The mechanism of pure spray mist and spray mist with compound chemical additives to kerosene fire were compared to each other based on theory analysis and experiments research.It's main physical mechanism to use pure spray mist to extinguish fire.Both the physical and chemical mechanisms are obvious when using spray mist with compound additives to extinguish fire.The glutinous and active ingredient of additives changed the D_(32) of fogdrop to make the diameter of mist become more reasonable and more effective to extinguish fire.The chemical reactions are both under different and homologic state.When different state,the small solid formed from the course of water spray mist to boil away can seize and annihilate the active free radicles in combustion chain.When homo- logic state,reagent can seize the free radicles of combustion chain in the state of vapor phase.The effect of spray with compound chemical to extinguish kerosene fire is better than that of pure spray because of its special fire extin- guishing mechanism.


H.264 provides a good coding efficiency compared with existing video coding standards, H.263, MPEG-4, based on the use of multiple reference frame for variable block size motion estimation, quarter-pixel motion estimation and compensation, integer DCT, rate-distortion optimization, and etc. However, many modules used to increase its performance also require H.264 to have increased complexity so that fast algorithms are to be implemented as practical approach. In this paper, among many approaches, fast mode decision algorithm by skipping variable block size motion estimation and spatial-predictive coding, which occupies most encoder complexity, is proposed. This approach takes advantages of temporal and spatial properties of fast mode selection techniques. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach can save encoding time up to 65% compared with the H.264 standard while maintaining the visual perspectives.


I'm excited to have a book chapter on PyRx published in a book from Springer Publishing titled "Chemical Biology – Methods and Protocols". I'm very thankful to editors for the opportunity to publish this work and they did a great job in compiling and editing this book. See the Table of


Recently, the concept of life event was coined in the literature to describe an event in a citizen ' s life that would require at least one or in some cases a collection of public services from e-government service composition prospective. A system to provide the required intelligence that would be able to compose the basic e-services to build a composite service has recently become an area of debate with many solutions being proposed. This study building on prior publications is attempting to introduce and provide new technical guidelines for a new ontology that extends Ontology Web Lan- guage for Services (OWL-S) as knowledgebase and intelligent actor for creating composite services to build a life event. This chapter proposes the life-event ontology that is a logical extension of OWL-S for implementation of e-service integration modelling framework proposed in prior publications.


This review introduces the effects of high hydrostatic pressure on the molecular volume,noncovalent bond and conformation of protein.The molecular volume is decreased,and the hydrogen bond,electrovalent bond,and hydrophobic interaction are influenced by compression.The secondary,tertiary and quaternary structures of protein are influenced by pressure below 800 MPa.Tertiary and quaternary structures are more pressure-sensitive than secondary structure.Pressure below 8GPa does not influence the primary structure of proteins.


In this paper, quasi-static loading tests and fatigue tests are carried out on spot welded joints of mild steel (270MPa class) and ultra-high strength steel (980MPa class) sheets in order to investigate the influence of strength level of base steels on fatigue strength and fracture mechanism of spot welded joints. Under quasi-static loading, a spot welded part is more liable to be a fracture-initiation site in the ultra-high strength steel than in the mild steel, and as a result fracture behavior of the ultra-high strength steel is considerably affected by a spot welded part as compared with that of the mild steel. Although the fatigue strength of spot welded joints is higher in the ultra-high strength steel than in the mild steel in low cycle fatigue regime, the difference in fatigue strength decreases in high cycle fatigue regime and the fatigue limit is almost the same in both steels. Fracture morphology of spot welded joints under cyclic loading depends on the load level in the ultra-high strength steel, but not in the mild steel. From the comparison between S-N curves for spot welded joints and notched base steels, the dependency of fatigue strength of spot welded joints on base steels is attributed to the notch-sensitivity to fatigue strength of the base steels.


A 3D model of a 2 × 2 LED array with Si-based heatsink was established by using Solidworks.The temperature field distribution of the package array was simulated,and the temperature of each part was calculated based on analyzing the basic principles of heat conduction.According to the simulation results,an LED array was fabricated,and its junction temperature was measured.Values of both the thermal simulation and practical measurement agree well with the theoretically calculated results.


Operating room (OR) scheduling is a critical factor affecting overall hospital performance. We examine OR scheduling from two perspectives. In the first perspective we propose a scheme for OR block scheduling that uses a heuristic developed for a three-machine flow shop where the three phases of the peri-operative process (pre-op, OR, and post-op) correspond to the three-machine flow shop. This approach facilitates a hospital-as-a-system perspective. The second perspective used to examine OR scheduling is adaptive control of the OR slate. Recognizing that there are many factors affecting OR throughput performance, especially preemptions from emergent and urgent cases, adaptive control of the OR slate is necessary. To realistically improve performance, adaptive control of the OR slate should incorporate constraints on how surgeries can be rescheduled. We examine the benefits from adaptive control of the OR slate that uses a priority first fit decreasing (PFFD) heuristic while incorporating constraints on OR slate rescheduling. The PFFD heuristic is a priority-driven variation of the classic FFD heuristic used in bin packing problems. We develop a scheme for OR block scheduling and our PFFD heuristic. We then demonstrate our PFFD heuristic in a simulation-based case study, and subsequently run a simulation using 1000 instances to test the performance of our PFFD heuristic in OR slate scheduling and OR slate adaptive control showing improvements in performance relative to the frequently used first-come-first-served rule.


=968197 Bullard, M., G. C. Friesen, and T. Sapp (2008). 'Investor Timing and Fund Distribution Channels,' Working Paper. http://ssrn.com/abstract=1070545 Cabral, M., and C. Hoxby (2011). 'The Hated Property Tax: Salience, Tax Rates, and Tax Revolts,' Unpublished manuscript. http://economics.stanford.edu/ seminars/hated-property-tax-salience-tax-rates-and-tax-revolts Campbell, J. (2006). 'Household Finance,' Journal of Finance, 61(4): 1553–604. Coates IV, J. C., and R. G. Hubbard (2007). 'Competition in theMutual Fund Industry: Evidence and Implication for Policy,' Journal of Corporate Law, 33: 151–222. Dean, L., and M. S. Finke (2011). 'Compensation and Client Wealth Among U.S. Investment Advisors,' Working Paper. http://ssrn.com/abstract=1802628 Del Guercio, D., J. Reuter, and P. A. Tkac (2010). 'Broker Incentives and Mutual Fund Market Segmentation,' NBER Working Paper No. 16312. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research. Edelin, R. M., R. B. Evans, and K. B. Kadlec (2012). 'Disclosure and Agency Conflict: Evidence from Mutual Fund Commission Bundling,' Journal of Financial Economics, 103(2): 308–26. Elmerick, S., C. Montalto, and J. Fox (2002). 'Use of Financial Planners by US Households,' Financial Services Review, 11: 217–31. Fama, E., and K. French (2010). 'Luck versus Skill in the Cross-section of Mutual Fund Returns,' Journal of Finance, 65(5): 1915–47. Financial Services Authority (FSA) (2011). 'Product Intervention,' Discussion Paper DP11/1 (January 2011). http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pubs/discussion/dp11_01.pdf Finke, M. S., and T. P. Langdon (2012). 'The Impact of the Broker-Dealer Fiduciary Standard on Financial Advice,' Working Paper. http://ssrn.com/abstract=2019090 —— S. J. Huston, and W. Waller (2009). 'Do Contracts Impact Comprehensive Financial Advice?' Financial Services Review, 18: 177–93. —— —— D. Winchester (2011). 'Financial Advice: Who Pays?' Financial Counseling and Planning, 22(1): 18–26. —— J. S. Howe, and S. J. Huston (2011). 'Old Age and the Decline in Financial Literacy,' Working Paper. http://ssrn.com/abstract=1948627 OUP CORRECTED PROOF – FINAL, 14/9/2013, SPi 246 The Market for Retirement Financial Advice


This paper presents the design of a compact broadband circularly-polarized helix antenna. The proposed antenna consists of a low-profile metal-strip helix structure fed by a coaxial probe and three different dielectric blocks. In this design, dielectric materials with high permittivity are for miniaturization. All dimensions of the design are obtained by using multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition combined with differential evolution (MOEA/DDE). Simulation results show the 10dB impedance bandwidth, 3dB axial-ratio bandwidth, and gain of more than 6dBi over the band of 1.88GHz–2.69GHz. The overall size of this design is 28mm×28mm×32mm (0.21λ×0.21λ×0.24λ at 2.3GHz). The proposed antenna is attractive for indoor distributed antenna systems supporting Long Term Evolution (LTE) middle band.


Since 1999, a Japanese national project to realize commercially feasible SMES for designated applications has been promoted. Model coils for power system stabilization, load fluctuation compensation and frequency control have been fabricated and tested. In this paper, we introduce the present status of the project, including feasibility studies of an HTS SMES.


Pigment epithelial detachment (PED) is a common entity in age-related macular degeneration and central serous chorioretinopathy. Nevertheless, it can manifest rarely without an obvious causative factor. The authors report 3 cases of PED that were atypical in terms of pattern and age presentation. The second case is associated with sickle cell disease, which has not been reported in literature as far and that could add to our knowledge of this disease entity. Methods: The three cases underwent ophthalmological examination, optical coherence tomography, fundus autoflourescence, fundus fluorescein angiography, full-field electroretinogram and visual evoked potential. Full medical evaluation was done. Results: Bilateral ocular fundus examination showed multiple, rounded lesions scattered all over the fundus in three cases and peripheral retinal pigment epithelial pigmentary changes in the periphery in two cases. Medical evaluation showed one case of sickle cell disease. Conclusion: The number of reports on atypical pigment epithelial detachment and their correlation is limited. In addition its occurrence with sickle cell disease in the second case is a novel correlation which has to be reported and followed-up.


The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) recently estimated total oil shale resources in the Piceance Basin of the Eocene Green River Formation in western Colorado to be approximately 1.525 trillion barrels of oil in-place, regardless of grade (Johnson and others, 2010). In an attempt to further refine this estimate, we determined that about 920 billion barrels or 60 percent of the in-place total can be generated from oil shale yielding at least 15 gallons of oil per ton of rock (GPT), and about 352 billion barrels or 23 percent of the total is associated with oil shale yielding at least 25 GPT (Mercier and others, 2010). The Green River Formation, deposited in Eocene Lake Uinta, is subdivided into an early illitic phase, the Garden Gulch Member, which predates saline-mineral deposition in the lake (fig. 1, R-0 through L-1 oil shale zones), and a later carbonate and saline-mineral phase, the Parachute Creek Member, during which the saline minerals nahcolite and halite were deposited in offshore areas of the lake (fig. 1, R-2 zone through bed 44 interval). These two intervals are separated by a brief transitional section in the lower R-2 zone (fig. 1 and fig. 3) where illite content is greatly reduced, dolomite appears as a significant component, and saline minerals are not yet present. Saline minerals have been extensively leached by groundwater A recent U.S. Geological Survey analysis of the Green River Formation of the Piceance Basin in western Colorado shows that about 920 and 352 billion barrels of oil are potentially recoverable from oil shale resources using oil-yield cutoffs of 15 and 25 gallons per ton (GPT), respectively. This represents most of the high-grade oil shale in the United States. Much of this rich oil shale is found in the dolomitic Parachute Creek Member of the Green River Formation and is associated with the saline minerals nahcolite and halite, or in the interval where these minerals have been leached by groundwater. The remaining highgrade resource is located primarily in the underlying illitic Garden Gulch Member of the Green River Formation. Of the 352 billion barrels of potentially recoverable oil resources in high-grade (≥ 25 GPT) oil shale, the relative proportions present in the illitic interval, non-saline R-2 zone, saline-mineral interval, leached interval (excluding leached Mahogany zone), and Mahogany zone were 3.1, 4.5, 36.6, 23.9, and 29.9 percent of the total, respectively. Only 2 percent of high-grade oil shale is present in marginal areas where saline minerals were never deposited.


Despite being the first woman to join Academia Brasileira de Letras and be popularly recognized as a writer, Rachel de Queiroz (1910-2003) defined herself as a journalist. We present an essay with biographical content about her career in this occupation, emphasizing her role in the magazine O Cruzeiro, in which she maintained the weekly column Ultima Pagina between the years 1944 and 1975. As part of the methodological construction of the research, we did a survey of the chronicles in which the author discusses journalism and we propose some reflections.


Banana plants, including plants that are sensitive to the presence of a pest or pathogen attack. One of the main diseases of banana plants is Sigatoka. Early symptoms of Sigatoka's disease are seen on the third or fourth leaf, in the form of small pale yellow spots. Sigatoka disease can also be suppressed by chemical control. It can also be given fertilizer treatment to maintain the availability of nutrients for plants that are attacked. The combination of these two treatment factors is integrated control namely prevention and treatment of diseases from the outside, as well as providing care from the inside. This research was carried out for 3 months, starting from May to July 2019 in the Experimental Garden of the University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Pendem Village, Junrejo District, Batu City.
This study uses a strip plot design with 2 factors and 3 repetitions. The first factor consists of several levels, among others, Chlorotalonyl 50% WP, Mancozeb 80% WP and Mancozeb 73.8% WP + Karbendazim 6.2% WP. While the second factor is Rhizovit Fertilizer, NASA Liquid Organic Fertilizer and Bayfolan Leaf Fertilizer. So that in this study obtained 9 treatment combinations that have 3 plant samples in each of their treatments. The observation variables in this study were identification of pathogens that cause sigatoka disease, attack intensity, and plant growth which included the number of leaves and leaf area.
The results of this research show the intensity of yellow sigatoka or Mychospharella musicolla Mulder disease tends to be suppressed by the treatment of chemical fungicides, namely by administering contact and systemic mixed fungicides (Mancozeb 73.8% WP + Karbendazim 6.2% WP). This treatment has the lowest average total attack intensity of 4.81%. A very real interaction occurred at 10-25 HSI on observing the intensity of the attack of Sigatoka disease. This is caused by the role of chemical fungicides which are starting to show their effectiveness at 10 HSI.
There was a real interaction at 10-25 HSI on observing the number of leaves of the banana plant. The K2P2 treatment (80% Mancozeb and Bayfolan Fertilizer) had the highest total mean of 31.87. This is influenced by the effectiveness of the use of chemical fertilizers that provide a rapid stimulus.


O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is known as a predictive marker, which has been associated with longer survival in glioblastoma patients who were treated with alkylating agents. However, little is known about heterogeneity of MGMT gene promoter methylation and its protein expression across different regions within the same tumor. This study was aimed to compare the status of MGMT gene promoter methylation and protein expression in different sites' specimens of newly diagnosed glioblastoma. Two to four specimens were obtained from different regions in the same tumor during surgical procedure in 20 newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients guided by neuronavigation system(overall number of specimens: 60, all of which were prepared for the following analysis except one specimen showed necrotic obiviously). MGMT promoter profile was analyzed by Methylation-specific polymerase-Chain-reaction analysis (MSP). The MGMT protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting (WB). MGMT promoter Methylation was detected in 45.76% (27/59) specimens. IHC and WB analysis exhibited high concordant findings (r=0.93, P<0.001). There was no significant correlation between MGMT promoter methylation and protein expression (IHC and MSP, x2=3.18 P=0.074; WB and MSP, Z=-1.712 P=0.087), and this study also demonstrated the regional heterogeneity of MGMT status of methylation in 10.00% (2/20) patients and MGMT protein expression in 40.00% (8/20) patients. MGMT promoter methylation is probably not the only modulating factor in MGMT protein expression. Our research questions the guiding significance of MGMT promoter methylation or its protein expression to the therapeutic scheme, which detected only in a small piece of specimen in clinical practice.


This paper presents a background on nutrient removal processes, and how they can be optimized to improve performance of bioretention systems. An advanced media has been tested that greatly improves phosphorus (P) retention by bioretention facilities for many decades. The systems include an innovative outlet design that provides for extended detention of small events while passing large events through the media. The increased retention time significantly improves nitrogen (N) retention compared to free discharge facilities using sandy media. An extensive study of these systems is presently under way at the Science Museum of Virginia (SMV). The SMV system comprises two field scale systems, one with advanced media, while the other has compost amended sand based media. All systems incorporate the outlets. INTRODUCTION Excess nutrient loads from non-point source (NPS) runoff, whether urban or agricultural, are the most common and widespread stressors upon receiving water bodies. Of the suite of better management practices (BMPsnot necessarily best) available, bioretention is considered among the more effective for removal of total suspended sediments (TSS) and metals (Davis et al, 2001). However, their nutrient retention performance has been more variable and less effective, particularly for N (Davis et al. 2006). This paper briefly investigates the various biogeochemical mechanisms involved in nutrient retention, and how bioretention systems can be improved to maximize nutrient retention. A description is then provided of how these factors have been incorporated into the design of several different bioretention BMPs. An overview of the large mesocosm and field scale experimentation of these advanced bioretention systems in Virginia is provided. Since particulate nutrients are easily filtered by bioretention systems, this paper focuses upon dissolved forms of N and P. Dissolved P is primarily found as ortho-phosphate (PO4-P). This is the form of P that it is most readily taken up by plants and algae. Since it is highly reactive with soils, it is adsorbed within the soil profile. The resultant equilibrium concentration depends upon the cumulative P adsorbed in relation to the extent of available sorption sites. Dissolved organic P 3649 World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2011: Bearing Knowledge for Sustainability © ASCE 2011


rather than to cause the absence of the wild-type enzyme. It is of interest that in both of these cases hybrid enzymes are formed in heterozygotes. Dimerization which has been proposed as the basis for hybrid vigor' may be a common feature of maize enzymes. Summary.-Two alleles of the E3 gene in maize specify electrophoretically separable esterases. As is the case with the pH 7.5 esterases formed by the E1 gene, a hybrid esterase with an intermediate migration rate is found in the E3 heterozygotes. The enzyme specified by one of the E3 alleles has a migration rate identical to that formed by one of the E1 alleles. * Research supported by National Science Foundation grant GB 302. 1 Schwartz, D., these PROCEEDINGS, 46, 1210 (1960).


The preferences of broiler and layer strains of fowl for 4 different intensities of incandescent luminaire (6, 20, 60 and 200 lux; Osram, 60W, pearl) were tested at 2 and 6 weeks of age. With each strain, 4 replicates of 12 birds were each allowed to move freely between 4 compartments illuminated continuously at the different intensities for 6 days. The distribution of light intensities among the compartments was changed daily. After 2 days of conditioning, the birds' location and behaviour were recorded once every 15 min over 23 h on each of the remaining 4 days. The other hour was devoted to changing light intensities and refilling the feeders and drinkers. Six, mutually exclusive behaviours were defined: resting, perching, feeding, drinking, litter-directed activity and locomotion. With both strains, most time was spent in the brightest (200 lux) environment at 2 weeks of age, but in the dimmest (6 lux) at 6 weeks. This apparent change in preference was associated only with the 2 behaviours which took up most time, resting and perching, whereas the highest intensity was consistently preferred for all other behaviours. Older birds thus preferred to be in dim light when they were relatively inactive. It is concluded that the finding that older birds prefer to spend much of their time in a light environment of 50 lux) lit environments, might benefit the welfare of older poultry, although further work is needed to establish their optimum light environment.


Molecular organic photochemistry is concerned with the description
of physical and chemical processes generated upon the absorption of photons by organic
molecules. Recently, it has become an important part of many areas of science:
chemistry, biology, biochemistry, medicine, biophysics, material science, analytical chemistry,
among others. Many synthetic chemists are using photochemical reactions in crystals
to generate different types of organic compounds since this methodology represents a
green chemistry approach.

Chemical reactions in crystals are quite different from reactions in
solution. The range of organic solid state reactions and the degree of control which could
be achieved under these conditions are quite wider and subtle. Therefore, for a large number
of molecular crystals, the photochemical outcome is not the expected product based on topochemical principles.
To explain these experimental results, several physicochemical factors in crystal structure have been
proposed such as defects, reaction cavity, dynamic preformation or photoinduced lattice instability and steric
compression control. In addition, several crystal engineering strategies have been developed to bring molecules
into adequate orientations with reactive groups in good proximity to synthesize complex molecules that in
many cases are not available by conventional methods. Some strategies involve structural modifications like
intramolecular substitution with different functional groups to modify intermolecular interactions. Other strategies
involve chemical techniques such as mixed crystal formation, charge transfer complexes, ionic and organometallic
interactions. Furthermore, some examples of the single crystal to single crystal transformations
have also been developed showing an elegant method to achieve regio and stereoselectivity in a photochemical
reaction.

The several examples given in this review paper have shown the wide scope of photochemical
reactions in organic molecular crystals. There are several advantages of carrying photochemical reaction in the
solid state. Production of materials unobtainable by the traditional solution phase reactions, improved
specificity, reduction of impurities, and enhancement in the yields by the reduction of side reactions. These
advantages and the multidisciplinary nature of solid-state photochemistry make this discipline quite likely to
develop a lot in the future.


The concept, general structure and main components of the integrated computing environment (ICE) for optimization of complex systems based on the methods of conditional minimization of the objective functional characterizing the initial formulation of the problem of mathematical modeling on supercomputers are considered. The inverse problem is solved based on a sequence of direct initial-boundary value problems, each of which can be a resource-intensive interdisciplinary problem described by a system of multidimensional differential and/or integral (and/or discrete) equations in multi-scale computational domains with multi-connected piecewise smooth geometric configurations of boundaries and contrast material properties of multiphase media. This includes, in particular, the actual problems of surrogate optimization. The functional core of the ICE is focused on a high-performance support of all major stages of a large-scale computational experiment, including geometric and semantic modeling, generation of computational grids, approximation of initial equations, solution of algebraic problems, optimization algorithms for solving inverse problems, post-processing and visualization of results, decision-making on the results of the study. Technical requirements for the ICE involve a flexible expansion of the models and methods used, adaptation to the evolution of computer platforms, effective reuse of external software products, coordinated participation of different teams of developers and focus on a broad demand of the end users from different industries. These qualities are designed to provide a long life cycle and a qualitative increase in productivity in the development and application of the new generation software.


[Hospital is the organization that dreams up an idea of service offering (treatment), which will satisfy the customer's (patient's) expectations (of getting cured). The service is a combination of tangible and intangible aspect with the intangible aspect dominating the tangible aspect. A hospital offers an intangible service called health care, characterized by inseparability, intangibility, variability, perishability, and simultaneity.India is substantially under-invested in healthcare with 17% of the world's population, but only 6% of the beds. Meager public healthcare spending in India presents a big investment opportunity for private players. The growth in now focused on fast expansion into tier II & III cities in the country. The growth drivers are:• The services sector (which accounts for 55 per cent of GDP) will grow as economy is poised for stable growth of over 5%. Goldman Sachs estimates that the Indian economy is likely to grow at five per cent annually for the next 45 years. • The total expenditure on health per capita in India has increased from $19 in 2000 to $36 (at average exchange rates) in 2005. This incremental spending per capita was largely accounted for by private spending rather than public (government) spending (per capita spending by government increased from $ 4 to $ 7 during the same period).• It is predicted that medical tourism will grow into a 2 billion US$ (dollar) business by 2014. Patients are coming from neighboring countries (Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Afghanistan and Pakistan), as well from countries like UK, the US and the Middle East.NEED FOR THE STUDYThe corporate hospitals contribute about 7% of bed capacity. The increased incidence of chronic lifestyle diseases and substandard quality of care in public hospitals has forced even the lower middle class patients to spend beyond their means. In the last few years; the shift of the clientele to corporate hospitals has been overwhelming. The emergence of corporate hospitals as favored centers of health care for foreigners is another positive development. All these developments are posing challenges to the corporate hospitals to maintain high standard in delivery of services to improve and retain image. They require operational excellence and marketing effectiveness, to attract patients, and satisfy them.The review leads to the following conclusions:• Hospital should have marketing orientation to succeed. • Total quality management for improving and delivering quality services is important.• Patient satisfaction and feedback should be major concerns. Equally important is employee satisfaction and feedback. • The benefits like brand equity and profitability can be measured.


Objective:To study the lumbar structural changes using a three-dimensional finite element model when simulating stretching and pressing manipulation on lumbar vertebrae.Methods:The biomechanical three-dimensional finite element model of multisegment of lumbar vertebrae was created by ADINA finite element software and the conditions of stretching and pressing manipulation were simulated.Results:In the state of pulling and pressing,the intervertebral disc displayed the most obvious displacement,strain and stress changes at lumbar flexion 30°,suggesting that the manipulative therapy of lumbar spinal disorders is safe in certain conditions.Conclusion:The three-dimensional finite element model can well simulate the various stretching and pressing manipulations on the lumbar vertebrae,and can obtain approximately identical results compared with the biomechanical research,which can serve as a good method to study the mechanism of lumbar stretching and pressing manipulations.


This paper selects Brazil, India, Russia and South Africa as the major emerging economies, then constructs a trade gravity model, and after the unit root and co-integration test of the relevant 1995~2011 panel data, applies a SUR model with panel data to empirically analyze the factors influencing China's exports to the major emerging economies. Its findings are as follows: similar economic development stages, close geographic locations and their higher economic growth rates are conducive to China's exports to the major emerging economies while the appreciation of the RMB's real effective exchange rate negatively affects China's exports to those countries; it is notable that China's current exports so far can meet the needs of the low income NEEs but are hard to satisfy the consumers' preference of the higher NEEs; additionally, the effect of the transportation cost on China's exports to NEEs hinges on the bilateral complementary or competitive relationships.


Studies have been conducted on the movements of sodium and potassium into and out of the Ehrlich ascites tumor cell. Under steady state conditions, at 22°C., in the absence of an exogenous source of glucose, the cell flux for both potassium and sodium averaged 0.8/~v/107 ceils/hr, or 3.0 p~c/an.~/sec. The cell can accumulate potassium and extrude sodium against electrochemical gradients for both ions. I t is possible under the experimental conditions reported to separate the transport systems for these two ions. Thus, it has been shown that under conditions of low temperature with a diminished metabolism, net fluxes for the two ions are different~ Also, following periods of 24 hours at 2°C., an exogenous source of glucose enhances the accumulation of potassium sevenfold while sodium extrusion is uninfluenced by the presence of glucose. Similarly potassium exchange rates are temperature-dependent, with Qxo values as high as 5, while exchange rates for sodium are temperature-inseusitive, with QIo values of 1.2 to 1.6. Glycolysis has been eliminated as an energy source for the transport processes since these processes go on in the absence of an exogenous source of glucose. I t is estimated that a maximum of 0.3 per cent of the energy derived from the total oxidative metabolism of glucose would be required to support independent transport of potassium and sodium.


This contribution focuses on five societies that experienced successful counterrevolutions. It looks at how the dialectic of revolution and counterrevolution operated in Italy, Indonesia, Chile, Thailand and the Philippines. It seeks to understand the motion of different classes in periods of great political fluidity. It explores the dynamic relationship between conflict in the countryside and the overarching conflict of classes and their political representatives at the national level. Finally, it probes the relationship between domestic counterrevolution and global geopolitics.


In this paper, the idea of modeling and solving boundary value problems, with the uncertainly defined boundary shape, is presented. For this purpose, the modification of the method of parametric integral equations system (PIES) is proposed. During tests, based on examples of exactly defined problems, its advantages over alternative methods have been repeatedly emphasized. That is why, it was decided to modify this method for solving uncertainly defined problems. For modeling uncertainty of the boundary shape and for numerical calculations the modification of directed interval arithmetic was proposed. Obtained numerical interval solutions will be compared with interval analytical solutions. Such solutions can be obtained using classical and directed interval arithmetic, as well as the modification of directed interval arithmetic.


Bela Tarrrs latest and reputedly final film, The Turin Horse (2011), takes its prompt from the story about an encounter that Nietzsche claims to have experienced with a maltreated horse on Via Carlo Alberto, Turin.[1] Tarrrs film opens with an image of a large horse pulling a cart through the bleak, inhospitable Hungarian landscape. The mare (Ricsi) walks toward the camera, seen in close-up and from a low angle; blinkered and with a sweat-matted coat, she progresses...


A 60 GHz power amplifier with 17dB small signal gain is designed and measured using standard 90nm CMOS process technology. Simulation predicted accurate performances. The 3-dB bandwidth exceeding 57 to 65 GHz is achieved. This power amplifier delivers +5.1dBm output P1dB with a maximum gain of 17dB at 61 GHz for 54mW total DC consumption, achieving 5.8% PAE and a saturated output power of +8.4dBm at 60GHz. This is the highest gain CMOS power amplifier operating in the 60 GHz unlicensed band reported till date. The first temperature dependent output power characteristics of 60GHz CMOS power amplifier shows very stable operation over the entire temperature range between 0°C and +80°C.


This lecture, I am afraid, is concerned primarily with some rather dry questions about the tactics of research in politics, and I hope therefore that you will excuse me if I begin by indicating, in a more personal way, the situation which may give these some present interest. Through the kindness of various sponsors I was able last summer to pay a brief visit to East and Central Africa. There are seven British territories there;1 in all of these, and in the Sudan too, discussion about the development of elections lies close to the centre of politics. Indeed, there exists already a surprisingly large number of separate electoral systems, because of the introduction of separate electorates for separate communities. I can reckon at least fifteen of them, and this takes no account of the ingenuity of District Commissioners in devising new systems to fit local circumstances, as they are urged to do under the policy of 'democratising tribal institutions. These home-made electoral systems vary a good deal, and include some useful devices which are not in the textbooks.2


We present the design, implementation, evaluation, and user ex periences of theCenceMe application, which represents the first system that combines the inference of the presence of individuals using off-the-shelf, sensor-enabled mobile phones with sharing of this information through social networking applications such as Facebook and MySpace. We discuss the system challenges for the development of software on the Nokia N95 mobile phone. We present the design and tradeoffs of split-level classification, whereby personal sensing presence (e.g., walking, in conversation, at the gym) is derived from classifiers which execute in part on the phones and in part on the backend servers to achieve scalable inference. We report performance measurements that characterize the computational requirements of the software and the energy consumption of the CenceMe phone client. We validate the system through a user study where twenty two people, including undergraduates, graduates and faculty, used CenceMe continuously over a three week period in a campus town. From this user study we learn how the system performs in a production environment and what uses people find for a personal sensing system.


Salivary secretory imunoglobulin A (IgA) is critical component in oral immune system It inhibit microbal adherence, inactivate bacterial enzyme and toxin, and neutrilize virus. Number of oral diseases are associated with Salivary secretory imunoglobulin A, sub. As caries and periodontal disease. The effect of ascorbic acid on salivary secretory imunoglobulin A have been studied. This research observed the chromatographical expression of salivary secretory imunoglobulin A using ELISA method. The animal model was Rattus novergicus strain Sprague–Dawley. The number of the subjects was 30 and divided into three groups. Each group had ten rats. Group I was the placebo group. In the second and third group the animals received ascorbic acid supplementation in the dose of 1 and 2 mg/100 g body weight per day for two weeks, repectively. After ascorbic acid supplementations were completed, we performed saliva collection procedure. The animals were injected with pilocarpine and isoproterenol to stimulate saliva secretion. The analytical test (Anova) showed significant differences between all groups on the concentration of salivary secretory imunoglobulin A in the magnitude of ug/ml. This study sugests that the supplementation of α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid may stimulate the salivary secretory imunoglobulin A


For Total Quality Management (TQM) especially in production, a number of measures and modular elements are needed; these include methods and techniques for process control and process improvement. This survey paper shows the significance of instrumentation in compiling and utilizing a uniform information and data model as important basis for mastering process. It would represent an essential basis for controlling processes. The modern development of instrumentation is illustrated with reference to various measuring techniques


Aiming at the resource allocation problems in cloud computing environmen,the article puts forward an improved ant colony optimization cloud computing resources allocation algorithm through the analyses on bandwidth,the network load and response time factors on the influence of the distribution clouds resources,and combining with the characteristics of cloud computing platform,the choice of the path under the optimization of the cloud environment.Simulation research results show that the improved algorithm can find the required access database in the cloud quickly,optimize search performance,reduce search time and drop the whole network load of cloud database,get better efficiency than some other distribution algorithms of cloud computing.


Measurement problem of coordinate components multidimensional displacements was formulated. The approach to construct the measurement system using single-coil eddy-current sensors with a sensitive element as a piece of conductor is offered. The generalized conceptual model of measurement process is given. The model is expanded by the descriptions of algorithms for data obtaining, transformation, information signal allocation, and for a coordinate components in blades and piston engines determination. Technical and metrological characteristics of the magistral-modular systems to realize the offered approach and algorithms are aiso given. The ways of such systems intellectual ization to ensure increasing of obtained results reliability and to allow the determination of factor coordinate components of multidimensional displacement are also considered.


In this paper, we describe an efficient method to synthesize, using time-frequency methods, underwater acoustic signals adapted to the Discrete Oceanic Tomography (DOT) by using opportunity acoustic sources naturally present in the ocean. This novel approach is based on two essential tools for the extraction of relevant information in DOT context: an auditory modelling to simulate mammalian auditory perception and a time-frequency Viterbi-based detector to estimate some useful instantaneous frequency laws. The results obtained from real underwater data illustrate the interest and the potential of the proposed synthesis method.


English is considered as one of the foreign languages in Indonesia. To study English is challenging because English learners need to spend a lot of time to practice. Most of the learners are adult people such as college student. The adult learner needs different style of learning in order to understand the lesson. By knowing the learning activity which can be done independently is pivotal to apply for adult learner. The mentoring is the program which provides the learners to study with guiding from the senior or the expert in learning process, especially outside the formal class. This thesis aims to find the type of learning activities, problems faced by mentors and mentees and its solution in mentoring program that was conducted by English Language Education Department, University of Muhammadiyah Malang.

This research was designed to find out the mentorsÂ' and menteesÂ' problems and investigate the solution of tthe current problem in learning activity on mentoring program year 2016. This research used qualitative design because it needed to discover the phenomenon outcome from this current activity in mentoring program. The instruments used in this research are document analyses (mentoring handbook and video recording) and interview.

Based on the finding, it was found several learning activities that were included in four language skill reading, listening, writing and speaking. The most dominant activities were in productive skill rather than receptive skill. The findings also showed that the problem faced by mentors and mentees were the laziness and motivation of the mentees, the mentorsÂ' creativity in learning process, limited time and the technical problem such as the crowded situation and unsupported place. The current problems could be fixed by the solutions that were coming from mentorsÂ' motivation in making the creativity of learning process


Objective:To investigate the clinical curative effect of intracranial hemodynamics of cervical spondylotic arteriopathy(CSA)patients treated by three-dimensional traction combined with fixed-point spin reduction. Method:300 patients with CSA were randomly divided into two groups. The treatment group was treated by three-dimensional traction combined with fixed-point spin reduction,the control group was treated by traditional traction combined with fixed-point spin reduction and acupuncture.10 days for a course of treatment. After three courses,observed the changes of symptoms of vertigo and intracranial artery hemodynamics in the patients before and after treatment. Result:The clinical total effective of the treatment group was 96.67%,was better than the control(90.00%),there was statistical significance(P0.05). After after treatment the vertigo symptoms of treatment group improved significantly than the control group(P0.05),and intracranial artery Vmax,end-diastolic Vmin,resistance index(RI)improved obviously. Conclusion:Three-dimensional traction combined with fixed-point spin reduction can improve the intracranial hemodynamics and has better effect.


The potential energy surface (PES) of a molecule can be decomposed into equipotential hypersurfaces. We show in this article that the hypersurfaces are the wave fronts of a certain hyperbolic partial differential equation, a wave equation. It is connected with the gradient lines, or the steepest descent, or the steepest ascent lines of the PES. The energy seen as a reaction coordinate plays the central role in this treatment.


This paper addresses several issues arising in the design of a model-coupling interface, including the synchronization of different simulation time-step lengths, and introduces an algorithm for data flow in this environment. This synchronization scheme can be used to couple an individual vehicle representation of traffic (mesoscopic or microscopic) to a macroscopic representation. In particular, the paper reports the formulation and implementation of model coupling of a microscopic traffic simulator (PELOPS) to a macroscopic simulator (SIMONE). The coupling of macroscopic data upstream to the microscopic simulator downstream utilizes a disaggregation tool. Coupling of the microscopic simulator to specified downstream macroscopic data has also been implemented. The macroscopic speed information is transmitted to the microscopic simulator in this implementation by introducing a simulated variable speed limit. An approach to validation of the coupling structure is also suggested that takes into account the dependencies of the different models. For the covering abstract see ITRD E114174.


The paper wishes to investigate how firm dynamics of entry and exit and growth performances are affected by global and local forces. On the one hand, we explore the strong heterogeneity of firm behavior according to different categories of firm internationalisation. On the other hand, we investigate agglomeration economies and spillovers forces. Hence, the strong heterogeneity of firms is dissected according to different categories of firm internationalization and to several variables related to the local context. We use a large unbalanced micro-panel data set made of 884232 observations including both new and incumbent corporate firms. Data are disaggregated by firm, sector, province and concern Italian manufacturing firms localized in 103 Italian provinces over 2002-2010. The paper will shed light on questions such as the role played by intra-industry and extra-industry (i.e. unrelated) variety, specialization patterns, concentration of activities in urbanized contexts, the impact of the industrial district degree and the role of innovation and of technological sectors referred to the Italian provinces and regions. We get evidence mainly on three issues: 1) Benefits from geographically and industry bounded specialisation for survival ; 2) Industrial districts economies impact on firm survival 3) Diversification economies relevance i.e. whether regional industry specialization is enhancing the survival of firms in a respective industry with respect to diversification (Jacobians) economies at province level. These topics have strong policy implications. Firm persistence, flexibility and capacity to adapt to global changes and adverse conditions in some geographical areas, are crucial issues in Italy.


The present invention is directed to a panned confectionery product comprising a chocolate piece having a color adherent coating on a surface of the chocolate piece, wherein the coating comprises a color adherent coating solution selected from the group consisting of a chocolate polish and a confectionery glaze and at least one edible colorant adhered to the coating solution.


The development of Islamic banking industry is rapid. Data from Indonesian Bank shows the growth of asset annually (YoY) are 33.49%. This rapid growth brings the consequences of increasingly needed of Human Resources who understand the concept, practical and operationalization of Islamic bank. Nevertheless, the results of Indonesian's Bank research showing that there are 90% of Islamic bank employees do not has Islamic economic background. To meet the needs of this human resources, some vocational high schools (Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan) already has expertise program in Islamic bank. However, the Collage of Education in Indonesia does not yet has a department of Islamic Economic Education or a similar study program that produces a teacher of Islamic bank. Synergy between collage and teachers is needed to increase the teachers competence in teaching in Islamic Bank. This community service program done to improve understanding of teachers by conducting training in Demak District. Training materials related to the concept of Islamic economy, operationalization of Islamic banks and accounting. Based on data using a different test T-Test yielded a significance value are 0.000. This result that this training provides benefits of improving teachers' understanding of Islamic economy.


As the important role of construction measurement in building engineering the issues existed in construction measurement in small and medium sized cities are analyzed; at the same time corresponding quality assurance measures are proposed.


Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology revolutionizes the automatic identification of objects. In this paper, library logging system based on radio frequency identification (RFID) interface using Arduino Uno board as platform is proposed and prototyped. Technology in Arduino and RFID are reviewed. RFID MFRC522, is a highly integrated reader/writer IC for contactless communication at 13.56 MHz. RFID technology uses electromagnetic fields to transfer data to automatically identify objects. Information of books with RFID tags are registered in the database system. When books are scanned in the RFID reader, the system will automatically give the information of the book and the current date and time. User will input the borrowers' information which will automatically login into the system with the book details. Arduino microcontroller is used as a micro web server and a communications gateway among hardware modules.  Design shows that RFID interfacing using Arduino Uno board as platform can make library logging system more efficient and convenient through the automation of workflow processes. To reduce library losses, security and item identification should be combined in a single tag in future designs.


The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, now in the research and development phase, will undertake a wide angle, deep survey of the entire southern sky starting in 2014. The survey database will support a wide variety of astrophysical investigations, with particular emphasis on elucidating the nature of dark energy. To achieve its science goals, LSST will incorporate a silicon-based focal plane with unprecedented size (3Gpixel), speed (2 s readout), and sensitivity (high QE over 350–1000 nm wavelength). The technologies to be used in the LSST camera are described, with an emphasis on the silicon sensors and readout electronics.


The development situation of non-fiber polyester both at home and abroad,the main producing process of non-fiber polyester and their characteristics were reviewed.The applying situation of domestic and overseas non-fiber polyester products was introduced. Proposals were raised on non-fiber polyester producing process and development of new products in SINOPEC Shanghai Petrochemical Co,Ltd


S U M M A R Y Constraining laterally varying structures in planetary interiors is important for understanding both the composition and the internal dynamics of a planet. Recognizing that seismic imaging technique is currently only viable for studying the Earth's interior structures, methods that can be supported by advanced space geodetic techniques may become alternatives to 'image' the interiors of other planets. The method of tidal tomography is one possibility, and it relies on high precision measurement of the response of a planet to its body tide. However, it is essential to develop an efficient analytical tool that computes the dependence of tidal response to 3-D interior structures. In this paper, we present a complete formulation of such an analytical tool, which calculates to high accuracy the tidal response of a terrestrial planet with lateral heterogeneities in its elastic and density structures. We treat the lateral heterogeneities as small perturbations and derive the governing equations based on the perturbation theory. In a spherical harmonic representation, equations at each order of perturbation are reduced into multiple matrix equations at harmonics that are allowed by mode couplings, and the total response equals the sum of all those single-harmonic responses, which can be solved semi-analytically. We test our perturbation method by applying it to the Moon with a harmonic degree-1 mantle structure for which the perturbation solutions of the tidal response are compared with those from a fully numerical method. The remarkable agreement between results from these two methods validates the perturbation method. As an example, we then use the perturbation method to evaluate the impact of lunar crustal thickness variations on tidal response of the Moon. We find that lunar crust produces much smaller degree-3 tidal responses than a relatively weak degree-1 structure in the deep lunar mantle. Our calculations show that degree-3 tidal response measurements may hold key constraints on possible degree-1 mantle structure of the Moon, as suggested from previous modelling results.


The paper presents the results of radiation risk assessment for the staff of a nuclear power plant design during design basis accident (spent nuclear fuel assembly falling on fuel in reactor core or storage pool during refueling operations) and a beyond design basis accident (large leakage of the primary coolant with failure of the active part of the emergency cooling system and complete blackout for 24 h). The assessment is based on state-of-the-art radiation risk models from the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) and the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). The calculation of risk indicators for occupational exposure of NPP staff in emergency situations was carried out on the basis of data obtained using a computational module created in the COMSOL 5.6 multiphysics software, doses from a radioactive cloud and internal exposure due to inhalation for such radionuclides as 134Cs, 137Cs, 131I, 133I, 90Sr. A feature of this approach is the detailed consideration of the NPP industrial site infrastructure, which allows obtaining a more accurate assessment of the radionuclide air distribution and fallout.


Background : Despite a significant increase in the number of persons using Methamphetamine, limited data exist concerning demographic characteristics non-fatal meth "Shisha" overdoses, seeking for treatment. Methods: Gender differences in socio-demographic characteristics, drug use record and self-harm behaviors related to Methamphetamine "Shisha" overdose were examined among 263 patients (189males, 74 females) admitted to poison center, Loghman hospital. Results: Of the 263 methamphetamine "Shisha" overdose included in this study, 189 (71.9%) were Male and 74 (28.1%) were female with mean of age of 34 years and standard deviation of 12.8. Male "Shisha" users were more likely to be married, middle school educated, and self-employed. History of drug abuse was positive in 73.5% mainly in male. "Shisha" was the main drug used by 24.6% male and 23.1% female subjects. Inhalation was main rout in 174 (66.2%) of cases. Conclusion: There may be gender difference in the characteristics of participants with "Shisha" overdose. The findings suggest that interventional programs are necessary for specific risk reduction strategies.


Angelou's autobiographies are the conscience of AfroAmericans, especially for the black women who have to survive struggling against masculine prejudice and hatred of whites. As in the words of Angelou: "The fact that the adult American Negro female emerges a formidable character is often met with amazement, distaste and even belligerence. It is seldom accepted as an inevitable outcome of the struggle won by survivors, and deserves respect if not enthusiastic acceptance". Through her autobiographies, she put a new life in the deadly figures of Afro-Americans as slaves. Her optimistic poetry becomes strength of Afro-Americans. In real sense Maya Angelou is a leader of blacks, who made aware her race about their power as black woman is known as the synonym of strength. Her autobiographies are a treasure of optimism. She writes about the good forthcoming future of blacks.


The present paper experimentally studies the adoption of TMCP process in lieu of the tempering-quenching process in rolling 460 MPa steel with three different specifications of thickness selected as the test samples.By comparison of two different processes,namely TMCP and TMCP+RPC the optimal production model is found out and then the medium and heavy plate of 460 MPa grade with excellent composite properties is produced.


The waste frying oil degradation from the food industry was studied, using bacterial strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The sources of nitrogen used were potassium nitrate and urea, which were compared with ammonium sulfate, which is a commonly used nitrogen source. Likewise, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) was obtained as a value-added product. Bacterial strains were isolated from soil and effluents of "Empresa Papelera de Trupal" and identified by biochemical tests. Aerobic fermentations were also carried out in batch culture and oil consumption, biomass production and PHA production were evaluated. Thus, an oil degradation of around 95%, a biomass production of up to 9 g/L and a PHA production of up to 1.50 g/L are seen


In this paper an optimal load shedding approach for electrical distribution network with and without Distributed Generation (DG) to improve the voltage stability is presented. Finding effective location of load shedding for identifying weak buses is very important so that, voltage stability index is used for identifying the sensitive buses to the voltage collapse. The objective is to minimize the sum of curtailed load, voltage deviation index (VDI) and maximization of voltage magnitudes of weak buses with in frame-work of system operational and security constraints. The final optimization problem is then solved by genetic algorithm (GA). A detailed performance analysis is carried out on 33 bus system to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.


The legal provisions of a contract vary from one country to another, therefore, forming a contract between parties from various legal systems runs the risk of a fault or imperfection in the formation of a contract, which might affect one party's rights in the event of a contractual dispute. Although both the civil and common legal systems employ similar legal theoretical techniques with regards to the interpretation of a contract, yet they differ in their meaning and applicability. Therefore, this study aims to develop a comparative analysis relating to the role of contractual legal techniques between the Contract law of Pakistan – a common law country, and the European (EU) countries – civil law countries, especially Germany and France. Not only this, but the study also aims at comparing women's general as well as the contractual status between the two different legal systems for the purpose of ad-dressing current problems and proposing suitable recommendations. The thesis con-sists of four major chapters. The first chapter provides insight into the reasons for comparing contract law between two different legal systems. The second chapter highlights the need for a uniform European contract law and analyses several contractual theoretical legal techniques between Pakistan and the EU in a comparative method. Chapter 3 focuses on the prevailing Shariah law and women's rights in Pakistan at length. Chapter 4 compre-hensively compares the legal and contractual status of women in Pakistan and the EU to propose reforms in the existing unequal treatment of the female gender in Pakistan. Finally, Chapter 5 summarizes the entire thesis work compactly, providing solutions to existing problems in Pakistan either by incorporation of the EU laws into the domestic legislation or amendment to the current legislation concerning contracts and women.


The international Residential Assessment Instrument (interRAI) was developed by an international consensus using the best available evidence. The interRAI-Home Care (interRAI-HC) is mandatory and used throughout New Zealand (NZ) for all older people requiring assessment for government funded support or for entry into aged residential care. As of March 2015, over 80,000 assessments have been completed. Data is continuously gathered by trained assessors who undergo a 2-day training program overseen by the Ministry of Health. They then have to complete 10 assessments, which are quality reviewed, prior to carrying out interRAI-HC assessments without supervision. To ensure quality is maintained, each assessor has two interRAI-HC assessments randomly reviewed each year and they also have to complete and pass an annual online coding assessment. Individual-level data that are available from the interRAI-HC suite include, but are not limited to, medical conditions, social demographics, frailty, cognitive function, and physical function. The interRAI-HC tool also has a changes in health, end-stage disease, and signs and symptoms (CHESS) scale which is designed to identify individuals at risk of serious decline. There are also other interRAI-HC measurements. For example, a method for assigning priority levels (MAPLe) score, which is a predictor of nursing home placement need and caregiver distress. The use of interRAI-HC allows these important factors to be extracted and assessed as potential confounding factors in examining health outcomes at a population level. Evidence from clinical trials can be rarely extrapolated to the geriatric population given representation of older people is often low in clinical trials and more importantly, they are a diverse and heterogeneous group that are difficult to subject a clinical trial investigation to. Geriatric pharmacoepidemiology can potentially provide important information from large and representative sample of real world patients. There is more scope to examine multiple drug exposures (type and dose) together with social and clinical risk factors for a longer period of follow up time. However, the main challenge of geriatric pharmacoepidemiological research is in the area of confounding. Only few epidemiological studies have controlled for important confounders, and it is accepted as a caveat in pharmacoepidemiological research that residual confounding and confounding by indication cannot be completely eliminated The novelty of the interRAI-HC assessments is that it accounts for numerous social, psychological and, clinical risk factors when examining health outcomes in a geriatric population. Therefore, by utilizing a vast reservoir of variables contained in the interRAI-HC suite, reliable population-level evidence with appropriate confounding control can be generated. The interRAI-HC database (Figure 1) can be linked to several of NZ Ministry of Health national collections including prescription use (Pharms database), hospital discharges (National Minimum Dataset), mortality data, and laboratory collections. Individual records in these national collections include a unique 7-digit alpha-numeric identifier, the National Health Index identifier (NHI). The NHIs


. The Radon transform R on CP" associates to a point function/(jc) the hyperplane function Rf(H) by integration over the hyperplane H. Il R' is the dual transform, we can invert R'R by a polynomial in the Laplace-Beltrami operator, and verify the formula of Helgason [7] with very simple computations. We view the Radon transform as a G-invariant map between representations of the group of isometries G = U(n + 1) on function spaces attached to CP". Pulling back to a sphere via a suitable Hopf fibration and using the theory of spherical harmonics, we can decompose these representations into irreducibles. The scalar by which R acts on each irreducible is given by a simple integral. Thus we obtain an explicit formula for R. The action of R'R is immediately related to the spectrum of CP". This shows that R'R can be inverted by a polynomial in the Laplace-Beltrami operator. Similar procedures give corresponding results for the other compact 2-point homogeneous spaces: RT"1, HP", OP", as well as spheres.


Purpose: The study purposed to assess the extent to which managers apply user-generated content (monitoring and response) among 3-5-star hotels in Kenya.Methodology: The study adopted a quantitative approach and survey design. The population entailed 441 hotel managers, including general, guest relations, and marketing managers from 147 3-5-star hotels in Kenya. Multistage sampling was used to select a sample of 252 hotel managers, and data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. The extent of the managers' application of UGC and their perception of hospitality service experience was assessed through mean ranking and standard deviation. Findings: The results indicate that hotel managers primarily apply UGC to a large extent by checking the number of unfavorable sentiments (M=4.523, SD=1.584) and checking positive content generated by customers about their hotels (M=4.958, SD=1.454). Recommendations: The study recommends that further studies be conducted on low-end hotels with a focus on their extent of application of UGC and service experience enhancement. Low-end hotels may comprise one- and two-star hotels. Moreover, further research may look into hotel managers' motivation to apply UGC across different hotel ratings.


Using data from WIND, SAMPEX (Solar Anomalous, and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer), and the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) sensors onboard geostationary satellites, we investigate the correlation of energetic electrons in the 20–200 keV range in the solar wind and of high speed solar wind streams with relativistic electrons in the magnetosphere to determine whether energetic electrons in the solar wind are the source of the outer relativistic electron radiation belt. Though there is some correlation between energetic electron enhancements in the solar wind and enhancements in the outer radiation belt, the phase space density of 20–200 keV electrons in the solar wind is not adequate to supply the outer radiation belt electrons. Although lower energy electrons in the solar wind could be a seed population of the outer radiation belt, such lower energy electrons cannot achieve relativistic energies through the normal process of radial transport which conserves the first adiabatic invariant. Thus additional internal acceleration processes are required within the magnetosphere to produce the outer radiation belt. High speed solar wind streams are well correlated with increased magnetic activity and with increased fluxes in the outer radiation belt. The maximum correlation between the high speed streams and the radiation belt flux occurs with an increasing time delay for higher energies and and lower L values. We conclude that acceleration processes within the magnetosphere which are well correlated with high speed solar wind streams are responsible for the outer radiation belt electrons.


Ranciere is a political thinker who wants to give a spirit of optimism in citizenship equality. This spirit sparks in his view of democracy which he emphasizes not in consensus but dissensus. This means that democracy focuces more on disagreement rather than agreement of the winner in electoral vote because for him democracy should instead focus on votes that were not won. This is an ethical question why those who are marginalized are not accomodated. Only by dissensus, appropriateness and distribution of socio-cultural roles always be transformative and dynamic. In literary works, marginalized voices are important because it is locus of conflict This means that there are undemocratic nuances in literary works which are also the main issue. On the other hand, this also proves that democracy is a struggle that is never final because there is no absolute victory, that is, it is impossible to win votes in total. Hence, there is always a reason why there are votes that are not won? As a result, the consensus of winners is constantly questioned through dissensus since there is disagreement, or reconsideration for the sake of conditions for equitable distribution of justice. Ranciere traces all the problems of democracy not only in the world of politics but also in culture and even literature, which is indeed is full of discrimination that perpetuates the social hierarchy. Thus, this paper wants to provide a conceptual framework for democratization practices in the literary and cultural space by referring to Ranciere's thoughts in order to prevent works not only good representations but also questioned majority-based truth.


Geography occupied largely the position of a subsidiary subject to history in the Finnish secondary schools towards the end of the 19th century, but later spread to cover all the forms in the school, first those of the middle school and later the high school as well. For most of the present century it has been linked with natural history (biology), the two subjects being the responsibility of the same specialist teacher. The principal emphasis in the teaching was upon regional geography throughout the period studied, with general geography concentrated in the last year of the middle school and the high school years. The content was heavily weighted towards physical geography at first, but the proportion of teaching in human geography began to increase after the Second World War. Accent has also been placed in more recent years upon the interaction between man and nature and the applications of geographical studies in society. School geography possessed close relations both with the academic geographical community and with biology in the early part of the period, but the middle years were a time of separation and disparity in which school geography was cut off both from the content of university geography studies and from school biology. Some reversal of this trend is seen in the most recent period, however, with the focusing of attention on matters of common interest, such as environmental questions. Normal 0 21 false false false FI X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */
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In order to evaluate the suitability of additives for the asphalt pavement with long-steep slope, three kinds of additives were selected to prepare asphalt mixture specimens, and the road performances of the different mixtures were also tested in laboratory. Then, the fuzzy comprehensive method was applied to evaluate the comprehensive performance of the asphalt mixtures with different additives. It is indicated that the rutting resistance of asphalt mixtures with additives is improved observably, and the other road performance can also be improved to a certain extent. The fuzzy synthesis evaluation is an available way to obtain the comprehensive property sequence of asphalt mixtures with different additives, and the comprehensive performance of asphalt mixtures with LF 8000 is the best. The research affords a reference to chose additives for asphalt pavement with long-steep slope.


(1) Association of intestinal obstruction with carcinoma of the colon is the most important factor contributing to the immediate mortality of this disease.


A graphical and visual simulation system for the study of optical packet switching (OPS) nodes is accomplished. With the simulation system, the effect on physical performance — bit error rate (BER) due to a variety of factors such as the crosstalk parameters of OPS nodes, number of cascaded OPS nodes, length of optical output buffer, traffic load and fluctuation of amplitude of optical signals are evaluated. Reliability of the simulation system is proved by the analytical results obtained in all the above cases.


A quantitative light and electron microscope study of developing and degenerating mycorrhizal arbuscules of Glomus fasciculatum in Zea mays was carried out in order to estimate three parameters during the colonization cycle. These were: 1) Vv(tc) the fraction of the host cell volume occupied by a volume offungus; 2) Vv(cy,c), the fraction ofthe host cell volume occupied by host cytoplasm; 3) Sv(prc)> the surface-area-to-volume ratio of the host protoplast to the whole host cell. Uninfected cortical cells had an Sv(pr,c) of 0. 13 ,um2/,um3. As the fungus penetrates the cell wall, the protoplast invaginates, causing a decrease in protoplast volume and an increase in protoplast Sv. The Sv(pr,c) of a cell containing a mature arbuscule is 1.275 ,um2/,um3. Because of the shrinkage of the protoplast, the Sv of the protoplast to its own volume rather than the original cell volume is 2.55 ,um2/,um3, or almost a 20-fold increase. Total cell size is unaffected. When the arbuscule is mature, the fungus occupies 42% of the cell, with 24% as 1,um-diam branches, and 18% as trunk. Arbuscular branch formation progresses at a linear rate and is the most important factor in causing the increased host Sv. The correlation coeEcient for Vv(br,c) the volume fraction for arbuscular branches, vs. Sy(pr,c) is r = 0.932 (P < 0.001). Degeneration of the arbuscule is marked by a rapid decrease in branches, host Sv, and host cytoplasm. The trunk develops and degenerates at a slower rate than the branches. INFECTION of land plants by mycorrhizal fungi can lead to a growth increase (Gerdemann, 1968; Mosse, 1973). This increase usually is due to the increased level of mineral nutrients, especially phosphorus, that the fungus absorbs and transports to the host (Hattingh, Gray and Gerdemann, 1973; Pearson and Tinker, 1975; Rhodes and Gerdemann, 1975) primarily by cytoplasmic streaming of phosphate granules (Cox et al., 1980). Carbohydrates produced by the host are absorbed by the fungus (Rhodes and Gerdemann, 1978). The site of exchange t Received for publication 25 September 1982; revision accepted 4 August 1983. This study was supported in part by a Northern Illinois University Graduate School Fund grant and a Faculty Research Participation grant to the senior author while at Argonne National Laboratory; the remainder of the fundingwas providedby the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Energy Research through its University/National Laboratory Cooperative Program. The authors wish to thank Ms. Paula Rebert and Ms. Andrea S. White for technical assistance. is presumed to be the arbuscule, which is ideally suited for such a function because of the large surface areas of host and fungus that are in contact. Several different vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal associations have been observed at the ultrastructural level. Results of these studies have been summarized (see Brown and King, 1982a, b; Carling and Brown, 1982; Nemec, 1982, for bibliographies). Exclusions from these reviews include studies by Bonfante-Fasolo (1978, 1982), Bonfante-Fasolo and Grippiolo (1982), Bonfante-Fasolo et al. (1981), Capaccio and Callow (1982), Gianinazzi-Pearson et al. (1978), Kariya and Toth (1981), Marx etal. (1982), Scannerini, Bonfante and Fontana (1975), and Strullu, Gourret and Garrec (1981). These studies have led to two theories concerning the transfer of nutrients between host and fungus. BurgeS(1938) (cited in Cox and Tinker, 1976) suggested that the main mechanism of nutrient transfer to the host was digestion of fungal structures. Kinden and Brown (1975) supported this concept. However, transport of carbon moieties to the fungus prior to fungal degeneration must occur. Transport during the mature arbuscule stage could also account for the transfer of inorganic nutrients, especially phosphorusS to the host (Cox and Tinker, 1976). In order to assess the contribution, if any, of each of these mechanisms


It was a pleasure being part of the Production Oriented Approach (POA) Symposium at Beijing Foreign Studies University. As a teacher and researcher of writing, I am particularly happy to see an attempt to integrate language production throughout the instructional routine. As a former language learner, it resonates with my own experience of language learning in which production (primarily writing) played a central role. In a sense, POA is an attempt to break away from the outdated assumptions about the hierarchy of language learning—input over output and speech over writing—that were promulgated as part of the early 20th century ideology of language and language learning known as audiolingualism (Matsuda, 2001). Although audiolingualism and its related "methods" have been thoroughly stigmatized in the literature, some of the assumptions about language and language learning—such as the notion that listening and reading should precede speaking and writing—have persisted in many classrooms. By having a well-articulated set of principles and guidelines as well as materials that systematically incorporate various ideas that have been developed over the last 50 years or so, POA can guide college English teachers in China as they update their classroom practices. POA makes sense as a way of helping students become active language users who can go beyond just understanding or appreciating discourse produced by other people. One does not become a good cook just by eating a lot or by eating a variety of dishes; it is important to practice making a wide variety of dishes and to learn the specific steps and strategies for cooking. Input is essential in developing language resources, but it is not sufficient for language production. All good writers are good readers, but not all good readers are good writers. Reading is necessary but not sufficient as a preparation for writing—a form of language production. The same goes for speaking. I am particularly attracted to the attempt to highlight the role of language production as a vehicle for self-assessment. In addition to creating a more comprehensive environment for developing all aspects of language use, POA promotes the use of language production from the very beginning, thus helping them become aware of gaps in their own knowledge and skills—the kind of awareness that help students learn more efficiently and effectively from the language materials that are presented. That is, the attempt to produce language


A new vinylamine equivalent, N-vinyloxazolone 3, has been prepared in three steps and shown to undergo Heck arylation with a variety of substrates. The Heck adducts thus obtained are then converted in one step and high yield to phenethylamine hydrochlorides. As a general synthetic method for preparation of substituted phenethylamines, use of this new reagent is shown to be superior to N-vinylphthalimide in number of steps, regiospecificity, and chemical yield


With the advance of technology, microfilms has become a popular tool for advertisers to promote their products. Singapore Tourism Board also caught up with the trend. It distributed a microfilm, "Find Love from the Heart". The microfilm was starred by Ariel Lin and continued the plot of a popular Taiwanese drama "In Time with You". It took the scene to Singapore to attract more Taiwanese and Chinese tourists to Singapore. In the study, we use the microfilm "Find Love from the Heart" as a case. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between the actors preference value, the content involvement, the microfilm satisfaction, and the travel intention, also to investigate the effects of the actors preference value and the content involvement on the travel intention through the microfilm satisfaction. This study collect anonymous questionnaires from junior high school and college students. The subjects were asked to watch the microfilm and then answered the questionnaire. 280 valid questionnaires have been collected. This study uses SPSS 14.0 to analyze the results and Sobel to examine the mediating effect of the microfilm satisfaction. The results show that the actors preference value and the content involvement all have positive effects on the microfilm satisfaction; the microfilm satisfaction has a positive effect on the travel intention; the actors preference value and the content involvement all have positive effects on the travel intention; the relationships between the actors preference value and the travel intention and also between the content involvement and the travel intention are mediated by the microfilm satisfaction. Hoping the study is helpful to tourism boards in other countries or cities.


We studied the biochemical properties of tyrosyl ring (5-) deiodination of L-T3 and L-T4 by cerebrocortical microsomes from euthyroid rats. Incubations contained radioiodinated L-T3) or L-T4 and dithiothreitol (DTT), and products were analyzed by paper chromatography. The pH maximum was 7.5 for 5-deiodination of both T3 and T4. Increasing the DTT concentration from 5 to 200 mM caused a progressive increase in the 5- deiodination rate of 2 nM T3, but at 500 mM DTT the rate decreased. When three DTT concentrations (5.25, 10.1, and 20.1 mM) were used, double reciprocal plots of 5-deiodination rate as a function of T3 concentration (from 0.3–40 nM) showed a sequential type kinetic pattern, with a limiting Kn of 1.7 nM L-T3. Cerebral microsomes from 4-day-old rats had an apparent Km for L-T3 similar to that of cerebrocortical microsomes from adult rats, but the neonatal tissues had a 3.5- to 10-fold higher apparent maximum velocity. At 50 mM DTT, L-T3 and L-T4 each inhibited 5-deiodination of the other. The ap...


Lime mortars can suffer alterations when subjected to gaseous pollutants. Particulate air pollutants can also be deposited and incorporated to the mortar surfaces. Thus, they can be used as pollution tracers allowing us to measure deposition rates of pollutants to compare pollution loads. To calculate deposition rates the absolute age of the studied mortars must be known. Luminescence dating allows estimating the age of lime mortars but involves some partially unsolved problems. Luminescence yields the age of an object from the ratio between paleodose or cumulative radiation dose in the minerals of that object and the annual dose rate of ionizing radiation. The development of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) in the last years and the application of statistical tools have resulted in the first dating of lime mortars. In this work mortars from old buildings and have been collected from two urban sites (A Coruna, Spain, and Braga, Portugal) to estimate their ages by luminescence. Thus, the mortars could be used as passive samplers to calculate deposition rates and relate these to different pollution loads. Results show partial successful estimates and some related problems in younger mortars are discussed.


Economic and social mobility for any ethnic group in the United States is largely conditioned upon the educational progress of its members. Many Americans are convinced that equal educational opportunity has opened professional doors, previously closed by discrimination and prejudice, for minorities over the last twenty years. Nevertheless, there are many who contend that the doors are either revolving or slowly being closed by attentuating affirmative action policies and a fallacious perception that quality and equal education are competing philosophies. Thirty-one years after the landmark Brown vs. Topeka Board of Education case, which outlawed de jure segregation in public schools, American education faces new crises which are adversely affecting minorities and their hopes for bright futures. Black and Spanish-speaking children comprise the "majority" in many of the country's largest metropolitan school districts. According to Goertz and Pitcher,' by the year 2000, students of minority-group extractions will constitute the major enrollments in fifty-three cities, and the projected teaching force will consist of only 5 percent black teachers (now, black teachers constitute 8.6 percent of the workforce). Quality schooling for black youth is critically important for general economic and social mobility, and specifically to prepare them for entry into the teaching profession.


The guideline EARLY DETECTION OF BREAST CANCER IN GERMANY aims to assist physicians, healthy women and patients in their decision-making by providing information and formal consensus-based recommendations regarding the diagnostic chain for the early detection of breast cancer. This guideline updates the previous version published in 2003. The guideline is a precondition to establish an effective and efficient national early breast cancer detection program in accordance with the requirements for cancer control programs of the European Council and the WHO. The core imaging technique of an early detection program is mammography, used either in screening or diagnostic settings. Breast healthcare outcomes can be improved by embedding this imaging technology in a quality-assured diagnostic chain. The guideline offers state-of-the-art scientific and medical knowledge based on evidence and consensual recommendations covering all multidisciplinary aspects of the diagnostic chain including clinical history taking, risk consultation and risk communication, breast health awareness, physical breast examination, breast imaging, interventional guided biopsy, excision biopsy and breast pathology. The guideline includes formal measures such as quality indicators to assure resource availability, process quality and outcomes of the diagnostic chain. Early detection of breast cancer is at present the most promising means of optimizing the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer and consequently of reducing mortality and morbidity while improving the quality of life of survivors. The aim is to detect breast cancer during the pre-invasive or early invasive stage to obtain a five-year survival rate of more than 90 % with adequate treatment. Detecting more non invasive breast cancers might even help to reduce the incidence of disease. Within the scope of secondary prevention it offers the chance of cure during the early stage of disease with less radical and thus less straining modes of treatment..


Water ice-rich patches have been detected on the surface of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko by the VIRTIS hyperspectral imager on-board the Rosetta spacecraft, since the orbital insertion in late August 2014. Among those, three icy patches have been selected, and VIRTIS data have been used to analyse their properties and temporal evolution while the comet was moving towards the Sun. We performed an extensive analysis of the spectral parameters, and we applied the Hapke radiative transfer model to retrieve the abundance and grain size of water ice, as well as the mixing modalities of water ice and the ubiquitous dark refractory terrains of the surface. Study of the spatial distribution of the spectral parameters within the ice-rich patches has revealed that water ice follows different patterns associated to a bimodal distribution of the grains: ~50 μm sized and ~2000 μm sized, respectively in intimate and areal mixture with the dark material. In all three cases we identified different stages of the evolution of abundance of ice in the selected patches after the first detections at about 3.5 AU heliocentric distance; the spatial extension and intensity of the water ice spectral features reached a maximum after 60-100 days at about 3.0 AU, was followed by an approximately equally timed decrease, and the features were no longer visible when observed again at about ~2.2 AU, before perihelion. The exposure of deeper layers is consistent with their occurrence in "active" areas where falls or landslides could have caused the occasional exposure of water ice-rich layers. After the initial exposure of the ice, the activity of the affected area increases thus causing dust removal powered by sublimation, which provides a positive feedback on the exposure itself. The process develops as the solar flux increases, and it reaches a turning point when the exposure rate is outweighed by the sublimation rate, until the complete sublimation of the patch. It is interesting to note that the behaviour of the analysed patches was very similar with a lifecycle of about 180 days, which can be ascribed to a seasonal cycle. In addition to the observed seasonal cycle we found evidence of short-term variability associated to a diurnal water cycle. Our analysis, in addition to previous work (Filacchione et al., 2016; Barucci et al., 2016; Ciarniello et al., 2016), indicates that water ice is rather evenly distributed in the subsurface and that no large water ice reservoirs are present.


Summary Intronization, adding extra minutiae to the original fingerprint minutiae template, is tested for two different situations: verification (1:1) and identification (1:N). Our preliminary experimental results demonstrate that fingerprint minutiae templates intronized with different minutiae sets can still match with high selectivity. Therefore, intronization can be used to protect biometric templates.


In recent years, future generation wireless communication technologies are most the prominent fields in which many innovative techniques are used for effective communication. Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing is one of the important technologies used for communication in future generation technologies. Although it gives efficient results, it has some problems during the implementation in real-time. MIMO and OFDM are integrated to have both their benefits. But, noise and interference are the major issues in the MIMO OFDM systems. To overcome these issues multiuser detection method is used in MIMO OFDM. Several algorithms and mathematical formulations have been presented for solving multiuser detection problem in MIMO OFDM systems. The algorithms such as genetic simulated annealing algorithm, hybrid ant colony optimization algorithm are used for multiuser detection problem in previous studies. But, due to the limitations of those optimization algorithms, the results obtained are not significant. In this research, to overcome the noise and interference problems, hybrid firefly optimization algorithm based on the evolutionary algorithm is proposed. The proposed algorithm is compared with the existing multiuser detection algorithm such as particle swarm optimization, CEFM-GADA [complementary error function mutation (CEFM) and a differential algorithm (DA) genetic algorithm (GA)] and Hybrid firefly optimization algorithm based on evolutionary algorithm. The simulation results shows that performance of the proposed algorithm is better than the existing algorithm and it provides a satisfactory trade-off between computational complexity and detection performance


The sediment cores of the Chew Bahir drilling project, part of the Hominin Sites and Paleolakes Drilling Project (HSPDP), from southern Ethiopia, were used to reconstruct climatic changes by analyzing the sediment geochemistry with high-resolution XRF scanning. To interpret the multidimensional XRF dataset we computed a principal component analysis. We used the first principal component (PC1) to detect changes in variability by running a windowed standard deviation analysis and additionally a change point analysis to detect the exact timing of variability changes.


A double-focusing alpha spectrometer was used in studies of Pu/sup 241/ alpha emission. The five groups of alpha particles (their energies, relative intensities, and forbiddenness factors) are tabulated. (R.V.J.)


Policy of wage which is central goverment authority before, now becoming regional authority which listed on governoor policy. Various stakeholder involved on this policy formulation causes conflict of interest happened. Each part try to give the most rational reason for getting integrative solution. This research aim to describe various of interest based on bounded rationality perspective, then mapping conflict which happen at all. This research use qualitative descriptive method. The result showed that bounded rationality appear from the difference of satisficing from a policy, incomplete knowledge which is bounding the rationality, and bureaucracy values which is bounding goverment behavior. Furthermore, the conflict of interest which happened in formulation of minimum wage policy can be analyzed by conflict pattern analisys with "win-lose" situation


The invention discloses an efficient dust removing waste heat recycling and energy saving device which is widely applicable to fields such electric power and metallurgy. The efficient dust removing waste heat recycling and energy saving device comprises an upper end socket, a lower end socket, a channel, a shell, insulating filing material, a heat transfer tube bundle, a cyclone cluster 6, an ash retaining plate, a support plate, a guide cylinder and a support. The cyclone cluster is used to guide high-temperature flue gas into the device, the high-temperature flue gas rotates downwardly along the guide cylinder under pressure, and dust in the flue gas can slide downwardly under inertia force; the dust-removed high-temperature flue gas flows upwardly along a spiral passage on the shell side of a variable space turbulent flow heat exchanger, heat exchange between the flue gas and medium in heat exchange tubes is performed through tube walls, and dust removing and waste heat recycling of the high-temperature flue gas are achieved. The efficient dust removing waste heat recycling and energy saving device has the advantages that heat exchanger shell side variable space turbulent flow is used ingeniously, inertial force cyclone dust removing and heat exchanger shell side variable runner heat transfer are combined integrally, so that the whole device is low in pressure drop, low in resistance, and cost saving during operation.


The architecture of the military orders in the medieval Kingdom of Hungary-Croatia, in Medieval Slavonia, is a highly complex phenomenon. In many cases (except the churches in Gora and Nasice), the attribution of the churches to the building activity of the military orders is based solely on the assumed connection between the estates mentioned in the literary sources and the actual churches built on their vaguely bordered territory. That makes the Templar or Hospitaller provenance of such buildings highly dubious. The knightly orders constitute a significant factor in the definition of the feudal landscape during the 13th and at the beginning of the 14th century, but in most cases, much more caution, as well as further research is needed before the final attribution of the medieval architecture existing in that area to the military orders.


Abstract.Hysteresis in resistivity across first order paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition in polycrystallineCo(S1xSex)2,0.07 ≤x ≤ 0.14 have been studied. It shows that with increase in Se substitution transition temperature shifts to low temperature and hysteresis increases. As expected the hysteresis is predominantlydetermined by temperature. Though transition width depends sensitively on the disorder present in the sample, a monotonic increase in hysteresis is observed with Se substitution.


Shifting the design entry point up to the system level is the most important countermeasure adopted to manage the increasing complexity of SoCs. The reason is that decisions taken at this level, ea ...


Abstract This article adopts a critically attuned understanding of cosmopolitanism in its reading of Monique Ilboudo's Le mal de peau, Sefi Atta's Swallow and Aminata Sow Fall's Douceurs du bercail. It focuses on the ways in which imaginings of cosmopolitan futures and ideals become compromised through the trope of aborted transnational journeys. All these works draw attention to the complexities of the postcolonial condition and such sequels to the colonial project as political instability of the postcolony, the unequal consequences of globalization and African immigration to Europe. With respect to the theme of transnational travel, it is noteworthy that the novels represent networks of mobility, such as airports and airplanes, as sites where the hindrances in the way of cosmopolitanism become realized. The trope of aborted transnational journeys also has gendered dimensions in the novels; it is often in the intimacy of the female body that the meanings of failing cosmopolitanism become inscribed.