The COVID-19 crisis was a turning point in skills development, propelled by the rapid expansion of technology-enabled solutions. According to the World Economic Forum report 2020, the rapid acceleration of automation and economic uncertainty caused by the pandemic shifted the division of labor between humans and machines, leading to 85 million jobs being displaced and 97 million new ones created by 2025. As the demand for new opportunities gather pace, skilling and reskilling strategies are crucial in meeting the perennial skills shortage. This paper addresses interventions for skills development through the skilling and reskilling models, training and preparing for the future of work. Mixed method research design was used to collect data which was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The study revealed that the 21st century labor market demands the ability to adapt and thrive in a rapidly changing world of work. The study recommended that skills development and preparedness is an inclusive approach that calls for robust preparation for the world of work, skilling and reskilling and thus should remain a policy priority.


This paper discusses the building of a hypermedia-based reference station at the Wright Laboratory Technical Library, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio. Following this, the paper focuses on an electronic user survey from which data is collected and analysis is made. The survey data is used in a rapid prototyping approach, which is defined as system development based on continuous user input. The prototype reference station (in reality hypertext at present and not yet hypermedia), named "AskMe," was introduced in April 1994, and the study was conducted by an on-line survey instrument available on AskMe. Overall, the low number of responses, only nine over two months, was disappointing. Survey results were not a good evaluation of AskMe's effectiveness, but this does not mean that the method is useless. At this point in the rapid prototyping process, the best way to evaluate AskMe is through communication among the developer, other library staff, and users. The rapid prototyping approach appears to lie outside the paradigm of conventional research because it appendix includes the survey instrument. (Contains 35 references.) (SLD/MAS) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. ***********************************************************************


The underlying bases and developments in two techniques of detailed turbulence modeling are described where the flow is treated in the Eulerian sense, and one technique where the Lagrangian motions of vortices are followed. First, a technique is described for solving the single-point statistically averaged conservation equations. The Reynolds stresses that appear in these equations are evaluated by solving supplemental differential equations which contain terms that are modeled. A sequence of increasingly complex, but also increasingly general, modeling equations is described and computations based on these equations are compared with experimental data. The hierarchy of models described terminates with equations for the individual components of the Reynolds stress tensor. The second Eulerian technique approach to turbulence modeling is the direct numerical simulation of turbulent fields. In this approach, all three dimensional eddies between a predetermined range of sizes are computed in time within a specified volume of flow. Present day computers require a tradeoff between the size of the volume that can be considered and the degree of resolution of the turbulent eddies. Techniques of modeling the smallest eddies are described that permit enlarging the volume, or Reynolds number, that can be considered.


Abstract: A child born with the harlequin fetus abnormality survived and showed a surprising degree of spontaneous improvement in the first six weeks of life. At this age etretinate was instituted, producing considerable further resolution. The child is now over 2 years old.


An interdisciplinary design project was conducted with students in the mechanical engineering and architecture departments at the University of Idaho. In order to offer the multidisciplinary design experience within the available bandwidth of instructors, the project was structured around and integrated into existing courses and resources. Past interdisciplinary product design courses have shown the value of interdisciplinary work in the professional development of students in addition to being effective at developing innovative new products. Descriptions of these courses provide insights on conducting them with regards to team structure, course structure, design process, and other topics. This paper summarizes observations reported from students and instructors involved in this project. Observations highlight challenges in project management, examples of cultural differences between disciplines, approaches to design, specifics of project ownership, and perceptions of level of detail in work products. Based on those observations, recommendations are made to develop and deploy a design process that facilitates the strengths of both disciplines and enables mentor guided project management. In addition, these recommendations will help establish a team culture and work setting that does not violate the culture of either discipline while enabling joint decision making, and address directly the impacts of a domain biased product as the design project focus.Copyright © 2010 by ASME


Social media became powerful and used by youth organizations to communicate and to create social movements. This research explores the youth organization Perhimpunan Mahasiswa Bandung (PMB) that uses social media (FaceBook, Twitter, YouTube, and blogs) with a statistical descriptive quantitative approach through questionnaires and observation. As a result, it can be concluded that members of the organization recommend FaceBook as the most effective media (71%) while Twitter and blogs are less effective with 65.5% and 60.5% respectively. Respondents also implied that the organization's social media is important because it disseminates information about their social issues and provides them opportunities to take a part in social movements (94% effectiveness score). However, this research also found that this organization embraced negative activities such bullying to their new members and others. Language: en


Wavelet-based video compression can provide improved codec and bit rates. The shift-variance problem of the discrete wavelet transform on image sequences, however, may cause large errors in motion estimation in the wavelet domain and thus degrade its performance of video compression. To make the wavelet transform of an image shift-invariant, a large amount of additional computation is required. For this reason a high-speed hardware implementation is necessary. This paper is focused on the VLSI design and implementation of a highly parallel shift-invariant wavelet transform chip. The RTL design, synthesis, simulations, and layout have been completed, and OKI Semiconductor, Inc. is fabricating the chip.


Objective: Rotavirus infection is the most common cause of acute diarrhea in children worldwide and is usually asymptomatic in neonates. However, it might cause necrotizing enterocolitis or even neonatal death in some cases. We investigated the infection rate and clinical manifestations of rotavirus infection in newborn admitted in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 260 neonates admitted to the Sung-Ae General Hospital NICU from June 2005 to May 2014, who were diagnosed with rotavirus infection within 48 hours after admission. We defined the diagnosis of rotavirus infection as the positive result of a rotavirus stool antigen test. We defined the symptomatic group as the patients who showed at least one symptom of fever, vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, metabolic acidosis and/or poor oral intake. Results: The rotavirus infection rate was from 7% to 27% annually. The symptomatic group consisted 60% of total infected patients and symptoms included weight loss (28.3%), fever (25.8%), diarrhea (20.5%), vomiting (18.5%), poor oral intake (8.1%) and metabolic acidosis (6.0%). There were more patients with history of normal spontaneous vaginal delivery (NSVD) in the asymptomatic group than in symptomatic group (83.7% vs 64.7%, p =0.001), and mean age of asymptomatic group was smaller than that of the symptomatic group (7.3±4.0 days vs 8.7±5.2 days, p =0.017). Birth-weight of the asymptomatic group was smaller than that of the symptomatic group (3.2±0.4 kg vs 3.4±0.4 kg, p =0.012). Conclusion: Rotavirus infection rate of the patients admitted to the NICU shows increasing tendency annually, irrespectively with rotavirus vaccination, and about one third of rotavirus infected neonates are asymptomatic. All neonates admitted to the NICU can be possible infection sources, so we should continually monitor the rotavirus infection. Chung-Ang J Med 2016; 41(2): 25-33


In this paper, a compact reconfigurable monopole antenna is proposed working at three different frequencies depending upon the condition of the optical switch. The proposed reconfigurable antenna in the state of ON switch has resonant frequencies of 2.45 GHz and 5.4 GHz covering the band of 1.8–2.7 GHz (Wi-Fi) and 5.26–5.99 GHz (WLAN) respectively. The same antenna during OFF state of switch operates only at 3GHz covering the band of 2.49–3.84 GHz. The proposed multiband reconfigurable antenna is designed and fabricated on an FR-4 substrate having relative permittivity of 4.4, loss tangent of 0.02 and thickness of 1.6 mm. The antenna is fabricated and tested in the laboratory to validate the simulated results. A good agreement between the simulated and measured results is obtained in term of radiation pattern and return loss. The performance of the reconfigurable antenna under both states of switch is examined on the basis of the antenna parameters such as return loss, radiation pattern and gain.


Dysfunctions associated with the head's region are rarely the object of interest from physiotherapists. Also in the minds of physicians that treat these problems, diseases of the eye, ear or abnormal taste or smell, are not analyzed as myofascial disorders. And those diseases, even while closely connected to each other, are treated separately by different specialists. Myopia is the most common sight defect and affects almost half of the population in the world. Generally, it starts in childhood, during developmental period (puberty) and it steadily increase to about 21 years of age, until the growth of the eyeball is finished. Ophthalmic data show that myopia gets worse in all children, even though they wear properly selected glasses. In addition, ophthalmology does not propose other forms of treatment of this dysfunction except simple exercises of the eyeball. Children's Myopia is a disease of photoreceptor apparatus, which is ideally suited for this kind of research, because most patients do not have other concomitant diseases, which could adversely affect the progress of therapy. That's why it was decided to run the research to check does FM therapy affect the progression of this defect and if so than to what extent. Children that was taken into research process was in age between 10 and 18. Acquired Myopia was confirmed in all cases by oculist inspection and each child was referred for FM therapy. The number of children that was inspected was 25. Full research process was comprised of three therapeutic cycles (3 sessions every 6 month) and oculist check-ups for the long-term influence of therapy which were conducted on average for 24 months, counting from the beginning of the study. The size of sight defect (measured in diopters) and the result of functional test using Snellen's wall chart were taken into account. Variability of the defect progression was compared with the control group that contained 24 participants. The pilot studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of therapy which integrate the work of sensory organs as a one system. Fascial Manipulation influenced the slower progress of acquired myopia in children in the research group by 55.7% on the left eye and 61.3% on the right eye, respectively, compared to the control group and improvement of visual quality, as confirmed by tests on the Snellen's wall chart. The study also indicated which catenary could be more involved in myopia and link the more dysfunctional eye with the dominance of the densified points on the same side of the body. Results of the therapy may indicate that the Fascial Manipulation Method affects the regulation of tension in the receptor sequence, so the eyeball ceases to be the "victim" of uneven pulling caused by the fascial system. It seems that this type of therapy, extended to the entire receptor system and directed to sense organs considered as one system, is able to significantly slow down the progress of eye defects, just like acquired myopia in children.


tag=1 data=The dreaming towers. by Dennis Schulz

tag=2 data=Schulz, Dennis

tag=3 data=Australian Magazine,

tag=6 data=3-4 August 1991

tag=7 data=6-13.

tag=8 data=ENVIRONMENT

tag=9 data=GULF REGION LAND USE AND DEVELOPMENT STUDY

tag=10 data=It rises from the desert like the mysterious skyline of an ancient, deserted city. Locked behind the pastoralists' fences in the Gulf country of Australia's north, this treasure has been out of bounds to the public - until now.

tag=11 data=1991/3/15

tag=12 data=91/1144

tag=13 data=CAB


The production systems operating in the Semi-arid Brazilian present peculiar characteristics, because they deal with systems based on the use of native vegetation of the region. Composed of three strata, tree, bush and herbs, native pasture in the semi-arid, has limited capacity to support over the years, by the fall of leaves of the tree layer and bush, as well as the ephemeral nature of the herb layer. During the rains, which occur mainly from February to May, producers of semi-arid region have forage quality and quantity sufficient to feed the herds. However, during the dry season, which usually includes the months of June to January, are seen substantial losses in quality and availability of forage grass in the native with reflections on the productivity of herds.


Robots with wheeled-legged morphology usually inherit the merits from both wheeled vehicles and legged machines. The hybrid structure can greatly enhance the mo-bility capabilities of locomotive robots, making these robots adaptable to a wide range of working conditions. In this paper, we specifically consider the balancing control problem of a wheeled-legged hexapedal robot. The employed robot platform has six actively articulated wheels that can be independently controlled. More precisely, each wheel of the robot is attached to a hub using the three-bar linkage mechanism, where one of the links is realized in the form of an electric linear actuator that can extend or retract to drop or lift the corresponding wheel following an arc curve, respectively. Our goal is to devise a control strategy to simultaneously command all six linear actuators such that the robot can keep stable when traversing rough terrains. To this end, we equip the robot with an IMU sensor to monitor the status of the chassis during driving the robot. By analytically establishing the kinematic relationship between the motion of the rod of the linear actuators and the angle change of the chassis, we can make the robot maintain horizontal by means of active suspension given the current tilt angle. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is verified with both simulation and preliminary real experiments.


The invention provides an air pressure conveying system which comprises a conveying pipeline, a plurality of pressure release branch pipes and a pressure release main pipe. The conveying pipeline is a diamond pipeline, the pressure release branch pipes are connected to the outer wall of the conveying pipeline and internally communicated with the conveying pipeline, the pressure release branch pipes are connected to the pressure release main pipe, manual valves are arranged on the pressure release branch pipes, and a hand pulling valve is arranged at the end of the pressure release main pipe. The air pressure conveying system is provided with an air pressure release mechanism, and damage to the conveying pipeline is reduced.


With the more recent application of immunohistochemical techniques for tau and alpha-synuclein, neurodegenerative disorders are being reclassified as tauopathies and synucleinopathies. Some of the more common tauopathies include progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), corticobasal degeneration (CBD), AD, Pick disease, and dementia pugilistica. Three disorders that are considered synucleinopathies include idiopathic PD, multiple system atrophy (MSA), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Recent studies, however, have also found synuclein pathology in ALS/parkinsonism dementia complex of Guam (ALS/PDC).1

The pathology in post-encephatic parkinsonism (PEP) can be similar to that seen in PSP and ALS/PDC. There is degeneration of neurons with neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) mainly in substantia nigra, raphe nuclei, periaqueductal gray, reticular formation, locus ceruleus, and rarely striatum.2,3⇓ The main findings, however, occur in the substantia nigra where there is degeneration of neurons, gliosis, pigmentary incontinence, and variable glial pathology.2-4⇓⇓ Tau immunohistochemistry on substantia nigra …


The present study aimed to combine the physiological significance of irregularly shaped initial lymphatics and mechanisms of mechanical stimulation–induced lymph formation.


This manuscript is presenting the preliminary results of research of the factors which are influencing the failure of SMEs. The manuscript is just the starting base for the larger research that will address the analysis of the most important factors that lead to closure of SMEs in different regions of the Europe. Basic factors of interest, which can be segmented as the individual characteristics of the entrepreneur or non-individual characteristics of the SMEs, based on wide literature review, were used to define the measuring scale for assessment of the most important factors which can lead to failure of SMEs, in previous research [1]. Such defined initial questionnaire form was used, in a pilot test research, to assess the opinion of the real entrepreneurs who suffered the failure of their previous businesses in Serbia. The idea of the research is to develop adequate measuring scale, which will be used to measure the potential failure of the existing SMEs, based on the rates developed in accordance to the factors which lead to the failure of the real SMEs in the past, which will be useful tool for wide European business environment.


In this paper, Simulink model is built to simulate the chilled water system of a real building. The optimal chilled water flow rate and chilled water supply temperature are found out by traversing the constrained parameter values under different working conditions. The simple optimal control rules are developed based on the optimal solutions. Optimal control rules can reduce the total energy consumption of the chillers, chilled water pumps, and air handling units by 17.55% compared with tradition control.


PURPOSE: Provided is a drying equipment of livestock waste using heat of a burner (40). The drying equipment is characterized in that two spaces (14)(17) are built between an exterior wall (13) and an interior wall (12) of a body (10), and between an exterior bottom plate (16) and an interior bottom plate (15) respectively as thermal insulating layers. Combustion gas of the burner (40) is passed through above spaces, so heat exchange is occurred sufficiently. Therefore, the efficiency of the burner (40) is improved. Also, circulation and drying of the livestock waste are operated simultaneously, so necessary space for drying is reduced. CONSTITUTION: The drying equipment is characterized by the following parts: two axes (30) rotated by motors, installed at lower part of a drying room (11); many wings (31) for circulation of livestock waste; a heat storage part (41) for heating and drying of livestock waste; and a vent pipe for venting of exhaust gas and drying heat.


In this paper, the possibility to evaluate the oxidative phenomena and the quality of extra virgin olive oil of different cultivars (Coratina and Oglianrola) by means of HPSEC analysis of polar compounds matched with multivariate statistical analysis, has been considered. The obtained results pointed out that the oxidized triacylglycerols were correlated in a positive way with some analytical indexes measuring the primary oxidation level of the oil, and in a negative way with compounds which concentration significantly decreases during the early stages of oxidation. The triacylglycerol oligopolymers, instead, were positively correlated with some parameters which allow to assess the secondary oxidative degradation of an oil, and in a negative way with some minor compounds, which level significantly decreases in oils being in advanced oxidative conditions. Therefore the determination of oxidized triacylglycerols and triacylglycerol oligopolymers could be used as an alternative to the methods foreseen by EC regulations, thus allowing to reduce the number of analytical determinations.


In this article we investigate no-resonance conditions for quantum chaotic and random matrix models. No-resonance conditions are properties on the spectrum of a model, usually employed as a theoretical tool in the analysis of late time dynamics. The first order no-resonance condition holds when a spectrum is non-degenerate, while higher order no-resonance conditions imply sums of an equal number of energies are non-degenerate outside of permutations of the indices. The condition is usually assumed to hold for quantum chaotic models. In this work we use several tests from random matrix theory to demonstrate that no-resonance conditions are likely to be violated for all equal sums containing greater than one energy. This is due to the presence of level-attraction in the spectra after resolving appropriate symmetries. This result is produced for both a quantum chaotic Hamiltonian and two random matrix models. We then generalize important bounds in quantum equilibration theory to a case where the conditions are violated, and to the case of random matrix models.


An incipient phase of supernormal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) often heralds diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and many other chronic nephropathies. We review the various definitions set for glomerular hyperfiltration (GH) and the concept of renal functional response induced by haemodynamic and/or metabolic stimuli. The clinical applications and limitations for testing of this response are alluded to. The causes of GH are discussed as perturbations of the physiologic mechanisms that control GFR, emphasizing the unique location of the glomerulus between two sets of resistant arterioles. DKD is discussed as a standard example for the role of GH in initiation and progression of the renal insult. The differences between physiologic and pathologic GH are explored and the morbid consequences of persistent GH are explained. GH is an early pathogenetic alteration in a divergent spectrum of renal disorders whose timely recognition and management might help retard occurrence and progression of chronic kidney diseases.
Keywords: Glomerular filtration rate, glomerular hyperfiltration, renal functional reserve, renal plasma flow, chronic kidney diseas


Magnetization, magnetic susceptibility, and neutron diffraction measurements have been made on the alloy series CoAl1−xMnx over a wide range of temperature for 0<x<0.4. In this range of concentration the alloys retain the singly ordered B2 (CsCl) structure and neutron diffraction results suggest that the Mn atoms predominantly enter Al sites. However, at concentrations less than x=0.15 about 1% of Mn atoms may possibly enter Co sites with consequent displacement of Co atoms to Al sites. All the alloys show ferromagnetic behavior with Curie temperatures up to 675 K. Evidence for the coexistence of superparamagnetism is found indicating some clusters may not be coupled to the infinite cluster. The superparamagnetism persists to a limited extent above the Curie temperatures for most of the alloys and conventional analysis suggests cluster moments of ∼1000μB for x=0.1 for example. At high temperatures Curie–Weiss behavior is consistent with a moment of ∼0.4μB per formula unit with a composition independent Cu...


Given $L$ a complex solvable finite dimensional Lie Algebra of operators acting on a Banach space $E$ and $\{ x_i\}_{1\le i\le n}$ a Jordan-H\"older basis of $ L$, we study the relation between $Sp(L,E)$ and $\Pi Sp(x_i)$.


fb흐 some a(0 << 1), 尹(0 < < 1), and for all 2 G Further f(z) E T is said to be in the class (7*(a, ^0,//) if ans only if G S*(a, /3y /z). The classes and (7*(%丿8,")were studied by Owa and Aouf [7] and Aouf [1]. We note 난lat: (i) S*(a,0》l) = S*(a,幻 and C*(a, 1) — C*(aj3) were studied by Gupta and Jain [2], Owa [6] and Kumar and Shukla [3]. (ii) S*(a, 1,1) = S*(a) and C*(a, 1,1) = C*(o;) were studied by Silverman [8].


OBJECTIVE
Our objective was to describe the appearance of the anteromedial tibiotalar joint on MR arthrography in patients with clinically and arthroscopically confirmed anteromedial impingement.

CONCLUSION
Anteromedial impingement of the ankle is now being recognized in the orthopedic literature as a distinct entity. MR arthrographic findings of anteromedial impingement include capsular and synovial soft-tissue thickening anterior to the tibiotalar ligaments and any associated osseous abnormality. Although anteromedial impingement is uncommon compared with other impingement syndromes of the ankle, the radiologist should be aware of the diagnosis and possible findings on cross-sectional imaging.


Using density functional theory (DFT) in conjunction with ultraviolet (UPS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), we investigated a number of complexes and macromolecules. We have shown on a large set of UPS, XPS, and DFT data that the calculated Kohn–Sham energies of organic and metalorganic complexes can be used as approximate ionization energies (IEs). It is possible to evaluate IEs with an accuracy of 0.1 eV with the density functional approximation (DFA) defect approach. This method has been successfully tested on a large number of boron β-diketonates and d-metal chelate and sandwich complexes. We interpreted the bands in the valence region of the XP spectra of macromolecular organosilicon compounds in the solid state by taking into account the density of states and the ionization cross-sections. According to DFT calculation results, the one-electron states in the valence region of the model compounds correlate with the positions of the spectral band maxima. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


partly to prevent its becoming a mathematicians' preserve, but mainly because we shall then stop using such terms as "analytic" and "synthetic" in vague and inadequate ways that logicians have shown to be technically unsound. The volume contains a few articles of outstanding merit, but one is left wondering whether the symposium method is altogether satisfactory. If it is to continue to be the main feature of the joint session it would be better if the first author in each symposium were to choose his subject and if the second and third were to limit themselves to attacking, defending or developing what the first author has said. P. H. NOWELL-SMITH.


Collaborative Systems go beyond user-system interaction, allowing users to cooperate, coordinate and communicate with each other. To support model-based design for collaborative systems, we propose an extension to the Modeling Language for Interaction as Conversation (MoLIC), allowing designers to represent user influences, cooperative tasks and awareness mechanisms to design collaboration. In this paper, we present a case study to evaluate the extended MoLIC during interpretation and design tasks performed by 12 undergraduate students. Our results point to a good acceptance of the extension, but defects introduced in the models indicate that some concepts were not very easy to understand as they were presented to participants.


This Research presents the effects of interaction between various Kernel functions and different Feature Selection Techniques for improving the learning capability of Support Vector Machine (SVM) in detecting email spams. The interaction of four Kernel functions of SVM i.e. "Normalised Polynomial Kernel (NP)", "Polynomial Kernel (PK)", "Radial Basis Function Kernel (RBF)", and "Pearson VII FunctionBased Universal Kernel (PUK)" with three feature selection techniques i.e. "Gain Ratio ( GR )", "Chi-Squared ( 2  ), and "Latent Semantic Indexing ( LSI )" have been tested on the "Enron Email Data Set". The results reveal some interesting facts regarding the variation of the performance of Kernel functions with the number of features (or dimensions) in the data. NP performs the best across a wide range of dimensionality, for all the feature selection techniques tested. PUK kernel works well with low dimensional data and is the second best in performance (after NP), but shows poor performance for high dimensional data. Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) appears to be the best amongst all the tested feature selection techniques. However, for high dimensional data, all the feature selection techniques perform almost equally well. General Terms Spam classification, Complex features, High and Low dimensional features.


In Korea, which has three sides of the sea, various waterfront spaces are being developed and developed along with various coastal landscapes. However, there are a lot of cases that do not consider the regional characteristic of the coast or the characteristic of the coastal landscape. In many cases, the street facilities cause the landscape degradation and the use inconvenience because of incongruity with the scenery, aging and lax management. Therefore, it is necessary to reflect the specificity of the coastal landscape in planning and directing the street facilities, harmonizing with the surrounding natural environment, and consideration of sustainability. However, there is no research or planning index for sustainable street facilities considering the coastal characteristics. Therefore, this study suggests plan elements to improve the sustainability of the street facilities on the shore and proposes them as basic plan elements, and suggests what kind of improvements should be made to improve the sustainability of coastal facilities in Korea. Based on the plan elements derived from the plan, we checked the problems and complementary points of coastal street facilities in Korea by analyzing the current status of the street facilities around the Jeju Island beach from a sustainable point of view, and suggested plan indicators that should be supplemented to improve sustainability. We surveyed the street facilities such as walkway blocks, benches, pagoda, drinking fountain, trash cans, bicycle shelters, fences, guide maps, streetlights, and shower rooms in 10 beaches in Jeju Island. This study analyzed the sustainability characteristics of the each factor of these facilities by surveying the reflectivity of the 23 plan indicators from the six aspects derived from the sustainability planning factor as conformity, partial reflection, non - reflection, and nonconformity. The results of the analysis showed that the functional aspect was the highest with 68.3%, the material aspect (53%), the landscape aspect (22.3%), the productive aspect (14.7%) and the morphological aspect (12.2%), and maintenance / management (10.6%). In addition, the facilities with the lowest fitness in each aspect are bicycle shelter in landscape aspect, bicycle storage box and trash can in form aspect, shower room in material aspect, trash can in functional aspect, showroom, guide maps and drinking fountain in product aspect, showroom In maintenance aspect. In order to improve the sustainability of coastal facilities in the future, it is necessary to complement the administrative and landscape aspects. In coastal facilities, it is necessary to consider the sustainability planning index, especially for showers, taking into account the specificity of beaches. Consideration should be given to various aspects of sustainability for bike shelters and trash facilities. Through this study, we have proposed the plan elements to systematize, supplement, and improve the planning index for sustainability improvement in coastal facilities planning.


Until now, there has been little research into the use of online dictionaries despite expanding markets: both academic and commercial lexicography increasingly focus on online products while sales figures for printed dictionaries decline. This created a demand for reliable empirical information on how online dictionaries are actually used and how they could be optimized. This volume makes a substantial contribution to closing this research gap.


Blikstein, P. and Wilensky, U. (2006, April). From inert to generative modeling: two case studies of Multi-Agent-Based Simulation in Undergraduate Engineering education. In D. Abrahamson (Org.), U. Wilensky (Chair), and M. Eisenberg (Discussant), Small steps for agents... giant steps for students?: Learning with agent-based models. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Francisco, CA.


. Multi-person pose tracking is an important element for many applications and requires to estimate the human poses of all persons in a video and to track them over time. The association of poses across frames remains an open research problem, in particular for online tracking meth-ods, due to motion blur, crowded scenes and occlusions. To tackle the association challenge, we propose a Dual-Source Attention Transformer that incorporates three core aspects: i) In order to re-identify persons that have been occluded, we propose a pose-conditioned re-identification network that provides an initial embedding and allows to match persons even if the number of visible joints differs between the frames. ii) We incorporate edge embeddings based on temporal pose similarity and the impact of appearance and pose similarity is automatically adapted. iii) We propose an attention based matching layer for pose-to-track association and duplicate removal. We evaluate our approach on Market1501, PoseTrack 2018 and PoseTrack21.


Interviewer (I) ~ How did you feel about reading out loud to a second grader? Beth ~ I felt really good about myself that I'm reading to a second grader I ~ And, did it make you a better reader? Beth ~ Yes I ~ How? Beth ~ Um, if I want to read to someone I can read to whoever wants to hear me read I ~ Do you think your reading is different in how you read? Beth ~ Yes I ~ How do you read differently now . . . ? Beth ~ I had no confidence in myself I~ And now you do? Beth ~ Yes __________"__________


The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship among the willingness of the organization change, organization communication, and organization learning. Two hundred and five effective surveys were received by employees of M-Team companies in machine tool industry. The data was analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, using the SEM model to measure the relationship amongst the constructs. Results showed that the willingness of organization change has a positive influence on organization communication and organization learning. And then, the mediating effects of organization communication towards the willingness of organization change can positive influence organization learning. As a result it is suggested that interaction of the employees within the organization in order to communicate with and consolidate the understanding of vision, and to improve the willingness of organization change, organization communication, and organization learning.


Dear Editor, We have read Dr. Corralś letter and we think that his comment is correct and important. Although we revised Paez et al. [1996] manuscript, we failed to notice that they also characterized HPV types associated to cancerous samples from Ecuadorian women. We also apologize for failing to include this important work as part of our references. Nevertheless, there are important differences between the two studies. Paez et al. [1996] was carried out in 1996 and they only characterized the most typical (worldwide) high risk genotypes HPV16 and HPV18 and the most frequent HPV genotypes causing genital warts (HPV11 and HPV6). Our study was more comprehensive which allowed us to detect the high prevalence of HPV58 in cancerous lesions. We also corroborated our PCR results with HPV nucleotide sequence data [Mej ıa et al. 2016]. P aez et al. [1996] analyzed cancerous and non-cancerous lesions; we concentrated only in cancerous and pre-cancerous biopsies. Once again we want to express our regret for this omission; we are convinced that scientists must acknowledge the work of their colleagues; this is especially critical in countries like Ecuador where research is carried out without any recognition.


The recurrent social donor activities need to establish the recurrent social formation donor services network and form the cooperation mechanism,at the same time should strengthen the policy support,give more publicity,standardize the operation,and establish a rapid response mechanism.And extending the work area of the recurrent social donations is an inexorable trend of the development of social donations.


In his stimulating analysis of "bibliophilia" in Doctor Faustus, Paul Budra argues that Faustus' fatal error consists in his failure to recognize that the meaning of a text, particularly sacred text, lies neither in the text itself nor in the reception of the text but rather in some metatextual ground of meaning accessible only by following out a "complex dialectic of faith" enacted between the text's sustaining logos on the one side and the reader on the other. In the present supplementary discussion, I want to consider historically some of the important questions that Budra's approach opens up for us. This historicization of Faustus' bibliophilia requires a metatheatrical analysis of the play, an inquiry in terms of the literary system in which Marlowe wrote rather than in terms of the story of Faustus' damnation-in terms, that is, of the play in the world rather than the world in the play. What, then, might we say are the historical and ideological reasons for the play's interest in the problematics of interpretive stability, in the desirability of literary power, and, finally, in the tragic punishment consequent upon that desire? Budra is right to insist that Faustus is a bibliophile, and that critics have paid too little attention to the centrality of books in the play. But it seems less arguable that Faustus loves books merely as material objects, as if his chief sin were avarice; on the contrary, what Faustus seems to desire most from books is their power, so that his chief sin is (as Budra allows) satanic pride, a desire for power unconstrained by natural limitations. That he seeks such power in necromantic books seems related, as has long been recognized, to the Baconian dream of power through knowledge which eventuated in the promotion of scientific and technical discourses to their dominant positions over so-called literary discourses in modem Western culture. The dream


Condensation of 2-Hydrazino-2-thiazoline with Diethyl Oxalate and Oxamic Esters

Diethyl oxalate, ethyl oxamate, and ethyl oxanilate react with the hydrazine 1 to give the triazine 3 and the hydrazides 2b and 2c, respectively. In the presence of base the triazine 3 and the triazole 6 are obtained.


Celebrities' socio-political involvement (i.e. in politics, social causes, etc.) has incited a lot of academic interest in recent years. Research into celebrities' socio-political involvement, however, faces the same growing pains as celebrity studies in general, including the need to move beyond discursive analyses, single case studies and Anglo-Saxon-biased research towards a more diversified and systematic approach (Ferris 2010, Holmes and Redmond 2010, Turner 2010). Turner's (2010) argument that case studies are often 'drawn from a limited pool of individual celebrities' is reflected in the study of their socio-political involvement as well, with scholars time and again reverting to archetypal examples such as Bono, Geldof, Clooney, Jolie and Winfrey. While these case studies have been crucial to develop our understanding of celebrities' socio-political involvement, the focus on global celebrities' support of (mainly) development aid issues raises questions about the spread of these insights (for instance to local celebrities or other social causes). A systematic review of the sociopolitical involvement of 236 Flemish and international celebrities demonstrated that only one-fifth of causes supported by celebrities are related to development aid (Panis and Van den Bulck 2014). Celebrities' socio-political involvement is thus much more diverse in terms of supported causes and roles they take on than the archetypal examples which research generally focuses on would suggest. Research should overcome this bias towards development aid issues by expanding its focus to celebrities' involvement in other causes, as some scholars already have done by looking into celebrities and environmental issues (for example, Boykoff and Goodman 2009) or health-related issues (for example, Larson et al. 2005). To unravel differences and similarities in celebrities' involvement in different types of social causes, a more systematic approach is therefore required. As Marsh et al. (2010, p. 322) argue, academic literature on celebrities' socio-political involvement 'is rarely systematic; more often it is superficial and anecdotal'. Looking at 'the bigger picture' of celebrities' socio-political involvement, translated into more general and systematic research, will not only provide a better understanding of the phenomenon but will also allow us to situate, and hence better understand, particular case studies within a collective framework. A number of academics (for example, Thrall et al. 2008, Samman et al. 2009, Panis and Van den Bulck 2012, 2014, Brockington 2014) have employed this broader perspective through large-scale (quantitative) media analyses or audience surveys. However, this wider (empirical) approach is still rather exceptional. A broader research agenda that recognises the diversity of celebrities' socio-political engagement will also instigate the need for a sharper conceptualisation. While celebrity


Are scientific expert witnesses partisans, or spokesmen for objective science? This ambiguity has troubled the relations between scientists and the legal system for more than 200 years. With deep learning and wry humor, Tal Golan tells stories of courtroom drama and confusion and media jeering on both sides of the Atlantic, until the start of the 21st century, as the courts still search for ways that will allow them to distinguish between good and bad science.


Cushioning beads comprising microcrystalline cellulose and a disintegrant (preferably croscarmellose sodium) are dis closed. The cushioning beads are prepared by extrusion spheronization, followed by freeze-drying. Also disclosed, are water-dispersible tablets having high tensile strength. comprising the cushioning beads and biologically active ingredient-loaded beads, wherein optionally, the tablets can contain a viscosity enhancer in the form of separate beads, or as a component of the biologically active ingredient loaded beads such that viscosity is rapidly generated when the tablets come in contact with water, and a homogenous suspension is formed, which can be easily swallowed by children and the elderly, with minimal effect of the biologi cally active ingredient release properties. The tablets are useful for sustained delivery of large doses of biologically active ingredients where swallowing of a large tablet or capsule poses a problem.


The weakness of the world of education in Indonesia is the problem of the learning process. In this process students are less motivated to develop thinking skills and skills. For early childhood children at a certain age are not given the opportunity to develop their abilities, both by teachers and parents, it seems that there are still many children who are shy, not independent and not confident.In its implementation, the online learning system during the Covid-19 pandemic encountered several obstacles, including not all students understood internet technology and the need for preparation from the school in such a way. One solution that can be taken by implementing online learning is to use the Ispring suite 8 application which is a tool for creating presentational learning media that can be used in the learning process which includes aspects of audio, visual, audio visual, and audio visual media. various types of evaluations have been carried out. Provided. The Ispring suite 8 application is an application that is run on a computer for use in making learning media either directly, through online learning or a combination of both. the results of this study indicate that the application of online learning using the ispring suite 8 application can increase the creativity of children aged 5-6 years.


The aim of this work is to compare some ARMA spectral separatede stimation methods based on the modified Yule-Walker equation and least squares method with the Maximum-Likelihood estimator, using the convergence curve of the relative mean error (RME), generated by Monte Carlo simulation.


Biphasic bubble flows are widely used in the energy industry. One of the key parameters of such flows is the bubble size distribution. To solve such problems, acoustic methods are used. These methods are of two types: active and passive. The passive method is considered in this paper. Unlike active methods, it does not affect the process, what can be considered as significant advantage. The mathematical model described in the paper of recalculating the noise spectrum of bubbles into a bubble size distribution was tested on an experimental setup with various operating modes with median radii of bubbles from 1.3 to 3 mm.


This comparative study was conducted to described and analyzed the higher education governance systems of Philippines and Belgium using the set of five governance dimensions of state regulation, managerial self-governance, academic self-governance, stakeholder guidance, and competition as the analytical tool to reflect the ongoing changes and the evolving relationships between the policy actors in the higher education system. It focused on five governance mechanisms of funding, quality assurance, academic staff, curriculum, and research. The findings revealed that in both higher education governance systems, the governance dimensions of state regulation, managerial selfgovernance, academic self-governance, stakeholder guidance, and competition not only exist but compete with each other. Further, each country has similarities and differences in the national and institutional level and manifests distinct weaknesses and strengths in some aspects of the governance mechanisms included in this study. In view of the findings, the study recommends educational reforms to improve the higher education governance systems of both countries.


Classroom Approaches and Japanese College Students' Intercultural Competence by Joan Gilbert MA, Columbia University, Teachers College, 1996 BA, University of California, Los Angeles, 1983 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Education Walden University November 2017 Abstract Preparing college students to be contributing members of local and global societies requires educators to analyze the capabilities and needs of their students and to adjust instructional content and practice. The purpose of this mixed-methods study was twofold: (a) to explore how classroom approaches designed to facilitate students' questioning of assumptions and beliefs regarding different cultural beliefs, social structures, and practices might influence Japanese college students' self-reported development of intercultural competence, and (b) to investigate whether or not the students developed their potential for intercultural competence. Mezirow's transformative learning theory informed this study. Archival qualitative data were from 137 Japanese undergraduate students' journals from a course with approaches designed to facilitate questioning their assumptions and beliefs. Multilevel coding was used to support thematic analysis. Archival quantitative data of students' pretest and posttest scores on the Intercultural Adaptation Potential Scale (ICAPS) were too few for meaningful analysis. Limited trend interpretations of the quantitative data helped support the qualitative data findings. Key findings included students identifying the importance of opportunities to discuss conflicting cultural beliefs, social structures, and practices; several questioned their assumptions and enhanced their intercultural competence. Expanded research into the challenge of enhancing cultural competence is needed. Positive social change is possible when intercultural competence and understanding the importance of dealing with cultural conflicts in an informed manner are enhanced. Students who expand their comfort levels and understandings will gain membership into multiple societies, reflect critically on their worldviews, and be able to take positive actions during conflicts.Preparing college students to be contributing members of local and global societies requires educators to analyze the capabilities and needs of their students and to adjust instructional content and practice. The purpose of this mixed-methods study was twofold: (a) to explore how classroom approaches designed to facilitate students' questioning of assumptions and beliefs regarding different cultural beliefs, social structures, and practices might influence Japanese college students' self-reported development of intercultural competence, and (b) to investigate whether or not the students developed their potential for intercultural competence. Mezirow's transformative learning theory informed this study. Archival qualitative data were from 137 Japanese undergraduate students' journals from a course with approaches designed to facilitate questioning their assumptions and beliefs. Multilevel coding was used to support thematic analysis. Archival quantitative data of students' pretest and posttest scores on the Intercultural Adaptation Potential Scale (ICAPS) were too few for meaningful analysis. Limited trend interpretations of the quantitative data helped support the qualitative data findings. Key findings included students identifying the importance of opportunities to discuss conflicting cultural beliefs, social structures, and practices; several questioned their assumptions and enhanced their intercultural competence. Expanded research into the challenge of enhancing cultural competence is needed. Positive social change is possible when intercultural competence and understanding the importance of dealing with cultural conflicts in an informed manner are enhanced. Students who expand their comfort levels and understandings will gain membership into multiple societies, reflect critically on their worldviews, and be able to take positive actions during conflicts. Classroom Approaches and Japanese College Students' Intercultural Competence by Joan Gilbert MA, Columbia University, Teachers College, 1996 BA, University of California, Los Angeles, 1983 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Education Walden University November 2017 Dedication I dedicate this dissertation study to my late mom, who always believed in me. In addition to her love and support, she showed me that with a passion for learning, I could bring meaning to my life. I hope that through believing in my son, Yoshihide, he will also find the joy of learning and use his special gift of fostering cultural understandings. Acknowledgments I would like to thank my dissertation committee: Dr. James Keen, for challenging me to go beyond my comfort zone to help me develop cognitively, and Dr. Christina Dawson, for making me aware of alternative interpretations and encouraging me when I was dispirited, and Dr. Estella Jorgensen, for her valuable feedback and patience. In addition to my committee, I would like to extend special gratitude to Dr. Cheryl Keen, who stepped in at crucial times and showed me the true meaning of "knowing" and "passion." I strive to be a leader like her—firm, compassionate, and knowing. I would also like to thank my peer debriefer, Dr. Carol Koller, who provided impartial views and constructive feedback to ensure trustworthiness of the findings. Her professional and friendly manner helped me endure the process of making revisions and adding depth. I would also like to extend my sincere gratitude to Dr. Hiroyuki Tanaka and Dr. Takashi Terachi, who made it possible for me to conduct my study. I hope that this study and future studies will have positive influences on the university and students now and in the future as they use their capabilities to contribute to local and global societies with compassion and understandings. Without my family and friends, I would have found it difficult to complete this study. In particular, my family for all their love and support, and my husband, Hideshige, who has been and continues to be loving, patient, and understanding, and my friend, Etsuko Ofuka, whom I thank for listening to, consoling, and encouraging me all these years.


The high number of participants (over eighty, from six countries) and the topics discussed proved once again that the efficiency of legal norms is a subject of constant interest in all areas regulated by law and permanently connected to other social rules. This volume of our review contains a selection of the papers presented at the conference. The editors are grateful to all authors for their contributions to this publication and peer reviewers for their valuable contributions to the improvement of draft papers.


With a rising number of coronavirus Omicron cases reported across the whole world, starting a third wave of the pandemic in India, the chances are high that it will soon replace Delta as dominant global variant. The trend was already visible in the U.S. where Omicron has taken over Delta as the dominant strain. Omicron is nearly four to five times more infectious than Delta. That is because of mutations in the spike protein which make it easier for the cells to be attacked. Omicron is spreading with faster pace with very little consequences, except for the elderly population and those with comorbidities. Omicron will take a big toll on the vulnerable population with comorbid diseases. Meanwhile, it is a burden as it is causing devastating infections across the world, the World Health Organization has warned that Omicron should not be dismissed as "mild" variant. Increased transmission may lead to more hospitalizations which can lead to increase strain on frontline workers and health care systems and can result in more deaths. While people who recover from coronavirus disease 2019 may develop some natural immunity to the virus, how well the individual is protected from future genetic mutation of coronavirus is still a big question. The definitive evidence for increased remission and immune evasion and vaccine effectiveness is still awaited. This article will highlight few aspect of Omicron including increased transmission, immune evasion, hospitalization, mortality, vaccine effectiveness, and therapeutic drugs effective against the disease.


Abstract Aminoacyl-hydroxy-anthraquinones bearing glicyl, varyl, lysyl and tryptophanyl residues in the side-chain were synthesized as new potential DNA-directed drugs. These compounds bind very tightly to double-stranded DNA by intercalating their planar portion into the nucleic acid and further stabilizing the complex through electrostatic contacts with the backbone phosphates. All protonated groups in the side-chains participate in the latter process. The free energy of DNA-binding corrected for the electrostatic contribution is similar for the lysyl and glicyl derivatives, which points to a common geometry of intercalation.


So far stores of international retailers have covered the major economic cities,with Yangtze River Deltal,Pearl River Delta,Bohai Economic Rim and Sichuan-Chongqing region being the concentrated regions for international retailers.Some of the international retailers have completed the strategic layout in China and started large scale expansion over the country.In selecting the target market during the expansion process,the international retailers will consider such factors as: opening policies of China's retailing market;the level of economic development and consumption;business environment and investment policies;the nature,function,position of a city;and the development strategy of the international retailers in China's market.


book. It throws considerable light on Arab-American relations during the last few years. In harn"essing the material ~t hiis disposal and in marshalling relevant facts, the author has spared no pains. He is good at digging things up and summarizing them in readable form. As a guide book, it is, on the whole, exceedingly useful; only, in the second edition, some of the grammatical and printing mistakes might be avoided. 16 March 1956 ABDUL MAJID KHAN


I read with interest your article on patient organisations and conflicts of interest and agree that, collectively, we should be striving to ensure high levels of transparency in our relationships across the health sector.1 The relationships that …


In a vehicle's development process Transfer Path Analysis (TPA) is commonly used for identifying sound sources and their transmission to a receiver. Forces acting on the structure are the reason for the structure-borne sound share of the vehicle interior noise. In practice it is not possible or too extensive to measure operational forces directly. Instead they are often calculated indirectly from accelerations and from additionally measured inertances. As the car body is a strongly coupled system, a force acting at one position results in accelerations throughout the structure. This crosstalk must be considered by using a dense inertance matrix consisting of the ratios between each force excitation and the accelerations at each sensor position. Then a matrix inversion is performed to solve the system of equations describing the coupling of the structure. For an engine TPA this method has the disadvantage that it does not include the mounts although their characteristics can have a major impact on the interior noise.


The study was set to identify how Urban Social Workers in Kenya accessed information and how they used it. The objectives of the study were to determine accessibility to information by Urban Social Workers; find out the challenges they experienced in accessing information; and propose solutions to the same. The study found that Social Workers have been for long perceived as non formal information users, but today there is a growing inclination towards use of information from print and electronic media particularly among community based Social Workers, without necessarily impacting on their dependence on oral communication. The paper recommends that the government take greater responsibility in ensuring that Social Workers have access to relevant data and information through disseminating it to the County Information Documentation Centres. The researchers also propose collaboration with information providers drawn from both the electronic and print media.


Adenocarcinoma of the gastro‐oesophageal junction is considered a distinct clinical entity, although the current pathological tumour node metastasis (pTNM) classification does not consider this tumour specifically. A prospective study was undertaken to determine the prognostic importance of lymph node involvement in adenocarcinoma of the gastro‐oesophageal junction, analysing both a number‐ and site‐based classification, in order to develop a clinically useful nodal staging system.


This article investigates some of the issues which surround the use of tasks in oral tests, with particular reference to the group discussion. This is done from the perspective of a group of students who were asked to attempt three oral tasks. Questionnaire techniques and retrospective reports were used to collect data from the students. The principle is that test-takers have a great deal to offer to the test researcher in making judgements about the value of the tests which they take (Brown, 1993). The issues surrounding task design and use are complex, and are currently being debated not only in language-testing circles but also in the fields of second language acquisition and discourse analysis. For this reason, this article will refer to discussions in all three areas to shed light on the selection of tasks for use in oral tests. Information from the statistical analysis of tests will also be presented. All views about tests and tasks used in tests, however much some authors might eschew theory or statistical analysis (Underhill, 1987), spring from inherent theoretical positions. These positions make predictions about test scores under particular conditions, and the results of analysis enable the researcher to assess whether a view can be supported by empirical evidence. Finally, the article will look at what is possibly one of the most problematic questions in proficiency testing: the generalizability of a test score given on one task to another task or tasks. It is arguably the case that, if this is not possible, there is no justification for proficiency testing.


This paper aims to discuss the understanding of the common good/common benefit in political practices of the late Middle Ages. We want to think over the possibility of existence of the political action and the political sphere in the medieval period and grasp how theses factors constituted criteria of sociability and governance. Common good is understood as a means of putting civil life in order, but which transcends the historical actors and institutions: indeed the common good is the benchmark of social practices which aims at the the common benefit and, as being accessible to citizens and institutions, makes collective life and social justice possible.


The invention discloses a device for producing regenerative polyester bottle chips by using waste plastics and a production process thereof. The device comprises a crush cleaning system, an electric conveying control system, a paper scrap separation system, a semi-finished collecting system, a finished metering sack sewing system, a polyester bottle chip quality detecting system and a sewage treatment system. The production process for producing the regenerative polyester bottle chips by using the waste plastics comprises sequentially passing the waste plastics through the following units: a selection unit, a crush unit, a conveying unit, a washing unit, a rinsing unit, a drying unit and a storage unit. The system of the embodiment of the invention can realize the recycling of waste plastic resources, solve the problem of white pollution caused by the waste plastics, make wastes profitable, and maximize economic and environmental-protection benefits. The device and the production process are continuous in production, so that the quality of regenerative products is stable, safe and reliable and downstream customers can use the regenerative products safely.


The flight conflict resolution problem was divided into 3 smaller sub-problems: co-altitude detection, minimum horizontal space detection and heading regulation, and the topological structure and procedure of the flight conflict resolution system were presented. The flight conflict resolution system was developed with VB. net and Matlab and by introducing the combinatorial optimization algorithms for general assignment problem and artificial neural network technique. Simulation results show that the system can provide flight management personnel with suggestions for short to long term plans of flight conflict resolution to raise the efficiency of flight management and ensure flight safety.


Abstract Distributional and anatomical characteristics of the species of the western North American genus Cordylospasta are analyzed. The current concept of this genus is a considerable modification from that of earlier classifications. Of the two species belonging to Cordylospasta, C. fulleri Horn is unique among North American blister beetles in having antennae with 8 to 10 antennal segments. This species is strictly allopatric to the second species, C. opaca (Horn), in which the antennae are 11-segmented. Step-clinal geographic variation in seven anatomical characters is recorded for C. opaca. On this basis six biological races are recognized as occurring in central and southern California. These are considered the equivalent of subspecies. An informal approach to the recognition of these infraspecific taxa is followed since, due to limited material, interracial reproductive relationships cannot be inferred confidently at the present time.


..................................................................................................................... vii CHAPTER ONE: RNA-EDITING OF VIRUS-DERIVED SMALL INTERFERING RNAS (VSIRNAS) ............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 RNA silencing in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum................................................................... 1 1.2 Biogenesis of virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) ................................. 3 1.3 RNA-editing .................................................................................................................. 6 1.4 Materials and Methods .................................................................................................. 9 1.4.1 Analysis of the Sequencing Data ........................................................................... 9 1.5 Results and Discussion ............................................................................................... 10 1.5.1 Virus-derived small RNAs in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ...................................... 10 1.5.2 Virus-derived small RNAs in other fungi: Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium graminearum ................................................................................................................. 23 1.5.3 Virus-derived small RNAs in mouse and human ................................................ 27 References ......................................................................................................................... 30 CHAPTER TWO: METATRANSCRIPTOMIC ANALYSIS AND IN SILICO APPROACH IDENTIFIED MYCOVIRUSES IN THE ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGUS RHIZOPHAGUS SPP. ....................................................... 35 2.


The United States and European Union had come to an agreement relating to the extradition of offenders. An offence shall be an extraditable offence if it is punishable under the laws of the requesting and requested States. Requests for extradition and supporting documents shall be transmitted through the diplomatic channel. A Member State may authorise transportation through its territory of a person surrendered to the United States of America by a third State, or vice versa. Where the offence for which extradition is sought is punishable by death under the laws in the requesting State and not punishable by death under the laws in the requested State, the requested State may grant extradition on the condition that the death penalty shall not be imposed on the person sought. The Decisions and its annexes shall be published in the Official Journal of the European Union.Keywords: death penalty; diplomatic channel; European Union; Extradition; United States


"Robert Gant was an English immigrant, an amateur photographer and a lover of men. Manly Affections takes us into Gant's lost world of small town New Zealand. What happened when an artistic 'new chum' and his camera met the rugby and cricket playing locals? Manly Affections explores men's intimate lives in 230 images. A visual history of place, gender and sexuality, this book poses new questions about settler masculinity. As sitters for the camera in the small towns of Masterton and Greytown, Gant's companions crossed the lines between friendship, emotion, pleasure and eroticism"--Publisher statement.


For educators and rehabilitation specialists who work with young people who are visually impaired, facilitating successful transitions from school to adult life and, in particular, to employment, is extremely challenging. To address the challenges, professionals have focused on strategies such as deliberate transition planning, greater emphasis on career education and early job experiences, and concerted efforts to facilitate collaboration among young people, families, employers, and service providers. Despite these and other efforts, the progress toward improving transition outcomes for youths who are blind or visually impaired has been frustratingly minimal. Nagle tackles the challenges, problems, and issues surrounding the transition from school to work in this month's lead article. She reviews outcome data from two sources, which show that youths with visual impairments attend college and other postsecondary programs at rates that are comparable to their peers without disabilities, but that this level of education does not lead to correspondingly high rates of employment. Nagle critically analyzes the outcomes data to identify factors that affect these postschool outcomes and then offers practical recommendations to address these problems. The author admits that some of the issues in the article will be controversial, but she hopes these issues will "prompt the field to engage in a constructive dialogue on this important issue." Heyl and Wahl address the challenges faced by another population---elderly persons with age-related vision loss. The authors conducted a qualitative study over a six-year period in Germany to explore the behavioral and emotional adaptation of both elderly persons with visual impairments and elderly persons without visual impairments. Heyl and Wahl found that acquired visual impairment had a negative impact on psychosocial adaptation for the participants in their study; they recommended timely intervention and rehabilitation to minimize this impact. Bickerdike and Mellor explore the secondary health challenges faced by middle-aged persons whose visual impairments were caused by retinopathy of prematurity. The authors gathered information from a questionnaire that was distributed to persons with retinopathy of prematurity who had remaining vision. The results provide interesting information on the characteristics of this population and, in particular, the range of health problems that occur in middle age. Bickerdike and Mellor recommend additional research on a representative sample of persons with retinopathy of prematurity. Three additional short articles describe unique challenges. Krebs describes an intriguing approach to teach her middle-school students to understand and solve word problems in mathematics. This approach has students write word problems on their own using real-life situations from daily life. Then Wan presents the results of a qualitative study of consumers who were adventitiously blinded in Taiwan to better understand the adjustment process. Based on interviews with 80 persons who had completed a vocational rehabilitation course, the author describes six stages in the adjustment process and presents a case study of one participant. Finally, Wall examines how 12 visually impaired cane travelers modify their travel techniques to navigate the slippery and snow-covered environment of winter. The range of articles and short reports in this month's JVIB affords our readers an opportunity to reflect on some of the challenges faced by persons who are blind or visually impaired and by the professionals who provide educational or vocational services. In doing so, the authors have offered interesting insights and helpful recommendations for addressing some of these complex issues. ALAN J. KOENIG, ED.D.


This report covers the process of a project that resulted
in a future concept for an autonomous bike-sharing
system. It started with a desire to do transportation
design and to explore the future of public transit
and the role of the bicycle in it. The research phase
started with trying to form an understanding of the
current public transportation situation for cyclists
and also looking into future trends, both socially
and technologically. That research phase led the
next research phase to focus on bike-sharing and
its benefits and problems. The final research phase
concluded in a system design phase that experimented
with modes of operation and ways of interaction with
a system of this size. From the system design a set of
design criteria and focus areas was formed. The main
focus of the project was to design a self driving bikesharing
station and a bicycle for it. My approach to this
was to start with the context and how bikes should be
accessed to then design them based on that. The final
result is an future bike-sharing system that is designed
as part of a multi-modal urban mobility network. It
leverages autonomous vehicle technology to create
a more flexible, efficient and accessible system. It
consists of a self-driving station that enables instant
rebalancing and scaling and a bicycle that is designed
with simplicity and durability in mind. It was presented
trough computer visualizations and a 1:20 scale model.


Cooperation and research on related issues in the tourism sector is still topical as virtually no new tourism offer is possible without cooperation. This has been confirmed by previous studies. However, in the context of community initiatives, cooperation in tourism has not been analysed very much. The aim of the paper is to analyse community cooperation in rural tourism development on the basis of content analysis of the LEADER projects and previous studies on collaboration. Cooperation is based on the understanding and exchange of information facilitated by existing and new forms of common actions between public and private actors. The results reveal that community cooperation for the development of rural tourism in Latvia can be seen as structural with the Rural Support Service as a central actor, which is responsible for the uniform implementation of the state's and European Union's support policy in Latvia, monitors compliance with agricultural legislation and regulates the conditions of all involved. At regional level, cooperation is coordinated by rural partnerships and governed by their strategies that sets clear objectives for local action in communities.


A system comprising a transceiver RFID (42), the system being adapted to communicate exclusivamentecon a single transponder located in an operating region predetermined transponder, said system comprising: one near-field coupler (30) having a property of near field spatially selective, extending in the operating region of the transponder, wherein the near-field coupler having a plurality of lines (50) interconnected electricamenteen parallel, and a plane separate ground (9), so the system is configured paraestablecer in power levels predetermined transceiver, a mutual coupling that is selective only for a single transponder positioned in said operating region of the transponder, and characterized porqueel near-field coupler is terminated by a terminating resistor selected for not matching impedance witha Featu stica of the plurality of lines.


Constant and dynamic temperature-control was inverstigated for efficient arachidonic acid(ARA)production by Mortierella alpine in different fermentation scales and environments. The results showed that airlift bioreactor was more suitable for ARA production process compared with mechanical stirring fermentor.Meanwhile,cell growth rate showed to be optimum at 25℃,while ARA ratio in lipid showed to be maximal at16℃. As a result,a dynamic temperature-control strategy,in which the culture temperature was controlled at25℃ at the first 72 h and linearly decreased 1.5℃ for every 12 h till 16℃,then kept at 16℃ for the rest of the fermentation,was developed in the airlift bioreactor. With this control strategy,the ARA production level reached4.7g/L which was increased 38.2% compared with the level of constant temperature(25℃) control strategy.


Abstract Rosa Sonneschein (1847–1932) was an important figure in late nineteenth-century American journalism, activism, and fiction. While a few brief studies were dedicated to her biography and to her role as a Jewish social activist, editor, and contributor to The American Jewess, no critical work has been devoted as yet to her literary production. The aim of this essay is to rectify this critical neglect by examining Sonneschein's wide literary opus and by investigating its connection, if any, to the views she expressed as a journalist and a public speaker. This essay will explore Sonneschein's threefold literary oeuvre, consisting of the following genres: Jewish fiction, non-Jewish fiction, and literary sketches. It will also try to explicate Rosa's often conflicting stance with regard to Judaism, feminism, and Zionism, a standpoint which should be examined in the context of the fin-the-siècle's turbulent changes American society had to cope with, especially pertaining to massive immigration, religious and social reforms, suffrage and temperance movements, etc.


Introduction Intraaortic balloon pump counterpulsation (IABP) is often used in patients with acute coronary syndrome for its favourable effects on left ventricular (LV) systolic function and coronary perfusion. However, the effects of IABP on LV diastolic function have not been comprehensively investigated. Acute diastolic dysfunction has been linked to increased morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of IABP on LV diastolic dysfunction using standard TEE derived parameters. Methods Intraoperative TEE was performed in 10 patients (mean age 65 ± 11 yrs) undergoing urgent coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG), who had received an IABP preoperatively. TEE derived measures of diastolic dysfunction included early to late transmitral Doppler inflow velocity ratio (E/A), deceleration time (Dt), pulmonary venous systolic to diastolic Doppler velocity ratio (S/D), transmitral propagation velocity (Vp), and the ratio of early to late mitral annular tissue Doppler velocities (e'/a'). Statistical analyses included the Wilcoxon Sign-Rank test, and a p<0.05 was considered significant. Results Transmitral inflow E/A ratios increased significantly from 0.86 to 1.07 (p < 0.05), while Dt decreased significantly from 218 to 180 ms (p < 0.05) with the use of IABP. Significant increases in Vp (34 cm/s to 43 cm/s; p < 0.05), and e'/a' (0.58 to 0.71; p < 0.05) suggested a favourable influence of intraaortic counterpulsation on diastolic function. Conclusion The use of perioperative IABP significantly improves TEE derived parameters of diastolic function consistent with a favourable impact on LV relaxation in cardiac surgery patients undergoing CABG.


I t is becoming clear that most Asian programs of national economic development are conspicuously failing even to stem the growth of physical problems in the major cities. In large measure, such problems are arising from the acceleration of rural-urban migration which has been such a prominent feature of the experience of the developing world in recent decades. Much development planning, it seems, lacks the flexibility to deal with this sort of situation; much is still rigidly bound by thinking almost solely in terms of "economic" criteria in the narrowest of senses. Some economists would, for example, deny the usefulness of public investment in housing on the grounds that such investment is largely non-productive. Besides the a priori position of much development planning in this and other respects that vitally concern the physical development of Asia's cities, many of the current urban problems are compounded by the failure of planning economists to grapple successfully with What the present writer has referred to elsewhere as the second stage of the development program.' This is the physical accommodation on an integrated basis of such economic growth as can be stimulated through national development planning. All too often the lack of a spatial approach to problems of economic development is evident not only within individual cities but also when such development is considered within a broader, that is, regional frame.2 And it is undeniable that a good proportion of the present physical problems of cities in the developing world have arisen not so much internally as from the intimate relationship of the cities with economic and social conditions in the surrounding countrysde. Even in a territory as small as Hong Kong (398 square miles), a wide range of spatial problems is manifest. The twin cities of Victoria and Kow-


Mrs. K.W., aged thirty-five years, was admitted to hospital on August 16, 1929, suffering from acute suppurative arthritis of the right ankle joint, due to infection with hremolytic streptococci, and occurring two weeks after acute tonsillitis. The ankle joint was drained by Mr. Stewart, and a good recovery was made, except for a painful ulcer on the lateral malleolus. At that time there was a history of thyreoid enlargement for· three years, but there were no toxic symptoms. There was a firm, rounded swelli.ng in the left lobe of the thyreoid. On April 10, 1929, the patient was readmitted with a history of nervousness, protrusion of the eyes and palpitation which had gradually become more pronounced since she left hospital. . There were present slight, but definite, bilateral exophthalmos, a widened palpebral fissure, tremor, sweating and tachycardia. On April 15, 1929, the basal metabolic rate was + 58%. She was given Lugol's solution (0'3 mil or five minims, thrice daily), with a resultant steady fall in pulse rate, and left hemithyreoidectomy was performed by Mr. Stewart on May 3, 1929. On May 21, 1929, the basal metabolic rate was +19%. She had remained well and the basal metabolic rate on May 18, 1931, was + 14%. At that time there was a slightly Widened palpebral fissure, but the patient looked well, and there was no clinical evidence of thyreotoxicosis. This case was an example of the activation of an adenoma by sepsis, possibly aggravated by the stress of operation. The presence of exophthalmos in adenornatous goitre and its subsidence after operation are worthy of note. The last case presented was a classical example of exophthalmic goitre.


Lessons for women have been given under the discipline of home economics since the Ottoman times. Although we know that the Ottoman Empire is a civilization of writing and recording, our knowledge of the past is insufficient due to the loss of information sources and the limited number of Ottoman language readers. Today, the widespread use of Ottoman language courses and the fact that the lessons are taught as an elective course even in secondary education increase the awareness of such information and facilitate access to the sources. This book, which we came across in the Library of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry and was published in 1915, is important in terms of including some topics related to home economics and agricultural arts, but what makes it really important is that it is specifically intended for women. The introduction of the book is brought to the attention of researchers who are interested in traditional production, especially flour and bread, together with some of the information in it written in detail and in today's language, and it is aimed to compare some information with today.


Purpose. Within our scientific approach, we took into account the most important anthropometric measurements that can influence the strike efficiency in relation to the fighter's stance during a Karate-do competition. Methods. To perform the anthropometric measurements (age, weight, height, length of the upper and lower limbs), we used the same tools for all the 10 selected subjects, top performance athletes at the national level. Results. The data collected through anthropometric measurements are better valorized when they are included into different formulae, in order to determine a series of anthropometric indices, such as those related to proportionality, which aim at assessing the growth and development phenomena. We can thus make comparisons among subjects or groups of subjects, relying on some objective criteria. For each of these values, we calculated the following indicators: arithmetical mean, median, standard deviation, mean deviation, dispersion, amplitude, coefficient of variation. Conclusions. Statistical analyses showed that our sample was homogeneous in relation to the subjects' age, height, length of the upper limb, length of the lower limb and body mass, and relatively homogeneous in relation to the their weight.


Dramatic advances in thin-film lithium niobate photonics have been reported in the last couple of years, with several papers in high profile journals such as Nature. The Harvard group of Prof. Marko Loncar, who is the senior author of this submission, is at the lead of such advances. Lithium niobate has long been considered the go-to material for optical phase and intensity modulation, due to its high electro-optic coefficient, but was not capable of supporting complex integrated systems due to the large size of the waveguides and optical mode. Recent advances allowing fabrication of low loss, high confinement waveguides in thin film lithium niobate material has fundamentally changed the situation. Recent reports include a number of very exciting device demonstrations: phase modulators with record bandwidth, on-chip electro-optic cavity comb generators, record efficiency second harmonic generation, and others. The current work reports a highly efficient, low loss optical frequency shifter that currently operates in the multi-GHz up to few tens of GHz regime. Although efficient acousto-optic devices that provide near complete optical frequency shifting exist in lower frequency bands, to date there have been no satisfactory solutions applicable to tens of GHz frequency shifts – a regime that has important established applications in classical optical communications and RF systems, and potential applications in quantum technologies.


The effect of evolution of polycrystalline texture on normal anisotropy coefficient r-value of aluminum alloy sheet was investigated. For this purpose, the textures under different elongation of LF2 aluminum alloy were measured and analyzed. The result indicates that the initial texture of LF2 aluminum alloy has the typical rolling texture, and the main components include Brass {011} 211,Copper {112}111and S{123}634. These three main components exhibit different transformation tendencies when the material specimens are stretched along the different direction. Based on Taylor model and Minor Work principle, the normal anisotropy coefficient r-values of polycrystalline aluminum alloy under various strain states were calculated. The result indicates that the r-values of LF2 aluminum alloy vary with tensile direction and the amount of deformation. The deformability on rolling direction is superior to the other direction because an enhancement tendency of r0 appears in tension process along rolling direction.


Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) is a mode of teaching usually triggered by disasters and pandemics such as the deadly Coronavirus. This study used a self-reported questionnaire to investigate student perceptions, challenges, and coping strategies during ERT at a public university in Ghana. Using a randomly selected sample of 80 students, the study established the relationships between student perceptions and coping strategies, perceptions, and challenges. Out of the 80 respondents, 76 questionnaires were duly completed and were analysed using partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The bootstrapping results indicate that student perceptions of ERT have a significantly positive relationship with their coping strategies, and the challenges have a significant negative relationship with coping strategies. However, student perceptions did not significantly correlate with students' challenges. Results recommend that the university put appropriate measures in place to reduce the challenges associated with ERT, which will improve students' perceptions since the pandemic is still raging with a series of waves. Challenges such as lack of access to digital devices and high-speed internet should also be addressed urgently.


Technological innovation outsourcing can bring technology spillover,and rivals can attain spillover effect,so the enterprise is confronted with an important problem of how to reduce spillover effect.When RD personnel's flow results in technology spillover,a strategic model of technical innovation outsourcing based on wage difference is established,which optimizes enterprise's outsourcing strategy.The research indicates that the increase of RD personnel's quantity of the outsourcing enterprise can reduce affected coefficient which rivals attain;demand of rival's RD personnel,outsourcing quantity of the enterprise's technical innovation and RD personnel's wage of the contractor also have a relation.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of intrinsic motivation of a woman judo athlete on sport confidence and exercise flow, and also, influence of sport confidence on exercise flow. To this end, the purpose of this study was to identify the influence of confidence in sport upon the absorption in sport following internal motivation of female judo players registered in The Korea Judo Association in 2014. To this end, 300 samples of high school and university female judo athletes were collected countrywide including capital area. The final sample size used in the analysis using convenience sampling is 282 out of 300. The study findings drawn from a frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, one-way analysis of variance, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis using the program SPSS Statistics 21.0 were as follows. First, internal motivation impacted greatly on confidence in sport. Second, internal motivation had a decisive effect on the exercise commitment. Third, confidence in sport influenced on the exercise commitment.


PARAPTORTHODIUS QUERETAROENSIS SP. NOV., TAKEN AT BLACK LIGTH TRAPS IN TILACO, QUERETARO, MEXICO IS DECRIBED AND ILLUSTRATED. IT IS THE THIRD SPECIES OF GENUS, AND REPRESENTS THE FIRST RECORD OF THE FAMILY PHENGODIDAE IN THE MEXICAN STATE OF QUERETARO. IT IS COMPARED WITH P. MIRABILIS SCHAEFFER AND WITH P. SCHAEFFERI ZARAGOZA.


The characteristics of the EXIT Directory (Experts in information management), officially launched in June of 2005, are described. After two years online (July of 2007), its use was evaluated and analyzed, taking into account its operations, impact, visibility, and acceptance on the part of the professional community it serves: librarians, information scientists, archivists and information specialists. Technically, EXIT is considered a stateof- the-art directory and a genuine product of web 2.0, since those involved submit and update their own records, under the supervision and filtering of EXIT creators-managers and an international Evaluation Committee.


It is a challenge to synthesize materials that possess biological tissue‐like properties: strain‐stiffening, robust yet compliant, sensitive, and water‐rich. Herein, a ferric ion‐induced salting out and coordination cross‐linking strategy is presented to create a hierarchical hydrogel network, including dipole–dipole interactions connected curved chains, acrylonitrile (AN)‐rich clusters, and homogeneous iron‐ligand interactions. The design allows the network to deform stress‐free under small strain by unfolding the curved segments with the elastic deformation of the AN‐rich clusters, and sequentially breaking the dipole–dipole interactions and iron‐ligand interactions from weak to strong ones under large strain. As a result, the hydrogel exhibits tissue‐like mechanical properties: low elastic modulus (0.06 MPa), high strength (1.4 MPa), high toughness (5.1 MJ m−3), intense strain‐stiffening capability (27.5 folds of stiffness enhancement), excellent self‐recovery ability and fatigue resistance. Moreover, the hydrogel exhibits high water content (≈84%), good biocompatibility and multi‐sensory capabilities to strain, pressure and hazardous chemicals stimuli. Therefore, this work offers a novel strategy to prepare hydrogel that can mimic the diverse functions of tissues, thereby expanding advanced applications of hydrogel in soft robotics, wearable devices, and biomedical engineering.


This study aimed to develop organic design and propose references on an origin and developing factors of the organic design as looking into previous researches on furniture design. Expressive features with curves observed in the furniture design have been interpreted as organic meanings, and the study also approached grounds for the organic design elements while talking about developments of new materials and digital technology. In addition, the study presented a possibility explaining that these organic design elements might have been derived and developed from Art Nouveau. State-of-the art technology of the digital era in the 21st century has been built upon more creative concepts, and as this technology gets combined with the digital technology, it is, now, changing but also improving both morphological aspects and design methodologies. In the midst of this change, when it comes to factors to develop the organic design, creation of various new materials and state-of-the art digital technology are considered to be immediate factors to changes in the design. As morphological thinking using digital media develops, geometric thinking and such form are realized which eventually would lead us to furniture design of a new concept.


Simple Summary Farm animal welfare is a complex issue linking several academic disciplines, including animal science, veterinary, psychology, sociology, and agricultural economics. Farmers are one of the key contributors for the successful implementation of improved animal welfare standards. This review presents findings from the last 30 years into the factors that influence farmers' views on farm animal welfare. Using findings from single and multidisciplinary studies, this review highlights the factors that influence the farmers' views of animal welfare. Overall this literature review aimed to ask two main questions "what do farmers think (farmer's general view) about farm animal welfare?" and "what are the factors that influence their thinking?". This review demonstrates that a deeper understanding of how farmers view and value animal welfare can lead to more effective development of collaborative knowledge transfer, policies, and management initiatives directed at maintaining healthy animals. This work may serve as a checklist to implement further studies on stakeholder perspectives on animal welfare. It also provides recommendations on technical approaches and strategies to improve best practice on farm animal welfare. Abstract Farm animal welfare (FAW) is a growing societal concern, reflected by over 30 years of research to inform policy and practice. Despite the wealth of evidence to improve FAW, implementation of good practice continues to be an issue. The role of the stakeholder, particularly farmers, is pivotal to FAW improvement. This semi-systematic review synthesizes the evidence published in the last 30 years, worldwide, to address two main questions "what do farmers think (farmer's general view) about farm animal welfare?" and "what are the factors that influence their thinking?". A thematic analysis was conducted to identify factors that influenced the implementation of FAW innovation. The main outcomes extracted from 96 peer-reviewed publications on a range of livestock species identified 11 internal factors including farmer knowledge, empathy, personality, values, and human-animal bond; 15 external factors including economic advantages, communication, time and labor influenced the perception of FAW. Farmers' knowledge and cost implications of FAW were the most frequently reported factors. The review further highlights the need for promoting interdisciplinary collaboration and stakeholder participation. This study suggests strategies to improve FAW, including tools to support behavioral changes amongst farmers.


The aim of the stud was to investigate the anticancer efficacy of nanoparticles synthesised from Morinda citrifolia linn (fruit samples) on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in albino rats. The nanoparticles synthesized from extract of Morinda citrifolia Linn was effective in inhibiting the tumor growth in ascitic and solid tumor models. The biochemical studies supported its antioxidant and anticancer properties.. The plant merits further investigation in an ascitic model at low doses and to elucidate its mechanism of action and isolation of its active constituents. However, the components responsible for the antioxidative activity are currently unclear. Therefore, further investigations need to be carried out to isolate and identify the antioxidant compounds present in the plant extract.


The article describes the scientific attitude to the «the inner man» pattern concept. The author envisages the stages of law formation when «the inner man» pattern is its' fundamental component. Furthermore, the article examines such investitive factors as archetypes, egregore and eidos.


Today exactly one year ago the legal scholar and criminologist Louk Hulsman died. This article is written in memory of his person and work and has been published in Annals of Criminology, December 2009.