Phenomena such as natural precipitation of gold crystals of 5~40μm in diameter in volcanic gas, and the discovery of gold by geochemical geogas measurements indicate that gold could exist in a gaseous phase in nature. Firstly, in this experimental study a sulphur-bearing alkanethiol-derivatized gold nanoparticles has been selected. The alkanethiol-derivatized gold was put in the mud-stone samples bearing terreau. At various elevated temperatures the gaseous products were collected by foam plastics in a special device. The measurements of the contents of gold in foam plastics and the composition of gas phase were carried out and the comparison between various samples has been made. Experimental results indicate that the contents of gold from the samples with alkanethiol-derivatized gold nanoparticles added are higher than those treated with chloroauric acid. The phenomenon is obviously related to the hydrocarbon gases at elevated temperature, but can also be interpreted from the migration of gold nanoparticles. However the gold nanoparticles have to be stabilized in the thiol-structure, the migration of gold is related mainly to the hydrocarbon gases produced by the experiments. The results provide experimental evidence for migration of gold related with organic evolution in the mineralization, and also show the close relation between the migration of gold nanoparticles and the organic matter in geological process.


Cultural characteristics of students play an essential role in education. In college, the independent model of self is widely prevalent, whereas first-generation college students practice the interdependent model of self. The present paper argues that first-generation college students are more prone to drop out because of the cultural difference they experience in education. So, dropout is looking through the lenses of cultural perspectives. The paper divided into three sections. The first section focuses on cultural characteristics; the second section focuses on student dropout and finally showed how it relates. Thus, the paper attempted to highlight the importance of maintaining cultural diversity to prevent dropout in higher education.


Press release announcing publication of the second edition of L. D. Miles' TECHNIQUES OF VALUE ANALYSIS AND ENGINEERING. Summarizes book, and gives brief profile of the author.


Walker and McCabe's (1973) national survey of hospital orders made in the 12-month period April 1963 to March 1964 will no doubt be a bench-mark for many years among studies of the treatment of mentally disordered offenders. The study was only a part of a wide-ranging discussion of the Mental Health Act which was not concluded for some years. During this period it was possible to include a follow-up study of the reconvictions in the subsequent two years of those released in the first year, and of those released in the second year for one year subsequently. By the end of the second year after commitment 42 per cent, were still in hospital but 58 per cent, had been released with the explicit consent of the consultant or his implicit consent after absconding, since their recall had not been ordered.


We present the facile modulation of the optical properties of the conjugated polymers via polymer reactions. The polymers composed of diketonate and fluorene were prepared, and boron complexation was performed after polymer synthesis. By changing feed ratios of BF3·Et2O, which is a reagent to produce a boron diketonate complex, the series of polymers with various complexation ratios with boron at the diketonate unit can be obtained. These synthesized polymers showed diverse optical properties. In the solution states, the quantum yields of emission were greatly changed by the complexation ratios with boron. Accordingly, the polymers with complexation ratio of 21% present the largest intensity. In addition, the emission color can be tuned by changing the complexation ratios in the films. From blue to orange, the emissions were achieved. It was revealed that induced charge transfer between fluorene and boron diketonate should be the main path for the emission of the synthesized polymers.


The present study analyzes, in mice with loss‐of‐function mutation of TLR4, the role of TLR4, a target for saturated fatty acids, in modulating metabolism and endothelial function.


Hindlimb Unloading (HU) Using the traditional tail suspension model [2], rats were hindlimb unloaded for two periods of 4 weeks (28d) starting at day 0 and day 84. In Vivo Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT) Longitudinal scans were taken at the proximal tibia metaphysis (PTM) at baseline and every 28 days using a Stratec XCT Research-M device (Norland Corp., Fort Atkinson, WI), with a voxel size of 100 μm and a scanning beam thickness of 500 μm. Ex Vivo Femoral Neck (FN) Testing Femoral Neck specimens were harvested at the end of the study (Day 112). Femoral necks were placed vertically into a custom aluminum fixture and loaded until fracture with a mechanical testing system (Instron 3345, Norwood, MA). A crosshead speed of 2.54 mm/min was used.


This experiment is aimed to : (1) Develop the physics experiment guide
book based guided inquiry in light for 8th grade student. (2) Determine the quality
of the physics experiment guide book based guided inquiry in light for 8th grade
student. (3) Determine the student's response of the physics experiment guide
book based guided inquiry in light for 8th grade student. (4) Determine the
implementation of physics experiment guide book based guided inquiry in light
for 8th grade student.
This research is Research and Development (R&D) with four-D model.
There are 4 stages in Four-D model; (1) Define, (2) Design, (3) Develop, (4)
Disseminate. This research is restricted in Develop stage. Instruments used in this
research are validation paper, assessment paper, response of student questionnaire
paper and implementation paper. Assessment of quality product is used Likert
scale with 4 scale in checklist model.
The result of this research is a physics experiment guide book based guided
inquiry in light matery for 8th grade student. The quality of the product based on
material expert judgement is Good (score is 3,23). Media expert and Science
Teacher scores to product Very Good (score 3,86 and 3,80). The implementation
of the guide book has fulfill 11 indicators that scored by the observer. The
response of students in limited test and in wide test is agree. Scores is 0,94 and
0,92.


During the last two years the issue of use of beta-blockers in first line hypertension therapy is debated. Besides, evidence for refuse from wide of these agents is obtained from trials, testing relatively old agents such as atenolol with a number of negative metabolic effects. At the same time, newer representatives of beta-blockers with high selectivity, for example betaxolol do not. produce such adverse effects. This can indicate that the data obtained on atenolol cannot be extrapolated on the whole drug class.


Clinical application of virtual craniomaxillofacial surgery (VCMS) planning is demonstrated with four typical cases. An integral component to success is transferring the surgical plan to the operating environment within a reasonable time frame through the design and fabrication of surgical guides and implants.


1. A process for the preparation of compounds of general formula II! ,! wherein R1 represents a group! ! wherein R1.1 denotes H, C1-C3alkyl, C (O) -O-benzyl, C (O) -O-tert-butyl or benzyl, consisting in that! (A) a compound of general formula III! ,! wherein R1 is as defined above and X represents a hydrogen atom or a metal selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium and potassium, is coupled with a compound of general formula IV! ,! wherein R3 denotes imidazole or triazole residue attached via a nitrogen atom! (B) obtained in step (a) a compound of general formula II is isolated from the solvent, preferably by crystallization, and! (C) obtained in step (b) if necessary, the solid was recrystallized from a solvent. ! 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (a) 1.0 equivalent of compound of general formula III is reacted with 1.1-1.5 equivalents of the compound of general formula IV. ! 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the combination of step (a) is carried out in a polar solvent in the presence of a strong base. ! 4. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the crystallization in step (b), as well as for the recrystallization in step (c) the polar solvent is used independently. ! 5. A process for preparing compounds of general formula I! ,! wherein R1 represents a group! ,! wherein R1.1 denotes H, C1-C3alkyl, C (O) -O-benzyl, C (O) -O-tert-butyl or benzyl, and! R2 represents a secondary amine -NR2.1R2.2, where! R2.1 and R2.2 independently from each other may be selected from the group consisting of C1-C3 alkyl and benzyl, or! Group forms an entirely -NR2.1R2.2 cyclic amine which may be selected from the group consisting of morpholin-4-yl, 1-methylpiperazin-4-yl, 1-benzyl


ABSTRACT A growing body of literature posits that a population's denial of the salience of racial discrimination acts as a mechanism of its perpetuation. Moreover, scholars locate a population's propensity to deny racial discrimination in contemporary ideologies of racial mixing or ethnic fusion. Most quantitative studies of public opinion on these issues are limited to Latin America and the Spanish-speaking Caribbean. This study examines the case of Jamaica. We first (1) examine the extent of Jamaica's contemporary racial inequality using national census data. We then (2) use nationally representative data from the AmericasBarometer social survey to determine the extent to which a recognition of racial discrimination characterizes Jamaican public opinion. Finally, we (3) explore the salience of an ideology of racial mixing in Jamaica and (4) test whether that ideology affects the likelihood that Jamaicans acknowledge contemporary racial discrimination. Our findings document dramatic social inequality by skin colour in Jamaica and suggest that a majority embrace an ideology that racial mixing is negatively associated with Jamaicans' recognition of racial discrimination. We discuss our findings and their implications for understanding ideologies of racial mixing and racial inequality in the Americas.


Big data stream analytics platforms not only need to support performance-dictated elasticity benefiting for instance from Cloud environments. They should also support analytics that can evolve dynamically from the application viewpoint, given data nature can change so the necessary treatments on them. The benefit is that this can avoid to undeploy the current analytics, modify it off-line, redeploy the new version, and resume the analysis, missing data that arrived in the meantime. We also believe that such evolution should better be driven by autonomic behaviors whenever possible. We argue that a software component based technology, as the one we have developed so far, GCM/ProActive, can be a good fit to these needs. Using it, we present our solution, still under development, named GCM-streaming, which to our knowledge seems to be quite original.


The present invention, as depigmenting active ingredient in depigmenting compositions, the cosmetic use of at least one 2-alkyl furan, and associated related cosmetic treatment method. The present invention also provides for the preparation of the active agent as a depigmenting agent, also relates to the use of at least one 2-alkyl furan. The present invention further as depigmenting active ingredient, also relates to a depigmenting cosmetic composition comprising at least one 2-alkyl furan.


technocrats peaked in the mid-1980s, when Westpac entered an arrangement with IBM to develop software in which it would retain a proprietary interest. This ambitious plan fell behind schedule, was plagued by cost overruns, and never came to fruition. Diversification also broke down old barriers. Entry into new markets brought forth a new type of executive with different skills from those of the orthodox retail bankers. Lateral entry into senior positions became increasingly common, eroding the old career ladders. The appointment of an outsider, an American, as chief executive in 1993 signaled the end of the old order. The strength of this book is in its detail. The impact of changing government policies and the adoption of new technologies on the bank are drawn out through reference to internal documents and the reminiscences of the individuals most closely involved. The story is told warts and all. We see triumphs and disasters, reputations won and lost, and bungled succession planning. Divisions on the board and the breakdown in trust and communication between senior management and the board as the bank's fortunes plummeted are discussed in full. On the other hand, the authors have paid little heed to the considerable literature that exists about many of the broader issues they discuss, including the histories of a number of the bank's rivals. The book's thunder, an account of the bank's near-death experience, has been stolen to a large degree by Edna Carew's impressive study, Westpac: The Bank that Broke the Bank (1997), which also drew on the memories of the key players in the bank and its subsidiaries. That competitor notwithstanding, this book is an important addition to the list of histories of Australian banks.


Counterpoint for guitar with improvisation in the renaissance style and study in motivic metamorphosis by Dusan Bogdanovic. Published by Berben. 131 pages.


This paper empirically analyzes the interactive evolution pattern between the producer services and manufacturing industry using complete consumption coefficient method,the data of which is based on the input-output production tables of thirteen manufacturing industries and producer service industries ranging through the year 1987,1992,1997 and 2002.The conclusion suggests that China's Industrialization,featured by the interactive evolution of the above mentioned two category industries,has almost been matured,and the country is stepping into informationization stage.Compared to the United States,the mediate input from the producer services to the manufacturing industry is lower,vice higher.Finally,several suggestions are proposed to promote the begign interaction between the producer services and manufacturing industry.


Isites for the introduction of the fuzzyprobabilistic approach in the construction of mathematical models in personality psychology. The specificity of this field of psychology lies in the impossibility of constructing effective mathematical models by deterministic methods, including statistical ones. The fact is that statistical methods are intended for processing a variety of initial data and are used successfully in social psychology, which describes the trends of a certain phenomenon of a group of people «in general and in the middle», but are not applicable to an individual personality. The main position of the authors is the need to use the knowledge and experience of highly qualified specialistspsychologists who practice direct counseling of clients to solve personal psychological problems. The proposed apparatus for constructing fuzzy probability models is presented in the form of an algorithm that describes all the necessary steps – from working with an expert to interpreting models and using them to obtain qualitatively new information about the client's psychological state. The application of the fuzzyprobability approach is illustrated by the example of the synthesis of a mathematical model for assessing and predicting the psychological state of a woman's readiness to create a stable family


320 September 2006 Questions about treatment of offenders, especially those with antisocial personality disorder or its more malignant cousin, psychopathy, are common in our practices. The International Handbook of Psychopathic Disorders and the Law,1 edited by Sass and Felthous, which is currently in press, will offer a comprehensive update on this topic. This month's column summarizes some of the research on treatment principles and describes community and experiential programs. Dr. Stephen Thorne, a clinical psychologist with a special interest in forensic evaluation, joins me in bringing it to you.


The goal of next generation reactors is to increase energy efficiency in the production ofelectricity and provide high-temperature heat for industrial processes. The efficient trans-fer of energy for industrial applications depends on the ability to incorporate effectiveheat exchangers between the nuclear heat transport system and the industrial process.The need for efficiency, compactness, and safety challenge the boundaries of existingheat exchanger technology. Various studies have been performed in attempts to updatethe secondary heat exchanger that is downstream of the primary heat exchanger, mostlybecause its performance is strongly tied to the ability to employ more efficient industrialprocesses. Modern compact heat exchangers can provide high compactness, a measureof the ratio of surface area-to-volume of a heat exchange. The microchannel heatexchanger studied here is a plate-type, robust heat exchanger that combines compact-ness, low pressure drop, high effectiveness, and the ability to operate with a very largepressure differential between hot and cold sides. The plates are etched and thereafterjoined by diffusion welding, resulting in extremely strong all-metal heat exchangercores. After bonding, any number of core blocks can be welded together to provide therequired flow capacity. This study explores the microchannel heat exchanger and drawsconclusions about diffusion welding/bonding for joining heat exchanger plates, with bothexperimental and computational modeling, along with existing challenges and gaps.Also, presented is a thermal design method for determining overall design specificationsfor a microchannel printed circuit heat exchanger for both supercritical (24MPa) andsubcritical (17MPa) Rankine power cycles. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4007578]Keywords: heat exchanger, diffusion welding, diffusion bonding, diffusion modeling,printed circuit heat exchanger, process application, thermodynamic modeling


The practice of dentistry is becoming more and more complex and challenging. Rapid technical advances, patients as knowledgeable health care consumers, changing sociodemographic patterns and vastness of information; all place greater demands on clinical decision making. To practice in an evidence based manner, practitioners must be able to formulate a clear question, find the best available evidence efficiently, evaluate the evidence systematically and, if it is relevant and credible, apply the results of the appraisal to their practice. In this paper, we give an overview on how evidence based dentistry can be applied in general dental practice.


Introduced the Serial Communicate between pop computer and bottom computer in several computer system;Expatiating programmed method of communication control using Mscomms of VB6.0 in proceeding of communication control between PC computer with six frees aboratory robot.


An equivalent circuit composed of a shunt inductance between two waveguide sections is proposed for the metal fins of an E-plane metal-insert filter. The parameters of the equivalent circuit have been computed by the mode-matching technique for a number of geometrical dimensions and frequencies. The resulting model allows a fast and accurate design of metal-insert filters, without resorting to time-consuming procedures of optimization based on field analysis.


Background and Objective: The medicinal plant Origanum vulgare. subsp. vulgare in the Lamiaceae family has been widely used by Iranian people for the treatment of respiratory, gastrointestinal and neurologic disorders. The present study was carried out to evaluate possible anxiolytic effects of aqueous extract of O. vulgare leaves and the flowering branches in rats. Materials and Methods: Anxiolytic activity was assessed using the elevated plus-maze test. In addition, the possible sedative effect and muscle relaxant effect were evaluated using open field test and horizontal wire test, respectively. Single doses of O. vulgare extract(50, 100 and 200 m/kg) were administered intraperitoneally in male rats. Control rats were treated with an equal volume of saline, and the positive control rats with diazepam. Results: In the elevated plus-maze, O. vulgare extract(200 mg/kg) increased percent of time spent on open arms(p<0.001), and open arms entries(p<0.05), compared with saline group. In addition, the extract decreased locomotor activity in the open field test(p<0.05). However, unlike diazepam, the O. vulgare did not cause myorelaxant effect. Conclusion: These results suggest that the aqueous extract of O. vulgare leaves and flowers has anxiolytic effect and may also have potential sedative effects.


The COVID-19 pandemic caused regressive income declines, but also led to progressive policy responses. Using administrative U.S. tax data, which are a near-universal panel dataset that can track income changes over time, we consider the distribution of annual income declines during the COVID-19 pandemic relative to the Great Recession.


Robust quantitative estimates of land use and land cover change are necessary to develop policy solutions and interventions aimed towards sustainable land management. Here, we evaluated the combination of Landsat and L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data to estimate land use/cover change in the dynamic tropical landscape of Tanintharyi, southern Myanmar. We classified Landsat and L-band SAR data, specifically Japan Earth Resources Satellite (JERS-1) and Advanced Land Observing Satellite-2 Phased Array L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar-2 (ALOS-2/PALSAR-2), using Random Forests classifier to map and quantify land use/cover change transitions between 1995 and 2015 in the Tanintharyi Region. We compared the classification accuracies of single versus combined sensor data, and assessed contributions of optical and radar layers to classification accuracy. Combined Landsat and L-band SAR data produced the best overall classification accuracies (92.96% to 93.83%), outperforming individual sensor data (91.20% to 91.93% for Landsat-only; 56.01% to 71.43% for SAR-only). Radar layers, particularly SAR-derived textures, were influential predictors for land cover classification, together with optical layers. Landscape change was extensive (16,490 km2; 39% of total area), as well as total forest conversion into agricultural plantations (3214 km2). Gross forest loss (5133 km2) in 1995 was largely from conversion to shrubs/orchards and tree (oil palm, rubber) plantations, and gross gains in oil palm (5471 km2) and rubber (4025 km2) plantations by 2015 were mainly from conversion of shrubs/orchards and forests. Analysis of combined Landsat and L-band SAR data provides an improved understanding of the associated drivers of agricultural plantation expansion and the dynamics of land use/cover change in tropical forest landscapes.


This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Automatic Cashier System Based on Meal Plate Detection Using Deep Learning Weibin Zheng , Shengliang Peng , Qilong Chen , Hao Ouyang , Shiheng Lin e Institute of Communications Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China email@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com, email@example.com, email@example.com, email@example.com


While designing cutting instrument working on principle of rolling, the main problem is determining profiles of instrument cutting edges [Ztvis 1961]. Cutting edge is usually determined in two ways. The first consists in selecting a definite line as a cutting edge on the surface which is a line enveloping surface of the treated tooth, by sectioning it with the other surface. The second consists in choosing a definite line on the item surfaces of engagement and its envelope by sectioning it with the other surface; determining the corresponding contact line on the surface enveloping item surface, and consider this contact line as a cutting edge; e.g., in the case of tooth grinding; or this line is given a helical motion and pass a section through helical surface received in this way by plane or helical surface. As a result of this surfaces intersection the cutting edge of the instrument is received, for example in tooth milling.


The thermal decomposition of 3-chloro-3-trichloromethyldizairine in carbon tetrachloride and iso-octane has been investigated over the temperature range 75–115°C. The products, tetrachloroethylene and nitrogen, are formed quantitatively by a first-order reaction which is probably unimolecular:

The results yielded the following Arrhenius equations:

.


In this paper the author has investigated the flexural vibration of the straight beams with uniform cross section on elastic foundation under the action of various disturbing forces, and has tried to apply these results to rail and tie.In this paper, as the first step, by using energy method, the fundamental solutions have been induced most generally. That is, dealing with generalized coordinates, generalized forces and Lagrange's equations, the author obtained the soution concerning the generalized coordinates by method of variation of constants. Then applying these results to rail and tie, in the first instance the calculation of the rail under the action of C. 53 type steam locomotive has been carried out, and now some remarkable results have been obtained to a certain extent.Hereafter the dynamical studies on the rail and tie are expected to be pursued together with the actual measurements in the practice.


ABSTRACT In this article, the author examines how all-Union anniversaries during the 1960s–70s were used propagandistically to disseminate Soviet values as well as modern spatio-temporal ideas to rural communities. As part of the program to build communism, announced at the 22nd Congress of the Communist Party in 1961, anniversaries were employed to help minimize differences between city and countryside and to bring the way urban and rural people understood time and space into closer alignment. The author argues that the memory of the Soviet past, as propagated through anniversaries, created a memory framework that infused local history with Soviet notions of space and time.


A procatalyst composition comprising a combination of a residue of magnesium, titanium moiety and an internal electron donor comprising a 1,2-phenylene aromatic diester of 1,2-substituted phenylene, wherein the aromatic diester substituted have the structure (I) ** ** Formula wherein R1-R14 are the same or different, each of R1-R14 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a substituted hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbyl group unsubstituted alkyl having from 1 to carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a heteroatom, and combinations thereof, and at least one of R1-R14 is not hydrogen .


Cell-cell communication is critical for almost every aspect of cell function. This communication can be facilitated by extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are a group of diverse membrane-enclosed structures created and released by cells and include two main types, exosomes and microvesicles (MVs). Exosomes are approximately 30–100 nm in diameter and are released from cells through endosomal system. MVs are approximately up to 1,000 nm and released from cells via budding off from the plasma membrane (Thakur et al., 2017a; van Niel et al., 2018; Thakur et al., 2020a; Thakur et al., 2022a). These EVs are produced by a variety of cell types and contain various cargoes of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. EVs may play a crucial role in cell-cell communication because they can act as mediators between cells, allowing them to exchange both materials and information, and cooperate with each other (Thakur et al., 2021). EVs have been reported to mediate many normal cellular processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration (Thakur et al., 2017b; Liu et al., 2022). They can also promote the transfer of genetic information and the delivery of therapeutic molecules. In addition, EVs can act as signal mediators that regulate gene expression, angiogenesis, immune responses, and cell metabolism (Thakur et al., 2022b). EV-mediated cell-cell communication is also important for many pathophysiological processes, such as the development of cancer. Cancer cells are known to produce and release EVs that may contribute to each step of cancer development, from initiation, progression, metastasis, to disease relapse and therapy resistance. (Xu et al., 2021). These EVs contain cancerpromoting molecules that can alter the behavior of surrounding cells and microenvironment (Thakur et al., 2022c). For example, cancer cell derived EVs contain oncogenic growth factors, proteins or RNAs which can stimulate the proliferation of neighboring cancer cells. In addition, EVs released by cancer cells contain molecules that can suppress the immune response and protect cancer cells from being eliminated or death (Thakur et al., 2022a; Thakur et al., 2022b). OPEN ACCESS


Introduction: Loyalty of nursing student is an important factor that nursing education should pay attention in order to compete with other nursing educations; involved by perceived value, expectation, and quality assurance in nursing higher education. The purpose of this study was to develop a loyalty model of nursing student in nursing higher education.Methods: This study was an explanatory research with cross sectional approach. Population were nursing student in Poltekkes Banjarmasin, with 112 samples which is selected by proportional random sampling. Data was collected by giving questionnaire and analyzed by partial least square.Result: Result of this study indicates that was an effect of costumer expectation on quality assurance in nursing higher education, there was effect of costumer expectation on perceived value in nursing student, there was an effect of customer expectation on student satisfaction (4) there was effect of quality assurance in nursing higher education, there wasn't any affect of quality assurance in nursing higher education on student satisfaction, there was effect of perceived value in nursing student on student satisfaction, there was effect of student satisfaction on student loyalty. Conclusion: Overall result of this research were, student loyalty in nursing higher education developed by student satisfaction. Student satisfaction formed by perceived value. Perceived value developed from two aspects quality assurance, and student expectation, quality assurance of higher education wasn't directly effect to student sasfaction. However, indirectly effect through student perceived value. Student satisfaction in nursing higher education was stronger effect than any other variable in this loyalty model. Loyalty model in this research can be use for improvement student loyalty on health education that focused on improvement student satisfaction without deny the other aspect. Further research is needed to analyze word of mouth effect on student loyalty.


points out in his introduction, 'in each year from 2000 to 2010, historical epics have made the top ten highest-grossing films, and attracted numerous awards and nominations' (p. 1). Elliott places Gladiator (Ridley Scott, 2000) as 'the first of a long line of ancient-world epics' and 'the catalyst, if not the cause, for the revival of the epic' (pp. 4, 5). Indeed, Gladiator exists at the core of the book, frequently surfacing as a key text in each of the chapters. The book is structured around three major concerns: how the epic uses history, what aesthetic forms epic film revivals have taken and how to define the epic canon. With three to five chapters for each theme section, the book is very cogently organised, and presents more of a cohesive analytical narrative than many other edited collections exploring a single film genre. In the first chapter, Jeffrey Richards explores the influence of Ridley Scott upon the renaissance of the epic film, considering how Scott's films Gladiator, Kingdom of Heaven (2005) and Robin Hood (2010) deploy historical narratives to work through contemporary political agendas. Richards' analysis lays down a solid foundation for the rest of the book as each of these films are important – but not necessarily always central – to many of the subsequent chapters. Other chapters in Part I include Mark Jancovich's analysis of the critical reception of recent epics, and Robert Stow's audience research exploring viewer expectations about the epic's historical accuracy. This section is the book's most rewardingly unified, offering diverse but complementary perspectives on the epic's cultural role in the early 21st century. Part II includes Robert Burgoyne's nuanced analysis of how colour crafts and communicates meaning in epics, and Elliott's engaging analysis of the dialectic tensions between computer-generated imagery (CGI) spectacle and historical authenticity. The final section does not present as cohesive an analytical through-line as Parts I and II; however, Sheldon Hall's archival research on the etymology of the term blockbuster unpacks uncharted critical and industrial contexts surrounding epic film production. Saër Maty Bâ's chapter on the opacity of whiteness in epics and Aarttee Kaul Dhar's work on recent cinematic renegotiations of the Indian tale Ramayana provide important additional cultural and global dimensions to the book's earlier discussions about national histories. Overall, The Return of the Epic Film is a well-rounded and carefully organised collection that achieves a satisfying balance of depth and breadth across its 12 chapters. The writing style across the book is generally engaging and unencumbered by unproductive jargon, ensuring that a number of the chapters could serve as reading material on undergraduate courses on 21st-century blockbusters or genres. The book is an essential text for scholars studying contemporary epics, for it provides both a thorough and comprehensive overview of the role of epic films in the 21st century, and of the cinema histories that this recent cycle engages with, renegotiates and defies.


The production of jets in association with a W or Z boson in proton-proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV is measured with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The cross sections, differential in several kinematic variables, have been measured up to high jet multiplicities and are compared to new higher-order QCD calculations. Measurements of vector bosons in association with heavy flavor, such as W+c and W+b production, have unique sensitivity to the heavy quark density of the proton. Differential cross sections are presented and compared to QCD predictions at NLO.


This essay studies different Hindi film adaptations of Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay's canonical Bengali novella Devdas, published in 1917. Briefly, the paper argues that the various iterations of Devdas produce a complex history of cinematic development in India, shaped as they are by significant moments: World War II; the 1947 Partition of British India into India and Pakistan and its resultant multiple displacements; the rural-urban transformations of the 1950s; postcolonial problems; and the cross-border migrations and circulation of people, audiences, films and capital in the post-globalization era. Thus, in my attempt to read the travels and transformation of cinematic codes through the various adaptations of Devdas, a larger historical trajectory of national and diasporic dislocation becomes evident, revealing a deeply complicated history of colonial and postcolonial India.


Background: Endoscopic valve therapy aims at lung volume reduction that is associated with improved lung function, exercise tolerance and quality of life in emphysema patients. The size of intrabronchial valves of the Spiration® Valve System (SVS) selected to achieve lobar occlusion may have an influence on treatment outcomes. Methods: 49 severe emphysema patients (M/F: 24/25, age: 64 ± 7 years), with complete interlobar fissures on the side intended to be treated, underwent treatment with at least one 9-mm intrabronchial valve implantation at 3 centers and were followed up at 30, 90 and 180 days after intervention. Changes in pulmonary function tests (PFT), 6-min walk test (6MWT), modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test scores as well as possible complications were recorded. Results: Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) improved significantly over the 6-month period of the study, and the proportion of patients achieving a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for FEV1 was 46.4% at 6 months. Regarding the remaining PFT values, the changes were not statistically significant at 6 months, but when looking at the MCIDs, 44.4% of the patients achieved the MCID decrease for residual volume. The 6MWT distance also improved statistically significantly, and an MCID increase of ≥26 m was reached by 41.7% of the patients. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant improvement in the mMRC score. The incidence of pneumothoraxes requiring drainage was 26.5% while a valve dislocation rate of 24% was observed but only in the lower lobes. Conclusions: Endoscopic lung volume reduction with the 9-mm SVS valves was associated with statistically significant but modest improvement of FEV1, mMRC and 6MWT up to 6 months after intervention. These results were accompanied by an anticipated and acceptable risk profile. The relative increased incidence of device dislocation observed needs to be further elucidated.


This issue of the Journal of Cardiac Surgery marks another turning point in our attempts to bring the readers new and important observations in Cardiac Surgery. Dr. Ray C. J. Chiu joins the Journal as an Associate Editor bringing his specific interests and experience in cardiac and vascular regeneration. The new technologies and emerging science of angiogenesis and myogenesis will play increasingly important roles in the management of patients with cardiac disorders. Clinically relevant material, be it basic research or trials, will be featured in a special section. Quoting Dr. Chiu, "Cardiac myogenesis and angiogenesis represent a paradigm shift in our therapeutic approach, from substitution to regeneration of irreversibly damaged cardiac tissues and structure. These new modalities of therapy will not be constrained by the scarcity of donor organs, immunologic rejection, or the need for mechanical devices requiring maintenance and replacement. Regenerative medicine and surgery are in fact in vivo tissue engineering."' We look forward to significant contributions in this dramatic and exciting new field and are confident our readers will find this topic stimulating and of considerable interest.


Sustainability of the firm has been the most fundamental and critical concern for managers. The increasing uncertainty and complexity in the environment implies that this topic needs to be raised as an explicit strategic issue. The present paper is an exploratory study to develop a comprehensive view of sustainability. First, it posits that properly addressing stakeholders should enhance the sustainability of the firm. Then, it introduces a case study to illustrate how stakeholder management is put into practice. Specifically, the case of SK Telecom, a leading Korean telecom company, is provided. The case reveals that stakeholder management is fundamentally a process of change management, building an organization from internally-focused to externally-oriented one. Also, it implies that the key to successful implementation lies in articulating complex relationships among the stakeholders around the firm, making clear priorities depending on the situations, and institutionalizing those efforts over time.


[ $Mg_{68}Zn_{28}Y_4$ ] 합금의 응고 조직은 primary solidification phase, primary solidification phase로부터 성장된 ${\alpha}-Mg$ dendrite, 그리고 응고 말기에 형성된 eutectic structure의 세 가지형태 조직으로 구성되어져 있다. Primary solidification phase에는 매우 큰 정도의 phason strain이 존재하고 있으며, $a=27.2{\AA}\;and\;{\alpha}=63.43^{\circ}$ 의 격자상수를 갖는 1/1 rhombohedral approximant가 존재한다. 이와 같은 rhombohedral approximant의 구조는 six dimensional face centered hyper-cubic lattice에 phason strain을 도입함에 의해 얻어질 수 있다. Decagonal phase는 icosahedral phase로부터 방위 관계를 가지며 형성되며, $Mg_4Zn_7$ 는 decagonal phase로부터 방위관계를 가지며 성장한다. 이는 세 상간에 구조적 유사성이 존재하고 있음을 의미하며, 응고시 용질원자의 분배에 의해 이들 세 상이 순서대로 형성되어진다. 【As-cast microstructure of Mg-rich $Mg_{68}Zn_{28}Y_4$ has been investigated by a detailed transmission electron microscopy. The as-cast $Mg_{68}Zn_{28}Y_4$ alloy consisted of three different types of phases: $10{\sim}20{\mu}m$ size primary solidification phase, dendritic phase grown from the primary phase and a eutectic structure formed at the later stage of solidification. The primary solidification phase has an icosahedral structure with a large degree of phason strain. 1/1 rhombohedral approximant phase with lattice parameters: $a=27.2{\AA}\;and\;{\alpha}=63.43^{\circ}$ is first observed in Mg-Zn-Y system. The rhombohedral structure can be obtained by introducing phason strain in the six dimensional face centered hyper-cubic lattice. The decagonal phase nucleates with orientation relationship with the icosahedral phase, and $Mg_4Zn_7$ nucleates with orientation relationship with the decagonal phase, indicating a close structural similarity between the three phases. Gradual depletion of Y during solidification plays an important role in heterogeneous nucleation of decagonal and $Mg_4Zn_7$ phases from icosahedral and decagonal phases respectively.】


Abstract The best test of quality of an estimated model is its implementation in real application. However, the use of a bad model is typically too costly. Therefore, model validation is considered as an obligatory step in model learning, and extensive theory has been developed within statistical community. However, the available rules deal almost exclusively with independent data samples. Consequently, they are substantially disqualified for validation of dynamic models. This paper approaches the problem using Bayesian formulation and solution. An algorithm for validation of models estimated within practically important exponential family is presented. Performance of the algorithms is illustrated on simulated example.


This study examines the persistent poor performance in quantitative course units amongst undergraduate business students, using the case of Makerere University Business School. The data were collected from 346 third year students using a face-to-face administered questionnaire survey; and analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation and hierarchical regression analyses. The findings indicate that while learning environment and students' attitude are positively associated with performance in quantitative courses, students' attitude towards quantitative courses causes more variations in performance. Paucity of studies on performance in quantitative business courses deprived the study of the opportunity to cross validate the findings. Future studies should be conducted to confirm the results. Management of universities should consider learning environment and students' attitude when determining possible changes to enhance students' performance in quantitative courses. This study extends the predominantly mathematics studies to other business quantitative courses at university level.


This year, 2010, is the centenary of the publication of the paper (Kienbock, 1910) by Dr. Robert Kienbock, from Vienna, on the peculiar disorder of the lunate which now bears his name. This issue commemorates the publica- tion with four specially commissioned review papers to set the history of Dr. Kienbock, discuss the behaviour of the disorder in children and juvenile patients, outline the current knowledge on the disorder and the gaps in it, revisit the calibration of the problem (Stahl, 1947) and look at future directions. We have also published, in this issue, an additional paper and two short reports on Kienbock's disease. Since 1910 the significant landmarks have been the association of the disorder with avascularity, a short ulna and the shape of the lunate and the understanding of force transfer across the radiocarpal and ulnocarpal joints. These associations have determined our current approach to treatment. One hundred years on we still do not know whether what we do as surgeons significantly improves the natural history of Kienbock's disease. We hope that this special issue will provoke hand surgeons to


We have separated the quantum‐mechanical second virial coefficient for hard spheres B into two terms. The first represents the contribution of a Boltzmann gas, and the second is an exchange term embodying the effects of quantum statistics. Numerical computation of B to high precision then allows us to analyze the temperature dependence of the exchange term, which is found to decrease exponentially with temperature, and to determine the asymptotic expansion of the Boltzmann term at high temperatures.


With the addition of four new elements, the seventh row of the periodic table is officially full, the International Union of Pure & Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) announced on Dec. 30. A joint committee made up of IUPAC and the International Union of Pure & Applied Physics gave its stamp of approval, and IUPAC temporarily gave element 113 the name ununtrium (Uut), 115 the name ununpentium (Uup), 117 the name ununseptium (Uus), and 118 the name ununoctium (Uuo). The people credited for first discovering an element get the right to propose a permanent name and symbol. For element 113, that honor goes to scientists at Japan's RIKEN research institution. It will be the first time that Asian researchers name an element. For the other three elements, credit and naming rights go to European-American collaborations involving Russia's Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and the U.S. Lawrence Livermore and Oak Ridge national laboratories.


The size and power dissipation of an infrared imaging system can be reduced by the use of uncooled microbolometers; but the nonuniformity of the microbolometer makes such imaging systems heavily reliant on complicated calibration techniques, incurring an overhead which is particularly significant in low-cost, compact devices. We therefore propose a shutter-based successive-approximation calibration loop, which avoids the need to implement correction tables in software on an external processor. Prototype imager, consisting of an  $80 \times 82$  pixel infrared focal-plane array and readout circuitry, has been implemented, and the experimental results confirm that our on-chip autocalibration approach compensates effectively for fixed pattern noise caused by the nonuniformity of the microbolometers.


The ecosystem sensitivity in the coastal and small islands is dependent on the vulnerability and resilience level of that ecosystem. Mangroves are one of the primary ecosystems in coastal areas, also high vulnerability and sensitivity due to natural factors such as waves, pollution, and due to the impact of human activities. Based on this reason, the study of vulnerability and sensitivity was needed for mitigation plans and other actions in reducing the risk due to the pressure by a coastal manager. This study was carried out around small islands in Anambas District, especially in Matak Island. The results showed that the level of mangrove vulnerability was relatively high at all locations; the condition of the ecological status was classified as moderate. The status of the social and economic index was classified as medium to high vulnerably. The assessment of the sensitivity level, known as the condition of mangrove ecosystems, is moderate to very sensitive. The areas with the highest sensitivity level are Peninting and Ayerbadong. The high sensitivity in both locations is due to the influence of the economic index, which indicates that the region is economically sensitive and potentially vulnerable.


President's column
 My year as your SPE 2018 president
 Wow. One hundred twenty-four speeches and counting, 39 countries visited, millions of excited volunteers (estimated from good feelings that I have had).
 Life is grand. … My knees are really sore. There are bags under my eyes. What's left of my hair is way grayer than when I started. I've busted two of my four accordions from travel stress, and I'm not sure if I have slept properly in about a year.
 These are the thoughts that have run through my head as I have had the great honor, rather the great honor, of serving you as your SPE 2018 president. What a ride! I am so humbled.
 As I prepare to pass the torch over to my eminently well qualified successor Sami Alnuaim, (a way smarter guy than me) I do so with an immensely thankful heart. I have learned so much. I have been surprised many times. I have been disappointed almost never. What a great bunch of members SPE is proud to call its own.
 It is hard to describe the gravity and responsibility of leading this society. With almost 160,000 really great people—all contributing something unique, all are really smart and work really hard—it's no wonder why we are an industry that is one of the most technical on the planet. There are a really smart bunch of folks working in it. From Kavala, Greece, to Adelaide, Australia, I have been constantly surprised with the wonderful people we call members. I am so unworthy to represent such a group. I only hope that I have chaired the board without prejudice and fostered the robust activities that we undertake.
 People—we, the SPE—set the standard that defines the process that provides the majority of the world's energy needs. We are the global experts who give the planet home heating, products such as plastic, energy to power our cars, and a myriad of life improvements.


Existing political economy models explain the politics of trade policy using inter-industry differences. However, this article finds that much of the variation in U.S. applied tariff rates in fact arises within industry. I offer a theory of trade liberalization that explains how product differentiation in economic markets leads to firm-level lobbying in political markets. High levels of product differentiation eliminates the collective action problem faced by exporting firms while import-competing firms need not fear product substitution. To test this argument, I construct a new dataset on lobbying by all publicly traded manufacturing firms from reports filed under the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995. I find that productive exporting firms are more likely to lobby to reduce tariffs, especially when their products are sufficiently differentiated. I also find that highly differentiated products have lower tariff rates. The results challenge the common focus on industry-level lobbying for protection.


ABSTRACTThe specific in vitro conditions cause a modified structure and physiological functions of the photosynthetic apparatus which result in poor survival rate of plantlets during acclimatization. The type of vessel closure affects the gaseous composition and hence affects the growth of plantlets in culture. In tightly closed vessels concentrations of metabolically generated gases increase because their rate of diffusive escape is depressed. Different approaches have been proposed to enhance the photosynthetic ability of plants in vitro in striving to favour the success of further acclimatization to conditions ex vitro. The aims of the present research are to find the closure material which is gas permeable and to study the effect of the improved gas exchange on the growth and the photosynthetic ability of the micropropagated apple rootstock MM 106. The polyester wool—one of the tested types of closure, provides good gas exchange rate and preserves the culture from contamination. The data of this inves...


Abstract This study uses aggregated network-level operation metrics to examine the performance of three street network configurations, namely two-way (TW), two-way without left turns (TWL), and one-way networks (OW), under disruptive events in the network. Overall, a TWL network is found to be the most efficient both with and without disruptions. When there is no disruption, a TWL network shows a comparable trip completion rate as a TW network with turn pockets at intersection. Although the mean travel distance in the TWL network is about 30% higher than the TW network, its mean trip time is only 16% higher due to lower intersection delays. When disruptions take place, only TWL network is found to accommodate the most challenging ones in the central area due to its higher intersection efficiency and more evenly distributed traffic inside. The study also examined the impacts of various ITS-related strategies to provide drivers with advanced information on the disruption to mitigate its negative effects. The results revealed that providing information on disruptions that occur outside the most congested areas when vehicles start their trip might actually reduce overall network performance, since doing so may cause vehicles to reroute through heavily congested areas. For disruptions in the central region of the network, alerting drivers just one or two blocks upstream of the disruption can achieve similar delay reductions to broadcasting the disruption to 75% of road users.


The objective of this research is to determine whether significant relationship occurred between work motivation and employee performance in Swiss-Belinn Hotel Tunjungan, Surabaya. The research type used is explanative research with quantitative approach. The population of this research numbered 78 people that are the permanent employees of Swiss-Belinn Hotel Tunjungan. Probability sampling is used to determine the number of sample. Sample of 65 people are defined by Slovin's Formula. Data analysis technique used in this research is the multiple linear regression analysis with partial and simultaneous variable testing. Data was processed using SPSS 16.0 for Windows. The result implies that both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation correlate positively and significantly to employee performance. The correlation resulted from this research also shows that both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation correlate partially and simultaneously to employee performance.


Carbon fixation and ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3–) uptake were also measured in the dark (Figure S1). Although low, these rates are greater than zero and follow the same general depth trends as those measured in the light bottles, with a few exceptions. For example, dark carbon fixation rates at station 3 are similar to those at station 4 (Figure S1a), while in the light, net primary production (NPP) at station 4 is 3–29 times higher than at the other stations (see Figure 4a, main text). In addition, the rates of dark NH4+ uptake are similar to the carbon fixation rates (Figure S1b) and up to two orders of magnitude greater than the NO3– uptake rates (Figure S1c), which are extremely low at all stations and fairly uniform throughout the upper 30 m.


Many excellent reviews of gravitational wave astronomy have appeared in the literature (see for example Thorne 1980 and references cited there). Much has also been written on the potential of the second generation of Weber-bar detectors which, operating at low temperatures and exploiting superconducting technology, have design sensitivities up to a million times greater than those of a decade ago. Indeed such has been the intensity of activity in this area, that even before this generation of cryogenic detectors has come of age, a third generation, quantum mechanical in outlook, is already being conceived.


Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of acetophenone dimethyl acetal (ADMA) and trimethyl orthobenzoate (TMOB) is retarded by cyclodextrins (CDs): α -CD, β-CD, hp-β-CD = "hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin", and γ -CD. The observed first order rate constants (kobs) vary with (CD) in the manner expected for 1:1 binding between the substrates and the CDs. Similar behaviour was found recently for the hydrolysis of benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal (BDMA). With β-CD and hp-β-CD, the binding of all three substrates (BDMA, ADMA, TMOB) is strong and the CD-bound forms have very little reactivity. By contrast, substrate binding by α -CD is much weaker, and the CD-bound forms have apprecia- ble, though reduced, reactivity. Substrate binding by γ -CD is also relatively weak, but the bound substrates have very low reactivities. The hydrolysis reactions of ADMA, TMOB, and BDMA have been evaluated as kinetic probes of the binding of guests to CD hosts. For α -CD, β-CD, and hp-β-CD, the addition of guests reduces the amount of free CD and thereby alleviates retardation of the hydrolysis by the CD. The resultant increases in hydrolysis rates can be ana - lyzed to provide estimates of CD-guest dissociation constants, KG. For aliphatic alcohols and ketones binding to β-CD and hp-β-CD, all three probe reactions provide values of KG that agree well with each other and with literature values determined by other methods. The approach does not work well with α -CD because of its much weaker binding of the kinetic probes and their less pronounced dependence of kobs on (α -CD). In the case of γ -CD, the approach cannot be used because added guests cause a further lowering in the rate of hydrolysis, suggesting the formation of an unreactive ternary (substrate·CD·guest) complex.


A new spectrophotometric method for the determination of chromium(VI) has been investigated. Chromium (VI) reacts with sodium 2-bromo-4, 5-dihydroxyazobenzene-4'-sulfonate to form a water-soluble complex, in which the metal may exist in the trivalent state. The reddish violet complex with its absorption maximum at 543nm is quantitatively formed in 0.24-0.72M perchloric acid solution. A linear calibration curve was obtained over the concentration range 0-16μg of chromium (VI) in 25ml. The apparent molar absorptivity is 4.64×104cm-1 mol-1 l at 543nm. The interference from metal ions such as iron (III), aluminum (III) and zirconium (IV) could be eliminated by the addition of ammonium fluoride. The method has been applied to the determination of chromium in standard steel samples.


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Even a short period of inactivity can be extremely bad for our bones, and for astronauts facing months in zero gravity, the risks are serious. But there is an animal that has already solved all of the problems faced by immobile humans. Black bears routinely hibernate for 6


China has already entered the aging society and is predicted to become a super-aged society in 2020. The recent studies identified that the elderly has more interest in 'Aging-in-Place' which emphasizes deinstitutionalization since welfare facilities such as care homes and silver towns have separated the elderly from their local communities where they used to live in. The aim of this research is to propose a promising way for smart housing services who support the elderly's living in their homes, China. This research is to investigate the elderly's life and to identify their demands on housings for implementing such smart services. The elderly's living in apartments in Luoyang city, China, were investigated through interviews using a questionnaire survey. The results show that smart housing services should be provided to support the elderly's health, safety, leisure activities, comfortable living, and social relationships sustainably. In addition, such smart housing services should be intuitive since the elderly need to use easily smart services for their autonomous life in their homes. The smart housing services should be developed in the direction of enhancing the elderly's healthy and desirable life, and lessening their discomforts due to aging.


Focused on the issues associated with BBS service quality,the research explores and reveals the main sources of users' satisfaction and dissatisfaction from users' view.The paper is based on users' recalled satisfactory and dissatisfactory experience of using BBS and their evaluation of BBS service quality.The targeted incidents are selected and content analyzed using the critical incidents technique.The satisfiers and dissatisfiers of BBS service quality are derived and differences between the two are analyzed.The research results provide useful information for the design,the advancement of BBS service and also implications for the future research of related field.


The MU McNair Journal is published annually. manuscripts are accepted from mcNair Scholars participating in the program at the university of missouri, Columbia missouri 65211, (573) 882-1962. Copyrights are owned by the university of missouri. Reproduction of material in this publication is hereby authorized provided the use is for non-commercial or educational purposes and does not exceed 100 copies.


Although it is known that magnetic recording system performance can be improved by reducing the separation between the head and media, few detailed measurements of the spacing dependence of recording performance (rolloff curves, isolated pulse heights and widths, etc.) have been made. Most measurements reported to date are at low linear velocities using flexible media and deposited oxide layers on the head1 or carbon overcoats of various thicknesses on the flexible disk2 to maintain a given spacing. This paper presents the results of measurements made with a novel device which positions the head at arbitrary (and continuously variable) heights above a rigid magnetic disk operating at a high and constant linear velocity. Separate read and write spacing loss measurements were made using a 3380‐type thin‐film head and metal film disk at a number of spacings ranging from 0.075 μm (3 μin.) to 0.5 μm (20 μin.). The results are analyzed using head sensitivity functions computed by the boundary element method. Go...


This year's hardware Workshop took place chaired by W. Strasser and RL. Grimsdale on September, 3rd and 4th in conjunction with the Eurographics'89 conference. About 50 people participated. It was hosted by the University of Hamburg, Department of Computer Science. Local organisation has been done by Werner H-.  On two days, fourteen papers from industry and academia were preseated in five sessions. The first day was exclusively dedicated to algorithms and architecture. An architecture optimized for several types of image based algorithms (computer graphis, image processing, and computer vision) was presented first [l]. Parts of a voxel-based system, performing the tasks of projections and shading were shown afterwards [2]. At the end of the first Session a virtual memory system was presented. It may serve to support window systems and bit-mapping on graphic displays [3]. In the afternoon, an algorithm for the rapid transversal of octree data structures was developped first [4]. As it requires only a few arithmetic and simple logical options it is considered ideal for a hardware implementation. The next p a p introdud a general model for display processors [5]. Investigations of existing architectures on the basis of the developed taxonomy of display processors revealed a potential new architecture. This presentation led to the most intensive discussions of these two days. The ha l paper on the iirst day was dedicated to the two-pass rendering approach which combines ray tracing and radiosity. A VLSI system architecture serves for the computation of formfactors and rendering [6]. The second day was partitioned into sessions on real-time hardware, commercial systems, and workstations. A first real-time system relies on the subdivision of image space into scanlines and subscanlines, to maximize concurrency [7]. The most interesting part of the system presented afterwards was a rendeaing processor [8]. It calculates a hidden surface removed, Phongshaded pixel in about 50 to 100 p s. A VLSI implementation of anti-aliasing to perform an oversampling of 8 by 8 subpixels based on the Hessian form of


Using questionnaire data from digital television subscribers, links are established between the information sources used and the characteristics and interests of users. The research establishes that groupings can be made and identifies user groups most likely to use each source type. Four groups of users are identified and described: active traditional information users, passive traditional information users, electronic isolated users and electronic sociable users. The research forms part of an ongoing research project, which has, as part of its aim, the task of identifying particular users with the information sources that may be most appropriate for them.


PURPOSE: Identify, using elementary school teacher's reports, which conditions could affect, directly or indirectly, the vocal performance of these professionals, taking in account their work conditions. METHODS: Research conducted with eight female teachers from Sao Paulo city public education system that participate in a focal group during five sessions. Triggers themes like the role of the teacher at the present time, violence and the teacher's health were used. Sessions were recorded and transcribed. Content was analyzed and organized in categories and subcategories into four main themes: voice, work, violence and the inclusion of students with disabilities. RESULTS: Teachers reported the need to speak frequently in order to: guarantee attention and results from work; elaborate behavioral and attitudinal issues; solve and negotiate daily conflicts; manage violence in classroom; control situations; calm down the students. Apart from the class itself, there is intense and continuous voice use. Screaming and loud talking were related to the need to overcome internal and external noises; the number of students; exert immediate control over an eventuality. The disorganization of the routine (constant interruptions) overloads teachers both mentally and physically. The inclusion of students with disabilities contributes to this problem. CONCLUSION: New regulation of the educational policies restructured the teacher's labor, leading to an overload and hardening of the classroom work, undermining working conditions and interfering in your organization. Teacher is asked daily to an intense voice use to solve various situations - in addition to delivering the lesson - without possibility of resting and in adverse conditions that cause body and mind illness.


Objective: Using Na~+ ,K~+-ATPase activity as an indicator, to study the antipyretic effect of two processings of Radix Anemarrhenae. Method: The activities of Na~+ ,K~+-ATPase were examined by the colorimetric method in liver, intestinal mucosa and kidney of rat.Result: Both of processings of Radix Anemarrhenae have inhibition effect to Na~+, K~+-ATPase activity。Conclusion: both of processings of Radix Anemarrhenae have antipyretic effect, The inhibiton of Na~+ , K~+-ATPase activity of the raw drugs is stronger than that of the stir-heating drugs with salt solution processed.


Abstract : Abrasive blasting of tanks and other enclosed spaces on-board ships comprises a large part of the work effort and budget allocated to surface preparation and coating for both new construction and repair contracts. Traditionally, disposable abrasives such as copper and coal slag have been used for tank blasting. The use of recoverable steel grit for tank blasting would appear to reduce or eliminate many of the problems associated with slag and mineral abrasives. Due to the durability and toughness of steel, steel grit can be reused many hundreds of times. Significantly smaller volumes of abrasive waste are generated for disposal. The durability of steel grit also results in very low dust generation, since the particles do not readily break down into fines. The recovery of steel abrasive through a vacuum recovery system greatly decreases environmental hazards by trapping paint chips and dust, which are segregated from the reusable abrasive. The higher density of steel grit in comparison to other abrasives produces increased cutting ability, while improving worker visibility through decreased dust generation. The increased cutting and low dust equate to increased productivity. Finally, the use of steel grit would not trigger the costly sampling and testing requirements of MILA- 22262A, since steel abrasive is not covered under this specification.


Background: Angioleiomyoma of the nasal cavity is an extremely rare benign tumor. Since the first case reported by Poch-Vinals R. et al. in 1967, only 23 cases of angioleiomyoma of the nasal cavity have been published in English literature. Methodology/principal findings: We report a 42-year-old woman who presented with nasal obstruction and small volume epistaxis episodes. In the physical exam and under nasal endoscopy, we founded a red lesion that measured 1.5 cm. Clinically and in imagery the tumor resembled an inverted papilloma. Pathological study revealed an angioleiomyoma of the nasal cavity. Conclusion: Angioleiomyoma was an unusual tumor of the nasal cavity. It is more common in females. Treatment for these tumors is based on local resection, and there are no reports of recurrence after total excision.


INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: To estimate volume status in maintenance haemodialysis (HD) patients by cardio-thoracic ratio (CTR) method, serum level of N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide (NTpro-BNP), colapsibility index (CI) of inferior vena cava method and by multifrequency bioimpendance analysis (BIA). We also wanted to make a correlation of these methods and to perform a dry weight correction according to the multifrequency BIA results of patient's volume status. According to that intervention we expected to decrease a number of patients with symptomatic intradialytic hypotension (IDH). METHODS: 128 patients on maintenance HD were tested for eligibility in Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Croatia, and 65 of them were enrolled in the study. According to the frequency of IDH patients were divided in two groups: 38 patients with frequent symptomatic IDH, and 27 patiens without frequent symptomatic IDH. Volume status was estimated in all patients by four methods: CTR, NTpro-BNP, multifrequency BIA and CI of inferior vena cava, at the beginning of the study and after six months. During a follow up period, dry weight of the patients was corrected by multifrequency BIA after one and three months, respectively. Results of volume status estimated by all four methods were correlated, and also was a frequency of symptomatic IDH and the beginning and at the end of the study. RESULTS: The mean age of the patiens was 64, 98 ± 11, 73 years, range from 38 to 85 years, and 35 (53, 85%) were men. The most common underlying renal disease was diabetic nephropathy in 19 (29%) patients. Comparative analysis of the volume status estimation by CTR, multifrequency BIA, IK of inferior vena cava, and NTproBNP indicated a significant correlation (at the beginning of the study and after six months). The number of symptomatic IDH in 38 (58%) patients decreased to the 11 (17%) patients at the end of follow up (p<0, 001). Risk factors for development of symptomatic IDH were older age (P=0, 041), and diabetes (p<0, 001). CONCLUSIONS: There is a great incidence of symptomatic IDH in the patients on the maintenance HD. The interdialytic weight gain, and the number of symptomatic IDH decreased by dry weight correction according to the multifrequency BIA. Comparative analysis of four methods for volume status estimation indicates a good correlation. Multifrequency BIA is objective, fast, non-invasive, without X-ray emission and highly reproducible method which could be used for volume status estimation and symptomatic IDH prevention in maintenance HD patients.


Silicon (Si) accumulation in plants confers a mechanical barrier to insect herbivory and may alter plant chemistry to increase the attraction of natural enemies to host insect herbivores on Si−treated plants. The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is a major insect pest of grain crops, including maize (Zea mays L.). This study examined whether Si supplementation alters maize volatile compounds that mediate host location in Euthyrhynchus floridanus, a generalist predator of FAW. A four-arm olfactometer was used to test the olfactory preference of nymphs and adults of E. floridanus to the odor of maize leaf materials from plants that were; Si−treated and infested, Si−treated without infestation, Si−deprived and infested, and Si−deprived without infestation. The probabilities of individual insects choosing between the four treatments were estimated using a multinomial generalized linear mixed model. There were no statistical differences in the olfactory preference of E. floridanus between Si−treated and Si−deprived maize leaf materials. However, the median estimate showed that nymphs were almost twice likely to be attracted to Si−supplemented leaf material, indicating a potential positive effect of Si. However, a more robust follow-up study is needed to further assess the impact of Si on E. floridanus.


The Internet of Things (IoT) has expanded access to information technology by combining both digital and physical fields as an emerging technology. IoT will increasingly overshadow human life as it becomes more pervasive. IoT will be applied to important areas of the national economy, such as health care and medical care, and smart transportation. Hence, data security in IoT must be met with highlights such as distinguishing proof, unwavering quality, integration, and verifiable, and so on. Security within the field of IoT is more vital in terms of openness and reliance. Security is an critical issue for IoT applications and proceeds to confront major challenges. This think about pointed to supply a convention to extend IoT-based security. The method proposed in this paper is to show modern conveyance engineering to extend IoT security. This unused design is based on a blockchain and can be actualized as a dispersed design in all layers of IoT. The findings of recreations and usage in genuine IoT scenarios appear that the execution of the proposed security conventions can be proficient and viable within the productivity and adequacy of distinctive levels of security and IoT accessibility.


Aberrant glutamate and γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmission contribute to seizure generation and the epileptic state. However, whether levels of these neurochemicals are abnormal in epileptic patients is unknown. Here, we report on interictal levels of glutamate, glutamine, and GABA in epilepsy patients at seizure onset and nonepileptic sites, cortical lesions, and from patients with poorly localized neocortical epilepsies.


The method for obtaining geometric topological information of CAD Models from STEP files is discussed, and a STEP based direct slicing method is proposed. The dircct slicing technique based on Auto CAD is studied, a DXF based alone operated slicing method for surface frame CAD models is given, and a direct slicing method operated under Auto CAD for entity models is presented. The methods have been realized, and proved to be feasible and effective.


Abstract: During the current pandemic, there are still educational institutions that carry out online schools and some that have implemented face-to-face. In the implementation of learning there are still obstacles such as students who find it difficult to understand the material being studied. Along with the situation and the development of increasingly sophisticated technology, it needs to be used properly. The existence of anime as a spectacle can provide entertainment and is easy to find. Cells at Work  is an anime that provides education through animated characters. This study uses a descriptive analysis method, which aims to determine the effectiveness of the Cells at Work  anime as a learning medium about human blood circulation. Cell at Work is easy to understand with supporting characters and visualizations as well as different discussions in each episode, so that if applied properly, it can increase students' understanding in depth.


Abstract The periodic Anderson model is investigated in the strong-coupling U = ∞ case for d = 1, 2, 3 dimensions within an approximation-free fashion. New exact results related to the T = 0 phase diagram of the model were found.


The current paper attempted to find out the attitude of marriageable women of 18 wards of Nambol Municipal Council, Manipur (India) towards dowry. Altogether 200 respondents in the age group 18–31 years were taken through cluster sampling technique. The Dowry Attitude Scale (DAS) standardized by R.R. Sharma was employed to assess the attitude towards dowry. The results of the study indicated that the marriageable had favorable attitude towards dowry (mean= 192.215, SD= 2.96). Further negative negligible correlation was found between dowry attitude and age (r=-0.065) and positive low correlation between dowry attitude and educational level (r= 0.386). Limitations of the study have been given and suggestions for further research have also been provided.


The 1996 budget constitutes an intermediate step in the process of fiscal consolidation. In its implementation the goal of reducing new debt was achieved. Envisaged spending cuts and revenues were right on target. The preliminary outturn for 1996 shows that a sound basis has been attained for the 1997 budget, although some items on the expenditure and income sides deviate from projections to an extent that may threaten to burden the federal budget in the long run.


The congenital autosomal recessive ichthyosis (also known as lamellar ichthyosis) can be classified in 4 etiologically heterogeneous types. Type II shows the typical accumulations of cholesterol clefts in the horny layer caused by strongly diminished keratinocyte transglutaminase activities. Clinical features are pronounced scaling (of the head, in particular) with persistent ectropion. Symptomatic treatment consists of measures to aid desquamation. Systemically, etretinate or its main metabolite, etretin can be used. The dose range depends on the individual case taking into account improvements and the severity of side effects. We report on a severe course of ichthyosis congenita type II, seen in a 14-year-old girl whom we first saw just after birth as a collodium baby.


In order to provide information for processing quality evaluation,materials selection and quality control of black kernel wheat,analysis on protein properties,Farinogram,and the noodles quality of 10 black kernel wheat varieties and the relationship between protein quality and the noodles quality was conducted.The results indicated that protein content,glutenin macropolymer(GMP),swelling index of glutenin(SIG)and gliadin content,glutelin content in black kernel wheat varieties were less than check Xiaoyan 6.The wet gluten content,gluten index,sedimentation value and Farinogram of black kernel wheat varieties were larger than that of Xiaoyan 6.Sedimentation value and SIG were significantly and negatively correlated with dry matter loss of noodle.GMP and valorimeter value were negatively correlated with dry matter loss of noodle.In addition,SIG and GMP were more useful to estimate noodle quality.Heixiaomai 76,Heibaoshi,Heixiaomai,ZL97(6)and Zhenxuan 1 are more suitable to make noodles.


A nickel-catalyzed hydrocyanation triggered by hydronickelation of the carbon-carbon double bonds of allenes followed by cyclopropane cleavage is described. The observed regio- and stereochemistries in the products are strongly influenced by the initial hydronickelation step, and allenyl- and methylenecyclopropanes reacted smoothly to promote the cleavage of cyclopropane. In contrast, this cleavage was not observed with vinylidenecyclopropanes, because the initial hydronickelation does not give a suitable intermediate for cleavage of the cyclopropanes.


This volume is the only available text containing all pre-Union statutes still in force in Ireland. It is therefore valuable both to the historian and to legal practitioners. Now enhanced by a lengthy new introduction by Professor W.N. Osborough, describing the genesis of the volume and its relevance today. This volume is a must for any practising lawyer, law library, academic or legal historian.


Abstract Objectives: The involvement of the GABAergic system in seizures induced by diphenyl diselenide (PhSe)2 in rat pups was investigated. Methods: To this end, the effect of aminooxyacetic acid hemihydrochloride (AOAA, 20 mg/kg; by intraperitoneal route, i.p.), a GABA-T inhibitor; DL-2,4-diamino-n-butyric acid hydrochloride (DABA, 16 mg/kg; i.p.), an inhibitor of GABA uptake; and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 10 and 40 mg/kg; i.p.), diazepam (3 mg/kg; i.p.) and phenobarbital (40 mg/kg; i.p.), GABAergic agonists as well as picrotoxin (1 mg/kg; i.p.), a GABAA receptor antagonist on (PhSe)2 (50 and 500 mg/kg, by oral route, p.o.)-induced seizures, were studied. The [3H]GABA uptake levels by cortical and hippocampal slices in rat pups exposed to (PhSe)2 were also carried out. Results: Pre-treatment with GABA (40 mg/kg), diazepam, phenobarbital, AOAA and DABA abolished the appearance of seizures induced by 50 mg/kg (PhSe)2 in rat pups. Picrotoxin increased the percentage of convulsing rat pups from 42 to 100% and reduced significantly the onset for the first convulsive episode induced by (PhSe)2 at the dose of 50 mg/kg. Diazepam and phenobarbital prolonged significantly the latency for the onset of the first convulsive episode caused by 500 mg/kg (PhSe)2 in rat pups. [3H]GABA uptake levels were stimulated in cerebral cortical and hippocampal slices of convulsing rat pups administered with both doses of (PhSe)2. Discussion: Our findings demonstrated that seizures induced by (PhSe)2 are mediated, at least in part, by an interaction with GABAergic system.


A model for calculating induced radioactivity by a pulsed primary high energy beam has been developed. This model is consistent with the formalism for continuous beam by Barbier[l]. The method predicts the radioactivity of one of the earlier Fermilab antiproton production targets quite well.


In this paper, I explore the role of popular television imagery of torture in shaping the U.S. legal and political debates over the definition of torture, cruel, inhuman, and degrading treatment. Taking the popular show 24 as an instance of a dominant imagery of torture, I analyze how this imagery of torture informs the definitional distinctions adopted by the United States. I argue that the popular imagery of torture with its emphasis on physical brutality continues to influence the legal and political discourse on torture. Apart from legitimizing a narrow definition of torture, the popular imagery also allows the United States to create an arena of acceptability for apparently less severe forms of violence. Thus, the need to call rose by another name is not just an attempt to deny the presence of torture by using narrow definitions but in addition because of the popular imagery, the present time is represented as an actual moment of progress from earlier more brutal times.


The thrips mitochondrial gene Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI), the nuclear genes Elongation Factor1α (EF1α) and Arginine Kinase (ARGK) genes were amplified and cloned using degenerate primers designed based on sequences from other insect species. The obtained thrips DNA sequences of each gene were used to develop locus specific primers. The specific primer sets that were developed and the published primers for the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) could successfully amplify specific DNA fragments from Ceratothripoides claratris in all populations studied. Intraspecific variation of twenty-six accessions of C. claratris collected from different areas in Thailand was determined by molecular analysis using SSCP techniques. SSCP analysis showed little polymorphism of specific amplified products. The amplified EF1α gene product was apparently monomorphic and only 5, 3 and 7 banding patterns were detected for COI, ITS and ARGK loci. UPGMA cluster analysis of all populations distinguished 15 groups at 0.75 of similarity coefficient with 0.98408 cophenetic correlation, using polymorphic bands pattern generated from 4 primer amplifications separated on polyacrylamide gel.


We are facing a restructuring of the power network towards a smart grid. In order to develop a smart-grid-ready power market with a high penetration of renewable energy, we need to decide what kind of pricing mechanisms or how to expand the grid is the right choice for the smart grid. We propose a real-time market-grid coupling, in order to analyze the mutual influence between the market and the grid. To support the investigation of the coupling concept in terms of the interoperability, we present in this paper a co-simulation framework that incorporates a market simulator and a grid simulator. The main contribution of this paper is the system design of the co-simulation framework. Based on the framework, we demonstrate the nodal price analysis as a use case to verify that Locational Marginal Pricing as a grid-driven pricing scheme that reflects the real-time load situation and power supply availability.


A karst cave was discovered by the local limekiln workers in 1989. It lies on the southern slope of the North Hill by the seashore in Haimao, Dalian City (39°9'30〃N; 121°38'42〃E). E). The Haimao Cave is about 65 m above the sea level, while the elevation of the summit of the North Hill is 89.4 m.


Summary form only given, as follows. Experimental and theoretical research are underway to investigate a new technique for implanting ions generated from solid targets: ablation-plasma-ion-implantation (APII). Ablation plasmas are generated by an excimer laser incident on metal targets. The ablation laser is a KrF excimer laser (Lambda Physik Compex 205) which generates up to 600 mJ pulses at a repetition rate up to 50 Hz. The initial ablation targets are pure Fe and substrates are silicon wafers. Preliminary APII experiments pulse the substrate to negative voltages up to 10 kV. The properties (e.g., adhesion, morphology) of thin films deposited by laser ablative deposition are compared to films deposited with ablation-plasma-ion-implantation. Theoretical research is utilizing 1-dimensional particle in cell codes (e.g., XPDP1) to investigate the problem of ion extraction and acceleration from a moving sheath.


while the complexity of microengineering increases, the need for simulation tools becomes mandatory to help process engineers to optimize processes. Numerical simulation is used for various purposes and at various stages of process development, ranging from basic research to industrial processes development and optimization. The requirements of these different kinds of users sometimes appear contradictory. This paper shows how a unique integrated tool can satisfy these different demands. Examples of use of the simulator TITAN, coupled with the optimizer PROFILE, illustrate the possibilities offered by automatic optimization Introduction Numerical simulation is now widely used in microengineering process development. The requirements, however, in terms of software quality and generality apparently differ from one usage to another. In an industrial environment, simulation is used for process optimization; the need is expressed for dedicated tools, easy to use, integrating process and device simulation, capable of describing the device geometry under consideration, accurate and valid in the range of applications considered, proposing adapted post-processing and, if possible, able to provide sensitivity analysis and automatic optimization. On the other hand, simulation is also used during the development and validation of new models. The validation of a model related to a given process step, or to electrical simulation, can often be achieved on simple structures, and does not necessarily require accurate simulation of the complete chain. For these reasons, the time and effort required to implement a new model in a complete simulator is generally considered as disproportionate, especially when the model is only at an early stage of development, so that very often separate programs are developed working under limiting conditions. Finally, in advanced process development, simulation can also help process engineers to understand parasitic effects or to foresee the behaviour of new devices. This requires a flexible program integrating process and device simulation, containing as much physics as possible, so that unexpected effects can be predicted, possibly providing a choice between different models and access to the model parameter values, but also general enough to accept new geometry descriptions. However, this generality may render such a program difficult to use for a non-experienced user. One simulator for multiple uses The considerations above tend to support the idea that for each usage a different tool must be developed: research programs for developing models, dedicated industrial tools for optimizing technologies, more general integrated simulators for "advanced" users. However, the maintenance problems associated with multiple software tools leads to the question of why a general process and device simulator does not meet the requirements of industry. Indeed, the main reasons are that the industrialist does not want to deal with models and numerical considerations, and that the size of the user manual of such a program is discouraging. Consequently, a general tool will satisfy industry's requirements, if a dedicated user guide is proposed, and if choices by default have been made concerning the numerical and physical features. The main problem lies in adapting preand post-processing of a general program to a particular cause. The approach proposed here for making a general program adaptable centres around two key-points: programmable input parser, programmable graphics processor. First of all, the input language has to be simplified as much as possible, by the distribution of the numerous commands in consistent fields ("process", "device", "process>moder' ...). For example, the description of a process chart will be made by using the commands accessible at the level "process"; access to the corresponding models will be made at the sub-level "process>moder'. For people interested in process


The paper elaborated the structure of members of insulin-like growt h factor system (IGFs), their expression in placenta and mechanism of action. Bi n ding to their receptors, IGFs can stimulate trophoblasts in placenta to produce steroid hormones. Cooperated with other cytokines, they accelerate the body growth, development and cell differentiation, help c ell convert f rom phase Gi to Phase S in which DNA is synthesized, mediate and amplify regulat ory effect of GH and impact of progesterone to placenta. IGFs can also bind to i nsulin-like growth factor binding proteins with high affinity, the latter can i nfluence biofunction of IGFs by regulating binding of IGFs to their receptors. F urther investigation on this approach of action of IGFs is of great importance f or deep understanding of inner mechanism of growth, development, differentiatio n, proliferation and functions of placental trophoblasts.


Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) vs. sleeve gastrectomy (SG) on glycemic control and blood lipid profile at preoperative (baseline), three and six months after surgery. Methods: In a prospective non-randomized design, 32 participants, SG (n = 11) and RYGB (n = 21) completed the study. Results: Results showed that fasting blood glucose (FBG) and Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) were significantly reduced from 113.55±30.18 mg/dL at baseline to 93.6±14.81 mg/dL at three months post operation following SG (p = 0.006). In addition, HbA1C decreased significantly in both groups at baseline, three- and six-months post operation (SG 6.41± 0.96, 5.4±0.36 and 5.28±0.57 % (p = 0.022) and RYGB 5.91± 0.94, 5.11± 0.57 and 4.96± 0.55% (p<0.001) respectively). Levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were restored significantly in both groups at 6 months compared to three months post-surgery (SG 41.2± 9.99, 38.67±4.85 and 45.36± 6.22 (p = 0.023) and RYGB 42.67± 9.97, 36.58± 6.06 and 43.03± 6.66 (p =0.003) respectively), whereas there is no significant different in low-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol. Conclusions: Both bariatric surgery (SG and RYGB) improved glycemic control and blood lipid profile. Trial registration: The trial is registered with Thai Clinical Trials Registry (TCTR20210429004) April 29, 2021.


Integration of the Swift-Hohenberg (SH) structure factor (SF) provided analytic results for the total power P , the first moment k, and the variance σ. Comparison of σ = 1/ξ with the halfwidth 1/ξ shows that ξ ∼ √ ξ. This may explain previous experimental results for domain chaos in Rayleigh-Benard convection with rotation that indicated ξ ∼ eeff (e is the distance above threshold) with νeff ≃ 1/4 in apparent disagreement with the theoretical prediction of ξ ∼ e with ν = 1/2. Fitting the SH SF to new data yielded ν ≃ 0.41, considerably closer to the prediction.


Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is conducted in this master thesis, it is a significant and comprehensive methodology to assess the environmental performance of product throughout its whole life cycle. In this study, the electronic control unit (ECU) is considered as the studied product, produced by Autoliv Sverige AB. Regarding the whole life cycle for ECU, it starts from raw material acquisition, manufacturing of components, assembling at Autoliv Motala, use in cars, end up with waste treatment of ECU. The outcomes from this LCA study reveal that total potentials for global warming are 22.7kg of CO2 equivalents, for acidification are 481.59g of SO2 equivalents, for eutrophication are 5.45 g of PO4 3- equivalents, for human toxicological impacts are 3.26 kg of 1,4-dichlorobenzene equivalents, for ecotoxicity impacts to air, water and soil are 110.8kg, 49.53kg and 1,49g of 1,4-dichlorobenzene equivalents individually. Besides, almost 1113kg of water and 320.2MJ of energy are consumed in ECU's whole life cycle, also generating 246.47 g of waste. All in all, the material production phase is the primary contributor for environmental loads. The environmental impacts from use phase are also significant in whole life cycle especially for global warming. Additionally, other phases have the much less contribution for environmental impacts comparing with raw material production and use phases. In the conclusion section, several suggestions are given for the sake of improving the environmental quality, including the parts of potential use and further studies. Regarding the potential use, the proposals in terms of product development, logistics plan improvement and marketing assistance are came up with for company of Autoliv. Speaking of further studies, some recommendations for the future LCA works are also presented, such as improvement of data quality, self-improvement assessment and establishment of network for LCA communication.


On the basis of designing theory of fuzzy probability,a preliminary discussion was carried out on the calculation of fuzzy probability design of fatigue strength for the cylinder of plunger pump and a living example of design has been given out.


There are some academic organization in universities,and the academic power plays the crucial role in the managing machineries of universities.The academic power is essential in university by investigating the university organizations not only about their origin,social function,and running regulation,but also their academic evaluating model,science foundation,science product evaluation,professional title promoting,and teaching activity evaluation.The characteristic of the academic power is academic freedom,professor managing,and university self-determination.


This paper describes the development of a real-time Expert System applied to the ore extraction Industrial branch, specifically used to assist the decision making and fault identification on rotary railcar dumpers of the operational productive system located at Ponta da Madeira Dock Terminal, built and operated by Companhia Vale do Rio Doce (now referred just as VALE) in São Luis-MA. The Expert System is built on JESS (Java Expert System Shell) platform and provides support to engineers and operators during the ore unloading as soon as supplying on-line information about faults triggered by device sensors of the rotary railcar. The system's conception involves the application of CommonKADS methodology, knowledge engineering and artificial intelligence techniques at the symbolic level for representing and organizing the knowledge domain in which the system is applied.


The paper presents an approach to generate consistent maps in real-time using a laser r ange sensor. Its application scenario is the Bremen Autonomous Wheelchair "Rolland" that is developed as an autonomous transport vehicle for hospitals. The paper consists of t wo pa rts: in the first one, a laser s can matching method is presented that i n several aspects improves an a lgorithm originally proposed by Weis et al. [14]. In the second part, a mapping approach is introduced that i s based on the scan matching method. Using a laser s canner mounted on the wheelchair, it generates consistent maps, i.e. maps that do no t have discontinuities resulting from the accumulation of errors in the mapping p rocess. As s uch a ccumulations cannot be avoided, the resulting errors are c orrected whenever the wheelchair returns to a reas already mapped. An important property of the presented approach is its r eal-time c apability. The mapping is performed on the fly and thus, the resulting maps can immediately be employed for self-localization.


A lineariser 100 for reducing distortion present in the output of an amplifier 110 (or other signal handling device) generates a predistortion signal from the amplifier input. The predistortion signal is mixed into the amplifier input signal using, for example, a vector modulator 112. The predistortion signal may be derived in a quadrature format, the orthogonal components of the predistortion signal being mixed into separate mixers of the vector modulator. The predistortion signal is generated by multiplying the input signal with itself repeatedly to generate components of distortion which are susceptible of independent control. The predistortion signal is generated digitally using DSP 116. A multiplier or mixer may be used to square the sampled input signal to produce a reduced frequency signal which the DSP can use to generate the predistortion signal. Another lineariser mixes the predistortion signal into the input signal during up conversion.