The long, microwave-photonic variable delay of the impulse response of linear frequency-modulated (LFM) waveforms is proposed and demonstrated experimentally. The delay method is based on the application of a variable frequency offset to one side-band of an LFM-modulated optical carrier. Due to the time-frequency ambiguity properties of the LFM signal, the effect of the frequency offset on the impulse response is nearly equivalent to that of a group delay. Numerical simulations suggest negligible degradations in the resolution, peak-to-side-lobe ratio and integrated side-lobe ratio of the processed LFM waveform. Experiments demonstrate the delay of a 500-MHz-wide LFM signal by up to 250 ns. The method is applicable to LFM waveforms of arbitrary bandwidth and central radio-frequency. The long delays make the method attractive for optical beam-steering in large phased-array radars.


A projective silhouette based method was proposed to reconstruct the shape of little convex polyhedron.First,the vertical section projective silhouette images of little convex polyhedrons taken in every parallel rotary angle were processed,and the corresponding set of silhouette sequences and the set of cross section projective length curves were acquired.Next,the index of all the potential surface planes of measured object was gotten from the curves set,then these planes were filtered by comparing with every silhouette sequence,and the parameters of all real planes were obtained by computing.Finally,the shape of little convex polyhedron was reconstructed.Experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve the shape reconstruction of little convex polyhedron accurately.Compared with other methods,it has such advantages as condensed device and fast process speed,and fits for the engineering applications aiming at the little convex polyhedron workpieces.


Discussing the experience of observing Aquino's sculpture, MacDonald refers to notions of spacial distortion and the romantic tradition of landscape design. Biographical notes.


The idea of sectorial partnership has recently become widely discussed in relation to decision-making processes at the local level. However, its effectiveness, impact and utility in the development of territorial units are not explored enough. The general purpose of this paper is to describe the introductory results of a research project which aimed at investigating mechanisms of building sectorial partnerships in Local Action Groups (LAG). Multi-sectorial partnerships are a key element of the EU Program – LEADER, which supports bottom-up approach consisting of the selection of the best local development strategy and its implementation by the LAGs. LEADER was designed to improve the socio-economic situation in the rural areas, and incorporatesa territorial-based approach, multi-sectorial integration, shared decision making processed, and the creation of innovation and strategic plans. By the territorial-based approach I refer to such an approach which focuses on a specific, selected territory with horizontal integration of local activities and multi-sectorial development of the rural areas. It also contributes to a more effective use of endogenous resources such as natural, cultural, technological, and human which can bring economic value for the territorial units, but need to be mobilized and secured.


There are a huge number of books and articles written in the field of usability and about the art of giving the user the opportunity to find the information he is trying to reach while browsing the ...


With the increasing number of electric vehicles, deploying fixed charging stations (FCSs) has been a widely adopted solution for providing charging services to EVs. However, the charging requirement of EVs being near overload FCSs and/or in areas of inadequate charging infrastructures such as highways and rural areas will surpass the capabilities of FCSs. To address this challenge, the realized peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading between electric vehicles (EVs) and mobile charging stations (MCSs) can be utilized to relieve the overload on FCSs, leverage under-utilized energy resources among cities and achieve trading benefits. By deploying this energy trading model, EVs purchase available energy from MCSs instead of FCSs to fulfill their charging demands. However, such an energy trade requires an incentive mechanism to ensure fair trading and prevent personal gain, which motivates us to study the incentive mechanism design for the energy trading model. In this paper, first, we consider an energy trading system involving multiple MCSs and EVs. Then, we formulate the incentive mechanism between MCSs and EVs as an auction game, in which the MCSs are auctioneers and EVs are bidders. In the formulated problem, each EV secretly submits its bid to MCSs, and each MCS distributively decides the winners without the knowledge of other MCSs. To achieve this, we design a distributed action-based energy trading mechanism that ensures fairness of providing charging service, validity in trading price's resource determination, and nothing incentivizing the EVs to cheat on payment decisions. The proposed energy trading scheme achieves certain critical properties, including truthfulness, individual rationality, budget balance, and computational efficiency for both buyers and sellers. Finally, we perform simulation experiments to verify the proposed scheme's effectiveness compared with the baseline in the literature.


Luke Sharp and Liz Giuffre take a look at the updated version of one of the most infamous shows in Australian TV history.


Typhoid fever is a major public health problem in Asia Pacific region. It is endemic in Indian subcontinent. Conventional methods for its diagnosis are blood culture and Widal test. Typhidot is a new rapid serological test which is now commercially available and reliable in diagnosis of typhoid fever even with limited resources. The study included 100 patients of all age groups who presented with fever in the outpatient departments (OPD). Blood culture, widal test and typhidot test were performed in all the patients. Typhidot test is an immunodot ELISA which detects outer membrane protein specific for Salmonella typhi within an hour. It separately identifies IgM and IgG antibodies. Typhidot and widal tests results were then compared in clinically suspected cases of typhoid fever (62 Group-1) and non typhoidal fever (38 Group-2). Seven (11.29%) patients of Group-1 were blood culture positive, 45(72.58%) were widal test positive and 52 (83.8%) were positive in typhidot test. All patients of Group-2 were sterile on blood culture, 25 (65.78%) were widal positive, while 3 (7.89%) tested positive for Typhidot. The difference in the sensitivity of widal and typhidot test in both the groups (1 & 2) was found to be statistically significant (group-1: p value = 0.023; group-2: p value < 0.05). Typhidot test is a rapid, easy to perform and reliable test for the diagnosis and early institution of therapy in typhoid fever. It might be a practical alternative to widal test due to its higher sensitivity and specificity.


Hydraulic Air Compressor (HAC) is a device which converts hydraulic energy to energy of compressed air. A better exploitation of this hydraulic resource is currently investigated. The aim of the current work is to analyze a low head open type HAC in terms of compression ratio and HAC efficiency. The performance of HAC is both experimentally and theoretically investigated for various air admission system parameters (air tube length and diameter), downcomer length and hydraulic head. The results are both presented and discussed. Variation of the mean diameter of air bubbles in the downward flow in the downcomer is both determined and investigated. The losses in the whole system are classified, investigated and its impact on HAC is discussed.


Seeing that there are still many taxpayers who have not paid taxes until maturity, while this tax is one of the provincial taxes that contributes significantly to Regional Original Revenue. In addition, the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020-2021 has an impact on the survival of the community, causing a decrease in the ability to pay taxes and things that are not related to basic needs. One of the government's steps to reduce this impact is to implement economic policies and strategic steps in the field of public services, such as by launching the Motor Vehicle Tax Incentive Program.The purpose of this study was to determine the communication strategy of Bappenda UPTB - UPPDK Sumbawa Regency in increasing compliance with Motor Vehicle Tax payments during the 2020-2021 Covid-19 pandemic. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with primary and secondary data collection techniques through interview and documentation techniques. The period of this research starts from January 2022 to May 2022. The informants of this study were determined by purposive sampling technique. The data analysis technique used is the analysis of Miles and Huberman, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The validity of the data used is source triangulation. The results of this study indicate that the communication strategy carried out by Bappenda UPTB - UPPDK Sumbawa Regency is in accordance with Anwar Arifin's concept of communication strategy, namely knowing the audience, compiling messages, determining methods, and selecting media use.


This paper has put forward the principle of laser decoy element fight in coordination with other operational element.For between laser decoy element and other electro-optical countermeasures element,between laser decoy element and main battle equipment element this two kind condition of the most may produce cooperate relationship,this paper main studied on its command coordination relationship,and have given the specific method of coordination between laser decoy element and main battle equipment element.For developing the overall efficiency of electro-optical countermeasures and then raising the anti-precision strike ability and battlefield survival ability of the protected target,guarantee combat action coordination consistent go on,this paper has certain theoretical guiding significance.


Essential role for Ca 2 (cid:1) in regulation of IL-1 (cid:2) secretion by P2X 7 nucleotide receptor in monocytes, macrophages, and HEK-293 cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 285: C286–C299, 2003. 2003; 10.1152/ajpcell.00070.2003.—Interleukin (IL)-1 (cid:2) is a proinflammatory cytokine that elicits the majority of its biological activity extracellularly, but the lack of a secretory signal sequence prevents its export via classic secretory pathways. Efficient externalization of IL-1 (cid:2) in macrophages and monocytes can occur via stimulation of P2X 7 nucleotide receptors with extracellular ATP. However, the exact mechanisms by which the activation of these nonselective cation channels facilitates secretion of IL-1 (cid:2) remain unclear. Here we demonstrate a pivotal role for a sustained increase in cytosolic Ca 2 (cid:1) to potentiate secretion of IL-1 (cid:2) via the P2X 7 receptors. Using HEK-293 cells engineered to coexpress P2X 7 receptors with mature IL-1 (cid:2) (mIL-1 (cid:2) ), we show that activation of P2X 7 receptors results in a rapid secretion of mIL-1 (cid:2) by a process(es) that is dependent on influx of extracellular Ca 2 (cid:1) and a sustained rise in cytosolic Ca 2 (cid:1) . Moreover, reduction in extracellular Ca 2 (cid:1) attenuates (cid:3) 90% of P2X 7 re-ceptor-mediated IL-1 (cid:2) secretion but has no effect on enzy-matic processing of precursor IL-1 (cid:2) (proIL-1 (cid:2) ) to mIL-1 (cid:2) by caspase-1. Similar experiments with THP-1 human monocytes and Bac1.2F5 murine macrophages confirm the unique role of Ca 2 (cid:1) in P2X 7 receptor-mediated secretion of IL-1 (cid:2) . In addition, we report that cell surface expression of P2X 7 receptors in the absence of external stimulation also results in enhanced release of IL-1 (cid:2) and that this can be repressed by inhibitors of P2X 7 receptors. We clarify an essential role for Ca 2 (cid:1) in ATP-induced IL-1 (cid:2) secretion and indicate an additional role of P2X 7 receptors as enhancers of the secretory apparatus by which IL-1 (cid:2) is released.


In heteroskedastic regression models, the least squares (OLS) covariance matrix estimator is inconsistent and inference is not reliable. To deal with inconsistency one can estimate the regression coefficients by OLS, and then implement a heteroskedasticity consistent covariance matrix (HCCM) estimator. Unfortunately the HCCM estimator is biased. The bias is reduced by implementing a robust regression, and by using the robust residuals to compute the HCCM estimator (RHCCM). A Monte-Carlo study analyzes the behavior of RHCCM and of other HCCM estimators, in the presence of systematic and random heteroskedasticity, and of outliers in the explanatory variables.


Ann Thorac Surg 2003;75:790-795 Anders Albage, Goran Kenneback, Jan van der Linden and Hans Berglund rhythm by the Maze procedure Improved neurohormonal markers of ventricular function after restoring sinushttp://ats.ctsnetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/75/3/790 located on the World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and services, is


Increasing HIV transmission among drug users has often been the prelude to a wider epidemic in the community, but not in Australia, where successful preventive strategies have been applied. The weak link in these efforts has been in the prisons, which may become epidemic hotspots.


ABSTRACT The objective of this experiment was to select D. hansenii isolates that are stable in dry fermented sausage (DFS) production and can positively affect the quality. D. hansenii isolates were examined for production of biogenic amines, β-glucuronidase, β-glucosidase, proteolytic, and lipolytic enzymatic activities. The acid and salt tolerance of D. hansenii isolates were also examined. DFS inoculated with selected D. hansenii isolates were analyzed for microorganisms, weight loss, Aw, and pH. DFS was also subjected to analyses of color, texture profile, reducing sugar, volatile basic nitrogen (VBN), lipid oxidation, and free fatty acid. Twenty-two D. hansenii isolates were isolated. None of these D. hansenii isolates produced biogenic amines, and all strains were negative for β-glucuronidase and β-glucosidase activities. After examining these strains for proteolysis, lipolysis, and salt and acid tolerance, D. hansenii isolates SMFM2021-C14, SMFM2021-S8, and SMFM2021-SL3 were selected to be used in DFS. During the processing of DFS, the groups treated with D. hansenii isolate SMFM2021-S8 or SMFM2021-SL3 showed lower (p < .05) hardness values of DFS. The sample treated with D. hansenii SMFM2021-S8 showed lower (p < .05) VBN and lipid oxidation contents than the others. The ratio of ω-6/ω-3 was lower (p < .05) in D. hansenii SMFM2021-SL3 treated group than in the other treatments. These results indicate that D. hansenii isolates SMFM2021-S8 and SMFM2021-SL3 might be useful in producing DFS to improve its quality.


Feature selection in Fingerprint-based localization systems is of great importance, because of its capability to reduce the overhead in handling high- dimensional data while ensuring positioning accuracy. Several methods for such a task have been proposed, but they either do not consider the correlation between features, or propose an inefficient method to deal with the correlation. The study in this paper proposes a novel feature selection scheme based on the Sparse multi-class SVM (MSVM) technique which can address the feature selection problem via efficiently handling the correlation among them. The scheme first rules out several "unimportant" features via a simple criterion for scalability, and then selects a portion of the remaining features by controlling the sparsity of the optimization results of the Sparse MSVM. The method is applied to a realistic GSM-based fingerprinting localization system and the experimental results show that it outperforms several previous ones via reducing the mean localization error by about 20%.


The use of any ionophoretic polyether antibiotic in industrial alcoholic fermentation media is described. 0.5-1.5 p.p.m. of such antibiotics prevent bacterial growth and enhance the productivity of alcoholic fermentation using yeast.


In recent years, a big issue in plans for developing regional and rural Australia has been increasing efforts to develop an irrigated 'food bowl' in northern Queensland's Gulf Country, the vast expanse of wilderness and cattle country that lies to the north of Mount Isa and Hughenden and borders the Gulf of Carpentaria. In a major step, the Queensland Government announced in July 2012 that it would make available, through tender, unallocated water entitlements in two major catchments flowing into the Gulf.


This paper presents a detailed experimental procedure for determining the dynamic initiation fracture toughness of Composite Modified Double-Base (CMDB) propellant under dynamic loading. The Cracked Straight Through Flatten Brazilian Disc (CSTFBD) specimens were conducted using the split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)system under high loading rates. Experimental setup, data acquisition and interpretation were described in details. The strain gauge was adopted to monitor the time-to-fracture accurately. We interpreted the detailed procedure of getting the time-to-fracture, as well as confirmed all the propellant specimens were in a state of dynamic force equilibrium. Experimental results show that the CMDB fracture initiation toughness depended on loading rate. The pattern of destroyed sample indicated the solid propellant material was evident brittle fracture under dynamic loads.


This paper introduces a kind of optimization method for ESRI ArcEngine toolbar control in Visual c # development environment,solve the original control Visual effect and interaction of the poor.It first gives the method to realize the basic principle,then give design model diagram and key code,at last,an example shows optimized application effect of toolbar control.


Dr. C. B. Sledge: A 49-year-old physician was brought to an outlying hospital by police 10 min after he was involved in an automobile accident. Initial examination revealed a semiconscious patient whose blood pressure was 132/80 mm Hg. His pulse rate was 100 beats per min, and his respiration rate was 22 per min. There was no evidence of gross external bleeding, respiratory obstruction, or localizing neurological signs. The patient's left thigh was deformed with an obvious fracture. The proximal left femoral shaft was visible, having pierced the skin, trousers, and overcoat. There was a closed fracture of the right femur and a deformity of the right knee. The right foot was contused and swollen with deformity of the medial four metatarsophalangeal joints. The right anterior chest was bruised and there was palpable crepitus in the region of the second to sixth ribs. Paradoxical motion was noted, but there was


The article is devoted to the research and analysis of the problem of teaching English to foreign students of the neighboring countries in the Russian university and determining the main approaches to solving this problem. The article emphasizes that the primary difficulty which foreign students encounter in the process of studying is the low level of linguistic competence, which significantly complicates both everyday communication and the development of academic disciplines, and the acquisition of professional knowledge. The article presents and analyzes the data of the empirical research conducted by the author on the basis of two universities – KemSU and KemSMU. The results of the study showed a low level of foreign students' knowledge of English, which makes it difficult to master competencies that allow students to use English in their future professional and scientific activities. In addition, the insufficient level of the Russian language proficiency prevents successful communication in the educational process, significantly impedes the grasping the necessary educational material and the control over the assimilation of its content by the teacher. The article concludes that it is possible to use ICT as a subject of pedagogical interaction, and necessary to develop a professionally-oriented Student's book and an introduction course to professional vocabulary. This will improve the quality of acquired knowledge and skills that are necessary for productive interaction with representatives of various cultures in future professional and scientific activities.


CASE REPORT The mother, a primipara, was confined by a midwife about 60 miles from Winnipeg on the morning of December 26, 1941. The child, a female, was conveyed to the St. Boniface Hospital by Captain Harvey Cohen, R.C.A.M.C., 7 hours later. The baby appeared perfectly healthy in every respect, but presented, at the umbilicus, a mass about the size of a grape-fruit with about 8 inches of cord attached at the apex. The base of the hernia was about 2 inches in diaineter. The skin stopped short about 1/4 to 1/2 inch above the base, and from there on was continuous with the hernial sac which was so thin and transparent that one could easily see the liver, small and large bowel through it. In fact, it gave one the impression of a cellophane-wrapped basket of fruit. Near the attachment of the cord, the sac was beginning to assume a greyish-black necrotic appearance, and for this reason, an operation was immediately advocated. The skin at the base of the sac was infiltrated with 1% novocaine, and along witlh very light ether anwsthesia, an incision was made close to the skin edge in order to preserve as much skin as possible. The peritoneal cavity was entered here and with a finger in the abdominal cavity as a guide, the sac was trimmed downwards and to the left. At the lower border, care was taken not to overlook a persistenit urachus or a patent hypogastric artery. At the upper bor.der of the sac, large umbilical veins required careful ligation. At the apex of the sac, there was, fortuniately, no persistent vitelline artery or Meckel 's diverticulum, which, if present, complicate the operation considerably. A difficult part in the surgical procedure was the separation of the sac, wlhich was very adlherent to the anterior surface of the liver. This resulted in considerable oozing. On referring to the literature, I subsequently learned that in difficult cases, it is not essential to dissect off the sac; it is enouglh merely to trim it along the edge of the liver and drop it into the abdlomen, althouglh this does not appear to be surgically sound. The edge of the sac having been completely trimmed arouind, it remained now to replace the intestines within the abdomen. This is the most difficult part of the operation. Some authors advocate completing the rotation of the intestines as they are being replaced. I experienced so much difficulty doinig so, that I felt I was fortunate in getting the intestines back into the abdomen in any fashion, leaving to luck and nature to complete the rotation. The fact that in this case, rotation as seen in a barium series 3 years later (Fig. 6) was completed, except for the duodenum, justified the procedure. By jack-knifing the baby's body, the peritoneum and fascia were sutured with continuous chromic sutures, along with through-and-througlh silkworm gut sutures. The left rectus muscle was incompletely developed and formed a bulge in that area at the completion of the operation. The ehild made an uneventful recovery and was discharged in 26 days.


Recently, a novel machine-learning-based coding digital receiving array (ML-CDRA) has been proposed: the received array signals are encoded into few radio frequency (RF) channels, and decoded by an artificial neural network in real-time. However, compared to the traditional full-channel digital receiving array (DRA), the maximum signal noise ratio (SNR) after digital beam-forming (DBF) is reduced in different directions. This paper proposes an encoding network optimization algorithm for ML-CDRA based on gradient descent to improve the maximum SNR after DBF in the desired directions. The phase quantization of the encoding network is also introduced in the proposed algorithm. Simulation results show that the ML-CDRA with the optimized encoding network can significantly improve the maximum SNR after DBF in the desired directions.


A great majority of insects provide unique and irreplaceable ecosystem services, including pollination, recycling, and nutrient provisioning. Striking declines in diversity and abundance, in some cases upwards of 75% in less than 30 years, have been documented in insect communities. Because loss and degradation of habitats and other contributing factors usually cross political boundaries, international cooperation is essential to mitigate or reverse such declines.  Human activities clearly are the major causes of declines in the abundance and diversity of animals, including insects [1]. Insects occupy virtually all terrestrial habitats. Their spectacular diversity reflects their small size and short life cycles, which allow them to partition habitats and resources and adopt specialized lifestyles. Their specialization, however, makes insects vulnerable to changing environmental conditions. Hence, it is important to assess and ideally to predict where and how anthropic pressure affects insects, in order to support policy measures for their conservation and sustainable ecosystem services.  Joining with others [2] who have argued for specific measures to protect insect biodiversity, our academies urge implementation and public support of actions outlined at the end of this statement.


Durometry is a hardness measurement for materials such as rubber and plastic. The deformation caused by indentation into a solid is governed by linear elastic mechanics, and this article relates the Young's modulus to standardized hardness scales. We adimensionalized these indentation mechanics, and uncovered a normalized Young's modulus, ϒ, and the dimensionless hardness, . We then discovered a new dimensionless indentor stiffness which we call mechanical indentability, Mi, which can be used for classifying hardness scales. Our analysis allows practitioners to determine the Young's modulus from measured hardness. Further, our results allow conversion between different hardness scales.


The authors report on the growth and characterization of high quality InN nanowires on Si(111) by radio frequency plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. InN nanowires with nontapered morphology were achieved with the use of an in situ deposited In seeding layer. They further examined the effects of the growth temperature, In/N flux ratio, as well as the thickness of the In seeding layer on the morphological, structural, and optical properties of InN nanowires grown directly on Si(111). It was observed that nontapered InN nanowires exhibit significantly improved optical quality compared to the conventionally grown InN nanowires.


Considering the GPS receiver works in high dynamic circumstance,a new technique of carrier tracking,which combining FLL with PLL,is presented in this paper.The pseudo noise code tracking theory through digital delay-locked loop and carrier assistant technology is discussed.Finally,the tracking technique is simulated under Matlab environment and implemented on GPS hardware receiver which is designed based on FPGA and DSP.The results of simulation and hardware testing confirm that the technique is right.


Pay for performance (P4P) has become the cornerstone of how the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) financially incentivizes high-quality care. All gastroenterologists should know that they will be required to successfully report certain quality measures or be penalized with a reimbursement cut of −2% from Medicare.

In the current review, researchers examined the CMS P4P program in the context of hepatitis …


GM(1,1) model is the most popular grey dynamic predictive model in the grey system theory,which is made up of first order differential equation about one variable.It is used to fit and predict the characteristic function of one main factor in the complex system.So the transformation law and the develop trend of the main factor can be shown.Make use of its our support on being able to carry out the fitting and the forecast on propagation of Yunnan Province AIDS virus infection person trend studying,building build thereby for the government to defend against to charge AIDS system for giving a technology.


The scholars in the Tang Dynasty commonly greed that at the beginning of constructing the town of Daxing Emperor of Wen in the Sui Dynasty associated the six loess ridges through the town to the Six-Yao Arrangement of the Heaven Trigrams.So he lined up the ridges in the order of 9,92,94,95 and upper 9 and arranged varieties of buildings by meanings of the messages of divinatory symbols to indicate their functional division.An investigation of the current characteristics of this idea shows that in the early days of construction Yuwen Kai reasonably utilized the landscape of the town with reference to the Six-Yao terrain to present a well-made patchwork view of the town,which embodied a cultural connotation in the urban arrangement and actualized the idea of agreement between heaven and man.


ABSTRACT The pamphlet debate concerning the perceived effects of parliamentary enclosure on property and population in eighteenth-century Britain has been largely neglected by intellectual historians. One consequence of this debate was to undermine the credibility of the classical republican economic vision of agrarian simplicity, due to its proponents' failure to come to terms with the enormous disjunction between ancient and modern economies. Although the enclosure of agricultural land had provoked hostility since at least the fifteenth century, after 1700 its opponents developed new arguments to take account of the legislature's increasingly prominent role in facilitating the process. In doing so, anti-enclosure writers drew on classical republican ideas, arguing that enclosure was contrary to the public interest because it eroded the independence of the yeomanry, valorized by numerous republican authorities as integral to the country's military strength. In their criticisms of modern policy, these writers praised the agrarian laws of the Roman republic, as well as the Tudor tillage acts. The agricultural 'improvers', on the other hand, denied the validity of these precedents on the grounds that the historical contingencies which had produced the Roman agrarian laws, or the Tudor tillage acts, were of limited relevance in a society based on the interdependence of agriculture, manufactures, and commerce.


The Civil War and Reconstruction era remains a center of historical controversy. Perhaps the best indication of the generally unsettled nature of the field lies in the continuing absence of a satisfactory general synthesis. Not since the 1930s when James G. Randall first published his magisterial Civil War and Reconstruction have students of this period agreed widely about its significance in the broad sweep of American history. Part of the difficulty in assessing the meaning of Reconstruction comes from the fact that the termination of political Reconstruction in 1877 did not itself mark a definitive moment in the unfolding of more basic changes. For by transforming all aspects of American life, the post-Civil War years produced such profound alterations that Allan Nevins cogently describes the period 1865-1878 as The Emergence of Modem America.1 Not only urbanization and industrialization but also a host of other changes such as European and Asian immigration, emancipation, and westward migration sparked an epochal social and economic revolution. It was this revolution and its attendant dislocations that formed the chaotic social context for the more familiar political events of Reconstruction. In fact, the conflicts relating to agrarian, labor, and racial unrest so prominent during Reconstruction assumed even greater significance in the period after 1877.2 Political Reconstruction thus presents the historian with a familiar problem: the necessity of imposing periodization upon an evolving social process, a process that overlaps both ends of the period in question. The dilemmas of periodization render it all the more essential that students of Reconstruction


Objective To use a meta-analysis method to establish quantitatively the association between the HER-2/neu gene amplification/enhanced protein expression status and the 5-year post-operative survival rate or median survival time in women with epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Methods We searched and screened Chinese and English literature published since 1989 to collect all retrospective cohort studies on the prognostic significance of HER-2/neu status in this population. The survival data were analyzed using Ludwig's centered signed rank and the DerSimonian-Laird method. Results In total, 25 studies involving 3 251 patients were included. HER-2/neu was positive in 27.1% (95%CI 0 to 54.8%) of patients, which was not related to the pathological stage, type or grade of epithelial ovarian carcinoma. In HER-2/neu positive cases,the median survival time was shortened by 0.65 years, and the 5-year survival rate was lowered. The hazard ratio (HR) for mortality was 1.22 (95%C 1.09 to 1.36). By subgroup analysis, HER-2/neu protein expression was found to be most significant in prognostic assessment. Patients with a strong positive value of HER-2/neu had an increased HR for the 5-year survival; and platinum-based chemotherapy was demonstrated to be less effective in HER-2/neu positive ovarian carcinoma. Conclusion In gynecological oncology, it is reasonable to measure HER-2/neu as a routine pathological marker to predict a patient's prognosis and to determine the most appropriate adjuvant chemotherapy regimen.


The susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of Zircaloy-2 in CH3OH solutions containing HCl at room temperature was examined fractographically.The weight loss due to intergranular corrosion during stress-free exposure reached the maximum value at a concentration of 0.4% HCl. There occurred a great deal of detrioration of mechanical properties after the exposure. The susceptibility to SCC under a constant load also increased in CH3OH/0.4% HCl solution. The fracture mode was changed from an intergranular into a cleavage-like fracture, and finally into a ductile fracture. A similar tendency was revealed by SCC tests under slow strain rates: At a lower crosshead speed of 1.67×10-1μm/s, all three modes of the intergranular, the cleavage-like, and the ductile fracture were observed.From the evidence mentioned above, a possible cracking mechanism was discussed.


: With the accelerated development of urbanization in recent years, the villages around the city have become a multitude of urban villages because of the expansion of the urban area. As the product during the process of urbanization, urban villages are experiencing dramatic changes, as a result, the language use of urban village is becoming much more complicated as well. The local residents and outsiders who live in the same urban village interact frequently and share the common public facilities. Taking the urban villages in Zhengzhou city as the research focus, this study tries to make a sociolinguistics investigation on the language use of Daxie New Village from the macro-and micro-viewpoint, which can help us better comprehend the language situation in urban villages and forecast the development of its dialect.


INERPRETATION of foreign policy demands that a distinction be made between the role and record. A complete picture of the American part in the affairs of East Asia requires an analysis of the aims and techniques of American policy, looked at with the United States as the point of reference, and the impact of this upon the development of the Far Eastern countries, with these countries themselves as the point of reference. The attempt is made here to examine the role of the United States in the Pacific from this approach and to raise, if not to answer, some basic questions. One of the most important of these questions is that of distinguishing ends from means in American policy; for the changing internal scene in the United States is necessarily connected with changing policies abroad. The Golden Age between two wars, when international affairs were often considered to be something which happened between foreigners, something slightly immoral, has passed; American opinion is now directed very realistically to the problems of world affairs, not in terms of ideals of collective security or pacifism but of the interests of America itself. The events of the last few years have brought to a head one of the most important questions of all-the nature of American society and the ends with which it is concerned. Public discussion of Far Eastern problems has dealt very fully with both ends and techniques in terms of unagreed or even of unstated ends. There are few now who would present the United States as innocent bystander in power-politics, a counterpart of Ferdinand the Bull; the thesis that the United States has imperial interests is not generally challenged. Some oppose this imperialism as a unilateral aberration, some are frankly in favor of it, others wish to change it into another type of expansion. There are those who look upon imperialism as the nastiest part of a nasty society,


The continual depletion of valuable earth resources due to structural developments have been of much concern in the quest for sustainability, thus, the importance of soil compaction cannot be overemphasized. The world population is increasing every day and there is constant need of more infrastructures such as roads, runways, dams, buildings, jetties, railways etc. All these structures are built on soils which sometimes do not have adequate bearing capacity to resist the loads coming on them. In Nigeria, the common soils used for construction work which are laterite are sometimes found unsuitable in its natural state for intended use. Thus, there is the need for soil improvement of which compaction is among the commonest and the cheapest. Laterites are described as highly weathered and altered residual soils formed by insitu weathering and decomposition of parent rocks under tropical and subtropical climatic conditions (Aginam et al., 2014). The increasing use of this soil is linked to its availability, cheapness and amenability to compaction. Compaction of lateritic soils like other soils, increases the bearing capacity of the soils. It also decreases the amount of undesirable settlement of structures constructed over such soils and increases the stability of slopes of embankments (Ratnam & Prasad, 2019). The strength of foundations largely depend on compaction control which is based on finding the maximum dry unit weight (MDUW) corresponding to an optimum moisture content (OMC) at a given compaction energy. Laboratory compaction is usually done in Nigeria with British Standard Light (BSL) (equivalent of standard Proctor method), West African Standard (WAS), and British Standard Heavy (BSH) (equivalent of modified Proctor method). These methods are laborious, time-consuming and material-consuming (Jayan & Sankar, 2015). The shortcomings outlined above together with proof by some earlier authors Ring et al. (1962), Ramiah et al. (1970), Benson et al. (1998) and most recently Anjita et al. (2017) that soil type, its grain size distribution, index properties, and specific gravity influence the MDUW and OMC of soils led researchers to develop empirical relationships between MDUW/OMC and index properties of soils. Such index properties as liquid limit (LL), plastic limit (PL), plasticity index (PI), fines content (FC), sand content (SdC) etc. have previously been used. Abstract Laboratory compaction of soils is an important aspect in the selection of materials for earthwork construction. Owing to time constraints and concern for depleting resources, it becomes imperative that empirical relationships would be developed to predict compaction parameters, maximum dry unit weight (MDUW) and optimum moisture content (OMC) from easily measured index properties. The aim of this note is to develop empirical relationships between MDUW /OMC and logarithm of compaction energy (E)/fines content: sand content ratio (FC/SdC) for some lateritic soils. Index property tests were carried out on twenty (20) lateritic soils to classify them and obtain the FC/SdC. The soils were compacted at three compaction energies; British Standard Light (BSL), West African Standard (WAS) and British Standard Heavy (BSH). Two models were developed from relationships based on slopes and intercepts derived from MDUW/OMC versus log E plots; one model employs 'FC/SdC' and one compactive effort (BSL) while the other model employs only 'FC/SdC'. The models were validated for robustness with soils used in the development of the models and six (6) other soils not used to develop the models. For the prediction of BSH, the model employing FC/SdC and one compactive effort showed typical errors of ±0.63 kN/m3 and ±0.76% for MDUW and OMC respectively. The model employing only FC/SdC showed typical errors of ±0.4 kN/m3 and ±0.83% for MDUW and OMC respectively. The typical errors are within allowed variations for projects and standards for MDUW and OMC, thus the models are quite robust.


A prefabricated aluminium house erected at Nyanga Location was inspected today by officials of the Cape Divisional Council. This picture shows Mr H.M. Pansegrouw, superintendent of Nyanga, and Mr R.S. MacDonald looking at the back of it.


This is our last issue as Editor of Optical Engineering. We end our brief term with a sense of satisfaction at having introduced several mechanical changes in the Journal which we think improve it, but we are saddened by the fact that SPIE and the Optical Society of America have not yet agreed to merge.


Since the initial description of trisomy 17–18 as a clinical syndrome (1), a large number of reports have delineated a variety of its clinical and roentgen features (2–4). The combination of characteristic findings often permits diagnosis prior to chromosomal confirmation. We have recently observed three cases of trisomy 18 with unusual manifestations that warrant inclusion in the expanding clinical spectrum of this syndrome. These changes were esophageal atresia, malformations of the radius, and congenital thrombocytopenia. Radial anomalies were present in all three infants, esophageal atresia and thrombocytopenia in two. One child died within thirty hours after birth, and a chromosomal karyotype was not obtained. The clinical, roentgenological, and pathological findings, however, were characteristic of trisomy 18. Karyotype confirmation of trisomy 18 was obtained in the other two infants. CASE I: A 1600 g female was delivered by a 30-year-old mother following a forty-week gestation. Labor was induced be...


The thermal decomposition of cellulose treated with tetrakis(hydroxymethyl) phosph- onium chloride (THPC), urea and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) and its metal complexes was studies by TG, DTA and CONE. The activation energies for the second stage of thermal degradation have been obtained by following the Broido equation. Experimental data show that for the complexes of cell-THPC-urea-ADP with metal ions, the activation energies and thermal decomposition temperatures are higher than those of cell-THPC-urea-ADP, which shows these metal ions can increase the thermal stability of cell-THPC-urea-ADP. Moreover, Ni(Ⅱ), and Zn(Ⅱ) can more increase thermal stability of samples than Co(Ⅱ). The CONE data indicate that the transition metals have smoke suspension on cell-THPC-urea-ADP. Moreover, Co(Ⅱ) has more effect than Ni(Ⅱ), and Zn(Ⅱ) in the smoke suspension.


A question is considered about individual approach on employments on physical education. More than 40 literary sources were analysed. The basic going is certain near individualization of physical education of students. It is rotined that an individual hike is based on the selection of sporting specialization for every student. He supposes determination of leading physical qualities, psychophysiological possibilities and functional state of every student. It is marked that an individual hike implies development of method of individual psychomotor development. A method is based on a help a student in the choice of sporting specialization and individualization of process of physical education in every concrete type of sport. The necessity of developments of new methods of determination of level of development of individual capabilities of student, answering modern innovative and informatively-technological to approaches is exposed.


The national incident commander for the Gulf oil spill discusses what it's like to lead when an anxious nation is watching in real time—and counting on success. An interview with Admiral Thad Allen by Scott Berinato.


David Adam's book, The Man Who Couldn't Stop, combines history and science with his personal story of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), addressing recent shifts in cultural sensibilities toward OCD. These shifts are characterized by transformations of stigma, or negative views of mental illness as dangerous and "other," to increasingly encompass attitudes of acceptance, tolerance, and self-identification. We argue that Adam responds to the complex exigencies created by these new modes of stigma by playing with readers' sense of proximity to OCD. Specifically, Adam manages proximity through two distinct chronotopes, or arrangements of time and space, an "OCD chronotope" and a "bird's eye" chronotope. This play with proximity ultimately produces effects of disorientation and estrangement, leaving readers to work through their own relationships to OCD and the experiences of others.


Objective: to semantically validate the "ROBOVID" mobile application with the tar get population. Method: methodological study, presenting the seventh stage of the matrix project, developed between October 2021 and January 2022, with 21 adults residing in the state of Rio de Janeiro, using a semi-structured electronic form. The Concordance Index was used in the data analysis, being considered a validated item that presented a value equal to or greater than 80%. Results: the ROBOVID mobile application was validated, reaching satisfactory individual agreement rates ranging from 95% to 100% and global 98.8%. Conclusion: the mobile application "ROBOVID" was semantically validated in terms of content and appearance by the target population, indicating that this educational technology is understandable, relevant and pertinent, and can be used by the population as a tool for the prevention and control of serious sequelae resulting from covid-19


The covalent structure of the major product of the interstrand cross-linking reaction of mechlorethamine [bis(2-chloroethyl)methylamine, nitrogen mustard] with duplex DNA was determined using synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotide duplexes. Analysis of the mobility of cross-linked products by denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (DPAGE) revealed the reaction to provide intrahelical, interstrand cross-links. These cross-links were cleaved on exposure to aqueous piperidine at deoxyguanosine residues, suggesting N 7 of deoxyguanosine residues as the site of alkylation on DNA


Ion-neutral charge exchange reactions occurring in planetary magnetospheres produce a copious supply of fast neutrals in the form of high-speed magnetospheric neutral winds. Theoretical models of such processes and their subsequent effects on the solar wind are investigated. Source strengths for emission from earth's ring current (10 to the 25th - 10 to the 26th/s), Jupiter's Io plasma torus (1-2 x 10 to the 28th/s), and both the Dione-Tethys torus and the Titan hydrogen torus (10 to the 26th - 10 to the 27th/s) of Saturn are evaluated. The effects of an extensive atomic nitrogen cloud surrounding the orbit of Titan are also considered in connection with the Saturnian aurora. Reionization and pickup of sulfur atoms in the circumplanetary region of Jupiter lead to a small mass-loading effect on the solar wind velocity (less than 10 percent); however, the heat input is substantial, resulting in a large increase in the effective ion temperature (not less than 100 percent). The pickup ion model is also applied to the generation of electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves in the local neighborhood of the central body. The model suggests the preferential excitation of left-hand-polarized waves in regions where the solar wind-magnetic field angle is largemore » (outer sheath) and right-hand waves in regions where the angle is small (near-tail). 19 references.« less


Objective:To investigate the curative effect of artificial liver support system on the patients with severe drug-induced liver injury(DILI).Methods:A total of 43 inpatients from Jan.2003 to Jan.2008 were included and divided into artificial liver group and control group.The liver functions before and after treatment,mean hospitalized time and mortality were compared between the two groups.Results:There were significant differences before and after treatment in both groups in ALT,TBil,and PTA(P﹤0.05 or P﹤0.01).The TBil level decreased and PTA level increased significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group(P﹤0.05).The mean hospital stay was 47.5 d and 34.7 d respectively,and the mortality was 24.1% and 57.1% respectively(P﹤0.05).Conclusion:Artificial liver support system significantly improve liver function and decrease mortality of the patients with severe DILI.


The paralyzed U.S. economy, and the tidal wave of layoffs, pushed the unemployment rate to the highest level since record-keeping began in 1948.


The article presents the problem of the function of historical science, its place and significance in the life of society. The author argues that the dominant historical paradigm is an effective mechanism of communication processes that occur at all stages of social development of the state. The continuity of historical knowledge provides inter-age communication in society, mutual understanding between representatives of different generations — carriers of material and spiritual achievements of different historical eras. The author analyzes the causes of the destruction of spiritual unity of generations, and notes the danger of this process for the public health of Ukraine. The article presents the author's classification of the destructive use of historical knowledge for influencing public consciousness. The distortion and transformation of the latter, according to the author, gives rise to a new mentality, which means that it radically changes the formats and characteristics of Ukrainianness as an ethnic and political nation. The algorithm of using history as a destructive factor in communication systems, according to the author, consists of several stages, namely: pseudoscientific promotion of national history; imposing false stereotypes and mythology on society; narrowing of the scientific segment of Ukrainian history in society, encapsulation and schooling of Ukrainian historical science; the use of negativization as a front-line method for studying the Soviet period of Ukrainian history; total distortion of the historical outlook of society; general trauma to the public consciousness; mental transformation of modern Ukrainian society. The author emphasizes that the mechanism of destructive application of history has become a perfect fact of the spiritual life of modern Ukraine.


Surface deformation of mining area caused by mining subsidence can be divided into three stages: the initial stage, the active stage and the decline stage. At the active stage, D-InSAR technology could be easily affected by the incoherence of large-gradient deformation, thus leading to the failure of conventional D-InSAR technology in monitoring mining subsidence.In order to solve the problem, this paper developed a 3D surface deformation prediction method of mining subsidence by integrating dynamic Boltzmann prediction model with D-InSAR. It was firstly to monitor the surface movement and deformation by D-InSAR technology during the decline stage and obtain the surface LOS deformation field data. Then, on the basis of Boltzmann model, the geometric equation between LOS deformation by D-InSAR monitored and 3D deformation was established. Next, the geometric equation was solved based on the GA theory, and the parameters of Boltzmann prior model were obtained. On the basis, the 3D deformation of mining area were obtained, proving that D-InSAR technology was effective to get 3D deformation of mining subsidence. Through simulation experiments, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified. The surface deformation of 1613 working face in Guqiaonan coal mine was monitored by D-InSAR during the decline stage, and the LOS deformation values were obtained. The 3D deformation was obtained from the initial stage to the decline stage by using the method of DB-InSAR. The monitoring results showed that the fitting errors in the LOS deformation were mostly within 3 mm, the RMSES was ±2.37 mm, shown that the fitting accuracy was high. The RMSE of subsidence were ±120 mm. The results showed that the method of DB-InSAR has engineering application values.


This paper presents a reformulation of the five-dimensional Kaluza-Klein theory. taking into consideration the fact that these five dimensions of space-time are present on the tangent bundle of the Principal Bundle (B). Tb1s reformulation is possible due to the group U(l) of the fiber which endows B with the structure of a differential manifold. this allowing the reproduction of parallel transport notions on such a manifold. Through this we achieve a criterion to add extra dimensions to the theory. Once this criterion has been established. a metric is constructed on the tangent bundle of B. which is formed by a metric of space-time plus a connection, the a one-form defined in the fiber of B whose curvature 1s proportional to the electromagnetic field. This. the five-dimensional Einstein action is the sum of the four-dimensional Einstein action and the four-dimensional Maxwell action. This formulation yields the Einstein and Maxwell equations, as well as the Yang-Mills equations.


The main theme in this present work is the relation between law and writing. This way, we emphasize as basic texts La Maladie de la mort, by Duras and Television, by Lacan. So, we took the lacanian expression "from what stands of pure loss to what bets the worst from the father" as basis to make us think about the "dura lex" of dissolution also called "pure loss" or even "touch of real". Duras writes about the absence, the tragic experience of the abandonment; the place of the erotic as a gap, intermission; the party of the tongue and the "game of the warming hand", in other words, she writes about "happy babel". This net built as a result of the confusions and the interlaces of languages was named by Barthes as the text of pleasure and the pleasure of text, that is to say, writing as pure fruition. This one was named by Brandao as mirror-narrative and it is here analyzed and understood as a metaphor of the reflex, reflux and cutting related to the symbolical, imaginary and to the concept of real. This way, the literary is seen as a territory of mirage and of the "secret language" of sex and castration as also the "invertion in lips and ears" or "lituraterra", letter and trash. Earth. In this other version of what is in but is out; of what is out but is in; Lacan points out the knot in Duras's writing as a beautiful wrapper, consisting its center on the danger provided by the stare and the anguish. So, our work is a reading on Duras interposed by Lacan's reading about her as a technique in Abyme. The practice of letter in Duras is, according to Lacan, revealing of a writing of the unconscious while it exposes the convergence among the request of the letter, the desire and the anguish of the law of the "pure loss". The "almar".


Theatres transformed their structure and function with the development of culture and industrial technology. Ancient theatres was important urban facilities providing playgrounds to citizen. However, after twice revolution(people's revolution and industrial revolution), theatres gradually becomes large scale and something possible to produce various performing genres. Now, what synthetic technologies and social intentions do intensively influences to the theatres. That is, it could be possible to say that theatres' features and development is related closely to each time transition and social influence. At this point, breaking away from existing point of view assorting space forms of theatres, this study will concern social influence on performing facilities in the aspect of each time's performing culture features and types. Through analysis for grasping formation background, developing process, mutual connection between performing culture and facilities and through the distribution for studying theatres in the social aspect, this study has a purpose to set up basic direction for the establishment of the theatres' state with times and establish the foundation after studies. It study the variation of theatres on the base of literature and preceding study. On the basis of these, it studies features of theatres and makes types from ancient time to now, through the analysis of stage and audience, and the relation between each time features and theatres.


For nearly a decade and a half there has been a large amount of research on persons who are enthralled with celebrities--persons who have been termed "celebrity worshippers." Prior to 2001 progress in the study of celebrity worshipers was hindered by the lack of a reliable and valid measure of attitudes toward celebrities. Development of the Celebrity Attitude Scale (CAS) led to considerable progress in the effort to understand celebrity worshipers. More than 40 studies have been published on this topic, and much has been learned about those who have a very strong attraction to celebrities. Research with the CAS in the United States (McCutcheon, Maltby, Houran & Ashe, 2004), the Philippines (Tengco-Pacquing, Cayubit, Reyes, Agnes, & McCutcheon, 2014; Vega, et al., 2013), Jamaica and Barbados (McCutcheon, Wong, Black, Maynard, Frey, & Rich, 2014) and in the UK (Maltby, McCutcheon, Ashe, & Houran, 2001) suggests that this scale can be used to reflect distinctions among three levels of celebrity worship, Entertainment/Social, Intense/Personal, and Borderline Pathological. Furthermore, a study conducted in Malaysia revealed a three-factor solution of the CAS that was consistent with previous studies done in the Western Hemisphere (Swami, Chamorro-Premuzic, Mastor, Siran, Said, Jaafar, Sinniah, & Pillai, 2010). However, to our knowledge no one has collected data using the CAS in India, one of the largest and most populated countries in the world. Thus, one of the goals of the present study is to determine how students at an elite university in India perceive their favorite celebrities and to compare their views indirectly with persons from other countries where CAS data exist. A byproduct of research with the CAS is a theoretical model that attempts to explain how one can become increasingly involved with a celebrity. Briefly, the model, based partly on Rasch scaling and partly on factor analysis (McCutcheon, et al., 2004), holds that persons become attached to their favorite celebrity largely because that celebrity provides entertainment and social value. That is, the worshipper admires the celebrity for his or her talent as an entertainer, and because the celebrity's performances can be discussed with like-minded friends. This first level is relatively benign, but a few persons move to a second level by becoming intensely involved with the personal lives of their favorite celebrity, and a few of these individuals eventually become so obsessed with details of their celebrity's life that support for their celebrity borders on the pathological. These level three worshippers are more likely to endorse irresponsible attitudes and behaviors than those who are on levels one or two (McCutcheon, Wong, Black, Maynard, Frey & Rich, 2014), and are willing to admit that they would break laws on behalf of their favorite celebrity (McCutcheon, Lange, & Houran, 2002; McCutcheon, et al., 2004). The science of psychology has long debated about how to best measure personality and what the most important dimensions of personality might be. By the 1990s, what emerged was a general agreement that there were five major dimensions known as the Big Five (Goldberg, 1990). This five-factor model of personality consists of Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness (Costa & McRae, 1992). We wished to measure the relationship between scores on the Big Five and scores on the three levels of celebrity worship. Based on a similar study done in England we predicted that the Big Five factor of Extraversion would correlate positively with the first level of celebrity worship, which we called Entertainment Social; further, we predicted that Big Five neuroticism would correlate positively with the second level of celebrity worship, called Intense Personal (Maltby, McCutcheon, & Lowinger, 2011). METHOD Participants Our sample consisted of 61 students (45 females, 15 males, and 1 no response), from one elite university in India, ranging in age from 17 to 20 years, M = 18. …


The aim of this study was to determine the reactivity of the chalcopyrite (112) surface under industrially relevant leaching conditions. Leaching of the chalcopyrite (112) surface was carried out at approximately pH 1 and in the presence of 0.01 M ferric or ferrous. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman microspectroscopy analyses suggested that the chalcopyrite (112) surface was relatively inert, with no formation of elemental sulfur observed over 42 days of leaching. In addition, it was found that the distribution of Fe-S and Cu-S bonds was always negatively correlated, as revealed by Raman analysis. This suggested that the breakage of the Fe-S and Cu-S bonds did not occur concurrently at a specific reaction site. The rate of variation of surface roughness, as reflected by AFM data, also suggested that leaching of the chalcopyrite (112) surface in the ferric or ferrous solution medium likely occurred more rapidly in the initial stage (fewer than seven days) than in the later stage (after seven days).


The global obesity pandemic is a major health problem with adverse effects on physical and mental health. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of obesity and the association between BMI and different aspects of lifestyle.


Objective:To explore the method to prevent incisional infection of appendectomy in patients with acute appendicitis so as to reduce the incisional infection rate.Methods:The clinical management of surgical incision of 350 pateints with acute appendicitis were analyzed retrospectively.Results:6 cases were incisionally infected and the infection rate was 1.75%.Conclusions:If the intraoperative incision of the appendical patents has been managed exactly,the incisional infection rate can be reduced obviously.


The present paper explores the association of mycoflora and aflatoxins with stored crude herbal drugs that are most commonly used in ayurvedic preparations. Total of 10 drug samples collected from different locations of Haridwar were analysed for mold profile, aflatoxins and microbial load. All the samples were found contaminated with one or more fungal genera such as Alternaria , Aspergillus , Fusarium , Chaetomium , Cladosporium Curvularia , Penicillium , Mucor , Rhizopus , Rhizoctonia and Verticillium . Among all the fungal isolates, Aspergillus flavus (23.60%) was isolated with highest frequency followed by A. niger (19.20%). Microbial load of all the samples was found beyond WHO limits. However, specific pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. were not reported during the present investigation. After aflatoxins analysis, presence of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was proved in two samples. The present study suggests that detection of fungi and aflatoxins poses a risk for consumer's health and it is necessary to check the herbal drugs before allowing distribution for public use.


The 351.1 nm photoelectron spectrum of the peroxyacetate anion, (CH3C(O)OO−) was measured. Analysis of the spectrum shows that the observed spectral features arise almost exclusively from transitions between the trans-conformer of the anion and the X˜22A″ and Ã2A′ states of the corresponding radical. The electron affinity of trans-CH3C(O)OO is 2.381 ± 0.007 eV and the term energy splitting of the Ã2A′ state is 0.691 ± 0.009 eV, in excellent agreement with two prior values [Zalyubovsky et al. J. Phys. Chem. A 107, 7704 (2003); Hu et al. J. Phys. Chem. 124, 114305/1 (2006); Hu et al. J. Phys. Chem. 110, 2629 (2006)]. The gas-phase acidity of trans-peroxyacetic acid was bracketed between the acidity of acetic acid and tert-butylthiol at ΔaG298(trans-CH3C(O)OOH) = 1439 ± 14 kJ mol−1 and ΔaH298(trans-CH3C(O) OOH) = 1467 ± 14 kJ mol−1. The acidity of cis-CH3C(O)OOH was found by adding a calculated energy correction to the acidity of the trans-conformer; ΔaG298[cis-CH3C(O)OOH] = 1461 ± 14 kJ mol−1 and ΔaH298[cis-CH3C(O)OOH] = 1490 ± 14 kJ mol−1. The O–H bond dissociation energies for both conformers were determined using a negative ion thermodynamic cycle to be D0[trans-CH3C(O)OOH] = 381 ± 14 kJ mol−1 and D0[cis-CH3C(O)OOH] = 403±14 kJ mol−1. The atmospheric implications of these results and relations to the thermochemistry of peroxyacetyl nitrate are discussed briefly.


A rapid measuring method for all fluorescent branching ratios of NAB and Nd: YAG crystals by measuring the ratio of the 1.06 to 1.35μm fluorescence band intensities is reported.


Introduction Disc degeneration is often scored using macroscopic and microscopic scoring systems. Although reproducible, these scores may not accurately reflect declining function in a degenerated disc. Accordingly, we compared macroscopic and microscopic degeneration scores with measurements of disc function. Methods Thirteen cadaveric motion segments (62–93 yrs) were compressed to 1kN while a pressure-transducer was pulled across the mid-sagittal diameter of the disc. Resulting stress profiles indicated intradiscal pressure (IDP), and maximum stress in the anterior (MaxStress_Ant) and posterior (MaxStress_Post) annulus. Macroscopic grade (1–4) of disc degeneration was based on visual examination of mid-sagittal sections, using subscales that yielded a maximum score of 48. Microscopic grade (1–4) was based on histological sections of the disc + vertebral body taken from anterior annulus, nucleus pulposus and posterior annulus, using subscale scores that totalled 108. Cartilage endplate thickness (CEP_thickness) was measured histologically, and porosity of the bony endplates was measured using micro-CT. ANOVA was used to compare between grades , and regression was used to establish dependence on scores . Results IDP and CEP_thickness both decreased with increasing macroscopic grade (1–4) of degeneration (P= 0.021 & 0.022 respectively). Also, IDP, CEP_thickness and MaxStress_Ant decreased with increasing macroscopic score (1–48) (R 2 = 0.39, P = 0.022; R 2 = 0.36, P = 0.03; R 2 = 0.30, P = 0.04 respectively). IDP and MaxStress_Ant decreased with increasing microscopic grade (1–4) of degeneration (P=0.05 & 0.005 respectively) and increasing microscopic score (1–108) (R 2 = 0.36, P = 0.02; R 2 = 0.47, P = 0.009 respectively) whereas inferior endplate porosity increased with increasing microscopic grade (P = 0.05) and score (R 2 = 0.36, P = 0.03). Conclusion Macroscopic and microscopic 'degeneration' scores both reflect changes in disc function and endplate integrity.


Seed dormancy in Eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis var. canadensis L.) can be overcome by seedcoat scarification to allow water imbibition, followed by chilling stratification to permit germination. During chilling stratification, there was an increase in the growth potential of the embryo as indicated by the ability of the isolated embryo to germinate in osmotic solutions. Penetration resistance of the testa also decreased after chilling stratification. The combination of seedcoat alteration and the increase in embryonic growth potential was associated with overcoming dormancy in redbud seed. GA3 or ethephon (50 μM) stimulated germination (28% and 60%, respectively) and increased the growth potential of treated embryos. Chemical names used: gibberellic acid (GA 3), (2-chloroethyl) phosphoric acid (ethephon). Eastern redbud is a small tree native to eastern North America. It is propagated from seed by the nursery industry and cultivar selections are commonly grafted. Redbud is a common landscape tree selected for the attractive flowers that appear before the foliage emerges in the spring. Redbud is a woody legume with a hard seedcoat that is impermeable to water. However, unlike most other temperate woody legume species, redbud seed appears to require a cold stratification period to satisfy dormancy conditions. Roy (1974) suggested that seeds of redbud have an internal dormancy requiring 60 days of stratification at 5C for germination. It is generally recommended that seed should be treated with. concentrated H2S O4 for 30 rein, followed by moist, cold stratification for 6 to 8 weeks (Dirr and Heuser, 1989; Roy, 1974). Experimental evidence to support these recommendations were provided by Afanasiev (1944) and reaffirmed by Frett and Dirr (1979). Both studies showed that germination percent increased with increased duration of cold stratification. In contrast, a study by-Hamilton and Carpenter (1975) provided evidence that seed dormancy in redbud was only controlled by the hard tests. In their study, germination proceeded after scarification with no requirement for cold stratification. They also found no naturally occurring germination inhibitors or promoters in either the testa or embryo. Redbud has a wide geographic distribution in eastern North America and several authors have suggested that dormancy-breaking requirements vary between seed sources (Fordham, 1967; Heit, 1967). Afanasiev (1944) showed that the response of redbud seed to stratification varied between seedlots, but most of the seedlots tested showed > 90% germination after 5 to 7 weeks of chilling stratification. This study was initiated tore-investigate the mechanisms controlling seed dormancy in redbud. This study identifies a requirement for cold stratification for redbud seed germination and reports on the physical changes that occur in the testa and embryo during cold or warm stratification that is related to dormancy release in redbud seed. Materials and Methods Seed of redbud were collected from a single tree (≈15 years old) on the Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington campus. Seeds were for publication 16 Jan. 1990. Paper no. 89-10-116 of the Kentucky al Experiment Station. The cost of publishing this paper was defrayed the payment of page charges. Under postal regulations, this paper must be hereby marked advertisement solely to indicate this fact. . Soc. Hort. Sci. 116(1):85-88. 1991. stored dry in a closed Mason jar at 5C before use. All seeds were scarified with concentrated H2S O4 for 30 min, rinsed in double-distilled water, and then allowed to imbibe water or growth regulator solutions of GA3, ethephon, or abscisic acid (ABA) at 50 μM for 24 h at room temperature. After imbibition, the seeds were surface-disinfected with 0.5% sodium hypochlorite and 0.1 % Alconox detergent for 10 min with agitation followed by three rinses in autoclave deionized water. All subsequent procedures occurred under aseptic conditions. Ten seeds or excised embryos were placed in 10 cm disposable petri dishes on two pieces of Whatman #1 filter paper wetted with 4 ml autoclave deionized water. Each petri dish was sealed with parafilm. Stratification was at 5 or 25C in the dark, germination at 25 ± 3C in the dark. Data are presented as the means of 60 seeds or 30 embryos (10 embryos per petri dish) and each experiment was run at least twice. Surgical treatments were performed on seeds imbibed in water for 24 h and consisted of fully excised embryos, seeds split along the embryonic axis at the cotyledon or radicle end, and seeds with half the tests removed. Seeds were split with a sharp scalpel blade through the seedcoat and endosperm. To remove half the testa, seeds were split at the cotyledon end and the tests pulled open with forceps along the flat edge of the seed. Twenty seeds were placed in each petri dish with the testa in contact with the moist filter paper or they were inverted with the exposed embryo in contact with the filter paper. The force required to penetrate the testa was measured using an Instron Universal Testing Machine model 1122 (Instron, Boston). A 5-ml disposable plastic pipette was modified to hold a half-seed by making a tapering incision across the tip of the pipette. The half-seed was prepared by cutting the seed in half along an axis perpendicular to the embryo and the embryo was removed by applying gentle pressure to the base of the seed. A sewing needle was filed to a blunt tip approximating the diameter of the embryo radicle and inserted into a threaded 2.5cm pipe fitted for the Instron. The Instron measured the force required for the needle to penetrate the radicle end of the testa with the load cell at 10-N full-scale load and a crosshead speed of 10 cm·min -1. Growth potential, expressed as radicle length, was measured in isolated embryos pretreated with filter-sterilized water and 50 μ M G A3, ethephon, or ABA. Embryos were aseptically removed from the testa by splitting the seed at the cotyledon end with a scalpel, and pressure was gently applied to the base of the seed with forceps until the embryo was removed. Embryos


This research was conducted at SMK N 3 Gorontalo, which aims to develop learning media applications using augmented reality technology. At first the teaching system only led to conventional teaching, namely through power point teaching materials and print media as well as the lack of available hardware or network equipment and the absence of computers that were ready to be disassembled and then developed using augmented reality technology. Through this research, it is hoped that the learning process will be more interactive. This application was developed using a prototype system development method that has a Requirements Gathering and Analysis phase, Quick Design, Build Prototype, User Evaluation, Refining Prototype and Engineer Product. The result of this study is a software application, namely an android-based augmented reality technology learning media application.


A new industrial price survey has recently been designed at the Bureau of Labor Statistics to provide improved estimates of price change. The improvements include (i) a firmer theoretical foundation for the indexes, (2) the introduction of probability sample techniques, and (3) greater analytic usefulness and compatibility with other economic data. This paper is primarily concerned with the impact of these objectives on sampling.


Key Issues in Managing Pharmaceutical Innovation.- Risk-sharing as New Paradigm in Pharma R&D Collaborations.- Case Studies on Risk-sharing in Pharma R&D Collaborations.- Characteristics of Risk-sharing in Pharma R&D Collaborations.- Theoretical Basis for Risk-sharing in Pharma R&D Collaborations.- Managerial Recommendations for Risk-sharing in Pharma R&D Collaborations.- Conclusion.


– Topographic factor: Digital Elevation Model. – Navigation factor: allows to discriminate valley areas (wadi) where travelers easily orient themselves from areas with few landscaped landmarks. It was produced by analyzing the theoretical hydrographic network, itself created by DEM processing. – Terrain factor: This layer represents the difficult walking zones for a loaded camel that are the coherent outcropping rocks or coarse sedimentary deposits. It was produced by combining geological and topographical data and by photo-interpretation of satellite images. DATA PAPER


We propose an adaptive unequal error protection scheme to help protect a video stream over the Internet. The data partition approach and the resynchronization marker are applied to generate two types of packets with different importance. Our scheme is very adaptive to network traffic conditions and can be easily implemented via software. With the proposed scheme, more protection is provided for the more important packets. The final quality can therefore be improved at a higher packet loss ratio.


Conclusion Although Bacteroides vulgatus grows in the absence of oxygen and is killed by air, its growth at low oxidation-reduction potential in the presence of 3 to 8% oxygen is characterized by oxygen consumption.


Comparisons within monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs can provide valuable insights into the relative contributions of genetic and environmental influences on the variation in tooth size. Twenty-two twin pairs (12 dizygotic twins, 10 monozygotic twins) aged 13 – 25 years who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were considered. Mesio-distal measurements of maxillary and mandibular permanent posterior teeth to their maximum width were measured from the dental casts obtained from the twin pairs. Intrapair differences showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05) of tooth dimensions among dizygotic (DZ) twins were found in 4 of the 16 posterior teeth studied. No statistically significant differences (p>0.05) were found in all 16 posterior teeth studied among monozygotic (MZ) twins. Mean differences were greater between members of the dizygotic twin pairs compared to monozygotic twin pairs. This study substantiates the evidence of genetic control in tooth size.


Dr. H . M. S c h i e b e l , Gesellschaft für Molekularbiologische Forschung, Stöckheim-Braunschweig, is thanked for the mass spectra. G.-V. R. acknowledges support through a grant of Deutsche Forschungsge m einschaft. Analysis (C4F 10MoN2P 4 O4 ) 1 E. N i e c k e and W. F l i c k , 4th European Symposium on Fluorine Chemistry, Abstr. p. 1-72, Ljubljana 1972. 2 G . E. G r a v e s , D. W . M c K e n n o n , and M . L u s t i g , Inorg. Chem. 10, 2083 [1971]. 3 H . K r i e g s m a n n , Z. anorg. allg. Chem. 294, 113 [1958]. 4 R. B. K i n g , Inorg. Chem. 2, 936 [1963]. 5 R. P e t t i t , J. Amer. chem. Soc. 81, 1266 [1959].


To address consequence assessment challenges associated with resilient operation of interdependent infrastructures against compound hazard events, we propose a novel policy-guided tri-level optimization model applied to a proof-of-concept case study with fuel distribution and transportation networks. Mathematically, our approach takes the form of a defender-attacker-defender (DAD) model–a multi-agent tri-level optimization, comprised of a defender, attacker, and an operator acting in sequence. Here, our notional operator may choose proxy actions to operate an interdependent system comprised of fuel terminals and gas stations (functioning as supplies) and a transportation network with traffic flow (functioning as demand) so as to minimize unmet demand at gas stations. A notional attacker aims to hypothetically disrupt normal operations by reducing supply at the supply terminals and close roadways to further congestion, and the notional defender aims to identify best proxy defense policy options which includes hardening supply terminals or allowing alternative distribution methods such as trucking reserve supplies. We also propose to investigate solving our DAD formulation at a reasonable (metropolitan area) scale with an adaptation of active constraint learning. Solving such a model, especially at a real-world scale, would aid in exploring the tradeoffs between the cost of implementing a defense policy and the effect it has on system impacts.


Tatlink Grupp and Containerships have ordered new LNG-fuelled ships. While the price difference between LNG and marine diesel oil has decreased, both of the companies see LNG as a fuel for the future due to its lower emissions.


THE HEALTH MAINTENANCE organization strategy has been proposed as an alternative which can improve both efficiency and effectiveness of health care in American society. This strategy is applicable within a variety of resource combinations that can achieve the requisite attributes of an HMO. As a result, the HMO strategy as presently conceptualized can encompass various types of existing health care delivery systems. These systems, identified as HMO prototypes, can be described along several dimensions. Basically, these dimensions are (a) the extent of functional integration and coordination of manpower and facilities, (b) the extent of centralization of manpower and facilities, and (c) the extent of service commitment to the enrolled population (1).


Background: Acyl-ACP reductase (AAR) is one of the two key cyanobacterial enzymes along with aldehyde deformylating oxygenase (ADO) involved in synthesis of long-chain alkanes, a drop-in biofuel. The enzyme is prone to aggregation when expressed in E. coli, leading to varying alkane levels. Intriguingly, the structural characterization remains largely elusive as AAR alone failed to form stable crystals, possibly due to a number of intrinsically flexible random regions. The present work attempts to fill a gap in the literature by investigating the crucial structural aspects of AAR protein associated with its stability and folding. Results: The AAR protein was recombinant expressed in E. coli and purified by metal affinity and gel filtration chromatography. Characterization by dynamic light scattering experiment revealed that recombinantly expressed AAR in E. coli existed in multiple-sized protein particles in the range of 36.4 to 51.6 nm. Intact mass spectrometry revealed that recombinant AAR was heterogenous due to diverse lipidation and de-lipidation resulted in a single mass peak of 40296.87 Da as predicted. Interestingly, while thermal- and urea-based denaturation of AAR showed 2-state unfolding transition in circular dichroism and intrinsic fluorescent spectroscopy, the unfolding process of AAR was a 3-state pathway in GdnHCl solution. Lower concentration of GdnHCl appeared to be stabilizing the protein, suggesting that the protein milieu plays a significant role in dictating it's folding. Standard free energy (∆GH2ONU) of ~4.5 kcal/mol for steady-state unfolding of AAR indicated borderline stability of the protein. Molecular dynamics simulation conducted on AAR structure in presence of KCl, an ionic solvent with similar properties as GdnHCl at lower concentrations, suggested that KCl mediates structural stabilization especially at the concentration of 375 mM, and thus was responsible for enhancing its activity. KCl presence also resulted in regional alteration towards the binding site of its neighbouring pathway enzyme, ADO, thus paving the way for coordinated catalysis.Conclusion: Based on these evidences, we propose that the marginal stability of AAR are plausible contributing reasons for aggregation propensity and hence low catalytic activity of the enzyme when expressed in E. coli for biofuel production. Our results show path for building superior biocatalyst for higher biofuel production.


The relevance of the study is due to the need to comprehend and use the results of long-term activity of state institutions for the training of qualified specialists of internal affairs bodies.
The article examines the activities of the courses for senior and junior policemen formed in 1923 in the Donetsk province, their classes were conducted according to the program of the Main Militia of the Ukrainian SSR. The level of responsibility and interest of the NKVD in the sphere of the educational process of the formed provincial militia courses is shown. The problems of material, educational and methodological support of the provincial militia courses, as well as the shortage of teaching staff in the main disciplines, are analyzed.
The purpose of the study is to study and summarize the historical experience of the NKVD-MIA of the RSFSR, the USSR on the organization, as well as the legal regulation of professional training and professional education of militia personnel.
Methodological basis of the study is the institutional approach, which is traditional in the study of the history of state-legal systems, combined with elements of historical and logical methods.
Research results. The authors come to the conclusion that the militia courses played a significant role in the formation of professional skills, as well as the quality of militia personnel in Donbass during the studied period. The study materials can be useful for practitioners in the organization of educative work with cadets and students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.


We present an asymptotic evaluation unitary formula for large argument values existing for defined class of functions. The asymptotic evaluation is obtained using only power series expansion coefficients of a function, what is a new result in power series analytic continuation theory.


Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (VKH syndrome) is named after ophthalmologists Alfred Vogt from Switzerland and Yoshizo Koyanagi and Einosuke Harada from Japan. It is an uncommon multisystem disorder characterized by chronic, bilateral, diffuse granulomatous uveitis with associated dermatological, neurological and auditory manifestations. It is an autoimmune disease directed against melanocytes. We report a case presenting with vitiligo, auditory defect with additional dextrocardia.


This article surveys important developments occurring in American administrative law since 1972. Regarding administrative powers it surveys the expansion into non-regulatory mass administration, broad delegations of power, introduction of the legislative veto and amendments to the Freedom of Information Act. Regarding administrative procedures, the Courts have abandoned the line of cases requiring stricter rule-making than required by governing legislation, expanded the right to evidentiary hearings and transformed hearing officers into an administrative judiciary. The article surveys the increased availability and scope of judicial review, and the imposition of limits to state immunity.


Objective:To observe the therapeutic effect of Gushen Peiyuan Fang(JPF) on Presbycusis based on a clinical trial.Methods:Sixty-seven cases with Presbycusis were randomly divided into two groups equally,i.e.controlling groups(CG)were treated by Golden theragpam and Tanakan Tablets,treating group(TG) treated by JPF based on the Golden theragpam and Tanakan Tablets.Then,evaluations on the therapeutic effect were carried out respectively following the end of the therapies.Results:The total effective rate was 62.9% among the cases of TG,while it was 53.1% among those of CG,with no statistical significance(P0.05) between them.But the TG was higher than the CG.Conclusions:JPF in treating Presbycusis in the total efficiency is better than that of control group,Chinese medicine may improve the inner ear microcirculation,promote functional recovery of hair cells,thereby enhancing the hearing.


The stability of residues of diazepam and its metabolites (oxazepam, temazepam, and demethyldiazepam) in the liver of treated bulls when subjected to a heating procedure (100 o C in water for 1 h) was studied. Compounds were quantified by reversed-phase HPLC using UV detection. The most unstable of the compounds studied was, under those conditions, oxazepam, which was degraded to approximately 50% of the original quantities. The other compounds were more stable and, after treatment, were present in 70-89% of the initial quantity


It is a worldwide phenomenon that food is produced but remains unconsumed along the value chain. Wasting food entails various impacts ,on the economy, society and environment. One goal of the United Nations calls for reducing food waste by half until 2030 on agiobai scale. Multiple actors are involved in the process of finding and implementing strategies which aim to solve the food waste challenge. In the case of the city Colombo, markets and restaurants generate a significant amount of food waste and there is a need for improving waste management in urban Sri Lanka. This thesis has the objective of exploring food waste reduction options in the retail and foodservice sector in urban Sri Lanka. A multiple-stakeholder approach intends to assess driving and hindering factors for implementing strategies to reduce food waste. The research area, relevant stakeholder groups and food waste reduction approach es are introduced. The food waste mitigation hierarchy serves as a foundation of the conceptional framework of this thesis. Semi-structured interviews with food·entity operators and potential facilitators for food waste reduction, such as livestock farmers and food rescue initiatives, as weil as authorities, are used to collect data. Matchmaking of research participants in the form of one group discussion supplements the data collection. The centre of the study is the presentation of the findings. It is affirmed by th is research that food waste is a multifaceted challenge, wh ich affects most selected food entities in urban Sri Lanka. Whether reduction options and strategies are feasible is determined by the unique settings of the food entity, the attitude and awareness of operators and external factors. Various preventative measures are in place and positive attitudes towards food waste reduction overweight negative attitudes of food entity operators. Including external influences and the settings of food entities, the assessed barriers are outbalancing the driving determinants for implementing food waste reduction strategies. In the perspective of food entity operators, the influence of consumer is a central barrier to prevent food waste. Corporate policies hinder reuse and redistribution of occurring surplus food. Two local food rescue initiatives identified in this study, lack capacities to meet requirements and expectations voiced by most hoteliers. The matchmaking of one hotel and one initiative revealed the requirement of assessing the quantity and type of food to be redistributed before the next step can be taken. Food waste from larger food entities is collected by livestock farmers and recovered as swine feed. The perceived unsatisfactory service of the municipality service stands in relation with interest in alternative recycling options. Interviewed authorities focus on enhancing the solid waste management situation or ensuring hygienic conditions in food entities. Food waste prevention measures are not considered in the Sri Lankan legislation. It is concluded that further research is required to assess the food waste reduction potential in urban Sri Lanka. The explorative study can be seen as another step on the food waste challenge pathway. It is supporting projects ofthe FAO and IWMI in Colombo.


Efficient implementation of deep neural networks on CPU-based systems is very critical because applications proliferate to embedded and Internet of Things (IoT) systems. Many CPUs for personal computers and embedded systems equip Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) instructions, which can be utilized to implement an efficient GEneral Matrix Multiply (GEMM) library that is very necessary for efficient deep neural network implementation. While many deep neural networks show quite good performance even at 1-bit or 2-bit precision, the current CPU instruction and library do not efficiently support arithmetic operations below 8-bit. We propose TernGEMM, a special GEMM library using SIMD instructions for Deep Neural Network (DNN) inference with ternary weights and activations under 8-bit. TernGEMM improves the speed by replacing slow multiply-add with logical operations and also accumulating a number of multiplications without bit expansion operations. We compared the speedup of TernGEMM with tiling optimization and GEMMLowp, an 8-bit precision GEMM library. For Intel CPU, the speedup of ×2.052, ×2.973, and ×2.986 is achieved on ResNet-50, MobileNet-V2, EfficientNet-B0, respectively. For ARM CPU, TernGEMM's speedup is ×2.143, ×1.765, and ×1.856, respectively.


The IRS's Market Segment Specialization Program determines audit guidelines forspecific industries. This book provides practical advice for professionals in specific fields and their advisors on how to handle an IRS audit.


Contents: Part I Background: Introduction Prologue Teahouses and marketplaces: narrative arts before 1949 The iron rice bowl: ShuochA ng becomes QuyA-- after 1949 Social relationships Language-music relationships. Part II Performances: Act 1: Tianjin popular tunes (Tianjin Shidiao) Chang over Shuo Act 2: Beijing drumsong (Jingyun Dagu) Chang vis-a-vis Shuo Act 3: fast clappertales (Kuaibarshu) Shuo vis-a-vis Chang Act 4: comic routines (Xiangsheng) Shuo over Chang Conclusions. Part III Appendices. Glossary Bibliography Index.


The Acoustical Heart Valve Analysis Package is a system for signal and image processing and classification. It is being developed in both Matlab and C, to provide an interactive, interpreted environment, and has been optimized for large scale matrix operations. It has been used successfully to classify acoustic signals from implanted prosthetic heart valves in human patients, and will be integrated into a commercial Heart Valve Screening Center. The system uses several standard signal processing algorithms, as well as supervised learning techniques using the probabilistic neural network (PNN). Although currently used for the acoustic heart valve application, the algorithms and modular design allow it to be used for other applications, as well. We will describe the signal classification system, and show results from a set of test valves.


Background and Objectives: Isolating Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) from wastewater and culturing it using a conventional method has always been a controversial issue because the bacterium converts into a coccoid form when exposed to an unfavourable environment like wastewater. To clarify the cultivability behaviour of the bacterium in fresh wastewater samples, the effect of municipal wastewater dilation on the cultivation of the bacterium using a conventional method was examined. Materials and Methods: Several dilutions of wastewater samples were inoculated with fresh H. pylori suspension (with McFarland's dilution 0.5) to examine the dilution effect of wastewater on the bacterium isolation. Results: The H. pylori growth was found to be possible for a dilution factor from 1/106 to 1/107 of raw wastewater. In higher dilution factors the growth of fungi was dominant and could prevent the isolation of the bacterium. Conclusion: The optimized technique could be applied in future studies for increasing the chance of H. pylori isolation from fresh wastewater environments.


The nanosized Bi_(3.25) La_(0.75) Ti_3 O_(12) (BLT) powder was prepared by coprecipitation method with chemical grade bismuth nitrate[Bi(NO_3)_35H_2O], lanthanum nitrate[La(NO_3)_3nH_2O] and tetrabutyl titanate [(C_4H_9O)_4Ti] as raw materials, nitric acid, ethanol and deionized water as solvents, and ammonia as precipitant. The Differential thermal and thermo—gravimetric analysis (DTA/TG) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to investigate the thermal behavior of BLT precursor and evaluate the phase formation of BLT. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was employed to observe the morphology and changes of particle size of the BLT powders calcined at different temperatures. It reveals that the bismuth oxynitrate derived from bismuth nitrate hydrolysis are not favorable for the formation of BLT phase with Bi—layer perovskite structure. The bismuth nitrate hydrolysis can be avoided by using higher concentration nitric acid solution as solvent. A single phase of BLT powder can be synthesized directly by coprecipitation of the transparent BET precursor solution into ammonia solution under stirring, and no pyrochlore Bi_2Ti_2O_7 phase is found in the powder. The particle size of the BLT powder synthesized by calcination at 700℃ for 2h is not larger than 100 nm and the interaction of particles is loose with good dispersion.


The doctors in every generation paid great attention to clinical effect of aconite root. But its toxicity brought about safety problem clinically. The author thought that the correct syndrome differentiation was the key problem,and attention should be paid to the decocting time and compatibility. The efficacy will be very good if using properly.


I am presenting this paper only with reference to my city of Madras, the capital of Tamil Nadu, where more than 60 per cent of the population are illiterate. I am an active member of the Madras Astronomical Association and I am the Vice-President of the Vivekananda Astronomy Club, both of which are popularizing astronomy among the masses. Though we have been pleading for the necessity of a planetarium over the last two decades, we got one only in May 1988. But for the last seven years, we designed and set up a mini-planetarium at the Education Pavilion of the Trade Fair Exhibition conducted by the local government every year. In this pavilion we showed the various kinds of eclipses and certain zodiacal constellations using an overhead projector. We did this to eradicate superstitions and to teach the public some basic concepts on astronomy. The response to these programs has been very encouraging. I have also given popular talks on astronomy in several schools in this city and helped them in starting astronomy clubs. We have given a number of television programs on the popularization of astronomy, broadcast statewide. I must mention here that astronomy is not in the curriculum for the state-government-aided schools. For students and for the public we conduct regular observations at my college astronomy club. In addition to the regular observations, we have also shown the public and students the following celestial phenomena.