Black ice on the road can be dangerous, as it renders the road slippery and is difficult to identify, owing to its transparency. Although studies on black ice detection using cameras, optical sensors, and infrared sensors have been conducted, these sensors have limitations, as they are affected by low light conditions and sunlight. To detect black ice regardless of low light conditions or sunlight, in this study, we incorporate a mmWave sensor that is consistent with varying light conditions. In the proposed method, a frequency modulated continuous wave is transmitted to the surface by the mmWave sensor, and the mmWave sensor backscattering is modulated by the surface medium and roughness. The proposed method also includes preprocessing to calculate the Range-FFT result of the mmWave sensor backscattering and a classification based on a 1-dimensional convolutional neural network to precisely detect the presence of black ice from the Range-FFT result. As a result of the indoor experiment, the proposed black ice detection method achieves an accuracy of 98.2% on dry, wet, and black ice surfaces. Additionally, under low light conditions and in an outdoor environment with sunlight, the proposed method achieves accuracies of 95.6% and 98.5%, respectively.


The primary objective of the research is to establish better correlations between SCC severity and operational and geotechnical characteristics, and to develop improved models for site-selection for SCCDA excavations, hydrostatic testing or in-line inspection (ILI). This report summarizes the modeling efforts and results, gaps and direction for future studies.


The development of the local economy Surabaya, especially western Surabaya, the need for beauty treatments will be greater. On the other hand, the number of beauty clinics are also growing. That is, besides having the opportunity to grow big, the challenges of competitors are also getting bigger. In this research, study and assessment of internal clinical data NFD to know the problems faced in particular in the implementation of marketing strategies. It also examined internal problems related to optimizing the implementation of marketing strategies, ranging from the vision, mission and values of the organization, organizational structure, jobdesc and team competence, performance evaluation that embraces continuous PDCA and market research. From the picture can create a marketing strategy that includes competition strategy (segmentation, targeting and positioning), tactical marketing (marketing mix and differentiation), the value of marketing (branding, service and process). Based on this assessment, there are several ways of settlement. Due to internal conditions that also need improvement, then the way of solving problems that have a combination of various means of solving that includes revamping the vision, mission and values of the organization, organizational structure, job description and competency team, performance evaluation adheres PDCA sustainable and market research to ensure the marketing strategy that includes competition strategy (segmentation, targeting and positioning), tactical marketing (marketing mix and differentiation), the value of marketing (branding, service and process) is applied to run more optimally.


The task of the work is to present in as much detail as possible the legal deadlocks that arise in the case of crimes committed by military personnel, to show the negative consequences arising from them in situations of initiation of a criminal case by the relevant authorities of the Republic of Artsakh, involvement of the accused, investigative actions, selection of preventive measures and transfer of the criminal case to the competent authorities of the Republic of Armenia.
 The work is written on the basis of presentation of current issues and legal comparative analysis.


Current attempts to build fast, efficient, and maneuverable underwater vehicles have looked to nature for inspiration. However, they have all been based on traditional propulsive techniques, i.e. rotary motors. In the current study a promising and potentially revolutionary approach is taken that overcomes the limitations of these traditional methods - morphing structure concepts with integrated actuation and sensing. Inspiration for this work comes from the manta ray (Manta birostris) and other batoid fish. These creatures are highly maneuverable but are also able to cruise at high speeds over long distances. In this paper, the structural foundation for the bio-inspired morphing wing is a tensegrity structure. A preliminary procedure is presented for developing morphing tensegrity structures that include actuating elements. A shape optimization method is used that determines actuator placement and actuation amount necessary to achieve the measured biological displacement field of a ray. Lastly, an experimental manta ray wing is presented that measures the static and dynamic pressure field acting on the ray's wings during a normal flapping cycle


Editor's NoteOn behalf of the Editorial Board, I extend thanks to Drs. Meth, Harviel, and Bray for preparing this article and for providing critical care services during the Persian Gulf conflict. Many men and women in critical care participated in this military operation and this special article is published, in part, to recognize their efforts.


A trans-critical CO2 refrigeration system with compensating vapor input into a compressor economizer was developed to improve the performance of trans-critical CO2 refrigeration systems.In this system the expansion device is composed of two expansion valves and an economizer as a traditional expansion valve,with the vapor exiting the economizer entering the compression chamber.The influences of the economizer pressure and the pressure in the compression chamber at the beginning of the compensation process on the system performance were investigated theoretically.The results show that for a constant economizer pressure,increases of the compression chamber pressure at the beginning of compensation process increase the system COP assuming that all the vapor separated in the economizer enteres the compression chamber,the COP decreases if only some of the vapor separated in the economizer enteres the compression chamber.When the compression chamber pressure at the beginning of the compensation process is constant,increases of the economizer pressure reduce the COP when all of the vapor separated in the economizer enters the compression chamber and increase the COP when only part of the vapor separated in the economizer enteres the compression chamber.The economizer pressure and the compression chamber pressure at the beginning of compensation process can be optimized to give the best COP.


The development of technologies in the field of energy storage and loader solutions has influenced the creation of many ways to power the automatic trucks. The article discusses the technologies of power systems used in Automated Guided Vehicle.


A novel refractive index sensor with a sensitivity of (1.2~141)times105 and resolution of 10-8 RIU is presented. It is based on attenuated total reflection of a prism (without a metal film) inside a Fabry-Perot cavity


This article attempts to demonstrate that the politics of gender in Turkey is intrinsic rather than incidental to a characterization of its ruling ideology. It does so by focusing on three central nodes of ideology and practice in three domains: first, the use of gender as a central pillar of populism and a marker of difference that pits an authentically national 'us' against an anti-national 'them'; second, the marriage of convenience between neo-liberal welfare and employment policies and (neo)- conservative familialism and finally, the 'normalization' of violence in everyday political discourse and practice. It concludes that soaring levels of gender-based and societal violence are not indicative of a securely entrenched patriarchy but of a crisis in the gender order and the polity more generally.


Based on the industry′s statistic data of 2010,and in comparison with those of the national GDP and import/export figures,the authors introduce the extraordinary progresses of China superabrasive industry achieved in 2010,which can be expressed as follows: industrial gross output value increment 30.35%,industrial added value increment 53.36%,total profit increment 115.42%.However,such rapid development is still unsufficient for the ever increasing demand of the market.Factories of all kinds of products are fully engaged with orders and urgent deliveries.What a prosperous situation! In this report,figures and data are given and analyzed in 18 tables.From the tables we can see that our total annual output of diamond represents 90% of the world,that of cBN represents 60% of the world,and what is more,the technological level of these products approaches the world advanced level.This marks the dominant position of China′s superabrasive industry in the world.On the other hand,the authors point out that,China′s superabrasive industry is still marked by high price import/low price export with large quantity.What we should to concert our efforts to do is to further adjust the industrial structure and to innovate new technologies.This is our eternal mission.


A large number of binary black holes (BBHs) with longer orbital periods are supposed to exist as progenitors of BBH mergers recently discovered with gravitational wave (GW) detectors. In our previous papers, we proposed to search for such BBHs in triple systems through the radial velocity modulation of the tertiary orbiting star. If the tertiary is a pulsar, high-precision and high-cadence observations of its arrival time enable an unambiguous characterization of the pulsar–BBH triples located at several kiloparsecs, which are inaccessible with the radial velocity of stars. The present paper shows that such inner BBHs can be identified through the short-term Rømer delay modulation, on the order of 10 ms for our fiducial case, a triple consisting of a 20 M⊙ BBH and 1.4 M⊙ pulsar with Pin = 10 days and Pout = 100 days. If the relativistic time delays are measured as well, one can determine basically all the orbital parameters of the triple. For instance, this method is applicable to inner BBHs of down to ∼1 hr orbital periods if the orbital period of the tertiary pulsar is around several days. Inner BBHs with ≲1 hr orbital period emit the GW detectable by future space-based GW missions, including LISA, DECIGO, and BBO, and very short inner BBHs with subsecond orbital period can be even probed by the existing ground-based GW detectors. Therefore, our proposed methodology provides a complementary technique to search for inner BBHs in triples, if they exist at all, in the near future.


The present invention, at least one substrate (1), at least one frame (2, 2a, 2b) and at least a first Seismic mass body (9, 9a) for containing and at least a first frame (2, of one or more frames 2b ) it is suspended, directly or indirectly, to the substrate (1) by at least one spring member (3, 3b), and at least the deflection claim to the substrate (1) when the first acceleration is acting, the first Seismic mass body has at least one the spring member being suspended from the first frame (2, 2b) or more frames (2a) of the by (7, 7a), in particular the biased against the frame (2, 2a) when the work is first acceleration different from the acceleration , to a micromechanical acceleration sensor.


DEFORMABLE MESHES FOR SHAPE RECOVERY: MODELS AND APPLICATIONS by CHANG LIU December 2011 Advisor: Dr. Jing Hua Major: Computer Science Degree: Doctor of Philosophy With the advance of scanning and imaging technology, more and more 3D objects become available. Among them, deformable objects have gained increasing interests. They include medical instances such as organs, a sequence of objects in motion, and objects of similar shapes where a meaningful correspondence can be established between each other. Thus, it requires tools to store, compare, and retrieve them. Many of these operations depend on successful shape recovery. Shape recovery is the task to retrieve an object from the environment where its geometry is hidden or implicitly known. As a simple and versatile tool, mesh is widely used in computer graphics for modelling and visualization. In particular, deformable meshes are meshes which can take the deformation of deformable objects. They extend the modelling ability of meshes. This dissertation focuses on using deformable meshes to approach the 3D shape recovery problem. Several models are presented to solve the challenges for shape recovery under different circumstances. When the object is hidden in an image, a PDE deformable model is designed to extract its surface shape. The algorithm uses a mesh representation so that it can model any non-smooth surface with an arbitrary precision compared to a parametric model. It is more computational efficient than a level-set approach. When the explicit geometry of the object


Phenylethylamine oxidase (EC class 1.4.3) of Arthrobacter globiformis IFO 12137 (ATCC 8010) was purified to homogeneity. The enzyme had a Mr of 141,000 and was composed of two apparently identical subunits, which had a Mr of 71,000 and contained one copper ion. The absorption spectrum of the enzyme had maxima at 280 and 480nm, and the ratio A280/A480 was 61.5. Hydrogen peroxide was formed in the oxidation of amines. The enzyme was most active and stable at pH 6.5. 2-Phenylethylamine and tyramine were the most active substrates. Several aromatic monoamines, aliphatic monoamines with 4–11 carbons, higher aliphatic diamines, and histamine were poor substrates. Benzylamine, putrescine, spermine, and spermidine were not oxidized. The Kms for 2-phenylethylamine and tyramine were 18 and 85 μm, and the Vmaxs for them were 27.1 and 26.4μmol/min/mg of enzyme, respectively. Benzyl alcohol was a noncompetitive and benzylamine was a mix-type inhibitor of the enzyme. Carbonyl-blocking reagents such as methylhydrazine, ...


Previous studies on tariff pass-through were constrained at the industry level. This paper explores tariff pass-through at the firm level, and investigates how it depends on firm heterogeneity in productivity and product differentiation in quality. Using an extended version of the Melitz and Ottaviano (2008) model, I show that exporting firms adjust both their markups and product quality in response to a tariff change, which leads to a selfadjustment of their tariff-exclusive prices and in turn an incomplete tariff pass-through; Moreover, the price self-adjustment elasticity (tariff absorption elasticity) negatively depends on firm productivity for "quality goods", with high scope for quality differentiation, but positively depends on firm productivity for "cost goods", with low scope for quality differentiation. Using the U.S. transaction-level export data and plant-level manufacturing data, I find evidence for these predictions: In response to a tariff reduction of 10 percentage points, firms on average raise their tariff-exclusive prices by 8.7 percent; All products as a whole could be described as "quality goods", and the price increase is higher for low productivity firms (12.7 percent) and lower for high productivity firms (4.4 percent); Dividing all products into "cost goods" and "quality goods" also results in estimates broadly consistent with model predictions, especially for "quality goods".


THE PRIMARY OBJECT OF THE CONGRESS WAS TO PROVIDE A VENUE FOR THE MANUFACTURERS AND THE USERS OF SNOW-CLEARING EQUIPMENT. THE CONGRESS OPENED WITH AN EXHIBITION OF MACHINES, AND THIS NOTE GIVES DETAILS OF THE MACHINES AND OF A SERIES OF TESTS FOR WHICH PURPOSE THE 200 MACHINES AND APPLIANCES WERE DIVIDED INTO NINE CATEGORIES ACCORDING TO THEIR FUNCTION. RESULTS OF THE TRIALS ARE GIVEN; OF THE STRAIGHT BLADE PLOUGHS THE BEST PERFORMANCE WAS GIVEN BY A PETER E.F. 7 PLOUGH ON AN INTERNATIONAL 230 VEHICLE, THE BEST OF THE V-PLOUGHS WAS A BIOLLER PLOUGH ON A WHITE VEHICLE; OF THE ROTARY PLOUGHS SCHMIDT PLOUGHING HEADS MOUNTED ON UNIMOG VEHICLES. THE MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT ATKINSON WAS THE ONLY SPECIALIZED GRITTING MACHINE, AND GAVE THE BEST PERFORMANCE IN THIS CLASS. /RRL/


In these pages I want to gather my reflections on two books considered in tandem--Evelyn Waugh's Brideshead Revisited (1945) and Graham Greene's The End of the Affair (1951); for these books have much in common despite their obvious topical and technical differences. I make this effort because in my opinion a strong argument can be urged-and I will eventually urge it-that these novels are their authors' best or near-best rather than the unfortunate failures which


earlier training must be broken down; the antagonistic prejudices of parents and teachers must be combatted; and a strong attitude of self-motivation must be built up. Of these three problems the last is probably the most important and an attempt at its solution is the chief concern of this article. The experiment was undertaken to see whether it were possible to take children into the laboratory and without seriously interfering with their everyday activities, form in them a desire to learn to use their non-preferred hands. The fact that they came to the laboratory, without monetary or other inducement, during the period of the experiment showed that their interest was maintained and the results would


The paper analyzes various methods for determining forces during the opening of parachutes, based on the solution of a system of differential equations of motion of a mechanical system as a material point. The parachute inflation is a complex process in which the dynamics of air currents is closely related to the dynamics of the movement of the entire mechanical system: the payload, the parachute, and the involved air masses. The main problem in calculating the process of its inflation is that it is required to determine the maximum value of the loads during inflation, taking into account unknown parameters of the air mass mition directly near the parachute system and considering the implementation features of the design of parachutes. For the first time, a synthesized method for calculating loads when inflating parachutes is presented, considering the compliance of the structure, for which two methods were combined: (1) the existing one, to determine the reduced speed of the system when inflating the parachute, and (2) the new one, to determine the coefficient of parachute dynamism under conditions of "infinite" mass.


Objective: To determine the chemical constituents from the underground parts of Iris hexagona Walter.Methods: The compounds were separated and purified by silica gel and sephadex column chromatography,and their structures were elucidated by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic methods.Results: Seven compounds were isolated from the 70% alcohol extracts,and identified as irilin B(1),tectoridin(2),trans-ferulic acid(3),syringic acid(4),vanillic acid(5),β-sitosterol(6),and β-daucosterol(7).Conclusion: All the compounds are isolated from this plant for the first time.


Inverse haiftoning is the method by which an approximation of a gray-scale image is reconstructed from a binary, halftoned version of the original. Several inverse-halftone algorithms are described, including a three-level cascade algorithm. We demonstrate that a priori knowledge of the halftone technique is not essential, but can be used if available. Finaily, we demonstrate the results of applying inverse-halftone operations to both computer synthesized and photographic images.


BACKGROUND: Involutive skin changes are an urgent problem in the modern world, which leads to the need to find a comprehensive and effective treatment method aimed at reducing the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and transforming growth factor-2 (TGF-2), which are responsible for the degradation of extracellular matrix proteins.
AIMS: Determination of the degree of influence of microneedling monotherapy, fractional laser, as well as a combination of these methods on the content of MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-12, TGF-2 in the skin of patients with involutive signs.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a single-center, prospective, parallel, non-randomized study, 82 patients with involutive changes in the facial skin took part, which were divided into 3 groups. 26 patients (Group 1) received microneedling monotherapy (3 treatments every 3 weeks), 27 patients (Group 2) received fractional laser monotherapy (3 treatments every 4 weeks) and 29 patients (Group 3) combined therapy of microneedling and fractional laser (3 procedures every 4 weeks). The study lasted 10 weeks, before and after the start of the study, a biopsy of the skin behind the ear was taken to determine the level of MMP-2, -3, -12 and TGF-2.
RESULTS: Comparative data of enzyme immunoassay with biotin monoclonal conjugates between the groups revealed a difference in the content of matrix metalloproteinases and TGF-: in group 1, there was less significant dynamics in all studied parameters compared to group 3: MMP-2 (p=0.0390), MMP-3 (p=0.0466), MMP-12 (p=0.0104) and TGF- (p=0.0080) and 2 group MMP-12 (p=0.0484) and TGF- (p=0.0367). When comparing groups 2 and 3, more significant dynamics was observed in group 3 in terms of MMP-2 (p=0.0290), MMP-12 (p=0.0511) and TGF- (p=0.0241). Thus, the most significant results were obtained in group 3.
CONCLUSION: Combined treatment using microneedling and fractional laser leads to a significant decrease in the level of MMP-2, -3, -12 and TGF-2, which allows us to consider this therapeutic complex as a promising way to correct involutive skin changes.


Abstract Diffuse midline gliomas (DMG) are aggressive paediatric brain tumors for which there is no effective treatment. Recent pre-clinical studies suggest that adoptive transfer of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells targeting the disialoganglioside antigen GD2 (GD2-CAR) has a significant therapeutic potential for H3K27M-mutant DMG. Still, some tumor cells resist to treatment suggesting that a multimodal approach may be necessary to treat more efficiently the disease. Our aim was to identify chemical compounds that, in combination with CAR T-cells, would enhance anti-tumor efficacy. After having confirmed the GD2 expression in tissue samples and patient-derived H3K27M-mutant DMG cells, we developed a high throughput cell-based assay to screen 40 kinase inhibitors in combination with T-cells expressing the GD2-CAR.CD28.4-1BB.z construct. The screening led to the identification of the dual IGF1R/IR antagonists, BMS-754807 and linsitinib, which, in combination with GD2-CAR T-cells, improved antitumor activity by 25% (p<0.0001) and 20% (p<0.0001) respectively, compared to GD2-CAR T-cells alone. The two compounds inhibited tumor cell proliferation through IGF1R/IR dependent mechanisms at a concentration which did not affect CAR T-cell expansion. Linsitinib, but not BMS-754807, decreased GD2-CAR T-cells exhaustion and increased their memory profile. Furthermore, linsitinib attenuated the expression of 10 out of 71 DMG genes involved in immunomodulation (e.g. IL33, VEGFC, STAT5A) and regulated upon tumor/CAR T-cells co-culture. Finally, we confirmed the anti-tumor activity of the new linsitinib/GD2-CAR T-cells combination strategy in a DMG H3K27M-mutant 3D culture model. Our work supports the development of IGF1R/IR inhibitors to be used in combination with GD2-CAR T-cells for H3K27M-mutant DMG therapy.


How can the enormous number of analytical experiments on adipose tissue be integrated for a better comprehension of obesity? A 'global approach' is an attempt to integrate, determine the relative importance, and give a meaning to analytical results. It starts from an hypothetical and intuitive system which must be checked experimentally. For obesity we will suggest a system which is supposed to represent the general processes implicated in the regulation of adiposity: energy expenditure, fat storage, food behaviour (Fig. I ) . Each of these three general processes has to be characterized by a set of measurable parameters which vary relative to one another under stress conditions.


This paper investigates the application of the CLEAN non–linear deconvolution method to Late Time Response (LTR) analysis for detecting multiple objects in Concealed Threat Detection (CTD). When an Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) frequency radar signal is used to illuminate a conductive target, surface currents are induced upon the object which in turn give rise to LTR signals. These signals are re-radiated from the target and the results from a number of targets are presented. The experiment was performed using double ridged horn antenna in a pseudo-monostatic arrangement. A Vector network analyser (VNA) has been used to provide the UWB Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar signal. The distance between the transmitting antenna and the target objects has been kept at 1 metre for all the experiments performed and the power level at the VNA was set to 0dBm. The targets in the experimental setup are suspended in air in a laboratory environment. Matlab has been used in post processing to perform linear and non-linear deconvolution of the signal. The Wiener filter, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) are used to process the return signals and extract the LTR features from the noise clutter. A Generalized Pencil-of-Function (GPOF) method was then used to extract the complex poles of the signal. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) have been used to classify the data.


DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2310-3833/2017/vol48n3a5 South African Journal of Occupational Therapy. 2018; 48 (3):24-30 Introduction: This study examined the convergent validity of the visual perceptual Richmond Reversal Rating (RRR) assessment, in relation to visual-spatial abilities of young school-aged children, using known-groups validity and convergent validity hypotheses testing. Methods :Seventy-two primary school children (Years 1-3) were assessed with the RRR assessment and the Spatial Awareness Skills Program Test (SASP). Results: The Kruskal-Wallis test demonstrated a significant difference between the RRR overall scores and the SAPS grouped scores, H (2) = 6.155, p = .046. Spearman's correlation coefficient revealed a low positive yet significant correlation ( r s = .433, p = .000) between the RRR overall scores and the SASP percentile scores, and a significant moderate positive correlation between the RRR overall scores and the SASP scores ( r s = .666, p = .000). The results provide evidential support for the convergent validity of the RRR assessment in relation to visual-spatial abilities as measured by the SASP. Keywords : letter reversals, number reversals, visual-spatial abilities, school based occupational therapy


This paper carries on systemic test to the capabilities of the oxygenated and esterfied multiple starch, the oxygdenated crosslinked starch and the serum and size film of the original starch. At the same time, it analyses the result of the test.


In a series of experiments upon rabbits to determine the tissue reactions to the infection by the Streptococcus viridans and having special reference to the heart, arteries, and kidneys, several sporadic examples of necrosis of the liver were encountered. Living cultures of Streptococcus fecalis, Streptococcus mitis, and Streptococcus salivarius were used. Repeated inoculations, from three to five, had been made at intervals of four days. The earliest necroses appeared in eleven days and consisted of small focal areas in the peripheral and mid-zones of the liver lobules. In them only a few cells appeared to be affected and seemed to be sporadically picked out in the midst of the liver column. Debris or the ghosts of cells, was all that remained-There appeared to be some edema in the involved area but evidence of thrombosis in the neighboring sinuses was not always demonstrable. In some instances a granular thrombus with fibrin threads was present immediately about the lesion, and at times, extended towards the central vein. Similar thrombi, however, were also observed in areas not showing necrosis. Some liver columns appeared to show change antecedent to necrosis. In them the cells showed a diminution of nuclear staining with an eosinophile character of the protoplasm. In the vicinity of these again, thromboses were wanting. Other areas again showed much more advanced necrosis involving not only focal areas but entire lobules or even several neighboring lobules. In all of these instances the necrosis involved the central and mid-zone, while some liver columns still persisted in the vicinity of the portal sheath. In these larger areas thromboses of the mixed fibrinous variety were common. The sinuses of the affected areas were irregularly involved, but not constantly, the central vein being most commonly plugged.


This paper reports effects of electrostatic interaction between amino acid and gold colloid on the intensity of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Near-infrared (NIR) excited SERS has been measured for lysine (Lys) on gold colloid at pH 10.8 and 12.0 where its e-amino group is ionized and both the α- and e-amino groups are neutralized, respectively. Note that the SERS intensity changes dramatically with pH. This result suggests that the electrostatic interaction between the positive charge of the e-NH3+ group and the negative charge of the gold surface is one of the most important factors that determine the intensities of the SERS signals. A similar SERS study has been carried out for glycine (Gly) on gold colloid at various pH values. It also suggests that the positively charged amino groups interact with the negatively charged gold surface, yielding a SERS effect. The chemical interactions are much less important for the emergence of SERS of Gly on the gold colloid.


ABSTRACT The solid solutions of Bi0.8Gd0.1Pb0.1Fe0.9Ti0.1O3 have been prepared by the solid-state reaction method. The preliminary structural studies were carried out by X-ray diffraction technique showing the formation of polycrystalline sample with ABO3 type of perovskite structure with hexagonal symmetry for the Bi0.8Gd0.1Pb0.1Fe0.9Ti0.1O3 ceramic system at room temperature. Dielectric properties and impedance study of this ceramic have been characterized in the temperature range room temperature to 375 °C and frequency range 100 Hz–1 MHz. The maximum ferroelectric transition temperature (Tc) of this system was in the range 200 °C–260 °C with the dielectric constant of peak to be ∼30,170 at 1 kHz. The complex impedance plot exhibited one impedance semicircle observed at low temperature, whereas two semicircles above 80 °C and the centres of the semicircles lie below the real axis, which indicates that the material is non-Debye type. Single semicircle is explained by the grain effect of the bulk and double semicircle is due to the bulk and grain boundary effect. The bulk resistance and grain boundary resistance of the materials decrease with the increasing temperature, showing negative temperature and a typical semiconducting property, i.e. negative temperature coefficient of resistance behaviour.


Evidence has been presented that certain EKG changes which occur during the course of insulin shock therapy are not due to the administration of insulin, per se, but are due to the fact that large amounts of glucose, a vitamin free substance, are used to rouse the patients from coma. It seems probable that the large caloric intake free of vitamin B caused a relative insufficiency, and that the EKG changes are due to the vitamin B deficiency.


The US Department of Energy (DOE) Morgantown Energy Technology Center has implemented a comprehensive program to demonstrate the technical and economic viability of coalbed methane as an energy resource. The program is directed toward solution of technical and institutional problems impeding the recovery and use of large quantities of methane contained in the nation's minable and unminable coalbeds. Conducted in direct support of the DOE Methane Recovery from Coalbeds Project, this study analyzes the economic aspects of a horizontal borehole methane recovery system integrated as part of a longwall mine operation. It establishes relationships between methane selling price and annual mine production, methane production rate, and the methane drainage system capital investment. Results are encouraging, indicating that an annual coal production increase of approximately eight percent would offset all associated drainage costs over the range of methane production rates and capital investments considered.


The design of a monitor system for the gasoline engine electronic control unit based on 32-bit high performance MPC564 was introduced.The engine monitor system has the function of data acquisition,real-time display,online parameter adjustment and data preservation.And it also has a friendly human-machine interaction interface.The system has achieved a good result in platform experiment of the engine,and provided auxiliary function for the development of engine ECU based on MPC564.


The study investigates the attributes of functional transformation occurring in the semantics of some notions that are characteristic of the current socio-political environment, including: "war", "a militant", "an extremist", "a terrorist", "a suicide attacker", "a separatist", "a rebel fighter", "an air strike", "a peacekeeper", "a refugee / refugees", and "cyber warfare". The experiment carried out within the framework of the study aimed to discover the peculiarities of perceiving the aforementioned notions by individuals a given community. Based on the results of several conclusions regarding the semantic transformation of the concepts in the present-day communicative environment were made. The article describes the qualitative and quantitative results of the testing undertaken during the experiment – the testing indicates that Russian language speakers subconsciously tend to neutralize negative connotations, which is conditioned by various socio-psychological factors and the etymology of socio-political terms.


Meiotic associations were studied at metaphase I in PMCs of autotetraploid and autotriploid plants of Russian wildrye (Psathyrostachys juncea). Autoploidy without the presence or action of the bivalentization system was demonstrated. In light of the meiotic behaviors in these autoploids, breeding strategies for Psathyrostachys juncea were suggested. Possible uses of these materials are described.


Despite the now well-established link between homelessness and mental ill health [1], little is known about whether or not the homeless mentally ill are receiving
appropriate care and support or, indeed, what is the most effective way of delivering services to them. Research in this area is needed to address, among other things,
persistent claims about how health and social services may be failing to provide adequate care for this population [2-4]. In the fIrst part of the present study (see the
preceding article), it was reported that 41 percent (165/401) of single homeless adults in Belfast had a mental health problem. A signifIcant proportion had sufficiently
poor levels of functioning and mental morbidity to suggest that they were not in contact with appropriate, if any, services or that existing provision of care was inadequate.
Here we describe part two of the study, which was undertaken to assess the health, social care, and accommodation needs of 164 residents with mental health problems, with a view to estimating and planning future service requirements.


Poly(naphthylene) is of interest, in particular, due to its intrinsic electrical conductivity. Reported here are the initial steps in the metal-catalyzed polymerization of naphthalene as observed in the gas-phase reactions of Sc+, Ti+, V+, Fe+, Co+, and Ni+ with 1-halonaphthalenes studied in a Fourier transform mass spectrometer. Sc+, Ti+, V+, and Fe+ were found to dehydrohalogenate all of the halides stepwise, to produce ions of the form M(C10H6)n+. Up to 6 steps of dehydrohalogenations were observed in the case of the reactions of Fe+ with 1-chloronaphthalene. Co+ and Ni+ exhibited similar behavior except in the case of 1-fluoronaphthalene, where only condensation products were observed. Sc+ showed unusual reactivity by also being able to eliminate C2H2, this reaction being most prominent in the case of fluoronaphthalene. Aside from dehydrohalogenations, Ti+ was found to eliminate a hydrogen atom to form TiC10H6X+ in its reactions with all of the halides. 2-Bromonaphthalene was also studied and compared...


The effects of Sigvaris graduated compression hosiery and Paroven on symptoms of superficial venous insufficiency were assessed in a prospective, randomized, crossover study. Seventy-two patients awaiting surgery for non-cosmetic symptoms associated with varicose veins received 4-week treatments in random order, namely; placebo, Paroven alone, Sigvaris graduated compression hosiery and placebo, Sigvaris graduated compression hosiery and Paroven. Symptoms were assessed before and after each treatment using linear analogue scales. No statistically significant effects were observed, but there was a consistent trend for both Paroven alone and hosiery alone to produce modest improvements in symptoms. The relief of symptoms associated with a combination of Paroven and Sigvaris graduated compression hosiery was greater than that produced by either treatment on its own.


A far-field experiment was presented to observe the SPP spectral interference and reveal the SPP contribution in the interaction between the nano-objects, and directly address the key issue of a debate raised in Nature Physics.


If a Raman line consists of several overlapping components, any attempt to perform a quantitative analysis of the wavenumber-dependent depolarization ratio ρ(ν) fails, since ρ(ν) of a composite line is not an additive function of ρ(ν) of its constituents, and for a composite line representing an envelope of i single lines, ρcomp(ν) ≠ ∑ρi(ν). This situation causes significant difficulties in the analysis of Raman spectra, especially in the case of weak lines (overtones, combination bands, etc.) situated in the close vicinity of strong fundamentals. In this paper, a specific algorithm is employed to recover isotropic and anisotropic Raman profiles. Using toluene and toluene-d8 as examples, it is shown that the ρ(ν) spectra of all components of a composite spectrum can be easily restored, facilitating the assignment of overtones, hot bands, and combination bands. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Ownership structure of national economy in Jiangsu province has four characteristics: the proportion of publicowned economy is decreasing though still prominent; privateowned economy, with its increasing weight in national economy, develops quickly and has become an important force to promote economic development; the mixed economy of various ownerships is growing; ownership structure in different regions in Jiangsu is marked by its own features. While the change of ownership structure in Jiangsu invigorates its economic development, nonpublic owned sectors still lag behind those in advanced areas. Within the industry of Jiangsu province, stateowned economy is noticeably shrinking though it is still dominant in important industries. Efficiency of stateowned enterprise is raised a bit but no fundamental changes have taken place.


Rigging is a core element in the process of bringing a 3D character to life. The rig defines and delimits the motions of the character and provides an interface for an animator with which to interact with the 3D character. The quality of the rig has a key impact on the expressiveness of the character. Creating a usable, rich, production ready rig is a laborious task requiring direct intervention by a trained professional because the goal is difficult to achieve with fully automatic methods. We propose a semi‐automatic rigging editing framework which eases the need for manual intervention while maintaining an important degree of control over the final rig. Starting by automatically generated base rig, we provide interactive operations which efficiently configure the skeleton structure and mesh skinning.


A new fringe-order identification technique for interferometric optical fibre sensors is described using dual broadband optical sources coupled with white-light interferometry. Compared with previous work, this technique enables the central (zero-order) fringe to be directly identified through its dominant amplitude, and does not require digitisation and its associated computing power. Therefore, it is suitable for coherence multiplexed quasidistributed sensors and for monitoring quickly varying measurands.


At present, there are at least two competing ideas for the topographic evolution of the Sierra Nevada. One idea is that the Sierra Nevada was formed as a monocline in the Cretaceous, marking the transition from the Great Valley forearc basin to the west, and a high Nevadaplano plateau to the east, similar to the west flank of the modern Altiplano of the Andes. Both the thermochronologic imprint of local relief and the stable isotopic evidence of a topographic rain shadow support this hypothesis. A second idea, supported by geomorphic observations, suggests that the Sierra gained a large fraction of its present elevation as recently as the Pliocene. This recent surface uplift could have been driven by convective removal of the lower part of the lithosphere, the isostatic response to Basin and Range faulting, and/or by changes in dynamic topography associated with deep subduction of the Farallon plate. Here we present the first comprehensive analysis of low-temperature thermochronology in the Sierra Nevada, which indicates that both ideas are likely correct. We show that thermochronology can resolve surface uplift as well as exhumation by measuring long-wavelength topographic evolution relative to sea level. Uplift measurements are possible whenever there is sufficient constraint on vertical rock velocity. The tilting of isochrones, defined as surfaces of equal cooling age, provide this constraint in the Sierra Nevada. Three new factors further distinguish our analysis. The first is that we allow for the local relief and the long-wavelength topography to evolve independently. Second, we use Al-in-Hb barometry to constrain the initial depth of emplacement for the Sierra Nevada plutons. Third, our analysis is tied to a sea-level datum by using the paleo-bathymetric record of the Great Valley basin, where it transitions to the Sierra Nevada batholith. Results indicate that westward tilting of the Sierra Nevada accounts for 2 km of uplift since 20 Ma. Topographic relief increased by a factor of 2. These findings suggest that the Sierra Nevada lost elevation through most of the Tertiary but regained much of its initial elevation following the onset of surface uplift in the Miocene.


This paper studies the crystallite structure characteristics of high temperature cokes of coals at 1 500 and calculates their structure coefficient by the methoed of XRD.It shows that the cokes of middle and high rank coal have the better crystallizability and higher component of C than that of the coke of low rank coal,but they have lower activity than that of the coke of low rank coal.


1 Abstract The growth of world wide web has dramatically changed our lives. Diierent tools and new techniques based on the world wide web make it possible to perform various collaborative processes and businesses: internet chatrooms, internet phones, video conferences, internet classrooms, and now electronic commerces, etc. Various research and projects have been done regarding how to surf the world wide web in diierent collaborative way and through diierent media: pictures, animations, voices, etc. In this paper, we give a case study in which we implemented a so called Collaborative Web Surrng (CWS) system. Besides others, this system has the following attractive features: 1. It supports the synchronized change of URLs. The leader can lead the surrng of web pages and other audiences will be brought to the corresponding web page that the leader is browsing automatically. 2. It supports voice chat and text chat. Diierent people can talk to one another in voice like using internet phone and in text like in internet chatroom. While the second feature is not new any more, at the point of our writing the paper, we think the rst feature is still new. We expect this system can be used in an internet course, demo or similar applications. 2 Introduction Various research and projects have been done regarding surrng the world wide web in dif


PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to compare midazolam alone (Group A: 1 mg/kg) vs midazolam plus meperidine (Group B: 0.5 and 1 mg/kg, respectively) in regard to physiology and behavior of young children sedated for dental restorative care.

METHODS
Twenty healthy children who met selection criteria were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups and subsequently treated in a prospective, crossover design. All sedative agents were administered orally, and all sedations included 50% nitrous oxide administered via a nasal hood. Heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and behavior were recorded at 8 procedural or time periods during the visits. Chi-square and ANOVA were used to analyze the data.

RESULTS
No difference in physiology or behavior was found between groups. However, higher heart rates and disruptive behaviors occurred more frequently during or after local anesthesia administration.

CONCLUSIONS
Oral midazolam alone is just as effective as midazolam with meperidine. Disruptive behaviors accounted for increased heart rates.


The aim of this paper is to describe the relationship between the derogatory function of language -as the maximum lexical expression of the language of abuse and authority- and the social values of the late Middle Ages. To this end, the Chester Cycle, a speech-based body of work, has been analysed. Given that, as many authors state, the lexicon or vocabulary is the subsystem that best transmits the connection between language and society, I have selected lexical items and phrases representing oaths, insults and expletives for the purpose of my analysis. The semantic study of the items and sequences collected reveals that the social, religious, political, economic and cultural trends of the period are manifested through the use of abusive forms of address and other linguistic expressions of self-assertion.


The real world datasets engage many challenges such as noisy data, periodic
variations on several scales and long-term trends that do not vary periodically.
Meanwhile, Neural Networks (NN) has been successfully applied in many problems
in the domain of time series prediction. The standard NN adopts computationally
intensive training algorithms and can easily get trapped into local minima. To
overcome such drawbacks in ordinary NN, this study focuses on using a wavelet
technique as a filter at the pre-processing part of the ordinary NN. However, this
study exposed towards an idea to develop a model called An Improved Multilayer
Perceptron based on Wavelet Approach for Physical Time Series Prediction (WMLP)
to overcome such drawbacks of ordinary NN. W-MLP, a network model with
a wavelet technique added in the network, is trained using the standard
backpropagation gradient descent algorithm and tested with historical temperature,
evaporation, humidity and wind direction data of Batu Pahat for 5-years-period
(2005-2009) and earthquake data of North California for 4-years-period (1995-1998).
Based on the obtained results, the proposed method W-MLP yields better
performance compared to the existing filtering techniques. Therefore, it can be
concluded that the proposed W-MLP can be an alternative mechanism to ordinary
NN for a one-step-ahead prediction of those five events.


We present the results of a 2.5‐D (2‐D in space and 3‐D in currents and electromagnetic fields) electromagnetic hybrid simulation run for foreshock wave activity during an interval of a radial interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). The simulation predicts nonlinear waves and foreshock expansion in connection with the development of cavitons and the formation of the foreshock compressional boundary. Fluctuations of the ion velocity VY component are associated with wave fronts corresponding to small wave normal angles and oscillate around 0 in the far upstream region. At distances closer to the bow shock, these fluctuations become asymmetric with duskward flow perturbations dominating at dusk and dawnward flow perturbations at dawn. We compare this simulation with THEMIS observations of large‐amplitude quasi‐monochromatic variations of ion velocity in the foreshock under radial IMF. A case study of simultaneous dual observations of unipolar VY fluctuations is followed by a statistical study of similar solar wind deflections in the foreshock. The observations that confirm the simulation predictions indicate that, in addition to ion heating, ultralow‐frequency waves participate in the magnetosheath‐like plasma flow deflection in the foreshock during periods of small IMF cone angles.


An application of the Chinese medicine prepared from red sage root, notoginseng and borneol in preparing the medicines for treating multi-organ injury caused by metabolic syndrome is disclosed.


Gold nanorod-based affinity sensors were developed utilizing concanavalin-A/dextran/glucose chemistry to detect glucose. The gold nanorods, synthesized using the seed-mediated method, were first coated with dextran sulfate. The dextran sulfate coating changed the local refractive index, which was observed as a red shift in the longitudinal plasmon band. After the addition of 8 μM concanavalin-A, gold nanorod aggregates were formed as shown by TEM analysis. The corresponding UV-Vis spectrum peak wavelength showed a red shift from 701 nm of dextran sulfate coated gold nanorods to 718 nm of concanavalin-A promoted gold nanorod aggregates. The gold nanorod aggregates were dissociated when 12 mM glucose was introduced, as illustrated by TEM images. The longitudinal plasmon resonance of the UV-Vis spectrum also showed a blue shift from 718 nm of dextran sulfate-coated gold nanorods associated by concanavalin-A to 714 nm of dissociated dextran sulfate-coated gold nanorods. The degree of the spectrum peak wavelength shift of the dextran sulfate-coated gold nanorods associated by concanavalin-A can be modulated using glucose ranging from 1 to 30 mM.


Since the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, existing influenza surveillance systems, platforms, and capacities have been leveraged for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus detection, reporting, risk assessment, and sharing of virus materials and data. This article reviews the contributions made and addresses some of the future challenges and plans for the Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS) and associated influenza surveillance systems.


ABSTRACT The recent developments of the economic theory suggest that due attention to territorial context increases efficiency and improves delivery of the policies. This in turn calls for better linkages between spatial and socio-economic efforts. The paper analyses the concept of policy territorialization and proposes policy tools for that purpose. The relevant theoretical models are used, mainly evolutionary economics and new economic geography. The key outcome is a set of territorial keys supposed to enhance territorial approach in developmental policies. Also some plausible ways of making use of those keys are proposed and then tested using Polish territory as a case study.


The aggregation of misfolded proteins in cells is controlled by chaperones including the small Hsp, Hsp70 and Hsp100. We have investigated the spatio‐temporal features of the aggregation of fluorescently labeled thermolabile proteins in heat‐treated bacteria and yeast cells. In bacteria, aggregates are almost exclusively deposited at the poles; upon cell division the old pole is the preferred site of aggregation. Membrane associated thermolabile proteins form aggregates along the longitudinal axis of the cell, and can serve as seed to relocalise aggregation‐prone proteins of the cytosol to the membrane. Upon heat treatment major components of the chaperone machinery of the cell almost completely relocalise to the aggregates. This occurs in a hierarchical fashion with distinct kinetics for each chaperone. Moreover, the relocalisation of some chaperones is prerequisite for the relocalisation of others. Mechanistic details of the disaggregation process by the ClpB/DnaK bi‐chaperone system will be provided. In yeast, the aggregation of thermolabile proteins initially occurs at multiple locations. During recovery typically 1‐2 prominent deposits are remaining, reminiscent of those identified recently by J. Frydman et al. We identified a role for some chaperones in the formation of these aggregates, indicating that chaperones are implicated in the cellular compartmentalisation of aggregates.


The experiment method on sensorless speed estimation in DC motor and three special cases of DC motor with different number of poles and different number of commutator bars were presented.The results showed that there were two cases in accordance with the existing formula,but one case was not consistent with it.If the factor of number of pole-pairs was removed from the formula,all the three cases could be accordance with it.The results implyed that there were conflict in deep levels need be revealed.


EVERY FALL SINCE 1987, THE AMERican Chemical Society has come together like it does at no other time of the year. This year, thousands of volunteers from all 189 local sections combined their efforts with the chemical industry and ACS staff to put on activities and events nationwide in celebration of National Chemistry Week (NCW). Sponsored by ACS's Membership Division, NCW is designed to expand the public's understanding of the role and importance of chemistry in their daily lives. NCW, which took place from Oct. 19 to Oct. 25, aimed high this year with the theme "Earth's Atmosphere and Beyond!" That motif was chosen, in part, because 2003 marks the centennial of Wilbur and Orville Wright's historic first flight at Kitty Hawk, N.C., which occurred on Dec. 17. The national efforts this October garnered some unique recognition from Congress. On Oct. 28, Rep. Rush Holt (D-NJ.) introduced to the House of Representatives, with support from ...


A nurse in a postpartum unit of a Catholic hospital asks for guidance on what to do when a new mother asks about contraception since some physicians disapprove of contraception education. The respondent stresses that addressing patients needs for information is an important element of quality nursing. Providing requested information on family planning is heeding the ethical principle of beneficence which allows the patient to make informed choices and therefore to practice autonomy another ethical principle. Based on the above the nurse needs to determine whether an official hospital or unit policy on birth control teaching exists. If a policy which prevents her from teaching birth control exists she must proceed through institutional channels to contest the policy. She should consult her immediate supervisor to find out the required steps. The nurse is probably not the only nurse in the unit who has reservations about not being able to teach birth control. So she should comment on the policy at a staff meeting which may lead to her and her colleagues developing a plan to modify the policy. If there is no formal policy the nurse should learn why some physicians object to teaching about family planning. Possible reasons are personal beliefs or an unwritten de-facto policy. Some physicians may want to teach mothers about family planning themselves. Others may want to control what patients hear so they can influence patients to use only certain contraceptive methods. The nurse could ask curious patients what methods they have discussed with their physician. If she cannot change physicians attitudes or the hospital policy she could put a note on the outside of patients charts to inform physicians about patients family planning concerns. She could also refer them to the local Planned Parenthood clinic.


9086KRAS and P53 Mutations and FDG-PET as a Measure of Glycolytic Activity in Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Background: Early data suggests metabolic reprograming as a mechanism d...


The paper applied the mobile GIS into the forest administration work in order to solve problems of management.According to the actual condition,the paper integreted the GPS card into the PDA,realized the communication between the GPS and PDA software through NEMA-0183 protocol and serial interface.The personnel could patrol according to the setting of administration coordinate and path,which realized the acquisition,storage and navigation of patrol coordinate.


New procedures are proposed for implicit dynamic analysis using the finite element method. The main aim is to give stable solutions with significant rigid-body motions, in particular rotations. In contrast to most conventional approaches, the time-integration strategy is closely linked to the 'element technologies' with the latter involving a form of co-rotational procedure. For the undamped situation, one of the solution procedures leads to an algorithm that exactly conserves energy when constant external forces are applied (i.e. with gravity loading).


Tumors and tumor cell lines from two patients with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) (one with and one without hyponatremia) were studied. Ectopic production and prohormone processing of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) were investigated to determine if a biologically active peptide was produced in a tumor cell line from a patient with hyponatremia and no evidence of arginine vasopressin (AVP) production.


In this thesis, a proof of concept receiver system operating from 14.5 to 20 GHz for the MeerKAT Radio Telescope is presented. MeerKAT is a 64 element telescope antenna array consisting of offset-fed Gregorian reflector antennas with a 13.5 m main reflector and 3.8 m sub-reflector. Currently, the MeerKAT is planned to operate up to 14.5 GHz. However, the reflector surface accuracy of 0.6 mm RMS achieved for the MeerKAT potentially allows it to operate at much higher frequencies. The system design consists of a feed horn antenna and front-end down conversion receiver ready for integration with back-end digital signal processing. The antenna design was carried out using electromagnetic simulation software and system level simulation software was used for the front-end receiver. A single polarization wide-axially corrugated horn with low side-lobes and cross-polarization has been designed for the proof of concept with a predicted aperture efficiency of 60% including surface accuracy loss when illuminating the MeerKAT reflector. The measured results for the antenna show a return loss better than 15 dB in the operational band and boresight gain of 12 dB. The measured Eand H-plane cross-polarization for the antenna is lower than -40 dB. The measured edge taper at the halfsubtended angle of the sub-reflector is between -11.8 dB and -13.2 dB. The front-end receiver was designed to use a single down-conversion stage to a 4.5 GHz IF with an instantaneous bandwidth of 2.5 GHz to be bandpass sampled at 6 Giga-samples per second (GSPS). The receiver was designed using off-the-shelf connectorized modules and custom designed microstrip filters for image rejection and anti-aliasing. Laboratory measurements of the receiver show a maximum gain of 76 dB, 40 dB image rejection and 27 dB spurious free dynamic range (SFDR). The simulated noise figure of the system using the measured noise figure of the LNA is 1.74 dB. The measured gain flatness of the receiver is ±7 dB due to poor performance of one of the amplifier modules used in the system.


Microstrip antennas are versatile candidates for the modern broadband wireless applications because of their numerous advantages [1]. Yet most conventional geometries typically have narrow bandwidth, which limits their use in several applications. However it has been shown by several researchers that the bandwidth of microstrip antenna can be significantly improved by altering its basic configuration. These alterations include, increasing the height (or thickness) of the substrate, cutting slots in the basic shapes, changing the shape of the geometry, or using multi-layer techniques [2]. Bandwidth enhancement can also be achieved by modifying the feed networks (elements) such as meandered probe or changing the probe to L-shape or by reactive loading [3]. Many of these have relatively complex assembly, which in some cases is contrary to the fundamental attraction of microstrip antennas. This group has reported a simple modification to the feed arrangement by which the impedance bandwidth of the antenna (S11<-10dB) could be enhanced to 50% [4]. It is well known that the bandwidth enhancement can be achieved by increasing the overall height of the dielectric medium. However this introduces the large probe inductance, which could be cancelled out by the capacitive feed strip placed parallel to one of the radiating edges of the patch. Although suspended configurations are simple to implement and offer numerous advantages, the use of air gap increases the height/volume of the antenna which is undesired in several (compact) applications. In this work we propose a design that uses small air gap for the similar antenna designs reported earlier. The antenna developed here is suitable for various wireless applications like ISM (2.4-2.5 GHz), PCS cellular spectrum widely licensed across the US at 1.9 GHz, broadband wireless commercial service delivery in US (2.3GHz) etc. The basic design of the antenna is presented in the next section. Its design starts with the selection of center frequency as the design approach can be easily scaled to any frequency of interest [4]. Simulation studies to determine the dimensions of the key design parameters and the slot are presented in Section 3. Experimental validations are presented in the later part of Section 3. Conclusions of this study are given in Section 4.


The purpose of this research paper is to examine and investigate customer confidence toward internet banking. It defines the quality factors and other factors for looking at these areas, reviews some recent related literatures and explores areas of overlapping interest.


In this paper, a novel approach of linear retro-directive antenna array using 90deg hybrids is proposed. Three-element and four-element passive retro-directive array with experimental results are presented. The measured patterns demonstrate that the main beam is aligned with the incident angle. This approach can be implemented as an arbitrary odd-number and even-number linear retro-directive antenna array


Purpose: This study was done to investigate the correlation of uncertainty, coping and health-promoting behavior in patients with gastric cancer who have undergone a gastrectomy. Methods: A descriptive correlational design was used and the participants were 120 gastric cancer patients from one general hospital. The structured questionnaire included Mishle's Uncertainty in Illness Scale, the Korean Cancer Coping Questionnaire, and the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. Results: There were significant negative correlations between uncertainty and intrapersonal coping (r=-.657, p<.001); between uncertainty and interpersonal coping (r=-.223, p=.014); and between uncertainty and health promoting behavior (r=-.594, p <.001). There were significant positive correlations between intrapersonal coping and health promoting behavior (r=.790, p<.001); and between interpersonal coping and health promoting behavior (r=.502, p <.001). Uncertainty, intrapersonal coping, and interpersonal coping explained 49% of health promoting behavior (F=21.312, p<.001). The factors that influenced health promoting behavior were intrapersonal coping (β=.582, p<.001), and interpersonal coping (β=.246, p<.001). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that intrapersonal coping and interpersonal coping were significant variables for health promoting behavior in patients with gastric cancer who had undergone a gastrectomy in the past six months.


Patient preparation process for surgery is one of the strategic control points in hospitals, which can improve the patient satisfaction and increase the quality of provided services. This study aimed to determine the impact of pre-surgery consultation unit startup on waiting time before surgery and cancellation of surgery.
Methods: This cross-sectional and analytical study was conducted in an Eye Hospital in Tehran. The study population included patients hospitalized for cataract surgery at Farabi Hospital in Tehran City, Iran. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire containing information about the participants' gender, age, waiting time, cancellation of surgery, and length of stay. Data were analyzed by SPSS18 using Mann-Whitney and Chi-Square tests.
Results: Pre-surgery consultation unit startup was able to significantly reduce the patient waiting time before surgery (P-value 0.05).
Conclusion: Considering the reduction of patients' waiting time as one of the key indicators in eye surgery, preoperative consultation process and other effective processes should be improved to maximize benefits of establishing a preoperative consultation unit at Farabi Hospital.


Phenol-formaldehyde resin is used as the most adhesive to produce waterproof plant-based composite. However, this product contains phenol and formaldehyde which can be easily released to pollute air and water. Based on the single-factor method, the effect of nano BaCO3 on situabtion of pyrolytic reaction of PF resin was studied by Py-GC/MS. There were components including carbon dioxide, D,.alpha.-tocopherol, 1,3-bis(trimethylsilyl) benzene, phenol from PF resin in 590(see manuscript) He gas. However, the 17 compounds including phenol, 2-methyl-, phenol, carbon dioxide, p-xylene, toluene, phenol, 2-ethyl-, phenol, 2,3-dimethyl-, benzene, 1,2,3-trimethyl-, etc were identified by Py-GC/MS after PF/BaCO3 composite was pyrolyzed in 590(see manuscript) He gas, and phenol and phenol derivants were found in the compounds. The result showed that nano BaCO3 could effectively delay the pyrolysis of PF resin.


Summary form only given. We present a study on the photoexcitation mechanism of poly-3-alkylthiophenes by using photoinduced absorption and photoconductivity. We study the photoinduced absorption under steady state and far from steady state conditions for the polymers dissolved in several organic solvents. A reversible photo-doping process accounts for the properties of Ihe photoexcitations in solution which differ from the photoexcitations observed in solid state polymers. While in the solids charge inter-chain hopping occurs, in solution a charge transfer from the photoexcited polymer and the solvent takes place. The lifetimes of the excitations and their mechanism of recombination is analyzed through their chop frequency and pump intensity dependency. The photoinduced polymer-solvent charge transfer has been also studied by transient photoconductivity.


The effects of Sahyangsohapwon on the affective reactivity of rats were studied with open-field behavior. Sample group was treated with the medicine for 8 weeks, whereas control group was treated with the vehicle. The effects of Sahyangsohapwon on the enhancement of learning and memory of AD model rats were studied with two-way avoidance task. Sample group electrically lesioned on nbM(nucleus basalis of Meynert) was treated with the medicine for 8 weeks, whereas control group with nbM lesion and sham group with the sham operation were treated with the vehicle. 1. In the open-field behavior task, the start latency from start box was measured 27.08±7.51sec in control group,. 23.15±5.98sed in sample group. Rats in sample group showed a tendency of shortedned latency going out to a strange place compared with those in control group, but with no statistical significance(p〉0.05). 2. In the open-field behavior task, the number of locomotion crossing the grid lines was measured 84.54±3.55 in control group, 116.93±6.41 in sample group. There was an increased locomotion in sample group compared with control group with statistical significance(p〈0.01). This can be interpreted as rats in sample group showed lowerd anxiety under a strange environment. 3. In the open-field behavior task, the rearing number was measured 7.46±0.57 in control group, 10.13±0.95 in sample group. There was an increased rearing in sample group compared with control group with statistical significance(p〈0.05). This can also be interpreted as rats in sample group showed lowerd anxiety under a strange environment. 4. In the open-field behavior task, the number of crossing behavior was measured 5.54±1.50 in control group, 9.20±1.67 in sample group. There was a increasing tendency of crossing behavior in sample group compared with control group, but with no statistical significance(p〈0.05). 5. In the open-field behavior task, the total activity was measured 97.54±4.70 in control group, 136.27±792 in sample group. There was an increased total activity in sample group compared with control group with statistical significance(p〈0.01). This can also be interpreted as rats in sample group showed lowerd anxiety under a strange environment. 6. In the analysis of effects on the learning and memory in AD model rats with two-way avoidance task, the response latency was measured 6717±134msec in the 1st session, 5416±160msec in the 2nd session, 5252±148msec in the 3rd session in control group. It was measured 6724±155msec in the 1st session, 4642±139msec in the 2nd session, 4914±148msec in the 3rd session in sample group and 4357±144msec in the 1st session, 3125±115msec in the 2nd session, 3091±98msec in the 3rd session in sham group. There were differences between sham group and nbM lesioned groups with statistical significance in post hoc analysis(p〈0.000). And in the 2nd session, there was a reduction of latency on sample group compared with control group with statistical significance (p〈0.000). This showed that sample group had better learning capacity than control group. 7. In the analysis of effects on the learning and memory in AD model rats with two-way avoidance task, the number of avoidance response was measured 5.85±1.41 in the 1st session, 14.23±2.89 in the 2nd session, 15.69±2.56 in the 3rd session in control group. It was measured 7.92±1.94 in the 1st session, 16.83±2.29 in the 2nd session, 15.42±2.81 in the 3rd session in sample group and 14.38±1.62 in the 1st session, 22.88±0.89 in the 2nd session, 23.88±1.64 in the 3rd session in sham group. There were differences between sham group and nbM lesioned groups with statistical significance in post hoc analysis(p〈0.001). But between control and sample group, there was no significant difference. With the experimental results above, Sahyangsohapwon can be supposed to have the enhancing effects on the affect reactivity and learning with memory of AD model rats induced by el


From a financial perspective, working capital represents the liquidity of firms that makes them able to deal with short-term liabilities in current assets (inventories, receivables accounts, and net financial resources). However, this concept is also considered in scientific literature as, among other meanings, stock of productive capital, or variables costs. Considering the importance of working capital in a firms' dynamics, the principal objective of this study is to highlight the main gaps and insights in literature concerning working capital and to suggest future research. For this purpose, bibliometric analysis was carried out through bibliographic information from both the Web of Science Core Collection and from the Scopus for the topic of "working capital". These data were first worked through bibliometric approaches, considering the VOSviewer and Gephi software and later surveyed through a literature review. As the main insights, it is worth highlighting that there are several gaps in related literature, where the most worrying is the weak reference to sustainability or sustainable development concepts. Finally, the majority of the networked research was focused on just a few authors, organizations, and countries.


Significance Stem cells not only initiate organs, but may also contribute to organ patterning, at least in the shoot apex of flowering plants: classical microsurgical experiments imply that the shoot apical meristem promotes development of the leaf adaxial side, i.e., the upper side. In this study, we show the existence of a transient low auxin zone in the adaxial side that contributes to adaxial development. We further find that this adaxial low auxin zone results from auxin transport from leaves to the shoot apex. Thus, it is not a positive signal from stem cells, but departure of a signaling molecule from primordia to stem cells, that delivers polarity information—opposite to what is generally assumed. Stem cells are responsible for organogenesis, but it is largely unknown whether and how information from stem cells acts to direct organ patterning after organ primordia are formed. It has long been proposed that the stem cells at the plant shoot apex produce a signal, which promotes leaf adaxial-abaxial (dorsoventral) patterning. Here we show the existence of a transient low auxin zone in the adaxial domain of early leaf primordia. We also demonstrate that this adaxial low auxin domain contributes to leaf adaxial-abaxial patterning. The auxin signal is mediated by the auxin-responsive transcription factor MONOPTEROS (MP), whose constitutive activation in the adaxial domain promotes abaxial cell fate. Furthermore, we show that auxin flow from emerging leaf primordia to the shoot apical meristem establishes the low auxin zone, and that this auxin flow contributes to leaf polarity. Our results provide an explanation for the hypothetical meristem-derived leaf polarity signal. Opposite to the original proposal, instead of a signal derived from the meristem, we show that a signaling molecule is departing from the primordium to the meristem to promote robustness in leaf patterning.


A computer-intensive significance test for estimated power spectra of cyclic sedimentary successions is presented. This simple method requires no more than a few minutes in computer time for a PC-486, and does not require distributional assumptions. It is suitable for all the spectral analysis approaches used in practice. Moreover, good performance is achieved with relatively short stratigraphical series. The method is similar to a permutation test that has been successfully applied to other statistical problems. In the proposed application of the permutation test to the spectral analysis of time series, the data of a stratigraphic sequence are ordered at random (random permutation) and the power spectrum is estimated by the given approach. The process is repeated many times (e.g. 1000 times) and thus it is possible to assess the statistical significance of the power spectrum of the original sequence for each frequency. Simulation results and the application to real data are shown in order to discuss the performance of the method. fl 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.


Obiective To observe clinical effect of treating patients with chronic gastritis with Banxiaxiexin decoction combined with western medicine. Methods 65 patients with chronic gastritis were randomly recurited into a control group and a treatment group. The control group was treated with western medicine, and the treatment group was treated with Banxiaxiexin decoction combined with western medicine. The therapeutic effects and adverse reaction were observed in both groups. Results The therapeutic effect in the treatment group were significantly better than that of the control group, with P<0.05. While the adverse reaction of the treatment group was markedly lower than that of the control group. Conclusion Banxiaxiexin decoction combined with western medicine therapy has better effects in treating patients with chronic gastritis than exclusive western medicine.

Key words:
Chronic gastritis;  Banxiaxiexin decoction


A highly attractive idea to overcome shortcomings of both Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and large eddy simulation (LES) equations is the implementation of LES capability in RANS models. However, this approach faces questions regarding (i) the measurement of resolved motion and equivalence of various equations having the same resolution, (ii) the continuous variation of resolved and modeled motion under grid variations, and (iii) the explanation of how resolved motion and scaling variables in LES depend on the grid. Corresponding analytical results (addressing the resolution measurement, equivalence of equations, and resolution control) are reported, and grid effects (including the scaling of computational cost) are discussed.A highly attractive idea to overcome shortcomings of both Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and large eddy simulation (LES) equations is the implementation of LES capability in RANS models. However, this approach faces questions regarding (i) the measurement of resolved motion and equivalence of various equations having the same resolution, (ii) the continuous variation of resolved and modeled motion under grid variations, and (iii) the explanation of how resolved motion and scaling variables in LES depend on the grid. Corresponding analytical results (addressing the resolution measurement, equivalence of equations, and resolution control) are reported, and grid effects (including the scaling of computational cost) are discussed.


In this paper we consider an \begin{document}$ n $\end{document} dimensional piecewise smooth dynamical system. This system has a co-dimension 2 switching manifold \begin{document}$ \Sigma $\end{document} which is an intersection of two hyperplanes \begin{document}$ \Sigma_1 $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ \Sigma_2 $\end{document} . We investigate the relation between periodic orbit of PWS system and periodic orbit of its double regularized system. If this PWS system has an asymptotically stable sliding periodic orbit(including type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ), we establish conditions to ensure that also a double regularization of the given system has a unique, asymptotically stable, periodic orbit in a neighbourhood of \begin{document}$ \gamma $\end{document} , converging to \begin{document}$ \gamma $\end{document} as both of the two regularization parameters go to \begin{document}$ 0 $\end{document} by applying implicit function theorem and geometric singular perturbation theory.


Summary. Regions of plateau uplift such as western USA and East Africa are known to be in isostatic equilibrium as a result of hot, low density regions in the underlying upper mantle. The combined effect of the excess topography and upthrust of the low density region below it causes deviatoric stresses to occur in the intervening region. These stresses have been investigated by finite element analysis. Assuming a purely elastic model, the horizontal deviatoric tension is about 20 MPa (200 bar) in the crust beneath a compensated plateau uplift of 2 km, with stress differences in the mantle dying off towards the base of the low density region. If the lithosphere is more realistically modelled by an upper elastic layer above a viscoelastic region, then the equilibrium deviatoric stresses are much larger in the elastic part of the crust, reaching about 100 MPa (1 kbar) if the elastic layer is 10 km thick. A smalI finite strength in the viscoelastic region has little effect on the equilibrium stresses. The value of the viscosity does not much affect the equilibrium. Such a stress system may explain the Occurrence of graben formation, dyke intrusion, and possibly continental splitting, within the setting of a hot upper mantle with associated domal uplift.


Abstract : The long-term goals of this research are to understand the dynamics of ocean circulation near continental margins, with emphasis on western boundary current systems and circulation and exchange processes in marginal seas.


NASA Tech Briefs, January 2008 pellet width, only a thin outer layer is utilized effectively. A TiO2 loading of 13 weight percent has been found to result in the best removal of Hg, both with and without ultraviolet light. Humidity has been found to impede adsorption, thereby reducing the overall Hg-removal efficiency. An examination of the effects of flow velocity revealed that adsorption is the rate-limiting step, suggesting a need to improve mass-transfer characteristics to obtain better performance. This work was done by David Mazyck, Danielle Londeree, Chang-Yu Wu, Kevin Powers, and Erik Pitoniak of the University of Florida for Johnson Space Center. In accordance with Public Law 96-517, the contractor has elected to retain title to this invention. Inquiries concerning rights for its commercial use should be addressed to: University of Florida, Environmental Engineering 306 Black Hall Gainesville, FL 32611 Refer to MSC-23624, volume and number of this NASA Tech Briefs issue, and the page number.


Ninety drivers drove a city route under closely controlled conditions. Driver behaviors were scored and the vehicle was instrumented to record variables relevant to fuel economy. Fuel economy was related largely to average speed and number of variations in speed. Of the driver performance variables, only following distance related to fuel economy. Leaving adequate headway is a strategy that should result in both a saving in fuel and greater safety.


A physical performance evaluation can inform fall risk in older people, however, the predictiveness of a one‐time assessment is limited. The trajectory of physical performance over time has not been well characterized and might improve fall prediction. We aimed to characterize trajectories in physical performance and determine if fall prediction improves using trajectories of performance.


Philosophy Now 21 as a means of 'diagnosing' philosophic ailments. Engaging with themes and thinkers in the analytic tradition, such as Gottlob Frege, Donald Davidson, Gareth Evans, and Michael Dummett, McDowell's approach consists of "exposing mistaken assumptions in pictures which have held us captive in their grip and, once we have realized the error of our way of seeing things, it puts forward new pictures" (S.M. Dingli, On Thinking and the World, 2005, p.195). For example, in his book Mind and World (1996), McDowell says that if we picture the conceptual realm as an expanse bounded by the implications of experience, we will expect justification to reach beyond that fabric, thus attempting the impossible. Notice that this refutation is made by means of images, not arguments. Judged by the quantity of scholarly attention he has received, McDowell is a successful philosopher. However, in Reading McDowell (N.S. Smith, ed., 2002), Crispin Wright fears that McDowell might be bringing back "barriers of jargon, convolution, and metaphor" which Wright thinks have been absent since "the academic professionalization of the subject." In an attempt to safeguard "the care and rigor which we try to instill into our students," Wright warns those students that "McDowell is a strong swimmer, but his stroke is not to be imitated." McDowell's response in the same book is: "If analytic philosophy prohibits imagery except for rare special effect, and precludes letting the full import of a term... emerge gradually in the course of using it, as opposed to setting down a definition at the start, I do not care if I am not an analytic philosopher." McDowell is clearly unfazed by the fact that Wright "drums [him] out of the regiment of analytic philosophers" – an amused expression he borrows from Richard Rorty, "who of course often gets his epaulettes slashed off." "I hope there will always be, included in philosophy, a kind of literature which I could not by any possibility write." C. I. Lewis, The Philosophy of C. I. Lewis (1968), ed. P.A. Schilpp.


Mixing in the Bay of Bengal, driven by altimetry derived daily geostrophic surface currents, is studied on subseasonal timescales. Hovm{\"o}ller and wavenumber-frequency diagrams with power spectra confirm the multiscale nature of the flow. Advection of bands immediately brings out the chaotic nature of mixing in the Bay via repeated straining and filamentation of the tracer field. A principal finding is that mixing is local, i.e., of the scale of the eddies, and does not span the entire basin. Indeed, Finite Time Lyapunov Exponent (FTLE), Relative Dispersion (RD) and Finite Size Lyapunov Exponents (FSLE) maps in all seasons are patchy with minima scattered through the interior of the Bay. Non-uniform stirring of the Bay is reflected in long tailed histograms of FTLEs, that become more stretched for longer time intervals. Quantitatively, advection for a week shows the mean FTLE lies near 0.15-0.16 $day^{-1}$, while extremes reach almost 0.5 $day^{-1}$. Averaged over the Bay, RD initially grows exponentially, this is followed by a power-law at scales between approximately 100 and 250 $km$, which finally transitions to an eddy-diffusive regime. These findings are confirmed by FSLEs; in addition, below 250 $km$, a scale dependent diffusion coefficient is extracted, while above 250 $km$, eddy-diffusivities range from $6 \times 10^3$ - $10^4$ $m^2/s$. Finally, with satellite salinity data, these Lagrangian tools are used in the analysis a single post-monsoonal fresh water mixing event. Here, FTLEs and FSLEs allow the identification of transport barriers, and elucidate how eddies help preserve the identity of fresh water.


This paper discusses attribute extraction,and makes some analysis of the related researches about it.The paper gives specific discussion about attribute extraction on these aspects: the research hotspot,extracted objects,extracted methods and evaluation forms,so as to reflect the current situation of study on attribute extraction at home and abroad,and to provide references for further research of attribute extraction.


In Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks, Routes May Be Disconnected Due To Dynamic Movement Of Nodes. Such Networks Are More Vulnerable To Both Internal And External Attacks Due To Presence Of Adversarial Nodes. These Nodes Affect The Performance Of Routing Protocol In Ad-Hoc Networks. So, It Is Essential To Identify The Neighbours In A MANET. The Proposed Scheme Identifies A Neighbour And Verifies Its Position Effectively.


iso-tonic with sea water, fixed in 70% ethanol, dissected and studiedunder the stereomicroscope. The radula was extracted andmounted for SEM.The shell, of 4 mm length, with about 5 teleoconch whorls andan eroded protoconch of about 3 whorls, matched the originaldescription, and was covered by a thin, light brown perio-stracum.The head-foot, mantle and visceral mass of the living animalwas golden yellow, with scattered, minute, white spots that weredense on the margin of the foot and the base of the cephalic tentacles (Fig. 1A, B). The hypobranchial gland, yellow with narrow transverse black bands on its anterior part, lay on theright side of the mantle, encompassing the last whorl of theteleoconch. The head possessed a pair of relatively long ceph-alic tentacles with well-developed black eyes at the base; the pro-boscis was rather short. A relatively deep transverse groove ranalong the anterior margin of the foot, and the posterior end of the foot was tapered and slightly bilobed with a short mid-longitudinal slit. A short cylindrical tentacle with an annularthickening at the base was located on the midline of the dorsalsurface of the anterior propodium. This tentacle may be sensory, since the animal, while creeping, retracted andstretched it and changed its orientation. The round operculumwas paucispiral, thin and transparent and covered the wholemetapodial sole.Within the buccal apparatus were a pair of fragile lateral jaws,more or less semicircular in outline, minutely serrated on theconvex cutting edge and with a reticulate pattern on the surface.Chitinous stylets were absent. The radula (Fig. 1C, D) had alarge number (not determined) of slender teeth with long, thinbasal shafts and from three to six pointed cusps. The distal cuspwas the largest and bent upwards, appearing sinusoid in lateralview; the next two cusps were more or less equally developedand slightly curved upwards (especially the subdistal one), andthe basal cusps shorter and less curved.The animal moved freely on the polyps of


Wearable sensor technology has the potential to
transform healthcare. The investigation and testing of
sensors in the commercial sector offer insight into
ways to leverage biometric data, to improve
individual health through the better products and to
advance the public good through research.
However, research with wearable sensor data must
be done in a manner that is respectful of ethical
considerations and privacy. Not only will the
processes that govern this research define the
potential public good derived from wearables, they
will encourage user trust in wearables and promote
participation. The research and development (R&D)
teams at companies are not just engines of innovation
but also have the potential to be an important part of
our social infrastructure. The Center for Democracy
& Technology (CDT) embarked on a yearlong
partnership with Fitbit. CDT gained rare access to
the company's data policies and practices to build
recommendations on privacy and ethics.


Acknowledgements Chapter One: Introduction Chapter 2: Constructing the Cornerstone: The Role of Legal Tradition in Shaping State Policy Toward International Law Chapter 3: The Common Law: Legal Culture, Courts, and the Continuity of Policy in the United States and Australia Chapter 4: The Civil Law: History and Nationalism in Germany and Turkey Chapter 5: Religious Legal Traditions: The Role of Islam in Shaping Policy in Egypt and Saudi Arabia Chapter 6: Mixed Legal Traditions: The Impact of Custom and Colonialism in India and Kenya Chapter 7: East Asian Legal Tradition: Confucius, Communism, and Community in China and Japan Chapter 8: Conclusion Notes Bibliography Index


In CAN bus,the nomal communication of CAN network is guaranteed by bit timing and synchronization mechanism.So the design of bit timing and synchronization mechanism is one of difficulties in CAN controller design.A design of CAN bus bit timing and synchronization mechanism is presented in this paper,which is based on the research of bit timing and synchronization mechanism.The block diagram of the design is presented and expained in detail.The design is implemented by verilog HDL.The code of this design is simulated by the EDA tools of QuartusⅡ 7.0.Through the analysis,the design conforms to the specification of CAN 2.0 and implements the bit timing and synchronization.The correctness of the design is also verified.


Abstract Consider a financial market with nonnegative semimartingales which does not need to have a numéraire. We are interested in the absence of arbitrage in the sense that no self-financing portfolio gives rise to arbitrage opportunities, where we are allowed to add a savings account to the market. We will prove that in this sense the market is free of arbitrage if and only if there exists an equivalent local martingale deflator which is a multiplicative special semimartingale. In this case, the additional savings account relates to the finite-variation part of the multiplicative decomposition of the deflator.


The paper analyzes statistical and descriptively the data resulted from a survey carried out with 248 families residing in the municipalities of Vitoria, Cariacica and Vila Velha, whose children were enrolled in full-time early childhood education institutions. It aims to categorize the ethnic and socioeconomic status of the families interviewed; to identify the motivations that lead families to enroll their children in full-time early childhood education institutions and to analyze the set of factors of a social, economic and educational nature about the full-time program in early childhood education that have excelled in the answers of the families. The results identify as an ethnical and socioeconomic profile that most of the family members are black and present low schooling levels and low monthly household income. The need to work is the families main motivation to enroll children in full-time program schools. It's concluded that there's the acknowledgement from the family that the broadening of the length of stay in the institution contributes to increase possibilities of access to the formal schooling processes, in particular the learning of reading and writing, as well as it enables the socialization with other children.


Stability of contacts in shallow junction devices against high current density is a reliability issue for very large scale integration technology. We have observed a strong polarity effect on failure at nickel and nickel silicide contacts on both n- and p-type Si under high stress conditions. In a pair of cathode and anode contacts the Ni/n+-Si contact pair fails at the anode, while the Ni/p+-Si pair fails at the cathode. The Ni/Ni2Si/n+-Si and Ni/Ni2Si/p+-Si were found to fail preferentially at the cathode. Microbeam Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and Auger electron spectroscopy depth profiles show that a silicide reaction occurs between Ni and Si during current stressing, especially at the failed contacts. In situ resistance data indicate that the resistance of the failed contact increases with time while that of the other contact in the pair remains constant. Transmission electron microscopy shows that the silicide formation is not uniform at the damaged contacts. A mixture of dominant epitaxia...


Black-hole masses of the highest redshift quasars (4 < ∼ z < ∼ 6) are estimated using a previously presented scaling relationship, derived from reverberation mapping of nearby quasars, and compared to quasars at lower redshift. It is shown that the central black holes in luminous z > ∼ 4 quasars are very massive ( ∼ 10M⊙). It is argued that the mass estimates of the high-z quasars are not subject to larger uncertainties than those for nearby quasars. Specifically, the large masses are not overestimates and the lack of similarly large black-hole masses in the nearby Universe does not rule out their existence at high-z. However, AGN host galaxies do not typically appear fully formed and/or evolved at these early epochs. This supports scenarios in which black holes build up mass very fast in a radiatively inefficient (or obscured) phase relative to the stars in their galaxies. Additionally, upper envelopes of MBH ≈ 10 M⊙ and Lbol ≈ 10 48 ergs s are observed at all redshifts. Subject headings: galaxies: active — galaxies: fundamental parameters — galaxies: high-redshift — quasars: emission lines — ultraviolet: galaxies


The 18-unit Certificate in Geographic Information Systems offered through the School of Continuing & Professional Studies teaches both fundamental and advanced concepts and skills, including the design of GIS projects, the operation of soware, cartographic output, spatial analysis, and industry-specific applications of GIS. The certificate targets working professionals seeking course work and skill enhancement in the field, as well as students wishing to complement their academic interests with additional training in GIS.


So spoke the ancient Greek hero in Alfred Lord Tennyson's "Ulysses." Next spring, a spacecraft bearing the adventurer's name will set out to explore just such an "untravell'd world"—the regions that lie outside the ecliptic plane. This mission out of the plane of the earth's orbit around the sun will be the subject of "Out of the Ecliptic: Observations and Predictions," an all-day session on Monday, December 9, at the 1985 AGU Fall Meeting in San Francisco, Calif.


Crack initiation and propagation of two ductile irons are studied. The main reason for the study is to propose a common set of reliable fatigue data based on fracture mechanics. Material in this in ...


INTRODUCTION Medicinal plants are major part of new pharmaceuticals and health care products. Due to th e availability of medicinal plants throughout the wor ld, herbal drugs are being used by 7580% of world population, especially in developing countries. As reported by World Health Organization (WHO), traditional medicinal plants are the best reservoir s to develop newer pharmaceuticals . Medicinal plants are renewable sources therefore farmers get encouraged to ABSTRACT Among the various causes of death in the world are degenerative diseases such as heart failure, anaemi a, Diabetes Mellitus and stroke, which are generally l inked to the oxidative stress. The therapeutic bene fit of medicinal plants in the treatment of degenerative d s ases is attributed to their antioxidant properti es. In the present study crude (PH) extract of nine different medicinal plants are used and were evaluated for th ei quantitative phytochemicals such as flavonoids, phe nols, tannins, carbohydrate, alkaloid, saponin, car diac glycosides and their antioxidant activities using D PPH, reducing power , hydroxyl radical scavenging,  superoxide radical scavenging, Nitric oxide radical scavenging . Total antioxidant activity was done b y FTC assay and compared with TBA method. In the present tudy, results showed that the crude (PH) extract o f nine different medicinal plants have found to posse s a good antioxidant activity. This activity of PH  formulation may be attributed to their free radical scavenging ability. The extent of antioxidant acti vity of PH was found to be significant.


Abstract
Objectives: Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) is being seen by many in dentistry as the standard imaging procedure for many dental implants, orthognathic, orthodontic, or endodontic cases. With this


Inflatable bladder facilitates the removal of heavy, highly finished metal parts from tote boxes or shipping containers. The proposed concept permits removal without danger of damage to the parts or injury to handling personnel.