The endometrial changes in the human uterus were studied using combined 17-alpha-hydroxy progesterone derivatives. 60 women patients from the Family Planning Clinic of Mebara Old Cairo were given tablets of 17-alpha-hydroxy progesterone preparations of 2 types: Aconcen(chlormadinone acetate 3 mg plus .1 mg mestranol) and Volidan(4 mg megestrol acetate plus .05 mg ethinyl estradiol) and instructed to take 1 tablet daily for 21 days followed by 1 week off medication. Premedication premenstrual endometrial samples were taken. Samples were obtained during therapy after therapy and as follow-up studies. Endometrial changes were studied using a micrometer eyepiece with a graduated slide to measure the diameter on the glands and the height of their cells. During the first 4 cycles of therapy the endometrial thickness showed a gradual diminution. The endometrium was relatively thick in the early days diminishing later in the premenstrual period. At no time was the thickness comparable to that in premedicated specimens. The duration of therapy affected constantly the average number of glands per low power field glandular diameter and cell height. The endometrial glands under therapy exhibited 3 limited cyclic variations: 1)an initial short-lived and weak estrogen phase; 2)a mild precocious progestational phase; and 3)a regressive phase that appeared later dominated the picture and persisted until the end of the cycle. The postcessation specimens showed that the endometrium returned immediately to its normal state if a short-term therapy of 1 to 2 cycles were stopped. When therapy was continued for 3 or more months a delay of ovulation was noticed in the immediate 3 postcessation cycles and then returned to its normal state.


This paper presents a new robust distributed approach for the energy management of rural multi‐microgrids communities in Chile. These rural communities are often geographically isolated and have a poor connection to the main electricity grid. Operating them as individual microgrids allows the community to connect to the grid or behave as a stand‐alone system (islanded). Connecting and coordinating the operation of the microgrids can improve the system's robustness to energy and demand uncertainty, as well as reducing the dependency on the main grid. However, this coordination can be challenging because the communication between the different microgrids can sometimes deteriorate, moreover, both load and local generation profiles are challenging to predict. For these reasons, in this paper, a new robust distributed hierarchical Energy Management System (EMS) for coordination of multiple microgrids (multi‐microgrids) is introduced, which uses robust distributed Model Predictive Control (MPC). Distributed optimisation permits improving reliability in the presence of poor or lack of communications between microgrids. To consider the uncertainty associated with renewable energy generation and load consumption, fuzzy prediction interval models are included in the MPC design. The proposed method is compared with robust centralised MPC and deterministic distributed MPC to assess its performance. Simulation results are presented using data representative of a rural community in coastal Chile applied to the robust MPC design. The outcomes of this work demonstrate that the proposed robust distributed EMS can improve the power supply, apply peak shaving, and can successfully operate when there is a loss of communication between microgrids. The use of decreasing fuzzy intervals allows an accurate prediction of both load and renewable energy generation, making the system robust to uncertainty in the available resources. Moreover, results show that in absence of communication, the power supply obtained under different scenarios with the distributed EMS is better than the equivalent centralised EMS.


Cationic and anionic microgels based on sulfonated polystyrene and poly(ethylmethacryltetramethylammonium chloride) and containing Pd and Pt nanoparticles were used as templates along with polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymers for casting nanoporous alumina and aluminosilica with nanoparticles. The Pt-nanoparticle-containing aluminosilica consists of interpenetrating pores and Pt particles of 7 nm in diameter (by X-ray diffraction) located in the interpore channels. Pd nanoparticles are smaller and partially block the pore entrances of Pd-nanoparticle-containing aluminosilica, decreasing the porosity. Metal-particle-containing aluminas templated both over cationic and anionic microgels consist of an interpenetrating pore system and alumina nanowires (2−3 nm in diameter and about 40 nm in length) along with Pd or Pt nanoparticles. This combination creates higher mesoporosity than for aluminosilicas. The 27Al MAS NMR spectra of metal-nanoparticle-containing alumina show two distinct sites ...


The financialisation of the world economy has enabled households to build welfare and accumulate assets with borrowed money. But it has also led to a more unstable economy and recurrent financial crises. Norway is one of the few European countries being only lightly affected by the current one. Instead, the country is marked by more than two decades of economic upturn. However, during times when "everybody" is getting rich, people are also moving into risk positions that may prove difficult to tackle over time. Based on recent survey data, this paper explores how severe potentials for crisis are building up among Norwegian households through extensive 'equity borrowing' whereby homeowners spend their housing wealth by rolling back the costs of consumption into an existing mortgage. The practice means that households, encouraged by a favourable system with low interest rates and sales-oriented lenders, speculate with their future incomes against expectations for rising property prices. As a result, both mortgage volumes and home prices have risen to unprecedented levels. Economists generally expect the "market" to "fix" any imbalances through so-called "corrections" where "unnatural" housing prices are brought down to reasonable proportions. This may be unproblematic as long as such corrections are done at a point in time when the system is still "sound".  The paper argues that this is no longer the case for Norway as the level of borrowing is too high.


Patients with high-risk subgroup medulloblastoma (MB) show poor overall survival rates despite aggressive treatment while survivors suffer from important treatment-associated morbidity. Particularly poor outcome is observed in patients with tumors of the molecular subgroup Group 3 with an amplification and high levels of the transcription factor MYC. We have previously shown that Group 3 MB cell lines with MYC amplification are highly susceptible to pan- and class I-histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor treatment. We here explore the molecular interaction of the well known oncogenic driver MYC and class I HDAC2. Six established MB cell lines were used for experiments in cell culture, including MYC amplified cell lines. The functional interaction between MYC and HDAC2 was investigated by enzymatic inhibition of class I HDACs using class I-selective HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) and by siRNA-mediated knockdown of HDAC2. Observed protein degradation was rescued with proteasome inhibition using small molecule proteasome inhibitor MG132. The direct interaction of HDAC2 and MYC was analyzed in co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry studies. The pharmacological inhibition of class I HDACs including HDAC2 as well as artificial HDAC2 protein depletion lead to reduced MYC protein levels, most likely due to increased proteasomal degradation. MYC and HDAC2 are localized in a protein complex together with other potential drug targets. Our data suggest that class I HDAC inhibition leads to destabilization of MYC protein depriving the cells from one of their main oncogenic drivers. The MYC/HDAC2 multi-protein complex represents an attractive target for novel combinatorial treatment approaches. Funding: MYCNet (BMBF Germany), Verein fur krebskranke Kinder Odenwald e.V.


Two lactating women who had complained of back pain developed spontaneous vertebral fractures with low bone mineral density (BMD) several months postpartum. The back pain and biochemical abnormalities presented as hypercalcemia and elevated plasma levels of the parathyroid hormone‐related protein (PTH‐rP) that returned to normal indices with increasing BMD after weaning. The increased circulating PTH‐rP might contribute to the pregnancy‐associated osteoporosis in women who probably are already osteopenic.


Objective: Type 2 diabetes evolves through a phase of normoglycemia and impaired glucose tolerance due to vitamin D deficiency. It was believed that sun light exposure is the natural way to improve the blood 25 (OH) D levels which delay or prevent disease progression. The study was to assess the effect of sunlight exposure in South Indian prediabetic population. Methods: Data of the subjects were retrospectively collected in three continuous intervals. Total 160 subjects were identified as prediabetes based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Age between 30 to 65 years subjects was randomly recruited for the study. Subjects were assigned into two groups based on sunlight exposure. All anthropometric and metabolic parameters were measured and interpreted. Results: Between the group and within the group variation was assessed. In Comparative analysis sun light exposure group showed significant improvement in BMI (P=0.0309), glucose (P 0.2893). In lipid profile, cholesterol (P=0.0002) and triglyceride (P=0.0019) showed significant improvement, but no significant effect was observed in HDL (P= 0.131), LDL (P=0.4735) level in sun light exposure group. Conclusion: Daily exposure of sunlight can improve the disease condition. Along with sunlight exposure, intensive life style changes and appropriate vitamin D supplementation may need to prevent or delay the disease progression.


This work is about the survey of an anaerobic batch digester heated with solar rays. Only heating by solar rays is considered in this work. There is no backup heating. The heating system is a parabolic solar concentrator. It is provided with a regulator that is set to keep the substrate temperature within a specific range (35°C to 38°C). This enables a greater methane production in a short time. This work was done, under Cotonou city conditions in Benin Country. We use Hardware In the Loop simulation (HILS) to appreciate the performance of the regulation device. The heating permitted the reduction of digestion time which dropped from 30 days to 15 days.


Richard Hamilton's collage Just what is it that makes today's homes so different, so appealing? was produced for the Whitechapel Gallery's exhibition 'This is Tomorrow' of 1956, and used as the main image on its posters. Even from the distance of over half a century, this is still an image with the capacity to shock, and one that undercuts easy stereotypes about the visual culture of London in the 1950s. Featuring the bodybuilder Irwin 'Zabo' Koszewski, a naked female pin-up on a sofa, a framed comic cover on the wall, a tape-recorder on the floor, a tin of ham on a coffee table in front of a television and the finest of new vacuum cleaners being used to clean the stair carpet ('Ordinary cleaners reach only this far'), it is an image that has been repeatedly reproduced and repeatedly reread. In the image Zabo holds an over-large lollipop with the word 'Pop' on it. Although Hamilton was later equivocal about his role as the so-called 'father of British pop art', the collage is enduringly significant because it influenced and anticipated what was to come. It fits closely with an increasingly forceful reading of post-war history, one that breaks away from the 'discrete and compartmentalised way that post-war English history has been traditionally told', as Frank Mort suggests in his recent Capital Affairs. Richard Hornsey's The Spiv and the Architect and Simon Rycroft's Swinging City are two further additions to the growing literature on post-war London that strongly emphasize the lineages between the urban cultures of the 1950s and the 1960s. Both books reproduce and discuss Hamilton's Just what is it, and the readings of the image give some sense of their wider arguments and interests. In Rycroft's Swinging City the collage is part of a discussion of the Independent Group and the political project of British pop art. Rycroft argues not just that the image demonstrates the Independent Group's key obsessions with the visual languages of advertising and American culture, but also that pop art was able to sustain a subversive or critical edge rather than becoming an empty celebration of consumerism. Rycroft's central mission is to make connections between different 'scenes' in the city, and particularly to demonstrate continuities between the developments of the late 1950s and the experimental cultural politics of the city's late1960s counter-culture. Just what is it appears early in Rycroft's account of post-war London, whereas Hornsey's The Spiv and the Architect reproduces the Whitechapel exhibition poster in its conclusion. Hornsey's interpretation of the image is


The present invention introduces a development platforms based on the database application systems with function design, the development platform includes system control table, the menu component kits and code generator, the menu component kits is the module of reusable menu classification implementation; System control table is the carrier of description parameters both of storage application system architecture and menu functions, the carrier is the data tables of the relational database; The code generator dynamically generates code execution under storage parameters in the system control table. Development and application of the system using development platform just require system functional design, data table design, menu Form design, without the need to write code or only a very small number of special features menu prepared by the code, which can be generated applications; Application of the system's operation, reading system control table parameters and dynamic generating code execution, completion of system functions; when users change the business model, only a modification of system parameters control table, or to amend the use of the data table menu, and the menu forms can complete system maintenance.


The ECS-2 experiments were designed and performed to investigate downflow dryout in a heated ribbed vertical annulus. Subsequent experiments were performed in the same facility to investigate convective heat transfer under air/water downflow conditions. Under these conditions (> 40 K) azimuthal temperature variations were observed in the skin temperature measured using Type K thermocouples. The physical mechanisms causing the azimuthal variations in the thermocouples have not been identified. A methodology has been developed and evaluated for removing these effects. An uncertainty analysis has been performed to estimate the uncertainties resulting from application of the methodology. However, it is recommended that this methodology not be applied to the individual thermocouples unless a viable physical mechanism is identified to explain the observed thermocouple responses. 13 refs., 23 figs., 4 tabs.


Chronic isoproterenol pre‐treatment, a well‐known model of compensatory hypertrophy associated with cardiac β‐adrenoceptor desensitization, enhances the inotropic response to phenylephrine in rat isolated perfused hearts, supporting the hypothesis that myocardial α‐adrenoceptor stimulation contributes to the maintenance of myocardial performance in situations in which cardiac β‐adrenoceptor function is compromised. To further corroborate this hypothesis, the effects of abdominal aortic coarctation on cardiac α‐adrenergic responsiveness were investigated in Langendorff heart preparations. Abdominal aortic coarctation causes cardiac hypertrophy (21 %) as shown by a significant increase in the ratio of ventricular dry weight to bodyweight. In preparations from hypertrophied rats, both maximum increases in left ventricular systolic pressure and heart rate elicited by isoproterenol (10−12 to 10−4 M) were significantly reduced (the isoproterenol concentration producing 50% of the maximum positive inotropic and chronotropic responses was enhanced almost 21‐ and 2‐fold, respectively). However, the positive inotropic response to phenylephrine (10−12 to 10−4 M) remained unaffected following abdominal aortic coarctation, when compared with sham‐operated rats. In preparations from both groups, phenylephrine infusion did not induce significant changes in heart rate. These results show that although abdominal aortic stenosis induced desensitization of cardiac β‐adrenoceptors, it did not enhancecardiac α‐adrenoceptor responsiveness. This suggests that such an enhancement depends on the experimental model used to induce cardiac hypertrophy associated with desensitization of cardiac β‐adrenoceptors.


Abstract Poor countries are more volatile than rich countries, and this volatility impedes their growth. Furthermore, commodity prices are a key source of that volatility. This paper explores price volatility since 1700 to offer three stylized facts: commodity price volatility has not increased over time, commodities have always shown greater price volatility than manufactures, and world market integration breeds less commodity price volatility. Thus, economic isolation is associated with much greater commodity price volatility, while world market integration is associated with less.


According to economic analysis, common-law courts resolve individual legal disputes and create new, judge-made law. In this article, I study both functions in a civil-law context by analyzing data for nine German labor courts of appeal (Landesarbeitsgerichte) in the period 1980-1996. Output of these courts is measured by the number of resolved cases, settlements, and published opinions. Performance in each of these measures depends on judges' incentives and external factors, as behavioral production functions reveal: Firstly, output varies with judicial experience in a manner that suggests an impact of career concerns on effort and performance. Secondly, more change on the labor market gives rise to new legal problems and, therefore, leads to a larger number of published opinions. Since these are a proxy for judicial lawmaking, this finding suggests that judge-made law is an important ingredient of German labor law: It clarifies statutes and updates previous court opinions.


Growth media composition needs to be considered because it can affect the growth and development of white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). Wood factory waste in the form of sawdust is commonly used as oyster mushroom's growth media. However, problem arises when the source of growing media is difficult to access from the cultivation location. There's a need for an alternative mushroom growing media that is cheap and accessible. Some of them are rice bran, soybean husk, and bagasse which are agricultural wastes. Therefore, this study aimed to obtain the best media composition for oyster mushroom's growth and production. This study was compiled using one factor completely randomized design (CRD) namely, (M1) 1 kg of sengon sawdust and 1 ounce rice bran; (M2) 1 kg of sengon sawdust and 1 ounce soybean husk; (M3) 1 kg of sengon sawdust and 1 ounce bagasse; (M4) 1 kg of sengon sawdust, ounce rice bran and ounce soybean husk; (M5) 1 kg of sengon sawdust,  ounce rice bran and  ounce bagasse; and (M6) 1 kg of sengon sawdust, ounce rice bran, ounce soybean husk and ounce bagasse. Result showed that M2 and M4 media composition with soybean husk as one of the constituents was able to increase mushroom's stem diameter, number of mushroom caps, and the fresh weight of the mushroom. More than  ounces of rice bran and soybean husk was more optimal for supporting oyster mushroom growth than < ounces dosage.


In this work, the multiquark approach is used to analyze the spectroscopy of hidden-charm pentaquark states, motivated by recent discoveries at the LHCb collaboration. Using the SU(3) flavor representation, pentaquarks having $J^P = 5/2^-$ are arranged into 10 (decuplet) of the SU(3) flavor multiplets. The masses of pentaquarks are calculated using the extension of the Gursey-Radicati mass formula and the effective mass scheme. Also, we calculated the magnetic moments of the hidden-charm pentaquarks using the effective mass and shielded charge technique. Further, we suggested the possible production modes for $J^P = 5/2^-$ pentaquarks from the decay of bottom baryons, which consist of pentaquark states as intermediate states. Our results for masses demonstrate reasonable agreement with the available data and our analysis for both masses and magnetic moments may be useful for future experimental studies.


A lithography technique for patterning one-dimensional (1-D) nanoscale grating features based on surface plasmon (SP) interference is demonstrated both experimentally and numerically. We report a cost-effective, single-exposure maskless plasmonic lithography to generate 156-nm periodic grating lines at an exposure wavelength of 364 nm.


This work aimed to study the technical feasibility of using industrial gypsum, expanded polystyrene (EPS), and cellulose solid wastes in the production of acoustic insulation panels for buildings. Five traces of acrylic gypsum matrix were produced with variations in the proportions of cellulosic pulp and EPS and always maintaining the same proportion of recycled gypsum and water. The composites produced were tested according to the ISO 10534-2 (2015) standard for the determination of the coefficient of sound absorption and ABNT NBR 14715-2 (2010) for bending tests. The results didn't show statistically significant differences in the coefficient of sound absorption with variations in the quantities of each material. However, the sonic frequency of the tests directly influenced the results, presenting a better performance at a low frequency (250 Hz). The results qualify the composite produced for use as acoustic insulation and can be used in plates for sound reflection in buildings in places where it doesn't require resistance to great stresses.


The developing trend of history,the social duty and the actual state of the university require the university in China be developed into "a learning society".The leadership and teachers in university should change the traditional learning concept into new learning concept of sustainable development,build a stable learning system and learning atmosphere,intensify the function of "rewarding the kind and punishing the evil",attach importance to education practice and so on,so that we could develop modern university into a new learning society.


Acroclisoides solus Grissell and Smith, new species, is the first representative of the genus reported in the Western Hemisphere. Specimens were collected in Hardy County, West Virginia, and Fairfax County, Virginia, USA. The biology of most species of Acroclisoides, including A. solus, is unknown. Of the 13 Eastern Hemisphere species, six are associated with eggs of Pentatomidae and/or Scutelleridae (Heteroptera), with at least four of these reared as hyperparasitoids of scelionid (Scelionidae: Hymenoptera) primary egg parasitoids. It seems likely that all species of Acroclisoides will be found to be associated with heteropteran eggs, possibly as facultative or obligate hyperparasitoids through primary parasitoid hosts.


Assessment of the present health of existing concrete structures is necessary, particularly for enhancing the life of the infrastructure facilities reaching the end of their design life. The codes stipulate establishment of site-specific correlation expressions to estimate the compressive strength of concrete from indirect non-destructive tests (NDT) such as rebound hammer or ultrasonic pulse velocity tests. However, in certain circumstances, requisite number of partially destructive (core) tests required for establishing the site-specific equations might not be feasible. In such scenario, selection of a suitable correlation expression from literature has to be performed in a rational way, as discussed in this article with a case study of a 40-year-old concrete building. From the study, it has been ob-served that for the limited number of direct tests, the Indian code stipulation resulted in higher characteristic strength of concrete as compared to the parametric estimation, which can be attributed to the assumption of Normal distribution and code stipulated (conservative) standard deviation value. In case of the indirect estimation cases, the parametric characteristic strength was pretty close to the corresponding non-parametric values indicat-ing that the fitted distributions represented the strength values very well. Recommendations for the suitable cor-relation expression from literature applicable for estimation of equivalent strength from NDT for the structure, recommendation for characteristic compressive strength of concrete and the suggestions for accounting for the inaccuracies in estimated strength in subsequent structural re-analysis have been provided from the results of the study.


............................................................................................................................ iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................................... v DEDICATION.......................................................................................................................... v TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................................................... vii LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................... x LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................ xi CHAPTER ONE ...................................................................................................................... 2 1.0 INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................... 2 1.1 Background of the Study ................................................................................................. 2 1.2 Problem Statement ........................................................................................................... 6 1.3 General Objective ............................................................................................................ 7 1.4 Specific Objectives .......................................................................................................... 7 1.5 Significance of the Study ................................................................................................ 7 1.6 Scope of the Study ........................................................................................................... 7 1.6 Definition of Terms ......................................................................................................... 8 1.8 Chapter Summary ............................................................................................................ 9 CHAPTER TWO ................................................................................................................... 10 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................... 11 2.


Here an asymptotic study to the N-dimensional radial Schrödinger equation for the quark-antiquark interaction potential employing asymptotic iteration method via an ansatz to the wavefunction is carried out. The complete energy spectra of the consigned system is obtained by computing and adding energy eigenvalues for ground state, for large "r" and for small "r". From this analysis, the mass spectra of heavy quarkonia is derived in three dimensions. Our analytical and numerical results are in good correspondence with other experimental and theoretical studies.


Abstract The pandemic caused by the new coronavirus has impacted social interactions and lifestyle habits, including changes in the context of food. To promote health education, several food and nutrition guides were developed for the population. This study, of qualitative approach, carried out a reflexive analysis of four food and nutrition guides made during the pandemic, by content analysis, and identified three thematic axes: (1) meal planning; (2) cleaning of purchases and food; and (3) healthy eating food choice. The analyzed guides provide guidance on practical aspects of food and nutrition in this period of uncertainty regarding health protection. However, the approach to themes encompassing the individual's integral health such as: food security and cultural, symbolic, and macrosocial aspects related to food choices, showed a gap.


It is common practice to utilize a series of different hormonal agents in the treatment of postmenopausal women who, despite disease progression, continue to be candidates for hormonal therapy on a clinical basis. Letrozole is a new highly selective and potent aromatase inhibitor. There are limited data on third‐line hormonal therapy in general, and this study was undertaken to evaluate letrozole in this context.


Reactor core design is inherently a multi-objective problem which spans a large design space, and potentially larger objective space. This process relies on high-fidelity models to probe the design space, and sophisticated computer codes to calculate the important physics occurring in the reactor. In the past, the design space has been reduced by individuals with extensive knowledge of reactor core design; however, this approach is not always available. In this paper, we utilize a set of high-fidelity models to generate a reduced-order model, and couple this with a genetic algorithm to quickly and effectively optimize a preliminary design for a prototypical sodium fast reactor. We also examine augmenting the genetic algorithm with physical programming to generate the fitness function(s) that evaluates the degree to which a core has been optimized. Physical programming is used in two variations of multi-objective optimization and is compared with a traditional weighting scheme to examine the solutions present on the Pareto front.
Optimization on the reduced-order model produces a set of solutions on the Pareto front for a designer to examine. The uncertainty for the objective functions examined in the reduced-order model is less than 7% for the given designs, and improves as additional data points are employed. Utilizing a reduced-order model can significantly reduce the computation time and storage to perform preliminary optimization. Physical programming was shown to reduce the objective space when compared with a traditional weighting scheme. It also provides an intuitive and computationally efficient way to produce a Pareto front that meets the designer's objectives.


This paper gives a simple comparsion between the NPV method and ROA method.As a result,some shortcomings about NPV are pointed out and a suggestion of using ROA to valuing uncertain and irrevisible projects is provided.In the meantime,the paper discusses a log-transformed binomial model.In the end,a procedure of making decision on the investment is provided and an example is given.


It is generally recognized that social behavior can be independently maintained in an individual through a variety of self-reinforcing consequences. Most contemporary treatments of internalized moral responses have been primarily concerned, however, with their prohibitive and punitive aspects. The commonly held view is that a child's reactions to his transgressions, and his inhibitory responses, become independent of the external sanctions from which they derive when he uses standards of moral judgment to evaluate his own actions. The phenomenon of guilt, for example, with its clearly implied cognitive properties of self-evaluation, is typically given a central place in mediating many different internalized responses to transgression. Freud (11, ch. 8), in setting forth the concept of the superego, stressed the role of self-critical resources based on the incorporation of parental standards. Whiting and Child (33, ch. II) have used the tendency of people to blame themselves for their illnesses as an index of "moral anxiety" in a society. Sears, Maccoby, and Levin (30, ch. Io) regard self-instruction from the child's own standards of conduct as a fundamental criterion of conscience, and Ausubel (4) states that guilt is essential to fully internalized moral reactions. Other investigations by Heinecke (12) and by Miller, Swanson, et al. (20o) have taken intensity of guilt as an indicator of "strength of superego formation" or of "severity of standards." The findings of a number of recent studies actually call into question the assumption that self-evaluation is requisite to internalized responses to transgression. Aronfreed (2) has described a detailed assessment of children's responses to transgression indicating that such responses take many forms and often occur in the absence of self-criticism. Reactions which are usually taken to be moral, such as confession and reparation, frequently


BACKGROUND
Hereditary disordered cardiac muscle could be replaced with intact cardiomyocytes derived from genetically intact bone marrow (BM)-derived stem cells.

METHODS AND RESULTS
Cardiomyopathic mice with targeted mutation of delta-sarcoglycan gene underwent intra-BM-BM transplantation (IBM-BMT) from transgenic mice expressing green fluorescence protein. The host BM and the peripheral blood were completely reconstituted by donor-derived hematopoietic cells by IBM-BMT. Treatment with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) markedly increased donor-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in the BM and their mobilization into the peripheral blood after IBM-BMT. Treatment with isoproterenol (iso) for 7 days caused myocardial damage and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in the cardiomyopathic mice. Co-treatment with iso and G-CSF increased donor BM cell recruitment to the heart and temporarily improved LV function in the cardiomyopathic mice with or without IBM-BMT. However, the cardiac muscle was not replaced with donor BM-derived cardiomyocytes in the cardiomyopathic mice with or without IBM-BMT, and this was associated with no improvement of LV function of mice aged 20 weeks.

CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that G-CSF enhances engraftment of donor MSC in the BM and their mobilization into the peripheral circulation after IBM-BMT but MSC recruited to the heart do not differentiate into cardiomyocytes and do not repair the dystrophic heart.


It deals with the relationship between information and archeology. The article presents the objective of understanding the importance of archaeological remains in unraveling the secrets of man's past, the need to know their origins and where it came from having as inputs the information that can be transcribed in the brackets that are written symbols of ancient civilizations. The methodological approach adopted was accomplished through an exploratory bibliographical based on ideas of authors such as Azevedo Netto (2008) and Baker (2010), without giving the views of other thinkers on the subject addressed in the work. Ends understand the existence of the direct link between archaeological artifacts and historical information, considering that the man in antiquity already had a need for communication and used various means to establish this, but in addition, buildings and other elements that still haunt this theme, the lack of information about primitive societies, deserve to be studied to try to achieve answers to the questions of the past history of human beings. It is believed that these questions was more touched that emerged archeology that will address its activities in the past for the origin of the many identities of humanity.


The sound localization of barn owls with respect to horizontal and vertical direction is based on analysis of the interaural differences in arrival time and the intensity of sound, respectively. So, we are studying the sound source localization system of birds in the field of engineering. In this paper we suggest a filter model, which analyzes algorithms in bird's brains. The model outputs waveforms with information (time or intensity difference) by using a hardware neuron model. As a result, it is shown in the filter model that by changing the parameters of the synapse, information can be selected from the mixed signal.


: This research aims to find out the emerging translation strategies of Indonesian subtitle for English taboo texts in the Get Hard movie and discover the effect of the translation strategies toward the translation quality. In finding the data, the researcher employs the embedded design, a mixed-methods design, to apply the theory of translation strategy proposed by Gottlieb using a qualitative method and Translation Quality Assessment proposed by House using a quantitative method. There are 6 emerging translation strategies in translating taboo text; 128 Paraphrasing Strategy (43% or 128 data), Transfer Strategy (25% or 73 data), Imitation Strategy (4% or 12 data), Condensation Strategy (26% or 76 data), Dislocation Strategy (1% or 3 data), and Transcription Strategy (1% or 2 data). It means paraphrasing strategy is dominant strategy used by the translator.


Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is among the most common endocrine disorders of premenopausal women, affecting 5-15% of this population depending on the diagnostic criteria applied. It is characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction and polycystic ovarian morphology. PCOS is a leading risk factor for type 2 diabetes in young women. PCOS is highly heritable, but only a small proportion of this heritability can be accounted for by the common genetic susceptibility variants identified to date. To test the hypothesis that rare genetic variants contribute to PCOS pathogenesis, we performed whole-genome sequencing on DNA from 62 families with one or more daughters with PCOS. We tested for associations of rare variants with PCOS and its concomitant hormonal traits using a quantitative trait meta-analysis. We found rare variants in DENND1A (P=5.31×10−5, Padj=0.019) that were significantly associated with reproductive and metabolic traits in PCOS families. Common variants in DENND1A have previously been associated with PCOS diagnosis in genome-wide association studies. Subsequent studies indicated that DENND1A is an important regulator of human ovarian androgen biosynthesis. Our findings provide additional evidence that DENND1A plays a central role in PCOS and suggest that rare noncoding variants contribute to disease pathogenesis.


We report on the coexistence of planar and bulk chiral effects in plasmonic Λ-shaped nanostructure arrays arising from symmetry breaking defects. The manifestation of bi- (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) chiral effects are revealed by means of polarization tomography and confirmed by symmetry considerations of the experimental Jones matrix. Notably, investigating the antisymmetric and symmetric parts of the Jones matrix points out the contribution of 2D and 3D chirality in the polarization conversion induced by the system whose eigenpolarizations attest to the coexistence of planar and bulk chirality. Furthermore, we introduce a generalization of the microscopic model of Kuhn, yielding to a physical picture of the origins of the observed planar chirality, circular birefringence, and dichroism, theoretically prohibited in symmetric Λ-shaped nanostructures.


I aim to shed light on why emergency room (ER) utilization increased following the Oregon Health Insurance Experiment but decreased following a Massachusetts policy. To do so, I unite the literatures on insurance and treatment effects. Under an MTE model that assumes no more than the LATE assumptions, comparisons across always takers, compliers, and never takers can inform the impact of polices that expand and contract coverage. Starting from the Oregon experiment as the "gold standard," I make comparisons within Oregon and extrapolate my findings to Massachusetts. Within Oregon, I find adverse selection and heterogeneous moral hazard. Although previous enrollees increased their ER utilization, evidence suggests that subsequent enrollees will be healthier, and they will decrease their ER utilization. Accordingly, I can reconcile the Oregon and Massachusetts results because the Massachusetts policy expanded coverage from a higher baseline, and new enrollees reported better health.


THE RENAL FUNCTIONS. Dr. FRIEDRICH STRAUIS (Frankfurt) reported his investigations into the physiology and pathology of the renal functions. He maintained that renal surgery now rested on a much more certain basis, owing to recent medical advances. This was due more particularly to modern methods of proving the function of each kidney which had thrown an entirely new light on our knowledge of surgical kidney affections. Straus then described his own investigations, which were all directed towards establishing the relative functions of both kidneys, both when healthy and diseased. Quantitatively his experiments showed, after analysis of the excretions, that in normal kidneys the function of each was exactly equal to the other. However, this function was subject to continuous momentary changes, which were equal in each kidney, this not being the case when one or other organ. was diseased. The speaker then dwelt on the importance of these observations in face of surgical interference with either kidney. His experiments were performed with ureter catheterization and subsequent quantitative analysis of the secretions as regards phosphoric acid, chlorine, sugar after phlorizin injection. The molecular density was also ascertained by means of lowering the freezing point.


The purpose of this study was to investigate elementary school students' perceptions about science, engineering and technology and their images of scientists, engineers, and technicians. In order to investigate students' images of scientists, engineers, technicians and student's perception of science, engineering, and technology, we used the tools "Draw a scientist at work, Draw an engineer at work, and Draw a technician at work." We have revised the tool DAST (Draw a scientist test), which was used in Fralick et al.'s study (2009). Subjects were 209 6th grade students sampled from an elementary school in G-city in Korea. According to the results of this study, the students' representative image of a scientist was similar to stereotypical scientist image in previous studies, but the students perceived science as a field of research with various professionals. The students' representative image of an engineer was a man with short hair, no beard or mustache, wearing ordinary clothes but no glasses. The engineer was designing or constructing a ship, a robot, a computer, and an airplane. The students' representative image of a technician was a man with short hair, wearing protective goggles and a mask for welding. The technician was fixing a car, a robot, a rocket, etc. and working with wrenches, hammers, screw drivers, welding machines, etc. Many students didn't perceive engineering and technology as fields of research. Also, many students didn't variously perceive engineering and technology as fields and ways of study.


This thesis discusses criteria and methods to evaluate visualisation programs. It introduces the discussed software and suggests methods for how to import CAD data to visualisation programs. In ...


Abstract Azimuthally travelling ocean waves are seldom well imaged by microwave real aperture radar (RAR) operating with conventional HH or VV polarizations. Attenuation of image intensity modulation in the azimuthal direction implies that ocean wave spectra derived from such images also will not be accurate. Real aperture radar cross-section modulation by long ocean waves is normally attributed to two principal sources, tilt modulation and hydrodynamic modulation. In ocean radar images both of these modulation sources are significantly attenuated in the azimuthal direction. Therefore, complete two-dimensional k-space wave spectra derived from microwave data often are quite different than physical ocean spectra. This paper uses fully-polarimetric radar measurements of ocean backscatter to identify a new source of backscatter modulation that is strongest in the azimuthal direction. This modulation source has potential for augmenting tilt and hydrodynamic modulation sources in the azimuthal direction where ...


The microphase segregation in the Nafion (DuPont trademark) perfluorinated membrane at different water contents was studied using molecular dynamics simulations. As the degree of solvation increased, we observed the formation of water clusters containing up to ca. 100 water molecules. In contrast to the conventional network models, the water clusters do not form a continuous hydrophilic subphase. The cluster size distribution is rather wide and evolves in time due to formation and break-up of temporary bridges between the clusters. This dynamic behavior of the cluster system allows for the macroscopic transfer of water and counterion. The calculated diffusion coefficients of water were found to be on the same order as the experimental ones.


The heat transfer characteristics of a hybrid sea-air vehicle designed to deliver weather sensing and tracking equipment into tropical cyclones were analyzed. Three studies were performed to account for possible mission scenarios. The vehicle's transient response to sudden exposure of direct sunlight was estimated. Responses to typical daily solar and temperature cycles were calculated. Using a simplified hurricane model, the vehicle's transit into a nominal tropical storm was simulated. Material emissivity was examined to determine its effect. Based on the results of these studies, maximum internal conditions the vehicle may experience were obtained, specifically limits on the ratio of internal pressure to surrounding atmospheric pressure. This research shows that, to withstand the maximum thermal stress expected, a vehicle of this type must be able to tolerate direct sunlight without a relative wind as well as the low atmospheric pressure conditions of the storm eye.


The existence of a model for representing the performance of metaheuristics applied to solve problems with high computational requirements is paramount to determine the solution quality given a certain avaliable run-time and vice versa. In this work, a statistical model is proposed to describe the performance of evolutionary algorithms applied to solve the Root Identification Problem. Given an unknown problem size, a parameter setting and a performance model are estimated for two well-known evolutionary algorithms, Population-Based Incremental Learning (PBIL) and Cross generational elitist selection Heterogeneus recombination and Cataclismic mutation (CHC). The performance model is validated over a benchmark corresponding to huge search spaces.


factured by the Navy League .. . ." Now, to the European who, devoid of prejudices, has taken the trouble of questioning people in different walks of life, or of simply listening to conversations, things do not present themselves at all in this light. It has been said that clergymen and educators are almost unanimously adverse to preparation for war. Yet, a poll taken on preparedness among Presbyterian clergymen by a Chicago magazine showed 270 favoring larger armaments, and only 50 opposed to it; on the other hand, an inquiry made by The World last December proved that former Presidents of the United States, governors, university presidents, and leading business men of this country were unanimous in the opinion that preparedness should be dealt with by the Congress "immediately, without regard to politics." To a foreign military observer, the growing popularity of summer camps for students and business men, and the steady increase in the membership of the National Guard, are the best signs of a change for the better in public opinion in respect to matters of national defence.


The paper investigates compressed domain processing of binary visual data, namely binary images and binary shape masks. Generalised finite transducers are used for manipulation of binary images and shape masks. The experimental results are presented that show the gain in speed when processing visual data in the compressed form. Moreover, no quality loss occurs when visual data is processed in this way. Finally, the potential applications of this technique are suggested and shortcomings are discussed.


11surficial sediment samples in Changxing Island and the adjacent area were selected and analyzed by the traditional grain size analysis method.Based on sediment grain size characteristics,the hydrodynamic environment was estimated in the sea area.The results showed that the attenuation of sediment average grain size and sorting coefficient showed the same transporting direction.The 5% content of gravel,very coarse sand and coarse sand,and 20% very fine sand and silt may be the prevailing direction and velocity of bottom current successfully.


The purpose of the study was to find out the effect of concurrent strength and aerobic endurance training on selected physical variables among college men. The study was formulated as a pre and post test random group design, in which forty five men students were randomly assigned into three equal groups and each group consisting of 15 subjects. Group I acted as aerobic endurance training group (AETG, n = 15), Group II acted as concurrent strength and aerobic endurance training group (CSAETG, n = 15) and Group III acted as control group (CG, n = 15). Pre – test was conducted. After assessing the pre – test performance on criterion variables, the subjects were treated with their respective training programme for twelve weeks. After twelve weeks of their training programme, again the subjects were tested (Post-test) on selected criterion variables as such in the pre – test. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was computed because the subjects were selected random, but the groups were not equated in relation to the factors to be examined. Hence the difference between means of the three groups in the pre-test had to be taken into account during the analysis of the post-test differences between the means. This was achieved by the application of the analysis of covariance, where the final means were adjusted for differences in the initial means, and the adjusted means were tested for significance. Whenever the adjusted post-test means were found significant, the Scheffe's post-hoc test was administer to find out the paired means difference. To test the obtained results on variables, level of significance 0.05 was chosen and considered as sufficient for the study. The concurrent strength and aerobic endurance training improved better than aerobic endurance training and control groups on selected physical variables among college men.


Background: Women who have been successfully treated for breast cancer have been shown to have significantly greater dyspnea and activity restriction than healthy individuals but contributory mechanisms are unknown. Methods: We therefore compared dyspnea assessments, respiratory and peripheral muscle strength, pulmonary function tests and cardiopulmonary responses to incremental treadmill exercise in 29 women treated for breast cancer and 29 age-matched healthy controls. Results: On average, the cancer group had a >20% (p 10% lower at rest and throughout exercise in the cancer group, resulting in an earlier tidal volume inflection/plateau and a shallower breathing pattern at high exercise intensities (all p Conclusions: Activity-related dyspnea, global skeletal muscle weakness and deconditioning were more pronounced in the cancer group than in healthy controls. Greater exertional dyspnea in the cancer group was associated with greater inspiratory muscle weakness, reduced IC and tidal volume expansion during exercise. The corollary is that specific inspiratory muscle training in conjunction with general reconditioning may relieve dyspnea and improve exercise tolerance in breast cancer survivors.


Einstein's field equations with G and both varying with time are considered in the context of general homogeneous, isotropic universes in a way which conserves the energy momentum tensor of the matter content. It is found that the solutions of the field equations, which are based on the variation of as but with different constants of proportionality, describe significantly different cosmological scenarios. It is also found that the non-static models with constant density having a vacuum-like equation of state are endowed with inflation for a wide class of functions G(t) and and a static universe with constant density without the vacuum-like equation of state, can exist only for k = 1 with constant G and .


An interaction study was performed with mycorrhizal plants of the grapevine rootstock Richter 110 (Vitis berlandieri Planch × Vitis rupestris Scheele) and the root pathogenic fungus Armillaria mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P. Kumm using an autotrophic in vitro culture system. Micropropagated plantlets were transferred to Petri plates with MSR medium lacking sugar and vitamins. Inocula of Glomus intraradices (BEG 72) and of Armillaria mellea obtained from a root organ culture and from a mycelium colony grown in malt agar respectively, were added to the plates according to each treatment: non-inoculated, inoculated with G. intraradices, inoculated with A. mellea, and dual-inoculated plants. There were ten replicates per treatment. Fourteen weeks later, the pathogen's mycelium occupied most of the surface/volume of the plate and had produced rhizomorphs. In dual inoculated plates, A. mellea's growth was not affected by the presence of G. intraradices, but the latter produced a lower number of spores and its extraradical phase showed granulation, vacuolation and tip swelling. The pathogen induced necrosis and growth decrease in the root. Glomus intraradices alleviated these symptoms and there were no differences in root biomass between non-inoculated plants and plants inoculated with both fungi. There were no symptoms of the disease in shoots and G. intraradices stimulated shoot growth both, although mycorrhizal colonization was lower when A. mellea was present. No direct antagonism or antibiosis against the pathogen was observed, thus the protective effect exerted by the symbiotic fungus in grapevines must be indirect, mediated through the host plant physiology.


--This paper proposes the PWM based on fault tolerant control strategy for multi-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor and also provides the comparison of three phase and five phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) in terms of various types of fault accurse in the five phase (PMSM). At the end the paper simulation results are provided of current, rotor speed and rotor torque of both the three phases and five faze PMSM.


Synopsis: A hybrid blast furnace simulator has been developed on the basis of mathematical model and experiments by combining differential fixed-bed reactor and micro computers. Assuming that the burden and gas phase moved counter-currently in the blast furnace, the experimental conditions were calculated in real time by putting in situ measured rates of reduction and solution loss to the differential equations of mass and heat balance, and the new experimental conditions were set at next stage. The simulation was performed by repeating the sequence. (1) If simulation conditions were set up so as to fit the burdens, the simulation successfully proceeded and the longitudinal distribution of process variables in B.F. could be expected precisely according to the reactivity of burdens. (2) When the operations with pellet and sinter were simulated, thermal reserve zone was longer and smelting reduction began at lower temperatures for the former than for the latter. (3) With lower coke rate, reduction hardly proceeded and burden was heated up during short descending. On the other hand, with higher coke rate, although reduction proceeded fast, burdens remained at low temperatures.


Abstract Study of the life settings in which patients fall ill reveals that illness is commonly preceded by a period of psychological disturbance, during which the individual feels unable to cope. ...


In this paper we examine various sequences (Xn)n∈N of real random variables arising naturally in connection with certain combinatorial structures. The goal is to investigate sufficient conditions for convergence to the standard normal distribution upon centering and normalization. By studying signed binomial sums, Stirling numbers of both kinds, and factorial moments, we obtain certain cancellations in the computation of centred moments E[(Xn−E[Xn])]. This allows us to conclude that Xn−E[Xn] V ar Xn d −→ N(0, 1) when the factorial moments E[(Xn)k] are rational functions satisfying some simple conditions on the coefficients. A particular class of such random variables are those whose factorial moments are products and quotients of falling factorials in n; we apply our result in this situation and we discuss specific examples arising from block statistics of k-divisible noncrossing partitions and from outdegree statistics of rooted plane trees with k-divisible outdegrees.


The key issue in determining the lifetime of wireless sensor network (WSN) is the energy burning up of individual node. The cluster based routing improves the energy usage of WSN compared to other routing approach. In this paper, an effective multi-level cluster algorithm using link correlation is proposed for heterogeneous WSN.The heterogeneous nodes are adopted as level-k cluster heads and implementing network coding on those nodes increases network lifetime significantly. Meanwhile, implementing time division multiple access (TDMA) technique within a cluster creates an organized cluster architecture improving the energy efficiency. How to make efficient data routing in energy constrained wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is one of the key points. In order to find the optimal path of data transmission in the WSNs, a new routing algorithm based on ant colony algorithm is proposed. Using the improved heuristic function and considering the node communication transmission distance, transmission direction and residual energy, an optimal path from the source node to the destination node can be found. Thus the network energy consumption is reduced and the network lifetime is prolonged Simulation results show that new ant algorithm can effectively save the energy of nodes and prolong the network lifetime.


Aedes albopictus, also known as the Asian tiger mosquito, is an aggressive invasive mosquito species that transmits parasites that cause several major human diseases such as dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika. Its recent establishment in many European countries and the reported autochthonous cases of Aedes-transmitted arboviral diseases highlight the importance of effective surveillance programs to plan and implement efficient mosquito-control interventions. Aedes albopictus invaded the Greek island of Crete in 2014 and rapidly spread throughout; however, there are no comprehensive population-related data yet available. Our study focused on spatial and temporal dynamics of Ae. albopictus populations in rural and agricultural areas in Chania (western part of the Crete Island). An oviposition surveillance network, consisting of 51 ovitraps, was established in 2017 and systematically inspected for 2 years. Thirty ovitraps were established in rural areas and 21 in the surrounding agricultural areas. Eggs were collected weekly and transferred to the laboratory for counting and assessment of hatching rates. The spatial and temporal egg distribution was assessed by using geographical information systems and spatial statistical analysis tools. Kernel density and hot spot analysis were employed to identify clusters of high populations of eggs. Oviposition activity (eggs in traps) was recorded during April–May and December (of both years), while the maximum egg-laying rates were observed during September–October. The proportion of traps with eggs was similar between rural and agricultural areas, while the higher number of eggs was recorded in rural compared to agricultural areas during 2017. Egg hatch rates were high (>90%) until the end of September. The proportion of diapausing non-hatched eggs rapidly increased at the end of November. All hatched larvae were identified as Ae. Albopictus, indicating a negative effect of the invasion on the population of the local species Ae. cretinus. This was a systematic attempt to monitor the seasonal and spatial patterns of the Asian tiger mosquito in the island of Crete, the southernmost area of Europe, and a study in Europe that assessed temporal and spatial dynamics of Ae. albopictus soon after its invasion and establishment in an area.


Background Cyclin‐dependent kinase (CDK) 4 and 6 inhibitors have significantly improved survival in patients with hormone receptor–positive metastatic breast cancer. There are few data regarding the epidemiology of cardiovascular adverse events (CVAEs) with these therapies. Methods and Results Using the OneFlorida Data Trust, adult patients without prior cardiovascular disease who received at least 1 CDK4/6 inhibitor were included in the analysis. CVAEs identified from International Classification of Diseases, Ninth and Tenth Revisions (ICD‐9/10) codes included hypertension, atrial fibrillation(AF)/atrial flutter (AFL), heart failure/cardiomyopathy, ischemic heart disease, and pericardial disease. Competing risk analysis (Fine–Gray model) was used to determine the association between CDK4/6 inhibitor therapy and incident CVAEs. The effect of CVAEs on all‐cause death was studied using Cox proportional hazard models. Propensity‐weight analyses were performed to compare these patients to a cohort of patients treated with anthracyclines. A total of 1376 patients treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors were included in the analysis. CVAEs occurred in 24% (35.9 per 100 person‐years). CVAEs were slightly higher in patients who received CKD4/6 inhibitors compared with anthracyclines (P=0.063), with higher death rate associated with the development of AF/AFL or cardiomyopathy/heart failure in the CDK4/6 group. The development of cardiomyopathy/heart failure and AF/AFL was associated with increased all‐cause death (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 4.89 [95% CI, 2.98–8.05]; and 5.88 [95% CI, 3.56–9.73], respectively). Conclusions CVAEs may be more common with CDK4/6 inhibitors than previously recognized, with increased death rates in these patients who develop AF/AFL or heart failure. Further research is needed to definitively determine cardiovascular risk associated with these novel anticancer treatments.


The simultaneous renal clearances of iothalamate sodium I 125, cyanocobalamin Co 57, and inulin were compared in 19 patients with a variety of renal diseases. The renal clearances of both iothalamate sodium I 125 and cyanocobalamin Co 57 are not statistically different from the clearance of inulin or from each other. Plasma protein binding was insignificant with iothalamate sodium I 125 but averaged 22% with cyanocobalamin Co 57 with a considerable variation between patients. These observations, as well as a lower cost per study, suggest that iothalamate sodium I 125 is an excellent radioactive material to substitute for inulin clearance when measuring the glomerular filtration rate in man.


Abstract Arenga obtusifolia or "langkap" is an invasive palm that interferes with the growth of native vegetation in Ujung Kulon National Park. This study aims to map A. obtusifolia distribution in Ujung Kulon using PRISMA hyperspectral imagery and MESMA (Multiple Endmember Spectral Mixture Analysis). 38 spectra samples for the A. obtusifolia, sand, wetland vegetation and other vegetation were collected, and optimized using the IES (Iterative Endmember Selection), Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) and Automated MUsic and Spectral Separability based Endmember Selection (AMUSES) algorithms. Here, different schemes of MESMA were tested by using spectral weighting (SPEC) and stable zone unmixing (STABLE). Our results demonstrated that MESMA and PRISMA data was able to identify A. obtusifolia with the accuracy ranging from 55.36 (AMUSES-STABLE) to 83.93% (MUSIC-STABLE). Our results indicated the potential of MESMA and PRISMA hyperspectral data using optimized spectra from MUSIC and stable zone unmixing for mapping invasive A. obtusifolia.


Submitted for the DPP06 Meeting of The American Physical Society A numerical investigation of Landau damping by bounce-resonant particles GRANT W. HART, BRYAN G. PETERSON, Brigham Young University — There is very little damping by particles which are velocity-resonant with an electrostatic wave in a non-neutral plasma because they remain in resonance only until they bounce off the end. The time spent in turning around dephases the particle from the wave. Particles which have a higher midplane velocity which compensates for the turn-around time remain coherent with the wave in an average sense and cause damping of the wave1. Previous attempts to measure Landau damping in non-neutral plasma Particle-in-Cell (PIC) codes have been unsuccessful because the mode amplitudes had to be too large for the damping to be linear. This was because of the density fluctuations caused by the limited number of particles. With increases in processing speed and memory available, we have been able to simulate modes small enough that the damping is linear for a substantial period of time. Velocity space diagnostics clearly show the damping is due to the bounce-resonant particles. Cutting off the distribution function in velocity space shows the expected effect of first increasing the damping, followed by a decrease. The mode frequency also shifts by more than expected as the cutoff passes through the bounce-resonant velocity. 1M. E. Koepke, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc., 49, 40 (2004). Grant Hart Brigham Young University Date submitted: 21 Jul 2006 Electronic form version 1.4


To fill an N-sided hole on a NURBS surface and to blend a corner formed by NURBS surfaces, we propose a regular N-sided open uniform quadratic subdivision surface derived by applying the open uniform quadratic subdivision scheme to a regular N-sided control mesh which is confined to the hole or to the region of the vertex blend. Boundary conditions such as C 0 and G 1 -continuity required for the hole filling and vertex blending, are ensured by certain refinement steps performed in the course of the subdivision. The shape of the filling or blending surface is controlled by using fullness parameters. Methods are also proposed to represent the resulting regular N-sided open uniform quadratic subdivision surface using non-uniform rational B-spline surfaces.


Metrology of XUV beams and more specifically X-ray laser (XRL) beam is of crucial importance for development of applications. We have then developed several new optical systems enabling to measure the x-ray laser optical properties. By use of a Michelson interferometer working as a Fourier-Transform spectrometer, the line shapes of different x-ray lasers have been measured with an unprecedented accuracy (δλ/λ~10-6). Achievement of the first XUV wavefront sensor has enable to measure the beam quality of laser-pumped as well as discharge pumped x-ray lasers. Capillary discharge XRL has demonstrated a very good wavefront allowing to achieve intensity as high 3*1014 Wcm-2 by focusing with a f = 5 cm mirror. The measured sensor accuracy is as good as λ/120 at 13 nm. Commercial developments are under way.


Ferrite particle-dispersed carbon composite were synthesized by in-situ pressure pyrolysis of organometallic polymers at temperatures from 500 to 700°C under 125 MPa. Magnetite-dispersed carbon composite could be prepared from 550 to 700°C at 125 MPa. Nickel and nickel zinc ferrite particles were dispersed in carbon matrices at 550°C and 500°C, respectively, under 125 MPa. The morphology of the carbon matrix can be controlled by the pyrolysis conditions and the amount of coexistent supercritical water. Carbon spherulites of several micrometers dispersed with ferrite particles less than 100 nm were successfully synthesized by pressure pyrolysis of organometallic polymers in the presence of supercritical water. The saturation magnetization of magnetite-, nickel ferrite- and nickel zinc ferrite-dispersed carbon were 74, 30 and 65 emu/g, respectively. The coercive force of nickel ferrite-dispersed carbon was about 200 Oe.


This paper focuses on the new architecture of Cohesion Policy andthe new European financial framework within which it is set. The discussion is dividedinto five sections. Section one examines the structure of the new European FinancialFramework, highlighting its impact on financial transfers between Europeand Spain. In section two the new architecture of Cohesion Policy is explained,pointing out the relationships with related agriculture and fisheries policies and endingwith an assessment of the principal features of the new Cohesion policy architecture.Section three examines the financial resources behind Cohesion Policy andtheir distribution in Spain. In section four the discussion shifts to a consideration ofthe concepts of convergence and the nature of regions. Finally the conclusion suggeststhat there are significant administrative, financial and strategic planning implicationsof the new financial framework and remodelled Cohesion policy: for economicdevelopment in general and for regional development in particular over thecoming years.


The article covers the fundamental factors of health and aims to define the concept of health. Pilots' psychological and physiological challenges, occupational diseases are considered. The meaning of health to our lives is analysed and the ways to maintain and improve our health are presented.


Aim and Background: Bacterial infections of the genital system are common causes of infertility. One of the most important causes of male infertility is seminal and genital tract infections. In the meantime, a wide range of bacteria, in varying degrees, contribute to infertility in men. Helicobacter pylori may be involve in infertility. Because antibodies against this bacteria have been significantly detected in the genital fluids of infertile patients. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of Helicobacter pylori in the semen of the infertile men with rapid molecular PCR method and determine its percentage. Materials and Methods: 100 samples of semen collected from Saram hospital and DNA Extracted from these specimens using Boiling/DNG_PLUS method. Optimized PCR test was performed on samples. PCR test evaluated from the respect sensitivity and specificity. Results: In this study, amplicon with the size of 294 bp, observed with agarose electrophoresis. In the specificity test, primers created only a band for H.pylori DNA. Of the 100 samples tested, only 10 samples (10%) were positive for DNA of H.pylori. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, H.pylori may be one of the bacterial agents that can be considered for male infertility, of course requires further studies. While PCR is suitable, quick and sensitive molecular technique for detection of H.pylori in infertile men.


By synthetically applying relevant theories about management accounting, managerial economics and quantitative economics and setting up the demand function, this paper obtains the most optimum sales mix based on profit maximization, thus removing limitations of personal estimation in traditional sales forecast. Additionally, the paper sets up an integrated, scientific activity-based budgeting system by using activity-based costing (ABC).


1. The development of fatigue in isolated toad sartorius undergoing short, periodic, isometric tetani of controlled duration, was studied. Stimulation was direct and curare was used.


Many distributed monitoring applications of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) require the location information of a sensor node. In this article, we address the problem of enabling nodes of Wireless Sensor Networks to determine their location in an untrusted environment, known as the secure localization problem. We propose a novel range-independent localization algorithm called SeRLoc that is well suited to a resource constrained environment such as a WSN. SeRLoc is a distributed algorithm based on a two-tier network architecture that allows sensors to passively determine their location without interacting with other sensors. We show that SeRLoc is robust against known attacks on a WSNs such as the wormhole attack, the Sybil attack, and compromise of network entities and analytically compute the probability of success for each attack. We also compare the performance of SeRLoc with state-of-the-art range-independent localization schemes and show that SeRLoc has better performance.


Many studies show that echocardiography is important to assess the efficacy of cardiac resynchronization therapy( CRT) in patients with chronic heart failure( CHF). There are many new types of echocardiography that can be used to evaluate mechanical dyssynchrony of atrioventricular,interventricular,and intraventricular before CRT is performed. Echocardiography also plays a vital role in the synchronous evaluation of CRT,guiding the pacing electrode placement,and prediction of CRT effectiveness. It is not only convenient and noninvasive,but also repeatable. However,more research is needed to further elucidate the function of echocardiography in CRT.


In this paper,the flow of bacterial nitrogen (BN) and bacterial amino acid were determined,respectively,using the microbial marker 2,6diaminopimelic acid(DAPA)method in soybean meal based diets with different level of the peahull(4%,8% and 12%)and the rice hull(8%)fed to growing pigs.Five Yorkshire barrows(about 30 kg BW)equipped with PVCT for collection of ileal digesta were fed one of the diets according to a 5×5 Latin square design.The experimental results showed that 7453% to 90% of the total nitrogen in feces and 3094% to 5026% of the total nitrogen in ileal digesta were of bacterial origin.The differences ranged from 1985(Proline)to 5142(Arginine)percentage units in the flow of each amino acid at the terminal ileum were bacterial amino acid.Whereas,the rate of bacterial contribution to endogenous amino acids flow in ileal digesta was great,and the different value ranged from 3049%(Proline)to 9850%(Leucine).When the effect on the flow of BN and bacterial amino acid in ileal digesta were compared between the diet of peahull and rice hull,4% peahull had a similar effect to 8% rice hull,but the effect of 8% or 12% peahull was greater than that of 8% rice hull.


A discussion of a paper with the aforementioned title by D.V. Jauregui et al., published in this journal (Volume 8, Number 4, July/August 2003), is presented. The authors are commended for their work on the measurement of vertical deflection of bridges using digital close-range terrestrial photogrammetry. The discussers points out that, due to temperature differences, the laser or photographic optical beam in optical measuring systems is affected by any variation of the index of refraction of the air. The authors should examine the order of magnitude of the possible error due to variations of the index of refraction of the air. Other measurement systems are suggested.


The current paper shows that all the planar linkages can be constructed from given components called, Assur Graphs, which can be ordered in a table with infinite numbers of rows and columns. In the paper we term this order the canonical form of the planar linkages. This canonical form is proved to be an ordered hierarchy of several levels, enabling systematic generation of all its members. The work has originated from the concept of Assur groups, long known in the field of kinematics, and used to decompose any linkage into basic kinematical atoms. In this paper we introduce a systematic procedure for generating all Assur groups thus finding all the topologies of plane linkages. The work in 2D is based upon known but new mathematical theorems which prove it to be complete and sound. The paper also indicates how this work can be extended into 3D linkages. The mathematical foundation of this work contains several new theorems that have been published by the rigidity theory community during the past six years.Copyright © 2009 by ASME


The growing HIV/AIDS epidemic in Russia is a national security issue. Russia's rate of infection is the most rapid in the world, and its government is doing little to address the issue. In certain cases, it is actively thwarting international efforts at assistance. If Russia follows the trend lines of other states, such as South Africa, with most new cases occurring in males 18-25, HIV/AIDS will have disastrous effects on higher education, military service, and the labor market. If the Russian government continues to stall in its response to the epidemic, and if the rates of infection increase, HIV/AIDS could possibly threaten the stability of the state, or force the state to enact draconian measures to contain the disease.


Abstract Objective: To investigate women's decision to undergo non-invasive and/or invasive tests for prenatal diagnosis depending on the procedure-related risk and the risk of carrying a foetus with Down syndrome (DS). Both risks are rated in terms of numerical relevance and acceptability. Method: A sample of 448 consecutive women with low-risk pregnancies were interviewed to collect social and clinical variables and to determine their perceptions of the risks of invasive procedure-related miscarriage and carrying a foetus with DS. The risks were scored numerically in terms of their relevance and acceptability using a 10-point rating scale. Results: The factors related to the use of non-invasive tests were age ≥35 years, not being treated at a public service, rating the risk of carrying a foetus with DS as having high numerical relevance and low acceptability, and rating the risk of miscarriage as having high acceptability. These relationships were still present when the use of invasive tests was considered, except in terms of the numerical relevance of the risk of carrying a foetus with DS. Conclusion: Perceived acceptability affects the interpretation of a given risk more than the numerical relevance of the risk.


The classic studies of Brenchley and Warington (1930) and numerous other investigations have demonstrated that large reserves (pools) of weed seeds accumulate in arable soils. Work reviewed by Kropad (1966) and Roberts (1981) shows that the number of seeds per m2 in the upper 15-25 cm of soil in cultivated fields may be as high as 70,000-90,000, and up to 95% of these may be contributed by annuals. Soil samples collected under vegetation of known age and history suggest that buried seeds of some weedy species may remain viable for 50100 years or more (e.g., Livingston and Allessio 1968, Oosting and Humphreys 1940). Seeds of 3 of 21 species buried in 1879 by W. J. Beal were viable after 100 years (Kivilaan and Bandurski 1981). In another experiment started by J. W. T. Duvel in 1902, buried seeds of 36 of 107 species were viable after 39 years (Toole and Brown 1946). Researchers have known for decades that many buried seeds need to be brought to the soil surface before they will germinate. To understand how germination of buried seeds is controlled, plant biologists have studied the re-


This paper presents a detailed analysis of 80 type III radio bursts, two noise storms and' 10 type II radio bursts observed in the 3080 MHz range with the new radio spectrograph (Madurai Solar R.adio Spectrograph) when it was operated on a daily basis during the periods December 1997 April 1998 and August 1998. Results from statistical analysis of type III bursts are in agreement with earlierresults. Employing a technique of separating the background continuum of noise storms show that the continuum is produced by electron accumulated from the preceding bursts. Also it is seen that the number of occurrences of type I bursts is maximum during the maximum of the background continuum. Comparison of records of type II bursts from MSRS with other spectrographs (Culgoora & Hiraiso) for the same bursts indicate that the sensitivity of the MSRS at low frequencies is much better than the other spectrographs.


This monthly column features a pencil drawing of a broken figurine by student Claire Cathers and a mixed media image of an egg by teacher Robert E. Duncan.


New towns are often considered to be among the best examples of urban planning in Britain. In this paper their financial implications are assessed, drawing on the example of Bracknell. The financial costs and consequences of the new towns were initially very unclear, but the government took a long-term and fairly generous attitude towards investment because of the wider economic and social benefits that were anticipated. Expenditure controls tightened as the costs of development increased and the political and economic climate changed. Within the last decade government policy has been to sell off the publicly-owned assets created over the previous three decades. Bracknell ultimately achieved a reasonably favourable financial outcome. How and why this occurred are examined. Also, some of the effects of privatisation are explored and lessons are drawn for urban policy more generally.


The paper presents an algorithm for identification and spatial localization of multiple events impinging onto arrays of radiation detectors. The algorithm is particularly suited to be implemented into architecture resources of a FPGA digital device that returns very high efficiency in the disentangling and identification process. We discuss design, realization and implementation of the system in the framework of the HICAM project, which deals with the development of a compact and high resolution Anger camera to be used in clinical and research environments.


Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis Linn.) leaves are well known flavouring agent for different type of dishes. The volatile oil from the leaves is used in perfumery and medicine. In order to find best drying method for rosemary leaves, different approaches, viz. shade, sun, microwave, hot air and oven drying were compared. The essential oil content was found to vary from 0.18 to 1.1% under different methods of drying. The essential obtained from hydrodistillation of dried leaves was analysed by GC and GC-MS. The major components of the oils were 1,8-cineole, camphor, α-pinene and verbenone. The quantitative composition of the oils was significantly affected by mode of drying. The monoterpene hydrocarbons were dominated in the fresh, shade and sun dried leaves (24.7 25%) whereas oxygenated monoterpenes were found to be higher in microwave and oven dried leaves (83.6 and 82.4%, respectively).


[1] Warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies of more than 1 °C occurred in the southeastern tropical Indian Ocean and peaked during August to October 2010. The anomalous SST warming was associated with the negative phase of the Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) phenomenon. In this study, observational data from a moored buoy were used together with satellite and atmospheric reanalysis data sets to clarify the processes that produced the anomalously warm SST in 2010. We focused on the location 5°S, 95°E where in situ measurements of more than 10 years by a moored buoy were available. The buoy observations captured the oceanic conditions related to the anomalous warming event of 2010. Heat balance analysis demonstrated that air-sea heat fluxes and horizontal heat advections mainly account for the mixed layer temperature variation. Reduced latent heat loss had a major role in producing the warm SST anomalies. Meridional heat advection also contributed to the warm SST anomalies where the southeastward surface current brought warmer water to the southeastern tropical Indian Ocean. The present results from the observations suggest that air-sea heat exchanges play an active role in the SST anomalies in the southeastern tropical Indian Ocean during the negative IOD. In contrast, in the case of cold SST anomalies in the eastern Indian Ocean during the positive IOD, ocean heat advections mainly control the mixed layer temperature variation. These results suggest that the IOD includes different feedback mechanisms in its positive and negative phases.


The paper gives statistics on road injuries and deaths in towns in several European countries, broken down by categories of user (pedestrians, cyclists and motorists) and size of built-up areas, and shows variations over several years. The effects of various safety equipment is then described in the fields of: horizontal signs, with advantages of retroreflection; vertical signs; good organisation of instructions by means of fixed or variable signs and traffic lights; facilities for 2-wheeled traffic; and facilities for pedestrians. Finally, in a field which has been little studied so far, the paper deals with the problem of warnings at accident sites and the problem of first aid by witnesses. For the covering abstract of the congress see IRRD 810683. (Author/TRRL)


Parents of children with ADHD experience levels of distress that negatively impact child, parent,
and family functioning. However, current treatment approaches for ADHD focus on child
interventions and disregard the effect of parental distress. Falk et al. (2014) developed Model A,
further validated by Bones (2017), to demonstrate that the relationship between parental distress
and child-centric variables (child social/interpersonal deficits and externalising behaviour) is
mediated by parent-centric variables (socio-economic support and maladaptive parental
cognitions) in ASD populations. The current study aimed to validate Model A in an ADHD
population. This study recruited 142 parents of children aged 4 to 17 years old, with and without
ADHD. Participants completed an online survey including measures of socio-economic support,
maladaptive parental cognitions, child social/interpersonal deficits, and child externalising
behaviour. Hierarchical regression was conducted and results indicated that parents of children
with ADHD had significantly higher levels of distress compared to parents of typically
developing children and that the variables in Model A were significant predictors of parental
distress. Results suggest that parent-centric factors, particularly maladaptive parental cognitions,
are important predictors of distress in ADHD parents. This study illustrates a need to focus on
interventions that target parental distress when treating children with ADHD.


The International Summit on Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Education (EDUsummIT) is a global knowledge building community of researchers, educational practitioners, and policy makers aiming to create and disseminate ideas and knowledge to promote the integration of ICT in education. Four EDUsummITs have been convened in The Hague, Paris, Washington, D.C., and Bangkok resulting in the development of ideas and knowledge useful and useable to ICT in education communities in integrating digital technologies into educational practices worldwide. More than two-dozen presentations by EDUsummIT participants have advocated implementation of recommendations from this knowledge building community via national and international organizations such as UNESCO, IFIP, Kennisnet, ISTE, and SITE. This paper reports findings of an evaluative study conducted at the conclusion of EDUsummIT 2015 to investigate the effectiveness and impact of EDUsummIT. Evaluative findings are proposed by the authors as useful for continuous improvement of future EDUsummITs while also serving as guiding considerations for emerging communities of practice in other fields wishing to develop and disseminate recommendations for research-based best practices at the global level.


Scene graph generation (SGG) aims to automatically map an image into a semantic structural graph for better scene understanding. It has attracted significant attention for its ability to provide object and relation information, enabling graph reasoning for downstream tasks. However, it faces severe limitations in practice due to the biased data and training method. In this paper, we present a more rational and effective strategy based on causal inference for object relation prediction. To further evaluate the superiority of our strategy, we propose an object enhancement module to conduct ablation studies. Experimental results on the Visual Gnome 150 (VG-150) dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method. These contributions can provide great potential for foundation models for decision-making.


A kinematic solution of the plasticity theory applied to the stability of geosynthetic-reinforced soil slopes is presented in this paper. Translational and rotational failure mechanisms are considered and rigorously compared. For slopes heavily reinforced with geosynthetics, the limit loads obtained using a translational failure mechanism are smaller than those obtained using a rotational failure mechanism, while for slopes with a reduced amount of geosynthetic reinforcement, the latter yields better results. A rotational failure mechanism consistently yields lower stability factor values for load-free geosynthetic reinforced slopes. Limit analysis method solutions are compared to solutions obtained using limit equilibrium and slip-line methods.


Transactions with futures and other derivatives began their development in the XIX century on the exchanges in USA and other developed countries, but fnancial market in Serbia is still underdeveloped with exchange materials, volumes and number of participants. Investors on the Belgrade Stock Exchange mostly trade with stocks and government bonds. Also, Agrar Product Novi Sad has organized only spot trading of agricultural products. The paper goal is to present all relevant assumptions and signifcance of derivative trading development in Serbia with discussion about choice to start derivative trading on the already existing exchanges or to establish a new futures exchange that is going to be specialized for derivative trading. As the research method authors use content analysis and comparison of signifcant national and foreign literature with analyses of trading volumes on international and domestic exchanges. Authors recommend that Agrar Product Novi Sad be the frst in expansion of market listing with commodity futures and options. On this way market is going to be deeper, creating effcient mechanisms for investor's protection from price risks, creating conditions for safer and long term production planning, with increase in market attractivity that could set the Agrar Product Novi Sad as a leader in commodity derivative trading in the South-East Europe.


The two-dimensional BEG model with nearest neighbor bilinear and positive biquadratic interaction is simulated on a cellular automaton, which is based on the Creutz cellular automaton for square lattice. Phase diagrams characterizing phase transitions of the model are presented for comparison with those obtained from other calculations. We confirm the existence of the tricritical points over the phase boundary for D/K>0. The values of static critical exponents (α, β, γ and ν) are estimated within the framework of the finite size scaling theory along D/K=-1 and 1 lines. The results are compatible with the universal Ising critical behavior except the points over phase boundary.


The background of this research is that the limitations of teaching materials in the subject of Education tend to be carried out manually. The formulation of the problem in this study is that is it feasible for blended Learning-based teaching materials in the Educational Sciences course to be used in the PAI Study Program. This study aims to produce products in the form of Blended Learning-based teaching materials in PAI Education Study Program subjects. This research uses development research methods, carried out through ten stages using the Dick and Carey model. To find out the feasibility of the product being developed, quantitative data is needed in the form of response scores about product quality through a questionnaire validated by media experts and material experts and student responses. The results of the study showed that teaching materials based on blended learning through the Macromedia Flash 8 program in the subject of Education in the first semester of the PAI study program on the components of education had a "very good" feasibility category which was based on the percentage gain using the Likert scale. The results of validation and trials include (1) the validation of the material expert said that the final percentage obtained from the material and linguistic aspects is 89.09% with very good criteria, (2) Validation of media experts stated that the final percentage obtained from material and display aspects was 100,00% with very good criteria, (3) Individual trials stated that the final percentage obtained from material and display aspects is 78.95% with good criteria (4) Small group trials state that the final percentage obtained is 90,67% with very good criteria (5) and field trials state that the final percentage obtained is 91,40% with very good criteria.single paragraph of abstract, about 150-250 words without indentation of the first line  with 1 spaces and 11-point. We strongly encourage authors to use the following style of structured abstracts, but without heading: (1) Background: place the gap analysis of this study (about 1-2 sentences) and highlight the purposes of the study; (2) Methods: briefly describe the main methods applied, including samples/participants, instruments, collecting data technique, and analyzing data technique; (3) Results: summarizing the article's main findings, should be in line with the purposes of the study; (4) Conclusion. The abstract should be an objective representation of the article. It must not contain results that are not presented and substantiated in the main text and should not exaggerate the main conclusions.


Electrochemical lithium intercalation into 1T-NbTe 2 takes place by progressive filling of the distorted octahedral sites in the interlayer space leading to an increase in the cm parameter. The monoclinic structure and niobium ribbon chain modulation are preserved during lithium intercalation. On the contrary, different modulated structures are observed in the products of sodium intercalation. For Na 0.6 NbTe 2 , a a27 1/2 ×a27 1/2 superlattice and a basal spacing of 9.89 A are observed


The steps by which a tool life analysis applicable to orthogonal cutting can be extended to accommodate tool obliquity are detailed. By following these, a relation between tool-life, T , tool obliquity, λ , and a representative tool flank wear land contact temperature, θ fs , is obtained. A method is then described by which θ fs in oblique cutting can be computed. This is based on a recently developed procedure for estimating temperatures of obliquely moving heat sources on the rake face combined with the influence of constriction resistance occurring at the discrete contact points within the flank contact area. In this way, from a knowledge of the T − θ fs relation applicable to a given tool/workpiece combination cut orthogonally, tool lives at different tool obliquities are predicted and are shown to agree quite well with experimentally determined values. Finally, a comprehensive tool life expression independent of cutting parameters and of tool geometry is proposed and is verified using data obtained by cutting mild steel with H.S.S. tools.


In August and October 1995 a programme of trenching was undertaken to evaluate 38 hectares of arable land between Akeman Street (Mere Way) Roman road and the Romano-British farm estate recorded in 1994 and 1995 on the site if the landfill site 500m to the east.
These evaluation results have confirmed the assumption that the density of archaeological remains diminishes westwards. The recorded remains were localised in four main areas (A - D) and are indicative of occupation. Based on the artefactual evidence, the occupation was dated to the Late Bronze Age/Iron Age.
Bronze Age pottery discovered in three postholes sealed by iron Age deposits suggest the presence of a structure dating to the first millennium BC. Further postholes, pits and possible beamslots together with gullies were found in association with a discrete area of occupation debris, including daub, interpreted as an Iron Age midden. All of these contexts contained Iron Age pottery and animal bone. A ploughsoil of Iron Age date was found to seal an area of pitting.
Two further foci of domestic nature were identified, typified by structural remains, ecofactual and artefactual finds. It is hypothesised that these areas contained one or more shifting farmsteads throughout the Late Bronze Age and Iron Age.


Two series of aerial and surface observations of lakes in Canada arc presented in which wave formation dcpendcd on the stability of the air over the water. In the first set of observations a cold, deep lako remained mirror-smooth under wind conditions that developed gravity waves 44 in. high on nearby warmer, shallow lakes. The second observation is of Dubawnt Lake, a large, cold, arctic lake, where wind waves developed only in the lee of the upwind shore and of islands and disappeared a mile or less downwind. Great stability of the air over the lakes leading to reduced surface stress results from warm air flowing over very cold water.


Frederick Wiseman's film High School is a rhetorical documentary about the exercise of power in an institutional setting. Wiseman uses selection, framing, and editing within and between sequences to depict the high school as a place where power is exercised through the double bind, reducing students to conformity, boredom, apathy, and empty gestures of rebellion. The double bind is most forcefully expressed in the invisible network of contradictory messages about the relations between power and sexuality. This essay examines the verbal and visual elements of the film to describe how Wiseman invites his audience to respond.


Corbicula aurea Heude was catergoried as Eulamellibranchia Corbiculidae Gray?Corbioula Mergelevon Muhlfeld.It is especial in our country. Corbicula aurea Heude gonad develops evifh the relationship to its growth stages and the change of anniversary,temperature,power of oviposit and sex age. The effect of temperature,Power of oviposit,sex age on embryo developing were studied. were studied.