input method based on gesture recognition, comprising: collecting image information containing a target object; determining the target object according to the image information, and acquiring a writing surface and a movement trace of the target object; extracting the movement trace of the target object in the writing surface as a writing trace and outputting same; and performing character recognition according to the writing trace, and outputting a character recognition result.


Because gravitational acceleration at an asteroid surface is very small, it is not known which scaling should determine the size of an impact crater, gravitational scaling or strength scaling. In order to estimate the evolutional processes of asteroid surfaces, it is important to understand the gravity dependence of crater diameter. However, not many impact cratering experiments under low gravity conditions have been conducted. A few hypervelocity impact experiments were conducted under increased gravities (Schmidt and Housen, 1987) and under low gravities (Gault and Wedekind, 1977; Takagi et al., 2007). These studies show different gravity dependences and further study is required to understand why the results look inconsistent. We developed a drop mechanism which can simulate gravities smaller than 1 G: a target container was suspended by springs of constant force. We conducted experiments under a gravity range of 0.25-1 G. We used silica sand of average diameter 140 μm and glass beads of average diameter 500 μm as the target material. Stainless steel sphere of 8 mm diameter was dropped and impacted onto the target. The impact velocity was between 1 and 4 ms -1 . As a result, the crater diameter formed under the gravity range between 0.25-1 G was proportional to -0.188 ± 0.008 power of the gravity acceleration for the silica sand and -0.183 ± 0.007 for the glass beads. These values are roughly in agreement with previous studies at hypervelocity (Schmidt and Housen, 1987; Gault and Wedekind, 1977). We conducted low velocity impact experiments onto granular materials with different internal friction angle and obtained a relationship between internal friction angle and crater size. We applied this relationship to an environment of asteroid surface by considering the relationship between internal friction angle and ambient pressure and will present the results.


This study elucidates the factors reducing the CO2 methanation reaction temperature of TiO2-supported Ru catalysts prepared via the polygonal barrel-sputtering method (Ru/TiO2(BS)) to investigate t...


Configuration interaction cluster calculation can effectively reproduce the experimentally measured Ti L23-edge absorption spectrum for the TiO6 cluster LaTiO3. A further investigation of the hybridization strength and charge-transfer energy effects on the multiplet structures suggests that LaTiO3 should be classified as an intermediate state between the charge-transfer and Mott–Hubbard regimes. Detailed temperature-dependent simulations of absorption spectra support the lifting of Ti t2g orbital degeneracy and crystal field splitting. The spin–orbit coupling scenario is ruled out, even though 3d spin–orbit coupling can reproduce the experimental spectrum without including temperature. A combined polarization- and crystal-field-splitting-dependent analysis indicates asymmetric ΔCF–orbital interactions for the TiO6 cluster [Ti3+:3d1(t2g1)], different from the orbital–lattice interactions reported for the NiO6 cluster [Ni3+:3d7(t2g6eg1)]. The orbital polarization is defined in terms of the normalized electron occupancies in orbitals with xy and xz(yz) symmetries, and nearly complete orbital polarization (more than 75%) is observed, indicating strongly reduced orbital fluctuations due to the correlation effects. This is consistent with the density of states for titanates based on local density approximation plus dynamical mean-field theory calculations.


Semarang is the capital of Central Java province and categorized in major cities in Indonesia. The government's role in keeping pest preservation and protection of the environment with menegedepankan balance the economic aspects, protection of cultural heritage and the environment. In the application of conservation and environmental protection in Semarang Semarang city government take strategic steps to perform the functionalization of green open land and the old town that could be developed as a tourist attraction that has the principle of conservation of renewable and environmental protection. Monitoring and environment control for business development players so it does not harm the public, including the empowerment of management Waste that not cause pollution. Keywords: City Government, Conservation and Protection, Environment


Packet switched computer communication networks consist of switching centres connected by communication channels which allow the storing and forwarding of message packets from source node to destination node. The routing procedure generally attempts to minimize the average time a message spends in the network.In the networks discussed in this paper, we don't make usual independence assumption and permit general arrival distribution and forwarding as-soon-as available policy. The queueing theory approximations are not valid in this situation and therefore another fast approximate technique to calculate total service time and to obtain routing solutions is suggested.First, two-are three-node networks are considered and the discussion is then generalized for calculating the service time for shipment of a given number of packets over a path between a fixed source and destination node. Lastly, a method for evolving an optimal strategy for routing the packets over a set of disjoint paths so as to minimize the s...


Surgery initiates local wound hemostasis and a systemic reaction which we hypothesize protects against intravascular coagulopathy. This study examines release and systemic effects of prostacyclin (PGI2) and thromboxane (Tx) in response to surgery. In 10 dogs laparotomy or thoracotomy was followed by a rise in arterial concentrations of 6- keto-PGF1α , the stable metabolite of PGI2 from 0.02 to 0.26 ng/ml (p < 0.005), a value higher than pulmonary arterial levels (p < 0.05). TxB2, the stable metabolite of TxA2 , was unchanged. Cardiac output (CO) rose from 3.46 to 4.06 L/min (p < 0.05) whereas mean arterial pressure (MAP) fell from 142 to 122 mm Hg (p < 0.03). ADP induced platelet aggregation decreased from 491 to 28% (p < 0.001). Indomethacin, 5 mg/kg IV, in 5 dogs prevented the rise of 6- keto-PGF1α secondary to surgery, and levels were now higher in mixed venous than arterial blood (p < 0.03). There were no changes in CO, MAP or platelet aggregation. During abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy (14 patients), 6-keto-PGF1α increased from 0.04 to 0.95 qg/ml (p < 0.01) 30 min after incision, but before transfusion or aortic clamping; TxB2 did not change. Cardiac index (Cl) rose from 2.72 to 3.04 L/min.m2 (p < 0.03) and MAP fell from 100 to 88 mm Hg (p < 0.01). Platelet aggregation decreased from 55% to 40% (p < 0.001) and platelet counts decreased to 166,000/mm3, 24 h postop (p < 0.01). In 9 patients given aspirin (650 mg) by mouth 12 h preoperatively the rise in 6-keto-PGF1α and Cl, and fall in MAP and platelet aggregation were prevented. Mean platelet counts were 107,800/mm3, 24 h postop, which was lower than observed in patients not given aspirin (p < 0.005). Surgical trauma stimulates the lungs to secrete PGI2 , which has systemic hemodynamic and hematologic consequences.


The constitution of zirconium-niobium alloys has been investigated and modifications to the existing equilibrium diagram are suggested. The mechanical properties of the alloys at room temperature have been determined and the hot- strength at temperatures of up to 750 deg C has been deduced from hardness measurements. Also, hardness has been measured after low-temperature agcing treatmenis. Measured results are correlated with the equilibrium diagram. The resistance of the alloys to oxidation in air has been determined in the temperature range 570 to 650 deg C. (auth)


According to QED a metallic mirror set in motion in quantum vacuum gives rise to "dissipated" energy in the form of real photons. This phenomenon, called dynamical Casimir effect, has never been observed due to unsolved technical difficulties: in order to obtain an experimentally measurable number of photons from vacuum fluctuations a reflecting surface has in fact to vibrate at very high frequencies (≃109 Hz). As these frequencies are too high to be achieved with a purely mechanical oscillation, our idea is to switch an effective microwave mirror on and off at very short intervals of time changing the reflectivity of a semiconductor layer by shining a pulsed laser beam on its surface. The first step to study the feasibility of this technique is to show that a semiconductor slab when illuminated by a laser behaves indeed as a metal. This article presents the measurements that confirm this demand, obtained by uniformly illuminating large (several square centimeters) surfaces of silicon and GaAs.


This paper refl ects on the situation of arts teaching in the 5 th to 8 th grades in mainstream elementary education. The study was carried out in public schools in a city in the state of Parana in 2004. The data was collected by means of questionnaires. Among the problems identifi ed, primary is; the lack of specifi c teacher training and the lack of a conception about artistic work and, as a result, a visible constraint in their educational practice. The paper presents a historical retrospective of the teaching of arts in Brazilian education in order to understand how the educational policies are implemented. The understanding of art as an activity, polyvalence and free expression demonstrate remains of the 5.692/71 Law in the context investigated.


The CuX and Cu2X series (X = O, S, Se, Te, Po) have been investigated using a standard pseudopotential and a correlation-corrected pseudopotential for copper. Using the latter pseudopotential leads to cheaper but nevertheless accurate results in comparison to standard high-level ab initio methods. The spectroscopic parameters also compare favorably with the available experimental data. These calculations constitute the first theoretical study of CunTe and CunPo (n = 1, 2). Trends in structural and energetic properties for the whole series are discussed, in particular the d10−d10 "metallophilic interaction" between the copper atoms.


Smoothing filters have been widely used in image and video analysis. Also directional smoothers useful in motion analysis, edge detection, line parameter estimtion, and texture analysis. Such particular applications require the use of several different angles oriented directional filters. For real time applications, hardware devices having capability of parallel processing can be used. The steerability is the property, in which several filtering operations outputs are linearly combined to achieve output of a directional filter which is arbitrarily oriented. Smoothing filters has a property of steerability, which implies that the outputs of several filtering operations can be linearly combined in order to produce the output of a directional filter at an arbitrary orientation. There are several efficient FPGA implementations of the convolution operation for non-separable and separable have been presented in the literature, research on steerable filter implementations on FPGA is limited. In this paper, we present implementations of steerable Gaussian smoothers using VHDL and simulation is carried out using Model SIM software.


This letter considers cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) in a heterogeneous cognitive radio network, where <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K$</tex-math></inline-formula> non-identical cognitive users (CUs) and a fusion center (FC) collaboratively detect the primary user's signal using the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$</tex-math></inline-formula>-out-of-<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K$</tex-math></inline-formula> rule in the presence of erroneous control channels. We formulate a generalized optimal fusion problem (GOFP) to optimize the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$</tex-math></inline-formula>-out-of-<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K$</tex-math></inline-formula> rule for the Bayesian test and then solve the GOFP to obtain the optimal value of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$</tex-math></inline-formula>. It follows that existing results on the optimal value of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$</tex-math></inline-formula> in the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$</tex-math></inline-formula>-out-of-<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K$</tex-math></inline-formula> rule are special cases of the proposed solution. We then propose a framework to obtain the smallest number of CUs required in CSS while satisfying a target error bound at the FC. Numerical results are presented using the energy detector as an example.


Experimental results are presented on the simultaneous excitation of three low-frequency instabilities in the magnetized plasma column of a Q-machine, namely the potential relaxation instability, the electrostatic ion-cyclotron instability and the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. The influence of the magnetic field intensity on the appearance of these instabilities was investigated.


1. Jungers Center for Neuroscience Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA. 2. Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA. 3. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA. 4. Multiscale Microscopy Core, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA. * Corresponding author: email@example.com


I.1. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz came into the world in Leipzig on June 21, 1646, the son of Professor Friedrich Leibniz and his wife Katharina, née Schmuck, daughter of a famous jurist. His father was a notary, Registrar of the university, and Professor of ethics, who died on Sept. 15, 1652. Gottfried Wilhelm showed early indications of outstanding intelligence and possessed a memory that was as enormous as it was rigorous. At the St. Nicolaus-School in Leipzig, he read Livy at eight years of age, without need of a dictionary. By the age of twelve, he had mastered Latin and Greek quite completely and devoured Cicero, Seneca, Herodotus, Xenophon, and Plato, as well as the works of various Church Fathers. His devout mother raised him in the spirit of the Augsburg Confession of Lutheran orthodoxy.


Copy of letter from Amon Carter to Harry Chandler of the Los Angeles Times regarding air mail and air transport.


Park et al . [TCS 2020] observed that the similarity between two (numerical) strings can be captured by the Cartesian trees: The Cartesian tree of a string is a binary tree recursively constructed by picking up the smallest value of the string as the root of the tree. Two strings of equal length are said to Cartesian-tree match if their Cartesian trees are isomorphic. Park et al . [TCS 2020] introduced the following Cartesian tree substring matching ( CTMStr ) problem: Given a text string T of length n and a pattern string of length m , find every consecutive substring S = T [ i..j ] of a text string T such that S and P Cartesian-tree match. They showed how to solve this problem in ˜ O ( n + m ) time. In this paper, we introduce the Cartesian tree subsequence matching ( CTMSeq ) problem, that asks to find every minimal substring S = T [ i..j ] of T such that S contains a subsequence S (cid:48) which Cartesian-tree matches P . We prove that the CTMSeq problem can be solved efficiently, in O ( mnp ( n )) time, where p ( n ) denotes the update/query time for dynamic predecessor queries. By using a suitable dynamic predecessor data structure, we obtain O ( mn log log n )-time and O ( n log m )-space solution for CTMSeq. This contrasts CTMSeq with closely related order-preserving subsequence matching ( OPMSeq ) which was shown to be


This paper analyses the way in which the quest for Buddhist wisdom has been portrayed in The Matrix and Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon. Both films seek to explore the notion of hidden realities and both suggest that selflessness can enable the individual to overcome the material world. Furthermore, it is argued that the Buddhist concept of skillful means is not only employed by advanced practitioners in each of the films to ensure that central characters are on the path to true wisdom, but also that through careful cinematic manipulation the directors prompt the audience to question their own notions of reality. This article is available in Journal of Religion & Film: http://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/jrf/vol10/iss1/3 Initially the two films considered in this article, Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon directed by Ang Lee, and the first film of The Matrix trilogy, The Matrix, written and directed by the Wachowski brothers, may appear completely unconnected. The most obvious difference is the setting – the former being set in the period of China's Han dynasty and the latter in an advertently "dystopian cyberworld." However, closer examination reveals quite the opposite. Both films follow the quest of a number of individuals to discover hidden realities, taking extended reference from advanced Buddhist teachings. Although teachings from Theravada and Yogacara Buddhism, as well as other religious traditions, have clearly impacted on both films, this paper will focus particularly on the parallels with the teachings of Mahayana Buddhism. Indeed, a number of central themes can be discerned in the two films, which form the foundation of this paper: the impermanence of the world, selflessness as a means to transcend the material and skillful means as a method to help individuals on the path to enlightenment. In analysing these areas this paper will not only consider the extent to which the two films portray the quest for Buddhist wisdom, but it will also be argued that through skillful cinematic manipulation the audience themselves become complicit in the


Abstract : The scope of this program was the development of a data bank on the toughness of steels which may be considered for marine applications such as ship hulls and drilling structures. Eleven steels of importance are included. Data from a variety of types of toughness tests were included in the database, including Charpy impact, fracture toughness, nil ductility transition, and drop- weight tear tests. The emphasis of this project was on the collection of data, not its detailed analysis, though efforts were made to assure that problems with identity of individual lots or incomplete reporting of test data were dealt with. The Marine Toughness Data Bank was developed both in hard copy, as summarized in this document, and in machine readable form. It is available in a searchable online version on the MPD Network where it is referred to as MARTUF. It is also available on PC disks in the original Lotus 123 format in which it was assembled from the Ship Structures Committee. It is not searchable in this format.


In late 1995 the FCC called the cellular phone industry and hearing instrument industry together to address the issue of the hearing aid users ability to use cellular phones. At that point it was becoming increasingly apparent that cellular phones using digital transmission formats could interfere with many hearing aids. This paper presents some of the technical challenges and measurement techniques developed to resolve this interference issue.


The invention describes a float bath apparatus (10) which is divided into float bath sections or bays (1-8) in a longitudinal direction. The float bath apparatus (10) has a float bath housing (11) which has a float bath tub (12), a float bath roof, and side walls (24, 20). Located in said float bath tub (12) is a float bath (16) of molten metal for the production of a glass strip (19) floating on the float bath (16). A suction device (30) is provided for the aspiration of a forming gas atmosphere contained in the float bath housing (11), wherein the suction device (30) comprises at least one suction conduit (32) with at least one suction opening in at least one side wall (14, 20). The suction opening is a slit opening (34) extending in a horizontal direction. A method for the production of flat glass is also described.


Ganoderma boninense produces ligninolytic enzymes namely lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganese peroxidase (MnP) and laccase to degrade the lignin composition in plant cell walls. The present study aimed to evaluate the infection potential of vegetative incompatible isolates of G. boninense in causing Basal Stem Rot (BSR) disease in oil palm through the production of ligninolytic enzymes. Vegetative incompatibility test was carried out to test the antagonistic relationship of G. boninense isolates. G. boninense isolates with strong antagonistic reaction were selected for ligninolytic enzymes analyses. In vitro infection of oil palm seedlings and downstream analyses were then carried out. Control experiment was carried out with GBLS, a known G. boninense isolate. From this study, G. boninense isolates a1 and h2 showed the highest laccase (43.07 and 40.44 Ul-1) and MnP (14.80 and 16.21 Ul-1) enzymes production. Oil palm seedlings infected by isolates a1 and h2 resulted in relatively high percentage of disease severity index (DSI) (42.50 and 56.25% respectively). GBLS had lower laccase and MnP enzyme activities (24.31 and 9.27 Ul-1 respectively) and obtained the lowest DSI value (29.55%). Overall, a direct relationship was observed between the production of ligninolytic enzymes and the infection potential in vegetative incompatible G. boninense isolates.

 Key words: Oil palm, Basal Stem Rot (BSR), vegetative incompatible, ligninolytic enzymes, in vitro infection.


BACKGROUND
Benign masseter muscle hypertrophy is an uncommon clinical phenomenon of uncertain aetiology which is characterised by a soft swelling near the angle of the mandible. The swelling may on occasion be associated with facial pain and can be prominent enough to be considered cosmetically disfiguring. Varying degrees of success have been reported for some of the treatment options for masseter hypertrophy, which range from simple pharmacotherapy to more invasive surgical reduction. Injection of botulinum toxin type A into the masseter muscle is generally considered a less invasive modality and has been advocated for cosmetic sculpting of the lower face. Botulinum toxin type A is a powerful neurotoxin which is produced by the anaerobic organism Clostridium botulinum and when injected into a muscle causes interference with the neurotransmitter mechanism producing selective paralysis and subsequent atrophy of the muscle.

OBJECTIVES
To assess the effects of botulinum toxin type A in the management of benign bilateral masseter hypertrophy.

SEARCH STRATEGY
We searched the following databases in August 2008: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library 2008, issue 3); MEDLINE (via PubMed) (1950 to August 2008); EMBASE (via embase.com) (1980 to August 2008); and LILACS via BIREME. We searched two bibliographic databases of regional journals which may be expected to contain relevant trials (IndMED and Iranmedex) using free text terms appropriate for this review.

SELECTION CRITERIA
Randomised controlled clinical trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) comparing intra-masseteric injections of botulinum toxin versus placebo administered for cosmetic facial sculpting in individuals of any age with bilateral benign masseter hypertrophy, which had been self-evaluated and confirmed by clinical and radiological examination. We excluded participants with unilateral or compensatory contralateral masseter hypertrophy resulting from head and neck radiotherapy.

DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Two review authors conducted screening of studies in duplicate and independently, and although no eligible trials were identified, the two authors had planned to extract data independently and assess trial quality using standard Cochrane Collaboration methodologies.

MAIN RESULTS
We retrieved 167 references to studies, none of which matched the inclusion criteria for this review and all of which were excluded.

AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
We were unable to identify any randomised controlled trials on the efficacy of intra-masseteric injections of botulinum toxin for people with bilateral benign masseter hypertrophy. The absence of high level evidence for the effectiveness of this intervention emphasises the need for well-designed, adequately powered, randomised controlled clinical trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs).


Particle jet impact drilling technology is an efficient method which mainly uses high-velocity particles to break rock. As the important criterion for evaluating rock-breaking effect, rock-breaking depth and damage area were studied in this paper. Firstly, a particle jet impact rock-breaking test device was developed, and laboratory experiments have been carried out. Then, based on the spherical cavity expansion theory, the mathematical model of rock-breaking depth and damage area under particle jet impact was established. Afterward, the effect of water-jet impact velocity, impact angle, and particle diameter on rock-breaking depth and damage area was analyzed by comparing experimental results and mathematical calculation. The results show that rock-breaking depth and damage area would increase with increase of water-jet impact velocity and decrease slightly with increase of particle diameter. And the combination of 8° and 20° is recommended for nozzle layout. The experimental results and mathematical calculation are basically consistent, which could verify the correctness of the mathematical model. The study has significance for development and application of particle jet impact rock-breaking technology and perfection of theoretical research.


The benefits of lot size reduction in discrete manufacturing firms have been touted to the point that few would question their veracity. However, the attention received by process industries, those with continuous manufacturing processes, pales in comparison to the discrete manufacturers. This paper uses a simulation, based on an actual process industry, to investigate the results of two lot size (or batch size) reductions within this continuous processing firm. Simulation results are used to compute five TOC (theory of constraint) performance measures which are then compared among the three batch sizes. Results indicate that lot (batch) size reductions can benefit continuous process industries as well as discrete manufacturers. Furthermore, certain managerial implications are suggested.


They show up, although they are not sure quite why; still with a sense of necessity – activists, city councilors, local thugs, entrepreneurs, fixers, religious figures, NGO workers, and some concerned citizens. In the back banquet hall of an old restaurant food and drinks are served, and there is no real agenda. It is late, and no one knows quite what the outcome will be. But a deal will be hammered out; no one will like it very much; no one knows quite how it will be enforced or what the long-term implications will be. It is likely people will return soon, perhaps not here, but to some other fairly anonymous place that everyone knows. Still, it is an occasion when no particular expertise or authority prevails; there are openings to make things happen across a landscape of gridlock, big money, and destitution. These are gatherings that take place across many cities of the world; usually at off-hours and usually under somewhat vague pretenses and aspirations. Nevertheless, it is an urban politics at work, engaged in the arduous task of bringing some kind of articulation to increasingly divergent policy frameworks, administrative apparatuses, money streams, and authority figures that intertwine at abstract levels but whose mechanics of interdependency are too often opaque within day-to-day routines of navigating and governing cities. Competencies and jurisdictions are often demarcated and institutionalized in ways that entail clear limits to what any given agency, organization, or company is entitled and available to do. Therefore, projects and programs that require the application of many different kinds of entities at various times often require administratively complex negotiations and scheduling pertaining to the way these entities work together and apply their abilities to a particular site of intervention.


__________________________________________________________________________________________ Introduction: Nearly half of the patients with cerebral palsy (CP) may face frequent ophthalmological problems including strabismus, refractive errors and abnormal intraocular pressure. Purpose: In this study we aimed to investigate the relativeness between intraocular pressure and neurological pathologies in patients with selected types of CP. Material and methods: The subject of the analysis was to show intraocular pressure in patients within two groups of CP: diplegia spastica and tetraparesis, with nervous system pathologies taken into account. Analysis consisted of 103 patients (66 boys, 64%) between 2-18 years old (mean age 9.7±3.87). 44 patients (42%) had diplegia spastica, while 59 patients had (58%) tetraparesis. During the diagnostics process the checking of intraocular pressure was carried out with a non-contact tonometer. The data were evaluated with correlation, Chi Square and Fishers' Extract Test. The border value of significant statistical level was accepted p=0.05. Results: In the statistical analysis of the study was proven some correlations between intraocular pressure and type of CP, type of delivery, term of birth, and possibility of walking of patients with CP. Conclusions: The study affirmed that results of tonometry above the norm were more common in patients with tetraparesis than with diplegia spastica, mainly in non-walking patients. Abnormal intraocular pressure, both hypo and hypertony were diagnosed as being more common in children born naturally, from a full term pregnancy.


Corporate social responsibility (CSR) captures an organization's commitment to and engagement with multiple stakeholders; integrates economic, social, and environmental concerns into sustainable policies; and enhances employee perceptions, emotions, long-term value creation, and financial success. Most researchers have reported linear relationships between CSR and employee attitudes. Here, we test a new theory: After surpassing an upper bar, employee-perceived CSR exponentially stimulates their organizational pride. Organizational pride has a positive and linear direct impact on job satisfaction and affective commitment, respectively. Perceived CSR exponentially excites job satisfaction and affective commitment indirectly through organizational pride. Data collected from 296 managers and employees in 12 diverse companies in China support our theory. Policymakers must develop a sustainable policy, nourish a conducive environment, and pursue CSR as a competitive advantage because at a high level, perceived CSR exponentially reaps intangible rewards, creating the positive Matthew Effect in CSR and sustainable policy. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment


Objective: to verify the relationship between social and occupational characteristics of nursing workers and the occurrence of medication errors. Methodology: it is a longitudinal observational study conducted between August and December 2014 in two clinical units. The sample was composed of 32 nursing professionals and 320 doses of medicines observed with a check-list type instrument aid in different work shifts averaging ten observations per professional. The research was approved by the Ethics Committee with CAAE: 26723314.2.0000.5054. Results: it was identified that administration and preparation errors were the most frequent, 280 (87.5%) and 200 (62.5%). Among the socio-occupational characteristics, the occurrence of errors was significantly correlated with age, length of time acting in the institution and time of professional experience (p=0.01; p=0.02; p=0.02). The variables gender, number of work load and work shift in the institution did not present a statistical significant relation with the errors. Conclusion: the relation between some socio-occupational characteristics and medication errors should be considered in institutional policies for error reduction and patient safety. Descriptors: Patient Safety. Nursing. Medication Errors. RESUMO Objetivo: verificar a relação entre as características sociais e ocupacionais dos trabalhadores de enfermagem e a ocorrência de erros de medicação. Metodologia: estudo observacional longitudinal conduzido entre agosto e dezembro de 2014 em duas unidades clínicas. A amostra foi composta por 32 profissionais de enfermagem e 320 doses de medicamentos observadas com o auxílio de um instrumento do tipo check-list em diferentes turnos, com média de dez observações por profissional. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética com o CAAE: 26723314.2.0000.5054. Resultados: identificou-se que os erros de administração e preparação foram os mais frequentes, 280 (87,5%) e 200 (62,5%), respectivamente. Entre as características sócio-ocupacionais, a ocorrência de erros correlacionou-se significativamente com a idade, tempo de atuação na instituição e tempo de experiência profissional (p=0,01; p=0,02; p=0,02). Já as variáveis sexo, número de atividades/tarefas e turno de trabalho na instituição não apresentaram relação estatisticamente significativa com os erros. Conclusão: a relação entre algumas características sócio profissionais e erros de medicação deve ser considerada nas políticas institucionais para redução de erros e segurança do paciente. Descritores: Segurança do Paciente. Enfermagem. Erros de Medicação. RESUMÉN Objetivo: verificar la relación entre las características sociales y ocupacionales de los trabajadores de enfermería y la ocurrencia de errores de medicación. Metodología: estudio observacional longitudinal conducido entre agosto y diciembre de 2014 en dos unidades clínicas. La muestra fue compuesta por 32 profesionales de enfermería y 320 dosis de medicamentos observados con la ayuda de un instrumento del tipo check-list en diferentes turnos, con media de diez observaciones por profesional. La investigación fue aprobada por el Comité de Ética con el CAAE: 26723314.2.00.00.5054. Resultados: se identificó que los errores de administración y preparación fueron los más frecuentes, 280 (87,5%) y 200 (62,5%), respectivamente. Entre las características socio-ocupacionales, la ocurrencia de errores se correlacionó significativamente con la edad, tiempo de actuación en la institución y tiempo de experiencia profesional (p=0,01; p=0,02; p=0,02). Las variables sexo, carga de trabaljo/atividades y turno de trabajo en la institución no presentaron una relación estadísticamente significativa con los errors. Conclusión: la relación entre algunas características socio-profesionales y errores de medicación debe ser considerada en las políticas institucionales para reducción de errores y seguridad del paciente. Descriptores: Seguridad del Paciente. Enfermería. Errores de Medicación. Enfermeiro. Professor Assistente I da Universidade Federal do Piauí. Mestre em Enfermagem. Picos, PI, Brasil. E-mail: email@example.com Enfermeira. Doutoranda do Programa de Pós-graduação em Enfermagem da Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, CE, Brasil. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Enfermeiro. Doutorando do Programa de Pós-graduação em Enfermagem da Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza, CE, Brasil. E-mail: email@example.com Farmacêutica. Coordenadora da Gerência de Risco da Maternidade Escola Assis Chateubriand. Mestre em Ciências Farmacêuticas. Fortaleza, CE, Brasil. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Enfermeira. Professora Adjunto da Universidade Estadual do Ceará. Doutora em Enfermagem. Fortaleza, CE, Brasil. E-mail: email@example.com Enfermeira. Professora Associada da Universidade Federal do Ceará. Doutora em Enfermagem. Fortaleza, CE, Brasil. Email: email@example.com ISSN: 2238-7234 Pereira FGF, et al. Relationship between occupational.. 5 Portuguese Rev Enferm UFPI. 2018 Oct-Dec;7(4):4-9. INTRODUCION Among the factors that contribute to medication errors, three categories stand out: environmental, contextual and individual. The latter includes the body of knowledge acquired by the professional about drugs and about the complex system in which their use is involved. However, there is little evidence of the strong relationship between individual/contextual factors and these errors. Human error is the health context is related to factors that goes from causes inherent to the patient himself to institutional, financial and structural issues and human factors, such as the lack of knowledge and skills. In this sense, it is assumed that the best way to prevent human error is to know the possibility of its occurrence, and typify them in order to list their causes and consequences. Nurses are among the main professionals dealing with drugs. They represent the largest workforce in health services in Brazil, with nearly 1,500,000 active professionals in the national territory. This large number of workers implies a direct relation of the category with patient safety and error prevention strategies with regard to the preparation and administration of medicines. As they are responsible for a large part of the workload, they are under increased probability and exposure to errors. The reasons for the occurrence of errors are very diverse, including lack of knowledge about medications, lack of information about patients, memory lapses, error in prescription, failure to verify doses, inappropriate storage, lack of labeling, inappropriate environment of preparation, interruption during the preparation, work overload, among others. In this sense, the interest in ensuring the safe use of medicines must permeate the whole process of which they are part. This includes preventive work through continuing education strategies and measures to strengthen actions aimed at knowing the factors that predispose to risk. With regard to the preventive work of the health team, a research study emphasized the importance of the nursing work in this prevention. The study listed medication errors, pointing out that human factors such as fatigue, turnover, inadequacy of materials and work equipment, inattention and inadequate proportion of number of professionals and patients can be potential causes of these errors. Still, the work environment can present various usually stressor elements usually associated with professional performance. Among these stressors stand out the relationships established at the workplace, the structure and organization of the institution, the degree of complexity of the tasks, the working hours, and the type and number of employment bonds. Professional qualification in an attempt to minimize knowledge deficiency may reduce patient harm. Thus, it is necessary to carry out a situational diagnosis in order to understand the main types of errors and their relation with other factors so that future interventions may be made. In this sense, the objective of this research was to verify the relationship between socio-occupational characteristics of nursing workers and the occurrence of medication errors.


The article discusses the top six recommended techniques that assist with dry climate urban landscape programs. The City of Tea Tree Gully, in Australia is preparing itself for landscape challenges.


The human neuronal protein α-synuclein (α-syn) has been linked by a plethora of studies as a causative factor in sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD). To speed the pace of discovery about the biology and pathobiology of α-syn, organisms such as yeast, worms, and flies have been used to investigate the mechanisms by which elevated levels of α-syn are toxic to cells and to screen for drugs and genes that suppress this toxicity. We recently reported [Wang et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (2012) 109: 16119-16124] that human α-syn, at high expression levels, disrupts stress-activated signal transduction pathways in both yeast and human neuroblastoma cells. Disruption of these signaling pathways ultimately leads to vulnerability to stress and to cell death. Here we discuss how the disruption of cell signaling by α-syn may have relevance to the parkinsonism that is associated with the abuse of the drug methamphetamine (meth).


In this paper, we propose a multi-layer multicast routing protocol for multi-hop mobile ad hoc cognitive radio (CR) networks. The proposed protocol employs a probabilistic approach in performing the channel assignment and path selection process based on the concept of minimum spanning tree (MST). Our protocol accounts for the unique features of CR operating environment. Simulations experiments are conducted to investigate the effectiveness of the our protocol under various network conditions in terms of network throughput and packet delivery rate. Compared with reference CR multicast protocols, simulations results show that our multi-layer multicast protocol signif cantly improves network performance.


The article deals with the German, first of all, Hegel's, philosophy influence on the formation of Russian thought. The special attention is paid to the renowned Russian Hegelian Nikolai Strakhov, who influenced philosophical views of Dostoyevsky and Tolstoy. The analysis of correspondence between Strakhov and Tolstoy not only exposes the latter's attitude to Hegel and all German classical philosophy but demonstrates as well the specificity of philosophical conception by Tolstoy, which was founded for his ethics and axiological foundations.


Based on the study of the slope with gently granular structure in Xingqiao open mine, a new safety cleaning bank mode for steep slope mining was developed, including setting up dint cut, and forming natural retai ning wall based on the character of gentle incline slope. It can effectively eliminate the impact of sliding body on the bottom working place and slope body, reduce the dilution of ore, keep rainwater from upper steps away, decrease influence of the weak intermediate layer, and cut cost of disposal waste rock. The safety and reliability of the mode were analyzed and verified from 3 aspects: static load calculation, ANSYS simulation of dynamic loading and spot experiment. The result of static loading calculation shows that the retaining wall can support accumulation and ex trusion of granular body, and the glide or overturn disaster will not take place. The simulations of dynamic loading show that the retaining wall remains stable until sliding body collapses from 360 m (10 sublevels). Only one new safety cleaning bank in each 1 - 5 sublevels can fully meet the need of engineering. The new mode sustains steep slope mining, increases the angle of ultimate slope, and reduces invalid overburden amount of rock by 3 %-5 %. The result of spot experiment has verified the exactness of the above calculations and simulations.


Pyridinolysis of 1-(4,6-diphenoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)pyridinium chloride with substituted pyridines in aqueous solution exhibits a non-linear Bronsted correlation possessing a break-point at the pKa of the pyridine nucleophile equal to that of the leaving group: the results are consistent with the intervention of a Meisenheimer-like intermediate and the full effective charge map for solution states along the reaction coordinate indicates substantial bonding change in the formation of the transition states.


This thesis goal is to identify, collect, analyze, and evaluate the quality metrics for a product master data; to allow quantifying and improve their value. In order to meet the main objective, this study needs to address these three questions: (1) What is the type of methodology that should be used to develop business-oriented data quality metrics? (2) How appropriate is the methodology for a practical case? (3) What are the data quality metric specifications for a case study in Elsevier? This study develops the process model using methodologies constructed by Otto et al., 2009; Wang et al., 1995; and Batini et al., 1986. It uses the theory testing research strategy (Verschuren, et al., 2010) to develop an alternate process model by validating the frameworks with the study case in Elsevier e-commerce. The process model is considered practical, valid, complete, and resilience. It also provides a list of data quality metrics for e-commerce and product MDM that meets several requirements, namely business relevance, feasible, reproducible, measurable, and acceptable.


The utility model provides lifting equipment for a vessel, which comprises a pile shoe, a mounting tower, a ring beam type hydraulic lifting device and a vessel body, wherein the mounting tower is fixedly connected with the vessel body; the ring beam type hydraulic lifting device is connected with the mounting tower through an elastic pad and positioned between the mounting tower and the vessel body; the pile shoe is positioned in the ring beam type hydraulic lifting device; pin holes matched with a bolt oil cylinder on the ring beam type hydraulic lifting device are arranged at the periphery of the pile shoe; the pile shoe is connected with the ring beam type hydraulic lifting device through the bolt oil cylinder; the ring beam type hydraulic lifting device comprises an upper ring beam, connecting pins, the bolt oil cylinder, a lifting oil cylinder and a lower ring beam; the lifting oil cylinder is positioned between the upper ring beam and the lower ring beam; the lifting oil cylinder is connected with the upper ring beam and the lower ring beam respectively through the connecting pins; and the bolt oil cylinder is assembled in the upper ring beam and the lower ring beam. With the adoption of the scheme, the lifting equipment has good safety performance and a simple structure, and is convenient in operation and light in weight.


The Transient Reactor Analysis Code (TRAC) is a large FORTRAN thermal-hydraulics program designed to solve problems involving internal flows in nuclear reactors. The current versions have been designed for a CDC 7600 and CRAY 1 but benchmarks have been run in parallel simulations. This paper will discuss the methods in use, the reason that these techniques are effective, and their extension to parallel machines.


Resumen en: This review describes botanical, chemical, pharmacological and phytotechnological properties of Passiflora alata Curtis, with emphasis on analytical meth...


This report demonstrates the use of operant learning principles and behavioral feedback via television in training mothers in child management. Tailored programs for two male "brats," aged 5 and 8 years, are presented. Seven intervention or instruction sessions were held during which the mothers' management behaviors were gradually shaped. Direct instruction on what operants to emit contingent on the boys' behaviors, teaching of reinforcement principles, social reinforcement of the mothers' successful management behaviors, and playback of videotaped mother-son interaction sessions were used in the shaping. When necessary, the mothers were trained in management of the problem child in the presence of another child such as a playmate or sibling. According to daily notes kept by the mothers of the boys' problem behaviors at home, both children improved markedly within a period of 25 weeks from the point of first contact with the parents. The applicability of the described procedural format to parents and children with certain characteristics is discussed. Some informal comments regarding the effects of feedback on the mothers are also presented, along with the two mothers' reactions to seeing themselves try to cope with their boys on videotape prior to the beginning of treatment.


We report a deep radio search with the Ooty Radio Telescope (ORT) for the redshifted 21-cm absorption line from the damped Lyman-α system seen at redshift 3.388 against the quasar PKS 0201 + 113. This is currently the most distant system for which a detection of the 21-cm absorption line has been claimed. The present observations have a sensitivity comparable to the earlier ones and detect no statistically significant absorption. We use the nondetection to place an upper limit of ~ 0.011 on the optical depth of the damped Lyman-α absorber. This corresponds to a lower limit of ~ 5600 K to the spin temperature of the system. This is considerably higher than the previous upper limit of ~ 1380 K.


This article asks what it means to habituate a queer orientation in a world permeated by digital connectivity. In doing so, it takes media phenomenology away from the mundane towards the momentous, drawing on queer phenomenology, and existential media studies. Using life-narrative interviews with sexual minorities in Russia, the article sheds light on the "work of queer habituation" in a straight world, and the contemporary significance of digital media technologies within this process. Digital media's ability to multiply space is defined a key feature which offers sites to "stay with" the disorienting experience of queer dispositions. Through longer periods of discrete "queer digital dwelling," individuals who have been associating their queer desires with ontological threats are able to find space for existence and existential security. By locating others in close proximity, some are also allowed to appropriate local territory in ways that make it more livable.


Sabotage modal logic (SML) is a kind of dynamic logics. It extends static modal logic with a dynamic modality which is interpreted as "after deleting an arrow in the frame, the formula is true". In the present paper, we are aiming at solving an open problem, namely giving a Sahlqvist-type correspondence theorem for sabotage modal logic. We use the standard minimal-valuation techniques to show that the Sahlqvist fragment of sabotage modal logic has first-order correspondents. We give some remarks and future directions at the end of the paper.


Diets in countries undergoing the nutrition transition are often of poor quality, with high intakes of energy‐dense foods but low intakes of micronutrients. Thus, overweight individuals may remain at risk for micronutrient deficiencies. This study compares the odds of anemia in overweight and obese (OVWT) (BMI> 25) versus non‐overweight (non‐OVWT) (BMI<25) women in three countries at different stages of the nutrition transition. Nationally representative data for women ages 18‐49 years from Mexico (1998 National Nutrition Survey), Peru and Egypt (2000 Demographic and Health Surveys) were analyzed. Logistic regression was used to test whether the odds of anemia differed by BMI category, controlling for sociodemographic factors. More than half of the women were OVWT in all three countries and the prevalence of OVWT reached 77% in Egypt. Anemia prevalence was similar across countries (28%, 31% and 23% in Egypt, Peru and Mexico respectively). In Egypt, the least developed country, OVWT women had significantly lower odds of anemia than non‐OVWT women (OR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.68, 0.90). Similar results were found in Peru, but the difference was smaller in magnitude (OR=0.83, 95% CI: 0.71, 0.96). In Mexico, the most developed country, there were no differences in the odds of anemia by BMI group. These findings show that being OVWT in countries undergoing the nutrition transition does not necessarily diminish the risk of anemia. Diet quality remains an important issue even among women with excessive energy intakes.


The Poiseuille number, the product of a friction factor and the Reynolds number (f · Re) for a quasi-fully developed high speed flow in a micro-channel of Re < 2300 and Mach number Ma < 0.7, was obtained numerically. The numerical methodology is based on the arbitrary-Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) method. Two-dimensional compressible momentum and energy equations with no-slip and slip boundary conditions were solved for constant wall temperatures that are lower or higher than the inlet temperature. The channel height ranges from 10 to 100 µm and the channel aspect ratio is 200. The stagnation pressure, pstg, is chosen such that the exit Mach number ranges from 0.1 to 0.7. The outlet pressure is fixed at atmospheric conditions. In the case of fast flow for both no-slip and slip boundary conditions, the value of f · Re is higher than 96 due to compressibility effects. However, in the case of slow flow for slip boundary conditions (Maout < 0.3), the value of f · Re is slightly lower than 96 due to rarefaction effects, even the flow is accelerated. The f · Re correlation for slip boundary conditions is obtained from that for no-slip boundary conditions and incompressible theory as a function of the Mach number and the Knudsen number. The f · Re correlation obtained for no-slip boundary conditions is also compared with that obtained for slip boundary conditions. The values of f · Re obtained for no-slip and slip boundary conditions almost coincide within 3% for the channel height in the range 10–100 µm.


Abstract : Wind data have been analyzed to produce frequencies of occurrence of slant wind shear with respect to surface wind speed, time of day, vertical temperature gradient and wind shear direction differences. Slant wind shear (SWS) is a measurement that more closely approximates the shear encountered by an aircraft on takeoff or landing. It is computed as the wind shear between a higher level wind (in this study, 60 m) and the surface separated by a horizontal distance equivalent to that which an aircraft would traverse in descending or ascending that height. Additional study was also completed on the specification of slant wind shear along the runway through the use of an offset towersurface site system.


Automated cell electrophoretic measurements with Lazypher are based on the laser Doppler technique. Experiments are performed with high precision (of 1.2% S. D.) and in short time intervals of 1–3 min. Application to electrophoretic mobility tests with tanned sheep erythrocytes incubated in supernatants from sensitized murine thymus and spleen cells which had been prepared from cultures containing 5 μg purified protein derivative (PPD)/ml caused a reduction of the electrophoretic mobility (EM) of 5% and 13%, respectively. Control spleen cell supernatants caused a 4% decrease in mobility and no effect was observed with supernatants from control thymus cells. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy adults (n = 56) and children with atopic diseases and congenital heart disease (n = 12) are separated into a high mobility peak (μ = 1.24 μmcm/Vs for adults, μ = 1.19 μmcm/Vs for the child group) corresponding to T‐cells and a low mobility peak, μ = 0.93 μcm/Vs, representing B‐cells. The mobility difference between the adult and child T‐cells is highly significant (99%). Electrophoretic measurements of myeloid cells from healthy donors and patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) show that progressing differentiation within this cell line is accompanied by a decreasing mobility. Blast cells from a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (c‐ALL) had an EM, μ = 1.09 μmcm/Vs, distinct from that of myeloblasts in AML (μ = 1.16 and 1.25 μmcm/Vs) and CML (μ = 1.25 and 1.23 μmcm/Vs) and from normal T‐and B‐lymphocytes.


Concrete is the most bendy creation material because of the fact it could be designed to stand as a remarkable deal because the most harsh environments at the equal time as taking up the maximum inspirational place of job art work. Engineers are always pushing the boundaries to enhance its not unusual not unusual performance with the help of progressive chemical admixtures and supplementary cementations materials. Nowadays, the most concrete combination includes supplementary cementations fabric which office work part of the cementations problem. The use of this thru-products not best permits utilising those waste substances however furthermore enhances the houses of concrete in smooth and hydrated states. Slag cement and fly ash are the 2 maximum commonplace SCM's carried out in concrete, their homes are often in evaluation to every specific thru aggregate designers seeking out to optimize concrete mixtures. Perhaps the most a success SCM is silica fume as it improves every energy and durability of concrete to such quantity that present day-day-day layout hints name for the addition of silica fume for the layout of excessive strength concrete. In the winning art work, a series of checks have been finished to make comparative research of severa mechanical homes of concrete mixes prepared with the aid of the usage of a manner of using ACC brand Slag cement, Fly ash cement and their aggregate (in 1:1 percent). These binder mixes are changed thru 10% and 20% of silica fume in substitute. The superb combination used is herbal sand observe region II as regular with IS 383-1982. The coarse combination used is steel making slag of 20 mm downsize. The substances are jumbled collectively 1: 1. Five: three proportions. The houses studied are 7days, 28days, and fifty-six days compressive strengths, flexural electricity, porosity, capillary absorption. Mixing of silica fume had made concrete sticky i.e. More plastic specifically with fly ash cement. The porosity and capillary absorption exams accomplished on mortar mixes show a lower in capillary absorption and porosity with a boom in silica fume percent with every shape of cement. The decrease is more with fly ash cement than slag cement. But the opposite sample is acquired for concrete i.e. The outcomes display a decrease in 7days, 28 days and fifty-six days the compressive energy of concrete because of the inclusion of silica fume in the matrix. The growing dose of silica fume indicates a similar decrease in power at each diploma. The nearly same fashion is received for flexural electricity furthermore. The specimens without silica fume had fantastic cracks which may be greater seen in concrete made with slag cement than fly ash cement.


When considering the South Asian diaspora in Britain, attention is more often than not drawn to migration and settlement patterns in the country from the mid-twentieth century. A more extended scope has been provided in terms of considering movements between the two regions in the colonial period, particularly from the nineteenth century with a couple of studies focusing on the period since the 1600s. This article considers a frame further back in time when European cities like London first became a site of 'ancient cosmopolitanism' open to migration from regions including South Asia during the period of the Roman Empire. The approach adopted in this article is critical of colonial, regional and nationalist blinkers on the tracts of history, and enables a means of considering ancient connections between Europe and South Asia as well as other modes of interpretation of the cultural and material legacy of the Roman era.


This research was motivated by the determination of the best athlete (MPV) in the PLN Mobile Proliga 2023 competition in Yogyakarta. The purpose of this study was to select the best athletes in the team that won the competition in the Jakarta Lavani Vs Jakarta Bayangkhara match in a national level competition. Descriptive research method with survey techniques. The subjects of the study were 12 male players, consisting of six Lavani players and six Bhayangkara players. The study sample used purposive random sampling. The research instrument uses an observation rubric by looking at several aspects of both skills and psychological aspects, namely attitude or attitude and leadership or leadership in the team. Data collection techniques using observation sheets. Observations are made only during peak or grandfinal matches. The points (+) collected in each set are combined and added to the most points, the athlete is chosen as the best athlete (MPV) in the competition. Data analysis using quantitative descriptive techniques. The results showed that: in the grand final match won by the Jakarta Lavani team and one of the male players from the Lavani team with a total of 22 points consisting of (spike: 20 points, serve ace: 1 point, and block: 1 point) became the best athlete with an average point per set of 5 points. Best players are obtained from observing skills and psychology that are able to determine ideally the best player in a volleyball event. The conclusion of the study was selected the best athlete (MPV) in a competition based on the number of points obtained from the athlete's skills during the grand final match between Lavani vs Bayangkhara and psychologically the attitude of the athlete in his team.


Chap ter 1 . THE PROBLEM • • Introduc tion Purpose of S tudy Problem • • • Defini tion of Terms Del imi ta tions Assumptions • Theoretical Rationale Hypo thesi s S ignificance of S tudy to Nursing 2. LITERATURE REVIEW • • Coronary Artery Disease Cardiovascular Risk Fac tors Atherosc lerosis As a Pediatric Problem Cardiovascu lar Hea l th Education Programs for Chi ldren . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Rol e Of the Schoo l In Cardiovascular Risk Fac tor Education Hea l th Education Nurse's Ro le in Hea l th Promo tion Summary • • 3 • METHODOLOGY Selec tion of Samp le Selec t ion of Ins trument Rel iabi l i ty and Va lidity Scoring • • • • Data Col lec tion 4. ANALYSIS OF DATA Introduc tion Discuss ion


The present research aims at investigating the economic performance of mixed ricefish farming in south-west region of Bangladesh. In order to carry out the research objective descriptive statistics, profit function, Cobb-Douglas form of multiple linear regression model and t-test approaches have been applied. The study area has been selected using multi-stage sampling technique and convenient sampling method has been utilized to select the sample. In-depth interview technique has been employed to collect primary data by using pretested questionnaire from the samples. Results from descriptive statistics show that the average annual return on mixed rice-fish farming is BDT 56326.45 more than mono rice farming as well as production efficiency of mixed rice-fish farming is also found higher than mono rice farming. Besides, mixed rice-fish farming experiences increasing return to scale, whereas, mono rice farming undergoes decreasing return to scale. Moreover, test of hypothesis provides statistical evidence that mixed rice-fish farming is more profitable than mono rice farming in the study area. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.3(3): 453-462, December 2016


In Koekoek and Koekoek (On a differential equation for Koornwinder's generalized Laguerre polynomials. Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 112 (1991) 1045-1054) a differential equation is introduced, which is of finite order if α is a nonnegative integer and is of infinite order for other values of α > - 1, and can be interpreted as a linear perturbation of the differential operator for Laguerre polynomials, having orthogonal polynomials, generalizations of Laguerre polynomials (Laguerre type polynomials), as eigenfunctions. In this letter we give two new representations of this operator (with the perturbation operator in factorized form) in the finite order case and we mention some properties of this operator.


Explanations of the gender pay gap and related labor market segregation remain fiercely debated. On the one side are those economic historians who take a primarily neoclassical view, in which competition among workers and employers eliminates wage differences that do not reflect productivity and occupational segregation that is not the outcome of choice. Persistent discrimination must reflect anticompetitive institutions, for instance, trade unions. A corollary of the neoclassical perspective is that markets are liber‐ ating, freeing agents, including women, from cultural stereotypes and ensur‐ ing that they get paid what they are worth, although of course this need not imply wage equality if there are gender differences in productivity. On the other side are those cultural historians who interpret wage differences as reflecting custom and, as far as women are concerned, the cultural depre‐ cation of women's work, while occupational segregation represents gender stereotypes of fit work for women. In this view, socially and culturally con‐ structed gender identities can influence market outcomes, producing dis‐ crimination in wages and work that persists even in the face of competitive forces. A third perspective, which I want to introduce, is that of the political or heterodox economist, who might share with the neoclassicist the view that market processes are important and mold social norms while rejecting the Whig view of how markets work, particularly the idea that markets are liber‐ ating. Instead, the heterodox economist is inclined to see markets as captured


20-Methylcholanthrene induced cyst formation in Nyctotheroides puytoraci when injected into its host Bufo regularis. Presumably this hydrocarbon or its metabolites reaches the parasites in the recta of treated host animals and induces encystment. However, injection B. regularis with 0.5 mg of 20-methylcholanthrene + vitamin A palmitate (5,000 IU) inhibited the hydrocarbon-induced encystment of the parasites.


For the last two decades, land and land-related problems are more complicated ever before. Especially the proliferation of large-scale rural land investments and the vulnerability of the local communities in land abundant developing countries instigated researchers, human right activists, and international and regional organizations to proposed governance guidelines, principles, and codes of conduct for large-scale land investments. To identify policy flaws on the protection of local community rights under the governance process of large-scale rural land investment in Amhara National Regional State Ethiopia the commonalities of those international and regional accepted governance guiding lines and principles are taken as a point of reference to examine the land governance policies of the region through the approach of document analysis. The result shows all legislation with regard to the governance of large-scale rural land investment is flawed throughout the land policy reform processes and identified five ways in which the de jure land-related rights of the local communities are compromised and exacerbated the vulnerability of their livelihoods.


Purpose: The Hedgehog (Hh) pathway has emerged as an important pathway in multiple tumor types and is thought to be dependent on a paracrine signalingmechanism. The purpose of this studywas to determine the role of pancreatic cancer-associated fibroblasts (human pancreatic stellate cells, HPSCs) in Hh signaling. In addition, we evaluated the efficacy of a novel Hh antagonist, AZD8542, on tumor progression with an emphasis on the role of the stroma compartment. Experimental Design: Expression of Hh pathway members and activation of the Hh pathway were analyzed in bothHPSCs and pancreatic cancer cells.We tested the effects of Smoothened (SMO) inhibitionwith AZD8542 on tumor growth in vivo using an orthotopic model of pancreatic cancer containing varying amounts of stroma. Results:HPSCs expressed high levels of SMO receptor and low levels ofHh ligands, whereas cancer cells showed the converse expression pattern. HPSC proliferation was stimulated by Sonic Hedgehog with upregulation of downstream GLI1 mRNA. These effects were abrogated by AZD8542 treatment. In an orthotopic model of pancreatic cancer, AZD8542 inhibited tumor growth only when HPSCs were present, implicating a paracrine signaling mechanism dependent on stroma. Further evidence of paracrine signaling of the Hh pathway in prostate and colon cancer models is provided, demonstrating the broader applicability of our findings. Conclusion: Based on the use of our novel human-derived pancreatic cancer stellate cells, our results suggest that Hh-targeted therapies primarily affect the tumor-associated stroma, rather than the epithelial compartment. Mol Cancer Res; 10(9); 1147–57. 2012 AACR.


Dithallium(III) transferrin and the monothallium derivative with bicarbonate as synergistic ion have been prepared and characterized. /sup 205/Tl NMR spectrosocpy is a reasonably good probe to monitor the occupancy of the two available binding sites. The signals for the two sites are well separated and have been assigned through titration with iron(III) at different pH values. Thallium shows larger affinity for the C-terminal site than for the N-terminal site all over the ph range investigated.


In this note, we consider a general class of stochastic, jump parameter systems and show that the so-called H2 norm is the Frobenius norm of the impulse response matrix of the system. We present a necessary and sufficient condition for the H2 norm to be the induced norm from the input to the output for a particular type of deterministic input signal. As expected in the context of time-varying systems, we cannot extend this result to more general deterministic input signals. Moreover, finite H2 norm does not prevent infinite norm output in response to a finite norm input, unless additional conditions are imposed on the system. Here, we give relatively mild conditions - mean square stability and jumps driven by a finite-dimensional Markov chain starting in equilibrium - and we show that finite H2 norm implies a bounded ratio between the norms of the output and the input, for certain suitable norms.


DeLone & McLean's success model has been actively used since its first introduction in 1992. In this article, the authors extend this model to describe the success of knowledge sharing in an information system that included a part of the knowledge base of a private educational institute. As the supply of private education is increased, it is vital to be aware if the offered educational services support the use of the knowledge base and if the service is perceived satisfactory by the customers. In this descriptive qualitative case study, the authors discuss how the DeLone & McLean's information system success model can be used to assess educational services when apprenticeships form a salient part of teaching. This paper focuses on issues that interested the target organization. DOI: 10.4018/jissc.2010040103 International Journal of Information Systems and Social Change, 1(2), 36-48, April-June 2010 37 Copyright © 2010, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. several researchers (e.g., DeLone & McLean, 2003; Holsapple & Lee-Post, 2006; Lin, 2007; Wang et al., 2007; Petter et al., 2008). In virtual learning environments the participants typically communicate with other participants (Piccoli et al., 2001). There are electronic services where the product is not a physical ware or digital information product – instead, the services concentrate on producing pure service (Tiwana & Ramesh, 2001). Therefore, it is reasonable to assess the interaction between the participants as an important element of the service. In this paper the focus is limited to describe how knowledge sharing was perceived in the virtual environment. In the vocational schooling where the accepted apprenticeship formed the central part of the degree, the role of tacit knowing was emphasized. In this paper knowledge is understood as hierarchical concepts of data, information and knowledge. Besides concepts, knowledge is seen as a state of mind, object, process, prerequisite of accessing information, and in our paper, especially skills. We also look at knowledge as classified into tacit and explicit knowledge and note its cultural, functional, embedded, individual, social and pragmatic nature (Alavi & Leidner, 2001; Blackler, 1995; Choo, 1998; Nonaka, 1994.) We acknowledged the ambiguous nature of knowledge and we aimed to find out how knowledge is introduced in the literature. As our empirical material was collected from a private educational organization, we also looked knowledge as a key property of the organization (Becerra-Fernandez & Sabherval, 2001; Nissen, 2002). Among other means, the property was accessed with the help of a virtual learning environment and that set requirements to the information system. However, as the information system was seen as a service, its value and usefulness was to be assessed. The research approach was qualitative and interpretive (Walsham, 1995, 2006) and we converged the research problem with the help of a case study (Stake, 2000; Yin, 2003). Before introducing the case, we take a look at prior literature focusing on knowledge management, knowledge transfer and virtual learning environment. We emphasize the role of interaction and service as the case represents a core product of a private organization.


The Constitution of India guarantees equality to women and various laws have been enacted to protect and empower women. While some women have definitely benefited from these provisions, for the majority of poor and illiterate women life still remains a struggle in a very traditional, patriarchal and feudal society. The pathetic situation of women prisoners, branded as bad women who deserve bad treatment, is not surprising. The concept of human rights is totally alien to such women. We conducted a study in October 2005 of 150 women convicts lodged in Jaipur Central Prison in Rajasthan and found highly unsatisfactory conditions. Basic facilities are lacking for the women and their children; also the prisoners are visibly scared of the prison staff. There is scope for vast improvement, on all levels, particularly in the attitude of the prison staff who need to learn to respect the human rights of women prisoners.


The text discuss the error about measuring active power in three phrase Power supply system,and analized the cause producing the error.


PurposeDespite prior studies on cross-border acquisitions (CBAs) have analyzed the determinants of ownership strategies; there is still a quest for evidence on how the differences between home and host market characteristics affect the ownership percentage. Prior studies have acknowledged that entering host countries with greater uncertainty makes multinationals reluctant to acquire high levels of ownership. Nevertheless, emerging multinationals (EMNEs) are usually used to operating under greater levels of uncertainty than multinationals from advanced countries (AMNEs), which can imply different ownership strategies. The purpose of this study is to analyze the ownership percentage acquired by MNEs when designing a CBA in emerging or in advanced countries, and to analyze the extent to which the ownership strategy in emerging countries differs between EMNEs and AMNEs.Design/methodology/approachMobile telecommunications industry is used as research setting to provide empirical evidence of the interaction effect of the advanced versus emerging nature of the host and home countries on the ownership acquired in CBAs.FindingsResults confirm that both home and host countries' characteristics are relevant in explaining the ownership strategies of MNEs.Originality/valueThe authors contribute to the strategy and IB literatures by providing empirical evidence on the recent debate on whether the internationalization strategies followed by EMNEs are similar to the traditional patterns of AMNEs, and analyze how EMNEs differ from AMNEs in their ownership strategies in emerging countries. Focusing in the mobile telecommunications industry, the authors also contribute by extending the analysis to an international and cross-cultural setting that includes 48 mobile groups that come from 35 home and 81 host countries.


In this paper I discuss Icelandic Object Shift from the perspective of the Icelandic intonational properties. I firstly show that the arguments based on the Mapping Hypothesis (Diesing 1992, 1997) make a wrong prediction for the applicability of Object Shift, and argue that Object Shift should be dealt with as a movement phenomenon different from full NP shift. Then I introduce the experiment carried out to observe the intonational properties of the constructions relevant to Icelandic Object Shift and present the experimental data. I propose a new hypothesis on Icelandic Object Shift: a weak object pronoun moves to avoid lengthening. On the basis of the hypothesis I present an account of Holmberg's Generalization for Icelandic Object Shift as follows: when a focus-accented main verb moves, a weak object pronoun moves to avoid lengthening and eliminate the focal effect on itself. When a weak object pronoun can avoid lengthening in situ, e.g. in complex tense forms in which its main vowel can be shortened after a focus-accented main verb in situ, it does not move. Comparing Icelandic Object Shift with Swedish Object Shift, I argue that they are caused by different factors.


Social media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook enable the creation of virtual customer environments (VCEs) where online communities of interest form around specific firms, brands, or products. While these platforms can be used as another means to deliver familiar e-commerce applications, when firms fail to fully engage their customers, they also fail to fully exploit the capabilities of social media platforms. To gain business value, organizations need to incorporate community building as part of the implementation of social media.


Propolis originates from a resinous substance collected by honeybees from the buds and leaves of trees and plants, which is then mixed with pollen as well as enzymes secreted by the bees. In the present study, the susceptibility of Listeria monocytogenes to the ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) as influenced by EEP concentration, incubation temperature, pH, and cell age was investigated. In addition, the antimutagenic action of EEP against 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide (4-NQO) was also examined. Results revealed that EEP at a dosage of 7.5 µgmL −1 or higher exerted a bactericidal effect on L. monocytogenes. L. monocytogenes was most susceptible to EEP at 37 ◦ C followed by 25 and 4 ◦ C. At acid pH values, cells of the test organism were more sensitive to EEP than at neutral pH, while most resistant at alkaline pH values. Cell age was also found to affect the susceptibility of L. monocytogenes to EEP. Cells in the mid-exponential phase showed the highest susceptibility, followed by cells in the late-exponential phase and stationary phase. EEP caused cell leakage of the test organism. A marked increase in the absorbance at 260nm, UV-absorbing material in the supernatant of cell suspension, and irregularly shaped materials around the cell surface were noted after cells of L. monocytogenes were exposed to EEP. Furthermore, EEP at a dosage of 7.5-60.0 µg per plate was found to suppress 4-NQO-induced mutation by 17.6-88.8%.  2006 Society of Chemical Industry


A series of 6‐benzoyl‐, 6‐arylthio‐ and 6‐arylsulfonyl‐4‐amino‐2(1H)‐quinazolinones and ‐2,4(1H,3H)‐quinazolinediones were prepared. They were evaluated in vitro for their cytotoxicity against the NCI‐60 cancer cell lines.


Abstract An account of five species of Hellus Lepeletier and Serville described by Brunetti, which he had placed in Rhamphidia Meigen, and three species of Antocha Osten Sacken, one of which was placed in Limnobia Meigen, and one species of Orimarga Osten Sacken, is given. Lectotype Is designated in Helius (Helius) fratellus (Brunetti).


An initial-boundary value problem for one-dimensional o w of a compressible viscous heat-conducting micropolar uid is con- sidered. It is assumed that the uid is thermodynamically perfect and polytropic. A problem has a unique strong solution on )0; 1( )0; T (, for each T > 0. Using this result we obtain a priori estimates for the solution independent of T.


Continuous wave bistatic radars provide information on moving targets. This letter observes that because such targets usually generate signals at the receiver which closely approximate a zone plate pattern, hologram procedures, i.e., synthetic aperture radar procedures, can offer a significant improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio in such radars.


The dwarf irregular galaxy HIPASS J1131–31 was discovered as a source of HI emission at low redshift in such close proximity of a bright star that we call it Peekaboo. The galaxy resolves into stars in images with Hubble Space Telescope, leading to a distance estimate of 6.8 ± 0.7 Mpc. Spectral optical observations with the Southern African Large Telescope reveal HIPASS J1131–31 to be one of the most extremely metal-poor galaxies known with the gas-phase oxygen abundance 12+log(O/H) = 6.99±0.16 dex via the direct [OIII] 4363 line method and 6.87±0.07 dex from the two strong line empirical methods. The red giant branch of the system is tenuous compared with the prominence of the features of young populations in the color-magnitude diagram, inviting speculation that star formation in the galaxy only began in the last few Gyr.


lthough everything has progressed rapidly in the Internet and Web arena, nothing has changed significantly in the way that most people develop Web sites and applications. Web-based systems and applications now deliver a complex array of content and functionality to many heterogeneous end users, and this trend will continue. Unfortunately, however, the practices that developers follow for Web application development today are as poor as they were when the Web was in its infancy. Many organizations and developers have successfully developed large, high-performance Web sites and applications, but others have failed or face the potential for major failures. The primary causes of these failures are a lack of vision, shortsighted goals, a flawed design and development process, and poor management of development efforts—not technology. The way we address these concerns is critical to realizing the Web's full potential. The new Web engineering discipline deals with the process of developing Web-based systems and applications. The essence of Web engineering is to successfully manage the diversity and complexity of Web application development, and hence, to avoid potential failures that can have serious implications. (For a brief introduction to Web engineering see our earlier article. 1) This issue concludes our two-part theme on Web engineering. Part 1, which appeared in the January–March 2001 issue, 2 gives an overview on Web engineering and how it's helping practitioners develop and maintain high-quality Web systems and applications. It presents a Web design framework that facilitates application reuse, an object-oriented approach to legacy integration, a tool for constructing Web documents with visual simulations, Web metrics, and a case study highlighting experiences in developing flexible Web services. This issue further explores Web-based systems development and practices and presents multidisciplinary perspectives that help shape this dynamic area of Internet and Web application development. Web application development In many cases, it's not possible to specify fully what a Web site should or will contain at the start of the development process, because its structure and functionality will evolve over time. Furthermore, the information contained within and presented by a Web site will also change. Thus, the ability to maintain information and scale the Web site's structure (and the functions it provides) are two major factors that should be considered when developing a Web site. These factors make Web application development different from traditional software development. Need for a process To better manage Web-based systems design and development, and to do …


International law, perhaps more than any other branch of the science, is progressive. In its study, the elements of this progress should be traced to their origin. International law has been a growth of mutual understanding between nations, developed out of necessities of particular situations, ripening gradually from precedent to precedent and finally formulated and codified in international conventions and treaties. Of these the most notable are the conventions adopted at the two conferences held at The Hague in 1899 and 1907. It is not surprising to find that times of war have given rise to many of the rules which nations have gradually come to recognize and embodied in the system which has become common to them all. In times of peace the situation adapts itself more readily to the requirements of each nation. War necessarily displaces the ordinary course of business and human conduct.


We are honored to have been selected for the Members' Choice Award, and to share the award alongside our colleagues, Drs. May and Schulte, for their outstanding functional neuroimaging work on migraine. Our selected paper, "The Role of Melatonin in the Treatment of Primary Headache Disorders," was a comprehensive review of what is currently known regarding the therapeutic role of melatonin supplementation in migraine, cluster headache, and several other primary headache disorders. In this increasingly complex and rapidly expanding world of medical knowledge, having a topic summarized in one place can be a welcome relief for the busy clinician, and we surmise this may have been one reason for our selection. The story of melatonin is also an interesting one. As neuroimaging work points ever more convincingly towards the prominent role of the hypothalamus in migraine and cluster headache pathophysiology, therapeutic targets that have the potential to modulate the hypothalamus become increasingly of interest. The hypothalamus directs the timing of release of melatonin based upon light-input to its suprachiasmatic nucleus, yet melatonin in turn must also regulate the hypothalamus as the hypothalamus expresses melatonin receptors. As we increasingly appreciate the role of the hypothalamus in migraine attack generation and chronification, the case for melatonin as a therapeutic agent becomes attractive. In addition, the accessibility of melatonin may have appealed to readers. There has never been a more exciting time of novel therapeutic development for migraine prevention, with promising trials of monoclonal antibodies and neurostimulation devices being presented at every scientific meeting. However, rising health care costs and everincreasing restrictiveness from the insurance companies make cheaper treatments attractive. Melatonin at least provides some potential for equality of access. Melatonin may also have appealed to Headache readers for its tolerability and safety profile. The brains of those with migraine are more sensitive to stimuli—both during and between attacks. It is not surprising then that those same brains are also more likely to perceive the side effects of medications. Topiramate is significantly more likely to cause paresthesias in those who are taking it to treat migraine than in those who are using it to treat epilepsy. Our patient population with migraine has high CNS sensitivity and needs welltolerated pharmacology. The importance of this is even greater when treating children and adolescents with migraine, as the recent CHAMP trial has taught us that first-line migraine preventive therapy in this age group needs to have a side effect profile that is comparable to that of placebo. In the positive trial of melatonin for migraine prevention in adults by Goncalves et al, the authors remark, "Melatonin was more tolerable than amitriptyline and as tolerable as placebo." The safety and tolerability of melatonin in pediatric migraine has been supported by uncontrolled studies and in a small pilot trial by our group. We now aim to conduct fully powered, randomized placebocontrolled efficacy trials of melatonin for migraine prevention in children and adolescents. Our hope is that melatonin will prove to be a safe, effective, well-tolerated, and accessible means to prevent migraine in children and adolescents from all backgrounds.


In the present paper we deal with two approaches suitable to formal treatment of semantical network based reasoning , that are Evolving Algebras (EA) and Labelled Deduc-tive Systems (LDS). The evolving algebras methodology give a tools for precise operational description of the any computational process at the desired level of abstraction, while labelled deduction systems allows to treat various logical based approaches in the uniied way. We give the formalizations the semantical networks based reasoning in the both formalisms and discuss their relationships.


Due to the ever-increasing environmental pollution becoming progressively more serious, wind power has been widely used around the world in recent years. However, because of their randomness and intermittence, the accurate prediction of wind speeds is difficult. To address this problem, this article proposes a hybrid system for short-wind-speed prediction. The system combines the autoregressive differential moving average (ARIMA) model with a three-layer feedforward neural network. An ARIMA model was employed to predict linear patterns in series, while a feedforward neural network was used to predict the nonlinear patterns in series. To improve accuracy of the predictions, the neural network models were trained by using two methods: first-order transition rules and fuzzy first-order transition rules. The Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) algorithm was applied to update the weight and deviation of each layer of neural network. The dominance matrix method was employed to calculate the weight of the hybrid system, which was used to establish the linear hybrid system. To evaluate the performance, three statistical indices were used: the mean square error (MSE), the root mean square error (RMSE) and the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). A set of Lorenz-63 simulated values and two datasets collected from different wind fields in Qilian County, Qinghai Province, China, were utilized as to perform a comparative study. The results show the following: (a) compared with the neural network trained by first-order transition rules, the prediction accuracy of the neural network trained by the fuzzy first-order transition rules was higher; (b) the proposed hybrid system attains superior performance compared with a single model; and (c) the proposed hybrid system balances the forecast accuracy and convergence speed simultaneously during forecasting. Therefore, it was feasible to apply the hybrid model to the prediction of real time-series.


The safety of pembrolizumab monotherapy in treatment‐naïve non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with high programed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression and pre‐existing interstitial lung disease (ILD) has not yet been determined. Here, we aimed to evaluate the prognosis, efficacy and safety associated with pembrolizumab in such settings.


This paper deals with heat transfer in turbulent flow through corotating annular disks. The dual-stream flow influx enters from both sides and proceeds radially outward. The governing equations are solved by a finite-difference technique using a modified SIMPLER algorithm. The effects of the disk size and spacing, influx Reynolds number, and rotational speed on the heat transfer performance are investigated. It is concluded that disk rotation produces a surge in local Nusselt number at the near-exit region and a substantial enhancement in the average heat transfer performance. Optimum enhancement may be achieved by using a smaller unit with stationary disks operating at high Reynolds numbers or a larger unit with rotating disks operating at lower Reynolds numbers


in the paper a theoretical analysis ofoptimal cubic filter for image scaling is investigated. Starting from the analysis of the cubic filter in the frequency domain, and then by minimizing the magnitude of the frequency response, |H(?)|, over the interval 0.5 ??? 1.0, the best choice of the coefficients for the cubic filter can be obtained in terms of aliasing suppression and clear text display. By incorporating the previous result obtained by Keys with the new result obtained here, the optimal coefficients for the cubic filter can be obtained. Since the optimal cubic filter is obtained by suppressing the frequency response beyond the Nyquist frequency, it can be expected that the aliasing can be suppressed by using the proposed optimal cubic filter. The proposed optimal filter has performed a text enlargement example, and simulation results justify our theoretical analysis. it shows that the proposed method has very good performance in image scaling, especially in performing text enhancement.