This chapter extends research on strategic display of emotions (Kopelman, Rosette, & Thompson, 2006) and investigates how negotiators can optimize both relational and economic outcomes through strategic response to displayed emotions. First, we consider what information can be gained from observing the emotional display of the other party. Next we review what the negotiation literature suggests one should do when faced with a party displaying emotion. We end by depicting a research program that accounts for both the behavioral tactics a negotiator employs and the personal qualities of the negotiator. We suggest that the recommendations in the existing literature overemphasize tactics and underemphasize the person employing those tactics. We argue that the success or failure of a strategic response to displayed emotions pivots on the responding negotiator's ability to balance strategic tactics with his or her authentic presence.


Abstract. Both oscillator and hourglass features are found in the photoperiodic response that controls the pupal winter diapause of Mamestra brassicae. The expression of oscillatory response to extended long‐night cycles is temperature dependent, i.e. circadian resonance appears at 23 and 25oC but not at 20 and 28oC. At 20oC, scanning of extended scotophases by a short light pulse does not reveal any clear circadian rhythmicity. However, a circadian feature of the photoperiodic response is indicated even at 20oC by a bistability phenomenon, i.e. either one of the two dark periods in symmetrical skeleton photoperiods determines the diapause response depending on the phase angle with the preceding (entraining) light‐dark cycles. At 20 and 25oC, the incidence of diapause increases as a function of the number of light–dark cycles regardless of the cycle length (T), if T is 24 h or 2 X 24h (with a 12 h light period). A non‐diel cycle (r=36h) is less effective, suggesting that disturbance of the circadian organization partly impairs the diapause‐inducing function. The inductive effect of a long night is largely affected by temperature, and becomes saturated with eight cycles at 20oC and 14 cycles at 25oC. Presumably, an hourglass mechanism measures the dark time, and a circadian component involved in some later sequence of the photoperiodic response may or may not be expressed depending on the mode of interaction between them.


In this paper, a nonlinear control scheme to swing up an Acrobot (acrobat robot) is proposed. The scheme is based on an idea to model a horizontal bar gymnast by the robot. The difference between the robot and the model of a human body is in the second link of the robot which rotates 360/spl deg/, whereas the lower half of human body does not rotate 360/spl deg/. To make the robot more humanlike mechanics, rotation of the second link angle of the robot is constrained mechanically. By using this robot, a control scheme to perform a swing-up motion of the Acrobot is proposed. A numerical simulation shows the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in this paper.


1-Vinylnaphthalene, 2-vinylnaphthalene, 4-vinylbiphenyl, and styrene were polymerized with Et3Al–TiCl4, Et2AlCl–TiCl3, and Et3Al–TiCl3 catalyst systems. The latter catalyst system gave polymers in 75–95% conversion which were at least 90% isotactic. Extraction with 2-butanone (MEK) separated the atactic from the isotactic fractions. The polymers were characterized by infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.


An important theme of this workshop has been to bring together experts from several different domains to discuss issues important in rotorcraft flight control. The experts have come from several different domains including psychophysics, control theory, human factors, and engineering. One goal of this workshop was to use interactions among the experts in these different domains as a way to understand problems in flight control. While the majority of these interactions, in my opinion, have been successful I believe that the workshop as a whole focussed to much on the specifics and may have missed the big picture of how these different areas are relevant to flight control. In this paper I will suggest a perceptual description of what I believe to be the major issues in flight control. Although this opinion will be from the viewpoint of a psychophysicist I hope that it captures the importance of some the issues from other research domains represented by others who attended the workshop.


The introduction of a curriculum and much revised membership of the Royal College of General Practitioners examination (MRCGP) have led to huge changes in GP training in the last few years. General practitioner (GP) trainers are involved as educational supervisors within this assessment process and play a significantly larger role in determining progress and competence than they hitherto did. In addition, the new GP specialist training (GPST) programmes incorporate 18 months rather than one year in primary care. Beyond this the scope and nature of general practice are also shifting, with recent developments including increased emphasis on the care of chronic medical conditions, intermediate care, a blurring of professional boundaries as nurses and nurse practitioners increasingly take on clinical responsibilities previously restricted to doctors, and the development of GP commissioning. These changes to the training programme and to the job of being a GP are influencing the way trainees are educated. In turn the educational knowledge, skills and approach of GP trainers need to adapt and develop to help their trainees to cope with a changing present and future. GP trainers are responsible for training and assessing future GPs whose job may look very different to the one the GP trainer currently undertakes. This project was set up to identify the training needs of trainers. It was decided to start by identifying the current and future unmet training needs of GP trainees. By focusing initially on the trainees and where their unmet needs lie, the task of identifying educational need for their trainers follows a logical and relevant progression. This idea is very similar to the problem-orientated methodology of patients' unmet needs (PUNs) and doctors' educational needs (DENs). This was adapted to TUNs and TENs – trainees' unmet needs and trainers' educational needs.


"Unknown and alone, I have returned to wander through my native country, which lies about me like a vast graveyard; and perhaps what awaits me is the knife of the hunter who preserves us Greeks for his sport even as he does the wild beasts of the forest." (Holderlin, Hyperion) (1) [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] The question of origins in Wajdi Mouawad's plays and film adaptations Littoral (published in 1999 and directed by Wajdi Mouawad in 2004) and Incendies (published in 2003 and directed by Denis Villeneuve in 2010) is concomitant to the question of belonging. Both questions are explored from multiple perspectives and both suggest various beginnings. While the plays combine references to different arts (2) as well as references to Greek and classical tragedies, the film adaptations seem to distance themselves from the plays' dialogical structure and introduce some narrative coherence into the discontinued and scattered timeline of war and memory depicted in the plays. This article will compare Mouawad's depiction of the question of origins in light of the historical and philosophical reality of war and study how origins are conditioned by fate imposed on the tragic hero. Littoral tells the story of a Canadian-Lebanese young man, Wahab, who struggles to bury his father in his parents' homeland. Throughout his journey, he discovers the truth about his father, and more importantly he discovers his country of birth ruined by war and terrorism. incendies follows lane, a Canadian-Lebanese daughter who strives to find traces of her father and brother in the rubble of a war-torn country she never knew. Both Wahab and Jane are sent on a quest, and both discover the roots of their multiple identities upon their parents' death, while travelling across their parents' country of birth. The powerful and multilayered construction of Mouawad's plays offers various beginnings to the narrative of origins, whether it is the narrative of the nomad (immigrant/traveler) or the narrative of war and displacement. The plot is built in order to explore, understand and challenge the conceptions of belonging and distance, of Self and Other, of identity constructions and postmodern dislocations. Both film adaptations respect and explore these elements and features; they also investigate the possibility of bringing together the reflection on war and the history of war in Lebanon within the "realist mode of representation" inherent to cinema, which helps in exploring the major questions of the plays under a different light. Hence, as one can see in cinema, the physical and material horrors of war take precedence over the transcendental tragedy of war depicted in the plays; moreover, both film adaptations open the door to clear partisanship and provoke controversy among film spectators who were mainly skeptical about the historical/sociological accuracy in both films as well as their political implications. Also within the cinematic context, the question of origins is altered in order to link together the immigrant's situation which involves at least two different cultures (Canadian and Lebanese) and the theme of civil war as a tragic event in Lebanon. Following the death of a parent, the hero is compelled to travel in quest for an answer to three recurring questions: who am I, where do I belong and how can I reconcile my multiple belongings, including belonging to my family's own history, within the context of displacement? In a much broader sense, Oneness (the One as opposed to the Multiple) which used to be a chief value in Modern Western thought seems no longer valid in the postmodern era when multiplicity has become the condition of the transnational individuals like the author and his characters. The displaced or the expatriate like Mouawad, and the temporal nomad like most of his characters, seek answers through the artistic expression (with its intrinsic logic of fragmentation and multiple beginnings) and through travelling and dislocation. …


The paper presents the results of a study in the kinematics and dynamics of a multi-blade disc cutting device. In the advanced hardware scheme, the clipping process is performed as punches. We have a straight blade edge rotated 200 degrees back from the radial direction. As a result, the sliding motion process is reduced and the trunk is easily cut. For this reason, it is advisable to reduce the sliding process when cutting a hard stem, and it is preferable that the blade be made in the form of a hyperbolic spiral, and not an Archimedes spiral, the curvature of which is directed towards the stem, and not in a straight line. Kinematic and dynamic studies performed on a multi-knife disk shearing device accelerate the technological process of the device, increase the pressure of the blade on the trunk, and make it possible to cut it intensively.


The article substantiates the need to control water at various stages of its purification before consumption. Several stages of water purification in the city of St. Petersburg are considered. The advantages and disadvantages of the used water control system are noted. Various options for monitoring the state of water in the pipeline between cleaning cycles are considered. The advantages of using a refractometer for monitoring the purity (quality) of water are shown.


Through the analysis and comparison of air flow measuring devices often used, this article sets forth the advantages of double-venturi tube type air flow measuring device in the application on utility boilers. On the basis of testing and research, the structure of double-venturi tube was optimized and designed, thus the stability and accuracy of measurement were greatly improved. And,based upon the on-site experiences, the measurement mode of air flow measuring devices was improved, so the adaptability to the measured air flow was obviously raised. The popularization and application of double-venturi tube in power plants proves the positive results.


A passionate declaration of support for decentralisation is qJite often found with the practice of centralisation all over the newly independent English-speaking countries, while the disparity between practice and profession is somewhat less in the French speaking world. This is not entirely the result of hypocrisy. It is the result of the interaction of several socio-historical factors which are usually bypassed by practical administrators and even academics as old, irrelevant history or needlessly complicated theory. This article examines briefly those factors, partly to clarify the whole historical and theoretical issue and partly to provoke some new thinking in regard to a balance between centralisation and decentralisation in lndia as well as in Africa.


Chiron will acquire the smaller biotechnology firm PathoGenesis in a deal worth about $700 million. Emeryville, Calif.- based Chiron, an established and profitable biopharmaceutical company, hopes to expand its product development pipeline through the acquisition. Despite being on target to achieve success on its own, Seattle-based PathoGenesis has been exploring its strategic options since early June in hopes of broadening its market reach. "We believe this acquisition will position us as a global player in infectious disease and cancer, with a fully integrated commercial and R&D portfolio across our biopharmaceuticals, vaccines, and blood screening business," says Sean P. Lance, Chiron's chairman, president, and chief executive officer. 'The acquisition will expand our revenue base, product portfolio, and pipeline." Chiron, founded in 1981 and 44% owned by Novartis, is expected to have revenues of nearly $900 million this year from sales of more than 40 products, many in the vaccine and testing ...


Excited states have been identified in the very neutron-deficient 122Ce nucleus. This is the first observation of this nucleus its excited states. The ground-state rotational band has been observed up to spin 14 h̄. The band has been assigned to 122Ce by detecting gamma rays in coincidence with evaporated charged particles and neutrons. The E(21 ) value suggests a rather larg ground-state deformation of β2 = 0.35, in good agreement with Hartree–Fock–Bogoliubov (HFB) mean-field calculations aligned angular momentum of the band has been studied and is compared with those of the neighboring even–ev isotopes, and to Woods–Saxon cranking calculations. The non-observation of the π(h11/2) 2 alignment until at least 0.4 MeV /h̄ is consistent with the extracted value of β2.  2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. PACS: 21.10.Re; 23.20.Lv; 27.60.+j; 29.30.Kv E-mail address: firstname.lastname@example.com (J.F. Smith). 1 Present address: Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia. 0370-2693/$ – see front matter  2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2005.08.035 204 J.F. Smith et al. / Physics Letters B 625 (2005) 203–211


Infection by Trichinella spiralis causes a variety of changes in skeletal muscle cells including the hypertrophy of nuclei and decreased expression of muscle specific proteins. Potential cellular processes leading to these changes were investigated. In synchronized muscle infections, [3H]thymidine was incorporated into infected cell nuclei from 2-5 days post infection. Labeled nuclei were stably integrated into the infected cell up to 60 days post infection and appear to originate from differentiated skeletal muscle nuclei present at the time of infection. These nuclei were further shown to contain a mean DNA content of ",,4N, indicating that the [3H]thymidine uptake reflects DNA synthesis and subsequent long-term suspension of the infected cell in the cell cycle at G2/M. Associated with these changes, muscle specific gene transcripts were reduced to <1-<0.1% in the infected cell compared to normal muscle. Transcript levels of the muscle transcriptional regulatory factors myogenin, MyoD1, and Id were reduced to <10, <1, and increased ,'~250%, respectively, in the infected cell compared to normal muscle, indicating transcriptional inactivation of muscle genes. DNA synthesis in the infected cell may represent the initiation event which leads to expression of this infected cell phenotype. RICHINELLA SPIRALIS is an intracellular nematode arasite of mammalian skeletal muscle cells. Invasion f muscle by first stage larvae (new born larvae) initiates dramatic changes in these cells. With the exception of its multinucleate nature, the infected cell has no morphological similarity to that of the original muscle cell (10, 36). Ultimate changes to the infected cell and the parasite appear to be achieved by 20 days post infection (dpi) t (10). After that time, the host/parasite relationship can remain stable for years. Changes in the phenotype of the infected muscle cell have been demonstrated at the morphological, ultrastructural and biochemical levels (reviewed in 36). The best studied of these include the development of a collagen capsule (38) and a circulatory rete surrounding the infected cell (2), greatly enlarged nuclei (13), increased activity of lysosomal acid phosphatase (ACP) (24, 27) and decreased expression of myofibrillar proteins (27, 28). Some of these characteristics may be derived from the host inflammatory cells which are persistently associated with infected cells. However, the complete dissolution of myofibrillar organization (10), increased ACP activity and increased size of infected cell nuclei are clearly related to processes within the infected muscle cell. Infection initiates the dissolution of myofibrils beginning by about "~2 dpi and is essentially completed by 1. Abbreviations used in this paper: ACP, lysosomal acid phosphatase; AChR-c~, acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha; dpi, days post infection; 3HT, tritiated thymidine. 10 dpi (10). Several myofibrillar proteins were undetectable and reduced to <1% in isolated infected cells relative to norreal muscle (28). Decreased abundance of myofibrillar proteins was demonstrated in the infected cell by 10 dpi in situ (27), although cellular processes responsible could have been initiated earlier. The level at which these changes are regulated is currently unknown and there are no characteristics that provide a clear link between the infected cell and any stage in the muscle cell lineage. Host cellular processes involved in initiating expression of the infected cell phenotype have not been identified, but characteristics of infected cells may provide important insights into these processes. Infected cells can contain over 100 nuclei (13) which are greatly enlarged (up to 15 #In diana) and have well developed nucleoli. Enlargement of nuclei has been detected by 5 dpi which is temporally correlated with increased ACP activity. ACP activity is the earliest known biochemical marker for the infected cell phenotype and can be detected by 5 dpi (27). Thus, the enlargement of infected cell nuclei may signify changes which initiate expression of the infected cell phenotype. It was also demonstrated that [3H]thymidine (3HT) could be incorporated into infected cell nuclei during asynchronous muscle cell infections (19). It was postulated that these nuclei are acquired during a regeneration response induced by the infection, which implies that they originate from satellite cells (36). Alternatively, infected cell nuclei could be derived from differentiated adult skeletal muscle nuclei present at the time of infection. DNA synthesis can be induced in © The Rockefeller University Press, 0021-9525/93/05/785/9 $2.00 The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 121, Number 4, May 1993 785-793 785 on O cber 8, 2017 jcb.rress.org D ow nladed fom mammalian myotubes recently fused from myoblasts which are infected with SV40, polyoma or Rous sarcoma viruses (18, 20, 23, 40). Large T antigen is involved in inducing this DNA synthesis (15, 22). Interestingly, virus infected cells appear to be blocked in G2/M and these nuclei are similar in size and morphology to T. spiralis infected cell nuclei. Clarifying fundamental changes such as these that occur in T. spiralis infected cells could identify host cellular processes involved in initiating expression of the infected cell phenotype, and contribute to the identification of parasite factors involved in inducing these processes. Here, changes acquired by infected cell nuclei were investigated by determining both the origin of these nuclei in vivo and their DNA content. The biochemical level at which muscle gene expression is regulated in the infected cell was also investigated by transcript analysis of muscle specific genes. Expression of muscle transcriptional regulatory protein genes, which comprise both positive (MyoD1 and myogenin) and negative (Id) helix loop helix regulatory factors (3, 9, 14), was also investigated. It was shown that nuclei of the infected cell are derived from differentiated skeletal muscle nuclei extant at the time of infection, and that these nuclei are induced to stably maintain an approximate 4N complement of DNA. Further, it was shown that transcripts for muscle structural and positive regulatory genes are greatly reduced in the infected cell compared to normal muscle, indicating that the decrease in muscle gene expression is regulated at the level of transcription. Materials and Methods Synchronized Infections and pH]thymidine Labeling Synchronized Z spiralis infections were initiated with new born larvae released from adult female parasites in vitro (11). Approximately 50000 new born larvae were injected into the thigh muscle of each mouse (6-8 wk old) on day 0. 3HT (2 #Ci/gnffd) was injected intraperitoneally in three equivalent doses given at 4 h intervals, for the days indicated. One exception to this protocol was in short-term labeling experiments in which infected mice rectived 2 #Ci/gm-mouse dispersed in three equivalent injections at 0, 1, and 2 h after initiation of labeling. Tissues for these mice were obtained 1 h after the last injection. All tissues were fixed in 10% formalin, embedded in wax and then cut in 5 #m sections. Sections were overlaid with emulsion for autoradiography and exposed for 6-24 d before development. Developed slides were counterstained with Mayer's hematoxylin. Exposure times were identical for all tissue sections in a given experiment and in figures shown. Only infected cell nuclei, identified by their large size and prominent nucleoli, within the infected cell were counted in these studies. Care for animals used in all experiments was in accordance with institutional guidelines. Muscle Regeneration and Irradiation Experiments To induce regenerating muscle, mice were first anesthetized with methoxyflurane. Surgical clamps were then externally appfied to the gastrocnemius muscle for 2 rain to induce muscle trauma. Synchronized T. spiralis infections were initiated as described above. FOr irradiation, the right rear leg was x-irradiated (2 krads) immediately before infection or clamping of muscle, which occurred on day 0. Mice then received the same form of trauma (clamping or infection) to each of their rear gastrocnemius muscles. Mice were labeled with 3HT as in synchronized infection experiments. In Utero Labeling of Adult Skeletal Muscle Nuclei To label differentiated skeletal muscle cell nuclei, young mice were labeled with 3HT during in utero development and as neonates up to 5 d postparturition (34) as described for labeling infected cell nuclei. The labeled nuclei of muscle precursor cells (satellite cells) were chased into myotubes during normal muscle growth over a 4-wk period. Muscles of mice were then infected with newborn larvae or induced to undergo regeneration. Nuclei counts were pooled from three mice comprising each group. Muscle samples from contralateral legs of each mouse served as a control. Regenerating muscle was obtained 5 d post-trauma and infected muscle was obtained at 10 and 20 dpi. Quantitation of DNA Content in Infected Cell Nuclei Infected cell nuclei were obtained by mechanically lysing infected cells, allowing larvae to sediment and filtering out other debris through lens paper (28). The filtrate containing infected cell nuclei and infiltrating cells was pelleted at 300 g, resuspended in 0.5% non-idet P40, incubated on ice for 4 rain, fixed in 10% buffered formalin and incubated in Hoechst 33258 DNA binding dye. Purified preparations of infiltrating cells were obtained as described (28), and their nuclei prepared similarly. Nuclei were then analyzed by microfluorimetry using a Nikon-Diaphot-TMD inverted, fluorescence microscope equipped with an f-I photometer. Infected cell nuclei were differentiated from infiltrating cell nuclei by their large size (>10 t~m) and well developed nucleoli. No nuclei with these characteristics were ever observed in the purified preparations of infiltrating cells. As an additional control, mouse astrocytes


Consider the following scenario: a violent incident occurs in rural Darfur. Four men are killed, and three are injured, when a settlement is attacked by unknown assailants. Onewoman and a child are reportedmissing. Three huts are burned and livestock is taken away. An African Union-United Nations Mission in Darfur (UNAMID) patrol 15 kilometres away is alerted to the incident but it cannot travel to the scene for 48 hours because the Government of Sudan police say the area is too dangerous. The UN's movement control officer agrees with this assessment. The UN patrol leader reports the incident back to his commander and thus the incident, once logged, becomes official. The incident becomes part of the daily and weekly briefings sent by UNAMID to UN headquarters in New York (through the Joint Operations Centres), and is also part of the Joint Mission Analysis Centre (JMAC) reporting on Darfur. It might also be reported by UNWomen or human rights personnel, although these reports may be worded differently (and human rights reports are routed through Geneva rather than New York). The incident is not contained in the monthly briefing and receives very scant media coverage in Sudan or elsewhere. It is worth noting that the incident, by this stage, has become data. Peacekeeping commanders on the ground, the desk officer in New York, and his or her JMAC colleagues, might see this single issue as part of a pattern of incidents and recommend a course of action in response. For example, they may alter patrolling patterns. Further up the UN chain, however, a single incident might become subsumed in more generalized reporting and analysis. Those in management and strategic roles might find the granularity of detail from specific incidents something of a hindrance: too much detail might be unnecessary to get the job done. As one UN interviewee noted, 'At headquarters level, precise details don't matter'. The crisis watch room in New York may decide that the incident does not pass the threshold to merit their attention. The incident might be just one of many


In order to achieve the best therapeutic effects,treatment for lung cancer should be individualized and with multidisciplinary therapy.Clinical oncologists should understand correctly,as a guideline in evidence based medicine,carrying out standardization treatment,looking forward to new breakthroughs of non-small cell lung cancer treatment.This article focuses on the basic principles of treatment and evidence-based medicine of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).


Efforts to propagate banana seeds with good quality on a large scale can be pursued through tissue culture techniques. In tissue culture often uses Murashige and Skoog (MS) media but these media are difficult to obtain. Growmore is a leaf fertilizer that has the potential to replace MS media because it has a complete nutrient content. This study aims to obtain the most effective composition of MS media and Growmore fertilizer for the growth of ambon banana shoots in vitro. The study was conducted at the Plant Physiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Sebelas Maret University using a completely randomized design pattern (CRD) with a single factor divided into 5 levels with 6 replications. Variables observed include the time of buds, number of shoots, plant height, time of leaves, number of leaves, time of roots, number of roots, root length. The results showed the composition of 25% MS + 75% Growmore gave the highest results on the number of shoots, the composition of 50% MS + 50% gave the best results on plantlet height, number of leaves, and number of roots.


Vorticity plays a fundamental role in turbulent flows. However, most closure models presently available do not treat vorticity in an explicit fashion. Hence it is suggested to investigate the dynamics of vorticity in turbulent flows and the effect on single-point closure models. The approach is to use direct numerical simulations of turbulent flows to investigate the pdf of velocity and vorticity. The pdf of velocity and vorticity is governed by a transport equation, which contains terms describing the dynamical processes of vortex stretching, viscous dissipation, and the effect of fluctuating pressure gradients as conditional fluxes in velocity-vorticity and physical spaces. These fluxes, together with appropriate boundary conditions, determine the evolution of the pdf from an initial state. Analysis of these fluxes shows that they cannot be represented in terms of the single-point pdf only, but require structural information in terms of two-point pdf's or two-point correlations. A direct way of getting information on the conditional fluxes is the statistical evaluation of results obtained from direct numerical simulations of turbulent flows, presently possible only at relatively low Reynolds numbers. This was carried out for a homogeneous shear flow. Consider a point (x,t) in a turbulent flow field. Let vi(x,t) and wi(x,t) be a realization of velocity and vorticity at the chosen point. The quantity (Lundgren 1967) ] _(v(x, t)v)_(w(x, t)w) (1)


Molecular orbital energy of thiazide diuretics, ethacrynic acid, DPN, DPNH, FAD and FADH2 was calculated by Simple-LCAOMO Method. ·K· values of the lowest vacant energy level and the highest occupied energy level of the compounds calculated were compared. It was suggested that furosemide, ethacrynic acid and quinethazone would interfere with the electron transport system in renal tubules. The diuretic action of these compounds might be due to their inhibitory effect on the redox sodium pump in renal tubules.


Preferred body sizes appear to decrease markedly with increasing exposure to contemporary notions of slimness and economic modernity, and reduce even further in industrial settings as socio-economic status increases. Recently a study examining physical attractiveness preferences in Britain and Malaysia, shows that preference for slim ideals varies according to socio-economic status. Malaysians in Britain and Kuala Lumpur preferred slimmer female bodies than observers in semiurban Kota Kinabalu, who in turn preferred slimmer figures than rural observers in East Malaysia. This study has important implications for the study of body image and eating disorders in Malaysia.


ABSTRACT This study provides the first nationally representative estimates of parent-reported barriers to mental health services for children with mental health conditions in the United States. It identifies individual, family, and environmental characteristics associated with the most common barriers to mental health care for children with common mental health disorders reporting the need for mental health services. Cost barriers, inconvenient service times, and lack of service availability or transportation barriers were the most reported barriers to mental health services. Children with more severe conditions reported these barriers at significantly higher rates than children with less severe conditions.


A reviewer for the Journal of the Royal Statistical Society of England comments "This is the first book covering in one volume all important topics in genetical statistics." Written to provide basic probability ideas in terms of genetic situations, since the theory of genetics is a probability theory; to give a definitive treatment of applications of these ideas to genetic theory; and to describe statistical methods appropriate to the data models that are developed.


Former consultant radiologist Oxford (b 1942; q London 1975; BSc, FRCR), d 23 November 2004.

Colin trained initially as a physicist, which led to two years as a radiation physicist at the Royal Sussex Hospital. After this he spent three years in Nashville, United States. In 1970 he decided to change direction, qualifying in medicine from St Bartholomew's Hospital. He did his preregistration jobs in Swindon, followed by senior house officer posts in Reading. He then became a radiology registrar in Oxford, obtained the FRCR, and was rapidly appointed consultant radiologist to the Oxford Radcliffe Hospitals. He leaves a wife, Jean, and two sons.


Two methods of discharge initiation in conducting liquid are considered as they can be easily realized in electro-discharge procedures. A dielectric insert in the potential electrode is used in the first method and the second methods uses the flowing charging current of a pulse generator capacitor battery through the working gap. The methods exert an effect on overheating instability forming around the potential electrode and allow to increase probability of breakdown in conducting media.


We used logistic models to estimate the risk of moose-train collisions for the Rørosbanen railway in Norway. During 1990–1997, a total of 13,506 train departures were registered along Rørosbanen during the months when the risk of collision was highest (December to March). The statistical model selected to predict the risk of moose-train collisions included train route, time of day, lunar phase and average train speed, as well as two climatic covariables, i.e. snow depth and temperature. Trains running at night, in the morning or in the evening experienced a higher risk of collision with moose Alces alces than day trains. The probability of collision was also higher during nights of full moons than during nights of half or no moons. As observed previously with trains in Norway moose-kills increased with increasing snow depth and decreasing temperatures. To test the predictability of the model, we used a logistic model based on train departures during 1990–1996 to predict the number of moose-train accidents during winter 1996/97. Although the model had a satisfactorily high predictability, the best models would probably be those based on a combination of both temporal and spatial aspects. We discuss how logistic models may be applied to introduce remedial actions on high-risk routes or during high-risk periods.


A low-cost and light-weight ultra-wideband bowtie antenna for radar applications was simulated, fabricated and tested. A concise and easy to follow step-by-step description of the performed bowtie antenna simulation in Ansys HFSS software is presented. Optimized antenna parameters were utilized to fabricate the antenna. Fabrication was achieved by utilizing an FR4 PCB. The prototype was tested using a spectrum analyzer. The fabricated bowtie antenna results were used to validate the simulation results. The results obtained from the simulation platform were in close agreement to those of the prototype antenna. Results on effect of substrate thickness and frequency on S11 are also presented. The prototype produced improved overall S11 as compared to the simulation. The results indicate that the fabricated antenna satisfies bandwidth requirements for the UHF, L and S bands.


Tool kit manual or motorized drive to facilitate attachment of dental implants. A set of instruments manual or motorized drive to facilitate the fixation of implants, combining strawberries (1, 2) and osteotomes manual or motorized drive (4A, 4B, 4C, 4D) of progressive diameters. These have a conical end (9), followed by a cylindrical portion and another end (7) for the accommodation of connectors (14, 17) to the surgical motor or a manual pump.


As one of the most important parts in the intelligent transport system,intelligent public transport system makes a rapid development.After analyzing the problem existed in Guangzhou transit system,the way of solving the problem by managing intelligent public transportation system is brought forward.Together with the public transport infrastructure and intelligent public transportation subsystem existed,the demand on the rapid change of the transport mode in the future years,this paper makes an outlook in the development of intelligent public transport in Guangzhou.


Objective To study the application of bronchoscopic interventions in the treatment of multidrug-resistant ventilator-associated pneumonia.Methods A total of 78 cases of multidrug-resistant ventilator-associated pneumonia were divided into intervention group receiving bronchoscopy and control group not receiving bronchoscopy.The blood gas analysis,the positive rate of first sputum culture,clinical pulmonary infection score and fatality rate were compared between these two groups.Results After treatment,the pH and p(O2) values were higher and p(CO2) values were lower in intervention group than those in control group(P0.05).The positive rate of first sputum culture was significantly higher,and clinical pulmonary infection score and fatality rate were significantly lower in intervention group than those in control group,which showed significant differences(P0.05).Conclusion Early application of bronchoscopy in the treatment of multidrug-resistant ventilator-associated pneumonia can improve the short-term prognosis.


The paper introduces the principle and the method detailedly that uses VC++to implement messenger service in windows operating system and discusses how to use win32API function(NetMessage BufferSend)to do it.


This research paper describes an updated calculation procedure being developed by the author for combined membrane inflated/pressurized systems considering nonlinear factors and elastic action of air in pressurized hollow spaces. Modern air-inflated pneumatic systems consist of the following components: air pressurizing fan/blower which can be combined with heat generator, air locks and flexible properly secured enclosure which forms hollow space with positive pressure. In contrast to air-inflated structures where positive air pressure is created in the building between the enclosure and the floor lens-shaped structures do not require sealing of the internal building and installation of air locks. Cover membranes can be made of metals or man-made light transmissive materials.


This study analyzes Brazilian Contractual Law and the underpinnings of freedom – a characteristic of contracts. Furthermore, this paper fully utilizes the literature review method, focusing on the theoretical-scientific construction and the philosophical model of freedom in Brazilian Contractual Law. Likewise, to understand comprehensively this theme, this research paper employs the modern paradigm of legal transactions over the classical one. Nonetheless, this study explores both paradigms, linking them to the liberal and republican notions of liberty. Finally, this paper notes that the foundation of Brazilian Contractual Law is the classical paradigm – previously mentioned as the liberal perception of freedom. However, with the modern paradigm overtaking the old, the Brazilian Constitution gives rise to the protection of individual, social, and collective rights, which are incremented into the Brazilian Civil Code; therefore, this paper demonstrates that simultaneously there are these two notions with different views and ideals.


Missed canal is one of the problems in endodontic teatment of the tooth with variation in root canal anatomy. It may lead to endodontic failure. Approximately 25 % of mandibular first premolar teeth are considered to have more than one root canal. The aim of this case report was to present the successful treatment of left mandibular first premolar with two canals. Knowledge of variation in root canal antomy of mandibular premolar, clinical examination, interpretation of radiograph, proper modification of the access opening and conventional endodontic procedure were also described.


This paper will develop the theme of the importance of community based involvement in the development of virtual learning environments (VLEs) for people with a learning disability. It is being presented alongside two other papers, one by the User Group, the other by the Testing Group, describing the design, testing and distribution of the Virtual City. This set of VLEs comprise a computer aided learning (CAL) tool to teach independent living skills to people with a learning disability. Our presentation will demonstrate the involvement of users in each of the stages of development of the Virtual City, and the benefits of this partnership, as opposed to a more tokenistic involvement. Along side the development of this methodology, the presentation will concentrate on the demonstration of the Virtual City to show how users can learn skills such as the use of public transport, road safety skills, safety within a home environment, the use of public facilities within a cafe and the development of shopping skills within a large supermarket. Video will also be shown demonstrating users involving themselves in the various stages of production of this CAL tool.


We consider the energy weighted sums (EWS) for isovector giant dipole resonances (IVGDR) in finite nuclei within the Landau's kinetic theory. The dependence of both IVGDR energy, EIVGDR, and EWS enhancement factor, κ(A), on the mass number A occurs due to the boundary condition on moving nuclear surface. The values of EIVGDR · A 1/3 and κ(A) increase with A. The obtained value of the enhancement factor is about 10% for light nuclei and reaches about 20% for heavy nuclei. A fit of the enhancement factor to the proper experimental data provides the value of the isovector Landau amplitude F ′ 1 ≃ 1.1.


Fuzzy immune PID control strategy was applied to temperature control system of resistance-heated furnace based on regulation function of biological immune feedback response and characteristic of approaching nonlinear function with fuzzy inference logic.Simulation research and practical results show that control effect of the method is superior to general PID control,and it is provided with better robustness and adaptive ability even if parameters are changed and disturbs are happened.


Background: Laboratory urine drug testing of patients on chronic opioid therapy requires providing a large test menu of medications commonly prescribed for this population as well as metabolites and illicit substances. It has been shown that liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is the preferred method to analyze urine specimens for these substances. Purpose of the study: To describe the challenges and some of the techniques to validate the analytical procedures used to identify and quantify these medications and substances. Methods: Using data obtained from testing over one million specimens, the authors developed a proposed test menu. Potential isobaric interferences were established by using literature references. A list of potentially interfering medications was obtained by using the proposed test menu and the most commonly prescribed medications. Finally, criteria were designed to detect possible carryover. Results: The LC-MS/MS instrumentation eliminated all potential interferences and provided quantitative data over the test range needed to monitor these patients. Carryover could be eliminated by setting the carryover thresholds for each analyte. Conclusions: Reference laboratories utilizing LC-MS/MS technology to conduct urine drug testing for pain clinicians should employ specific techniques described in this study to develop an optimal test menu and validate procedures that include isolating retention times for isobaric compounds, identifying interfering substances including impurities in medicinal and illicit substance preparations, monitoring ion suppression, and avoiding carryover.


There is an increasing demand for STEM-based careers. The awareness of the importance of STEM-based careers should be instilled in students, as early as secondary school level. The formation of students' interest should begin by understanding the needs of students and identifying factors that can encourage students' interest in STEM careers. The purpose of this study is to identify clearly, factors that influence the formation of students' interest in STEM careers, among science-stream students. The descriptive regression research design uses a questionnaire versions, that have been modified, which are the Science Motivation Questionnaire II (SMQ), the Student Attitude towards STEM (S-STEM) and the Interest in STEM Career and Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ). Overall, students are influenced by attitude, motivation and parental influence in the formation of interest in STEM careers. Motivation to learn science and parental influence is clearly seen as influencing students' interest in STEM careers, with a high reliability of .913 dan .918, respectively. Additional studies on students in other STEM fields such as Agricultural Science, Computer Science, Home Economics, Sports Science, Design and Technical studies, need to be carried out to identify the formation of interest in STEM careers on a broader scale.


Both silane and CPF(Controlled permeability formwork) are technologies to improve the durability of concrete by reducing permeability on concrete surface.This work analyzed the permeability of concrete surface by using silane and/or CPF in the air permeability test and the initial surface absorption test(ISAT).The results reveal that silane can reduce water absorption on the concrete surface effectively,but it almost have no effect on air permeability on the concrete surface,and CPF can reduce both of water absorption and air permeability, and the effect on reducing concrete surface permeability is better by using silane and CPF together.


This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Judy Feder, contains highlights of paper IPTC 19378, "Comprehensive Evaluation of NMR Characteristics of Complex Volcanic Reservoirs With Different Types of Rock Lithology," by Junchang Sun, Shijie Zhang, Jieming Wang, Hekun Guo, Chun Li, Hongcheng Xu, Sinan Zhu, and Kai Zhao, PetroChina, prepared for the 2019 International Petroleum Technology Conference, Beijing, 26–28 March. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2019 International Petroleum Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission.
 This paper discusses a study undertaken to gain better understanding of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) characteristics of volcanic reservoirs with different lithologies. Results of the study confirmed that accurate identification of reservoir-interval lithology, achieved through comprehensive laboratory NMR investigation of the volcanic rock, is a primary prerequisite of correct interpretation of NMR logging of volcanic reservoirs. The research results play an important role in guiding in-depth understanding of NMR characteristics of volcanic reservoirs and the implementation of NMR reservoir evaluation in corresponding areas.
 Introduction
 The introduction of NMR to the petroleum industry in the 1990s led to a breakthrough in logging. NMR can distinguish between movable and irreducible fluid, and is currently the only logging technology that can determine reservoir permeability. When used to interpret and evaluate complex reservoirs such as volcanic rocks and low-resistivity oil and gas layers, NMR provides logging analysts with new ideas and techniques to deal with various difficulties. By analyzing the NMR relaxation-time (T2) spectrum of rock plugs at a fully brine-saturated state, the distribution of reservoir pore size can be evaluated, and important reservoir evaluation parameters, including effective porosity, NMR permeability, and movable fluid saturation, can be obtained.
 Numerous studies have shown that, compared with sandstones and carbonates, volcanic reservoirs are much more complex and heterogeneous because of the special eruption diagenesis mechanism, many types of rock lithology, various mineral compositions, and a broad range of pore sizes. The models currently used for NMR logging interpretation are suitable only for sedimentary reservoirs. Consequently, accurate characterization of volcanic reservoirs using advanced NMR logging requires a comprehensive laboratory NMR investigation of volcanic rock.
 Materials and Methods
 For the study described in the complete paper, NMR sample analysis technology was adopted to perform NMR measurements and other related tests on a total of 108 low-permeability rock plugs from the Xushen reservoir of the Daqing field, the Changling reservoir of the Jilin field, and the Dixi reservoir of the Xinjiang volcanic gas field. The rock plugs comprised nine types of lithology representing the main producing formation lithology from the three reservoirs. Tests included CT scans, thin-section petrography, mercury injection, and mineral-composition analysis. Centrifuge tests were conducted with maximum centrifugal forces up to 500 psi to explore the suitable capillary pressure for T2cutoff determination. The paper includes a step-by-step description of the experimental procedure.


In this note, we first give an overview of the economic and traffic conditions of residential broadband Internet access in the United states, with a focus on Comcast's multiple-priority approach to congestion control for its cable modem termination system (CMTS). We compare the Comcast framework to alternative proposals, including those based on usage based pricing and quotas. The security overhead and potential network security benefits of usage priced systems are also explored


The converse problem and its mathematical programming models of parametric programmig are given. The converse problem of parametric programs group with common parameter is put forward.


Thin films of pure and silver doped zinc telluride were deposited on well-cleaned Corning glass substrates maintained at temperatures in the range 303 - 598 K by the vacuum evaporation method. The electrical conductivity of the pure films decreased from 1.1 X 10-5 to 4.4 X 10-6 ohm-1 cm-1 with the deposition temperature. The activation energy in the high temperature region was 0.33 eV, while at low temperatures it was 0.06 eV above the valence band. In the Ag doped films, the conductivity increased one order of magnitude. The optical band gap reduced from 2.23 eV to 2.18 eV with the Ag doping content.


Curcumin has a wide spectrum of biological and pharmacological activities, which could be better exploited in numerous medical applications if it were not for its poor water-solubility. In this study, we describe a new method to improve curcumin solubility, using a combination of paraffin oil and ethanol. Further, we describe a systematic and efficient procedure to develop a formulation and a scalable mixing method in order to produce curcumin loaded oilin- water nanoemulsions that can be used as nanocapsule templates with potential biomedical applications.


In order to deal with increasing needs of global energy resources, the increasing market competition and the global environment problems caused by greenhouse effect, globalization and specialization development of nuclear industry are strengthened. In this situation, the value and roles of Technical Support Organizations (TSO) are attached greater importance and paid more attention. Based on the practice of Research Institute of Nuclear Power Operation (RINPO), the author studies and describes TSO definition, basic functions competence requirements,TSOs'roles to strengthen nuclear safety and radiation safety and challenges faced by TSOs. Besides, some suggestions and views are submitted for peers'reference.


Compared the retention characteristics of 2 types of kinesthetic information by controlling the use of the reproduction cues of distance and location in the recall of a blind lever-positioning movement. The variability about the mean algebraic error (VE) was used to evaluate decay and interference e


We present a new formulation for the problem of electromagnetic scattering from perfect electric conductors. While our representation for the electric and magnetic fields is based on the standard vector and scalar potentials A,φ in the Lorenz gauge, we establish boundary conditions on the potentials themselves rather than on the field quantities. This permits the development of a well‐conditioned second‐kind Fredholm integral equation that has no spurious resonances, avoids low‐frequency breakdown, and is insensitive to the genus of the scatterer. The equations for the vector and scalar potentials are decoupled. That is, the unknown scalar potential defining the scattered field, φscat, is determined entirely by the incident scalar potential φinc. Likewise, the unknown vector potential defining the scattered field, Ascat is determined entirely by the incident vector potential Ainc. This decoupled formulation is valid not only in the static limit but for arbitrary ω ≥ 0$. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Since the advent of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI), this technology has been significantly contributed modern society in many aspects such as medical and informational science. With further approaches in this interdisciplinary technology and based on current research, BCI is considered to be the potential solution to medical or surgical difficulties such as restoration of neurological function or motor abilities. In this article, the current state of BCI development in multiple platforms was briefly introduced. By organizing and analyzing laboratory data from the state-of-the-art BCI research, this article also illustrated the breakthrough on different BCI systems based on the lab data. The multitude of applications and contributions in medical science and engineering of both invasive and non-invasive systems were also discussed with the help of clinical data. Eventually, the potential and future attempts will be projected and inferred based on the present state of such connection in this article. After comparing and contrasting two types of interfaces and analysis, a conclusion could be made that invasive systems will eventually surpass noninvasive methods in more applications areas due to its preponderance of precise control.


Objective To investigate the pick take clinical psychological intervention in pregnant women with artificial abortion of curative effect analysis.Methods This article will select 2011 June to 2011 December in our hospital 520 cases of painless artificial abortion of primiparas clinical interventions in the clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.Results Two patients preoperatively are some anxiety,but the observation group in the implementation of the mental intervention score was(38.73±6.34);the control group in the postoperative score was(42.05±7.62).The observation group were treated after psychological intervention in the SAS score compared with the control group was significantly lower(P 0.05).Conclusion In painless abortion psychological intervention,to effectively alleviate the patients fear,anxiety and loneliness,so that patients are able to maintain a stable mentality,to tie in with the operation,to reduce postoperative complications are very important.


2 O OM that they have anti-coagulant properties. () . It is the object of our invention to Synthesize 6 No-R M S these 4-hydroxycoumarins by a process which is 5 H -ROH -H. free from many of the difficulties of previous pro4 s /--R 29=0 cesses (which have been used to produce only a O h 6/ few 4-hydroxycoumarins), is more nearly free 10 from troublesome side reactions, gives increased An acylsylic acid seat it. An alcohol yields, is more convenient from a manipulative standpoint, and is suitable for large-scale producwhich Rattanefore tion; and to purify them simply and effectively. is conveniently methyl or ethyl, (which is eliminated These 4-hydroxycoumarins are denotropic, 'in the reaction form the corresponding a E. Ye "E. i. E. s g cohol,) and M is an alkali metal, desirably sodium. th 2,4-diketoch Th On adding sufficient acid, such as hydrochloric e name 2,4-diketochromans. ey are repreor sulfuric acid, the salt of the 4-hydroxycoumarin sented by the following general formula: is converted into the 4-hydroxycoumarin itself. (1) OE B O A. The following two species (indicated as overall B reactions in which the Sodium has been disposed sc-R H-6 yc4r of by the subsequent acidification) are the only two which Pauly and Lockemann give: 20=0 H20=0 6/ 8/N6/ 25 () OB


Constraints on the volatile inventory and outgassing history of Mars are critical to understanding the origin of ancient valley systems and paleoclimates. Planetary accretion models for Mars allow either a volatile-rich or volatile-poor mantle, depending on whether the accreted materials were fully oxidized or whether accretion was homogeneous so that water was lost through reaction with metallic iron. The amount of water that has been outgassed from the interior is likewise a contentious subject, and estimates of globally distributed water based on various geochemical and geological measurements vary from a few meters to more than a thousand meters. New data on SNC meteorites, which are thought to be Martian igneous rocks, provide constraints on both mantle and outgassed water.


After in-depth analysis of the grading criteria of the interpretation part in current TEM 8 oral test,the author points out two problems with the criteria: only accuracy is counted and it leads to the incompleteness of evaluation;the grading unit of interpretation is not accurate and it results in the inadequacy of reasonableness.It is also proposed that an item "oral expression" should be added to the grading construct and the "grading unit" should be adjusted according to the information emphasis of meanings so as to increase the accuracy in assessing students' interpretation.


The 1CRISAT Gene Bank houses the world's most exhaustive collection of pigeonpea, Cajtmus co-jam, and its close relatives, which a « classified in the subtribe Cajaatoae, tribe Phaseoleae, family Lcguminosae. Wild relatives have a significant rote ia pifeonpea improvement at present aad in the future. Many of them ate under threat of extinction, and some nay be already extinct. 1CRISAT botanists have been collecting Cajaainae from their major areas of occurrence which include India» Nepal, Burma and Thailand from 1975 onwards. This paper highlight» the manner and frequency of occurrence of the species of Cajemus (incl. Atylosia), Rhynchosia, Dunbaria, Flemingïa, Parocalyx, and Eriosema as observed during recent collection trips compared with herbarium record». Evidently the habitats of several species haw shrunk. Some species, such m C. elongatus aad C. viilmus from NE India aad C, grandifloms to N and NE India are so difficult to find that they may be close to extinction. These species need to be salvaged. Others may be extinct in son» habitats, weh as C. serkeus front the Eastern Ghats.


Abstract : Instructional Systems Development (ISD) has contributed to the efficiency and low cost of air flight training through the medium of the simulator. Task analysis is a component of ISD, and its application to the improvement of devices such as simulator instructor/operator consoles will continue to enhance the quality of flight training. Task analytic techniques are inextricably interwoven into the design of an instructor/operator console. The application involves the process, persons, and a machine within the context of a flight simulator. The tasks of the instructor and student are primary in the design process. The efficiency and economy of the task analytic process has implications for its use in the future developments of automated flight training. (Author)


The interplay between the mechanical properties of cells and the forces that they produce internally or that are externally applied to them play an important role in maintaining the normal function of cells. These forces also have a significant effect on the progression of mechanically related diseases. To study the mechanics of cells, a wide variety of tools have been adapted from the physical sciences. These tools have helped to elucidate the mechanical properties of cells, the nature of cellular forces, and mechanoresponses that cells have to external forces, i.e., mechanotransduction. Information gained from these studies has been utilized in computational models that address cell mechanics as a collection of biomechanical and biochemical processes. These models have been advantageous in explaining experimental observations by providing a framework of underlying cellular mechanisms. They have also enabled predictive, in silico studies, which would otherwise be difficult or impossible to perform with current experimental approaches. In this review, we discuss these novel, experimental approaches and accompanying computational models. We also outline future directions to advance the field of cell mechanics. In particular, we devote our attention to the use of microposts for experiments with cells and a bio-chemical-mechanical model for capturing their unique mechanobiological properties. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4025355]


Background Probiotic bacteria are proposed to alleviate atopic dermatitis (AD) in infants. There are few indications about the effect of probiotics on AD in adults.


Fundamentally,agriculture is the root assurance of human survival,economic development and the stability of the society in civil economy.The agriculture assurance is one of the most important policies which is supported and stabilized by each part of the world on agriculture production.However,the agriculture assurance in China recently has suffered dilemma of "shortage in supply and limitation in demand".Thus,this article provides some conductive measures after analyzing the supply and demand in China′s agriculture assurance.


Energy is a vital or essential input in many processes in todays world. Nowadays the life is hard to visualize without television, air conditioners, warm houses, refrigerators etc. Due to the dependence on energy, there has always been a problem of allocating adequate resources from the energy domain for meeting the appetite of energy on the process side. But the main issue is to balance energy versus process performance in order to achieve equilibrium state between process and energy domain. The balance is useful in a sense that there is no way of improving one side without worsening the other. The more efficient use of energy resources might save energy and by creating a balance between process requirements and resources, an optimised process performance can be achieved. Our research will address this above-mentioned issue in greenhouse problem domain but it will also be applicable to other processes requiring energy.


Using data from the Preadmission Screening Program in the Commonwealtbs of Virginia, results of tabular and logistic regression analyses are used to discuss explanatory models for recommended care settings in an elderly Medicaid population. Significant explanatory variables for recommendations in an institutional setting were consistent with a need for long term supervision and care. Intermediate care recommendations were more often associated with individuals who were not mentally competent or had no one to provide informal support while skilled tare individuals generally had sPecific nursing needs (dressings, decubitis ulcers, medication administration) and increased mobility restrictions while receiving rehabilitative care and services.


We prove an homogenization result, in terms of $\Gamma$-convergence, for energies concentrated on rectifiable lines in $\R^3$ without boundary. The main application of our result is in the context of dislocation lines in dimension $3$. The result presented here shows that the line tension energy of unions of single line defects converge to the energy associated to macroscopic densities of dislocations carrying plastic deformation. As a byproduct of our construction for the upper bound for the $\Gamma$-Limit, we obtain an alternative proof of the density of rectifiable $1$-currents without boundary in the space of divergence free fields.


The primary object of this fundamental research is to reveal new study of Late Jurassic Manketou Obo Formation and Early Cretaceous Manitu Formation, Baiyingaolao Formation, in Huiyin Obo area, East Ujimqin County, Inner Mongolia. Several sets of experiments were carried out to test the validity of three formations' age, and these forms can be contrasted with Chagannuoer Formation and Bulagehada Formation from "1/250000 Regional Geology Survey in Hesigewula Farm." As a result of our study, we concluded that further research into the Mesozoic volcanic rocks on the Huiyin Obo is necessary.


Stakeholders,external accountability of government and intrinsic quality help change the American higher education assessment to learning outcome as an important standard.Institutions of accreditation and quality assessment implement assessments on basis of learning outcomes.New framework and standards of higher education assessment are constructed for the sake of quality control.


INTRODUCTION- Laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation invariably cause hemodynamic changes associated with increased heart rate,
increased blood pressure and occasional disturbance in cardiac rhythm. These hemodynamic changes arise as a form of autonomic reex and due to
release of norepinephrine and to a lesser extent epinephrine. Effective attenuation of sympathoadrenal response is an important goal in
anaesthesiology. Not only the intubation surge but the intraoperative hemodynamic maintenance is also a very challenging step for a successful
balanced general anaesthesia.
METHODOLOGY- 60 normotensive patients belonging to ASA1 and ASA2 (age between 18 to 60 yrs)scheduled for elective surgical procedure
were divided randomly into two groups of 30 each. All patients received premedication with Midazolam. Group F will received Fentanyl 2ug/kg 3
minutes before intubation and group M received Tramadol 1mg/kg , Lignocaine 2% 1.5mg/kg and Mgso4 2gm over 10 minutes 15 minutes prior to
intubation. Pre-oxygenation was done for 5 minutes before laryngoscopy. Induction of anaesthesia was done with Propofol. Intubation was done by
using Succinylcholine. Intraoperative hemodynamics was maintained by O2, N20, Sevourane and Atracurium. Heart rate, SBP, DBP and MAP
were documented non-invasively at baseline ,before induction,1 minute ,3,5,15 and 30 minutes after intubation.
RESULT- There was no statistically signicant difference in the demographic characteristics between the two groups. Immediately after
intubation heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean blood pressure were better controlled in Fentanyl receiving
patients. But thereafter intraoperative hemodynamics (HR,SBP,DBP,MAP) are better maintained in patients receiving the Three Drug
Combination of Lignocaine-Tramadol-Magnesium Sulfate(statistically signicant).
Moreover intraoperative requirement of Non-depolarising muscle relaxant is signicantly less frequent in the Three Drug Combination receiving
patients as compared to Fentanyl receiving patients. Post-operative timing of receiving rst dose of rescue analgesic is also delayed in LignocaineTramadol-Magnesium Sulfate receivers.


Administration of cysteinamine in combination with the chemical substances, which are the typical stimulants of the carotid zone (such as cytisin, sodium cyanide), brings about a certain increase of its protective effect in radiation sickness. (tr-auth)


A Lagrangian Stochastic Model for the two- particles dispersion, aiming at simulating the pollutant con- centration fluctuations, is presented. Three model versions (1-D, 2-D and 3-D) are tested. Firstly the ability of the model to reproduce the two-particle statistics in a homoge- neous isotropic turbulence is discussed, comparing the model results with theoretical predictions in terms of the probabil- ity density function (PDF) of the particles separation and its statistics. Then, the mean concentration and its fluctuations are considered and the results presented. The influence of the PDF of the particle separation on the concentration fluctua- tions is shown and discussed. We found that the separation PDF in the inertial subrange is not gaussian and this fact in- fluences the predicted concentration fluctuations.


Goal: This study aims to assess the importance and use of Information Security (IS) governance in the electricity industry and other segments, in order to propose IS governance guidelines for this industry.
Design/methodology/approach: Literature review was made of scientific articles, frameworks and norms that supported the field research applied to managers, coordinators and experts from IS area, totaling 104 respondents from different countries. The data collected were analyzed by comparing the degree of importance with the use, and also by means of cross-analysis.
Results: It was observed that most respondents agree with the importance of the themes approached, however, in practice, these concepts are not always used by the organization. Besides, it was observed that when security is directly responding for the high level of the organization, the maturity level is between optimized and managed. However, where security is subordinated to the technology area, the level appears with higher percentage, as repeatable.
Limitations of the investigation: The sample size is a limiting factor as it was conditioned to questionnaire responses sent to IS experts through electronic means and social networks and it is not possible to generalize as the population size is not known.
Practical implications: To assist the electricity industry in taking measures turned to IS governance, and, with that, increase consumer protection with regard to their classified data and the company's reliability in power supply.
Originality/value: The present research originality lies in the proposal of 10 IS governance guidelines obtained from the literature review and the field research applied to IS experts, aiming to raise, more and more, its level of maturity.


The objective of the project supported by PRC was to develop a test method for measuring the toxicity of combustion products from polymeric materials including cellular plastics. The development of such a test procedure was considered an essential first step to determine the hazard to life when cellular plastics are involved in fire. As result of this work, a test procedure was developed. It consists of 3 major elements; (1) combustion system, (2) chemical analysis system and (3) animal exposure system. Two biological endpoints obtained from the exposure are: (1) incapacitation in 30 minute exposure period, and (2) lethality in 30 minutes plus 14 days post exposure. The test apparatus has been evaluated to determine mixing rates and loss of reactive chemicals in the exposure chamber. In addition, a statistical evaluation of the experimental results demonstrated that order of incapacitation was independent of animal location. Evaluation of a limited number of different materials that produce different toxicological syndromes has demonstrated the utility of all 3 endpoints. Two natural polymers (wood and wool) and 2 synthetic materials (modacrylic and PTFE) have been studied in detail. In addition, preliminary data have been obtained on a flexible polyurethane foam (CM-21).


Present fast approximation methods of disturbing gravity can only work under the conditions that the active phase of the trajectory is known,which brings difficulty to the gravity field information service for the mobile launching of ballistic missiles.A fast approximation method of the disturbing gravity was proposed,which can work for any launching directions within the active phase.Numerical experiments showed: the accuracy of 3×10-5 ms-2 was proposed with 6 groups of frequency-wise polynomial models in the active phase of the trajectory.


At the beginning of automobile development electromobiles successfully competed with internal combustion engine motor vehicles. But with the development of internal combustion engine constructions automobiles were widely used outside cities and electromobile mileage without charging turned out not to be competitive. The beginning of the 21 st century can be considered as rebirth of wider application of electromobiles when hybrid automobiles were started to be used and also modern electromobiles and other electric vehicles were constructed. One of the most essential advantages of electric vehicles is low application costs. The most important part of the application costs is fuel costs for internal combustion engine vehicles or charging costs of electric vehicles. The article presents the methods of determination of electric bicycle, slow pace purchasing electromobile, slow pace electromobile and electromobile charging parameters and the analysis of the costs as well as a comparison with analogical internal combustion motor vehicles.


The Mobile Game Lab is a community of players, designers and researchers of Mobile Games currently initiated from the research project Landmarks of Mobile Entertainment. As researchers we find ourselves in a quite complex, frightening and yet pleasurable situation. Our research goal is to develop a dynamic system of landmarks for pedestrian navigation by means of mobile game play. To achieve our goal, we have to play and involve other players, we have to understand the various facets of game design and research, we have to deal with different partners, and integrate their diverse practices. How to focus on such a project in a manner that the different forces involved move in synchrony with mobile game play at the core? Within our paper we introduce the casual mobile game cubodo as a first empirical instance of the lab for developing our approach and spelling out what we call the mobile game play cycle. More than other games, Casual Mobile Games defy traditional definitions of gameplay and related concepts of game design and research. Casual mobile games are deeply intertwined with everyday activities. To understand, deploy and deepen this connection the integration of play, design and research is required. Accordingly we found that cubodo was well suited to form the idea of the lab.


The present study was performed in order to evaluate the state of activity of the taste bud cells of the fish Oryzias latipes. Two types of taste bud cells, namely pale cells and dark cells were distinguished and scored separately. From the irradiation experiment on adult fish, it was found that pale cells were more radiosensitive than are dark cells. At 10 days after irradiation with 1000 R, repopulation of the pale cells was observed and their number returned almost to the control value. In the experiments using various stages of embryos, the formation of the taste bud cells was highly radiosensitive at their early embryonic stages.


Scalable coding techniques can be used to efficiently provide multicast video service and involve transmitting a single independently coded base layer and one or more dependently coded enhancement layers. Clients can decode the base layer bitstream and none, some or all of the enhancement layer bitstreams to obtain video quality commensurate with their available resources. In many scalable coding algorithms, residual coding information is the only type of data that is coded in the enhancement layers. However, since the transmitter has access to the original sequence, it can adaptively select different format conversion methods for different regions in an intelligent manner. This adaptive format conversion information can then be transmitted as enhancement data to assist processing at the decoder. The use of adaptive format conversion has not been studied in detail and this thesis examines when and how it can be used for scalable video compression. A new scalable codec is developed in this thesis that can utilize adaptive format conversion information and/or residual coding information as enhancement data. This codec was used in various simulations to investigate different aspects of adaptive format conversion such as the effect of the base layer, a comparison of adaptive format conversion and residual coding, and the use of both adaptive format conversion and residual coding. The experimental results show adaptive format conversion can provide video scalability at low enhancement bitrates not possible with residual coding and also assist residual coding at higher enhancement layer bitrates. This thesis also discusses the application of adaptive format conversion to the migration path for digital television. Adaptive format conversion is well-suited to the unique problems of the migration path and can provide initial video scalability as well as assist a future migration path. Thesis Supervisor: Jae S. Lim Title: Professor of Electrical Engineering


We summarize the state of the art of the ``close approximation'' to black hole collisions. We discuss results to first and second order in perturbation theory for head-on collisions of momentarily-stationary and non-stationary black holes and discuss the near-future prospect of non-axisymmetric collisions.


S. kushidai was xenically propagated on dog food/agar and pig offal/agar media supplemented with peptone (1.2%). It propagated to a lesser extent on Wouts' lipid agar medium. The nematode was also xenically propagated on a medium of soluble starch, D-glucose, lard, peptone, yeast extract, agar and distilled water. pH and media composition required for optimal production of the nematode were examined. Maximum yield of infective juveniles was on soluble starch (0.6%), D-glucose (1.0%), lard (3.0%), peptone (1.5%), yeast extract (1.5%), agar (0.3 to 1.0%) and 33 mM Bis-Tris buffer (pH 6.7).


Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) from the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) and sonic hedgehog (SHH) from the zone of polarizing activity (ZPA) in the distal posterior limb bud mesoderm are critical for limb outgrowth and patterning. Maintenance of SHH expression is dependent on FGF, but the mechanism by which FGF regulates SHH has not been determined. Previous gene arrays have identified 300+ genes up‐regulated in response to FGF application. Among the genes up‐regulated by FGF was Transcription Factor Activating Protein‐2 gamma (TFAP2C). TFAP2C was up‐regulated within 3 hours of FGF application, which led us to hypothesize that TFAP2C was a downstream intermediate in the FGF to SHH regulation pathway.


The article analyses holograms counterfeiting techniques and presents grounds for the choice of the optimum type of holograms best protected against counterfeiting -- volume holograms. There is a description of these holograms registration process on DuPont OmniDex photopolymer film and the analysis of the perspective of their use during banknotes production.


A thermal microwave emission model of layered snowpacks (MEMLS) (Wiesmann and Matzler, 1997) was developed for the frequency range, 5 to 100 GHz. It is based on radiative transfer, using six-flux theory to describe multiple volume scattering and absorption, including radiation trapping due to internal reflection and a combination of coherent and incoherent superpositions of reflections between layer interfaces. The scattering coefficient was determined empirically from measured snow samples, whereas the absorption coefficient, the effective permittivity, refraction and reflection at layer interfaces were based on physical models and on measured ice dielectric properties. The number of layers is only limited by computer time and memory. A limitation of the empirical fits and thus of MEMLS is in the range of observed frequencies and correlation lengths (a measure of grain size). First model validation for dry winter snow was successful. MEMLS has been coded in MATLAB. It forms part of a combined land-surface-atmosphere microwave radiation model for radiometry from satellites.


Oral immunologic tolerance or oral tolerance may be described as a state of systemic unresponsiveness to parenteral immunization that is induced by prior antigen feeding (1). Historically, the hypersensitivity to poison ivy was reportedly modulated by the intake of poison ivy leaves by American Indians, but sufficient documentation for this effect is lacking (2). The term "oral tolerance" was first coined by Chase (3), who described a reduction of cutaneous hapten sensitization in mice by prior feeding of the hapten. Oral tolerance has been demonstrated convincingly in rodents fed a variety of antigens such as bacteria (Streptococcus mutans) and heterologous blood cells or soluble protein antigens such as ovalbumin (4-6). However, species differences do exist, for example, the rabbit does not seem to develop oral tolerance (7). Also, certain antigens such as cholera toxin do not induce oral tolerance and may abrogate oral tolerance to unrelated antigens (8). Oral tolerance has been described in both the humoral and the cellular immune systems. Interestingly, antigen feeding at low doses suppressed cellular immunity but left the humoral responsiveness intact (9). In general, immune tolerance may occur by clonal deletion, clonal anergy (10), or suppression (Table 1), With regard to oral tolerance, local and systemic suppressor T cell circuits may be operating (11-13). Also, the digestion and absorption of antigen by the intestine have been implicated in the production of tolerogenic forms of the antigen in the circulation (14,15). At least for protein antigens, a major mechanism appears to be the accumulation in Peyer's patches of antigen-specific suppressor T cells, which later populate systemic lymphoid tissues such as the spleen (11). A month or so after antigen feeding of the animals, suppressor T cells cannot be identified, but the animals remain unresponsive to the fed antigen, suggesting the operation of different mechanisms such as clonal deletion or anergy. A secretory immune response has been described despite systemic tolerance, but only a few studies have looked directly at the secretory immune response (16). The levels of salivary antibodies were low, so a secretory immune response may not be an obligatory event.


The textbook is devoted to theoretical and practical aspects of interaction between business and the state. Theoretical bases of interaction between business and the state are considered. The features of interaction between the state and business in the field of investment, public procurement, antitrust regulation, public-private partnership are analyzed, the social responsibility of the participants of this interaction is determined. Theoretical bases of adaptation of the state and business in the conditions of cyclic development of economy are given. The publication is intended for bachelors studying in the direction of "Economics", for undergraduates studying in different directions, for teachers.


We investigate the possibility to distinguish the small-coupling, slow-rotation black hole solution of Chern–Simons (CS) gravity from the Kerr solution. We develop simulations of electromagnetic observables in the vicinity of CS and Kerr black holes. We show that the typical relative observable difference between CS and Kerr spacetimes is of the order of 0.1% thus beyond reach of current or near-future instruments.


In many adaptive filtering applications, such as in the case of the Volterra filters, the use of channels of unequal orders is common. This paper introduces a new multichannel fast QRD-RLS algorithm based on the updating of a posteriori backward errors that attains both cases of channels of equal or unequal orders. This new algorithm exhibits good numerical behavior and is order recursive, which allows a systolic array implementation with lower computational complexity compared to earlier proposed algorithms.


The number of active substances registered for wireworm control is decreasing. Consequently, inventorization programs were launched to find and identify potential wireworm biological control agents. Metarhizium brunneum Petch was isolated from an adult Agriotes sp. (Coleoptera: Elateridae) in Slovenia. The strain belongs to a phylogenetic lineage of M. brunneum accommodating isolates from Asia and North America while it was reported from Europe (Denmark and Switzerland) only recently, and for the first time in Slovenia. Its pathogenicity to field-collected Agriotes spp. was tested in feeding and soil experiments. The latter lasted either 15 or 90 days and adopted different concentrations of fungal conidia. Coating potato slices with conidia had no effect on mortality. However, M. brunneum in soil significantly increased wireworm mortality in shortand long-term bioassays. The average LT50 based on Probit analysis was 44.6 days for the M. brunneum treated wireworms and 741 days for the negative controls.


Abstract I argue that the debate between proponents of substance causation and proponents of causation by powers, as to whether substances or their powers are causes, hinges on whether or not powers (as properties) are self-exemplifying or non-self-exemplifying properties. Substance causation is committed to powers being non-self-exemplifying properties while causation by powers is committed to powers being self-exemplifying properties. I then argue that powers are non-self-exemplifying properties, in support of substance causation.


Background: Acute appendicitis is a common problem and can be difficult to diagnose at time. There are many scoring systems to predict the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. The most commonly used scoring system is Alvarado scoring system but, it is far from perfect. In this study we compare Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Appendicitis (RIPASA) scoring system to Alvarado scoring system in correctly diagnosing acute appendicitis. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the department of general surgery, Sree Gokulam Medical College and Research Foundation. It comprised of 60 consecutive patients who were admitted with suspicion of appendicitis who had right iliac fossa pain. RIPASA and Alvarado scoring was done and compared to histopathology after surgery. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy was calculated. Results: Majority of the patients were below 30 years of age majority were males 36 (60%). When Alvarado score predicted appendicitis in 31 (51.77%) and RIPASA in 54 (90%). When the RIPASA score was >7.5 the sensitivity was 100%, specificity 67% and accuracy was 95%. Conclusions: RIPASA scoring system is more accurate to diagnose acute appendicitis especially when RIPASA score is >7.5. literatures.


PURPOSE: A method of forming an isolation layer of a semiconductor device is provided to prevent effectively abnormal operations of an STI device by rounding an edge part of a silicon substrate adjacent to a trench. CONSTITUTION: A pad oxide layer(22) and a pad nitride layer are formed on a silicon substrate(21). An isolation region of the silicon substrate is exposed by patterning the pad nitride layer and the pad oxide layer. A trench(25) is formed within the silicon substrate by etching an exposed part of the silicon substrate. A sidewall of the pad nitride layer is removed. A sacrificial oxide layer(27) is formed on a surface of the trench. A nitride layer(29) is formed on each surface of the pad nitride layer and the sacrificial oxide layer. A polysilicon layer is formed on a surface of the nitride layer. An oxide layer(35b) is formed on the polysilicon layer by performing an oxidation process. A surface of the oxide layer is planarized to expose the pad nitride layer. An isolation layer is formed by removing the pad nitride layer.


Abstract Observations of cathodoluminescence in ZnS single crystals using scanning transmission electron microscopy exhibit a dependence on crystal orientation indicating that about 20% of the signal originates in localized excitations. This figure can be explained in terms of energy transfer to valence excitations from energetic secondary electrons ejected from inner shells. Similar effects may operate in electron-beam-induced-conductivity images, X-ray production and other processes.


Considering the deficiency of direct-encoding raster data in computation efficiency and storage capacity, in this paper, a new run-length encoding data structure is proposed, which is suitable for algebraic operations and could optimize the algebraic operations that are based direct-encoding raster data. In this paper, the implementation of ldquointersectionrdquo operation based on this data structure is introduced; besides, all kinds of algebraic operations on the run-lengthpsilas attributes are realized in the process of implementation. The approach of this algorithm is firstly using a linked-list to store the run-length set of every raster row, then, for every to-be-operated run-length unit, executing the intersection operation on it with the run-length set of corresponding raster row, afterwards, inserting or deleting run-length unit while carrying out the algebraic operations on the attributes of run-length. This algorithm is fit for most raster operations, and has an advantage in data precision and computation efficiency compared with the direct-encoding raster data.


Background Trainees with inadequate sleep are more likely to report working in an impaired condition and making significant medical errors. Subspecialty medicine fellows at Mount Sinai and across the nation routinely take overnight pager call by phone and then work the following day. Fellows receive calls directly from patients, emergency room physicians, inpatient teams, and administrators (e.g. transfer office). Experts in trainee fatigue recommend decreasing or eliminating inessential overnight calls. This project aims to reduce the number of non-urgent overnight calls that awaken subspecialty fellows.


A total of 1,435 patients with cerebral infarction or hemorrhage received angiography during the eight years from 1978 through 1985, and 46 (3.2%) of them were demonstrated to have unruptured aneurysms; operation was performed on 27 with a transient morbidity of 22% (6 cases) and a mortality of 3.7% (one case). Excepting cases without preoperative motor weakness and those with vertebrobasilar insufficiency, 16 cases were entered in the present study in which six cases of deterioration and 10 stable cases were compared to find any factor contributory to the aggravation of symptoms. The deteriorated and stable groups differed distinctly in the interval between the end of the initial acute stage and the performance of surgery-12 days in the former and 33 days in the latter group. The rate of depression of the blood pressure during operation was 28% in the deteriorated group and 14% in the stable group. These cases seem to justify the performance of surgery more than one month after the clearing of initial acute symptoms. They also alert the surgeon to the danger of intraoperative blood pressure depression.


The utility model relates to an anti-misoperation interlocking device for switch boxes. The utility model is composed of a frame, a driving plate, a sliding plate, a tongue plate, a lock hook, a door ring, a lock hook ring, a box door, a marking plate, a handle, a locking spanner, a gripper block, etc., wherein, the lock hook, the door ring and the lock hook ring are arranged on the box door, the frame is arranged on a switch with a plastic casing fixed on a bottom box, and the driving plate, the sliding plate, the tongue plate, etc., are arranged on the frame. The mechanisms are cooperated with each other; so if the switch with a plastic casing is used when the power is switched on, the box door and the switch with a plastic casing form a mechanical interlock; thereby, the switch box can not be opened, and the box door can be opened only when the power is switched off. The utility model has the advantages of reasonable structure, high safety and reliable anti-misoperation function.


Cottage cheese is produced from reconstituted skimmed milk powder. Fermentation of used skim milk samples with approximately 11.16% total solids is performed at 22 "aC with 0,5% mesophilic starter culture, Ą§OĄ¨ type (DVS, Chr. HansenĄŚs Lab), without rennet addition. Dry Cottage cheese samples contained an average 21,32% total solids; 17.85% proteins; 0.75% ash; and 90.33 mg Ca / 100g. As a control sample the fresh skim milk is used. The dressings for salted and sweet Creamed Cottage cheese preparation are made from sour cream (12% fat) with salt (3%) and sucrose (25%) addition, respectively. Both kind of dressings are inoculated with probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus casei subsp. rhamnosus GG (Lactobacillus GG). The cheese grains and dressings with and without Lactobacillus GG bacteria, are mixed at 1:1 ratio. Addition of high level of Lactobacillus GG cells to salted or sweet Creamed Cottage cheese samples had no adverse effect on sensory criteria. During 14 days of storage at +8 "aC, the sensory properties of all Creamed Cottage cheese samples are not changed significantly. The viable count of Lactobacillus GG (CFU/g) is approximately doubled in both types of Creamed Cottage cheese.


We consider a setting where strategic behavior of r&d firms can lead to different types of a technology lock-in, permanent or temporary, in an eventually inferior technology. The simple setting with one incumbent and one potential entrant may lead to a wide variety of possible strategic regimes. We study conditions on relative market strength of the incumbent and the entrant which lead to different strategic actions and demonstrate, that such a strategic behavior is not always socially suboptimal, since it may lead to faster development of the existing technology due to persistent threat of the potential entrant. We further elaborate on the selection of support tools which may induce the development of new technology in the second-best world and establish criteria for these tools to be social welfare improving ones.


BACKGROUND Heart and kidney dysfunction frequently coexist in patients with acute heart failure due to the overlap between these two organ systems


Objective To evaluate the method and experience of three-field radical resection of esophagus carcinome with opening the right chest for middle and up segment esophagus.Methods 56 cases patients whose carcinoma lied in the middle and up segmend esophagus were operated through opening the right chest between the five and six rib,and the esophagus were cut sub-entirely and esophagus were replaced by stomach with neck anastomosis through esophagus bed.Results There were no dead patients in the perioperative period. There was 1 anastomosis fistula post- operation and resvered after cured. There were 2 recurrent laryngeal nerve injuried. And 3 patients whose anastomosis were narrow.There were no serious complication and the treatment was better. Concclusion The three-field radical resection of esophagus carcinoma with opening the right chest was a better,safe fitful method.


In Korea, upland irrigation generally depends on the groundwater or natural rainfall, since
irrigation water supplied from dams is mostly used for paddy rice irrigation, and only limited amount
of irrigation water is supplied to upland crops. However, water demand for upland irrigation has been
steadily increased with the change of upland cropping area. For the stable security of upland
irrigation water, storage level of irrigation dams was simulated by the periods. A year was divided
into 4 periods considering the irrigation characteristics. To solve these problems, present calculation
criteria for paddy rice irrigation was modified considering actual on-site situation. Modification was
based on various factors such as irrigation periods, water loss ratio in irrigation canal, and
evapotranspiration estimation method. Through the rational calculation of paddy irrigation water,
water utilization efficiency could be enhanced, and it makes available to secure extra available water
without new development of water resources. The studied results showed that relatively sufficient
extra available water could be secured for the main upland crop irrigation.


The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of promotion and product quality on purchasing decisions mediated by consumer satisfaction at PT. Maybank Indonesia Finance. The population is 1,097 people. The sampling technique used non-probability sampling with a sample of 100 respondents. Then processed using PLS-SEM. Promotion results have a significant effect on purchasing decisions, and product quality does not have a significant effect on purchasing decisions, for promotions has a significant effect on satisfaction, and for product quality does not have a significant effect on consumer satisfaction, for consumer satisfaction has a significant effect on purchasing decisions, and promotions have an effect significant effect on purchasing decisions that mediate consumer satisfaction, product quality does not have a significant effect on purchasing decisions that mediate consumer satisfaction.


The subjects were 10 cases of strokes of the right cerebral hemisphere, and 3 cases of TLE in which appeared hypergraphia. In strokes, the lesions revealed by CT scanning were located in the right thalamus or in the area supplied by the middle cerebral artery. All the cases of strokes were righthanded. In TLE, one case had a left-sided EEG focus, one case had a both-sided but predominantly right-sided focus and the other case had a left-sided focus. The two former cases were right-handed and the latter was left-handed.