Background: Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a major mental illness characterized by intrusive thoughts that produce uneasiness, apprehension, fear, worry and repetitive behaviours driven to aim at reducing the associated distress. Symptoms of obsession and compulsion are often observed to be quite different among male and female genders as per socio-cultural norms and social role of the community. This study intended to examine the pattern of distribution of obsessive and compulsive symptoms among two genders in Bengali population with obsessive compulsive disorder. Materials and Methods: It was cross sectional observational study. Among in new patients attending to the Psychiatry OPD of a tertiary care hospital, 50 male and 50 female consented Bengali patient with obsessive compulsive disorder fulfilling the selection criteria during the study period (1 year) had been recruited for the current study. We applied Yale-Brown obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) to measure the pattern and severity of obsessive and compulsive symptoms. Result: Mean age of the whole sample between 20-40 years whereas males were 32.82 years (SD 9.47) and females were 31.16 years (SD 7.16). Majority of both male and female were single, from Hindu nuclear rural family background, semiskilled worker by occupation. Majority of male had average education up to high school but female had slightly lower education, up to middle school. Mean total Y-BOCS obsession, compulsion and total scores for males was 13.08 (SD 3.02), 11.60 (SD 3.82), 24.68 (SD 5.84), for females was 14.14 (SD 2.72), 11.82 (SD 4.73), 25.96 (SD 5.63) and for whole sample was 13.61 (SD 2.72), 11.71 (SD 4.28), 25.32 (SD 5.74) respectively. Conclusion: This study reveals some consistent differences in distribution of the obsessive and compulsive symptomatology between male and female genders. Furter phenotypical, epidemiological, genetic, family, neuroimaging, neuropsychological studies may add to understand further the gender differences of the OCD symptomatology.


Aquaculture has been recognized as instrumental in generating income and rural employment besides stimulating growth of a number of ancillary industries. It has increased manifold in Andhra Pradesh in recent times in comparison to agriculture as it brings more profit and requiring less labour per unit area. Outbreak of coronavirus has not only disrupted aquaculture activities but had impact on the farmers' economy. It affected stocking, pre and post harvesting activities due to prolonged lockdown. Paucity of labor, shortage of inputs, lack of transportation and decline in marketing has complicated the difficulties of aqua farmers. Fish transports have reduced by 85% in domestic markets. Leading urban fish markets in India are operating with less than 10% of workers. Hatchery operators skipped pre-monsoon breeding losing one-third of seed production. Farmers were incurring 10 to 18% losses on production cost. Most of the farm labour are migrant workers. Farm repairs and machine operations affected due to scarcity of manpower. Seed stocking delayed due to suspension of fish harvests. Although, government has exempted fisheries from lockdown, farming operations hampered due to difficulties in social distancing. Retail markets and livelihood of women fish vendors were severely affected. Overall nationwide lockdown imposed to check the spread of COVID-19 has delivered a blow on the morale of the aqua farmers as also affecting the Indian economy.


The contents of the first paper were already outlined, in a slightly different form, in an abstract of this paper in this JOURNAL, vol. 18(1953), pp. 187-188. (The second paper is a correction to the first, indicating that the definition of tautology for S4 should be altered to be the same as that contained in the abstract.) In section 2 and 3 (and in the Correction), the author describes in detail a new decision procedure for Lewis's calculus S4 (4561, Appendix II) with the proof; and in section 4 a decision procedure for von Wright's calculus M (XVIII 174, Appendix II) without proof, because the proof that the method for M is adequate can be constructed along the lines of the proof for S4. Decision methods for both systems are already known (McKinsey VII 118, von Wright XVIII 174); however, the author's methods, which constitute simplifications of methods by von Wright, are by far the simplest yet discovered, and they may be regarded as "practical" for modal functions of degree two or less, with three or fewer distinct prepositional variables. In section 5, it is remarked that (i) while an analogous development is possible for Lewis's calculus S5 (4561), the method appears to have no advantage over other known methods, (ii) the method of decision for S4 provides new decision procedures for Heyting's prepositional calculus (McKinsey-Tarski XI I I 171) and for topological equations (McKinsey VII 118). On page 212 of the first paper the author presents, without proof, a new formulation of von Wright's M, or the modal system T of Feys (Sobociriski XIX 293), which consists of infinitely many axiom schemata, and the rule of detachment for material implication as the only primitive rule of inference. In the third paper, he gives a proof of equivalence of his formulation with von Wright's M, notes that his formulation contains an infinite number of non-independent axiom schemata, and conjectures that his infinite set of axiom schemata for M cannot be replaced by an equivalent finite set of axiom schemata if his rule is kept as the only primitive rule. Erratum. On page 212 of the first paper, in line 13 from the bottom (of text), for


The use of intraspinal narcotics represents a major advance in the management of pain of malignant origin. For patients whose pain is uncontrolled by narcotic analgesics and adjunctive drugs, a trial of intraspinal narcotics is warranted. If the patient perceives adequate pain relief, an implantable intraspinal narcotic delivery system (INDS) may be indicated. The use of epidural narcotics to treat cancer pain was first described by Behar et al. in 1979 (1). More recently, a variety of implantable INDSs have been described (Table 1) for long-term intraspinal narotic administration (2-8). Most authors agree on the need for a preimplantation trial of intraspinal narcotics, but no mention is made of any patient selection process. We wish to describe the selection process that we have used prior to implanting one particular INDS, type I11 INDS, in 35 patients, and to review the factors that must be evaluated when considering a patient for an INDS. As with any pain management procedure, appropriate patient selection is crucial to ensure a successful outcome. The first factor to consider when selecting a patient for implantation of an INDS is whether intraspinal narcotics adequately relieve the patient's pain. Not all pain is relieved by intraspinal narcotic (9-11). For this reason, an implantable INDS should never be implanted without first verifying the ability of intraspinal narcotics to relieve the patient's pain on at least two occasions. Failure to do so could subject the patient to implantation of a delivery system that fails to achieve the desired results-namely pain relief.


The growing use of information technology in sensitive daily transactions highlights the significance of information security to protect information assets. Vulnerabilities associated with public and private transactions pose challenges that government, private organizations, and individuals are compelled to respond to by adopting appropriate protection measures. Information security responds to the need of transacting parties for confidentiality, integrity, and availability of resources (Pfleeger, 2000). Information security is required in transactions carried out among, businesses, public administrations, and citizens. An organizational response to information security threats includes setting up and implementing appropriate policy frameworks that are typically endorsed by agreement. Beyond organizational objectives lies an emerging legal framework instigated by the role of information security as a means to safeguard information assets that are socially significant. Organizations are often required to implement information security measures mandated by industry regulations or legislation, such as in electronic banking transactions. The scope of these legal and regulatory requirements is to mitigate potential risk that entails liabilities for shareholders, employees, customers, trading partners, or other third parties involved in a transaction. Information security and its subsequent regulation are equally important for public services. In e-government services made available to citizens and businesses, information security ensures e-government transactions. The remainder of this article presents an overview of the prevailing legal and policy issues that are currently associated with information security.


Aqueous melts can be characterized as melts containing water in amount which is not sufficient to form complete hydration shells about ions. These melts contain, besides configurations corresponding to stoichiometric hydrates, also series of different clusters with lower or higher content of water. Viscosity data reveal information on structure of particles constituting solution and interactions among them. This information in connection with models used for description of molten salts helps us to understand the properties and behaviour of electrolytes in the concentration range in which their structure is determined rather by ionic interac tions disturbed by water molecules than by structure of hydrogen bridges disturbed by ionic charges [1]. The aim of this work is to elucidate the influence of the addition of further component, namely of calcium bromide, to the binary system C a ( N 0 3 ) 2 H 2 0 on viscosity of the mixture. This paper is continuation of the previous studies [2—4].


In this paper, we study a class of business cycle models related to the relationship between the gross product and the capital stock. The model is extended by adding general terms of the investment and the saving functions. In addition, a time delay which is represented an expectation and time lag for investment is also added into the model. The aim for this work is to find the sufficient conditions in which the model's solution is periodic. We study the existence of unique positive equilibrium. Next, the linearization method is used to analyze local behavior of the model. In addition, by considering time delay as a bifurcation parameter, we investigate sufficient conditions for the existence of a Hopf bifurcation of the model. Our results are applied to represent conditions for an occurrence of business cycles, which can happen in many business situations. Finally, some numerical simulations are illustrated to support our theoretical results.


Since Hodge 25 reported in 1895 the first case of splenic hemangioma successfully treated by surgical extirpation, only about 50 authentic cases have appeared in the medical literature (Table 1). Notwithstanding the rarity of this pathologic entity, hemangioma of the spleen has so consistently baffled the clinician (over 95% of the reported cases) that an attempt at clarifying its clinical course is warranted. It is the purpose of this communication to analyze the literature on this subject in an effort to formulate a recognizable clinical entity. Not only is it of academic value to diagnose the splenic hemangioma, but its recognition becomes of utmost importance in the face of the serious complications that attend this disease. Incidence Rare as it is, hemangioma is considered the commonest benign tumor to involve the spleen. 59,80 Based upon autopsy findings, the incidence of this tumor varied between 0.03% and 14%. 34,35,39,62 Splenic hemangioma


As is often the case, dumb luck prevailed. One afternoon, while visiting a booking agent, Orovitz's distinct Southern accent caught the receptionist's ear and, in a lighthearted way, the man proffered some advise. Change your name, he bantered. "Nobody can pronounce it, let alone spell it." Soon this stranger tested several linguistic variations. "Vincent Sherman," he bellowed, "Vincent Sherman— that's your name from now on." A few days later, Vincent Sherman—who happened to be in the right place at the right time—was taken on as an extra in Eugene O'Neill's new Broadway play Marco Millions, directed by Rouben Mamoulian. Next came a bit part as Claude Rains' understudy in Volpone, followed by some summer stock acting and directing. Better roles hobbled along and eventually, in 1933, with Paul Muni in the leading role, he sparkled as the young communist in Elmer Rice's Counsellor at Law. After some good notices, Universal Pictures eyed this new left-wing production and wanted to screen-test this unknown actor. Cautiously, Vincent Sherman left for Hollywood to duplicate his Broadway role. As he boarded a TWA tri-motor plane for the thirteen-hour flight, many questions abounded. Would he be happy in the balmy Southern California climate? Was the film industry part of his future? The answer to these questions was, of course, yes. As it turned out, Vincent Sherman—after a short bit as a secondary actor and script writer—was hired by Warner Bros. By 1939, following the standard apprenticeship period, he directed his first motion picture, The Return ofDr. X, a 62minute B-meller starring Humphrey Bogart and Dennis Morgan. Future assignments quickly followed: Saturday's Children, The Man Who Talked Too Much and Flight from Destiny established his directorial skill. His career was launched. Eventually, Sherman would direct thirty motion pictures—including such well-known titles as In Our Time, Mr. Skeffington, Harriet Craig, and The Young Philadelphians—and, later, expand to television movies and episodes. In 1981, he directed his last screenplay, a biography of his deceased friend, Humphrey Bogart. By all accounts, Vincent Sherman's work epitomized the heyday of the studio system—where writers, actors, and directors were considered part of the owner's stable—and his autobiography mirrors those exciting times perfectly. Written in candid, anecdotal format, Studio Affairs describes the daily vicissitudes of production company life as projected photoplays are discussed, drafted, written, and finally placed into the hands of a director, while in the backdrop, petty jealousies, back-stabbing, and rumor-mongering prevailed.


The rarefaction effect of gas flow in microchannels has been received particular attention in recent years. This paper employs TRT-LBM coupled with the effective viscosity and slip velocity boundary condition in the prediction of rarefaction in microchannels in rarefied air. The result shows that the present TRT-LBM model can satisfactorily capture the rarefaction effect in microchannels compared with the results of DSMC and MRT-LBM models.


A dispensing apparatus1comprises a housing4to receive in use a pressurised dispensing container3capable of dispensing metered doses of a product; and a dose counter20; wherein the dispensing apparatus further comprises a hydraulic system24for activating the dose counter based on movement of the received pressurised dispensing container. The pressurised dispensing container3may comprise a dispensing canister10, a metering valve12and a ferrule11. The dose counter20for counting activations of a pressurised dispensing container3may comprise a hydraulic system24; and a counter; the hydraulic system comprising a hydraulic cylinder with a primary piston25, a secondary piston26and a working fluid, wherein the secondary piston26is coupled to, or otherwise operates the counter21and the primary piston25is engaged by, fixed to, coupled to, or otherwise moved by, a pressurised dispensing container.


This report discusses two programs that exclusively attempt to reduce teenage pregnancy. The Adolescent Family Life (AFL) demonstration program was enacted in 1981 as Title XX of the Public Health Service Act, and the Abstinence Education program was enacted in 1996 as part of the welfare reform legislation.


Two solar radiation models (Duffie & Beckman and ASHRAE) were computed and evaluated on the middle area of Coastal Delta, Egypt (latitude and longitude angles are 30.49°N and 30.59°E, respectively). A comparison study of the two models was conducted using measured incident solar radiation on a horizontal plane to assess the proper model can dependable be used for different solar applications. To compute the total incident solar radiation on inclined surface, two different tilt angles (30.5° and 45.3°) were functioned all over the year. The comparison study between the two estimation models and the measured values of incident solar radiation showed that, the highest value of R2 at horizontal and tilted surface using Duffie and Beckman model. Useful heat gain for the measured solar radiation was ranged between 6.54 and 8.82 kWh and calculated solar radiation by Duffie and Beckman model, was 5.99 and 7.34 kWh and calculated solar radiation by ASHRAE model, was 6.79 and 9.0 kWh with tilt angle 30.5°. While, at tilt angle 45.3° useful heat gain for measured solar radiation was ranged between 7.89 and 9.06 kWh. The  electrical  energy  for heating domestic water ranged from 7.61 to 10.12 kWh for winter months .This study gave the best way by calculated solar radiation replacement of expensive solar radiation instruments and always it fixed in weather stations and also, this study gave an idea to use the solar water heaters for domestic purposes.


See related article on pages 160–169. Continuing his career-long focus on surgical quality improvement, Dr Robert J. Cerfolio is once again grabbing the bit and leading the charge for surgeons to systematically and deliberately evaluate surgical quality, this time focusing on robotic-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy. In the Seminars article titled "Robotic Esophagectomy for Cancer: Early Results and Lessons Learned," the authors evaluate 85 patients who underwent predominantly laparoscopic gastric conduit mobilization and tubularization with robotic-assisted thoracoscopic esophageal mobilization and anastomosis over a 4-year time frame. In contrast to many publications, the current article focuses on several quality improvement measures that were implemented over the time frame of the study in efforts to improve upon relatively high rates of 90-day mortality and anastomotic leak. To improve on patient selection preoperatively, they implemented longer rehabilitation before surgical intervention in patients with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group scores of 2 or 3 following preoperative chemotherapy or radiation or both. In those patients, operative intervention is delayed until the patient has fully recovered. Though "fully recovered" is not defined, if the patient is able to climb 28 steps without stopping, they are candidates for operation; if not, chemoradiation is used as definitive treatment. During the operative phase, in response to delayed liver failure in 2 patients, they now routinely perform laparoscopic liver biopsy in patients with a history of alcohol abuse to determine whether or not unsuspected cirrhosis is present. In response to high leak rates and leak-associated morbidity, they altered their techniques for conduit formation and the anastomosis, and began monitoring daily white blood cell counts to improve early detection of leaks. Given the small numbers of patients, it is not possible to evaluate whether these changes are effective and we will have to wait for subsequent publications. The value in the current


"Well, if I had a nickel, I know what I would do. I'd spend it all on candy and give it all to you...Cause that's how much I love you baby." That wasn't a very generous proposition even in 1946, when country singer Eddy Arnold wrote those words. But at least a nickel would buy a good-sized Baby Ruth or Clark bar. Today? A jelly bean, perhaps? The Problem with Fiat Money I don't think love has been devalued: consult pop anthropologist Lionel Tiger or maybe Lady Gaga for a more expert opinion. But we all know what has happened to the nickel. That's the problem with fiat currencies. They lose value over time, which means they fail an important requirement of money: that it serve as a reliable storehouse of wealth.


Improvements in the laying of channelizing lines of
application means such as signal transmissions, energy and
fluid conduction and other purposes, of the type that uses
high voltage aerial line systems, essentially formed by
support towers (a) of a set of high voltage conductors (b),
which, by the upper side, include a guard wire (2) laid
among the same towers; and this set of high voltage
conductors, laid among the towers at a certain height from
the ground, is arranged over the predetermined safety level
(s); and in a zone delimited at the lower side by such
safety level and inside the zone (p) protected by the guard
wire, along all the distance among the towers, a tubular
element (c) is arranged, which, laid on the same towers,
has an external metalic sheathing (4) grounded and forming
an internal longitudinal cavity that provides the
channeling unit of said application means.


This paper introduced the wildlife-associated recreations and the researches on recreations in the US by using National Survey and kinds of the research papers of Fishing,Hunting and Wildlife-associated recreation in the US,to provide the helpful information for improving the development of the ecotourism industry of the wildlife-associated recreations and improving the academic researches in our country.


Gender-based violence extends to different areas of women's lives, affecting their work activity and also influencing the Social Security benefits system, particularly a pension as feminised as the widow's pension. Changes in social customs regarding family and couple relationships have caused certain distortions in the protection of survivors, especially among women who are victims of gender-based violence. It is essential to check if we can improve the protections for them and the attention to their possible situations of need.


rience, he left in each of the haunches three cylindrical openings, from face to fke, and it is said that the intermediate spaces are filled up  with charcoal. The  bridge  was finished in 1750. The arch measures 140 feet betwixt the abutments, and has a curved line of 35 feet. The width of the sofit is 15 feet 10 inches at the springing, and 14 feet 5 inches at the crown; the width of the roadway at the crown being 1 1 feet. The preceding is accompanied with a beautiful drawing, exhibiting the elevation, plan, and section, of the bridge.


A communication system and a communication device are provided. Devices between which packets are transmitted and received include mutually corresponding packet counters. The same random number value is given to the packet counters as their initial values and the packet counters are updated with packet transmission/reception. The transmission-side device generates a MAC value, draws out part thereof on the basis of a counted value of its own packet counter, sets it as a divided MAC value, generates a packet by adding the value to a message and transmits the packet onto a network. The reception-side device generates a MAC value on the basis of the message in the received packet, draws out part thereof on the basis of a counted value of its own packet counter, compares the part with the divided MAC value in the received packet and thereby performs message authentication.


383 Background: Gene expression levels of ERCC1, TS, EGFR and VEGFR2 may have predictive value for the personalized use of standard chemotherapeutics as well as agents targeting the EGFR and VEGF pathways and the efficacy of EGFR directed monoclonal antibodies like panitumumab and cetuximab has been confirmed to be dependent on wt KRAS and wt BRAF in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. We investigated the correlations between KRAS/BRAF mutational status and the mRNA expression levels of these genes. Methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor specimens from 600 patients with advanced colorectal adenocarcinoma were microdissected and DNA and RNA was extracted. Specifically designed primers and probes were used to detect 7 different base substitutions in codon 12 and 13 of KRAS, V600E mutations in BRAF and the expression levels of ERCC1, TS, EGFR and VEGFR2 by RT-PCR. Results: Mt KRAS tumors had significantly lower TS and EGFR gene expression levels compared with wt KRAS (p<0,001), whereas mt BRAF...


A prototype system which supports thermal analysis by reasoning measurement conditions for a given sample material is described. The process of thermal analysis consists of three steps:  (1) set-up measurement conditions; (2) take measurements; and (3) analyze the measurement result. The system supports the first step of the process, which is implemented as a kind of expert system founded on case-based reasoning, giving a solution to a new problem by retrieving a similar past case solved successfully and by modifying the case to fit the problem. A case of thermal analysis is represented from the two points of view, that is, (1) sample information as a material and (2) the purpose of measurement, and the similarity between cases is defined from the two viewpoints accordingly. Case-based reasoning is employed as a reasoning framework for this problem, since the information of measurement conditions is not provided as well-formed structures and is hard to arrange.


Let T be some sublinear operator, it is proved that if T is bounded in Lebesgue spaces , then it is bounded in Morrey spaces . The operators include many important operators .


Catalytic reactions that lead to functionally dense intermediates are of great value in target-oriented synthesis. We are particularly interested in allenyl carbonyls and their synthetic utilization, given their unique juxtaposition of functional groups, including the reactively distinct cumulated double bonds. As part of our ongoing efforts on the total synthesis of vitisinol D, an antithrombotic natural product, we required a general and robust method for the preparation of γ-carbinol allenoates as a multifunctional coupling partner for maximal convergency. A review of existing methods, including those developed in our laboratory, revealed no efficient catalytic approach to the synthesis of these allenoates save Mukaiyama aldol-type reactions. Seeking a Lewis basic approach, we were intrigued by a report demonstrating an aminecatalyzed Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) coupling of an allenyl ketone to aldehydes. However, this reaction appears to work only with electron-deficient aromatic aldehydes and requires forcing conditions (DMSO, 80 °C). From a mechanistic perspective, two possible rate-limiting steps have been attributed to MBH reactions. In the context of allene synthesis, these would be the nucleophilic addition to form C and proton transfer followed by catalyst elimination to regenerate the orginal unsaturation, giving product D (Scheme 1). Neutral nucleophiles, especially tertiary amines, have been used exclusively as catalysts in this reaction, leading to zwitterionic intermediates B (where Nuc is positively charged). Probably because of their overall neutral charge, intermediates such as B have poor nucleophilicities, leading to slow addition.


The constitutive relationship of concrete in the finite element software ABAQUS was introduced,and the nonlinear finite element analysis of the middle node of frame structures under cyclic loading was carried out.Then the destruction form of the node,the various stages of development of steel stress,the node skeleton curve,and hysteresis loops were given.Comparison with the experimental data shows that the mechanical properties of concrete could be appropriately simulated by the concrete damaged plasticity model of ABAQUS,and FEM calculation results could reflect the node failure mode reasonably.Furthermore,the load feature point and skeleton curve are consistent with the experimental data.It can be concluded that under cyclic loading using ABAQUS to simulate the node behavior is feasible.


We show that the effective hyperfine interaction for heavy-hole states (or any particle described with a p-like Bloch function) can induce nontrivial dynamics of nuclear spins. Experimental evidence can be found, e.g., in self-assembled quantum dots by measuring the saturation of nuclear spin polarization with different orientations of an external magnetic field.


The invention discloses a lead-free packaging thin film bridge firer and a manufacturing method of the lead-free packaging thin film bridge firer. A lead-free packaging thin film bridge firing element (14) comprises borosilicate glass (1) containing through holes (18I, 18II) as a substrate, wherein the through holes (18I, 18II) are filled and sintered by gold conductive slurry (8), so that the through holes are metallized to form conductive through holes (11I, 11II). A thin film bridge firing element (10) is manufactured on the surface of the borosilicate glass (1) and welding areas (6I, 6II) are manufactured on the surface of the borosilicate glass (1), and surface welding areas (7I, 7II) of the borosilicate glass (1) are electrically communicated with the welding areas (6I, 6II) through the metallized through holes (11I, 11II). The welding areas (6I, 6II) of the firer (14) is mutually welded with the welding areas (12I, 12II) of the substrate (13) through a surface sticking process. The firer provided by the invention in a device in a stronger vibrating environment is higher in safety and reliability, and can be applied to ignition devices of various novel high safety initiating explosive devices.


Abstract In this paper protraction movement, namely stepping ahead, of a three joint robot leg is optimized for energy efficiency for any given pair of initial-final tip point positions. For the optimization a modified version of gradient descent based optimal control algorithm with Hamiltonian formulation is used. The objective function is modified in steps to jump over the infeasible and inefficient local optimums. The results of 79 optimizations are used to construct a radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) in order to interpolate between the optimized trajectories. The results are presented and discussed in the paper.


The present paper reviews the experimental results dedicated by the effect of the irradiation conditions by intense pulsed electron beams on crater creation taking place on the surface of EP866sh refractory steel targets. The most probable mechanisms of crater creation are also described.


CASE A 63-year-old female with insulin-dependent type II diabetes mellitus and end-stage renal disease presented to the emergency department with spontaneous blistering to the tips of her left index and middle fingers. The blisters had gradually become tense and mildly painful over the preceding 10 days. She denied burn injury, trauma, fever, or new medications. On physical exam, the patient was noted to have a tense, nontender bullae on the pad of the left middle finger, and a collapsed, hemorrhagic bullae on the left index finger. There were no signs of inflammation or infection. A radiograph of the left hand, complete blood count, and basic metabolic panel were unremarkable. The diagnosis of bullosis diabeticorum was made, and supported by a consulting endocrinologist.


Predating some notational problems of the late works, some pieces of the mid-60s by Luigi Nono reflect a critical attitude as regards the possibility of definitely fixing on a score the results of a close collaboration with specific performers.


Background: High rates of psychiatric comorbidity are subject of debate: to what extent do they depend on classification choices such as diagnostic thresholds? This paper investigates the influence of different thresholds on rates of comorbidity between major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Methods: Point prevalence of comorbidity between MDD and GAD was measured in 74,092 subjects from the general population (LifeLines) according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) criteria. Comorbidity rates were compared for different thresholds by varying the number of necessary criteria from ≥1 to all 9 symptoms for MDD, and from ≥1 to all 7 symptoms for GAD. Results: According to DSM-thresholds, 0.86% had MDD only, 2.96% GAD only and 1.14% both MDD and GAD (odds ratio (OR) 42.6). Lower thresholds for MDD led to higher rates of comorbidity (1.44% for ≥4 of 9 MDD-symptoms, OR 34.4), whereas lower thresholds for GAD hardly influenced comorbidity (1.16% for ≥3 of 7 GAD-symptoms, OR 38.8). Specific symptom distributions explained this finding: 37.3% of subjects with core criteria of MDD and GAD reported subthreshold MDD symptoms, whereas only 7.6% reported subthreshold GAD symptoms. Conclusions: Lower thresholds for MDD increased comorbidity with GAD, but not vice versa, owing to specific symptom distributions in the population. Generally, comorbidity rates result from both empirical symptom distributions and classification choices and cannot be reduced to either of these exclusively. This insight invites further research into the formation of disease concepts that allow for reliable predictions and targeted therapeutic interventions.


This chapter is built on a broad view of "individual assessment" relative to its use in industrial and organizational settings. In constructing our treatment, we address historical, theoretical, as well as practical issues surrounding assessments in work settings. Specifically, we highlight the multiple purposes, the types of factors measured, the approaches used, and the role that assessment must play to ensure business success. While the skills and techniques involved in workplace assessments would be familiar to most psychologists, the application of the former must be sensitive and appropriate to particular work-context realities. Therefore, our treatment of assessment is embedded within a broader discussion of the business and technical considerations inherent in the workplace. We begin the chapter with a brief historical introduction to the role and development of assessments in work settings, including a discussion of purposes for, attributes of, and approaches to assessment. Following this, attention is given to the technical implementation of assessments, the focus of those assessments, and the major tools used to conduct these assessments. Finally, we conclude our chapter with an examination of the major issues surrounding contemporary assessment in work settings such as business necessity, social policy, and technical/professional concerns.

Keywords:

employee appraisal;
executive coaching;
personnel selection;
promotion criteria;
psychological assessment;
training needs assessment


Prediction of light distribution in random medium is still an unsolved problem. Although the Monte Carlo method can deal with medium with inhomogeneous and anisotropic optical properties, the long calculating time makes it hard to be applied clinically. This paper presents a block method, by which the target medium is divided into many small cubic blocks. The absorptances and transmittances of these small cubes are pre-calculated by the Monte Carlo method. The light propagation in the random medium is simulated by calculating the light transmission between these small cubes. With this method, the distribution of light absorption in target medium can be determined within one minute even in a personal computer. As an example, the distribution of light absorption in a tumor surrounded by normal tissue is shown.


Intelligence report to Captain W. P. Gannaway through Lt. Jack Revill listing names, addresses and phone numbers of associates of Jack Ruby.


Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes of general composition ML2X2 (M = Co(II), Ni(II); X = Cl−, ) were synthesized by the condensation of metal salts with semicarbazone/thiosemicarbazone derived from 2-acetyl coumarone. The ligands and metal complexes were characterized by NMR, elemental analysis, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility measurements, IR, and atomic absorption spectral studies. On the basis of electronic, molar conductance and infrared spectral studies, the complexes were found to have square planar geometry. The Schiff bases and their metal complexes were tested for their antibacterial and antioxidant activities.


The construction industry is rapidly changing. The forces driving these changes are largely technological. Consequently there is a strong need to utilize and harness the technology that is now available to business and the individual. The construction industry has realised the potential benefits of information and communication technology (ICT) compared with other industries. The aim of this report is to identify technology issues and processes that could lead to more effective use of technology mediated communications, integration and decision support in the construction industry, particularly within project teams.
Background
The advent of new technologies, specifically communication and information technologies (ICT), brings with it demand by clients for organisations to provide better service. In accordance with this trend, essentially project success relies on the effective implementation and utilisation of these technologies for the benefit of the organisation, the client, the project and the individual.
Such a statement belies the complexity of the problem, however it does identify the key players and the crux of the problem; effective and timely communication of relevant information. The perspective adopted for this report is that of "people and process". By this, we refer to the individuals that participate in any project and the processes necessary for the timely completion of a given project. From this perspective, four key issues were identified from the literature. They are:
• Constructability
• Project Team Dynamics
• Knowledge Management
• Information Visualisation
Constructability
Constructability, at first, does not appear to be as relevant as the other areas identified. However, McGeorge and Palmer (1997) identified it as the only management concept developed by the construction industry for the construction industry. The alleged difference between constructability and other management techniques relevant to construction arises from the separation of the design and construction processes. This different led to various communication, cooperation and coordination issues.
Project Team Dynamics
A key factor in the achievement of successful project outcomes is the nature of the relationships between members of the project teams. Systems have been developed to measure the performance of individuals and projects, but research into project team dynamics, relating to the construction industry, is limited. Much was published on relationships between project participants, initially prompted by issues such as alternative procurement systems, but of late this has developed into areas relating to partnering, strategic alliances and supply chain management. One outcome has been the realization that different participants play in different projects and furthermore that these relationships change from project to project. Therefore there is a huge scope for addressing the changing types and channels of communication with projects and between projects for participants.
Knowledge Management
Knowledge management is the collection of processes that govern the creation, dissemination and utilisation of knowledge (Newman, 1991, pg3). This knowledge irrespective of content requires management if an organisation is to operate to its potential. For effective communication, an important step is the timely and efficient management of information in its various forms. Communication is an aspect of knowledge, but knowledge is not always found in communication. Effective capture of the knowledge found in communication has the potential to aid current and future business processes and transactions. The presentation of this knowledge and information becomes the next task for the ICT aware project or organisation.
Information Visualisation
A form of information management that aids the retrieval of complex project information from a project lifecycle is an information visualisation tool. Such tools can retrieve complex information and generate a visual representation of the results, offering insightful possibilities or options, as a means to foster further exploration of data. Such a tool would incorporate methods such as knowledge discovery, and data mining.
Information visualisation is a way to reveal insights about information by visual interpretation. It is intended to 'optimize the use of our perceptual and visual- thinking ability in dealing with phenomenon that might not lend itself to visual-spatial representations (Chen, 2002)'. Visualisation tools have been developed in the areas of virtual environments, interactive data exploration and multidimensional analysis. These tools are used to display the current and future capabilities of information visualisation.
Information visualisation aims at reducing the 'complexity of examination and understanding of information for humans, by designing proper techniques for the visual display of data (Chittaro, 2001)'. These techniques also aim to achieve a number of goals:
1. Allowing users to explore data at various levels of abstraction
2. Giving users a greater sense of engagement with data
3. Giving users a deeper understanding of data
4. Encouraging the discovery of details and relations which would be difficult to notice
otherwise
5. Supporting the recognition of relevant patterns by exploiting the visual recognition
capabilities of users.
Therefore the benefits of information visualisation are clear within the communication context; it aims to present complex information in a manner that is compatible to the individual the data.


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 Abstract This article seeks to address the topic of metaphor in relation to the nineteen two-reel short films Buster Keaton made between 1920 and 1923. These films are characterized by a comedy of aesthetics and kinetics whereby the themes come across primarily visually through aspects of film style and Keaton's body as opposed to narrative. It is our claim that within these confinements of the imagery metaphor plays a crucial role in transferring thought and thematic meaning. In demonstrating this claim we shall fall back on recent developments within metaphor studies, in particular Forceville's newly introduced concept of multimodal metaphor which shall allow us to grasp the significant role of the body in identifying metaphor. Resume Le present article s'interroge sur la question de la metaphore dans les 19 courts metrages que Buster Keaton realisa entre 1920 et 1923. Ces films comiques mettent l'accent sur l'esthetique et le corps en mouvement. Les themes sont rendus visuellement par le style filmique et le corps de Keaton, et beaucoup moins par la narration. Notre analyse permet de conclure que la metaphore joue un role crucial dans le transfert de pensee et de signification thematique. Pour etayer cette conclusion nous faisons appel aux developpements recents dans les etudes des metaphores, notamment au concept de metaphore multimodale. Ce concept a ete introduit par Forceville. Il nous permet de saisir le role important joue par le corps keatonien dans l'identification de la metaphore.


. Kinetic instabilities in a dense plasma of a continuous ECR discharge in a mirror magnetic trap at the GISMO setup are studied. We experimentally define unstable regimes and corresponding plasma parameters, where the excitation of electromagnetic emission is observed, accompanied by the precipitation of energetic electrons from the magnetic trap. Comprehensive experimental study of the precipitating electron energy distribution function and plasma electromagnetic emission spectra, together with theoretical estimates of the cyclotron instability increment proves that under the experimental conditions the observed instability is related to the excitation of whistler-mode waves, which are a driver of losses of energetic electrons from the magnetic trap. The results of this study are important for the further development of the GISMO ECRIS facility and for the improvement of its parameters as an ion source. Also, this research of plasma kinetic instabilities is of fundamental interest and provides experimental tools to simultaneously study plasma electromagnetic activity and corresponding changes in a resonant electron energy distribution function.


The influence of several garniture upon the resistance to slag erosion and the heat shock stability of the magnesia based refractory. It was expatiated from the paper that the zirconic magnesitic brick,which is made from magnesitic material and more or less 10% zircite,having the srtong heat shock stability,the strong resistance against the eroding from alkaline slag,and the strong resistance against desquamating,is a good kind of carbonfree-refractory for the steel ladle slag line.


About 65 diverse phenyl benzoates incorporating a trans-1,4-disubstituted cyclohexane ring and at least one lateral substituent have been synthesised. The dependence of the liquid-crystal transition temperatures of these materials on various lateral substituents (F, Cl, CN, and Br) in different positions of the esters has been investigated systematically. The influence of up to four F-atoms in various positions of a standard ester has been thoroughly studied and the optimum combination for a broad smectic C mesomorphic range established. In consequence, three homologous series incorporating the 4-alkoxy-2,3-difluorobenzoic-acid moiety were prepared. An additional CC bond was introduced into the alkyl chain attached to the cyclohexane ring of some of these esters and the resulting modifications of the transition temperatures determined. Three ester series incorporating a lateral substituent and the optically active (+)-(S)-(1-methylheptyl)oxy substituent have also been synthesised, and similar effects have been observed. These materials can be used as important components of commercial chiral smectic C mixtures for electro-optic display device applications.


The invention discloses a cytokine multiple detection method based on dual coding and monomolecular counting. The method is characterized in that a first antibody is fixed on a same glass substrate, through interaction of antigen-antibodies, the target objects can be respectively fixed; simultaneously, a secondary antibody and a first coding strand are modified on magnetic nano-particles to obtain a magnetic nano probe; then specific binding effect between the secondary antibody and antigen is used, the magnetic nano probe is fixed on a substrate to form an immune complex having a sandwich structure, the first coding strand on the magnetic nano probe is taken as an amplification unit to trigger a multi-branches hybridization chain reaction, and a double-chain structure having multiple branches; the branched chain is a secondary coding strand; finally, the secondary coding strand and a polymolecule-labeled fluorescence probe are combined, an enhanced fluorescence signal is generated, and quantification on the target object is carried out by counting the amount of phosphor dots. The method realizes multiple and sensitive detection for cytokine, and a detection limit of two target objects is 5fM.


Ghewar, a traditional Indian sweet, prepared from refined wheat flour and deep fat fried has honey-comb structure, porous texture and sweetened with sugar syrup. It is famous in northern region of India and given as a token of gift in the rainy season festivals like teej, rakshabandhan, janmashtami etc. A survey was conducted on ghewar, manufacturing process opted by different sweetmeat shops (n=14) to explore this product and reported with the help of a questionnaire (a pre-tested, nondisguised and open-ended question). From the survey, it was revealed that the basic raw materials used in the ghewar production are refined wheat flour, sugar, clarified butter, water, milk and several toppings (such as cardamom, cashews, almonds and raisins). Ghewar prepared are of circular shape having weight of about 260-280g/piece and utilized as a sweet and gift; and packed in food grade LDPE as primary packaging and colourful cardboard box as secondary packaging which have a shelf life of about 7-9 days. The physico-chemical composition of the product varied widely among the different collected samples and was confirmed with the FTIR analysis of the samples too by the variation in the area and presence of new peaks. Due to seasonal and geographically availability only, valuable research could be gained through this survey.


Once the contemporaneity of the 1969 novel Slaughterhouse-Five by American writer Kurt Vonnegut is established, the text outlines the narrative strategies, the stylistic preferences and the peculiar techniques of wording that, together, build up the author's distinctive  individual style nowadays so frequently associated to him. The study also highlights his incomparable sense of humor, his sagacity and satiric wit, as the foremost elements of creation that provide unique hue to his stories. Finally, metatextual instances are selected for investigation as well as his atypical fictional technique referred here as space-temporal dislocation.


Therapeutic digital games are able to conceal therapeutic tasks behind a fantasy world, and thus increase patient motivation and adherence to therapies. The design of this category of games differs from others since it requires an understanding of the domain of therapy that has to be addressed, as well as the necessary knowledge of game development. Research in the literature has highlighted that there is a lack of a formal approach that can allow a multidisciplinary team to be involved in the design of this category of games. This paper adopts a semio-participatory approach to the design of therapeutic digital games, which includes a multidisciplinary team and supports the different profiles of professionals who take part in the whole design process. The approach, called SemTh, was based on a) data from the literature, b) reports of the experiences of professionals who have designed therapeutic games and c) an evaluation of researchers in the areas of computation and health. SemTh was used to devise a therapeutic game for children diagnosed with cancer. The approach was evaluated by the professionals involved in the process of game construction and obtained positive results, mainly with regard to understanding the domain, the needs of the target users and the therapeutic aspects of the game.


Surface impressions are the starting point of my ceramic expression. I enjoy the look and feel of impressed texture. Texture is tactile and solid - a physical presence that my eyes and fingertips can interact with. Clay allows me to capture what I see and touch in life and to apply these sensory reactions into my ceramics. To create these, I use printing plates from newspapers, advertisements and my own custom plates. These words and images are layered to build a narrative and create a multi-dimensional message.


The constitution of Brefeldin A, a mold metabolite from Penicillium brefeldianum DODGE, has been elucidated as 1 by chemical degradation.


Semantically, the AxPart takes the set of spatial points occupied by the ground object and maps it to the set of points corresponding to the axial part. The Place function then gives the vectors 'projecting' outward from this part. This influential analysis has been applied to a range of languages and constructions (Pantcheva 2006, Muriungi 2006, Svenonius 2006, 2010, Fábregas 2007, Takamine 2007, Botwinik-Rotem 2008, Roy and Svenonius 2009, Romeu 2014, etc.). Svenonius shows that the AxPart front can be distinguished from the noun front. In contrast to the DP in in the front of the car, the AxP in in front of the car resists determination, pluralization, modification, pronominalization, and extraction. 1 For Svenonius this is evidence for a purely functional status of AxParts. In this paper, we will show that an analysis of AxParts as functional heads creates more problems than it solves. We offer a more general and more natural analysis of AxParts as members of a larger class of weak nouns (along with the nouns of PPs like in bed).


Abstract Continuous culture fermentations were conducted to determine the base requirement of eight individual grains and five forages. Feeds varied widely in the amounts of base required, from —.64 to 3.12 eq base/kg dry matter, to maintain pH at 6.5 during fermentation. Base requirements of four mixtures of feeds were 1.28, 1.27, 1.72, and 1.30 eq/kg for a corn silage + grain mix, hay crop silage + grain mix, corn + soybean meal mix, and alfalfa + corn mix. Base requirements predicted for these mixes from weighted base requirements of each component agreed fairly well with actual requirements. Base requirements of individual feeds then were related to feed analyses by stepwise regressions. Crude protein and acid detergent fiber contents of feeds were most closely correlated with base requirements and predictions from the regression equation were 1.14, 1.20, 1.76, and 1.33 for the four mixes. Prediction of base requirements was not improved by including fermentation data. Crude protein and acid detergent fiber may be useful for predicting buffer requirements of forage-grain diets; however, the relationship between these in vitro results and in vivo response requires further evaluation.


HDL mimetic peptides hold promise for the treatment of cardio-metabolic diseases. Transient increases in plasma TG and/or safety concerns may limit their therapeutic applications however, particularly in high risk patients with hypertriglyceridemia and diabetes. Presently, we sought to identify peptide structural features responsible for these adverse effects. The single helix peptide ATI-5261 was used as a model, since it forms a class A α-helix like many HDL mimetic peptides and has exceptional secondary structure and solubility. High dose ip injection (300 mg/kg) of ATI-5261 induced muscle toxicity in C57Bl/6 mice vs. vehicle (serum CPK@4 h = 32,314±2359 vs 143±44 IU/L), increased ALT and AST activities (233±10 & 4595±933 vs 26±6 & 84±21 IU/L) and elevated plasma TG (1951±77 vs 37±7 mg/dl). A majority (~90%) of the cytotoxicity and TG increase was eliminated by removing phenylalanine residues from the apolar face of ATI-5261. Similar results were obtained by removing cationic arginine residues from the lipid-water interface. Thus both features were necessary, but each not sufficient, to induce cytotoxicity and TG elevations. Based on this, a peptide (CS6253) was created that was non-toxic (no adverse effect level >500 mg/kg; t1/2 =7.0±0.6 h in rats), retained secondary structure (75±5% α-helicity), high solubility and ability to stimulate ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux efficiently (Km=0.80±0.40 vs. 0.86±0.25 μg/ml ATI-5261). In vivo CS6253 was TG neutral, promoted macrophage RCT, and reduced (32%) substantial atherosclerosis in apoE KO mice fed western diet 10 wks (lesion area = 22±4 vs. 15±2% with 30 mg CS6253/kg, ip injection every 48 h for 6 wks, p<0.01) and improved glucose - and insulin- tolerance tests with lowering of HbA1c levels in C57Bl/6 mice fed high-fat diet (DIO model). In summary, the cytotoxic and TG elevating effects of high-dose ATI-5261 were dependent on class A α-helix structure. CS6253 with its improved safety margin represents a novel ABCA1 ligand peptide with potential to treat diabetes and associated cardiovascular disease.


An associative memory with parallel architecture is presented. The neurons are modelled by perceptrons having only binary, rather than continuous valued input. To store m elements each having n features, m neurons each with n connections are needed. The n features are coded as an n-bit binary vector. The weights of the n connections that store the n features of an element has only two values -1 and 1 corresponding to the absence or presence of a feature. This makes the learning very simple and straightforward. For an input corrupted by binary noise, the associative memory indicates the element that is closest (in terms of Hamming distance) to the noisy input. In the case where the noisy input is equidistant from two or more stored vectors, the associative memory indicates two or more elements simultaneously. From some simple experiments performed on the human memory and also on the associative memory, it can be concluded that the associative memory presented in this paper is in some respect more akin to a human memory than a Hopfield model.


A communications system is described wherein consensual push of services from radio beacons (30, 32, 33) to a user's portable device (14) is enabled. The consent process comprises a user registering the portable device (14) at a registration beacon (30) to consent to data delivery from other relevant beacons (32, 33) in a network. The registration beacon (30) has a broadcast range which is constrained within, and highlighted to a user as, an indicated interaction zone (16). The range is preferably constrained and highlighted using electromagnetic shielding (18), or by using a directional antenna, or a combination of both. In use, the user must position their portable device (14) within the indicated interaction zone (16) to register for service delivery.


Discloses a system and method for performing link setup and authentication. The first method uses unprotected association request including the access point and associated nonce (the ANonce) response. The second method includes receiving a second link using a first ANonce during a first ANonce for use in establishing a second link establishment. A third method of using the temporary key to secure the association request. ANonce fourth method includes generating a seed based on ANonce received from the access point to the mobile device.


Nucleotide sequences disclosed new isolated polynucleotide comprising a pyripyropene A encoding proteins involved in the biosynthesis of at least one polypeptide; discloses a recombinant vector comprising said polynucleotide comprises the polynucleotide and a transformant . The present invention provides for the production of new pyripyropene analog, improvement in productivity of a pyripyropene A-producing bacterium, a microbial pesticide prepared, and resistance to pests of plants create pyripyropene A biosynthetic gene. FERM BP-11133 20081009


The satisfactory performance of a machine is concerned with its installation, i.e., with a well-designed foundation and soil investigation. The vibration amplitude of the machine-foundation system must be kept under permissible values generally specified by the machine's manufacturers and natural frequencies must be determined to avoid resonance. There may be situations when amplitudes of the machine may be within the acceptable limits for satisfactory machine operation but the vibrations may affect other machines around, be harmful to adjacent structures and precision equipment and annoying to persons. Here in will be shown how to predict in a simple way the effect of the vibration due to the machine operation on its vicinity considering the foundation as a vibration source on the surface of an elastic medium. All machines generated unbalanced dynamic loads (forces and moments) that induce vibrations. These dynamic loads are caused by machine operation condition such as wear, imbalance, misalignment, etc, and must be kept under a safety limit by the maintenance personal for the satisfactory operation of the entire plant. Another machine's vibration problem is caused by resonance. The resonance condition is reached when one or more frequencies of the exciting loads are near or equal to any of the natural frequencies of the machine-foundation-soil system. Unfortunately the resonance problem can't be readily solved because a structural modification will be necessary to bring the vibration level to accepted values. The vibration generated by the machine operation condition is then transmits through the soil by the block foundation what may affect the vicinity in a bad way. A vibrating footing is then a source of wave generation in the soil. Herein the response of a block foundation embedded in the soil and excited by a vertical harmonic load will be outlined and used to predict vibration response of the foundation. Also the problem of the vibration propagation through the soil due to concentrated dynamic load acting on the soil surface will be treated to estimated the decrease in amplitude of the vibration with distance from the source and to evaluated the effects of the vibration on the performance of other equipments in the vicinity and structures around. 2. Vibration Propagation Through the Soil Due to Periodic Concentrated Load The problem of the surface wave propagation in an elastic medium (elastic half-space) was first studied by Lord Rayleigh (1885) and is known as the Rayleigh wave. Later Lamb (1904) studies the response of the medium as it was excited by oscillating vertical force or pulse loading acting at a point or along a line on the surface and within the body. See fig. (1). Lamb's solutions for calculation of vertical surface displacement at a distance r from the concentrated dynamic load on the surface of the medium may be written as following,


The English Mission Church at Protea Village. Villagers working at night helped to build it more than 50 years ago.


Different active layer thicknesses for zinc oxide (ZnO) bottom-contact thin-film transistors (TFTs) were fabricated with a poly-4-vinyphenol polymeric dielectric using injector type atomic layer deposition. The properties of the ZnO TFTs were influenced by the active thickness and width-to-length (W/L) ratio of the device. The threshold voltage of ZnO TFTs shifted positively as the active layer thickness decreased, while the subthreshold slope decreased. The W/L ratio of ZnO TFTs also affected the mobility and subthreshold slope. An optimized TFT structure exhibited an on-tooff current ratio of above 106 with solid saturation.


B., D., M. A general catch comparison method for multi-gear trials: application to a quad-rig trawling fishery for Nephrops . – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 74: 1458–1468. Expeditious uptake of quad-rig trawling in the economically important Irish fishery for Nephrops norvegicus outpaced technical understanding of this newly introduced gear. The main driver for its introduction is increased catch rates of Nephrops . Higher Nephrops discard rates associated with quad-rig trawling are likely to be problematic under the landing obligation unless size selectivity can be improved. Catch comparison methods are suitable for assessing the performance of fishing gear modifications to reduce discards. Utilizing a quad-rig potentially increases the number of gears that can be included in a catch comparison study to four but current modeling methods are limited to two gears. Our study provides a new general multinomial mixed effects modeling framework that can be applied to two or more gears, elucidates how case-specific and choice-specific covariates may influence catch at length, and facilitates discussion on appropriate gear based management measures. Application of the method to catches from four different cod-end mesh sizes revealed significant effects of carapace length, catch weight and net position, on the numbers of Nephrops retained in each cod-end. Results suggest that management measures which specifically address different catch profiles associated with different numbers of trawling rigs are required to optimize Nephrops size selectivity.


The demonstration of slow, fast, and stopped light1 has helped generate considerable interest in quantum interference effects. In addition to producing intriguing physical phenomena, these effects will be valuable for future optical communications. Buffers using slow-light modules will be important elements in alloptical data networks. Cryptography systems may also be expected to use quantum interference effects for photon creation and detection. But if slow-light buffers and quantum cryptography are to be practical in real-world applications, wemust create miniaturized, stand-alone quantum interference modules. This is the aim of research involving on-chip atomic vapor cells integrated with optical waveguides Slow-light effects are a product of a medium with large, frequency-dependent gain or absorption features that then give rise to large dispersion characteristics. Our work employs quantum interference effects in atomic vapor to create large dispersion. At present, atomic vapor can provide excellent dispersion characteristics, but it usually requires a large system footprint. In classical optical setups, which beam a laser through a transparent vapor cell, there is also a constant trade-off between focal depth and beamwidth. By using on-chip hollow-core optical antiresonant reflecting optical waveguides (ARROWs), we are able to direct light down vapor-filled cores, maintaining large optical intensities over long distances. This is particularly beneficial for nonlinear optical effects that can be exploited for single-photon generation and detection. In addition, ARROW-based platforms also require only a small footprint (1×1cm). ARROWs are constructed by growing alternating layers of silicon oxide and silicon nitride around a sacrificial core on a silicon wafer. The alternating dielectric materials with specific thicknesses confine and guide light through antiresonance. After etching out the sacrificial core, we are left with a hollow channel into which we can introduce various gases and liquids for optical experiments. Solid waveguides etched into the silicon on Figure 1. A rubidium (Rb)-loaded ARROW atomic vapor cell.


In the context of the available data on the history of Orthodoxy in the north and northeast of China, the article provides new information characterizing various aspects of the existence and activity of the Orthodox Church in the early 1930s. This time was quite difficult for Russian emigrants in the territories under consideration. They were the main bearers of Orthodoxy. The research uses general scientific methods of collecting, analyzing and synthesizing material, which is especially important when working with sources, as well as special methods of historical cognition. The chronological method made it possible to characterize events in their sequence, the comparative historical method made it possible to compare facts and phenomena in different time periods. The main conclusion of the study was the observation that at the time under consideration, the conditions of existence of representatives of the Orthodox community in the region were complicated by a number of factors. These are punitive campaigns to the places of their residence of the Red Army detachments, the establishment of the puppet regime of the state of Manchukuo, the strongest flood in Harbin. This led to the closure of a number of Orthodox churches and a significant outflow of parishioners. The article is based on little-known and unknown archival documents, which, in some cases, repeat the information found in publications, while in some cases they give completely new, previously unknown facts. A series of events in the early 1930s led to the fact that a significant part of the representatives of the Russian emigration ‒ Orthodox for the most part, left the region, going further into China, and then beyond its borders. This, in turn, led to a reduction in the number of Orthodox believers, the income of priests fell, churches began to close.


Four years ago in this journal, in 2000, Sheila Bentley of Bentley Consulting considered ways she perceived listening would differ in the 21st century. This article picks up that conversation, looking at undercurrents in business communication today. It also gives attention to the effect on government communication decisions of the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center in New York City on Sept. 11, 2001.


Room temperature amplified spontaneous emission at mid-IR has been observed from optically pumped GeSn waveguides on Si. For higher pump power, emission spectrum indicates the direct band to indirect band emission intensity ratio increases and the peak value increases nonlinearly due to the material gain.


Fatigue is a status of human brain activities, and driving fatigue detection is a topic of great interest all over the world. In this paper, we propose a measure of fatigue produced by eye tracking glasses, and use it as the ground truth to evaluate driving fatigue detection algorithms. Particularly, PERCLOS, which is the percentage of eye closure over the pupil over time, was calculated from eyelid movement data provided by eye tracking glasses. Experiments of a vigilance task were carried out in which both EOG signals and eyelid movement were recorded. The evaluation results of an effective EOG-based fatigue detection algorithm convinced us that our proposed measure is an appropriate candidate for evaluating driving fatigue detection algorithms.


In this paper we consider two conjectures of H.M. Mulder [M] and give partial solutions for them. First we prove that a triangle free superspherical graph is interval regular provided it satisfies an additional (not too strong) condition. Furthermore, we show that a spherical interval regular graph is interval monotone.


Several strains of Lactobacillus casei of different origins were compared and it was observed that lactose metabolism varied from one strain to the other. Certain strains contained a β-galactosidase, others a β-phosphogalactosidase and others contain both. It was shown that the activities present in these last strains are catalyzed by two proteins differing in their electrophoretic mobilities and Mr values. Genetic divergence of the studied strains is considered.


This paper reports some preliminary results concerning robustness properties of adaptive control systems to unmodeled dynamics and bounded disturbances. The analysis is conducted from the viewpoint of input/output stability theory. Generic representations are proposed for both continuous-time and discrete-time adaptive systems and conditions for stability and robustness are developed for each case. These conditions require varying degrees of a priori knowledge about the plant, e.g., global conditions involving minimal knowledge and local conditions involving more restrictive assumptions.


For a pure electron plasma in a sufficiently strong magnetic field, there is a many‐electron adiabatic invariant which constrains the collisional dynamics. For the case of a uniform magnetic field, the adiabatic invariant is the total kinetic energy associated with the electron velocity components that are perpendicular to the magnetic field (i.e., ∑j mv2j⊥ /2). Were the adiabatic invariant an exact constant of the motion, no exchange of energy would be possible between the parallel and the perpendicular degrees of freedom, and the plasma could acquire and maintain two different temperatures, T∥ and T⊥. However, an adiabatic invariant is not strictly conserved. In the present case, each collision produces an exponentially small exchange of energy between the parallel and the perpendicular degrees of freedom, and these act cumulatively in such a way that T∥ and T⊥ relax to a common value. This paper provides a calculation of the equipartition rate.


Yet they undercut their position by beginning the chapter with a lengthy description of the many criticisms of civil juries in the United States, which they then have to try to refute. The two succeeding chapters, on the global proliferation of lay participation systems and on civil jury trials in Okinawa, are interesting in their own right. They are rather weak as support for extending lay participation in Japan to civil trials, however. Of the many nations they discuss that have instituted lay participation systems in the past few decades, virtually all include only criminal cases, and none has instituted an all-citizen civil jury. And in the decade Okinawa held jury trials, there evidently were only four civil trials. In the fi nal substantive chapter, the authors utilize the Fukushima nuclear disaster and subsequent civil lawsuits and criminal complaints against Tokyo Electric Power Company (operator of the nuclear power plant), nuclear power plant manufacturers, and the Japanese government to demonstrate what they characterize as the inadequacies in the existing system for holding business and government offi cials accountable, as well as the potential for civil juries to ensure such accountability. Here again, the case studies of the legal claims arising out of the nuclear disaster are interesting and valuable in their own right. Yet, while advocating adoption of the civil jury in order to increase liability for businesses and government offi cials may appeal to some members of the general public, that strategy does not strike me as a recipe for political success.


ABSTRACT Two types of batch studies, the Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) and the Anaerobic Toxicity Assay (ATA), were performed on ozonated and unozonated 2,4-dinitrophenol to evaluate the anaerobic biodegradability and toxicity of this refractory priority pollutant induced by ozone. Both acetic acid and phenol supplemented cultures were used to allow an independent evaluation of toxicity toward the specific bacterial groups in a mixed methanogenic culture. The ozonation products were well biodegradable to methane after about 80% COD reduction was achieved by ozonation. However, the toxicity of ozonation products to the methanogenic culture was reduced as ozone doses were increased. The toxicity of ozonation products formed with 40 - 60% COD reduction decreased rapidly independent of both the pH during the ozonation reaction and the substrate used in the ATA tests.


A major challenge of today's standards-based assessment movement targets the need to address and improve the achievement of struggling readers. As teacher education programs must prepare content teachers to address the challenges of teaching students who lack reading skills, we need to prepare out pre-service teachers to help students make meaning while reading any text. To accomplish such a goal, comprehension instruction must be explicit, direct, and effective. As VanDeWeghe (2004b) notes, even though students may still need development as readers at the secondary level, there may be confusion surrounding where reading instruction is addressed in the secondary curriculum. After talking with our cooperating teachers and tracking student teaching performances of our secondary English candidates, we believed that our pre-service teachers needed more effective preparation. To present important content conceptualizations, we realized our preservice teachers must explicitly teach and use comprehension strategies with multiple texts at varying levels of difficulty. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the pilot of Gettysburg College's redesign and implementation of a reading apprenticeship model developed in collaboration with two practicing secondary English teachers. After field testing at the secondary level, the model was transported to the college level for preparing secondary English pre-service teachers. [excerpt] Required Publisher's Statement Original version is available from the publisher at: http://ksrapa.org/?page_id=853 This article is available at The Cupola: Scholarship at Gettysburg College: http://cupola.gettysburg.edu/edfac/16


INTRODUCTION Establishing something new is the essence of product innovation. Since this process necessarily involves risk, early risk identification and management is required by innovative firms. So the purpose of this paper is to explore methods for managing risk in innovation projects. To begin with the proposal method for managing risk in specific kinds of innovation will be explained. In the next section, definition of innovation and different types of innovation are described. Moreover, different stages of innovation are presented. Section three illustrates the definition of risk, sources of risk, and risk management systems. Section four states the methodology of this research. Section five explains the proposal method for managing risk in innovation projects and includes an example, and section six concludes this paper. Innovation Innovation is the main source of economic growth (Mokyr, 2002) and a key source of new employment opportunities, as well as providing potential for realizing environmental benefits (Foxona et al., 2005). One of the most important arguments is that in a global economy where economic actions can be more cheaply carried out in low-wage economies such as China, the main way in which the other economies can compete and survive is to find new and better products and processes; in other words, to innovate (Storey & Salaman, 2005). According to the Oxford Dictionary of Economics, "innovation refers to the economic application of a new idea. Product innovation involves a new or modified product; process innovation involves a new or modified way of making a product" (Black, 1997). According to Afuah (2003), innovation is the employing of new knowledge to provide a new product or service that customers want. In another words, it is invention + commercialization. Van de Ven (1986) describes innovation in terms of a new idea, which may be a recombination of old ideas, a plan that challenges the present order, a formula, or an exclusive method which is perceived as new by the involved individuals. The literature provides different categories of innovation classified by type, degree, competence, impact, and ownership (Narvekar & Jain, 2006). Innovation can be considered in both manufacturing and service sectors of different sizes (small, medium, and large). Although there is a difference between these two sectors, the general definition and process of innovation are the same. Services have their own characteristics different from manufacturing. For instance, services are intangible, perishable, and heterogeneous (Johne & Storey, 1997). Tidd et al. (2005) say innovation is not just about opening up new markets; it can also present new ways of serving older and established ones. They classify innovation into 4 groups (product, process, position, and paradigm)--each of which can happen along an axis, running from incremental through radical change. Incremental product innovation entails the introduction of an improved product, which, compared with its predecessor, has at least one additional desirable characteristic or is efficient with the same characteristics. In contrast, radical or fundamental product innovation takes place when a new market has opened up and the innovator begins to satisfy a hidden demand (Ferguson & Ferguson, 1994). By considering the different kinds of innovation mentioned above, for this study three dimensions were selected to classify innovation types. The first one is based on a company (manufacturing or service).The next one considers innovation based on product or service. Among different kinds of innovation which are mentioned in the literature, such as marketing, organization, position, paradigm and so on, product and process were selected. It seems, from a general point of view, that all of these different kinds of innovation can be categorized based on these two dimensions (product and process). Also, these two kinds of innovation are more common in comparison to other ones. …


The training mode of resources environment and the management of urban and rural planning is researched,so to satisfy discipline development and the social needs of specialized field.And the training mode is started out the science teaching,built the core of training manipulative ability,based on the water conservancy industry and aimed for the engineering quality.Therefore after the exploration in recent years,the students have the distinctive characteristics that can go down,eat bitterness stay down and use well.Thus the students are welcomed by the employing units.


The purpose of this chapter is to study the effect of Business Information Technology (BIT) alignment on e-Government success in developing countries and all factors affecting this alignment. Therefore, the chapter studies the multiple factors on BIT alignment, such as people, process, and organizational factors. This research discusses some of the possible factors in developing countries with the case study of Syria. Any e-Government project needs all government resources (IT, financial, and human) and not only a single organization resources in order to be able to harness the benefits from all resources to improve an organization work, and this may imply the existence of BIT alignment. Therefore, the gap between business and IT teams seems to be one of the most important factors negatively impacting the implementation of e-Government. Therefore, filling in this gap may help in avoiding the failure of eGovernment projects in developing countries in general and in Syria in particular. This case study contains an analysis of related documents and involves 20 semi-structured interviews with senior managers,


Heat productiorf and the importance of intact feathers for insulation were studied in jackass penguins Spheniscus demersus at various temperatures (5-25°C) by comparing their oxygen consumption in air and water with that of birds whose feather insulation was impaired when they were accidentally covered in partially weathered crude oil. Special attention was given to employing an experimental procedure that could relate oxygen consumption to level of activity. The mean ± SD metabolic rate recorded for normal inactive birds (188 ± 24 kJ kg-1 day-1) was the same in air and water but only 80% of the mass specific rates predicted for non-passerine birds. Wetting a bird increased the inactive rate in air 1,33 times while slow swimming in water above 10°C caused a 1,76-fold increase. At low air temperatures (5°C) postural changes and feather fluffing were associated with a very low rate of 122 ± 29 kJ kg-1 day-1, which we interpret as behavioural control of penguins over energy expenditure. Jackass penguins in s...


Algospeak refers to social media users intentionally altering or substituting words when creating or sharing online content, for example, using 'le$bean' for 'lesbian'. This study discusses the characteristics of algospeak as a computer-mediated language phenomenon on TikTok with regards to users' algorithmic literacy and their awareness of how the platform's algorithms work. We then present results from an interview study with TikTok creators on their motivations to utilize algospeak. Our results indicate that algospeak is used to oppose TikTok's algorithmic moderation system in order to prevent unjust content violations and shadowbanning when posting about benign yet seemingly unwanted subjects on TikTok. In this, we find that although algospeak helps to prevent consequences, it often impedes the creation of quality content. We provide an adapted definition of algospeak and new insights into user-platform interactions in the context of algorithmic systems and algorithm awareness.


The present invention discloses a method of using ultrasonic waves to extract taxol from the yew, Taxus which is obtained by pulverizing after drying, the powder was added to the powder 3-4 times the weight of a mixture of ethyl acetate and acetone to give a mixture of the mixture is extracted into refluxing 4-5 times to obtain extract, the extract was filtered through a column of macroporous resin, and the resulting segment paclitaxel eluting with water and ethanol, then the resulting crude taxol, after the methylene chloride was mixed with silica gel and drying the mixture with dried silica gel is loaded by the mixing column, eluting with ethyl acetate and acetone system, the resulting paclitaxel segment concentrated to dryness, then dissolved in ethanol and water, and then filtered stationary cooling crystallization and drying, to obtain the finished product paclitaxel. Using the method of the invention taxol extraction, the extraction rate of 96-99%, product purity of 94-96% paclitaxel, significant economic benefits can be obtained.


The composition range and the temperature limits for the sulfur electrolyte in sodium-sulfur battery concepts extends from the molten polysulfide phase into and through the region of molten pulse-molten sulfur phase separation, to elemental sulfur. Investigations of the thermal behavior of the sulfur electrolyte (melting-crystallizatio


Otsu's method is considered as one of the most popular thresholding method due to its simplicity. In order to increase its capabilities, one approach is to additionally use multidimensional information so that noise in images can be handled; while the other approach is to allow multilevel thresholding instead of bilevel thresholding to extract objects in the case of complex images. These two approaches distinctly offer different advantages, where real world images mostly contain both kinds of image difficulties. In this paper, we propose the use of both multidimensional information and multilevel thresholding together, so that we can efficiently cope with real world images. From the experiments, even though our method requires a bit longer execution time, the method is more resist to noise and also give better or comparable results than the others.


Gatifloxacin is a recently marketed quinolone with an enhanced activity against gram-positive bacteria compared with that of ciprofloxacin (4, 12, 13, 18). The structural differences between gatifloxacin and ciprofloxacin are substituents at the C-8 position of the quinolone nucleus (gatifloxacin, C-8-methoxy; ciprofloxacin, C-8-H) and at the C-3′ position of the piperazinyl moiety of the C-7 position (gatifloxacin, C-3′-methyl; ciprofloxacin, C-3′-H). Several studies have directed attention to substituents at the C-8 position of the quinolone nucleus (1, 2, 5-10, 14, 15, 19, 20). Introduction of the methoxy group at the C-8 position was thought to ensure potent activity against gram-positive bacteria (2, 6, 9, 20). However, there have been few studies on the effect of C-8 substituents against type II topoisomerases. Thus, to investigate the effect of the C-8 and C-3′ substituents of gatifloxacin against type II topoisomerases in Staphylococcus aureus, the activities of the quinolones AM-1121 (C-8-H, C-3′-methyl) and AM-1147 (C-8-methoxy, C-3′-H), which are structurally related to gatifloxacin,gatifloxacin, were compared with those of gatifloxacin and ciprofloxacin.

TABLE 1.

Target inhibition and antibacterial activity of gatifloxacin and its related compounds

The quinolones tested were synthesized in-house. The bacterial strain used in this study was the quinolone-susceptible clinical isolate S. aureus MS5935 (3). MICs were determined by using agar dilution methodology according to NCCLS guidelines (11).

The GyrA and GyrB subunits of DNA gyrase and the GrlA and GrlB subunits of topoisomerase IV of MS5935 were prepared by a method described previously (16, 17). The activities of each enzyme were determined by a method described previously (16, 17). The effects of the quinolones were evaluated based on the concentrations required to inhibit 50% of the enzyme reaction (IC50s).

The IC50s of C-8-methoxy compounds (gatifloxacin and AM-1147) against topoisomerase IV were almost equal to those of their C-8-H counterparts (AM-1121 and ciprofloxacin), whereas the inhibitory activities of C-8-methoxy compounds against DNA gyrase were about six times higher than those of their C-8-H counterparts (Table (Table1;1; Fig. Fig.1).1). The C-3′-methyl moiety had little effect on the inhibitory activity against both DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. These results indicate that introduction of the C-8-methoxy group to the quinolone ring enhances the inhibitory activity against DNA gyrase without exerting influence on topoisomerase IV inhibition.

FIG. 1.

Inhibitory activities of gatifloxacin and its related compounds against topoisomerase IV (A) and DNA gyrase (B).

The C-8-methoxy compounds showed two- to fourfold-lower MICs than their C-8-H counterparts. On the other hand, the antibacterial activities of C-3′-methyl compounds were similar or slightly superior to those of their C-3′-H counterparts. These results indicate that the C-8-methoxy group of these compounds has a greater effect on the increment of the activity against the wild-type strain, whereas the C-3′-methyl group is slightly involved in the increment of this activity.

It was previously reported that the inhibition of both target enzymes contributes to the antibacterial activities of quinolones because the antibacterial activities of most quinolones were decreased by both the grlA and gyrA mutations (17). Therefore, it is suggested that an increase in the inhibitory activity of the C-8-methoxy compounds against DNA gyrase is the possible mechanism underlying their potent antibacterial activity.

In summary, introduction of the methoxy group at the C-8position of the quinolone nucleus enhances inhibitory activity against DNA gyrase, leading to the potent activity of gatifloxacin against S. aureus.


PURPOSE: A 6-component force/moment sensor is provided to make an interference error and a droop less than an existing 6-component force/moment sensor in a capacity of the same force and moment. CONSTITUTION: The 6-component force/moment sensor comprises:a detecting unit of a sensor(30) to detect a force Fz, Mx, and a moment My by organizing to make a cross-shape centering around a load delivery block(24) to locate slat supporters(1¯4) of a same size in the upper part; a detecting unit of a sensor(40) to detect a force Fx, Fy, and a moment Mz by organizing to make the cross-shape centering around the load delivery block(24') to detect the force Fx and Fy and to locate slat supporters(13¯16) of a same size in the lower part.


There has been limited application of the large theoretical literature in the areas of agency and monitoring to personnel management issues. The research developing and testing implications of agency theory on the design of compensation contracts has focused on managerial labor contracts; the theory of monitoring has seen even fewer applications to the personnel literature. The premise of this paper is that while agency issues may be directly applicable to managerial labor, for nonmanagerial personnel the monitoring problem must be addressed preliminary to the design of incentive contracts. I first describe the role of commitment in monitoring problems. This is then applied to a discussion of the difference between penalties and rewards in motivating workers. The relative success of Japanese manufacturing techniques is then put in the context of an organizational attempt to solve the monitoring problem. I conclude by suggesting areas for future research.


The Ziegelgraben Bridge carries the electrified railway line between Stralsund and Sassnitz, which forms part of the conventional trans-European railway network, across a strait. This bridge is of the balance-beam lifting type. In 2007, its main steel structure was replaced, whilst maintaining its external shape and its essential dimensions, with the exception of its pylon foot. Crucial static and design modifications were then made compared with the old bridge. These were based in part on past operational experience and in part on the current rules and regulations applicable nationally and throughout the European Union. The relevant provisions are, however, incomplete as far as railway bridges with moving parts are concerned, but they did require various special measures. In order to ensure that the renewed structure would operatt safely and function well, it was necessary to consider the mutually dependent loads to be assumed between the structural and mechanical parts and also, for example, to define unambiguous interfaces for the moving bearings. The Ziegelgraben is a location with heavy traffic, where three modes (rail, road and shipping] converge. This meant that it was only possible to close the railway line for short periods at a time, which created a tough set of requirements for the logistic preparation of the engineering work and its execution. The German Federal Railway Authority (Eisenbahn-Bundesamt, EBA] accompanied the preparation and authorization process throughout as the responsible supervisory and safety authority.


Objective To establish a standard pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE) assay for the detection of Bacillus cereus.Methods Fifty-one B.cereus strains isolated from different source were selected to evaluate the discriminatory power of the established PFGE assay.Results The established PFGE assay for the detection of B.cereus successfully identified the genotypes of 51 strains of B.cereus.Conclusion The PFGE assay was established for the genetic classification of B.cereus which can provide technical support for the control and prevention of food poisoning and nosocomial infection caused by B.cereus.


Chronic heart failure is an important health problem worldwide. Despite the reduction in mortality associated with the newest medical and interventional treatments, the quality of life remains an important concern for patients as well for doctors. Aim: to quantify the quality of life and the financial burden in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency. Material and methods: Patients with heart failure and iron deficiency were included in the study. Personal medical data were collected, and the patients completed the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ), which is a validated questionnaire for anemia associated with heart failure. The financial costs of hospital admission were evaluated. Results: A statistically significant moderate direct correlation between calcium channel blockers treatment and the scores in KCCQ was found. Also, a statistically significant, indirect correlation was shown between anticoagulant treatment and quality of life. As to the financial burden, the average cost per admission was 3,641.75 RON ± 1,881.32 RON (783.17 euro ± 404.58 euro). Conclusions: Anticoagulant treatment in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency was associated with reduced quality of life. Calcium channel blockers were associated with improvement of the quality of life in this category of patients.


"Public Enterprise in Transition" offers a thorough survey of the complex changes that have affected public enterprise management and industrial relations over the last decade: it is a survey of what has happened in Britain's public enterprises since the legislation of the first Thatcher government. Leading authorities contribute case studies of major public corporations both state owned and recently privatized: the Post Office, railways, coal, electricity, steel, water and the docks. These public enterprises are examined in terms of their historical context, in the light of the management objectives and strategies of the 1980s. Emphasis is laid on the effect of recent commercialization on industrial relations and the response of the trade unions to the changing character of the public sector and privatization. The editors find there are considerable differences between industries. They conclude that privatization alone is not the main factor in accounting for the extent and direction of change.


In a prospective study with a median follow‐up of 13 months on a series of 71 breast cancer patients, 9 developed haematogenous metastases. The neu protein was found on the cell membranes in 27 of the 71 carcinomas (38%) by an immunohistochemical technique using a monoclonal antibody (MAb). Eight of the 9 patients with haematogenous metastases showed overexpression of the neu protein. Immunohistochemical staining of the cell membrane was inversely correlated with the oestrogen and the progesterone receptor status. There was no correlation with lymph‐node involvement. The immunohistochemical detection of the neu protein in breast adenocarcinomas is an independent factor in predicting the patients at risk for haematogenous tumour spread and is therefore correlated with unfavourable prognosis.


Objective We identified H-2K~K-restrieted CTL epitopes from mouse hepatitis virus strain 3,and the present study would benefit to the application of specific immunotherapy based on hepatitis virus derived epitope.Supermotif,quantitative motif combined with artificial neural network(ANN) and molecular modeling were used in the prediction of H-2K~K restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL) epitope from amino acid sequence of mouse hepatitis virus strain 3.The predicted peptides were synthesized with solid phase strategies,purified with reverse phase HPLC,and finally identified with mass spectrometry;T2-K~K cell line was used to determine the peptide binding with H-2K~K molecule.At last,four candidate peptides were predicted by supermotif combined with quantitative motif and ANN.Among the four predicted peptides,IEPYNGVI(141-148) and YELSGYTV(306-313) could bind to H-2K~K with moderately affinity,and the value of fluorescence index(FI) was 1.25 and 1.04,respectively.Our results suggested that epitope prediction with supermotif combined with quantitative motif and ANN was consistent with peptide binding assay.In this study,both epitope prediction and binding assay showed that IEPYNGVI(141-148) and YELSGYTV(306-313) may be the H-2K~K-restricted epitopes from MHV-3.


We show that the Onsager-field theory for itinerant systems is also quite useful for arbitrary filling of the two-dimensional (2D) and 3D Hubbard models in the weak to intermediate coupling of $U,$ yielding various magnetic properties in agreement with the results of quantum Monte Carlo simulations and the two-particle self-consistent method of Vilk et al. Any small doping into the antiferromagnetic ground state of the half-filled 3D model introduces an incommensurate phase with a significant reduction due to fluctuations.